[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: country
Target surface form: country
Context:
Is immigration a burden or an opportunity for the economy? Immigration policy under Nicolas Sarkozy was criticised from various aspects a congestion of police, legal and administrative services subjected to a policy of numbers and the compatibility of that policy with the self-proclaimed status of the country as the country of French human rights. More recently, it is administrative harassment of foreign students, which is topical, with the minister of the interior ("Libération" on 23 May) declaring that France "does not need foreign talent, bricklayers and waiters." But it is only rarely analyzed from the economic viewpoint. There is a lot of consensus between the Left and the Right on this subject. On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a <t>country</t> with 2 million of foreign workers," and on the Left by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that France "can not accommodate all the world's misery." The only difference, the degree of generosity

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=country%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=state, nation, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
2. sense_key=country%1:15:00:: | definition=the territory occupied by a nation | synonyms=state, land | examples=he returned to the land of his birth; he visited several European countries
3. sense_key=country%1:14:01:: | definition=the people who live in a nation or country | synonyms=nation, land | examples=a statement that sums up the nation's mood; the news was announced to the nation
4. sense_key=country%1:15:01:: | definition=an area outside of cities and towns | synonyms=rural area | examples=his poetry celebrated the slower pace of life in the country
5. sense_key=country%1:15:02:: | definition=a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography) | synonyms=area | examples=it was a mountainous area; Bible country

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "country" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context discusses immigration policy and its economic implications in France, referencing statements made by French political figures. The sentence containing the target word is: "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a <t>country</t> with 2 million of foreign workers."

1. The first sense defines "country" as "a politically organized body of people under a single government." The synonyms include "state, nation, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic." This sense fits well with the context, as it refers to France as a political entity with its own government and policies.

2. The second sense refers to "the territory occupied by a nation." While this could also potentially fit, the emphasis in the context is more on the political and social aspects rather than the geographical territory.

3. The third sense is "the people who live in a nation or country." The example given is "a statement that sums up the nation's mood; the news was announced to the nation." This sense is plausible because the context involves political statements and policies affecting the population.

4. The fourth sense, "an area outside of cities and towns," is not relevant to the context, as the discussion is about national policies and economies, not rural vs. urban areas.

5. The fifth sense refers to "a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary." This is also not directly relevant, as the context is focused on a specific country, France, as a political entity rather than a geographical region.

Given the context, both the first and third senses seem plausible because they both relate to a nation or its people. However, the sentence specifically talks about a "country with 2 million of foreign workers," indicating that it's referring to the political entity or the people within it.

The phrase "a country with 2 million of foreign workers" is more likely referring to the nation or state as a political entity rather than directly to its people. Thus, the first sense ("a politically organized body of people under a single government") is the most appropriate, as it aligns with the context of discussing national policy and the political entity of France.

Therefore, the best indexed sense is the first one.

{"sense_index": 1}


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: worker
Target surface form: workers
Context:
Is immigration a burden or an opportunity for the economy? Immigration policy under Nicolas Sarkozy was criticised from various aspects a congestion of police, legal and administrative services subjected to a policy of numbers and the compatibility of that policy with the self-proclaimed status of the country as the country of French human rights. More recently, it is administrative harassment of foreign students, which is topical, with the minister of the interior ("Libération" on 23 May) declaring that France "does not need foreign talent, bricklayers and waiters." But it is only rarely analyzed from the economic viewpoint. There is a lot of consensus between the Left and the Right on this subject. On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a country with 2 million of foreign <t>workers</t>," and on the Left by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that France "can not accommodate all the world's misery." The only difference, the degree of generosity

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=worker%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who works at a specific occupation | examples=he is a good worker
2. sense_key=worker%1:18:01:: | definition=a member of the working class (not necessarily employed) | synonyms=proletarian, prole | examples=workers of the world--unite!
3. sense_key=worker%1:05:01:: | definition=sterile member of a colony of social insects that forages for food and cares for the larvae
4. sense_key=worker%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who acts and gets things done | synonyms=actor, doer | examples=he's a principal actor in this affair; when you want something done get a doer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: left
Target surface form: Left
Context:
Is immigration a burden or an opportunity for the economy? Immigration policy under Nicolas Sarkozy was criticised from various aspects a congestion of police, legal and administrative services subjected to a policy of numbers and the compatibility of that policy with the self-proclaimed status of the country as the country of French human rights. More recently, it is administrative harassment of foreign students, which is topical, with the minister of the interior ("Libération" on 23 May) declaring that France "does not need foreign talent, bricklayers and waiters." But it is only rarely analyzed from the economic viewpoint. There is a lot of consensus between the Left and the Right on this subject. On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a country with 2 million of foreign workers," and on the <t>Left</t> by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that France "can not accommodate all the world's misery." The only difference, the degree of generosity

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=left%1:15:00:: | definition=location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east | examples=she stood on the left
2. sense_key=left%1:14:00:: | definition=those who support varying degrees of social or political or economic change designed to promote the public welfare | synonyms=left wing
3. sense_key=left%1:08:00:: | definition=the hand that is on the left side of the body | synonyms=left hand | examples=jab with your left
4. sense_key=left%1:06:00:: | definition=the piece of ground in the outfield on the catcher's left | synonyms=left field | examples=the batter flied out to left
5. sense_key=left%1:04:00:: | definition=a turn toward the side of the body that is on the north when the person is facing east | examples=take a left at the corner

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: france
Target surface form: France
Context:
Is immigration a burden or an opportunity for the economy? Immigration policy under Nicolas Sarkozy was criticised from various aspects a congestion of police, legal and administrative services subjected to a policy of numbers and the compatibility of that policy with the self-proclaimed status of the country as the country of French human rights. More recently, it is administrative harassment of foreign students, which is topical, with the minister of the interior ("Libération" on 23 May) declaring that France "does not need foreign talent, bricklayers and waiters." But it is only rarely analyzed from the economic viewpoint. There is a lot of consensus between the Left and the Right on this subject. On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a country with 2 million of foreign workers," and on the Left by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that <t>France</t> "can not accommodate all the world's misery." The only difference, the degree of generosity

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=france%1:15:00:: | definition=a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe | synonyms=French Republic
2. sense_key=france%1:18:00:: | definition=French writer of sophisticated novels and short stories (1844-1924) | synonyms=Anatole France, Jacques Anatole Francois Thibault

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: misery
Target surface form: misery
Context:
Is immigration a burden or an opportunity for the economy? Immigration policy under Nicolas Sarkozy was criticised from various aspects a congestion of police, legal and administrative services subjected to a policy of numbers and the compatibility of that policy with the self-proclaimed status of the country as the country of French human rights. More recently, it is administrative harassment of foreign students, which is topical, with the minister of the interior ("Libération" on 23 May) declaring that France "does not need foreign talent, bricklayers and waiters." But it is only rarely analyzed from the economic viewpoint. There is a lot of consensus between the Left and the Right on this subject. On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a country with 2 million of foreign workers," and on the Left by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that France "can not accommodate all the world's <t>misery</t>." The only difference, the degree of generosity

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=misery%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of ill-being due to affliction or misfortune | synonyms=wretchedness, miserableness | examples=the misery and wretchedness of those slums is intolerable
2. sense_key=misery%1:12:00:: | definition=a feeling of intense unhappiness | examples=she was exhausted by her misery and grief

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "misery" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The sentence is: "France 'can not accommodate all the world's misery'." Here, "misery" is used in the context of immigration and the capacity of a country to accept people from around the world who are suffering or in distress.

1. The first candidate sense defines "misery" as "a state of ill-being due to affliction or misfortune" with synonyms "wretchedness, miserableness" and an example that discusses the condition of slums. This sense focuses on the state of being in a condition of hardship or distress, which can be related to people suffering from various forms of affliction or misfortune.

2. The second candidate sense defines "misery" as "a feeling of intense unhappiness" with an example about someone being exhausted by their misery and grief. This sense is more about the emotional state of an individual or individuals experiencing intense sadness or unhappiness.

Given the context, Michel Rocard's statement is referring to the large number of people around the world who are suffering or in distress due to various reasons (potentially war, poverty, etc.), and the capacity of France to accommodate them. The use of "misery" here is more aligned with the first sense, which refers to a state of ill-being or affliction, rather than the emotional state of individuals. The phrase "all the world's misery" suggests a broad, global condition of hardship or distress, rather than the emotional state of specific individuals.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "misery" in this context is the first one.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: difference
Target surface form: difference
Context:
Immigration policy under Nicolas Sarkozy was criticised from various aspects a congestion of police, legal and administrative services subjected to a policy of numbers and the compatibility of that policy with the self-proclaimed status of the country as the country of French human rights. More recently, it is administrative harassment of foreign students, which is topical, with the minister of the interior ("Libération" on 23 May) declaring that France "does not need foreign talent, bricklayers and waiters." But it is only rarely analyzed from the economic viewpoint. There is a lot of consensus between the Left and the Right on this subject. On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a country with 2 million of foreign workers," and on the Left by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that France "can not accommodate all the world's misery." The only <t>difference</t>, the degree of generosity In 2005, the fear of invasion of the national territory by hordes of Polish plumbers was felt both on the Left and on the Right.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=difference%1:07:00:: | definition=the quality of being unlike or dissimilar | examples=there are many differences between jazz and rock
2. sense_key=difference%1:11:00:: | definition=a variation that deviates from the standard or norm | synonyms=deviation, divergence, departure | examples=the deviation from the mean
3. sense_key=difference%1:10:00:: | definition=a disagreement or argument about something important | synonyms=dispute, difference of opinion, conflict | examples=he had a dispute with his wife; there were irreconcilable differences
4. sense_key=difference%1:24:00:: | definition=a significant change | examples=the difference in her is amazing; his support made a real difference
5. sense_key=difference%1:23:00:: | definition=the number that remains after subtraction; the number that when added to the subtrahend gives the minuend | synonyms=remainder

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "difference" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The sentence is: "The only difference, the degree of generosity"

The context discusses the similarity between the Left and the Right in France regarding their views on immigration policy, highlighting that despite some variations, there is a general consensus. The term "difference" here is used to point out a distinction or a variation between the two political sides, specifically in terms of their degree of generosity.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. The quality of being unlike or dissimilar. This sense fits as it talks about the distinction between two entities, in this case, the degree of generosity between the Left and the Right.

2. A variation that deviates from the standard or norm. While this could potentially apply, the context doesn't strongly suggest a deviation from a standard or norm but rather a comparison between two political stances.

3. A disagreement or argument about something important. The context doesn't indicate an argument or disagreement but rather acknowledges a distinction.

4. A significant change. The use of "difference" here doesn't indicate a change over time but a static distinction.

5. The number that remains after subtraction. This is a mathematical definition that doesn't fit the context.

Given the context and the examples, the most suitable definition is the first one: "the quality of being unlike or dissimilar." This is because the sentence is highlighting the distinction or the dissimilarity between the Left and the Right in terms of their degree of generosity.

Therefore, the best indexed sense is 1.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: degree
Target surface form: degree
Context:
Immigration policy under Nicolas Sarkozy was criticised from various aspects a congestion of police, legal and administrative services subjected to a policy of numbers and the compatibility of that policy with the self-proclaimed status of the country as the country of French human rights. More recently, it is administrative harassment of foreign students, which is topical, with the minister of the interior ("Libération" on 23 May) declaring that France "does not need foreign talent, bricklayers and waiters." But it is only rarely analyzed from the economic viewpoint. There is a lot of consensus between the Left and the Right on this subject. On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a country with 2 million of foreign workers," and on the Left by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that France "can not accommodate all the world's misery." The only difference, the <t>degree</t> of generosity In 2005, the fear of invasion of the national territory by hordes of Polish plumbers was felt both on the Left and on the Right.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=degree%1:07:00:: | definition=a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality | synonyms=grade, level | examples=a moderate grade of intelligence; a high level of care is required
2. sense_key=degree%1:26:01:: | definition=a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process | synonyms=level, stage, point | examples=a remarkable degree of frankness; at what stage are the social sciences?
3. sense_key=degree%1:10:00:: | definition=an award conferred by a college or university signifying that the recipient has satisfactorily completed a course of study | synonyms=academic degree | examples=he earned his degree at Princeton summa cum laude
4. sense_key=degree%1:23:00:: | definition=a measure for arcs and angles | synonyms=arcdegree | examples=there are 360 degrees in a circle
5. sense_key=degree%1:09:00:: | definition=the highest power of a term or variable
6. sense_key=degree%1:23:03:: | definition=a unit of temperature on a specified scale | examples=the game was played in spite of the 40-degree temperature
7. sense_key=degree%1:07:01:: | definition=the seriousness of something (e.g., a burn or crime) | examples=murder in the second degree; a second degree burn

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "degree" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The sentence is: "The only difference, the degree of generosity"

Here, "degree" is used to indicate a point or level on a scale, specifically the scale of generosity. The context is discussing the difference between the Left and the Right in terms of their approach or attitude towards immigration, highlighting that while there is a consensus, the extent or level of their generosity differs.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. **A position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality** - This sense fits the context as "degree of generosity" refers to the extent or level of generosity, which is a quality. The synonyms provided are "grade" and "level," and the examples include "a moderate grade of intelligence" and "a high level of care is required." This aligns well with the usage in the sentence.

2. **A specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process** - While this could potentially fit, it's more about a stage or point in a process or series, and the example "a remarkable degree of frankness" is closer to the first sense.

3. **An award conferred by a college or university** - This is unrelated to the context, as there's no mention of academic achievements.

4. **A measure for arcs and angles** - This is a mathematical definition and doesn't fit the context.

5. **The highest power of a term or variable** - Another mathematical definition that doesn't apply here.

6. **A unit of temperature on a specified scale** - This is also unrelated as the context doesn't discuss temperature.

7. **The seriousness of something (e.g., a burn or crime)** - While this involves a scale, it's more specific to the severity of conditions or crimes, not a general quality like generosity.

Given the context and the analysis, the best fit for "degree" is the first sense: "a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality." This is because "degree of generosity" refers to the extent or level of generosity, aligning with the definition and examples provided for this sense.

Therefore, the best indexed sense is: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: generosity
Target surface form: generosity
Context:
Immigration policy under Nicolas Sarkozy was criticised from various aspects a congestion of police, legal and administrative services subjected to a policy of numbers and the compatibility of that policy with the self-proclaimed status of the country as the country of French human rights. More recently, it is administrative harassment of foreign students, which is topical, with the minister of the interior ("Libération" on 23 May) declaring that France "does not need foreign talent, bricklayers and waiters." But it is only rarely analyzed from the economic viewpoint. There is a lot of consensus between the Left and the Right on this subject. On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a country with 2 million of foreign workers," and on the Left by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that France "can not accommodate all the world's misery." The only difference, the degree of <t>generosity</t> In 2005, the fear of invasion of the national territory by hordes of Polish plumbers was felt both on the Left and on the Right.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=generosity%1:07:00:: | definition=the trait of being willing to give your money or time | synonyms=generousness
2. sense_key=generosity%1:04:00:: | definition=acting generously | synonyms=unselfishness

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "generosity" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses immigration policy in France under Nicolas Sarkozy, criticizing it from various viewpoints. It mentions a consensus between the Left and the Right on the subject, with quotes from significant political figures. The sentence containing "generosity" indicates that the difference between the Left and the Right lies in the "degree of generosity."

2. **Understanding "Generosity" in Context**: Here, "generosity" refers to the willingness or disposition to give or share, particularly in the context of accommodating or helping foreign workers or immigrants. The discussion revolves around political ideologies and their stance on immigration.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. sense_key=generosity%1:07:00::** | definition="the trait of being willing to give your money or time" | synonyms="generousness"
   - **2. sense_key=generosity%1:04:00::** | definition="acting generously" | synonyms="unselfishness"

4. **Analysis**:
   - The first sense emphasizes the trait or quality of being generous, which aligns with the idea of having a certain disposition towards giving or sharing, whether it be resources, time, or in this context, possibly referring to the willingness to accommodate immigrants.
   - The second sense focuses on the act of being generous, implying an action rather than a trait.

5. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - The context suggests that "generosity" is being used to describe a quality or trait of political ideologies or stances regarding immigration, rather than a specific act. The phrase "degree of generosity" implies a variation in the level of willingness to accommodate or help, which aligns more closely with the trait or quality of being generous.

6. **Conclusion**: The best indexed sense for "generosity" in this context is the one that refers to the trait of being willing to give or share, which is associated with the first definition.

Therefore, the response should be: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: fear
Target surface form: fear
Context:
More recently, it is administrative harassment of foreign students, which is topical, with the minister of the interior ("Libération" on 23 May) declaring that France "does not need foreign talent, bricklayers and waiters." But it is only rarely analyzed from the economic viewpoint. There is a lot of consensus between the Left and the Right on this subject. On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a country with 2 million of foreign workers," and on the Left by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that France "can not accommodate all the world's misery." The only difference, the degree of generosity In 2005, the <t>fear</t> of invasion of the national territory by hordes of Polish plumbers was felt both on the Left and on the Right. Both sides see immigrants as a burden on the French economy and on French society.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=fear%1:12:00:: | definition=an emotion experienced in anticipation of some specific pain or danger (usually accompanied by a desire to flee or fight) | synonyms=fearfulness, fright
2. sense_key=fear%1:12:01:: | definition=an anxious feeling | synonyms=concern, care | examples=care had aged him; they hushed it up out of fear of public reaction
3. sense_key=fear%1:12:02:: | definition=a feeling of profound respect for someone or something | synonyms=reverence, awe, veneration | examples=the fear of God; the Chinese reverence for the dead

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "fear" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context discusses the sentiment towards foreign workers and immigrants in France, mentioning that both the Left and the Right share a common concern or sentiment regarding the impact of immigrants on the French economy and society. The specific sentence with the target word "fear" is: "In 2005, the fear of invasion of the national territory by hordes of Polish plumbers was felt both on the Left and on the Right." Here, "fear" refers to an apprehension or anxiety about a potential event or situation (invasion by Polish plumbers).

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. The first sense defines "fear" as "an emotion experienced in anticipation of some specific pain or danger (usually accompanied by a desire to flee or fight)" with synonyms "fearfulness, fright". This sense aligns with the context as it describes an emotional response to a perceived threat or danger, in this case, the "invasion of the national territory by hordes of Polish plumbers."

2. The second sense defines "fear" as "an anxious feeling" with synonyms "concern, care". While this sense could also fit the context as it describes a state of anxiety, the examples given ("care had aged him; they hushed it up out of fear of public reaction") suggest a broader application of anxiety or concern, not necessarily tied to a specific threat or danger.

3. The third sense defines "fear" as "a feeling of profound respect for someone or something" with synonyms "reverence, awe, veneration". This sense does not fit the context as the discussion is about apprehension or anxiety regarding immigrants, not about respect or reverence.

Given the context, the first sense ("an emotion experienced in anticipation of some specific pain or danger") is the most appropriate as it directly relates to the apprehension or anxiety about a specific situation (the invasion by Polish plumbers). The use of "fear" in the context implies an emotional response to a perceived threat, aligning with the definition and synonyms provided in the first sense.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "fear" in the given context is the first sense.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: invasion
Target surface form: invasion
Context:
More recently, it is administrative harassment of foreign students, which is topical, with the minister of the interior ("Libération" on 23 May) declaring that France "does not need foreign talent, bricklayers and waiters." But it is only rarely analyzed from the economic viewpoint. There is a lot of consensus between the Left and the Right on this subject. On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a country with 2 million of foreign workers," and on the Left by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that France "can not accommodate all the world's misery." The only difference, the degree of generosity In 2005, the fear of <t>invasion</t> of the national territory by hordes of Polish plumbers was felt both on the Left and on the Right. Both sides see immigrants as a burden on the French economy and on French society.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=invasion%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of invading; the act of an army that invades for conquest or plunder
2. sense_key=invasion%1:11:00:: | definition=any entry into an area not previously occupied | synonyms=encroachment, intrusion | examples=an invasion of tourists; an invasion of locusts
3. sense_key=invasion%1:11:01:: | definition=(pathology) the spread of pathogenic microorganisms or malignant cells to new sites in the body | examples=the tumor's invasion of surrounding structures

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "invasion" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context discusses the fear of a large influx of Polish plumbers into France, framing it as an "invasion of the national territory." This discussion is set within a broader conversation about immigration and its perceived impact on the French economy and society.

1. The first candidate sense refers to "the act of invading; the act of an army that invades for conquest or plunder." While this sense typically involves a military context, the core idea of invading or entering a territory is present. However, the context here is not about a military invasion but rather about immigration.

2. The second candidate sense is defined as "any entry into an area not previously occupied," with synonyms including "encroachment" and "intrusion," and examples such as "an invasion of tourists" or "an invasion of locusts." This sense captures the idea of a large number of entities (not necessarily military) entering an area. The context provided discusses the fear of a large number of Polish plumbers entering France, which aligns with the notion of an "invasion" as an influx or intrusion of a large group into a previously occupied or controlled area.

3. The third candidate sense relates to pathology, specifically "the spread of pathogenic microorganisms or malignant cells to new sites in the body." This is clearly not relevant to the context of immigration or the influx of workers.

Given the context and the examples provided, the use of "invasion" to describe the fear of a large influx of Polish plumbers into France best aligns with the second sense. This sense captures the idea of a significant entry or intrusion into an area (in this case, France) by a large number of individuals (Polish plumbers), which is metaphorically described as an "invasion."

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "invasion" in this context is the second one.

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: territory
Target surface form: territory
Context:
More recently, it is administrative harassment of foreign students, which is topical, with the minister of the interior ("Libération" on 23 May) declaring that France "does not need foreign talent, bricklayers and waiters." But it is only rarely analyzed from the economic viewpoint. There is a lot of consensus between the Left and the Right on this subject. On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a country with 2 million of foreign workers," and on the Left by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that France "can not accommodate all the world's misery." The only difference, the degree of generosity In 2005, the fear of invasion of the national <t>territory</t> by hordes of Polish plumbers was felt both on the Left and on the Right. Both sides see immigrants as a burden on the French economy and on French society.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=territory%1:15:00:: | definition=a region marked off for administrative or other purposes | synonyms=district, territorial dominion, dominion
2. sense_key=territory%1:09:00:: | definition=an area of knowledge or interest | examples=his questions covered a lot of territory
3. sense_key=territory%1:15:01:: | definition=the geographical area under the jurisdiction of a sovereign state | synonyms=soil | examples=American troops were stationed on Japanese soil

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: horde
Target surface form: hordes
Context:
More recently, it is administrative harassment of foreign students, which is topical, with the minister of the interior ("Libération" on 23 May) declaring that France "does not need foreign talent, bricklayers and waiters." But it is only rarely analyzed from the economic viewpoint. There is a lot of consensus between the Left and the Right on this subject. On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a country with 2 million of foreign workers," and on the Left by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that France "can not accommodate all the world's misery." The only difference, the degree of generosity In 2005, the fear of invasion of the national territory by <t>hordes</t> of Polish plumbers was felt both on the Left and on the Right. Both sides see immigrants as a burden on the French economy and on French society.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=horde%1:14:00:: | definition=a vast multitude | synonyms=host, legion
2. sense_key=horde%1:14:02:: | definition=a nomadic community
3. sense_key=horde%1:14:01:: | definition=a moving crowd | synonyms=drove, swarm

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "hordes" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The sentence discusses the fear of invasion by "hordes of Polish plumbers" in France, indicating a large number of people perceived as overwhelming or problematic.

2. **Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. sense_key=horde%1:14:00::**: Definition is "a vast multitude" with synonyms "host, legion". This sense implies a large number or crowd.
   - **2. sense_key=horde%1:14:02::**: Definition is "a nomadic community". This sense is more specific to a type of social or ethnic group that is nomadic.
   - **3. sense_key=horde%1:14:01::**: Definition is "a moving crowd" with synonyms "drove, swarm". This implies not just a large number, but a group that is moving.

3. **Analysis**:
   - The context implies a fear of a large number of Polish plumbers invading or overwhelming France, which aligns with the idea of a "vast multitude" or a perceived overwhelming number.
   - The term "hordes" is used metaphorically here, not literally indicating a nomadic community, so **sense 2** is less likely.
   - While "hordes" does imply a large number, the specific connotation of "moving crowd" or "swarm" in **sense 3** could fit if we consider the "invasion" as implying movement. However, the primary focus is on the perceived overwhelming number rather than the act of moving.
   - The synonyms for **sense 1** ("host, legion") and its definition ("a vast multitude") closely match the usage in the context, as "hordes" is used to convey a large, potentially overwhelming number of people.

4. **Conclusion**: The best fit for the usage of "hordes" in the given context is **sense 1**, as it directly relates to the idea of a "vast multitude" without necessarily implying the specific characteristics of being nomadic or the act of moving.

Therefore, the JSON response is: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: left
Target surface form: Left
Context:
More recently, it is administrative harassment of foreign students, which is topical, with the minister of the interior ("Libération" on 23 May) declaring that France "does not need foreign talent, bricklayers and waiters." But it is only rarely analyzed from the economic viewpoint. There is a lot of consensus between the Left and the Right on this subject. On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a country with 2 million of foreign workers," and on the Left by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that France "can not accommodate all the world's misery." The only difference, the degree of generosity In 2005, the fear of invasion of the national territory by hordes of Polish plumbers was felt both on the <t>Left</t> and on the Right. Both sides see immigrants as a burden on the French economy and on French society.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=left%1:15:00:: | definition=location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east | examples=she stood on the left
2. sense_key=left%1:14:00:: | definition=those who support varying degrees of social or political or economic change designed to promote the public welfare | synonyms=left wing
3. sense_key=left%1:08:00:: | definition=the hand that is on the left side of the body | synonyms=left hand | examples=jab with your left
4. sense_key=left%1:06:00:: | definition=the piece of ground in the outfield on the catcher's left | synonyms=left field | examples=the batter flied out to left
5. sense_key=left%1:04:00:: | definition=a turn toward the side of the body that is on the north when the person is facing east | examples=take a left at the corner

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: right
Target surface form: Right
Context:
More recently, it is administrative harassment of foreign students, which is topical, with the minister of the interior ("Libération" on 23 May) declaring that France "does not need foreign talent, bricklayers and waiters." But it is only rarely analyzed from the economic viewpoint. There is a lot of consensus between the Left and the Right on this subject. On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a country with 2 million of foreign workers," and on the Left by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that France "can not accommodate all the world's misery." The only difference, the degree of generosity In 2005, the fear of invasion of the national territory by hordes of Polish plumbers was felt both on the Left and on the <t>Right</t>. Both sides see immigrants as a burden on the French economy and on French society.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=right%1:07:00:: | definition=an abstract idea of that which is due to a person or governmental body by law or tradition or nature; ; - Eleanor Roosevelt | examples=they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights; Certain rights can never be granted to the government but must be kept in the hands of the people
2. sense_key=right%1:15:00:: | definition=location near or direction toward the right side; i.e. the side to the south when a person or object faces east | examples=he stood on the right
3. sense_key=right%1:06:00:: | definition=the piece of ground in the outfield on the catcher's right | synonyms=right field
4. sense_key=right%1:14:00:: | definition=those who support political or social or economic conservatism; those who believe that things are better left unchanged | synonyms=right wing
5. sense_key=right%1:08:00:: | definition=the hand that is on the right side of the body | synonyms=right hand | examples=he writes with his right hand but pitches with his left; hit him with quick rights to the body
6. sense_key=right%1:04:00:: | definition=a turn toward the side of the body that is on the south when the person is facing east | examples=take a right at the corner
7. sense_key=right%1:07:01:: | definition=anything in accord with principles of justice | synonyms=rightfulness | examples=he feels he is in the right; the rightfulness of his claim
8. sense_key=right%1:21:00:: | definition=(frequently plural) the interest possessed by law or custom in some intangible thing | examples=mineral rights; film rights

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: side
Target surface form: sides
Context:
But it is only rarely analyzed from the economic viewpoint. There is a lot of consensus between the Left and the Right on this subject. On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a country with 2 million of foreign workers," and on the Left by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that France "can not accommodate all the world's misery." The only difference, the degree of generosity In 2005, the fear of invasion of the national territory by hordes of Polish plumbers was felt both on the Left and on the Right. Both <t>sides</t> see immigrants as a burden on the French economy and on French society. The only difference resides in the degree of generosity, which one deigns to grant to immigrants.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=side%1:15:02:: | definition=a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location | examples=they always sat on the right side of the church; he never left my side
2. sense_key=side%1:14:00:: | definition=one of two or more contesting groups | examples=the Confederate side was prepared to attack
3. sense_key=side%1:08:00:: | definition=either the left or right half of a body | examples=he had a pain in his side
4. sense_key=side%1:15:00:: | definition=a surface forming part of the outside of an object | synonyms=face | examples=he examined all sides of the crystal; dew dripped from the face of the leaf
5. sense_key=side%1:06:00:: | definition=an extended outer surface of an object | examples=he turned the box over to examine the bottom side; they painted all four sides of the house
6. sense_key=side%1:09:00:: | definition=an aspect of something (as contrasted with some other implied aspect) | examples=he was on the heavy side; he is on the purchasing side of the business
7. sense_key=side%1:15:01:: | definition=a line segment forming part of the perimeter of a plane figure | examples=the hypotenuse of a right triangle is always the longest side
8. sense_key=side%1:14:01:: | definition=a family line of descent | examples=he gets his brains from his father's side
9. sense_key=side%1:13:00:: | definition=a lengthwise dressed half of an animal's carcass used for food | synonyms=side of meat
10. sense_key=side%1:10:00:: | definition=an opinion that is held in opposition to another in an argument or dispute | synonyms=position | examples=there are two sides to every question
11. sense_key=side%1:17:01:: | definition=an elevated geological formation | synonyms=slope, incline | examples=he climbed the steep slope; the house was built on the side of a mountain
12. sense_key=side%1:11:00:: | definition=(sports) the spin given to a ball by striking it on one side or releasing it with a sharp twist | synonyms=English

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "sides" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The context is discussing the viewpoints of the Left and the Right regarding immigrants and their impact on the French economy and society. The sentence where "sides" appears is: "Both sides see immigrants as a burden on the French economy and on French society."

Let's examine the relevant candidate senses:

1. **sense_key=side%1:15:02::** - Relates to a place within a region relative to a center or reference location. This doesn't directly apply to the context of groups or viewpoints.

2. **sense_key=side%1:14:00::** - Refers to one of two or more contesting groups. The example given is "the Confederate side was prepared to attack." This sense fits the context as it refers to opposing groups (Left and Right) holding certain views.

3. **sense_key=side%1:08:00::** - Pertains to either the left or right half of a body. This is not relevant to the context.

4. **sense_key=side%1:15:00::** - Relates to a surface forming part of the outside of an object. This doesn't fit the context.

5. **sense_key=side%1:06:00::** - Refers to an extended outer surface of an object. Not relevant here.

6. **sense_key=side%1:09:00::** - Concerns an aspect of something. While this is a broad sense, it's less directly related to contesting groups or viewpoints than another sense.

7. **sense_key=side%1:15:01::** - Relates to a line segment forming part of the perimeter of a plane figure. Not relevant.

8. **sense_key=side%1:14:01::** - Refers to a family line of descent. Not applicable.

9. **sense_key=side%1:13:00::** - Concerns a lengthwise dressed half of an animal's carcass. Not relevant.

10. **sense_key=side%1:10:00::** - Refers to an opinion held in opposition to another in an argument or dispute. This is a plausible sense as it relates to differing viewpoints.

11. **sense_key=side%1:17:01::** - Relates to an elevated geological formation. Not relevant.

12. **sense_key=side%1:11:00::** - Concerns the spin given to a ball in sports. Not applicable.

Given the context, both **sense_key=side%1:14:00::** (one of two or more contesting groups) and **sense_key=side%1:10:00::** (an opinion that is held in opposition to another) could potentially fit. However, the sentence specifically refers to "the Left and the Right," which are contesting or differing groups, making **sense_key=side%1:14:00::** a very suitable choice.

The best indexed sense for "sides" in this context is therefore **2**, corresponding to "one of two or more contesting groups."

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: burden
Target surface form: burden
Context:
But it is only rarely analyzed from the economic viewpoint. There is a lot of consensus between the Left and the Right on this subject. On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a country with 2 million of foreign workers," and on the Left by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that France "can not accommodate all the world's misery." The only difference, the degree of generosity In 2005, the fear of invasion of the national territory by hordes of Polish plumbers was felt both on the Left and on the Right. Both sides see immigrants as a <t>burden</t> on the French economy and on French society. The only difference resides in the degree of generosity, which one deigns to grant to immigrants.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=burden%1:09:01:: | definition=an onerous or difficult concern | synonyms=load, encumbrance, incumbrance, onus | examples=the burden of responsibility; that's a load off my mind
2. sense_key=burden%1:06:01:: | definition=weight to be borne or conveyed | synonyms=load, loading
3. sense_key=burden%1:10:00:: | definition=the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work | synonyms=effect, essence, core, gist
4. sense_key=burden%1:09:00:: | definition=the central idea that is expanded in a document or discourse

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "burden" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses the perception of immigrants by both the Left and the Right political factions in France, highlighting that despite their differences, both view immigrants as a "burden" on the French economy and society.

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The word "burden" here is used to convey the idea that immigrants are seen as a weight or a problem that the French economy and society have to deal with.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1**: "an onerous or difficult concern" with synonyms like load, encumbrance, incumbrance, onus. The example given is "the burden of responsibility; that's a load off my mind." This sense fits the context as it implies that immigrants are viewed as a significant, difficult concern or problem.
   - **Sense 2**: "weight to be borne or conveyed" with synonyms like load, loading. While this is a literal or physical interpretation, it could metaphorically apply to the context of economic and societal strain.
   - **Sense 3** and **Sense 4**: Both relate to the central idea or theme of a speech, literary work, or document. These do not directly apply to the context of viewing immigrants as a problem or strain.

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - The context clearly indicates that "burden" is used to signify that immigrants are perceived as a problem or strain on the economy and society.
   - **Sense 1** ("an onerous or difficult concern") directly aligns with this interpretation, as it signifies a problem or a significant responsibility.
   - The use of synonyms like "load," "encumbrance," and "onus" further supports this choice, as they convey the idea of something being a weight or a difficulty.

5. **Conclusion**: The most appropriate sense for "burden" in the given context is **Sense 1**, as it accurately reflects the notion that immigrants are seen as a significant problem or strain.

Therefore, the best indexed sense is 1.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: economy
Target surface form: economy
Context:
But it is only rarely analyzed from the economic viewpoint. There is a lot of consensus between the Left and the Right on this subject. On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a country with 2 million of foreign workers," and on the Left by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that France "can not accommodate all the world's misery." The only difference, the degree of generosity In 2005, the fear of invasion of the national territory by hordes of Polish plumbers was felt both on the Left and on the Right. Both sides see immigrants as a burden on the French <t>economy</t> and on French society. The only difference resides in the degree of generosity, which one deigns to grant to immigrants.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=economy%1:14:00:: | definition=the system of production and distribution and consumption | synonyms=economic system
2. sense_key=economy%1:09:01:: | definition=the efficient use of resources | examples=economy of effort
3. sense_key=economy%1:07:00:: | definition=frugality in the expenditure of money or resources | synonyms=thriftiness | examples=the Scots are famous for their economy
4. sense_key=economy%1:04:00:: | definition=an act of economizing; reduction in cost | synonyms=saving | examples=it was a small economy to walk to work every day; there was a saving of 50 cents

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: society
Target surface form: society
Context:
But it is only rarely analyzed from the economic viewpoint. There is a lot of consensus between the Left and the Right on this subject. On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a country with 2 million of foreign workers," and on the Left by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that France "can not accommodate all the world's misery." The only difference, the degree of generosity In 2005, the fear of invasion of the national territory by hordes of Polish plumbers was felt both on the Left and on the Right. Both sides see immigrants as a burden on the French economy and on French <t>society</t>. The only difference resides in the degree of generosity, which one deigns to grant to immigrants.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=society%1:14:00:: | definition=an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization
2. sense_key=society%1:14:01:: | definition=a formal association of people with similar interests | synonyms=club, social club, guild, gild, lodge, order | examples=he joined a golf club; they formed a small lunch society
3. sense_key=society%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being with someone | synonyms=company, companionship, fellowship | examples=he missed their company; he enjoyed the society of his friends
4. sense_key=society%1:14:02:: | definition=the fashionable elite | synonyms=high society, beau monde, smart set, bon ton

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: difference
Target surface form: difference
Context:
There is a lot of consensus between the Left and the Right on this subject. On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a country with 2 million of foreign workers," and on the Left by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that France "can not accommodate all the world's misery." The only difference, the degree of generosity In 2005, the fear of invasion of the national territory by hordes of Polish plumbers was felt both on the Left and on the Right. Both sides see immigrants as a burden on the French economy and on French society. The only <t>difference</t> resides in the degree of generosity, which one deigns to grant to immigrants. In his program, François Hollande confines himself to banalities, saying that co-development would allow our immigration problem to be solved."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=difference%1:07:00:: | definition=the quality of being unlike or dissimilar | examples=there are many differences between jazz and rock
2. sense_key=difference%1:11:00:: | definition=a variation that deviates from the standard or norm | synonyms=deviation, divergence, departure | examples=the deviation from the mean
3. sense_key=difference%1:10:00:: | definition=a disagreement or argument about something important | synonyms=dispute, difference of opinion, conflict | examples=he had a dispute with his wife; there were irreconcilable differences
4. sense_key=difference%1:24:00:: | definition=a significant change | examples=the difference in her is amazing; his support made a real difference
5. sense_key=difference%1:23:00:: | definition=the number that remains after subtraction; the number that when added to the subtrahend gives the minuend | synonyms=remainder

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "difference" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses the views of the Left and the Right on immigration in France, highlighting that despite differences in tone or degree of generosity, both sides view immigrants as a burden. The sentence with the target word is: "The only difference resides in the degree of generosity, which one deigns to grant to immigrants."

2. **Understanding the Target Word's Context**: The target word "difference" is used to indicate a distinction or variation between the Left and the Right regarding their approach or attitude towards immigrants, specifically in terms of the "degree of generosity."

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. sense_key=difference%1:07:00::**: This sense refers to "the quality of being unlike or dissimilar." The example given is "there are many differences between jazz and rock." The context provided fits this definition as it talks about the dissimilarity between the Left and the Right's approach to immigrants.
   - **2. sense_key=difference%1:11:00::**: This defines "a variation that deviates from the standard or norm." While this could potentially apply, the context doesn't explicitly mention a standard or norm that is being deviated from; it simply states a difference.
   - **3. sense_key=difference%1:10:00::**: This refers to "a disagreement or argument about something important." The context doesn't indicate a disagreement or argument but rather a nuanced difference in approach.
   - **4. sense_key=difference%1:24:00::**: This is "a significant change." The passage doesn't discuss a change over time but rather a static difference between two entities.
   - **5. sense_key=difference%1:23:00::**: This sense is related to a mathematical operation (subtraction), which is not relevant to the context.

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - The context indicates that "difference" is used to highlight the distinction or dissimilarity between two groups (the Left and the Right) regarding their degree of generosity towards immigrants.
   - The first sense ("the quality of being unlike or dissimilar") fits this usage perfectly as it directly addresses the concept of dissimilarity or distinction between entities.

5. **Conclusion**: The best indexed sense for "difference" in the given context is the first one, which corresponds to **1**.

Therefore, the response in the required JSON format is: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: degree
Target surface form: degree
Context:
There is a lot of consensus between the Left and the Right on this subject. On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a country with 2 million of foreign workers," and on the Left by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that France "can not accommodate all the world's misery." The only difference, the degree of generosity In 2005, the fear of invasion of the national territory by hordes of Polish plumbers was felt both on the Left and on the Right. Both sides see immigrants as a burden on the French economy and on French society. The only difference resides in the <t>degree</t> of generosity, which one deigns to grant to immigrants. In his program, François Hollande confines himself to banalities, saying that co-development would allow our immigration problem to be solved."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=degree%1:07:00:: | definition=a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality | synonyms=grade, level | examples=a moderate grade of intelligence; a high level of care is required
2. sense_key=degree%1:26:01:: | definition=a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process | synonyms=level, stage, point | examples=a remarkable degree of frankness; at what stage are the social sciences?
3. sense_key=degree%1:10:00:: | definition=an award conferred by a college or university signifying that the recipient has satisfactorily completed a course of study | synonyms=academic degree | examples=he earned his degree at Princeton summa cum laude
4. sense_key=degree%1:23:00:: | definition=a measure for arcs and angles | synonyms=arcdegree | examples=there are 360 degrees in a circle
5. sense_key=degree%1:09:00:: | definition=the highest power of a term or variable
6. sense_key=degree%1:23:03:: | definition=a unit of temperature on a specified scale | examples=the game was played in spite of the 40-degree temperature
7. sense_key=degree%1:07:01:: | definition=the seriousness of something (e.g., a burn or crime) | examples=murder in the second degree; a second degree burn

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: generosity
Target surface form: generosity
Context:
There is a lot of consensus between the Left and the Right on this subject. On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a country with 2 million of foreign workers," and on the Left by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that France "can not accommodate all the world's misery." The only difference, the degree of generosity In 2005, the fear of invasion of the national territory by hordes of Polish plumbers was felt both on the Left and on the Right. Both sides see immigrants as a burden on the French economy and on French society. The only difference resides in the degree of <t>generosity</t>, which one deigns to grant to immigrants. In his program, François Hollande confines himself to banalities, saying that co-development would allow our immigration problem to be solved."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=generosity%1:07:00:: | definition=the trait of being willing to give your money or time | synonyms=generousness
2. sense_key=generosity%1:04:00:: | definition=acting generously | synonyms=unselfishness

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "generosity" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses the political views of the Left and the Right in France regarding immigration. It highlights that despite some differences, both sides view immigrants as a burden. The degree of "generosity" is mentioned as the point of difference, specifically in how much one is willing to grant or offer to immigrants.

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The word "generosity" is used in the context of how much the political sides are willing to offer or grant to immigrants. This implies a discussion about the willingness to give or provide something ( possibly rights, benefits, or acceptance) to immigrants.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1**: `generosity%1:07:00::` is defined as "the trait of being willing to give your money or time" with synonyms like "generousness". This sense focuses on the quality or trait of being generous.
   - **Sense 2**: `generosity%1:04:00::` is defined as "acting generously" with a synonym "unselfishness". This sense is about the act of being generous.

4. **Applying Context to Candidate Senses**:
   - The context is discussing the degree to which the political sides are willing to be generous towards immigrants. It is not directly about the act of being generous (Sense 2) but rather about the extent or quality of their willingness to be generous.
   - The discussion revolves around the trait or quality of being willing to give or grant something to immigrants, which aligns more closely with the definition of Sense 1.

5. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - Given that the context is about the degree or quality of being willing to grant something to immigrants, **Sense 1** ("the trait of being willing to give your money or time") is the most appropriate. It captures the idea of a disposition or trait towards generosity.

6. **Returning the Answer**:
   - The first sense is indexed as 1.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "generosity" in the given context is Sense 1.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: program
Target surface form: program
Context:
On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a country with 2 million of foreign workers," and on the Left by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that France "can not accommodate all the world's misery." The only difference, the degree of generosity In 2005, the fear of invasion of the national territory by hordes of Polish plumbers was felt both on the Left and on the Right. Both sides see immigrants as a burden on the French economy and on French society. The only difference resides in the degree of generosity, which one deigns to grant to immigrants. In his <t>program</t>, François Hollande confines himself to banalities, saying that co-development would allow our immigration problem to be solved." This notion of immigration being a burden and a problem, may be an electoral asset, but it is economically very costly.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=program%1:09:00:: | definition=a series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished | synonyms=plan, programme | examples=they drew up a six-step plan; they discussed plans for a new bond issue
2. sense_key=program%1:09:01:: | definition=a system of projects or services intended to meet a public need | synonyms=programme | examples=he proposed an elaborate program of public works; working mothers rely on the day care program
3. sense_key=program%1:10:01:: | definition=a radio or television show | synonyms=broadcast, programme | examples=did you see his program last night?
4. sense_key=program%1:10:04:: | definition=a document stating the aims and principles of a political party | synonyms=platform, political platform, political program | examples=their candidate simply ignored the party platform; they won the election even though they offered no positive program
5. sense_key=program%1:10:00:: | definition=an announcement of the events that will occur as part of a theatrical or sporting event | synonyms=programme | examples=you can't tell the players without a program
6. sense_key=program%1:10:05:: | definition=an integrated course of academic studies | synonyms=course of study, programme, curriculum, syllabus | examples=he was admitted to a new program at the university
7. sense_key=program%1:10:02:: | definition=(computer science) a sequence of instructions that a computer can interpret and execute | synonyms=programme, computer program, computer programme | examples=the program required several hundred lines of code
8. sense_key=program%1:04:00:: | definition=a performance (or series of performances) at a public presentation | synonyms=programme | examples=the program lasted more than two hours

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "program" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context is discussing political figures and their stances on immigration, specifically mentioning François Hollande and his "program." The sentence implies that Hollande's program contains his proposals or policies regarding immigration.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. A series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished.
2. A system of projects or services intended to meet a public need.
3. A radio or television show.
4. A document stating the aims and principles of a political party.
5. An announcement of the events that will occur as part of a theatrical or sporting event.
6. An integrated course of academic studies.
7. A sequence of instructions that a computer can interpret and execute.
8. A performance (or series of performances) at a public presentation.

The context is political, and it refers to François Hollande's proposals or policies. Senses 1 and 4 are closely related to this context. Sense 1 refers to a "series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished," which could apply to a political program. Sense 4 directly refers to "a document stating the aims and principles of a political party," which is also highly relevant.

Between these, Sense 4 is more specific to the context of a political party's or candidate's platform, which is what is being discussed. The examples provided for Sense 4, such as "their candidate simply ignored the party platform; they won the election even though they offered no positive program," directly relate to political campaigns and parties.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "program" in this context is Sense 4.

{"sense_index": 4}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: problem
Target surface form: problem
Context:
On the Right, the tone was set by Jacques Chirac, who declared in 1976 that "900,000 unemployed would not become a problem in a country with 2 million of foreign workers," and on the Left by Michel Rocard explaining in 1990 that France "can not accommodate all the world's misery." The only difference, the degree of generosity In 2005, the fear of invasion of the national territory by hordes of Polish plumbers was felt both on the Left and on the Right. Both sides see immigrants as a burden on the French economy and on French society. The only difference resides in the degree of generosity, which one deigns to grant to immigrants. In his program, François Hollande confines himself to banalities, saying that co-development would allow our immigration <t>problem</t> to be solved." This notion of immigration being a burden and a problem, may be an electoral asset, but it is economically very costly.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=problem%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved | synonyms=job | examples=she and her husband are having problems; it is always a job to contact him
2. sense_key=problem%1:10:00:: | definition=a question raised for consideration or solution | examples=our homework consisted of ten problems to solve
3. sense_key=problem%1:09:00:: | definition=a source of difficulty | synonyms=trouble | examples=one trouble after another delayed the job; what's the problem?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "problem" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context discusses the perception of immigrants as a burden on the French economy and society, with the phrase "immigration problem" being used. The discussion revolves around how different political figures and sides view immigration and its impact.

1. The first candidate sense defines "problem" as "a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved" with synonyms like "job" and examples such as "she and her husband are having problems." This sense implies an ongoing issue or situation that is challenging.

2. The second sense defines it as "a question raised for consideration or solution" with examples like "our homework consisted of ten problems to solve." This implies a more abstract or mathematical/logical challenge.

3. The third sense defines "problem" as "a source of difficulty" with a synonym "trouble" and examples like "one trouble after another delayed the job; what's the problem?" This sense focuses on the origin or cause of a difficulty.

In the given context, "immigration problem" is discussed as something to be "solved" according to François Hollande's program, suggesting it is viewed as a challenge or difficulty. The term is not used to denote a mathematical or logical question (ruling out sense 2), nor is it directly implying an ongoing relational issue as in sense 1. Instead, it refers to immigration as a perceived source of difficulty or trouble for the French economy and society.

Therefore, the most fitting sense is the third one, as it directly relates to viewing immigration as a "source of difficulty" or "trouble," aligning with the context's discussion on the negative perception of immigration.

{"sense_index": 3}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: notion
Target surface form: notion
Context:
The only difference, the degree of generosity In 2005, the fear of invasion of the national territory by hordes of Polish plumbers was felt both on the Left and on the Right. Both sides see immigrants as a burden on the French economy and on French society. The only difference resides in the degree of generosity, which one deigns to grant to immigrants. In his program, François Hollande confines himself to banalities, saying that co-development would allow our immigration problem to be solved." This <t>notion</t> of immigration being a burden and a problem, may be an electoral asset, but it is economically very costly. As the economists Ian Goldin and Geoffrey Cameron, remind us in a recent book summarising the most recent knowledge of immigration (Exceptional People: How Migration Shaped Our World and Will Define Our Future, mai 2011, Princeton University Press, 352 pp.), there is wide consensus among specialists on the positive impact of migration flows on economic growth, wages and employment in countries, which admit immigrants.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=notion%1:09:02:: | definition=a vague idea in which some confidence is placed | synonyms=impression, feeling, belief, opinion | examples=his impression of her was favorable; what are your feelings about the crisis?
2. sense_key=notion%1:09:00:: | definition=a general inclusive concept
3. sense_key=notion%1:09:01:: | definition=an odd or fanciful or capricious idea | synonyms=whim, whimsy, whimsey | examples=the theatrical notion of disguise is associated with disaster in his stories; he had a whimsy about flying to the moon
4. sense_key=notion%1:06:00:: | definition=(usually plural) small personal articles or clothing or sewing items | examples=buttons and needles are notions

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "notion" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context discusses the concept of immigration being viewed as a burden and a problem, referencing it as an idea or belief held by certain groups or individuals. The sentence specifically mentions "This notion of immigration being a burden and a problem, may be an electoral asset, but it is economically very costly."

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. **sense_key=notion%1:09:02::** - This sense refers to "a vague idea in which some confidence is placed." The synonyms include "impression, feeling, belief, opinion." The context fits this description because "notion" here refers to the idea or belief that immigration is a burden and a problem. The examples given, such as "his impression of her was favorable" and "what are your feelings about the crisis?" illustrate how an idea or belief about something is being discussed, similar to how "notion" is used in the context.

2. **sense_key=notion%1:09:00::** - This sense is defined as "a general inclusive concept." While this could potentially fit the context, it's more abstract and doesn't directly convey the idea of a specific belief or opinion about immigration.

3. **sense_key=notion%1:09:01::** - This refers to "an odd or fanciful or capricious idea." The synonyms are "whim, whimsy, whimsey." The context doesn't suggest that the idea of immigration being a burden is odd, fanciful, or capricious; it's presented as a serious belief or political stance.

4. **sense_key=notion%1:06:00::** - This sense refers to "(usually plural) small personal articles or clothing or sewing items." The example given is "buttons and needles are notions." This clearly doesn't fit the context, as "notion" is used to refer to an idea, not a physical item.

Given the context and the definitions, the best fit for "notion" is the first sense, which describes it as "a vague idea in which some confidence is placed." The use of "notion" in the text aligns with this definition, as it refers to the belief or idea that immigration is a burden and a problem.

Therefore, the best indexed sense is 1.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: burden
Target surface form: burden
Context:
The only difference, the degree of generosity In 2005, the fear of invasion of the national territory by hordes of Polish plumbers was felt both on the Left and on the Right. Both sides see immigrants as a burden on the French economy and on French society. The only difference resides in the degree of generosity, which one deigns to grant to immigrants. In his program, François Hollande confines himself to banalities, saying that co-development would allow our immigration problem to be solved." This notion of immigration being a <t>burden</t> and a problem, may be an electoral asset, but it is economically very costly. As the economists Ian Goldin and Geoffrey Cameron, remind us in a recent book summarising the most recent knowledge of immigration (Exceptional People: How Migration Shaped Our World and Will Define Our Future, mai 2011, Princeton University Press, 352 pp.), there is wide consensus among specialists on the positive impact of migration flows on economic growth, wages and employment in countries, which admit immigrants.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=burden%1:09:01:: | definition=an onerous or difficult concern | synonyms=load, encumbrance, incumbrance, onus | examples=the burden of responsibility; that's a load off my mind
2. sense_key=burden%1:06:01:: | definition=weight to be borne or conveyed | synonyms=load, loading
3. sense_key=burden%1:10:00:: | definition=the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work | synonyms=effect, essence, core, gist
4. sense_key=burden%1:09:00:: | definition=the central idea that is expanded in a document or discourse

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: problem
Target surface form: problem
Context:
The only difference, the degree of generosity In 2005, the fear of invasion of the national territory by hordes of Polish plumbers was felt both on the Left and on the Right. Both sides see immigrants as a burden on the French economy and on French society. The only difference resides in the degree of generosity, which one deigns to grant to immigrants. In his program, François Hollande confines himself to banalities, saying that co-development would allow our immigration problem to be solved." This notion of immigration being a burden and a <t>problem</t>, may be an electoral asset, but it is economically very costly. As the economists Ian Goldin and Geoffrey Cameron, remind us in a recent book summarising the most recent knowledge of immigration (Exceptional People: How Migration Shaped Our World and Will Define Our Future, mai 2011, Princeton University Press, 352 pp.), there is wide consensus among specialists on the positive impact of migration flows on economic growth, wages and employment in countries, which admit immigrants.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=problem%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved | synonyms=job | examples=she and her husband are having problems; it is always a job to contact him
2. sense_key=problem%1:10:00:: | definition=a question raised for consideration or solution | examples=our homework consisted of ten problems to solve
3. sense_key=problem%1:09:00:: | definition=a source of difficulty | synonyms=trouble | examples=one trouble after another delayed the job; what's the problem?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "problem" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context discusses the perception of immigration as a burden and a problem by both sides of the political spectrum in France. It then contrasts this perception with the views of economists who see immigration as having a positive impact on economic growth, wages, and employment.

1. The first candidate sense defines "problem" as "a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved" with synonyms like "job" and examples such as "she and her husband are having problems." This sense implies an ongoing issue or situation that is challenging.

2. The second sense defines "problem" as "a question raised for consideration or solution," typically in an academic or puzzle context, with examples like "our homework consisted of ten problems to solve." This sense is more related to a specific task or question that requires a solution.

3. The third sense defines "problem" as "a source of difficulty" with a synonym like "trouble" and examples such as "one trouble after another delayed the job; what's the problem?" This sense indicates something or someone that causes difficulty.

Given the context, "immigration" is being viewed as a challenge or an issue that both sides of the political spectrum perceive negatively. The text does not imply that immigration is being considered as a specific question to be solved in an academic or puzzle context (sense 2). Instead, it is seen as a perceived difficulty or challenge (a state of difficulty or a source of difficulty).

Between senses 1 and 3, both could potentially fit. However, sense 1 ("a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved") is more about the condition or situation of having problems, and it is often used in the plural form ("problems"). Sense 3 ("a source of difficulty") directly indicates that something (in this case, "immigration") is viewed as causing trouble or difficulty.

The context suggests that "immigration" is being regarded as a source of difficulty or trouble by the political sides, which aligns more closely with sense 3. The use of "a problem" (singular) and the context of perceiving immigration as a burden and trouble supports this interpretation.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "problem" in the given context is sense 3.

{"sense_index": 3}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: book
Target surface form: book
Context:
In 2005, the fear of invasion of the national territory by hordes of Polish plumbers was felt both on the Left and on the Right. Both sides see immigrants as a burden on the French economy and on French society. The only difference resides in the degree of generosity, which one deigns to grant to immigrants. In his program, François Hollande confines himself to banalities, saying that co-development would allow our immigration problem to be solved." This notion of immigration being a burden and a problem, may be an electoral asset, but it is economically very costly. As the economists Ian Goldin and Geoffrey Cameron, remind us in a recent <t>book</t> summarising the most recent knowledge of immigration (Exceptional People: How Migration Shaped Our World and Will Define Our Future, mai 2011, Princeton University Press, 352 pp.), there is wide consensus among specialists on the positive impact of migration flows on economic growth, wages and employment in countries, which admit immigrants. Restraining immigration leads to anaemic growth and harms employment.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=book%1:10:00:: | definition=a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together) | examples=I am reading a good book on economics
2. sense_key=book%1:06:00:: | definition=physical objects consisting of a number of pages bound together | synonyms=volume | examples=he used a large book as a doorstop
3. sense_key=book%1:10:02:: | definition=a compilation of the known facts regarding something or someone | synonyms=record, record book | examples=Al Smith used to say, `Let's look at the record'; his name is in all the record books
4. sense_key=book%1:10:01:: | definition=a written version of a play or other dramatic composition; used in preparing for a performance | synonyms=script, playscript
5. sense_key=book%1:21:00:: | definition=a record in which commercial accounts are recorded | synonyms=ledger, leger, account book, book of account | examples=they got a subpoena to examine our books
6. sense_key=book%1:14:01:: | definition=a collection of playing cards satisfying the rules of a card game
7. sense_key=book%1:14:00:: | definition=a collection of rules or prescribed standards on the basis of which decisions are made | synonyms=rule book | examples=they run things by the book around here
8. sense_key=book%1:10:05:: | definition=the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina | synonyms=Koran, Quran, al-Qur'an
9. sense_key=book%1:10:04:: | definition=the sacred writings of the Christian religions | synonyms=Bible, Christian Bible, Good Book, Holy Scripture, Holy Writ, Scripture | examples=he went to carry the Word to the heathen
10. sense_key=book%1:10:03:: | definition=a major division of a long written composition | examples=the book of Isaiah
11. sense_key=book%1:06:02:: | definition=a number of sheets (ticket or stamps etc.) bound together on one edge | examples=he bought a book of stamps

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.