[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: service
Target surface form: service
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening <t>service</t>. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=service%1:04:08:: | definition=work done by one person or group that benefits another | examples=budget separately for goods and services
2. sense_key=service%1:04:00:: | definition=an act of help or assistance | examples=he did them a service
3. sense_key=service%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of public worship following prescribed rules | synonyms=religious service, divine service | examples=the Sunday service
4. sense_key=service%1:14:05:: | definition=a company or agency that performs a public service; subject to government regulation
5. sense_key=service%1:04:07:: | definition=employment in or work for another | examples=he retired after 30 years of service
6. sense_key=service%1:14:00:: | definition=a force that is a branch of the armed forces | synonyms=military service, armed service
7. sense_key=service%1:18:00:: | definition=Canadian writer (born in England) who wrote about life in the Yukon Territory (1874-1958) | synonyms=Robert William Service
8. sense_key=service%1:07:00:: | definition=a means of serving | synonyms=avail, help | examples=of no avail; there's no help for it
9. sense_key=service%1:06:00:: | definition=tableware consisting of a complete set of articles (silver or dishware) for use at table | synonyms=table service
10. sense_key=service%1:04:03:: | definition=the act of mating by male animals | synonyms=servicing | examples=the bull was worth good money in servicing fees
11. sense_key=service%1:04:09:: | definition=(law) the acts performed by an English feudal tenant for the benefit of his lord which formed the consideration for the property granted to him
12. sense_key=service%1:04:02:: | definition=(sports) a stroke that puts the ball in play | synonyms=serve | examples=his powerful serves won the game
13. sense_key=service%1:04:04:: | definition=the act of delivering a writ or summons upon someone | synonyms=serving, service of process | examples=he accepted service of the subpoena
14. sense_key=service%1:04:05:: | definition=periodic maintenance on a car or machine | synonyms=overhaul, inspection and repair | examples=it was time for an overhaul on the tractor
15. sense_key=service%1:04:06:: | definition=the performance of duties by a waiter or servant | examples=that restaurant has excellent service

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: now
Target surface form: Now
Context:
Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. <t>Now</t>, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=now%4:02:05:: | definition=in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events | examples=President Kennedy now calls in the National Guard; Washington now decides to cross the Delaware
2. sense_key=now%4:02:00:: | definition=in these times; - Nancy Mitford | synonyms=nowadays, today | examples=it is solely by their language that the upper classes nowadays are distinguished; we now rarely see horse-drawn vehicles on city streets
3. sense_key=now%4:02:02:: | definition=used to preface a command or reproof or request | examples=now hear this!; now pay attention
4. sense_key=now%4:02:04:: | definition=at the present moment | synonyms=at present | examples=goods now on sale; the now-aging dictator
5. sense_key=now%4:02:01:: | definition=without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening | synonyms=immediately, instantly, straightaway, straight off, directly, right away | examples=he answered immediately; found an answer straightaway
6. sense_key=now%4:02:07:: | definition=(prefatory or transitional) indicates a change of subject or activity | examples=Now the next problem is...
7. sense_key=now%4:02:06:: | definition=in the immediate past | examples=told me just now

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "Now" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The sentence is: "Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond."

1. The first sense refers to "in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events." The context doesn't fit well as it's not narrating a series of past events in a historical present context.

2. The second sense is "in these times; nowadays." While this could potentially fit as it discusses a current state, the sentence is more about a contrast or a current situation rather than a general statement about the times.

3. The third sense is "used to preface a command or reproof or request." The word "Now" here is used to draw attention to the statement that follows, which could be seen as a mild command or a significant piece of information.

4. The fourth sense is "at the present moment." This fits as the sentence discusses the current state of the number of local ringers.

5. The fifth sense implies "without delay or hesitation." The context doesn't directly suggest urgency or immediacy.

6. The sixth sense is "(prefatory or transitional) indicates a change of subject or activity." The use of "Now" here could indicate a transition or a shift in the narrative, moving from describing the scene and the history to the current state of affairs.

7. The seventh sense refers to "in the immediate past." The context doesn't fit as "Now" is not indicating something happened just before.

Given the context, "Now" is used to indicate a transition or a contrast to what has been described before, highlighting the current situation. It is not directly commanding or reproving, nor is it solely indicating the present moment or the immediate past. The closest fit is that it is used to indicate a change or transition in the narrative, which aligns with sense 6.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "Now" in this context is 6.

{"sense_index": 6}

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: only
Target surface form: only
Context:
Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, <t>only</t> one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=only%4:02:02:: | definition=and nothing more | synonyms=merely, simply, just, but | examples=I was merely asking; it is simply a matter of time
2. sense_key=only%4:02:01:: | definition=without any others being included or involved | synonyms=entirely, exclusively, solely, alone | examples=was entirely to blame; a school devoted entirely to the needs of problem children
3. sense_key=only%4:02:00:: | definition=with nevertheless the final result | examples=He arrived only to find his wife dead; We won only to lose again in the next round
4. sense_key=only%4:02:04:: | definition=in the final outcome | examples=These news will only make you more upset
5. sense_key=only%4:02:06:: | definition=except that | examples=It was the same story; only this time she came out better
6. sense_key=only%4:02:03:: | definition=never except when | synonyms=only if, only when | examples=call me only if your cold gets worse
7. sense_key=only%4:02:05:: | definition=as recently as | examples=I spoke to him only an hour ago

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "only" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The sentence is: "Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond."

Here, "only" is used to indicate that there is just one local ringer left, emphasizing the exclusivity or the singular nature of the remaining ringer.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. "and nothing more" - This sense suggests that something is merely or simply the case. While it could fit grammatically, it doesn't perfectly capture the nuance of exclusivity or singularity in this context.

2. "without any others being included or involved" - This sense implies exclusivity or that something is the sole instance. The sentence implies that Derek Hammond is the sole remaining local ringer, which aligns with this definition.

3. "with nevertheless the final result" - This doesn't fit the context as the sentence isn't discussing a result or outcome in the sense of something happening despite other factors.

4. "in the final outcome" - This sense doesn't directly apply as the sentence is stating a current fact rather than discussing a final outcome of a process.

5. "except that" - This is used to introduce a contrasting fact, which isn't the case here.

6. "never except when" - This implies a condition, which isn't relevant to the statement about Derek Hammond.

7. "as recently as" - This sense is used to indicate a recent time, which doesn't fit the context.

Given the context and the definitions, the use of "only" here best aligns with sense 2, "without any others being included or involved," as it signifies that Derek Hammond is the sole local ringer remaining. The synonyms for this sense, such as "entirely," "exclusively," "solely," and "alone," support this interpretation.

Thus, the best indexed sense for "only" in the given context is 2.

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: local
Target surface form: local
Context:
Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one <t>local</t> ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=local%3:00:01:: | definition=relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area | examples=local taxes; local authorities
2. sense_key=local%3:01:01:: | definition=of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood | examples=local customs; local schools
3. sense_key=local%3:00:02:: | definition=affecting only a restricted part or area of the body | examples=local anesthesia

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "local" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context is about a rural English scene centered around a church, St. Michael and All Angels, where the tradition of bell ringing is discussed. The sentence with the target word "local" is: "Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond." Here, "local" is used to describe "ringer," indicating that Derek Hammond is a ringer from or associated with the locality of Aslacton, where the church is situated.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. The first sense refers to something related to the administration of a city, town, or district. While this could potentially relate to a geographical area, the context doesn't directly imply administrative functions or authorities.

2. The second sense is about something being of or belonging to a particular locality or neighborhood. The use of "local ringer" in the context suggests that Derek Hammond is associated with or belongs to the locality (Aslacton), fitting this definition. The term "local" here indicates that he is from or associated with the local community, as opposed to the other ringers who "live elsewhere."

3. The third sense pertains to a medical context, referring to something that affects a restricted part or area of the body, such as "local anesthesia." This is clearly not relevant to the context of bell ringing or the description of Derek Hammond.

Given the context and the definitions, the most appropriate sense of "local" is the second one, as it correctly captures the idea that Derek Hammond is a ringer associated with or belonging to the locality of Aslacton.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "local" is 2.

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: ringer
Target surface form: ringer
Context:
Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local <t>ringer</t> remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ringer%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation) | synonyms=toller, bell ringer
2. sense_key=ringer%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who is almost identical to another | synonyms=dead ringer, clone
3. sense_key=ringer%1:18:00:: | definition=a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses
4. sense_key=ringer%1:04:00:: | definition=(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "ringer" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage describes a scene in a rural English setting, focusing on an ancient stone church and its bell-ringing tradition. It mentions that the church once had its own "band" of ringers but now only has one local ringer remaining, Derek Hammond.

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The word "ringer" is the target. We need to understand its meaning in the context provided.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1**: "a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation)". This sense is directly related to the context provided, as the passage discusses church bells and the people ringing them.
   - **Sense 2**: "a person who is almost identical to another". This sense does not fit the context, as there's no discussion about someone being identical to another person.
   - **Sense 3**: "a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses". This sense is also not relevant, as there's no mention of a competition or someone entering under false pretenses.
   - **Sense 4**: "(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg". This sense is unrelated to the context, which is about church bells, not horseshoes.

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**: Based on the context, which is about church bells and the people who ring them, the most appropriate sense is the one related to "a person who rings church bells."

5. **Identifying the Correct Sense Index**: The sense related to "a person who rings church bells" is listed as **Sense 1**.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "ringer" in the given context is **1**.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: remain
Target surface form: remains
Context:
Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer <t>remains</t>: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=remain%2:30:00:: | definition=stay the same; remain in a certain state | synonyms=stay, rest | examples=The dress remained wet after repeated attempts to dry it; rest assured
2. sense_key=remain%2:42:03:: | definition=continue in a place, position, or situation | synonyms=stay, stay on, continue | examples=After graduation, she stayed on in Cambridge as a student adviser; Stay with me, please
3. sense_key=remain%2:42:05:: | definition=be left; of persons, questions, problems, results, evidence, etc. | examples=There remains the question of who pulled the trigger; Carter remains the only President in recent history under whose Presidency the U.S. did not fight a war
4. sense_key=remain%2:42:01:: | definition=stay behind | synonyms=persist, stay | examples=The smell stayed in the room; The hostility remained long after they made up

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "remains" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The sentence is: "Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond."

Here, "remains" is used to indicate that after some process or change (in this case, the dispersal or absence of other local ringers), Derek Hammond is the only local ringer left.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. The first sense is "stay the same; remain in a certain state." The context doesn't indicate that Derek Hammond is staying the same or remaining in a certain state; it's about his existence or presence being the only one left.

2. The second sense is "continue in a place, position, or situation." While this could superficially fit because Derek Hammond continues to be a ringer, the emphasis is on him being the last one left, not necessarily continuing in the same role or place in the sense of persisting over time in the same condition.

3. The third sense is "be left; of persons, questions, problems, results, evidence, etc." This fits well because Derek Hammond is described as the only local ringer "left" after others have stopped being local ringers.

4. The fourth sense is "stay behind." While this could be interpreted to fit because Derek Hammond stayed behind when others left, the primary focus is on the fact that he is the only one left, not necessarily that he actively stayed behind.

Given the context and the examples provided, the most suitable sense is the third one: "be left; of persons, questions, problems, results, evidence, etc." This is because the sentence emphasizes that Derek Hammond is the only local ringer left after the others have gone.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "remains" in this context is 3.

{"sense_index": 3}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: here
Target surface form: here
Context:
The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others <t>here</t> today live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=here%4:02:00:: | definition=in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is | examples=I work here; turn here
2. sense_key=here%4:02:02:: | definition=in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail | examples=what do we have here?; here I must disagree
3. sense_key=here%4:02:01:: | definition=to this place (especially toward the speaker) | synonyms=hither | examples=come here, please
4. sense_key=here%4:02:04:: | definition=at this time; now | examples=we'll adjourn here for lunch and discuss the remaining issues this afternoon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "here" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The target sentence is: "The others here today live elsewhere."

From the context, it's clear that "here" refers to the location where the event (likely a church service or bell-ringing event) is taking place. The sentence is discussing the people who are present at this event.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. "in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is" - This sense fits well because "here" is used to indicate the location of the people being referred to, which is the same location as the event being discussed.

2. "in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail" - This sense doesn't fit as well because the context is discussing physical presence at an event, not a circumstance or detail.

3. "to this place (especially toward the speaker)" - This sense implies movement towards the location, which is not the meaning conveyed by "here" in the target sentence.

4. "at this time; now" - While "today" is used in the sentence, "here" is not being used to indicate time; it's indicating location.

Given the context and the examples provided, the best fit for "here" is the first sense: "in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is." This is because "here" is used to refer to the location of the event being discussed.

Therefore, the best indexed sense is 1.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: today
Target surface form: today
Context:
The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here <t>today</t> live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=today%1:28:00:: | definition=the present time or age | examples=the world of today; today we have computers
2. sense_key=today%1:28:01:: | definition=the day that includes the present moment (as opposed to yesterday or tomorrow) | examples=Today is beautiful; did you see today's newspaper?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "today" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information.

The context discusses the current state of bell-ringing in a specific church, contrasting the past with the present. It mentions that the ringers "here today" live elsewhere, implying that they are present or available on this particular day.

The two candidate senses for "today" are:
1. The present time or age.
2. The day that includes the present moment.

Let's examine the context and the examples given for each sense:
- The first sense refers to "the present time or age" with examples like "the world of today" and "today we have computers." This sense is more about the current era or period rather than a specific day.
- The second sense is about "the day that includes the present moment" with examples like "Today is beautiful" and "did you see today's newspaper?" This sense focuses on the specific day being referred to.

In the given context, the phrase "here today" is used to indicate that the ringers are present or available on this specific day (Sunday) to ring the bells, as opposed to living locally. The focus is on the fact that they are present on this particular day to perform their task, rather than discussing the broader present time or age.

Therefore, the usage aligns more closely with the second sense, which refers to "the day that includes the present moment."

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: live
Target surface form: live
Context:
The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today <t>live</t> elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=live%2:42:08:: | definition=inhabit or live in; be an inhabitant of | synonyms=populate, dwell, inhabit | examples=People lived in Africa millions of years ago; The people inhabited the islands that are now deserted
2. sense_key=live%2:42:06:: | definition=lead a certain kind of life; live in a certain style | examples=we had to live frugally after the war
3. sense_key=live%2:42:04:: | definition=continue to live through hardship or adversity | synonyms=survive, last, live on, go, endure, hold up | examples=We went without water and food for 3 days; These superstitions survive in the backwaters of America
4. sense_key=live%2:42:01:: | definition=support oneself | synonyms=exist, survive, subsist | examples=he could barely exist on such a low wage; Can you live on $2000 a month in New York City?
5. sense_key=live%2:42:00:: | definition=have life, be alive | synonyms=be | examples=Our great leader is no more; My grandfather lived until the end of war
6. sense_key=live%2:31:00:: | definition=have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations | synonyms=know, experience | examples=I know the feeling!; have you ever known hunger?
7. sense_key=live%2:42:07:: | definition=pursue a positive and satisfying existence | examples=You must accept yourself and others if you really want to live

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: group
Target surface form: group
Context:
In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere. They belong to a <t>group</t> of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia. "To ring for even one service at this tower, we have to scrape, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=group%1:03:00:: | definition=any number of entities (members) considered as a unit | synonyms=grouping
2. sense_key=group%1:27:00:: | definition=(chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule | synonyms=radical, chemical group
3. sense_key=group%1:09:00:: | definition=a set that is closed, associative, has an identity element and every element has an inverse | synonyms=mathematical group

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: ringer
Target surface form: ringers
Context:
In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 <t>ringers</t> -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia. "To ring for even one service at this tower, we have to scrape, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ringer%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation) | synonyms=toller, bell ringer
2. sense_key=ringer%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who is almost identical to another | synonyms=dead ringer, clone
3. sense_key=ringer%1:18:00:: | definition=a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses
4. sense_key=ringer%1:04:00:: | definition=(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: include
Target surface form: including
Context:
In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- <t>including</t> two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia. "To ring for even one service at this tower, we have to scrape, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=include%2:42:00:: | definition=have as a part, be made up out of | examples=The list includes the names of many famous writers
2. sense_key=include%2:31:00:: | definition=consider as part of something | examples=I include you in the list of culprits
3. sense_key=include%2:30:00:: | definition=add as part of something else; put in as part of a set, group, or category | examples=We must include this chemical element in the group
4. sense_key=include%2:41:03:: | definition=allow participation in or the right to be part of; permit to exercise the rights, functions, and responsibilities of | synonyms=admit, let in | examples=admit someone to the profession; She was admitted to the New Jersey Bar

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "including" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The sentence is: "They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia."

Here, "including" is used to introduce examples of the "group of 15 ringers." It indicates that the group is composed of, among others, "two octogenarians and four youngsters in training."

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. The first sense suggests that "include" means "have as a part, be made up out of." The example given is, "The list includes the names of many famous writers." This sense fits the context because the group "is made up out of" the mentioned individuals.

2. The second sense implies considering something as part of something else. The example is, "I include you in the list of culprits." This doesn't perfectly match the usage in the sentence, as "including" here doesn't imply an active consideration or judgment.

3. The third sense involves adding something as part of something else. The example is, "We must include this chemical element in the group." While this involves adding to a group, the context provided doesn't indicate an action of adding but rather describes the composition of the group.

4. The fourth sense is about allowing participation or granting a right to be part of something. The examples involve admitting someone to a profession or a bar. This doesn't match the context, as "including" here doesn't relate to granting rights or permissions.

Given the context and the examples, the usage of "including" best matches the first sense: "have as a part, be made up out of." The sentence describes the composition of the group of ringers, indicating that it is made up of, among others, two octogenarians and four youngsters.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "including" in this context is the first one.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: training
Target surface form: training
Context:
In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in <t>training</t> -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia. "To ring for even one service at this tower, we have to scrape, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=training%1:04:00:: | definition=activity leading to skilled behavior | synonyms=preparation, grooming
2. sense_key=training%1:07:00:: | definition=the result of good upbringing (especially knowledge of correct social behavior) | synonyms=education, breeding | examples=a woman of breeding and refinement

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "training" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses a group of bell ringers, including four youngsters who are in "training." The context is about learning and practicing the skill of bell ringing.

2. **Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1**: "activity leading to skilled behavior" with synonyms "preparation, grooming."
   - **Sense 2**: "the result of good upbringing (especially knowledge of correct social behavior)" with synonyms "education, breeding."

3. **Analysis of Senses**:
   - The first sense refers to the process or activity that leads to acquiring a skill. The context mentions "four youngsters in training," indicating that these youngsters are undergoing a process to learn bell ringing, which is a skilled behavior.
   - The second sense is related to the outcome of being well-brought-up, particularly in terms of social behavior. This doesn't directly relate to acquiring a specific skill like bell ringing.

4. **Choosing the Best Sense**:
   - Given that the context is about learning a specific skill (bell ringing), the most appropriate sense is the one related to "activity leading to skilled behavior."

5. **Indexed Sense Selection**:
   - The first sense provided corresponds to "training%1:04:00::" and matches the context of learning a skill.
   - Therefore, the best indexed sense for "training" in the given context is **1**.

The final answer is: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: drive
Target surface form: drive
Context:
In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who <t>drive</t> every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia. "To ring for even one service at this tower, we have to scrape, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=drive%2:38:01:: | definition=operate or control a vehicle | examples=drive a car or bus; Can you drive this four-wheel truck?
2. sense_key=drive%2:38:00:: | definition=travel or be transported in a vehicle | synonyms=motor | examples=We drove to the university every morning; They motored to London for the theater
3. sense_key=drive%2:38:02:: | definition=cause someone or something to move by driving | examples=She drove me to school every day; We drove the car to the garage
4. sense_key=drive%2:35:00:: | definition=force into or from an action or state, either physically or metaphorically | synonyms=force, ram | examples=She rammed her mind into focus; He drives me mad
5. sense_key=drive%2:41:02:: | definition=to compel or force or urge relentlessly or exert coercive pressure on, or motivate strongly | examples=She is driven by her passion
6. sense_key=drive%2:35:11:: | definition=cause to move back by force or influence | synonyms=repel, repulse, force back, push back, beat back | examples=repel the enemy; push back the urge to smoke
7. sense_key=drive%2:36:00:: | definition=compel somebody to do something, often against his own will or judgment | examples=She finally drove him to change jobs
8. sense_key=drive%2:35:07:: | definition=push, propel, or press with force | examples=Drive a nail into the wall
9. sense_key=drive%2:35:01:: | definition=cause to move rapidly by striking or throwing with force | examples=drive the ball far out into the field
10. sense_key=drive%2:41:00:: | definition=strive and make an effort to reach a goal | synonyms=tug, labor, labour, push | examples=She tugged for years to make a decent living; We have to push a little to make the deadline!
11. sense_key=drive%2:32:00:: | definition=move into a desired direction of discourse | synonyms=get, aim | examples=What are you driving at?
12. sense_key=drive%2:42:00:: | definition=have certain properties when driven | synonyms=ride | examples=This car rides smoothly; My new truck drives well
13. sense_key=drive%2:41:13:: | definition=work as a driver | examples=He drives a bread truck; She drives for the taxi company in Newark
14. sense_key=drive%2:38:09:: | definition=move by being propelled by a force | examples=The car drove around the corner
15. sense_key=drive%2:38:10:: | definition=urge forward | examples=drive the cows into the barn
16. sense_key=drive%2:38:11:: | definition=proceed along in a vehicle | synonyms=take | examples=We drive the turnpike to work
17. sense_key=drive%2:35:03:: | definition=strike with a driver, as in teeing off | examples=drive a golf ball
18. sense_key=drive%2:35:02:: | definition=hit very hard, as by swinging a bat horizontally | examples=drive a ball
19. sense_key=drive%2:35:06:: | definition=excavate horizontally | examples=drive a tunnel
20. sense_key=drive%2:34:07:: | definition=cause to function by supplying the force or power for or by controlling | examples=The amplifier drives the tube; steam drives the engines
21. sense_key=drive%2:33:01:: | definition=hunting: search for game | examples=drive the forest
22. sense_key=drive%2:33:00:: | definition=hunting: chase from cover into more open ground | examples=drive the game

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sunday
Target surface form: Sunday
Context:
In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every <t>Sunday</t> from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia. "To ring for even one service at this tower, we have to scrape, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sunday%1:28:00:: | definition=first day of the week; observed as a day of rest and worship by most Christians | synonyms=Lord's Day, Dominicus, Sun
2. sense_key=sunday%1:18:00:: | definition=United States evangelist (1862-1935) | synonyms=Billy Sunday, William Ashley Sunday

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: church
Target surface form: church
Context:
In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from <t>church</t> to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia. "To ring for even one service at this tower, we have to scrape, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=church%1:14:00:: | definition=one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship | synonyms=Christian church
2. sense_key=church%1:06:00:: | definition=a place for public (especially Christian) worship | synonyms=church building | examples=the church was empty
3. sense_key=church%1:04:00:: | definition=a service conducted in a house of worship | synonyms=church service | examples=don't be late for church
4. sense_key=church%1:14:01:: | definition=the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church | examples=our church is hosting a picnic next week

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "church" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses bell ringing in churches, specifically mentioning a group of ringers who travel from one church to another. The target sentence is "They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia."

2. **Understanding the Target Word's Context**: The phrase "from church to church" indicates movement between different locations where religious activities or services are held.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship**: This refers to a denomination or sect within Christianity. The context doesn't directly relate to different Christian denominations.
   - **2. a place for public (especially Christian) worship**: This definition refers to a physical building where people gather for worship. The phrase "from church to church" could imply traveling between these buildings.
   - **3. a service conducted in a house of worship**: This refers to the act or event of worship. While related, the phrase "from church to church" is more about locations than the services themselves, though it's closely related.
   - **4. the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church**: This definition focuses on the community or congregation. The context doesn't directly address the community aspect.

4. **Making a Decision**:
   - The phrase "from church to church" suggests physical locations.
   - Sense 2 ("a place for public (especially Christian) worship") fits this interpretation as it refers to the physical structure or location where worship occurs.
   - The context implies that the ringers are traveling between different physical locations (churches) to ring bells.

5. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**: Based on the analysis, the most appropriate sense is **2. a place for public (especially Christian) worship**, as it directly relates to the physical locations the ringers are traveling between.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for the target word "church" in the context is: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: church
Target surface form: church
Context:
In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to <t>church</t> in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia. "To ring for even one service at this tower, we have to scrape, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=church%1:14:00:: | definition=one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship | synonyms=Christian church
2. sense_key=church%1:06:00:: | definition=a place for public (especially Christian) worship | synonyms=church building | examples=the church was empty
3. sense_key=church%1:04:00:: | definition=a service conducted in a house of worship | synonyms=church service | examples=don't be late for church
4. sense_key=church%1:14:01:: | definition=the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church | examples=our church is hosting a picnic next week

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "church" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses bell ringing in churches, specifically mentioning that a group of ringers drive every Sunday from one location to another to keep the bells sounding in various belfries across East Anglia. The target sentence is "They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia."

2. **Understanding the Target Word's Context**: The phrase "from church to church" indicates movement between different locations where church activities or services might take place. The focus is on the physical locations or the act of traveling between them for the purpose of bell ringing.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship**: This refers to a denomination or a specific Christian group, which doesn't directly relate to the physical act of moving between locations.
   - **2. a place for public (especially Christian) worship**: This definition refers to a physical structure or building where worship occurs, aligning with the idea of moving between different locations (churches) for bell ringing.
   - **3. a service conducted in a house of worship**: This refers to the event or service happening within a church, not the physical location itself. While related, the context emphasizes the locations rather than the services.
   - **4. the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church**: This definition focuses on the community or congregation of a church, which is not directly related to the act of traveling between physical locations for bell ringing.

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - The phrase "from church to church" suggests a physical movement between different locations.
   - Sense **2. a place for public (especially Christian) worship** is the most relevant because it directly refers to the physical locations (church buildings) where the bell ringing occurs.

5. **Conclusion**: The best indexed sense for "church" in the given context is **2**.

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: effort
Target surface form: effort
Context:
In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting <t>effort</t> to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia. "To ring for even one service at this tower, we have to scrape, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=effort%1:04:00:: | definition=earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something | synonyms=attempt, endeavor, endeavour, try | examples=made an effort to cover all the reading material; wished him luck in his endeavor
2. sense_key=effort%1:04:01:: | definition=use of physical or mental energy; hard work | synonyms=elbow grease, exertion, travail, sweat | examples=he got an A for effort; they managed only with great exertion
3. sense_key=effort%1:04:02:: | definition=a notable achievement | synonyms=feat, exploit | examples=he performed a great feat; the book was her finest effort
4. sense_key=effort%1:04:03:: | definition=a series of actions advancing a principle or tending toward a particular end | synonyms=campaign, cause, crusade, drive, movement | examples=he supported populist campaigns; they worked in the cause of world peace

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "effort" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage describes a group of bell ringers who travel from church to church every Sunday to keep the bells sounding in the belfries of East Anglia. It mentions that this activity is "sometimes-exhausting," indicating that it requires a significant amount of energy and is challenging.

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The word "effort" is used in the context of the ringers' activity. The sentence is: "who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia."

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something**: This definition aligns with the context as the ringers are making a deliberate attempt to keep the bells sounding.
   - **2. use of physical or mental energy; hard work**: The context describes the effort as "sometimes-exhausting," which directly relates to the use of physical or mental energy.
   - **3. a notable achievement**: While keeping the bells sounding is an achievement, the text does not specifically highlight it as a "notable achievement" in the context provided.
   - **4. a series of actions advancing a principle or tending toward a particular end**: The activity of the ringers could be seen as a series of actions, but the primary focus is on the act of keeping the bells sounding rather than advancing a broader principle or cause.

4. **Choosing the Best Sense**:
   - The context emphasizes the challenging and tiring nature of the ringers' activity ("sometimes-exhausting effort"), which directly corresponds to the definition involving "use of physical or mental energy; hard work" (sense 2).
   - While sense 1 ("earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something") is also relevant, the specific mention of "sometimes-exhausting" leans more towards the physical or mental strain (sense 2).

5. **Conclusion**: The best indexed sense for "effort" in the given context is **2**, as it directly relates to the use of physical or mental energy and is described as "sometimes-exhausting."

The final answer is: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: keep
Target surface form: keep
Context:
In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to <t>keep</t> the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia. "To ring for even one service at this tower, we have to scrape, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=keep%2:42:00:: | definition=keep in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., | synonyms=maintain, hold | examples=keep clean; hold in place
2. sense_key=keep%2:42:07:: | definition=continue a certain state, condition, or activity | synonyms=continue, go on, proceed, go along | examples=Keep on working!; We continued to work into the night
3. sense_key=keep%2:40:00:: | definition=retain possession of | synonyms=hold on | examples=Can I keep my old stuffed animals?; She kept her maiden name after she married
4. sense_key=keep%2:41:01:: | definition=stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state | synonyms=prevent | examples=We must prevent the cancer from spreading; His snoring kept me from falling asleep
5. sense_key=keep%2:41:03:: | definition=conform one's action or practice to | synonyms=observe | examples=keep appointments; she never keeps her promises
6. sense_key=keep%2:31:00:: | definition=stick to correctly or closely | synonyms=observe, maintain | examples=The pianist kept time with the metronome; keep count
7. sense_key=keep%2:40:01:: | definition=look after; be the keeper of; have charge of | examples=He keeps the shop when I am gone
8. sense_key=keep%2:32:00:: | definition=maintain by writing regular records | synonyms=maintain | examples=keep a diary; maintain a record
9. sense_key=keep%2:42:01:: | definition=supply with room and board | examples=He is keeping three women in the guest cottage; keep boarders
10. sense_key=keep%2:41:02:: | definition=allow to remain in a place or position or maintain a property or feature | synonyms=retain, continue, keep on | examples=We cannot continue several servants any longer; She retains a lawyer
11. sense_key=keep%2:34:00:: | definition=supply with necessities and support | synonyms=sustain, maintain | examples=She alone sustained her family; The money will sustain our good cause
12. sense_key=keep%2:42:03:: | definition=fail to spoil or rot | synonyms=stay fresh | examples=These potatoes keep for a long time
13. sense_key=keep%2:41:05:: | definition=behave as expected during of holidays or rites | synonyms=observe, celebrate | examples=Keep the commandments; celebrate Christmas
14. sense_key=keep%2:41:00:: | definition=keep under control; keep in check | synonyms=restrain, keep back, hold back | examples=suppress a smile; Keep your temper
15. sense_key=keep%2:42:02:: | definition=maintain in safety from injury, harm, or danger | synonyms=preserve | examples=May God keep you
16. sense_key=keep%2:42:12:: | definition=raise | examples=She keeps a few chickens in the yard; he keeps bees
17. sense_key=keep%2:40:09:: | definition=retain rights to | synonyms=keep open, hold open, save | examples=keep my job for me while I give birth; keep my seat, please
18. sense_key=keep%2:40:13:: | definition=store or keep customarily | examples=Where do you keep your gardening tools?
19. sense_key=keep%2:40:12:: | definition=have as a supply | examples=I always keep batteries in the freezer; keep food for a week in the pantry
20. sense_key=keep%2:40:10:: | definition=maintain for use and service | synonyms=maintain | examples=I keep a car in the countryside; She keeps an apartment in Paris for her shopping trips
21. sense_key=keep%2:35:10:: | definition=hold and prevent from leaving | examples=The student was kept after school
22. sense_key=keep%2:30:10:: | definition=prevent (food) from rotting | synonyms=preserve | examples=preserved meats; keep potatoes fresh

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bell
Target surface form: bells
Context:
In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the <t>bells</t> sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia. "To ring for even one service at this tower, we have to scrape, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bell%1:06:00:: | definition=a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck
2. sense_key=bell%1:06:02:: | definition=a push button at an outer door that gives a ringing or buzzing signal when pushed | synonyms=doorbell, buzzer
3. sense_key=bell%1:11:00:: | definition=the sound of a bell being struck | synonyms=toll | examples=saved by the bell; she heard the distant toll of church bells
4. sense_key=bell%1:28:00:: | definition=(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units of nautical time signaled by strokes of a ship's bell; eight bells signals 4:00, 8:00, or 12:00 o'clock, either a.m. or p.m. | synonyms=ship's bell
5. sense_key=bell%1:25:00:: | definition=the shape of a bell | synonyms=bell shape, campana
6. sense_key=bell%1:18:02:: | definition=a phonetician and father of Alexander Graham Bell (1819-1905) | synonyms=Melville Bell, Alexander Melville Bell
7. sense_key=bell%1:18:01:: | definition=English painter; sister of Virginia Woolf; prominent member of the Bloomsbury Group (1879-1961) | synonyms=Vanessa Bell, Vanessa Stephen
8. sense_key=bell%1:18:00:: | definition=United States inventor (born in Scotland) of the telephone (1847-1922) | synonyms=Alexander Bell, Alexander Graham Bell
9. sense_key=bell%1:06:04:: | definition=a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument | synonyms=chime, gong
10. sense_key=bell%1:06:03:: | definition=the flared opening of a tubular device

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sound
Target surface form: sounding
Context:
In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells <t>sounding</t> in the many belfries of East Anglia. "To ring for even one service at this tower, we have to scrape, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sound%2:39:06:: | definition=appear in a certain way | examples=This sounds interesting
2. sense_key=sound%2:39:00:: | definition=make a certain noise or sound | synonyms=go | examples=She went `Mmmmm'; The gun went `bang'
3. sense_key=sound%2:39:03:: | definition=give off a certain sound or sounds | examples=This record sounds scratchy
4. sense_key=sound%2:39:02:: | definition=announce by means of a sound | examples=sound the alarm
5. sense_key=sound%2:32:00:: | definition=utter with vibrating vocal chords | synonyms=voice, vocalize, vocalise
6. sense_key=sound%2:39:01:: | definition=cause to sound | examples=sound the bell; sound a certain note
7. sense_key=sound%2:30:00:: | definition=measure the depth of (a body of water) with a sounding line | synonyms=fathom

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: even
Target surface form: even
Context:
But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia. "To ring for <t>even</t> one service at this tower, we have to scrape, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "We've tried to train the youngsters, but they have their discos and their dances, and they just drift away. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=even%4:02:00:: | definition=used as an intensive especially to indicate something unexpected | examples=even an idiot knows that; declined even to consider the idea
2. sense_key=even%4:02:03:: | definition=in spite of; notwithstanding | examples=even when he is sick, he works; even with his head start she caught up with him
3. sense_key=even%4:02:01:: | definition=to a greater degree or extent; used with comparisons | synonyms=yet, still | examples=looked sick and felt even worse; an even (or still) more interesting problem
4. sense_key=even%4:02:04:: | definition=to the full extent | examples=loyal even unto death

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: service
Target surface form: service
Context:
But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia. "To ring for even one <t>service</t> at this tower, we have to scrape, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "We've tried to train the youngsters, but they have their discos and their dances, and they just drift away. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=service%1:04:08:: | definition=work done by one person or group that benefits another | examples=budget separately for goods and services
2. sense_key=service%1:04:00:: | definition=an act of help or assistance | examples=he did them a service
3. sense_key=service%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of public worship following prescribed rules | synonyms=religious service, divine service | examples=the Sunday service
4. sense_key=service%1:14:05:: | definition=a company or agency that performs a public service; subject to government regulation
5. sense_key=service%1:04:07:: | definition=employment in or work for another | examples=he retired after 30 years of service
6. sense_key=service%1:14:00:: | definition=a force that is a branch of the armed forces | synonyms=military service, armed service
7. sense_key=service%1:18:00:: | definition=Canadian writer (born in England) who wrote about life in the Yukon Territory (1874-1958) | synonyms=Robert William Service
8. sense_key=service%1:07:00:: | definition=a means of serving | synonyms=avail, help | examples=of no avail; there's no help for it
9. sense_key=service%1:06:00:: | definition=tableware consisting of a complete set of articles (silver or dishware) for use at table | synonyms=table service
10. sense_key=service%1:04:03:: | definition=the act of mating by male animals | synonyms=servicing | examples=the bull was worth good money in servicing fees
11. sense_key=service%1:04:09:: | definition=(law) the acts performed by an English feudal tenant for the benefit of his lord which formed the consideration for the property granted to him
12. sense_key=service%1:04:02:: | definition=(sports) a stroke that puts the ball in play | synonyms=serve | examples=his powerful serves won the game
13. sense_key=service%1:04:04:: | definition=the act of delivering a writ or summons upon someone | synonyms=serving, service of process | examples=he accepted service of the subpoena
14. sense_key=service%1:04:05:: | definition=periodic maintenance on a car or machine | synonyms=overhaul, inspection and repair | examples=it was time for an overhaul on the tractor
15. sense_key=service%1:04:06:: | definition=the performance of duties by a waiter or servant | examples=that restaurant has excellent service

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: tower
Target surface form: tower
Context:
But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia. "To ring for even one service at this <t>tower</t>, we have to scrape, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "We've tried to train the youngsters, but they have their discos and their dances, and they just drift away. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=tower%1:06:00:: | definition=a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building
2. sense_key=tower%1:25:00:: | definition=anything that approximates the shape of a column or tower | synonyms=column, pillar | examples=the test tube held a column of white powder; a tower of dust rose above the horizon
3. sense_key=tower%1:06:01:: | definition=a powerful small boat designed to pull or push larger ships | synonyms=tugboat, tug, towboat

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: scrape
Target surface form: scrape
Context:
But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia. "To ring for even one service at this tower, we have to <t>scrape</t>, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "We've tried to train the youngsters, but they have their discos and their dances, and they just drift away. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=scrape%2:35:00:: | definition=scratch repeatedly | synonyms=grate | examples=The cat scraped at the armchair
2. sense_key=scrape%2:36:00:: | definition=make by scraping | examples=They scraped a letter into the stone
3. sense_key=scrape%2:35:02:: | definition=cut the surface of; wear away the surface of | synonyms=scratch, scratch up
4. sense_key=scrape%2:38:00:: | definition=bend the knees and bow in a servile manner | synonyms=kowtow, genuflect
5. sense_key=scrape%2:35:03:: | definition=gather (money or other resources) together over time | synonyms=scrape up, scratch, come up | examples=She had scraped together enough money for college; they scratched a meager living
6. sense_key=scrape%2:35:01:: | definition=bruise, cut, or injure the skin or the surface of | synonyms=skin | examples=The boy skinned his knee when he fell

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "scrape" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The sentence is: "To ring for even one service at this tower, we have to scrape," says Mr. Hammond.

Here, Mr. Hammond is talking about the effort required to ring the bells for a service. The word "scrape" is used in the context of gathering or collecting something, likely resources or people, with difficulty.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. **scratch repeatedly** - This doesn't directly fit the context of gathering resources or people.
2. **make by scraping** - This involves creating something by scraping, which doesn't directly relate to the context.
3. **cut the surface of; wear away the surface of** - This involves damaging or altering a surface, not directly related to the context of gathering or collecting.
4. **bend the knees and bow in a servile manner** - This is unrelated to the context of bell ringing and gathering resources or people.
5. **gather (money or other resources) together over time** - This sense fits the context as Mr. Hammond is talking about having to make an effort (likely to gather ringers or resources) to ring the bells.
6. **bruise, cut, or injure the skin or the surface of** - This involves causing physical harm, which is not relevant to the context.

Given the context and the examples provided, the most suitable sense is **5. gather (money or other resources) together over time**, as it aligns with the idea of having to make an effort or gather resources (in this case, likely people to ring the bells) with difficulty.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "scrape" in this context is sense_index 5.

{"sense_index": 5}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: say
Target surface form: says
Context:
But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia. "To ring for even one service at this tower, we have to scrape, "<t>says</t> Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "We've tried to train the youngsters, but they have their discos and their dances, and they just drift away. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=say%2:32:00:: | definition=express in words | synonyms=state, tell | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you
2. sense_key=say%2:32:01:: | definition=report or maintain | synonyms=allege, aver | examples=He alleged that he was the victim of a crime; He said it was too late to intervene in the war
3. sense_key=say%2:32:03:: | definition=express a supposition | synonyms=suppose | examples=Let us say that he did not tell the truth; Let's say you had a lot of money--what would you do?
4. sense_key=say%2:42:00:: | definition=have or contain a certain wording or form | synonyms=read | examples=The passage reads as follows; What does the law say?
5. sense_key=say%2:32:04:: | definition=give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority | synonyms=order, tell, enjoin | examples=I said to him to go home; She ordered him to do the shopping
6. sense_key=say%2:32:02:: | definition=speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way | synonyms=pronounce, articulate, enounce, sound out, enunciate | examples=She pronounces French words in a funny way; I cannot say `zip wire'
7. sense_key=say%2:32:07:: | definition=communicate or express nonverbally | examples=What does this painting say?; Did his face say anything about how he felt?
8. sense_key=say%2:32:15:: | definition=utter aloud | examples=She said `Hello' to everyone in the office
9. sense_key=say%2:32:13:: | definition=state as one's opinion or judgement; declare | examples=I say let's forget this whole business
10. sense_key=say%2:32:08:: | definition=recite or repeat a fixed text | examples=Say grace; She said her `Hail Mary'
11. sense_key=say%2:32:09:: | definition=indicate | examples=The clock says noon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: worker
Target surface form: worker
Context:
But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia. "To ring for even one service at this tower, we have to scrape, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority <t>worker</t>. "We've tried to train the youngsters, but they have their discos and their dances, and they just drift away. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=worker%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who works at a specific occupation | examples=he is a good worker
2. sense_key=worker%1:18:01:: | definition=a member of the working class (not necessarily employed) | synonyms=proletarian, prole | examples=workers of the world--unite!
3. sense_key=worker%1:05:01:: | definition=sterile member of a colony of social insects that forages for food and cares for the larvae
4. sense_key=worker%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who acts and gets things done | synonyms=actor, doer | examples=he's a principal actor in this affair; when you want something done get a doer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: try
Target surface form: tried
Context:
Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia. "To ring for even one service at this tower, we have to scrape, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "We've <t>tried</t> to train the youngsters, but they have their discos and their dances, and they just drift away. "Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=try%2:41:00:: | definition=make an effort or attempt | synonyms=seek, attempt, essay, assay | examples=He tried to shake off his fears; The infant had essayed a few wobbly steps
2. sense_key=try%2:41:01:: | definition=put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to | synonyms=test, prove, try out, examine, essay | examples=This approach has been tried with good results; Test this recipe
3. sense_key=try%2:41:06:: | definition=put on trial or hear a case and sit as the judge at the trial of | synonyms=judge, adjudicate | examples=The football star was tried for the murder of his wife; The judge tried both father and son in separate trials
4. sense_key=try%2:34:00:: | definition=take a sample of | synonyms=sample, try out, taste | examples=Try these new crackers; Sample the regional dishes
5. sense_key=try%2:41:05:: | definition=examine or hear (evidence or a case) by judicial process | synonyms=hear | examples=The jury had heard all the evidence; The case will be tried in California
6. sense_key=try%2:37:01:: | definition=give pain or trouble to | examples=I've been sorely tried by these students
7. sense_key=try%2:37:00:: | definition=test the limits of | synonyms=strain, stress | examples=You are trying my patience!
8. sense_key=try%2:30:00:: | definition=melt (fat or lard) in order to separate out impurities | synonyms=render | examples=try the yak butter; render fat in a casserole
9. sense_key=try%2:29:00:: | definition=put on a garment in order to see whether it fits and looks nice | synonyms=try on | examples=Try on this sweater to see how it looks

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the word "tried" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The sentence is: "We've tried to train the youngsters, but they have their discos and their dances, and they just drift away."

Here, "tried" is used in the context of making an effort or attempting to do something, which is training the youngsters.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. Make an effort or attempt - This sense fits the context as it involves attempting to train the youngsters.
2. Put to the test - While this could potentially fit, the context doesn't directly imply testing the youngsters but rather making an effort to train them.
3. Put on trial or hear a case - This sense is unrelated to the context.
4. Take a sample of - This sense doesn't fit the context.
5. Examine or hear evidence - This is also unrelated to the context.
6. Give pain or trouble to - The context doesn't imply that the subject is being troubled.
7. Test the limits of - While somewhat related, the primary meaning here is not to test the limits but to make an effort.
8. Melt fat or lard - This is unrelated to the context.
9. Put on a garment - This sense is also unrelated.

Given the context and the examples provided for the candidate senses, the most appropriate sense is "make an effort or attempt" as it directly relates to attempting to train the youngsters.

The best indexed sense for "tried" in this context is the first one.

{"sense_index": 1}