[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bankruptcy
Target surface form: bankruptcies
Context:
The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions. "We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York. The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement. The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in <t>bankruptcies</t> to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bankruptcy%1:26:01:: | definition=a state of complete lack of some abstract property | examples=spiritual bankruptcy; moral bankruptcy
2. sense_key=bankruptcy%1:26:00:: | definition=inability to discharge all your debts as they come due | synonyms=failure | examples=the company had to declare bankruptcy; fraudulent loans led to the failure of many banks
3. sense_key=bankruptcy%1:04:00:: | definition=a legal process intended to insure equality among the creditors of a corporation declared to be insolvent

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "bankruptcies" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses the financial crisis, the role of the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) in protecting customer deposits, and its intervention in bankruptcies. It mentions banks like Deutsche Bank and Citigroup agreeing to pay certain amounts, indicating a scenario involving financial insolvency.

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The word "bankruptcies" refers to instances or cases of bankruptcy. The context in which it is used is related to financial institutions and their handling of financial crises.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. sense_key=bankruptcy%1:26:01::**: This sense refers to a state of complete lack of some abstract property (e.g., spiritual or moral bankruptcy). The context does not suggest an abstract or non-financial interpretation of bankruptcy.
   - **2. sense_key=bankruptcy%1:26:00::**: This definition involves the inability to discharge debts as they come due, synonymous with failure. While related to financial failure, the specific context of legal or formal proceedings is not explicitly mentioned here.
   - **3. sense_key=bankruptcy%1:04:00::**: This sense is defined as a legal process intended to ensure equality among the creditors of a corporation declared insolvent. The context mentions the NCUA intervening in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits, suggesting a formal or legal process.

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - The context implies a formal or legal process related to financial insolvency, as indicated by the NCUA's intervention.
   - Sense 3 directly relates to a legal process for handling insolvency, which aligns with the NCUA's role in managing and intervening in the bankruptcies of credit unions to protect deposits.
   - While Sense 2 is related to financial failure, it is Sense 3 that specifically captures the legal aspect of bankruptcy, which is more directly relevant to the NCUA's actions described in the passage.

Therefore, the most appropriate sense for "bankruptcies" in the given context is the one related to a legal process for handling insolvency.

{"sense_index": 3}


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: deposit
Target surface form: deposits
Context:
The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions. "We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York. The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement. The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer <t>deposits</t>. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=deposit%1:19:00:: | definition=the phenomenon of sediment or gravel accumulating | synonyms=sedimentation, alluviation
2. sense_key=deposit%1:17:00:: | definition=matter that has been deposited by some natural process | synonyms=sediment
3. sense_key=deposit%1:22:00:: | definition=the natural process of laying down a deposit of something | synonyms=deposition
4. sense_key=deposit%1:21:01:: | definition=money deposited in a bank or some similar institution | synonyms=bank deposit
5. sense_key=deposit%1:21:00:: | definition=a partial payment made at the time of purchase; the balance to be paid later | synonyms=down payment
6. sense_key=deposit%1:21:02:: | definition=money given as security for an article acquired for temporary use | examples=his deposit was refunded when he returned the car
7. sense_key=deposit%1:10:01:: | definition=a payment given as a guarantee that an obligation will be met
8. sense_key=deposit%1:06:00:: | definition=a facility where things can be deposited for storage or safekeeping | synonyms=depository, depositary, repository
9. sense_key=deposit%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of putting something somewhere | synonyms=deposition

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: compensation
Target surface form: compensation
Context:
"We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York. The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement. The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for <t>compensation</t> for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=compensation%1:21:00:: | definition=something (such as money) given or received as payment or reparation (as for a service or loss or injury)
2. sense_key=compensation%1:22:00:: | definition=(psychiatry) a defense mechanism that conceals your undesirable shortcomings by exaggerating desirable behaviors
3. sense_key=compensation%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of compensating for service or loss or injury | synonyms=recompense

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "compensation" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses a situation where two banks, Deutsche Bank and Citigroup, have agreed to pay certain amounts of money to settle issues related to their dealings with the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA). The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that amount to billions.

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The target word is "compensation." The context suggests that it is related to receiving something, likely money, as a form of reparation or payment for a loss.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. something (such as money) given or received as payment or reparation (as for a service or loss or injury)**: This definition aligns with the context, as the NCUA is seeking payment or reparation for losses incurred.
   - **2. (psychiatry) a defense mechanism that conceals your undesirable shortcomings by exaggerating desirable behaviors**: This definition is related to a psychological concept and does not fit the financial and legal context provided.
   - **3. the act of compensating for service or loss or injury**: The synonym provided for this sense is "recompense," which implies making amends or providing payment for something. This definition is also relevant to the context, as the NCUA is seeking recompense or compensation for losses.

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - The context clearly indicates that "compensation" refers to a payment or reparation for losses. Both senses 1 and 3 could potentially fit this context, as they both relate to receiving something as payment or reparation for a loss.
   - Sense 1 directly refers to "something (such as money) given or received as payment or reparation," which matches the context of the NCUA seeking money for losses.
   - Sense 3 refers to "the act of compensating for service or loss or injury," which is also relevant but is more about the act rather than the thing received.

5. **Decision**: The most appropriate sense is **1**, as it directly refers to the money or payment given or received as reparation for a loss, fitting the context of the NCUA fighting for compensation for losses.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "compensation" in the given context is the first one.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: billion
Target surface form: billions
Context:
"We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York. The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement. The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the <t>billions</t>. The current settlements are the first of their kind.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=billion%1:23:01:: | definition=the number that is represented as a one followed by 12 zeros; in the United Kingdom the usage followed in the United States is frequently seen | synonyms=one million million, 1000000000000
2. sense_key=billion%1:23:02:: | definition=a very large indefinite number (usually hyperbole) | synonyms=million, trillion, zillion, jillion, gazillion | examples=there were millions of flies
3. sense_key=billion%1:23:00:: | definition=the number that is represented as a one followed by 9 zeros | synonyms=one thousand million, 1000000000

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "billions" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The sentence where "billions" appears is: "The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions." This context suggests that "billions" is used to convey a very large, but indefinite amount of money lost.

2. **Understanding the Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1**: Refers to "one million million" or 1,000,000,000,000, which is a specific large number.
   - **Sense 2**: Represents a very large indefinite number, often used hyperbolically. Examples include "millions of flies," indicating an unspecified large quantity.
   - **Sense 3**: Denotes "one thousand million" or 1,000,000,000.

3. **Analyzing the Usage in Context**: The phrase "run into the billions" is an idiomatic expression that means to amount to a very large number, not necessarily a precise figure. It is used to convey that the losses are substantial.

4. **Relating to the Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1 (one million million)** and **Sense 3 (one thousand million)**: Both refer to specific large numbers, but the context doesn't necessitate specifying which of these two large numbers is being referred to. The phrase "run into the billions" doesn't directly imply either definition; it's more about the magnitude.
   - **Sense 2 (a very large indefinite number)**: This sense aligns with the usage of "billions" in the given context. The expression "run into the billions" is used to indicate that the losses are very large, not to specify an exact quantity like one thousand million or one million million.

5. **Making the Choice**:
   - The context suggests an indefinite, large quantity, which aligns with **Sense 2**. The use of "billions" here is to convey a large amount rather than a precise figure, fitting the definition and usage examples of Sense 2.

6. **Returning the Answer**:
   - The indexed senses are given as 1, 2, and 3. **Sense 2** is the correct choice based on the analysis.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "billions" in the given context is Sense 2, which corresponds to the index "2".

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: settlement
Target surface form: settlements
Context:
The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement. The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current <t>settlements</t> are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=settlement%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government | synonyms=colony | examples=the American colony in Paris
2. sense_key=settlement%1:14:01:: | definition=a community of people smaller than a town | synonyms=village, small town
3. sense_key=settlement%1:10:00:: | definition=a conclusive resolution of a matter and disposition of it
4. sense_key=settlement%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of colonizing; the establishment of colonies | synonyms=colonization, colonisation | examples=the British colonization of America
5. sense_key=settlement%1:09:00:: | definition=something settled or resolved; the outcome of decision making | synonyms=resolution, closure | examples=they finally reached a settlement with the union; they never did achieve a final resolution of their differences
6. sense_key=settlement%1:15:00:: | definition=an area where a group of families live together
7. sense_key=settlement%1:04:00:: | definition=termination of a business operation by using its assets to discharge its liabilities | synonyms=liquidation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "settlements" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses a financial context where banks (Citigroup and another unnamed bank) have agreed to pay certain amounts of money as part of an agreement with the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) regarding losses incurred due to bankruptcies. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses amounting to billions.

2. **Target Word Context**: The word "settlements" is used in the sentence, "The current settlements are the first of their kind." This indicates that "settlements" refers to agreements or resolutions reached between the NCUA and the banks regarding the compensation for losses.

3. **Candidate Senses Analysis**:
   - **1. settlement as a colony**: This sense doesn't fit the context as the passage is about financial agreements, not colonies or geographical settlements.
   - **2. settlement as a village or small town**: Again, this doesn't fit as the context is financial, not geographical or demographic.
   - **3. a conclusive resolution of a matter and disposition of it**: This sense aligns with the context of reaching an agreement between the NCUA and banks.
   - **4. the act of colonizing**: This is unrelated to the financial context provided.
   - **5. something settled or resolved; the outcome of decision making**: This sense is relevant as it refers to the outcome of negotiations or decision-making processes, which fits the context of agreements between the NCUA and banks.
   - **6. an area where a group of families live together**: This is not relevant to the financial context.
   - **7. termination of a business operation by using its assets to discharge its liabilities**: While related to finance, this sense is more specific to the liquidation of a business, which isn't directly indicated by the context.

4. **Choosing the Best Sense**:
   - Both senses **3** and **5** seem to fit the context as they relate to the resolution or outcome of a matter. However, sense **3** is defined as "a conclusive resolution of a matter and disposition of it," which closely matches the context of reaching a financial agreement.
   - Sense **5**, "something settled or resolved; the outcome of decision making," is also a strong candidate because it directly refers to the outcome of negotiations or decision-making, which is what the "settlements" represent in the context.

Given the context and definitions, **sense_index: 3** or **5** could potentially be correct based on their definitions. However, upon closer inspection, the context specifically refers to the outcome of negotiations between the NCUA and banks, which aligns more directly with the general understanding of "settlements" as agreements or resolutions reached after negotiations.

Between the two closely related senses (3 and 5), sense **3** ("a conclusive resolution of a matter and disposition of it") is the most appropriate because it directly relates to the conclusive resolution of a matter (in this case, financial compensation agreements).

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "settlements" in the given context is **3**.

{"sense_index": 3}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: regulator
Target surface form: regulator
Context:
The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind. The <t>regulator</t> had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=regulator%1:06:00:: | definition=any of various controls or devices for regulating or controlling fluid flow, pressure, temperature, etc.
2. sense_key=regulator%1:18:00:: | definition=an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest
3. sense_key=regulator%1:06:01:: | definition=a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine (as by controlling the supply of fuel) | synonyms=governor

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "regulator" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) and its actions regarding bankruptcies, customer deposits, and compensation for losses from dubious mortgage securities. It mentions that the NCUA, referred to as a "regulator," has approached major banks and sued some of them.

2. **Understanding the Term "Regulator" in Context**: In this context, the term "regulator" refers to an entity (in this case, the NCUA) that is responsible for overseeing and controlling certain activities, specifically related to credit unions and their dealings with banks regarding mortgage-backed securities.

3. **Examining the Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. any of various controls or devices for regulating or controlling fluid flow, pressure, temperature, etc.**: This definition refers to a mechanical or technical device used for regulation. It doesn't fit the context, as the NCUA is not a device.
   - **2. an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest**: This definition aligns with the role of the NCUA as described in the passage. The NCUA is an official body responsible for overseeing credit unions.
   - **3. a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine (as by controlling the supply of fuel)**: This refers to a specific mechanical device (also known as a governor) used in machines. It doesn't match the context, as the NCUA is not a mechanical device.

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**: Based on the context and the definitions provided, the NCUA is best described as "an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest." This corresponds to the second candidate sense.

5. **Returning the Answer in the Required Format**: The second candidate sense is indexed as "2". Therefore, the answer should be formatted as {"sense_index": 2}.

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: regulator
Target surface form: regulator
Context:
The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind. The <t>regulator</t> had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=regulator%1:06:00:: | definition=any of various controls or devices for regulating or controlling fluid flow, pressure, temperature, etc.
2. sense_key=regulator%1:18:00:: | definition=an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest
3. sense_key=regulator%1:06:01:: | definition=a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine (as by controlling the supply of fuel) | synonyms=governor

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

[Assistant]
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "regulator" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) and its actions regarding bankruptcies, customer deposits, and compensation for losses from dubious mortgage securities. It mentions that the NCUA, referred to as a "regulator," has approached major banks and sued some of them.

2. **Understanding the Term "Regulator" in Context**: In this context, the term "regulator" refers to an entity (in this case, the NCUA) that is responsible for overseeing and controlling certain activities, specifically related to credit unions and their dealings with banks regarding mortgage-backed securities.

3. **Examining the Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. any of various controls or devices for regulating or controlling fluid flow, pressure, temperature, etc.**: This definition refers to a mechanical or technical device used for regulation. It doesn't fit the context, as the NCUA is not a device.
   - **2. an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest**: This definition aligns with the role of the NCUA as described in the passage. The NCUA is an official body responsible for overseeing credit unions.
   - **3. a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine (as by controlling the supply of fuel)**: This refers to a specific mechanical device (also known as a governor) used in machines. It doesn't match the context, as the NCUA is not a mechanical device.

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**: Based on the context and the definitions provided, the NCUA is best described as "an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest." This corresponds to the second candidate sense.

5. **Returning the Answer in the Required Format**: The second candidate sense is indexed as "2". Therefore, the answer should be formatted as {"sense_index": 2}.

{"sense_index": 2}

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 3. Return only valid JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bank
Target surface form: banks
Context:
The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major <t>banks</t> and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) | examples=they pulled the canoe up on the bank; he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile | examples=a huge bank of earth
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers | examples=he operated a bank of switches
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games | examples=he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force | synonyms=cant, camber
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home | synonyms=savings bank, coin bank, money box | examples=the coin bank was empty
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building | examples=the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning) | examples=the plane went into a steep bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: summer
Target surface form: summer
Context:
The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the <t>summer</t>. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=summer%1:28:00:: | definition=the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox | synonyms=summertime | examples=they spent a lazy summer at the shore
2. sense_key=summer%1:28:01:: | definition=the period of finest development, happiness, or beauty | examples=the golden summer of his life

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "summer" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The context is about financial institutions, settlements, and legal actions taken by the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) against major banks. The sentence specifically mentions that the NCUA sued certain banks in the summer.

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The target word is "summer." We need to understand how it is used in the given sentence. Here, "summer" refers to a specific time when an action (suing JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland, and Goldman Sachs) took place.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1**: Refers to "the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox." The example given is "they spent a lazy summer at the shore." This sense is related to the literal meaning of summer as a season.
   - **Sense 2**: Refers to "the period of finest development, happiness, or beauty." The example provided is "the golden summer of his life." This sense is more figurative, indicating a peak or particularly enjoyable period in someone's life or a particular situation.

4. **Applying Context to Candidate Senses**:
   - The context is discussing a specific point in time when legal actions were taken. The use of "summer" here is to indicate when these actions occurred, not to describe a period of happiness, development, or beauty.
   - The literal interpretation of "summer" as a season (Sense 1) fits the context because it specifies the time of year when the NCUA sued the mentioned banks.

5. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - Given that "summer" is used to denote a time when an event happened, the most appropriate sense is the one that refers to the season of the year. This matches **Sense 1**.

6. **Returning the Answer in the Required Format**:
   - Since Sense 1 is the correct interpretation, and it is indexed as "1" according to the provided candidate senses, the answer should be formatted as a JSON object with the sense index.

The final answer is: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: fate
Target surface form: fate
Context:
The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the <t>fate</t> of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=fate%1:11:00:: | definition=an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future | synonyms=destiny
2. sense_key=fate%1:18:00:: | definition=the ultimate agency regarded as predetermining the course of events (often personified as a woman) | synonyms=destiny | examples=we are helpless in the face of destiny
3. sense_key=fate%1:26:00:: | definition=your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you) | synonyms=fortune, destiny, luck, lot, circumstances, portion | examples=whatever my fortune may be; deserved a better fate

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "fate" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses the financial crisis, specifically how certain mortgage-backed securities led to the downfall of several financial companies when the US property bubble burst in 2007. The sentence with the target word "fate" mentions that the nature of these securities "sealed the fate of a number of financial companies."

2. **Understanding the Target Word's Context**: In this context, "fate" refers to the outcome or the eventual situation that these financial companies ended up in due to their involvement with the mortgage-backed securities. It implies an inevitability or a predetermined course of events that led to their downfall.

3. **Examining the Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1**: "an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future." The synonym given is "destiny." This sense aligns with the context as it discusses an inevitable outcome (the downfall of financial companies) that resulted from certain actions or circumstances (involvement with mortgage-backed securities).
   - **Sense 2**: Refers to "the ultimate agency regarded as predetermining the course of events (often personified as a woman)." While this sense also involves the concept of destiny, it personifies the force determining the course of events, which is not directly implied in the given context.
   - **Sense 3**: Describes "your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)." The synonyms include "fortune, destiny, luck, lot, circumstances, portion." This sense is broader and can apply to individuals or entities, discussing their overall state or the events that befall them.

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - The context implies that the fate of the financial companies was sealed due to their involvement with certain securities, indicating an inevitable outcome.
   - **Sense 1** directly corresponds to this interpretation, as it refers to an event or course of events that will inevitably happen. The downfall of the financial companies is presented as an inevitable consequence of their actions, fitting this definition.
   - While **Sense 3** could also be considered relevant because it talks about the overall circumstances or condition, the specific context here emphasizes the inevitability of the outcome rather than just the state or condition of the companies.

5. **Conclusion**: The most appropriate sense for "fate" in the given context is **Sense 1**, as it directly relates to an inevitable event or course of events. Therefore, the best indexed sense is 1.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: number
Target surface form: number
Context:
The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a <t>number</t> of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=number%1:07:00:: | definition=the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals | synonyms=figure | examples=he had a number of chores to do; the number of parameters is small
2. sense_key=number%1:23:00:: | definition=a concept of quantity involving zero and units | examples=every number has a unique position in the sequence
3. sense_key=number%1:10:04:: | definition=a short theatrical performance that is part of a longer program | synonyms=act, routine, turn, bit | examples=he did his act three times every evening; she had a catchy little routine
4. sense_key=number%1:10:03:: | definition=the number is used in calling a particular telephone | synonyms=phone number, telephone number | examples=he has an unlisted number
5. sense_key=number%1:10:01:: | definition=a symbol used to represent a number | synonyms=numeral | examples=he learned to write the numerals before he went to school
6. sense_key=number%1:10:00:: | definition=one of a series published periodically | synonyms=issue | examples=she found an old issue of the magazine in her dentist's waiting room
7. sense_key=number%1:14:00:: | definition=a select company of people | examples=I hope to become one of their number before I die
8. sense_key=number%1:10:02:: | definition=a numeral or string of numerals that is used for identification | synonyms=identification number | examples=she refused to give them her Social Security number
9. sense_key=number%1:07:01:: | definition=a clothing measurement | examples=a number 13 shoe
10. sense_key=number%1:10:05:: | definition=the grammatical category for the forms of nouns and pronouns and verbs that are used depending on the number of entities involved (singular or dual or plural) | examples=in English the subject and the verb must agree in number
11. sense_key=number%1:06:00:: | definition=an item of merchandise offered for sale | examples=she preferred the black nylon number; this sweater is an all-wool number

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: company
Target surface form: companies
Context:
The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial <t>companies</t> when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=company%1:14:01:: | definition=an institution created to conduct business | examples=he only invests in large well-established companies; he started the company in his garage
2. sense_key=company%1:14:03:: | definition=small military unit; usually two or three platoons
3. sense_key=company%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being with someone | synonyms=companionship, fellowship, society | examples=he missed their company; he enjoyed the society of his friends
4. sense_key=company%1:14:02:: | definition=organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical) | synonyms=troupe | examples=the traveling company all stayed at the same hotel
5. sense_key=company%1:18:00:: | definition=a social or business visitor | synonyms=caller | examples=the room was a mess because he hadn't expected company
6. sense_key=company%1:14:00:: | definition=a social gathering of guests or companions | examples=the house was filled with company when I arrived
7. sense_key=company%1:14:06:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=party | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
8. sense_key=company%1:14:04:: | definition=crew of a ship including the officers; the whole force or personnel of a ship | synonyms=ship's company
9. sense_key=company%1:14:05:: | definition=a unit of firefighters including their equipment | examples=a hook-and-ladder company

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: height
Target surface form: height
Context:
The current settlements are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the <t>height</t> of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=height%1:07:00:: | definition=the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top | synonyms=tallness
2. sense_key=height%1:26:00:: | definition=the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development | synonyms=acme, elevation, peak, pinnacle, summit, superlative | examples=his landscapes were deemed the acme of beauty; the artist's gifts are at their acme
3. sense_key=height%1:07:01:: | definition=(of a standing person) the distance from head to foot | synonyms=stature
4. sense_key=height%1:07:02:: | definition=elevation especially above sea level or above the earth's surface | synonyms=altitude | examples=the altitude gave her a headache

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: crisis
Target surface form: crisis
Context:
The current settlements are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial <t>crisis</t>. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=crisis%1:26:00:: | definition=an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty | examples=they went bankrupt during the economic crisis
2. sense_key=crisis%1:11:00:: | definition=a crucial stage or turning point in the course of something | examples=after the crisis the patient either dies or gets better

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "crisis" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses financial institutions, mortgage-backed securities, and the impact of the US property bubble bursting in 2007, leading to the failure of financial companies like Lehman Brothers in 2008. It describes this period as being "at the height of the financial crisis."

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The word "crisis" is used in the context of financial instability and significant economic difficulty.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1**: "an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty" with the example "they went bankrupt during the economic crisis." This sense aligns closely with the context provided, as it refers to an economic crisis, which is a situation of extreme financial danger or difficulty.
   - **Sense 2**: "a crucial stage or turning point in the course of something" with the example "after the crisis the patient either dies or gets better." This sense is more commonly associated with medical or personal crises rather than financial ones.

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - The context clearly points to a financial crisis, which is described as a situation of extreme danger or difficulty, aligning with **Sense 1**.
   - The example given for **Sense 1** ("they went bankrupt during the economic crisis") directly relates to the scenario described in the passage, where financial companies went bankrupt or faced significant difficulties during the financial crisis.

5. **Conclusion**: Based on the context and the definitions provided, the best indexed sense for "crisis" is **1**.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bank
Target surface form: banks
Context:
The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The <t>banks</t> battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) | examples=they pulled the canoe up on the bank; he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile | examples=a huge bank of earth
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers | examples=he operated a bank of switches
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games | examples=he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force | synonyms=cant, camber
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home | synonyms=savings bank, coin bank, money box | examples=the coin bank was empty
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building | examples=the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning) | examples=the plane went into a steep bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "banks" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses financial institutions, their legal issues, and the financial crisis. It mentions JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland, Goldman Sachs, and Lehman Brothers, all of which are financial institutions.

2. **Target Word**: The target word is "banks." The sentence where "banks" appears is: "The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later."

3. **Candidate Senses Analysis**:
   - **1. sloping land**: Refers to the slope beside a body of water. Not directly related to the financial context, but could be metaphorical.
   - **2. financial institution**: A clear match for the context as it discusses financial institutions.
   - **3. a long ridge or pile**: Could be literal or metaphorical, not directly related to the main financial context.
   - **4. an arrangement of similar objects**: Not directly related to the main context.
   - **5. a supply or stock held in reserve**: Not directly related to the main context.
   - **6. funds held by a gambling house**: Not related to the context.
   - **7. a slope in the turn of a road or track**: Not directly related to the main context.
   - **8. a container for keeping money**: Not related to the context.
   - **9. a building for banking**: Related to the context, but more specific to a physical location.
   - **10. a flight maneuver**: Not related to the context.

4. **Choosing the Best Sense**:
   - The sentence "The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later" is metaphorical. Here, "banks" refers to financial institutions facing challenges, much like battling against a strong wind.
   - The most relevant sense is related to financial institutions.

5. **Decision**:
   - Sense 2 ("a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities") is the most appropriate because it directly relates to the entities (JPMorgan Chase, Royal Bank of Scotland, Goldman Sachs, Lehman Brothers) discussed in the passage.

6. **Response**:
   - The best indexed sense for "banks" is **2**.

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: wind
Target surface form: wind
Context:
The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong <t>wind</t> in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=wind%1:19:00:: | definition=air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure | synonyms=air current, current of air | examples=trees bent under the fierce winds; when there is no wind, row
2. sense_key=wind%1:19:01:: | definition=a tendency or force that influences events | examples=the winds of change
3. sense_key=wind%1:04:01:: | definition=breath | examples=the collision knocked the wind out of him
4. sense_key=wind%1:10:01:: | definition=empty rhetoric or insincere or exaggerated talk | synonyms=malarkey, malarky, idle words, jazz, nothingness | examples=that's a lot of wind; don't give me any of that jazz
5. sense_key=wind%1:10:00:: | definition=an indication of potential opportunity | synonyms=tip, lead, steer, confidential information, hint | examples=he got a tip on the stock market; a good lead for a job
6. sense_key=wind%1:06:00:: | definition=a musical instrument in which the sound is produced by an enclosed column of air that is moved by the breath | synonyms=wind instrument
7. sense_key=wind%1:04:02:: | definition=a reflex that expels intestinal gas through the anus | synonyms=fart, farting, flatus, breaking wind
8. sense_key=wind%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of winding or twisting | synonyms=winding, twist | examples=he put the key in the old clock and gave it a good wind

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "wind" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The context is: "The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later." This sentence is discussing financial institutions (banks) facing challenges or difficulties in the USA.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. **Air moving from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure** - While this is a literal definition of "wind," the context doesn't directly relate to weather or air movement. However, it's often used metaphorically.

2. **A tendency or force that influences events** - This sense is often used metaphorically, as in "the winds of change." It could fit the context if we consider the challenges faced by banks as a metaphorical "wind."

3. **Breath** - This doesn't directly relate to the context of financial challenges.

4. **Empty rhetoric or insincere talk** - This doesn't fit the context as the sentence is discussing a challenge or difficulty, not the quality of speech or talk.

5. **An indication of potential opportunity** - This doesn't directly relate to the context of facing challenges.

6. **A musical instrument** - This is unrelated to the context.

7. **A reflex that expels intestinal gas** - This is unrelated and inappropriate for the context.

8. **The act of winding or twisting** - This doesn't fit the context as it relates to a mechanical action or the state of being twisted, not to challenges or difficulties.

Given the context, "battling against a strong wind" is a metaphorical expression indicating that the banks are facing significant challenges or difficulties. The most appropriate sense here is **2. a tendency or force that influences events**, as it aligns with the metaphorical use of "wind" to signify a challenging or adverse condition or trend.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "wind" in this context is sense_index 2.

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: usa
Target surface form: USA
Context:
The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the <t>USA</t> several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=usa%1:15:00:: | definition=North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776 | synonyms=United States, United States of America, America, the States, US
2. sense_key=usa%1:14:00:: | definition=the army of the United States of America; the agency that organizes and trains soldiers for land warfare | synonyms=United States Army, US Army, Army

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "USA" in the given context, let's analyze the information provided.

The context discusses financial institutions, the financial crisis, and regulatory actions in the context of the United States. The sentence where the target word appears is: "The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later." This sentence is referring to banks operating in the USA, indicating a geographical or national context.

The two candidate senses provided are:
1. North American republic containing 50 states - This refers to the country known as the United States of America.
2. The army of the United States of America - This refers specifically to the United States Army.

The context clearly refers to the country, as it talks about banks and financial issues within the USA, not specifically about the military or the army.

The synonyms provided for the first sense (United States, United States of America, America, the States, US) all refer to the country, reinforcing that this is the correct interpretation in the given context.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "USA" in the given context is the first one, which corresponds to the country.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: year
Target surface form: years
Context:
The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several <t>years</t> later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=year%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days | synonyms=twelvemonth, yr | examples=she is 4 years old; in the year 1920
2. sense_key=year%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity | examples=a school year
3. sense_key=year%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun | examples=a Martian year takes 687 of our days
4. sense_key=year%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who graduate together | synonyms=class | examples=the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: regulator
Target surface form: regulators
Context:
The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and <t>regulators</t> have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=regulator%1:06:00:: | definition=any of various controls or devices for regulating or controlling fluid flow, pressure, temperature, etc.
2. sense_key=regulator%1:18:00:: | definition=an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest
3. sense_key=regulator%1:06:01:: | definition=a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine (as by controlling the supply of fuel) | synonyms=governor

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "regulators" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses financial companies, the US property bubble, the financial crisis, and the actions taken by investors and regulators. It specifically mentions the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) bringing claims.

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The word "regulators" refers to entities that have a regulatory role.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1**: Refers to devices or controls for regulating fluid flow, pressure, temperature, etc. This sense is more related to mechanical or physical regulation.
   - **Sense 2**: Defines an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest. This aligns with the context of financial regulation and supervision.
   - **Sense 3**: Describes a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine. This is also more mechanical in nature.

4. **Applying Context to Candidate Senses**: The context is about financial crisis, banks, investors, and regulatory actions. The term "regulators" is used alongside "investors" as entities that have brought claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The mention of the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) further supports a financial or governmental regulatory context.

5. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - Given the context is about financial regulation and the actions of official bodies, **Sense 2** ("an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest") is the most appropriate. It directly relates to the role of entities like the FHFA.
   - The other senses (1 and 3) are more related to mechanical or physical controls, which do not fit the context.

6. **Conclusion**: The best indexed sense for "regulators" in the given context is **2**.

Therefore, the response in the required JSON format is: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: number
Target surface form: number
Context:
The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast <t>number</t> of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=number%1:07:00:: | definition=the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals | synonyms=figure | examples=he had a number of chores to do; the number of parameters is small
2. sense_key=number%1:23:00:: | definition=a concept of quantity involving zero and units | examples=every number has a unique position in the sequence
3. sense_key=number%1:10:04:: | definition=a short theatrical performance that is part of a longer program | synonyms=act, routine, turn, bit | examples=he did his act three times every evening; she had a catchy little routine
4. sense_key=number%1:10:03:: | definition=the number is used in calling a particular telephone | synonyms=phone number, telephone number | examples=he has an unlisted number
5. sense_key=number%1:10:01:: | definition=a symbol used to represent a number | synonyms=numeral | examples=he learned to write the numerals before he went to school
6. sense_key=number%1:10:00:: | definition=one of a series published periodically | synonyms=issue | examples=she found an old issue of the magazine in her dentist's waiting room
7. sense_key=number%1:14:00:: | definition=a select company of people | examples=I hope to become one of their number before I die
8. sense_key=number%1:10:02:: | definition=a numeral or string of numerals that is used for identification | synonyms=identification number | examples=she refused to give them her Social Security number
9. sense_key=number%1:07:01:: | definition=a clothing measurement | examples=a number 13 shoe
10. sense_key=number%1:10:05:: | definition=the grammatical category for the forms of nouns and pronouns and verbs that are used depending on the number of entities involved (singular or dual or plural) | examples=in English the subject and the verb must agree in number
11. sense_key=number%1:06:00:: | definition=an item of merchandise offered for sale | examples=she preferred the black nylon number; this sweater is an all-wool number

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "number" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The context is: "Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct."

The phrase "a vast number of claims" indicates that "number" is being used to refer to a quantity or amount of something, in this case, "claims."

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. **the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals** - This definition matches the usage in the context, as "number" refers to the quantity of claims.
2. **a concept of quantity involving zero and units** - While related, this is more abstract and doesn't directly fit the context as well as the first sense.
3. **a short theatrical performance that is part of a longer program** - This doesn't fit the context; the sentence is discussing financial claims, not performances.
4. **the number is used in calling a particular telephone** - This is unrelated to the context.
5. **a symbol used to represent a number** - This refers to numerals, not the concept being discussed.
6. **one of a series published periodically** - This doesn't fit; the context is about quantity, not a series or issue of a publication.
7. **a select company of people** - While "number" can refer to a group of people, the context is about claims, not people directly.
8. **a numeral or string of numerals that is used for identification** - This is not relevant to the context.
9. **a clothing measurement** - Unrelated to the context.
10. **the grammatical category for the forms of nouns and pronouns and verbs that are used depending on the number of entities involved** - This is a grammatical concept, not relevant here.
11. **an item of merchandise offered for sale** - This doesn't fit the context.

The best match is the first sense: "the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals." The context indicates that "number" is being used to denote a quantity of claims.

Therefore, the best indexed sense is: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: claim
Target surface form: claims
Context:
The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of <t>claims</t> for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=claim%1:10:00:: | definition=an assertion of a right (as to money or property) | examples=his claim asked for damages
2. sense_key=claim%1:10:02:: | definition=an assertion that something is true or factual | examples=his claim that he was innocent; evidence contradicted the government's claims
3. sense_key=claim%1:04:00:: | definition=demand for something as rightful or due | examples=they struck in support of their claim for a shorter work day
4. sense_key=claim%1:07:02:: | definition=an informal right to something | synonyms=title | examples=his claim on her attentions; his title to fame
5. sense_key=claim%1:07:01:: | definition=an established or recognized right | synonyms=title | examples=a strong legal claim to the property; he had no documents confirming his title to his father's estate
6. sense_key=claim%1:10:01:: | definition=a demand especially in the phrase | synonyms=call | examples=the call of duty

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "claims" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context is about financial companies, mortgage-backed securities, and the financial crisis. It mentions that investors and regulators have brought a vast number of "claims" for compensation or to punish misconduct.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. "an assertion of a right (as to money or property)" - This sense fits well with the context because it involves legal or financial assertions, such as demanding compensation.
2. "an assertion that something is true or factual" - While this sense could potentially fit in a broad interpretation, the context specifically mentions "for compensation or to punish misconduct," which suggests a more specific action than just asserting something is true.
3. "demand for something as rightful or due" - This sense directly aligns with the context of investors and regulators demanding compensation or action, implying they are making a demand for something they believe is rightfully due to them.
4. "an informal right to something" - The context does not suggest an informal right but rather formal actions or demands.
5. "an established or recognized right" - While related to rights, this sense doesn't directly fit the action described in the context, which is about making demands.
6. "a demand especially in the phrase" - This sense is incomplete and seems to be related to a specific idiomatic expression, which isn't directly relevant to the context provided.

Given the context that "claims" are being made "for compensation or to punish misconduct," the most relevant sense is related to demanding something as rightful or due, which aligns with sense 3.

{"sense_index": 3}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: compensation
Target surface form: compensation
Context:
The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for <t>compensation</t> or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=compensation%1:21:00:: | definition=something (such as money) given or received as payment or reparation (as for a service or loss or injury)
2. sense_key=compensation%1:22:00:: | definition=(psychiatry) a defense mechanism that conceals your undesirable shortcomings by exaggerating desirable behaviors
3. sense_key=compensation%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of compensating for service or loss or injury | synonyms=recompense

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "compensation" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses financial companies, mortgage-backed securities, and the consequences of the US property bubble bursting in 2007, leading to a financial crisis. It mentions investors and regulators bringing claims for "compensation" or to punish misconduct.

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The word "compensation" is used in the context of investors and regulators bringing claims. This implies that "compensation" refers to something being given or received as payment or reparation for a loss or injury.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. something (such as money) given or received as payment or reparation (as for a service or loss or injury)**: This definition aligns with the context of investors and regulators seeking payment or reparation for losses incurred due to misconduct or financial mishaps.
   - **2. (psychiatry) a defense mechanism that conceals your undesirable shortcomings by exaggerating desirable behaviors**: This definition is related to a psychological concept and does not fit the financial and legal context provided.
   - **3. the act of compensating for service or loss or injury**: The synonym provided is "recompense," which means to give something, especially money, as a payment or reward for something. This definition is also relevant to the context as it involves compensating for a loss or injury.

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - Both senses 1 and 3 seem relevant because they relate to the concept of giving or receiving something (usually money) for a loss or injury. However, sense 1 is more specific about the "something" being given or received, which includes money, fitting well with the financial context.
   - Sense 3 is more about the act of compensating, which is also relevant. However, the context emphasizes the claims being made, which implies the outcome or the thing given (compensation) rather than the act itself.

5. **Decision**: The context is about financial claims and reparation for losses. Sense 1 directly refers to "something (such as money) given or received as payment or reparation," which is directly relevant to the context of investors and regulators seeking financial reparation.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "compensation" in the given context is **1**.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: misconduct
Target surface form: misconduct
Context:
The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish <t>misconduct</t>. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=misconduct%1:04:01:: | definition=bad or dishonest management by persons supposed to act on another's behalf
2. sense_key=misconduct%1:04:00:: | definition=activity that transgresses moral or civil law | synonyms=wrongdoing, wrongful conduct, actus reus | examples=he denied any wrongdoing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "misconduct" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses financial companies, the 2007 US property bubble explosion, and the subsequent financial crisis. It mentions investors and regulators bringing claims for compensation or to punish "misconduct." The context is about financial wrongdoing and its legal consequences.

2. **Understanding the Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1**: "bad or dishonest management by persons supposed to act on another's behalf." This implies a breach of trust or fiduciary duty, often in a professional or managerial context.
   - **Sense 2**: "activity that transgresses moral or civil law" with synonyms "wrongdoing, wrongful conduct, actus reus." This is about actions that violate legal or moral standards.

3. **Relating the Context to the Candidate Senses**:
   - The context involves financial institutions and regulatory bodies, indicating a scenario where management or professional conduct is under scrutiny.
   - The term "misconduct" is used in relation to claims brought by investors and regulators, suggesting it involves actions that are against the law or ethical standards, particularly in a professional or managerial capacity.

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - **Sense 1** directly relates to "bad or dishonest management," which fits the context of financial institutions and regulatory actions against them. It specifically addresses misconduct in a professional or managerial context.
   - **Sense 2** is broader and encompasses any activity that transgresses moral or civil law. While it could apply, it's more general and not as directly related to the managerial or professional context as Sense 1.

5. **Decision**:
   - The context strongly suggests that the "misconduct" refers to actions by financial institutions or their representatives that are considered wrong or illegal, particularly in their role as managers or handlers of financial products. This aligns closely with Sense 1, which is about bad or dishonest management.

6. **Indexed Sense Selection**:
   - Given that Sense 1 is "misconduct%1:04:01::" and Sense 2 is "misconduct%1:04:00::", and based on the analysis, **Sense 1** is the most appropriate.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "misconduct" in the given context is Sense 1.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: wave
Target surface form: wave
Context:
They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest <t>wave</t> of claims. It accuses 18 major international banks of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion dollars.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=wave%1:11:01:: | definition=one of a series of ridges that moves across the surface of a liquid (especially across a large body of water) | synonyms=moving ridge
2. sense_key=wave%1:04:02:: | definition=a movement like that of a sudden occurrence or increase in a specified phenomenon | examples=a wave of settlers; troops advancing in waves
3. sense_key=wave%1:11:00:: | definition=(physics) a movement up and down or back and forth | synonyms=undulation
4. sense_key=wave%1:11:02:: | definition=something that rises rapidly | examples=a wave of emotion swept over him; there was a sudden wave of buying before the market closed
5. sense_key=wave%1:10:01:: | definition=the act of signaling by a movement of the hand | synonyms=waving, wafture
6. sense_key=wave%1:08:00:: | definition=a hairdo that creates undulations in the hair
7. sense_key=wave%1:25:00:: | definition=an undulating curve | synonyms=undulation
8. sense_key=wave%1:19:00:: | definition=a persistent and widespread unusual weather condition (especially of unusual temperatures) | examples=a heat wave
9. sense_key=wave%1:18:00:: | definition=a member of the women's reserve of the United States Navy; originally organized during World War II but now no longer a separate branch

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "wave" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses financial companies, the US property bubble, the financial crisis, and subsequent legal actions against major international banks. It mentions that the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest "wave" of claims.

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The word "wave" is used in the context of a large number of claims being made by the FHFA against banks.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. one of a series of ridges that moves across the surface of a liquid**: This refers to a physical wave, typically on water, which doesn't fit the context.
   - **2. a movement like that of a sudden occurrence or increase in a specified phenomenon**: Examples include "a wave of settlers" and "troops advancing in waves." This sense could apply to a surge or a series of events or actions, such as claims.
   - **3. (physics) a movement up and down or back and forth**: This is a general definition related to physics and doesn't directly relate to the context of claims or financial actions.
   - **4. something that rises rapidly**: Examples given are "a wave of emotion swept over him" and "a sudden wave of buying before the market closed." This sense refers to a sudden increase or surge in something, which could apply to the context of a large number of claims.
   - **5. the act of signaling by a movement of the hand**: This refers to the physical act of waving, not relevant to the context.
   - **6. a hairdo that creates undulations in the hair**: This is unrelated to the context.
   - **7. an undulating curve**: Again, not relevant to the context of financial or legal actions.
   - **8. a persistent and widespread unusual weather condition**: Examples include "a heat wave." This is not related to the context.
   - **9. a member of the women's reserve of the United States Navy**: This is unrelated to the context.

4. **Choosing the Best Sense**:
   - The context is about a large number of claims being made, indicating a surge or a series of events.
   - Senses 2 and 4 both could potentially fit this context as they both relate to a surge or increase in something. Sense 2 is about a "movement like that of a sudden occurrence or increase in a specified phenomenon," and it includes examples like "troops advancing in waves," which metaphorically describes a series or surge of actions or events.
   - Sense 4 directly refers to "something that rises rapidly," like a "wave of emotion" or "a sudden wave of buying," indicating a sudden or significant increase.

5. **Decision**:
   - Between senses 2 and 4, both are plausible, but sense 2 ("a movement like that of a sudden occurrence or increase in a specified phenomenon") is more directly related to the idea of a series or surge of events or actions (like claims), as indicated by examples such as "troops advancing in waves."
   - The context specifically talks about "the largest wave of claims," suggesting a large number or a surge in claims, aligning with the idea of a series or surge of events.

Given the context and the examples provided for the candidate senses, **sense_index: 2** is the most appropriate choice because it directly relates to the concept of a surge or series of events (in this case, claims).

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: claim
Target surface form: claims
Context:
They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of <t>claims</t>. It accuses 18 major international banks of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion dollars.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=claim%1:10:00:: | definition=an assertion of a right (as to money or property) | examples=his claim asked for damages
2. sense_key=claim%1:10:02:: | definition=an assertion that something is true or factual | examples=his claim that he was innocent; evidence contradicted the government's claims
3. sense_key=claim%1:04:00:: | definition=demand for something as rightful or due | examples=they struck in support of their claim for a shorter work day
4. sense_key=claim%1:07:02:: | definition=an informal right to something | synonyms=title | examples=his claim on her attentions; his title to fame
5. sense_key=claim%1:07:01:: | definition=an established or recognized right | synonyms=title | examples=a strong legal claim to the property; he had no documents confirming his title to his father's estate
6. sense_key=claim%1:10:01:: | definition=a demand especially in the phrase | synonyms=call | examples=the call of duty

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "claims" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context is discussing financial companies, the US property bubble, and the financial crisis. It mentions that investors and regulators have brought a vast number of "claims" for compensation or to punish misconduct. The specific example given is the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) accusing major international banks of misconduct related to mortgage transactions.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. **an assertion of a right (as to money or property)**: This sense fits well with the context, as "claims" are being made for compensation, which relates to money or property.

2. **an assertion that something is true or factual**: While this sense could apply because the FHFA is making assertions about the banks' actions, it's not directly related to the concept of "claims" as used in a legal or financial context for demanding compensation.

3. **demand for something as rightful or due**: This sense is relevant because the "claims" are demands for compensation, implying that the claimants believe they are rightfully due this compensation.

4. and 5. **an informal or established right to something**: These senses don't directly fit the context of demanding compensation or punishing misconduct. They relate more to having a right or title to something.

6. **a demand especially in the phrase "the call of duty"**: This sense is not relevant to the context, as it doesn't relate to financial or legal demands.

Given the context, the "claims" are being made for compensation or to punish misconduct, which aligns with making a demand for something considered rightful or due. The most relevant definition is **"an assertion of a right (as to money or property)"**, which corresponds to sense_index 1.

Therefore, the best choice is {"sense_index": 1}.