[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: concern
Target surface form: concerns
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite <t>concerns</t> about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=concern%1:09:00:: | definition=something that interests you because it is important or affects you | examples=the safety of the ship is the captain's concern
2. sense_key=concern%1:12:01:: | definition=an anxious feeling | synonyms=care, fear | examples=care had aged him; they hushed it up out of fear of public reaction
3. sense_key=concern%1:12:00:: | definition=a feeling of sympathy for someone or something | examples=She felt strong concern for those less fortunate
4. sense_key=concern%1:09:01:: | definition=something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness | synonyms=worry, headache, vexation | examples=New York traffic is a constant concern; it's a major worry
5. sense_key=concern%1:14:00:: | definition=a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it | synonyms=business, business concern, business organization, business organisation | examples=he bought his brother's business; a small mom-and-pop business

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "concerns" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The sentence discusses the Iraqi Oil Ministry reaching deals with foreign oil companies despite issues related to violence and political instability. The word "concerns" is used in the context of "Despite concerns about violence and political instability..."

2. **Understanding the Word "concerns"**: In this context, "concerns" refers to feelings of worry or anxiety about something, specifically violence and political instability.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. something that interests you because it is important or affects you**: While this definition could broadly encompass the concept of "concerns," it doesn't directly convey the sense of worry or anxiety present in the context.
   - **2. an anxious feeling**: This is a plausible definition as it directly relates to feelings of anxiety or fear, which aligns with the context of worrying about violence and political instability.
   - **3. a feeling of sympathy for someone or something**: The context doesn't directly suggest that the concerns are driven by sympathy for someone or something, but rather by worry about the situation.
   - **4. something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness**: This definition fits well because "violence and political instability" are sources of unhappiness or worry, directly causing concern.
   - **5. a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it**: This definition is unrelated to the context in which "concerns" is used.

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - The context implies that "concerns" refers to worries or anxieties about certain issues (violence and political instability).
   - Sense 4 ("something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness") directly corresponds to this interpretation, as "violence and political instability" are sources of concern or worry.

5. **Conclusion**: The best indexed sense for "concerns" in the given context is **4**.

Therefore, the response in the required JSON format is: {"sense_index": 4}


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: violence
Target surface form: violence
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about <t>violence</t> and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=violence%1:04:01:: | definition=an act of aggression (as one against a person who resists) | synonyms=force | examples=he may accomplish by craft in the long run what he cannot do by force and violence in the short one
2. sense_key=violence%1:07:00:: | definition=the property of being wild or turbulent | synonyms=ferocity, fierceness, furiousness, fury, vehemence, wildness | examples=the storm's violence
3. sense_key=violence%1:26:00:: | definition=a turbulent state resulting in injuries and destruction etc.

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "violence" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The sentence discusses the Iraqi government's efforts to attract foreign oil companies despite concerns about "violence" and political instability. This context suggests that "violence" refers to acts or instances of violent behavior, likely related to conflict or aggression.

2. **Candidate Senses Analysis**:
   - **Sense 1**: "an act of aggression (as one against a person who resists)" with synonyms like "force". The example given is about accomplishing something "by force and violence," indicating a context of using aggression or violent means to achieve an end. This sense is related to specific acts of aggression.
   - **Sense 2**: "the property of being wild or turbulent" with synonyms like "ferocity, fierceness, furiousness, fury, vehemence, wildness". The example provided is "the storm's violence," indicating a natural phenomenon's intensity. This sense is more about the quality or state of being violent or turbulent, not necessarily related to human conflict directly.
   - **Sense 3**: "a turbulent state resulting in injuries and destruction etc." This definition directly relates to a state of affairs characterized by violence, which can lead to harm and destruction.

3. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - The context is about concerns related to Iraq attracting foreign oil companies, with "violence" being one of the concerns alongside "political instability." The term "violence" here is likely referring to a state or condition that could affect the oil industry's operations or the country's stability.
   - **Sense 1** is plausible as it refers to acts of aggression, which could be a concern in the context of Iraq's situation. However, it's somewhat specific to acts against resistance.
   - **Sense 2** is less likely because it refers more to the quality of being wild or turbulent, often used in the context of natural phenomena or abstract concepts, which doesn't directly fit the context of societal or political instability.
   - **Sense 3** directly refers to a state resulting in injuries and destruction, which aligns well with the concerns about the impact of violence on the oil industry and the country's stability.

Given the context and the definitions, **Sense 3** is the most appropriate as it directly relates to a state of violence that could result in harm and destruction, fitting the concerns about Iraq's situation.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "violence" in the given context is: {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: instability
Target surface form: instability
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political <t>instability</t>, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=instability%1:26:00:: | definition=an unstable order
2. sense_key=instability%1:07:01:: | definition=unreliability attributable to being unstable
3. sense_key=instability%1:26:01:: | definition=a lack of balance or state of disequilibrium | synonyms=imbalance, unbalance | examples=a hormonal imbalance
4. sense_key=instability%1:07:00:: | definition=the quality or attribute of being unstable and irresolute | synonyms=unstableness

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "instability" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The sentence discusses concerns about violence and political instability in Iraq and how despite these issues, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies. The context suggests that "instability" refers to a condition of being unstable, particularly in a political sense.

2. **Candidate Senses Analysis**:
   - **1. an unstable order**: This definition could relate to political or social unrest, which fits the context of political instability.
   - **2. unreliability attributable to being unstable**: While this could be related, it seems more about the attribute of being unreliable due to instability, which is somewhat relevant but not directly pointing to political instability.
   - **3. a lack of balance or state of disequilibrium**: This is more related to physical or chemical instability (like a hormonal imbalance) rather than political instability.
   - **4. the quality or attribute of being unstable and irresolute**: This definition leans more towards describing a personal trait or condition rather than a political or societal state.

3. **Using Synonyms and Examples**:
   - The synonyms and examples given can help clarify the intended meaning. For instance, "imbalance" and "unbalance" are provided as synonyms for sense 3, which doesn't directly relate to the political context.
   - Sense 1 directly relates to an "unstable order," which can be associated with political instability.

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - Given the context is about political concerns and attracting oil companies despite violence and political unrest, the most relevant definition is related to an "unstable order" or political instability.
   - Sense 1 ("an unstable order") directly corresponds to this interpretation.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "instability" in the given context is **1**.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: government
Target surface form: government
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi <t>government</t> managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=government%1:14:00:: | definition=the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit | synonyms=authorities, regime | examples=the government reduced taxes; the matter was referred to higher authorities
2. sense_key=government%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of governing; exercising authority | synonyms=governing, governance, government activity, administration | examples=regulations for the governing of state prisons; he had considerable experience of government
3. sense_key=government%1:09:00:: | definition=(government) the system or form by which a community or other political unit is governed | examples=tyrannical government
4. sense_key=government%1:09:01:: | definition=the study of government of states and other political units | synonyms=politics, political science

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "government" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The context discusses the Iraqi government's actions regarding deals with foreign oil companies to rebuild its oil industry. It mentions the government's ability to attract major oil companies despite concerns about violence and political instability.

2. **Understanding the Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1**: Refers to "the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit." Synonyms include "authorities" and "regime." The example given is "the government reduced taxes."
   - **Sense 2**: Refers to "the act of governing; exercising authority." Synonyms include "governing," "governance," "government activity," and "administration." An example is "regulations for the governing of state prisons."
   - **Sense 3**: Refers to "(government) the system or form by which a community or other political unit is governed." An example given is "tyrannical government."
   - **Sense 4**: Refers to "the study of government of states and other political units," also known as "politics" or "political science."

3. **Applying Context to Candidate Senses**:
   - The context clearly refers to an entity (the Iraqi government) that is taking actions (reaching deals with foreign oil companies). This suggests it is referring to an organization or authority.
   - **Sense 1** fits well because it refers to the governing authority of a political unit, and the context talks about the Iraqi government as an entity that is making decisions and taking actions.
   - **Sense 2** could potentially fit because it refers to the act of governing. However, the context more directly refers to the entity doing the governing rather than the act itself.
   - **Sense 3** is about the system or form of government, which is not the primary focus of the context. The context is not discussing the type or system of government in Iraq but rather the actions of the current government.
   - **Sense 4** is clearly not relevant as the context is not about studying government or political science.

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - Given the context and the definitions, **Sense 1** is the most appropriate. The sentence refers to the Iraqi government as an entity that is taking actions, which aligns with the definition of "the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit."

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "government" in the given context is **1**.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: auction
Target surface form: auctions
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two <t>auctions</t> that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=auction%1:04:01:: | definition=a variety of bridge in which tricks made in excess of the contract are scored toward game; now generally superseded by contract bridge | synonyms=auction bridge
2. sense_key=auction%1:04:00:: | definition=the public sale of something to the highest bidder | synonyms=auction sale, vendue

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "auctions" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The context is about the Iraqi Oil Ministry reaching deals with foreign oil companies during two auctions. It mentions rebuilding Iraq's ailing oil infrastructure and refurbishing its oil industry, which has been crippled by war and sanctions.

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The target word is "auctions." We need to understand how it is used in the given context. Here, it refers to a process where deals were made with oil companies, likely involving the sale of rights or contracts related to Iraq's oil industry.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1**: Refers to "auction bridge," a variety of bridge card game. This sense is unrelated to the context of oil companies and infrastructure rebuilding.
   - **Sense 2**: Refers to "the public sale of something to the highest bidder." This is a common understanding of an auction and fits the context of oil companies bidding on contracts or rights to work on Iraq's oil infrastructure.

4. **Making a Decision**:
   - The context clearly indicates that "auctions" is related to a process involving bidding by oil companies, likely for contracts or operational rights in Iraq's oil sector. This matches the definition of **Sense 2**.
   - The mention of "highest bidder" is not explicit in the context, but the idea of companies competing (implied by "attract major oil companies") aligns with the concept of an auction.

5. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**: Based on the analysis, **Sense 2** is the most appropriate. The indexed sense corresponding to this definition is the second one listed.

6. **Formatting the Answer**: The task requires returning a JSON object with the sense index. Since the correct sense is the second one listed, the sense index is 2.

The final answer is: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: deal
Target surface form: deals
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 <t>deals</t> the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=deal%1:04:02:: | definition=a particular instance of buying or selling | synonyms=trade, business deal | examples=it was a package deal; I had no further trade with him
2. sense_key=deal%1:10:00:: | definition=an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each | synonyms=bargain | examples=he made a bargain with the devil; he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals
3. sense_key=deal%1:23:00:: | definition=(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent | synonyms=batch, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful, heap | examples=a batch of letters; a deal of trouble
4. sense_key=deal%1:27:00:: | definition=a plank of softwood (fir or pine board)
5. sense_key=deal%1:27:01:: | definition=wood that is easy to saw (from conifers such as pine or fir) | synonyms=softwood
6. sense_key=deal%1:14:00:: | definition=the cards held in a card game by a given player at any given time | synonyms=hand | examples=I didn't hold a good hand all evening; he kept trying to see my hand
7. sense_key=deal%1:11:00:: | definition=the type of treatment received (especially as the result of an agreement) | examples=he got a good deal on his car
8. sense_key=deal%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of distributing playing cards | examples=the deal was passed around the table clockwise
9. sense_key=deal%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of apportioning or distributing something | examples=the captain was entrusted with the deal of provisions

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: china
Target surface form: China
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that <t>China</t>, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=china%1:15:00:: | definition=a communist nation that covers a vast territory in eastern Asia; the most populous country in the world | synonyms=People's Republic of China, mainland China, Communist China, Red China, PRC, Cathay
2. sense_key=china%1:06:00:: | definition=high quality porcelain originally made only in China
3. sense_key=china%1:15:01:: | definition=a government on the island of Taiwan established in 1949 by Chiang Kai-shek after the conquest of mainland China by the Communists led by Mao Zedong | synonyms=Taiwan, Nationalist China, Republic of China
4. sense_key=china%1:06:01:: | definition=dishware made of high quality porcelain | synonyms=chinaware

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: russia
Target surface form: Russia
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, <t>Russia</t> and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=russia%1:15:00:: | definition=a former communist country in eastern Europe and northern Asia; established in 1922; included Russia and 14 other soviet socialist republics (Ukraine and Byelorussia and others); officially dissolved 31 December 1991 | synonyms=Soviet Union, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, USSR
2. sense_key=russia%1:15:01:: | definition=formerly the largest Soviet Socialist Republic in the USSR occupying eastern Europe and northern Asia | synonyms=Soviet Russia, Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic
3. sense_key=russia%1:15:02:: | definition=a former empire in eastern Europe and northern Asia created in the 14th century with Moscow as the capital; powerful in the 17th and 18th centuries under Peter the Great and Catherine the Great when Saint Petersburg was the capital; overthrown by revolution in 1917
4. sense_key=russia%1:15:04:: | definition=a federation in northeastern Europe and northern Asia; formerly Soviet Russia; since 1991 an independent state | synonyms=Russian Federation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the correct sense of "Russia" in the given context, let's analyze the information provided.

The context is about the Iraqi Oil Ministry reaching deals with foreign oil companies, including those from China, Russia, and European countries, to refurbish Iraq's oil industry. The sentence implies a contemporary context, discussing current geopolitical and economic activities involving Iraq and various countries.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. The first sense refers to the "Soviet Union, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, USSR," which was dissolved on December 31, 1991. This sense is not applicable because the context is contemporary, and the Soviet Union no longer exists.

2. The second sense is "Soviet Russia, Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic," which was part of the USSR. This is also not relevant for the same reason as the first sense; it refers to a historical entity within the USSR.

3. The third sense refers to "a former empire in eastern Europe and northern Asia created in the 14th century... overthrown by revolution in 1917." This is talking about the Russian Empire, which ended with the 1917 revolution. This sense is historical and not relevant to the contemporary context.

4. The fourth sense is "a federation in northeastern Europe and northern Asia; formerly Soviet Russia; since 1991 an independent state," also known as the "Russian Federation." This refers to Russia after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, making it the contemporary entity that could be involved in international business and geopolitics today.

Given the context is about current international business involving Iraq and various countries, including Russia, the most appropriate sense is the one that refers to the contemporary state of Russia, which is the Russian Federation.

{"sense_index": 4}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: oil
Target surface form: oil
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European <t>oil</t> firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=oil%1:27:00:: | definition=a slippery or viscous liquid or liquefiable substance not miscible with water
2. sense_key=oil%1:06:01:: | definition=oil paint containing pigment that is used by an artist | synonyms=oil color, oil colour
3. sense_key=oil%1:27:01:: | definition=a dark oil consisting mainly of hydrocarbons | synonyms=petroleum, crude oil, crude, rock oil, fossil oil
4. sense_key=oil%1:13:00:: | definition=any of a group of liquid edible fats that are obtained from plants | synonyms=vegetable oil

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "oil" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context is about the Iraqi Oil Ministry reaching deals with foreign oil companies to rebuild Iraq's oil industry, which has been crippled by decades of war and sanctions. The text mentions "oil companies," "oil industry," "oil fields," and the involvement of various countries' firms in refurbishing Iraq's oil infrastructure.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. **sense_key=oil%1:27:00::** - This definition refers to a slippery or viscous liquid or liquefiable substance not miscible with water. While this is a broad definition that could encompass various types of oils, it's too general for the specific context provided, which is focused on the oil industry and extraction.

2. **sense_key=oil%1:06:01::** - This refers to oil paint used by artists. The context does not relate to art or painting, so this sense is not relevant.

3. **sense_key=oil%1:27:01::** - This definition is for a dark oil consisting mainly of hydrocarbons, with synonyms including petroleum, crude oil, crude, rock oil, and fossil oil. The context is clearly about the oil industry, extraction, and production, which aligns with this definition. The mention of "oil fields" and "oil industry" strongly suggests that the oil being referred to is crude oil or petroleum.

4. **sense_key=oil%1:13:00::** - This refers to edible fats obtained from plants, known as vegetable oil. The context does not relate to food or edible oils, so this sense is not relevant.

Given the context and the definitions provided, the most appropriate sense of "oil" is related to the oil industry, extraction, and production, which corresponds to **sense_index: 3**, as it is defined as petroleum or crude oil.

{"sense_index": 3}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: role
Target surface form: role
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major <t>role</t> in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=role%1:04:00:: | definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=function, office, part | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part
2. sense_key=role%1:09:00:: | definition=an actor's portrayal of someone in a play | synonyms=character, theatrical role, part, persona | examples=she played the part of Desdemona
3. sense_key=role%1:07:00:: | definition=what something is used for | synonyms=function, purpose, use | examples=the function of an auger is to bore holes; ballet is beautiful but what use is it?
4. sense_key=role%1:04:01:: | definition=normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting | examples=what is your role on the team?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "role" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context is about the Iraqi Oil Ministry reaching deals with foreign oil companies to rebuild Iraq's ailing oil infrastructure. It mentions that China, Russia, and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. **role%1:04:00::** - This sense refers to "the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group." The synonyms are "function, office, part," and an example is "the function of a teacher; the government must do its part." The context implies that foreign oil companies are expected to participate significantly in rebuilding Iraq's oil industry, which aligns with the idea of actions or activities assigned or expected of a group.

2. **role%1:09:00::** - This sense is related to "an actor's portrayal of someone in a play," with synonyms like "character, theatrical role, part, persona." The context does not relate to acting or a theatrical performance, so this sense is not applicable.

3. **role%1:07:00::** - This sense is defined as "what something is used for," with synonyms "function, purpose, use." Examples include "the function of an auger is to bore holes; ballet is beautiful but what use is it?" While this sense discusses "function," it is more about the purpose or use of something, which doesn't directly fit the context of companies participating in rebuilding an industry.

4. **role%1:04:01::** - This sense refers to "normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting." An example given is "what is your role on the team?" This sense is somewhat related but is more about the customary activity within a specific social context, which is not the primary focus here.

Given the context, the most appropriate sense is the first one, as it discusses the actions or activities expected of a group (in this case, foreign oil companies in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry). The word "role" here indicates the part or function these companies are expected to play.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "role" in the given context is **1**.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: decade
Target surface form: decades
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by <t>decades</t> of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=decade%1:28:00:: | definition=a period of 10 years | synonyms=decennary, decennium
2. sense_key=decade%1:23:00:: | definition=the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system | synonyms=ten, 10, X, tenner

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "decades" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information.

The context is discussing the Iraqi oil industry being "crippled by decades of war and sanctions." Here, "decades" refers to a period of time, specifically multiple periods of 10 years.

The candidate senses are:
1. A period of 10 years.
2. The cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system.

Let's examine the context and the candidate senses:
- The sentence implies that "decades" is being used to describe a duration or a span of time during which certain events (war and sanctions) occurred, affecting the Iraqi oil industry.
- The first candidate sense defines "decade" as "a period of 10 years," which aligns with the usage in the context to indicate a span of time.
- The second candidate sense refers to "decade" as the number ten, which does not fit the context as the sentence is not discussing the numerical value or the base of the decimal system.

Given the context and the definitions, "decades" is used to signify multiple periods of 10 years, indicating a prolonged duration of war and sanctions.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "decades" in this context is the first one, which corresponds to sense index 1.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: war
Target surface form: war
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of <t>war</t> and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=war%1:04:00:: | definition=the waging of armed conflict against an enemy | synonyms=warfare | examples=thousands of people were killed in the war
2. sense_key=war%1:26:00:: | definition=a legal state created by a declaration of war and ended by official declaration during which the international rules of war apply | synonyms=state of war | examples=war was declared in November but actual fighting did not begin until the following spring
3. sense_key=war%1:04:02:: | definition=an active struggle between competing entities | synonyms=warfare | examples=a price war; a war of wits
4. sense_key=war%1:04:01:: | definition=a concerted campaign to end something that is injurious | examples=the war on poverty; the war against crime

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "war" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context discusses the Iraqi government's efforts to attract foreign oil companies to rebuild its oil industry, which has been crippled by decades of "war" and sanctions. The sentence implies a state of armed conflict or violence that has negatively impacted Iraq's infrastructure.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. The first sense defines "war" as "the waging of armed conflict against an enemy." The example given is "thousands of people were killed in the war." This sense aligns closely with the context, as it refers to actual armed conflict, which is likely to have damaged Iraq's infrastructure.

2. The second sense refers to "a legal state created by a declaration of war and ended by official declaration during which the international rules of war apply." While this could potentially apply, the context does not specifically indicate that the "war" was formally declared or ended in such a manner.

3. The third sense is "an active struggle between competing entities." Examples include "a price war" or "a war of wits." This sense is more metaphorical and does not directly imply armed conflict.

4. The fourth sense defines "war" as "a concerted campaign to end something that is injurious," with examples like "the war on poverty" or "the war against crime." This is also metaphorical and does not directly refer to armed conflict.

Given the context, the most appropriate sense is the first one, as it directly refers to armed conflict, which is the most likely reason for the crippling of Iraq's oil industry. The context implies actual violence and conflict rather than a metaphorical struggle or a legal state.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "war" in this context is the first sense.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sanction
Target surface form: sanctions
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and <t>sanctions</t>. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sanction%1:10:00:: | definition=formal and explicit approval | synonyms=countenance, endorsement, indorsement, warrant, imprimatur | examples=a Democrat usually gets the union's endorsement
2. sense_key=sanction%1:04:02:: | definition=a mechanism of social control for enforcing a society's standards
3. sense_key=sanction%1:07:00:: | definition=official permission or approval | synonyms=authority, authorization, authorisation | examples=authority for the program was renewed several times
4. sense_key=sanction%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of final authorization | examples=it had the sanction of the church

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "sanctions" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses the Iraqi Oil Ministry reaching deals with foreign oil companies to rebuild Iraq's ailing oil infrastructure. It mentions that decades of war and "sanctions" have crippled Iraq's oil industry.

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The word "sanctions" is used in the context of having a negative impact on Iraq's oil industry.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1**: "formal and explicit approval" - This doesn't fit the context as sanctions are not described as approvals.
   - **Sense 2**: "a mechanism of social control for enforcing a society's standards" - This definition aligns with the use of "sanctions" as measures taken to enforce certain standards or punishments, which could include economic penalties.
   - **Sense 3**: "official permission or approval" - Similar to Sense 1, this implies a positive or affirmative action, which doesn't match the context.
   - **Sense 4**: "the act of final authorization" - Again, this suggests approval or ratification, not fitting the negative connotation in the passage.

4. **Relating to the Context**: The passage implies that "sanctions" had a negative impact on Iraq's oil industry. The term "sanctions" is commonly used to refer to punitive measures, such as economic sanctions, imposed by countries or international organizations.

5. **Choosing the Best Sense**:
   - Senses 1, 3, and 4 all relate to some form of approval or authorization, which doesn't fit the context.
   - Sense 2 refers to "a mechanism of social control for enforcing a society's standards," which can include punitive measures like economic sanctions. This aligns with the context where "sanctions" are mentioned alongside "war" as factors that have negatively impacted Iraq's oil industry.

6. **Conclusion**: The best indexed sense for "sanctions" in the given context is Sense 2, as it relates to measures (like economic sanctions) that enforce societal or international standards, fitting the negative impact described.

Therefore, the response should be: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: company
Target surface form: companies
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American <t>companies</t> walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=company%1:14:01:: | definition=an institution created to conduct business | examples=he only invests in large well-established companies; he started the company in his garage
2. sense_key=company%1:14:03:: | definition=small military unit; usually two or three platoons
3. sense_key=company%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being with someone | synonyms=companionship, fellowship, society | examples=he missed their company; he enjoyed the society of his friends
4. sense_key=company%1:14:02:: | definition=organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical) | synonyms=troupe | examples=the traveling company all stayed at the same hotel
5. sense_key=company%1:18:00:: | definition=a social or business visitor | synonyms=caller | examples=the room was a mess because he hadn't expected company
6. sense_key=company%1:14:00:: | definition=a social gathering of guests or companions | examples=the house was filled with company when I arrived
7. sense_key=company%1:14:06:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=party | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
8. sense_key=company%1:14:04:: | definition=crew of a ship including the officers; the whole force or personnel of a ship | synonyms=ship's company
9. sense_key=company%1:14:05:: | definition=a unit of firefighters including their equipment | examples=a hook-and-ladder company

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: stake
Target surface form: stakes
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with <t>stakes</t> in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=stake%1:21:02:: | definition=(law) a right or legal share of something; a financial involvement with something | synonyms=interest | examples=they have interests all over the world; a stake in the company's future
2. sense_key=stake%1:10:00:: | definition=a pole or stake set up to mark something (as the start or end of a race track) | synonyms=post | examples=a pair of posts marked the goal; the corner of the lot was indicated by a stake
3. sense_key=stake%1:06:01:: | definition=instrument of execution consisting of a vertical post that a victim is tied to for burning
4. sense_key=stake%1:21:00:: | definition=the money risked on a gamble | synonyms=stakes, bet, wager
5. sense_key=stake%1:06:00:: | definition=a strong wooden or metal post with a point at one end so it can be driven into the ground

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "stakes" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses the Iraqi Oil Ministry reaching deals with foreign oil companies to rebuild Iraq's oil industry. It mentions that American companies walked away with "stakes" in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. The context is about business and oil industry investments.

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The word "stakes" is used in the context of business deals and investments in oil fields.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. sense_key=stake%1:21:02::**: This definition refers to a right or legal share of something, or a financial involvement with something. The example given is "they have interests all over the world; a stake in the company's future." This aligns with the context of having a financial involvement or share in the oil fields.
   - **2. sense_key=stake%1:10:00::**: This refers to a pole or stake used to mark something. The context does not support this interpretation as it doesn't relate to physical markers.
   - **3. sense_key=stake%1:06:01::**: This is an instrument of execution, which is unrelated to the context provided.
   - **4. sense_key=stake%1:21:00::**: This refers to the money risked on a gamble. While it involves a financial aspect, the context is more about investments and shares rather than gambling.
   - **5. sense_key=stake%1:06:00::**: This defines a stake as a strong post driven into the ground, which is not relevant to the financial context.

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - The context clearly indicates a financial or business involvement ("American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields").
   - Sense 1 ("a right or legal share of something; a financial involvement with something") fits this context perfectly as it relates to having a share or financial interest in something (in this case, oil fields).
   - The synonym provided for this sense is "interest," which aligns with business and financial contexts.

5. **Conclusion**: The best indexed sense for "stakes" in the given context is the first one, as it correctly relates to a financial involvement or share in the oil fields.

Therefore, the response should be: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: field
Target surface form: fields
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned <t>fields</t>. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=field%1:15:00:: | definition=a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed | examples=he planted a field of wheat
2. sense_key=field%1:15:04:: | definition=a region where a battle is being (or has been) fought | synonyms=battlefield, battleground, field of battle, field of honor | examples=they made a tour of Civil War battlefields
3. sense_key=field%1:15:01:: | definition=somewhere (away from a studio or office or library or laboratory) where practical work is done or data is collected | examples=anthropologists do much of their work in the field
4. sense_key=field%1:09:00:: | definition=a branch of knowledge | synonyms=discipline, subject, subject area, subject field, field of study, study | examples=in what discipline is his doctorate?; teachers should be well trained in their subject
5. sense_key=field%1:19:00:: | definition=the space around a radiating body within which its electromagnetic oscillations can exert force on another similar body not in contact with it | synonyms=field of force, force field
6. sense_key=field%1:04:00:: | definition=a particular kind of commercial enterprise | synonyms=field of operation, line of business | examples=they are outstanding in their field
7. sense_key=field%1:26:00:: | definition=a particular environment or walk of life | synonyms=sphere, domain, area, orbit, arena | examples=his social sphere is limited; it was a closed area of employment
8. sense_key=field%1:15:02:: | definition=a piece of land prepared for playing a game | synonyms=playing field, athletic field, playing area | examples=the home crowd cheered when Princeton took the field
9. sense_key=field%1:17:00:: | definition=extensive tract of level open land | synonyms=plain, champaign | examples=they emerged from the woods onto a vast open plain; he longed for the fields of his youth
10. sense_key=field%1:14:00:: | definition=(mathematics) a set of elements such that addition and multiplication are commutative and associative and multiplication is distributive over addition and there are two elements 0 and 1 | examples=the set of all rational numbers is a field
11. sense_key=field%1:15:03:: | definition=a region in which active military operations are in progress | synonyms=field of operations, theater, theater of operations, theatre, theatre of operations | examples=the army was in the field awaiting action; he served in the Vietnam theater for three years
12. sense_key=field%1:14:01:: | definition=all of the horses in a particular horse race
13. sense_key=field%1:14:02:: | definition=all the competitors in a particular contest or sporting event
14. sense_key=field%1:15:05:: | definition=a geographic region (land or sea) under which something valuable is found | examples=the diamond fields of South Africa
15. sense_key=field%1:14:03:: | definition=(computer science) a set of one or more adjacent characters comprising a unit of information
16. sense_key=field%1:09:01:: | definition=the area that is visible (as through an optical instrument) | synonyms=field of view
17. sense_key=field%1:06:00:: | definition=a place where planes take off and land | synonyms=airfield, landing field, flying field

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "fields" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context is about the Iraqi Oil Ministry reaching deals with foreign oil companies to rebuild Iraq's oil industry. It mentions that American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned "fields."

First, we should identify the key elements in the context that can help us disambiguate the sense of "fields." The context revolves around oil companies, the oil industry, and auctions, indicating that "fields" is related to areas where oil is extracted or found.

Now, let's examine the candidate senses:

1. A piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed.
2. A region where a battle is being (or has been) fought.
3. Somewhere (away from a studio or office or library or laboratory) where practical work is done or data is collected.
4. A branch of knowledge.
5. The space around a radiating body within which its electromagnetic oscillations can exert force on another similar body not in contact with it.
6. A particular kind of commercial enterprise.
7. A particular environment or walk of life.
8. A piece of land prepared for playing a game.
9. Extensive tract of level open land.
10. (mathematics) A set of elements such that addition and multiplication are commutative and associative and multiplication is distributive over addition and there are two elements 0 and 1.
11. A region in which active military operations are in progress.
12. All of the horses in a particular horse race.
13. All the competitors in a particular contest or sporting event.
14. A geographic region (land or sea) under which something valuable is found.
15. (computer science) A set of one or more adjacent characters comprising a unit of information.
16. The area that is visible (as through an optical instrument).
17. A place where planes take off and land.

Given the context, the most relevant sense of "fields" is related to areas where oil is found or extracted. Sense 14, "a geographic region (land or sea) under which something valuable is found," fits this description perfectly, as it directly relates to areas known for valuable resources like oil.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "fields" in the given context is sense 14.

{"sense_index": 14}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: company
Target surface form: companies
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American <t>companies</t> had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=company%1:14:01:: | definition=an institution created to conduct business | examples=he only invests in large well-established companies; he started the company in his garage
2. sense_key=company%1:14:03:: | definition=small military unit; usually two or three platoons
3. sense_key=company%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being with someone | synonyms=companionship, fellowship, society | examples=he missed their company; he enjoyed the society of his friends
4. sense_key=company%1:14:02:: | definition=organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical) | synonyms=troupe | examples=the traveling company all stayed at the same hotel
5. sense_key=company%1:18:00:: | definition=a social or business visitor | synonyms=caller | examples=the room was a mess because he hadn't expected company
6. sense_key=company%1:14:00:: | definition=a social gathering of guests or companions | examples=the house was filled with company when I arrived
7. sense_key=company%1:14:06:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=party | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
8. sense_key=company%1:14:04:: | definition=crew of a ship including the officers; the whole force or personnel of a ship | synonyms=ship's company
9. sense_key=company%1:14:05:: | definition=a unit of firefighters including their equipment | examples=a hook-and-ladder company

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: auction
Target surface form: auction
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second <t>auction</t>, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=auction%1:04:01:: | definition=a variety of bridge in which tricks made in excess of the contract are scored toward game; now generally superseded by contract bridge | synonyms=auction bridge
2. sense_key=auction%1:04:00:: | definition=the public sale of something to the highest bidder | synonyms=auction sale, vendue

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "auction" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses the Iraqi Oil Ministry reaching deals with foreign oil companies during two auctions. It mentions the participation of various countries' oil companies and the outcome of these auctions, specifically highlighting the involvement of American companies.

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The target word is "auction," and it appears in a context related to business and oil industry deals.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1**: Refers to "auction bridge," a variety of bridge card game. This sense is unrelated to the context provided, which focuses on business and oil industry transactions.
   - **Sense 2**: Describes "the public sale of something to the highest bidder." This definition aligns with the context, as the passage talks about the Iraqi government attracting oil companies through auctions, implying a competitive bidding process for oil fields.

4. **Making the Choice**:
   - The context clearly indicates that the "auction" refers to a competitive process where oil companies bid for stakes in Iraq's oil fields. This matches the definition provided in **Sense 2**.
   - The mention of "highest bidder" is implicit in the context, as it discusses companies participating and submitting bids, with the outcome being the allocation of stakes to the companies that presumably offered the best terms.

5. **Indexed Sense Selection**: The candidate senses are indexed starting from 1. Since **Sense 2** (auction%1:04:00::) is the correct definition based on the context, and it is the second sense listed, its index is 2.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for the target word "auction" in the given context is: {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bid
Target surface form: bid
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a <t>bid</t> lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bid%1:10:03:: | definition=an authoritative direction or instruction to do something | synonyms=command, bidding, dictation
2. sense_key=bid%1:04:00:: | definition=an attempt to get something | synonyms=play | examples=they made a futile play for power; he made a bid to gain attention
3. sense_key=bid%1:10:00:: | definition=a formal proposal to buy at a specified price | synonyms=tender
4. sense_key=bid%1:10:01:: | definition=(bridge) the number of tricks a bridge player is willing to contract to make | synonyms=bidding

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "bid" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context is about the Iraqi Oil Ministry reaching deals with foreign oil companies to rebuild Iraq's oil industry. It mentions auctions and companies submitting bids for oil fields.

1. The first candidate sense defines "bid" as "an authoritative direction or instruction to do something." This doesn't fit the context because the text is discussing business deals and auctions, not giving instructions or directions.

2. The second sense is "an attempt to get something." While this is a broad definition that could potentially fit, the specific context of auctions and oil fields suggests a more specific meaning related to the process of bidding.

3. The third sense defines "bid" as "a formal proposal to buy at a specified price." This aligns closely with the context, as the text discusses companies participating in auctions and submitting bids for oil fields. The term "tender" is given as a synonym, which is also relevant in the context of business and auctions.

4. The fourth sense relates to the card game bridge, defining "bid" as the number of tricks a player is willing to contract to make. This is clearly not relevant to the context provided, which is about oil companies and auctions.

Given the context and the definitions, the most appropriate sense is the third one, which defines "bid" as a formal proposal to buy at a specified price. This is directly related to the auction process described in the text.

{"sense_index": 3}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: company
Target surface form: companies
Context:
Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American <t>companies</t> reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=company%1:14:01:: | definition=an institution created to conduct business | examples=he only invests in large well-established companies; he started the company in his garage
2. sense_key=company%1:14:03:: | definition=small military unit; usually two or three platoons
3. sense_key=company%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being with someone | synonyms=companionship, fellowship, society | examples=he missed their company; he enjoyed the society of his friends
4. sense_key=company%1:14:02:: | definition=organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical) | synonyms=troupe | examples=the traveling company all stayed at the same hotel
5. sense_key=company%1:18:00:: | definition=a social or business visitor | synonyms=caller | examples=the room was a mess because he hadn't expected company
6. sense_key=company%1:14:00:: | definition=a social gathering of guests or companions | examples=the house was filled with company when I arrived
7. sense_key=company%1:14:06:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=party | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
8. sense_key=company%1:14:04:: | definition=crew of a ship including the officers; the whole force or personnel of a ship | synonyms=ship's company
9. sense_key=company%1:14:05:: | definition=a unit of firefighters including their equipment | examples=a hook-and-ladder company

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: deal
Target surface form: deals
Context:
Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached <t>deals</t> for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=deal%1:04:02:: | definition=a particular instance of buying or selling | synonyms=trade, business deal | examples=it was a package deal; I had no further trade with him
2. sense_key=deal%1:10:00:: | definition=an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each | synonyms=bargain | examples=he made a bargain with the devil; he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals
3. sense_key=deal%1:23:00:: | definition=(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent | synonyms=batch, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful, heap | examples=a batch of letters; a deal of trouble
4. sense_key=deal%1:27:00:: | definition=a plank of softwood (fir or pine board)
5. sense_key=deal%1:27:01:: | definition=wood that is easy to saw (from conifers such as pine or fir) | synonyms=softwood
6. sense_key=deal%1:14:00:: | definition=the cards held in a card game by a given player at any given time | synonyms=hand | examples=I didn't hold a good hand all evening; he kept trying to see my hand
7. sense_key=deal%1:11:00:: | definition=the type of treatment received (especially as the result of an agreement) | examples=he got a good deal on his car
8. sense_key=deal%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of distributing playing cards | examples=the deal was passed around the table clockwise
9. sense_key=deal%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of apportioning or distributing something | examples=the captain was entrusted with the deal of provisions

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: field
Target surface form: fields
Context:
Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for <t>fields</t> auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=field%1:15:00:: | definition=a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed | examples=he planted a field of wheat
2. sense_key=field%1:15:04:: | definition=a region where a battle is being (or has been) fought | synonyms=battlefield, battleground, field of battle, field of honor | examples=they made a tour of Civil War battlefields
3. sense_key=field%1:15:01:: | definition=somewhere (away from a studio or office or library or laboratory) where practical work is done or data is collected | examples=anthropologists do much of their work in the field
4. sense_key=field%1:09:00:: | definition=a branch of knowledge | synonyms=discipline, subject, subject area, subject field, field of study, study | examples=in what discipline is his doctorate?; teachers should be well trained in their subject
5. sense_key=field%1:19:00:: | definition=the space around a radiating body within which its electromagnetic oscillations can exert force on another similar body not in contact with it | synonyms=field of force, force field
6. sense_key=field%1:04:00:: | definition=a particular kind of commercial enterprise | synonyms=field of operation, line of business | examples=they are outstanding in their field
7. sense_key=field%1:26:00:: | definition=a particular environment or walk of life | synonyms=sphere, domain, area, orbit, arena | examples=his social sphere is limited; it was a closed area of employment
8. sense_key=field%1:15:02:: | definition=a piece of land prepared for playing a game | synonyms=playing field, athletic field, playing area | examples=the home crowd cheered when Princeton took the field
9. sense_key=field%1:17:00:: | definition=extensive tract of level open land | synonyms=plain, champaign | examples=they emerged from the woods onto a vast open plain; he longed for the fields of his youth
10. sense_key=field%1:14:00:: | definition=(mathematics) a set of elements such that addition and multiplication are commutative and associative and multiplication is distributive over addition and there are two elements 0 and 1 | examples=the set of all rational numbers is a field
11. sense_key=field%1:15:03:: | definition=a region in which active military operations are in progress | synonyms=field of operations, theater, theater of operations, theatre, theatre of operations | examples=the army was in the field awaiting action; he served in the Vietnam theater for three years
12. sense_key=field%1:14:01:: | definition=all of the horses in a particular horse race
13. sense_key=field%1:14:02:: | definition=all the competitors in a particular contest or sporting event
14. sense_key=field%1:15:05:: | definition=a geographic region (land or sea) under which something valuable is found | examples=the diamond fields of South Africa
15. sense_key=field%1:14:03:: | definition=(computer science) a set of one or more adjacent characters comprising a unit of information
16. sense_key=field%1:09:01:: | definition=the area that is visible (as through an optical instrument) | synonyms=field of view
17. sense_key=field%1:06:00:: | definition=a place where planes take off and land | synonyms=airfield, landing field, flying field

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "fields" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context is about the Iraqi government attracting major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure through auctions. It mentions that American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields, indicating that "fields" refers to areas where oil is extracted or explored.

Let's examine the relevant candidate senses:

1. A piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed (sense_key=field%1:15:00::) - This doesn't fit the context as it relates to agricultural or enclosed land.
2. A region where a battle is being (or has been) fought (sense_key=field%1:15:04::) - This is not relevant as the context is about oil infrastructure, not battles.
3. Somewhere (away from a studio or office or library or laboratory) where practical work is done or data is collected (sense_key=field%1:15:01::) - While this could broadly relate to work done in oil fields, it's more about the general location of practical work rather than a specific area like an oil field.
4. A geographic region (land or sea) under which something valuable is found (sense_key=field%1:15:05::) - This directly relates to the context as "fields" here likely refers to oil fields, which are geographic regions under which oil (something valuable) is found.

Given the context and the definitions, the most appropriate sense is "a geographic region (land or sea) under which something valuable is found" because it directly relates to oil fields.

The sense index corresponding to this definition is 14.

{"sense_index": 14}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: representation
Target surface form: representation
Context:
The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager <t>representation</t> of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=representation%1:09:00:: | definition=a presentation to the mind in the form of an idea or image | synonyms=mental representation, internal representation
2. sense_key=representation%1:06:00:: | definition=a creation that is a visual or tangible rendering of someone or something
3. sense_key=representation%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of representing; standing in for someone or some group and speaking with authority in their behalf
4. sense_key=representation%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of serving as an official and authorized delegate or agent | synonyms=delegacy, agency
5. sense_key=representation%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of legislators that serve in behalf of some constituency | examples=a Congressional vacancy occurred in the representation from California
6. sense_key=representation%1:10:00:: | definition=a factual statement made by one party in order to induce another party to enter into a contract | examples=the sales contract contains several representations by the vendor
7. sense_key=representation%1:10:01:: | definition=a performance of a play | synonyms=theatrical performance, theatrical, histrionics
8. sense_key=representation%1:10:02:: | definition=a statement of facts and reasons made in appealing or protesting | examples=certain representations were made concerning police brutality
9. sense_key=representation%1:07:00:: | definition=the right of being represented by delegates who have a voice in some legislative body
10. sense_key=representation%1:04:00:: | definition=an activity that stands as an equivalent of something or results in an equivalent

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "representation" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The context is discussing the presence and success of American oil companies in Iraq's oil industry compared to companies from other countries. The sentence specifically mentions, "The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts." Here, "representation" refers to the presence or number of American oil companies participating or being involved in Iraq's oil industry.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. **A presentation to the mind in the form of an idea or image** - This doesn't fit the context as it refers to a mental or internal representation, not the presence or number of companies.

2. **A creation that is a visual or tangible rendering of someone or something** - This sense is also not relevant as it pertains to a physical or visual representation, not the presence of companies.

3. **The act of representing; standing in for someone or some group and speaking with authority in their behalf** - This sense is plausible because it involves the concept of representing a group. In this context, it could refer to American companies acting on behalf of or representing American interests.

4. **The state of serving as an official and authorized delegate or agent** - While related to representation, this sense is more about the state of being a delegate or agent, which isn't directly applicable to the count or presence of companies.

5. **A body of legislators that serve in behalf of some constituency** - This is not relevant as it specifically refers to legislators, not companies.

6. **A factual statement made by one party in order to induce another party to enter into a contract** - This sense is not applicable as it refers to statements made during contract negotiations, not the presence of companies.

7. **A performance of a play** - This is unrelated to the context as it pertains to theatrical performances.

8. **A statement of facts and reasons made in appealing or protesting** - This doesn't fit as it refers to making statements, not the presence or number of entities.

9. **The right of being represented by delegates who have a voice in some legislative body** - This is not relevant as it discusses a right related to legislative representation.

10. **An activity that stands as an equivalent of something or results in an equivalent** - This is too broad and doesn't directly relate to the presence or count of companies.

Given the context, the most suitable sense is **3. the act of representing; standing in for someone or some group and speaking with authority in their behalf**. The sentence is discussing the presence (or lack thereof) of American oil giants in Iraq's oil industry, implying their role or representation in that industry. Thus, "representation" here refers to the companies acting on behalf of or representing American interests in the oil industry.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "representation" in this context is 3.

{"sense_index": 3}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: oil
Target surface form: oil
Context:
The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American <t>oil</t> giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=oil%1:27:00:: | definition=a slippery or viscous liquid or liquefiable substance not miscible with water
2. sense_key=oil%1:06:01:: | definition=oil paint containing pigment that is used by an artist | synonyms=oil color, oil colour
3. sense_key=oil%1:27:01:: | definition=a dark oil consisting mainly of hydrocarbons | synonyms=petroleum, crude oil, crude, rock oil, fossil oil
4. sense_key=oil%1:13:00:: | definition=any of a group of liquid edible fats that are obtained from plants | synonyms=vegetable oil

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: giant
Target surface form: giants
Context:
The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil <t>giants</t> in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=giant%1:05:00:: | definition=any creature of exceptional size
2. sense_key=giant%1:18:01:: | definition=a person of exceptional importance and reputation | synonyms=colossus, behemoth, heavyweight, titan
3. sense_key=giant%1:14:00:: | definition=an unusually large enterprise | examples=Walton built a retail giant
4. sense_key=giant%1:18:03:: | definition=a very large person; impressive in size or qualities | synonyms=hulk, heavyweight, whale
5. sense_key=giant%1:18:00:: | definition=someone or something that is abnormally large and powerful | synonyms=goliath, behemoth, monster, colossus
6. sense_key=giant%1:18:02:: | definition=an imaginary figure of superhuman size and strength; appears in folklore and fairy tales
7. sense_key=giant%1:17:00:: | definition=a very bright star of large diameter and low density (relative to the Sun) | synonyms=giant star

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "giants" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses the Iraqi Oil Ministry's deals with foreign oil companies, highlighting the involvement of various countries' companies in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry. It specifically mentions the relatively low participation and success of American oil companies in these deals.

2. **Target Word Context**: The word "giants" is used in the phrase "American oil giants," indicating that it refers to major or significant American oil companies.

3. **Candidate Senses Analysis**:
   - **1. any creature of exceptional size**: This doesn't fit the context as it refers to living creatures, not companies.
   - **2. a person of exceptional importance and reputation**: While this could metaphorically apply to companies, it's more commonly used to describe individuals.
   - **3. an unusually large enterprise**: This directly corresponds with the usage of "giants" to describe major companies, such as in the example "Walton built a retail giant."
   - **4. a very large person; impressive in size or qualities**: This is more about individuals, not companies.
   - **5. someone or something that is abnormally large and powerful**: This could apply to companies but is broader and not as directly related to the business context as sense 3.
   - **6. an imaginary figure of superhuman size and strength**: This is unrelated to the context of companies.
   - **7. a very bright star of large diameter and low density**: This is specific to astronomy and unrelated to the context.

4. **Choosing the Best Sense**: Given the context and the definitions, **sense 3: an unusually large enterprise** is the most appropriate. The example "Walton built a retail giant" illustrates this usage, and "American oil giants" fits this description as it refers to major American oil companies.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "giants" in the given context is **3**.

{"sense_index": 3}