[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: analyst
Target surface form: analysts
Context:
The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised <t>analysts</t>. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=analyst%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is skilled at analyzing data
2. sense_key=analyst%1:18:02:: | definition=an expert who studies financial data (on credit or securities or sales or financial patterns etc.) and recommends appropriate business actions
3. sense_key=analyst%1:18:01:: | definition=a licensed practitioner of psychoanalysis | synonyms=psychoanalyst

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "analysts" in the given context, let's analyze the information provided.

The context discusses the Iraqi Oil Ministry's deals with foreign oil companies and the surprise among American observers regarding the meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry. The sentence specifically mentions that this situation "surprised analysts."

Now, let's examine the candidate senses:

1. Someone who is skilled at analyzing data.
2. An expert who studies financial data and recommends appropriate business actions.
3. A licensed practitioner of psychoanalysis (also known as a psychoanalyst).

The context revolves around the oil industry and business deals between Iraq and foreign oil companies. The term "analysts" here refers to individuals who are likely analyzing data related to the oil industry, business trends, or financial patterns.

While sense 1 is broad and could encompass various types of analysis, sense 2 is more specific to financial data and business actions, which aligns closely with the context of oil industry deals and business representation.

Sense 3 is unrelated to the context as it pertains to psychoanalysis, which is not relevant to the discussion about oil companies and business deals.

Given the context and the definitions, sense 1 ("someone who is skilled at analyzing data") is the most appropriate because it is broad enough to include analysis of data related to the oil industry and business trends. Although sense 2 is also relevant, the term "analysts" in this context doesn't necessarily imply they are recommending business actions; it simply states they are surprised, which could be due to their analysis of the situation.

Therefore, the best choice is sense 1.

{"sense_index": 1}


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: door
Target surface form: doors
Context:
American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its <t>doors</t> after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=door%1:06:00:: | definition=a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle | examples=he knocked on the door; he slammed the door as he left
2. sense_key=door%1:06:01:: | definition=the entrance (the space in a wall) through which you enter or leave a room or building; the space that a door can close | synonyms=doorway, room access, threshold | examples=he stuck his head in the doorway
3. sense_key=door%1:07:00:: | definition=anything providing a means of access (or escape) | examples=we closed the door to Haitian immigrants; education is the door to success
4. sense_key=door%1:06:04:: | definition=a structure where people live or work (usually ordered along a street or road) | examples=the office next door; they live two doors up the street from us
5. sense_key=door%1:06:03:: | definition=a room that is entered via a door | examples=his office is the third door down the hall on the left

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: year
Target surface form: years
Context:
American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six <t>years</t> of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=year%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days | synonyms=twelvemonth, yr | examples=she is 4 years old; in the year 1920
2. sense_key=year%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity | examples=a school year
3. sense_key=year%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun | examples=a Martian year takes 687 of our days
4. sense_key=year%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who graduate together | synonyms=class | examples=the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: war
Target surface form: war
Context:
American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of <t>war</t>, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=war%1:04:00:: | definition=the waging of armed conflict against an enemy | synonyms=warfare | examples=thousands of people were killed in the war
2. sense_key=war%1:26:00:: | definition=a legal state created by a declaration of war and ended by official declaration during which the international rules of war apply | synonyms=state of war | examples=war was declared in November but actual fighting did not begin until the following spring
3. sense_key=war%1:04:02:: | definition=an active struggle between competing entities | synonyms=warfare | examples=a price war; a war of wits
4. sense_key=war%1:04:01:: | definition=a concerted campaign to end something that is injurious | examples=the war on poverty; the war against crime

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "war" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses Iraq opening its oil industry after six years of "war". It mentions the participation of various countries' companies in Iraq's oil auctions and notes the surprise at the meager representation of American oil giants.

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The word "war" is used here to refer to a period of conflict or armed struggle.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. sense_key=war%1:04:00::**: Definition is "the waging of armed conflict against an enemy". This aligns with the general understanding of "war" as an armed conflict.
   - **2. sense_key=war%1:26:00::**: Refers to a "legal state created by a declaration of war and ended by official declaration". The context doesn't directly imply a declared state of war.
   - **3. sense_key=war%1:04:02::**: Defines "war" as "an active struggle between competing entities". While this is a valid use of "war", it's more metaphorical (e.g., "war of wits", "price war").
   - **4. sense_key=war%1:04:01::**: Refers to "a concerted campaign to end something injurious" (e.g., "war on poverty"). This is also a metaphorical use.

4. **Choosing the Best Sense**:
   - The context implies a period of armed conflict or struggle, which directly aligns with the first definition: "the waging of armed conflict against an enemy".
   - The passage doesn't discuss a legal or official state of war, a struggle between non-military entities, or a campaign against an abstract enemy like poverty.

5. **Conclusion**: The most appropriate sense of "war" in the given context is the first one, which corresponds to an armed conflict.

Therefore, the best indexed sense is: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: u.s.
Target surface form: U.S.
Context:
American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of <t>U.S.</t> companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=u.s.%1:14:00:: | definition=the executive and legislative and judicial branches of the federal government of the United States | synonyms=United States government, United States, U.S. government
2. sense_key=us%1:15:00:: | definition=North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776 | synonyms=United States, United States of America, America, the States, USA

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "U.S." in the given context, let's analyze the provided information.

The context discusses American companies and their participation in Iraq's oil industry auction. It mentions that instead of U.S. companies, Asians and Europeans are leading the way. This implies that "U.S." refers to the United States of America, specifically its companies or entities.

The two candidate senses are:
1. The executive and legislative and judicial branches of the federal government of the United States.
2. North American republic containing 50 states.

The context does not directly refer to the government branches but rather to "U.S. companies." While "U.S. companies" could be interpreted as companies based in or associated with the United States (the country), it is less directly related to the government.

Let's examine the synonyms and the context:
- For sense 1, synonyms include "United States government" and "U.S. government," which directly relate to the government.
- For sense 2, synonyms include "United States," "United States of America," and "America," which refer to the country.

The phrase "U.S. companies" is more naturally associated with companies from the United States of America rather than directly with the government. Thus, the reference is to the country or its nationals rather than its government.

Therefore, the best sense for "U.S." in this context is related to the country, which corresponds to sense 2.

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: company
Target surface form: companies
Context:
American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. <t>companies</t>, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=company%1:14:01:: | definition=an institution created to conduct business | examples=he only invests in large well-established companies; he started the company in his garage
2. sense_key=company%1:14:03:: | definition=small military unit; usually two or three platoons
3. sense_key=company%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being with someone | synonyms=companionship, fellowship, society | examples=he missed their company; he enjoyed the society of his friends
4. sense_key=company%1:14:02:: | definition=organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical) | synonyms=troupe | examples=the traveling company all stayed at the same hotel
5. sense_key=company%1:18:00:: | definition=a social or business visitor | synonyms=caller | examples=the room was a mess because he hadn't expected company
6. sense_key=company%1:14:00:: | definition=a social gathering of guests or companions | examples=the house was filled with company when I arrived
7. sense_key=company%1:14:06:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=party | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
8. sense_key=company%1:14:04:: | definition=crew of a ship including the officers; the whole force or personnel of a ship | synonyms=ship's company
9. sense_key=company%1:14:05:: | definition=a unit of firefighters including their equipment | examples=a hook-and-ladder company

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: editor
Target surface form: editor
Context:
American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the <t>editor</t> of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=editor%1:18:00:: | definition=a person responsible for the editorial aspects of publication; the person who determines the final content of a text (especially of a newspaper or magazine) | synonyms=editor in chief
2. sense_key=editor%1:10:00:: | definition=(computer science) a program designed to perform such editorial functions as rearrangement or modification or deletion of data | synonyms=editor program

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "editor" in the given context, let's analyze the information provided.

The context is discussing an online news outlet, "Iraq Oil Forum," and mentions "Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum." The discussion revolves around news and an analysis of the oil industry in Iraq, indicating that "Iraq Oil Forum" is a publication or a news source.

The two candidate senses provided for "editor" are:
1. A person responsible for the editorial aspects of publication.
2. A computer program designed to perform editorial functions.

Given the context, "Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum" refers to a person who is responsible for the editorial aspects of the publication "Iraq Oil Forum." The mention of "Ruba Husari" as a person and the context of an online news outlet aligns with the first sense, which involves a person determining the final content of a text, especially of a newspaper or magazine.

The second sense refers to a computer program, which doesn't fit the context since "Ruba Husari" is clearly a person being referred to, not a software program.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "editor" in this context is the first one, which corresponds to a person responsible for editorial aspects.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: news
Target surface form: news
Context:
American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online <t>news</t> outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=news%1:10:00:: | definition=information about recent and important events | synonyms=intelligence, tidings, word | examples=they awaited news of the outcome
2. sense_key=news%1:10:01:: | definition=information reported in a newspaper or news magazine | examples=the news of my death was greatly exaggerated
3. sense_key=news%1:10:02:: | definition=a program devoted to current events, often using interviews and commentary | synonyms=news program, news show | examples=we watch the 7 o'clock news every night
4. sense_key=news%1:10:03:: | definition=informal information of any kind that is not previously known to someone | examples=it was news to me
5. sense_key=news%1:07:00:: | definition=the quality of being sufficiently interesting to be reported in news bulletins | synonyms=newsworthiness | examples=the judge conceded the newsworthiness of the trial; he is no longer news in the fashion world

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "news" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The sentence where "news" appears is: "...Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet." Here, "news" is used to describe the type of content or information provided by "Iraq Oil Forum."

2. **Understanding the Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. news%1:10:00::**: Information about recent and important events. Synonyms include "intelligence, tidings, word." Example: "they awaited news of the outcome."
   - **2. news%1:10:01::**: Information reported in a newspaper or news magazine. Example: "the news of my death was greatly exaggerated."
   - **3. news%1:10:02::**: A program devoted to current events. Synonyms include "news program, news show." Example: "we watch the 7 o'clock news every night."
   - **4. news%1:10:03::**: Informal information of any kind that is not previously known to someone. Example: "it was news to me."
   - **5. news%1:07:00::**: The quality of being sufficiently interesting to be reported in news bulletins. Synonym: "newsworthiness." Example: "the judge conceded the newsworthiness of the trial; he is no longer news in the fashion world."

3. **Applying Context to Candidate Senses**:
   - The term "news outlet" suggests an organization or platform that disseminates news or current events information.
   - Sense 1 refers to the information itself, not the medium or platform.
   - Sense 2 is about information reported in a newspaper or news magazine, which could be related but is more specific to the content rather than the platform.
   - Sense 3 refers to a program, which is not directly related to an "outlet" unless it's a broadcast outlet, but the context doesn't specify the medium.
   - Sense 4 is too broad and informal for the context of an "online news outlet."
   - Sense 5 is about the quality of being newsworthy, not relevant to "news outlet."

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - The term "news outlet" is most closely related to an organization that provides news.
   - Senses 1 and 2 both relate to the type of information or content that a "news outlet" would provide.
   - Between these, Sense 2 ("information reported in a newspaper or news magazine") is closer because it refers to the type of content typically associated with a "news outlet," even though it specifies "newspaper or news magazine." The context is about an "online news outlet," which is a modern equivalent.

5. **Conclusion**: The best fit is Sense 2 because "news outlet" implies a source or platform for news, and the content it provides is akin to what's described in Sense 2, even though the medium is online rather than print.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "news" in the given context is **2**.

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: outlet
Target surface form: outlet
Context:
American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news <t>outlet</t>. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=outlet%1:06:01:: | definition=a place of business for retailing goods | synonyms=mercantile establishment, retail store, sales outlet
2. sense_key=outlet%1:06:02:: | definition=receptacle providing a place in a wiring system where current can be taken to run electrical devices | synonyms=wall socket, wall plug, electric outlet, electrical outlet, electric receptacle
3. sense_key=outlet%1:06:00:: | definition=an opening that permits escape or release | synonyms=exit, issue, way out | examples=he blocked the way out; the canyon had only one issue
4. sense_key=outlet%1:04:00:: | definition=activity that frees or expresses creative energy or emotion | synonyms=release, vent | examples=she had no other outlet for her feelings; he gave vent to his anger

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "outlet" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context is about Iraq opening its oil industry to foreign companies and the surprise that American oil giants were not leading the way. The sentence with the target word is: "Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet."

1. The first sense refers to a place of business for retailing goods. While this could potentially fit a broad interpretation of "outlet," the context specifically mentions "online news outlet," which doesn't directly relate to retailing goods.

2. The second sense is related to electrical receptacles, which is clearly not relevant to the context of "online news outlet."

3. The third sense refers to an opening that permits escape or release. This is a literal or physical interpretation and doesn't directly apply to the context of a news outlet.

4. The fourth sense is about an activity that frees or expresses creative energy or emotion. While this could be related to the concept of expressing or releasing information, it's not the most direct fit for the term "news outlet."

However, upon closer inspection, the term "outlet" in "online news outlet" is most closely related to the first sense, as it refers to a means or channel through which information (or goods, in a broader sense) is distributed or made available. An "online news outlet" is essentially a source or a channel for news, akin to a mercantile establishment being a source or channel for goods.

Thus, the best fit is the first sense, which corresponds to "a place of business for retailing goods" or more broadly, a channel or means of distribution. In this context, it refers to a news organization or publication.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: concern
Target surface form: Concerns
Context:
The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. <t>Concerns</t> over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=concern%1:09:00:: | definition=something that interests you because it is important or affects you | examples=the safety of the ship is the captain's concern
2. sense_key=concern%1:12:01:: | definition=an anxious feeling | synonyms=care, fear | examples=care had aged him; they hushed it up out of fear of public reaction
3. sense_key=concern%1:12:00:: | definition=a feeling of sympathy for someone or something | examples=She felt strong concern for those less fortunate
4. sense_key=concern%1:09:01:: | definition=something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness | synonyms=worry, headache, vexation | examples=New York traffic is a constant concern; it's a major worry
5. sense_key=concern%1:14:00:: | definition=a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it | synonyms=business, business concern, business organization, business organisation | examples=he bought his brother's business; a small mom-and-pop business

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "Concerns" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The sentence is: "Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq..."

Here, "Concerns" refers to worries or anxieties about something, specifically security and political instability in Iraq.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. something that interests you because it is important or affects you - While this is a possible interpretation, it is somewhat broad and doesn't directly convey the anxiety or worry associated with "Concerns" in the given context.

2. an anxious feeling - This sense aligns closely with the context, as "Concerns" is related to feelings of anxiety or worry about security and political instability.

3. a feeling of sympathy for someone or something - The context doesn't directly suggest that the concerns are driven by sympathy.

4. something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness - This sense fits well because "Concerns over security" implies that the issues with security are causing anxiety or worry.

5. a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it - This sense is not relevant to the context, as "Concerns" here does not refer to a business or organization.

Given the context and the examples, "Concerns" is best understood as referring to issues or matters that cause anxiety or worry, which aligns with sense 4: "something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness." The examples provided for this sense, such as "New York traffic is a constant concern; it's a major worry," further support this interpretation.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "Concerns" in the given context is sense 4.

{"sense_index": 4}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: security
Target surface form: security
Context:
The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over <t>security</t>, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=security%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being free from danger or injury | examples=we support the armed services in the name of national security
2. sense_key=security%1:21:01:: | definition=defense against financial failure; financial independence | synonyms=protection | examples=his pension gave him security in his old age; insurance provided protection against loss of wages due to illness
3. sense_key=security%1:12:00:: | definition=freedom from anxiety or fear | examples=the watch dog gave her a feeling of security
4. sense_key=security%1:21:04:: | definition=a formal declaration that documents a fact of relevance to finance and investment; the holder has a right to receive interest or dividends | synonyms=certificate | examples=he held several valuable securities
5. sense_key=security%1:21:00:: | definition=property that your creditor can claim in case you default on your obligation | synonyms=surety | examples=bankers are reluctant to lend without good security
6. sense_key=security%1:14:00:: | definition=a department responsible for the security of the institution's property and workers | synonyms=security department | examples=the head of security was a former policeman
7. sense_key=security%1:10:00:: | definition=a guarantee that an obligation will be met | synonyms=surety
8. sense_key=security%1:06:00:: | definition=an electrical device that sets off an alarm when someone tries to break in | synonyms=security system, security measure
9. sense_key=security%1:04:00:: | definition=measures taken as a precaution against theft or espionage or sabotage etc. | synonyms=security measures | examples=military security has been stepped up since the recent uprising

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "security" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The context is: "Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq..."

The word "security" here is related to the situation in Iraq, which is described with "massive coordinated bombings" and "political instability." This context suggests that "security" refers to the state of being free from danger or injury, which is directly related to the safety and protection from harm or violence.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. **the state of being free from danger or injury** - This matches the context as it relates to the safety situation in Iraq.
2. **defense against financial failure; financial independence** - Not directly relevant to the context of bombings and political instability.
3. **freedom from anxiety or fear** - While related to a psychological state, it's not directly relevant to the context of physical safety and political situation.
4. **a formal declaration that documents a fact of relevance to finance and investment** - This is related to financial securities, not relevant to the context.
5. **property that your creditor can claim in case you default on your obligation** - Also related to financial contexts, not relevant here.
6. **a department responsible for the security of the institution's property and workers** - While related to security, it's more about an organizational department, not the state of being secure.
7. **a guarantee that an obligation will be met** - Again, related to financial or legal contexts, not directly relevant.
8. **an electrical device that sets off an alarm when someone tries to break in** - This refers to a specific security measure or device, not the overall state of security.
9. **measures taken as a precaution against theft or espionage or sabotage etc.** - While related to the concept of security, it's more about specific actions taken.

The context clearly indicates that "security" refers to the general state of safety and protection from danger or injury, which is most closely aligned with sense definition 1: "the state of being free from danger or injury."

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "security" in this context is the first one.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bombing
Target surface form: bombings
Context:
The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated <t>bombings</t> Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bombing%1:04:00:: | definition=an attack by dropping bombs | synonyms=bombardment
2. sense_key=bombing%1:04:01:: | definition=the use of bombs for sabotage; a tactic frequently used by terrorists

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "bombings" in the given context, let's analyze the information provided.

The context discusses concerns over security in Iraq due to various factors, including "massive coordinated bombings" on a Tuesday. The discussion is centered around the impact of these security concerns on American oil companies' involvement in Iraq's oil industry.

1. The first sense provided is defined as "an attack by dropping bombs" with the synonym "bombardment." This sense typically implies a more conventional military action.

2. The second sense is defined as "the use of bombs for sabotage; a tactic frequently used by terrorists." This implies a non-conventional or terrorist-related activity.

Given the context, the "bombings" are described as "massive coordinated" and are mentioned alongside concerns over security and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws. This scenario suggests that the bombings are likely acts of terrorism or sabotage rather than conventional military bombing campaigns, which are typically associated with an ongoing conflict or war between nations or states.

The sentence context and the examples suggest that the bombings are acts intended to disrupt or create fear, fitting the description of sabotage or terrorism. Therefore, the most appropriate sense is the one related to the use of bombs for sabotage, which is frequently associated with terrorist activities.

The best indexed sense for "bombings" in this context is the second one.

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: instability
Target surface form: instability
Context:
The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political <t>instability</t> as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=instability%1:26:00:: | definition=an unstable order
2. sense_key=instability%1:07:01:: | definition=unreliability attributable to being unstable
3. sense_key=instability%1:26:01:: | definition=a lack of balance or state of disequilibrium | synonyms=imbalance, unbalance | examples=a hormonal imbalance
4. sense_key=instability%1:07:00:: | definition=the quality or attribute of being unstable and irresolute | synonyms=unstableness

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "instability" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context discusses the situation in Iraq after six years of war, focusing on the oil industry and the concerns that kept American oil companies from investing more. The specific sentence with the target word is: "Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq..."

The word "instability" is used alongside "political" and is related to the withdrawal of the U.S. military, indicating a situation of uncertainty or unreliability in the political environment.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. **"an unstable order"** - This definition could relate to a political context, suggesting a disorder or lack of stability in the political structure or order.

2. **"unreliability attributable to being unstable"** - This is a broad definition that could apply to various contexts, including political, but is more about the attribute of being unstable.

3. **"a lack of balance or state of disequilibrium"** - While this could be interpreted in various ways, it's more commonly associated with physical or physiological contexts (e.g., "a hormonal imbalance").

4. **"the quality or attribute of being unstable and irresolute"** - This definition leans more towards describing the character or behavior of individuals or entities rather than a situation or condition like political instability.

Given the context, "political instability" refers to a situation where the political environment is uncertain, potentially volatile, and not stable. This aligns most closely with the first definition, **"an unstable order"**, as it directly pertains to a political context and implies a lack of stability in the political order or structure.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "instability" in this context is the first one.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: u.s.
Target surface form: U.S.
Context:
The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the <t>U.S.</t> military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=u.s.%1:14:00:: | definition=the executive and legislative and judicial branches of the federal government of the United States | synonyms=United States government, United States, U.S. government
2. sense_key=us%1:15:00:: | definition=North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776 | synonyms=United States, United States of America, America, the States, USA

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "U.S." in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses the involvement of American companies, specifically oil giants, in Iraq's oil industry. It mentions the surprise at the lack of participation by U.S. companies, attributing this to concerns over security and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws. The context revolves around the actions and presence of the United States (its companies and military) in relation to Iraq.

2. **Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1**: Refers to "the executive and legislative and judicial branches of the federal government of the United States." This implies the government or governmental actions of the U.S.
   - **Sense 2**: Refers to "North American republic containing 50 states..." which is a geographical and political definition of the United States.

3. **Analysis of "U.S." in Context**: The term "U.S." is used in two relevant instances:
   - "...instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way..."
   - "...concerns over security... and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws..."

   In both cases, "U.S." refers to something related to or originating from the United States. The first instance clearly refers to companies from the United States. The second instance refers to the military of the United States.

4. **Relating to Candidate Senses**:
   - The first instance ("U.S. companies") could relate to either sense, as companies can be seen as part of the broader entity that is the United States (Sense 2) or as being influenced or associated with the government (Sense 1).
   - The second instance ("U.S. military") directly relates to Sense 1, as the military is a part of the government's apparatus.

5. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - Given that "U.S. military" is directly related to the government or governmental actions, and considering that the context involves governmental or national entities (companies and military), the most relevant sense is Sense 1, which directly pertains to the government or its branches, including its military.

6. **Conclusion**: The best indexed sense for "U.S." in the given context is Sense 1.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: world
Target surface form: world
Context:
The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the <t>world</t>'s third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=world%1:17:01:: | definition=everything that exists anywhere | synonyms=universe, existence, creation, cosmos, macrocosm | examples=they study the evolution of the universe; the biggest tree in existence
2. sense_key=world%1:14:01:: | definition=people in general; especially a distinctive group of people with some shared interest | synonyms=domain | examples=the Western world
3. sense_key=world%1:09:00:: | definition=all of your experiences that determine how things appear to you | synonyms=reality | examples=his world was shattered; we live in different worlds
4. sense_key=world%1:17:00:: | definition=the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on | synonyms=Earth, globe | examples=the Earth moves around the sun; he sailed around the world
5. sense_key=world%1:14:02:: | definition=people in general considered as a whole | synonyms=populace, public | examples=he is a hero in the eyes of the public
6. sense_key=world%1:17:02:: | definition=a part of the earth that can be considered separately | examples=the outdoor world; the world of insects
7. sense_key=world%1:09:01:: | definition=the concerns of this life as distinguished from heaven and the afterlife | synonyms=worldly concern, earthly concern, earth | examples=they consider the church to be independent of the world
8. sense_key=world%1:05:00:: | definition=all of the living human inhabitants of the earth | synonyms=human race, humanity, humankind, human beings, humans, mankind | examples=all the world loves a lover; she always used `humankind' because `mankind' seemed to slight the women

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "world" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The sentence is: "...Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said."

Here, "world's" is used to indicate that Iraq has the third-largest proven crude reserves among all countries or entities globally.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. **everything that exists anywhere** - This sense is too broad and doesn't fit the context of comparing or ranking countries based on crude reserves.
2. **people in general; especially a distinctive group of people with some shared interest** - While this sense can refer to a global context, it's more about groups of people rather than a geographical or quantitative ranking.
3. **all of your experiences that determine how things appear to you** - This is more about an individual's perception or reality, not relevant to the context.
4. **the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on** - While "world" can refer to Earth, the phrase "world's third-largest proven crude reserves" is more about a global ranking than referring to the planet itself.
5. **people in general considered as a whole** - Similar to sense 2, this is about people, not directly relevant to the context of crude reserves.
6. **a part of the earth that can be considered separately** - This could potentially fit, as it refers to a segment or aspect of the Earth or its features.
7. **the concerns of this life as distinguished from heaven and the afterlife** - This sense is not relevant to the context of crude reserves or global rankings.
8. **all of the living human inhabitants of the earth** - Similar to senses 2 and 5, this is more about people than about a global quantity or ranking.

The phrase "world's third-largest proven crude reserves" implies a global context or ranking. The closest sense that fits this context is **people in general; especially a distinctive group of people with some shared interest (sense 2)**, as it can be interpreted to mean "of all countries" or "globally." However, a more precise interpretation in this context is that "world" is used to denote a global or universal context, which is somewhat related to but not directly listed as a distinct sense in the provided options.

Upon closer inspection, the most suitable interpretation is that "world" is used to signify a global context or ranking, which aligns with the idea of "all of the living human inhabitants of the earth" or more broadly, a global or universal context. However, the exact phrasing "world's third-largest" is more about a superlative or comparative ranking on a global scale.

The best fit, given the context and the available choices, is **2. people in general; especially a distinctive group of people with some shared interest**, as it can be stretched to imply a global context or community of nations, even though it's not a perfect fit. The phrase is used to indicate a superlative (third-largest) on a global scale.

Therefore, the best indexed sense is: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: analyst
Target surface form: analysts
Context:
The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, <t>analysts</t> said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=analyst%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is skilled at analyzing data
2. sense_key=analyst%1:18:02:: | definition=an expert who studies financial data (on credit or securities or sales or financial patterns etc.) and recommends appropriate business actions
3. sense_key=analyst%1:18:01:: | definition=a licensed practitioner of psychoanalysis | synonyms=psychoanalyst

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "analysts" in the given context, let's analyze the information provided.

The context revolves around the oil industry, specifically Iraq's opening its doors to oil companies after years of war, and the participation (or lack thereof) of American oil giants in this process. The sentence mentions that the meager representation of American oil giants surprised "analysts," and later, it quotes "analysts" saying that it will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq.

The candidate senses provided are:
1. Someone who is skilled at analyzing data.
2. An expert who studies financial data and recommends appropriate business actions.
3. A licensed practitioner of psychoanalysis (also known as a psychoanalyst).

Let's examine the context and the candidate senses:
- The topic is about the oil industry and business deals.
- The term "analysts" is used in relation to observing and commenting on the participation of American oil companies in Iraq's oil industry.

Given this context, we can assess the candidate senses:
1. "Someone who is skilled at analyzing data" is a broad definition that could apply to various fields, including business and finance. It's plausible.
2. "An expert who studies financial data and recommends appropriate business actions" directly relates to the context of oil companies, financial deals, and business strategies, making it highly relevant.
3. "A licensed practitioner of psychoanalysis" is unrelated to the context of oil industry analysis.

The context suggests that the "analysts" are commenting on business and financial matters related to the oil industry. While sense 1 is broad and could encompass financial analysis, sense 2 is more specific to financial and business analysis, making it a more precise fit for the context.

Therefore, the best sense for "analysts" in this context is sense 2, as it directly pertains to experts analyzing financial data and recommending business actions, which aligns with the discussion about oil companies and their business strategies.

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: u.s.
Target surface form: U.S.
Context:
Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. <t>U.S.</t> firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders. Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached deals with the ministry.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=u.s.%1:14:00:: | definition=the executive and legislative and judicial branches of the federal government of the United States | synonyms=United States government, United States, U.S. government
2. sense_key=us%1:15:00:: | definition=North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776 | synonyms=United States, United States of America, America, the States, USA

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "U.S." in the given context, let's analyze the provided information and context.

The context discusses American companies, Iraq's oil industry, and the involvement of U.S. firms in this industry, comparing them to other international companies. The term "U.S." is used to refer to entities related to the United States, specifically in the context of business and geopolitics.

The two candidate senses provided are:
1. The United States government (u.s.%1:14:00::)
2. The United States of America as a country (us%1:15:00::)

Let's examine the context to decide which sense fits best:
- The sentence mentions "U.S. companies" and "U.S. military," indicating that "U.S." is being used to refer to aspects related to the United States.
- The first mention of "U.S. companies" is in contrast to "Asians and Europeans," suggesting a national or geographic identifier.
- The term "U.S. military" directly relates to the government or the country as a geopolitical entity.

However, upon closer inspection, "U.S." is used to describe both companies (which could be seen as related to the country) and the military (which is directly related to the government). The key is understanding whether "U.S." is being used more to denote nationality or to specifically refer to the government.

In the given context, "U.S." is used to describe firms and the military. While "U.S. military" directly relates to the government (sense 1), "U.S. firms" could be seen as related to the country or nationality (sense 2). However, both uses are closely related and not entirely distinct since both are attributes of the United States.

Upon closer examination, the use of "U.S." to describe firms is more about their nationality or origin rather than directly referring to the government. However, the distinction is subtle because the nationality of the firms is tied to the country, and the military is an arm of the government.

The best approach is to consider which of the provided senses is more encompassing or directly related to the uses in the context. The term "U.S." is used in a way that relates to the country and its entities (both companies and the military).

Given the context and the definitions:
- Sense 1 refers to the "United States government," which is directly relevant when discussing the "U.S. military" but may not fully capture the reference to "U.S. companies."
- Sense 2 refers to the "United States of America" as a country, which encompasses both the government and other national entities like companies.

Therefore, considering the broader application of "U.S." to both companies and the military, and understanding that both are aspects of or related to the United States, the most appropriate sense is the one that refers to the country, as it is more inclusive of the different ways "U.S." is used in the context.

The first candidate sense is indexed as 1, and the second as 2.

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: case
Target surface form: cases
Context:
Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some <t>cases</t> at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders. Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached deals with the ministry.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=case%1:11:00:: | definition=an occurrence of something | synonyms=instance, example | examples=it was a case of bad judgment; another instance occurred yesterday
2. sense_key=case%1:26:00:: | definition=a special set of circumstances | synonyms=event | examples=in that event, the first possibility is excluded; it may rain in which case the picnic will be canceled
3. sense_key=case%1:04:00:: | definition=a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy | synonyms=lawsuit, suit, cause, causa | examples=the family brought suit against the landlord
4. sense_key=case%1:09:00:: | definition=the actual state of things | examples=that was not the case
5. sense_key=case%1:06:00:: | definition=a portable container for carrying several objects | examples=the musicians left their instrument cases backstage
6. sense_key=case%1:18:03:: | definition=a person requiring professional services | examples=a typical case was the suburban housewife described by a marriage counselor
7. sense_key=case%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who is subjected to experimental or other observational procedures; someone who is an object of investigation | synonyms=subject, guinea pig | examples=the subjects for this investigation were selected randomly; the cases that we studied were drawn from two different communities
8. sense_key=case%1:10:02:: | definition=a problem requiring investigation | examples=Perry Mason solved the case of the missing heir
9. sense_key=case%1:10:01:: | definition=a statement of facts and reasons used to support an argument | examples=he stated his case clearly
10. sense_key=case%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity contained in a case | synonyms=caseful
11. sense_key=case%1:10:00:: | definition=nouns or pronouns or adjectives (often marked by inflection) related in some way to other words in a sentence | synonyms=grammatical case
12. sense_key=case%1:26:02:: | definition=a specific state of mind that is temporary | examples=a case of the jitters
13. sense_key=case%1:18:04:: | definition=a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities) | synonyms=character, eccentric, type | examples=a real character; a strange character
14. sense_key=case%1:10:03:: | definition=a specific size and style of type within a type family | synonyms=font, fount, typeface, face
15. sense_key=case%1:08:00:: | definition=an enveloping structure or covering enclosing an animal or plant organ or part | synonyms=sheath
16. sense_key=case%1:06:06:: | definition=the housing or outer covering of something | synonyms=shell, casing | examples=the clock has a walnut case
17. sense_key=case%1:06:07:: | definition=the enclosing frame around a door or window opening | synonyms=casing | examples=the casings had rotted away and had to be replaced
18. sense_key=case%1:06:03:: | definition=(printing) the receptacle in which a compositor has his type, which is divided into compartments for the different letters, spaces, or numbers | synonyms=compositor's case, typesetter's case | examples=for English, a compositor will ordinarily have two such cases, the upper case containing the capitals and the lower case containing the small letters
19. sense_key=case%1:06:02:: | definition=bed linen consisting of a cover for a pillow | synonyms=pillowcase, slip, pillow slip | examples=the burglar carried his loot in a pillowcase
20. sense_key=case%1:06:01:: | definition=a glass container used to store and display items in a shop or museum or home | synonyms=display case, showcase, vitrine

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "cases" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The sentence is: "U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders."

The word "cases" here is used to indicate instances or examples where something happens or is true. The context is discussing the relative positions of U.S. firms versus their rivals, particularly from China, in Iraq's oil industry.

Let's look at the candidate senses:

1. "an occurrence of something" - This sense fits the context as "cases" refers to instances where U.S. firms were at a disadvantage.
2. "a special set of circumstances" - While this could potentially fit, it's less directly related to the plural form "cases" indicating multiple instances.
3. "a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law" - This is not relevant to the context.
4. "the actual state of things" - This doesn't fit the usage of "cases" as it refers to specific instances rather than a general state.
5. and other senses - Most of the other senses relate to physical containers, legal proceedings, grammatical cases, or specific conditions, which don't fit the context.

The use of "in some cases" is idiomatic, indicating "sometimes" or "on some occasions." The closest WordNet sense that matches this usage is the first one: "an occurrence of something," with synonyms "instance" and "example."

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "cases" in the given context is the first one.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: government
Target surface form: government
Context:
Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other <t>government</t> controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders. Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached deals with the ministry.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=government%1:14:00:: | definition=the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit | synonyms=authorities, regime | examples=the government reduced taxes; the matter was referred to higher authorities
2. sense_key=government%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of governing; exercising authority | synonyms=governing, governance, government activity, administration | examples=regulations for the governing of state prisons; he had considerable experience of government
3. sense_key=government%1:09:00:: | definition=(government) the system or form by which a community or other political unit is governed | examples=tyrannical government
4. sense_key=government%1:09:01:: | definition=the study of government of states and other political units | synonyms=politics, political science

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "government" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context discusses Iraq's oil industry and how American companies are at a disadvantage compared to their Asian and European counterparts, particularly those controlled by their governments. The sentence specifically mentions "rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms."

1. The first sense refers to "the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit." While this is related, the context specifically talks about "government-controlled" firms, which implies the involvement or ownership by a government.

2. The second sense is about "the act of governing; exercising authority." This doesn't directly fit the context because the phrase "government-controlled" is more about the ownership or control by a government rather than the act of governing.

3. The third sense refers to "the system or form by which a community or other political unit is governed." Again, while related, this doesn't directly fit the context of "government-controlled" energy firms.

4. The fourth sense is about "the study of government of states and other political units," which is not relevant to the context.

Given the context, the phrase "government-controlled energy firms" suggests that the word "government" is being used to refer to the governing authority or organization of a political unit. The closest sense that fits this usage is the first one, as it refers to "the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit." The term "government-controlled" indicates that the firms are controlled by such an organization.

Therefore, the best sense for "government" in this context is related to the governing authority, which aligns with sense index 1.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: energy
Target surface form: energy
Context:
Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled <t>energy</t> firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders. Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached deals with the ministry.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=energy%1:19:00:: | definition=(physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs | synonyms=free energy | examples=energy can take a wide variety of forms
2. sense_key=energy%1:07:00:: | definition=forceful exertion | synonyms=vigor, vigour, zip | examples=he plays tennis with great energy; he's full of zip
3. sense_key=energy%1:07:02:: | definition=enterprising or ambitious drive | synonyms=push, get-up-and-go | examples=Europeans often laugh at American energy
4. sense_key=energy%1:07:01:: | definition=an imaginative lively style (especially style of writing) | synonyms=muscularity, vigor, vigour, vim | examples=his writing conveys great energy; a remarkable muscularity of style
5. sense_key=energy%1:26:00:: | definition=a healthy capacity for vigorous activity | synonyms=vim, vitality | examples=jogging works off my excess energy; he seemed full of vim and vigor
6. sense_key=energy%1:19:01:: | definition=any source of usable power | examples=the DOE is responsible for maintaining the energy policy
7. sense_key=energy%1:14:00:: | definition=the federal department responsible for maintaining a national energy policy of the United States; created in 1977 | synonyms=Department of Energy, Energy Department, DOE

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "energy" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context is about American companies and their involvement in Iraq's oil industry. It mentions that U.S. firms were at a disadvantage because their rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government-controlled energy firms, have lower labor costs and are more willing to take risks.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. **(physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work** - This sense is related to physics and doesn't directly relate to the context of companies or oil industry operations.

2. **forceful exertion** - While this could relate to the vigor or enthusiasm with which companies operate, it's not directly related to the type of companies being discussed.

3. **enterprising or ambitious drive** - This sense could apply to companies, as it refers to their drive or initiative. However, the context specifically highlights the advantage of certain companies being government-controlled.

4. **an imaginative lively style (especially style of writing)** - This is not relevant to the context, as it pertains to writing or expression rather than companies or their operations.

5. **a healthy capacity for vigorous activity** - This refers more to individuals or their physical/mental state rather than companies.

6. **any source of usable power** - The context is about companies involved in the energy sector, particularly oil. This sense is relevant as it refers to sources of power or energy, which aligns with the oil industry.

7. **the federal department responsible for maintaining a national energy policy of the United States** - This is a specific government department and doesn't fit the context of "energy firms" as companies operating in the energy sector.

Given the context, the term "energy firms" refers to companies that operate in the energy sector, such as those involved in oil extraction or production. The most relevant sense is **any source of usable power** (sense_index: 6), as it directly relates to the energy sector and companies operating within it.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "energy" in the given context is related to companies involved in the energy sector.

{"sense_index": 6}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: company
Target surface form: companies
Context:
The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders. Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American <t>companies</t> that reached deals with the ministry. Major U.S. firms such as Chevron and ConocoPhillips, which have cultivated close ties with the Iraqi Oil Ministry and have provided technical advice in recent years, walked away empty-handed.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=company%1:14:01:: | definition=an institution created to conduct business | examples=he only invests in large well-established companies; he started the company in his garage
2. sense_key=company%1:14:03:: | definition=small military unit; usually two or three platoons
3. sense_key=company%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being with someone | synonyms=companionship, fellowship, society | examples=he missed their company; he enjoyed the society of his friends
4. sense_key=company%1:14:02:: | definition=organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical) | synonyms=troupe | examples=the traveling company all stayed at the same hotel
5. sense_key=company%1:18:00:: | definition=a social or business visitor | synonyms=caller | examples=the room was a mess because he hadn't expected company
6. sense_key=company%1:14:00:: | definition=a social gathering of guests or companions | examples=the house was filled with company when I arrived
7. sense_key=company%1:14:06:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=party | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
8. sense_key=company%1:14:04:: | definition=crew of a ship including the officers; the whole force or personnel of a ship | synonyms=ship's company
9. sense_key=company%1:14:05:: | definition=a unit of firefighters including their equipment | examples=a hook-and-ladder company

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "companies" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context is about the representation of American oil giants in Iraq's oil industry and how U.S. companies were not as involved as expected due to various reasons such as security concerns and competition from other countries' companies, particularly those with lower labor costs and different operational structures.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. **an institution created to conduct business** - This sense fits well with the context as it discusses U.S. and other countries' companies operating in Iraq's oil industry.
2. **small military unit; usually two or three platoons** - The context does mention the U.S. military, but it does not refer to "companies" in a military unit sense.
3. **the state of being with someone** - This sense does not fit the context as "companies" here refers to entities, not the state of companionship.
4. **organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical)** - There's no mention of performances or theatrical activities.
5. **a social or business visitor** - The context doesn't imply that "companies" refers to visitors.
6. **a social gathering of guests or companions** - The text doesn't discuss social gatherings.
7. **a band of people associated temporarily in some activity** - While this could potentially fit a broad interpretation, it's less specific to business entities than sense 1.
8. **crew of a ship including the officers; the whole force or personnel of a ship** - There's no mention of ships or their crews.
9. **a unit of firefighters including their equipment** - The context is about oil companies, not firefighting units.

Given the context, the most appropriate sense is the one that refers to an institution created to conduct business. This is the first candidate sense.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "companies" in the given context is: {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: deal
Target surface form: deals
Context:
The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders. Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached <t>deals</t> with the ministry. Major U.S. firms such as Chevron and ConocoPhillips, which have cultivated close ties with the Iraqi Oil Ministry and have provided technical advice in recent years, walked away empty-handed.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=deal%1:04:02:: | definition=a particular instance of buying or selling | synonyms=trade, business deal | examples=it was a package deal; I had no further trade with him
2. sense_key=deal%1:10:00:: | definition=an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each | synonyms=bargain | examples=he made a bargain with the devil; he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals
3. sense_key=deal%1:23:00:: | definition=(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent | synonyms=batch, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful, heap | examples=a batch of letters; a deal of trouble
4. sense_key=deal%1:27:00:: | definition=a plank of softwood (fir or pine board)
5. sense_key=deal%1:27:01:: | definition=wood that is easy to saw (from conifers such as pine or fir) | synonyms=softwood
6. sense_key=deal%1:14:00:: | definition=the cards held in a card game by a given player at any given time | synonyms=hand | examples=I didn't hold a good hand all evening; he kept trying to see my hand
7. sense_key=deal%1:11:00:: | definition=the type of treatment received (especially as the result of an agreement) | examples=he got a good deal on his car
8. sense_key=deal%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of distributing playing cards | examples=the deal was passed around the table clockwise
9. sense_key=deal%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of apportioning or distributing something | examples=the captain was entrusted with the deal of provisions

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: ministry
Target surface form: ministry
Context:
The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders. Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached deals with the <t>ministry</t>. Major U.S. firms such as Chevron and ConocoPhillips, which have cultivated close ties with the Iraqi Oil Ministry and have provided technical advice in recent years, walked away empty-handed.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ministry%1:14:01:: | definition=religious ministers collectively (especially Presbyterian)
2. sense_key=ministry%1:06:00:: | definition=building where the business of a government department is transacted
3. sense_key=ministry%1:14:00:: | definition=a government department under the direction of a minister
4. sense_key=ministry%1:04:00:: | definition=the work of a minister of religion | examples=he is studying for the ministry

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "ministry" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses the oil industry in Iraq and mentions various international companies, including American, Asian, and European firms, and their interactions with the Iraqi government regarding oil deals. The term "ministry" is used in the context of Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. reaching deals with the "ministry," and it refers to the Iraqi Oil Ministry.

2. **Understanding the Term "Ministry"**: In this context, "ministry" is related to a government department. The specific mention of "Iraqi Oil Ministry" indicates that it is a part of the government responsible for oil-related matters.

3. **Examining the Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. sense_key=ministry%1:14:01:: | definition=religious ministers collectively (especially Presbyterian)**: This sense is related to religious ministers, which doesn't fit the context of oil industry and government departments.
   - **2. sense_key=ministry%1:06:00:: | definition=building where the business of a government department is transacted**: While this could be a plausible sense as it relates to government, it specifically refers to a building, which is not directly indicated by the context.
   - **3. sense_key=ministry%1:14:00:: | definition=a government department under the direction of a minister**: This sense directly relates to a government department, which aligns with the context of the "Iraqi Oil Ministry" being a part of the government.
   - **4. sense_key=ministry%1:04:00:: | definition=the work of a minister of religion**: This sense is related to the work of a religious minister, which is not relevant to the context.

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**: Based on the context and the definitions provided, the most appropriate sense is **3. a government department under the direction of a minister**, as it directly corresponds to the "Iraqi Oil Ministry" being a government department.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "ministry" in the given context is: {"sense_index": 3}.