[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: left
Target surface form: left
Context:
Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (<t>left</t> to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=left%1:15:00:: | definition=location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east | examples=she stood on the left
2. sense_key=left%1:14:00:: | definition=those who support varying degrees of social or political or economic change designed to promote the public welfare | synonyms=left wing
3. sense_key=left%1:08:00:: | definition=the hand that is on the left side of the body | synonyms=left hand | examples=jab with your left
4. sense_key=left%1:06:00:: | definition=the piece of ground in the outfield on the catcher's left | synonyms=left field | examples=the batter flied out to left
5. sense_key=left%1:04:00:: | definition=a turn toward the side of the body that is on the north when the person is facing east | examples=take a left at the corner

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "left" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The sentence where "left" appears is: "Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee." The phrase "left to right" is commonly used to indicate the order in which people are standing or items are listed, starting from the left side and moving towards the right side.

2. **Understanding the Phrase "left to right"**: This phrase is typically used to describe the order of listing or arrangement of items or people from the left side to the right side of a reference point, often the viewer's perspective or the direction the subjects are facing.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. location near or direction toward the left side**: This sense fits the context of "left to right" as it refers to a direction or relative position.
   - **2. those who support varying degrees of social or political or economic change**: This sense is related to political ideology and doesn't fit the given context.
   - **3. the hand that is on the left side of the body**: While related to the concept of "left," it's more specific to the hand and doesn't directly apply to the phrase "left to right" in the context of listing or ordering.
   - **4. the piece of ground in the outfield on the catcher's left**: This is a sports-related term and doesn't fit the context.
   - **5. a turn toward the side of the body that is on the north when the person is facing east**: This describes a directional turn and is not directly related to the listing or ordering indicated by "left to right."

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**: The phrase "left to right" is used to indicate the order of listing or arrangement. The most relevant sense here is related to the direction or relative position, which is described by sense 1.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "left" in the given context is **1**.

The response in the required JSON format is: {"sense_index": 1}


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: right
Target surface form: right
Context:
Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to <t>right</t>) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=right%1:07:00:: | definition=an abstract idea of that which is due to a person or governmental body by law or tradition or nature; ; - Eleanor Roosevelt | examples=they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights; Certain rights can never be granted to the government but must be kept in the hands of the people
2. sense_key=right%1:15:00:: | definition=location near or direction toward the right side; i.e. the side to the south when a person or object faces east | examples=he stood on the right
3. sense_key=right%1:06:00:: | definition=the piece of ground in the outfield on the catcher's right | synonyms=right field
4. sense_key=right%1:14:00:: | definition=those who support political or social or economic conservatism; those who believe that things are better left unchanged | synonyms=right wing
5. sense_key=right%1:08:00:: | definition=the hand that is on the right side of the body | synonyms=right hand | examples=he writes with his right hand but pitches with his left; hit him with quick rights to the body
6. sense_key=right%1:04:00:: | definition=a turn toward the side of the body that is on the south when the person is facing east | examples=take a right at the corner
7. sense_key=right%1:07:01:: | definition=anything in accord with principles of justice | synonyms=rightfulness | examples=he feels he is in the right; the rightfulness of his claim
8. sense_key=right%1:21:00:: | definition=(frequently plural) the interest possessed by law or custom in some intangible thing | examples=mineral rights; film rights

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: employment
Target surface form: Employment
Context:
Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, <t>Employment</t>, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=employment%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being employed or having a job | synonyms=employ | examples=they are looking for employment; he was in the employ of the city
2. sense_key=employment%1:04:00:: | definition=the occupation for which you are paid | synonyms=work | examples=he is looking for employment; a lot of people are out of work
3. sense_key=employment%1:04:02:: | definition=the act of giving someone a job | synonyms=engagement
4. sense_key=employment%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of using | synonyms=use, usage, utilization, utilisation, exercise | examples=he warned against the use of narcotic drugs; skilled in the utilization of computers

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "Employment" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The context is about a European conference on social exclusion and a study related to the EPOC project, which assesses direct participation in work and its impact. The sentence where "Employment" appears lists key speakers at the conference, including Cristina Louro from the "Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission".

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The target word is "Employment" as it appears in the title of a directorate within the European Commission.

3. **Analyzing Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. the state of being employed or having a job**: This sense refers to the condition of being employed. While relevant to the broader context of work and employment, it doesn't directly fit the usage in the title of a directorate.
   - **2. the occupation for which you are paid**: This refers to a person's job or profession. Again, not directly fitting the context of a directorate's title.
   - **3. the act of giving someone a job**: This sense is about the action of employing someone. A directorate within the European Commission could plausibly be concerned with this, as it involves policies or actions related to employment.
   - **4. the act of using**: This is more about utilization or application of something, which is less directly related to the context of employment in the sense of jobs or work.

4. **Making a Decision**:
   - The title "Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate" suggests that the directorate is concerned with matters related to employment, among other things. The word "Employment" here is likely related to policies, actions, or aspects concerning giving people jobs or managing employment-related issues.
   - Sense 3 ("the act of giving someone a job") aligns with this understanding, as it involves the concept of employing or the process related to employment.

5. **Conclusion**: The best indexed sense for "Employment" in this context is **3**, as it relates to the act of giving someone a job or employment-related policies and actions, fitting the context of a directorate's title within the European Commission.

{"sense_index": 3}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: industrial
Target surface form: Industrial
Context:
Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, <t>Industrial</t> Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=industrial%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to or resulting from industry | examples=industrial output
2. sense_key=industrial%3:00:00:: | definition=having highly developed industries | examples=the industrial revolution; an industrial nation
3. sense_key=industrial%5:00:00:blue-collar:00 | definition=employed in industry | examples=the industrial classes; industrial work
4. sense_key=industrial%5:00:00:heavy-duty:00 | definition=suitable to stand up to hard wear | examples=industrial carpeting

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "Industrial" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The context revolves around a European conference on social exclusion, a study on direct participation in workplaces, and initiatives to improve the recruitment, training, and development of ageing workers. The term "Industrial Relations" is used alongside "Employment" and "Social Affairs" as part of a directorate within the European Commission.

2. **Understanding the Term "Industrial"**: In this context, "Industrial" is used as part of the phrase "Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate." This suggests that "Industrial" relates to industries or the industrial sector, particularly in the context of labor or employment.

3. **Examining the Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. of or relating to or resulting from industry**: This definition fits well with the use of "Industrial" in "Industrial Relations," which refers to the relationships between employees, employers, and government in the industrial sector.
   - **2. having highly developed industries**: While this could potentially relate to some contexts involving "industrial," it doesn't directly fit the specific use in "Industrial Relations."
   - **3. employed in industry**: This definition could relate to "industrial" in certain contexts but doesn't directly apply to "Industrial Relations" as a field or directorate.
   - **4. suitable to stand up to hard wear**: This definition is more related to products or materials designed for heavy use and doesn't fit the context of "Industrial Relations."

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - The phrase "Industrial Relations" is a common term used to describe the interactions and relationships between employers, employees, and government. The most relevant definition of "Industrial" here is related to industry or the industrial sector.
   - Sense 1 ("of or relating to or resulting from industry") is the most appropriate as it directly relates to the context of "Industrial Relations" within the European Commission's directorate.

5. **Conclusion**: Based on the context and the definitions provided, the best indexed sense for "Industrial" is the first one.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: commission
Target surface form: Commission
Context:
Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European <t>Commission</t> Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=commission%1:14:00:: | definition=a special group delegated to consider some matter;  - Milton Berle | synonyms=committee | examples=a committee is a group that keeps minutes and loses hours
2. sense_key=commission%1:21:00:: | definition=a fee for services rendered based on a percentage of an amount received or collected or agreed to be paid (as distinguished from a salary) | examples=he works on commission
3. sense_key=commission%1:04:02:: | definition=the act of granting authority to undertake certain functions | synonyms=commissioning
4. sense_key=commission%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being in good working order and ready for operation | examples=put the ships into commission; the motor was out of commission
5. sense_key=commission%1:14:01:: | definition=a group of representatives or delegates | synonyms=deputation, delegation, delegacy, mission
6. sense_key=commission%1:10:01:: | definition=a formal statement of a command or injunction to do something | synonyms=charge, direction | examples=the judge's charge to the jury
7. sense_key=commission%1:10:00:: | definition=an official document issued by a government and conferring on the recipient the rank of an officer in the armed forces | synonyms=military commission
8. sense_key=commission%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of committing a crime | synonyms=perpetration, committal
9. sense_key=commission%1:04:00:: | definition=a special assignment that is given to a person or group | synonyms=mission, charge | examples=a confidential mission to London; his charge was deliver a message

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "Commission" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The context revolves around the European Commission, indicating an organizational or governmental body involved in various activities such as organizing conferences and collaborating with other entities.

2. **Candidate Senses Analysis**:
   - **1. a special group delegated to consider some matter**: This definition aligns with the concept of a committee or a group tasked with specific responsibilities.
   - **2. a fee for services rendered based on a percentage**: This refers to a payment structure and doesn't fit the context of an organizational body.
   - **3. the act of granting authority to undertake certain functions**: This is about authorizing someone or something to perform certain tasks.
   - **4. the state of being in good working order**: This refers to the operational status of something, not relevant to the context.
   - **5. a group of representatives or delegates**: This definition is similar to the first but is broader, encompassing various types of delegations.
   - **6. a formal statement of a command or injunction**: This is about giving a formal instruction or directive.
   - **7. an official document issued by a government for an officer's rank**: This is specific to military or governmental ranks.
   - **8. the act of committing a crime**: This is unrelated to the context provided.
   - **9. a special assignment given to a person or group**: This refers to a task or mission assigned to someone.

3. **Relating Definitions to Context**: The term "European Commission" is used, indicating a specific organizational entity within the European Union. This entity is involved in various administrative and regulatory functions.

4. **Choosing the Best Sense**:
   - The European Commission is known to be a significant body within the EU, acting as a executive body.
   - Senses 1 and 5 both relate to a group or delegation, which could fit the context of an organizational body like the European Commission.
   - Sense 1 specifically mentions a "special group delegated to consider some matter," which is a plausible description for the European Commission's role.
   - Sense 5, "a group of representatives or delegates," is also a fitting description as it aligns with the composition and function of the European Commission.

5. **Decision**: Between senses 1 and 5, both are plausible. However, the European Commission is more than just a group considering a matter; it's a formal body with executive powers. Sense 5 is broader and encompasses the nature of the European Commission as a body composed of representatives.

Given the context and the definitions, **sense_index: 1** is a strong candidate because it directly refers to a "special group delegated to consider some matter," which can be related to the role of the European Commission. However, the exact nuance of "European Commission" fits well with being a specific type of delegation or representation.

The best answer is {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: high
Target surface form: high
Context:
Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a <t>high</t> degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=high%3:00:02:: | definition=greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount | examples=a high temperature; a high price
2. sense_key=high%3:00:01:: | definition=(literal meaning) being at or having a relatively great or specific elevation or upward extension (sometimes used in combinations like `knee-high') | examples=a high mountain; high ceilings
3. sense_key=high%5:00:00:superior:01 | definition=standing above others in quality or position | synonyms=eminent | examples=people in high places; the high priest
4. sense_key=high%3:00:03:: | definition=used of sounds and voices; high in pitch or frequency | synonyms=high-pitched
5. sense_key=high%5:00:00:elated:00 | definition=happy and excited and energetic | synonyms=in high spirits
6. sense_key=high%5:00:00:malodorous:00 | definition=(used of the smell of meat) smelling spoiled or tainted | synonyms=gamey, gamy
7. sense_key=high%5:00:00:intoxicated:00 | definition=slightly and pleasantly intoxicated from alcohol or a drug (especially marijuana) | synonyms=mellow

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "high" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The sentence is: "...Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions...". However, it seems there's a slight misinterpretation or typo in the sentence. The correct interpretation might be that Fernando Gomes is associated with or represents a high degree or level within the Committee of the Regions, or more likely, the sentence is referring to him having a high position or being a significant figure.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. **Greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount**: This sense fits if we consider "high degree" as indicating a significant level or extent, which is a common idiomatic expression.
2. **Being at or having a relatively great or specific elevation or upward extension**: This sense is more literal and related to physical height, which doesn't directly apply to the context of "high degree" in a figurative or abstract sense.
3. **Standing above others in quality or position**: This sense implies a level of superiority or eminence, which aligns with the notion of a "high degree" in terms of status or rank.
4. **Used of sounds and voices; high in pitch or frequency**: This sense is related to auditory characteristics and doesn't fit the context.
5. **Happy and excited and energetic**: This sense describes a state of being and doesn't directly relate to the phrase "high degree" in the given context.
6. and 7. are related to negative states (spoiled smell and being intoxicated) and clearly don't fit.

The phrase "high degree" is commonly used to indicate a significant level or extent of something, which aligns with sense 1: "greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount." This is the most appropriate interpretation in the given context, as it suggests a significant level or status within the Committee of the Regions.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "high" in this context is **1**.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: committee
Target surface form: Committee
Context:
Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of <t>Committee</t> of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=committee%1:14:00:: | definition=a special group delegated to consider some matter;  - Milton Berle | synonyms=commission | examples=a committee is a group that keeps minutes and loses hours
2. sense_key=committee%1:14:01:: | definition=a self-constituted organization to promote something | synonyms=citizens committee

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "Committee" in the given context, let's analyze the information provided.

1. **Context Analysis**: The sentence mentions "John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee." This indicates that "Committee" is part of the name of a specific organization, the Economic and Social Committee, which is likely the European Economic and Social Committee (EESC). The EESC is a European Union body that represents the interests of various groups in the EU.

2. **Candidate Senses Analysis**:
   - **Sense 1**: "a special group delegated to consider some matter;" with the synonym "commission" and an example that humorously describes the function of a committee. This sense refers to a group formed for a specific purpose or task.
   - **Sense 2**: "a self-constituted organization to promote something" with the synonym "citizens committee." This implies an organization that is formed by its members to promote a particular cause or interest.

3. **Applying Context to Candidate Senses**:
   - The Economic and Social Committee is a formal EU body that represents various economic and social interests. It is not merely a "self-constituted organization" but a formally established body within the EU structure. Thus, while it could be argued to promote certain interests, its role is more aligned with representing these interests in a formal capacity.
   - The mention of "John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee" suggests that "Committee" here refers to a specific, formally established body. This aligns more closely with the first sense, as it is a "special group delegated to consider some matter," in this case, economic and social matters.

4. **Conclusion**: The context indicates that "Committee" refers to a specific, formally established body (the Economic and Social Committee), which is best described by the first sense provided.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "Committee" in the given context is the first sense.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: member
Target surface form: Member
Context:
Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, <t>Member</t> of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=member%1:18:00:: | definition=one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization) | synonyms=fellow member | examples=only members will be admitted; a member of the faculty
2. sense_key=member%1:24:00:: | definition=anything that belongs to a set or class | examples=snakes are members of the class Reptilia; members of the opposite sex
3. sense_key=member%1:08:00:: | definition=an external body part that projects from the body | synonyms=extremity, appendage | examples=it is important to keep the extremities warm
4. sense_key=member%1:14:00:: | definition=an organization that is a member of another organization (especially a state that belongs to a group of nations) | examples=the library was a member of the interlibrary loan association; Canada is a member of the United Nations
5. sense_key=member%1:08:01:: | definition=the male organ of copulation (`member' is a euphemism) | synonyms=penis, phallus

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "Member" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The context is about a European conference on social exclusion and a study related to the EPOC project, which involves assessing direct participation in work. The sentence where "Member" appears lists key speakers at the conference, including Barbara Weiler, described as a "Member of the European Parliament."

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The word "Member" is used to describe Barbara Weiler's role or position.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. one of the persons who compose a social group**: This sense fits well because being a "Member of the European Parliament" implies being one of the persons who compose that group or organization.
   - **2. anything that belongs to a set or class**: While this is a broad definition, it doesn't directly relate to the context of being part of an organization like the European Parliament in the way that sense 1 does.
   - **3. an external body part that projects from the body**: This sense is not relevant to the context, as it refers to a physical or biological aspect.
   - **4. an organization that is a member of another organization**: This sense refers to an organization being part of a larger group, not an individual being part of an organization.
   - **5. the male organ of copulation**: This sense is not relevant to the context and is a euphemism unrelated to the role or position being described.

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - The context clearly indicates that "Member" refers to Barbara Weiler's position as part of the European Parliament, which aligns with being "one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)".
   - The first sense ("one of the persons who compose a social group") is the most appropriate because it directly relates to an individual being part of a larger group or organization, such as the European Parliament.

5. **Conclusion**: The best indexed sense for "Member" in the given context is the first sense.

Therefore, the response should be: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: parliament
Target surface form: Parliament
Context:
Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European <t>Parliament</t> José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=parliament%1:14:00:: | definition=a legislative assembly in certain countries
2. sense_key=parliament%1:04:00:: | definition=a card game in which you play your sevens and other cards in sequence in the same suit as the sevens; you win if you are the first to use all your cards | synonyms=fantan, sevens

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "Parliament" in the given context, let's analyze the information provided.

1. The context is about a European conference on social exclusion and a study related to the EPOC project, which assesses direct participation in workplaces. It mentions various European organizations and officials.
2. The target surface form is "Parliament," and it appears in the phrase "Member of the European Parliament" and "Vice-President, European Parliament."
3. The candidate senses are:
   - Sense 1: A legislative assembly in certain countries.
   - Sense 2: A card game where you play your sevens and other cards in sequence in the same suit as the sevens.

Let's examine the context and the candidate senses:

- The context is discussing European organizations and a conference related to social issues. It mentions "European Commission," "Committee of the Regions," "European Parliament," and "Economic and Social Committee." This indicates a focus on European governance and legislative or advisory bodies.
- The term "Parliament" is used in conjunction with "European," which is a well-known legislative body (the European Parliament).
- The mention of a "Member of the European Parliament" and a "Vice-President, European Parliament" directly relates to roles within a legislative assembly.

Given this information, the use of "Parliament" clearly refers to a legislative assembly, specifically the European Parliament, which is a key institution of the European Union.

The synonym and example analysis is not necessary here as the context directly points to the legislative assembly.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "Parliament" in this context is the one that corresponds to a legislative assembly.

The correct sense is: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: parliament
Target surface form: Parliament
Context:
Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European <t>Parliament</t> and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=parliament%1:14:00:: | definition=a legislative assembly in certain countries
2. sense_key=parliament%1:04:00:: | definition=a card game in which you play your sevens and other cards in sequence in the same suit as the sevens; you win if you are the first to use all your cards | synonyms=fantan, sevens

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "Parliament" in the given context, let's analyze the information provided.

1. **Context Analysis**: The context is about a European conference on social exclusion and mentions various European organizations and officials. Specifically, it mentions "Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament" and "José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament." This indicates that "Parliament" refers to a legislative body within the European context.

2. **Candidate Senses Analysis**:
   - **Sense 1**: "a legislative assembly in certain countries." This definition aligns with the use of "Parliament" in the context of European governance, specifically referring to the European Parliament, which is a legislative assembly.
   - **Sense 2**: "a card game in which you play your sevens and other cards in sequence in the same suit as the sevens; you win if you are the first to use all your cards." This definition is unrelated to the context provided, as there's no mention or implication of a card game.

3. **Decision**: Given the context and the definitions provided, the use of "Parliament" clearly refers to a legislative assembly, specifically the European Parliament. Therefore, the best indexed sense is the one that corresponds to this definition.

4. **Response**: The definition "a legislative assembly in certain countries" is associated with **sense_index=1**.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: economic
Target surface form: Economic
Context:
Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, <t>Economic</t> and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=economic%3:01:01:: | definition=of or relating to an economy, the system of production and management of material wealth | synonyms=economical | examples=economic growth; aspects of social, political, and economical life
2. sense_key=economic%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to the science of economics | examples=economic theory
3. sense_key=economic%5:00:00:efficient:00 | definition=using the minimum of time or resources necessary for effectiveness | synonyms=economical | examples=an economic use of home heating oil; a modern economical heating system
4. sense_key=economic%5:00:00:worldly:00 | definition=concerned with worldly necessities of life (especially money) | examples=he wrote the book primarily for economic reasons; gave up the large house for economic reasons
5. sense_key=economic%5:00:00:profitable:00 | definition=financially rewarding | examples=it was no longer economic to keep the factory open; have to keep prices high enough to make it economic to continue the service

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "Economic" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context is about a European conference on social exclusion and a study related to the EPOC project, which assesses direct participation in work and its impact on profitability. The target word "Economic" is used in the title "Economic and Social Committee," which is related to the European Union's institutional structure.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. The first sense is "of or relating to an economy, the system of production and management of material wealth." This sense is plausible because the Economic and Social Committee is involved in matters related to the economy.

2. The second sense is "of or relating to the science of economics." While this could be a possible interpretation, the context does not directly suggest that the committee is focused on the science of economics.

3. The third sense is "using the minimum of time or resources necessary for effectiveness." This sense doesn't directly relate to the context of the Economic and Social Committee.

4. The fourth sense is "concerned with worldly necessities of life (especially money)." This is somewhat relevant but not directly related to the specific role of the Economic and Social Committee.

5. The fifth sense is "financially rewarding." This sense doesn't directly apply to the context of the committee's name.

The Economic and Social Committee is an EU body that represents various economic and social interests. The term "Economic" here relates to the economy or matters concerning the economy, which aligns with the first sense: "of or relating to an economy, the system of production and management of material wealth."

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "Economic" in this context is the first one.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: social
Target surface form: Social
Context:
Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and <t>Social</t> Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=social%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to human society and its members | synonyms=societal | examples=social institutions; societal evolution
2. sense_key=social%3:00:00:: | definition=living together or enjoying life in communities or organized groups | examples=a human being is a social animal; mature social behavior
3. sense_key=social%3:01:02:: | definition=relating to or belonging to or characteristic of high society | examples=made fun of her being so social and high-toned; a social gossip colum
4. sense_key=social%5:00:00:sociable:00 | definition=composed of sociable people or formed for the purpose of sociability | examples=a purely social club; the church has a large social hall
5. sense_key=social%5:00:00:gregarious:00 | definition=tending to move or live together in groups or colonies of the same kind | examples=ants are social insects
6. sense_key=social%5:00:00:friendly:01 | definition=marked by friendly companionship with others | examples=a social cup of coffee

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "Social" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The context revolves around a European conference on social exclusion, public welfare services, and a study involving senior officials of the "social partners" as representatives of national level peak organisations. The discussion involves social affairs, social exclusion, and the social partners, indicating a focus on societal aspects and relationships within a societal or organizational framework.

2. **Candidate Senses Analysis**:
   - **1. relating to human society and its members**: This sense is relevant as it pertains to "social institutions" and "societal evolution." The context mentions "social exclusion," "social Affairs," and "social partners," which relate to human society and its members.
   - **2. living together or enjoying life in communities or organized groups**: While this sense is about social behavior, the context doesn't directly focus on the enjoyment of life or the nature of living together in a broad sense.
   - **3. relating to or belonging to or characteristic of high society**: The context doesn't indicate that "social" refers to high society; instead, it discusses social issues and partners in a broader, more organizational sense.
   - **4. composed of sociable people or formed for the purpose of sociability**: The context doesn't directly suggest that the term "social" refers to sociability or clubs.
   - **5. tending to move or live together in groups or colonies of the same kind**: This sense is more relevant to biological or zoological contexts, not directly applicable here.
   - **6. marked by friendly companionship with others**: While this could be a possible interpretation in some contexts, the given context focuses more on the organizational and societal aspects rather than the quality of companionship.

3. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - The context frequently uses "social" in relation to societal issues and organizational aspects (e.g., "social exclusion," "social Affairs," "social partners").
   - The most relevant sense is **1. relating to human society and its members**, as it aligns with the usage of "social" in the context provided, referring to societal aspects and issues.

4. **Conclusion**: The best indexed sense for "Social" in the given context is the first sense.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: committee
Target surface form: Committee
Context:
Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social <t>Committee</t>. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=committee%1:14:00:: | definition=a special group delegated to consider some matter;  - Milton Berle | synonyms=commission | examples=a committee is a group that keeps minutes and loses hours
2. sense_key=committee%1:14:01:: | definition=a self-constituted organization to promote something | synonyms=citizens committee

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "Committee" in the given context, let's analyze the information provided.

1. **Context Analysis**: The context mentions "John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee". This is a specific reference to the "European Economic and Social Committee", which is an official body within the European Union. This committee is a formal, established organization that represents various economic and social interests.

2. **Candidate Senses Analysis**:
   - **Sense 1**: "a special group delegated to consider some matter; - Milton Berle | synonyms=commission | examples=a committee is a group that keeps minutes and loses hours". This definition suggests a committee is formed for a specific purpose or task, often delegated by a larger body. The mention of "commission" as a synonym supports this, as it implies a formal or official group tasked with certain responsibilities.
   - **Sense 2**: "a self-constituted organization to promote something | synonyms=citizens committee". This implies a more informal or grassroots organization that is formed to promote a particular cause or interest.

3. **Applying Context to Candidate Senses**:
   - The "Economic and Social Committee" mentioned in the context is a formal body of the European Union. It is not a self-constituted organization but rather an officially established entity. This aligns more closely with the first sense, which describes a formal or special group delegated for a specific matter. The European Economic and Social Committee is indeed a "special group delegated to consider some matter," as it is tasked with representing the interests of various economic and social groups within the EU.

4. **Conclusion**: Given the context and the definitions provided, the best fit for "Committee" is the first sense, as it refers to a formal, established body like the Economic and Social Committee.

Therefore, the best indexed sense is: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: case_study
Target surface form: Case Studies
Context:
The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. <t>Case Studies</t> Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community. For each country, two or three initiatives have been selected for further in depth case study.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=case_study%1:10:00:: | definition=a careful study of some social unit (as a corporation or division within a corporation) that attempts to determine what factors led to its success or failure
2. sense_key=case_study%1:04:00:: | definition=a detailed analysis of a person or group from a social or psychological or medical point of view

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "Case Studies" in the given context, let's analyze the information provided.

The context discusses a European conference on social exclusion and a comparative study as part of the EPOC project, focusing on direct participation in work and its effects. It then mentions that each national report contains a portfolio of initiatives to improve the recruitment, training, and development of ageing workers. Specifically, it states that "For each country, two or three initiatives have been selected for further in depth case study."

The two candidate senses are:
1. A careful study of some social unit (as a corporation or division within a corporation) that attempts to determine what factors led to its success or failure.
2. A detailed analysis of a person or group from a social or psychological or medical point of view.

The context indicates that the "case study" refers to an in-depth examination of specific initiatives (between 25 and 30 per country) aimed at improving policies and practices for ageing workers. This involves analyzing these initiatives to understand their impact or effectiveness.

Given this, the first sense ("a careful study of some social unit...") is more relevant because it involves examining specific initiatives or "social units" (in this case, the initiatives related to ageing workers) to understand their success or factors related to their implementation.

The second sense, while plausible because it involves analysis from a social point of view, is less directly relevant because the focus is on initiatives rather than on a "person or group" per se, even though the initiatives are related to groups (ageing workers).

Therefore, the most appropriate sense is the first one, which corresponds to sense_index 1.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: national
Target surface form: national
Context:
The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each <t>national</t> report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community. For each country, two or three initiatives have been selected for further in depth case study.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=national%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country | examples=national hero; national anthem
2. sense_key=national%3:00:00:: | definition=limited to or in the interests of a particular nation | examples=national interests; isolationism is a strictly national policy
3. sense_key=national%3:00:01:: | definition=concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country | examples=the national government; national elections
4. sense_key=national%5:00:00:public:00 | definition=owned or maintained for the public by the national government | examples=national parks
5. sense_key=national%5:00:00:domestic:00 | definition=inside the country | synonyms=home, interior, internal | examples=the British Home Office has broader responsibilities than the United States Department of the Interior; the nation's internal politics
6. sense_key=national%3:01:02:: | definition=characteristic of or peculiar to the people of a nation | examples=a national trait
7. sense_key=national%3:01:01:: | definition=of or relating to nationality | examples=national origin

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "national" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses a European conference on social exclusion and a study conducted by a Foundation across fifteen European countries. It mentions "national level peak organisations" and "national report" containing case studies and initiatives for improving the recruitment, training, and development of ageing workers.

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The target word is "national," and it appears in the context of "national report" and previously as "national level peak organisations."

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country**: This is a broad definition that could apply, but let's see if it's the most specific.
   - **2. limited to or in the interests of a particular nation**: This implies a focus on national interests, which isn't directly relevant to the context of reports and organisations.
   - **3. concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country**: This definition fits well with "national level peak organisations" and "national report," as it implies a scope that encompasses the entire nation.
   - **4. owned or maintained for the public by the national government**: This is more specific to government-owned entities, not directly relevant here.
   - **5. inside the country**: This definition could apply but doesn't directly relate to the context of reports or organisations representing a nation.
   - **6. characteristic of or peculiar to the people of a nation**: This refers to a national trait or characteristic, not directly relevant to the context.
   - **7. of or relating to nationality**: While related, this is more about the concept of nationality rather than the scope or level of organisations or reports.

4. **Choosing the Best Sense**:
   - The context suggests that "national" refers to something that is at the level of or pertains to an entire nation or country. Both "national level peak organisations" and "national report" imply a scope that is country-wide.
   - Sense **3. concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country** is the most fitting as it directly relates to the scope and level (national) of the organisations and reports being discussed.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "national" in the given context is **3**.

{"sense_index": 3}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: report
Target surface form: report
Context:
The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national <t>report</t> contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community. For each country, two or three initiatives have been selected for further in depth case study.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=report%1:10:03:: | definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | synonyms=study, written report | examples=this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
2. sense_key=report%1:10:01:: | definition=the act of informing by verbal report | synonyms=account | examples=he heard reports that they were causing trouble; by all accounts they were a happy couple
3. sense_key=report%1:10:00:: | definition=a short account of the news | synonyms=news report, story, account, write up | examples=the report of his speech; the story was on the 11 o'clock news
4. sense_key=report%1:11:00:: | definition=a sharp explosive sound (especially the sound of a gun firing) | examples=they heard a violent report followed by silence
5. sense_key=report%1:10:04:: | definition=a written evaluation of a student's scholarship and deportment | synonyms=report card | examples=his father signed his report card
6. sense_key=report%1:10:02:: | definition=an essay (especially one written as an assignment) | synonyms=composition, paper, theme | examples=he got an A on his composition
7. sense_key=report%1:09:00:: | definition=the general estimation that the public has for a person | synonyms=reputation | examples=he acquired a reputation as an actor before he started writing; he was a person of bad report

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "report" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses a European conference on social exclusion and a study conducted as part of the EPOC project. It mentions that each national "report" contains a portfolio of initiatives to improve the recruitment, training, and development of ageing workers.

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The word "report" here is used in the context of a document or study related to specific initiatives and case studies across different European countries.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. a written document describing the findings of some individual or group**: This sense aligns with the context as it refers to a written document, which could be a study or report on specific topics or findings.
   - **2. the act of informing by verbal report**: The context does not suggest a verbal act; instead, it implies a written document.
   - **3. a short account of the news**: While this could be a possible interpretation, the context suggests a more detailed study rather than a brief news account.
   - **4. a sharp explosive sound**: This is unrelated to the context provided.
   - **5. a written evaluation of a student's scholarship and deportment**: The context is not about student evaluation.
   - **6. an essay (especially one written as an assignment)**: While a report could be considered a form of essay, the context suggests a more formal or research-oriented document.
   - **7. the general estimation that the public has for a person**: This is unrelated to the context.

4. **Choosing the Best Sense**:
   - The context indicates that "report" refers to a written document that contains detailed information about initiatives in different countries.
   - Sense 1 ("a written document describing the findings of some individual or group") closely matches this interpretation, as it refers to a written document that could contain the findings or results of a study or investigation.

5. **Conclusion**: Based on the context and the definitions provided, the most appropriate sense for "report" is the one that corresponds to a written document describing findings or results of a study.

Therefore, the best indexed sense is **1**, corresponding to the definition "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group."

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: contain
Target surface form: contains
Context:
The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report <t>contains</t> a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community. For each country, two or three initiatives have been selected for further in depth case study.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=contain%2:42:00:: | definition=include or contain; have as a component | synonyms=incorporate, comprise | examples=A totally new idea is comprised in this paper; The record contains many old songs from the 1930's
2. sense_key=contain%2:42:13:: | definition=contain or hold; have within | synonyms=hold, bear, carry | examples=The jar carries wine; The canteen holds fresh water
3. sense_key=contain%2:41:00:: | definition=lessen the intensity of; temper; hold in restraint; hold or keep within limits | synonyms=control, hold in, hold, check, curb, moderate | examples=moderate your alcohol intake; hold your tongue
4. sense_key=contain%2:42:06:: | definition=be divisible by | examples=24 contains 6
5. sense_key=contain%2:42:14:: | definition=be capable of holding or containing | synonyms=take, hold | examples=This box won't take all the items; The flask holds one gallon
6. sense_key=contain%2:33:00:: | definition=hold back, as of a danger or an enemy; check the expansion or influence of | synonyms=check, turn back, arrest, stop, hold back | examples=Arrest the downward trend; Check the growth of communism in South East Asia

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "contains" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses a study and a conference organized by the Foundation in collaboration with other European bodies. It mentions that each national report "contains" a portfolio of initiatives aimed at improving the recruitment, training, and development of ageing workers.

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The word "contains" here is used to indicate that the national reports include or have within them a portfolio of initiatives.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. include or contain; have as a component**: This sense fits the context as it implies that the national reports have or include a portfolio of initiatives as part of their content.
   - **2. contain or hold; have within**: Similar to the first sense, this implies having something inside or within something else, which could apply but is slightly more about physical containment.
   - **3. lessen the intensity of; temper; hold in restraint**: This sense is about controlling or limiting something, which doesn't fit the context of the passage.
   - **4. be divisible by**: This is a mathematical sense that doesn't apply to the context.
   - **5. be capable of holding or containing**: This sense is more about the capacity to hold something, which is not the primary implication here.
   - **6. hold back, as of a danger or an enemy; check the expansion or influence of**: This sense is about restraining or stopping something, which is not relevant to the context.

4. **Choosing the Best Sense**:
   - The context clearly indicates that "contains" is used to mean that the national reports include or have within them a portfolio of initiatives.
   - Sense 1 ("include or contain; have as a component") directly corresponds to this meaning, with synonyms like "incorporate" and "comprise," and examples that illustrate including or having something as a part of something else.

5. **Conclusion**: The best indexed sense for "contains" in the given context is **1**.

Therefore, the response in the required JSON format is: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: present
Target surface form: present
Context:
The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best <t>present</t> policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community. For each country, two or three initiatives have been selected for further in depth case study.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=present%2:39:00:: | definition=give an exhibition of to an interested audience | synonyms=show, demo, exhibit, demonstrate | examples=She shows her dogs frequently; We will demo the new software in Washington
2. sense_key=present%2:32:00:: | definition=bring forward and present to the mind | synonyms=represent, lay out | examples=We presented the arguments to him; We cannot represent this knowledge to our formal reason
3. sense_key=present%2:36:00:: | definition=perform (a play), especially on a stage | synonyms=stage, represent | examples=we are going to stage `Othello'
4. sense_key=present%2:40:01:: | definition=hand over formally | synonyms=submit
5. sense_key=present%2:42:00:: | definition=introduce | synonyms=pose | examples=This poses an interesting question
6. sense_key=present%2:40:02:: | definition=give, especially as an honor or reward | synonyms=award | examples=bestow honors and prizes at graduation
7. sense_key=present%2:40:00:: | definition=give as a present; make a gift of | synonyms=give, gift | examples=What will you give her for her birthday?
8. sense_key=present%2:32:02:: | definition=deliver (a speech, oration, or idea) | synonyms=deliver | examples=The commencement speaker presented a forceful speech that impressed the students
9. sense_key=present%2:32:01:: | definition=cause to come to know personally | synonyms=introduce, acquaint | examples=permit me to acquaint you with my son; introduce the new neighbors to the community
10. sense_key=present%2:36:08:: | definition=represent abstractly, for example in a painting, drawing, or sculpture | synonyms=portray | examples=The father is portrayed as a good-looking man in this painting
11. sense_key=present%2:32:06:: | definition=present somebody with something, usually to accuse or criticize | synonyms=confront, face | examples=We confronted him with the evidence; He was faced with all the evidence and could no longer deny his actions
12. sense_key=present%2:32:04:: | definition=formally present a debutante, a representative of a country, etc.
13. sense_key=present%2:32:03:: | definition=recognize with a gesture prescribed by a military regulation; assume a prescribed position | synonyms=salute | examples=When the officers show up, the soldiers have to salute

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "present" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The sentence is: "Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community."

The word "present" here is used in the context of showcasing or representing policies and practices. Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. give an exhibition of to an interested audience - This involves showing something to an audience, which could fit the context of presenting policies and practices.
2. bring forward and present to the mind - This involves representing or laying out information or arguments, which is a plausible interpretation.
3. perform (a play), especially on a stage - This is related to performing arts, not directly relevant to the context.
4. hand over formally - This involves a formal transfer, not directly related to the context of showcasing policies.
5. introduce - While introducing is related, the specific context here is about representing or showcasing existing policies and practices.
6. give, especially as an honor or reward - This is not directly related to the context.
7. give as a present; make a gift of - Not relevant to the context.
8. deliver (a speech, oration, or idea) - While related to presenting, it's more about delivering a speech or idea.
9. cause to come to know personally - This involves introducing people, not relevant here.
10. represent abstractly, for example in a painting, drawing, or sculpture - This is about representation in art, somewhat related but not the best fit.
11. present somebody with something, usually to accuse or criticize - Not relevant to the context.
12. formally present a debutante, a representative of a country, etc. - This is a specific formal context, not the best fit.
13. recognize with a gesture prescribed by a military regulation; assume a prescribed position - Not relevant.

The most relevant senses are 1 (give an exhibition of to an interested audience) and 2 (bring forward and present to the mind). Sense 1 involves showing or demonstrating something to an audience, which aligns with the idea of presenting policies and practices. Sense 2 is about representing or laying out information, which also fits as it involves presenting policies and practices in a way that they can be understood or considered.

Between these, "bring forward and present to the mind" (sense 2, indexed as 2:32:00::) is a more abstract and fitting interpretation because it involves representing or laying out policies and practices, making them known or understood.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "present" in this context is the one corresponding to "bring forward and present to the mind," which is sense_index 2.

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: policy
Target surface form: policies
Context:
The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present <t>policies</t> and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community. For each country, two or three initiatives have been selected for further in depth case study.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=policy%1:09:00:: | definition=a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group | examples=it was a policy of retribution; a politician keeps changing his policies
2. sense_key=policy%1:10:00:: | definition=a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government | examples=they debated the policy or impolicy of the proposed legislation
3. sense_key=policy%1:10:02:: | definition=written contract or certificate of insurance | synonyms=insurance policy, insurance | examples=you should have read the small print on your policy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "policies" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses a European conference on social exclusion and a study assessing direct participation in humanizing work. It mentions a comparative study and case studies focusing on initiatives to improve the recruitment, training, and development of ageing workers. The term "policies" is used in the context of presenting "policies and practices" to improve certain aspects of workforce management.

2. **Understanding the Term "Policies"**: In this context, "policies" refers to courses of action or principles adopted by organizations or governments to achieve specific goals, such as improving the recruitment and development of ageing workers.

3. **Examining the Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1**: "a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group." The examples given include "it was a policy of retribution; a politician keeps changing his policies." This sense aligns with the context, as "policies" here refers to plans or courses of action adopted by organizations or governments.
   - **Sense 2**: "a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government." The example provided is "they debated the policy or impolicy of the proposed legislation." While this sense is related to governmental or organizational actions, it leans more towards the rationale or argument behind a policy rather than the policy itself.
   - **Sense 3**: "written contract or certificate of insurance." The synonyms given are "insurance policy, insurance," with an example being "you should have read the small print on your policy." This sense is unrelated to the context provided, as "policies" here refers to insurance documents.

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - The context clearly indicates that "policies" refers to plans or courses of action adopted to achieve certain goals, such as improving the situation of ageing workers.
   - **Sense 1** directly corresponds to this understanding, as it defines "policy" as "a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group."
   - Therefore, the most appropriate sense for "policies" in the given context is **Sense 1**.

Given the instructions, the response should be in the format of a JSON object indicating the sense index.

{"sense_index": 1}