[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: deal
Target surface form: dealt
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which <t>dealt</t> with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=deal%2:32:08:: | definition=act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression | synonyms=cover, treat, handle, plow, address | examples=This book deals with incest; The course covered all of Western Civilization
2. sense_key=deal%2:31:10:: | definition=take into consideration for exemplifying purposes | synonyms=consider, take, look at | examples=Take the case of China; Consider the following case
3. sense_key=deal%2:41:09:: | definition=take action with respect to (someone or something) | examples=How are we going to deal with this problem?; The teacher knew how to deal with these lazy students
4. sense_key=deal%2:41:00:: | definition=come to terms with | synonyms=cope, get by, make out, make do, contend, grapple | examples=We got by on just a gallon of gas; They made do on half a loaf of bread every day
5. sense_key=deal%2:40:01:: | definition=administer or bestow, as in small portions | synonyms=distribute, administer, mete out, parcel out, lot, dispense | examples=administer critical remarks to everyone present; dole out some money
6. sense_key=deal%2:40:00:: | definition=do business; offer for sale as for one's livelihood | synonyms=sell, trade | examples=She deals in gold; The brothers sell shoes
7. sense_key=deal%2:41:13:: | definition=be in charge of, act on, or dispose of | synonyms=manage, care, handle | examples=I can deal with this crew of workers; This blender can't handle nuts
8. sense_key=deal%2:41:04:: | definition=behave in a certain way towards others | examples=He deals fairly with his employees
9. sense_key=deal%2:40:02:: | definition=distribute cards to the players in a game | examples=Who's dealing?
10. sense_key=deal%2:41:02:: | definition=direct the course of; manage or control | synonyms=conduct, carry on | examples=You cannot conduct business like this
11. sense_key=deal%2:40:07:: | definition=give out as one's portion or share | synonyms=share, divvy up, portion out, apportion
12. sense_key=deal%2:40:06:: | definition=give (a specific card) to a player | examples=He dealt me the Queen of Spades
13. sense_key=deal%2:40:11:: | definition=sell | examples=deal hashish

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "dealt" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The sentence is: "The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge."

The key elements here are "conference" and "dealt with this critical challenge." The phrase "dealt with" is an idiomatic expression that typically means to address, discuss, or handle a particular issue or problem.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. **sense_key=deal%2:32:08::** - This sense involves acting on verbally or in some form of artistic expression, with synonyms like "cover," "treat," "handle," "plow," and "address." The examples given are "This book deals with incest" and "The course covered all of Western Civilization." This sense fits the context because the conference (an event where issues are discussed) "dealt with" a challenge, implying it addressed or discussed the issue.

2. Other senses involve different meanings such as taking into consideration, taking action with respect to someone or something, coming to terms with something, administering or bestowing, doing business, being in charge of, behaving towards others, distributing cards, directing the course of, giving out as one's portion, giving a specific card, or selling something.

Given the context, the most relevant action related to "dealt" is addressing or discussing a critical challenge at a conference. Sense 1 directly relates to this context as it involves addressing or discussing a topic, which is what a conference would do with a "critical challenge."

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "dealt" in this context is **1**.

{"sense_index": 1}


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: critical
Target surface form: critical
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this <t>critical</t> challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=critical%3:00:01:: | definition=marked by a tendency to find and call attention to errors and flaws | examples=a critical attitude
2. sense_key=critical%3:00:04:: | definition=at or of a point at which a property or phenomenon suffers an abrupt change especially having enough mass to sustain a chain reaction | examples=a critical temperature of water is 100 degrees C--its boiling point at standard atmospheric pressure; critical mass
3. sense_key=critical%3:00:02:: | definition=characterized by careful evaluation and judgment | examples=a critical reading; a critical dissertation
4. sense_key=critical%5:00:00:indispensable:00 | definition=urgently needed; absolutely necessary | synonyms=vital | examples=a critical element of the plan; critical medical supplies
5. sense_key=critical%5:00:00:crucial:00 | definition=forming or having the nature of a turning point or crisis | synonyms=decisive | examples=a critical point in the campaign; the critical test
6. sense_key=critical%3:00:03:: | definition=being in or verging on a state of crisis or emergency | examples=a critical shortage of food; a critical illness
7. sense_key=critical%3:01:00:: | definition=of or involving or characteristic of critics or criticism | examples=critical acclaim

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "critical" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The context is: "The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users."

The word "critical" is used to describe the noun "challenge." To understand which sense fits best, let's examine the candidate senses and their definitions:

1. Marked by a tendency to find and call attention to errors and flaws.
2. At or of a point at which a property or phenomenon suffers an abrupt change.
3. Characterized by careful evaluation and judgment.
4. Urgently needed; absolutely necessary.
5. Forming or having the nature of a turning point or crisis.
6. Being in or verging on a state of crisis or emergency.
7. Of or involving or characteristic of critics or criticism.

The context suggests that the challenge being discussed is significant and possibly urgent or of a crucial nature, rather than being analyzed or criticized in a detailed manner. The sentence does not directly imply that the challenge is being evaluated or judged carefully (sense 3), nor does it directly relate to being urgently needed (sense 4), or characteristic of critics or criticism (sense 7).

However, the use of "critical challenge" implies a challenge that is crucial or decisive, potentially forming a turning point or being of a crisis nature. Both senses 5 ("forming or having the nature of a turning point or crisis") and 6 ("being in or verging on a state of crisis or emergency") could potentially fit this context, as they both convey a sense of importance or urgency.

Sense 5 is defined as "forming or having the nature of a turning point or crisis" with synonyms like "decisive" and examples such as "a critical point in the campaign." This aligns well with the context of discussing a significant challenge.

Sense 6, "being in or verging on a state of crisis or emergency," also conveys a sense of urgency or critical situation, with examples like "a critical shortage of food" or "a critical illness."

Between these, sense 5 ("forming or having the nature of a turning point or crisis") is the most appropriate because it directly relates to the nature of the challenge being discussed as significant or decisive, rather than necessarily being in a state of emergency.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "critical" in this context is sense 5.

{"sense_index": 5}

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: challenge
Target surface form: challenge
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical <t>challenge</t>. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=challenge%1:26:00:: | definition=a demanding or stimulating situation | examples=they reacted irrationally to the challenge of Russian power
2. sense_key=challenge%1:10:00:: | definition=a call to engage in a contest or fight
3. sense_key=challenge%1:10:01:: | definition=questioning a statement and demanding an explanation | examples=his challenge of the assumption that Japan is still our enemy
4. sense_key=challenge%1:10:02:: | definition=a formal objection to the selection of a particular person as a juror
5. sense_key=challenge%1:10:03:: | definition=a demand by a sentry for a password or identification

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "challenge" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The sentence discusses a conference organized by a Foundation that dealt with a critical "challenge." The context implies that the challenge is related to issues such as the roles of various actors (public authorities, social partners, etc.), indicating a complex or difficult situation that needs to be addressed.

2. **Candidate Senses Analysis**:
   - **1. sense_key=challenge%1:26:00::**: This sense defines "challenge" as a demanding or stimulating situation. The example given is "they reacted irrationally to the challenge of Russian power." This aligns with the context provided, where the challenge is related to addressing certain issues or situations.
   - **2. sense_key=challenge%1:10:00::**: This sense refers to a call to engage in a contest or fight. The context does not directly imply a contest or fight, so this seems less likely.
   - **3. sense_key=challenge%1:10:01::**: This involves questioning a statement and demanding an explanation. While the conference might involve debating, the word "challenge" here is more likely referring to a problem or issue rather than the act of questioning.
   - **4. sense_key=challenge%1:10:02::** and **5. sense_key=challenge%1:10:03::**: These senses are quite specific to legal/jury contexts and military/sentry contexts, respectively. The given context does not support these interpretations.

3. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - The context suggests that "challenge" refers to a difficult or complex situation that needs to be addressed, which aligns with the definition of **1. sense_key=challenge%1:26:00::**.
   - The other senses either do not fit the context as well or are too specific in a way that doesn't match the given situation.

4. **Conclusion**: The best indexed sense for "challenge" in the given context is the first one, as it correctly captures the idea of a demanding or complex situation.

Therefore, the response in the required JSON format is: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: participant
Target surface form: participants
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 <t>participants</t> from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=participant%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who takes part in an activity
2. sense_key=participant%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who participates in or is skilled at some game | synonyms=player

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "participants" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The context is about a conference organized by a Foundation, focusing on a critical challenge. Over 100 participants from various interest groups attended, discussing roles of different actors and the involvement of users in service planning and provision.

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The target word is "participants," which refers to individuals taking part in an event or activity.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. someone who takes part in an activity**: This definition aligns with the general understanding of "participants" in the context of attending and debating at a conference.
   - **2. a person who participates in or is skilled at some game**: This definition is more specific to games or competitive activities, using "player" as a synonym.

4. **Applying Context to Candidate Senses**:
   - The context clearly indicates that the conference was attended by individuals from various interest groups, discussing specific issues. This aligns well with the first definition: "someone who takes part in an activity." The activity here is attending and participating in a conference.
   - There's no mention or implication of a game or competitive activity in the provided context, making the second definition less likely.

5. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - Given the context and the definitions provided, the most appropriate sense for "participants" is the first one: "someone who takes part in an activity." This corresponds to **sense_index = 1**.

Therefore, the response in the required JSON format is: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: main
Target surface form: main
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the <t>main</t> interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=main%5:00:00:important:00 | definition=most important element | synonyms=chief, primary, principal, master | examples=the chief aim of living; the main doors were of solid glass
2. sense_key=main%3:00:02:: | definition=(of a clause) capable of standing syntactically alone as a complete sentence | synonyms=independent | examples=the main (or independent) clause in a complex sentence has at least a subject and a verb
3. sense_key=main%5:00:00:intense:00 | definition=of force; of the greatest possible intensity | examples=by main strength

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "main" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The sentence where "main" is used is: "Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues..." Here, "main" is used to describe "interest groups," indicating that these are the primary or most significant groups involved.

2. **Candidate Senses Analysis**:
   - **Sense 1**: "most important element" with synonyms like "chief, primary, principal, master." The example given is "the chief aim of living; the main doors were of solid glass." This sense aligns with the usage in the context, where "main interest groups" likely refers to the primary or most significant interest groups.
   - **Sense 2**: Refers to a clause being "capable of standing syntactically alone as a complete sentence" with the synonym "independent." This sense is not relevant to the adjective "main" describing "interest groups."
   - **Sense 3**: Describes "of force; of the greatest possible intensity" with the example "by main strength." This sense does not fit the context of describing "interest groups."

3. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - Given the context and the analysis above, "main" is used to signify the most important or primary interest groups. This aligns with **Sense 1**, which is indexed as "1."
   - The synonyms provided for Sense 1 (chief, primary, principal, master) also support this interpretation, as they all convey a sense of something being foremost or of primary importance.

4. **Conclusion**: The best indexed sense for "main" in the given context is Sense 1.

Therefore, the response in the required JSON format is: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: attend
Target surface form: attended
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups <t>attended</t> and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=attend%2:42:00:: | definition=be present at (meetings, church services, university), etc. | synonyms=go to | examples=She attends class regularly; I rarely attend services at my church
2. sense_key=attend%2:41:12:: | definition=take charge of or deal with | synonyms=take care, look, see | examples=Could you see about lunch?; I must attend to this matter
3. sense_key=attend%2:42:01:: | definition=to accompany as a circumstance or follow as a result | examples=Menuhin's playing was attended by a 15-minute standing ovation
4. sense_key=attend%2:41:00:: | definition=work for or be a servant to | synonyms=serve, attend to, wait on, assist | examples=May I serve you?; She attends the old lady in the wheelchair
5. sense_key=attend%2:39:00:: | definition=give heed (to) | synonyms=hang, advert, pay heed, give ear | examples=The children in the audience attended the recital quietly; She hung on his every word

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "attended" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The sentence where "attended" appears is: "Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues..." This indicates that the participants were present at an event, likely the conference mentioned in the preceding sentence.

2. **Candidate Senses Analysis**:
   - **1. be present at (meetings, church services, university), etc.**: The definition and examples (e.g., "She attends class regularly") suggest that this sense involves being present at an event or gathering. The synonym "go to" further supports this interpretation.
   - **2. take charge of or deal with**: This involves managing or handling something, as indicated by synonyms like "take care" and "see," and examples like "Could you see about lunch?"
   - **3. to accompany as a circumstance or follow as a result**: This sense is about something happening alongside or as a consequence of something else, illustrated by "Menuhin's playing was attended by a 15-minute standing ovation."
   - **4. work for or be a servant to**: This implies serving or assisting someone, as shown by synonyms like "serve" and "wait on," and examples like "She attends the old lady in the wheelchair."
   - **5. give heed (to)**: This involves paying attention, as indicated by synonyms like "hang" and "pay heed," and examples like "The children in the audience attended the recital quietly."

3. **Matching the Context to a Sense**:
   - The context clearly indicates that the participants were present at the conference. Thus, the most relevant sense is related to being present at an event.
   - Sense 1 directly corresponds to this interpretation, as it involves being present at meetings or similar gatherings.

4. **Conclusion**: Based on the context and the definitions/examples provided for the candidate senses, the best match for "attended" is Sense 1, which is about being present at an event.

Therefore, the JSON response is: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: debate
Target surface form: debated
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and <t>debated</t> issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=debate%2:31:00:: | definition=argue with one another | examples=We debated the question of abortion; John debated Mary
2. sense_key=debate%2:32:02:: | definition=think about carefully; weigh | synonyms=consider, moot, turn over, deliberate | examples=They considered the possibility of a strike; Turn the proposal over in your mind
3. sense_key=debate%2:32:00:: | definition=discuss the pros and cons of an issue | synonyms=deliberate
4. sense_key=debate%2:32:01:: | definition=have an argument about something | synonyms=argue, contend, fence

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "debated" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The sentence context is about a conference attended by over 100 participants from various interest groups, where they "debated issues such as the role of key actors." This indicates a discussion or examination of different viewpoints on specific topics.

2. **Understanding the Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1**: "argue with one another" - This implies a more confrontational or adversarial discussion between individuals or groups.
   - **Sense 2**: "think about carefully; weigh" - This involves considering or pondering something, not necessarily in a group setting.
   - **Sense 3**: "discuss the pros and cons of an issue" - This suggests a thoughtful examination of different aspects of a topic, which can be done in a group.
   - **Sense 4**: "have an argument about something" - Similar to Sense 1, this implies a disagreement or dispute.

3. **Relating the Context to the Candidate Senses**:
   - The context mentions a conference setting where participants discussed various issues. The word "debated" here is likely to mean a discussion or examination of different viewpoints rather than a confrontational argument.
   - The presence of "issues such as the role of key actors" suggests that the discussion involved considering different aspects or perspectives on these issues.

4. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - **Sense 1** and **Sense 4** both imply a level of argument or contention that isn't explicitly supported by the context, which focuses on discussion rather than disagreement.
   - **Sense 2** is plausible as it involves careful consideration, but it doesn't necessarily convey the group discussion aspect as strongly as another sense does.
   - **Sense 3**, "discuss the pros and cons of an issue," fits well with the context. It implies a thoughtful and possibly structured examination of different viewpoints on an issue, which aligns with the scenario of a conference where participants discuss various topics.

Given the context and the definitions provided, **Sense 3** is the most appropriate choice because it accurately reflects the nature of the discussion at the conference.

{"sense_index": 3}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: issue
Target surface form: issues
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated <t>issues</t> such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=issue%1:09:01:: | definition=an important question that is in dispute and must be settled | examples=the issue could be settled by requiring public education for everyone; politicians never discuss the real issues
2. sense_key=issue%1:10:00:: | definition=one of a series published periodically | synonyms=number | examples=she found an old issue of the magazine in her dentist's waiting room
3. sense_key=issue%1:09:00:: | definition=some situation or event that is thought about | synonyms=topic, subject, matter | examples=he kept drifting off the topic; he had been thinking about the subject for several years
4. sense_key=issue%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of providing an item for general use or for official purposes (usually in quantity) | synonyms=issuing, issuance | examples=a new issue of stamps; the last issue of penicillin was over a month ago
5. sense_key=issue%1:21:01:: | definition=supplies (as food or clothing or ammunition) issued by the government | synonyms=military issue, government issue
6. sense_key=issue%1:21:00:: | definition=the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property | synonyms=return, take, takings, proceeds, yield, payoff | examples=the average return was about 5%
7. sense_key=issue%1:19:00:: | definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | synonyms=consequence, effect, outcome, result, event, upshot | examples=the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise; his decision had depressing consequences for business
8. sense_key=issue%1:18:00:: | definition=the immediate descendants of a person | synonyms=offspring, progeny | examples=she was the mother of many offspring; he died without issue
9. sense_key=issue%1:11:00:: | definition=the becoming visible | synonyms=emergence, egress | examples=not a day's difference between the emergence of the andrenas and the opening of the willow catkins
10. sense_key=issue%1:06:00:: | definition=an opening that permits escape or release | synonyms=exit, outlet, way out | examples=he blocked the way out; the canyon had only one issue
11. sense_key=issue%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of issuing printed materials | synonyms=publication

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "issues" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The sentence discusses a conference attended by various interest groups, where they debated "issues" related to the role of key actors in service planning and provision. The context suggests that "issues" refers to topics or matters of discussion or debate.

2. **Candidate Senses Analysis**:
   - **1. sense_key=issue%1:09:01::**: Refers to an important question in dispute. While the topics discussed could be important and potentially disputed, the definition doesn't perfectly fit the general act of debating various topics.
   - **2. sense_key=issue%1:10:00::**: Pertains to a periodic publication, which doesn't fit the context.
   - **3. sense_key=issue%1:09:00::**: Defines "issue" as a situation or event thought about, with synonyms like "topic," "subject," or "matter." This aligns well with the context of debating various topics.
   - **4. sense_key=issue%1:04:01::** and **11. sense_key=issue%1:04:00::**: Relate to the act of providing or issuing something, or the act of issuing printed materials, respectively. Neither fits the context.
   - **5. sense_key=issue%1:21:01::**: Refers to supplies issued by the government, not relevant here.
   - **6. sense_key=issue%1:21:00::**: Concerns financial returns or profits, not applicable.
   - **7. sense_key=issue%1:19:00::**: Defines "issue" as a consequence or result of a phenomenon, not directly related to topics of discussion.
   - **8. sense_key=issue%1:18:00::**: Pertains to descendants or offspring, not relevant.
   - **9. sense_key=issue%1:11:00::**: Refers to the becoming visible or emergence, not fitting the context.
   - **10. sense_key=issue%1:06:00::**: Concerns an opening for escape or release, not applicable.

3. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - The context indicates that "issues" refers to topics or matters being debated or discussed.
   - **Sense 3 (sense_key=issue%1:09:00::)** matches this interpretation with its definition and synonyms ("topic," "subject," "matter").

4. **Conclusion**: The best indexed sense for "issues" in the given context is **3**.

{"sense_index": 3}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: actor
Target surface form: actors
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key <t>actors</t> including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=actor%1:18:00:: | definition=a theatrical performer | synonyms=histrion, player, thespian, role player
2. sense_key=actor%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who acts and gets things done | synonyms=doer, worker | examples=he's a principal actor in this affair; when you want something done get a doer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "actors" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses a conference attended by over 100 participants from various interest groups. It mentions "key actors" including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations, and service users. The context revolves around the roles and involvement of different entities in service planning and provision.

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The target word is "actors." In this context, it refers to entities that play a significant role or have an active part in a particular situation or process.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1**: Refers to a theatrical performer. The synonyms provided are "histrion," "player," "thespian," and "role player." While "role player" could be interpreted broadly, the primary connotation is towards theatrical performance.
   - **Sense 2**: Defines an actor as a person who acts and gets things done. The synonyms are "doer" and "worker." An example given is "he's a principal actor in this affair," indicating a significant role in an event or situation.

4. **Applying Context to Candidate Senses**:
   - The context does not relate to theatrical performances. Thus, **Sense 1** seems less likely as it primarily refers to a theatrical performer.
   - The discussion is about various groups and their roles in service planning and provision. The term "key actors" is used to denote significant participants or entities involved in these processes. This aligns with **Sense 2**, which refers to individuals or entities that act and get things done.

5. **Making the Choice**:
   - Given the context and the definitions, **Sense 2** is the most appropriate. It correctly captures the essence of "actors" as entities that play significant roles or are actively involved in certain processes or affairs.

6. **Returning the Answer**:
   - The correct sense index is 2.

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: authority
Target surface form: authorities
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public <t>authorities</t>, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=authority%1:07:00:: | definition=the power or right to give orders or make decisions | synonyms=authorization, authorisation, potency, dominance, say-so | examples=he has the authority to issue warrants; deputies are given authorization to make arrests
2. sense_key=authority%1:18:01:: | definition=(usually plural) persons who exercise (administrative) control over others | examples=the authorities have issued a curfew
3. sense_key=authority%1:18:00:: | definition=an expert whose views are taken as definitive | examples=he is an authority on corporate law
4. sense_key=authority%1:09:00:: | definition=freedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities | synonyms=assurance, self-assurance, confidence, self-confidence, sureness | examples=his assurance in his superiority did not make him popular; after that failure he lost his confidence
5. sense_key=authority%1:14:00:: | definition=an administrative unit of government | synonyms=agency, federal agency, government agency, bureau, office | examples=the Central Intelligence Agency; the Census Bureau
6. sense_key=authority%1:07:02:: | definition=official permission or approval | synonyms=authorization, authorisation, sanction | examples=authority for the program was renewed several times
7. sense_key=authority%1:10:00:: | definition=an authoritative written work | examples=this book is the final authority on the life of Milton

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: social
Target surface form: social
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, <t>social</t> partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=social%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to human society and its members | synonyms=societal | examples=social institutions; societal evolution
2. sense_key=social%3:00:00:: | definition=living together or enjoying life in communities or organized groups | examples=a human being is a social animal; mature social behavior
3. sense_key=social%3:01:02:: | definition=relating to or belonging to or characteristic of high society | examples=made fun of her being so social and high-toned; a social gossip colum
4. sense_key=social%5:00:00:sociable:00 | definition=composed of sociable people or formed for the purpose of sociability | examples=a purely social club; the church has a large social hall
5. sense_key=social%5:00:00:gregarious:00 | definition=tending to move or live together in groups or colonies of the same kind | examples=ants are social insects
6. sense_key=social%5:00:00:friendly:01 | definition=marked by friendly companionship with others | examples=a social cup of coffee

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "social" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The context is: "public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users."

Here, "social partners" is a term commonly used to refer to employers' organizations and trade unions that engage in social dialogue with governments. The phrase is often used in the context of labor relations, collective bargaining, and social policy.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. Relating to human society and its members.
   - This sense is plausible because "social partners" relates to entities within human society.
   - Example: "social institutions; societal evolution"

2. Living together or enjoying life in communities or organized groups.
   - This sense doesn't directly apply to "social partners" as it more commonly describes behavior or the nature of certain animals or humans living in groups.

3. Relating to or belonging to or characteristic of high society.
   - This sense is less likely as "social partners" doesn't directly relate to "high society."

4. Composed of sociable people or formed for the purpose of sociability.
   - This doesn't directly fit "social partners" as it refers more to social clubs or gatherings.

5. Tending to move or live together in groups or colonies of the same kind.
   - This is more relevant to animals or insects and doesn't fit the context.

6. Marked by friendly companionship with others.
   - While "social partners" might imply some level of cooperation, this sense doesn't directly apply to the term's common usage in labor relations and social policy.

Given the context, "social partners" refers to organizations representing different interests within society, such as employers and employees. The most relevant sense is the first one: "relating to human society and its members." This is because "social partners" are entities that operate within and are relevant to human society, particularly in the context of labor and social policies.

Thus, the best indexed sense for "social" in this context is the first one.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: voluntary
Target surface form: voluntary
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, <t>voluntary</t> and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=voluntary%3:00:01:: | definition=of your own free will or design; done by choice; not forced or compelled | examples=man is a voluntary agent; participation was voluntary
2. sense_key=voluntary%3:00:02:: | definition=controlled by individual volition | examples=voluntary motions; voluntary muscles

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "voluntary" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The sentence discusses various groups involved in a conference, including "public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users." Here, "voluntary" is used to describe a type of organization.

2. **Understanding the Term "Voluntary"**: In this context, "voluntary" is likely being used to describe organizations that are not necessarily driven by profit or government mandate but possibly by charitable or community service motives.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1**: "of your own free will or design; done by choice; not forced or compelled." The example given is "participation was voluntary." This sense aligns with the idea of actions taken by choice. When describing organizations, it implies those that are formed or operated based on the voluntary participation or contribution of their members or supporters.
   - **Sense 2**: "controlled by individual volition." Examples include "voluntary motions; voluntary muscles." This sense refers to actions or bodily functions that are under conscious control.

4. **Relating Senses to Context**: The context is about categorizing organizations. "Voluntary and community organisations" is a common categorization that distinguishes these organizations from public or private sector entities. Here, "voluntary" is used to denote organizations that operate on a non-compulsory basis, often relying on voluntary contributions or participation.

5. **Choosing the Best Sense**:
   - The first sense ("of your own free will or design; done by choice; not forced or compelled") is the most relevant because it aligns with the understanding of "voluntary organisations" as entities that people join or support by choice, not by compulsion. This usage is consistent with the context provided.
   - The second sense ("controlled by individual volition") doesn't directly apply to the categorization of organizations in this manner.

6. **Conclusion**: The most appropriate sense for "voluntary" in the given context is the first one, as it correctly describes the nature of the organizations being referred to.

Given the instructions and the analysis above, the best indexed sense for "voluntary" is the first one listed.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: community
Target surface form: community
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and <t>community</t> organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=community%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of people living in a particular local area | examples=the team is drawn from all parts of the community
2. sense_key=community%1:21:00:: | definition=common ownership | examples=they shared a community of possessions
3. sense_key=community%1:14:04:: | definition=a group of nations having common interests | examples=they hoped to join the NATO community
4. sense_key=community%1:26:00:: | definition=agreement as to goals | synonyms=community of interests | examples=the preachers and the bootleggers found they had a community of interests
5. sense_key=community%1:15:00:: | definition=a district where people live; occupied primarily by private residences | synonyms=residential district, residential area
6. sense_key=community%1:14:02:: | definition=(ecology) a group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other | synonyms=biotic community

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "community" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses a conference attended by various interest groups, including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations, and service users. The focus is on the involvement of different types of organizations and individuals in service planning and provision.

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The word "community" is used as an adjective to describe "organisations." This implies that "community organisations" are being referred to, which typically means organizations that operate at a local level or are focused on serving the local community.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. a group of people living in a particular local area**: This sense aligns with the common understanding of "community" as relating to people in a specific geographical area.
   - **2. common ownership**: This sense doesn't fit the context as "community organisations" doesn't imply shared ownership of possessions.
   - **3. a group of nations having common interests**: This is too broad and doesn't directly relate to "community organisations" in the context provided.
   - **4. agreement as to goals**: While this could be a possible interpretation in some contexts, it doesn't directly apply to "community organisations" as described.
   - **5. a district where people live; occupied primarily by private residences**: This refers more to a geographical area rather than organisations.
   - **6. (ecology) a group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other**: This is too specific to ecology and doesn't fit the context.

4. **Choosing the Best Sense**: The context suggests that "community organisations" refers to organizations that are likely local or focused on community issues, which aligns most closely with the first sense: "a group of people living in a particular local area." Although "community organisations" is a compound noun, the closest WordNet sense that captures the essence of "community" here relates to a local or specific group, which is best represented by sense 1.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "community" in the given context is **{"sense_index": 1}**.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: organisation
Target surface form: organisations
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community <t>organisations</t> as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=organisation%1:14:01:: | definition=the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something | synonyms=administration, governance, governing body, establishment, brass, organization | examples=he claims that the present administration is corrupt; the governance of an association is responsible to its members
2. sense_key=organisation%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of people who work together | synonyms=organization
3. sense_key=organisation%1:09:00:: | definition=an organized structure for arranging or classifying | synonyms=arrangement, organization, system | examples=he changed the arrangement of the topics; the facts were familiar but it was in the organization of them that he was original
4. sense_key=organisation%1:07:00:: | definition=an ordered manner; orderliness by virtue of being methodical and well organized | synonyms=organization, system | examples=his compulsive organization was not an endearing quality; we can't do it unless we establish some system around here
5. sense_key=organisation%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of organizing a business or an activity related to a business | synonyms=organization | examples=he was brought in to supervise the organization of a new department
6. sense_key=organisation%1:04:01:: | definition=the activity or result of distributing or disposing persons or things properly or methodically | synonyms=organization | examples=his organization of the work force was very efficient
7. sense_key=organisation%1:04:02:: | definition=the act of forming or establishing something | synonyms=constitution, establishment, formation, organization | examples=the constitution of a PTA group last year; it was the establishment of his reputation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "organisations" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context is about a conference attended by participants from various interest groups, including "voluntary and community organisations" alongside public authorities, social partners, and service users. The discussion revolves around the involvement of users in service planning and provision.

1. The first sense refers to "the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something." While this could potentially fit, the context doesn't directly imply an administrative body but rather groups or entities.

2. The second sense is "a group of people who work together." This is a plausible definition as "voluntary and community organisations" can be seen as groups of people working together for a common cause.

3. The third sense, "an organized structure for arranging or classifying," doesn't directly apply to the context of organisations as entities participating in a conference.

4. The fourth sense refers to "an ordered manner; orderliness by virtue of being methodical and well organized," which doesn't fit the context as it describes a quality rather than an entity.

5. The fifth sense is "the act of organizing a business or an activity related to a business." While related to organisation, it doesn't directly fit the context of referring to entities or groups.

6. The sixth sense, "the activity or result of distributing or disposing persons or things properly or methodically," is more about the process or result of organisation rather than the entities themselves.

7. The seventh sense, "the act of forming or establishing something," is also more about the process of creating an organisation rather than the organisations as entities.

Given the context, "organisations" refers to entities or groups that are participating in or relevant to the discussion at the conference. The most fitting definition is "a group of people who work together," which aligns with the second sense.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for "organisations" in the given context is the second sense.

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: service
Target surface form: service
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as <t>service</t> users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=service%1:04:08:: | definition=work done by one person or group that benefits another | examples=budget separately for goods and services
2. sense_key=service%1:04:00:: | definition=an act of help or assistance | examples=he did them a service
3. sense_key=service%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of public worship following prescribed rules | synonyms=religious service, divine service | examples=the Sunday service
4. sense_key=service%1:14:05:: | definition=a company or agency that performs a public service; subject to government regulation
5. sense_key=service%1:04:07:: | definition=employment in or work for another | examples=he retired after 30 years of service
6. sense_key=service%1:14:00:: | definition=a force that is a branch of the armed forces | synonyms=military service, armed service
7. sense_key=service%1:18:00:: | definition=Canadian writer (born in England) who wrote about life in the Yukon Territory (1874-1958) | synonyms=Robert William Service
8. sense_key=service%1:07:00:: | definition=a means of serving | synonyms=avail, help | examples=of no avail; there's no help for it
9. sense_key=service%1:06:00:: | definition=tableware consisting of a complete set of articles (silver or dishware) for use at table | synonyms=table service
10. sense_key=service%1:04:03:: | definition=the act of mating by male animals | synonyms=servicing | examples=the bull was worth good money in servicing fees
11. sense_key=service%1:04:09:: | definition=(law) the acts performed by an English feudal tenant for the benefit of his lord which formed the consideration for the property granted to him
12. sense_key=service%1:04:02:: | definition=(sports) a stroke that puts the ball in play | synonyms=serve | examples=his powerful serves won the game
13. sense_key=service%1:04:04:: | definition=the act of delivering a writ or summons upon someone | synonyms=serving, service of process | examples=he accepted service of the subpoena
14. sense_key=service%1:04:05:: | definition=periodic maintenance on a car or machine | synonyms=overhaul, inspection and repair | examples=it was time for an overhaul on the tractor
15. sense_key=service%1:04:06:: | definition=the performance of duties by a waiter or servant | examples=that restaurant has excellent service

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "service" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses a conference attended by various interest groups, including "service users." It talks about the involvement of users in "service planning" and "service provision." The context suggests that "service" refers to an action or provision that benefits others, likely in a social or organizational setting.

2. **Candidate Senses Analysis**:
   - **1. work done by one person or group that benefits another**: This definition fits the context as it refers to actions or provisions that benefit others.
   - **2. an act of help or assistance**: While this could fit, it's more about a specific act rather than an ongoing provision or system.
   - **3. the act of public worship following prescribed rules**: This is related to religious services, which doesn't fit the context.
   - **4. a company or agency that performs a public service; subject to government regulation**: This could be a possible interpretation, as it relates to organizations providing services.
   - **Other senses** are less relevant as they relate to specific domains (like sports, law, or military) or unrelated concepts (like tableware or a person's name).

3. **Choosing the Best Sense**:
   - The context mentions "service users," "service planning," and "service provision," indicating that "service" refers to the work or actions done to benefit others, likely through organizations or systems.
   - Sense **1. work done by one person or group that benefits another** is the most fitting as it directly relates to the concept of services being provided to users, aligning with the context of service planning and provision.

4. **Indexed Sense Selection**: The first sense (sense_key=service%1:04:08::) corresponds to this definition.

5. **Response Formatting**: The task requires returning a JSON object with the sense index.

Given the analysis, the best indexed sense for "service" in the context is **1**.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: user
Target surface form: users
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service <t>users</t>. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=user%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who makes use of a thing; someone who uses or employs something
2. sense_key=user%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who uses something or someone selfishly or unethically | synonyms=exploiter
3. sense_key=user%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who takes drugs | synonyms=drug user, substance abuser

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "users" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses a conference attended by various interest groups, including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations, and service users. It highlights the involvement of users in service planning and provision.

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The word "users" is used in the context of services, indicating that it refers to individuals who utilize or make use of these services.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1**: "a person who makes use of a thing; someone who uses or employs something." This definition aligns with the context of individuals using services.
   - **Sense 2**: "a person who uses something or someone selfishly or unethically." The context does not imply selfish or unethical use; it simply discusses the role of users in service planning and provision.
   - **Sense 3**: "a person who takes drugs." While this is a specific type of "user," the context does not specifically mention or imply drug use.

4. **Making a Decision**:
   - The context is about service users in a broad sense, not limited to or specifically indicating drug use or selfish/unethical behavior.
   - The first sense ("a person who makes use of a thing; someone who uses or employs something") fits the context as it refers to individuals utilizing services, which is a general and neutral definition applicable to the discussion about service planning and provision.

5. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**: Based on the context and the definitions provided, the most appropriate sense is the first one, which corresponds to **sense_index: 1**.

Therefore, the response in the required JSON format is: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: case
Target surface form: cases
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few <t>cases</t> reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common. Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=case%1:11:00:: | definition=an occurrence of something | synonyms=instance, example | examples=it was a case of bad judgment; another instance occurred yesterday
2. sense_key=case%1:26:00:: | definition=a special set of circumstances | synonyms=event | examples=in that event, the first possibility is excluded; it may rain in which case the picnic will be canceled
3. sense_key=case%1:04:00:: | definition=a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy | synonyms=lawsuit, suit, cause, causa | examples=the family brought suit against the landlord
4. sense_key=case%1:09:00:: | definition=the actual state of things | examples=that was not the case
5. sense_key=case%1:06:00:: | definition=a portable container for carrying several objects | examples=the musicians left their instrument cases backstage
6. sense_key=case%1:18:03:: | definition=a person requiring professional services | examples=a typical case was the suburban housewife described by a marriage counselor
7. sense_key=case%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who is subjected to experimental or other observational procedures; someone who is an object of investigation | synonyms=subject, guinea pig | examples=the subjects for this investigation were selected randomly; the cases that we studied were drawn from two different communities
8. sense_key=case%1:10:02:: | definition=a problem requiring investigation | examples=Perry Mason solved the case of the missing heir
9. sense_key=case%1:10:01:: | definition=a statement of facts and reasons used to support an argument | examples=he stated his case clearly
10. sense_key=case%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity contained in a case | synonyms=caseful
11. sense_key=case%1:10:00:: | definition=nouns or pronouns or adjectives (often marked by inflection) related in some way to other words in a sentence | synonyms=grammatical case
12. sense_key=case%1:26:02:: | definition=a specific state of mind that is temporary | examples=a case of the jitters
13. sense_key=case%1:18:04:: | definition=a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities) | synonyms=character, eccentric, type | examples=a real character; a strange character
14. sense_key=case%1:10:03:: | definition=a specific size and style of type within a type family | synonyms=font, fount, typeface, face
15. sense_key=case%1:08:00:: | definition=an enveloping structure or covering enclosing an animal or plant organ or part | synonyms=sheath
16. sense_key=case%1:06:06:: | definition=the housing or outer covering of something | synonyms=shell, casing | examples=the clock has a walnut case
17. sense_key=case%1:06:07:: | definition=the enclosing frame around a door or window opening | synonyms=casing | examples=the casings had rotted away and had to be replaced
18. sense_key=case%1:06:03:: | definition=(printing) the receptacle in which a compositor has his type, which is divided into compartments for the different letters, spaces, or numbers | synonyms=compositor's case, typesetter's case | examples=for English, a compositor will ordinarily have two such cases, the upper case containing the capitals and the lower case containing the small letters
19. sense_key=case%1:06:02:: | definition=bed linen consisting of a cover for a pillow | synonyms=pillowcase, slip, pillow slip | examples=the burglar carried his loot in a pillowcase
20. sense_key=case%1:06:01:: | definition=a glass container used to store and display items in a shop or museum or home | synonyms=display case, showcase, vitrine

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "cases" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The sentence is: "There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common."

The context is about a conference discussing the involvement of users in service planning and provision. The word "cases" here refers to instances or examples of attempts to involve users in service planning.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. "an occurrence of something" - This sense fits well as "cases" refers to instances of attempts to involve users.
2. "a special set of circumstances" - While this could potentially fit, it's less specific to the context of instances or examples.
3. "a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law" - This sense is too specific to legal proceedings, which isn't indicated in the context.
4. "the actual state of things" - This doesn't fit as "cases" refers to specific instances, not a general state.
5. Various other senses related to containers, grammatical cases, types, etc., which don't fit the context.

Given the context and the examples provided for the candidate senses, the most appropriate sense is "an occurrence of something" or "instance, example" as it directly relates to the instances of attempts to involve users in service planning.

The best matching sense is: 1. sense_key=case%1:11:00:: with definition "an occurrence of something" and synonyms "instance, example".

Thus, the JSON response should be: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: report
Target surface form: reported
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases <t>reported</t> of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common. Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=report%2:32:00:: | definition=to give an account or representation of in words | synonyms=describe, account | examples=Discreet Italian police described it in a manner typically continental
2. sense_key=report%2:32:04:: | definition=announce as the result of an investigation or experience or finding | examples=Dozens of incidents of wife beatings are reported daily in this city; The team reported significant advances in their research
3. sense_key=report%2:32:03:: | definition=announce one's presence | examples=I report to work every day at 9 o'clock
4. sense_key=report%2:32:01:: | definition=make known to the authorities | examples=One student reported the other to the principal
5. sense_key=report%2:32:13:: | definition=be responsible for reporting the details of, as in journalism | synonyms=cover | examples=Snow reported on China in the 1950's; The cub reporter covered New York City
6. sense_key=report%2:32:02:: | definition=complain about; make a charge against | examples=I reported her to the supervisor

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "reported" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The sentence where "reported" appears is: "There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common." The context is about a conference and discussions around the involvement of users in service planning and provision. The word "reported" here refers to the instances or cases that were brought to attention or documented.

2. **Understanding the Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. to give an account or representation of in words**: This involves describing something.
   - **2. announce as the result of an investigation or experience or finding**: This involves announcing or stating something as a result of some form of investigation or experience.
   - **3. announce one's presence**: This is about making one's presence known, typically in a work or formal setting.
   - **4. make known to the authorities**: This involves informing the authorities about something.
   - **5. be responsible for reporting the details of, as in journalism**: This is about covering news or events as a journalist.
   - **6. complain about; make a charge against**: This involves making a complaint or accusation against someone.

3. **Analyzing "reported" in Context**: The word "reported" is used in the context of cases or instances being documented or brought to attention. The closest meaning here is related to announcing or stating something as a result of an investigation or experience.

4. **Matching with Candidate Senses**:
   - The usage of "reported" in the sentence best aligns with **2. announce as the result of an investigation or experience or finding**, as it refers to the cases that were documented or brought to attention as a result of some form of investigation or observation.

5. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**: The examples provided for sense 2, such as "Dozens of incidents of wife beatings are reported daily in this city," closely match the usage in the given context, where "reported" refers to cases being documented or announced.

6. **Conclusion**: The best indexed sense for "reported" in the given context is **2**.

Therefore, the JSON response is: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: attempt
Target surface form: attempts
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of <t>attempts</t> to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common. Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=attempt%1:04:00:: | definition=earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something | synonyms=effort, endeavor, endeavour, try | examples=made an effort to cover all the reading material; wished him luck in his endeavor
2. sense_key=attempt%1:04:02:: | definition=the act of attacking | synonyms=attack | examples=attacks on women increased last year; they made an attempt on his life

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "attempts" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The sentence discusses a conference and the involvement of various groups in service planning and provision. It mentions "attempts to involve users in service planning."

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The word "attempts" is used in the context of trying to involve users in service planning.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1**: Defines "attempt" as "earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something." The synonyms provided are "effort, endeavor, endeavour, try." An example given is "made an effort to cover all the reading material."
   - **Sense 2**: Defines "attempt" as "the act of attacking" with a synonym "attack." An example is "attacks on women increased last year; they made an attempt on his life."

4. **Applying Context to Candidate Senses**:
   - In the given context, "attempts to involve users in service planning" implies trying or making an effort to do something, not an act of aggression or attack.
   - The usage aligns with the first sense, which involves making an effort to accomplish something.

5. **Choosing the Best Indexed Sense**:
   - Given that the context involves trying to involve users in service planning, which is an effort or endeavor, **Sense 1** is the most appropriate.
   - The indexed sense corresponding to the definition and examples that match the context is the first one listed.

6. **Returning the Answer in the Required Format**:
Since Sense 1 is the correct choice and it is listed as the first candidate sense, its index is 1.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: involve
Target surface form: involve
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to <t>involve</t> users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common. Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=involve%2:42:01:: | definition=connect closely and often incriminatingly | synonyms=affect, regard | examples=This new ruling affects your business
2. sense_key=involve%2:42:04:: | definition=engage as a participant | examples=Don't involve me in your family affairs!
3. sense_key=involve%2:42:00:: | definition=have as a necessary feature | synonyms=imply | examples=This decision involves many changes
4. sense_key=involve%2:42:07:: | definition=require as useful, just, or proper | synonyms=necessitate, ask, postulate, need, require, take | examples=It takes nerve to do what she did; success usually requires hard work
5. sense_key=involve%2:42:02:: | definition=contain as a part | examples=Dinner at Joe's always involves at least six courses
6. sense_key=involve%2:31:00:: | definition=occupy or engage the interest of | examples=His story completely involved me during the entire afternoon
7. sense_key=involve%2:30:00:: | definition=make complex or intricate or complicated | examples=The situation was rather involved

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "involve" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence and the provided candidate senses.

The sentence is: "There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common."

The context is about involving users in service planning and provision, indicating an action of engaging or including someone in an activity.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. The first sense is "connect closely and often incriminatingly." This doesn't fit the context as involving users in planning doesn't necessarily imply incrimination.
2. The second sense is "engage as a participant." This matches the context as it involves engaging users in service planning.
3. The third sense is "have as a necessary feature." While this could sometimes relate to involving something, it doesn't directly fit the context of engaging users.
4. The fourth sense is "require as useful, just, or proper." This is more about necessity rather than the act of engaging someone.
5. The fifth sense is "contain as a part." This doesn't directly relate to the action of involving users.
6. The sixth sense is "occupy or engage the interest of." While this involves engagement, it's more about captivating interest rather than the act of inclusion in an activity.
7. The seventh sense is "make complex or intricate or complicated." This doesn't fit the context as involving users doesn't necessarily mean making something complicated.

Given the context and the examples, the second sense "engage as a participant" is the most appropriate. It directly relates to the action described in the sentence.

Therefore, the best indexed sense is the one corresponding to "engage as a participant."

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: user
Target surface form: users
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve <t>users</t> in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common. Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=user%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who makes use of a thing; someone who uses or employs something
2. sense_key=user%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who uses something or someone selfishly or unethically | synonyms=exploiter
3. sense_key=user%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who takes drugs | synonyms=drug user, substance abuser

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "users" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses a conference attended by various interest groups, including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations, and "service users." It highlights the involvement of "users" in service planning and provision.

2. **Understanding the Term "users"**: In this context, "users" refers to individuals who utilize or make use of services provided by organizations or entities mentioned.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **Sense 1**: "a person who makes use of a thing; someone who uses or employs something." This definition aligns with the context of "service users," implying individuals who make use of services.
   - **Sense 2**: "a person who uses something or someone selfishly or unethically." The context does not suggest that the "users" are being selfish or unethical; it is neutral.
   - **Sense 3**: "a person who takes drugs." The context does not specifically relate to drug use or substance abuse.

4. **Making a Decision**:
   - The term "service users" is commonly used in social and healthcare contexts to refer to individuals who receive or utilize services.
   - The context does not imply negative connotations associated with Sense 2 or the specific activity related to Sense 3.
   - The discussion around "service users" and their involvement in service planning and provision fits well with Sense 1, as it refers to individuals making use of services.

5. **Conclusion**: The most appropriate sense for "users" in the given context is Sense 1, as it aligns with the general understanding of "service users" without any negative or specific activity connotations.

Therefore, the best indexed sense is: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: service
Target surface form: service
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in <t>service</t> planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common. Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=service%1:04:08:: | definition=work done by one person or group that benefits another | examples=budget separately for goods and services
2. sense_key=service%1:04:00:: | definition=an act of help or assistance | examples=he did them a service
3. sense_key=service%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of public worship following prescribed rules | synonyms=religious service, divine service | examples=the Sunday service
4. sense_key=service%1:14:05:: | definition=a company or agency that performs a public service; subject to government regulation
5. sense_key=service%1:04:07:: | definition=employment in or work for another | examples=he retired after 30 years of service
6. sense_key=service%1:14:00:: | definition=a force that is a branch of the armed forces | synonyms=military service, armed service
7. sense_key=service%1:18:00:: | definition=Canadian writer (born in England) who wrote about life in the Yukon Territory (1874-1958) | synonyms=Robert William Service
8. sense_key=service%1:07:00:: | definition=a means of serving | synonyms=avail, help | examples=of no avail; there's no help for it
9. sense_key=service%1:06:00:: | definition=tableware consisting of a complete set of articles (silver or dishware) for use at table | synonyms=table service
10. sense_key=service%1:04:03:: | definition=the act of mating by male animals | synonyms=servicing | examples=the bull was worth good money in servicing fees
11. sense_key=service%1:04:09:: | definition=(law) the acts performed by an English feudal tenant for the benefit of his lord which formed the consideration for the property granted to him
12. sense_key=service%1:04:02:: | definition=(sports) a stroke that puts the ball in play | synonyms=serve | examples=his powerful serves won the game
13. sense_key=service%1:04:04:: | definition=the act of delivering a writ or summons upon someone | synonyms=serving, service of process | examples=he accepted service of the subpoena
14. sense_key=service%1:04:05:: | definition=periodic maintenance on a car or machine | synonyms=overhaul, inspection and repair | examples=it was time for an overhaul on the tractor
15. sense_key=service%1:04:06:: | definition=the performance of duties by a waiter or servant | examples=that restaurant has excellent service

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "service" in the given context, let's analyze the context and the provided candidate senses.

The context is about a conference discussing the role of various actors, including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organizations, and service users. It mentions "service planning" and "service provision," indicating that "service" refers to an activity or work done for others, particularly in the context of public welfare.

Let's examine the relevant candidate senses:

1. **work done by one person or group that benefits another** - This definition aligns with the context of "service planning" and "service provision" in relation to public welfare.
2. **an act of help or assistance** - While related, this is more about a specific act rather than an ongoing provision or planning.
3. **the act of public worship following prescribed rules** - This is unrelated to the context provided.
4. **a company or agency that performs a public service; subject to government regulation** - This could be relevant as it talks about public service, but it's more about the entity providing the service rather than the service itself.
5. **employment in or work for another** - This is too broad and doesn't directly relate to the context of service planning and provision.
6. **a force that is a branch of the armed forces** - Unrelated to the context.
7. **Canadian writer** - Unrelated to the context.
8. **a means of serving** - While related, it's somewhat vague and not as directly connected to the context as sense 1.
9. **tableware consisting of a complete set of articles for use at table** - Unrelated to the context.
10. **the act of mating by male animals** - Unrelated to the context.
11. **(law) the acts performed by an English feudal tenant for the benefit of his lord** - Unrelated to the context.
12. **(sports) a stroke that puts the ball in play** - Unrelated to the context.
13. **the act of delivering a writ or summons upon someone** - Unrelated to the context.
14. **periodic maintenance on a car or machine** - While related to the concept of service, it's not directly relevant to the context of public welfare and service users.
15. **the performance of duties by a waiter or servant** - While related to service, it's more specific to the context of hospitality rather than public welfare.

Given the context and the definitions, the most appropriate sense is **1. work done by one person or group that benefits another**, as it directly relates to the concept of "service" in "service planning" and "service provision" in the context of public welfare.

Therefore, the best indexed sense for the target word "service" is: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: planning
Target surface form: planning
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service <t>planning</t> but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common. Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=planning%1:04:00:: | definition=an act of formulating a program for a definite course of action | examples=the planning was more fun than the trip itself
2. sense_key=planning%1:04:02:: | definition=the act or process of drawing up plans or layouts for some project or enterprise
3. sense_key=planning%1:09:00:: | definition=the cognitive process of thinking about what you will do in the event of something happening | synonyms=preparation, provision | examples=his planning for retirement was hindered by several uncertainties

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best indexed sense for the target word "planning" in the given context, let's analyze the provided information step by step.

1. **Context Analysis**: The passage discusses a conference focused on challenges related to the involvement of various groups, including service users, in service planning and provision. The specific sentence with the target word is: "There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common."

2. **Understanding the Target Word**: The word "planning" here refers to the process related to services, indicating an organizational or managerial aspect.

3. **Examining Candidate Senses**:
   - **1. planning%1:04:00::**: This sense refers to "an act of formulating a program for a definite course of action." The example given is "the planning was more fun than the trip itself," which doesn't directly relate to the context of service management or organizational planning.
   - **2. planning%1:04:02::**: This sense is defined as "the act or process of drawing up plans or layouts for some project or enterprise." This aligns closely with the context of service planning, where planning involves organizing or structuring services.
   - **3. planning%1:09:00::**: This sense involves "the cognitive process of thinking about what you will do in the event of something happening," with synonyms like "preparation" and "provision." While it involves thinking ahead, it's more about personal or contingency planning rather than organizational planning.

4. **Choosing the Best Sense**:
   - The context is about involving users in the process of organizing or managing services, which fits well with the idea of drawing up plans or layouts for a project or enterprise.
   - Sense 2 directly relates to this context as it involves planning for services, which is an enterprise or project.

5. **Conclusion**: Based on the context and the definitions provided, the most appropriate sense for "planning" is the one related to drawing up plans or layouts for some project or enterprise.

Therefore, the best indexed sense is **2**.

{"sense_index": 2}