[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: right
Target surface form: right
Context:
The finding riveted medicine. It was the first time anyone had showed that the loss of both copies of the same gene could lead to the eruption of a cancer. "It was extraordinarily satisfying, "says Dr. Knudson, now at Fox Chase Cancer Research Center in Philadelphia. "I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was <t>right</t>, and set out to repeat the Cavenee experiment in cells from other cancers. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=right%3:00:00:: | definition=being or located on or directed toward the side of the body to the east when facing north | examples=my right hand; right center field
2. sense_key=right%3:00:02:: | definition=free from error; especially conforming to fact or truth | synonyms=correct | examples=the correct answer; the correct version
3. sense_key=right%5:00:01:proper:00 | definition=socially right or correct | synonyms=correct | examples=it isn't right to leave the party without saying goodbye; correct behavior
4. sense_key=right%3:00:01:: | definition=in conformance with justice or law or morality | examples=do the right thing and confess
5. sense_key=right%3:00:04:: | definition=correct in opinion or judgment | synonyms=correct | examples=time proved him right
6. sense_key=right%5:00:00:appropriate:00 | definition=appropriate for a condition or purpose or occasion or a person's character, needs | synonyms=proper | examples=everything in its proper place; the right man for the job
7. sense_key=right%3:00:03:: | definition=of or belonging to the political or intellectual right
8. sense_key=right%5:00:00:satisfactory:00 | definition=in or into a satisfactory condition | examples=things are right again now; put things right
9. sense_key=right%5:00:00:right-handed:00 | definition=intended for the right hand | synonyms=right-hand | examples=a right-hand glove
10. sense_key=right%5:00:02:proper:00 | definition=in accord with accepted standards of usage or procedure | synonyms=correct | examples=what's the right word for this?; the right way to open oysters
11. sense_key=right%5:00:00:perpendicular:00 | definition=having the axis perpendicular to the base | examples=a right angle
12. sense_key=right%5:00:00:outside:00 | definition=(of the side of cloth or clothing) facing or intended to face outward | examples=the right side of the cloth showed the pattern; be sure your shirt is right side out
13. sense_key=right%5:00:00:opportune:00 | definition=most suitable or right for a particular purpose | synonyms=good, ripe | examples=a good time to plant tomatoes; the right time to act
14. sense_key=right%5:00:00:accurate:00 | definition=precisely accurate | synonyms=veracious | examples=a veracious account

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
The sentence uses "right" to express agreement with Dr. Knudson's claim that the findings about retinoblastoma would apply to all cancers. The context indicates that Dr. Vogelstein believed Dr. Knudson was **correct** in this assertion. Among the candidate senses, the one that best captures the meaning of "right" as expressing correctness or truthfulness is:

- **sense_key=right%3:00:02::** definition=free from error; especially conforming to fact or truth; synonyms=correct; examples=the correct answer; the correct version

Therefore, the best indexed sense is sense 2.

The JSON response is:

```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: set_out
Target surface form: set out
Context:
The finding riveted medicine. It was the first time anyone had showed that the loss of both copies of the same gene could lead to the eruption of a cancer. "It was extraordinarily satisfying, "says Dr. Knudson, now at Fox Chase Cancer Research Center in Philadelphia. "I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and <t>set out</t> to repeat the Cavenee experiment in cells from other cancers. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=set_out%2:30:00:: | definition=take the first step or steps in carrying out an action | synonyms=get down, begin, get, start out, start, set about | examples=We began working at dawn; Who will start?
2. sense_key=set_out%2:35:00:: | definition=lay out orderly or logically in a line or as if in a line | synonyms=range, array, lay out | examples=lay out the clothes; lay out the arguments
3. sense_key=set_out%2:38:00:: | definition=leave | synonyms=depart, part, start, start out, set forth, set off | examples=The family took off for Florida

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
The sentence "But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and **set out** to repeat the Cavenee experiment in cells from other cancers." clearly indicates that Dr. Vogelstein began the process of repeating the experiment. This aligns with the definition "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action," which matches the first candidate sense:

1. **sense_key=set_out%2:30:00::** – definition: take the first step or steps in carrying out an action; synonyms: get down, begin, get, start out, start, set about; examples: We began working at dawn; Who will start?

The other senses (laying out logically or leaving) do not fit the context of initiating an experiment. Therefore, the best indexed sense is the first one.

**Answer:**
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: repeat
Target surface form: repeat
Context:
The finding riveted medicine. It was the first time anyone had showed that the loss of both copies of the same gene could lead to the eruption of a cancer. "It was extraordinarily satisfying, "says Dr. Knudson, now at Fox Chase Cancer Research Center in Philadelphia. "I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and set out to <t>repeat</t> the Cavenee experiment in cells from other cancers. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=repeat%2:32:00:: | definition=to say, state, or perform again | synonyms=reiterate, ingeminate, iterate, restate, retell | examples=She kept reiterating her request
2. sense_key=repeat%2:36:00:: | definition=make or do or perform again | synonyms=duplicate, reduplicate, double, replicate | examples=He could never replicate his brilliant performance of the magic trick
3. sense_key=repeat%2:30:00:: | definition=happen or occur again | synonyms=recur | examples=This is a recurring story
4. sense_key=repeat%2:32:01:: | definition=to say again or imitate | synonyms=echo | examples=followers echoing the cries of their leaders
5. sense_key=repeat%2:41:00:: | definition=do over | synonyms=take over | examples=They would like to take it over again
6. sense_key=repeat%2:36:01:: | definition=repeat an earlier theme of a composition | synonyms=reprise, reprize, recapitulate

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best sense for "repeat" in the given context, we analyze the sentence:

> "His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor. **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor. **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual

finish_reason: length


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: repeat
Target surface form: repeat
Context:
The finding riveted medicine. It was the first time anyone had showed that the loss of both copies of the same gene could lead to the eruption of a cancer. "It was extraordinarily satisfying, "says Dr. Knudson, now at Fox Chase Cancer Research Center in Philadelphia. "I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and set out to <t>repeat</t> the Cavenee experiment in cells from other cancers. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=repeat%2:32:00:: | definition=to say, state, or perform again | synonyms=reiterate, ingeminate, iterate, restate, retell | examples=She kept reiterating her request
2. sense_key=repeat%2:36:00:: | definition=make or do or perform again | synonyms=duplicate, reduplicate, double, replicate | examples=He could never replicate his brilliant performance of the magic trick
3. sense_key=repeat%2:30:00:: | definition=happen or occur again | synonyms=recur | examples=This is a recurring story
4. sense_key=repeat%2:32:01:: | definition=to say again or imitate | synonyms=echo | examples=followers echoing the cries of their leaders
5. sense_key=repeat%2:41:00:: | definition=do over | synonyms=take over | examples=They would like to take it over again
6. sense_key=repeat%2:36:01:: | definition=repeat an earlier theme of a composition | synonyms=reprise, reprize, recapitulate

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

[Assistant]
To determine the best sense for "repeat" in the given context, we analyze the sentence:

> "His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor. **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor. **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 6. Return only valid JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}.

raw_output:
To determine the best sense for "repeat" in the context:

> "His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor. **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.** **His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: experiment
Target surface form: experiment
Context:
The finding riveted medicine. It was the first time anyone had showed that the loss of both copies of the same gene could lead to the eruption of a cancer. "It was extraordinarily satisfying, "says Dr. Knudson, now at Fox Chase Cancer Research Center in Philadelphia. "I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and set out to repeat the Cavenee <t>experiment</t> in cells from other cancers. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=experiment%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of conducting a controlled test or investigation | synonyms=experimentation
2. sense_key=experiment%1:09:00:: | definition=the testing of an idea | synonyms=experimentation | examples=it was an experiment in living; not all experimentation is done in laboratories
3. sense_key=experiment%1:04:01:: | definition=a venture at something new or different | examples=as an experiment he decided to grow a beard

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best sense for "experiment" in the given context, let's analyze the sentence:

> "But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and set out to **repeat the Cavenee <t>experiment</t>** in cells from other cancers."

The key points are:
- Dr. Vogelstein is **repeating** an existing study ("the Cavenee experiment").
- The purpose is to **conduct a controlled test or investigation** on cells from other cancers to verify the findings.

Now, let's evaluate the candidate senses:

1. **Sense 1**: "the act of conducting a controlled test or investigation"
   - This aligns directly with the idea of repeating a scientific study to verify results, which is precisely what Dr. Vogelstein is doing.

2. **Sense 2**: "the testing of an idea"
   - While this also fits, it is broader and less specific to the controlled, repeatable nature of scientific experiments.

3. **Sense 3**: "a venture at something new or different"
   - This sense emphasizes novelty and trying something new, which is not the primary focus here; Dr. Vogelstein is not creating a new idea but replicating an existing one.

Given the context of **repeating a specific scientific study** to test a hypothesis, **Sense 1** is the most appropriate.

Therefore, the best indexed sense is:

```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cell
Target surface form: cells
Context:
The finding riveted medicine. It was the first time anyone had showed that the loss of both copies of the same gene could lead to the eruption of a cancer. "It was extraordinarily satisfying, "says Dr. Knudson, now at Fox Chase Cancer Research Center in Philadelphia. "I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and set out to repeat the Cavenee experiment in <t>cells</t> from other cancers. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cell%1:06:03:: | definition=any small compartment | examples=the cells of a honeycomb
2. sense_key=cell%1:03:00:: | definition=(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
3. sense_key=cell%1:06:00:: | definition=a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction | synonyms=electric cell
4. sense_key=cell%1:14:00:: | definition=a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement | synonyms=cadre
5. sense_key=cell%1:06:04:: | definition=a hand-held mobile radiotelephone for use in an area divided into small sections, each with its own short-range transmitter/receiver | synonyms=cellular telephone, cellular phone, cellphone, mobile phone
6. sense_key=cell%1:06:02:: | definition=small room in which a monk or nun lives | synonyms=cubicle
7. sense_key=cell%1:06:01:: | definition=a room where a prisoner is kept | synonyms=jail cell, prison cell

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
The context describes Dr. Vogelstein's experiment involving "cells" from other cancers, indicating that the word "cells" refers to biological cells used in a scientific study. This aligns with the definition of biological cells as the basic structural and functional units of living organisms. Therefore, the best sense is:

```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: other
Target surface form: other
Context:
The finding riveted medicine. It was the first time anyone had showed that the loss of both copies of the same gene could lead to the eruption of a cancer. "It was extraordinarily satisfying, "says Dr. Knudson, now at Fox Chase Cancer Research Center in Philadelphia. "I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and set out to repeat the Cavenee experiment in cells from <t>other</t> cancers. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
2. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening
3. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=belonging to the distant past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
The context of the sentence is discussing Dr. Vogelstein's decision to repeat an experiment on cells from "other cancers," indicating a comparison to previously mentioned cancers (retinoblastoma). The word "other" here is used to refer to additional, distinct cancers beyond the one already discussed. This aligns with the definition of "other" as "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied." Therefore, the best indexed sense is:

```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cancer
Target surface form: cancers
Context:
The finding riveted medicine. It was the first time anyone had showed that the loss of both copies of the same gene could lead to the eruption of a cancer. "It was extraordinarily satisfying, "says Dr. Knudson, now at Fox Chase Cancer Research Center in Philadelphia. "I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and set out to repeat the Cavenee experiment in cells from other <t>cancers</t>. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: | definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream | synonyms=malignant neoplastic disease
2. sense_key=cancer%1:18:00:: | definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer | synonyms=Crab
3. sense_key=cancer%1:17:00:: | definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
4. sense_key=cancer%1:15:00:: | definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22 | synonyms=Cancer the Crab, Crab
5. sense_key=cancer%1:05:00:: | definition=type genus of the family Cancridae | synonyms=genus Cancer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
The context discusses the loss of gene copies leading to the development of "cancers" in a medical research setting, specifically mentioning "Wilm's tumor," a type of childhood kidney cancer. This clearly refers to the medical condition of malignant growths, not to astrological signs or biological genus. Therefore, the most appropriate sense is the one describing malignant neoplastic disease.

The best indexed sense is:

```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: team
Target surface form: teams
Context:
It was the first time anyone had showed that the loss of both copies of the same gene could lead to the eruption of a cancer. "It was extraordinarily satisfying, "says Dr. Knudson, now at Fox Chase Cancer Research Center in Philadelphia. "I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and set out to repeat the Cavenee experiment in cells from other cancers. His was one of two research <t>teams</t> in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor. Dr. Vogelstein next turned his attention colon cancer, the second biggest cancer killer in the U.S. after lung cancer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=team%1:14:00:: | definition=a cooperative unit (especially in sports) | synonyms=squad
2. sense_key=team%1:14:01:: | definition=two or more draft animals that work together to pull something

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
The context describes "research teams" working on cancer studies, which aligns with the definition of a "cooperative unit" in a scientific or professional setting. The second sense, referring to draft animals, does not fit this context. Therefore, the best sense is the first one.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: report
Target surface form: report
Context:
It was the first time anyone had showed that the loss of both copies of the same gene could lead to the eruption of a cancer. "It was extraordinarily satisfying, "says Dr. Knudson, now at Fox Chase Cancer Research Center in Philadelphia. "I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and set out to repeat the Cavenee experiment in cells from other cancers. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to <t>report</t> dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor. Dr. Vogelstein next turned his attention colon cancer, the second biggest cancer killer in the U.S. after lung cancer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=report%2:32:00:: | definition=to give an account or representation of in words | synonyms=describe, account | examples=Discreet Italian police described it in a manner typically continental
2. sense_key=report%2:32:04:: | definition=announce as the result of an investigation or experience or finding | examples=Dozens of incidents of wife beatings are reported daily in this city; The team reported significant advances in their research
3. sense_key=report%2:32:03:: | definition=announce one's presence | examples=I report to work every day at 9 o'clock
4. sense_key=report%2:32:01:: | definition=make known to the authorities | examples=One student reported the other to the principal
5. sense_key=report%2:32:13:: | definition=be responsible for reporting the details of, as in journalism | synonyms=cover | examples=Snow reported on China in the 1950's; The cub reporter covered New York City
6. sense_key=report%2:32:02:: | definition=complain about; make a charge against | examples=I reported her to the supervisor

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
The sentence "His was one of two research teams in 1984 to <t>report</t> dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor." indicates that the researchers are communicating or announcing their findings about dual chromosome losses in Wilm's tumor. This aligns with the sense of "report" meaning to announce as the result of an investigation or experience. Therefore, the best indexed sense is:

```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dual
Target surface form: dual
Context:
It was the first time anyone had showed that the loss of both copies of the same gene could lead to the eruption of a cancer. "It was extraordinarily satisfying, "says Dr. Knudson, now at Fox Chase Cancer Research Center in Philadelphia. "I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and set out to repeat the Cavenee experiment in cells from other cancers. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report <t>dual</t> chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor. Dr. Vogelstein next turned his attention colon cancer, the second biggest cancer killer in the U.S. after lung cancer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dual%5:00:00:multiple:00 | definition=consisting of or involving two parts or components usually in pairs | synonyms=double, duple | examples=an egg with a double yolk; a double (binary) star
2. sense_key=dual%5:00:02:multiple:00 | definition=having more than one decidedly dissimilar aspects or qualities; ; - R.W.Emerson; -Frederick Harrison | synonyms=double, twofold, treble, threefold | examples=a double (or dual) role for an actor; the office of a clergyman is twofold; public preaching and private influence
3. sense_key=dual%5:00:00:plural:00 | definition=a grammatical number category referring to two items or units as opposed to one item (singular) or more than two items (plural) | examples=ancient Greek had the dual form but it has merged with the plural form in modern Greek

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best sense for "dual" in the given context, we analyze the surrounding text and the candidate senses:

**Context Analysis:**
- The sentence discusses "dual chromosome losses" in relation to Wilm's tumor.
- The term "dual" is used to describe the occurrence of two losses of the same chromosome.
- This implies a direct reference to something being in pairs or consisting of two parts.

**Candidate Senses Evaluation:**
1. **Sense 1:** "consisting of or involving two parts or components usually in pairs" (synonyms: double, duple; examples: double yolk, double star).
   - This sense aligns perfectly with "dual chromosome losses," as it refers to two parts (chromosomes) being lost.
2. **Sense 2:** "having more than one decidedly dissimilar aspects or qualities" (synonyms: double, twofold, treble, threefold; examples: double role, twofold office).
   - This sense focuses on multiple aspects or qualities, which does not fit the context of chromosome losses.
3. **Sense 3:** "a grammatical number category referring to two items or units as opposed to one item (singular) or more than two items (plural)".
   - This sense pertains to grammatical number, which is irrelevant to the biological context of chromosome losses.

**Conclusion:**
The context clearly indicates a biological phenomenon involving two identical components (chromosomes) being lost, which matches Sense 1 best.

**Final Answer:**
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: loss
Target surface form: losses
Context:
It was the first time anyone had showed that the loss of both copies of the same gene could lead to the eruption of a cancer. "It was extraordinarily satisfying, "says Dr. Knudson, now at Fox Chase Cancer Research Center in Philadelphia. "I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and set out to repeat the Cavenee experiment in cells from other cancers. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome <t>losses</t> for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor. Dr. Vogelstein next turned his attention colon cancer, the second biggest cancer killer in the U.S. after lung cancer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=loss%1:21:01:: | definition=something that is lost | examples=the car was a total loss; loss of livestock left the rancher bankrupt
2. sense_key=loss%1:22:00:: | definition=gradual decline in amount or activity | examples=weight loss; a serious loss of business
3. sense_key=loss%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of losing someone or something | examples=everyone expected him to win so his loss was a shock
4. sense_key=loss%1:07:00:: | definition=the disadvantage that results from losing something | synonyms=deprivation | examples=his loss of credibility led to his resignation; losing him is no great deprivation
5. sense_key=loss%1:11:01:: | definition=the experience of losing a loved one | examples=he sympathized on the loss of their grandfather
6. sense_key=loss%1:21:00:: | definition=the amount by which the cost of a business exceeds its revenue | synonyms=red ink, red | examples=the company operated at a loss last year; the company operated in the red last year
7. sense_key=loss%1:11:00:: | definition=military personnel lost by death or capture | synonyms=personnel casualty
8. sense_key=loss%1:11:02:: | definition=euphemistic expressions for death | synonyms=passing, departure, exit, expiration, going, release | examples=thousands mourned his passing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
The context describes "dual chromosome <t>losses</t>" in relation to cancer research, specifically referring to the genetic phenomenon where both copies of a gene are lost, leading to cancer. This usage aligns with the concept of a **genetic or biological loss**, i.e., the removal or absence of something (in this case, gene copies) that results in a negative outcome (cancer). Among the candidate senses, the one that best captures this meaning is:

- **sense_key=loss%1:21:00::**: "the amount by which the cost of a business exceeds its revenue" is not relevant here.
- **sense_key=loss%1:22:00::**: "gradual decline in amount or activity" does not fit the specific genetic context.
- **sense_key=loss%1:04:00::**: "the act of losing someone or something" is too general and does not specify the biological/genetic aspect.
- **sense_key=loss%1:07:00::**: "the disadvantage that results from losing something" is close but too broad; it does not specifically address the genetic loss of gene copies.
- **sense_key=loss%1:11:01::**: "the experience of losing a loved one" is unrelated.
- **sense_key=loss%1:21:01::**: "something that is lost" is too generic.
- **sense_key=loss%1:11:00::**: "military personnel lost by death or capture" is unrelated.
- **sense_key=loss%1:11:02::**: "euphemistic expressions for death" is unrelated.

The most appropriate sense for "losses" in the context of "dual chromosome losses" is:

- **sense_key=loss%1:21:00::** (interpreted as the loss of genetic material, i.e., the removal or absence of gene copies, leading to a biological disadvantage).

Thus, the best indexed sense is:

```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: childhood
Target surface form: childhood
Context:
It was the first time anyone had showed that the loss of both copies of the same gene could lead to the eruption of a cancer. "It was extraordinarily satisfying, "says Dr. Knudson, now at Fox Chase Cancer Research Center in Philadelphia. "I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and set out to repeat the Cavenee experiment in cells from other cancers. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare <t>childhood</t> cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor. Dr. Vogelstein next turned his attention colon cancer, the second biggest cancer killer in the U.S. after lung cancer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=childhood%1:28:00:: | definition=the time of person's life when they are a child
2. sense_key=childhood%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of a child between infancy and adolescence | synonyms=puerility

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
The context refers to a "rare <t>childhood</t> cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor," indicating that the term "childhood" is used to describe the age group affected by this cancer, i.e., children. This aligns with the definition "the time of person's life when they are a child." The second sense, referring to the state of a child between infancy and adolescence, is less specific to the context of a cancer type. Therefore, the best indexed sense is the first one.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cancer
Target surface form: cancer
Context:
It was the first time anyone had showed that the loss of both copies of the same gene could lead to the eruption of a cancer. "It was extraordinarily satisfying, "says Dr. Knudson, now at Fox Chase Cancer Research Center in Philadelphia. "I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and set out to repeat the Cavenee experiment in cells from other cancers. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood <t>cancer</t> of the kidney called Wilm's tumor. Dr. Vogelstein next turned his attention colon cancer, the second biggest cancer killer in the U.S. after lung cancer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: | definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream | synonyms=malignant neoplastic disease
2. sense_key=cancer%1:18:00:: | definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer | synonyms=Crab
3. sense_key=cancer%1:17:00:: | definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
4. sense_key=cancer%1:15:00:: | definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22 | synonyms=Cancer the Crab, Crab
5. sense_key=cancer%1:05:00:: | definition=type genus of the family Cancridae | synonyms=genus Cancer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
The context discusses "loss of both copies of the same gene leading to the eruption of a cancer," "Wilm's tumor," and "colon cancer," all of which refer to medical conditions involving malignant growths. This aligns with the definition of cancer as a malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division. The other senses relate to astrology or constellations, which do not fit the medical context.

Therefore, the best indexed sense is:

```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: call
Target surface form: called
Context:
It was the first time anyone had showed that the loss of both copies of the same gene could lead to the eruption of a cancer. "It was extraordinarily satisfying, "says Dr. Knudson, now at Fox Chase Cancer Research Center in Philadelphia. "I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and set out to repeat the Cavenee experiment in cells from other cancers. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney <t>called</t> Wilm's tumor. Dr. Vogelstein next turned his attention colon cancer, the second biggest cancer killer in the U.S. after lung cancer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=call%2:32:02:: | definition=assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to | synonyms=name | examples=They named their son David; The new school was named after the famous Civil Rights leader
2. sense_key=call%2:32:00:: | definition=ascribe a quality to or give a name of a common noun that reflects a quality | examples=He called me a bastard; She called her children lazy and ungrateful
3. sense_key=call%2:32:01:: | definition=get or try to get into communication (with someone) by telephone | synonyms=telephone, call up, phone, ring | examples=I tried to call you all night; Take two aspirin and call me in the morning
4. sense_key=call%2:32:09:: | definition=utter a sudden loud cry | synonyms=shout, shout out, cry, yell, scream, holler | examples=she cried with pain when the doctor inserted the needle; I yelled to her from the window but she couldn't hear me
5. sense_key=call%2:32:05:: | definition=order, request, or command to come | synonyms=send for | examples=She was called into the director's office; Call the police!
6. sense_key=call%2:41:00:: | definition=pay a brief visit | synonyms=visit, call in | examples=The mayor likes to call on some of the prominent citizens
7. sense_key=call%2:41:04:: | definition=call a meeting; invite or command to meet | examples=The Wannsee Conference was called to discuss the `Final Solution'; The new dean calls meetings every week
8. sense_key=call%2:32:13:: | definition=read aloud to check for omissions or absentees | examples=Call roll
9. sense_key=call%2:32:04:: | definition=send a message or attempt to reach someone by radio, phone, etc.; make a signal to in order to transmit a message | examples=Hawaii is calling!; A transmitter in Samoa was heard calling
10. sense_key=call%2:32:03:: | definition=utter a characteristic note or cry | examples=bluejays called to one another
11. sense_key=call%2:42:09:: | definition=stop or postpone because of adverse conditions, such as bad weather | examples=call a football game
12. sense_key=call%2:41:14:: | definition=greet, as with a prescribed form, title, or name | synonyms=address | examples=He always addresses me with `Sir'; Call me Mister
13. sense_key=call%2:41:12:: | definition=make a stop in a harbour | examples=The ship will call in Honolulu tomorrow
14. sense_key=call%2:40:09:: | definition=demand payment of (a loan) | synonyms=call in | examples=Call a loan
15. sense_key=call%2:40:05:: | definition=make a demand, as for a card or a suit or a show of hands | synonyms=bid | examples=He called his trump
16. sense_key=call%2:38:00:: | definition=give the calls (to the dancers) for a square dance | synonyms=call off
17. sense_key=call%2:32:06:: | definition=indicate a decision in regard to | examples=call balls and strikes behind the plate
18. sense_key=call%2:32:10:: | definition=make a prediction about; tell in advance | synonyms=predict, foretell, prognosticate, forebode, anticipate, promise | examples=Call the outcome of an election
19. sense_key=call%2:32:12:: | definition=require the presentation of for redemption before maturation | examples=Call a bond
20. sense_key=call%2:32:07:: | definition=challenge (somebody) to make good on a statement; charge with or censure for an offense | examples=He deserves to be called on that
21. sense_key=call%2:32:08:: | definition=declare in the capacity of an umpire or referee | examples=call a runner out
22. sense_key=call%2:32:11:: | definition=lure by imitating the characteristic call of an animal | examples=Call ducks
23. sense_key=call%2:32:15:: | definition=order or request or give a command for | examples=The unions called a general strike for Sunday
24. sense_key=call%2:32:14:: | definition=order, summon, or request for a specific duty or activity, work, role | examples=He was already called 4 times for jury duty; They called him to active military duty
25. sense_key=call%2:31:13:: | definition=utter in a loud voice or announce | examples=He called my name; The auctioneer called the bids
26. sense_key=call%2:31:00:: | definition=challenge the sincerity or truthfulness of | examples=call the speaker on a question of fact
27. sense_key=call%2:31:05:: | definition=consider or regard as being | examples=I would not call her beautiful
28. sense_key=call%2:29:05:: | definition=rouse somebody from sleep with a call | examples=I was called at 5 A.M. this morning

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
The sentence "one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney <t>called</t> Wilm's tumor" uses "called" to denote the name given to a specific type of cancer. This aligns with the sense of assigning a proper name to a thing, which is captured by the definition "assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to" and its synonym "name". Therefore, the best indexed sense is the one corresponding to this definition.

The appropriate sense index for this definition is 1.

Thus, the answer is:

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: turn_to
Target surface form: turned
Context:
"It was extraordinarily satisfying, "says Dr. Knudson, now at Fox Chase Cancer Research Center in Philadelphia. "I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and set out to repeat the Cavenee experiment in cells from other cancers. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor. Dr. Vogelstein next <t>turned</t> his attention colon cancer, the second biggest cancer killer in the U.S. after lung cancer. He believed colon cancer might also arise from multiple "hits "on cancer suppressor genes, because it often seems to develop in stages.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=turn_to%2:32:01:: | definition=speak to | synonyms=address | examples=He addressed the crowd outside the window
2. sense_key=turn_to%2:30:00:: | definition=direct one's interest or attention towards; go into | examples=The pedophile turned to boys for satisfaction; People turn to mysticism at the turn of a millennium

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
The context describes Dr. Vogelstein shifting his focus from Wilm's tumor to colon cancer, indicating a redirection of interest or attention. This aligns with the definition "direct one's interest or attention towards; go into" and the example "He turned his attention to boys for satisfaction." Therefore, the best sense is the second candidate.

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: second
Target surface form: second
Context:
"It was extraordinarily satisfying, "says Dr. Knudson, now at Fox Chase Cancer Research Center in Philadelphia. "I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and set out to repeat the Cavenee experiment in cells from other cancers. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor. Dr. Vogelstein next turned his attention colon cancer, the <t>second</t> biggest cancer killer in the U.S. after lung cancer. He believed colon cancer might also arise from multiple "hits "on cancer suppressor genes, because it often seems to develop in stages.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=second%5:00:00:ordinal:00 | definition=coming next after the first in position in space or time or degree or magnitude | synonyms=2nd, 2d
2. sense_key=second%3:00:00:: | definition=a part or voice or instrument or orchestra section lower in pitch than or subordinate to the first | examples=second flute; the second violins

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
The context refers to "the <t>second</t> biggest cancer killer in the U.S. after lung cancer," which clearly indicates an ordinal usage, meaning "coming next after the first in position." Therefore, the appropriate sense is the ordinal sense.

The best indexed sense is:

**sense_index: 1**


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: second
Target surface form: second
Context:
"It was extraordinarily satisfying, "says Dr. Knudson, now at Fox Chase Cancer Research Center in Philadelphia. "I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and set out to repeat the Cavenee experiment in cells from other cancers. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor. Dr. Vogelstein next turned his attention colon cancer, the <t>second</t> biggest cancer killer in the U.S. after lung cancer. He believed colon cancer might also arise from multiple "hits "on cancer suppressor genes, because it often seems to develop in stages.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=second%5:00:00:ordinal:00 | definition=coming next after the first in position in space or time or degree or magnitude | synonyms=2nd, 2d
2. sense_key=second%3:00:00:: | definition=a part or voice or instrument or orchestra section lower in pitch than or subordinate to the first | examples=second flute; the second violins

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

[Assistant]
The context refers to "the <t>second</t> biggest cancer killer in the U.S. after lung cancer," which clearly indicates an ordinal usage, meaning "coming next after the first in position." Therefore, the appropriate sense is the ordinal sense.

The best indexed sense is:

**sense_index: 1**

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 2. Return only valid JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}.

raw_output:
The context clearly indicates an ordinal usage: "the <t>second</t> biggest cancer killer in the U.S. after lung cancer." This aligns with the definition of "second" as "coming next after the first in position in space or time or degree or magnitude." Therefore, the correct sense is the first candidate.

**sense_index: 1**


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: big
Target surface form: biggest
Context:
"It was extraordinarily satisfying, "says Dr. Knudson, now at Fox Chase Cancer Research Center in Philadelphia. "I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and set out to repeat the Cavenee experiment in cells from other cancers. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor. Dr. Vogelstein next turned his attention colon cancer, the second <t>biggest</t> cancer killer in the U.S. after lung cancer. He believed colon cancer might also arise from multiple "hits "on cancer suppressor genes, because it often seems to develop in stages.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=big%3:00:01:: | definition=above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent | synonyms=large | examples=a large city; set out for the big city
2. sense_key=big%5:00:00:important:00 | definition=significant | examples=graduation was a big day in his life
3. sense_key=big%5:00:00:intense:00 | definition=very intense | synonyms=bad | examples=a bad headache; in a big rage
4. sense_key=big%5:00:00:loud:00 | definition=loud and firm | examples=a big voice; big bold piano sounds
5. sense_key=big%5:00:00:conspicuous:00 | definition=conspicuous in position or importance | synonyms=large, prominent | examples=a big figure in the movement; big man on campus
6. sense_key=big%5:00:00:intemperate:00 | definition=prodigious | synonyms=heavy | examples=big spender; big eater
7. sense_key=big%5:00:02:proud:00 | definition=exhibiting self-importance | synonyms=boastful, braggart, bragging, braggy, cock-a-hoop, crowing | examples=big talk
8. sense_key=big%5:00:00:proud:00 | definition=feeling self-importance | synonyms=swelled, vainglorious | examples=too big for his britches; had a swelled head
9. sense_key=big%5:00:00:mature:01 | definition=(of animals) fully developed | synonyms=adult, full-grown, fully grown, grown, grownup | examples=an adult animal; a grown woman
10. sense_key=big%5:00:00:heavy:08 | definition=marked by intense physical force | examples=a big wind
11. sense_key=big%5:00:00:generous:02 | definition=generous and understanding and tolerant | synonyms=large, magnanimous | examples=a heart big enough to hold no grudges; that's very big of you to be so forgiving
12. sense_key=big%5:00:00:generous:01 | definition=given or giving freely | synonyms=bighearted, bounteous, bountiful, freehanded, handsome, giving | examples=was a big tipper; the bounteous goodness of God
13. sense_key=big%5:00:00:pregnant:00 | definition=in an advanced stage of pregnancy | synonyms=enceinte, expectant, gravid, great, large, heavy | examples=was big with child; was great with child

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
The context refers to "colon cancer, the second **biggest** cancer killer in the U.S. after lung cancer." Here, "biggest" is used to denote the highest rank or most significant in terms of mortality, i.e., the most lethal cancer after lung cancer. This aligns with the sense of "significant" or "most important" in a comparative context.

Therefore, the best sense is:

**sense_key=big%5:00:00:important:00**

Returning the required JSON format:

```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cancer
Target surface form: cancer
Context:
"It was extraordinarily satisfying, "says Dr. Knudson, now at Fox Chase Cancer Research Center in Philadelphia. "I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and set out to repeat the Cavenee experiment in cells from other cancers. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor. Dr. Vogelstein next turned his attention colon cancer, the second biggest <t>cancer</t> killer in the U.S. after lung cancer. He believed colon cancer might also arise from multiple "hits "on cancer suppressor genes, because it often seems to develop in stages.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: | definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream | synonyms=malignant neoplastic disease
2. sense_key=cancer%1:18:00:: | definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer | synonyms=Crab
3. sense_key=cancer%1:17:00:: | definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
4. sense_key=cancer%1:15:00:: | definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22 | synonyms=Cancer the Crab, Crab
5. sense_key=cancer%1:05:00:: | definition=type genus of the family Cancridae | synonyms=genus Cancer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
The context clearly refers to medical and biological discussions about "cancer" as a disease involving malignant growths and tumors, such as retinoblastoma, Wilm's tumor, and colon cancer. This aligns with the definition of "cancer" as a malignant neoplastic disease. The other senses relate to astrology or zoology, which are irrelevant here.

Therefore, the best indexed sense is:

```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: killer
Target surface form: killer
Context:
"It was extraordinarily satisfying, "says Dr. Knudson, now at Fox Chase Cancer Research Center in Philadelphia. "I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and set out to repeat the Cavenee experiment in cells from other cancers. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor. Dr. Vogelstein next turned his attention colon cancer, the second biggest cancer <t>killer</t> in the U.S. after lung cancer. He believed colon cancer might also arise from multiple "hits "on cancer suppressor genes, because it often seems to develop in stages.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=killer%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who causes the death of a person or animal | synonyms=slayer
2. sense_key=killer%1:26:00:: | definition=the causal agent resulting in death | synonyms=cause of death | examples=heart disease is the biggest killer in the United States
3. sense_key=killer%1:09:00:: | definition=a difficulty that is hard to deal with | examples=that exam was a real killer
4. sense_key=killer%1:05:00:: | definition=predatory black-and-white toothed whale with large dorsal fin; common in cold seas | synonyms=killer whale, orca, grampus, sea wolf, Orcinus orca

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
The context refers to "colon cancer, the second biggest cancer <t>killer</t> in the U.S. after lung cancer." Here, "killer" is used to denote the cause of death, specifically the leading cause of death among cancers. This aligns with the definition of "the causal agent resulting in death," which is captured by sense_key=killer%1:26:00:: and its synonym "cause of death." The other senses do not fit the context: sense 1 refers to a person who causes death, sense 2 is a more general cause of death but less specific to the epidemiological context, and sense 4 is unrelated to the topic of cancer. Therefore, the best indexed sense is sense 2.

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: u.s.
Target surface form: U.S.
Context:
"It was extraordinarily satisfying, "says Dr. Knudson, now at Fox Chase Cancer Research Center in Philadelphia. "I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and set out to repeat the Cavenee experiment in cells from other cancers. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor. Dr. Vogelstein next turned his attention colon cancer, the second biggest cancer killer in the <t>U.S.</t> after lung cancer. He believed colon cancer might also arise from multiple "hits "on cancer suppressor genes, because it often seems to develop in stages.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=u.s.%1:14:00:: | definition=the executive and legislative and judicial branches of the federal government of the United States | synonyms=United States government, United States, U.S. government
2. sense_key=us%1:15:00:: | definition=North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776 | synonyms=United States, United States of America, America, the States, USA

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
In the given context, the phrase "U.S." refers to a geographical region, specifically the country where colon cancer is the second biggest cancer killer after lung cancer. This aligns with the definition of "U.S." as a synonym for "United States" or "United States of America," referring to the North American republic containing 50 states. Therefore, the most appropriate sense is the one describing the country itself, not the federal government.

The best indexed sense is:

2. sense_key=us%1:15:00:: | definition=North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776 | synonyms=United States, United States of America, America, the States, USA

Thus, the correct sense index is 2.

{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: believe
Target surface form: believed
Context:
"I was convinced that what was true of retinoblastoma would be true for all cancers. "It was an audacious claim. But in Baltimore, Dr. Vogelstein, a young molecular biologist at Johns Hopkins Medical School, believed Dr. Knudson was right, and set out to repeat the Cavenee experiment in cells from other cancers. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor. Dr. Vogelstein next turned his attention colon cancer, the second biggest cancer killer in the U.S. after lung cancer. He <t>believed</t> colon cancer might also arise from multiple "hits "on cancer suppressor genes, because it often seems to develop in stages. It often is preceded by the development of polyps in the bowel, which in some cases become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages -- progressing from less severe to deadly -- as though a cascade of genetic damage might be occurring.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=believe%2:31:00:: | definition=accept as true; take to be true | examples=I believed his report; We didn't believe his stories from the War
2. sense_key=believe%2:31:04:: | definition=judge or regard; look upon; judge | synonyms=think, consider, conceive | examples=I think he is very smart; I believe her to be very smart
3. sense_key=believe%2:31:03:: | definition=be confident about something | synonyms=trust | examples=I believe that he will come back from the war
4. sense_key=believe%2:31:01:: | definition=follow a credo; have a faith; be a believer | examples=When you hear his sermons, you will be able to believe, too
5. sense_key=believe%2:31:02:: | definition=credit with veracity | examples=You cannot believe this man; Should we believe a publication like the National Enquirer?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
To determine the best sense for "believed" in the given context, we analyze the sentence:

> "He **believed** colon cancer might also arise from multiple 'hits' on cancer suppressor genes, because it often seems to develop in stages."

**Contextual Analysis:**
- The phrase "He believed" is used to express Dr. Vogelstein's confidence or conviction that colon cancer could arise from multiple genetic "hits."
- The context implies a strong personal conviction or trust in the idea, rather than merely considering or judging it as true.

**Synonym and Example Review:**
1. **Sense 1:** "accept as true; take to be true" (examples: I believed his report; We didn't believe his stories from the War)
   - This sense fits the idea of accepting something as true but does not capture the confidence or trust aspect emphasized in the context.

2. **Sense 2:** "judge or regard; look upon; judge" (synonyms: think, consider, conceive) (examples: I think he is very smart; I believe her to be very smart)
   - This sense is more about opinion or judgment, which is less aligned with the strong conviction implied.

3. **Sense 3:** "be confident about something" (synonyms: trust) (examples: I believe that he will come back from the war)
   - This sense directly matches the context, as it highlights Dr. Vogelstein's confidence or trust in the hypothesis about colon cancer.

4. **Sense 4:** "follow a credo; have a faith; be a believer" (examples: When you hear his sermons, you will be able to believe, too)
   - This sense is too broad and religious in nature, not fitting the scientific context.

5. **Sense 5:** "credit with veracity" (examples: You cannot believe this man; Should we believe a publication like the National Enquirer?)
   - This sense focuses on crediting something as truthful, which is less about personal confidence and more about general trustworthiness.

**Conclusion:**
The context emphasizes Dr. Vogelstein's personal confidence and trust in the hypothesis about colon cancer, aligning best with **Sense 3: "be confident about something"**.

Therefore, the best indexed sense is:

```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```