[User]
Which numbered sense of "pressure" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Fears about the impact of immigrants are based on the notion that they are liable to replace native workers, in particular unskilled ones, exerting downward <t>pressure</t> on wages.

Senses:
1. definition=the force applied to a unit area of surface; measured in pascals (SI unit) or in dynes (cgs unit) | examples=the compressed gas exerts an increased pressure
2. definition=a force that compels | examples=the public brought pressure to bear on the government
3. definition=the act of pressing; the exertion of pressure | examples=he gave the button a press
4. definition=the state of demanding notice or attention | examples=the insistence of their hunger
5. definition=the somatic sensation that results from applying force to an area of skin | examples=the sensitivity of his skin to pressure and temperature was normal
6. definition=an oppressive condition of physical or mental or social or economic distress
7. definition=the pressure exerted by the atmosphere

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the sentence:** "Fears about the impact of immigrants are based on the notion that they are liable to replace native workers, in particular unskilled ones, exerting downward <t>pressure</t> on wages."
2.  **Identify the target word:** "pressure."
3.  **Determine the context:** The pressure is "downward" and is exerted "on wages." This refers to an economic effect—a force or influence that pushes wages lower.
4.  **Evaluate the senses:**
    *   1. Force applied to a unit area (physical/scientific). (Incorrect - this is not a physical force on a surface.)
    *   2. A force that compels. (Correct - economic pressure is a compelling force that drives wages down.)
    *   3. The act of pressing (physical action). (Incorrect - this is abstract/economic, not a physical action.)
    *   4. The state of demanding notice or attention (insistence). (Incorrect - while related to influence, "downward pressure on wages" is specifically about a compelling force, not just demanding attention.)
    *   5. Somatic sensation (physical feeling). (Incorrect - this is an economic concept.)
    *   6. Oppressive condition (distress). (Incorrect - while economic distress can be related, "downward pressure on wages" is the mechanism/force, not the resulting state of distress.)
    *   7. Atmospheric pressure (specific physical force). (Incorrect - this is not related to the atmosphere.)
5.  **Select the best fit:** Sense 2 ("a force that compels") accurately captures the meaning of economic pressure.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[User]
Which numbered sense of "experience" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: But <t>experience</t> shows that in reality immigrants are much more complementary to, rather than replacements of, local labor, exercising trades in which there is a shortage of local labor.

Senses:
1. definition=the accumulation of knowledge or skill that results from direct participation in events or activities | examples=a man of experience
2. definition=the content of direct observation or participation in an event | examples=he had a religious experience
3. definition=an event as apprehended | examples=a surprising experience

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the request:** The user wants to identify which numbered sense of the word "experience" (<t>experience</t>) is used in the provided sentence. The output must be *only* the number.

2.  **Analyze the sentence:** "But <t>experience</t> shows that in reality immigrants are much more complementary to, rather than replacements of, local labor, exercising trades in which there is a shortage of local labor."

3.  **Analyze the context of "experience" in the sentence:** Here, "experience" is used as a noun meaning evidence, knowledge, or practical knowledge gained from observing or participating in events (in this case, observing the reality of labor markets). It is the basis for the conclusion ("shows that...").

4.  **Analyze the provided senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** definition=the accumulation of knowledge or skill that results from direct participation in events or activities | examples=a man of experience
    *   **Sense 2:** definition=the content of direct observation or participation in an event | examples=he had a religious experience
    *   **Sense 3:** definition=an event as apprehended | examples=a surprising experience

5.  **Match the context to the senses:**
    *   The sentence uses "experience" to mean accumulated knowledge/evidence derived from observation/participation (i.e., the knowledge gained from observing the labor market).
    *   Sense 1 ("the accumulation of knowledge or skill that results from direct participation in events or activities") fits this meaning perfectly. "Experience shows..." means "The knowledge gained from experience shows..."

6.  **Conclusion:** Sense 1 is the correct sense.

7.  **Format the output:** Return only the number.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[User]
Which numbered sense of "replacement" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: But experience shows that in reality immigrants are much more complementary to, rather than <t>replacements</t> of, local labor, exercising trades in which there is a shortage of local labor.

Senses:
1. definition=the act of furnishing an equivalent person or thing in the place of another | examples=replacing the star will not be easy
2. definition=someone who takes the place of another person
3. definition=an event in which one thing is substituted for another | examples=the replacement of lost blood by a transfusion of donor blood
4. definition=a person or thing that takes or can take the place of another
5. definition=filling again by supplying what has been used up
6. definition=a person who follows next in order | examples=he was President Lincoln's successor

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the request:** The user wants to identify which numbered sense of the word "replacements" (in the provided sentence) is being used. The output must be only the number.

2.  **Analyze the sentence:** "But experience shows that in reality immigrants are much more complementary to, rather than <t>replacements</t> of, local labor, exercising trades in which there is a shortage of local labor."

3.  **Analyze the context of "replacements":**
    *   The sentence compares immigrants to "local labor."
    *   The immigrants are described as "complementary to" local labor.
    *   The structure is "complementary to, rather than [X] of, local labor."
    *   If they were "replacements," it would mean they are substitutes for the local labor.
    *   The context suggests that the immigrants are *not* substitutes (replacements) but rather *additions* (complementary).

4.  **Evaluate the senses:**

    *   **1. definition=the act of furnishing an equivalent person or thing in the place of another | examples=replacing the star will not be easy** (This is the *act* or *process* of replacing.)
    *   **2. definition=someone who takes the place of another person** (This is a *person* who substitutes.)
    *   **3. definition=an event in which one thing is substituted for another | examples=the replacement of lost blood by a transfusion of donor blood** (This is the *event* or *process* of substitution.)
    *   **4. definition=a person or thing that takes or can take the place of another** (This is the *thing* or *entity* that serves as a substitute.)
    *   **5. definition=filling again by supplying what has been used up** (This relates to replenishment/restocking.)
    *   **6. definition=a person who follows next in order | examples=he was President Lincoln's successor** (This relates to succession.)

5.  **Match the sense to the usage:**
    *   In the sentence, "replacements" refers to the immigrants *as a category* or *as a type of entity* that could potentially take the place of local labor.
    *   They are being discussed as potential substitutes (things/people).
    *   Sense 4 ("a person or thing that takes or can take the place of another") perfectly describes the function of "replacements" in this context.

6.  **Final check:** If immigrants are "replacements," they are things/people that take the place of local labor. This matches Sense 4.

7.  **Formulate the output:** Return only the number 4.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "labor" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: But experience shows that in reality immigrants are much more complementary to, rather than replacements of, local <t>labor</t>, exercising trades in which there is a shortage of local labor.

Senses:
1. definition=a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages | examples=there is a shortage of skilled labor in this field
2. definition=productive work (especially physical work done for wages) | examples=his labor did not require a great deal of skill
3. definition=concluding state of pregnancy; from the onset of contractions to the birth of a child | examples=she was in labor for six hours
4. definition=an organized attempt by workers to improve their status by united action (particularly via labor unions) or the leaders of this movement
5. definition=a political party formed in Great Britain in 1900; characterized by the promotion of labor's interests and formerly the socialization of key industries
6. definition=the federal department responsible for promoting the working conditions of wage earners in the United States; created in 1913
7. definition=any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted | examples=he prepared for great undertakings

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the sentence:** "But experience shows that in reality immigrants are much more complementary to, rather than replacements of, local <t>labor</t>, exercising trades in which there is a shortage of local labor."
2.  **Identify the context of "labor":** The sentence discusses immigrants and their relationship to "local labor" in the context of "exercising trades" and "shortage of local labor."
3.  **Determine the meaning of "labor" in this context:** Here, "labor" refers to the work, the workforce, or the effort provided by the local population in specific trades.
4.  **Evaluate the provided senses:**

    *   1. definition=a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages | examples=there is a shortage of skilled labor in this field (This refers to the *people* or the *workforce*.)
    *   2. definition=productive work (especially physical work done for wages) | examples=his labor did not require a great deal of skill (This refers to the *activity* or the *effort*.)
    *   3. definition=concluding state of pregnancy... (Irrelevant.)
    *   4. definition=an organized attempt by workers to improve their status... (Refers to unions/movements, irrelevant.)
    *   5. definition=a political party formed in Great Britain... (Irrelevant.)
    *   6. definition=the federal department responsible for promoting the working conditions... (Irrelevant.)
    *   7. definition=any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted | examples=he prepared for great undertakings (This is a general definition of "work," but often less specific than 1 or 2.)

5.  **Compare the context to the best fit:**
    *   The phrase "shortage of local labor" strongly suggests a shortage of workers or the work itself.
    *   Sense 1 ("a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages") fits well, as "local labor" can refer to the local workforce.
    *   Sense 2 ("productive work (especially physical work done for wages)") also fits well, as "local labor" can refer to the work being done by the locals.

6.  **Refine the choice based on typical usage in economic/sociological texts:** When discussing "shortage of local labor" in relation to immigrants filling trades, the term often refers to the *supply of workers* (the workforce/social class) rather than just the abstract concept of the work itself. However, Sense 2 (productive work) is also a very strong candidate.

    *   Let's re-examine the relationship: Immigrants are complementary to local *labor*.
    *   If we use Sense 1 (the people/workforce), the sentence means immigrants complement the local workforce.
    *   If we use Sense 2 (the work/effort), the sentence means immigrants complement the local work/effort.

    *   In the context of "exercising trades in which there is a shortage of local labor," the shortage is usually a shortage of *people* to do the work. Therefore, Sense 1 (the social class/workforce) is the most precise fit for the intended meaning of "local labor" in this economic context.

7.  **Final Selection:** Sense 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "trade" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: But experience shows that in reality immigrants are much more complementary to, rather than replacements of, local labor, exercising <t>trades</t> in which there is a shortage of local labor.

Senses:
1. definition=the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services | examples=Venice was an important center of trade with the East
2. definition=the skilled practice of a practical occupation | examples=he learned his trade as an apprentice
3. definition=the business given to a commercial establishment by its customers | examples=even before noon there was a considerable patronage
4. definition=a particular instance of buying or selling | examples=it was a package deal
5. definition=people who perform a particular kind of skilled work | examples=he represented the craft of brewers
6. definition=steady winds blowing from east to west above and below the equator | examples=they rode the trade winds going west
7. definition=an equal exchange | examples=we had no money so we had to live by barter

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the sentence:** "But experience shows that in reality immigrants are much more complementary to, rather than replacements of, local labor, exercising <t>trades</t> in which there is a shortage of local labor."
2.  **Analyze the context of "trades":** The sentence discusses immigrants and local labor. The immigrants are "exercising trades" in areas where there is a "shortage of local labor."
3.  **Determine the meaning of "trades" in this context:** "Trades" refers to specific types of work or occupations that the immigrants are performing.
4.  **Evaluate the provided senses:**
    *   1. commercial exchange (buying/selling goods/services) - *Incorrect. The context is about performing work, not just exchanging goods.*
    *   2. the skilled practice of a practical occupation - *Matches the context. "Exercising trades" means performing specific skilled jobs.*
    *   3. the business given to a commercial establishment by its customers (patronage) - *Incorrect. This refers to customer support/business volume.*
    *   4. a particular instance of buying or selling - *Incorrect. This is too narrow and doesn't fit the idea of a profession.*
    *   5. people who perform a particular kind of skilled work - *This is a definition for "tradesmen" or "tradespeople," not the noun "trades" itself (the work/occupation). While related, Sense 2 is the direct definition of the *activity*.*
    *   6. steady winds (trade winds) - *Incorrect. This is a geographical/meteorological meaning.*
    *   7. an equal exchange (barter) - *Incorrect. This is a specific type of commercial exchange.*
5.  **Select the best fit:** Sense 2, "the skilled practice of a practical occupation," perfectly captures the meaning of immigrants performing specific jobs/occupations ("exercising trades").

6.  **Final check:** "Exercising trades" = "Exercising skilled occupations." This aligns with Sense 2.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "shortage" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: But experience shows that in reality immigrants are much more complementary to, rather than replacements of, local labor, exercising trades in which there is a <t>shortage</t> of local labor.

Senses:
1. definition=the property of being an amount by which something is less than expected or required | examples=new blood vessels bud out from the already dilated vascular bed to make up the nutritional deficit
2. definition=an acute insufficiency

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:** The user wants to identify which numbered sense of "shortage" is used in the provided sentence. The output must be *only* the number.

2.  **Analyze the Sentence:** "But experience shows that in reality immigrants are much more complementary to, rather than replacements of, local labor, exercising trades in which there is a <t>shortage</t> of local labor."

3.  **Analyze the Context of "shortage":** The word "shortage" refers to a lack of local labor in specific trades.

4.  **Analyze the Senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** definition=the property of being an amount by which something is less than expected or required | examples=new blood vessels bud out from the already dilated vascular bed to make up the nutritional deficit. (Focuses on a deficit relative to a need/expectation.)
    *   **Sense 2:** definition=an acute insufficiency. (Focuses on a severe or immediate lack.)

5.  **Compare Context to Senses:**
    *   The sentence states there is a "shortage of local labor." This means the required amount of labor is not available.
    *   Sense 1 ("less than expected or required") fits perfectly. The trades require labor, and the supply is less than the requirement.
    *   Sense 2 ("acute insufficiency") is possible, but Sense 1 is a broader and more precise fit for a general labor market deficit (a lack of supply relative to demand).

6.  **Conclusion:** Sense 1 is the most appropriate fit.

7.  **Format the Output:** Return only the number.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "labor" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: But experience shows that in reality immigrants are much more complementary to, rather than replacements of, local labor, exercising trades in which there is a shortage of local <t>labor</t>.

Senses:
1. definition=a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages | examples=there is a shortage of skilled labor in this field
2. definition=productive work (especially physical work done for wages) | examples=his labor did not require a great deal of skill
3. definition=concluding state of pregnancy; from the onset of contractions to the birth of a child | examples=she was in labor for six hours
4. definition=an organized attempt by workers to improve their status by united action (particularly via labor unions) or the leaders of this movement
5. definition=a political party formed in Great Britain in 1900; characterized by the promotion of labor's interests and formerly the socialization of key industries
6. definition=the federal department responsible for promoting the working conditions of wage earners in the United States; created in 1913
7. definition=any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted | examples=he prepared for great undertakings

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:** The word is "labor" (marked with `<t>labor</t>`). The sentence is: "But experience shows that in reality immigrants are much more complementary to, rather than replacements of, local labor, exercising trades in which there is a shortage of local <t>labor</t>."

2.  **Determine the meaning of "labor" in the context:** The phrase is "shortage of local labor." This refers to a lack of available workers or workforce in specific trades.

3.  **Evaluate the provided senses against the context:**

    *   **1. definition=a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages | examples=there is a shortage of skilled labor in this field**
        *   *Match?* Yes. "Shortage of local labor" refers to a shortage of workers (a social class/workforce). The example provided ("there is a shortage of skilled labor in this field") is a perfect match for the context.

    *   **2. definition=productive work (especially physical work done for wages) | examples=his labor did not require a great deal of skill**
        *   *Match?* Possible, but less precise. While "labor" can mean the work itself, the context "shortage of local labor" usually refers to the *people* (the workforce) needed to do the work, not the abstract work itself. Sense 1 is a much stronger fit for "shortage of X."

    *   **3. definition=concluding state of pregnancy...**
        *   *Match?* No. (Irrelevant medical context).

    *   **4. definition=an organized attempt by workers to improve their status... (labor unions)**
        *   *Match?* No. (Refers to the movement/union, not the workforce shortage).

    *   **5. definition=a political party formed in Great Britain in 1900...**
        *   *Match?* No. (Historical political entity).

    *   **6. definition=the federal department responsible for promoting the working conditions...**
        *   *Match?* No. (Specific US government agency).

    *   **7. definition=any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted | examples=he prepared for great undertakings**
        *   *Match?* Similar to Sense 2, this refers to the abstract work/task, not the shortage of workers.

4.  **Conclusion:** Sense 1, which defines "labor" as the social class/workforce, is the most accurate fit for "shortage of local labor."

5.  **Final Output Generation:** Return only the number. (1)


[User]
Which numbered sense of "sector" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Unskilled immigrants work in <t>sectors</t>, which do not attract local labor and the most highly skilled ones in dynamic sectors where training does is not linked to offers of employment.

Senses:
1. definition=a plane figure bounded by two radii and the included arc of a circle
2. definition=a social group that forms part of the society or the economy | examples=the public sector
3. definition=a particular aspect of life or activity | examples=he was helpless in an important sector of his life
4. definition=the minimum track length that can be assigned to store information; unless otherwise specified a sector of data consists of 512 bytes
5. definition=a portion of a military position
6. definition=measuring instrument consisting of two graduated arms hinged at one end

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the request:** The user wants to identify which numbered sense of the word "sectors" (marked with `<t>`) is used in the provided sentence. The output must be *only* the number.

2.  **Analyze the sentence:** "Unskilled immigrants work in <t>sectors</t>, which do not attract local labor and the most highly skilled ones in dynamic sectors where training does is not linked to offers of employment."

3.  **Determine the context of "sectors":**
    *   "Unskilled immigrants work in sectors..." (Refers to areas of work/industry).
    *   "...dynamic sectors where training does is not linked to offers of employment." (Refers to specific areas of the economy/industry).

4.  **Evaluate the senses provided:**
    *   1. a plane figure... (Geometric/Mathematical - Incorrect)
    *   2. a social group that forms part of the society or the economy | examples=the public sector (Relates to parts of society/economy - Plausible)
    *   3. a particular aspect of life or activity | examples=he was helpless in an important sector of his life (Relates to aspects of life - Plausible, but less specific to the economic context)
    *   4. the minimum track length... (Computing/Data storage - Incorrect)
    *   5. a portion of a military position (Military - Incorrect)
    *   6. measuring instrument... (Tool/Instrument - Incorrect)

5.  **Compare plausible senses (2 and 3) with the sentence context:**
    *   The sentence discusses labor, immigrants, local labor, training, and employment offers. This is clearly an economic/societal context.
    *   Sense 2 ("a social group that forms part of the society or the economy | examples=the public sector") perfectly fits the idea of different economic/industrial divisions (e.g., manufacturing sector, service sector, tech sector).
    *   Sense 3 ("a particular aspect of life or activity") is too general, although it could technically apply to "the education sector" as an aspect of life, Sense 2 is the more precise and standard definition used when discussing labor markets and economic divisions.

6.  **Conclusion:** Sense 2 is the correct fit.

7.  **Format the output:** Return only the number.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "labor" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Unskilled immigrants work in sectors, which do not attract local <t>labor</t> and the most highly skilled ones in dynamic sectors where training does is not linked to offers of employment.

Senses:
1. definition=a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages | examples=there is a shortage of skilled labor in this field
2. definition=productive work (especially physical work done for wages) | examples=his labor did not require a great deal of skill
3. definition=concluding state of pregnancy; from the onset of contractions to the birth of a child | examples=she was in labor for six hours
4. definition=an organized attempt by workers to improve their status by united action (particularly via labor unions) or the leaders of this movement
5. definition=a political party formed in Great Britain in 1900; characterized by the promotion of labor's interests and formerly the socialization of key industries
6. definition=the federal department responsible for promoting the working conditions of wage earners in the United States; created in 1913
7. definition=any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted | examples=he prepared for great undertakings

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the sentence:** "Unskilled immigrants work in sectors, which do not attract local <t>labor</t> and the most highly skilled ones in dynamic sectors where training does is not linked to offers of employment."
2.  **Identify the target word:** "labor."
3.  **Determine the context of "labor" in the sentence:** The sentence discusses sectors (industries/fields) that do not attract local *labor*. This refers to the workforce or the people who perform the work in those sectors.
4.  **Evaluate the provided senses against the context:**

    *   **1. definition=a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages | examples=there is a shortage of skilled labor in this field.** (Matches the idea of a workforce/group of workers.)
    *   **2. definition=productive work (especially physical work done for wages) | examples=his labor did not require a great deal of skill.** (Refers to the *act* of working, not the people/resource.)
    *   **3. definition=concluding state of pregnancy...** (Irrelevant.)
    *   **4. definition=an organized attempt by workers to improve their status...** (Refers to unions/movements, not the general workforce.)
    *   **5. definition=a political party formed in Great Britain in 1900...** (Irrelevant.)
    *   **6. definition=the federal department responsible for promoting the working conditions...** (Irrelevant.)
    *   **7. definition=any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted | examples=he prepared for great undertakings.** (Refers to a task/project, not the workforce.)

5.  **Select the best fit:** Sense 1 ("a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages") perfectly fits the context of "local labor" being attracted to a sector (meaning, the local workforce).

6.  **Final Answer Formulation:** Return only the number.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "one" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Unskilled immigrants work in sectors, which do not attract local labor and the most highly skilled <t>ones</t> in dynamic sectors where training does is not linked to offers of employment.

Senses:
1. definition=the smallest whole number or a numeral representing this number | examples=he has the one but will need a two and three to go with it
2. definition=a single person or thing | examples=he is the best one

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the request:** The user wants to identify which numbered sense of "one" (represented by `<t>ones</t>`) is used in the provided sentence. The output must be *only* the number.

2.  **Analyze the sentence:** "Unskilled immigrants work in sectors, which do not attract local labor and the most highly skilled <t>ones</t> in dynamic sectors where training does is not linked to offers of employment."

3.  **Analyze the target word:** `<t>ones</t>` is a pronoun replacing a previously mentioned noun (implied: "sectors" or perhaps "workers/labor," but contextually, it refers to the *sectors* or the *people* associated with the sectors, specifically the highly skilled people/sectors).

4.  **Analyze the context of `<t>ones</t>`:** It follows the phrase "the most highly skilled." It is used to refer back to a group of things/people that are being compared or categorized.

5.  **Analyze the senses provided:**
    *   Sense 1: definition=the smallest whole number or a numeral representing this number | examples=he has the one but will need a two and three to go with it (Numerical/Cardinal)
    *   Sense 2: definition=a single person or thing | examples=he is the best one (Singular/Representative)

6.  **Determine the correct sense:**
    *   Is `<t>ones</t>` being used as a numeral (Sense 1)? No. It is not counting or referring to the number 1.
    *   Is `<t>ones</t>` being used to represent a group or category (Sense 2)? Yes. It is standing in for "sectors" or "workers/labor" (the highly skilled ones), functioning as a representative pronoun.

7.  **Conclusion:** Sense 2 is the correct sense.

8.  **Format the output:** Return only the number.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "sector" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Unskilled immigrants work in sectors, which do not attract local labor and the most highly skilled ones in dynamic <t>sectors</t> where training does is not linked to offers of employment.

Senses:
1. definition=a plane figure bounded by two radii and the included arc of a circle
2. definition=a social group that forms part of the society or the economy | examples=the public sector
3. definition=a particular aspect of life or activity | examples=he was helpless in an important sector of his life
4. definition=the minimum track length that can be assigned to store information; unless otherwise specified a sector of data consists of 512 bytes
5. definition=a portion of a military position
6. definition=measuring instrument consisting of two graduated arms hinged at one end

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the sentence:** "Unskilled immigrants work in sectors, which do not attract local labor and the most highly skilled ones in dynamic <t>sectors</t> where training does is not linked to offers of employment."
2.  **Analyze the context of the target word (<t>sectors</t>):** The sentence discusses where people (immigrants, skilled workers) work, and how training relates to employment offers. This is clearly an economic or social context.
3.  **Evaluate the senses provided:**
    *   1. a plane figure... (Geometric) -> Incorrect.
    *   2. a social group that forms part of the society or the economy | examples=the public sector (Economic/Societal division) -> Highly relevant.
    *   3. a particular aspect of life or activity | examples=he was helpless in an important sector of his life (Abstract/Area of life) -> Plausible, but less specific than #2 in this economic context.
    *   4. the minimum track length... (Computing/Data storage) -> Incorrect.
    *   5. a portion of a military position (Military) -> Incorrect.
    *   6. measuring instrument... (Tool/Gauge) -> Incorrect.
4.  **Compare the best fits (2 and 3):**
    *   The sentence uses "sectors" in relation to "local labor," "highly skilled ones," "training," and "offers of employment." These are classic terms used when discussing economic divisions of labor or industry (e.g., primary sector, service sector, manufacturing sector).
    *   Sense 2 ("a social group that forms part of the society or the economy | examples=the public sector") perfectly matches this economic context.
    *   Sense 3 ("a particular aspect of life or activity") is too general; the context is specifically about economic activity and labor markets.
5.  **Conclusion:** Sense 2 is the correct fit.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "training" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Unskilled immigrants work in sectors, which do not attract local labor and the most highly skilled ones in dynamic sectors where <t>training</t> does is not linked to offers of employment.

Senses:
1. definition=activity leading to skilled behavior
2. definition=the result of good upbringing (especially knowledge of correct social behavior) | examples=a woman of breeding and refinement

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the request:** The user wants to identify which numbered sense of the word "training" (<t>training</t>) is used in the provided sentence. The output must be only the number.

2.  **Analyze the sentence:** "Unskilled immigrants work in sectors, which do not attract local labor and the most highly skilled ones in dynamic sectors where <t>training</t> does is not linked to offers of employment."

3.  **Analyze the context of "training":** The sentence discusses "highly skilled ones" and the relationship between "training" and "offers of employment" in "dynamic sectors." This implies that the training is a process or activity that develops skills necessary for employment.

4.  **Analyze the senses provided:**
    *   Sense 1: definition=activity leading to skilled behavior
    *   Sense 2: definition=the result of good upbringing (especially knowledge of correct social behavior) | examples=a woman of breeding and refinement

5.  **Match the context to the senses:**
    *   The context (skilled labor, dynamic sectors, employment) strongly suggests the development of professional or technical skills.
    *   Sense 1 ("activity leading to skilled behavior") perfectly matches this meaning.
    *   Sense 2 ("result of good upbringing/social behavior") is related to manners or social refinement, which is irrelevant to the economic context of skilled labor and employment.

6.  **Conclusion:** Sense 1 is the correct sense.

7.  **Format the output:** Return only the number.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "offer" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Unskilled immigrants work in sectors, which do not attract local labor and the most highly skilled ones in dynamic sectors where training does is not linked to <t>offers</t> of employment.

Senses:
1. definition=the verbal act of offering | examples=a generous offer of assistance
2. definition=something offered (as a proposal or bid) | examples=noteworthy new offerings for investors included several index funds
3. definition=a usually brief attempt | examples=he took a crack at it

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the request:** The user wants to identify which numbered sense of the word "offers" (marked with `<t>offers</t>`) is used in the provided sentence. The output must be only the number.

2.  **Analyze the sentence:** "Unskilled immigrants work in sectors, which do not attract local labor and the most highly skilled ones in dynamic sectors where training does is not linked to <t>offers</t> of employment."

3.  **Analyze the context of "offers":** The phrase is "offers of employment." Employment is a job or work. An "offer of employment" is a proposal or bid to give someone a job.

4.  **Analyze the senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** definition=the verbal act of offering | examples=a generous offer of assistance (Focuses on the *action* of offering.)
    *   **Sense 2:** definition=something offered (as a proposal or bid) | examples=noteworthy new offerings for investors included several index funds (Focuses on the *thing* that is offered, like a proposal or product.)
    *   **Sense 3:** definition=a usually brief attempt | examples=he took a crack at it (Focuses on a quick try.)

5.  **Match the context to the senses:**
    *   "Offers of employment" refers to the *thing* being presented to the worker (the job proposal/bid).
    *   This matches Sense 2: "something offered (as a proposal or bid)."

6.  **Conclusion:** The correct sense is 2.

7.  **Format the output:** Return only the number.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "employment" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Unskilled immigrants work in sectors, which do not attract local labor and the most highly skilled ones in dynamic sectors where training does is not linked to offers of <t>employment</t>.

Senses:
1. definition=the state of being employed or having a job | examples=they are looking for employment
2. definition=the occupation for which you are paid | examples=he is looking for employment
3. definition=the act of giving someone a job
4. definition=the act of using | examples=he warned against the use of narcotic drugs

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the request:** The user wants to identify which numbered sense of the word "employment" (marked with `<t>employment</t>`) is used in the provided sentence. The output must be *only* the number.

2.  **Analyze the sentence:** "Unskilled immigrants work in sectors, which do not attract local labor and the most highly skilled ones in dynamic sectors where training does is not linked to offers of <t>employment</t>."

3.  **Analyze the context of "offers of employment":**
    *   The sentence discusses sectors, labor (unskilled/highly skilled), and training.
    *   The phrase "offers of employment" refers to opportunities or positions available to workers.
    *   It is about the *availability* of jobs/positions.

4.  **Evaluate the senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** definition=the state of being employed or having a job | examples=they are looking for employment. (This refers to the *state* or *opportunity* of having a job.)
    *   **Sense 2:** definition=the occupation for which you are paid | examples=he is looking for employment. (This refers to a specific *type* of job/occupation.)
    *   **Sense 3:** definition=the act of giving someone a job. (This is the *action* of hiring.)
    *   **Sense 4:** definition=the act of using. (This is completely irrelevant to the context.)

5.  **Determine the best fit:**
    *   "Offers of employment" refers to the availability of jobs/positions.
    *   Sense 1 ("the state of being employed or having a job") captures the general concept of the opportunity or status of having a job, which is what an "offer" provides.
    *   Sense 2 ("the occupation for which you are paid") is too specific; "employment" here is broader than just a single defined occupation.

6.  **Conclusion:** Sense 1 is the most appropriate fit for "offers of employment" in this context.

7.  **Final Output Generation:** Return only the number 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "effect" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: A positive <t>effect</t> on wages

Senses:
1. definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | examples=the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise
2. definition=an outward appearance | examples=he made a good impression
3. definition=an impression (especially one that is artificial or contrived) | examples=he just did it for effect
4. definition=the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work
5. definition=(of a law) having legal validity | examples=the law is still in effect
6. definition=a symptom caused by an illness or a drug | examples=the effects of sleep loss

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:** The word is "effect," and the context is "A positive <t>effect</t> on wages."
2.  **Determine the meaning of "effect" in this context:** "Effect on wages" means a change, influence, or result that wages experience because of something else (e.g., a new policy, economic trend).
3.  **Evaluate the provided senses:**
    *   1. definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | examples=the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise. (This matches the idea of a result or consequence caused by a previous action/phenomenon.)
    *   2. definition=an outward appearance | examples=he made a good impression. (Incorrect. Wages are not an "appearance.")
    *   3. definition=an impression (especially one that is artificial or contrived) | examples=he just did it for effect. (Incorrect. This relates to style/appearance.)
    *   4. definition=the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work. (Incorrect. This relates to literature.)
    *   5. definition=(of a law) having legal validity | examples=the law is still in effect. (Incorrect. This is the usage of "in effect," not "effect on wages.")
    *   6. definition=a symptom caused by an illness or a drug | examples=the effects of sleep loss. (Possible, but too narrow. While an economic change is a "result," sense 1 is broader and more accurate for general causality.)
4.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 6:**
    *   Sense 6 focuses specifically on biological/medical symptoms.
    *   Sense 1 focuses on general causality ("a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon").
    *   "A positive effect on wages" is a general causal relationship (Cause -> Effect). Sense 1 is the best fit.
5.  **Conclusion:** Sense 1 is the correct meaning.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "way" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In the same <t>way</t> as a surgeon would find it difficult to work in a country with a shortage of anaesthetists, the complementarities existing between locals and immigrants bring it about that the arrival of immigrants has a positive effect on the pay of locals.

Senses:
1. definition=how something is done or how it happens | examples=her dignified manner
2. definition=how a result is obtained or an end is achieved | examples=a means of control
3. definition=a line leading to a place or point | examples=he looked the other direction
4. definition=the condition of things generally | examples=that's the way it is
5. definition=a course of conduct | examples=the path of virtue
6. definition=any artifact consisting of a road or path affording passage from one place to another | examples=he said he was looking for the way out
7. definition=a journey or passage | examples=they are on the way
8. definition=space for movement | examples=room to pass
9. definition=the property of distance in general | examples=it's a long way to Moscow
10. definition=doing as one pleases or chooses | examples=if I had my way
11. definition=a general category of things; used in the expression `in the way of' | examples=they didn't have much in the way of clothing
12. definition=a portion of something divided into shares | examples=they split the loot three ways

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the sentence:** "In the same <t>way</t> as a surgeon would find it difficult to work in a country with a shortage of anaesthetists, the complementarities existing between locals and immigrants bring it about that the arrival of immigrants has a positive effect on the pay of locals."

2.  **Identify the target word and phrase:** "In the same way as..."

3.  **Determine the meaning of "in the same way as":** This phrase means "in the same manner," "in the same fashion," or "by the same method/process." It describes *how* something happens or *how* a situation is structured.

4.  **Examine the provided senses:**

    *   1. definition=how something is done or how it happens | examples=her dignified manner (Matches the meaning of manner/method.)
    *   2. definition=how a result is obtained or an end is achieved | examples=a means of control (Focuses on the *means* to an end, which is related but less precise than 'manner'.)
    *   3. definition=a line leading to a place or point | (Physical path - Incorrect.)
    *   4. definition=the condition of things generally | examples=that's the way it is (Refers to general state/condition - Incorrect.)
    *   5. definition=a course of conduct | examples=the path of virtue (Focuses on moral/behavioral path - Too narrow.)
    *   6. definition=any artifact consisting of a road or path affording passage from one place to another | (Physical road - Incorrect.)
    *   7. definition=a journey or passage | (Movement - Incorrect.)
    *   8. definition=space for movement | (Physical space - Incorrect.)
    *   9. definition=the property of distance in general | (Measurement - Incorrect.)
    *   10. definition=doing as one pleases or chooses | (Personal choice - Incorrect.)
    *   11. definition=a general category of things; used in the expression `in the way of' | (Category/collection - Incorrect.)
    *   12. definition=a portion of something divided into shares | (Division/share - Incorrect.)

5.  **Match the meaning to the best sense:** The phrase "in the same way as" clearly refers to the manner or method of occurrence. Sense 1 ("how something is done or how it happens") is the perfect match.

6.  **Final check:** "In the same way as..." means "in the same manner/method." Sense 1 covers "how something is done or how it happens."

7.  **Select the number:** 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "country" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In the same way as a surgeon would find it difficult to work in a <t>country</t> with a shortage of anaesthetists, the complementarities existing between locals and immigrants bring it about that the arrival of immigrants has a positive effect on the pay of locals.

Senses:
1. definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | examples=the state has elected a new president
2. definition=the territory occupied by a nation | examples=he returned to the land of his birth
3. definition=the people who live in a nation or country | examples=a statement that sums up the nation's mood
4. definition=an area outside of cities and towns | examples=his poetry celebrated the slower pace of life in the country
5. definition=a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography) | examples=it was a mountainous area

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the sentence:** "In the same way as a surgeon would find it difficult to work in a <t>country</t> with a shortage of anaesthetists, the complementarities existing between locals and immigrants bring it about that the arrival of immigrants has a positive effect on the pay of locals."

2.  **Identify the target word and context:** The target word is "country." The context is "a country with a shortage of anaesthetists."

3.  **Determine the meaning of "country" in this context:** A shortage of anaesthetists (medical professionals) is a resource/staffing issue within a defined administrative or geographical area where the surgeon works. This refers to the political/administrative entity or the territory/region where the healthcare system operates.

4.  **Evaluate the provided senses:**

    *   **1. definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | examples=the state has elected a new president:** This fits the idea of a political entity where a government manages resources (like healthcare staff).
    *   **2. definition=the territory occupied by a nation | examples=he returned to the land of his birth:** This is a strong candidate, referring to the physical area where the shortage exists.
    *   **3. definition=the people who live in a nation or country | examples=a statement that sums up the nation's mood:** This refers to inhabitants, not the place/system itself. (Incorrect)
    *   **4. definition=an area outside of cities and towns | examples=his poetry celebrated the slower pace of life in the country:** This refers to rural areas. (Incorrect)
    *   **5. definition=a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography) | examples=it was a mountainous area:** This is too vague and doesn't capture the political/administrative nature implied by "shortage of anaesthetists."

5.  **Compare Senses 1 and 2:**
    *   The phrase "shortage of anaesthetists" relates to the functioning of a national or governmental healthcare system.
    *   Sense 1 (politically organized body) is the most precise fit because the shortage is a systemic, governmental/administrative problem.
    *   Sense 2 (territory occupied by a nation) is also plausible, but Sense 1 captures the *reason* the shortage is relevant (the structure of the governing body/state).

6.  **Conclusion:** The context strongly suggests the political/administrative entity (the nation/state) where the healthcare system operates. Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "shortage" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In the same way as a surgeon would find it difficult to work in a country with a <t>shortage</t> of anaesthetists, the complementarities existing between locals and immigrants bring it about that the arrival of immigrants has a positive effect on the pay of locals.

Senses:
1. definition=the property of being an amount by which something is less than expected or required | examples=new blood vessels bud out from the already dilated vascular bed to make up the nutritional deficit
2. definition=an acute insufficiency

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:** The user wants to identify which numbered sense of "shortage" (Sense 1 or Sense 2) is used in the provided sentence. The output must be *only* the number.

2.  **Analyze the Sentence:** "In the same way as a surgeon would find it difficult to work in a country with a <t>shortage</t> of anaesthetists, the complementarities existing between locals and immigrants bring it about that the arrival of immigrants has a positive effect on the pay of locals."

3.  **Analyze the Context of "shortage":** The word "shortage" modifies "anaesthetists." The context is a lack of medical professionals (anaesthetists) in a country, making it difficult for a surgeon to work.

4.  **Analyze the Senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** definition=the property of being an amount by which something is less than expected or required | examples=new blood vessels bud out from the already dilated vascular bed to make up the nutritional deficit. (Focuses on a deficit relative to a need/expectation.)
    *   **Sense 2:** definition=an acute insufficiency. (Focuses on a severe, immediate lack.)

5.  **Match Context to Sense:**
    *   A lack of anaesthetists in a country is a clear case of insufficient personnel relative to the required number for the healthcare system to function properly.
    *   Sense 1 ("less than expected or required") fits perfectly. The country requires a certain number of anaesthetists, and the current number is less than that requirement.
    *   Sense 2 ("acute insufficiency") is also plausible, but Sense 1 is a more precise fit for describing a systemic lack of resources/personnel relative to a need.

6.  **Conclusion:** Sense 1 is the correct usage.

7.  **Format the Output:** Return only the number.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "complementarity" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In the same way as a surgeon would find it difficult to work in a country with a shortage of anaesthetists, the <t>complementarities</t> existing between locals and immigrants bring it about that the arrival of immigrants has a positive effect on the pay of locals.

Senses:
1. definition=a relation between two opposite states or principles that together exhaust the possibilities
2. definition=the interrelation of reciprocity whereby one thing supplements or depends on the other | examples=the complementarity of the sexes

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the request:** The user wants to identify which numbered sense of "complementarity" is used in the provided sentence. The output must be only the number.

2.  **Analyze the sentence:** "In the same way as a surgeon would find it difficult to work in a country with a shortage of anaesthetists, the <t>complementarities</t> existing between locals and immigrants bring it about that the arrival of immigrants has a positive effect on the pay of locals."

3.  **Analyze the context of "complementarities":**
    *   The context is the relationship between "locals and immigrants."
    *   The result of this relationship is a "positive effect on the pay of locals."
    *   This suggests that the two groups (locals and immigrants) are filling gaps or enhancing each other's situation, leading to a positive outcome (higher pay).

4.  **Analyze the senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** "a relation between two opposite states or principles that together exhaust the possibilities." (This implies opposition/duality, like light/dark, good/evil, or thesis/antithesis).
    *   **Sense 2:** "the interrelation of reciprocity whereby one thing supplements or depends on the other | examples=the complementarity of the sexes." (This implies mutual support, filling needs, or enhancing each other).

5.  **Match the context to the senses:**
    *   The relationship between locals and immigrants, leading to a positive economic effect (supplementing the labor market, filling skill gaps, etc.), fits the idea of mutual support and enhancement.
    *   This aligns perfectly with Sense 2 ("one thing supplements or depends on the other").
    *   It does *not* align with Sense 1 (opposition/exhausting possibilities).

6.  **Conclusion:** Sense 2 is the correct sense.

7.  **Format the output:** Return only the number.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "arrival" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In the same way as a surgeon would find it difficult to work in a country with a shortage of anaesthetists, the complementarities existing between locals and immigrants bring it about that the <t>arrival</t> of immigrants has a positive effect on the pay of locals.

Senses:
1. definition=accomplishment of an objective
2. definition=the act of arriving at a certain place | examples=they awaited her arrival
3. definition=someone who arrives (or has arrived)

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the request:** The user wants to identify which numbered sense of the word "arrival" (marked with `<t>`) is used in the provided sentence. The output must be *only* the number.

2.  **Analyze the sentence:** "In the same way as a surgeon would find it difficult to work in a country with a shortage of anaesthetists, the complementarities existing between locals and immigrants bring it about that the <t>arrival</t> of immigrants has a positive effect on the pay of locals."

3.  **Analyze the context of "arrival":** The phrase is "the arrival of immigrants." This refers to the event or process of immigrants coming to the country.

4.  **Analyze the senses:**
    *   1. definition=accomplishment of an objective (e.g., the arrival of peace/a solution).
    *   2. definition=the act of arriving at a certain place | examples=they awaited her arrival (Focuses on the physical or temporal event of reaching a destination).
    *   3. definition=someone who arrives (or has arrived) (A person/entity, not the event itself).

5.  **Match the context to the senses:**
    *   "The arrival of immigrants" refers to the event of immigrants coming to the country.
    *   This matches Sense 2: "the act of arriving at a certain place."

6.  **Determine the final answer:** The correct sense is 2.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "effect" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In the same way as a surgeon would find it difficult to work in a country with a shortage of anaesthetists, the complementarities existing between locals and immigrants bring it about that the arrival of immigrants has a positive <t>effect</t> on the pay of locals.

Senses:
1. definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | examples=the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise
2. definition=an outward appearance | examples=he made a good impression
3. definition=an impression (especially one that is artificial or contrived) | examples=he just did it for effect
4. definition=the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work
5. definition=(of a law) having legal validity | examples=the law is still in effect
6. definition=a symptom caused by an illness or a drug | examples=the effects of sleep loss

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the sentence:** "In the same way as a surgeon would find it difficult to work in a country with a shortage of anaesthetists, the complementarities existing between locals and immigrants bring it about that the arrival of immigrants has a positive <t>effect</t> on the pay of locals."

2.  **Identify the target word:** "effect."

3.  **Determine the context:** The sentence discusses how the arrival of immigrants (a cause/action) influences or changes the pay of locals (the result). The phrase "has a positive effect on..." indicates a consequence or outcome.

4.  **Evaluate the senses:**

    *   **1. definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | examples=the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise**
        *   *Match?* Yes. The arrival of immigrants (cause) leads to a positive change in pay (effect/phenomenon that follows). This fits the definition perfectly.

    *   **2. definition=an outward appearance | examples=he made a good impression**
        *   *Match?* No. The sentence is about a measurable outcome (change in pay), not just appearance.

    *   **3. definition=an impression (especially one that is artificial or contrived) | examples=he just did it for effect**
        *   *Match?* No. This relates to style or dramatic presentation, not economic consequence.

    *   **4. definition=the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work**
        *   *Match?* No. This relates to literature/rhetoric.

    *   **5. definition=(of a law) having legal validity | examples=the law is still in effect**
        *   *Match?* No. This relates to legal status.

    *   **6. definition=a symptom caused by an illness or a drug | examples=the effects of sleep loss**
        *   *Match?* No. While this is a type of consequence, the context here is economic/social, not medical.

5.  **Conclusion:** Sense 1 is the correct fit.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "rise" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Giovanni Peri has calculated that a <t>rise</t> of 1% in the migratory flow causes an increase of between 0,6 and 0,9% in real long-term pay.

Senses:
1. definition=a growth in strength or number or importance
2. definition=the act of changing location in an upward direction
3. definition=an upward slope or grade (as in a road) | examples=the car couldn't make it up the rise
4. definition=a movement upward | examples=they cheered the rise of the hot-air balloon
5. definition=the amount a salary is increased | examples=he got a 3% raise
6. definition=the property possessed by a slope or surface that rises
7. definition=a wave that lifts the surface of the water or ground
8. definition=(theology) the origination of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost | examples=the emanation of the Holy Spirit
9. definition=an increase in cost | examples=they asked for a 10% rise in rates
10. definition=increase in price or value | examples=the news caused a general advance on the stock market

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the sentence:** "Giovanni Peri has calculated that a <t>rise</t> of 1% in the migratory flow causes an increase of between 0,6 and 0,9% in real long-term pay."
2.  **Identify the context of "rise":** The word "rise" is used in the context of percentages (1% in migratory flow, 0.6-0.9% in pay). It refers to an increase or growth in quantity/value.
3.  **Examine the senses provided:**
    *   1. definition=a growth in strength or number or importance (Fits the context of a percentage increase in flow/pay.)
    *   2. definition=the act of changing location in an upward direction (Physical movement, not applicable.)
    *   3. definition=an upward slope or grade (Physical geography, not applicable.)
    *   4. definition=a movement upward (Physical movement, not applicable.)
    *   5. definition=the amount a salary is increased (Specific to salary, but the sentence is about flow and pay, making it a general increase/growth.)
    *   6. definition=the property possessed by a slope or surface that rises (Adjective/property, not the noun used here.)
    *   7. definition=a wave that lifts the surface of the water or ground (Geological/oceanographic, not applicable.)
    *   8. definition=(theology) the origination of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost (Theological, not applicable.)
    *   9. definition=an increase in cost (Focuses on cost/rates, not general flow/pay increase.)
    *   10. definition=increase in price or value (Fits the context of a percentage increase in value/flow.)
4.  **Compare the best fits (1, 5, 10):**
    *   The sentence uses "rise" to describe an increase in *migratory flow* (a number/quantity) and subsequently an increase in *pay* (a value).
    *   Sense 1: "a growth in strength or number or importance." This is the most general and accurate fit for a percentage increase in flow or value.
    *   Sense 5: "the amount a salary is increased." Too narrow (only salary).
    *   Sense 10: "increase in price or value." This is also very strong, especially regarding the "pay" part, but Sense 1 covers both "flow" (number) and "pay" (value).

5.  **Select the most encompassing and accurate sense:** Sense 1 ("a growth in strength or number or importance") perfectly covers the concept of a percentage increase in a quantity (flow) or a value (pay).

6.  **Final check:** The rise of 1% in flow is a growth in number. The resulting increase in pay is a growth in value/importance. Sense 1 is the best match.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "flow" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Giovanni Peri has calculated that a rise of 1% in the migratory <t>flow</t> causes an increase of between 0,6 and 0,9% in real long-term pay.

Senses:
1. definition=the motion characteristic of fluids (liquids or gases)
2. definition=the amount of fluid that flows in a given time
3. definition=the act of flowing or streaming; continuous progression
4. definition=any uninterrupted stream or discharge
5. definition=something that resembles a flowing stream in moving continuously | examples=a stream of people emptied from the terminal
6. definition=dominant course (suggestive of running water) of successive events or ideas | examples=two streams of development run through American history
7. definition=the monthly discharge of blood from the uterus of nonpregnant women from puberty to menopause; ; --Hippocrates; --Aristotle | examples=the women were sickly and subject to excessive menstruation

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the sentence:** "Giovanni Peri has calculated that a rise of 1% in the migratory <t>flow</t> causes an increase of between 0,6 and 0,9% in real long-term pay."
2.  **Identify the context of "flow":** The word "flow" is modifying "migratory" and is being measured as a percentage (1%). The context is related to migration and economic/demographic data (pay increase).
3.  **Determine the meaning of "flow" in this context:** "Migratory flow" refers to the movement or quantity of people migrating. Since it is quantified as a percentage rise, it refers to the volume or rate of movement.
4.  **Evaluate the senses:**
    *   1. motion characteristic of fluids (liquids or gases) -> Incorrect (not about liquids/gases).
    *   2. the amount of fluid that flows in a given time -> Plausible, but usually applied to physical fluids. However, "flow" in data/migration often means the rate/amount.
    *   3. the act of flowing or streaming; continuous progression -> Too general, doesn't capture the quantitative nature implied by "1% rise."
    *   4. any uninterrupted stream or discharge -> Too general.
    *   5. something that resembles a flowing stream in moving continuously | examples=a stream of people emptied from the terminal -> This fits the idea of a stream of people (migrants).
    *   6. dominant course (suggestive of running water) of successive events or ideas | examples=two streams of development run through American history -> Incorrect (not about development/ideas).
    *   7. monthly discharge of blood... -> Incorrect (medical context).
5.  **Refine the choice between 2 and 5:**
    *   Sense 2 focuses on *fluid* amount.
    *   Sense 5 focuses on a *stream of people* (a metaphorical flow).
    *   In demographic/economic contexts, "flow" (e.g., labor flow, migration flow) refers to the *rate* or *volume* of movement. Sense 5 captures the metaphorical nature ("stream of people"), while Sense 2 captures the quantitative nature ("amount... in a given time").
    *   Since the sentence is about *migratory* flow, it is a stream of people. Sense 5 is the most precise fit for the metaphorical use of "flow" when referring to people/data streams.

6.  **Final check:** "Migratory flow" = a stream of migrating people. This matches Sense 5.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "increase" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Giovanni Peri has calculated that a rise of 1% in the migratory flow causes an <t>increase</t> of between 0,6 and 0,9% in real long-term pay.

Senses:
1. definition=a quantity that is added | examples=there was an addition to property taxes this year
2. definition=a change resulting in an increase | examples=the increase is scheduled for next month
3. definition=a process of becoming larger or longer or more numerous or more important | examples=the increase in unemployment
4. definition=the amount by which something increases | examples=they proposed an increase of 15 percent in the fare
5. definition=the act of increasing something | examples=he gave me an increase in salary

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the request:** The user wants to identify which numbered sense of the word "increase" is used in the provided sentence. The output must be only the number.

2.  **Analyze the sentence:** "Giovanni Peri has calculated that a rise of 1% in the migratory flow causes an <t>increase</t> of between 0,6 and 0,9% in real long-term pay."

3.  **Analyze the context of "increase" in the sentence:**
    *   The sentence describes a *result* or *effect* ("causes an increase").
    *   This increase is quantified ("of between 0,6 and 0,9%").
    *   It is the *change* in the pay rate caused by the rise in migratory flow.

4.  **Evaluate the senses:**

    *   **1. definition=a quantity that is added | examples=there was an addition to property taxes this year** (Focuses on the *addition* itself, often used for discrete items/amounts added.)
    *   **2. definition=a change resulting in an increase | examples=the increase is scheduled for next month** (Focuses on the *event* or *state* of having changed/increased. This fits well with "causes an increase.")
    *   **3. definition=a process of becoming larger or longer or more numerous or more important | examples=the increase in unemployment** (Focuses on the *process* or *trend* over time, e.g., "the increase in unemployment.")
    *   **4. definition=the amount by which something increases | examples=they proposed an increase of 15 percent in the fare** (Focuses specifically on the *magnitude* or *amount* of the change. The phrase "an increase of between 0,6 and 0,9%" strongly aligns with this definition.)
    *   **5. definition=the act of increasing something | examples=he gave me an increase in salary** (Focuses on the *action* taken by an agent, e.g., "the act of raising the salary.")

5.  **Compare the best fits (2 and 4):**
    *   The sentence is: "...causes an increase *of between 0,6 and 0,9%*..."
    *   Sense 2: "a change resulting in an increase." (True, but less specific.)
    *   Sense 4: "the amount by which something increases." (Perfectly matches the structure "an increase *of [amount]*.")

6.  **Conclusion:** Sense 4 is the most precise fit because the noun "increase" is immediately followed by a specific quantified amount ("of between 0,6 and 0,9%").

7.  **Final check:** The sentence describes the *magnitude* of the change in pay. This is the definition of Sense 4.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "fact" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: And does so without taking into account the <t>fact</t> that the diversity contributed by immigrants contributes to the creation of ideas and to economic growth (a large proportion of naturalised immigrants are among American Nobel prize winners, whilst Google, Intel, Paypal, eBay and Yahoo were all founded by immigrants).

Senses:
1. definition=a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred | examples=first you must collect all the facts of the case
2. definition=a statement or assertion of verified information about something that is the case or has happened | examples=he supported his argument with an impressive array of facts
3. definition=an event known to have happened or something known to have existed | examples=your fears have no basis in fact
4. definition=a concept whose truth can be proved | examples=scientific hypotheses are not facts

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:** The user wants to identify which numbered sense of the word "fact" (marked with `<t>fact</t>`) is used in the provided sentence. The output must be *only* the number.

2.  **Analyze the Sentence:** "And does so without taking into account the <t>fact</t> that the diversity contributed by immigrants contributes to the creation of ideas and to economic growth (a large proportion of naturalised immigrants are among American Nobel prize winners, whilst Google, Intel, Paypal, eBay and Yahoo were all founded by immigrants)."

3.  **Determine the Function of "fact" in the Sentence:**
    *   The phrase "the fact that..." introduces a clause ("the diversity contributed by immigrants contributes to the creation of ideas and to economic growth...").
    *   This clause is presented as a piece of information or a reality that the subject is ignoring.
    *   The supporting examples (Nobel winners, tech company founders) are used to *support* the truth of this statement.

4.  **Evaluate the Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** definition=a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred | examples=first you must collect all the facts of the case.
        *   *Fit:* This sense relates to raw data or pieces of information. The sentence is presenting a *statement* (a claim about diversity/growth) that is supported by evidence, not just a collection of raw data points.

    *   **Sense 2:** definition=a statement or assertion of verified information about something that is the case or has happened | examples=he supported his argument with an impressive array of facts.
        *   *Fit:* The sentence uses "fact" to introduce a *statement* ("the diversity contributed by immigrants contributes to the creation of ideas and to economic growth"). This statement is presented as a verified assertion, which is then backed up by evidence (the examples). This is a very strong match.

    *   **Sense 3:** definition=an event known to have happened or something known to have existed | examples=your fears have no basis in fact.
        *   *Fit:* This sense often refers to a specific, established reality or event (e.g., "It is a fact that the sun rises in the east"). While the statement *is* a reality, Sense 2 better captures the grammatical function of "the fact that [clause]" when that clause is being used as the subject/object of a larger action (i.e., "taking into account the fact").

    *   **Sense 4:** definition=a concept whose truth can be proved | examples=scientific hypotheses are not facts.
        *   *Fit:* This is too abstract and philosophical. The usage here is concrete and informational.

5.  **Conclusion:** The usage "the fact that [clause]" functions as an assertion or statement of reality, which aligns perfectly with Sense 2.

6.  **Final Output Generation:** Return only the number. (2)


[User]
Which numbered sense of "diversity" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: And does so without taking into account the fact that the <t>diversity</t> contributed by immigrants contributes to the creation of ideas and to economic growth (a large proportion of naturalised immigrants are among American Nobel prize winners, whilst Google, Intel, Paypal, eBay and Yahoo were all founded by immigrants).

Senses:
1. definition=noticeable heterogeneity | examples=a diversity of possibilities
2. definition=the condition or result of being changeable

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the request:** The user wants to identify which numbered sense of "diversity" is used in the provided sentence. The output must be only the number.

2.  **Analyze the sentence:** "And does so without taking into account the fact that the <t>diversity</t> contributed by immigrants contributes to the creation of ideas and to economic growth (a large proportion of naturalised immigrants are among American Nobel prize winners, whilst Google, Intel, Paypal, eBay and Yahoo were all founded by immigrants)."

3.  **Analyze the context of "diversity":**
    *   The context is "diversity contributed by immigrants."
    *   The result of this diversity is "creation of ideas and to economic growth."
    *   The examples provided (Nobel winners, founders of major tech companies) illustrate varied backgrounds, perspectives, and skills brought by immigrants.

4.  **Analyze the senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** definition=noticeable heterogeneity | examples=a diversity of possibilities. (Heterogeneity means variety/difference.)
    *   **Sense 2:** definition=the condition or result of being changeable. (This relates to variability or flux, not necessarily the variety of groups/ideas.)

5.  **Match the context to the senses:**
    *   The "diversity contributed by immigrants" refers to the variety of cultures, backgrounds, perspectives, and skills they bring. This is a clear example of *noticeable heterogeneity*.
    *   Sense 1 fits perfectly.

6.  **Formulate the final answer:** The correct sense is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "creation" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: And does so without taking into account the fact that the diversity contributed by immigrants contributes to the <t>creation</t> of ideas and to economic growth (a large proportion of naturalised immigrants are among American Nobel prize winners, whilst Google, Intel, Paypal, eBay and Yahoo were all founded by immigrants).

Senses:
1. definition=the human act of creating
2. definition=an artifact that has been brought into existence by someone
3. definition=the event that occurred at the beginning of something | examples=from its creation the plan was doomed to failure
4. definition=the act of starting something for the first time; introducing something new | examples=she looked forward to her initiation as an adult
5. definition=(theology) God's act of bringing the universe into existence
6. definition=everything that exists anywhere | examples=they study the evolution of the universe

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the request:** The user wants to identify which numbered sense of the word "creation" is used in the provided sentence. The output must be *only* the number.

2.  **Analyze the sentence:** "And does so without taking into account the fact that the diversity contributed by immigrants contributes to the <t>creation</t> of ideas and to economic growth..."

3.  **Analyze the context of "creation":**
    *   It is linked to "ideas" and "economic growth."
    *   The subject is "diversity contributed by immigrants."
    *   The meaning must relate to the *generation*, *development*, or *emergence* of new things (ideas, growth).

4.  **Evaluate the senses:**

    *   **1. definition=the human act of creating:** While ideas and economic growth are human products, this sense usually implies a specific, deliberate *act* (e.g., "the creation of a sculpture"). Here, it's more about the *result* or the *process* of emergence.
    *   **2. definition=an artifact that has been brought into existence by someone:** This refers to a finished object (e.g., "a new creation"). Ideas and growth are processes/concepts, not typically singular artifacts in this sense.
    *   **3. definition=the event that occurred at the beginning of something | examples=from its creation the plan was doomed to failure:** This refers to a starting point or origin (e.g., "the creation of the company"). This doesn't fit the context of generating *new* ideas/growth.
    *   **4. definition=the act of starting something for the first time; introducing something new | examples=she looked forward to her initiation as an adult:** This sense focuses on novelty and introduction. Generating new ideas and fostering economic growth fits the idea of introducing or starting something new.
    *   **5. definition=(theology) God's act of bringing the universe into existence:** Clearly irrelevant (theological context).
    *   **6. definition=everything that exists anywhere | examples=they study the evolution of the universe:** This is "the created world" or "existence" itself, not the *process* of generating new ideas.

5.  **Compare the best fit (4) with the context:**
    *   "Contributes to the creation of ideas and to economic growth."
    *   "Creation of ideas" means the generation or introduction of novel concepts.
    *   "Creation of economic growth" means the initiation or development of new economic activity.
    *   Sense 4 ("the act of starting something for the first time; introducing something new") accurately captures the meaning of generating novelty (ideas) and initiating development (growth).

6.  **Conclusion:** Sense 4 is the correct fit.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "idea" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: And does so without taking into account the fact that the diversity contributed by immigrants contributes to the creation of <t>ideas</t> and to economic growth (a large proportion of naturalised immigrants are among American Nobel prize winners, whilst Google, Intel, Paypal, eBay and Yahoo were all founded by immigrants).

Senses:
1. definition=the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about | examples=it was not a good idea
2. definition=your intention; what you intend to do | examples=he had in mind to see his old teacher
3. definition=a personal view | examples=he has an idea that we don't like him
4. definition=an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth | examples=an estimate of what it would cost
5. definition=(music) melodic subject of a musical composition | examples=the theme is announced in the first measures

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the request:** The user wants to identify which numbered sense of the word "ideas" (in the provided sentence) is being used. The output must be only the number.

2.  **Analyze the sentence:** "And does so without taking into account the fact that the diversity contributed by immigrants contributes to the creation of <t>ideas</t> and to economic growth..."

3.  **Analyze the context of "ideas":** The ideas are being *created* by the diversity contributed by immigrants, and this creation is linked to *economic growth*. This suggests that the "ideas" are novel concepts, innovations, or intellectual contributions that drive progress.

4.  **Evaluate the senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** definition=the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about | examples=it was not a good idea. (This usually refers to a plan or a concept, but the example "it was not a good idea" leans toward judgment/plan, not necessarily the *content* of cognition in a broad, creative sense.)
    *   **Sense 2:** definition=your intention; what you intend to do | examples=he had in mind to see his old teacher. (This is about intention/plan, not the output of diversity/innovation.)
    *   **Sense 3:** definition=a personal view | examples=he has an idea that we don't like him. (This is a belief or opinion, which is too narrow for the context of "creation" leading to "economic growth.")
    *   **Sense 4:** definition=an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth | examples=an estimate of what it would cost. (This is a numerical estimate, clearly incorrect.)
    *   **Sense 5:** definition=(music) melodic subject of a musical composition | examples=the theme is announced in the first measures. (This is musical, clearly incorrect.)

5.  **Re-evaluate the best fit (Sense 1 vs. others):**
    *   The context is "creation of ideas" leading to "economic growth" (e.g., Google, Intel, Nobel winners). This refers to intellectual property, innovations, and novel concepts.
    *   Sense 1: "the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about." This is the broadest sense, encompassing concepts, theories, and innovations. While the example provided ("it was not a good idea") is weak for this specific context, Sense 1 is the only option that captures the meaning of *innovative concepts* or *intellectual output* that drives economic growth.

6.  **Conclusion:** The "ideas" here are intellectual concepts/innovations. Sense 1 is the closest match for this meaning, representing the content of thought/cognition.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "proportion" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: And does so without taking into account the fact that the diversity contributed by immigrants contributes to the creation of ideas and to economic growth (a large <t>proportion</t> of naturalised immigrants are among American Nobel prize winners, whilst Google, Intel, Paypal, eBay and Yahoo were all founded by immigrants).

Senses:
1. definition=the quotient obtained when the magnitude of a part is divided by the magnitude of the whole
2. definition=magnitude or extent | examples=a building of vast proportions
3. definition=balance among the parts of something
4. definition=the relation between things (or parts of things) with respect to their comparative quantity, magnitude, or degree | examples=an inordinate proportion of the book is given over to quotations
5. definition=harmonious arrangement or relation of parts or elements within a whole (as in a design); - John Ruskin | examples=in all perfectly beautiful objects there is found the opposition of one part to another and a reciprocal balance

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the request:** The user wants to identify which numbered sense of the word "proportion" is used in the provided sentence. The output must be *only* the number.

2.  **Analyze the sentence:** "And does so without taking into account the fact that the diversity contributed by immigrants contributes to the creation of ideas and to economic growth (a large <t>proportion</t> of naturalised immigrants are among American Nobel prize winners, whilst Google, Intel, Paypal, eBay and Yahoo were all founded by immigrants)."

3.  **Analyze the usage of "proportion" in the sentence:** The phrase is "a large proportion of naturalised immigrants are among American Nobel prize winners."
    *   "Proportion" here refers to a *part* of the group ("naturalised immigrants") that possesses a certain characteristic (being Nobel prize winners).
    *   It indicates the *quantity* or *extent* of this subset relative to the whole group.

4.  **Evaluate the senses:**

    *   **1. definition=the quotient obtained when the magnitude of a part is divided by the magnitude of the whole:** This is the mathematical definition (ratio). While related, the sentence uses "a large proportion of X," which is a measure of extent, not necessarily a calculated ratio (e.g., 1/10).
    *   **2. definition=magnitude or extent | examples=a building of vast proportions:** This sense refers to the *size* or *scale* of something (e.g., "vast proportions"). The sentence is not describing the size of the immigrants, but the *number* of them.
    *   **3. definition=balance among the parts of something:** This relates to equilibrium or fairness (e.g., "a fair proportion of the budget"). Not applicable here.
    *   **4. definition=the relation between things (or parts of things) with respect to their comparative quantity, magnitude, or degree | examples=an inordinate proportion of the book is given over to quotations:** This sense specifically deals with the *quantity* or *extent* of a part relative to the whole. "A large proportion of naturalised immigrants" perfectly fits this definition (a large *quantity* of the whole group).
    *   **5. definition=harmonious arrangement or relation of parts or elements within a whole (as in a design); - John Ruskin | examples=in all perfectly beautiful objects there is found the opposition of one part to another and a reciprocal balance:** This is the aesthetic/design sense. Not applicable here.

5.  **Conclusion:** Sense 4 is the best fit, as it refers to the comparative quantity/extent of a part (Nobel winners) within a whole (naturalised immigrants).

6.  **Final Output Generation:** Return only the number 4.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "american" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: And does so without taking into account the fact that the diversity contributed by immigrants contributes to the creation of ideas and to economic growth (a large proportion of naturalised immigrants are among <t>American</t> Nobel prize winners, whilst Google, Intel, Paypal, eBay and Yahoo were all founded by immigrants).

Senses:
1. definition=of or relating to the United States of America or its people or language or culture | examples=American citizens
2. definition=of or relating to or characteristic of the continents and islands of the Americas | examples=the American hemisphere

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the request:** The user wants to identify which numbered sense of the word "American" is used in the provided sentence. The output must be *only* the number.

2.  **Analyze the sentence:** "And does so without taking into account the fact that the diversity contributed by immigrants contributes to the creation of ideas and to economic growth (a large proportion of naturalised immigrants are among <t>American</t> Nobel prize winners, whilst Google, Intel, Paypal, eBay and Yahoo were all founded by immigrants)."

3.  **Analyze the context of "American" in the sentence:** "a large proportion of naturalised immigrants are among <t>American</t> Nobel prize winners".

4.  **Analyze the senses provided:**
    *   Sense 1: definition=of or relating to the United States of America or its people or language or culture | examples=American citizens
    *   Sense 2: definition=of or relating to or characteristic of the continents and islands of the Americas | examples=the American hemisphere

5.  **Determine the meaning in context:** Nobel Prize winners are typically associated with specific national or cultural contexts. When discussing Nobel Prize winners in the context of immigrants and economic growth in the US (implied by the mention of Google, Intel, etc.), "American Nobel prize winners" refers to winners who are recognized within the US system or who are citizens/residents of the US. This relates to the culture and people of the United States.

6.  **Match the meaning to the senses:**
    *   Does it relate to the continents (Sense 2)? No, it specifically refers to the national/cultural context of the US.
    *   Does it relate to the United States of America or its people/culture (Sense 1)? Yes.

7.  **Conclusion:** Sense 1 is the correct sense.

8.  **Format the output:** Return only the number.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "winner" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: And does so without taking into account the fact that the diversity contributed by immigrants contributes to the creation of ideas and to economic growth (a large proportion of naturalised immigrants are among American Nobel prize <t>winners</t>, whilst Google, Intel, Paypal, eBay and Yahoo were all founded by immigrants).

Senses:
1. definition=the contestant who wins the contest
2. definition=a gambler who wins a bet
3. definition=a person with a record of successes | examples=his son would never be the achiever that his father was

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the request:** The user wants to identify which numbered sense of the word "winners" (marked with `<t></t>`) is used in the provided sentence. The output must be *only* the number.

2.  **Analyze the sentence:** "And does so without taking into account the fact that the diversity contributed by immigrants contributes to the creation of ideas and to economic growth (a large proportion of naturalised immigrants are among American Nobel prize <t>winners</t>, whilst Google, Intel, Paypal, eBay and Yahoo were all founded by immigrants)."

3.  **Analyze the context of "winners":** The word "winners" refers to people who received the "American Nobel prize."

4.  **Analyze the senses:**
    *   Sense 1: definition=the contestant who wins the contest. (Nobel prizes are contests/awards.)
    *   Sense 2: definition=a gambler who wins a bet. (Irrelevant to Nobel prizes.)
    *   Sense 3: definition=a person with a record of successes | examples=his son would never be the achiever that his father was. (This is a general sense of success, but Sense 1 is more specific to the context of a prize/award.)

5.  **Determine the best fit:** Winning a Nobel Prize is a form of winning a contest or receiving an award.
    *   Sense 1 ("the contestant who wins the contest") fits perfectly.
    *   While Sense 3 (general success) is related, Sense 1 captures the specific event (winning the prize/contest) that the sentence describes.

6.  **Final selection:** Sense 1.

7.  **Format the output:** Return only the number.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "yahoo" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: And does so without taking into account the fact that the diversity contributed by immigrants contributes to the creation of ideas and to economic growth (a large proportion of naturalised immigrants are among American Nobel prize winners, whilst Google, Intel, Paypal, eBay and <t>Yahoo</t> were all founded by immigrants).

Senses:
1. definition=a person who is not very intelligent or interested in culture
2. definition=one of a race of brutes resembling men but subject to the Houyhnhnms in a novel by Jonathan Swift
3. definition=a widely used search engine for the web that finds information, news, images, products, finance

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the request:** The user wants to know which numbered sense of the word "Yahoo" (marked with `<t>Yahoo</t>`) is used in the provided sentence. The output must be *only* the number.

2.  **Analyze the sentence context:**
    "...whilst Google, Intel, Paypal, eBay and <t>Yahoo</t> were all founded by immigrants."

3.  **Analyze the surrounding words:** Google, Intel, Paypal, eBay are all well-known technology companies/internet services.

4.  **Analyze the senses provided:**
    *   Sense 1: a person who is not very intelligent or interested in culture (A derogatory term for a person).
    *   Sense 2: one of a race of brutes resembling men... (A literary reference).
    *   Sense 3: a widely used search engine for the web that finds information, news, images, products, finance (A description of a technology company/internet service).

5.  **Match the context to the senses:** Since Google, Intel, Paypal, and eBay are companies/services, the word "Yahoo" in this list must refer to the company/service.

6.  **Determine the correct sense number:** Sense 3 describes a widely used search engine/internet service, which matches the context of the list of tech companies.

7.  **Formulate the final answer:** The correct number is 3.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "contributor" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Migrants are also net <t>contributors</t> to social systems, averaging 1% of the total budgets of European countries.

Senses:
1. definition=someone who contributes (or promises to contribute) a sum of money
2. definition=a writer whose work is published in a newspaper or magazine or as part of a book

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the request:** The user wants to know which numbered sense of the word "contributor" is used in the provided sentence. The output must be *only* the number.

2.  **Analyze the sentence:** "Migrants are also net <t>contributors</t> to social systems, averaging 1% of the total budgets of European countries."

3.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence discusses migrants providing a percentage (1%) of the total budgets of European countries. This relates to economic input, resources, or financial support.

4.  **Analyze the senses:**
    *   Sense 1: definition=someone who contributes (or promises to contribute) a sum of money. (Financial/economic contribution)
    *   Sense 2: definition=a writer whose work is published in a newspaper or magazine or as part of a book. (Literary/journalistic contribution)

5.  **Match the context to the senses:**
    *   The context (budgets, percentages, social systems) clearly points to an economic or financial contribution.
    *   Sense 1 matches this meaning.
    *   Sense 2 does not match this meaning.

6.  **Determine the answer:** The correct sense is 1.

7.  **Format the output:** Return only the number.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "budget" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Migrants are also net contributors to social systems, averaging 1% of the total <t>budgets</t> of European countries.

Senses:
1. definition=a sum of money allocated for a particular purpose | examples=the laboratory runs on a budget of a million a year
2. definition=a summary of intended expenditures along with proposals for how to meet them | examples=the president submitted the annual budget to Congress

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the request:** The user wants to identify which numbered sense of the word "budgets" is used in the provided sentence. The output must be *only* the number.

2.  **Analyze the sentence:** "Migrants are also net contributors to social systems, averaging 1% of the total <t>budgets</t> of European countries."

3.  **Analyze the context of "budgets":** The word "budgets" is modifying "European countries" and refers to a quantifiable amount (1% of the total...). In the context of countries and social systems, "budgets" refers to the total financial resources or allocations of those countries.

4.  **Analyze Sense 1:**
    *   Definition: a sum of money allocated for a particular purpose.
    *   Example: "the laboratory runs on a budget of a million a year."
    *   *Match check:* The total financial resources of a country (its national budget) fit this definition.

5.  **Analyze Sense 2:**
    *   Definition: a summary of intended expenditures along with proposals for how to meet them.
    *   Example: "the president submitted the annual budget to Congress."
    *   *Match check:* While a country *has* a budget (Sense 2), the sentence refers to the *total amount* (1% of the total budgets), which is the actual allocated money (Sense 1), not the planning document itself.

6.  **Conclusion:** The sentence refers to the total financial allocations/resources of the countries, which aligns with Sense 1.

7.  **Final Output Generation:** Return only the number 1.