[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: call
Target surface form: call
Context:
Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they <t>call</t> it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=call%2:32:02:: | definition=assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to | synonyms=name | examples=They named their son David; The new school was named after the famous Civil Rights leader
2. sense_key=call%2:32:00:: | definition=ascribe a quality to or give a name of a common noun that reflects a quality | examples=He called me a bastard; She called her children lazy and ungrateful
3. sense_key=call%2:32:01:: | definition=get or try to get into communication (with someone) by telephone | synonyms=telephone, call up, phone, ring | examples=I tried to call you all night; Take two aspirin and call me in the morning
4. sense_key=call%2:32:09:: | definition=utter a sudden loud cry | synonyms=shout, shout out, cry, yell, scream, holler | examples=she cried with pain when the doctor inserted the needle; I yelled to her from the window but she couldn't hear me
5. sense_key=call%2:32:05:: | definition=order, request, or command to come | synonyms=send for | examples=She was called into the director's office; Call the police!
6. sense_key=call%2:41:00:: | definition=pay a brief visit | synonyms=visit, call in | examples=The mayor likes to call on some of the prominent citizens
7. sense_key=call%2:41:04:: | definition=call a meeting; invite or command to meet | examples=The Wannsee Conference was called to discuss the `Final Solution'; The new dean calls meetings every week
8. sense_key=call%2:32:13:: | definition=read aloud to check for omissions or absentees | examples=Call roll
9. sense_key=call%2:32:04:: | definition=send a message or attempt to reach someone by radio, phone, etc.; make a signal to in order to transmit a message | examples=Hawaii is calling!; A transmitter in Samoa was heard calling
10. sense_key=call%2:32:03:: | definition=utter a characteristic note or cry | examples=bluejays called to one another
11. sense_key=call%2:42:09:: | definition=stop or postpone because of adverse conditions, such as bad weather | examples=call a football game
12. sense_key=call%2:41:14:: | definition=greet, as with a prescribed form, title, or name | synonyms=address | examples=He always addresses me with `Sir'; Call me Mister
13. sense_key=call%2:41:12:: | definition=make a stop in a harbour | examples=The ship will call in Honolulu tomorrow
14. sense_key=call%2:40:09:: | definition=demand payment of (a loan) | synonyms=call in | examples=Call a loan
15. sense_key=call%2:40:05:: | definition=make a demand, as for a card or a suit or a show of hands | synonyms=bid | examples=He called his trump
16. sense_key=call%2:38:00:: | definition=give the calls (to the dancers) for a square dance | synonyms=call off
17. sense_key=call%2:32:06:: | definition=indicate a decision in regard to | examples=call balls and strikes behind the plate
18. sense_key=call%2:32:10:: | definition=make a prediction about; tell in advance | synonyms=predict, foretell, prognosticate, forebode, anticipate, promise | examples=Call the outcome of an election
19. sense_key=call%2:32:12:: | definition=require the presentation of for redemption before maturation | examples=Call a bond
20. sense_key=call%2:32:07:: | definition=challenge (somebody) to make good on a statement; charge with or censure for an offense | examples=He deserves to be called on that
21. sense_key=call%2:32:08:: | definition=declare in the capacity of an umpire or referee | examples=call a runner out
22. sense_key=call%2:32:11:: | definition=lure by imitating the characteristic call of an animal | examples=Call ducks
23. sense_key=call%2:32:15:: | definition=order or request or give a command for | examples=The unions called a general strike for Sunday
24. sense_key=call%2:32:14:: | definition=order, summon, or request for a specific duty or activity, work, role | examples=He was already called 4 times for jury duty; They called him to active military duty
25. sense_key=call%2:31:13:: | definition=utter in a loud voice or announce | examples=He called my name; The auctioneer called the bids
26. sense_key=call%2:31:00:: | definition=challenge the sincerity or truthfulness of | examples=call the speaker on a question of fact
27. sense_key=call%2:31:05:: | definition=consider or regard as being | examples=I would not call her beautiful
28. sense_key=call%2:29:05:: | definition=rouse somebody from sleep with a call | examples=I was called at 5 A.M. this morning

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "call" in the given context.
The context is about "ringers" who are pulling ropes to make bells swing.
The specific sentence is: "Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they <t>call</t> it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls."

The word "call" here means to name or refer to something. The ringers are giving a specific name ("rope-sight") to a specific visual technique (using peripheral vision).

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. `sense_key=call%2:32:02:: | definition=assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to | synonyms=name | examples=They named their son David; The new school was named after the famous Civil Rights leader`
   This matches the meaning of assigning a name ("rope-sight") to a concept (using peripheral vision).

2. `sense_key=call%2:32:00:: | definition=ascribe a quality to or give a name of a common noun that reflects a quality | examples=He called me a bastard; She called her children lazy and ungrateful`
   This is about labeling a person or thing with a descriptive quality (e.g., calling someone lazy). While related to naming, sense 1 is more general and fits the act of naming a technique/concept.

3. `sense_key=call%2:32:01:: | definition=get or try to get into communication (with someone) by telephone | synonyms=telephone, call up, phone, ring | examples=I tried to call you all night; Take two aspirin and call me in the morning`
   Incorrect (telephony).

4. `sense_key=call%2:32:09:: | definition=utter a sudden loud cry | synonyms=shout, shout out, cry, yell, scream, holler | examples=she cried with pain when the doctor inserted the needle; I yelled to her from the window but she couldn't hear me`
   Incorrect (shouting).

5. `sense_key=call%2:32:05:: | definition=order, request, or command to come | synonyms=send for | examples=She was called into the director's office; Call the police!`
   Incorrect (summoning).

6. `sense_key=call%2:41:00:: | definition=pay a brief visit | synonyms=visit, call in | examples=The mayor likes to call on some of the prominent citizens`
   Incorrect (visiting).

7. `sense_key=call%2:41:04:: | definition=call a meeting; invite or command to meet | examples=The Wannsee Conference was called to discuss the 'Final Solution'; The new dean calls meetings every week`
   Incorrect (convening a meeting).

8. `sense_key=call%2:32:13:: | definition=read aloud to check for omissions or absentees | examples=Call roll`
   Incorrect (reading a list).

9. `sense_key=call%2:32:04:: | definition=send a message or attempt to reach someone by radio, phone, etc.; make a signal to in order to transmit a message | examples=Hawaii is calling!; A transmitter in Samoa was heard calling`
   Incorrect (signaling/broadcasting).

10. `sense_key=call%2:32:03:: | definition=utter a characteristic note or cry | examples=bluejays called to one another`
    Incorrect (animal sound).

11. `sense_key=call%2:42:09:: | definition=stop or postpone because of adverse conditions, such as bad weather | examples=call a football game`
    Incorrect (postponing).

12. `sense_key=call%2:41:14:: | definition=greet, as with a prescribed form, title, or name | synonyms=address | examples=He always addresses me with 'Sir'; Call me Mister`
    Incorrect (greeting/addressing).

13. `sense_key=call%2:41:12:: | definition=make a stop in a harbour | examples=The ship will call in Honolulu tomorrow`
    Incorrect (stopping at a port).

14. `sense_key=call%2:40:09:: | definition=demand payment of (a loan) | synonyms=call in | examples=Call a loan`
    Incorrect (financial demand).

15. `sense_key=call%2:40:05:: | definition=make a demand, as for a card or a suit or a show of hands | synonyms=bid | examples=He called his trump`
    Incorrect (gambling/bidding).

16. `sense_key=call%2:38:00:: | definition=give the calls (to the dancers) for a square dance | synonyms=call off`
    Incorrect (dance instructions).

17. `sense_key=call%2:32:06:: | definition=indicate a decision in regard to | examples=call balls and strikes behind the plate`
    Incorrect (sports officiating).

18. `sense_key=call%2:32:10:: | definition=make a prediction about; tell in advance | synonyms=predict, foretell, prognosticate, forebode, anticipate, promise | examples=Call the outcome of an election`
    Incorrect (predicting).

19. `sense_key=call%2:32:12:: | definition=require the presentation of for redemption before maturation | examples=Call a bond`
    Incorrect (finance).

20. `sense_key=call%2:32:07:: | definition=challenge (somebody) to make good on a statement; charge with or censure for an offense | examples=He deserves to be called on that`
    Incorrect (challenging/accusing).

21. `sense_key=call%2:32:08:: | definition=declare in the capacity of an umpire or referee | examples=call a runner out`
    Incorrect (sports officiating).

22. `sense_key=call%2:32:11:: | definition=lure by imitating the characteristic call of an animal | examples=Call ducks`
    Incorrect (luring).

23. `sense_key=call%2:32:15:: | definition=order or request or give a command for | examples=The unions called a general strike for Sunday`
    Incorrect (ordering an action).

24. `sense_key=call%2:32:14:: | definition=order, summon, or request for a specific duty or activity, work, role | examples=He was already called 4 times for jury duty; They called him to active military duty`
    Incorrect (summoning for duty).

25. `sense_key=call%2:31:13:: | definition=utter in a loud voice or announce | examples=He called my name; The auctioneer called the bids`
    This is close, as naming something is a form of announcing/uttering. However, sense 1 is specifically about *assigning a name* to a concept, which is precisely what "they call it 'rope-sight'" means.

26. `sense_key=call%2:31:00:: | definition=challenge the sincerity or truthfulness of | examples=call the speaker on a question of fact`
    Incorrect (challenging truth).

27. `sense_key=call%2:31:05:: | definition=consider or regard as being | examples=I would not call her beautiful`
    This is a possibility (regard as), but sense 1 (assign a name) is a more direct fit for naming a technique.

28. `sense_key=call%2:29:05:: | definition=rouse somebody from sleep with a call | examples=I was called at 5 A.M. this morning`
    Incorrect (waking up).

Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 25:
Context: "they call it 'rope-sight'" (Naming a concept).
Sense 1: "assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to" (Perfect fit for naming a technique).
Sense 25: "utter in a loud voice or announce" (This implies speaking the name, but Sense 1 captures the cognitive act of *naming* the concept).

Sense 1 is the most precise match for the usage "call [something] [name]".

Final choice: Sense 1.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: watch
Target surface form: watch
Context:
Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to <t>watch</t> the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=watch%2:39:00:: | definition=look attentively | examples=watch a basketball game
2. sense_key=watch%2:41:00:: | definition=follow with the eyes or the mind | synonyms=observe, follow, watch over, keep an eye on | examples=Keep an eye on the baby, please!; The world is watching Sarajevo
3. sense_key=watch%2:39:05:: | definition=see or watch | synonyms=view, see, catch, take in | examples=view a show on television; This program will be seen all over the world
4. sense_key=watch%2:39:02:: | definition=observe with attention | synonyms=look on | examples=They watched as the murderer was executed
5. sense_key=watch%2:39:01:: | definition=be vigilant, be on the lookout or be careful | synonyms=look out, watch out | examples=Watch out for pickpockets!
6. sense_key=watch%2:39:03:: | definition=observe or determine by looking | examples=Watch how the dog chases the cats away
7. sense_key=watch%2:32:09:: | definition=find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort | synonyms=determine, check, find out, see, ascertain, learn | examples=I want to see whether she speaks French; See whether it works

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "watch" in the provided context.

Context: "Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to <t>watch</t> the other ropes and thus time their pulls."

Target word: watch

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=watch%2:39:00:: | definition=look attentively | examples=watch a basketball game
2. sense_key=watch%2:41:00:: | definition=follow with the eyes or the mind | synonyms=observe, follow, watch over, keep an eye on | examples=Keep an eye on the baby, please!; The world is watching Sarajevo
3. sense_key=watch%2:39:05:: | definition=see or watch | synonyms=view, see, catch, take in | examples=view a show on television; This program will be seen all over the world
4. sense_key=watch%2:39:02:: | definition=observe with attention | synonyms=look on | examples=They watched as the murderer was executed
5. sense_key=watch%2:39:01:: | definition=be vigilant, be on the lookout or be careful | synonyms=look out, watch out | examples=Watch out for pickpockets!
6. sense_key=watch%2:39:03:: | definition=observe or determine by looking | examples=Watch how the dog chases the cats away
7. sense_key=watch%2:32:09:: | definition=find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort | synonyms=determine, check, find out, see, ascertain, learn | examples=I want to see whether she speaks French; See whether it works

Analysis:
The ringers are "Totally absorbed" and "stare straight ahead." They use "peripheral vision" to "watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls."
The action is about monitoring the movement of the ropes to coordinate their actions (timing their pulls).

Let's evaluate the senses:
1. look attentively: Fits well. They are looking attentively at the ropes.
2. follow with the eyes or the mind: Fits well. They are following the movement of the ropes.
3. see or watch: Too general, but accurate.
4. observe with attention: Very strong fit. They are observing the ropes carefully to time their pulls.
5. be vigilant/look out: Incorrect. They are not looking out for danger; they are monitoring movement.
6. observe or determine by looking: Strong fit. They are observing the ropes to determine the timing of their pulls.
7. find out/learn: Incorrect. This sense relates to discovery or learning through effort, not visual monitoring of movement.

Comparing the strong candidates (1, 2, 4, 6):
The context emphasizes the *act of monitoring* movement ("the other ropes") for a specific purpose ("and thus time their pulls").

Sense 4: "observe with attention" (synonyms: look on). This captures the focused, deliberate nature of the action.
Sense 6: "observe or determine by looking" (example: Watch how the dog chases the cats away). This emphasizes the outcome (determining/seeing the action).

Sense 4 seems the most precise description of the cognitive state and action required: they are paying close attention to the ropes' movement.

Let's re-examine Sense 3: "see or watch" (synonyms: view, see, catch, take in). This is the most basic sense of visual perception.
Let's re-examine Sense 4: "observe with attention" (synonyms: look on). This implies a higher level of engagement than just seeing.
Let's re-examine Sense 2: "follow with the eyes or the mind" (synonyms: observe, follow, watch over). This emphasizes tracking movement.

Since the goal is to "time their pulls," the act of watching is highly functional and requires focused observation of the movement. Sense 4 ("observe with attention") captures this focused monitoring best.

However, let's look closely at the provided options and typical WordNet distinctions.
Sense 3: see or watch (basic perception).
Sense 4: observe with attention (focused perception).
Sense 2: follow with the eyes or the mind (tracking/monitoring).

In the context of timing pulls based on rope movement, "following" the movement (Sense 2) or "observing with attention" (Sense 4) are highly relevant.

If I must choose the single best fit:
The ringers are not just passively seeing (Sense 3); they are actively monitoring the state and movement of the ropes to coordinate their timing. This is a deliberate, attentive observation.

Sense 4: "observe with attention" is a very strong match for this functional, focused visual monitoring.

Let's check the provided solution structure. I must return the index number corresponding to the chosen sense.

I choose Sense 4.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: other
Target surface form: other
Context:
Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the <t>other</t> ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
2. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening
3. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=belonging to the distant past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "other" in the provided context.

Context: "Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the <t>other</t> ropes and thus time their pulls."

Target word: "other"

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
2. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=recently past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
3. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail
4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening

Wait, the provided list of candidates seems slightly misnumbered or duplicated in the prompt structure. Let me re-examine the provided list carefully:

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
2. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=recently past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
3. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail
4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening

The context is: "...to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls."

The word "other" here refers to ropes that are not the one the ringers are currently focused on, or ropes belonging to the other ringers. This aligns perfectly with the meaning of "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied."

Let's check the candidates against this meaning:

1. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; ...
   * This matches the context ("other ropes" = ropes that are not the primary focus/rope).

2. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=recently past | synonyms=early, former | ...
   * This is temporal and irrelevant.

3. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; ...
   * This is qualitative/adjectival (strange/odd) and irrelevant.

4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening
   * This is temporal and irrelevant.

The best fit is Candidate 1.

I must return the JSON object with the index of the chosen sense.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rope
Target surface form: ropes
Context:
Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other <t>ropes</t> and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rope%1:06:00:: | definition=a strong line
2. sense_key=rope%1:06:01:: | definition=street names for flunitrazepan | synonyms=R-2, Mexican valium, rophy, roofy, roach, forget me drug

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
"sense_index": 1
}
```

content:
```json
{
"sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the word "ropes" (plural of "rope") based on the provided context.

Target lemma: rope
Target surface form: ropes
Context snippet: "Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other <t>ropes</t> and thus time their pulls."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rope%1:06:00:: | definition=a strong line
2. sense_key=rope%1:06:01:: | definition=street names for flunitrazepan | synonyms=R-2, Mexican valium, rophy, roofy, roach, forget me drug

Analysis:
The context describes "ringers" pulling "ropes" in a church ringing chamber. These ropes are used to control bells ("the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves"). The ropes are physical objects that are pulled and move.

Sense 1: "a strong line". This fits the description of a physical line used for pulling/controlling something (like a bell rope).
Sense 2: "street names for flunitrazepan". This is a drug reference and is completely irrelevant to the context of church bells and ringing.

Conclusion: Sense 1 is the correct sense.

I need to return the JSON object with the index of the chosen sense.
Sense 1 corresponds to index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: thus
Target surface form: thus
Context:
Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and <t>thus</t> time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=thus%4:02:00:: | definition=(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result | synonyms=therefore, hence, thence, so | examples=therefore X must be true; the eggs were fresh and hence satisfactory
2. sense_key=thus%4:02:01:: | definition=in the way indicated; ; ; (`thusly' is a nonstandard variant) | synonyms=thusly, so | examples=hold the brush so; set up the pieces thus

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "thus" in the provided context.

Context: "Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and <t>thus</t> time their pulls."

Target word: thus

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=thus%4:02:00:: | definition=(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result | synonyms=therefore, hence, thence, so | examples=therefore X must be true; the eggs were fresh and hence satisfactory
2. sense_key=thus%4:02:01:: | definition=in the way indicated; ; ; (`thusly' is a nonstandard variant) | synonyms=thusly, so | examples=hold the brush so; set up the pieces thus

Analysis:
The sentence describes the ringers using peripheral vision to watch the ropes and *thus* time their pulls.
The action of "timing their pulls" is a consequence or a manner of using the peripheral vision/watching the ropes.

Let's evaluate the senses:

Sense 1 (Logical conclusion/As a result): This sense implies a cause-and-effect relationship.
*   Cause: Using peripheral vision to watch the other ropes.
*   Effect: Timing their pulls.
*   "Thus" here means "as a result of watching the ropes, they time their pulls." This fits the logical flow.

Sense 2 (In the way indicated/Manner): This sense describes *how* something is done.
*   "They watch the other ropes and [in the way indicated by watching the ropes] time their pulls."
*   While timing their pulls is *how* they operate, the structure "watch X and thus Y" often functions as a result clause (Y happens because of X). However, "thus" can also mean "in this manner."

Comparing the two:
If we use Sense 1 (Result): "They watch the ropes, and as a result, they time their pulls." This is a strong interpretation.
If we use Sense 2 (Manner): "They watch the ropes, and in that manner (i.e., by watching them), they time their pulls." This is also plausible, but Sense 1 captures the dependency more clearly in this specific construction.

Let's re-examine the phrasing: "using peripheral vision... to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls."
The structure suggests that the act of watching the ropes *enables* or *leads to* the timing of the pulls. This strongly favors the sense of consequence or result (Sense 1).

Example check for Sense 1: "The bells are swinging wildly; thus, the ringers must time their pulls carefully." (Result)
Example check for Sense 2: "They watch the ropes and thus (in that manner) time their pulls." (Manner)

In the given context, the timing is a direct function of the observation. The observation (watching the ropes) is the premise leading to the action (timing the pulls). Therefore, Sense 1 (introducing a logical conclusion/result) is the best fit.

Conclusion: Sense 1 is the best choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: time
Target surface form: time
Context:
Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus <t>time</t> their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=time%2:30:00:: | definition=measure the time or duration of an event or action or the person who performs an action in a certain period of time | synonyms=clock | examples=he clocked the runners
2. sense_key=time%2:31:00:: | definition=assign a time for an activity or event | examples=The candidate carefully timed his appearance at the disaster scene
3. sense_key=time%2:31:01:: | definition=set the speed, duration, or execution of | examples=we time the process to manufacture our cars very precisely
4. sense_key=time%2:30:01:: | definition=regulate or set the time of | examples=time the clock
5. sense_key=time%2:30:06:: | definition=adjust so that a force is applied and an action occurs at the desired time | examples=The good player times his swing so as to hit the ball squarely

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "time" in the given context.

Context: "Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus <t>time</t> their pulls."

Target word: time (verb)

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=time%2:30:00:: | definition=measure the time or duration of an event or action or the person who performs an action in a certain period of time | synonyms=clock | examples=he clocked the runners
2. sense_key=time%2:31:00:: | definition=assign a time for an activity or event | examples=The candidate carefully timed his appearance at the disaster scene
3. sense_key=time%2:31:01:: | definition=set the speed, duration, or execution of | examples=we time the process to manufacture our cars very precisely
4. sense_key=time%2:30:01:: | definition=regulate or set the time of | examples=time the clock
5. sense_key=time%2:30:06:: | definition=adjust so that a force is applied and an action occurs at the desired time | examples=The good player times his swing so as to hit the ball squarely

Analysis of the context:
The ringers are watching the other ropes ("rope-sight") and using this observation to "time their pulls."
"Pulls" are actions (the pulling of the ropes).
The action of "timing" here relates to coordinating or regulating when these pulls happen relative to each other or relative to a pattern.

Evaluation of senses:
1. **measure the time or duration**: While timing involves duration, the context suggests coordinating the *execution* of the pulls, not just measuring how long they take. (e.g., measuring the duration of a pull).
2. **assign a time for an activity**: This usually means scheduling (e.g., timing an appointment). Not applicable here.
3. **set the speed, duration, or execution of**: This fits well. The ringers are coordinating the *execution* (when the pull happens) and likely the *speed* (rhythm/tempo) of the pulls. The example "we time the process to manufacture our cars very precisely" relates to controlling the execution/duration of a process.
4. **regulate or set the time of**: This is closer to scheduling or setting a clock, which is too literal for coordinating physical actions in a performance.
5. **adjust so that a force is applied and an action occurs at the desired time**: This is very specific to physical timing/coordination, like in sports (e.g., timing a swing). This is a strong candidate, as pulling a rope is applying a force/action.

Comparing 3 and 5:
Sense 3: "set the speed, duration, or execution of" (General control over performance/process).
Sense 5: "adjust so that a force is applied and an action occurs at the desired time" (Specific coordination of physical actions).

The action here is "pulling a rope" (applying force/action). The ringers are using visual cues ("rope-sight") to ensure their pull happens at the correct moment relative to others. This is precisely what Sense 5 describes: adjusting the action (pull) so it occurs at the desired time (in coordination with the pattern).

Sense 3 is broader ("execution of"), but Sense 5 captures the nuance of coordinating physical actions (pulls) in a rhythmic performance, which is the core meaning here.

Let's re-examine the examples:
Sense 3: "we time the process to manufacture our cars very precisely." (Focus on process control/duration).
Sense 5: "The good player times his swing so as to hit the ball squarely." (Focus on precise coordination of action/force).

Since the ringers are coordinating physical actions (pulls) to match a pattern, Sense 5 is the most precise fit.

Final choice: Sense 5.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: pull
Target surface form: pulls
Context:
Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their <t>pulls</t>. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=pull%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of pulling; applying force to move something toward or with you | synonyms=pulling | examples=the pull up the hill had him breathing harder; his strenuous pulling strained his back
2. sense_key=pull%1:19:00:: | definition=the force used in pulling | examples=the pull of the moon; the pull of the current
3. sense_key=pull%1:07:00:: | definition=special advantage or influence | synonyms=clout | examples=the chairman's nephew has a lot of pull
4. sense_key=pull%1:06:01:: | definition=a device used for pulling something | examples=he grabbed the pull and opened the drawer
5. sense_key=pull%1:26:00:: | definition=a sharp strain on muscles or ligaments | synonyms=wrench, twist | examples=the wrench to his knee occurred as he fell; he was sidelined with a hamstring pull
6. sense_key=pull%1:04:01:: | definition=a slow inhalation (as of tobacco smoke) | synonyms=puff, drag | examples=he took a puff on his pipe; he took a drag on his cigarette and expelled the smoke slowly
7. sense_key=pull%1:04:02:: | definition=a sustained effort | examples=it was a long pull but we made it

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Thinking Process:

1.  **Analyze the Target Word and Context:**
    *   Target surface form: "pulls" (third-person singular present tense of "pull").
    *   Context snippet: "Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their <t>pulls</t>."
    *   Surrounding information: The ringers are standing in a circle, each "pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling." They are timing their actions related to these ropes.

2.  **Determine the Meaning in Context:**
    *   The ringers are operating ropes to make bells swing.
    *   "Timing their pulls" means timing the action of pulling the ropes.
    *   The action is the physical application of force to move the rope/bell.

3.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses:**

    *   1. `pull%1:04:00`: definition=the act of pulling; applying force to move something toward or with you. Synonyms=pulling. *Matches the physical action of operating the rope.*
    *   2. `pull%1:19:00`: definition=the force used in pulling. *This refers to the force itself (e.g., gravity's pull), not the action/timing of the action.*
    *   3. `pull%1:07:00`: definition=special advantage or influence. *Irrelevant (social/political context).*
    *   4. `pull%1:06:01`: definition=a device used for pulling something. *Irrelevant (a noun for a mechanism).*
    *   5. `pull%1:26:00`: definition=a sharp strain on muscles or ligaments. *Irrelevant (injury context).*
    *   6. `pull%1:04:01`: definition=a slow inhalation (as of tobacco smoke). *Irrelevant (smoking context).*
    *   7. `pull%1:04:02`: definition=a sustained effort. *Possible, but Sense 1 is more precise, describing the discrete action being timed.*

4.  **Select the Best Sense:**
    *   Sense 1, "the act of pulling; applying force to move something toward or with you," perfectly describes the action the ringers are performing and timing.

5.  **Final Output Generation:** (Format as requested JSON object).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: far
Target surface form: Far
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. <t>Far</t> above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=far%4:02:02:: | definition=to a considerable degree; very much | examples=a far far better thing that I do; felt far worse than yesterday
2. sense_key=far%4:02:00:: | definition=at or to or from a great distance in space | examples=he traveled far; strayed far from home
3. sense_key=far%4:02:04:: | definition=at or to a certain point or degree | examples=I can only go so far before I have to give up; how far can we get with this kind of argument?
4. sense_key=far%4:02:01:: | definition=remote in time | examples=if we could see far into the future; all that happened far in the past
5. sense_key=far%4:02:05:: | definition=to an advanced stage or point | examples=a young man who will go very far

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "Far" in the given context.

Context:
"A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. **Far** above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change."

Target word: Far

The phrase is: "Far above in the belfry..."

This usage describes the location of the bells relative to the observers (or the ringing chamber). "Above" already indicates vertical distance, and "Far" intensifies or specifies that distance.

Let's analyze the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=far%4:02:02:: | definition=to a considerable degree; very much | examples=a far far better thing that I do; felt far worse than yesterday (Degree/Intensity) -> Does not fit spatial location.
2. sense_key=far%4:02:00:: | definition=at or to or from a great distance in space | examples=he traveled far; strayed far from home (Spatial distance) -> This fits the idea of being located at a great distance in space (up high).
3. sense_key=far%4:02:04:: | definition=at or to a certain point or degree | examples=I can only go so far before I have to give up; how far can we get with this kind of argument? (Limit/Extent) -> Less likely than pure spatial distance here.
4. sense_key=far%4:02:01:: | definition=remote in time | examples=if we could see far into the future; all that happened far in the past (Temporal distance) -> Incorrect.
5. sense_key=far%4:02:05:: | definition=to an advanced stage or point | examples=a young man who will go very far (Progress/Advancement) -> Incorrect.

The context "Far above in the belfry" clearly indicates a large spatial distance (height).

Sense 2: "at or to or from a great distance in space" is the best fit.

Therefore, the correct sense index is 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: above
Target surface form: above
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far <t>above</t> in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=above%4:02:00:: | definition=at an earlier place | synonyms=supra | examples=see above
2. sense_key=above%4:02:01:: | definition=in or to a place that is higher | synonyms=higher up, in a higher place, to a higher place

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 2
}
```

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 2
}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence containing the target word is: "Far <t>above</t> in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees..."
2.  **Determine the meaning of 'above' in this context:** The bells are located in the belfry, and the phrase "Far above in the belfry" indicates a vertical position higher than the ringers (who are in the ringing chamber below).
3.  **Examine the candidate senses:**
    *   Sense 1 (above%4:02:00): definition=at an earlier place | synonyms=supra. This relates to time or sequence, not physical location. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2 (above%4:02:01): definition=in or to a place that is higher | synonyms=higher up, in a higher place, to a higher place. This relates to physical elevation. (Correct)
4.  **Select the best sense:** Sense 2 perfectly matches the meaning of physical height/elevation in the context (bells are higher up in the belfry).
5.  **Format the output:** The instruction requires returning only a JSON object with the sense index. Since the candidates are numbered 1 and 2, the chosen sense is 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bronze
Target surface form: bronze
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge <t>bronze</t> bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bronze%5:00:00:chromatic:00 | definition=of the color of bronze | synonyms=bronzy
2. sense_key=bronze%5:00:00:metallic:00 | definition=made from or consisting of bronze

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "bronze" in the provided context.

Context: "Far above in the belfry, the huge <t>bronze</t> bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position."

Target word: bronze

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bronze%5:00:00:chromatic:00 | definition=of the color of bronze | synonyms=bronzy
2. sense_key=bronze%5:00:00:metallic:00 | definition=made from or consisting of bronze

Analysis:
The word "bronze" modifies "bells". Bells are objects.
The context describes the physical characteristics of these bells.
If "bronze" refers to the color (Sense 1), it means the bells are bronze-colored.
If "bronze" refers to the material (Sense 2), it means the bells are made of bronze.

Bells, especially large, historical bells used in belfries, are typically cast from bronze (an alloy). While they have a bronze color, the primary descriptor for such objects is usually their composition (material).

Let's evaluate the candidates:
Sense 1 (Color): "bronze-colored bells". Plausible, but less specific than material.
Sense 2 (Material): "bells made from bronze". Highly probable for large bells.

In the context of describing manufactured objects like bells, the material sense (Sense 2) is the most precise and likely intended meaning.

Conclusion: Sense 2 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bell
Target surface form: bells
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze <t>bells</t>, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bell%1:06:00:: | definition=a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck
2. sense_key=bell%1:06:02:: | definition=a push button at an outer door that gives a ringing or buzzing signal when pushed | synonyms=doorbell, buzzer
3. sense_key=bell%1:11:00:: | definition=the sound of a bell being struck | synonyms=toll | examples=saved by the bell; she heard the distant toll of church bells
4. sense_key=bell%1:28:00:: | definition=(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units of nautical time signaled by strokes of a ship's bell; eight bells signals 4:00, 8:00, or 12:00 o'clock, either a.m. or p.m. | synonyms=ship's bell
5. sense_key=bell%1:25:00:: | definition=the shape of a bell | synonyms=bell shape, campana
6. sense_key=bell%1:18:02:: | definition=a phonetician and father of Alexander Graham Bell (1819-1905) | synonyms=Melville Bell, Alexander Melville Bell
7. sense_key=bell%1:18:01:: | definition=English painter; sister of Virginia Woolf; prominent member of the Bloomsbury Group (1879-1961) | synonyms=Vanessa Bell, Vanessa Stephen
8. sense_key=bell%1:18:00:: | definition=United States inventor (born in Scotland) of the telephone (1847-1922) | synonyms=Alexander Bell, Alexander Graham Bell
9. sense_key=bell%1:06:04:: | definition=a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument | synonyms=chime, gong
10. sense_key=bell%1:06:03:: | definition=the flared opening of a tubular device

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Thinking Process:

1.  **Analyze the Target and Context:**
    *   Target lemma: bell
    *   Target surface form: bells
    *   Context snippet: "Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze <t>bells</t>, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change."

2.  **Analyze the Contextual Clues:**
    *   Location: "belfry" (a tower where bells are housed).
    *   Material/Description: "huge bronze," "mounted on wheels," "swing madly through a full 360 degrees," "inverted, or mouth-up position."
    *   Action: "ringers" (people who ring bells) are involved, and the bells "swing."
    *   Function: They are part of a system where one bell "can swap places with another in the following change."

3.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses:**

    *   1. `bell%1:06:00`: "a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck." (Matches the description of a physical, ringing object, like a church bell.)
    *   2. `bell%1:06:02`: "a push button at an outer door..." (Incorrect. These are large, swinging bronze objects in a belfry.)
    *   3. `bell%1:11:00`: "the sound of a bell being struck." (Incorrect. The context refers to the physical objects, not the sound.)
    *   4. `bell%1:28:00`: "(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units..." (Incorrect. This is about timekeeping on a ship.)
    *   5. `bell%1:25:00`: "the shape of a bell." (Incorrect. The context refers to the physical objects themselves.)
    *   6. `bell%1:18:02`: "a phonetician and father of Alexander Graham Bell..." (Incorrect. Person.)
    *   7. `bell%1:18:01`: "English painter; sister of Virginia Woolf..." (Incorrect. Person.)
    *   8. `bell%1:18:00`: "United States inventor... of the telephone..." (Incorrect. Person.)
    *   9. `bell%1:06:04`: "a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer..." (Possible, but the context describes large, swinging, mounted bells in a belfry, which is more characteristic of a traditional church bell than a small, struck chime/gong set.)
    *   10. `bell%1:06:03`: "the flared opening of a tubular device." (Incorrect. This is a part, not the whole object.)

4.  **Compare Best Candidates (1 and 9):**
    *   Candidate 1 (`bell%1:06:00`): A hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck. This is the general definition of a large, swinging church bell.
    *   Candidate 9 (`bell%1:06:04`): A percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer. This describes a glockenspiel or similar instrument.

    *   *Refinement:* The context describes "huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees." This mechanism (swinging, mounted, used by ringers) is the classic description of a traditional change ringing bell (a type of church bell). While Candidate 9 describes a *set* of bells, Candidate 1 describes the *individual physical object* that is swinging and ringing, which fits the description of the bronze, mounted, swinging objects perfectly.

5.  **Conclusion:** Sense 1 is the most accurate description of the physical object being discussed in the context.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: mount
Target surface form: mounted
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, <t>mounted</t> on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=mount%2:35:00:: | definition=attach to a support | examples=They mounted the aerator on a floating
2. sense_key=mount%2:30:00:: | definition=go up or advance | synonyms=wax, climb, rise | examples=Sales were climbing after prices were lowered
3. sense_key=mount%2:30:01:: | definition=fix onto a backing, setting, or support | examples=mount slides for macroscopic analysis
4. sense_key=mount%2:36:00:: | definition=put up or launch | examples=mount a campaign against pornography
5. sense_key=mount%2:38:01:: | definition=get up on the back of | synonyms=hop on, mount up, get on, jump on, climb on, bestride | examples=mount a horse
6. sense_key=mount%2:38:00:: | definition=go upward with gradual or continuous progress | synonyms=climb, climb up, go up | examples=Did you ever climb up the hill behind your house?
7. sense_key=mount%2:36:01:: | definition=prepare and supply with the necessary equipment for execution or performance | synonyms=put on | examples=mount a theater production; mount an attack
8. sense_key=mount%2:35:07:: | definition=copulate with | synonyms=ride | examples=The bull was riding the cow

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "mounted" in the given context.
The target lemma is "mount".
The target surface form is "mounted".
The context is: "Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, <t>mounted</t> on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position."

I need to analyze the candidate senses and determine which one best fits "mounted on wheels" describing bells in a belfry.

Contextual analysis: The bells are physically placed or attached onto wheels.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=mount%2:35:00:: | definition=attach to a support | examples=They mounted the aerator on a floating
2. sense_key=mount%2:30:00:: | definition=go up or advance | synonyms=wax, climb, rise | examples=Sales were climbing after prices were lowered (Movement/Progress)
3. sense_key=mount%2:30:01:: | definition=fix onto a backing, setting, or support | examples=mount slides for macroscopic analysis (Fixing/Attaching)
4. sense_key=mount%2:36:00:: | definition=put up or launch | examples=mount a campaign against pornography (Initiating)
5. sense_key=mount%2:38:01:: | definition=get up on the back of | synonyms=hop on, mount up, get on, jump on, climb on, bestride | examples=mount a horse (Riding/Ascending)
6. sense_key=mount%2:38:00:: | definition=go upward with gradual or continuous progress | synonyms=climb, climb up, go up | examples=Did you ever climb up the hill behind your house? (Movement/Progress)
7. sense_key=mount%2:36:01:: | definition=prepare and supply with the necessary equipment for execution or performance | synonyms=put on | examples=mount a theater production; mount an attack (Organizing/Equipping)
8. sense_key=mount%2:35:07:: | definition=copulate with | synonyms=ride | examples=The bull was riding the cow (Sexual act)

Comparing the senses:
The bells are "mounted on wheels." This describes a physical attachment or support structure.

Sense 1: "attach to a support." This perfectly matches the idea of bells being attached to a support (the wheels/carriage).
Sense 3: "fix onto a backing, setting, or support." This is also very close to Sense 1, focusing on the act of fixing/attaching.

Let's look closer at the definitions and examples.
Sense 1: "attach to a support." (General attachment)
Sense 3: "fix onto a backing, setting, or support." (More specific to fixing/setting something onto a base).

In the context of heavy objects like bells on wheels, both 1 and 3 are highly relevant. Sense 3, "fix onto a backing, setting, or support," seems slightly more precise for describing how a large, heavy object is secured onto a base (the wheels/carriage).

However, Sense 1, "attach to a support," is the most general and accurate description of the relationship: the bells are attached to the support (wheels).

Let's re-evaluate the provided indices.
Sense 1: mount%2:35:00 (attach to a support)
Sense 3: mount%2:30:01 (fix onto a backing, setting, or support)

Since the bells are physically supported by the wheels, Sense 1 (attach to a support) is the most direct and least restrictive fit. Sense 3 is also good, but Sense 1 captures the essence of the physical relationship described.

I will choose Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: wheel
Target surface form: wheels
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on <t>wheels</t>, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=wheel%1:06:00:: | definition=a simple machine consisting of a circular frame with spokes (or a solid disc) that can rotate on a shaft or axle (as in vehicles or other machines)
2. sense_key=wheel%1:06:05:: | definition=a handwheel that is used for steering | synonyms=steering wheel
3. sense_key=wheel%1:07:00:: | definition=forces that provide energy and direction | examples=the wheels of government began to turn
4. sense_key=wheel%1:06:01:: | definition=a circular helm to control the rudder of a vessel
5. sense_key=wheel%1:06:03:: | definition=game equipment consisting of a wheel with slots that is used for gambling; the wheel rotates horizontally and players bet on which slot the roulette ball will stop in | synonyms=roulette wheel
6. sense_key=wheel%1:06:02:: | definition=an instrument of torture that stretches or disjoints or mutilates victims | synonyms=rack
7. sense_key=wheel%1:06:06:: | definition=a wheeled vehicle that has two wheels and is moved by foot pedals | synonyms=bicycle, bike, cycle

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is: "Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on <t>wheels</t>, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position."
2.  **Identify the target word and its function:** The target word is "wheels" (plural of wheel). It describes the objects ("bells") that are mounted on them. These wheels facilitate the swinging motion of the bells.
3.  **Examine the candidate senses:**
    *   1. `wheel%1:06:00`: "a simple machine consisting of a circular frame with spokes (or a solid disc) that can rotate on a shaft or axle (as in vehicles or other machines)." (General mechanical wheel)
    *   2. `wheel%1:06:05`: "a handwheel that is used for steering." (Specific steering mechanism)
    *   3. `wheel%1:07:00`: "forces that provide energy and direction." (Metaphorical/abstract)
    *   4. `wheel%1:06:01`: "a circular helm to control the rudder of a vessel." (Steering wheel for ships)
    *   5. `wheel%1:06:03`: "game equipment consisting of a wheel with slots that is used for gambling..." (Roulette wheel)
    *   6. `wheel%1:06:02`: "an instrument of torture..." (Torture device)
    *   7. `wheel%1:06:06`: "a wheeled vehicle that has two wheels and is moved by foot pedals." (Bicycle)
4.  **Match context to senses:**
    *   The bells are huge bronze objects that swing. They are mounted on these "wheels."
    *   This requires a mechanical component that allows rotation/swinging.
    *   Sense 1 describes a general rotating mechanical disc/frame, which perfectly fits the function of supporting and allowing the massive bells to swing.
    *   Sense 2 (steering), 4 (helm), 5 (roulette), 6 (torture), and 7 (bicycle) are too specific or irrelevant to the context of bells in a belfry.
    *   Sense 3 (forces) is abstract and incorrect.
5.  **Conclusion:** Sense 1 is the best fit, as it describes the general mechanical structure necessary for the bells to rotate/swing.

6.  **Final check:** The bells are mounted on rotating structures (wheels/axles) that allow them to swing 360 degrees. Sense 1 matches this mechanical function.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: swing
Target surface form: swing
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, <t>swing</t> madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=swing%2:38:02:: | definition=move in a curve or arc, usually with the intent of hitting | examples=He swung his left fist; swing a bat
2. sense_key=swing%2:38:00:: | definition=move or walk in a swinging or swaying manner | synonyms=sway | examples=He swung back
3. sense_key=swing%2:38:03:: | definition=change direction with a swinging motion; turn | examples=swing back; swing forward
4. sense_key=swing%2:41:01:: | definition=influence decisively | synonyms=swing over | examples=This action swung many votes over to his side
5. sense_key=swing%2:35:00:: | definition=make a big sweeping gesture or movement | synonyms=sweep, swing out
6. sense_key=swing%2:42:00:: | definition=hang freely | synonyms=dangle, drop | examples=the ornaments dangled from the tree; The light dropped from the ceiling
7. sense_key=swing%2:33:00:: | definition=hit or aim at with a sweeping arm movement | examples=The soccer player began to swing at the referee
8. sense_key=swing%2:30:08:: | definition=alternate dramatically between high and low values | examples=his mood swings; the market is swinging up and down
9. sense_key=swing%2:42:01:: | definition=live in a lively, modern, and relaxed style | examples=The Woodstock generation attempted to swing freely
10. sense_key=swing%2:42:10:: | definition=have a certain musical rhythm | examples=The music has to swing
11. sense_key=swing%2:41:00:: | definition=be a social swinger; socialize a lot | synonyms=get around
12. sense_key=swing%2:36:03:: | definition=play with a subtle and intuitively felt sense of rhythm
13. sense_key=swing%2:35:08:: | definition=engage freely in promiscuous sex, often with the husband or wife of one's friends | examples=There were many swinging couples in the 1960's

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "swing" in the provided context.

Context: "Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, <t>swing</t> madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change."

The word "swing" refers to the movement of large bronze bells mounted on wheels, moving through a full 360 degrees.

Let's analyze the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=swing%2:38:02:: | definition=move in a curve or arc, usually with the intent of hitting | examples=He swung his left fist; swing a bat (Focuses on hitting/impact)
2. sense_key=swing%2:38:00:: | definition=move or walk in a swinging or swaying manner | synonyms=sway | examples=He swung back (General swaying motion)
3. sense_key=swing%2:38:03:: | definition=change direction with a swinging motion; turn | examples=swing back; swing forward (Focuses on changing direction)
4. sense_key=swing%2:41:01:: | definition=influence decisively | synonyms=swing over | examples=This action swung many votes over to his side (Figurative influence)
5. sense_key=swing%2:35:00:: | definition=make a big sweeping gesture or movement | synonyms=sweep, swing out (Gesture)
6. sense_key=swing%2:42:00:: | definition=hang freely | synonyms=dangle, drop | examples=the ornaments dangled from the tree; The light dropped from the ceiling (Passive hanging)
7. sense_key=swing%2:33:00:: | definition=hit or aim at with a sweeping arm movement | examples=The soccer player began to swing at the referee (Hitting)
8. sense_key=swing%2:30:08:: | definition=alternate dramatically between high and low values | examples=his mood swings; the market is swinging up and down (Fluctuation)
9. sense_key=swing%2:42:01:: | definition=live in a lively, modern, and relaxed style | examples=The Woodstock generation attempted to swing freely (Lifestyle)
10. sense_key=swing%2:42:10:: | definition=have a certain musical rhythm | examples=The music has to swing (Rhythm)
11. sense_key=swing%2:41:00:: | definition=be a social swinger; socialize a lot | synonyms=get around (Social activity)
12. sense_key=swing%2:36:03:: | definition=play with a subtle and intuitively felt sense of rhythm (Similar to 10, but more about playing)
13. sense_key=swing%2:35:08:: | definition=engage freely in promiscuous sex, often with the husband or wife of one's friends | examples=There were many swinging couples in the 1960's (Social activity)

The bells are moving "madly through a full 360 degrees." This is a clear description of a rotational or arc movement.

Sense 2: "move or walk in a swinging or swaying manner." This captures the general idea of movement in an arc/sway.
Sense 3: "change direction with a swinging motion; turn." While they are turning, the primary action described is the continuous arc movement (360 degrees).
Sense 1: "move in a curve or arc, usually with the intent of hitting." The context does not imply hitting.
Sense 2 seems the most general and appropriate description for the physical motion of the bells. They are swaying/swinging through an arc.

Let's compare Sense 2 and Sense 3.
Sense 2: "move or walk in a swinging or swaying manner." (Focus on the manner of movement)
Sense 3: "change direction with a swinging motion; turn." (Focus on the change of direction)

Since the bells are completing a full 360 degrees, they are continuously moving in an arc/sway, which aligns perfectly with Sense 2. While they are turning (Sense 3), the description emphasizes the physical motion itself ("swing madly through a full 360 degrees").

Sense 2 is the best fit for describing the physical, non-impact, rotational movement of the bells.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: madly
Target surface form: madly
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing <t>madly</t> through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=madly%4:02:02:: | definition=in an uncontrolled manner | synonyms=frantically | examples=she fought back madly
2. sense_key=madly%4:02:01:: | definition=in an insane manner | synonyms=insanely, crazily, dementedly | examples=she behaved insanely; he behaves crazily when he is off his medication
3. sense_key=madly%4:02:00:: | definition=(used as intensives) extremely | synonyms=insanely, deadly, deucedly, devilishly | examples=she was madly in love; deadly dull

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "madly" based on the provided context and candidate senses.

Context: "Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing <t>madly</t> through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change."

Target word: madly

Candidate Senses:
1. sense_key=madly%4:02:02:: | definition=in an uncontrolled manner | synonyms=frantically | examples=she fought back madly
2. sense_key=madly%4:02:01:: | definition=in an insane manner | synonyms=insanely, crazily, dementedly | examples=she behaved insanely; he behaves crazily when he is off his medication
3. sense_key=madly%4:02:00:: | definition=(used as intensives) extremely | synonyms=insanely, deadly, deucedly, devilishly | examples=she was madly in love; deadly dull

Analysis:
The word "madly" modifies the verb "swing." The bells are swinging through a full 360 degrees.

1. Sense 1 (in an uncontrolled manner / frantically): This fits the idea of vigorous, perhaps chaotic, movement. Bells swinging through 360 degrees, especially if they are being manipulated by skilled ringers to achieve specific changes, could be described as swinging wildly or uncontrollably in a dynamic sense.
2. Sense 2 (in an insane manner): This relates to mental state. It is highly unlikely that the physical swinging of bells is described as being "insane" in the sense of mental illness.
3. Sense 3 (extremely / intensives): This sense means "very." If the bells swing "madly," it could mean they swing "extremely" or "very" (e.g., "The bells swung madly fast").

Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 3:
If the context implies the *manner* of swinging (wildly, vigorously, without restraint), Sense 1 ("in an uncontrolled manner") is appropriate.
If the context implies the *degree* of swinging (very much), Sense 3 ("extremely") is appropriate.

The description focuses on the physical action: "swing madly through a full 360 degrees." While "extremely" (Sense 3) is possible, "uncontrolled manner" (Sense 1) often captures the dynamic, vigorous, and sometimes chaotic nature of a large object swinging rapidly, especially when the movement is described as covering a full circle.

Let's re-examine the examples and typical usage.
Sense 3 examples: "she was madly in love" (intensifier of emotion).
Sense 1 examples: "she fought back madly" (uncontrolled, frantic action).

In the context of physical movement (swinging), "uncontrolled manner" (Sense 1) is a very strong fit for describing the dynamic motion of large bells. While Sense 3 (intensifier) is possible, Sense 1 describes *how* they swing, which is a more precise fit for the physical description than just saying they swing "very much."

However, let's consider the possibility of Sense 3 being used as an intensifier for the *speed* or *extent* of the swing. If the bells are swinging rapidly and fully, "madly" could mean "extremely."

If I must choose the *single best* sense:
The movement is described as covering a "full 360 degrees." This suggests a complete, vigorous, and perhaps rapid cycle.
Sense 1: "in an uncontrolled manner." This suggests wildness or lack of precision, which might contradict the fact that skilled ringers are controlling the movement ("Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing").
Sense 3: "extremely." This suggests high degree/intensity. This fits the idea of a powerful, full, and rapid swing.

Let's lean towards Sense 3, as it functions as an adverbial intensifier, which is a common usage of "madly" when describing the intensity of an action, even if that action is technically controlled. The movement is described as covering a full 360 degrees, implying maximum extent/intensity.

Final check:
Context: bells swing madly through a full 360 degrees.
Sense 3: (used as intensives) extremely. -> The bells swing extremely through a full 360 degrees. (Makes sense).
Sense 1: in an uncontrolled manner. -> The bells swing in an uncontrolled manner through a full 360 degrees. (Less likely, given the mention of skilled control).

Sense 3 is the most robust fit for describing the intensity of the physical action.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: full
Target surface form: full
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a <t>full</t> 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=full%3:00:00:: | definition=containing as much or as many as is possible or normal | examples=a full glass; a sky full of stars
2. sense_key=full%5:00:01:whole:00 | definition=constituting the full quantity or extent; complete | synonyms=entire, total | examples=an entire town devastated by an earthquake; gave full attention
3. sense_key=full%5:00:00:complete:00 | definition=complete in extent or degree and in every particular | synonyms=total | examples=a full game; a total eclipse
4. sense_key=full%5:00:00:nourished:00 | definition=filled to satisfaction with food or drink | synonyms=replete | examples=a full stomach
5. sense_key=full%3:00:01:: | definition=(of sound) having marked deepness and body | examples=full tones; a full voice
6. sense_key=full%5:00:00:ample:00 | definition=having the normally expected amount | synonyms=good | examples=gives full measure; gives good measure
7. sense_key=full%5:00:00:high:02 | definition=being at a peak or culminating point | synonyms=broad | examples=broad daylight; full summer
8. sense_key=full%5:00:02:ample:00 | definition=having ample fabric | synonyms=wide, wide-cut | examples=the current taste for wide trousers; a full skirt

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "full" in the given context.

Context: "Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a <t>full</t> 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position."

Target word: full
Contextual meaning: "full 360 degrees" refers to the extent or range of the swing.

Candidate senses analysis:
1. `full%3:00:00`: containing as much or as many as is possible or normal (e.g., a full glass). Not about extent of movement.
2. `full%5:00:01:whole:00`: constituting the full quantity or extent; complete (synonyms: entire, total). This fits well with "full 360 degrees" meaning the entire range.
3. `full%5:00:00:complete:00`: complete in extent or degree and in every particular (synonyms: total). This also fits well, emphasizing completeness of the rotation.
4. `full%5:00:00:nourished:00`: filled to satisfaction with food or drink. Irrelevant.
5. `full%3:00:01`: (of sound) having marked deepness and body. Irrelevant.
6. `full%5:00:00:ample:00`: having the normally expected amount (synonyms: good). Less precise than 'whole' or 'complete' for a specific angular measurement like 360 degrees.
7. `full%5:00:00:high:02`: being at a peak or culminating point. Irrelevant.
8. `full%5:00:02:ample:00`: having ample fabric. Irrelevant.

Comparing candidates 2 and 3:
Candidate 2 (`whole:00`): "constituting the full quantity or extent; complete".
Candidate 3 (`complete:00`): "complete in extent or degree and in every particular".

In the phrase "full 360 degrees," the meaning is that the swing covers the entire possible range (360 degrees). Both 'whole' and 'complete' capture this idea of totality or full extent.

Let's check the examples for 2 and 3.
2: "an entire town devastated by an earthquake; gave full attention" (Focus on totality/extent).
3: "a full game; a total eclipse" (Focus on completeness).

Since 360 degrees is the maximum possible extent of a full rotation, both senses are highly applicable. However, 'complete' (Sense 3) often emphasizes the state of being finished or having reached the maximum extent, which aligns perfectly with a full cycle of rotation. 'Whole' (Sense 2) is also strong.

If I must choose the single best fit, 'complete' (Sense 3) seems slightly more precise when describing the completion of a cycle or extent, especially when paired with a specific maximum value like 360 degrees.

Let's select Sense 3.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: degree
Target surface form: degrees
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 <t>degrees</t>, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=degree%1:07:00:: | definition=a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality | synonyms=grade, level | examples=a moderate grade of intelligence; a high level of care is required
2. sense_key=degree%1:26:01:: | definition=a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process | synonyms=level, stage, point | examples=a remarkable degree of frankness; at what stage are the social sciences?
3. sense_key=degree%1:10:00:: | definition=an award conferred by a college or university signifying that the recipient has satisfactorily completed a course of study | synonyms=academic degree | examples=he earned his degree at Princeton summa cum laude
4. sense_key=degree%1:23:00:: | definition=a measure for arcs and angles | synonyms=arcdegree | examples=there are 360 degrees in a circle
5. sense_key=degree%1:09:00:: | definition=the highest power of a term or variable
6. sense_key=degree%1:23:03:: | definition=a unit of temperature on a specified scale | examples=the game was played in spite of the 40-degree temperature
7. sense_key=degree%1:07:01:: | definition=the seriousness of something (e.g., a burn or crime) | examples=murder in the second degree; a second degree burn

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "degrees" (lemma: degree) based on the provided context.

Context:
"...Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 <t>degrees</t>, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change."

Target word: degrees (plural of degree)

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=degree%1:07:00:: | definition=a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality | synonyms=grade, level | examples=a moderate grade of intelligence; a high level of care is required (Relates to quality/intensity)
2. sense_key=degree%1:26:01:: | definition=a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process | synonyms=level, stage, point | examples=a remarkable degree of frankness; at what stage are the social sciences? (Relates to stage/level)
3. sense_key=degree%1:10:00:: | definition=an award conferred by a college or university signifying that the recipient has satisfactorily completed a course of study | synonyms=academic degree | examples=he earned his degree at Princeton summa cum laude (Academic award)
4. sense_key=degree%1:23:00:: | definition=a measure for arcs and angles | synonyms=arcdegree | examples=there are 360 degrees in a circle (Measurement of angles)
5. sense_key=degree%1:09:00:: | definition=the highest power of a term or variable (Mathematical exponent)
6. sense_key=degree%1:23:03:: | definition=a unit of temperature on a specified scale | examples=the game was played in spite of the 40-degree temperature (Temperature unit)
7. sense_key=degree%1:07:01:: | definition=the seriousness of something (e.g., a burn or crime) | examples=murder in the second degree; a second degree burn (Severity)

Analysis of the context:
The context describes bells swinging through a full 360 degrees. This movement is described in terms of rotation and position (inverted, mouth-up position).

Matching the context to the senses:
*   Sense 1 & 2 (Intensity/Stage): Not relevant to physical rotation.
*   Sense 3 (Academic award): Not relevant.
*   Sense 4 (Measure for arcs and angles): Highly relevant. The phrase "360 degrees" is a standard measurement for a full circle/rotation.
*   Sense 5 (Power/Exponent): Not relevant.
*   Sense 6 (Temperature): Not relevant.
*   Sense 7 (Seriousness): Not relevant.

The best fit is Sense 4, which defines degree as a measure for arcs and angles, and the example provided ("there are 360 degrees in a circle") directly supports the usage in the text ("swing madly through a full 360 degrees").

The required output format is a JSON object with the sense index. Sense 4 corresponds to index 4.