[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: glass
Target surface form: glass
Context:
"Of course it looked like an accident. I always work it that way -- and always at a time when the customer has an alibi. Let me prove it, Phil. I think I can manage one more favor for you ". He waited eagerly. Haney swished the liquor in the bottom of his <t>glass</t>.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=glass%1:27:00:: | definition=a brittle transparent solid with irregular atomic structure
2. sense_key=glass%1:06:00:: | definition=a container for holding liquids while drinking | synonyms=drinking glass
3. sense_key=glass%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity a glass will hold | synonyms=glassful
4. sense_key=glass%1:06:03:: | definition=a small refracting telescope | synonyms=field glass, spyglass
5. sense_key=glass%1:06:01:: | definition=an amphetamine derivative (trade name Methedrine) used in the form of a crystalline hydrochloride; used as a stimulant to the nervous system and as an appetite suppressant | synonyms=methamphetamine, methamphetamine hydrochloride, Methedrine, meth, deoxyephedrine, chalk
6. sense_key=glass%1:06:02:: | definition=a mirror; usually a ladies' dressing mirror | synonyms=looking glass
7. sense_key=glass%1:06:04:: | definition=glassware collectively | examples=She collected old glass

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "glass" in the given context.

Context: "Of course it looked like an accident. I always work it that way -- and always at a time when the customer has an alibi. Let me prove it, Phil. I think I can manage one more favor for you ". He waited eagerly. Haney swished the liquor in the bottom of his <t>glass</t>.

Target word: glass

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=glass%1:27:00:: | definition=a brittle transparent solid with irregular atomic structure (Material)
2. sense_key=glass%1:06:00:: | definition=a container for holding liquids while drinking | synonyms=drinking glass (Drinking vessel)
3. sense_key=glass%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity a glass will hold | synonyms=glassful (Measurement)
4. sense_key=glass%1:06:03:: | definition=a small refracting telescope | synonyms=field glass, spyglass (Optical instrument)
5. sense_key=glass%1:06:01:: | definition=an amphetamine derivative... (Drug)
6. sense_key=glass%1:06:02:: | definition=a mirror; usually a ladies' dressing mirror | synonyms=looking glass (Reflective surface)
7. sense_key=glass%1:06:04:: | definition=glassware collectively (Collection of items)

Analysis of the context:
"Haney swished the liquor in the bottom of his glass."

The word "liquor" is present. The action is "swished... in the bottom of his glass." This strongly indicates that the "glass" is a vessel used for holding and consuming liquids.

Matching with candidates:
1. Material (brittle transparent solid): Incorrect. It's a container, not just the material itself.
2. Container for holding liquids while drinking: Matches perfectly. "Liquor" is a liquid, and "swished" implies drinking/holding. Synonyms include "drinking glass."
3. Quantity: Incorrect. The context refers to the physical object ("his glass"), not the amount ("a glassful").
4. Telescope: Incorrect.
5. Drug: Incorrect.
6. Mirror: Incorrect.
7. Glassware collectively: Incorrect. It refers to a single item ("his glass").

The best fit is sense 2.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rout
Target surface form: rout
Context:
Tuesday's <t>rout</t> of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rout%1:14:00:: | definition=a disorderly crowd of people | synonyms=mob, rabble
2. sense_key=rout%1:11:00:: | definition=an overwhelming defeat

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 2
}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 2
}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target word: "rout"
    *   Context: "Tuesday's <t>rout</t> of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political 'ticket splitting 'has been on the rise over the past half century."
    *   The context discusses a "GOP congressional hopeful" and a political outcome ("ticket splitting").

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   Sense 1: `sense_key=rout%1:14:00:: | definition=a disorderly crowd of people | synonyms=mob, rabble` (Relates to people/crowds).
    *   Sense 2: `sense_key=rout%1:11:00:: | definition=an overwhelming defeat` (Relates to military/political failure/loss).

3.  **Determine the meaning in context:**
    *   The phrase is "Tuesday's [rout] of a GOP congressional hopeful."
    *   A "congressional hopeful" is a political candidate.
    *   The context is about political voting patterns and "ticket splitting."
    *   If the candidate experienced a "disorderly crowd" (Sense 1), the phrasing would likely be different (e.g., "a riot surrounding the hopeful").
    *   If the candidate experienced an "overwhelming defeat" (Sense 2), this fits perfectly with the political context of an election loss.

4.  **Select the best sense:**
    *   Sense 2 ("an overwhelming defeat") is the correct interpretation.

5.  **Format the output:**
    *   The instruction requires returning a JSON object with the sense index.
    *   Sense 2 corresponds to index 2 (if counting from 1).

6.  **Final check:**
    *   Target: rout
    *   Context: political election loss.
    *   Chosen sense: overwhelming defeat. (Matches)

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: back
Target surface form: backed
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't <t>backed</t> a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=back%2:41:00:: | definition=be behind; approve of | synonyms=endorse, indorse, plump for, plunk for, support | examples=He plumped for the Labor Party; I backed Kennedy in 1960
2. sense_key=back%2:38:00:: | definition=travel backward | examples=back into the driveway; The car backed up and hit the tree
3. sense_key=back%2:41:01:: | definition=give support or one's approval to | synonyms=second, endorse, indorse | examples=I'll second that motion; I can't back this plan
4. sense_key=back%2:38:01:: | definition=cause to travel backward | examples=back the car into the parking spot
5. sense_key=back%2:40:00:: | definition=support financial backing for | examples=back this enterprise
6. sense_key=back%2:42:00:: | definition=be in back of | examples=My garage backs their yard
7. sense_key=back%2:33:00:: | definition=place a bet on | synonyms=bet on, gage, stake, game, punt | examples=Which horse are you backing?; I'm betting on the new horse
8. sense_key=back%2:30:03:: | definition=shift to a counterclockwise direction | examples=the wind backed
9. sense_key=back%2:30:00:: | definition=establish as valid or genuine | synonyms=back up | examples=Can you back up your claims?
10. sense_key=back%2:30:01:: | definition=strengthen by providing with a back or backing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "backed" in the given context.
The target lemma is "back".
The target surface form is "backed".
The context is: "Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't <t>backed</t> a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives."

1.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence discusses a political district ("Mississippi district") that "hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson." The surrounding text talks about "GOP congressional hopeful," "Democratic presidential candidate," and "political 'ticket splitting'."
2.  **Determine the meaning of "backed" in this context:** In a political context, when a district or group "backs" a candidate, it means they support or endorse that candidate.
3.  **Examine the candidate senses:**
    *   1. sense_key=back%2:41:00:: | definition=be behind; approve of | synonyms=endorse, indorse, plump for, plunk for, support | examples=He plumped for the Labor Party; I backed Kennedy in 1960 (This is a strong match: approval/support).
    *   2. sense_key=back%2:38:00:: | definition=travel backward | (Irrelevant - physical movement).
    *   3. sense_key=back%2:41:01:: | definition=give support or one's approval to | synonyms=second, endorse, indorse | examples=I'll second that motion; I can't back this plan (This is also a very strong match: giving support/approval).
    *   4. sense_key=back%2:38:01:: | definition=cause to travel backward | (Irrelevant - physical movement).
    *   5. sense_key=back%2:40:00:: | definition=support financial backing for | (Possible, but the context is political support, not necessarily financial).
    *   6. sense_key=back%2:42:00:: | definition=be in back of | (Irrelevant - physical location).
    *   7. sense_key=back%2:33:00:: | definition=place a bet on | (Irrelevant - gambling).
    *   8. sense_key=back%2:30:03:: | definition=shift to a counterclockwise direction | (Irrelevant - movement).
    *   9. sense_key=back%2:30:00:: | definition=establish as valid or genuine | (Irrelevant - validation).
    *   10. sense_key=back%2:30:01:: | definition=strengthen by providing with a back or backing | (Irrelevant - structural support).

4.  **Compare the best matches (Sense 1 and Sense 3):**
    *   Sense 1: "be behind; approve of" (Synonyms: endorse, support).
    *   Sense 3: "give support or one's approval to" (Synonyms: second, endorse).

    Both senses capture the meaning of political endorsement/support. Sense 3 ("give support or one's approval to") is perhaps slightly more precise for the action of a district *choosing* or *supporting* a candidate, aligning perfectly with the political context of "ticket splitting." Sense 1 is also correct, but Sense 3 is a very direct definition of the action required here.

5.  **Final Selection:** Sense 3 is the most accurate and specific fit for political endorsement.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: democratic
Target surface form: Democratic
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a <t>Democratic</t> presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=democratic%3:00:00:: | definition=characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality; ; ; - George du Maurier | examples=democratic government; a democratic country
2. sense_key=democratic%3:01:00:: | definition=belong to or relating to the Democratic Party | examples=Democratic senator
3. sense_key=democratic%5:00:00:common:01 | definition=representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large | synonyms=popular | examples=democratic art forms; a democratic or popular movement

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Thinking Process:

1.  **Analyze the Target Word and Context:**
    *   Target word: "Democratic"
    *   Context: "Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a <t>Democratic</t> presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political 'ticket splitting 'has been on the rise over the past half century."
    *   Key elements in the context: "GOP congressional hopeful," "Mississippi district," "presidential candidate," "political 'ticket splitting'."

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1 (democratic%3:00:00):** "characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality." (Focus: Political philosophy/system).
        *   *Fit Check:* While the US system is democratic, the context is specifically about *which party* the district backed for the *presidential candidate*. This sense is too broad (systemic democracy) and doesn't capture the party affiliation implied by the surrounding text (GOP vs. Democratic).

    *   **Sense 2 (democratic%3:01:00):** "belong to or relating to the Democratic Party." (Focus: Specific US political party affiliation).
        *   *Fit Check:* The context mentions a district that hasn't backed a "Democratic presidential candidate." In American political discourse, when discussing candidates and parties (GOP vs. Democratic), "Democratic" almost exclusively refers to the Democratic Party. This is a very strong fit.

    *   **Sense 3 (democratic%5:00:00):** "representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large." (Synonyms: popular). (Focus: Populism/Accessibility).
        *   *Fit Check:* This sense relates to "popular" or "mass appeal." While the Democratic Party often claims to represent the people, the immediate contrast in the sentence is between the GOP and the *Democratic* candidate. The context is about party allegiance, not necessarily the *nature* of the appeal (i.e., whether it is "popular" in a general sense).

3.  **Compare and Select the Best Sense:**
    *   The context is a discussion of US political parties (GOP vs. Democratic) and voting patterns ("ticket splitting").
    *   Sense 2 directly addresses the specific political party affiliation ("Democratic Party") which is the clear meaning in this political context.
    *   Sense 1 is too abstract (democracy as a system).
    *   Sense 3 is too general (popular appeal).

4.  **Conclusion:** Sense 2 is the most precise and contextually appropriate choice.

5.  **Format the Output:** (Ensure the output matches the required JSON structure).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: presidential
Target surface form: presidential
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic <t>presidential</t> candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=presidential%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to a president or presidency | examples=presidential aides; presidential veto
2. sense_key=presidential%3:00:00:: | definition=befitting a president | examples=criticized the candidate for not looking presidential

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
"sense_index": 1
}
```

content:
```json
{
"sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the target word "presidential" based on the provided context and candidate senses.

Target word: presidential
Context: "Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic <t>presidential</t> candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives."

Candidate Senses:
1. sense_key=presidential%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to a president or presidency | examples=presidential aides; presidential veto
2. sense_key=presidential%3:00:00:: | definition=befitting a president | examples=criticized the candidate for not looking presidential

Analysis:
The context discusses voting patterns, specifically regarding candidates for the White House (the presidency) and candidates for Congress. The phrase is "Democratic presidential candidate."

Sense 1: "relating to a president or presidency." This fits perfectly. A "presidential candidate" is a candidate running for the office of president.
Sense 2: "befitting a president." This relates to demeanor or quality (e.g., "a presidential manner"). This does not fit the context of identifying a candidate for a specific office.

Conclusion: Sense 1 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: candidate
Target surface form: candidate
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential <t>candidate</t> since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=candidate%1:18:01:: | definition=a politician who is running for public office | synonyms=campaigner, nominee
2. sense_key=candidate%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) | synonyms=prospect

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target word: "candidate"
    *   Context: "Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential <t>candidate</t> since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political 'ticket splitting 'has been on the rise over the past half century."
    *   The context discusses political elections, GOP hopefuls, congressional districts, and presidential elections (Adlai Stevenson).

2.  **Analyze the available senses:**
    *   Sense 1: `candidate%1:18:01` :: definition=a politician who is running for public office | synonyms=campaigner, nominee
    *   Sense 2: `candidate%1:18:00` :: definition=someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) | synonyms=prospect

3.  **Determine the best fit:**
    *   The phrase is "Democratic presidential candidate."
    *   The context is entirely about political races and elections.
    *   Sense 1 defines a politician running for public office (campaigner, nominee). This perfectly matches the political context of a "presidential candidate."
    *   Sense 2 defines someone who is *considered* for something (a prospect). While a candidate is a prospect, the specific usage here ("presidential candidate") refers to the active participant in the election, which aligns much better with Sense 1.

4.  **Select the best sense:** Sense 1.

5.  **Format the output:** The instructions require a JSON object with the sense index. Since the provided senses are numbered 1 and 2, the index is 1. (Wait, the instructions ask for the JSON format `{"sense_index": 3}` but only two senses are provided. I must use the index corresponding to the chosen sense, which is 1.)

*Self-Correction/Review:* The prompt structure is slightly confusing regarding the expected output index (it shows `{"sense_index": 3}` as an example, but only 2 senses are listed). I will assume the index refers to the numbered list provided (1 or 2). I chose Sense 1.

Final choice: Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: reminder
Target surface form: reminder
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another <t>reminder</t> that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=reminder%1:10:00:: | definition=a message that helps you remember something | examples=he ignored his wife's reminders
2. sense_key=reminder%1:09:00:: | definition=an experience that causes you to remember something
3. sense_key=reminder%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who gives a warning so that a mistake can be avoided | synonyms=admonisher, monitor

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 2
}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target word: "reminder"
    *   Context: "Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another <t>reminder</t> that, at least at the federal level, political 'ticket splitting' has been on the rise over the past half century."
    *   The context describes a political event (a rout/election result) and uses "reminder" to refer to what that event signifies about political trends ("ticket splitting has been on the rise").

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   **Sense 1 (reminder%1:10:00):** "a message that helps you remember something." (Focuses on literal prompts/notes.)
    *   **Sense 2 (reminder%1:09:00):** "an experience that causes you to remember something." (Focuses on an event or observation that serves as a prompt for reflection/memory.)
    *   **Sense 3 (reminder%1:18:00):** "someone who gives a warning so that a mistake can be avoided." (Focuses on a person/admonisher.)

3.  **Match the context to the senses:**
    *   The context uses "reminder" to refer to the *event* (the rout/election result).
    *   This event is not a literal message (Sense 1).
    *   This event is not a person giving a warning (Sense 3).
    *   The event *serves* as a prompt or evidence that makes the reader remember/realize the trend of "ticket splitting." This perfectly matches the definition of Sense 2: "an experience that causes you to remember something."

4.  **Conclusion:** Sense 2 is the best fit.

5.  **Format the output:** Return the JSON object with the correct sense index.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: federal
Target surface form: federal
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the <t>federal</t> level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=federal%5:00:00:national:01 | definition=national; especially in reference to the government of the United States as distinct from that of its member units | examples=the Federal Bureau of Investigation; federal courts
2. sense_key=federal%3:01:02:: | definition=of or relating to the central government of a federation | examples=a federal district is one set aside as the seat of the national government
3. sense_key=federal%5:00:00:northern:02 | definition=being of or having to do with the northern United States and those loyal to the Union during the American Civil War | synonyms=Union | examples=Union soldiers; Federal forces
4. sense_key=federal%3:00:00:: | definition=characterized by or constituting a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities | examples=a federal system like that of the United States; federal governments often evolved out of confederations

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "federal" based on the provided context and candidate senses.

Context: "Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the <t>federal</t> level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives."

Target word: federal

Analysis of the context:
The context discusses political elections, congressional districts, presidential candidates, and the rise of "ticket splitting." The phrase "at least at the federal level" refers to the scope of these political phenomena (elections, congressional representation, presidential candidates).

Analysis of candidate senses:

1. `sense_key=federal%5:00:00:national:01`: definition=national; especially in reference to the government of the United States as distinct from that of its member units. Examples: the Federal Bureau of Investigation; federal courts.
    * This sense relates to the national government of the US. This fits the context of national elections and congressional/presidential politics.

2. `sense_key=federal%3:01:02::`: definition=of or relating to the central government of a federation. Examples: a federal district is one set aside as the seat of the national government.
    * This is very similar to sense 1, focusing on the central government structure.

3. `sense_key=federal%5:00:00:northern:02`: definition=being of or having to do with the northern United States and those loyal to the Union during the American Civil War. Synonyms=Union.
    * This refers to the Civil War era and regional identity (Northern/Union). This is irrelevant to the modern political context provided.

4. `sense_key=federal%3:00:00::`: definition=characterized by or constituting a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities. Examples: a federal system like that of the United States; federal governments often evolved out of confederations.
    * This refers to the *system* of government (federalism). While the context is about the *level* of government, this sense describes the structure itself.

Comparison:
The phrase "at the federal level" typically means "at the level of the national government" (as opposed to state or local government).

Sense 1: "national; especially in reference to the government of the United States as distinct from that of its member units." This perfectly captures the meaning of "federal level" in a political context discussing national elections.
Sense 2: "of or relating to the central government of a federation." This is also highly relevant, but Sense 1 uses the term "national" which is often the most direct interpretation of "federal level" in US political discourse.
Sense 4: Describes the *system* (federalism), not the *level* of operation.

Sense 1 is the most precise fit for "at the federal level" when discussing national political outcomes (presidential candidates, congressional districts).

Conclusion: Sense 1 is the best choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: level
Target surface form: level
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal <t>level</t>, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=level%1:07:00:: | definition=a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality | synonyms=degree, grade | examples=a moderate grade of intelligence; a high level of care is required
2. sense_key=level%1:26:01:: | definition=a relative position or degree of value in a graded group | synonyms=grade, tier | examples=lumber of the highest grade
3. sense_key=level%1:26:00:: | definition=a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process | synonyms=degree, stage, point | examples=a remarkable degree of frankness; at what stage are the social sciences?
4. sense_key=level%1:07:01:: | definition=height above ground | examples=the water reached ankle level; the pictures were at the same level
5. sense_key=level%1:06:00:: | definition=indicator that establishes the horizontal when a bubble is centered in a tube of liquid | synonyms=spirit level
6. sense_key=level%1:06:03:: | definition=a flat surface at right angles to a plumb line | synonyms=horizontal surface | examples=park the car on the level
7. sense_key=level%1:09:00:: | definition=an abstract place usually conceived as having depth | synonyms=layer, stratum | examples=a good actor communicates on several levels; a simile has at least two layers of meaning
8. sense_key=level%1:06:01:: | definition=a structure consisting of a room or set of rooms at a single position along a vertical scale | synonyms=floor, storey, story | examples=what level is the office on?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "level" in the given context.

Context: "Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal <t>level</t>, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century."

Target word: level

The phrase is "at the federal level". This phrase typically refers to a sphere of operation, scope, or scale of governance (federal vs. state vs. local).

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. **level%1:07:00:** a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality (synonyms: degree, grade). *Fits the idea of scale/scope.*
2. **level%1:26:01:** a relative position or degree of value in a graded group (synonyms: grade, tier). *More about ranking/grouping.*
3. **level%1:26:00:** a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process (synonyms: degree, stage, point). *Fits the idea of a specific point in a continuum/scale.*
4. **level%1:07:01:** height above ground. *Physical height. Incorrect.*
5. **level%1:06:00:** indicator that establishes the horizontal. *Tool/measurement. Incorrect.*
6. **level%1:06:03:** a flat surface at right angles to a plumb line. *Physical surface. Incorrect.*
7. **level%1:09:00:** an abstract place usually conceived as having depth (synonyms: layer, stratum). *Can refer to layers, but usually abstract meaning/depth. Less likely for "federal level" in a political context.*
8. **level%1:06:01:** a structure consisting of a room or set of rooms at a single position along a vertical scale (synonyms: floor, storey, story). *Architectural. Incorrect.*

Comparing 1 and 3:
The context "at the federal level" means "at the scale of federal government" or "at the degree/scope of federal politics."

Sense 1: "a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality" (degree, grade). This captures the idea of scope or scale (e.g., local level, state level, federal level).
Sense 3: "a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process" (degree, stage, point). This also captures scale, but often implies a progression or specific point in a process.

In the phrase "at the federal level," "level" functions as a marker of scope or scale within a hierarchy (local < state < federal). Both 1 and 3 are plausible, but Sense 1, focusing on "a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality," seems to be the most general and appropriate fit for defining the scope of political activity (the scale of governance).

Let's re-examine the examples for Sense 1: "a moderate grade of intelligence; a high level of care is required." This usage clearly relates to degree/scale.
Let's re-examine the examples for Sense 3: "a remarkable degree of frankness; at what stage are the social sciences?" This usage relates to a specific point or stage.

Since "federal level" defines the *scope* or *scale* of the discussion (political ticket splitting), Sense 1 is the better fit for defining that scale.

I will choose Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: political
Target surface form: political
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, <t>political</t> "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=political%3:00:00:: | definition=involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians; - Daniel Goleman | examples=calling a meeting is a political act in itself; political pressure
2. sense_key=political%3:01:01:: | definition=of or relating to your views about social relationships involving authority or power | examples=political opinions
3. sense_key=political%3:01:02:: | definition=of or relating to the profession of governing | examples=political career

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the target word "political" in the given context.

Context: "Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, **political** "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives."

Target word: political

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=political%3:00:00:: | definition=involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians; - Daniel Goleman | examples=calling a meeting is a political act in itself; political pressure
2. sense_key=political%3:01:01:: | definition=of or relating to your views about social relationships involving authority or power | examples=political opinions
3. sense_key=political%3:01:02:: | definition=of or relating to the profession of governing | examples=political career

Analysis:
The context discusses "GOP congressional hopeful," "Democratic presidential candidate," "federal level," "ticket splitting," and "congressional districts." These terms relate directly to political parties, elections, and the system of governance.

The phrase is "political 'ticket splitting'". Ticket splitting refers to voters choosing candidates from different parties for different offices (e.g., one party for President, another for Congress). This is fundamentally about the structure and dynamics of political parties and elections.

Let's evaluate the senses:
1. **sense_key=political%3:00:00**: "involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians." This perfectly matches the context of elections, parties (GOP, Democratic), and the political process ("ticket splitting").
2. **sense_key=political%3:01:01**: "of or relating to your views about social relationships involving authority or power." This relates more to ideology or political philosophy (e.g., "political views"), not the mechanics of voting behavior described here.
3. **sense_key=political%3:01:02**: "of or relating to the profession of governing." This relates to the job or career (e.g., "political career"), which is too narrow for the general concept of "ticket splitting."

Conclusion: Sense 1 is the best fit as it covers the involvement of parties and the general political process described in the text.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: past
Target surface form: past
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the <t>past</t> half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=past%3:00:00:: | definition=earlier than the present time; no longer current | examples=time past; his youth is past
2. sense_key=past%5:00:00:outgoing:00 | definition=of a person who has held and relinquished a position or office | synonyms=preceding, retiring | examples=a retiring member of the board

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the target word "past" in the given context.

Context: "Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the <t>past</t> half century."

Target word: "past"

Candidate senses:
1. `sense_key=past%3:00:00:: | definition=earlier than the present time; no longer current | examples=time past; his youth is past`
2. `sense_key=past%5:00:00:outgoing:00 | definition=of a person who has held and relinquished a position or office | synonyms=preceding, retiring | examples=a retiring member of the board`

Analysis:
The phrase is "over the past half century."
"Half century" refers to a duration of time (50 years).
"Past" here modifies the duration, indicating a period that has already occurred, leading up to the present.

Sense 1 definition: "earlier than the present time; no longer current." This fits the temporal meaning of "past" when referring to a period of time.
Sense 1 examples: "time past," "his youth is past."

Sense 2 definition: "of a person who has held and relinquished a position or office." This is related to people retiring or leaving office, which is irrelevant to the context of a time duration ("half century").

Conclusion: Sense 1 is the correct sense.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: presidential
Target surface form: presidential
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one <t>presidential</t> election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=presidential%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to a president or presidency | examples=presidential aides; presidential veto
2. sense_key=presidential%3:00:00:: | definition=befitting a president | examples=criticized the candidate for not looking presidential

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the target word "presidential" based on the provided context and candidate senses.

Target word: presidential
Context: "Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one <t>presidential</t> election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%."

Candidate Senses:
1. sense_key=presidential%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to a president or presidency | examples=presidential aides; presidential veto
2. sense_key=presidential%3:00:00:: | definition=befitting a president | examples=criticized the candidate for not looking presidential

Analysis of the context:
The context discusses elections, congressional districts, candidates, and the White House.
The phrase containing the target word is: "In only one <t>presidential</t> election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives."

The word "presidential" modifies "election year." This election year is characterized by the election of the White House candidate.

Evaluation of senses:
1. **relating to a president or presidency**: This fits perfectly. An "election year" related to the presidency (i.e., a presidential election year).
2. **befitting a president**: This means having the qualities of a president (e.g., dignified, authoritative). This does not fit the context of an "election year."

Conclusion: Sense 1 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: election
Target surface form: election
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential <t>election</t> year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=election%1:04:01:: | definition=a vote to select the winner of a position or political office | examples=the results of the election will be announced tonight
2. sense_key=election%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of selecting someone or something; the exercise of deliberate choice | examples=her election of medicine as a profession
3. sense_key=election%1:26:00:: | definition=the status or fact of being elected | examples=they celebrated his election
4. sense_key=election%1:09:00:: | definition=the predestination of some individuals as objects of divine mercy (especially as conceived by Calvinists)

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Thinking Process:

1.  **Analyze the Target Word and Context:**
    *   Target Lemma: election
    *   Target Surface Form: election
    *   Context: "In only one presidential <t>election</t> year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives."
    *   Key phrases: "presidential election year," "nation's congressional districts," "choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives."

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1 (election%1:04:01):** | definition=a vote to select the winner of a position or political office | examples=the results of the election will be announced tonight.
        *   *Fit:* This definition perfectly matches the context. The context discusses a "presidential election year" where people choose candidates for office (White House/House of Representatives).

    *   **Sense 2 (election%1:04:00):** | definition=the act of selecting someone or something; the exercise of deliberate choice | examples=her election of medicine as a profession.
        *   *Fit:* This is too general (the act of choosing). While an election *is* a choice, the context specifically refers to the formal political event/year.

    *   **Sense 3 (election%1:26:00):** | definition=the status or fact of being elected | examples=they celebrated his election.
        *   *Fit:* This refers to the *result* (being the winner), not the event itself (the year/process). The context is about the *year* when the choice was made.

    *   **Sense 4 (election%1:09:00):** | definition=the predestination of some individuals as objects of divine mercy (especially as conceived by Calvinists) | examples=... (religious context).
        *   *Fit:* Irrelevant.

3.  **Compare and Select the Best Sense:**
    *   The context clearly refers to the political process of choosing candidates for office (President/Congress).
    *   Sense 1 defines this political process: "a vote to select the winner of a position or political office."
    *   Sense 1 is the most precise fit.

4.  **Final Output Generation:** (Must be a JSON object with the sense index).
    *   Sense 1 corresponds to the index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: year
Target surface form: year
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election <t>year</t> prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=year%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days | synonyms=twelvemonth, yr | examples=she is 4 years old; in the year 1920
2. sense_key=year%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity | examples=a school year
3. sense_key=year%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun | examples=a Martian year takes 687 of our days
4. sense_key=year%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who graduate together | synonyms=class | examples=the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "year" in the given context.

Context: "Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election <t>year</t> prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%."

Target word: "year"

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=year%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days | synonyms=twelvemonth, yr | examples=she is 4 years old; in the year 1920
2. sense_key=year%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity | examples=a school year
3. sense_key=year%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun | examples=a Martian year takes 687 of our days
4. sense_key=year%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who graduate together | synonyms=class | examples=the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High

Analysis:
The sentence is: "In only one presidential election <t>year</t> prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives."

The word "year" is used in relation to a specific historical point (1948) and refers to a span of time (an election cycle/period).

1. sense_key=year%1:28:01: This sense defines a period of time containing 365/366 days. This fits the general concept of a calendar year, which is what is implied when discussing elections relative to a specific date (1948).
2. sense_key=year%1:28:02: This sense refers to a specific activity period (e.g., school year). This is irrelevant here.
3. sense_key=year%1:28:00: This sense refers to astronomical revolution time. This is irrelevant here.
4. sense_key=year%1:14:00: This sense refers to a group of students. This is irrelevant here.

The context clearly points to the standard definition of a calendar year (sense 1).

Conclusion: Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: nation
Target surface form: nation
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the <t>nation</t>'s congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=nation%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=state, country, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
2. sense_key=nation%1:14:01:: | definition=the people who live in a nation or country | synonyms=land, country | examples=a statement that sums up the nation's mood; the news was announced to the nation
3. sense_key=nation%1:18:00:: | definition=United States prohibitionist who raided saloons and destroyed bottles of liquor with a hatchet (1846-1911) | synonyms=Carry Nation, Carry Amelia Moore Nation
4. sense_key=nation%1:14:02:: | definition=a federation of tribes (especially Native American tribes) | examples=the Shawnee nation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "nation" in the given context.

Context: "Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the <t>nation</t>'s congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%."

Target word: nation

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=nation%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=state, country, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
2. sense_key=nation%1:14:01:: | definition=the people who live in a nation or country | synonyms=land, country | examples=a statement that sums up the nation's mood; the news was announced to the nation
3. sense_key=nation%1:18:00:: | definition=United States prohibitionist who raided saloons and destroyed bottles of liquor with a hatchet (1846-1911) | synonyms=Carry Nation, Carry Amelia Moore Nation
4. sense_key=nation%1:14:02:: | definition=a federation of tribes (especially Native American tribes) | examples=the Shawnee nation

Analysis:
The context discusses political trends, congressional districts, presidential elections, and party choices ("ticket splitting").
The phrase is "the nation's congressional districts".

1. sense_key=nation%1:14:00: Refers to a country/state (politically organized body). This fits the context of political districts and elections.
2. sense_key=nation%1:14:01: Refers to the people (the inhabitants). While the people *are* the nation, the phrase "the nation's congressional districts" refers to the geographical/political entity whose districts are being discussed.
3. sense_key=nation%1:18:00: Refers to a specific historical group (prohibitionists). This is irrelevant.
4. sense_key=nation%1:14:02: Refers to a federation of tribes. This is irrelevant.

Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 2:
Sense 1 (Country/State): "the nation's congressional districts" -> The country's districts. This is a very common usage in political discourse.
Sense 2 (People): "the nation's congressional districts" -> The people's districts. While grammatically possible, Sense 1 captures the political/geographical scope implied by "congressional districts" better.

The context is entirely about the political structure and electoral behavior of the United States (implied by GOP, Democratic, presidential/congressional elections). Therefore, "nation" refers to the country/political entity.

Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: choose
Target surface form: choose
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts <t>choose</t> a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=choose%2:31:00:: | definition=pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives | synonyms=take, select, pick out | examples=Take any one of these cards; Choose a good husband for your daughter
2. sense_key=choose%2:31:02:: | definition=select as an alternative over another | synonyms=prefer, opt | examples=I always choose the fish over the meat courses in this restaurant; She opted for the job on the East coast
3. sense_key=choose%2:31:01:: | definition=see fit or proper to act in a certain way; decide to act in a certain way | examples=She chose not to attend classes and now she failed the exam

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "choose" in the given context.

Context: "Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts <t>choose</t> a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%."

Target word: choose

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=choose%2:31:00:: | definition=pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives | synonyms=take, select, pick out | examples=Take any one of these cards; Choose a good husband for your daughter
2. sense_key=choose%2:31:02:: | definition=select as an alternative over another | synonyms=prefer, opt | examples=I always choose the fish over the meat courses in this restaurant; She opted for the job on the East coast
3. sense_key=choose%2:31:01:: | definition=see fit or proper to act in a certain way; decide to act in a certain way | examples=She chose not to attend classes and now she failed the exam

Analysis of the context:
The sentence is: "In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives."

The action described is that a congressional district (a political entity/voting body) selected one candidate (for the White House) over another (the party's candidate for the House of Representatives). This is a selection process involving alternatives (different party's candidate vs. the expected party's candidate).

Evaluating the senses:
1. sense_key=choose%2:31:00: Definition is "pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives." This fits the idea of selecting a candidate from available options.
2. sense_key=choose%2:31:02: Definition is "select as an alternative over another." This also fits perfectly. The district is selecting Candidate A *over* Candidate B (the expected party candidate).
3. sense_key=choose%2:31:01: Definition is "see fit or proper to act in a certain way; decide to act in a certain way." This sense relates to personal decision-making or judgment ("She chose not to attend classes"). This is inappropriate for a district selecting a political candidate.

Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 2:
Sense 1 (pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives) is general selection.
Sense 2 (select as an alternative over another) emphasizes the comparative nature of the choice (A over B).

In the context of "choosing a different party's candidate... than for the House of Representatives," the core meaning is making a preference or selecting one option *in opposition to* the expected option. Sense 2 captures this comparative selection ("select as an alternative over another") more precisely than the general selection in Sense 1.

Therefore, Sense 2 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: party
Target surface form: party
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different <t>party</t>'s candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=party%1:14:01:: | definition=an organization to gain political power | synonyms=political party | examples=in 1992 Perot tried to organize a third party at the national level
2. sense_key=party%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of people gathered together for pleasure | examples=she joined the party after dinner
3. sense_key=party%1:14:02:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=company | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
4. sense_key=party%1:11:00:: | definition=an occasion on which people can assemble for social interaction and entertainment | examples=he planned a party to celebrate Bastille Day
5. sense_key=party%1:18:00:: | definition=a person involved in legal proceedings | examples=the party of the first part

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "party" in the given context.

Context: "Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different <t>party</t>'s candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%."

The word "party" is used in the phrase "different party's candidate".

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=party%1:14:01:: | definition=an organization to gain political power | synonyms=political party | examples=in 1992 Perot tried to organize a third party at the national level
2. sense_key=party%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of people gathered together for pleasure | examples=she joined the party after dinner
3. sense_key=party%1:14:02:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=company | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
4. sense_key=party%1:11:00:: | definition=an occasion on which people can assemble for social interaction and entertainment | examples=he planned a party to celebrate Bastille Day
5. sense_key=party%1:18:00:: | definition=a person involved in legal proceedings | examples=the party of the first part

Analysis:
The context discusses "GOP congressional hopeful," "Democratic presidential candidate," "federal level," "political 'ticket splitting'," and "congressional districts." These terms are all related to politics and elections.
The phrase "different party's candidate" clearly refers to a political affiliation or organization.

Comparing with senses:
1. sense_key=party%1:14:01: Definition is "an organization to gain political power." Synonyms include "political party." This perfectly matches the context of elections and political candidates.
2. sense_key=party%1:14:00: Refers to a social gathering for pleasure. Incorrect.
3. sense_key=party%1:14:02: Refers to a temporary group/company. Incorrect in this political context.
4. sense_key=party%1:11:00: Refers to a social occasion/event. Incorrect.
5. sense_key=party%1:18:00: Refers to a legal participant. Incorrect.

The best fit is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: candidate
Target surface form: candidate
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's <t>candidate</t> for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=candidate%1:18:01:: | definition=a politician who is running for public office | synonyms=campaigner, nominee
2. sense_key=candidate%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) | synonyms=prospect

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence discusses a "GOP congressional hopeful" and "political 'ticket splitting'". It specifically mentions "a different party's <t>candidate</t> for the White House than for the House of Representatives." The context is entirely about political elections and office-seeking.

2.  **Analyze the target word:** "candidate" (in the political context).

3.  **Analyze the senses:**
    *   Sense 1: `definition=a politician who is running for public office`, `synonyms=campaigner, nominee`. This perfectly matches the political context (running for White House/Congress).
    *   Sense 2: `definition=someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.)`, `synonyms=prospect`. While this is related to being considered, Sense 1 is much more specific to the active role of *running* for office, which is what the text describes ("a different party's candidate for the White House").

4.  **Determine the best fit:** Sense 1 is the precise meaning required by the political discussion in the text.

5.  **Format the output:** The instruction requires returning a JSON object with the sense index. Since the provided senses are numbered 1 and 2, the chosen sense is 1. (Wait, the prompt structure implies the final output should be a JSON object like `{"sense_index": 3}`, but only two senses are provided. I must use the index corresponding to the chosen sense.)

    *   Sense 1 is the best fit.
    *   The index is 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: percentage
Target surface form: percentage
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that <t>percentage</t> routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=percentage%1:24:00:: | definition=a proportion in relation to a whole (which is usually the amount per hundred) | synonyms=percent, per centum, pct
2. sense_key=percentage%1:21:00:: | definition=assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=share, portion, part | examples=he wanted his share in cash

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{
"sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "percentage" based on the provided context and candidate senses.

Context:
"Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that <t>percentage</t> routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress."

Target word: percentage

Candidate Senses:
1. sense_key=percentage%1:24:00:: | definition=a proportion in relation to a whole (which is usually the amount per hundred) | synonyms=percent, per centum, pct
2. sense_key=percentage%1:21:00:: | definition=assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=share, portion, part | examples=he wanted his share in cash

Analysis:
The context discusses voting patterns, specifically "ticket splitting," and uses numerical values like "20%" and "40%."
The sentence containing the target word is: "Now that <t>percentage</t> routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%."
"A third" is a fraction, which is a form of proportion. "40%" is a percentage value.

Sense 1 definition: "a proportion in relation to a whole (which is usually the amount per hundred)"
Sense 1 synonyms: "percent, per centum, pct"
This perfectly matches the usage in the context (referring to a proportion/rate of something, likely the proportion of voters or districts).

Sense 2 definition: "assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group"
Sense 2 synonyms: "share, portion, part"
This refers to financial or ownership shares, which is irrelevant to the political voting context.

Conclusion: Sense 1 is the correct sense.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: equal
Target surface form: equals
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely <t>equals</t> a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=equal%2:42:00:: | definition=be identical or equivalent to | synonyms=be | examples=One dollar equals 1,000 rubles these days!
2. sense_key=equal%2:42:01:: | definition=be equal to in quality or ability | synonyms=touch, rival, match | examples=Nothing can rival cotton for durability; Your performance doesn't even touch that of your colleagues
3. sense_key=equal%2:30:00:: | definition=make equal, uniform, corresponding, or matching | synonyms=match, equalize, equalise, equate | examples=let's equalize the duties among all employees in this office; The company matched the discount policy of its competitors

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "equals" (the surface form of the lemma "equal") based on the provided context and candidate senses.

Context: "Now that percentage routinely <t>equals</t> a third and twice has been above 40%."

Target word: equals (verb form)

Candidate Senses:
1. `equal%2:42:00`: definition=be identical or equivalent to | synonyms=be | examples=One dollar equals 1,000 rubles these days! (Focuses on numerical/identity equivalence)
2. `equal%2:42:01`: definition=be equal to in quality or ability | synonyms=touch, rival, match | examples=Nothing can rival cotton for durability; Your performance doesn't even touch that of your colleagues (Focuses on quality/ability comparison)
3. `equal%2:30:00`: definition=make equal, uniform, corresponding, or matching | synonyms=match, equalize, equalise, equate | examples=let's equalize the duties among all employees in this office; The company matched the discount policy of its competitors (Focuses on the action of making things equal/matching)

Analysis of the context:
The sentence is: "Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%."
"Percentage" is the subject. "A third" and "40%" are numerical values.
The verb "equals" is linking the percentage to these numerical values.

Comparing with senses:
1. `equal%2:42:00`: definition=be identical or equivalent to. This fits perfectly. A percentage is numerically equivalent to a fraction (a third).
2. `equal%2:42:01`: definition=be equal to in quality or ability. This is inappropriate for comparing a percentage to a fraction.
3. `equal%2:30:00`: definition=make equal, uniform, corresponding, or matching. This is an active verb (transitive), but here "equals" is used as a linking verb (intransitive/copular), meaning "is equal to."

Conclusion: Sense 1 is the best fit because it describes numerical equivalence.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: know
Target surface form: know
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we <t>know</t>, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=know%2:31:01:: | definition=be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about | synonyms=cognize, cognise | examples=I know that the President lied to the people; I want to know who is winning the game!
2. sense_key=know%2:31:03:: | definition=know how to do or perform something | examples=She knows how to knit; Does your husband know how to cook?
3. sense_key=know%2:31:02:: | definition=be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt | examples=I know that I left the key on the table; Galileo knew that the earth moves around the sun
4. sense_key=know%2:31:00:: | definition=be familiar or acquainted with a person or an object | examples=She doesn't know this composer; Do you know my sister?
5. sense_key=know%2:31:04:: | definition=have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations | synonyms=experience, live | examples=I know the feeling!; have you ever known hunger?
6. sense_key=know%2:31:06:: | definition=accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority | synonyms=acknowledge, recognize, recognise | examples=The Crown Prince was acknowledged as the true heir to the throne; We do not recognize your gods
7. sense_key=know%2:31:15:: | definition=have fixed in the mind | examples=I know Latin; This student knows her irregular verbs
8. sense_key=know%2:35:00:: | definition=have sexual intercourse with | synonyms=sleep together, roll in the hay, love, make out, make love, sleep with | examples=This student sleeps with everyone in her dorm; Adam knew Eve
9. sense_key=know%2:31:11:: | definition=know the nature or character of | examples=we all knew her as a big show-off
10. sense_key=know%2:31:12:: | definition=be able to distinguish, recognize as being different | examples=The child knows right from wrong
11. sense_key=know%2:31:14:: | definition=perceive as familiar | examples=I know this voice!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "know" in the given context.

Context: "As we <t>know</t>, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress."

Target word: know

Analysis of the context:
The phrase "As we know" is used to introduce a generally accepted fact or piece of common knowledge regarding political voting patterns (voters favoring Republicans more in presidential races than congressional races).

Analysis of candidate senses:
1. sense_key=know%2:31:01:: definition=be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about. (Synonyms: cognize, cognise). This fits the idea of being aware of a known fact.
2. sense_key=know%2:31:03:: definition=know how to do or perform something. (Skill/ability). Does not fit.
3. sense_key=know%2:31:02:: definition=be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt. (Belief/certainty). This is very close to 31:01, focusing on the established truth of the statement.
4. sense_key=know%2:31:00:: definition=be familiar or acquainted with a person or an object. (Familiarity). Does not fit.
5. sense_key=know%2:31:04:: definition=have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations. (Experience). Does not fit.
6. sense_key=know%2:31:06:: definition=accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority. (Acknowledge). Does not fit.
7. sense_key=know%2:31:15:: definition=have fixed in the mind. (Memorization). Does not fit.
8. sense_key=know%2:35:00:: definition=have sexual intercourse with. (Sexual act). Does not fit.
9. sense_key=know%2:31:11:: definition=know the nature or character of. (Understanding character). Does not fit.
10. sense_key=know%2:31:12:: definition=be able to distinguish, recognize as being different. (Discernment). Does not fit.
11. sense_key=know%2:31:14:: definition=perceive as familiar. (Recognition). Does not fit.

Comparing 31:01 and 31:02:
31:01: "be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information." (General awareness of a fact).
31:02: "be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt." (Accepting something as true).

In the phrase "As we know," the speaker is referring to a widely accepted political observation—a fact that the audience is expected to be aware of. Both senses apply, but 31:01 ("be cognizant or aware of a fact") is the most direct and common interpretation of this idiomatic usage, referring to shared knowledge. 31:02 emphasizes the *belief* in the truth, while 31:01 emphasizes the *awareness* of the fact. Since the statement is presented as a known piece of information ("voters tend to favor Republicans more..."), 31:01 is the slightly better fit for general, shared knowledge.

Let's re-examine the examples for 31:01: "I know that the President lied to the people; I want to know who is winning the game!" (Awareness of facts).
Let's re-examine the examples for 31:02: "I know that I left the key on the table; Galileo knew that the earth moves around the sun" (Certainty/Truth).

The context ("As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more...") is a statement of established fact/information, making 31:01 the most appropriate sense.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: tend
Target surface form: tend
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters <t>tend</t> to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=tend%2:42:01:: | definition=have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined | synonyms=be given, lean, incline, run | examples=She tends to be nervous before her lectures; These dresses run small
2. sense_key=tend%2:41:00:: | definition=have care of or look after | examples=She tends to the children
3. sense_key=tend%2:41:01:: | definition=manage or run | examples=tend a store

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "tend" in the given context.

Context: "As we know, voters <t>tend</t> to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress."

Target lemma: tend
Target surface form: tend

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=tend%2:42:01:: | definition=have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined | synonyms=be given, lean, incline, run | examples=She tends to be nervous before her lectures; These dresses run small
2. sense_key=tend%2:41:00:: | definition=have care of or look after | examples=She tends to the children
3. sense_key=tend%2:41:01:: | definition=manage or run | examples=tend a store

Analysis:
The sentence states that "voters tend to favor Republicans more...".
This usage describes a pattern, inclination, or disposition of voters.

Let's evaluate the senses:
1. sense_key=tend%2:42:01: Definition is "have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined". This perfectly matches the meaning of "voters tend to favor...". The synonyms (lean, incline) also support this.
2. sense_key=tend%2:41:00: Definition is "have care of or look after". This is incorrect (e.g., "tend to the children").
3. sense_key=tend%2:41:01: Definition is "manage or run". This is incorrect (e.g., "tend a store").

Conclusion: Sense 1 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: favor
Target surface form: favor
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to <t>favor</t> Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=favor%2:41:00:: | definition=promote over another | synonyms=prefer, favour | examples=he favors his second daughter
2. sense_key=favor%2:31:00:: | definition=consider as the favorite | synonyms=favour | examples=The local team was favored
3. sense_key=favor%2:41:01:: | definition=treat gently or carefully | synonyms=favour
4. sense_key=favor%2:41:03:: | definition=bestow a privilege upon | synonyms=privilege, favour

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "favor" in the given context.

Context: "As we know, voters tend to <t>favor</t> Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress."

Target lemma: favor
Target surface form: favor

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=favor%2:41:00:: | definition=promote over another | synonyms=prefer, favour | examples=he favors his second daughter
2. sense_key=favor%2:31:00:: | definition=consider as the favorite | synonyms=favour | examples=The local team was favored
3. sense_key=favor%2:41:01:: | definition=treat gently or carefully | synonyms=favour
4. sense_key=favor%2:41:03:: | definition=bestow a privilege upon | synonyms=privilege, favour

Analysis:
The sentence discusses voting behavior: "voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress."
When voters "favor" a party/candidate, it means they prefer them or support them more strongly than others.

Let's check the senses:
1. sense_key=favor%2:41:00: definition=promote over another | synonyms=prefer, favour. This aligns perfectly with the idea of preferring one party over another in a vote.
2. sense_key=favor%2:31:00: definition=consider as the favorite. This is possible, but sense 1 (prefer) is a more direct description of the action of voting.
3. sense_key=favor%2:41:01: definition=treat gently or carefully. This is irrelevant to voting preference.
4. sense_key=favor%2:41:03: definition=bestow a privilege upon. This is irrelevant to voting preference.

Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 2:
Sense 1 uses "prefer" as a synonym, which is the core meaning of voting preference.
Sense 2 uses "consider as the favorite," which is a state of being, whereas the context describes the action voters take ("voters tend to favor").

Sense 1 is the best fit.

The required output format is a JSON object with the sense index.
Sense 1 corresponds to index 1.