[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sale
Target surface form: sale
Context:
The crisis-hit US major banks are breaking free from their state shackles. On Wednesday Bank of America repaid the support from the bank protection fund TARP in the amount USD 45 billion (nearly EUR 30 billion) in one go. And, according to reports from US broadcaster CNBC, Citigroup is also planning to repay the state support. The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the <t>sale</t> of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sale%1:04:00:: | definition=a particular instance of selling | examples=he has just made his first sale; they had to complete the sale before the banks closed
2. sense_key=sale%1:04:02:: | definition=the general activity of selling | examples=they tried to boost sales; laws limit the sale of handguns
3. sense_key=sale%1:04:01:: | definition=an occasion (usually brief) for buying at specially reduced prices | synonyms=cut-rate sale, sales event | examples=they held a sale to reduce their inventory; I got some great bargains at their annual sale
4. sense_key=sale%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being purchasable; offered or exhibited for selling | examples=you'll find vitamin C for sale at most pharmacies; the new line of cars will soon be on sale
5. sense_key=sale%1:10:00:: | definition=an agreement (or contract) in which property is transferred from the seller (vendor) to the buyer (vendee) for a fixed price in money (paid or agreed to be paid by the buyer) | synonyms=sales agreement | examples=the salesman faxed the sales agreement to his home office

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is: "The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the <t>sale</t> of business units."
2.  **Identify the target word and its usage:** Target word is "sale." It is used in the phrase "sale of business units."
3.  **Determine the meaning in context:** "Business units" are large parts of a company. When a company sells a business unit, it means it transfers ownership of that unit to another party, usually for money. This is a transaction or an agreement involving the transfer of property (the business unit).
4.  **Evaluate the candidate senses:**
    *   1. `sale%1:04:00`: "a particular instance of selling." (Fits the idea of a specific transaction.)
    *   2. `sale%1:04:02`: "the general activity of selling." (Too broad; the context refers to a specific event/transaction.)
    *   3. `sale%1:04:01`: "an occasion (usually brief) for buying at specially reduced prices." (Refers to a retail discount event, e.g., Black Friday. Does not fit "sale of business units.")
    *   4. `sale%1:26:00`: "the state of being purchasable; offered or exhibited for selling." (Refers to availability, e.g., "cars for sale." Does not fit "sale of business units.")
    *   5. `sale%1:10:00`: "an agreement (or contract) in which property is transferred from the seller (vendor) to the buyer (vendee) for a fixed price in money." (This perfectly describes the transfer of a "business unit" for money.)
5.  **Compare the best candidates (1 and 5):**
    *   Sense 1: "a particular instance of selling."
    *   Sense 5: "an agreement (or contract) in which property is transferred... for a fixed price."
    *   While Sense 1 is technically correct, Sense 5 provides the most precise and formal definition for the transaction of large assets like "business units," emphasizing the contractual nature and transfer of property, which is the core meaning here.
6.  **Select the best sense:** Sense 5 is the most accurate fit.
7.  **Format the output:** Return the JSON object with the correct index.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bank
Target surface form: Bank
Context:
On Wednesday Bank of America repaid the support from the bank protection fund TARP in the amount USD 45 billion (nearly EUR 30 billion) in one go. And, according to reports from US broadcaster CNBC, Citigroup is also planning to repay the state support. The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. <t>Bank</t> head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) | examples=they pulled the canoe up on the bank; he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile | examples=a huge bank of earth
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers | examples=he operated a bank of switches
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games | examples=he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force | synonyms=cant, camber
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home | synonyms=savings bank, coin bank, money box | examples=the coin bank was empty
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building | examples=the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning) | examples=the plane went into a steep bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "Bank" based on the provided context.

Context: "The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch."

Target word: "Bank" (in the second sentence).

Candidate senses:
1. sloping land (river bank)
2. a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities (bank)
3. a long ridge or pile
4. an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers
5. a supply or stock held in reserve for future use
6. the funds held by a gambling house
7. a slope in the turn of a road
8. a container for keeping money at home
9. a building in which the business of banking transacted
10. a flight maneuver

Analysis of the context:
The context discusses a "cash injection" helping during a "difficult time" (referencing the financial crisis). The sentence then states: "The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch."

Key phrases:
* "financial crisis"
* "investment bank Merrill Lynch"
* "overstretched" (a term commonly used to describe financial institutions facing liquidity or solvency issues)
* "taking over" (a corporate/financial action)

These phrases strongly indicate that "Bank" refers to a major financial institution.

Matching with candidate senses:
Sense 2: "a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities." This perfectly matches the context of a major financial entity involved in the financial crisis and mergers/acquisitions (taking over Merrill Lynch).

Sense 9: "a building in which the business of banking transacted." While a bank operates in a building, the context refers to the entity itself ("The bank overstretched"), not the physical structure.

Sense 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10 are clearly irrelevant (geography, piles, objects, reserves, gambling, roads, containers, aviation).

Therefore, Sense 2 is the best fit.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bank
Target surface form: bank
Context:
And, according to reports from US broadcaster CNBC, Citigroup is also planning to repay the state support. The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The <t>bank</t> overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) | examples=they pulled the canoe up on the bank; he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile | examples=a huge bank of earth
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers | examples=he operated a bank of switches
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games | examples=he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force | synonyms=cant, camber
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home | synonyms=savings bank, coin bank, money box | examples=the coin bank was empty
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building | examples=the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning) | examples=the plane went into a steep bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is: "The <t>bank</t> overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch."
2.  **Analyze the surrounding text/topic:** The entire passage discusses financial institutions (Citigroup, Bank of America), financial crises, state support, investment banks (Merrill Lynch), convertible loans, and capital markets. The context is clearly financial/economic.
3.  **Examine the target word's role:** "The bank overstretched... by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch." Here, "bank" refers to a large financial entity that engaged in mergers and acquisitions (taking over another investment bank).
4.  **Evaluate the candidate senses based on the financial context:**

    *   1. sloping land (Irrelevant)
    *   2. a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities (Highly relevant. Citigroup and Bank of America are examples of this type of institution.)
    *   3. a long ridge or pile (Irrelevant)
    *   4. an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers (Irrelevant)
    *   5. a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (Refers to 'funds' or 'stock', not the institution itself.)
    *   6. the funds held by a gambling house (Irrelevant)
    *   7. a slope in the turn of a road (Irrelevant)
    *   8. a container for keeping money at home (Irrelevant)
    *   9. a building in which the business of banking transacted (Possible, but less precise than the institution itself, especially when discussing corporate actions like "taking over.")
    *   10. a flight maneuver (Irrelevant)

5.  **Select the best fit:** Sense 2, "a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities," is the most accurate and comprehensive definition for a major corporate entity like Citigroup or the one mentioned in the sentence, especially when discussing its involvement in the financial crisis and mergers. Sense 9 is too narrow (focusing only on the physical building), while Sense 2 captures the nature of the entity performing the action ("overstretched... by taking over").

6.  **Final Check:** The context is about major financial players (Citigroup, Bank of America) during a financial crisis. "The bank" is clearly referring to a large financial corporation. Sense 2 matches this perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: height
Target surface form: height
Context:
And, according to reports from US broadcaster CNBC, Citigroup is also planning to repay the state support. The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the <t>height</t> of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=height%1:07:00:: | definition=the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top | synonyms=tallness
2. sense_key=height%1:26:00:: | definition=the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development | synonyms=acme, elevation, peak, pinnacle, summit, superlative | examples=his landscapes were deemed the acme of beauty; the artist's gifts are at their acme
3. sense_key=height%1:07:01:: | definition=(of a standing person) the distance from head to foot | synonyms=stature
4. sense_key=height%1:07:02:: | definition=elevation especially above sea level or above the earth's surface | synonyms=altitude | examples=the altitude gave her a headache

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "height" in the given context.

Context: "The bank overstretched at the <t>height</t> of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch."

Target word: height

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=height%1:07:00:: | definition=the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top | synonyms=tallness
2. sense_key=height%1:26:00:: | definition=the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development | synonyms=acme, elevation, peak, pinnacle, summit, superlative | examples=his landscapes were deemed the acme of beauty; the artist's gifts are at their acme
3. sense_key=height%1:07:01:: | definition=(of a standing person) the distance from head to foot | synonyms=stature
4. sense_key=height%1:07:02:: | definition=elevation especially above sea level or above the earth's surface | synonyms=altitude | examples=the altitude gave her a headache

Analysis:
The phrase is "at the height of the financial crisis".
"Financial crisis" refers to a period of extreme difficulty or severity.
The word "height" here refers to the peak or most intense point of that crisis.

Let's evaluate the senses:
1. Vertical dimension/tallness: Not applicable to a crisis period.
2. The highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development (synonyms: acme, peak, pinnacle, summit): This perfectly matches the meaning of "at the height of the crisis" (i.e., at its peak/most severe point).
3. Distance from head to foot (stature): Not applicable.
4. Elevation above sea level (altitude): Not applicable.

Conclusion: Sense 2 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: crisis
Target surface form: crisis
Context:
And, according to reports from US broadcaster CNBC, Citigroup is also planning to repay the state support. The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial <t>crisis</t> by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=crisis%1:26:00:: | definition=an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty | examples=they went bankrupt during the economic crisis
2. sense_key=crisis%1:11:00:: | definition=a crucial stage or turning point in the course of something | examples=after the crisis the patient either dies or gets better

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
Thinking Process:

1.  **Analyze the Target Word and Context:**
    *   Target word: "crisis"
    *   Context sentence: "The bank overstretched at the height of the financial <t>crisis</t> by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch."
    *   Surrounding context: The passage discusses financial institutions (Citigroup, Bank of America), state support, restrictions, liabilities, overextending, and the financial market.

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:**
        *   Definition: "an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty"
        *   Example: "they went bankrupt during the economic crisis"
        *   *Relevance Check:* The context mentions "financial crisis," "overstretched," and the general theme of financial difficulty and instability. This aligns perfectly with the definition of a severe, dangerous, or difficult situation.

    *   **Sense 2:**
        *   Definition: "a crucial stage or turning point in the course of something"
        *   Example: "after the crisis the patient either dies or gets better"
        *   *Relevance Check:* While a financial downturn can be a turning point, the phrasing "at the height of the financial crisis" strongly suggests a period of extreme difficulty (danger/difficulty), not merely a critical stage in a process. The example (patient health) is also more focused on a specific, immediate turning point rather than a broad economic state.

3.  **Compare and Select the Best Sense:**
    *   The context ("financial crisis," "overstretched") points overwhelmingly to a period of severe economic distress and danger.
    *   Sense 1 ("unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty") is the precise fit for a financial crisis.
    *   Sense 2 is too narrow and focuses on a transition point rather than the state of extreme difficulty.

4.  **Final Selection:** Sense 1.

5.  **Format the Output:** Return the result as a JSON object with the correct index. (Sense 1 corresponds to index 1 in the provided list).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: investment
Target surface form: investment
Context:
And, according to reports from US broadcaster CNBC, Citigroup is also planning to repay the state support. The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the <t>investment</t> bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=investment%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of investing; laying out money or capital in an enterprise with the expectation of profit | synonyms=investing
2. sense_key=investment%1:21:00:: | definition=money that is invested with an expectation of profit | synonyms=investment funds
3. sense_key=investment%1:07:00:: | definition=the commitment of something other than money (time, energy, or effort) to a project with the expectation of some worthwhile result | examples=this job calls for the investment of some hard thinking; he made an emotional investment in the work
4. sense_key=investment%1:05:00:: | definition=outer layer or covering of an organ or part or organism
5. sense_key=investment%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of putting on robes or vestments
6. sense_key=investment%1:04:02:: | definition=the ceremonial act of clothing someone in the insignia of an office; the formal promotion of a person to an office or rank | synonyms=investiture

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
"sense_index": 1
}
```

content:
```json
{
"sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "investment" based on the provided context.

Context: "The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the <t>investment</t> bank Merrill Lynch."

Target word: investment (used as an adjective modifying "bank")

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=investment%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of investing; laying out money or capital in an enterprise with the expectation of profit | synonyms=investing
2. sense_key=investment%1:21:00:: | definition=money that is invested with an expectation of profit | synonyms=investment funds
3. sense_key=investment%1:07:00:: | definition=the commitment of something other than money (time, energy, or effort) to a project with the expectation of some worthwhile result | examples=this job calls for the investment of some hard thinking; he made an emotional investment in the work
4. sense_key=investment%1:05:00:: | definition=outer layer or covering of an organ or part or organism
5. sense_key=investment%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of putting on robes or vestments
6. sense_key=investment%1:04:02:: | definition=the ceremonial act of clothing someone in the insignia of an office; the formal promotion of a person to an office or rank | synonyms=investiture

Analysis:
The phrase is "investment bank". This refers to a type of financial institution.

Sense 1: "the act of investing; laying out money or capital in an enterprise with the expectation of profit". This relates directly to financial activities.
Sense 2: "money that is invested with an expectation of profit". This refers to the capital itself, not the type of bank.
Sense 3: "the commitment of something other than money (time, energy, or effort)...". This is abstract/non-financial commitment.
Sense 4, 5, 6: These are clearly irrelevant (biological, ceremonial).

In finance, an "investment bank" is a bank that specializes in capital markets activities, such as underwriting, mergers and acquisitions, and trading securities, which are all forms of financial investment.

Sense 1, defining it as "the act of investing; laying out money or capital in an enterprise with the expectation of profit," is the most appropriate definition for the *type* of bank, as it describes the core function and nature of the institution.

Let's check if Sense 1 or Sense 2 is better.
Sense 2 is "money that is invested".
Sense 1 is "the act of investing".
When used as an adjective ("investment bank"), it describes the *function* or *nature* of the bank, which aligns better with the concept of "the act of investing" (Sense 1) than just the capital itself (Sense 2).

Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.

Wait, the instructions require me to return the JSON object with the sense index.
Sense 1 corresponds to index 1.

Let me re-read the prompt constraints:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense.
2. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
3. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

My chosen sense is Sense 1.

Final check:
Context: "investment bank Merrill Lynch"
Sense 1: "the act of investing; laying out money or capital in an enterprise with the expectation of profit" -> Fits perfectly.

The index for Sense 1 is 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bank
Target surface form: bank
Context:
And, according to reports from US broadcaster CNBC, Citigroup is also planning to repay the state support. The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment <t>bank</t> Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) | examples=they pulled the canoe up on the bank; he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile | examples=a huge bank of earth
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers | examples=he operated a bank of switches
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games | examples=he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force | synonyms=cant, camber
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home | synonyms=savings bank, coin bank, money box | examples=the coin bank was empty
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building | examples=the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning) | examples=the plane went into a steep bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "bank" in the given context.

Context:
"And, according to reports from US broadcaster CNBC, Citigroup is also planning to repay the state support. The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment <t>bank</t> Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state."

Target word: "bank" (specifically the one modifying "Merrill Lynch").

Let's analyze the context surrounding the target word:
"...The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch."

The context is entirely about major financial institutions (Citigroup, Bank of America, Merrill Lynch), financial crises, state support, loans, capital markets, and investment.

Now let's evaluate the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land... (Geographical) -> Incorrect.
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home -> Highly relevant. This is the general sense of a financial institution.
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile -> Incorrect.
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers -> Incorrect.
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies) -> This relates to reserves/funds, but the target word is modifying "Merrill Lynch" as a type of institution.
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house... -> Incorrect.
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track... (Automotive/Engineering) -> Incorrect.
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home -> Incorrect.
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building -> While related to banking, the target word here is an adjective modifying a company name ("investment bank"), referring to the *type* of institution, not the physical building.
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver... (Aviation) -> Incorrect.

The phrase "investment bank" is a specific type of financial institution. Sense 2 defines a financial institution generally. While "investment bank" is more specific than the general definition in Sense 2, Sense 2 is the only candidate that captures the core meaning of a financial institution involved in lending and money activities, which is the domain of Merrill Lynch.

Let's re-examine the candidates for the best fit for "investment bank".
Sense 2: "a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities." This is the broadest definition of a commercial bank.
The term "investment bank" specifically refers to institutions that help corporations raise capital (underwriting, M&A advice), which is a specialized function.

However, among the given options, Sense 2 is the only one that correctly identifies the semantic domain (financial institution). The other senses are clearly wrong (geography, aviation, containers, etc.).

If I must choose the single best indexed sense, Sense 2 is the correct semantic category.

Final check: The context is about financial institutions (Citigroup, Bank of America, Merrill Lynch) and financial crises. The target word "bank" is used as part of "investment bank," referring to the company's function. Sense 2 describes the function of a financial institution.

I will select Sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cash
Target surface form: cash
Context:
The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise <t>cash</t> on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state. Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a capital increase of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to circles.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cash%1:21:00:: | definition=money in the form of bills or coins | synonyms=hard cash, hard currency | examples=there is a desperate shortage of hard cash
2. sense_key=cash%1:21:02:: | definition=prompt payment for goods or services in currency or by check | synonyms=immediate payment
3. sense_key=cash%1:18:00:: | definition=United States country music singer and songwriter (1932-2003) | synonyms=Johnny Cash, John Cash

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
Thinking Process:

1.  **Analyze the Target Word and Context:**
    *   Target lemma: cash
    *   Target surface form: cash
    *   Context: "Citigroup also plans to raise <t>cash</t> on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state. Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a capital increase of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to circles."

2.  **Analyze the Contextual Meaning:**
    *   The context discusses Citigroup, a bank, raising funds ("raise cash") on the capital market, and announcing a "capital increase" (USD 20 billion).
    *   In this financial context, "cash" refers to liquid funds or capital being raised/acquired.

3.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1 (cash%1:21:00):** Definition: money in the form of bills or coins. Synonyms: hard cash, hard currency. Example: there is a desperate shortage of hard cash.
        *   *Relevance:* This is a literal definition of physical money. While the funds raised are money, the phrase "raise cash on the capital market" usually refers to raising capital/funds, not necessarily physical bills and coins, especially when paired with "capital increase" and large USD amounts. However, it is related to money.

    *   **Sense 2 (cash%1:21:02):** Definition: prompt payment for goods or services in currency or by check. Synonyms: immediate payment.
        *   *Relevance:* This refers to the *act* of paying immediately. The context is about *raising* money, not *making* a payment. This sense is incorrect.

    *   **Sense 3 (cash%1:18:00):** Definition: United States country music singer and songwriter (1932-2003). Synonyms: Johnny Cash, John Cash.
        *   *Relevance:* This is a proper noun/person. Completely irrelevant to the financial context.

4.  **Re-evaluation and Selection:**
    *   Sense 2 and Sense 3 are clearly wrong.
    *   Sense 1 defines money (bills/coins). While the context is highly abstract (capital markets, liabilities), the underlying concept is the acquisition of liquid funds/money.
    *   *Self-Correction/Refinement:* Although the context implies "capital" or "funds," Sense 1 is the only sense that relates to the *substance* of the word "cash" (money). In financial jargon, "raising cash" is often used synonymously with "raising capital" or "raising funds," and these funds are ultimately money. Given the limited options, Sense 1 is the closest fit, representing the general concept of money/liquid assets, even if the context is highly institutionalized.

5.  **Final Check:** The context is about a bank raising USD 20 billion. This is a massive amount of money. Sense 1 defines money. Therefore, Sense 1 is the best available choice.

6.  **Format Output:** Return the JSON structure. (Note: The prompt asks for the sense index, not the definition.)


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: liability
Target surface form: liabilities
Context:
The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its <t>liabilities</t> with the state. Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a capital increase of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to circles.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=liability%1:26:01:: | definition=the state of being legally obliged and responsible
2. sense_key=liability%1:26:00:: | definition=an obligation to pay money to another party | synonyms=indebtedness, financial obligation
3. sense_key=liability%1:07:00:: | definition=the quality of being something that holds you back

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 2
}
```

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 2
}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target surface form: "liabilities"
    *   Context sentence: "Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its <t>liabilities</t> with the state."
    *   Surrounding context: The passage discusses financial issues, raising cash, convertible loans, overstretching, the financial crisis, and capital increases (all financial/corporate topics).

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   Sense 1: `liability%1:26:01` :: definition=the state of being legally obliged and responsible. (Broad legal/moral responsibility)
    *   Sense 2: `liability%1:26:00` :: definition=an obligation to pay money to another party | synonyms=indebtedness, financial obligation. (Specific financial debt/obligation)
    *   Sense 3: `liability%1:07:00` :: definition=the quality of being something that holds you back. (A burden, a constraint, often abstract)

3.  **Evaluate the context against the senses:**
    *   The context is about a bank (Citigroup) raising cash on the capital market to "free itself from its liabilities with the state."
    *   In a financial context, "liabilities" almost always refers to debts, obligations, or financial commitments owed to others (in this case, the state).
    *   Sense 1 (legal obligation/responsibility) is too broad. While financial debt is a legal obligation, Sense 2 is much more specific to the financial nature of the text.
    *   Sense 3 (something that holds you back) is too abstract and doesn't fit the specific financial transaction described (raising cash to eliminate a debt).
    *   Sense 2 (an obligation to pay money to another party; financial obligation/indebtedness) perfectly matches the financial context of a corporation dealing with the state (i.e., paying taxes, meeting financial commitments, etc.).

4.  **Conclusion:** Sense 2 is the best fit.

5.  **Format the output:** Return the JSON object with the correct sense index.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: state
Target surface form: state
Context:
The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the <t>state</t>. Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a capital increase of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to circles.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=state%1:15:01:: | definition=the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation | synonyms=province | examples=his state is in the deep south
2. sense_key=state%1:03:00:: | definition=the way something is with respect to its main attributes | examples=the current state of knowledge; his state of health
3. sense_key=state%1:14:01:: | definition=the group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state | examples=the state has lowered its income tax
4. sense_key=state%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=nation, country, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
5. sense_key=state%1:26:02:: | definition=(chemistry) the three traditional states of matter are solids (fixed shape and volume) and liquids (fixed volume and shaped by the container) and gases (filling the container) | synonyms=state of matter | examples=the solid state of water is called ice
6. sense_key=state%1:26:01:: | definition=a state of depression or agitation | examples=he was in such a state you just couldn't reason with him
7. sense_key=state%1:15:00:: | definition=the territory occupied by a nation | synonyms=country, land | examples=he returned to the land of his birth; he visited several European countries
8. sense_key=state%1:14:02:: | definition=the federal department in the United States that sets and maintains foreign policies | synonyms=Department of State, United States Department of State, State Department, DoS | examples=the Department of State was created in 1789

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "state" based on the provided context.

Context:
"Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the <t>state</t>. Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a capital increase of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to circles."

The target word is "state".

Let's analyze the context:
1. Citigroup is a US bank.
2. The bank is planning to raise cash on the capital market.
3. The purpose is to free itself from liabilities *with the state*.
4. The subsequent sentence mentions a capital increase announced by the US bank.

The phrase "liabilities with the state" strongly suggests a relationship between the bank and a governing body or government entity.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. state%1:15:01: Territory of an administrative district (province). (Unlikely, banks don't have liabilities with provinces in this context).
2. state%1:03:00: Way something is (condition). (Unlikely, "liabilities with the condition" makes no sense).
3. state%1:14:01: Group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state. (Possible, referring to the government/authority).
4. state%1:14:00: A politically organized body of people under a single government (nation/country). (Highly likely, referring to the government/nation/sovereign entity).
5. state%1:26:02: Chemistry state of matter. (Irrelevant).
6. state%1:26:01: State of depression or agitation (condition). (Irrelevant).
7. state%1:15:00: Territory occupied by a nation. (Possible, but usually refers to the geographical area, not the entity holding liabilities).
8. state%1:14:02: Federal department in the United States (Department of State). (Possible, but usually refers to the specific department, not the government/nation as a whole).

Comparing 3, 4, and 8:
* Sense 8 (Department of State) is too specific.
* Sense 3 (Group of people comprising the government) is accurate but perhaps slightly less encompassing than Sense 4.
* Sense 4 (A politically organized body of people under a single government; nation, country) is the most general and appropriate term for the sovereign entity (the government/nation) with which a large financial institution like Citigroup would have liabilities (e.g., regulatory requirements, government guarantees, etc.).

The phrase "liabilities with the state" in a financial/regulatory context almost always refers to the national government or regulatory body (the sovereign state). Sense 4 captures this meaning best.

Therefore, sense_key=state%1:14:00 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bank
Target surface form: bank
Context:
Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state. Already on Thursday, the US <t>bank</t> was able to announce a capital increase of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to circles. A Citigroup spokesman declined to comment.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) | examples=they pulled the canoe up on the bank; he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile | examples=a huge bank of earth
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers | examples=he operated a bank of switches
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games | examples=he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force | synonyms=cant, camber
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home | synonyms=savings bank, coin bank, money box | examples=the coin bank was empty
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building | examples=the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning) | examples=the plane went into a steep bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "bank" in the provided context.

Context:
"Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state. Already on Thursday, the US <t>bank</t> was able to announce a capital increase of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to circles. A Citigroup spokesman declined to comment."

Target word: "bank" (specifically the instance before "was able to announce a capital increase...")

Analysis of the context:
1. "Bank of America" (proper noun, clearly a financial institution).
2. "raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans." (Financial activity).
3. "The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch." (Refers to a major financial entity).
4. "Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market..." (Financial market activity).
5. "Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a capital increase of some USD 20 billion..." (A US financial institution announcing a capital increase).

The context overwhelmingly points to "bank" meaning a financial institution.

Evaluation of candidate senses:
1. sloping land (Incorrect)
2. a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities (Highly relevant. Matches "Bank of America," "investment bank," "capital increase," "loans," "capital market.")
3. a long ridge or pile (Incorrect)
4. an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers (Incorrect)
5. a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (Incorrect, though related to finance, the entity itself is the bank).
6. the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games (Incorrect)
7. a slope in the turn of a road or track (Incorrect)
8. a container (Incorrect)
9. a building in which the business of banking transacted (Possible, but sense 2 is broader and more accurate for the corporate entity mentioned).
10. a flight maneuver (Incorrect)

Sense 2 is the definitive match for the usage in this financial news context.

The target instance is: "Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a capital increase of some USD 20 billion..." This refers to a major financial corporation.

Conclusion: Sense 2 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: capital
Target surface form: capital
Context:
Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state. Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a <t>capital</t> increase of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to circles. A Citigroup spokesman declined to comment.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=capital%1:21:01:: | definition=assets available for use in the production of further assets | synonyms=working capital
2. sense_key=capital%1:21:00:: | definition=wealth in the form of money or property owned by a person or business and human resources of economic value
3. sense_key=capital%1:15:00:: | definition=a seat of government
4. sense_key=capital%1:10:00:: | definition=one of the large alphabetic characters used as the first letter in writing or printing proper names and sometimes for emphasis | synonyms=capital letter, uppercase, upper-case letter, majuscule | examples=printers once kept the type for capitals and for small letters in separate cases; capitals were kept in the upper half of the type case and so became known as upper-case letters
5. sense_key=capital%1:15:01:: | definition=a center that is associated more than any other with some activity or product | examples=the crime capital of Italy; the drug capital of Columbia
6. sense_key=capital%1:14:00:: | definition=the federal government of the United States | synonyms=Washington
7. sense_key=capital%1:10:01:: | definition=a book written by Karl Marx (1867) describing his economic theories | synonyms=Das Kapital
8. sense_key=capital%1:06:00:: | definition=the upper part of a column that supports the entablature | synonyms=chapiter, cap

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is: "Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a <t>capital</t> increase of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to circles."
2.  **Analyze the surrounding text/domain:** The text discusses financial activities: "Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans," "sale of business units," "financial crisis," "investment bank Merrill Lynch," "Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market," and "US bank was able to announce a capital increase."
3.  **Determine the meaning of 'capital' in this context:** In finance, a "capital increase" refers to an increase in the amount of capital (funds, assets, equity) held by a company.
4.  **Examine the candidate senses:**
    *   1. `capital%1:21:01`: assets available for use in the production of further assets (synonyms=working capital). *This relates directly to financial assets/funds.*
    *   2. `capital%1:21:00`: wealth in the form of money or property owned by a person or business and human resources of economic value. *This is a broad definition of wealth/assets, fitting the financial context.*
    *   3. `capital%1:15:00`: a seat of government. (Irrelevant)
    *   4. `capital%1:10:00`: one of the large alphabetic characters. (Irrelevant)
    *   5. `capital%1:15:01`: a center associated with some activity. (Irrelevant)
    *   6. `capital%1:14:00`: the federal government of the United States. (Irrelevant)
    *   7. `capital%1:10:01`: a book written by Karl Marx. (Irrelevant)
    *   8. `capital%1:06:00`: the upper part of a column. (Irrelevant)
5.  **Compare relevant senses (1 and 2):**
    *   Sense 1 focuses on "working capital" (assets used in production).
    *   Sense 2 focuses on "wealth in the form of money or property owned by a person or business."
    *   A "capital increase" in a bank/corporation refers to increasing its overall financial base or equity. Both senses 1 and 2 capture the financial meaning. Sense 2 is a more general definition of the wealth/funds owned by a business, which aligns perfectly with the concept of increasing a company's capital base. Sense 1 is more specific (working capital). Given the context of a major corporate announcement ("capital increase of some USD 20 billion"), the general concept of corporate wealth/funds (Sense 2) is the most appropriate fit.
6.  **Select the best fit:** Sense 2 (`capital%1:21:00`).
7.  **Format the output.**


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: increase
Target surface form: increase
Context:
Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state. Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a capital <t>increase</t> of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to circles. A Citigroup spokesman declined to comment.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=increase%1:23:00:: | definition=a quantity that is added | synonyms=addition, gain | examples=there was an addition to property taxes this year; they recorded the cattle's gain in weight over a period of weeks
2. sense_key=increase%1:11:00:: | definition=a change resulting in an increase | examples=the increase is scheduled for next month
3. sense_key=increase%1:22:00:: | definition=a process of becoming larger or longer or more numerous or more important | synonyms=increment, growth | examples=the increase in unemployment; the growth of population
4. sense_key=increase%1:07:00:: | definition=the amount by which something increases | synonyms=increment | examples=they proposed an increase of 15 percent in the fare
5. sense_key=increase%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of increasing something | synonyms=step-up | examples=he gave me an increase in salary

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "increase" in the given context.
The context is: "Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a capital <t>increase</t> of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to circles."

The target word is "increase," and it is used as a noun ("a capital increase").

Let's analyze the candidate senses:

1. **sense_key=increase%1:23:00::** | definition=a quantity that is added | synonyms=addition, gain | examples=there was an addition to property taxes this year; they recorded the cattle's gain in weight over a period of weeks
    * This focuses on the resulting quantity (addition/gain).

2. **sense_key=increase%1:11:00::** | definition=a change resulting in an increase | examples=the increase is scheduled for next month
    * This is very general, referring to the event of change.

3. **sense_key=increase%1:22:00::** | definition=a process of becoming larger or longer or more numerous or more important | synonyms=increment, growth | examples=the increase in unemployment; the growth of population
    * This describes the *process* or *state* of growing.

4. **sense_key=increase%1:07:00::** | definition=the amount by which something increases | synonyms=increment | examples=they proposed an increase of 15 percent in the fare
    * This refers to the magnitude of the change (the amount).

5. **sense_key=increase%1:04:00::** | definition=the act of increasing something | synonyms=step-up | examples=he gave me an increase in salary
    * This refers to the action/act of increasing.

Context analysis: "a capital increase of some USD 20 billion".
Here, "increase" refers to the addition of capital (money/assets) to the bank. The phrase "of some USD 20 billion" specifies the magnitude of this addition.

Comparing the senses:
* Sense 1 (a quantity that is added): Fits well, as the capital is being added.
* Sense 3 (a process of becoming larger): Less precise. It's not just the process; it's the specific event/amount.
* Sense 4 (the amount by which something increases): This is highly relevant because the context immediately quantifies it ("of some USD 20 billion"). The "capital increase" *is* the amount of capital added.
* Sense 5 (the act of increasing): Less likely, as it refers to the action, whereas the context refers to the resulting financial event/amount.

Between Sense 1 and Sense 4:
Sense 1: "a quantity that is added" (synonyms: addition, gain).
Sense 4: "the amount by which something increases" (synonyms: increment).

In financial contexts, "capital increase" refers to the specific amount of capital raised or added. Sense 4, defining it as "the amount by which something increases," captures this quantitative nature perfectly, especially when followed by a specific monetary value. Sense 1 is also plausible, but Sense 4 is more precise in defining the noun as the measure of the change.

Let's re-examine Sense 3: "a process of becoming larger... synonyms=increment, growth". While capital increase is a form of growth, the specific usage here ("a capital increase of USD 20 billion") emphasizes the resulting amount/event, not the abstract process.

Sense 4 is the best fit because the context provides a specific monetary value (USD 20 billion), making the focus the magnitude of the increase.

Therefore, sense_key=increase%1:07:00 is the best choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: circle
Target surface form: circles
Context:
Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state. Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a capital increase of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to <t>circles</t>. A Citigroup spokesman declined to comment.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=circle%1:25:00:: | definition=ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point | examples=he calculated the circumference of the circle
2. sense_key=circle%1:14:00:: | definition=an unofficial association of people or groups | synonyms=set, band, lot | examples=the smart set goes there; they were an angry lot
3. sense_key=circle%1:25:01:: | definition=something approximating the shape of a circle | examples=the chairs were arranged in a circle
4. sense_key=circle%1:04:00:: | definition=movement once around a course | synonyms=lap, circuit | examples=he drove an extra lap just for insurance
5. sense_key=circle%1:06:01:: | definition=a road junction at which traffic streams circularly around a central island | synonyms=traffic circle, rotary, roundabout | examples=the accident blocked all traffic at the rotary
6. sense_key=circle%1:06:03:: | definition=street names for flunitrazepan | synonyms=R-2, Mexican valium, rophy, rope, roofy, roach
7. sense_key=circle%1:06:02:: | definition=a curved section or tier of seats in a hall or theater or opera house; usually the first tier above the orchestra | synonyms=dress circle | examples=they had excellent seats in the dress circle
8. sense_key=circle%1:06:00:: | definition=any circular or rotating mechanism | synonyms=round | examples=the machine punched out metal circles

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target surface form "circles" (plural of "circle") based on the provided context.

Context:
"Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state. Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a capital increase of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to <t>circles</t>. A Citigroup spokesman declined to comment."

Target word: "circles" (referring to the announcement of a capital increase).

Analysis of the context:
The text is about financial news, specifically about banks (Bank of America, Citigroup) raising capital and making announcements regarding financial figures (USD 19 billion, USD 20 billion). The phrase is "reported CNBC with reference to circles."

Analysis of candidate senses:
1. circle%1:25:00: Geometric shape (ellipse, plane curve). Unlikely in a financial news context unless referring to a specific chart shape, but the context suggests a reference to the announcement itself.
2. circle%1:14:00: Unofficial association of people or groups. Irrelevant.
3. circle%1:25:01: Something approximating the shape of a circle. Irrelevant.
4. circle%1:04:00: Movement once around a course (lap, circuit). Possible if referring to a financial cycle, but less likely than a direct reference to the news/announcement.
5. circle%1:06:01: Road junction (roundabout). Irrelevant.
6. circle%1:06:03: Street names for flunitrazepan. Irrelevant.
7. circle%1:06:02: Curved section/tier of seats (dress circle). Irrelevant.
8. circle%1:06:00: Circular or rotating mechanism. Irrelevant.

Re-evaluating the context and senses:
The phrase is "reported CNBC with reference to circles." In journalistic language, when referring to a specific piece of news, a report, or a set of figures, "circles" might be used metaphorically or as a shorthand for a specific group of reports or a specific financial instrument/market segment.

However, none of the provided senses directly map to "news reports" or "financial announcements." I must choose the *best* fit among the given options, even if the fit is weak, or reconsider if there is a common idiomatic use I am missing.

Let's look closely at the structure: "a capital increase of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to circles."

If "circles" is not a typo for "figures" or "reports," what could it mean?

Could it relate to financial cycles or markets?
Sense 4: movement once around a course (lap, circuit). This relates to cycles, which is relevant to finance.

Could it relate to groups of people?
Sense 2: unofficial association of people or groups. Perhaps referring to a group of investors or financial circles.

Let's compare Sense 2 and Sense 4.
Sense 2 (group/set): "with reference to the financial circles." This is a common idiom meaning influential groups or networks.
Sense 4 (cycle/lap): "with reference to the market cycle." This is also possible.

Given the context of a major financial announcement (capital increase), referring to "financial circles" (Sense 2) seems a very plausible interpretation in journalistic language, meaning the news was discussed or originated within specific influential groups or markets.

Let's check the provided examples for Sense 2: "the smart set goes there; they were an angry lot." This confirms the meaning of an exclusive or defined group.

If the intended meaning is "financial circles" (groups of people/investors), Sense 2 is the strongest candidate.

Final check:
Context: Financial news about a capital increase.
Target: circles.
Sense 2: unofficial association of people or groups (financial circles).
Fit: High.

I will select Sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: support
Target surface form: support
Context:
Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state. Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a capital increase of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to circles. A Citigroup spokesman declined to comment. Goldman Sachs, JP Morgan Chase and Morgan Stanley had already repaid their <t>support</t> in June.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=support%1:04:04:: | definition=the activity of providing for or maintaining by supplying with money or necessities | examples=his support kept the family together; they gave him emotional support during difficult times
2. sense_key=support%1:04:00:: | definition=aiding the cause or policy or interests of | examples=the president no longer has the support of his own party; they developed a scheme of mutual support
3. sense_key=support%1:09:00:: | definition=something providing immaterial assistance to a person or cause or interest | examples=the policy found little public support; his faith was all the support he needed
4. sense_key=support%1:04:03:: | definition=a military operation (often involving new supplies of men and materiel) to strengthen a military force or aid in the performance of its mission | synonyms=reinforcement, reenforcement | examples=they called for artillery support
5. sense_key=support%1:04:02:: | definition=documentary validation | synonyms=documentation | examples=his documentation of the results was excellent; the strongest support for this view is the work of Jones
6. sense_key=support%1:21:00:: | definition=the financial means whereby one lives | synonyms=keep, livelihood, living, bread and butter, sustenance | examples=each child was expected to pay for their keep; he applied to the state for support
7. sense_key=support%1:06:01:: | definition=supporting structure that holds up or provides a foundation | examples=the statue stood on a marble support
8. sense_key=support%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of bearing the weight of or strengthening | synonyms=supporting | examples=he leaned against the wall for support
9. sense_key=support%1:10:01:: | definition=a musical part (vocal or instrumental) that supports or provides background for other musical parts | synonyms=accompaniment, musical accompaniment, backup
10. sense_key=support%1:06:00:: | definition=any device that bears the weight of another thing | examples=there was no place to attach supports for a shelf
11. sense_key=support%1:21:01:: | definition=financial resources provided to make some project possible | synonyms=financial support, funding, backing, financial backing | examples=the foundation provided support for the experiment

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is: "Goldman Sachs, JP Morgan Chase and Morgan Stanley had already repaid their <t>support</t> in June."
2.  **Analyze the surrounding text/topic:** The passage discusses major financial institutions (Bank head Kenneth Lewis, American taxpayer, financial crisis, investment bank Merrill Lynch, Citigroup, Goldman Sachs, JP Morgan Chase, Morgan Stanley, capital increase, liabilities). The context is high finance and banking operations.
3.  **Analyze the target word and its usage:** "repaid their support." In a financial context, "repaid" strongly suggests a debt, investment, or financial contribution that was given and is now being returned.
4.  **Examine the candidate senses in light of the context:**

    *   1. (Financial provision/maintaining): "the activity of providing for or maintaining by supplying with money or necessities." (Plausible, but usually used for ongoing aid, not something "repaid.")
    *   2. (Aiding a cause/policy): "aiding the cause or policy or interests of." (Unlikely in this financial context.)
    *   3. (Immaterial assistance): "something providing immaterial assistance to a person or cause or interest." (Unlikely, as "repaid" implies a tangible, quantifiable return.)
    *   4. (Military operation): (Irrelevant.)
    *   5. (Documentary validation): (Irrelevant.)
    *   6. (Financial means of living): "the financial means whereby one lives." (Irrelevant.)
    *   7. (Structural support): (Irrelevant.)
    *   8. (Act of bearing weight): (Irrelevant.)
    *   9. (Musical part): (Irrelevant.)
    *   10. (Device that bears weight): (Irrelevant.)
    *   11. (Financial resources provided): "financial resources provided to make some project possible." Synonyms: "financial support, funding, backing, financial backing." (Highly plausible. If they "repaid their support," it means they returned the money/funding/backing they had provided.)

5.  **Compare the best candidates (1 and 11):**
    *   Sense 1 is general financial provision.
    *   Sense 11 specifically defines "financial resources provided" and includes "funding" and "backing" as synonyms.
    *   Since the context is about banks providing capital/backing to other institutions (implied by the discussion of financial crises and capital increases), and the action is "repaid," Sense 11 is the most precise fit for financial backing/funding that can be repaid.

6.  **Conclusion:** Sense 11 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: appeal
Target surface form: Appeal
Context:
Cheshire <t>Appeal</t> Will Point to Twitter There were half a dozen of them typing away in the courtroom rows.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=appeal%1:10:00:: | definition=earnest or urgent request | synonyms=entreaty, prayer | examples=an entreaty to stop the fighting; an appeal for help
2. sense_key=appeal%1:07:00:: | definition=attractiveness that interests or pleases or stimulates | synonyms=appealingness, charm | examples=his smile was part of his appeal to her
3. sense_key=appeal%1:04:00:: | definition=(law) a legal proceeding in which the appellant resorts to a higher court for the purpose of obtaining a review of a lower court decision and a reversal of the lower court's judgment or the granting of a new trial | examples=their appeal was denied in the superior court
4. sense_key=appeal%1:10:02:: | definition=request for a sum of money | synonyms=solicitation, collection, ingathering | examples=an appeal to raise money for starving children

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
"sense_index": 3
}
```

content:
```json
{
"sense_index": 3
}
```

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "Appeal" in the given context.

Context: "Cheshire <t>Appeal</t> Will Point to Twitter There were half a dozen of them typing away in the courtroom rows."

Candidate Senses:
1. sense_key=appeal%1:10:00:: | definition=earnest or urgent request | synonyms=entreaty, prayer | examples=an entreaty to stop the fighting; an appeal for help
2. sense_key=appeal%1:07:00:: | definition=attractiveness that interests or pleases or stimulates | synonyms=appealingness, charm | examples=his smile was part of his appeal to her
3. sense_key=appeal%1:04:00:: | definition=(law) a legal proceeding in which the appellant resorts to a higher court for the purpose of obtaining a review of a lower court decision and a reversal of the lower court's judgment or the granting of a new trial | examples=their appeal was denied in the superior court
4. sense_key=appeal%1:10:02:: | definition=request for a sum of money | synonyms=solicitation, collection, ingathering | examples=an appeal to raise money for starving children

Analysis of Context:
The context mentions "courtroom rows" and the word "Appeal". This strongly suggests a legal setting.

Evaluation of Senses:
1. Urgent request: Possible, but less specific than the legal context suggests.
2. Attractiveness: Irrelevant to a courtroom setting.
3. Legal proceeding: Matches the context ("courtroom rows") perfectly. The definition explicitly covers legal appeals.
4. Request for money: Irrelevant to a courtroom setting.

Conclusion: Sense 3 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: row
Target surface form: rows
Context:
Cheshire Appeal Will Point to Twitter There were half a dozen of them typing away in the courtroom <t>rows</t>. Minute by minute, they sent out reports of gruesome testimony via Twitter.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=row%1:14:00:: | definition=an arrangement of objects or people side by side in a line | examples=a row of chairs
2. sense_key=row%1:10:00:: | definition=an angry dispute | synonyms=quarrel, wrangle, words, run-in, dustup | examples=they had a quarrel; they had words
3. sense_key=row%1:17:00:: | definition=a long continuous strip (usually running horizontally) | examples=a mackerel sky filled with rows of clouds; rows of barbed wire protected the trenches
4. sense_key=row%1:06:00:: | definition=(construction) a layer of masonry | synonyms=course | examples=a course of bricks
5. sense_key=row%1:14:01:: | definition=a linear array of numbers, letters, or symbols side by side
6. sense_key=row%1:07:00:: | definition=a continuous chronological succession without an interruption | examples=they won the championship three years in a row
7. sense_key=row%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of rowing as a sport | synonyms=rowing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{
"sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "rows" (plural of "row") based on the provided context.

Context: "Cheshire Appeal Will Point to Twitter There were half a dozen of them typing away in the courtroom <t>rows</t>. Minute by minute, they sent out reports of gruesome testimony via Twitter."

Target word: rows

Analysis of the context:
The phrase is "half a dozen of them typing away in the courtroom rows."
"Half a dozen of them" refers to people.
"typing away" suggests activity, likely related to their work or observation.
"in the courtroom rows" indicates where these people are located within a courtroom setting.

Evaluation of candidate senses:

1. sense_key=row%1:14:00:: | definition=an arrangement of objects or people side by side in a line | examples=a row of chairs
    * This fits perfectly. Courtroom rows are seating arrangements for people (the half a dozen individuals).

2. sense_key=row%1:10:00:: | definition=an angry dispute | synonyms=quarrel, wrangle, words, run-in, dustup | examples=they had a quarrel; they had words
    * Incorrect. The context refers to physical location, not a dispute.

3. sense_key=row%1:17:00:: | definition=a long continuous strip (usually running horizontally) | examples=a mackerel sky filled with rows of clouds; rows of barbed wire protected the trenches
    * Possible, but less precise than sense 1. While seating rows are strips, the primary meaning here is the arrangement of people/seats.

4. sense_key=row%1:06:00:: | definition=(construction) a layer of masonry | synonyms=course | examples=a course of bricks
    * Incorrect. Not related to a courtroom or people.

5. sense_key=row%1:14:01:: | definition=a linear array of numbers, letters, or symbols side by side
    * Incorrect. Not related to the physical location of people in a courtroom.

6. sense_key=row%1:07:00:: | definition=a continuous chronological succession without an interruption | examples=they won the championship three years in a row
    * Incorrect. Refers to time, not physical location.

7. sense_key=row%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of rowing as a sport | synonyms=rowing
    * Incorrect. Not related to the context.

Conclusion: Sense 1, "an arrangement of objects or people side by side in a line," is the most accurate description for "rows" in the context of a courtroom seating arrangement.

The required output format is a JSON object with the sense index.
Sense 1 corresponds to index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: report
Target surface form: reports
Context:
Cheshire Appeal Will Point to Twitter There were half a dozen of them typing away in the courtroom rows. Minute by minute, they sent out <t>reports</t> of gruesome testimony via Twitter. In the end, the defense says, there were more than 140,000 Twitter messages about the trial that dealt with rape and children tied to their beds in a house that was set ablaze.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=report%1:10:03:: | definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | synonyms=study, written report | examples=this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
2. sense_key=report%1:10:01:: | definition=the act of informing by verbal report | synonyms=account | examples=he heard reports that they were causing trouble; by all accounts they were a happy couple
3. sense_key=report%1:10:00:: | definition=a short account of the news | synonyms=news report, story, account, write up | examples=the report of his speech; the story was on the 11 o'clock news
4. sense_key=report%1:11:00:: | definition=a sharp explosive sound (especially the sound of a gun firing) | examples=they heard a violent report followed by silence
5. sense_key=report%1:10:04:: | definition=a written evaluation of a student's scholarship and deportment | synonyms=report card | examples=his father signed his report card
6. sense_key=report%1:10:02:: | definition=an essay (especially one written as an assignment) | synonyms=composition, paper, theme | examples=he got an A on his composition
7. sense_key=report%1:09:00:: | definition=the general estimation that the public has for a person | synonyms=reputation | examples=he acquired a reputation as an actor before he started writing; he was a person of bad report

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "reports" in the given context.

Context: "Minute by minute, they sent out <t>reports</t> of gruesome testimony via Twitter."

Target word: reports (plural of report)

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=report%1:10:03:: | definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | synonyms=study, written report | examples=this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
2. sense_key=report%1:10:01:: | definition=the act of informing by verbal report | synonyms=account | examples=he heard reports that they were causing trouble; by all accounts they were a happy couple
3. sense_key=report%1:10:00:: | definition=a short account of the news | synonyms=news report, story, account, write up | examples=the report of his speech; the story was on the 11 o'clock news
4. sense_key=report%1:11:00:: | definition=a sharp explosive sound (especially the sound of a gun firing) | examples=they heard a violent report followed by silence
5. sense_key=report%1:10:04:: | definition=a written evaluation of a student's scholarship and deportment | synonyms=report card | examples=his father signed his report card
6. sense_key=report%1:10:02:: | definition=an essay (especially one written as an assignment) | synonyms=composition, paper, theme | examples=he got an A on his composition
7. sense_key=report%1:09:00:: | definition=the general estimation that the public has for a person | synonyms=reputation | examples=he acquired a reputation as an actor before he started writing; he was a person of bad report

Analysis:
The context states: "Minute by minute, they sent out reports of gruesome testimony via Twitter."
The reports are derived from "gruesome testimony" (information/events happening in a courtroom). They are being disseminated via Twitter (a medium for quick updates/news).

Let's evaluate the senses:
1. (Written document describing findings/study): Plausible, as testimony findings are documented.
2. (Act of informing by verbal report): This is the verb form, but the context uses "reports" as a noun ("sent out reports"). While related, it doesn't fit the noun usage here as well as a document/account.
3. (A short account of the news): Highly plausible. Testimony from a trial is newsworthy information, and Twitter is used for disseminating news/updates. "Reports of gruesome testimony" fits perfectly with "short account of the news."
4. (Explosive sound): Incorrect.
5. (Student evaluation): Incorrect.
6. (Essay/assignment): Incorrect.
7. (Reputation): Incorrect.

Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 3:
Sense 1 focuses on formal findings/studies.
Sense 3 focuses on short accounts of news/events.

Since the reports are being sent out "minute by minute" via Twitter, they are functioning as real-time updates or news coverage of the trial proceedings, rather than a final, formal "study" (Sense 1). Sense 3, "a short account of the news," captures the immediacy and journalistic nature of the communication perfectly.

Therefore, Sense 3 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: testimony
Target surface form: testimony
Context:
Cheshire Appeal Will Point to Twitter There were half a dozen of them typing away in the courtroom rows. Minute by minute, they sent out reports of gruesome <t>testimony</t> via Twitter. In the end, the defense says, there were more than 140,000 Twitter messages about the trial that dealt with rape and children tied to their beds in a house that was set ablaze.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=testimony%1:10:00:: | definition=a solemn statement made under oath
2. sense_key=testimony%1:10:01:: | definition=an assertion offering firsthand authentication of a fact | examples=according to his own testimony he can't do it
3. sense_key=testimony%1:10:02:: | definition=something that serves as evidence | synonyms=testimonial | examples=his effort was testimony to his devotion

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Thinking Process:

1.  **Analyze the Target Word and Context:**
    *   Target word: *testimony*
    *   Context sentence: "Minute by minute, they sent out reports of gruesome <t>testimony</t> via Twitter."
    *   Broader context: The passage discusses a trial ("Cheshire Appeal," "courtroom rows," "defense says," "trial that dealt with rape and children").

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1 (testimony%1:10:00):** "a solemn statement made under oath." (Focuses on the *act* of speaking under oath.)
    *   **Sense 2 (testimony%1:10:01):** "an assertion offering firsthand authentication of a fact." (Focuses on the *content* of the assertion, often related to personal experience.)
    *   **Sense 3 (testimony%1:10:02):** "something that serves as evidence." (Focuses on the *function* of the statement/information in a legal or general context.)

3.  **Evaluate the Contextual Fit:**
    *   The reports are described as "gruesome testimony."
    *   The context is a trial involving serious crimes (rape, children, house ablaze).
    *   The reports are being sent out *about* the trial.
    *   When reports from a trial are summarized as "testimony," they are referring to the information presented by witnesses or the evidence itself.

4.  **Compare Senses to Context:**
    *   *Sense 1 (Solemn statement under oath):* While the original testimony *is* a solemn statement, the word here ("reports of gruesome testimony") is likely referring to the *body* of evidence or the *nature* of the information, not just the specific moment of oath-taking.
    *   *Sense 2 (Assertion offering firsthand authentication):* This is close, as witness statements are assertions. However, Sense 3 is broader and better captures the function of the information in the context of a legal proceeding.
    *   *Sense 3 (Something that serves as evidence):* This is the most encompassing and accurate fit. The "gruesome testimony" is the material (the evidence/statements) that the trial is built upon. The reports are summarizing this evidence.

5.  **Conclusion:** Sense 3, "something that serves as evidence," is the best fit for "gruesome testimony" in the context of a trial report.

6.  **Format the Output:** Ensure the output is a JSON object with the correct structure.