[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: show
Target surface form: shown
Context:
For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta <t>shown</t> during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=show%2:39:02:: | definition=give an exhibition of to an interested audience | synonyms=demo, exhibit, present, demonstrate | examples=She shows her dogs frequently; We will demo the new software in Washington
2. sense_key=show%2:31:00:: | definition=establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment | synonyms=prove, demonstrate, establish, shew | examples=The experiment demonstrated the instability of the compound; The mathematician showed the validity of the conjecture
3. sense_key=show%2:32:00:: | definition=provide evidence for | synonyms=testify, bear witness, prove, evidence | examples=The blood test showed that he was the father; Her behavior testified to her incompetence
4. sense_key=show%2:39:00:: | definition=make visible or noticeable | examples=She showed her talent for cooking; Show me your etchings, please
5. sense_key=show%2:36:00:: | definition=show in, or as in, a picture | synonyms=picture, depict, render | examples=This scene depicts country life; the face of the child is rendered with much tenderness in this painting
6. sense_key=show%2:32:02:: | definition=give expression to | synonyms=express, evince | examples=She showed her disappointment
7. sense_key=show%2:32:01:: | definition=indicate a place, direction, person, or thing; either spatially or figuratively | synonyms=indicate, point, designate | examples=I showed the customer the glove section; He pointed to the empty parking space
8. sense_key=show%2:39:01:: | definition=be or become visible or noticeable | synonyms=show up | examples=His good upbringing really shows; The dirty side will show
9. sense_key=show%2:32:04:: | definition=indicate a certain reading; of gauges and instruments | synonyms=read, register, record | examples=The thermometer showed thirteen degrees below zero; The gauge read `empty'
10. sense_key=show%2:32:03:: | definition=give evidence of, as of records | examples=The diary shows his distress that evening
11. sense_key=show%2:38:00:: | definition=take (someone) to their seats, as in theaters or auditoriums | synonyms=usher | examples=The usher showed us to our seats
12. sense_key=show%2:33:00:: | definition=finish third or better in a horse or dog race | examples=he bet $2 on number six to show

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is: "What benefit has Alimta <t>shown</t> during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma."
2.  **Identify the target word and its form:** Target lemma is 'show', target surface form is 'shown' (past participle).
3.  **Determine the meaning required:** The question asks what *benefit* (a result, an effect) Alimta *has shown*. The answer clarifies that Alimta *increased the survival time*. Therefore, 'shown' here means to demonstrate or provide evidence of a positive outcome/effect.
4.  **Examine the candidate senses:**
    *   1. give an exhibition of (Demo/Exhibit) - Incorrect.
    *   2. establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment (Prove/Demonstrate) - Plausible, relates to proving effectiveness.
    *   3. provide evidence for (Testify/Bear witness/Prove/Evidence) - Highly plausible. Benefits are evidence of effectiveness.
    *   4. make visible or noticeable - Too literal/visual. Incorrect.
    *   5. show in, or as in, a picture (Depict/Render) - Incorrect.
    *   6. give expression to (Express/Evince) - Incorrect.
    *   7. indicate a place, direction, person, or thing (Point/Designate) - Incorrect.
    *   8. be or become visible or noticeable (Show up) - Incorrect.
    *   9. indicate a certain reading (Read/Register) - Incorrect (relates to instruments).
    *   10. give evidence of, as of records - Plausible, but perhaps less direct than sense 3.
    *   11. take (someone) to their seats (Usher) - Incorrect.
    *   12. finish third or better in a race - Incorrect.
5.  **Compare the best candidates (2, 3, 10):**
    *   Sense 2: establish the validity of something (e.g., proving a theory).
    *   Sense 3: provide evidence for (e.g., a test providing evidence of a condition).
    *   Sense 10: give evidence of, as of records (e.g., a diary showing distress).
6.  **Select the best fit:** The context is scientific/medical research ("during the studies"). The benefit (increased survival time) is the *evidence* of the drug's effectiveness. Sense 3, "provide evidence for," perfectly captures the idea that the studies provided evidence *for* the benefit. Sense 2 is close, but "provide evidence for" (Sense 3) is a more precise fit for reporting results in a study.
7.  **Final Check:** "What benefit has Alimta provided evidence for during the studies?" This matches the meaning of the context.
8.  **Format the output.**


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: study
Target surface form: studies
Context:
For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the <t>studies</t>? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=study%1:04:00:: | definition=a detailed critical inspection | synonyms=survey
2. sense_key=study%1:09:03:: | definition=applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading) | synonyms=work | examples=mastering a second language requires a lot of work; no schools offer graduate study in interior design
3. sense_key=study%1:10:00:: | definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | synonyms=report, written report | examples=this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
4. sense_key=study%1:09:04:: | definition=a state of deep mental absorption | examples=she is in a deep study
5. sense_key=study%1:06:00:: | definition=a room used for reading and writing and studying | examples=he knocked lightly on the closed door of the study
6. sense_key=study%1:09:02:: | definition=a branch of knowledge | synonyms=discipline, subject, subject area, subject field, field, field of study | examples=in what discipline is his doctorate?; teachers should be well trained in their subject
7. sense_key=study%1:06:01:: | definition=preliminary drawing for later elaboration | synonyms=sketch | examples=he made several studies before starting to paint
8. sense_key=study%1:09:01:: | definition=attentive consideration and meditation | synonyms=cogitation | examples=after much cogitation he rejected the offer
9. sense_key=study%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who memorizes quickly and easily (as the lines for a part in a play) | examples=he is a quick study
10. sense_key=study%1:10:01:: | definition=a composition intended to develop one aspect of the performer's technique | examples=a study in spiccato bowing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "studies" (plural of "study") based on the provided context.

Context: "For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the <t>studies</t>? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma."

The word "studies" refers to clinical trials or research projects investigating the drug Alimta's effectiveness in treating cancer.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. **sense_key=study%1:04:00:: | definition=a detailed critical inspection | synonyms=survey**: This relates to the *act* of inspecting, but the context refers to the *results* of the investigation (the trials themselves).
2. **sense_key=study%1:09:03:: | definition=applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading) | synonyms=work**: This is about academic learning, not clinical research.
3. **sense_key=study%1:10:00:: | definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | synonyms=report, written report**: This refers to the *output* (the report), but the context uses "study" to refer to the entire research effort/trial.
4. **sense_key=study%1:09:04:: | definition=a state of deep mental absorption**: This is about concentration. Incorrect.
5. **sense_key=study%1:06:00:: | definition=a room used for reading and writing and studying | synonyms=**: This is a physical location. Incorrect.
6. **sense_key=study%1:09:02:: | definition=a branch of knowledge | synonyms=discipline, subject, subject area, subject field, field, field of study | examples=in what discipline is his doctorate?; teachers should be well trained in their subject**: This refers to a field of science (e.g., oncology), not the specific research project.
7. **sense_key=study%1:06:01:: | definition=preliminary drawing for later elaboration | synonyms=sketch**: This is an artistic term. Incorrect.
8. **sense_key=study%1:09:01:: | definition=attentive consideration and meditation | synonyms=cogitation**: This is the act of thinking deeply. Incorrect.
9. **sense_key=study%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who memorizes quickly and easily (as the lines for a part in a play) | examples=he is a quick study**: This refers to a person. Incorrect.
10. **sense_key=study%1:10:01:: | definition=a composition intended to develop one aspect of the performer's technique | examples=a study in spiccato bowing**: This is a musical term. Incorrect.

Wait, none of the provided senses perfectly capture the meaning of "clinical trial" or "research investigation." Let me re-examine the candidates and the context.

Context usage: "Alimta has been studied in one main study..." and "In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived."

The word "study" here means a formal piece of research or investigation.

Let's look closely at Sense 1:
1. **sense_key=study%1:04:00:: | definition=a detailed critical inspection | synonyms=survey**: A clinical trial is fundamentally a detailed critical inspection of a treatment's effects. This is the closest conceptual match among the options, even if it doesn't explicitly use the phrase "clinical trial."

Let's look closely at Sense 3:
3. **sense_key=study%1:10:00:: | definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | synonyms=report, written report**: While the *results* are documented in a report, the word "study" in the context ("in one main study") refers to the entire process, not just the final document.

Given the options, Sense 1 ("a detailed critical inspection") best captures the nature of a scientific investigation or clinical trial, which is what the context describes.

I will select Sense 1.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: increase
Target surface form: increased
Context:
The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta <t>increased</t> the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=increase%2:30:00:: | definition=become bigger or greater in amount | examples=The amount of work increased
2. sense_key=increase%2:30:02:: | definition=make bigger or more | examples=The boss finally increased her salary; The university increased the number of students it admitted

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
"sense_index": 2
}
```

content:
```json
{
"sense_index": 2
}
```

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the target word "increased" (the past tense of "increase") based on the provided context.

Target lemma: increase
Target surface form: increased
Context: "Alimta <t>increased</t> the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=increase%2:30:00:: | definition=become bigger or greater in amount | examples=The amount of work increased
2. sense_key=increase%2:30:02:: | definition=make bigger or more | examples=The boss finally increased her salary; The university increased the number of students it admitted

Analysis:
The sentence is: "Alimta increased the survival time of patients..."
Here, Alimta is the agent causing the change in survival time.
The change is from 9.3 months (cisplatin alone) to 12.1 months (Alimta + cisplatin).
This means Alimta *caused* the survival time to become bigger/greater.

Let's evaluate the senses:
1. sense_key=increase%2:30:00: "become bigger or greater in amount". This is an intransitive sense (the amount increased by itself). The context uses "Alimta increased...", making it transitive.
2. sense_key=increase%2:30:02: "make bigger or more". This is a transitive sense (Alimta made the survival time bigger/more). This perfectly matches the usage in the context.

Conclusion: Sense 2 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: survival
Target surface form: survival
Context:
The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the <t>survival</t> time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=survival%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of surviving; remaining alive | synonyms=endurance
2. sense_key=survival%1:22:00:: | definition=a natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment | synonyms=survival of the fittest, natural selection, selection
3. sense_key=survival%1:04:00:: | definition=something that survives

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
"sense_index": 1
}
```

content:
```json
{
"sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the target word "survival" based on the provided context.

Context analysis:
The text discusses clinical studies involving cancer treatments (Alimta, cisplatin, docetaxel, gemcitabine).
Key phrases:
1. "In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived."
2. "Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma."
3. "Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone."

The context clearly relates "survival" to the duration of life of patients undergoing medical treatment for cancer.

Candidate senses:
1. `sense_key=survival%1:26:00`: | definition=a state of surviving; remaining alive | synonyms=endurance. (Relates to being alive/remaining alive.)
2. `sense_key=survival%1:22:00`: | definition=a natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment | synonyms=survival of the fittest, natural selection, selection. (Relates to biological evolution.)
3. `sense_key=survival%1:04:00`: | definition=something that survives. (A general noun referring to something that persists.)

Evaluation:
Sense 2 (evolutionary survival) is clearly incorrect as the context is medical/clinical.
Sense 3 (something that survives) is too general and doesn't capture the specific meaning of 'remaining alive' in a medical context.
Sense 1 (a state of surviving; remaining alive) perfectly matches the context, where "survival time" refers to the duration a patient remains alive.

Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.

Wait, the instructions require me to return the JSON object with the sense index. I need to map the chosen sense (Sense 1) to its index (1).

Let's re-read the instructions regarding the output format:
"Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}."

My chosen sense is Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: time
Target surface form: time
Context:
The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival <t>time</t> of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=time%1:11:00:: | definition=an instance or single occasion for some event | synonyms=clip | examples=this time he succeeded; he called four times
2. sense_key=time%1:28:05:: | definition=a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something | examples=take time to smell the roses; I didn't have time to finish
3. sense_key=time%1:28:00:: | definition=an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities) | examples=he waited a long time; the time of year for planting
4. sense_key=time%1:28:06:: | definition=a suitable moment | examples=it is time to go
5. sense_key=time%1:03:00:: | definition=the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past
6. sense_key=time%1:11:01:: | definition=a person's experience on a particular occasion | examples=he had a time holding back the tears; they had a good time together
7. sense_key=time%1:28:03:: | definition=a reading of a point in time as given by a clock | synonyms=clock time | examples=do you know what time it is?; the time is 10 o'clock
8. sense_key=time%1:28:04:: | definition=the fourth coordinate that is required (along with three spatial dimensions) to specify a physical event | synonyms=fourth dimension
9. sense_key=time%1:07:01:: | definition=rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration | synonyms=meter, metre
10. sense_key=time%1:28:01:: | definition=the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned | synonyms=prison term, sentence | examples=he served a prison term of 15 months; his sentence was 5 to 10 years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "time" in the given context.

Context: "Alimta increased the survival <t>time</t> of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone."

The word "time" here refers to the duration of survival (12.1 months, 9.3 months).

Let's analyze the candidate senses:

1. `time%1:11:00`: an instance or single occasion for some event (e.g., "this time he succeeded"). -> Incorrect. Refers to a specific event occurrence, not duration.
2. `time%1:28:05`: a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something (e.g., "take time to smell the roses"). -> Incorrect. Focuses on duration as a resource/effort.
3. `time%1:28:00`: an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities) (e.g., "he waited a long time; the time of year for planting"). -> This sense covers periods of duration. The context is about the *length* of survival, which is a period of time.
4. `time%1:28:06`: a suitable moment (e.g., "it is time to go"). -> Incorrect. Refers to a specific point/moment.
5. `time%1:03:00`: the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past. -> Too abstract/philosophical for measuring survival duration.
6. `time%1:11:01`: a person's experience on a particular occasion. -> Incorrect. Refers to experience/enjoyment.
7. `time%1:28:03`: a reading of a point in time as given by a clock (e.g., "the time is 10 o'clock"). -> Incorrect. Refers to clock time.
8. `time%1:28:04`: the fourth coordinate that is required... to specify a physical event. -> Incorrect. Physics/relativity concept.
9. `time%1:07:01`: rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration (e.g., "meter, metre"). -> Incorrect. Musical/metrical sense.
10. `time%1:28:01`: the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned (e.g., "prison term"). -> Too specific.

The context uses "survival time" and provides measurements in months (12.1 months, 9.3 months). This refers to the length of the period during which the patients lived.

Sense 3 (`time%1:28:00`): "an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)". This is the best fit for a measured duration like "survival time."

Therefore, sense 3 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: patients
Context:
The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of <t>patients</t> with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the target word "patients" (plural of "patient") based on the provided context.

Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: patients
Context: The text discusses clinical studies involving cancer treatments (Alimta, cisplatin, docetaxel, gemcitabine) for non-small cell lung cancer and malignant pleural mesothelioma. It mentions survival times and treatment groups.
Specific sentence containing the target word: "Alimta increased the survival time of <t>patients</t> with malignant pleural mesothelioma."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Analysis:
The context is a medical/scientific report detailing clinical trials. The word "patients" refers to the individuals participating in these medical studies who are suffering from diseases (non-small cell lung cancer, malignant pleural mesothelioma) and receiving treatment.

Sense 1: "a person who requires medical care". This perfectly matches the usage of "patients" in a clinical trial setting.
Sense 2: "the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause". This is a linguistic/syntactic definition (semantic role labeling), not the lexical meaning of the noun "patient" in this context.

Conclusion: Sense 1 is the correct lexical meaning.

I need to return the JSON object with the index of the chosen sense.
Sense 1 corresponds to index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: Patients
Context:
For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. <t>Patients</t> receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: patient
    *   Target surface form: Patients
    *   Context: "For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. [...] In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators."
    *   The context clearly refers to individuals who are receiving medical treatment (for lung cancer) and are subjects of a clinical study.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   **Sense 1 (patient%1:18:00):** Definition: "a person who requires medical care." Example: "the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly."
    *   **Sense 2 (patient%1:10:00):** Definition: "the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause." Synonyms: "affected role, patient role."

3.  **Match the context to the senses:**
    *   The context uses "patients" to refer to the *people* participating in the cancer study ("571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease").
    *   Sense 1 defines "a person who requires medical care." This perfectly matches the meaning of the individuals in the clinical trial.
    *   Sense 2 defines a *grammatical/semantic role* (the patient role in a verb structure, e.g., "The doctor treated the patient"). This is an abstract linguistic concept, not the concrete person being discussed.

4.  **Select the best sense:**
    *   Sense 1 is the correct denotation for the word used in the context.

5.  **Format the output:**
    *   The chosen sense is Sense 1.
    *   The required output format is `{"sense_index": N}`. (Note: The prompt uses 1-based indexing for the candidates provided).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: survive
Target surface form: survived
Context:
For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin <t>survived</t> for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=survive%2:42:01:: | definition=continue to live through hardship or adversity | synonyms=last, live, live on, go, endure, hold up | examples=We went without water and food for 3 days; These superstitions survive in the backwaters of America
2. sense_key=survive%2:42:02:: | definition=continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.) | synonyms=pull through, pull round, come through, make it | examples=He survived the cancer against all odds
3. sense_key=survive%2:42:00:: | definition=support oneself | synonyms=exist, live, subsist | examples=he could barely exist on such a low wage; Can you live on $2000 a month in New York City?
4. sense_key=survive%2:42:03:: | definition=live longer than | synonyms=outlive, outlast | examples=She outlived her husband by many years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "survived" in the given context.
The target lemma is "survive".
The context is: "Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin <t>survived</t> for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone."

The context relates to medical studies, cancer treatment, and measuring "survival time" (how long patients lived).

Let's analyze the candidate senses:

1. **sense_key=survive%2:42:01**: | definition=continue to live through hardship or adversity | synonyms=last, live, live on, go, endure, hold up | examples=We went without water and food for 3 days; These superstitions survive in the backwaters of America.
    * This sense focuses on enduring hardship/adversity. While cancer treatment is a hardship, the focus here is on the *duration* of life, not necessarily the act of enduring a specific event (like an accident).

2. **sense_key=survive%2:42:02**: | definition=continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.) | synonyms=pull through, pull round, come through, make it | examples=He survived the cancer against all odds.
    * This sense is about making it through a critical event or period (e.g., surviving an illness). This is plausible, but the context emphasizes the *length* of survival (12.1 months vs 9.3 months).

3. **sense_key=survive%2:42:00**: | definition=support oneself | synonyms=exist, live, subsist | examples=he could barely exist on such a low wage; Can you live on $2000 a month in New York City?
    * This sense relates to sustenance or financial support. This is clearly incorrect in a medical context.

4. **sense_key=survive%2:42:03**: | definition=live longer than | synonyms=outlive, outlast | examples=She outlived her husband by many years.
    * This sense relates to exceeding a lifespan or duration. While the context compares two groups' survival times (12.1 months vs 9.3 months), the verb "survived" here is used in the sense of *lasting* for a certain period, not necessarily *outliving* another specific person or event in a comparative sense (though the comparison is implied by the data).

Re-evaluating the context: "Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months..."
This phrase means their average lifespan *was* 12.1 months.

Let's look closer at the definitions and examples again, focusing on the concept of duration/lifespan in a medical context.

*   Sense 1 (continue to live through hardship): Fits the general idea of living through cancer, but is broad.
*   Sense 2 (continue in existence after adversity): Fits the idea of making it through the disease.
*   Sense 4 (live longer than): This sense is about comparison (A lived longer than B). While the data is comparative, the sentence structure ("survived for an average of X months") is stating the duration of life for the group, not comparing them to a specific benchmark or another group in the clause.

In medical literature, "survival time" usually refers to the duration of life post-treatment. This concept is best captured by the general idea of continuing to live, especially through a difficult period (cancer).

Sense 2: "continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.)" - This captures the idea of living through the cancer treatment and disease. The example "He survived the cancer against all odds" strongly aligns with the context of cancer treatment.

Sense 1: "continue to live through hardship or adversity" - This is very close to Sense 2.

If I must choose the *single best* fit:
The context is about the duration of life *after* receiving treatment for cancer.
Sense 2 ("continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.)") is the most precise fit for surviving a disease/illness (the adversity).

Let's confirm the distinction between Sense 1 and Sense 2.
Sense 1 emphasizes the *act* of enduring (e.g., surviving a famine).
Sense 2 emphasizes the *result* of continuing existence despite the adversity (e.g., surviving the cancer).

Given the medical context (cancer treatment), Sense 2 is the most appropriate interpretation of "survived."

Final check:
Context: Patients survived for 12.1 months (i.e., they continued to exist despite the cancer).
Sense 2: definition=continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.). Matches perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: average
Target surface form: average
Context:
For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an <t>average</t> of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=average%1:09:00:: | definition=a statistic describing the location of a distribution | synonyms=norm | examples=it set the norm for American homes
2. sense_key=average%1:24:00:: | definition=(sports) the ratio of successful performances to opportunities
3. sense_key=average%1:09:01:: | definition=an intermediate scale value regarded as normal or usual | examples=he is about average in height; the snowfall this month is below average

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "average" in the given context.

Context: "Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an <t>average</t> of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone."

Target word: average

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=average%1:09:00:: | definition=a statistic describing the location of a distribution | synonyms=norm | examples=it set the norm for American homes
2. sense_key=average%1:24:00:: | definition=(sports) the ratio of successful performances to opportunities | synonyms=success rate | examples=the team's average score was 3 points
3. sense_key=average%1:09:01:: | definition=an intermediate scale value regarded as normal or usual | synonyms=medium, typical | examples=he is about average in height; the snowfall this month is below average

Analysis:
The context discusses survival times (12.1 months and 9.3 months) in a medical study. The phrase is "an average of 12.1 months." This refers to a typical or calculated central value of the survival times for the group.

Let's evaluate the senses:
1. sense_key=average%1:09:00: Definition is "a statistic describing the location of a distribution." This perfectly matches calculating the mean (average) survival time. Synonyms include 'norm'.
2. sense_key=average%1:24:00: Definition is related to sports ratios. This is irrelevant to medical survival statistics.
3. sense_key=average%1:09:01: Definition is "an intermediate scale value regarded as normal or usual." While 'average' can mean typical, in the context of "an average of 12.1 months" (a calculated data point), the statistical meaning (Sense 1) is more precise than the general descriptive meaning (Sense 3).

Conclusion: Sense 1, which defines average as a statistic describing the location of a distribution, is the most accurate fit for "an average of 12.1 months" in a clinical trial context.

Wait, the instructions require me to return the index number corresponding to the chosen sense.
Sense 1 corresponds to index 1.
Sense 2 corresponds to index 2.
Sense 3 corresponds to index 3.

I choose Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: month
Target surface form: months
Context:
For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 <t>months</t>, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=month%1:28:01:: | definition=one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year | synonyms=calendar month | examples=he paid the bill last month
2. sense_key=month%1:28:00:: | definition=a time unit of approximately 30 days | examples=he was given a month to pay the bill

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "months" (plural of "month") based on the provided context.

Context snippet: "Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 <t>months</t>, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone."

Target lemma: month
Target surface form: months

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=month%1:28:01:: | definition=one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year | synonyms=calendar month | examples=he paid the bill last month
2. sense_key=month%1:28:00:: | definition=a time unit of approximately 30 days | examples=he was given a month to pay the bill

Analysis:
The word "months" is used here in the phrase "survived for an average of 12.1 months". This refers to a duration of time (survival time).

Sense 1 (calendar month): Refers to January, February, etc. This is clearly not the meaning here.
Sense 2 (a time unit of approximately 30 days): Refers to a period of time, which fits the context of survival duration.

Conclusion: Sense 2 is the correct sense.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: compare
Target surface form: compared
Context:
For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, <t>compared</t> with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=compare%2:31:00:: | definition=examine and note the similarities or differences of | examples=John compared his haircut to his friend's; We compared notes after we had both seen the movie
2. sense_key=compare%2:42:00:: | definition=be comparable | examples=This car does not compare with our line of Mercedes
3. sense_key=compare%2:31:01:: | definition=consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous | synonyms=liken, equate | examples=We can compare the Han dynasty to the Romans; You cannot equate success in financial matters with greed
4. sense_key=compare%2:32:00:: | definition=to form the comparative or superlative form on an adjective or adverb

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "compared" (past tense of "compare") based on the provided context.

Context snippet: "Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, <t>compared</t> with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone."

The word "compared" is used here to draw a contrast or show a difference between two groups (those receiving Alimta + cisplatin vs. those receiving cisplatin alone) regarding their survival times (12.1 months vs. 9.3 months).

Let's analyze the candidate senses:

1. **sense_key=compare%2:31:00:: | definition=examine and note the similarities or differences of | examples=John compared his haircut to his friend's; We compared notes after we had both seen the movie**
   * This sense involves examining differences/similarities. The context clearly involves noting the difference in survival times (12.1 vs 9.3). This is a strong candidate.

2. **sense_key=compare%2:42:00:: | definition=be comparable | examples=This car does not compare with our line of Mercedes**
   * This sense is used predicatively (e.g., "The car is not comparable to..."). Here, "compared with" is used as a transitive verb phrase indicating a comparison action, not a state of being comparable. Less likely.

3. **sense_key=compare%2:31:01:: | definition=consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous | synonyms=liken, equate | examples=We can compare the Han dynasty to the Romans; You cannot equate success in financial matters with greed**
   * This sense focuses on finding similarities or drawing analogies (liken/equate). While the context *is* a comparison, the primary function here is to highlight the *difference* in outcomes (12.1 > 9.3). However, the definition "consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous" is often used broadly for comparison. Let's re-examine the usage. "Compared with" here means "when compared to" or "in comparison to." This fits the general idea of drawing a relationship between two things.

4. **sense_key=compare%2:32:00:: | definition=to form the comparative or superlative form on an adjective or adverb**
   * This is grammatical usage (e.g., "bigger," "more quickly"). Not applicable here.

Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 3:
* Sense 1: "examine and note the similarities or differences of." (Focus on the act of observation/noting the difference).
* Sense 3: "consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous." (Focus on the relationship/likening).

The context is: "Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone."
The purpose is to *note the difference* (12.1 vs 9.3).

Sense 1 ("examine and note the similarities or differences of") captures the action of noting the difference perfectly.
Sense 3 ("consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous") is slightly skewed towards similarity/analogy, although comparison inherently involves both.

Given the strong emphasis on the numerical difference (12.1 vs 9.3), Sense 1 is the most precise fit for the function of the word in this scientific/medical context.

Therefore, Sense 1 is the best choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: month
Target surface form: months
Context:
For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 <t>months</t> in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=month%1:28:01:: | definition=one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year | synonyms=calendar month | examples=he paid the bill last month
2. sense_key=month%1:28:00:: | definition=a time unit of approximately 30 days | examples=he was given a month to pay the bill

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{
"sense_index": 2
}
```

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "months" (plural of "month") based on the provided context.

Context snippet: "Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 <t>months</t> in those receiving cisplatin alone."

Target lemma: month
Target surface form: months

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=month%1:28:01:: | definition=one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year | synonyms=calendar month | examples=he paid the bill last month
2. sense_key=month%1:28:00:: | definition=a time unit of approximately 30 days | examples=he was given a month to pay the bill

Analysis:
The context discusses patient survival time ("survived for an average of 12.1 months"). When discussing survival time or duration in a medical/scientific context, "months" refers to a unit of time (a duration), not a specific calendar month (like January or July).

Sense 1 (calendar month): Refers to a specific division of the calendar year (e.g., "last month"). This does not fit the context of "12.1 months of survival."
Sense 2 (time unit of approximately 30 days): Refers to a general duration of time. This perfectly fits the context of measuring survival time (12.1 months).

Conclusion: Sense 2 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: treatment
Target surface form: treatment
Context:
Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the <t>treatment</t> of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=treatment%1:04:00:: | definition=care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury) | synonyms=intervention
2. sense_key=treatment%1:04:01:: | definition=the management of someone or something | synonyms=handling | examples=the handling of prisoners; the treatment of water sewage
3. sense_key=treatment%1:07:00:: | definition=a manner of dealing with something artistically | examples=his treatment of space borrows from Italian architecture
4. sense_key=treatment%1:10:00:: | definition=an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic | synonyms=discussion, discourse | examples=the book contains an excellent discussion of modal logic; his treatment of the race question is badly biased

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: treatment
    *   Target surface form: treatment
    *   Context sentence: "In the <t>treatment</t> of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators."
    *   Surrounding context: The passage discusses clinical studies, anticancer medicines (Alimta, gemcitabine, cisplatin, docetaxel), survival times, and patients with lung cancer and mesothelioma.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   Sense 1: definition=care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury) | synonyms=intervention. (Highly relevant to medicine/illness.)
    *   Sense 2: definition=the management of someone or something | synonyms=handling | examples=the handling of prisoners; the treatment of water sewage. (General management, less specific to medical care.)
    *   Sense 3: definition=a manner of dealing with something artistically | examples=his treatment of space borrows from Italian architecture. (Artistic/aesthetic context. Irrelevant.)
    *   Sense 4: definition=an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic | synonyms=discussion, discourse | examples=the book contains an excellent discussion of modal logic; his treatment of the race question is badly biased. (Academic/discursive context. Irrelevant.)

3.  **Match context to senses:**
    *   The context is entirely medical (lung cancer, anticancer medicine, survival time, Alimta, cisplatin).
    *   The phrase "In the treatment of patients..." clearly refers to the medical care or regimen given to the patients.
    *   Sense 1 ("care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury)") perfectly matches this medical context.
    *   Sense 2 is too general, while Sense 1 is specific to the medical domain presented.
    *   Senses 3 and 4 are clearly wrong.

4.  **Select the best sense:** Sense 1.

5.  **Format the output:** Return the JSON object with the correct sense index.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: patients
Context:
Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of <t>patients</t> with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the target word "patients" (plural of "patient").
The context provided is about a clinical study comparing anticancer medicines (Alimta, gemcitabine, cisplatin) for lung cancer.

Context snippets:
1. "...a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past."
2. "...how long the patients survived."
3. "Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma."
4. "Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months..."
5. "In the treatment of <t>patients</t> with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators."
6. "In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta..."

Candidate senses:
1. `sense_key=patient%1:18:00`: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. `sense_key=patient%1:10:00`: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Analysis:
The word "patients" in the context refers to individuals participating in a medical study, receiving treatment for cancer.

Sense 1: "a person who requires medical care". This perfectly matches the usage in the context (people undergoing cancer treatment).
Sense 2: "the semantic role of an entity... affected by the happening". This is a grammatical/linguistic definition (the 'patient' role in syntax/semantics), not the definition of the noun itself when referring to people.

Conclusion: Sense 1 is the correct sense.

The required output format is a JSON object with the sense index. Since the candidates are numbered 1 and 2, I must choose the index corresponding to Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cell
Target surface form: cell
Context:
Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small <t>cell</t> lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cell%1:06:03:: | definition=any small compartment | examples=the cells of a honeycomb
2. sense_key=cell%1:03:00:: | definition=(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
3. sense_key=cell%1:06:00:: | definition=a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction | synonyms=electric cell
4. sense_key=cell%1:14:00:: | definition=a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement | synonyms=cadre
5. sense_key=cell%1:06:04:: | definition=a hand-held mobile radiotelephone for use in an area divided into small sections, each with its own short-range transmitter/receiver | synonyms=cellular telephone, cellular phone, cellphone, mobile phone
6. sense_key=cell%1:06:02:: | definition=small room in which a monk or nun lives | synonyms=cubicle
7. sense_key=cell%1:06:01:: | definition=a room where a prisoner is kept | synonyms=jail cell, prison cell

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "cell" in the given context.

Context: "In the treatment of patients with non-small <t>cell</t> lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators."

Target word: cell
Contextual phrase: non-small cell lung cancer

Candidate senses:
1. cell%1:06:03: any small compartment (e.g., honeycomb cells)
2. cell%1:03:00: (biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms (e.g., cells forming tissues)
3. cell%1:06:00: a device that delivers an electric current (battery/voltaic cell)
4. cell%1:14:00: a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement (political cell)
5. cell%1:06:04: a hand-held mobile radiotelephone (mobile phone)
6. cell%1:06:02: small room in which a monk or nun lives (monk's cell)
7. cell%1:06:01: a room where a prisoner is kept (prison cell)

Analysis:
The context is medical/oncological: "non-small cell lung cancer".
In biology and medicine, cancer is characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells. "Non-small cell lung cancer" is a specific classification of lung cancer based on the type of cells involved.

Let's evaluate the senses:
1. Compartment: Unlikely in the context of cancer type classification.
2. Basic structural and functional unit of all organisms (Biology): This perfectly matches the biological context of cancer cells.
3. Electric device: Irrelevant.
4. Political unit: Irrelevant.
5. Phone: Irrelevant.
6. Monk's room: Irrelevant.
7. Prison room: Irrelevant.

The best fit is sense 2, which refers to the biological unit of life.

Final check: "non-small cell lung cancer" refers to cancer originating from non-small cells in the lung tissue. This aligns with sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: effective
Target surface form: effective
Context:
Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as <t>effective</t> as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=effective%3:00:00:: | definition=producing or capable of producing an intended result or having a striking effect; -LewisMumford | synonyms=effectual, efficacious | examples=an air-cooled motor was more effective than a witch's broomstick for rapid long-distance transportation; effective teaching methods
2. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:competent:00 | definition=able to accomplish a purpose; functioning effectively; -G.B.Shaw | synonyms=efficient | examples=people who will do nothing unless they get something out of it for themselves are often highly effective persons...; effective personnel
3. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:efficacious:00 | definition=works well as a means or remedy | examples=an effective reprimand; a lotion that is effective in cases of prickly heat
4. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:operative:00 | definition=exerting force or influence | synonyms=good, in effect, in force | examples=the law is effective immediately; a warranty good for two years
5. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:actual:00 | definition=existing in fact; not theoretical; real | examples=a decline in the effective demand; confused increased equipment and expenditure with the quantity of effective work done
6. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:operational:00 | definition=ready for service | examples=the fort was held by about 100 effective soldiers

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is: "In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as <t>effective</t> as the comparators." The surrounding text discusses clinical trials, anticancer medicines (Alimta, gemcitabine, cisplatin, docetaxel), patient survival times, and the "main measure of effectiveness" (how long patients survived).

2.  **Determine the meaning of 'effective' in context:** Here, 'effective' refers to the drug's ability to produce a desired therapeutic outcome (i.e., improving survival or treating the cancer).

3.  **Examine the candidate senses:**
    *   1. `effective%3`: producing or capable of producing an intended result or having a striking effect. (Synonyms: effectual, efficacious). This aligns well with a drug producing a therapeutic result.
    *   2. `effective%5:00:00:competent`: able to accomplish a purpose; functioning effectively. (Synonyms: efficient). This is more about capability or competence, less specifically about therapeutic success.
    *   3. `effective%5:00:00:efficacious`: works well as a means or remedy. (Examples: an effective reprimand; a lotion that is effective in cases of prickly heat). This is highly specific to remedies/treatments and matches the context perfectly (Alimta is a treatment/remedy).
    *   4. `effective%5:00:00:operative`: exerting force or influence. (Synonyms: good, in effect, in force). This relates to status or force, not therapeutic quality.
    *   5. `effective%5:00:00:actual`: existing in fact; not theoretical; real. This relates to reality/existence.
    *   6. `effective%5:00:00:operational`: ready for service. This relates to readiness.

4.  **Compare the best candidates (1 and 3):**
    *   Sense 1 (`effective%3`): "producing or capable of producing an intended result."
    *   Sense 3 (`effective%5:00:00:efficacious`): "works well as a means or remedy."
    *   Since the context is explicitly about a drug (Alimta) being used in "treatment," Sense 3, which specifically links effectiveness to being a "means or remedy," is the most precise and fine-grained fit.

5.  **Select the final sense:** Sense 3.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: patients
Context:
In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In <t>patients</t> who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{
"sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: patient
    *   Target surface form: patients
    *   Context: The text discusses medical studies, effectiveness measures (survival time), treatments (Alimta, cisplatin, docetaxel), and specific diseases (malignant pleural mesothelioma, non-small cell lung cancer). Examples include: "how long the patients survived," "patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma," "In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer," "In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past."

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   **Sense 1 (patient%1:18:00):** Definition: "a person who requires medical care." Example: "the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly."
    *   **Sense 2 (patient%1:10:00):** Definition: "the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause." Synonyms: "affected role, patient role."

3.  **Determine the appropriate sense:**
    *   The context clearly refers to *people* receiving medical treatment for cancer.
    *   Sense 1 ("a person who requires medical care") perfectly matches this usage. The patients are individuals undergoing clinical trials and receiving cancer treatments.
    *   Sense 2 refers to a grammatical/semantic role (the patient in a verb structure, e.g., "The ball was thrown *by the boy*," where the ball is the patient). This is an abstract linguistic concept, not the concrete person being discussed in the medical context.

4.  **Conclusion:** Sense 1 is the correct interpretation.

5.  **Format the output:** The instruction requires a JSON object with the sense index. Since the provided candidates are numbered 1 and 2, and Sense 1 is the correct one, the index is 1. (Wait, the prompt asks for the JSON structure to be exactly like `{"sense_index": 3}`. I must ensure I use the correct index based on the provided list.)

    *   Candidate 1 = Sense 1 (Correct)
    *   Candidate 2 = Sense 2 (Incorrect)

    The index is 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: past
Target surface form: past
Context:
In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the <t>past</t>, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=past%1:28:00:: | definition=the time that has elapsed | synonyms=past times, yesteryear | examples=forget the past
2. sense_key=past%1:28:01:: | definition=a earlier period in someone's life (especially one that they have reason to keep secret) | examples=reporters dug into the candidate's past
3. sense_key=past%1:10:00:: | definition=a verb tense that expresses actions or states in the past | synonyms=past tense

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the target word "past" in the given context.

Context: "In patients who had received chemotherapy in the <t>past</t>, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups."

Target word: "past"

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=past%1:28:00:: | definition=the time that has elapsed | synonyms=past times, yesteryear | examples=forget the past
2. sense_key=past%1:28:01:: | definition=a earlier period in someone's life (especially one that they have reason to keep secret) | examples=reporters dug into the candidate's past
3. sense_key=past%1:10:00:: | definition=a verb tense that expresses actions or states in the past | synonyms=past tense

Analysis of the context:
The phrase is "In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past".
Here, "past" refers to a period of time before the current study/treatment period. It indicates whether the patients had prior medical history (chemotherapy).

Evaluation of senses:
1. sense_key=past%1:28:00: Definition is "the time that has elapsed". This fits perfectly. "In the past" means at some point before now.
2. sense_key=past%1:28:01: Definition is "a earlier period in someone's life (especially one that they have reason to keep secret)". While it relates to a period in life, the context is purely temporal (did they receive treatment *at some point* before the study), not focused on secrets or personal history in a narrative sense.
3. sense_key=past%1:10:00: Definition is "a verb tense that expresses actions or states in the past". This is grammatical/linguistic, not the meaning of the noun/adjective "past" used here.

Conclusion: Sense 1, referring to elapsed time, is the most accurate fit for "in the past" when discussing prior medical history.

The required output format is a JSON object with the sense index. Sense 1 corresponds to the first candidate.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: average
Target surface form: average
Context:
In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the <t>average</t> survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=average%5:00:02:normal:01 | definition=approximating the statistical norm or average or expected value | synonyms=mean | examples=the average income in New England is below that of the nation; of average height for his age
2. sense_key=average%5:00:00:common:01 | definition=lacking special distinction, rank, or status; commonly encountered | synonyms=ordinary | examples=average people; the ordinary (or common) man in the street
3. sense_key=average%5:00:00:ordinary:00 | definition=lacking exceptional quality or ability | synonyms=fair, mediocre, middling | examples=a novel of average merit; only a fair performance of the sonata
4. sense_key=average%5:00:00:moderate:00 | definition=around the middle of a scale of evaluation | synonyms=intermediate, medium | examples=an orange of average size; intermediate capacity
5. sense_key=average%5:00:03:normal:01 | definition=relating to or constituting the most frequent value in a distribution | synonyms=modal | examples=the modal age at which American novelists reach their peak is 30
6. sense_key=average%5:00:01:normal:01 | definition=relating to or constituting the middle value of an ordered set of values (or the average of the middle two in a set with an even number of values) | synonyms=median | examples=the median value of 17, 20, and 36 is 20; the median income for the year was $15,000

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "average" based on the provided context.

Context analysis:
The text discusses medical studies, survival times, and treatment effectiveness (Alimta, cisplatin, docetaxel).
Key phrases containing "average":
1. "Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an **average** of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months..."
2. "In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the <t>**average**</t> survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel."
3. "In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the **average** survival time was 10.3 months in both groups."

In all instances, "average" is used in the context of "average survival time" or "survived for an average of X months." This clearly refers to a statistical measure of central tendency (mean, median, or mode) applied to a set of measured values (survival times).

Candidate senses analysis:
1. `sense_key=average%5:00:02:normal:01` | definition=approximating the statistical norm or average or expected value | synonyms=mean | examples=the average income in New England is below that of the nation; of average height for his age
    * This matches the statistical context perfectly (survival time is a measured value, and "average" here means the statistical mean/expected value).
2. `sense_key=average%5:00:00:common:01` | definition=lacking special distinction, rank, or status; commonly encountered | synonyms=ordinary | (Irrelevant - not about statistical measurement)
3. `sense_key=average%5:00:00:ordinary:00` | definition=lacking exceptional quality or ability | synonyms=fair, mediocre, middling | (Irrelevant - not about statistical measurement)
4. `sense_key=average%5:00:00:moderate:00` | definition=around the middle of a scale of evaluation | synonyms=intermediate, medium | (Less precise than statistical senses, though related to 'middle')
5. `sense_key=average%5:00:03:normal:01` | definition=relating to or constituting the most frequent value in a distribution | synonyms=modal | (Refers to mode, which is a type of average, but the context usually implies mean unless specified.)
6. `sense_key=average%5:00:01:normal:01` | definition=relating to or constituting the middle value of an ordered set of values (or the average of the middle two in a set with an even number of values) | synonyms=median | (Refers to median, another type of average.)

Comparison:
The context uses "average survival time." While "average" can technically refer to the mean, median, or mode, Sense 1 ("approximating the statistical norm or average or expected value," synonyms=mean) is the most general and fitting definition for the statistical concept of "average" when applied to continuous data like survival time, encompassing the common usage of the term in scientific reporting. Senses 5 and 6 are too specific (mode and median, respectively), whereas Sense 1 covers the general statistical concept (mean/expected value).

Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: survival
Target surface form: survival
Context:
In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average <t>survival</t> time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=survival%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of surviving; remaining alive | synonyms=endurance
2. sense_key=survival%1:22:00:: | definition=a natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment | synonyms=survival of the fittest, natural selection, selection
3. sense_key=survival%1:04:00:: | definition=something that survives

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the target word "survival" based on the provided context.

Context analysis:
The text discusses medical studies, patients, treatments (Alimta, cisplatin, docetaxel), and effectiveness measures.
Key phrases:
1. "how long the patients survived."
2. "Alimta increased the survival time of patients..."
3. "Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months..."
4. "the average <t>survival</t> time was 8.3 months with Alimta..."
5. "the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups."

The word "survival" is consistently used in the context of how long patients live after treatment. It refers to the duration of life or the state of remaining alive.

Candidate senses:
1. `sense_key=survival%1:26:00`: | definition=a state of surviving; remaining alive | synonyms=endurance
2. `sense_key=survival%1:22:00`: | definition=a natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment | synonyms=survival of the fittest, natural selection, selection
3. `sense_key=survival%1:04:00`: | definition=something that survives

Evaluation:
*   Sense 2 relates to biological evolution (natural selection), which is irrelevant to clinical trial data on patient lifespan.
*   Sense 3 is too general ("something that survives") and doesn't capture the specific meaning of duration or state of being alive in a medical context.
*   Sense 1 ("a state of surviving; remaining alive") perfectly matches the context, where "survival time" refers to the duration a patient remains alive. The synonym "endurance" also fits the context of how long a patient can endure the disease/treatment.

Conclusion: Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: time
Target surface form: time
Context:
In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival <t>time</t> was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=time%1:11:00:: | definition=an instance or single occasion for some event | synonyms=clip | examples=this time he succeeded; he called four times
2. sense_key=time%1:28:05:: | definition=a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something | examples=take time to smell the roses; I didn't have time to finish
3. sense_key=time%1:28:00:: | definition=an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities) | examples=he waited a long time; the time of year for planting
4. sense_key=time%1:28:06:: | definition=a suitable moment | examples=it is time to go
5. sense_key=time%1:03:00:: | definition=the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past
6. sense_key=time%1:11:01:: | definition=a person's experience on a particular occasion | examples=he had a time holding back the tears; they had a good time together
7. sense_key=time%1:28:03:: | definition=a reading of a point in time as given by a clock | synonyms=clock time | examples=do you know what time it is?; the time is 10 o'clock
8. sense_key=time%1:28:04:: | definition=the fourth coordinate that is required (along with three spatial dimensions) to specify a physical event | synonyms=fourth dimension
9. sense_key=time%1:07:01:: | definition=rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration | synonyms=meter, metre
10. sense_key=time%1:28:01:: | definition=the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned | synonyms=prison term, sentence | examples=he served a prison term of 15 months; his sentence was 5 to 10 years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is: "In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival <t>time</t> was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel."
2.  **Determine the meaning of 'time' in context:** Here, 'time' refers to the duration of survival (8.3 months, 7.9 months). It is a measurable period of existence or life span.
3.  **Examine the candidate senses:**
    *   1. an instance or single occasion for some event (e.g., "this time he succeeded"). -> Incorrect.
    *   2. a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something (e.g., "take time to smell the roses"). -> Incorrect (focuses on resource/duration needed for an action).
    *   3. an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities) (e.g., "he waited a long time; the time of year for planting"). -> Plausible. Survival duration is a period.
    *   4. a suitable moment (e.g., "it is time to go"). -> Incorrect.
    *   5. the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past. -> Too abstract/philosophical for a medical statistic.
    *   6. a person's experience on a particular occasion. -> Incorrect.
    *   7. a reading of a point in time as given by a clock. -> Incorrect.
    *   8. the fourth coordinate that is required... -> Incorrect (physics/math).
    *   9. rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration. -> Incorrect (musical/metrical).
    *   10. the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned. -> Incorrect (specific context).
4.  **Compare the best fit (Sense 3) with the context:** Sense 3 is "an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)." Survival duration (8.3 months) is a specific, measurable period of time, which fits the definition of a period marked by the activity (living/surviving).
5.  **Re-evaluate Sense 2 vs. Sense 3:**
    *   Sense 2: "a period of time considered as a resource under your control..." (Focus on utility/management).
    *   Sense 3: "an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)." (Focus on duration/span).
    *   Since the context is measuring the *span* of life (survival), Sense 3 is a better fit than Sense 2, which implies a resource that can be managed or used up.
6.  **Conclusion:** Sense 3 best captures the meaning of 'survival time' as a measured duration or period.