[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: infusion
Target surface form: infusion
Context:
Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past. The medicine can only be obtained with a prescription. How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous <t>infusion</t> lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=infusion%1:27:00:: | definition=a solution obtained by steeping or soaking a substance (usually in water) | synonyms=extract
2. sense_key=infusion%1:22:00:: | definition=the process of extracting certain active properties (as a drug from a plant) by steeping or soaking (usually in water)
3. sense_key=infusion%1:04:00:: | definition=(medicine) the passive introduction of a substance (a fluid or drug or electrolyte) into a vein or between tissues (as by gravitational force)
4. sense_key=infusion%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of infusing or introducing a certain modifying element or quality | examples=the team's continued success is attributable to a steady infusion of new talent

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "infusion" based on the provided context.

Context: "It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous <t>infusion</t> lasting 10 minutes."

Candidate Senses:
1. sense_key=infusion%1:27:00:: | definition=a solution obtained by steeping or soaking a substance (usually in water) | synonyms=extract
2. sense_key=infusion%1:22:00:: | definition=the process of extracting certain active properties (as a drug from a plant) by steeping or soaking (usually in water)
3. sense_key=infusion%1:04:00:: | definition=(medicine) the passive introduction of a substance (a fluid or drug or electrolyte) into a vein or between tissues (as by gravitational force)
4. sense_key=infusion%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of infusing or introducing a certain modifying element or quality | examples=the team's continued success is attributable to a steady infusion of new talent

Analysis:
The context describes a medical procedure: "It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes."
"Intravenous" specifies that the substance is being introduced into a vein.
The action is related to administering medicine (Alimta, a chemotherapy drug).

Let's evaluate the senses:
1. Sense 1 & 2 relate to steeping/soaking (like tea or herbal extracts). This is incorrect for an intravenous medical procedure.
3. Sense 3 defines "(medicine) the passive introduction of a substance (a fluid or drug or electrolyte) into a vein or between tissues." This perfectly matches "intravenous infusion" in a medical context.
4. Sense 4 defines "the act of infusing or introducing a certain modifying element or quality." This is an abstract, metaphorical use (e.g., infusion of talent), which does not fit the physical medical context.

Conclusion: Sense 3 is the best fit.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: last
Target surface form: lasting
Context:
Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past. The medicine can only be obtained with a prescription. How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion <t>lasting</t> 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=last%2:42:00:: | definition=persist for a specified period of time | synonyms=endure | examples=The bad weather lasted for three days
2. sense_key=last%2:42:01:: | definition=continue to live through hardship or adversity | synonyms=survive, live, live on, go, endure, hold up | examples=We went without water and food for 3 days; These superstitions survive in the backwaters of America

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "lasting" in the given context.
The target lemma is "last".
The surface form is "lasting".
The context is: "It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion <t>lasting</t> 10 minutes."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=last%2:42:00:: | definition=persist for a specified period of time | synonyms=endure | examples=The bad weather lasted for three days
2. sense_key=last%2:42:01:: | definition=continue to live through hardship or adversity | synonyms=survive, live, live on, go, endure, hold up | examples=We went without water and food for 3 days; These superstitions survive in the backwaters of America

Analysis of the context:
"It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes."
Here, "lasting 10 minutes" describes the duration of the infusion process.

Evaluation of senses:
Sense 1: definition=persist for a specified period of time. This perfectly matches the idea of an infusion continuing for 10 minutes. The example "The bad weather lasted for three days" supports this temporal meaning.
Sense 2: definition=continue to live through hardship or adversity. This relates to survival or endurance against difficulty, which is irrelevant to the duration of a medical infusion.

Conclusion: Sense 1 is the best fit.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: minute
Target surface form: minutes
Context:
Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past. The medicine can only be obtained with a prescription. How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 <t>minutes</t>. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=minute%1:28:00:: | definition=a unit of time equal to 60 seconds or 1/60th of an hour | synonyms=min | examples=he ran a 4 minute mile
2. sense_key=minute%1:28:01:: | definition=an indefinitely short time | synonyms=moment, mo, second, bit | examples=wait just a moment; in a mo
3. sense_key=minute%1:28:02:: | definition=a particular point in time | synonyms=moment, second, instant | examples=the moment he arrived the party began
4. sense_key=minute%1:23:00:: | definition=a unit of angular distance equal to a 60th of a degree | synonyms=arcminute, minute of arc
5. sense_key=minute%1:10:00:: | definition=a short note | examples=the secretary keeps the minutes of the meeting
6. sense_key=minute%1:07:00:: | definition=distance measured by the time taken to cover it | synonyms=hour | examples=we live an hour from the airport; its just 10 minutes away

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "minutes" (plural of minute) in the given context.

Context: "It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 <t>minutes</t>."

Target lemma: minute
Target surface form: minutes

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=minute%1:28:00:: | definition=a unit of time equal to 60 seconds or 1/60th of an hour | synonyms=min | examples=he ran a 4 minute mile
2. sense_key=minute%1:28:01:: | definition=an indefinitely short time | synonyms=moment, mo, second, bit | examples=wait just a moment; in a mo
3. sense_key=minute%1:28:02:: | definition=a particular point in time | synonyms=moment, second, instant | examples=the moment he arrived the party began
4. sense_key=minute%1:23:00:: | definition=a unit of angular distance equal to a 60th of a degree | synonyms=arcminute, minute of arc
5. sense_key=minute%1:10:00:: | definition=a short note | examples=the secretary keeps the minutes of the meeting
6. sense_key=minute%1:07:00:: | definition=distance measured by the time taken to cover it | synonyms=hour | examples=we live an hour from the airport; its just 10 minutes away

Analysis:
The phrase is "lasting 10 minutes". This refers to the duration of an intravenous infusion.
Senses 1, 2, and 3 relate to time.
Sense 1: "a unit of time equal to 60 seconds or 1/60th of an hour". This perfectly matches the usage of "10 minutes" as a measure of duration.
Sense 2: "an indefinitely short time". While "moment" is a synonym, "10 minutes" is a specific, measurable duration, not an indefinite short time.
Sense 3: "a particular point in time". This refers to a specific instant (e.g., "at 10 minutes past the hour"), not a duration.
Sense 4: Angular distance. Irrelevant.
Sense 5: Short note. Irrelevant.
Sense 6: Distance measured by time. While related to time, the context is the duration of an infusion, not travel distance.

Conclusion: Sense 1 is the best fit.

Wait, I need to check the required output format. The instructions say:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
3. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

I must map my chosen sense (Sense 1) to the required JSON format, using the index provided in the candidate list.

Sense 1 corresponds to index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: reduce
Target surface form: reduce
Context:
The medicine can only be obtained with a prescription. How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To <t>reduce</t> side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=reduce%2:30:00:: | definition=cut down on; make a reduction in | synonyms=cut down, cut back, trim, trim down, trim back, cut | examples=reduce your daily fat intake; The employer wants to cut back health benefits
2. sense_key=reduce%2:30:06:: | definition=make less complex | examples=reduce a problem to a single question
3. sense_key=reduce%2:41:00:: | definition=bring to humbler or weaker state or condition | examples=He reduced the population to slavery
4. sense_key=reduce%2:40:04:: | definition=simplify the form of a mathematical equation of expression by substituting one term for another
5. sense_key=reduce%2:37:00:: | definition=lower in grade or rank or force somebody into an undignified situation | examples=She reduced her niece to a servant
6. sense_key=reduce%2:30:11:: | definition=be the essential element | synonyms=come down, boil down | examples=The proposal boils down to a compromise
7. sense_key=reduce%2:30:05:: | definition=reduce in size; reduce physically | synonyms=shrink | examples=Hot water will shrink the sweater; Can you shrink this image?
8. sense_key=reduce%2:40:00:: | definition=lessen and make more modest | examples=reduce one's standard of living
9. sense_key=reduce%2:30:04:: | definition=make smaller | synonyms=scale down | examples=reduce an image
10. sense_key=reduce%2:30:03:: | definition=to remove oxygen from a compound, or cause to react with hydrogen or form a hydride, or to undergo an increase in the number of electrons | synonyms=deoxidize, deoxidise
11. sense_key=reduce%2:30:01:: | definition=narrow or limit | synonyms=tighten | examples=reduce the influx of foreigners
12. sense_key=reduce%2:41:03:: | definition=put down by force or intimidation | synonyms=repress, quash, keep down, subdue, subjugate | examples=The government quashes any attempt of an uprising; China keeps down her dissidents very efficiently
13. sense_key=reduce%2:35:00:: | definition=undergo meiosis | examples=The cells reduce
14. sense_key=reduce%2:35:01:: | definition=reposition (a broken bone after surgery) back to its normal site
15. sense_key=reduce%2:30:12:: | definition=destress and thus weaken a sound when pronouncing it
16. sense_key=reduce%2:30:08:: | definition=reduce in scope while retaining essential elements | synonyms=abridge, foreshorten, abbreviate, shorten, cut, contract | examples=The manuscript must be shortened
17. sense_key=reduce%2:30:10:: | definition=be cooked until very little liquid is left | synonyms=boil down, decoct, concentrate | examples=The sauce should reduce to one cup
18. sense_key=reduce%2:30:02:: | definition=cook until very little liquid is left | synonyms=boil down, concentrate | examples=The cook reduced the sauce by boiling it for a long time
19. sense_key=reduce%2:30:09:: | definition=lessen the strength or flavor of a solution or mixture | synonyms=dilute, thin, thin out, cut | examples=cut bourbon
20. sense_key=reduce%2:29:00:: | definition=take off weight | synonyms=melt off, lose weight, slim, slenderize, thin, slim down

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is: "To <t>reduce</t> side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta."
2.  **Determine the meaning of 'reduce' in this context:** The context is medical treatment (Alimta, side effects, corticosteroids, vitamins). The goal is to *reduce* side effects. This means to lessen, decrease, or mitigate the severity or frequency of the side effects.
3.  **Examine the candidate senses for relevance:**

    *   1. sense_key=reduce%2:30:00:: | definition=cut down on; make a reduction in | synonyms=cut down, cut back, trim, trim down, trim back, cut | *Highly relevant. Reducing side effects means cutting down on them.*
    *   2. sense_key=reduce%2:30:06:: | definition=make less complex | *Irrelevant.*
    *   3. sense_key=reduce%2:41:00:: | definition=bring to humbler or weaker state or condition | *Possible, but usually applied to people/status, not abstract side effects in a clinical sense.*
    *   4. sense_key=reduce%2:40:04:: | definition=simplify the form of a mathematical equation... | *Irrelevant.*
    *   5. sense_key=reduce%2:37:00:: | definition=lower in grade or rank or force somebody into an undignified situation | *Irrelevant.*
    *   6. sense_key=reduce%2:30:11:: | definition=be the essential element | *Irrelevant.*
    *   7. sense_key=reduce%2:30:05:: | definition=reduce in size; reduce physically | *Irrelevant (unless side effects are viewed as physical size, which is unlikely).*
    *   8. sense_key=reduce%2:40:00:: | definition=lessen and make more modest | *Relates to lessening, but often used for standards of living.*
    *   9. sense_key=reduce%2:30:04:: | definition=make smaller | *Too general, but related to 1.*
    *   10. sense_key=reduce%2:30:03:: | definition=to remove oxygen from a compound... | *Irrelevant (chemical process).*
    *   11. sense_key=reduce%2:30:01:: | definition=narrow or limit | *Plausible, but 'cut down on' (Sense 1) is a better fit for mitigating negative outcomes.*
    *   12. sense_key=reduce%2:41:03:: | definition=put down by force or intimidation | *Irrelevant.*
    *   13. sense_key=reduce%2:35:00:: | definition=undergo meiosis | *Irrelevant (biological process).*
    *   14. sense_key=reduce%2:35:01:: | definition=reposition (a broken bone after surgery) back to its normal site | *Irrelevant (medical procedure, but not the meaning here).*
    *   15. sense_key=reduce%2:30:12:: | definition=destress and thus weaken a sound when pronouncing it | *Irrelevant (phonetics).*
    *   16. sense_key=reduce%2:30:08:: | definition=reduce in scope while retaining essential elements | *Relates to shortening/abridging, not mitigating negative effects.*
    *   17. sense_key=reduce%2:30:10:: | definition=be cooked until very little liquid is left | *Irrelevant (cooking).*
    *   18. sense_key=reduce%2:30:02:: | definition=cook until very little liquid is left | *Irrelevant (cooking).*
    *   19. sense_key=reduce%2:30:09:: | definition=lessen the strength or flavor of a solution or mixture | *Relates to lessening, but usually applied to concentration/flavor, not side effects.*
    *   20. sense_key=reduce%2:29:00:: | definition=take off weight | *Irrelevant (weight loss).*

4.  **Compare the best candidates (Sense 1, Sense 3, Sense 8, Sense 11, Sense 19):**
    *   The goal is to lessen the negative impact of side effects.
    *   Sense 1: "cut down on; make a reduction in." This perfectly matches the idea of minimizing or decreasing the occurrence/severity of side effects.
    *   Sense 3: "bring to humbler or weaker state or condition." Too dramatic for side effects management.
    *   Sense 8: "lessen and make more modest." A bit formal, but close.
    *   Sense 11: "narrow or limit." Possible, but less idiomatic than "cut down on" when discussing negative outcomes.
    *   Sense 19: "lessen the strength or flavor..." Specific to mixtures/solutions.

5.  **Conclusion:** Sense 1, defined as "cut down on; make a reduction in," is the most accurate and idiomatic fit for "To reduce side effects."


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: side_effect
Target surface form: side effects
Context:
The medicine can only be obtained with a prescription. How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce <t>side effects</t>, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=side_effect%1:26:00:: | definition=a secondary and usually adverse effect of a drug or therapy | examples=severe headaches are one of the side effects of the drug
2. sense_key=side_effect%1:19:00:: | definition=any adverse and unwanted secondary effect | synonyms=fallout | examples=a strategy to contain the fallout from the accounting scandal

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
"sense_index": 1
}
```

content:
```json
{
"sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the phrase "side effects" in the given context.
The target lemma is `side_effect`.
The context is about a medicine (Alimta) and its administration.

Context snippet: "To reduce <t>side effects</t>, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta."

Candidate senses:
1. `side_effect%1:26:00`: definition=a secondary and usually adverse effect of a drug or therapy | examples=severe headaches are one of the side effects of the drug
2. `side_effect%1:19:00`: definition=any adverse and unwanted secondary effect | synonyms=fallout | examples=a strategy to contain the fallout from the accounting scandal

Analysis:
The context explicitly discusses reducing "side effects" while taking the drug Alimta. Alimta is an anticancer chemotherapy drug. The actions suggested (taking corticosteroids, folic acid, B12 injections) are typical supportive treatments given to mitigate adverse reactions from chemotherapy.

Sense 1 relates specifically to "a secondary and usually adverse effect of a drug or therapy." This perfectly matches the context of Alimta treatment.
Sense 2 relates to "any adverse and unwanted secondary effect" but provides the synonym "fallout" and an example about an accounting scandal, suggesting a broader, non-medical, consequence (like political or financial fallout).

Conclusion: Sense 1 is the most appropriate fit because the context is strictly medical and relates to drug/therapy adverse reactions.

I need to return the index of the chosen sense.
Sense 1 corresponds to index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: patients
Context:
The medicine can only be obtained with a prescription. How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, <t>patients</t> should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: patient
    *   Target surface form: patients
    *   Context sentence: "To reduce side effects, <t>patients</t> should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta."
    *   The context discusses a drug (Alimta), its treatment, side effects, and necessary supportive care (corticosteroid, folic acid, B12 injections).

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:**
        *   `sense_key=patient%1:18:00`
        *   `definition=a person who requires medical care`
        *   `examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly`
        *   *Relevance check:* The context describes people undergoing treatment with Alimta (an anticancer chemotherapy drug). These people are clearly requiring medical care. This sense fits perfectly.

    *   **Sense 2:**
        *   `sense_key=patient%1:10:00`
        *   `definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause`
        *   `synonyms=affected role, patient role`
        *   *Relevance check:* This is a grammatical/semantic role definition (like 'patient' in syntax/semantics). The target word "patients" in the sentence is a noun referring to people, not a grammatical role label. This sense is incorrect.

3.  **Select the best sense:**
    *   Sense 1 is the only appropriate definition for the noun "patients" in this medical context.

4.  **Format the output:**
    *   The instruction requires returning only a JSON object with the sense index.
    *   Sense 1 corresponds to index 1. (Assuming the candidates are indexed 1 and 2).

5.  **Final check:** The target word refers to the individuals receiving chemotherapy treatment. Sense 1 defines this as "a person who requires medical care." This is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: type
Target surface form: type
Context:
The medicine can only be obtained with a prescription. How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a <t>type</t> of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=type%1:09:00:: | definition=a subdivision of a particular kind of thing | examples=what type of sculpture do you prefer?
2. sense_key=type%1:18:00:: | definition=a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities) | synonyms=character, eccentric, case | examples=a real character; a strange character
3. sense_key=type%1:14:01:: | definition=(biology) the taxonomic group whose characteristics are used to define the next higher taxon
4. sense_key=type%1:10:01:: | definition=printed characters | examples=small type is hard to read
5. sense_key=type%1:10:00:: | definition=all of the tokens of the same symbol | examples=the word `element' contains five different types of character
6. sense_key=type%1:06:00:: | definition=a small metal block bearing a raised character on one end; produces a printed character when inked and pressed on paper | examples=he dropped a case of type, so they made him pick them up

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "type" in the given context.

Context: "To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a <t>type</t> of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta."

Target word: "type"
Contextual phrase: "a type of vitamin"

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=type%1:09:00:: | definition=a subdivision of a particular kind of thing | examples=what type of sculpture do you prefer?
2. sense_key=type%1:18:00:: | definition=a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities) | synonyms=character, eccentric, case | examples=a real character; a strange character
3. sense_key=type%1:14:01:: | definition=(biology) the taxonomic group whose characteristics are used to define the next higher taxon
4. sense_key=type%1:10:01:: | definition=printed characters | examples=small type is hard to read
5. sense_key=type%1:10:00:: | definition=all of the tokens of the same symbol | examples=the word `element' contains five different types of character
6. sense_key=type%1:06:00:: | definition=a small metal block bearing a raised character on one end; produces a printed character when inked and pressed on paper | examples=he dropped a case of type, so they made him pick them up

Analysis:
The phrase is "a type of vitamin". This indicates that "type" is being used to classify or categorize a specific kind or variety of vitamin.

Let's evaluate the senses:
1. sense_key=type%1:09:00:: | definition=a subdivision of a particular kind of thing. This perfectly matches the usage "a type of vitamin," meaning a specific kind or subdivision within the larger category of vitamins.
2. sense_key=type%1:18:00:: | definition=a person of a specified kind. Irrelevant (vitamins are not people).
3. sense_key=type%1:14:01:: | definition=(biology) the taxonomic group. While vitamins are biological, this sense refers to formal taxonomic classification (like genus or family), which is too specific and formal for the general phrase "a type of vitamin" in this medical context, although related to classification. Sense 1 is broader and fits the common usage better.
4. sense_key=type%1:10:01:: | definition=printed characters. Irrelevant.
5. sense_key=type%1:10:00:: | definition=all of the tokens of the same symbol. Irrelevant.
6. sense_key=type%1:06:00:: | definition=a small metal block bearing a raised character. Irrelevant.

Conclusion: Sense 1, "a subdivision of a particular kind of thing," is the best fit for "a type of vitamin."

The required output format is a JSON object with the sense index.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: injection
Target surface form: injections
Context:
The medicine can only be obtained with a prescription. How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive <t>injections</t> of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=injection%1:04:00:: | definition=the forceful insertion of a substance under pressure
2. sense_key=injection%1:27:00:: | definition=any solution that is injected (as into the skin) | synonyms=injectant
3. sense_key=injection%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of putting a liquid into the body by means of a syringe | synonyms=shot | examples=the nurse gave him a flu shot

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
"sense_index": 3
}
```

content:
```json
{
"sense_index": 3
}
```

reasoning_content:
Thinking Process:

1.  **Analyze the Target Word and Context:**
    *   Target surface form: "injections" (plural of "injection").
    *   Context: "...patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive <t>injections</t> of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta."
    *   The context describes medical treatment (Alimta, chemotherapy, cisplatin, vitamins, corticosteroids). The specific action is receiving "injections of vitamin B12."

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `injection%1:04:00:: | definition=the forceful insertion of a substance under pressure`
        *   Focus: The *act* or *process* of forceful insertion. This is a general definition of the physical action.

    *   **Sense 2:** `injection%1:27:00:: | definition=any solution that is injected (as into the skin) | synonyms=injectant`
        *   Focus: The *substance* itself (the solution/injectant).
        *   *Check against context:* The context says "receive injections *of* vitamin B12." If "injections" meant the substance, the phrasing would be awkward, but it's possible. However, the plural form "injections" usually refers to the administered doses/events, not the chemical solution itself.

    *   **Sense 3:** `injection%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of putting a liquid into the body by means of a syringe | synonyms=shot | examples=the nurse gave him a flu shot`
        *   Focus: The *event* or *dose* administered via a syringe (the procedure/dose).
        *   *Check against context:* "receive injections of vitamin B12." This perfectly matches the common medical usage where "injections" refers to the administered doses (shots/events). The synonym "shot" reinforces this interpretation.

3.  **Compare and Select the Best Fit:**
    *   The context describes a medical procedure where the patient *receives* doses of B12.
    *   Sense 3 defines the *act/dose* administered by syringe, which is the most natural and precise fit for "receive injections."
    *   Sense 1 is too general (the physical force).
    *   Sense 2 defines the substance, not the administered dose/event.

4.  **Conclusion:** Sense 3 is the best fit.

5.  **Format the Output:** Return the JSON object.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: treatment
Target surface form: treatment
Context:
The medicine can only be obtained with a prescription. How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during <t>treatment</t> with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=treatment%1:04:00:: | definition=care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury) | synonyms=intervention
2. sense_key=treatment%1:04:01:: | definition=the management of someone or something | synonyms=handling | examples=the handling of prisoners; the treatment of water sewage
3. sense_key=treatment%1:07:00:: | definition=a manner of dealing with something artistically | examples=his treatment of space borrows from Italian architecture
4. sense_key=treatment%1:10:00:: | definition=an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic | synonyms=discussion, discourse | examples=the book contains an excellent discussion of modal logic; his treatment of the race question is badly biased

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "treatment" in the given context.

Context: "To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during <t>treatment</t> with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose."

The context is highly medical, discussing chemotherapy (Alimta, cisplatin), side effects, and medical interventions (corticosteroid, folic acid, vitamin B12 injections).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=treatment%1:04:00:: | definition=care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury) | synonyms=intervention
2. sense_key=treatment%1:04:01:: | definition=the management of someone or something | synonyms=handling | examples=the handling of prisoners; the treatment of water sewage
3. sense_key=treatment%1:07:00:: | definition=a manner of dealing with something artistically | examples=his treatment of space borrows from Italian architecture
4. sense_key=treatment%1:10:00:: | definition=an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic | synonyms=discussion, discourse | examples=the book contains an excellent discussion of modal logic; his treatment of the race question is badly biased

Analysis:
The word "treatment" appears in the phrase "during treatment with Alimta." Alimta is an anticancer chemotherapy drug. The surrounding text discusses medical procedures, side effects, and administering vitamins/medications.

Sense 1: "care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury)". This perfectly matches the medical context of receiving chemotherapy and supportive care.
Sense 2: "the management of someone or something". While medical care is a form of management, Sense 1 is much more specific and accurate for the context of illness/injury/medical procedures.
Sense 3: "a manner of dealing with something artistically". Irrelevant (art/architecture).
Sense 4: "an extended communication". Irrelevant (discussion/discourse).

Conclusion: Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: give
Target surface form: given
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is <t>given</t> with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=give%2:40:03:: | definition=cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense | examples=She gave him a black eye; The draft gave me a cold
2. sense_key=give%2:40:05:: | definition=be the cause or source of | synonyms=yield, afford | examples=He gave me a lot of trouble; Our meeting afforded much interesting information
3. sense_key=give%2:40:00:: | definition=transfer possession of something concrete or abstract to somebody | examples=I gave her my money; can you give me lessons?
4. sense_key=give%2:40:07:: | definition=convey or reveal information | examples=Give one's name
5. sense_key=give%2:32:01:: | definition=convey, as of a compliment, regards, attention, etc.; bestow | synonyms=pay | examples=Don't pay him any mind; give the orders
6. sense_key=give%2:36:02:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, have, make | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
7. sense_key=give%2:32:00:: | definition=convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture | synonyms=throw | examples=Throw a glance; She gave me a dirty look
8. sense_key=give%2:40:01:: | definition=give as a present; make a gift of | synonyms=gift, present | examples=What will you give her for her birthday?
9. sense_key=give%2:36:03:: | definition=cause to happen or be responsible for | synonyms=yield | examples=His two singles gave the team the victory
10. sense_key=give%2:31:02:: | definition=dedicate | synonyms=pay, devote | examples=give thought to; give priority to
11. sense_key=give%2:36:00:: | definition=give or supply | synonyms=render, yield, return, generate | examples=The cow brings in 5 liters of milk; This year's crop yielded 1,000 bushels of corn
12. sense_key=give%2:40:09:: | definition=transmit (knowledge or skills) | synonyms=impart, leave, pass on | examples=give a secret to the Russians; leave your name and address here
13. sense_key=give%2:36:01:: | definition=bring about | synonyms=establish | examples=The trompe l'oeil-illusion establishes depth
14. sense_key=give%2:40:02:: | definition=leave with; give temporarily | examples=Can I give you my keys while I go in the pool?; Can I give you the children for the weekend?
15. sense_key=give%2:41:00:: | definition=emit or utter | examples=Give a gulp; give a yelp
16. sense_key=give%2:40:10:: | definition=endure the loss of | synonyms=sacrifice | examples=He gave his life for his children; I gave two sons to the war
17. sense_key=give%2:40:06:: | definition=place into the hands or custody of | synonyms=pass, hand, reach, pass on, turn over | examples=hand me the spoon, please; Turn the files over to me, please
18. sense_key=give%2:32:03:: | definition=give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause | synonyms=dedicate, consecrate, commit, devote | examples=She committed herself to the work of God; give one's talents to a good cause
19. sense_key=give%2:40:13:: | definition=give (as medicine) | examples=I gave him the drug
20. sense_key=give%2:40:14:: | definition=give or convey physically | synonyms=apply | examples=She gave him First Aid; I gave him a punch in the nose
21. sense_key=give%2:32:02:: | definition=bestow | synonyms=render | examples=give homage; render thanks
22. sense_key=give%2:40:11:: | definition=bestow, especially officially | synonyms=grant | examples=grant a degree; give a divorce
23. sense_key=give%2:38:00:: | definition=move in order to make room for someone for something | synonyms=move over, give way, ease up, yield | examples=The park gave way to a supermarket; `Move over,' he told the crowd
24. sense_key=give%2:34:00:: | definition=give food to | synonyms=feed | examples=Feed the starving children in India; don't give the child this tough meat
25. sense_key=give%2:40:08:: | definition=contribute to some cause | synonyms=contribute, chip in, kick in | examples=I gave at the office
26. sense_key=give%2:38:13:: | definition=break down, literally or metaphorically | synonyms=collapse, fall in, cave in, give way, break, founder | examples=The wall collapsed; The business collapsed
27. sense_key=give%2:31:00:: | definition=estimate the duration or outcome of something | examples=He gave the patient three months to live; I gave him a very good chance at success
28. sense_key=give%2:41:10:: | definition=execute and deliver | examples=Give bond
29. sense_key=give%2:40:12:: | definition=deliver in exchange or recompense | examples=I'll give you three books for four CDs
30. sense_key=give%2:40:15:: | definition=afford access to | synonyms=afford, open | examples=the door opens to the patio; The French doors give onto a terrace
31. sense_key=give%2:36:13:: | definition=present to view | examples=He gave the sign to start
32. sense_key=give%2:36:12:: | definition=perform for an audience | examples=Pollini is giving another concert in New York
33. sense_key=give%2:35:00:: | definition=be flexible under stress of physical force | synonyms=yield | examples=This material doesn't give
34. sense_key=give%2:34:10:: | definition=propose | examples=He gave the first of many toasts at the birthday party
35. sense_key=give%2:32:11:: | definition=accord by verdict | examples=give a decision for the plaintiff
36. sense_key=give%2:32:08:: | definition=manifest or show | examples=This student gives promise of real creativity; The office gave evidence of tampering
37. sense_key=give%2:32:15:: | definition=offer in good faith | examples=He gave her his word
38. sense_key=give%2:32:14:: | definition=submit for consideration, judgment, or use | examples=give one's opinion; give an excuse
39. sense_key=give%2:32:09:: | definition=guide or direct, as by behavior of persuasion | examples=You gave me to think that you agreed with me
40. sense_key=give%2:32:07:: | definition=allow to have or take | examples=I give you two minutes to respond
41. sense_key=give%2:32:10:: | definition=inflict as a punishment | examples=She gave the boy a good spanking; The judge gave me 10 years
42. sense_key=give%2:30:13:: | definition=occur | examples=what gives?
43. sense_key=give%2:29:11:: | definition=consent to engage in sexual intercourse with a man | examples=She gave herself to many men
44. sense_key=give%2:29:10:: | definition=proffer (a body part) | examples=She gave her hand to her little sister

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:** The goal is to perform fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the target word "given" (past participle of "give") based on the provided context and a list of candidate senses for "give." The output must be a JSON object containing only the single best sense index.

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   "How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor..." (Alimta is a drug/treatment).
    *   "It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes." (Describes the administration of the drug).
    *   "...patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid... and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta." (More examples of medical administration).
    *   "When Alimta is <t>given</t> with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine... should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose." (Again, describing the administration/combination of drugs).

3.  **Determine the Meaning of "given" in Context:** In this medical context, "given" means administered, supplied, or provided (specifically, administered as a treatment or medication).

4.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses (Focusing on Administration/Supply):**

    *   1. cause to have (Too abstract/general)
    *   2. be the cause or source of (Too abstract)
    *   3. transfer possession of something concrete or abstract to somebody (Possible, but usually implies handing over, not necessarily medical administration)
    *   4. convey or reveal information (Irrelevant)
    *   5. convey, as of a compliment, regards, attention, etc.; bestow (Too specific/social)
    *   6. organize or be responsible for (Irrelevant)
    *   7. convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture (Irrelevant)
    *   8. give as a present; make a gift of (Irrelevant, this is medical treatment, not a gift)
    *   9. cause to happen or be responsible for (Too abstract)
    *   10. dedicate (Irrelevant)
    *   11. give or supply (Synonyms: render, yield, return, generate. This fits the idea of supplying a substance/dose.)
    *   12. transmit (knowledge or skills) (Irrelevant)
    *   13. bring about (Too abstract)
    *   14. leave with; give temporarily (Irrelevant)
    *   15. emit or utter (Irrelevant)
    *   16. endure the loss of (Irrelevant)
    *   17. place into the hands or custody of (Closer, but usually implies physical transfer, not necessarily the act of administering a dose.)
    *   18. give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause (Irrelevant)
    *   19. give (as medicine) (Definition: I gave him the drug. This is highly specific and matches the context perfectly.)
    *   20. give or convey physically (General physical action, but 19 is more precise for medicine.)
    *   21. bestow (Too general/formal)
    *   22. bestow, especially officially (Too formal/legal)
    *   23. move in order to make room for someone for something (Irrelevant)
    *   24. give food to (Too narrow, the context involves chemotherapy drugs, not just food.)
    *   25. contribute to some cause (Irrelevant)
    *   26. break down, literally or metaphorically (Irrelevant)
    *   27. estimate the duration or outcome of something (Irrelevant)
    *   28. execute and deliver (Too formal/legal)
    *   29. deliver in exchange or recompense (Irrelevant)
    *   30. afford access to (Irrelevant)
    *   31. present to view (Irrelevant)
    *   32. perform for an audience (Irrelevant)
    *   33. be flexible under stress of physical force (Irrelevant)
    *   34. propose (Irrelevant)
    *   35. accord by verdict (Irrelevant)
    *   36. manifest or show (Irrelevant)
    *   37. offer in good faith (Irrelevant)
    *   38. submit for consideration, judgment, or use (Irrelevant)
    *   39. guide or direct, as by behavior of persuasion (Irrelevant)
    *   40. allow to have or take (Closer, but 19 is more direct.)
    *   41. inflict as a punishment (Irrelevant)
    *   42. occur (Irrelevant)
    *   43. consent to engage in sexual intercourse with a man (Irrelevant)
    *   44. proffer (a body part) (Irrelevant)

5.  **Select the Best Sense:** Sense 19, "give (as medicine)," is the most precise and contextually accurate definition for how Alimta and cisplatin are being administered.

6.  **Final Check:** The context is about administering chemotherapy drugs (Alimta, cisplatin). Sense 19 is defined as "give (as medicine)." This is the clear winner.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: medicine
Target surface form: medicine
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic <t>medicine</t> (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=medicine%1:09:00:: | definition=the branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques | synonyms=medical specialty
2. sense_key=medicine%1:06:00:: | definition=(medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease | synonyms=medication, medicament, medicinal drug
3. sense_key=medicine%1:04:00:: | definition=the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries | synonyms=practice of medicine | examples=he studied medicine at Harvard
4. sense_key=medicine%1:04:02:: | definition=punishment for one's actions | synonyms=music | examples=you have to face the music; take your medicine

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "medicine" in the provided context.

Context: "When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic <t>medicine</t> (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose."

Target word: medicine

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=medicine%1:09:00:: | definition=the branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques | synonyms=medical specialty (Refers to a field of study/practice)
2. sense_key=medicine%1:06:00:: | definition=(medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease | synonyms=medication, medicament, medicinal drug (Refers to a substance/drug)
3. sense_key=medicine%1:04:00:: | definition=the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries | synonyms=practice of medicine | examples=he studied medicine at Harvard (Refers to the profession/field)
4. sense_key=medicine%1:04:02:: | definition=punishment for one's actions | synonyms=music (Refers to punishment)

Analysis of the context:
The phrase is "an anti-emetic <t>medicine</t> (to prevent vomiting)".
An anti-emetic is a drug used to prevent vomiting.
The parenthetical explanation "(to prevent vomiting)" clearly indicates a function of treating or preventing a symptom (vomiting).
The word "medicine" here is being used synonymously with "anti-emetic" and is described by its function (preventing vomiting).

Matching with senses:
1. Sense 1 (medical specialty): Incorrect. It's a substance, not a field of science.
2. Sense 2 (something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease): Correct. An anti-emetic is a substance that prevents a symptom (vomiting). Synonyms include "medication" and "medicinal drug," which fits the context.
3. Sense 3 (learned profession): Incorrect. It's a drug, not the profession.
4. Sense 4 (punishment): Incorrect. The context is medical treatment.

The best fit is Sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: prevent
Target surface form: prevent
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to <t>prevent</t> vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=prevent%2:41:01:: | definition=keep from happening or arising; make impossible | synonyms=forestall, foreclose, preclude, forbid | examples=My sense of tact forbids an honest answer; Your role in the projects precludes your involvement in the competitive project
2. sense_key=prevent%2:41:00:: | definition=stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state | synonyms=keep | examples=We must prevent the cancer from spreading; His snoring kept me from falling asleep

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
"sense_index": 2
}
```

content:
```json
{
"sense_index": 2
}
```

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "prevent" in the given context.

Context snippet: "When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to <t>prevent</t> vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose."

The target word "prevent" is used in two parallel phrases:
1. "(to prevent vomiting)"
2. "(to prevent dehydration)"

I need to analyze the candidate senses:

Sense 1:
Definition: keep from happening or arising; make impossible
Synonyms: forestall, foreclose, preclude, forbid
Examples: My sense of tact forbids an honest answer; Your role in the projects precludes your involvement in the competitive project

Sense 2:
Definition: stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state
Synonyms: keep
Examples: We must prevent the cancer from spreading; His snoring kept me from falling asleep

Analysis of usage:
1. "to prevent vomiting": Vomiting is an event/state (an action/symptom). The medicine (anti-emetic) is used to stop this event from occurring.
2. "to prevent dehydration": Dehydration is a state. The fluids are used to stop this state from occurring.

Comparing with senses:
Sense 1 focuses heavily on making something impossible or forbidding it (e.g., "precludes your involvement"). While "prevent" can mean this, the context here is about stopping a biological process or state (vomiting, dehydration).
Sense 2 focuses on stopping someone or something from doing something or being in a certain state (e.g., "prevent the cancer from spreading," "kept me from falling asleep").

The usage "prevent vomiting" (stopping an action/symptom) and "prevent dehydration" (stopping a state) aligns perfectly with the definition of Sense 2: "stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state."

Therefore, Sense 2 is the best fit.

The instructions require returning a JSON object with the sense index. Since the provided candidates are numbered 1 and 2, I will use that indexing.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: fluid
Target surface form: fluids
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and <t>fluids</t> (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=fluid%1:27:02:: | definition=a substance that is fluid at room temperature and pressure
2. sense_key=fluid%1:27:00:: | definition=continuous amorphous matter that tends to flow and to conform to the outline of its container: a liquid or a gas

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 2
}
```

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 2
}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: fluid
    *   Target surface form: fluids
    *   Context: "...When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and <t>fluids</t> (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose."
    *   The phrase is "fluids (to prevent dehydration)".

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   Sense 1: `fluid%1:27:02:: | definition=a substance that is fluid at room temperature and pressure` (This is a very general physical property definition.)
    *   Sense 2: `fluid%1:27:00:: | definition=continuous amorphous matter that tends to flow and to conform to the outline of its container: a liquid or a gas` (This is the general definition of a fluid, encompassing liquids and gases.)

3.  **Evaluate the context against the senses:**
    *   The context specifies the purpose of the fluids: "(to prevent dehydration)".
    *   Dehydration occurs when the body loses too much water/electrolytes.
    *   To prevent dehydration, one must administer intravenous solutions (saline, electrolyte solutions, etc.). These are liquids.
    *   Sense 2 defines a fluid as "a liquid or a gas." Since the context refers to medical administration to prevent dehydration, the substance is clearly a liquid (an intravenous solution).
    *   Sense 1 is too narrow ("a substance that is fluid at room temperature and pressure") and doesn't capture the specific medical/liquid nature implied by "prevent dehydration."
    *   Sense 2 is the broader, more accurate definition of the substance being administered (a liquid solution).

4.  **Determine the best fit:**
    *   Both senses relate to liquids/gases. However, Sense 2 provides the comprehensive definition of a flowing substance (liquid or gas), which is the standard definition used when referring to IV fluids in a medical context. The context strongly implies a liquid solution.

5.  **Final Selection:** Sense 2 is the best fit. (Note: The instructions require returning the JSON structure based on the index, but since the provided candidates are numbered 1 and 2, I will use the index corresponding to Sense 2).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: prevent
Target surface form: prevent
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to <t>prevent</t> dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=prevent%2:41:01:: | definition=keep from happening or arising; make impossible | synonyms=forestall, foreclose, preclude, forbid | examples=My sense of tact forbids an honest answer; Your role in the projects precludes your involvement in the competitive project
2. sense_key=prevent%2:41:00:: | definition=stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state | synonyms=keep | examples=We must prevent the cancer from spreading; His snoring kept me from falling asleep

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "prevent" in the given context.

Context: "When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to <t>prevent</t> dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose."

Target word: "prevent" (in the phrase "to prevent dehydration").

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=prevent%2:41:01:: | definition=keep from happening or arising; make impossible | synonyms=forestall, foreclose, preclude, forbid | examples=My sense of tact forbids an honest answer; Your role in the projects precludes your involvement in the competitive project
2. sense_key=prevent%2:41:00:: | definition=stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state | synonyms=keep | examples=We must prevent the cancer from spreading; His snoring kept me from falling asleep

Analysis:
The context is "fluids (to prevent dehydration)".
Dehydration is a state (lack of water in the body).
The action of giving fluids is intended to stop or avoid the state of dehydration.

Let's evaluate the senses:
Sense 1: "keep from happening or arising; make impossible". This fits well with stopping a negative state (dehydration) from occurring. Synonyms like 'forestall' and 'preclude' suggest stopping something before it starts or making it impossible.
Sense 2: "stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state". This also fits. "Stopping from being in a certain state" (dehydration) is accurate.

Comparing the two:
The difference between the definitions is subtle:
Sense 1 emphasizes making it impossible or keeping it from arising (more about preclusion/foreclosure).
Sense 2 emphasizes stopping the action or state (more about intervention/cessation).

In the context of medical treatment ("fluids to prevent dehydration"), the goal is to stop the process or state of dehydration from developing or continuing.

Example for Sense 2: "We must prevent the cancer from spreading." (Stopping a process).
Example for Sense 1: "Your role in the projects precludes your involvement..." (Making involvement impossible).

"Preventing dehydration" is fundamentally about stopping the body from reaching or remaining in the dehydrated state. Both senses are highly relevant.

However, Sense 2, "stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state," seems slightly broader and more directly applicable to preventing a physiological state like dehydration, which is a state of being.

Let's re-examine the examples provided for the senses.
Sense 1 examples involve abstract concepts (sense of tact, project involvement).
Sense 2 examples involve concrete processes (cancer spreading, snoring keeping someone from sleeping).

The context (medical treatment, fluids, dehydration) aligns better with the concrete, process-oriented nature of Sense 2.

Therefore, Sense 2 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dehydration
Target surface form: dehydration
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent <t>dehydration</t>) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dehydration%1:26:00:: | definition=dryness resulting from the removal of water | synonyms=desiccation
2. sense_key=dehydration%1:26:01:: | definition=depletion of bodily fluids
3. sense_key=dehydration%1:22:00:: | definition=the process of extracting moisture | synonyms=desiccation, drying up, evaporation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 2
}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target word: `dehydration`
    *   Context sentence: "When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent <t>dehydration</t>) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose."
    *   The context links `dehydration` to the need for "fluids" to prevent it. This strongly suggests a physiological state or condition related to lack of water/fluids in the body.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1 (dehydration%1:26:00):**
        *   Definition: dryness resulting from the removal of water.
        *   Synonyms: desiccation.
        *   *Evaluation:* This is a general definition of dryness/water loss. It fits, but might be too broad compared to the medical context.

    *   **Sense 2 (dehydration%1:26:01):**
        *   Definition: depletion of bodily fluids.
        *   *Evaluation:* This is a precise medical/physiological definition. The need for "fluids" to prevent this state perfectly matches "depletion of bodily fluids."

    *   **Sense 3 (dehydration%1:22:00):**
        *   Definition: the process of extracting moisture.
        *   Synonyms: desiccation, drying up, evaporation.
        *   *Evaluation:* This describes the *process* (e.g., drying out a plant), not the *state* or *condition* of the body, which is what the context implies (preventing the condition with fluids).

3.  **Compare and select the best fit:**
    *   The context is medical (chemotherapy, cisplatin, anti-emetic, fluids).
    *   The action (giving fluids) is intended to counteract a lack of internal water/fluids.
    *   Sense 2 ("depletion of bodily fluids") is the most accurate and specific term for the medical condition being prevented by administering fluids.
    *   Sense 1 is accurate but less specific than Sense 2.
    *   Sense 3 describes the process, not the condition.

4.  **Conclusion:** Sense 2 is the best fit.

5.  **Format the output:** Return the JSON object with the correct sense index. (Sense 2 corresponds to index 2).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: give
Target surface form: given
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be <t>given</t> before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=give%2:40:03:: | definition=cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense | examples=She gave him a black eye; The draft gave me a cold
2. sense_key=give%2:40:05:: | definition=be the cause or source of | synonyms=yield, afford | examples=He gave me a lot of trouble; Our meeting afforded much interesting information
3. sense_key=give%2:40:00:: | definition=transfer possession of something concrete or abstract to somebody | examples=I gave her my money; can you give me lessons?
4. sense_key=give%2:40:07:: | definition=convey or reveal information | examples=Give one's name
5. sense_key=give%2:32:01:: | definition=convey, as of a compliment, regards, attention, etc.; bestow | synonyms=pay | examples=Don't pay him any mind; give the orders
6. sense_key=give%2:36:02:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, have, make | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
7. sense_key=give%2:32:00:: | definition=convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture | synonyms=throw | examples=Throw a glance; She gave me a dirty look
8. sense_key=give%2:40:01:: | definition=give as a present; make a gift of | synonyms=gift, present | examples=What will you give her for her birthday?
9. sense_key=give%2:36:03:: | definition=cause to happen or be responsible for | synonyms=yield | examples=His two singles gave the team the victory
10. sense_key=give%2:31:02:: | definition=dedicate | synonyms=pay, devote | examples=give thought to; give priority to
11. sense_key=give%2:36:00:: | definition=give or supply | synonyms=render, yield, return, generate | examples=The cow brings in 5 liters of milk; This year's crop yielded 1,000 bushels of corn
12. sense_key=give%2:40:09:: | definition=transmit (knowledge or skills) | synonyms=impart, leave, pass on | examples=give a secret to the Russians; leave your name and address here
13. sense_key=give%2:36:01:: | definition=bring about | synonyms=establish | examples=The trompe l'oeil-illusion establishes depth
14. sense_key=give%2:40:02:: | definition=leave with; give temporarily | examples=Can I give you my keys while I go in the pool?; Can I give you the children for the weekend?
15. sense_key=give%2:41:00:: | definition=emit or utter | examples=Give a gulp; give a yelp
16. sense_key=give%2:40:10:: | definition=endure the loss of | synonyms=sacrifice | examples=He gave his life for his children; I gave two sons to the war
17. sense_key=give%2:40:06:: | definition=place into the hands or custody of | synonyms=pass, hand, reach, pass on, turn over | examples=hand me the spoon, please; Turn the files over to me, please
18. sense_key=give%2:32:03:: | definition=give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause | synonyms=dedicate, consecrate, commit, devote | examples=She committed herself to the work of God; give one's talents to a good cause
19. sense_key=give%2:40:13:: | definition=give (as medicine) | examples=I gave him the drug
20. sense_key=give%2:40:14:: | definition=give or convey physically | synonyms=apply | examples=She gave him First Aid; I gave him a punch in the nose
21. sense_key=give%2:32:02:: | definition=bestow | synonyms=render | examples=give homage; render thanks
22. sense_key=give%2:40:11:: | definition=bestow, especially officially | synonyms=grant | examples=grant a degree; give a divorce
23. sense_key=give%2:38:00:: | definition=move in order to make room for someone for something | synonyms=move over, give way, ease up, yield | examples=The park gave way to a supermarket; `Move over,' he told the crowd
24. sense_key=give%2:34:00:: | definition=give food to | synonyms=feed | examples=Feed the starving children in India; don't give the child this tough meat
25. sense_key=give%2:40:08:: | definition=contribute to some cause | synonyms=contribute, chip in, kick in | examples=I gave at the office
26. sense_key=give%2:38:13:: | definition=break down, literally or metaphorically | synonyms=collapse, fall in, cave in, give way, break, founder | examples=The wall collapsed; The business collapsed
27. sense_key=give%2:31:00:: | definition=estimate the duration or outcome of something | examples=He gave the patient three months to live; I gave him a very good chance at success
28. sense_key=give%2:41:10:: | definition=execute and deliver | examples=Give bond
29. sense_key=give%2:40:12:: | definition=deliver in exchange or recompense | examples=I'll give you three books for four CDs
30. sense_key=give%2:40:15:: | definition=afford access to | synonyms=afford, open | examples=the door opens to the patio; The French doors give onto a terrace
31. sense_key=give%2:36:13:: | definition=present to view | examples=He gave the sign to start
32. sense_key=give%2:36:12:: | definition=perform for an audience | examples=Pollini is giving another concert in New York
33. sense_key=give%2:35:00:: | definition=be flexible under stress of physical force | synonyms=yield | examples=This material doesn't give
34. sense_key=give%2:34:10:: | definition=propose | examples=He gave the first of many toasts at the birthday party
35. sense_key=give%2:32:11:: | definition=accord by verdict | examples=give a decision for the plaintiff
36. sense_key=give%2:32:08:: | definition=manifest or show | examples=This student gives promise of real creativity; The office gave evidence of tampering
37. sense_key=give%2:32:15:: | definition=offer in good faith | examples=He gave her his word
38. sense_key=give%2:32:14:: | definition=submit for consideration, judgment, or use | examples=give one's opinion; give an excuse
39. sense_key=give%2:32:09:: | definition=guide or direct, as by behavior of persuasion | examples=You gave me to think that you agreed with me
40. sense_key=give%2:32:07:: | definition=allow to have or take | examples=I give you two minutes to respond
41. sense_key=give%2:32:10:: | definition=inflict as a punishment | examples=She gave the boy a good spanking; The judge gave me 10 years
42. sense_key=give%2:30:13:: | definition=occur | examples=what gives?
43. sense_key=give%2:29:11:: | definition=consent to engage in sexual intercourse with a man | examples=She gave herself to many men
44. sense_key=give%2:29:10:: | definition=proffer (a body part) | examples=She gave her hand to her little sister

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:** The goal is to perform fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "given" (past participle of "give") based on the provided context and candidate WordNet senses. The output must be a JSON object containing only the single best sense index.

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The text is a medical/pharmaceutical instruction guide regarding the drug Alimta.
    *   "Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor..." (Meaning: administered/provided)
    *   "It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes." (Meaning: administered/provided)
    *   "...patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid... and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta." (Implies the injections are *given*.)
    *   "When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine... and fluids... should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose." (Meaning: administered/provided/supplied.)

3.  **Determine the Meaning of "given" in Context:** In this medical context, "given" means *administered*, *supplied*, or *provided* (specifically, a drug or treatment).

4.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses (Focusing on Administration/Supply):**

    *   1. cause to have (Too abstract/general)
    *   2. be the cause or source of (Causation, not administration)
    *   3. transfer possession of something concrete or abstract to somebody (Transferring ownership, not administering a dose)
    *   4. convey or reveal information (Incorrect)
    *   5. convey, as of a compliment, regards, attention, etc.; bestow (Too specific/social)
    *   6. organize or be responsible for (Incorrect)
    *   7. convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture (Incorrect)
    *   8. give as a present; make a gift of (Incorrect, though related to providing, the context is medical treatment)
    *   9. cause to happen or be responsible for (Causation, not administration)
    *   10. dedicate (Incorrect)
    *   11. give or supply (Synonyms: render, yield, return, generate. This fits the idea of providing a substance/dose.)
    *   12. transmit (knowledge or skills) (Incorrect)
    *   13. bring about (Incorrect)
    *   14. leave with; give temporarily (Incorrect)
    *   15. emit or utter (Incorrect)
    *   16. endure the loss of (Incorrect)
    *   17. place into the hands or custody of (Closer, but often implies physical handing over, whereas medical administration is a process.)
    *   18. give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause (Incorrect)
    *   19. give (as medicine) (This is highly specific and perfectly matches the context: "Alimta should only be given," "fluids... should also be given.")
    *   20. give or convey physically (Too general; 19 is more precise.)
    *   21. bestow (Too general/formal)
    *   22. bestow, especially officially (Incorrect)
    *   23. move in order to make room for someone for something (Incorrect)
    *   24. give food to (Too narrow; the context includes drugs and fluids.)
    *   25. contribute to some cause (Incorrect)
    *   26. break down, literally or metaphorically (Incorrect)
    *   27. estimate the duration or outcome of something (Incorrect)
    *   28. execute and deliver (Too formal/specific)
    *   29. deliver in exchange or recompense (Incorrect)
    *   30. afford access to (Incorrect)
    *   31. present to view (Incorrect)
    *   32. perform for an audience (Incorrect)
    *   33. be flexible under stress of physical force (Incorrect)
    *   34. propose (Incorrect)
    *   35. accord by verdict (Incorrect)
    *   36. manifest or show (Incorrect)
    *   37. offer in good faith (Incorrect)
    *   38. submit for consideration, judgment, or use (Incorrect)
    *   39. guide or direct, as by behavior of persuasion (Incorrect)
    *   40. allow to have or take (This is close, but 19 is more direct for medical context.)
    *   41. inflict as a punishment (Incorrect)
    *   42. occur (Incorrect)
    *   43. consent to engage in sexual intercourse with a man (Incorrect)
    *   44. proffer (a body part) (Incorrect)

5.  **Select the Best Sense:** Sense 19, "give (as medicine)," is the most precise and contextually accurate fit for administering drugs (Alimta, cisplatin, fluids). Sense 11 ("give or supply") is also plausible but less specific than 19.

6.  **Final Check:** The context is about administering chemotherapy and fluids. Sense 19 is specifically defined as "give (as medicine)." This is the best choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: before
Target surface form: before
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given <t>before</t> or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=before%4:02:03:: | definition=earlier in time; previously | synonyms=earlier | examples=I had known her before; as I said before
2. sense_key=before%4:02:01:: | definition=at or in the front | synonyms=ahead, in front | examples=I see the lights of a town ahead; the road ahead is foggy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "before" in the given context.

Context: "When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given <t>before</t> or after the cisplatin dose."

Target word: before

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=before%4:02:03:: | definition=earlier in time; previously | synonyms=earlier | examples=I had known her before; as I said before
2. sense_key=before%4:02:01:: | definition=at or in the front | synonyms=ahead, in front | examples=I see the lights of a town ahead; the road ahead is foggy

Analysis:
The sentence discusses the timing of administering fluids and anti-emetic medicine relative to the cisplatin dose. The phrase is "given before or after the cisplatin dose."

Sense 1 relates to time ("earlier in time; previously"). This fits perfectly with scheduling medical treatments relative to a dose.
Sense 2 relates to physical location ("at or in the front"). This does not fit the context of administering medication relative to a dose.

Conclusion: Sense 1 is the correct sense.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: after
Target surface form: after
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or <t>after</t> the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=after%4:02:01:: | definition=happening at a time subsequent to a reference time | synonyms=subsequently, later, afterwards, afterward, later on | examples=he apologized subsequently; he's going to the store but he'll be back here later
2. sense_key=after%4:02:00:: | definition=behind or in the rear | examples=and Jill came tumbling after

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "after" in the given context.

Context: "When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or <t>after</t> the cisplatin dose."

Target word: "after"

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=after%4:02:01:: | definition=happening at a time subsequent to a reference time | synonyms=subsequently, later, afterwards, afterward, later on | examples=he apologized subsequently; he's going to the store but he'll be back here later
2. sense_key=after%4:02:00:: | definition=behind or in the rear | examples=and Jill came tumbling after

Analysis:
The context discusses administering medications (anti-emetic medicine and fluids) relative to the "cisplatin dose." The phrase is "before or after the cisplatin dose." This clearly refers to timing—whether the administration happens prior to or subsequent to the dose.

Sense 1: "happening at a time subsequent to a reference time." This matches the temporal meaning required by the context ("after the cisplatin dose"). Synonyms like "subsequently," "later," and "afterwards" confirm this temporal usage.
Sense 2: "behind or in the rear." This is a spatial meaning (e.g., following physically), which is irrelevant here.

Conclusion: Sense 1 is the correct sense.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dose
Target surface form: dose
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin <t>dose</t>. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dose%1:06:00:: | definition=a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time | synonyms=dosage
2. sense_key=dose%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time | synonyms=dosage
3. sense_key=dose%1:26:00:: | definition=a communicable infection transmitted by sexual intercourse or genital contact | synonyms=venereal disease, VD, venereal infection, social disease, Cupid's itch, Cupid's disease
4. sense_key=dose%1:06:01:: | definition=street name for lysergic acid diethylamide | synonyms=acid, back breaker, battery-acid, dot, Elvis, loony toons

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: dose
    *   Target surface form: dose
    *   Context snippet: "...should also be given before or after the cisplatin <t>dose</t>."
    *   Surrounding text discusses chemotherapy (Alimta, cisplatin), medical treatments, side effects, and reducing/delaying treatment based on blood counts.

2.  **Examine the candidate senses:**
    *   Sense 1: a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time. Synonyms: dosage. (Relates to medicine/treatment.)
    *   Sense 2: the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time. Synonyms: dosage. (Relates to quantity/medicine/treatment.)
    *   Sense 3: a communicable infection transmitted by sexual intercourse or genital contact. Synonyms: venereal disease, VD, venereal infection, social disease, Cupid's itch, Cupid's disease. (Relates to disease/sexually transmitted infections.)
    *   Sense 4: street name for lysergic acid diethylamide. Synonyms: acid, back breaker, battery-acid, dot, Elvis, loony toons. (Relates to drugs/substance abuse.)

3.  **Determine the best fit:**
    *   The context is entirely medical (chemotherapy, Alimta, cisplatin, anti-emetic, blood counts).
    *   The phrase "cisplatin dose" refers to the amount of the drug cisplatin administered.
    *   Sense 3 (STIs) is irrelevant.
    *   Sense 4 (LSD street name) is irrelevant.
    *   Both Sense 1 and Sense 2 relate to the quantity of medicine.
    *   Sense 1: "a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time."
    *   Sense 2: "the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time."
    *   Since cisplatin is an active chemical agent used in chemotherapy, Sense 2 ("quantity of an active agent") is slightly more precise and encompassing than Sense 1 ("measured portion of medicine"), although both are highly relevant. However, in the context of chemotherapy, the concept of the *quantity* of the active agent (cisplatin) is the most accurate definition.

4.  **Select the single best sense:** Sense 2.

5.  **Format the output:** JSON object with the sense index.