[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: night
Target surface form: night
Context:
Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday <t>night</t> practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=night%1:28:00:: | definition=the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside | synonyms=nighttime, dark
2. sense_key=night%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of ignorance or backwardness or gloom
3. sense_key=night%1:28:04:: | definition=the period spent sleeping | examples=I had a restless night
4. sense_key=night%1:28:02:: | definition=the dark part of the diurnal cycle considered a time unit | examples=three nights later he collapsed
5. sense_key=night%1:26:00:: | definition=darkness | examples=it vanished into the night
6. sense_key=night%1:28:05:: | definition=a shortening of nightfall | examples=they worked from morning to night
7. sense_key=night%1:28:03:: | definition=the time between sunset and midnight | examples=he watched television every night
8. sense_key=night%1:18:00:: | definition=Roman goddess of night; daughter of Erebus; counterpart of Greek Nyx | synonyms=Nox

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is: "A look at a Thursday <t>night</t> practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved."
2.  **Determine the meaning of 'night' in context:** Here, 'night' refers to a specific time when the practice session took place (Thursday night).
3.  **Examine the candidate senses:**
    *   1. `night%1:28:00`: the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside (synonyms: nighttime, dark). This fits the general concept of the time period.
    *   2. `night%1:28:01`: a period of ignorance or backwardness or gloom. (Metaphorical, unlikely here).
    *   3. `night%1:28:04`: the period spent sleeping (examples: I had a restless night). While 'night' can mean sleeping time, the context is a "practice" session, which is an activity, not necessarily sleep.
    *   4. `night%1:28:02`: the dark part of the diurnal cycle considered a time unit (examples: three nights later he collapsed). This is a general temporal unit.
    *   5. `night%1:26:00`: darkness (synonyms: darkness). This is a state, not a time period for a practice.
    *   6. `night%1:28:05`: a shortening of nightfall. (Irrelevant).
    *   7. `night%1:28:03`: the time between sunset and midnight (examples: he watched television every night). This is a specific temporal period.
    *   8. `night%1:18:00`: Roman goddess of night. (Proper noun, irrelevant).
4.  **Compare the best candidates (1, 4, 7):**
    *   The context refers to a specific time of day ("Thursday night practice").
    *   Sense 1 (after sunset/before sunrise, dark outside) is the most comprehensive definition of the temporal period.
    *   Sense 4 (dark part of the diurnal cycle) is also very general and fits.
    *   Sense 7 (time between sunset and midnight) is a specific subset of the general night period.
5.  **Select the best fit:** Sense 1 provides the most accurate and general definition for 'night' when used as a temporal marker for an evening activity. It encompasses the idea of the time period when the practice occurred. Sense 4 is also strong, but Sense 1 is slightly more descriptive of the physical state associated with that time period.

6.  **Final Check:** "Thursday night practice" refers to the time period of the evening/night. Sense 1: "the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside." This is the best fit.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: practice
Target surface form: practice
Context:
Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night <t>practice</t> at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=practice%1:04:00:: | definition=a customary way of operation or behavior | synonyms=pattern | examples=it is their practice to give annual raises; they changed their dietary pattern
2. sense_key=practice%1:04:02:: | definition=systematic training by multiple repetitions | synonyms=exercise, drill, practice session, recitation | examples=practice makes perfect
3. sense_key=practice%1:04:04:: | definition=translating an idea into action | synonyms=praxis | examples=a hard theory to put into practice; differences between theory and praxis of communism
4. sense_key=practice%1:04:03:: | definition=the exercise of a profession | examples=the practice of the law; I took over his practice when he retired
5. sense_key=practice%1:09:00:: | definition=knowledge of how something is usually done | examples=it is not the local practice to wear shorts to dinner

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "practice" in the given context.

Context: "A look at a Thursday night <t>practice</t> at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber."

Target word: practice

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=practice%1:04:00:: | definition=a customary way of operation or behavior | synonyms=pattern | examples=it is their practice to give annual raises; they changed their dietary pattern (Custom/Pattern)
2. sense_key=practice%1:04:02:: | definition=systematic training by multiple repetitions | synonyms=exercise, drill, practice session, recitation | examples=practice makes perfect (Training/Rehearsal)
3. sense_key=practice%1:04:04:: | definition=translating an idea into action | synonyms=praxis | examples=a hard theory to put into practice; differences between theory and praxis of communism (Action/Application)
4. sense_key=practice%1:04:03:: | definition=the exercise of a profession | examples=the practice of the law; I took over his practice when he retired (Profession)
5. sense_key=practice%1:09:00:: | definition=knowledge of how something is usually done | examples=it is not the local practice to wear shorts to dinner (Custom/Norm)

Analysis:
The context describes a group of "ringers" performing a complex activity involving bells and specific "methods" (patterns of changes). The word "practice" refers to a specific event ("a Thursday night practice") where these ringers are engaged in the activity.

1. Customary way/Pattern: While the ringing involves patterns, "practice" here refers to the session itself, not the general custom.
2. Systematic training by multiple repetitions: The description of ringers learning "methods" and performing a series of changes strongly suggests rehearsal or training. This fits the definition of systematic training.
3. Translating an idea into action: This sense relates to implementation (e.g., putting a theory into practice), which is irrelevant here.
4. Exercise of a profession: While ringing might be a hobby or profession, "practice" here refers to the session/rehearsal, not the profession itself (like a doctor's practice).
5. Knowledge of how something is usually done: This refers to established norms, not the session of activity.

Conclusion: The context clearly indicates that "practice" is a session dedicated to rehearsing and perfecting the complex ringing patterns. Sense 2, "systematic training by multiple repetitions," is the best fit.

Mapping to the required output format:
The best sense is sense_key=practice%1:04:02.
The required output is a JSON object with the sense index (which corresponds to the order of the candidates provided, starting from 1).
Sense 2 is the second candidate.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: church
Target surface form: church
Context:
Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot <t>church</t> in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=church%1:14:00:: | definition=one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship | synonyms=Christian church
2. sense_key=church%1:06:00:: | definition=a place for public (especially Christian) worship | synonyms=church building | examples=the church was empty
3. sense_key=church%1:04:00:: | definition=a service conducted in a house of worship | synonyms=church service | examples=don't be late for church
4. sense_key=church%1:14:01:: | definition=the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church | examples=our church is hosting a picnic next week

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "church" based on the provided context.

Context: "A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot <t>church</t> in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber."

The context describes a practice session involving "ringers," "bells," "ringing chamber," and "ropes" in a specific location ("St. Mary Abbot church"). This strongly suggests a physical building where bell ringing takes place.

Candidate Senses:
1. `church%1:14:00`: one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship (Denomination/Group). Synonyms: Christian church.
2. `church%1:06:00`: a place for public (especially Christian) worship (Building). Synonyms: church building. Examples: the church was empty.
3. `church%1:04:00`: a service conducted in a house of worship (Event/Service). Synonyms: church service. Examples: don't be late for church.
4. `church%1:14:01`: the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church (Congregation/Community). Examples: our church is hosting a picnic next week.

Analysis:
The phrase "St. Mary Abbot church" refers to a specific location where activities (bell ringing practice) are happening. The description of "ringers," "ropes," and "ringing chamber" points to the physical structure used for this activity.

Sense 1 (Group/Denomination) is incorrect.
Sense 3 (Service/Event) is incorrect; the context is about the location of the practice, not the service itself.
Sense 4 (Congregation/People) is incorrect; the word refers to the institution/building where the practice occurs.
Sense 2 (Building/Place of worship) fits perfectly, as the context describes the physical location ("St. Mary Abbot church") where the bell ringing takes place.

Therefore, sense_key=church%1:06:00 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: give
Target surface form: gives
Context:
Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London <t>gives</t> an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=give%2:40:03:: | definition=cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense | examples=She gave him a black eye; The draft gave me a cold
2. sense_key=give%2:40:05:: | definition=be the cause or source of | synonyms=yield, afford | examples=He gave me a lot of trouble; Our meeting afforded much interesting information
3. sense_key=give%2:40:00:: | definition=transfer possession of something concrete or abstract to somebody | examples=I gave her my money; can you give me lessons?
4. sense_key=give%2:40:07:: | definition=convey or reveal information | examples=Give one's name
5. sense_key=give%2:32:01:: | definition=convey, as of a compliment, regards, attention, etc.; bestow | synonyms=pay | examples=Don't pay him any mind; give the orders
6. sense_key=give%2:36:02:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, have, make | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
7. sense_key=give%2:32:00:: | definition=convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture | synonyms=throw | examples=Throw a glance; She gave me a dirty look
8. sense_key=give%2:40:01:: | definition=give as a present; make a gift of | synonyms=gift, present | examples=What will you give her for her birthday?
9. sense_key=give%2:36:03:: | definition=cause to happen or be responsible for | synonyms=yield | examples=His two singles gave the team the victory
10. sense_key=give%2:31:02:: | definition=dedicate | synonyms=pay, devote | examples=give thought to; give priority to
11. sense_key=give%2:36:00:: | definition=give or supply | synonyms=render, yield, return, generate | examples=The cow brings in 5 liters of milk; This year's crop yielded 1,000 bushels of corn
12. sense_key=give%2:40:09:: | definition=transmit (knowledge or skills) | synonyms=impart, leave, pass on | examples=give a secret to the Russians; leave your name and address here
13. sense_key=give%2:36:01:: | definition=bring about | synonyms=establish | examples=The trompe l'oeil-illusion establishes depth
14. sense_key=give%2:40:02:: | definition=leave with; give temporarily | examples=Can I give you my keys while I go in the pool?; Can I give you the children for the weekend?
15. sense_key=give%2:41:00:: | definition=emit or utter | examples=Give a gulp; give a yelp
16. sense_key=give%2:40:10:: | definition=endure the loss of | synonyms=sacrifice | examples=He gave his life for his children; I gave two sons to the war
17. sense_key=give%2:40:06:: | definition=place into the hands or custody of | synonyms=pass, hand, reach, pass on, turn over | examples=hand me the spoon, please; Turn the files over to me, please
18. sense_key=give%2:32:03:: | definition=give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause | synonyms=dedicate, consecrate, commit, devote | examples=She committed herself to the work of God; give one's talents to a good cause
19. sense_key=give%2:40:13:: | definition=give (as medicine) | examples=I gave him the drug
20. sense_key=give%2:40:14:: | definition=give or convey physically | synonyms=apply | examples=She gave him First Aid; I gave him a punch in the nose
21. sense_key=give%2:32:02:: | definition=bestow | synonyms=render | examples=give homage; render thanks
22. sense_key=give%2:40:11:: | definition=bestow, especially officially | synonyms=grant | examples=grant a degree; give a divorce
23. sense_key=give%2:38:00:: | definition=move in order to make room for someone for something | synonyms=move over, give way, ease up, yield | examples=The park gave way to a supermarket; `Move over,' he told the crowd
24. sense_key=give%2:34:00:: | definition=give food to | synonyms=feed | examples=Feed the starving children in India; don't give the child this tough meat
25. sense_key=give%2:40:08:: | definition=contribute to some cause | synonyms=contribute, chip in, kick in | examples=I gave at the office
26. sense_key=give%2:38:13:: | definition=break down, literally or metaphorically | synonyms=collapse, fall in, cave in, give way, break, founder | examples=The wall collapsed; The business collapsed
27. sense_key=give%2:31:00:: | definition=estimate the duration or outcome of something | examples=He gave the patient three months to live; I gave him a very good chance at success
28. sense_key=give%2:41:10:: | definition=execute and deliver | examples=Give bond
29. sense_key=give%2:40:12:: | definition=deliver in exchange or recompense | examples=I'll give you three books for four CDs
30. sense_key=give%2:40:15:: | definition=afford access to | synonyms=afford, open | examples=the door opens to the patio; The French doors give onto a terrace
31. sense_key=give%2:36:13:: | definition=present to view | examples=He gave the sign to start
32. sense_key=give%2:36:12:: | definition=perform for an audience | examples=Pollini is giving another concert in New York
33. sense_key=give%2:35:00:: | definition=be flexible under stress of physical force | synonyms=yield | examples=This material doesn't give
34. sense_key=give%2:34:10:: | definition=propose | examples=He gave the first of many toasts at the birthday party
35. sense_key=give%2:32:11:: | definition=accord by verdict | examples=give a decision for the plaintiff
36. sense_key=give%2:32:08:: | definition=manifest or show | examples=This student gives promise of real creativity; The office gave evidence of tampering
37. sense_key=give%2:32:15:: | definition=offer in good faith | examples=He gave her his word
38. sense_key=give%2:32:14:: | definition=submit for consideration, judgment, or use | examples=give one's opinion; give an excuse
39. sense_key=give%2:32:09:: | definition=guide or direct, as by behavior of persuasion | examples=You gave me to think that you agreed with me
40. sense_key=give%2:32:07:: | definition=allow to have or take | examples=I give you two minutes to respond
41. sense_key=give%2:32:10:: | definition=inflict as a punishment | examples=She gave the boy a good spanking; The judge gave me 10 years
42. sense_key=give%2:30:13:: | definition=occur | examples=what gives?
43. sense_key=give%2:29:11:: | definition=consent to engage in sexual intercourse with a man | examples=She gave herself to many men
44. sense_key=give%2:29:10:: | definition=proffer (a body part) | examples=She gave her hand to her little sister

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "gives" in the provided context.
The target lemma is "give".
The target surface form is "gives".
The context is: "A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved."

I need to analyze how "gives" is used in this sentence.
"A look at... gives an idea of the work involved."
Here, "A look at..." is the subject. "gives" is the verb. "an idea of the work involved" is the direct object.
The meaning is that the look *provides* or *reveals* an idea.

I will examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=give%2:40:03:: | definition=cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense | examples=She gave him a black eye; The draft gave me a cold (Relates to causing a state/condition)
2. sense_key=give%2:40:05:: | definition=be the cause or source of | synonyms=yield, afford | examples=He gave me a lot of trouble; Our meeting afforded much interesting information (Relates to being the source/cause)
3. sense_key=give%2:40:00:: | definition=transfer possession of something concrete or abstract to somebody | examples=I gave her my money; can you give me lessons? (Transferring possession)
4. sense_key=give%2:40:07:: | definition=convey or reveal information | examples=Give one's name (This matches the idea of revealing/conveying information, like a look conveying an idea.)
5. sense_key=give%2:32:01:: | definition=convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture | synonyms=pay | examples=Don't pay him any mind; give the orders (Relates to conveying non-verbal communication, which fits "A look... gives an idea.")
6. sense_key=give%2:36:02:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, have, make | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party (Organizing)
7. sense_key=give%2:32:00:: | definition=convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture | synonyms=throw | examples=Throw a glance; She gave me a dirty look (Similar to 5, focusing on gestures/looks.)
8. sense_key=give%2:40:01:: | definition=give as a present; make a gift of | synonyms=gift, present | examples=What will you give her for her birthday? (Gifting)
9. sense_key=give%2:36:03:: | definition=cause to happen or be responsible for | synonyms=yield | examples=His two singles gave the team the victory (Causing an outcome)
10. sense_key=give%2:31:02:: | definition=dedicate | synonyms=pay, devote | examples=give thought to; give priority to (Dedication)
11. sense_key=give%2:36:00:: | definition=give or supply | synonyms=render, yield, return, generate | examples=The cow brings in 5 liters of milk; This year's crop yielded 1,000 bushels of corn (Supplying/Producing)
12. sense_key=give%2:40:09:: | definition=transmit (knowledge or skills) | synonyms=impart, leave, pass on | examples=give a secret to the Russians; leave your name and address here (Teaching/Passing on knowledge)
13. sense_key=give%2:36:01:: | definition=bring about | synonyms=establish | examples=The trompe l'oeil-illusion establishes depth (Causing existence/establishment)
14. sense_key=give%2:40:02:: | definition=leave with; give temporarily | examples=Can I give you my keys while I go in the pool?; Can I give you the children for the weekend? (Temporary custody)
15. sense_key=give%2:41:00:: | definition=emit or utter | examples=Give a gulp; give a yelp (Vocalization)
16. sense_key=give%2:40:10:: | definition=endure the loss of | synonyms=sacrifice | examples=He gave his life for his children; I gave two sons to the war (Sacrifice)
17. sense_key=give%2:40:06:: | definition=place into the hands or custody of | synonyms=pass, hand, reach, pass on, turn over (Physical transfer)
18. sense_key=give%2:32:03:: | definition=give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause | synonyms=dedicate, consecrate, commit, devote (Devotion)
19. sense_key=give%2:40:13:: | definition=give (as medicine) | examples=I gave him the drug (Administering medicine)
20. sense_key=give%2:40:14:: | definition=give or convey physically | synonyms=apply | examples=She gave him First Aid; I gave him a punch in the nose (Physical application)
21. sense_key=give%2:32:02:: | definition=bestow | synonyms=render | examples=give homage; render thanks (Bestowing abstract things)
22. sense_key=give%2:40:11:: | definition=bestow, especially officially | synonyms=grant | examples=grant a degree; give a divorce (Granting official status)
23. sense_key=give%2:38:00:: | definition=move in order to make room for someone for something | synonyms=move over, give way, ease up, yield | examples=The park gave way to a supermarket; `Move over,' he told the crowd (Yielding space)
24. sense_key=give%2:34:00:: | definition=give food to | synonyms=feed | examples=Feed the starving children in India; don't give the child this tough meat (Feeding)
25. sense_key=give%2:40:08:: | definition=contribute to some cause | synonyms=contribute, chip in, kick in | examples=I gave at the office (Contributing financially/effort)
26. sense_key=give%2:38:13:: | definition=break down, literally or metaphorically | synonyms=collapse, fall in, cave in, give way, break, founder (Structural failure)
27. sense_key=give%2:31:00:: | definition=estimate the duration or outcome of something | examples=He gave the patient three months to live; I gave him a very good chance at success (Estimating)
28. sense_key=give%2:41:10:: | definition=execute and deliver | examples=Give bond (Fulfilling a promise/obligation)
29. sense_key=give%2:40:12:: | definition=deliver in exchange or recompense | examples=I'll give you three books for four CDs (Trading)
30. sense_key=give%2:40:15:: | definition=afford access to | synonyms=afford, open | examples=the door opens to the patio; The French doors give onto a terrace (Providing access)
31. sense_key=give%2:36:13:: | definition=present to view | examples=He gave the sign to start (Showing/Presenting)
32. sense_key=give%2:36:12:: | definition=perform for an audience | examples=Pollini is giving another concert in New York (Performing)
33. sense_key=give%2:35:00:: | definition=be flexible under stress of physical force | synonyms=yield | examples=This material doesn't give (Physical yielding)
34. sense_key=give%2:34:10:: | definition=propose | examples=He gave the first of many toasts at the birthday party (Suggesting/Proposing)
35. sense_key=give%2:32:11:: | definition=accord by verdict | examples=give a decision for the plaintiff (Judicial ruling)
36. sense_key=give%2:32:08:: | definition=manifest or show | examples=This student gives promise of real creativity; The office gave evidence of tampering (Showing/Indicating)
37. sense_key=give%2:32:15:: | definition=offer in good faith | examples=He gave her his word (Promising)
38. sense_key=give%2:32:14:: | definition=submit for consideration, judgment, or use | examples=give one's opinion; give an excuse (Presenting for review)
39. sense_key=give%2:32:09:: | definition=guide or direct, as by behavior of persuasion | examples=You gave me to think that you agreed with me (Influencing thought)
40. sense_key=give%2:32:07:: | definition=allow to have or take | examples=I give you two minutes to respond (Permitting)
41. sense_key=give%2:32:10:: | definition=inflict as a punishment | examples=She gave the boy a good spanking; The judge gave me 10 years (Punishing)
42. sense_key=give%2:30:13:: | definition=occur | examples=what gives? (Happening)
43. sense_key=give%2:29:11:: | definition=consent to engage in sexual intercourse with a man | examples=She gave herself to many men (Sexual consent)
44. sense_key=give%2:29:10:: | definition=proffer (a body part) | examples=She gave her hand to her little sister (Offering a body part)

The sentence is: "A look at... gives an idea of the work involved."
The look is acting as a source of information/understanding.

Candidates that fit the meaning of "providing information/revealing":
4. sense_key=give%2:40:07:: | definition=convey or reveal information
5. sense_key=give%2:32:01:: | definition=convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture
7. sense_key=give%2:32:00:: | definition=convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture
36. sense_key=give%2:32:08:: | definition=manifest or show
39. sense_key=give%2:32:09:: | definition=guide or direct, as by behavior of persuasion

Sense 5 and 7 specifically mention "of a smile, a look, a physical gesture," making them highly relevant to the subject "A look at...".
Sense 4 is general ("convey or reveal information").
Sense 36 is general ("manifest or show").

Let's compare 5 and 7. They are very similar.
5: "convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture"
7: "convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture"
(Note: The provided definitions for 5 and 7 are identical in the prompt, which is unusual, but they both capture the core meaning.)

Sense 4: "convey or reveal information" is the most abstract fit for "gives an idea".
Sense 5/7: "convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture" is the most specific fit, linking the action directly to the subject ("A look").

Since the subject is explicitly "A look," Sense 5 or 7 is the most precise fit. I will choose Sense 5 as a representative of this specific usage.

Checking Sense 5: definition=convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture.
Context: "A look at... gives an idea..." -> The look conveys the idea. This is a perfect match.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: idea
Target surface form: idea
Context:
Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an <t>idea</t> of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=idea%1:09:00:: | definition=the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about | synonyms=thought | examples=it was not a good idea; the thought never entered my mind
2. sense_key=idea%1:09:01:: | definition=your intention; what you intend to do | synonyms=mind | examples=he had in mind to see his old teacher; the idea of the game is to capture all the pieces
3. sense_key=idea%1:09:03:: | definition=a personal view | examples=he has an idea that we don't like him
4. sense_key=idea%1:09:02:: | definition=an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth | synonyms=estimate, estimation, approximation | examples=an estimate of what it would cost; a rough idea how long it would take
5. sense_key=idea%1:10:00:: | definition=(music) melodic subject of a musical composition | synonyms=theme, melodic theme, musical theme | examples=the theme is announced in the first measures; the accompanist picked up the idea and elaborated it

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 4
}
```

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 4
}
```

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "idea" in the given context.

Context: "A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an <t>idea</t> of the work involved."

Target word: idea

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=idea%1:09:00:: | definition=the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about | synonyms=thought | examples=it was not a good idea; the thought never entered my mind
2. sense_key=idea%1:09:01:: | definition=your intention; what you intend to do | synonyms=mind | examples=he had in mind to see his old teacher; the idea of the game is to capture all the pieces
3. sense_key=idea%1:09:03:: | definition=a personal view | examples=he has an idea that we don't like him
4. sense_key=idea%1:09:02:: | definition=an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth | synonyms=estimate, estimation, approximation | examples=an estimate of what it would cost; a rough idea how long it would take
5. sense_key=idea%1:10:00:: | definition=(music) melodic subject of a musical composition | synonyms=theme, melodic theme, musical theme | examples=the theme is announced in the first measures; the accompanist picked up the idea and elaborated it

Analysis of the context:
"A look at a Thursday night practice... gives an idea of the work involved."
Here, "an idea" refers to a general impression, a sense, or an approximation of what the work entails. It is not a specific thought (Sense 1), an intention (Sense 2), a personal opinion (Sense 3), or a musical theme (Sense 5).

Analysis of candidate senses:
1. Content of cognition/thought: Doesn't fit. "A look gives a thought" is awkward.
2. Intention: Doesn't fit. "A look gives an intention" makes no sense.
3. Personal view: While related to perception, "an idea of the work involved" usually means a general sense or scope, which is closer to estimation than a specific personal belief (like "he has an idea that we don't like him").
4. Approximate calculation/estimation: This fits perfectly. "An idea of the work involved" means an estimate or a general sense of the scope and difficulty of the work. The synonyms (estimate, approximation) strongly support this.
5. Musical subject: Irrelevant.

Conclusion: Sense 4 is the best fit.

Mapping to the required output format:
The best sense is sense_key=idea%1:09:02.
The required output is a JSON object with the sense index.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: work
Target surface form: work
Context:
Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the <t>work</t> involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=work%1:04:00:: | definition=activity directed toward making or doing something | examples=she checked several points needing further work
2. sense_key=work%1:06:00:: | definition=a product produced or accomplished through the effort or activity or agency of a person or thing | synonyms=piece of work | examples=it is not regarded as one of his more memorable works; the symphony was hailed as an ingenious work
3. sense_key=work%1:04:01:: | definition=the occupation for which you are paid | synonyms=employment | examples=he is looking for employment; a lot of people are out of work
4. sense_key=work%1:09:00:: | definition=applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading) | synonyms=study | examples=mastering a second language requires a lot of work; no schools offer graduate study in interior design
5. sense_key=work%1:19:00:: | definition=(physics) a manifestation of energy; the transfer of energy from one physical system to another expressed as the product of a force and the distance through which it moves a body in the direction of that force | examples=work equals force times distance
6. sense_key=work%1:06:01:: | definition=a place where work is done | synonyms=workplace | examples=he arrived at work early today
7. sense_key=work%1:06:02:: | definition=the total output of a writer or artist (or a substantial part of it) | synonyms=oeuvre, body of work | examples=he studied the entire Wagnerian oeuvre; Picasso's work can be divided into periods

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is: "A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the <t>work</t> involved."
2.  **Analyze the surrounding text/topic:** The text describes the complex process of bell ringing ("rounds," "methods," "peal," "ringers," "patterns of changes").
3.  **Determine the meaning of 'work' in context:** Here, 'work' refers to the effort, complexity, or activity required to perform the bell ringing practice. It is not a job (occupation), a physical product, a place, or a scientific concept.
4.  **Evaluate the candidate senses:**
    *   1. `activity directed toward making or doing something`: This fits well. The bell ringing is an activity/effort.
    *   2. `a product produced or accomplished through the effort or activity or agency of a person or thing`: This also fits. The "peal" or the performance itself is the accomplished product of effort.
    *   3. `the occupation for which you are paid`: Incorrect. It's not a job description here.
    *   4. `applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject`: Incorrect. It's about performance, not study.
    *   5. `(physics) a manifestation of energy...`: Incorrect.
    *   6. `a place where work is done`: Incorrect.
    *   7. `the total output of a writer or artist`: Incorrect.
5.  **Compare the best candidates (1 and 2):**
    *   Sense 1: "activity directed toward making or doing something." (Focuses on the process/effort).
    *   Sense 2: "a product produced or accomplished through the effort or activity or agency of a person or thing." (Focuses on the result/achievement).
    *   In the phrase "the work involved," it typically refers to the scope of effort, complexity, or the task itself. Both 1 and 2 are plausible, but Sense 1 ("activity directed toward making or doing something") captures the sense of the *effort* and *complexity* of the performance described (memorizing patterns, executing changes) more directly than Sense 2, which leans toward a finished artifact (like a symphony or painting). However, in common usage, "the work involved" often means "the effort/task required."
6.  **Re-evaluating the nuance:** When discussing a complex performance or task, "the work involved" usually means the amount of effort, skill, and activity required. Sense 1 is the most precise fit for describing the nature of the activity (bell ringing) that requires effort.
7.  **Final Selection:** Sense 1 is the best fit. (activity directed toward making or doing something).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: involved
Target surface form: involved
Context:
Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work <t>involved</t>. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=involved%3:00:00:: | definition=connected by participation or association or use | examples=we accomplished nothing, simply because of the large number of people involved; the problems involved
2. sense_key=involved%5:00:00:encumbered:00 | definition=entangled or hindered as if e.g. in mire | synonyms=mired | examples=the difficulties in which the question is involved; brilliant leadership mired in details and confusion
3. sense_key=involved%5:00:00:attached:01 | definition=emotionally involved
4. sense_key=involved%5:00:00:complex:00 | definition=highly complex or intricate and occasionally devious; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; - Sir Walter Scott | synonyms=Byzantine, convoluted, knotty, tangled, tortuous | examples=the Byzantine tax structure; Byzantine methods for holding on to his chairmanship
5. sense_key=involved%5:00:00:enclosed:00 | definition=enveloped | examples=a castle involved in mist; the difficulties in which the question is involved

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "involved" in the given context.

Context: "A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work <t>involved</t>."

Target word: involved

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=involved%3:00:00:: | definition=connected by participation or association or use | examples=we accomplished nothing, simply because of the large number of people involved; the problems involved
2. sense_key=involved%5:00:00:encumbered:00 | definition=entangled or hindered as if e.g. in mire | synonyms=mired | examples=the difficulties in which the question is involved; brilliant leadership mired in details and confusion
3. sense_key=involved%5:00:00:attached:01 | definition=emotionally involved
4. sense_key=involved%5:00:00:complex:00 | definition=highly complex or intricate and occasionally devious; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; - Sir Walter Scott | synonyms=Byzantine, convoluted, knotty, tangled, tortuous | examples=the Byzantine tax structure; Byzantine methods for holding on to his chairmanship
5. sense_key=involved%5:00:00:enclosed:00 | definition=enveloped | examples=a castle involved in mist; the difficulties in which the question is involved

Analysis:
The context refers to "the work involved" in a practice session of bell ringing. The work described is complex, involving memorizing patterns, executing thousands of changes, and requiring specific physical setup (ringers in a circle, pulling ropes).

Let's evaluate the senses:

1. **connected by participation or association or use**: This suggests the work is related to or requires participation. While true, it's a very general sense.
2. **entangled or hindered**: This suggests difficulty or being stuck. While the work might be difficult, "involved" here seems to describe the nature of the work itself, not necessarily that it is hindering or mired.
3. **emotionally involved**: This is clearly incorrect. Work is not typically "emotionally involved" in this sense.
4. **highly complex or intricate and occasionally devious**: This fits well. The description of the bell ringing practice (memorizing patterns, 5,000 changes, specific rules) strongly suggests a highly intricate and complex task. "The work involved" means the complicated nature of the task.
5. **enveloped**: This is incorrect.

Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 4:
Sense 1 (connected by participation/association): "The work associated with the practice." (Too weak)
Sense 4 (highly complex/intricate): "The intricate nature of the work." (Strong fit, given the description of the activity).

The context implies that the work is not simple; it is a detailed, structured, and difficult process. Therefore, the sense meaning "complex or intricate" is the best fit.

The best sense is 4.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: ringer
Target surface form: ringers
Context:
Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved <t>ringers</t> stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ringer%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation) | synonyms=toller, bell ringer
2. sense_key=ringer%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who is almost identical to another | synonyms=dead ringer, clone
3. sense_key=ringer%1:18:00:: | definition=a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses
4. sense_key=ringer%1:04:00:: | definition=(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: `ringer`
    *   Target surface form: `ringers`
    *   Context snippet: "Ten shirt-sleeved <t>ringers</t> stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber."
    *   Surrounding text mentions: "bells sound," "steady rhythm of the striking," "methods," "peal," "St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London."

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   Sense 1: `a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation)` | Synonyms: `toller, bell ringer`.
    *   Sense 2: `a person who is almost identical to another` | Synonyms: `dead ringer, clone`.
    *   Sense 3: `a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses`.
    *   Sense 4: `(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg`.

3.  **Match context to senses:**
    *   The context explicitly discusses "bells," "ringing chamber," "peal," and people "pulling a rope" in a specific setup related to church practice.
    *   Sense 1 (person who rings church bells) perfectly matches the description and the surrounding terminology (bells, ringing chamber, peal).
    *   Sense 2 (lookalike) is irrelevant.
    *   Sense 3 (cheater/contestant) is irrelevant.
    *   Sense 4 (horseshoe throw) is irrelevant.

4.  **Select the best sense:** Sense 1 is the definitive match.

5.  **Format the output:** The instruction requires returning only a JSON object with the sense index. (Sense 1 corresponds to index 1).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: stand
Target surface form: stand
Context:
Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers <t>stand</t> in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=stand%2:35:00:: | definition=be standing; be upright | synonyms=stand up | examples=We had to stand for the entire performance!
2. sense_key=stand%2:42:04:: | definition=be in some specified state or condition | examples=I stand corrected
3. sense_key=stand%2:42:03:: | definition=occupy a place or location, also metaphorically | examples=We stand on common ground
4. sense_key=stand%2:42:00:: | definition=hold one's ground; maintain a position; be steadfast or upright | synonyms=remain firm | examples=I am standing my ground and won't give in!
5. sense_key=stand%2:31:00:: | definition=put up with something or somebody unpleasant | synonyms=digest, endure, stick out, stomach, bear, tolerate | examples=I cannot bear his constant criticism; The new secretary had to endure a lot of unprofessional remarks
6. sense_key=stand%2:31:01:: | definition=have or maintain a position or stand on an issue | examples=Where do you stand on the War?
7. sense_key=stand%2:42:06:: | definition=remain inactive or immobile | examples=standing water
8. sense_key=stand%2:42:02:: | definition=be in effect; be or remain in force | examples=The law stands!
9. sense_key=stand%2:42:01:: | definition=be tall; have a height of; copula | examples=She stands 6 feet tall
10. sense_key=stand%2:35:01:: | definition=put into an upright position | synonyms=stand up, place upright | examples=Can you stand the bookshelf up?
11. sense_key=stand%2:33:00:: | definition=withstand the force of something | synonyms=resist, fend | examples=The trees resisted her; stand the test of time
12. sense_key=stand%2:35:10:: | definition=be available for stud services | examples=male domestic animals such as stallions serve selected females

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "stand" in the given context.

Context: "Ten shirt-sleeved ringers <t>stand</t> in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber."

Target word: stand

Analysis of the context:
The sentence describes ten people (ringers) positioned in a circle. The phrase "one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance" specifies their physical posture and arrangement. The verb "stand" here describes their physical state of being upright and positioned in a specific formation.

Analysis of candidate senses:
1. sense_key=stand%2:35:00:: | definition=be standing; be upright | synonyms=stand up | Examples: We had to stand for the entire performance! (Matches the physical state of being upright/positioned.)
2. sense_key=stand%2:42:04:: | definition=be in some specified state or condition | Examples: I stand corrected (Too abstract/idiomatic.)
3. sense_key=stand%2:42:03:: | definition=occupy a place or location, also metaphorically | Examples: We stand on common ground (More about location/positioning, but often metaphorical. The context is literal positioning.)
4. sense_key=stand%2:42:00:: | definition=hold one's ground; maintain a position; be steadfast or upright | Examples: I am standing my ground and won't give in! (Idiomatic/metaphorical, not physical posture.)
5. sense_key=stand%2:31:00:: | definition=put up with something or somebody unpleasant | Examples: I cannot bear his constant criticism; The new secretary had to endure a lot of unprofessional remarks (Wrong meaning.)
6. sense_key=stand%2:31:01:: | definition=have or maintain a position or stand on an issue | Examples: Where do you stand on the War? (Idiomatic/opinion, wrong meaning.)
7. sense_key=stand%2:42:06:: | definition=remain inactive or immobile | Examples: standing water (Possible, but doesn't capture the active posture described.)
8. sense_key=stand%2:42:02:: | definition=be in effect; be or remain in force | Examples: The law stands! (Wrong meaning.)
9. sense_key=stand%2:42:01:: | definition=be tall; have a height of; copula | Examples: She stands 6 feet tall (Relates to height, but the context is about formation/posture.)
10. sense_key=stand%2:35:01:: | definition=put into an upright position | Examples: Can you stand the bookshelf up? (Causative/transitive, the context uses 'stand' intransitively.)
11. sense_key=stand%2:33:00:: | definition=withstand the force of something | Examples: The trees resisted her; stand the test of time (Wrong meaning.)
12. sense_key=stand%2:35:10:: | definition=be available for stud services | Examples: male domestic animals such as stallions serve selected females (Wrong meaning.)

Comparing the best candidates:
Sense 1 (be standing; be upright): This perfectly describes the physical state of the ringers. They are upright and positioned.
Sense 3 (occupy a place or location): This is also relevant, as they occupy a place (in a circle), but Sense 1 is more precise regarding the *physical posture* ("one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance").

Sense 1 is the most direct and accurate description of the action/state of the subjects in the context.

Final choice: sense_key=stand%2:35:00.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: circle
Target surface form: circle
Context:
Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a <t>circle</t>, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=circle%1:25:00:: | definition=ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point | examples=he calculated the circumference of the circle
2. sense_key=circle%1:14:00:: | definition=an unofficial association of people or groups | synonyms=set, band, lot | examples=the smart set goes there; they were an angry lot
3. sense_key=circle%1:25:01:: | definition=something approximating the shape of a circle | examples=the chairs were arranged in a circle
4. sense_key=circle%1:04:00:: | definition=movement once around a course | synonyms=lap, circuit | examples=he drove an extra lap just for insurance
5. sense_key=circle%1:06:01:: | definition=a road junction at which traffic streams circularly around a central island | synonyms=traffic circle, rotary, roundabout | examples=the accident blocked all traffic at the rotary
6. sense_key=circle%1:06:03:: | definition=street names for flunitrazepan | synonyms=R-2, Mexican valium, rophy, rope, roofy, roach
7. sense_key=circle%1:06:02:: | definition=a curved section or tier of seats in a hall or theater or opera house; usually the first tier above the orchestra | synonyms=dress circle | examples=they had excellent seats in the dress circle
8. sense_key=circle%1:06:00:: | definition=any circular or rotating mechanism | synonyms=round | examples=the machine punched out metal circles

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "circle" in the provided context.

Context: "Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a <t>circle</t>, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber."

Target word: circle

Analysis of the context:
The word "circle" describes how ten ringers are standing. They are arranged "one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance." This suggests a formation or arrangement of people.

Analysis of candidate senses:
1. `circle%1:25:00`: Geometric shape (ellipse/plane curve). (Unlikely, as it describes people' arrangement, not a geometric object.)
2. `circle%1:14:00`: An unofficial association of people or groups. (Possible, but the context describes a physical arrangement, not a social group.)
3. `circle%1:25:01`: Something approximating the shape of a circle. (This fits the idea of people being arranged in a circular formation.)
4. `circle%1:04:00`: Movement once around a course. (Refers to action/motion, not static arrangement.)
5. `circle%1:06:01`: Road junction/roundabout. (Irrelevant.)
6. `circle%1:06:03`: Street names for flunitrazepan. (Irrelevant.)
7. `circle%1:06:02`: Tier of seats in a hall. (Irrelevant.)
8. `circle%1:06:00`: Circular or rotating mechanism. (Irrelevant.)

Comparing the best candidates (3 and 2):
Sense 2 is about an "unofficial association of people or groups." While the ringers are people, the context emphasizes their *physical arrangement* ("stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other").
Sense 3 is "something approximating the shape of a circle," and its example is "the chairs were arranged in a circle." This perfectly matches the physical arrangement described in the text.

Conclusion: Sense 3 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: foot
Target surface form: foot
Context:
Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one <t>foot</t> ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=foot%1:08:01:: | definition=the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint | synonyms=human foot, pes | examples=his bare feet projected from his trousers; armored from head to foot
2. sense_key=foot%1:23:00:: | definition=a linear unit of length equal to 12 inches or a third of a yard | synonyms=ft | examples=he is six feet tall
3. sense_key=foot%1:15:00:: | definition=the lower part of anything | examples=curled up on the foot of the bed; the foot of the page
4. sense_key=foot%1:05:01:: | definition=the pedal extremity of vertebrates other than human beings | synonyms=animal foot
5. sense_key=foot%1:06:00:: | definition=lowest support of a structure | synonyms=foundation, base, fundament, groundwork, substructure, understructure | examples=it was built on a base of solid rock; he stood at the foot of the tower
6. sense_key=foot%1:05:00:: | definition=any of various organs of locomotion or attachment in invertebrates | synonyms=invertebrate foot
7. sense_key=foot%1:04:00:: | definition=travel by walking | examples=he followed on foot; the swiftest of foot
8. sense_key=foot%1:18:00:: | definition=a member of a surveillance team who works on foot or rides as a passenger
9. sense_key=foot%1:14:00:: | definition=an army unit consisting of soldiers who fight on foot | synonyms=infantry | examples=there came ten thousand horsemen and as many fully-armed foot
10. sense_key=foot%1:10:00:: | definition=(prosody) a group of 2 or 3 syllables forming the basic unit of poetic rhythm | synonyms=metrical foot, metrical unit
11. sense_key=foot%1:06:01:: | definition=a support resembling a pedal extremity | examples=one foot of the chair was on the carpet

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is: "Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one <t>foot</t> ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope..."
2.  **Analyze the target word:** "foot".
3.  **Determine the meaning in context:** The word "foot" is used here to describe the spatial distance or spacing between the ringers. "One foot ahead of the other" means a distance of one foot (12 inches).
4.  **Examine the candidate senses:**
    *   1. Human body part (leg/ankle). (Incorrect)
    *   2. A linear unit of length equal to 12 inches or a third of a yard. (Matches the meaning of spatial distance/measurement).
    *   3. Lower part of anything (e.g., foot of the bed). (Incorrect)
    *   4. Animal extremity. (Incorrect)
    *   5. Lowest support of a structure. (Incorrect)
    *   6. Invertebrate locomotion organ. (Incorrect)
    *   7. Travel by walking. (Incorrect)
    *   8. Surveillance team member. (Incorrect)
    *   9. Army unit (infantry). (Incorrect)
    *   10. Poetic rhythm unit. (Incorrect)
    *   11. Support resembling a pedal extremity. (Incorrect)
5.  **Select the best sense:** Sense 2, which defines "foot" as a unit of length (12 inches), is the correct fit for describing the spacing between the ringers.
6.  **Format the output:** Create the required JSON object.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: ahead
Target surface form: ahead
Context:
Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot <t>ahead</t> of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ahead%4:02:00:: | definition=at or in the front | synonyms=in front, before | examples=I see the lights of a town ahead; the road ahead is foggy
2. sense_key=ahead%4:02:06:: | definition=toward the future; forward in time | synonyms=forward | examples=I like to look ahead in imagination to what the future may bring; I look forward to seeing you
3. sense_key=ahead%4:02:02:: | definition=in a forward direction | synonyms=onward, onwards, forward, forwards, forrader | examples=go ahead; the train moved ahead slowly
4. sense_key=ahead%4:02:01:: | definition=ahead of time; in anticipation | synonyms=in advance, beforehand | examples=when you pay ahead (or in advance) you receive a discount; We like to plan ahead
5. sense_key=ahead%4:02:05:: | definition=to a more advanced or advantageous position | examples=a young man sure to get ahead; pushing talented students ahead
6. sense_key=ahead%4:02:04:: | definition=to a different or a more advanced time (meaning advanced either toward the present or toward the future) | examples=moved the appointment ahead from Tuesday to Monday; pushed the deadline ahead from Tuesday to Wednesday
7. sense_key=ahead%4:02:03:: | definition=leading or ahead in a competition | synonyms=out front, in the lead | examples=the horse was three lengths ahead going into the home stretch; ahead by two pawns

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "ahead" based on the provided context and candidate senses.

Context: "Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot <t>ahead</t> of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber."

Target word: ahead

Analysis of the context:
The sentence describes the physical positioning of the ringers. They are standing in a circle, and the phrase "one foot ahead of the other" describes their spatial arrangement relative to each other.

Analysis of candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ahead%4:02:00:: | definition=at or in the front | synonyms=in front, before | examples=I see the lights of a town ahead; the road ahead is foggy (Spatial/Directional)
2. sense_key=ahead%4:02:06:: | definition=toward the future; forward in time | synonyms=forward | examples=I like to look ahead in imagination to what the future may bring; I look forward to seeing you (Temporal)
3. sense_key=ahead%4:02:02:: | definition=in a forward direction | synonyms=onward, onwards, forward, forwards, forrader | examples=go ahead; the train moved ahead slowly (Directional/Movement)
4. sense_key=ahead%4:02:01:: | definition=ahead of time; in anticipation | synonyms=in advance, beforehand | examples=when you pay ahead (or in advance) you receive a discount; We like to plan ahead (Temporal/Preemptive)
5. sense_key=ahead%4:02:05:: | definition=to a more advanced or advantageous position | examples=a young man sure to get ahead; pushing talented students ahead (Advantage/Progress)
6. sense_key=ahead%4:02:04:: | definition=to a different or a more advanced time (meaning advanced either toward the present or toward the future) | examples=moved the appointment ahead from Tuesday to Monday; pushed the deadline ahead from Tuesday to Wednesday (Temporal/Scheduling)
7. sense_key=ahead%4:02:03:: | definition=leading or ahead in a competition | synonyms=out front, in the lead | examples=the horse was three lengths ahead going into the home stretch; ahead by two pawns (Competition/Ranking)

Matching the context ("one foot ahead of the other") to the senses:
The context clearly refers to physical spatial arrangement (one person is positioned in front of the next person).

Sense 1: "at or in the front" (Spatial). This fits perfectly. "One foot ahead of the other" means one is positioned in the front relative to the other.
Sense 3: "in a forward direction" (Directional). This also fits, as it describes a forward spatial relationship.

Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 3:
Sense 1: "at or in the front" (Synonyms: in front, before). This captures the static positional relationship described ("one foot ahead of the other").
Sense 3: "in a forward direction" (Synonyms: onward, forwards). This often implies movement or trajectory ("the train moved ahead slowly").

Since the context describes a fixed stance ("stand in a circle... one foot ahead of the other"), Sense 1, which emphasizes the static position ("at or in the front"), is the most precise fit for the spatial relationship described.

Let's re-examine the provided options and their definitions/synonyms.
Sense 1: definition=at or in the front | synonyms=in front, before. (Best fit for static spatial positioning).
Sense 3: definition=in a forward direction | synonyms=onward, onwards, forward, forwards, forrader. (Best fit for movement/trajectory).

The phrase "one foot ahead of the other" is a description of relative position, which aligns strongly with "at or in the front" (Sense 1).

Therefore, Sense 1 is the best choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: stance
Target surface form: stance
Context:
Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's <t>stance</t>, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=stance%1:07:00:: | definition=standing posture
2. sense_key=stance%1:09:00:: | definition=a rationalized mental attitude | synonyms=position, posture

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the word "stance" in the given context.

Context: "Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's <t>stance</t>, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber."

Target word: stance

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=stance%1:07:00:: | definition=standing posture
2. sense_key=stance%1:09:00:: | definition=a rationalized mental attitude | synonyms=position, posture

Analysis:
The context describes ringers standing in a specific physical arrangement: "one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance."
The phrase "prize-fighter's stance" refers to the physical position or posture adopted by a boxer.

Comparing with candidates:
1. sense_key=stance%1:07:00:: | definition=standing posture. This perfectly matches the physical description of how the ringers are standing.
2. sense_key=stance%1:09:00:: | definition=a rationalized mental attitude. This refers to an opinion or attitude (e.g., "taking a strong stance on climate change") and is clearly not the meaning here.

Conclusion: Sense 1 is the correct choice.

The required output format is a JSON object with the sense index. Since the candidates are numbered 1 and 2, I must choose the index corresponding to Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: pull
Target surface form: pulling
Context:
Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each <t>pulling</t> a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=pull%2:35:00:: | definition=cause to move by pulling | synonyms=draw, force | examples=draw a wagon; pull a sled
2. sense_key=pull%2:35:02:: | definition=direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes | synonyms=attract, pull in, draw, draw in | examples=Her good looks attract the stares of many men; The ad pulled in many potential customers
3. sense_key=pull%2:38:01:: | definition=move into a certain direction | examples=the car pulls to the right
4. sense_key=pull%2:35:04:: | definition=apply force so as to cause motion towards the source of the motion | examples=Pull the rope; Pull the handle towards you
5. sense_key=pull%2:41:00:: | definition=perform an act, usually with a negative connotation | synonyms=perpetrate, commit | examples=perpetrate a crime; pull a bank robbery
6. sense_key=pull%2:38:03:: | definition=bring, take, or pull out of a container or from under a cover | synonyms=draw, pull out, get out, take out | examples=draw a weapon; pull out a gun
7. sense_key=pull%2:38:00:: | definition=steer into a certain direction | examples=pull one's horse to a stand; Pull the car over
8. sense_key=pull%2:29:00:: | definition=strain abnormally | synonyms=overstretch | examples=I pulled a muscle in my leg when I jumped up; The athlete pulled a tendon in the competition
9. sense_key=pull%2:38:13:: | definition=cause to move in a certain direction by exerting a force upon, either physically or in an abstract sense | synonyms=draw | examples=A declining dollar pulled down the export figures for the last quarter
10. sense_key=pull%2:38:02:: | definition=operate when rowing a boat | examples=pull the oars
11. sense_key=pull%2:38:04:: | definition=rein in to keep from winning a race | examples=pull a horse
12. sense_key=pull%2:35:01:: | definition=tear or be torn violently | synonyms=rend, rip, rive | examples=The curtain ripped from top to bottom; pull the cooked chicken into strips
13. sense_key=pull%2:35:03:: | definition=hit in the direction that the player is facing when carrying through the swing | examples=pull the ball
14. sense_key=pull%2:35:05:: | definition=strip of feathers | synonyms=pluck, tear, deplume, deplumate, displume | examples=pull a chicken; pluck the capon
15. sense_key=pull%2:35:10:: | definition=remove, usually with some force or effort; also used in an abstract sense | synonyms=extract, pull out, pull up, take out, draw out | examples=pull weeds; extract a bad tooth
16. sense_key=pull%2:33:13:: | definition=take sides with; align oneself with; show strong sympathy for | synonyms=root for | examples=We all rooted for the home team; I'm pulling for the underdog
17. sense_key=pull%2:30:11:: | definition=take away | examples=pull the old soup cans from the supermarket shelf

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is: "Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber."
2.  **Identify the target word and its form:** Target lemma is 'pull', surface form is 'pulling'.
3.  **Analyze the action:** The ringers are 'pulling a rope'. This is a physical action involving applying force to a rope.
4.  **Examine the candidate senses for relevance:**

    *   1. cause to move by pulling (synonyms: draw, force; examples: draw a wagon; pull a sled). *Highly relevant. Pulling a rope causes movement.*
    *   2. direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes (synonyms: attract). *Irrelevant (psychological/attraction).*
    *   3. move into a certain direction. *Too general, but related to movement.*
    *   4. apply force so as to cause motion towards the source of the motion (examples: Pull the rope; Pull the handle towards you). *Extremely relevant. This perfectly describes pulling a rope.*
    *   5. perform an act, usually with a negative connotation. *Irrelevant (crime).*
    *   6. bring, take, or pull out of a container or from under a cover (synonyms: draw, pull out). *Possible, but less precise than applying force to move the rope.*
    *   7. steer into a certain direction. *Irrelevant (steering).*
    *   8. strain abnormally. *Irrelevant (injury).*
    *   9. cause to move in a certain direction by exerting a force upon, either physically or in an abstract sense (synonyms: draw). *Relevant, but Sense 4 is more specific to the physical action of pulling a rope.*
    *   10. operate when rowing a boat. *Irrelevant (oars).*
    *   11. rein in to keep from winning a race. *Irrelevant (horses).*
    *   12. tear or be torn violently. *Irrelevant (ripping).*
    *   13. hit in the direction that the player is facing when carrying through the swing. *Irrelevant (sports/hitting).*
    *   14. strip of feathers. *Irrelevant (birds).*
    *   15. remove, usually with some force or effort; also used in an abstract sense (synonyms: extract, pull out). *Possible, but Sense 4 focuses specifically on the mechanism of applying force to cause motion, which is what happens with a rope.*
    *   16. take sides with. *Irrelevant (support).*
    *   17. take away. *Irrelevant (removing items).*

5.  **Compare the best candidates (1, 4, 9, 15):**
    *   Sense 1: cause to move by pulling. (Good general definition).
    *   Sense 4: apply force so as to cause motion towards the source of the motion (examples: Pull the rope; Pull the handle towards you). (Excellent fit. The example "Pull the rope" is identical to the action described).
    *   Sense 9: cause to move in a certain direction by exerting a force upon... (Good, but Sense 4 is more focused on the *action* of pulling the object itself).
    *   Sense 15: remove, usually with some force or effort. (Focuses on removal/extraction, not necessarily the continuous action of pulling a rope to make it move).

6.  **Select the single best sense:** Sense 4 is the most precise match, as it specifically defines the action of applying force to cause motion, and its example ("Pull the rope") directly mirrors the context.

7.  **Format the output:** Generate the JSON object using the index of Sense 4.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rope
Target surface form: rope
Context:
Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a <t>rope</t> that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rope%1:06:00:: | definition=a strong line
2. sense_key=rope%1:06:01:: | definition=street names for flunitrazepan | synonyms=R-2, Mexican valium, rophy, roofy, roach, forget me drug

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "rope" in the provided context.

Context: "Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a <t>rope</t> that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling."

Candidate Senses:
1. sense_key=rope%1:06:00:: | definition=a strong line
2. sense_key=rope%1:06:01:: | definition=street names for flunitrazepan | synonyms=R-2, Mexican valium, rophy, roofy, roach, forget me drug

Analysis:
The context describes bell ringers pulling a "rope" that goes through a hole in the ceiling. This rope is involved in the mechanism of the bell ringing.
Sense 1: "a strong line". This fits the physical description of a rope used in a mechanical system.
Sense 2: "street names for flunitrazepan" (a drug). This is clearly irrelevant to the context of bell ringing.

Conclusion: Sense 1 is the correct sense.

The required output format is a JSON object with the sense index.
Sense 1 corresponds to index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: small
Target surface form: small
Context:
Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a <t>small</t> hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=small%3:00:00:: | definition=limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent | synonyms=little | examples=a little dining room; a little house
2. sense_key=small%5:00:00:limited:00 | definition=limited in size or scope | synonyms=minor, modest, small-scale, pocket-size, pocket-sized | examples=a small business; a newspaper with a modest circulation
3. sense_key=small%5:00:00:young:00 | definition=(of children and animals) young, immature | synonyms=little | examples=what a big little boy you are; small children
4. sense_key=small%5:00:00:little:03 | definition=slight or limited; especially in degree or intensity or scope | examples=a series of death struggles with small time in between
5. sense_key=small%5:00:00:inferior:01 | definition=low or inferior in station or quality | synonyms=humble, low, lowly, modest | examples=a humble cottage; a lowly parish priest
6. sense_key=small%5:00:00:lowercase:00 | definition=lowercase | synonyms=little, minuscule | examples=little a; small a
7. sense_key=small%5:00:00:soft:04 | definition=(of a voice) faint | synonyms=little | examples=a little voice; a still small voice
8. sense_key=small%5:00:00:fine:00 | definition=have fine or very small constituent particles | examples=a small misty rain
9. sense_key=small%5:00:00:moderate:00 | definition=not large but sufficient in size or amount | synonyms=modest | examples=a modest salary; modest inflation
10. sense_key=small%5:00:00:decreased:00 | definition=made to seem smaller or less (especially in worth) | synonyms=belittled, diminished | examples=her comments made me feel small

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is: "Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a <t>small</t> hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber."
2.  **Determine the meaning of 'small' in context:** 'Small' describes a 'hole'. A hole is a physical aperture. In this context, 'small' refers to the physical dimensions of the hole—its size, magnitude, or extent.
3.  **Examine the candidate senses:**
    *   1. limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent (General size/quantity).
    *   2. limited in size or scope (Physical size/scale).
    *   3. (of children and animals) young, immature (Age).
    *   4. slight or limited; especially in degree or intensity or scope (Degree/intensity).
    *   5. low or inferior in station or quality (Quality/status).
    *   6. lowercase (Typographical).
    *   7. (of a voice) faint (Sound/volume).
    *   8. have fine or very small constituent particles (Texture/composition).
    *   9. not large but sufficient in size or amount (Adequate size).
    *   10. made to seem smaller or less (Perception/diminishment).
4.  **Match the context to the senses:** The hole is a physical object, and 'small' refers to its physical size.
    *   Sense 1 (limited in magnitude/extent) is a strong general fit.
    *   Sense 2 (limited in size or scope) is also a strong fit, specifically focusing on physical size.
    *   Sense 3 (young) is irrelevant.
    *   Sense 4 (slight/limited in degree) is less appropriate for a physical dimension like a hole.
    *   Sense 5 (inferior) is irrelevant.
    *   Sense 6 (lowercase) is irrelevant.
    *   Sense 7 (faint) is irrelevant.
    *   Sense 8 (fine particles) is irrelevant.
    *   Sense 9 (not large but sufficient) implies adequacy, which might be too specific, but relates to size.
    *   Sense 10 (diminished) is irrelevant.
5.  **Refine the choice between Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   Sense 1: limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent.
    *   Sense 2: limited in size or scope.
    Since the context is a physical hole, 'size' (Sense 2) is the most precise descriptor. While Sense 1 includes 'magnitude or extent', Sense 2 focuses specifically on the physical dimension relevant to a hole.

6.  **Final Selection:** Sense 2 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: hole
Target surface form: hole
Context:
Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small <t>hole</t> in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=hole%1:17:01:: | definition=an opening into or through something
2. sense_key=hole%1:06:00:: | definition=an opening deliberately made in or through something
3. sense_key=hole%1:06:01:: | definition=one playing period (from tee to green) on a golf course | synonyms=golf hole | examples=he played 18 holes
4. sense_key=hole%1:25:00:: | definition=an unoccupied space
5. sense_key=hole%1:17:02:: | definition=a depression hollowed out of solid matter | synonyms=hollow
6. sense_key=hole%1:26:01:: | definition=a fault | examples=he shot holes in my argument
7. sense_key=hole%1:26:00:: | definition=informal terms for a difficult situation | synonyms=fix, jam, mess, muddle, pickle, kettle of fish | examples=he got into a terrible fix; he made a muddle of his marriage
8. sense_key=hole%1:08:00:: | definition=informal terms for the mouth | synonyms=trap, cakehole, maw, yap, gob

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "hole" in the provided context.

Context: "Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small <t>hole</t> in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber."

Target word: hole

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=hole%1:17:01:: | definition=an opening into or through something
2. sense_key=hole%1:06:00:: | definition=an opening deliberately made in or through something
3. sense_key=hole%1:06:01:: | definition=one playing period (from tee to green) on a golf course | synonyms=golf hole | examples=he played 18 holes
4. sense_key=hole%1:25:00:: | definition=an unoccupied space
5. sense_key=hole%1:17:02:: | definition=a depression hollowed out of solid matter | synonyms=hollow
6. sense_key=hole%1:26:01:: | definition=a fault | examples=he shot holes in my argument
7. sense_key=hole%1:26:00:: | definition=informal terms for a difficult situation | synonyms=fix, jam, mess, muddle, pickle, kettle of fish | examples=he got into a terrible fix; he made a muddle of his marriage
8. sense_key=hole%1:08:00:: | definition=informal terms for the mouth | synonyms=trap, cakehole, maw, yap, gob

Analysis of the context:
The word "hole" refers to a feature in the "high ceiling of the ringing chamber." Ropes are pulled, and they "disappear through a small hole." This describes a physical opening or aperture in a structure (the ceiling).

Evaluation of senses:
1. **an opening into or through something:** This perfectly matches the description of a small opening in a ceiling through which a rope passes.
2. **an opening deliberately made in or through something:** While this is often true for the physical hole, sense 1 is a more general and accurate description of the function (allowing passage). Sense 1 is broader and fits the physical description well.
3. **golf course period:** Irrelevant.
4. **an unoccupied space:** Too vague; it's a specific type of opening.
5. **a depression hollowed out of solid matter:** This suggests a natural or excavated depression (like a pit), not necessarily a manufactured passage for a rope.
6. **a fault:** Irrelevant (metaphorical).
7. **difficult situation:** Irrelevant (idiomatic).
8. **informal terms for the mouth:** Irrelevant (idiomatic).

Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 2:
Sense 1: "an opening into or through something."
Sense 2: "an opening deliberately made in or through something."

Since the hole is designed to allow the ropes to pass through the ceiling, both senses apply. However, Sense 1 is the most fundamental definition of an aperture allowing passage, which is what the context describes. Sense 2 emphasizes the *intent* of the creation, while Sense 1 emphasizes the *function* (allowing passage). In this physical context, Sense 1 is the most direct and encompassing description.

I will choose Sense 1.