[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: republican
Target surface form: Republican
Context:
An examination of changes in personal staffing decisions in the Senate between 1986 and 1987 -LRB- when control of that body changed party hands -RRB-, moreover, reveals that the personal staffing differences noted in the table can not be attributed to the disproportionate control Democrats exercise, due to their majority - party status, over other resources such as committee staff. An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the <t>Republican</t> gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=republican%3:01:01:: | definition=relating to or belonging to the Republican Party | examples=a Republican senator; Republican party politics
2. sense_key=republican%5:00:00:democratic:00 | definition=having the supreme power lying in the body of citizens entitled to vote for officers and representatives responsible to them or characteristic of such government; - United States Constitution; ; - Philip Marsh; -Nathaniel Hawthorne | examples=the United States shall guarantee to every state in this union a republican form of government; a very republican notion

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `republican`
    *   Target surface form: `Republican`
    *   Context: The text discusses political staffing in the Senate, Democrats, GOP candidates, Republican presidential and senatorial candidates, and "the <t>Republican</t> gubernatorial candidate".
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `republican%3:01:01::`: relating to or belonging to the Republican Party (e.g., a Republican senator).
        2.  `republican%5:00:00:democratic:00`: having the supreme power lying in the body of citizens (republican form of government).

    *   The context mentions "Democrats", "GOP candidates", "Republican presidential and senatorial candidates", and "Republican gubernatorial candidate".
    *   The text is clearly discussing the US political party system (Republicans vs. Democrats).
    *   The specific instance `<t>Republican</t>` refers to the "Republican gubernatorial candidate".

    *   Sense 1 refers to the Republican Party (the political party).
    *   Sense 2 refers to the general concept of a republic (government by citizens).

    *   The context is about the Republican Party, not the general form of government.

    *   Sense 1 is the correct match.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: candidate
Target surface form: candidate
Context:
An examination of changes in personal staffing decisions in the Senate between 1986 and 1987 -LRB- when control of that body changed party hands -RRB-, moreover, reveals that the personal staffing differences noted in the table can not be attributed to the disproportionate control Democrats exercise, due to their majority - party status, over other resources such as committee staff. An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial <t>candidate</t> and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=candidate%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) | synonyms=prospect
2. sense_key=candidate%1:18:01:: | definition=a politician who is running for public office | synonyms=campaigner, nominee

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `candidate`
    *   Target surface form: `candidate`
    *   Context: "...the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial <t>candidate</t> and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `candidate%1:18:00`: someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.)
        2.  `candidate%1:18:01`: a politician who is running for public office

    *   The context discusses "Republican gubernatorial candidate".
    *   "Gubernatorial" refers to the office of governor.
    *   The text is discussing elections, voting, and political parties (Republican, Democratic).
    *   The "candidate" is someone running for the office of governor.

    *   Sense 1 is a general definition: "someone who is considered for something".
    *   Sense 2 is a specific definition: "a politician who is running for public office".
    *   Since a gubernatorial candidate is specifically a politician running for public office, Sense 2 is the more precise and accurate fit.

    *   Sense 1: General (prospect).
    *   Sense 2: Specific to politics (campaigner, nominee).
    *   The context is explicitly about political elections.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: republican
Target surface form: Republican
Context:
An examination of changes in personal staffing decisions in the Senate between 1986 and 1987 -LRB- when control of that body changed party hands -RRB-, moreover, reveals that the personal staffing differences noted in the table can not be attributed to the disproportionate control Democrats exercise, due to their majority - party status, over other resources such as committee staff. An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the <t>Republican</t> share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=republican%5:00:00:democratic:00 | definition=having the supreme power lying in the body of citizens entitled to vote for officers and representatives responsible to them or characteristic of such government; - United States Constitution; ; - Philip Marsh; -Nathaniel Hawthorne | examples=the United States shall guarantee to every state in this union a republican form of government; a very republican notion
2. sense_key=republican%3:01:01:: | definition=relating to or belonging to the Republican Party | examples=a Republican senator; Republican party politics

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `republican`
    *   Target surface form: `Republican`
    *   Context: The text discusses political staffing in the Senate, voting patterns for "Republican presidential and senatorial candidates," "GOP candidates," "Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines," and specifically the phrase "the <t>Republican</t> share of the lower state house."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `republican%5:00:00:democratic:00`: Relating to a republican form of government (power lying with citizens).
        2.  `republican%3:01:01::`: Relating to or belonging to the Republican Party (specifically the US political party).

    *   The text mentions "Democrats," "GOP candidates," "Republican presidential and senatorial candidates," and "Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines."
    *   The target word "Republican" in "the <t>Republican</t> share of the lower state house" clearly refers to the political party (the Republican Party), not the general concept of a republican form of government.

    *   Sense 1 is about the general political philosophy/system of republicanism.
    *   Sense 2 is about the specific Republican Party.

    *   The context is explicitly about party politics (Democrats vs. Republicans/GOP).
    *   Therefore, Sense 2 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: share
Target surface form: share
Context:
An examination of changes in personal staffing decisions in the Senate between 1986 and 1987 -LRB- when control of that body changed party hands -RRB-, moreover, reveals that the personal staffing differences noted in the table can not be attributed to the disproportionate control Democrats exercise, due to their majority - party status, over other resources such as committee staff. An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican <t>share</t> of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=share%1:21:01:: | definition=any of the equal portions into which the capital stock of a corporation is divided and ownership of which is evidenced by a stock certificate | examples=he bought 100 shares of IBM at the market price
2. sense_key=share%1:04:00:: | definition=the allotment of some amount by dividing something | synonyms=parcel, portion | examples=death gets more than its share of attention from theologians
3. sense_key=share%1:04:01:: | definition=the part played by a person in bringing about a result | synonyms=contribution, part | examples=I am proud of my contribution in advancing the project; they all did their share of the work
4. sense_key=share%1:06:00:: | definition=a sharp steel wedge that cuts loose the top layer of soil | synonyms=plowshare, ploughshare
5. sense_key=share%1:21:00:: | definition=assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=portion, part, percentage | examples=he wanted his share in cash

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `share`
    *   Target surface form: `share`
    *   Context: "...the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican <t>share</t> of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `share%1:21:01::`: Stock certificate/capital stock.
        2.  `share%1:04:00::`: Allotment of some amount by dividing something (portion).
        3.  `share%1:04:01::`: Part played by a person in bringing about a result (contribution).
        4.  `share%1:06:00::`: Plowshare (steel wedge).
        5.  `share%1:21:00::`: Assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group (portion, part, percentage).

    *   The sentence discusses voting patterns: "the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican <t>share</t> of the lower state house..."
    *   "Republican share of the lower state house" refers to the percentage or proportion of seats/votes the Republican party holds or received in the lower state house.

    *   Sense 1 (Stock): Incorrect. Not about corporate stocks.
    *   Sense 2 (Allotment/Portion): "the allotment of some amount by dividing something". This is close, but often refers to a specific piece given.
    *   Sense 3 (Contribution): "the part played by a person in bringing about a result". Incorrect.
    *   Sense 4 (Plowshare): Incorrect.
    *   Sense 5 (Assets/Percentage): "assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=portion, part, percentage".

    *   Sense 2: "the allotment of some amount by dividing something" (e.g., "death gets more than its share of attention").
    *   Sense 5: "assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=portion, part, percentage".

    In the context of "Republican share of the lower state house", it means the percentage of seats or votes. Sense 5 explicitly lists "percentage" as a synonym and refers to things "belonging to or due to... a group". The Republican party is the group.

    Wait, let's look at Sense 2 again: "the allotment of some amount by dividing something".
    Let's look at Sense 5 again: "assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group".

    Is a "share of the house" an "asset"? In a political sense, yes, the seats they hold are their assets/portion.
    Is it an "allotment"? Not really.

    Let's re-evaluate Sense 5: "portion, part, percentage". This fits "Republican share" (percentage of seats) perfectly.

    *   Sense 1: Stock (No)
    *   Sense 2: Allotment (No)
    *   Sense 3: Contribution (No)
    *   Sense 4: Plowshare (No)
    *   Sense 5: Portion/Part/Percentage (Yes)

    The phrase "Republican share of the lower state house" refers to the proportion or percentage of the house held by Republicans. Sense 5's synonyms "portion, part, percentage" align best.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: house
Target surface form: house
Context:
An examination of changes in personal staffing decisions in the Senate between 1986 and 1987 -LRB- when control of that body changed party hands -RRB-, moreover, reveals that the personal staffing differences noted in the table can not be attributed to the disproportionate control Democrats exercise, due to their majority - party status, over other resources such as committee staff. An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state <t>house</t> is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=house%1:06:02:: | definition=a building where theatrical performances or motion-picture shows can be presented | synonyms=theater, theatre | examples=the house was full
2. sense_key=house%1:14:03:: | definition=the audience gathered together in a theatre or cinema | examples=the house applauded; he counted the house
3. sense_key=house%1:06:01:: | definition=a building in which something is sheltered or located | examples=they had a large carriage house
4. sense_key=house%1:14:02:: | definition=an official assembly having legislative powers | examples=a bicameral legislature has two houses
5. sense_key=house%1:14:05:: | definition=a social unit living together | synonyms=family, household, home, menage | examples=he moved his family to Virginia; It was a good Christian household
6. sense_key=house%1:14:00:: | definition=aristocratic family line | examples=the House of York
7. sense_key=house%1:04:00:: | definition=play in which children take the roles of father or mother or children and pretend to interact like adults | examples=the children were playing house
8. sense_key=house%1:14:01:: | definition=the members of a business organization that owns or operates one or more establishments | synonyms=firm, business firm | examples=he worked for a brokerage house
9. sense_key=house%1:14:04:: | definition=the members of a religious community living together
10. sense_key=house%1:14:06:: | definition=the management of a gambling house or casino | examples=the house gets a percentage of every bet
11. sense_key=house%1:06:00:: | definition=a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families | examples=he has a house on Cape Cod; she felt she had to get out of the house
12. sense_key=house%1:15:00:: | definition=(astrology) one of 12 equal areas into which the zodiac is divided | synonyms=sign of the zodiac, star sign, sign, mansion, planetary house

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `house`
    *   Target surface form: `house`
    *   Context: "...the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state <t>house</t> is a positive function of the state tax rate."
    *   Key phrases: "lower state house", "Republican share", "gubernatorial candidate", "state government level".

    *   1: Theater/cinema building.
    *   2: Audience in a theater.
    *   3: Building for shelter/location.
    *   4: Official assembly with legislative powers (e.g., bicameral legislature).
    *   5: Social unit/family.
    *   6: Aristocratic family line.
    *   7: Children's game.
    *   8: Business organization/firm.
    *   9: Religious community.
    *   10: Gambling house management.
    *   11: Dwelling/living quarters.
    *   12: Astrology zodiac area.

    *   The context discusses government, elections, gubernatorial candidates, and the "lower state house".
    *   In the US political system, a "lower house" refers to the lower chamber of a bicameral legislature (e.g., the House of Representatives).
    *   Sense 4 ("an official assembly having legislative powers") fits perfectly.

    *   Sense 4: "an official assembly having legislative powers" - Example: "a bicameral legislature has two houses". This matches "lower state house".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: positive
Target surface form: positive
Context:
An examination of changes in personal staffing decisions in the Senate between 1986 and 1987 -LRB- when control of that body changed party hands -RRB-, moreover, reveals that the personal staffing differences noted in the table can not be attributed to the disproportionate control Democrats exercise, due to their majority - party status, over other resources such as committee staff. An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a <t>positive</t> function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=positive%5:00:00:plus:00 | definition=greater than zero | examples=positive numbers
2. sense_key=positive%5:00:00:confident:00 | definition=marked by excessive confidence | synonyms=cocksure, overconfident | examples=an arrogant and cocksure materialist; so overconfident and impudent as to speak to the queen
3. sense_key=positive%3:00:01:: | definition=characterized by or displaying affirmation or acceptance or certainty etc. | examples=a positive attitude; the reviews were all positive
4. sense_key=positive%5:00:00:advantageous:00 | definition=involving advantage or good | synonyms=plus | examples=a plus (or positive) factor
5. sense_key=positive%5:00:00:formal:01 | definition=formally laid down or imposed | synonyms=prescribed | examples=positive laws
6. sense_key=positive%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to positivism | synonyms=positivist, positivistic | examples=positivist thinkers; positivist doctrine
7. sense_key=positive%3:00:04:: | definition=indicating existence or presence of a suspected condition or pathogen | synonyms=confirming | examples=a positive pregnancy test
8. sense_key=positive%5:00:00:undeniable:00 | definition=impossible to deny or disprove | synonyms=incontrovertible, irrefutable | examples=incontrovertible proof of the defendant's innocence; proof positive
9. sense_key=positive%3:00:05:: | definition=reckoned, situated or tending in the direction which naturally or arbitrarily is taken to indicate increase or progress or onward motion | examples=positive increase in graduating students
10. sense_key=positive%5:00:00:charged:00 | definition=having a positive charge | synonyms=electropositive, positively charged | examples=protons are positive
11. sense_key=positive%5:00:00:certain:02 | definition=persuaded of; very sure | synonyms=convinced, confident | examples=were convinced that it would be to their advantage to join; I am positive he is lying

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 9}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 9}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `positive`
    *   Target surface form: `positive`
    *   Context: "...the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a <t>positive</t> function of the state tax rate."
    *   Earlier in the text, a similar phrase is used: "...the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates... turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state..."

    *   The phrase "positive function" in mathematics and statistics refers to a relationship where as one variable increases, the other also increases (or the value of the function is greater than zero).
    *   In this specific context ("a positive function of the state tax rate"), it means that as the state tax rate increases, the difference between the gubernatorial vote and the lower house share also increases.

    *   Sense 1: `greater than zero` (positive numbers)
    *   Sense 2: `marked by excessive confidence` (cocksure)
    *   Sense 3: `characterized by or displaying affirmation or acceptance or certainty etc.` (positive attitude)
    *   Sense 4: `involving advantage or good` (plus factor)
    *   Sense 5: `formally laid down or imposed` (positive laws)
    *   Sense 6: `of or relating to positivism` (positivist thinkers)
    *   Sense 7: `indicating existence or presence of a suspected condition or pathogen` (positive pregnancy test)
    *   Sense 8: `impossible to deny or disprove` (incontrovertible proof)
    *   Sense 9: `reckoned, situated or tending in the direction which naturally or arbitrarily is taken to indicate increase or progress or onward motion` (positive increase)
    *   Sense 10: `having a positive charge` (protons)
    *   Sense 11: `persuaded of; very sure` (convinced)

    *   Sense 1 (`greater than zero`) is the basic mathematical definition.
    *   Sense 9 (`reckoned, situated or tending in the direction which naturally or arbitrarily is taken to indicate increase or progress or onward motion`) describes a positive correlation or trend.
    *   In the phrase "positive function," it usually means a function where the output is positive (Sense 1) or, more commonly in social sciences/econometrics (as in this text), a positive correlation (Sense 9).
    *   Let's re-read Sense 9: "reckoned, situated or tending in the direction which naturally or arbitrarily is taken to indicate increase or progress or onward motion". Example: "positive increase in graduating students".
    *   Let's re-read Sense 1: "greater than zero". Example: "positive numbers".
    *   In "positive function of X", it means that as X increases, the function's value increases (positive slope/correlation). This aligns better with Sense 9 (tending in the direction of increase) than simply being "greater than zero" (Sense 1), although in some contexts they overlap. However, "positive function" in econometrics specifically refers to the direction of the relationship.

    *   Wait, let's look at Sense 1 again. "greater than zero". If a function is "positive", it means $f(x) > 0$. If a function is "a positive function of x", it often means $f'(x) > 0$ (it's an increasing function).
    *   Looking at the context: "the difference... is a positive function of the state tax rate." This means as the tax rate goes up, the difference goes up. This is a description of the *direction* of the relationship.
    *   Sense 9: "tending in the direction which naturally or arbitrarily is taken to indicate increase or progress or onward motion". This fits the "increasing" aspect of a positive correlation/function.

    *   Sense 1: $x > 0$
    *   Sense 9: $\Delta x > 0 \implies \Delta y > 0$ (or similar directional increase)
    *   In the context of "a positive function of [variable]", it almost always means that the variable has a positive effect on the outcome.

    *   Sense 1: "positive numbers"
    *   Sense 9: "positive increase in graduating students"
    *   "Positive function" in this econometric context is describing the relationship (correlation), not just that the result is a number above zero. Therefore, Sense 9 is the most precise fit for the "increasing" nature of the relationship.

    *   Wait, let me double-check if "positive function" could just mean the result is always positive (Sense 1).
    *   "the difference... is a positive function of the state tax rate."
    *   If it just meant the difference was always greater than zero, it would more likely say "the difference is positive" or "the difference is always positive". Saying it is a "positive function of [variable]" strongly implies that the variable *drives* the value in a positive direction.

    *   Sense 9: "reckoned, situated or tending in the direction which naturally or arbitrarily is taken to indicate increase or progress or onward motion".
    *   This matches the concept of a positive correlation/relationship.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: function
Target surface form: function
Context:
An examination of changes in personal staffing decisions in the Senate between 1986 and 1987 -LRB- when control of that body changed party hands -RRB-, moreover, reveals that the personal staffing differences noted in the table can not be attributed to the disproportionate control Democrats exercise, due to their majority - party status, over other resources such as committee staff. An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive <t>function</t> of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=function%1:14:00:: | definition=a formal or official social gathering or ceremony | examples=it was a black-tie function
2. sense_key=function%1:04:00:: | definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=office, part, role | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part
3. sense_key=function%1:07:00:: | definition=what something is used for | synonyms=purpose, role, use | examples=the function of an auger is to bore holes; ballet is beautiful but what use is it?
4. sense_key=function%1:11:00:: | definition=a vaguely specified social event | synonyms=affair, occasion, social occasion, social function | examples=the party was quite an affair; an occasion arranged to honor the president
5. sense_key=function%1:24:00:: | definition=(mathematics) a mathematical relation such that each element of a given set (the domain of the function) is associated with an element of another set (the range of the function) | synonyms=mathematical function, single-valued function, map, mapping
6. sense_key=function%1:10:00:: | definition=a set sequence of steps, part of larger computer program | synonyms=routine, subroutine, subprogram, procedure
7. sense_key=function%1:24:01:: | definition=a relation such that one thing is dependent on another | examples=height is a function of age; price is a function of supply and demand

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 7}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 7}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `function`
    *   Target surface form: `function`
    *   Context: "...the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive <t>function</t> of the state tax rate."
    *   Other clues in the text: "a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state", "cross-state econometric investigation".

    *   Sense 1: formal/official social gathering (e.g., black-tie function).
    *   Sense 2: actions/activities assigned to a person/group (e.g., role of a teacher).
    *   Sense 3: what something is used for (e.g., purpose of an auger).
    *   Sense 4: vaguely specified social event (e.g., affair).
    *   Sense 5: (mathematics) a mathematical relation (domain/range).
    *   Sense 6: computer program routine (e.g., subroutine).
    *   Sense 7: a relation such that one thing is dependent on another (e.g., height is a function of age).

    *   The sentence describes a relationship between two variables: "the difference between [vote shares]" and "the state tax rate".
    *   It uses the phrase "positive function of", which is common in statistics and econometrics to describe how one variable changes in relation to another.
    *   Sense 5 is specifically about the formal mathematical definition (sets, domain, range).
    *   Sense 7 is about a general relation of dependency ("one thing is dependent on another").

    *   The context is an "econometric investigation".
    *   The phrase "positive function of" indicates a correlation or dependency.
    *   Example for Sense 7: "height is a function of age; price is a function of supply and demand". This matches the structure "X is a function of Y" perfectly.
    *   While Sense 5 is the mathematical definition, Sense 7 is the application of that concept to describe dependencies between real-world variables.

    *   Sense 7: "a relation such that one thing is dependent on another".
    *   Context: "the difference... is a positive function of the state tax rate."
    *   This fits perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: state
Target surface form: state
Context:
An examination of changes in personal staffing decisions in the Senate between 1986 and 1987 -LRB- when control of that body changed party hands -RRB-, moreover, reveals that the personal staffing differences noted in the table can not be attributed to the disproportionate control Democrats exercise, due to their majority - party status, over other resources such as committee staff. An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the <t>state</t> tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=state%1:15:00:: | definition=the territory occupied by a nation | synonyms=country, land | examples=he returned to the land of his birth; he visited several European countries
2. sense_key=state%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=nation, country, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
3. sense_key=state%1:03:00:: | definition=the way something is with respect to its main attributes | examples=the current state of knowledge; his state of health
4. sense_key=state%1:26:01:: | definition=a state of depression or agitation | examples=he was in such a state you just couldn't reason with him
5. sense_key=state%1:14:01:: | definition=the group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state | examples=the state has lowered its income tax
6. sense_key=state%1:14:02:: | definition=the federal department in the United States that sets and maintains foreign policies | synonyms=Department of State, United States Department of State, State Department, DoS | examples=the Department of State was created in 1789
7. sense_key=state%1:26:02:: | definition=(chemistry) the three traditional states of matter are solids (fixed shape and volume) and liquids (fixed volume and shaped by the container) and gases (filling the container) | synonyms=state of matter | examples=the solid state of water is called ice
8. sense_key=state%1:15:01:: | definition=the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation | synonyms=province | examples=his state is in the deep south

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 8}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 8}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `state`
    *   Target surface form: `state`
    *   Context: "...the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the <t>state</t> tax rate."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses the US Senate, Republican and Democratic candidates, "states conducting a Senate election", "state government level", "cross-state econometric investigation", "state's major-party vote", "Republican gubernatorial candidate", "lower state house".

    *   Sense 1: Territory occupied by a nation (country).
    *   Sense 2: Politically organized body of people under a single government (nation/commonwealth).
    *   Sense 3: Way something is (condition/status).
    *   Sense 4: State of depression or agitation.
    *   Sense 5: Group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state.
    *   Sense 6: US Department of State.
    *   Sense 7: State of matter (chemistry).
    *   Sense 8: Territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation (province).

    *   The context is clearly about the United States (Senate, Republican/Democratic parties, gubernatorial candidates, state house).
    *   The phrase "the <t>state</t> tax rate" refers to the tax rate of a specific constituent administrative district (a US state).
    *   Comparing Sense 1 (nation) vs Sense 8 (province/constituent district): In the US context, "state" refers to the constituent units (like California, Texas, etc.), which fits Sense 8.
    *   Comparing Sense 2 (politically organized body) vs Sense 8: Sense 2 is more general or refers to the nation-state. Sense 8 specifically refers to the administrative districts of a nation.
    *   Comparing Sense 5 (the government): While "state tax rate" could be seen as the government's tax rate, the context "cross-state econometric investigation" and "a state's major-party vote" strongly points to the geographical/administrative entity (the state as a province).

    *   The text mentions "states conducting a Senate election" and "cross-state econometric investigation".
    *   "the <t>state</t> tax rate" refers to the tax rate imposed by that specific constituent administrative district.
    *   Sense 8: "the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation | synonyms=province". This fits perfectly for US states.

    *   Sense 1: Nation (Too broad).
    *   Sense 2: Nation/Body politic (Too broad).
    *   Sense 3: Condition (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 4: Agitation (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 5: Government of a sovereign state (Incorrect, as these are sub-national states).
    *   Sense 6: Dept of State (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 7: Matter (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 8: Constituent administrative district (Correct).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: federal
Target surface form: federal
Context:
An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the <t>federal</t> and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation. Mr. Zupan teaches at the University of Southern California's business school.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=federal%3:00:00:: | definition=characterized by or constituting a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities | examples=a federal system like that of the United States; federal governments often evolved out of confederations
2. sense_key=federal%3:01:02:: | definition=of or relating to the central government of a federation | examples=a federal district is one set aside as the seat of the national government
3. sense_key=federal%5:00:00:national:01 | definition=national; especially in reference to the government of the United States as distinct from that of its member units | examples=the Federal Bureau of Investigation; federal courts
4. sense_key=federal%5:00:00:northern:02 | definition=being of or having to do with the northern United States and those loyal to the Union during the American Civil War | synonyms=Union | examples=Union soldiers; Federal forces

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "federal"
    *   Target surface form: "federal"
    *   Context: "In sum, at both the <t>federal</t> and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses the difference between Republican presidential/senatorial candidates (federal level) and gubernatorial/legislative candidates (state level). It compares "federal government's tax burden" and "state government level".

    *   Sense 1: `federal%3:00:00::` - characterized by or constituting a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities (describes the *system* of government).
    *   Sense 2: `federal%3:01:02::` - of or relating to the central government of a federation (general term for the central government).
    *   Sense 3: `federal%5:00:00:national:01` - national; especially in reference to the government of the United States as distinct from that of its member units (specifically US national government vs. state government).
    *   Sense 4: `federal%5:00:00:northern:02` - relating to the northern US/Union during the Civil War.

    *   The text explicitly contrasts "federal" with "state government levels".
    *   It mentions "Republican presidential and senatorial candidates" (federal) and "Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house" (state).
    *   The context is clearly about the United States government.
    *   Sense 3 specifically defines "federal" as "national; especially in reference to the government of the United States as distinct from that of its member units". This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2 is a more general definition of a central government in any federation.
    *   Sense 1 describes the *type* of system (federalism).
    *   Sense 4 is historical (Civil War).

    *   The contrast "federal and state government levels" in the US context is the textbook definition of Sense 3.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: level
Target surface form: levels
Context:
An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government <t>levels</t> at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation. Mr. Zupan teaches at the University of Southern California's business school.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=level%1:26:01:: | definition=a relative position or degree of value in a graded group | synonyms=grade, tier | examples=lumber of the highest grade
2. sense_key=level%1:09:00:: | definition=an abstract place usually conceived as having depth | synonyms=layer, stratum | examples=a good actor communicates on several levels; a simile has at least two layers of meaning
3. sense_key=level%1:06:01:: | definition=a structure consisting of a room or set of rooms at a single position along a vertical scale | synonyms=floor, storey, story | examples=what level is the office on?
4. sense_key=level%1:07:00:: | definition=a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality | synonyms=degree, grade | examples=a moderate grade of intelligence; a high level of care is required
5. sense_key=level%1:06:00:: | definition=indicator that establishes the horizontal when a bubble is centered in a tube of liquid | synonyms=spirit level
6. sense_key=level%1:06:03:: | definition=a flat surface at right angles to a plumb line | synonyms=horizontal surface | examples=park the car on the level
7. sense_key=level%1:26:00:: | definition=a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process | synonyms=degree, stage, point | examples=a remarkable degree of frankness; at what stage are the social sciences?
8. sense_key=level%1:07:01:: | definition=height above ground | examples=the water reached ankle level; the pictures were at the same level

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `level`
    *   Target surface form: `levels`
    *   Context: "In sum, at both the federal and state government <t>levels</t> at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses voting patterns at the "state government level" and the "federal level."

    *   Sense 1: `level%1:26:01::` - a relative position or degree of value in a graded group (synonyms: grade, tier). Example: lumber of the highest grade.
    *   Sense 2: `level%1:09:00::` - an abstract place usually conceived as having depth (synonyms: layer, stratum). Example: a good actor communicates on several levels.
    *   Sense 3: `level%1:06:01::` - a structure consisting of a room or set of rooms at a single position along a vertical scale (synonyms: floor, storey).
    *   Sense 4: `level%1:07:00::` - a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality (synonyms: degree, grade). Example: a high level of care.
    *   Sense 5: `level%1:06:00::` - indicator that establishes the horizontal (spirit level).
    *   Sense 6: `level%1:06:03::` - a flat surface at right angles to a plumb line (horizontal surface).
    *   Sense 7: `level%1:26:00::` - a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process (synonyms: degree, stage, point). Example: at what stage are the social sciences?
    *   Sense 8: `level%1:07:01::` - height above ground.

    *   The phrase is "federal and state government levels."
    *   This refers to different tiers or grades of government (federal vs. state).
    *   It's not a physical floor (Sense 3), a spirit level (Sense 5), a horizontal surface (Sense 6), or height above ground (Sense 8).
    *   It's not a position on a scale of intensity (Sense 4) or a stage in a process (Sense 7).
    *   It's not an abstract place with depth (Sense 2).
    *   It describes a relative position in a graded group (government hierarchy/structure). Sense 1 (grade, tier) fits well.

    *   Sense 1: "a relative position or degree of value in a graded group" (synonyms: grade, tier).
    *   Sense 7: "a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process" (synonyms: degree, stage, point).
    *   Comparing "federal and state government levels": These are tiers of government. "Tier" is a synonym for Sense 1.

    *   Sense 1: grade, tier.
    *   Sense 7: degree, stage, point.
    *   "Federal level" and "state level" are tiers of administration. Sense 1 is the most appropriate.

    *   Wait, let me re-read Sense 1 and Sense 7.
    *   Sense 1: "a relative position or degree of value in a graded group" (grade, tier).
    *   Sense 7: "a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process" (degree, stage, point).
    *   Government levels (federal, state, local) are typically described as tiers.

    *   Let's check Sense 2 again: "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth" (layer, stratum). Sometimes "levels of government" are called "layers," but "tier" (Sense 1) is more precise for administrative levels.

    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 1 vs Sense 7.
    *   Sense 1: "relative position... in a graded group".
    *   Sense 7: "identifiable position in a continuum or series".
    *   Government levels are a graded group (hierarchy).

    *   Let's look at Sense 1 again: "lumber of the highest grade". This example is about quality.
    *   Let's look at Sense 7 again: "at what stage are the social sciences?". This is about progress/process.

    *   Is there a better fit?
    *   Sense 1: grade, tier.
    *   Sense 2: layer, stratum.
    *   Sense 4: degree, grade (intensity/amount).
    *   Sense 7: degree, stage, point.

    *   Actually, "federal level" and "state level" are often categorized as "tiers" of government. Sense 1 lists "tier" as a synonym.

    *   Let's double-check Sense 2: "a good actor communicates on several levels". This is more about layers of meaning.

    *   Let's double-check Sense 1: "a relative position or degree of value in a graded group". Government levels (federal, state, local) fit this description of a graded group (hierarchy).

    *   Wait, let me look at Sense 7 again: "a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series". Federal, state, and local government could be seen as a series. But "tier" (Sense 1) is a much stronger synonym for "level of government".

    *   Let's re-verify Sense 1: "a relative position or degree of value in a graded group".
    *   Let's re-verify Sense 7: "a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process".

    *   If I search for "levels of government", they are almost always called "tiers".

    *   Sense 1: grade, tier.
    *   Sense 2: layer, stratum.
    *   Sense 3: floor, storey.
    *   Sense 4: degree, grade.
    *   Sense 5: spirit level.
    *   Sense 6: horizontal surface.
    *   Sense 7: degree, stage, point.
    *   Sense 8: height above ground.

    *   Sense 1 seems the most fitting because of the synonym "tier".

    *   Wait, let me look at Sense 1's example: "lumber of the highest grade". This is about quality.
    *   Let me look at Sense 7's example: "at what stage are the social sciences?". This is about a point in a process.
    *   Let me look at Sense 2's example: "a good actor communicates on several levels". This is about layers of meaning.

    *   Is "federal level" a "relative position or degree of value in a graded group"? Yes, the federal level is the highest tier in the US government hierarchy.

    *   Let's check if "level" in "federal level" could be Sense 7. "A specific identifiable position in a continuum or series". Federal, state, local. This is a series.

    *   Let's compare "tier" (Sense 1) and "stage/point" (Sense 7). "Tier" is much more common for government.

    *   Let's re-read Sense 1: "a relative position or degree of value in a graded group".
    *   Let's re-read Sense 2: "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth".

    *   Actually, looking at other WSD datasets (like SemCor), "level" in "government level" is often mapped to the sense of "tier" or "stratum".

    *   Let's look at Sense 1 again. "grade, tier".
    *   Let's look at Sense 2 again. "layer, stratum".

    *   In the context of government, "tier" (Sense 1) is very common.

    *   Let's double-check Sense 4: "a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality". (Not this).

    *   Let's double-check Sense 7: "a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process". (Not a process).

    *   Final check: Sense 1 (tier) vs Sense 2 (layer).
    *   "Federal and state government levels" -> "Federal and state government tiers". (Sounds correct).
    *   "Federal and state government levels" -> "Federal and state government layers". (Also sounds okay, but "tier" is more standard for administrative levels).

    *   Wait, let me look at Sense 1 again: "a relative position or degree of value in a graded group".
    *   Is the government a "graded group"? Yes, it's a hierarchy.

    *   Let's re-examine Sense 2: "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth". This doesn't fit "federal level" as well as Sense 1.

    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: part
Target surface form: part
Context:
An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least <t>part</t> of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation. Mr. Zupan teaches at the University of Southern California's business school.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=part%1:09:01:: | definition=an actor's portrayal of someone in a play | synonyms=character, role, theatrical role, persona | examples=she played the part of Desdemona
2. sense_key=part%1:04:01:: | definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=function, office, role | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part
3. sense_key=part%1:08:01:: | definition=a line of scalp that can be seen when sections of hair are combed in opposite directions | synonyms=parting | examples=his part was right in the middle
4. sense_key=part%1:15:00:: | definition=the extended spatial location of something | synonyms=region | examples=the farming regions of France; religions in all parts of the world
5. sense_key=part%1:17:00:: | definition=a portion of a natural object | synonyms=piece | examples=they analyzed the river into three parts; he needed a piece of granite
6. sense_key=part%1:21:00:: | definition=assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=share, portion, percentage | examples=he wanted his share in cash
7. sense_key=part%1:06:00:: | definition=something less than the whole of a human artifact | synonyms=portion | examples=the rear part of the house; glue the two parts together
8. sense_key=part%1:10:00:: | definition=the melody carried by a particular voice or instrument in polyphonic music | synonyms=voice | examples=he tried to sing the tenor part
9. sense_key=part%1:09:02:: | definition=that which concerns a person with regard to a particular role or situation | examples=it requires vigilance on our part; they resisted every effort on his part
10. sense_key=part%1:09:00:: | definition=one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole | synonyms=section, division | examples=the written part of the exam; the finance section of the company
11. sense_key=part%1:24:00:: | definition=something determined in relation to something that includes it | synonyms=portion, component part, component, constituent | examples=he wanted to feel a part of something bigger than himself; I read a portion of the manuscript
12. sense_key=part%1:04:03:: | definition=the part played by a person in bringing about a result | synonyms=contribution, share | examples=I am proud of my contribution in advancing the project; they all did their share of the work

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 11}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 11}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `part`
    *   Target surface form: `part`
    *   Context: "In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least <t>part</t> of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation."

    *   The sentence says "at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior... may have an exceedingly rational explanation."
    *   Here, "part" refers to a portion or a fraction of the "seemingly irrational behavior."
    *   It's not a physical piece of an object, nor a role in a play, nor a musical part, nor a share of assets.
    *   It refers to a portion of an abstract concept (behavior).

    *   1: actor's portrayal (No)
    *   2: actions/activities assigned to a person (No)
    *   3: line of scalp (No)
    *   4: spatial location/region (No)
    *   5: portion of a natural object (No)
    *   6: assets/share (No)
    *   7: something less than the whole of a human artifact (No)
    *   8: melody/voice in music (No)
    *   9: that which concerns a person (No)
    *   10: one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole (Possible)
    *   11: something determined in relation to something that includes it (Possible - "portion, component part, component, constituent")
    *   12: part played by a person in bringing about a result (No)

    *   Sense 10: "one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole" (Synonyms: section, division). Example: "the written part of the exam".
    *   Sense 11: "something determined in relation to something that includes it" (Synonyms: portion, component part, component, constituent). Example: "I read a portion of the manuscript".

    *   "at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior"
    *   This means a *portion* of the behavior.
    *   Looking at Sense 11's example: "I read a portion of the manuscript." This is very similar to "part of the behavior."
    *   Looking at Sense 10's example: "the written part of the exam." This is more about a specific section.

    *Wait*, let's re-examine Sense 10 and 11.
    Sense 10: "one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole"
    Sense 11: "something determined in relation to something that includes it"

    Actually, "part of the behavior" usually means a portion or a fraction.
    Let's look at the synonyms for 11: "portion, component part, component, constituent".
    Let's look at the synonyms for 10: "section, division".

    In the phrase "part of the behavior," it's not necessarily a "section" or "division" (Sense 10), but rather a "portion" or "constituent" (Sense 11).

    Let's double-check Sense 11 again: "something determined in relation to something that includes it". Example: "I read a portion of the manuscript". This fits perfectly.

    Wait, let me look at Sense 10 again: "one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole". Example: "the written part of the exam".

    Is "behavior" divided into portions? Yes. Is it a "component part" of the behavior? Yes.

    Let's compare:
    "part of the behavior"
    Sense 10: "the written part of the exam" (a specific section)
    Sense 11: "a portion of the manuscript" (an unspecified amount/fraction)

    The context "at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior" suggests an unspecified amount/fraction, which aligns better with Sense 11's "portion of the manuscript" than Sense 10's "written part of the exam".

    Let's re-read Sense 11: "something determined in relation to something that includes it". This is a bit vague, but the synonyms "portion, component part" and the example "portion of the manuscript" are strong.

    Let's re-read Sense 10: "one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole".

    Actually, looking at WordNet's structure (if I recall correctly), Sense 11 (part%1:15:00 is region, part%1:17:00 is natural object, part%1:06:00 is artifact, part%1:10:00 is music, part%1:09:00 is division/section, part%1:24:00 is component/portion).

    Wait, let me re-list the candidate senses provided:
    10: sense_key=part%1:09:00:: | definition=one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole | synonyms=section, division | examples=the written part of the exam; the finance section of the company
    11: sense_key=part%1:24:00:: | definition=something determined in relation to something that includes it | synonyms=portion, component part, component, constituent | examples=he wanted to feel a part of something bigger than himself; I read a portion of the manuscript

    "at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior"
    This is a portion of the behavior.
    Sense 11's example "I read a portion of the manuscript" is almost identical in structure to "part of the behavior".

    Let's check Sense 10 again. "the written part of the exam". This is a specific *kind* of part (the written one). "Part of the behavior" is more like "some of the behavior".

    Therefore, Sense 11 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: irrational
Target surface form: irrational
Context:
An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly <t>irrational</t> behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation. Mr. Zupan teaches at the University of Southern California's business school.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=irrational%3:01:00:: | definition=real but not expressible as the quotient of two integers | examples=irrational numbers
2. sense_key=irrational%3:00:00:: | definition=not consistent with or using reason | examples=irrational fears; irrational animals

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `irrational`
    *   Target surface form: `irrational`
    *   Context: "...at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly <t>irrational</t> behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `irrational%3:01:00::` (mathematical: not expressible as a quotient of two integers)
        2.  `irrational%3:00:00::` (behavioral/cognitive: not consistent with or using reason)

    *   The sentence discusses voter behavior ("behavior voters display in the voting booth").
    *   It contrasts "seemingly irrational behavior" with an "exceedingly rational explanation."
    *   This is clearly referring to human behavior and reasoning, not mathematical numbers.

    *   Sense 1 is about numbers (irrational numbers).
    *   Sense 2 is about reason/logic (not consistent with or using reason).

    *   Sense 2 fits perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: behavior
Target surface form: behavior
Context:
An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational <t>behavior</t> voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation. Mr. Zupan teaches at the University of Southern California's business school.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=behavior%1:04:01:: | definition=(psychology) the aggregate of the responses or reactions or movements made by an organism in any situation | synonyms=behaviour
2. sense_key=behavior%1:07:00:: | definition=(behavioral attributes) the way a person behaves toward other people | synonyms=demeanor, demeanour, behaviour, conduct, deportment
3. sense_key=behavior%1:04:00:: | definition=manner of acting or controlling yourself | synonyms=behaviour, conduct, doings
4. sense_key=behavior%1:26:00:: | definition=the action or reaction of something (as a machine or substance) under specified circumstances | synonyms=behaviour | examples=the behavior of small particles can be studied in experiments

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `behavior`
    *   Target surface form: `behavior`
    *   Context: "...at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational <t>behavior</t> voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  (psychology) aggregate of responses/reactions/movements of an organism.
        2.  (behavioral attributes) way a person behaves toward other people (demeanor, conduct).
        3.  Manner of acting or controlling yourself (behaviour, conduct, doings).
        4.  Action or reaction of something (machine or substance).

    *   The text discusses voting patterns (ticket splitting, voting for different parties at different levels of government).
    *   It describes this as "seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth."
    *   The "behavior" here refers to the *act* of voting in a certain way (the pattern of their actions).

    *   Sense 1: Psychology-focused, aggregate responses. This is a bit too technical/scientific for the general description of voting patterns, although voting is a response.
    *   Sense 2: Behavioral attributes/demeanor toward others. This is about *how* someone carries themselves or treats others (e.g., "his behavior at the party was rude"). Not applicable here.
    *   Sense 3: Manner of acting or controlling yourself (conduct, doings). This fits well. "The way voters act" or "the doings of voters" in the voting booth.
    *   Sense 4: Action/reaction of a machine or substance. Not applicable.

    *   Sense 1 is very broad and scientific.
    *   Sense 3 is more general and refers to the way people act or their conduct.
    *   In the context of "irrational behavior voters display," it refers to the *way* they are voting (their conduct/actions).
    *   Comparing "aggregate of responses" (Sense 1) vs "manner of acting" (Sense 3). "Irrational behavior" in a social science/political context usually refers to the manner of acting or the specific actions taken.

    *   Sense 1: (psychology) the aggregate of the responses or reactions or movements made by an organism in any situation.
    *   Sense 3: manner of acting or controlling yourself.
    *   Looking at the context: "seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth". This is describing the *pattern* of their actions (ticket splitting).
    *   Usually, "behavior" in the sense of "the way people act" (especially in a non-clinical, non-experimental psychology sense) maps to Sense 3. Sense 1 is more about the biological/psychological mechanism.

    *   Sense 3: "manner of acting or controlling yourself" / "conduct, doings".
    *   Sense 1: "aggregate of the responses or reactions... made by an organism".
    *   The text is an econometric/political analysis. While it's analyzing "behavior," it's talking about the *actions* (the votes cast). Sense 3 is the most natural fit for "the way they are acting/voting."

    *   Sense 1: Psychology (too specific).
    *   Sense 2: Demeanor (wrong meaning).
    *   Sense 3: Manner of acting (fits).
    *   Sense 4: Machine/substance (wrong meaning).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: display
Target surface form: display
Context:
An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters <t>display</t> in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation. Mr. Zupan teaches at the University of Southern California's business school.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=display%2:41:00:: | definition=attract attention by displaying some body part or posing; of animals
2. sense_key=display%2:39:00:: | definition=to show, make visible or apparent | synonyms=expose, exhibit | examples=The Metropolitan Museum is exhibiting Goya's works this month; Why don't you show your nice legs and wear shorter skirts?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `display`
    *   Target surface form: `display`
    *   Context: "...at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters <t>display</t> in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `display%2:41:00::` (attract attention by displaying some body part or posing; of animals)
        2.  `display%2:39:00::` (to show, make visible or apparent; synonyms: expose, exhibit)

    *   The sentence discusses "seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth".
    *   In this context, "display" means to exhibit or show a certain behavior.

    *   Sense 1 is specifically about animals attracting attention by posing or showing body parts. This does not fit.
    *   Sense 2 is about showing, making visible, or making apparent (synonyms: expose, exhibit). This fits perfectly with "displaying behavior".

    *   The correct sense is Sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rational
Target surface form: rational
Context:
An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly <t>rational</t> explanation. Mr. Zupan teaches at the University of Southern California's business school.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rational%3:00:00:: | definition=consistent with or based on or using reason | examples=rational behavior; a process of rational inference
2. sense_key=rational%5:00:00:intellectual:00 | definition=having its source in or being guided by the intellect (as distinguished from experience or emotion) | examples=a rational analysis
3. sense_key=rational%5:00:00:mental:00 | definition=of or associated with or requiring the use of the mind | synonyms=intellectual, noetic | examples=intellectual problems; the triumph of the rational over the animal side of man
4. sense_key=rational%3:01:00:: | definition=capable of being expressed as a quotient of integers | examples=rational numbers

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `rational`
    *   Target surface form: `rational`
    *   Context: "...at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly <t>rational</t> explanation."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `consistent with or based on or using reason` (e.g., rational behavior)
        2.  `having its source in or being guided by the intellect (as distinguished from experience or emotion)` (e.g., a rational analysis)
        3.  `of or associated with or requiring the use of the mind` (synonyms: intellectual, noetic)
        4.  `capable of being expressed as a quotient of integers` (mathematical)

    *   The sentence discusses voter behavior that seems "irrational" but might have a "rational explanation."
    *   The author is arguing that what looks like illogical voting (ticket splitting) actually follows a logical pattern based on tax rates.
    *   "Rational explanation" here means an explanation based on reason, logic, or a consistent set of motives (economic incentives in this case).

    *   Sense 1: `consistent with or based on or using reason`. This fits perfectly. A "rational explanation" is one based on reason.
    *   Sense 2: `having its source in or being guided by the intellect (as distinguished from experience or emotion)`. This is close, but "rational" in the context of "rational behavior" or "rational explanation" usually refers to the logical consistency or reason-based nature of the action/explanation, rather than just being "intellectual."
    *   Sense 3: `of or associated with or requiring the use of the mind`. Too broad.
    *   Sense 4: Mathematical. Not applicable.

    *   The context contrasts "irrational behavior" with a "rational explanation."
    *   In economics and political science (the context is an econometric investigation), "rational" specifically refers to behavior based on reason or self-interest (consistent with reason).
    *   Sense 1's example "rational behavior" mirrors the "irrational behavior" mentioned in the sentence.

    *   Sense 1: consistent with or based on or using reason.
    *   Sense 2: guided by the intellect (distinguished from emotion).
    *   While Sense 2 is similar, Sense 1 is the standard definition for "rational" when contrasted with "irrational" in the context of behavior and explanations for that behavior.

    *   Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: long
Target surface form: long
Context:
In the <t>long</t>, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating earthquake, Bay Area residents searched for comfort and solace wherever they could. Some found it on the screen of a personal computer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=long%3:00:00:: | definition=good at remembering | synonyms=retentive, recollective, tenacious | examples=a retentive mind; tenacious memory
2. sense_key=long%5:00:00:tall:00 | definition=of relatively great height; - Sherwood Anderson | examples=a race of long gaunt men; looked out the long French windows
3. sense_key=long%3:00:05:: | definition=holding securities or commodities in expectation of a rise in prices | examples=is long on coffee; a long position in gold
4. sense_key=long%3:00:01:: | definition=primarily spatial sense; of relatively great or greater than average spatial extension or extension as specified | examples=a long road; a long distance
5. sense_key=long%3:00:02:: | definition=primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified | examples=a long life; a long boring speech
6. sense_key=long%5:00:00:provident:00 | definition=planning prudently for the future | synonyms=farseeing, farsighted, foresighted, foresightful, prospicient, longsighted | examples=large goals that required farsighted policies; took a long view of the geopolitical issues
7. sense_key=long%3:00:04:: | definition=(of speech sounds or syllables) of relatively long duration | examples=the English vowel sounds in `bate', `beat', `bite', `boat', `boot' are long
8. sense_key=long%5:00:00:abundant:00 | definition=having or being more than normal or necessary: | examples=long on brains; in long supply
9. sense_key=long%5:00:00:unsound:00 | definition=involving substantial risk | examples=long odds

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `long`
    *   Target surface form: `long`
    *   Context: "In the <t>long</t>, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating earthquake..."
    *   Target word: `long` (modifying "night")

    *   Sense 1: good at remembering (retentive) - *Incorrect*
    *   Sense 2: relatively great height (tall) - *Incorrect*
    *   Sense 3: holding securities (finance) - *Incorrect*
    *   Sense 4: primarily spatial sense (distance) - *Incorrect*
    *   Sense 5: primarily temporal sense (duration/passage of time) - *Correct* (A "long night" refers to the duration of time).
    *   Sense 6: planning prudently (farsighted) - *Incorrect*
    *   Sense 7: speech sounds/syllables (phonetics) - *Incorrect*
    *   Sense 8: more than normal or necessary (abundant) - *Incorrect*
    *   Sense 9: involving substantial risk (long odds) - *Incorrect*

    *   The word "long" describes "night".
    *   A "night" is a period of time.
    *   Therefore, "long" refers to the duration of that time.
    *   Sense 5 specifically mentions "primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time".