[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bring_home_the_bacon
Target surface form: bringing home the bacon
Context:
The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "<t>bringing home the bacon</t> "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bring_home_the_bacon%2:40:00:: | definition=supply means of subsistence; earn a living | synonyms=provide | examples=He provides for his large family by working three jobs; Women nowadays not only take care of the household but also bring home the bacon
2. sense_key=bring_home_the_bacon%2:41:00:: | definition=attain success or reach a desired goal | synonyms=succeed, win, come through, deliver the goods | examples=The enterprise succeeded; We succeeded in getting tickets to the show

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `bring_home_the_bacon`
    *   Target surface form: `bringing home the bacon`
    *   Context: A political science/economic theory discussion about Congressional representatives. It mentions "local benefits," "pork barrel," and "local benefit-seeking." The specific sentence is: "...their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from '<t>bringing home the bacon</t>' to their respective constituencies."

    *   Sense 1: `supply means of subsistence; earn a living` (Synonyms: provide). Example: "Women nowadays not only take care of the household but also bring home the bacon."
    *   Sense 2: `attain success or reach a desired goal` (Synonyms: succeed, win, come through, deliver the goods). Example: "The enterprise succeeded."

    *   The context discusses "pork barrel" politics. "Pork barrel" refers to the appropriation of government spending for localized projects secured by a representative for their constituency.
    *   "Bringing home the bacon" in this specific political context means securing these local benefits (the "bacon") for their district.
    *   Does this fit Sense 1 (earning a living/subsistence)? No. The legislators aren't earning their own living; they are securing funds for their districts.
    *   Does this fit Sense 2 (attaining success or reaching a desired goal)? Yes. Securing "pork" or local benefits is a goal for the legislator and a "success" for the constituency. While Sense 2 is more general ("attain success"), it fits the idea of "delivering the goods" (one of the synonyms) to the constituency.

    *   Wait, let me re-evaluate. Is there a more specific meaning of "bring home the bacon" in politics? Usually, it means securing funds.
    *   Sense 1 is strictly about financial support for a family/household.
    *   Sense 2 is about success/achieving a goal.
    *   In the context of "pork barrel" and "local benefits," the legislator is "delivering the goods" (Sense 2 synonym) to the constituency.

    *   Sense 1: Earn a living. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Attain success/reach a goal/deliver the goods. (Correct)

    *   The phrase "bringing home the bacon" in the context of "pork barrel" politics is a metaphor for securing government funds for a local district. This is a form of "delivering the goods" or "attaining a desired goal" (the goal being the local benefit).

    *   Sense 1: `bring_home_the_bacon%2:40:00::`
    *   Sense 2: `bring_home_the_bacon%2:41:00::`
    *   The user wants the index (1 or 2).

    *   Sense 1: Earn a living.
    *   Sense 2: Succeed/Deliver the goods.
    *   Context: Securing pork barrel funds for a constituency.
    *   Conclusion: Sense 2.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: come_to
Target surface form: comes
Context:
1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it <t>comes</t> to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=come_to%2:41:00:: | definition=attain | synonyms=strike | examples=The horse finally struck a pace
2. sense_key=come_to%2:29:00:: | definition=return to consciousness | synonyms=revive, resuscitate | examples=The patient came to quickly; She revived after the doctor gave her an injection
3. sense_key=come_to%2:39:00:: | definition=cause to experience suddenly | synonyms=hit, strike | examples=Panic struck me; An interesting idea hit her
4. sense_key=come_to%2:42:03:: | definition=be relevant to | synonyms=refer, pertain, relate, concern, bear on, touch | examples=There were lots of questions referring to her talk; My remark pertained to your earlier comments

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `come_to`
    *   Target surface form: `comes`
    *   Context: "Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it <t>comes</t> to national policy making."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `attain` (e.g., "The horse finally struck a pace")
        2.  `return to consciousness` (e.g., "The patient came to quickly")
        3.  `cause to experience suddenly` (e.g., "Panic struck me")
        4.  `be relevant to` (synonyms: refer, pertain, relate, concern, bear on, touch; e.g., "There were lots of questions referring to her talk")

    *   The phrase is "when it comes to [something]".
    *   In this context, "when it comes to national policy making" means "with regard to", "concerning", or "as it relates to" national policy making.

    *   Sense 1 (attain): Doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 2 (return to consciousness): Doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 3 (cause to experience suddenly): Doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 4 (be relevant to / pertain / relate / concern): This fits perfectly. "When it comes to X" is a common idiom meaning "as it relates to X" or "concerning X".

    *   Sense 4: `be relevant to` (synonyms: refer, pertain, relate, concern, bear on, touch).
    *   Context: "when it comes to national policy making" $\approx$ "when it pertains to national policy making" or "when it relates to national policy making".

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: national
Target surface form: national
Context:
1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to <t>national</t> policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=national%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country | examples=national hero; national anthem
2. sense_key=national%5:00:00:domestic:00 | definition=inside the country | synonyms=home, interior, internal | examples=the British Home Office has broader responsibilities than the United States Department of the Interior; the nation's internal politics
3. sense_key=national%5:00:00:public:00 | definition=owned or maintained for the public by the national government | examples=national parks
4. sense_key=national%3:01:01:: | definition=of or relating to nationality | examples=national origin
5. sense_key=national%3:01:02:: | definition=characteristic of or peculiar to the people of a nation | examples=a national trait
6. sense_key=national%3:00:00:: | definition=limited to or in the interests of a particular nation | examples=national interests; isolationism is a strictly national policy
7. sense_key=national%3:00:01:: | definition=concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country | examples=the national government; national elections

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 7}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 7}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `national`
    *   Target surface form: `national`
    *   Context: "Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to <t>national</t> policy making."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses the roles of Congressional representatives, contrasting "national issues" (programmatic actions affecting the population at large) with "local issues" (constituency service and pork barrel).

    *   Sense 1: `of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country` (General)
    *   Sense 2: `inside the country` (Domestic/Internal)
    *   Sense 3: `owned or maintained for the public by the national government` (Publicly owned, e.g., national parks)
    *   Sense 4: `of or relating to nationality` (Nationality/Origin)
    *   Sense 5: `characteristic of or peculiar to the people of a nation` (National trait)
    *   Sense 6: `limited to or in the interests of a particular nation` (National interests/Isolationism)
    *   Sense 7: `concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country` (National government/National elections)

    *   The phrase is "national policy making."
    *   The context contrasts "national issues" (affecting the "population at large") with "local issues" (affecting specific constituencies).
    *   "National policy making" refers to the process of creating policies that apply to the entire country, not just a specific region or local area.

    *   Sense 1 is very general.
    *   Sense 2 (domestic) is more about internal vs. external/international.
    *   Sense 3 (publicly owned) doesn't fit "policy making."
    *   Sense 4 (nationality) doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 5 (characteristic) doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 6 (limited to/interests of) is more about nationalism or national interest vs. international interest.
    *   Sense 7 (concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country) fits perfectly. It describes things that apply to the *entire* nation, contrasting with the "local" focus mentioned earlier in the text.

    *   The text explicitly contrasts "national issues" (population at large) with "local issues" (constituency service).
    *   "National policy making" in this context means policy making for the entire country.
    *   Sense 7: "concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country" (Example: national government). This aligns perfectly with the contrast between national and local.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: policy
Target surface form: policy
Context:
1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national <t>policy</t> making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=policy%1:09:00:: | definition=a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group | examples=it was a policy of retribution; a politician keeps changing his policies
2. sense_key=policy%1:10:02:: | definition=written contract or certificate of insurance | synonyms=insurance policy, insurance | examples=you should have read the small print on your policy
3. sense_key=policy%1:10:00:: | definition=a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government | examples=they debated the policy or impolicy of the proposed legislation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `policy`
    *   Target surface form: `policy`
    *   Context: "...Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national <t>policy</t> making."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `policy%1:09:00::`: a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group.
        2.  `policy%1:10:02::`: written contract or certificate of insurance.
        3.  `policy%1:10:00::`: a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government.

    *   The sentence is: "Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making."
    *   The context discusses political agents (Republicans, Democrats), Congressional representatives, national issues, legislation, and the White House.
    *   "National policy making" refers to the process of creating the plans of action or the course of action for the government/nation.

    *   Sense 1: "a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group". This is a broad definition.
    *   Sense 2: "written contract or certificate of insurance". Clearly incorrect.
    *   Sense 3: "a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government". This focuses more on the *argument* or *rationalization* rather than the actual plan or the process of making the plan.

    *   "Policy making" usually refers to the creation of the "plan of action" (Sense 1) rather than the "line of argument" (Sense 3).
    *   Looking at Sense 1 again: "a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group". A government is a social group.
    *   Looking at Sense 3 again: "a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government".
    *   In the phrase "national policy making", "policy" refers to the actual goals and plans of the government, not just the arguments used to justify them.

    *   Sense 1 is the general meaning of "policy" as a plan of action.
    *   Sense 3 is a more specific meaning related to the *justification* of government action.
    *   "Policy making" is the process of deciding what the plan of action will be.

    *   Sense 1: "a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group" (Example: "a politician keeps changing his policies"). This fits well.
    *   Sense 3: "a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government". This is too narrow.

    *   The context is about legislators and the process of creating national policy. This aligns best with the general "plan of action" (Sense 1).

    *   Wait, let me re-read Sense 3: "a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government".
    *   Let me re-read Sense 1: "a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group".
    *   In "national policy making", the "policy" being made is the plan of action.

    *   Sense 1: `policy%1:09:00`
    *   Sense 2: `policy%1:10:02`
    *   Sense 3: `policy%1:10:00`

    *   The target is "national policy making".
    *   Sense 1 is the most fitting.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: making
Target surface form: making
Context:
1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy <t>making</t>. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=making%1:07:00:: | definition=an attribute that must be met or complied with and that fits a person for something | synonyms=qualification | examples=her qualifications for the job are excellent; one of the qualifications for admission is an academic degree
2. sense_key=making%1:04:00:: | definition=the act that results in something coming to be | synonyms=devising, fashioning | examples=the devising of plans; the fashioning of pots and pans
3. sense_key=making%1:06:00:: | definition=(usually plural) the components needed for making or doing something | examples=the recipe listed all the makings for a chocolate cake

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `making`
    *   Target surface form: `making`
    *   Context: "...Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy <t>making</t>."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `making%1:07:00::` (qualification)
        2.  `making%1:04:00::` (the act that results in something coming to be; devising, fashioning)
        3.  `making%1:06:00::` (components needed for making or doing something)

    *   The phrase is "national policy making".
    *   "Policy making" refers to the process of creating, designing, or establishing policies.
    *   This is an act of creation or devising.

    *   Sense 1: "an attribute that must be met or complied with" (qualification). This doesn't fit "policy making".
    *   Sense 2: "the act that results in something coming to be" (devising, fashioning). This fits perfectly. Policy making is the act of devising policies.
    *   Sense 3: "the components needed for making or doing something" (makings). This is usually plural ("the makings of a great leader"). It doesn't fit here.

    *   The target word "making" in "policy making" refers to the process/act of creating policy.
    *   Sense 2 is the correct match.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: race
Target surface form: races
Context:
2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In <t>races</t> for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=race%1:11:01:: | definition=any competition | examples=the race for the presidency
2. sense_key=race%1:06:00:: | definition=a canal for a current of water | synonyms=raceway
3. sense_key=race%1:14:00:: | definition=people who are believed to belong to the same genetic stock | examples=some biologists doubt that there are important genetic differences between races of human beings
4. sense_key=race%1:14:01:: | definition=(biology) a taxonomic group that is a division of a species; usually arises as a consequence of geographical isolation within a species | synonyms=subspecies
5. sense_key=race%1:11:00:: | definition=a contest of speed | examples=the race is to the swift
6. sense_key=race%1:19:00:: | definition=the flow of air that is driven backwards by an aircraft propeller | synonyms=slipstream, airstream, backwash, wash

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `race`
    *   Target surface form: `races`
    *   Context: "In <t>races</t> for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `race%1:11:01::` - any competition (example: the race for the presidency)
        2.  `race%1:06:00::` - a canal for a current of water
        3.  `race%1:14:00::` - people who are believed to belong to the same genetic stock
        4.  `race%1:14:01::` - (biology) a taxonomic group...
        5.  `race%1:11:00::` - a contest of speed
        6.  `race%1:19:00::` - the flow of air...

    *   The sentence is "In races for the White House...".
    *   "Races for the White House" refers to the political elections for the US presidency.
    *   This is a competition for a position of power, not a contest of speed (like a 100m dash) or a biological category.

    *   Sense 1: "any competition" (Example: "the race for the presidency"). This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 5: "a contest of speed". This does not fit.
    *   Sense 3 & 4: Biological/genetic categories. This does not fit.
    *   Sense 2 & 6: Water canal or aircraft propeller flow. This does not fit.

    *   The best sense is Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: incentive
Target surface form: incentive
Context:
2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's <t>incentive</t>, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=incentive%1:16:00:: | definition=a positive motivational influence | synonyms=inducement, motivator
2. sense_key=incentive%1:21:00:: | definition=an additional payment (or other remuneration) to employees as a means of increasing output | synonyms=bonus

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "incentive"
    *   Target surface form: "incentive"
    *   Context: "In races for the White House, a voter's <t>incentive</t>, at the margin, is to lean Republican."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses the strategic motivations of voters in Congressional and Presidential races, mentioning "economic theory," "prisoner's dilemma," and the trade-off between local benefits and national policy.

    *   Sense 1: "a positive motivational influence" (synonyms: inducement, motivator).
    *   Sense 2: "an additional payment (or other remuneration) to employees as a means of increasing output" (synonyms: bonus).

    *   The context describes a voter's motivation or reason to vote for a specific party based on a strategic calculation (economic theory/prisoner's dilemma).
    *   It is not referring to a monetary bonus or payment to an employee.
    *   It is referring to a motivational influence or a reason to act in a certain way.

    *   Sense 1 fits perfectly: "a positive motivational influence" (the reason/inducement for the voter to lean Republican).
    *   Sense 2 does not fit: No employees or bonuses are involved.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: lean
Target surface form: lean
Context:
2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to <t>lean</t> Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=lean%2:38:07:: | definition=cause to lean to the side | synonyms=list | examples=Erosion listed the old tree
2. sense_key=lean%2:42:01:: | definition=have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined | synonyms=tend, be given, incline, run | examples=She tends to be nervous before her lectures; These dresses run small
3. sense_key=lean%2:31:10:: | definition=rely on for support | examples=We can lean on this man
4. sense_key=lean%2:35:00:: | definition=cause to lean or incline | examples=He leaned his rifle against the wall
5. sense_key=lean%2:38:00:: | definition=to incline or bend from a vertical position | synonyms=tilt, tip, slant, angle | examples=She leaned over the banister

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `lean`
    *   Target surface form: `lean`
    *   Context: "...In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to <t>lean</t> Republican."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses voters' incentives to favor one political party over another based on economic theory (prisoner's dilemma). Earlier, it mentions an incentive "to lean Democratic."

    *   Sense 1: `cause to lean to the side` (list) - Physical movement.
    *   Sense 2: `have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined` (tend, be given, incline, run) - Metaphorical/Psychological inclination.
    *   Sense 3: `rely on for support` - Dependence.
    *   Sense 4: `cause to lean or incline` - Physical action.
    *   Sense 5: `to incline or bend from a vertical position` (tilt, tip, slant, angle) - Physical position.

    *   The phrase "lean Republican" (or "lean Democratic") in a political context means to have a preference or tendency to vote for or support a particular party.
    *   This matches Sense 2: "have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined."

    *   Sense 1: No (not physical listing).
    *   Sense 2: Yes (inclination/tendency).
    *   Sense 3: No (not relying on the party for support in a physical or emotional sense, but rather a voting preference).
    *   Sense 4: No (not causing something to lean).
    *   Sense 5: No (not bending from a vertical position).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: president
Target surface form: president
Context:
3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP <t>president</t> may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=president%1:18:01:: | definition=an executive officer of a firm or corporation
2. sense_key=president%1:18:02:: | definition=the head administrative officer of a college or university | synonyms=prexy
3. sense_key=president%1:18:00:: | definition=the chief executive of a republic
4. sense_key=president%1:18:04:: | definition=the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government | synonyms=President of the United States, United States President, Chief Executive | examples=the President likes to jog every morning
5. sense_key=president%1:18:03:: | definition=the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization | synonyms=chairman, chairwoman, chair, chairperson | examples=address your remarks to the chairperson
6. sense_key=president%1:04:04:: | definition=the office of the United States head of state | synonyms=President of the United States, Chief Executive | examples=a President is elected every four years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `president`
    *   Target surface form: `president`
    *   Context: "In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP <t>president</t> may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits."
    *   Key phrases: "races for the White House", "GOP president", "voter's particular district/state".

    *   Sense 1: Executive officer of a firm or corporation. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Head administrative officer of a college or university. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 3: Chief executive of a republic. (General)
    *   Sense 4: Person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government. (Specific to US)
    *   Sense 5: Officer who presides at meetings of an organization. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 6: The office of the United States head of state. (Refers to the office/institution, not the person).

    *   The context mentions "races for the White House" and "GOP president".
    *   "GOP" (Grand Old Party) refers specifically to the US Republican Party.
    *   "White House" is the official residence and workplace of the US President.
    *   The sentence "Although a GOP president may limit local benefits..." refers to the *person* holding the office (the individual who may limit benefits).
    *   Sense 4 refers to the *person* who holds the office of head of state of the US government.
    *   Sense 6 refers to the *office* itself.
    *   Sense 3 is a general definition of a president of any republic.

    *   Sense 4 is the most specific and accurate fit for a "GOP president" in the context of "races for the White House".

    *   Sense 4: "the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government"
    *   Sense 6: "the office of the United States head of state"
    *   The sentence says "a GOP president may limit local benefits... such a president is also likely to be more effective". This describes the actions and characteristics of the person holding the office, not the office itself.

    *   Sense 4 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: limit
Target surface form: limit
Context:
3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may <t>limit</t> local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=limit%2:30:00:: | definition=restrict or confine, | synonyms=circumscribe, confine | examples=I limit you to two visits to the pub a day
2. sense_key=limit%2:30:01:: | definition=place limits on (extent or access) | synonyms=restrict, restrain, trammel, bound, confine, throttle | examples=restrict the use of this parking lot; limit the time you can spend with your friends
3. sense_key=limit%2:32:00:: | definition=decide upon or fix definitely | synonyms=specify, set, determine, define, fix | examples=fix the variables; specify the parameters

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `limit`
    *   Target surface form: `limit`
    *   Context: "Although a GOP president may <t>limit</t> local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `limit%2:30:00::` (restrict or confine) - Example: "I limit you to two visits to the pub a day"
        2.  `limit%2:30:01::` (place limits on (extent or access)) - Example: "restrict the use of this parking lot; limit the time you can spend with your friends"
        3.  `limit%2:32:00::` (decide upon or fix definitely) - Example: "fix the variables; specify the parameters"

    *   The sentence discusses a GOP president's effect on "local benefits to the voter's particular district/state."
    *   The president may "limit" these benefits.
    *   In this context, "limit" means to reduce the amount, restrict the extent, or constrain the flow of benefits.

    *   Sense 1: "restrict or confine" (often used for people or specific counts/frequencies, e.g., "two visits").
    *   Sense 2: "place limits on (extent or access)" (often used for resources, time, or usage, e.g., "restrict the use of this parking lot").
    *   Sense 3: "decide upon or fix definitely" (setting a specific value or parameter).

    *   Sense 3 is clearly wrong (the president isn't "specifying" the benefits in a technical/definitional way, but rather restricting them).
    *   Sense 1 and Sense 2 are very similar.
    *   Sense 1 ("restrict or confine") often implies a boundary or a specific quota.
    *   Sense 2 ("place limits on (extent or access)") fits better with the idea of restricting the *extent* of benefits. "Local benefits" are an extent/amount of resources.

    *   Sense 1: "I limit you to two visits..." (Focus on the person being limited).
    *   Sense 2: "limit the time you can spend..." (Focus on the resource/extent being limited).
    *   In the context "limit local benefits", the object is the resource (benefits), not the person. This aligns more closely with Sense 2.

    *   Sense 1: restrict or confine.
    *   Sense 2: place limits on (extent or access).
    *   "Limit local benefits" = place limits on the extent of local benefits.

    *   Sense 1: `limit%2:30:00::`
    *   Sense 2: `limit%2:30:01::`
    *   Sense 3: `limit%2:32:00::`

    The context is about restricting the amount/extent of benefits. Sense 2 is the most precise fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: local
Target surface form: local
Context:
3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit <t>local</t> benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=local%3:00:02:: | definition=affecting only a restricted part or area of the body | examples=local anesthesia
2. sense_key=local%3:01:01:: | definition=of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood | examples=local customs; local schools
3. sense_key=local%3:00:01:: | definition=relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area | examples=local taxes; local authorities

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `local`
    *   Target surface form: `local`
    *   Context: "...Although a GOP president may limit <t>local</t> benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `local%3:00:02`: affecting only a restricted part or area of the body (e.g., local anesthesia).
        2.  `local%3:01:01`: of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood (e.g., local customs; local schools).
        3.  `local%3:00:01`: relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area (e.g., local taxes; local authorities).

    *   The text discusses congressional representatives, "local benefit-seeking", "local benefits", "voter's particular district/state", and "national policy making".
    *   The word "local" here refers to benefits directed toward a specific district or state, as opposed to national benefits.
    *   It's about political administration and resource allocation to specific districts/states.

    *   Sense 1: Medical/body-related. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Characteristic of a locality/neighborhood (e.g., customs, schools). This is more about culture or presence in a place.
    *   Sense 3: Relating to the administration of a city, town, or district rather than a larger area (e.g., local taxes, local authorities). This fits the context of "local benefits" (pork barrel spending) for a specific district/state in contrast to national policy.

    *   The context is about political representation and the distribution of resources (benefits) to specific districts/states.
    *   Sense 3 specifically mentions "administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area". This aligns perfectly with the contrast between "local benefits" (district/state level) and "national policy making".

    *   Sense 2 is more about "local" as in "nearby" or "characteristic of the area".
    *   Sense 3 is more about "local" as in "administrative level" (district vs. national).
    *   The phrase "local benefits" in the context of congressional representatives "bringing home the bacon" refers to administrative/budgetary allocations for a specific district. This is a matter of administrative jurisdiction/allocation.

    *   Sense 3 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: benefit
Target surface form: benefits
Context:
3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local <t>benefits</t> to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=benefit%1:07:00:: | definition=something that aids or promotes well-being | synonyms=welfare | examples=for the benefit of all
2. sense_key=benefit%1:10:00:: | definition=a performance to raise money for a charitable cause
3. sense_key=benefit%1:21:00:: | definition=financial assistance in time of need

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `benefit`
    *   Target surface form: `benefits`
    *   Context: The text discusses Republican vs. Democratic representatives and their willingness to engage in "local benefit-seeking" and "bringing home the bacon" (pork-barrel spending). It mentions that voters might acquire less in terms of "local benefits" if they elect a Republican, but a GOP president might limit "local benefits" to a district while lowering taxes.
    *   Key phrases: "local benefit-seeking", "bringing home the bacon", "local benefits".

    *   Sense 1: `benefit%1:07:00::` | definition: "something that aids or promotes well-being" | synonyms: "welfare" | examples: "for the benefit of all".
    *   Sense 2: `benefit%1:10:00::` | definition: "a performance to raise money for a charitable cause".
    *   Sense 3: `benefit%1:21:00::` | definition: "financial assistance in time of need".

    *   Sense 2 (charity performance) is completely irrelevant.
    *   Sense 3 (financial assistance in time of need) usually refers to social security, unemployment benefits, or welfare payments to individuals in crisis. While "local benefits" in politics involve money, it's not "assistance in time of need" in the social welfare sense; it's about infrastructure, grants, and projects (pork-barrel spending).
    *   Sense 1 (something that aids or promotes well-being) is a broad term. In the context of "local benefits" (pork-barrel spending), these are things (projects, funds, resources) that aid the well-being or economic status of a specific district.

    *   "Bringing home the bacon" refers to securing government spending for local projects. These projects are "benefits" to the district.
    *   Sense 1 is the most general and fits the description of advantages or gains (well-being/prosperity) brought to a constituency.
    *   Sense 3 is too specific to social safety nets.

    *   Sense 1: something that aids or promotes well-being. (Fits "local benefits" as advantages/gains for the district).
    *   Sense 3: financial assistance in time of need. (Does not fit the political context of pork-barrel spending).

    *   The context is about political gain and resource allocation to a district. Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: particular
Target surface form: particular
Context:
3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's <t>particular</t> district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=particular%5:00:00:fastidious:00 | definition=exacting especially about details | synonyms=finical, finicky, fussy, picky | examples=a finicky eater; fussy about clothes
2. sense_key=particular%5:00:00:uncommon:00 | definition=surpassing what is common or usual or expected | synonyms=especial, exceptional, special | examples=he paid especial attention to her; exceptional kindness
3. sense_key=particular%5:00:00:specific:00 | definition=unique or specific to a person or thing or category | synonyms=peculiar, special | examples=the particular demands of the job; has a particular preference for Chinese art
4. sense_key=particular%5:00:02:specific:00 | definition=separate and distinct from others of the same group or category | examples=interested in one particular artist; a man who wishes to make a particular woman fall in love with him
5. sense_key=particular%5:00:00:primary:00 | definition=first and most important | synonyms=special | examples=his special interest is music; she gets special (or particular) satisfaction from her volunteer work
6. sense_key=particular%5:00:00:careful:00 | definition=providing specific details or circumstances | examples=a particular description of the room

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target word: "particular"
    *   Context: "...a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's <t>particular</t> district/state..."
    *   Meaning: The word "particular" here refers to the specific district or state that the voter belongs to, distinguishing it from other districts or states.

    *   Sense 1: fastidious (exacting about details) - *Incorrect*
    *   Sense 2: uncommon (surpassing what is common) - *Incorrect*
    *   Sense 3: specific (unique or specific to a person or thing or category) - *Possible*
    *   Sense 4: specific (separate and distinct from others of the same group or category) - *Strong candidate*
    *   Sense 5: primary (first and most important) - *Incorrect*
    *   Sense 6: careful (providing specific details) - *Incorrect*

    *   Sense 3: "unique or specific to a person or thing or category" (e.g., "the particular demands of the job"). This often refers to characteristics.
    *   Sense 4: "separate and distinct from others of the same group or category" (e.g., "interested in one particular artist"). This refers to identifying one specific member of a group.

    *   In the phrase "the voter's particular district/state", the word "particular" is used to identify the specific district/state that belongs to the voter, distinguishing it from all other districts/states. This matches Sense 4 ("separate and distinct from others of the same group or category").

    *   Sense 3 is more about qualities/characteristics (peculiar to).
    *   Sense 4 is more about identification of a specific instance among many (one particular artist).
    *   "The voter's particular district" = "The specific district that is the voter's". This is an identification of one member of the set of all districts.

    *   Sense 4 fits best.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: president
Target surface form: president
Context:
3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a <t>president</t> is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=president%1:04:04:: | definition=the office of the United States head of state | synonyms=President of the United States, Chief Executive | examples=a President is elected every four years
2. sense_key=president%1:18:00:: | definition=the chief executive of a republic
3. sense_key=president%1:18:04:: | definition=the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government | synonyms=President of the United States, United States President, Chief Executive | examples=the President likes to jog every morning
4. sense_key=president%1:18:01:: | definition=an executive officer of a firm or corporation
5. sense_key=president%1:18:03:: | definition=the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization | synonyms=chairman, chairwoman, chair, chairperson | examples=address your remarks to the chairperson
6. sense_key=president%1:18:02:: | definition=the head administrative officer of a college or university | synonyms=prexy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `president`
    *   Target surface form: `president`
    *   Context: "In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a <t>president</t> is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits."
    *   Key phrases: "races for the White House", "GOP president", "districts/states".

    *   Sense 1: `president%1:04:04` - the *office* of the United States head of state. (Abstract concept of the office).
    *   Sense 2: `president%1:18:00` - the chief executive of a republic. (General).
    *   Sense 3: `president%1:18:04` - the *person* who holds the office of head of state of the United States government. (Specific person/role).
    *   Sense 4: `president%1:18:01` - executive officer of a firm or corporation. (Business).
    *   Sense 5: `president%1:18:03` - officer who presides at meetings of an organization. (Chairman).
    *   Sense 6: `president%1:18:02` - head administrative officer of a college or university. (Academic).

    *   The context mentions "races for the White House" and "GOP president".
    *   "GOP" (Grand Old Party) refers to the US Republican Party.
    *   "White House" is the official residence and workplace of the US President.
    *   The sentence "such a president is also likely to be more effective" refers to the *person* holding the office, not the office itself.

    *   Sense 1 is the *office* (the institution).
    *   Sense 3 is the *person* who holds the office.
    *   The context "a GOP president may limit... such a president is also likely to be more effective" clearly refers to the individual person/role holder.

    *   Sense 3 is the most specific and accurate fit for the US President (person).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: likely
Target surface form: likely
Context:
3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also <t>likely</t> to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=likely%5:00:00:prospective:00 | definition=expected to become or be; in prospect | synonyms=potential | examples=potential clients
2. sense_key=likely%3:00:04:: | definition=likely but not certain to be or become true or real | synonyms=probable | examples=a likely result; he foresaw a probable loss
3. sense_key=likely%5:00:00:credible:00 | definition=within the realm of credibility | examples=not a very likely excuse
4. sense_key=likely%3:00:00:: | definition=has a good chance of being the case or of coming about | examples=these services are likely to be available to us all before long; she is likely to forget

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `likely`
    *   Target surface form: `likely`
    *   Context: "...such a president is also <t>likely</t> to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits."

    *   Sense 1: `prospective` (expected to become or be; in prospect). Example: "potential clients". (Adjective describing a person/thing).
    *   Sense 2: `probable` (likely but not certain to be or become true or real). Example: "a likely result". (Adjective describing a result/outcome).
    *   Sense 3: `credible` (within the realm of credibility). Example: "not a very likely excuse". (Adjective describing a claim/excuse).
    *   Sense 4: `has a good chance of being the case or of coming about`. Example: "these services are likely to be available to us all before long; she is likely to forget". (Predicative adjective used with "be likely to").

    *   The sentence is: "...such a president is also <t>likely</t> to be more effective..."
    *   Structure: "[Subject] is likely to [verb phrase]".
    *   Meaning: There is a good chance that the president will be more effective.

    *   Sense 1 (prospective) doesn't fit the "is likely to be" construction.
    *   Sense 2 (probable) describes a result or a thing (e.g., "a likely outcome"), not usually used in the "X is likely to Y" construction in the same way Sense 4 is.
    *   Sense 3 (credible) refers to believability, which doesn't fit here.
    *   Sense 4 (has a good chance of being the case) perfectly matches the "is likely to be" construction and the meaning of probability in this context.

    *   Sense 4: "has a good chance of being the case or of coming about"
    *   Example: "she is likely to forget" matches "a president is also likely to be more effective".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: effective
Target surface form: effective
Context:
3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more <t>effective</t> at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=effective%3:00:00:: | definition=producing or capable of producing an intended result or having a striking effect; -LewisMumford | synonyms=effectual, efficacious | examples=an air-cooled motor was more effective than a witch's broomstick for rapid long-distance transportation; effective teaching methods
2. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:operational:00 | definition=ready for service | examples=the fort was held by about 100 effective soldiers
3. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:efficacious:00 | definition=works well as a means or remedy | examples=an effective reprimand; a lotion that is effective in cases of prickly heat
4. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:actual:00 | definition=existing in fact; not theoretical; real | examples=a decline in the effective demand; confused increased equipment and expenditure with the quantity of effective work done
5. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:competent:00 | definition=able to accomplish a purpose; functioning effectively; -G.B.Shaw | synonyms=efficient | examples=people who will do nothing unless they get something out of it for themselves are often highly effective persons...; effective personnel
6. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:operative:00 | definition=exerting force or influence | synonyms=good, in effect, in force | examples=the law is effective immediately; a warranty good for two years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target word: "effective"
    *   Context: "...such a president is also likely to be more <t>effective</t> at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits."
    *   Meaning: The president is capable of achieving the goal of preventing other districts from getting benefits.

    *   Sense 1: producing or capable of producing an intended result or having a striking effect (effectual, efficacious). Example: "effective teaching methods".
    *   Sense 2: ready for service (operational). Example: "effective soldiers".
    *   Sense 3: works well as a means or remedy (efficacious). Example: "an effective reprimand".
    *   Sense 4: existing in fact; not theoretical; real (actual). Example: "effective demand".
    *   Sense 5: able to accomplish a purpose; functioning effectively (competent, efficient). Example: "highly effective persons".
    *   Sense 6: exerting force or influence (operative). Example: "the law is effective immediately".

    *   The context describes a person (a president) who is "more effective at preventing..."
    *   This refers to the person's ability or competence to achieve a specific goal.
    *   Sense 1 is general ("producing an intended result").
    *   Sense 5 specifically mentions "able to accomplish a purpose" and "highly effective persons," which fits a person's capability/competence.
    *   Sense 3 is more about a "means or remedy" (like a lotion or a reprimand).
    *   Sense 2, 4, and 6 are clearly incorrect.

    *   Sense 1: "producing or capable of producing an intended result"
    *   Sense 5: "able to accomplish a purpose; functioning effectively... highly effective persons"
    *   In the context of a person (the president) being "effective at [doing something]," Sense 5 ("competent," "able to accomplish a purpose") is a more precise fit for human capability than the general Sense 1.

    *   Sense 1: "effective teaching methods" (the method is effective).
    *   Sense 5: "highly effective persons" (the person is effective).
    *   The target is "a president... is also likely to be more effective". This matches the "effective persons" example in Sense 5.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: prevent
Target surface form: preventing
Context:
3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at <t>preventing</t> other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=prevent%2:41:00:: | definition=stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state | synonyms=keep | examples=We must prevent the cancer from spreading; His snoring kept me from falling asleep
2. sense_key=prevent%2:41:01:: | definition=keep from happening or arising; make impossible | synonyms=forestall, foreclose, preclude, forbid | examples=My sense of tact forbids an honest answer; Your role in the projects precludes your involvement in the competitive project

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `prevent`
    *   Target surface form: `preventing`
    *   Context: "...such a president is also likely to be more effective at <t>preventing</t> other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `prevent%2:41:00`: stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state. (Synonym: keep; Example: "prevent the cancer from spreading")
        2.  `prevent%2:41:01`: keep from happening or arising; make impossible. (Synonyms: forestall, foreclose, preclude, forbid; Example: "precludes your involvement")

    *   The sentence is: "...preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits."
    *   Structure: `preventing [someone/something] from [doing something]`.
    *   The "someone/something" is "other districts/states and their legislators".
    *   The "doing something" is "bringing home the local benefits".

    *   Sense 1: "stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state". This matches the structure "preventing [someone] from [doing something]" perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "keep from happening or arising; make impossible". This usually refers to an event or a state, not necessarily a person/entity performing an action (though it can). However, the specific construction "prevent [X] from [Y-ing]" is the classic usage of Sense 1.

    *   Sense 1: "prevent the cancer from spreading" (prevent [something] from [doing something]).
    *   Context: "preventing other districts/states... from bringing home..."
    *   The match is very strong.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: other
Target surface form: other
Context:
3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing <t>other</t> districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=belonging to the distant past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
2. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening
3. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "other"
    *   Target surface form: "other"
    *   Context: "...such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing <t>other</t> districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `other%5:00:02:past:00`: belonging to the distant past (early, former).
        2.  `other%5:00:00:past:00`: recently past.
        3.  `other%3:00:00::`: not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied.
        4.  `other%5:00:00:strange:00`: very unusual; different in character or quality.

    *   The sentence is: "...preventing <t>other</t> districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits."
    *   The context discusses a voter's particular district/state versus *different* districts/states.
    *   "Other" here means "additional" or "different from the one already mentioned" (the voter's particular district/state).

    *   Sense 1 (distant past): Incorrect.
    *   Sense 2 (recently past): Incorrect.
    *   Sense 3 (not the same one or ones already mentioned): Correct. This fits perfectly. "Other districts/states" means districts/states that are not the voter's own.
    *   Sense 4 (strange/unusual): Incorrect.

    *   The best fit is sense 3.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: local
Target surface form: local
Context:
3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the <t>local</t> benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=local%3:00:01:: | definition=relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area | examples=local taxes; local authorities
2. sense_key=local%3:00:02:: | definition=affecting only a restricted part or area of the body | examples=local anesthesia
3. sense_key=local%3:01:01:: | definition=of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood | examples=local customs; local schools

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `local`
    *   Target surface form: `local`
    *   Context: "...Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the <t>local</t> benefits."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `local%3:00:01`: relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area (e.g., local taxes, local authorities).
        2.  `local%3:00:02`: affecting only a restricted part or area of the body (e.g., local anesthesia).
        3.  `local%3:01:01`: of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood (e.g., local customs, local schools).

    *   The text discusses congressional representatives, "local benefit-seeking," "local benefits," and "bringing home the bacon" to their "respective constituencies" (districts/states).
    *   The specific sentence is: "...preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the <t>local</t> benefits."
    *   Here, "local benefits" refers to resources, funding, or projects directed toward a specific congressional district or state (the "locality" represented by the legislator).

    *   Sense 1: "relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area." This fits well because it mentions "district" and "administration" (bringing home benefits is an administrative/political act for a district).
    *   Sense 2: "affecting only a restricted part or area of the body." (Incorrect - not medical).
    *   Sense 3: "of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood." (This is more about characteristics, customs, or schools, rather than administrative/political benefits for a district).

    *   The context is about political representation and the allocation of resources to specific districts/states.
    *   "Local benefits" in this political science/economic context refers to "pork barrel" spending—funds allocated to a specific district.
    *   Sense 1 specifically mentions "administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area." This aligns perfectly with the contrast between "local benefits" and "national policy making" mentioned earlier in the text.

    *   Sense 1: Administration of a district.
    *   Sense 3: Characteristic of a locality.
    *   The "benefits" are not "characteristic" of the locality; they are resources allocated *to* the district's administration/infrastructure. Sense 1 is the stronger fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: benefit
Target surface form: benefits
Context:
3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local <t>benefits</t>. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=benefit%1:07:00:: | definition=something that aids or promotes well-being | synonyms=welfare | examples=for the benefit of all
2. sense_key=benefit%1:10:00:: | definition=a performance to raise money for a charitable cause
3. sense_key=benefit%1:21:00:: | definition=financial assistance in time of need

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `benefit`
    *   Target surface form: `benefits`
    *   Context: The text discusses political representatives, "local benefit-seeking," "bringing home the bacon," and the trade-off between local benefits and lower taxes. Specifically, the target word appears in: "...preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local <t>benefits</t>."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `benefit%1:07:00::` - something that aids or promotes well-being (synonym: welfare).
        2.  `benefit%1:10:00::` - a performance to raise money for a charitable cause.
        3.  `benefit%1:21:00::` - financial assistance in time of need.

    *   The context refers to "local benefits" and "bringing home the bacon." In political science/economics, "bringing home the bacon" refers to pork-barrel spending—government spending for localized projects secured by a representative for their district.
    *   These "benefits" are things that aid the well-being or economic status of the local district (infrastructure, grants, etc.).
    *   Sense 2 (charity performance) is completely irrelevant.
    *   Sense 3 (financial assistance in time of need) usually refers to social security, unemployment benefits, or welfare payments to individuals in crisis. While "pork" is financial, it's not "assistance in time of need" in the social welfare sense.
    *   Sense 1 (something that aids or promotes well-being) is a broad term that encompasses advantages, gains, or assets provided to a group or individual. In the context of "local benefits" (pork-barrel projects), these are things that promote the well-being/prosperity of the district.

    *   "Local benefits" in this context means advantages or gains secured for a specific constituency.
    *   Sense 1: "something that aids or promotes well-being" fits best as a general term for these advantages.

    *   Sense 1: General advantage/well-being.
    *   Sense 2: Charity show.
    *   Sense 3: Welfare/Social assistance.
    *   The context is about political "pork," which are advantages/gains for a district. Sense 1 is the most appropriate general category.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: individual
Target surface form: individual
Context:
If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The <t>individual</t> voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=individual%5:00:00:unshared:00 | definition=characteristic of or meant for a single person or thing | synonyms=single | examples=an individual serving; single occupancy
2. sense_key=individual%5:00:00:personal:00 | definition=concerning one person exclusively | synonyms=private | examples=we all have individual cars; each room has a private bath
3. sense_key=individual%5:00:00:independent:00 | definition=separate and distinct from others of the same kind | synonyms=case-by-case, item-by-item | examples=mark the individual pages; on a case-by-case basis
4. sense_key=individual%3:00:00:: | definition=being or characteristic of a single thing or person | synonyms=single | examples=individual drops of rain; please mark the individual pages

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `individual`
    *   Target surface form: `individual`
    *   Context: "The <t>individual</t> voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `individual%5:00:00:unshared:00`: characteristic of or meant for a single person or thing (synonym: single; example: an individual serving).
        2.  `individual%5:00:00:personal:00`: concerning one person exclusively (synonym: private; example: we all have individual cars).
        3.  `individual%5:00:00:independent:00`: separate and distinct from others of the same kind (synonym: case-by-case, item-by-item; example: mark the individual pages).
        4.  `individual%3:00:00::`: being or characteristic of a single thing or person (synonym: single; example: individual drops of rain).

    *   The sentence is: "The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes."
    *   Here, "individual" modifies "voter".
    *   It refers to a single voter as opposed to the collective group of voters or the electorate as a whole.
    *   It emphasizes the perspective of one person within the group.

    *   Sense 1: "characteristic of or meant for a single person or thing" (e.g., "individual serving"). This is more about portions or specific allocations.
    *   Sense 2: "concerning one person exclusively" (e.g., "individual cars"). This is more about ownership or privacy.
    *   Sense 3: "separate and distinct from others of the same kind" (e.g., "individual pages"). This is about distinguishing items in a set.
    *   Sense 4: "being or characteristic of a single thing or person" (e.g., "individual drops of rain"). This is a general descriptor for a single unit of a larger group.

    *   The context "The individual voter" means "a single voter" or "each voter" as a distinct unit of the voting population.
    *   Sense 4 ("being or characteristic of a single thing or person") fits best because it describes the voter as a single entity.
    *   Sense 3 ("separate and distinct") is close, but "individual voter" isn't necessarily about distinguishing one voter from another in a case-by-case manner, but rather about the effect on a single person.
    *   Sense 1 ("meant for a single person") doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 2 ("concerning one person exclusively") doesn't fit.

    *   Sense 4: "being or characteristic of a single thing or person". Example: "individual drops of rain".
    *   In "the individual voter", "individual" characterizes the voter as a single person.

    *   Wait, let me re-evaluate Sense 3 vs Sense 4.
    *   Sense 3: "separate and distinct from others of the same kind".
    *   Sense 4: "being or characteristic of a single thing or person".
    *   In the context of "the individual voter's standing", the author is contrasting the collective (the electorate/districts) with the single person.
    *   Sense 4 is the most general and fits the usage of "individual" as an adjective meaning "single".

    *   Sense 1: `individual%5:00:00:unshared:00`
    *   Sense 2: `individual%5:00:00:personal:00`
    *   Sense 3: `individual%5:00:00:independent:00`
    *   Sense 4: `individual%3:00:00::`

    *   Looking at the examples for Sense 4: "individual drops of rain". This is exactly how "individual voter" is used—identifying a single unit of a larger group.

    *   Sense 3 examples: "mark the individual pages". This is more about treating items separately.
    *   Sense 4 examples: "individual drops of rain". This is about the nature of the item being a single unit.

    *   The context "The individual voter's standing" refers to the standing of a single person. Sense 4 is the best fit.