[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: decision
Target surface form: decision
Context:
The advantage, obviously, consists in the fact that the players will begin the following phase of the Championship without cards that could threaten their participation in a future game. But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic <t>decision</t> without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=decision%1:11:02:: | definition=(boxing) a victory won on points when no knockout has occurred | examples=had little trouble in taking a unanimous decision over his opponent
2. sense_key=decision%1:07:00:: | definition=the trait of resoluteness as evidenced by firmness of character or purpose | synonyms=decisiveness | examples=a man of unusual decisiveness
3. sense_key=decision%1:09:00:: | definition=a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration | synonyms=determination, conclusion | examples=a decision unfavorable to the opposition; his conclusion took the evidence into account
4. sense_key=decision%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of making up your mind about something | synonyms=determination, conclusion | examples=the burden of decision was his; he drew his conclusions quickly
5. sense_key=decision%1:11:01:: | definition=the outcome of a game or contest | examples=the team dropped three decisions in a row

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `decision`
    *   Context: "They made a strategic <t>decision</t> without avoiding the punishment."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses players strategically timing when to serve a sanction (suspension) to gain an advantage in a championship. It mentions "strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules."

    *   Sense 1: (boxing) victory won on points. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: trait of resoluteness (decisiveness). (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 3: a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration (determination, conclusion).
    *   Sense 4: the act of making up your mind about something (determination, conclusion).
    *   Sense 5: the outcome of a game or contest. (Incorrect)

    *   The sentence is "They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment."
    *   This refers to the *choice* or the *act of choosing* a specific course of action (when to obey the sanction).
    *   Sense 3 focuses on the *result* of the thinking process (the judgment/position reached).
    *   Sense 4 focuses on the *act* of making up one's mind.

    *   "They made a strategic decision" usually refers to the choice itself (the result of the deliberation).
    *   Looking at the synonyms:
        *   Sense 3: determination, conclusion.
        *   Sense 4: determination, conclusion.
    *   Wait, the synonyms are identical in the provided list. Let's look at the definitions again.
    *   Sense 3: "a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration"
    *   Sense 4: "the act of making up your mind about something"

    *   In "They made a strategic decision", "decision" is the object of "made".
    *   Usually, "making a decision" refers to the process/act (Sense 4) or the resulting choice (Sense 3).
    *   However, "strategic decision" as a noun phrase typically refers to the *choice* made (the judgment/conclusion reached), rather than the *act* of deciding.
    *   Example for Sense 3: "a decision unfavorable to the opposition".
    *   Example for Sense 4: "the burden of decision was his".

    *   Let's re-read: "Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules."
    *   Here, "strategic decisions" refers to the choices/judgments made by the team.
    *   "They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment."
    *   This refers to the specific choice they arrived at.

    *   Sense 3: "a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration"
    *   Sense 4: "the act of making up your mind about something"
    *   If you "make a decision", you are performing the act (Sense 4), but the "decision" itself is the result (Sense 3).
    *   In "strategic decision", the adjective "strategic" modifies the result/choice.

    *   Sense 3 is often used for the *result* (the choice).
    *   Sense 4 is often used for the *process/act*.
    *   "They made a strategic decision" -> The "decision" is the thing they made. The thing they made is the choice/judgment.

    *   Sense 3: "a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration"
    *   Sense 4: "the act of making up your mind about something"
    *   In the context of "strategic decision", it's the judgment/conclusion reached.

    *   Sense 3: "a decision unfavorable to the opposition" (The result)
    *   Sense 4: "the burden of decision was his" (The act/responsibility of deciding)
    *   "They made a strategic decision" fits better with the result of the deliberation (Sense 3).

    *   Wait, let me double-check. "Make a decision" is a very common collocation. Does "decision" in "make a decision" refer to the act or the result?
    *   If I say "I made a decision to go", the "decision" is the choice I reached.
    *   If I say "The decision was difficult", it could be the act or the result.
    *   "Strategic decision" strongly implies the *content* of the choice (the judgment), which aligns with Sense 3.

    *   Sense 3: position, opinion, judgment reached.
    *   Sense 4: act of making up your mind.
    *   "Strategic decision" = a judgment reached after consideration of strategy.

    *   Sense 3: judgment reached after consideration.
    *   Sense 4: act of making up your mind.
    *   The context "strategic decisions that favor taking advantages" suggests the choices themselves.

    *   Sense 3: judgment reached.
    *   Sense 4: act of making up your mind.
    *   "They made a strategic decision" -> They reached a judgment.

    *   Sense 3: "a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration"
    *   Sense 4: "the act of making up your mind about something"
    *   In "They made a strategic decision", "decision" is the result of the act of deciding. Therefore, Sense 3 is the most precise.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: law
Target surface form: law
Context:
But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the <t>law</t> fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=law%1:14:01:: | definition=the force of policemen and officers | synonyms=police, police force, constabulary | examples=the law came looking for him
2. sense_key=law%1:14:00:: | definition=the collection of rules imposed by authority | synonyms=jurisprudence | examples=civilization presupposes respect for the law; the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order
3. sense_key=law%1:10:00:: | definition=legal document setting forth rules governing a particular kind of activity | examples=there is a law against kidnapping
4. sense_key=law%1:09:00:: | definition=a rule or body of rules of conduct inherent in human nature and essential to or binding upon human society | synonyms=natural law
5. sense_key=law%1:09:02:: | definition=the branch of philosophy concerned with the law and the principles that lead courts to make the decisions they do | synonyms=jurisprudence, legal philosophy
6. sense_key=law%1:04:00:: | definition=the learned profession that is mastered by graduate study in a law school and that is responsible for the judicial system | synonyms=practice of law | examples=he studied law at Yale
7. sense_key=law%1:09:01:: | definition=a generalization that describes recurring facts or events in nature | synonyms=law of nature | examples=the laws of thermodynamics

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `law`
    *   Target surface form: `law`
    *   Context: "...Although the border between the wittiness and the <t>law</t> fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses sports rules, sanctions, "legal fraud," and strategic decisions to avoid or time punishments. The phrase "law fraud" is used.

    *   Sense 1: Police force (not applicable).
    *   Sense 2: Collection of rules imposed by authority (jurisprudence).
    *   Sense 3: Legal document setting forth rules governing a particular kind of activity (e.g., a specific law against kidnapping).
    *   Sense 4: Natural law/rules inherent in human nature (not applicable).
    *   Sense 5: Philosophy of law (not applicable).
    *   Sense 6: The profession of law (not applicable).
    *   Sense 7: Law of nature/science (not applicable).

    *   The phrase is "law fraud". In many languages (like Spanish "fraude de ley"), this refers to a specific legal concept where one uses a legal rule to achieve a result prohibited by the law or to circumvent the spirit of the law.
    *   The context mentions "legal fraud" earlier: "...this would have been a clear case of legal fraud...".
    *   The discussion is about rules of a game (sporting spirit, rules, sanctions).
    *   "Law fraud" here refers to the system of rules/regulations (the "law" of the game or the legal system in general).
    *   Comparing Sense 2 (collection of rules imposed by authority) and Sense 3 (a specific legal document/statute).
    *   "Law fraud" (fraude de ley) usually refers to the manipulation of the *legal system* or the *body of rules* (Sense 2) rather than a specific statute (Sense 3). However, in the context of sports, it's about the rules of the game.
    *   Sense 2: "the collection of rules imposed by authority".
    *   Sense 3: "legal document setting forth rules governing a particular kind of activity".
    *   The phrase "law fraud" is likely a translation of "fraude de ley". In legal terms, "fraude de ley" is the act of using a legal rule to evade another rule or the purpose of the law. This relates to the *system* of rules (Sense 2).

    *   Sense 2 is broader and covers the concept of "the law" as a system of rules.
    *   Sense 3 is a specific "law" (a statute).
    *   The context "the border between the wittiness and the law fraud" suggests a conceptual boundary regarding the application of rules.

    *   Wait, looking at the phrase "law fraud" again. It's a bit awkward in English. It's almost certainly a translation of "fraude de ley".
    *   "Fraude de ley" is a concept in civil law systems. It means using a legal rule to circumvent another rule.
    *   This fits Sense 2 (the collection of rules/jurisprudence) better than Sense 3 (a specific act/document).

    *   Sense 2: "the collection of rules imposed by authority"
    *   Sense 3: "legal document setting forth rules governing a particular kind of activity"
    *   If the author meant a specific rule, they would likely say "fraud of the rule" or "breaking the law" (Sense 3). But "law fraud" as a concept points to the system.

    *   Let's re-read: "Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it... Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse..."
    *   The author uses "legal fraud" and "law fraud" interchangeably.
    *   "Legal fraud" usually refers to the system of law.
    *   Sense 2 is the most appropriate for the general concept of "the law" as a system of rules.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: fraud
Target surface form: fraud
Context:
But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law <t>fraud</t> is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=fraud%1:04:00:: | definition=intentional deception resulting in injury to another person
2. sense_key=fraud%1:04:01:: | definition=something intended to deceive; deliberate trickery intended to gain an advantage | synonyms=fraudulence, dupery, hoax, humbug, put-on
3. sense_key=fraud%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who makes deceitful pretenses | synonyms=imposter, impostor, pretender, fake, faker, sham

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `fraud`
    *   Target surface form: `fraud`
    *   Context: The text discusses a sports situation where players strategically chose when to serve a suspension. The author argues that this was "wittiness" rather than "legal fraud" or "law fraud."
    *   Specific sentence: "Although the border between the wittiness and the law <t>fraud</t> is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness."
    *   Previous sentence: "...the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it."

    *   Sense 1: `fraud%1:04:00::` - intentional deception resulting in injury to another person (often refers to the crime/act of fraud).
    *   Sense 2: `fraud%1:04:01::` - something intended to deceive; deliberate trickery intended to gain an advantage (fraudulence, dupery, hoax).
    *   Sense 3: `fraud%1:18:00::` - a person who makes deceitful pretenses (imposter, fake).

    *   The context refers to "legal fraud" and "law fraud."
    *   It's contrasting "wittiness" (cleverness) with "fraud" (deception/trickery to bypass rules).
    *   It is clearly not referring to a *person* (Sense 3).
    *   The distinction between Sense 1 and Sense 2:
        *   Sense 1 emphasizes "injury to another person" (often used in a legal/criminal context).
        *   Sense 2 emphasizes "deliberate trickery intended to gain an advantage."
    *   In the context of "legal fraud" (avoiding a sanction to gain a strategic advantage in a tournament), it fits the description of "deliberate trickery intended to gain an advantage" (Sense 2) or the legal definition of fraud (Sense 1).
    *   However, "legal fraud" usually refers to the act of deception to gain an advantage or avoid a duty.
    *   Looking at the phrasing "the border between the wittiness and the law fraud", the author is talking about the *nature* of the act (trickery vs. cleverness).
    *   Sense 2 ("something intended to deceive; deliberate trickery intended to gain an advantage") aligns perfectly with the contrast between "wittiness" and "fraud" in a strategic sports context. Sense 1's "injury to another person" is a bit too narrow/specific to criminal law, whereas Sense 2 covers the general concept of trickery for advantage.

    *   Sense 1: Intentional deception resulting in injury.
    *   Sense 2: Something intended to deceive; deliberate trickery intended to gain an advantage.
    *   The text says: "...the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud)..."
    *   Avoiding a sanction to gain a strategic advantage is "deliberate trickery intended to gain an advantage."

    *   Sense 1 is often used for the crime of fraud.
    *   Sense 2 is the quality or the act of being fraudulent/deceptive.
    *   In "the border between the wittiness and the law fraud", "fraud" is used as a noun describing the act/concept.
    *   Comparing "wittiness" (a quality/characteristic of an action) with "fraud", Sense 2 ("something intended to deceive") fits better as a conceptual counterpart to "wittiness" than Sense 1 ("intentional deception resulting in injury").

    *   Sense 1: Crime/Injury.
    *   Sense 2: Trickery/Advantage.
    *   The context is about gaining a strategic advantage in a sports tournament. Sense 2 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: occasion
Target surface form: occasion
Context:
But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this <t>occasion</t> I believe it was a clear case of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=occasion%1:28:00:: | definition=the time of a particular event | examples=on the occasion of his 60th birthday
2. sense_key=occasion%1:26:00:: | definition=an opportunity to do something | examples=there was never an occasion for her to demonstrate her skill
3. sense_key=occasion%1:11:01:: | definition=a vaguely specified social event | synonyms=affair, social occasion, function, social function | examples=the party was quite an affair; an occasion arranged to honor the president
4. sense_key=occasion%1:11:00:: | definition=an event that occurs at a critical time | synonyms=juncture | examples=at such junctures he always had an impulse to leave; it was needed only on special occasions
5. sense_key=occasion%1:16:00:: | definition=reason | examples=there was no occasion for complaint

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `occasion`
    *   Target surface form: `occasion`
    *   Context: "...Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this <t>occasion</t> I believe it was a clear case of wittiness."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `the time of a particular event` (e.g., "on the occasion of his 60th birthday")
        2.  `an opportunity to do something` (e.g., "there was never an occasion for her to demonstrate her skill")
        3.  `a vaguely specified social event` (e.g., "the party was quite an affair")
        4.  `an event that occurs at a critical time` (synonym: `juncture`)
        5.  `reason` (e.g., "there was no occasion for complaint")

    *   The text discusses a specific situation involving sports rules, sanctions, and strategic decisions (auto-expulsions).
    *   The author is analyzing a specific instance or case: "in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness."
    *   "In this occasion" here means "in this particular instance," "in this case," or "at this particular time/event."

    *   Sense 1: `the time of a particular event`. This fits well. "In this occasion" $\approx$ "at this time/event".
    *   Sense 2: `an opportunity to do something`. Doesn't fit. The author isn't talking about an opportunity.
    *   Sense 3: `a vaguely specified social event`. Definitely not a social event (party, function).
    *   Sense 4: `an event that occurs at a critical time` (juncture). While it's a specific point in time, "juncture" usually implies a turning point or a critical moment. This is more of a "case" or "instance."
    *   Sense 5: `reason`. Doesn't fit. "In this reason" is not how it's used.

    *   Sense 1: "the time of a particular event".
    *   Sense 4: "an event that occurs at a critical time" (juncture).
    *   Looking at the phrase "in this occasion", it's often used as a synonym for "on this occasion" or "in this instance".
    *   Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 4: Sense 1 is more general ("the time of a particular event"). Sense 4 is more specific ("critical time"). The context is a specific case/instance of a rule being applied.
    *   Wait, let's look at Sense 1 again: "the time of a particular event". Example: "on the occasion of his 60th birthday".
    *   Let's look at Sense 4 again: "an event that occurs at a critical time". Example: "at such junctures".
    *   Actually, in many contexts, "on this occasion" means "this time" or "in this instance".
    *   Is there a better fit? Let's re-read the context: "Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness."
    *   This is essentially saying "in this instance" or "this time".
    *   Sense 1 ("the time of a particular event") is the closest match for "this instance/this time".

    *   Sense 1: `the time of a particular event`
    *   Sense 2: `opportunity`
    *   Sense 3: `social event`
    *   Sense 4: `critical time/juncture`
    *   Sense 5: `reason`

    The usage "in this occasion" (though "on this occasion" is more standard English) clearly refers to the specific instance/event being discussed. Sense 1 is the most general and accurate description of a particular event/time.

    *Self-Correction:* Is it Sense 4? "an event that occurs at a critical time". The situation described (strategic auto-expulsions) is a specific event, but is it a "critical time" or "juncture"? Not necessarily. It's just the specific case being analyzed. Sense 1 is the standard meaning for "this occasion" meaning "this time".

    *Wait*, let me double-check Sense 1 vs Sense 4 again.
    Sense 1: "the time of a particular event"
    Sense 4: "an event that occurs at a critical time"
    Example for 1: "on the occasion of his 60th birthday"
    Example for 4: "at such junctures he always had an impulse to leave"

    The context "in this occasion" is used to refer to the specific case/instance of the players' actions. This aligns best with Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: case
Target surface form: case
Context:
But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear <t>case</t> of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=case%1:09:00:: | definition=the actual state of things | examples=that was not the case
2. sense_key=case%1:06:06:: | definition=the housing or outer covering of something | synonyms=shell, casing | examples=the clock has a walnut case
3. sense_key=case%1:18:03:: | definition=a person requiring professional services | examples=a typical case was the suburban housewife described by a marriage counselor
4. sense_key=case%1:06:03:: | definition=(printing) the receptacle in which a compositor has his type, which is divided into compartments for the different letters, spaces, or numbers | synonyms=compositor's case, typesetter's case | examples=for English, a compositor will ordinarily have two such cases, the upper case containing the capitals and the lower case containing the small letters
5. sense_key=case%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who is subjected to experimental or other observational procedures; someone who is an object of investigation | synonyms=subject, guinea pig | examples=the subjects for this investigation were selected randomly; the cases that we studied were drawn from two different communities
6. sense_key=case%1:26:02:: | definition=a specific state of mind that is temporary | examples=a case of the jitters
7. sense_key=case%1:18:04:: | definition=a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities) | synonyms=character, eccentric, type | examples=a real character; a strange character
8. sense_key=case%1:11:00:: | definition=an occurrence of something | synonyms=instance, example | examples=it was a case of bad judgment; another instance occurred yesterday
9. sense_key=case%1:26:00:: | definition=a special set of circumstances | synonyms=event | examples=in that event, the first possibility is excluded; it may rain in which case the picnic will be canceled
10. sense_key=case%1:06:00:: | definition=a portable container for carrying several objects | examples=the musicians left their instrument cases backstage
11. sense_key=case%1:06:01:: | definition=a glass container used to store and display items in a shop or museum or home | synonyms=display case, showcase, vitrine
12. sense_key=case%1:04:00:: | definition=a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy | synonyms=lawsuit, suit, cause, causa | examples=the family brought suit against the landlord
13. sense_key=case%1:10:00:: | definition=nouns or pronouns or adjectives (often marked by inflection) related in some way to other words in a sentence | synonyms=grammatical case
14. sense_key=case%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity contained in a case | synonyms=caseful
15. sense_key=case%1:10:02:: | definition=a problem requiring investigation | examples=Perry Mason solved the case of the missing heir
16. sense_key=case%1:10:03:: | definition=a specific size and style of type within a type family | synonyms=font, fount, typeface, face
17. sense_key=case%1:06:07:: | definition=the enclosing frame around a door or window opening | synonyms=casing | examples=the casings had rotted away and had to be replaced
18. sense_key=case%1:06:02:: | definition=bed linen consisting of a cover for a pillow | synonyms=pillowcase, slip, pillow slip | examples=the burglar carried his loot in a pillowcase
19. sense_key=case%1:10:01:: | definition=a statement of facts and reasons used to support an argument | examples=he stated his case clearly
20. sense_key=case%1:08:00:: | definition=an enveloping structure or covering enclosing an animal or plant organ or part | synonyms=sheath

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 8}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 8}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target word: "case"
    *   Context: "...this would have been a clear case of legal fraud... in this occasion I believe it was a clear <t>case</t> of wittiness."
    *   The sentence compares "legal fraud" and "wittiness" as types of "cases."
    *   The author is categorizing a specific situation or occurrence.

    *   1: actual state of things ("that was not the case") - No.
    *   2: housing/outer covering - No.
    *   3: person requiring professional services - No.
    *   4: printing receptacle - No.
    *   5: person subjected to experimental procedures - No.
    *   6: temporary state of mind ("case of the jitters") - No.
    *   7: person of a specified kind (eccentric) - No.
    *   8: an occurrence of something (synonyms: instance, example) - "a clear case of wittiness" fits here.
    *   9: a special set of circumstances (synonyms: event) - "in which case" (conditional). Not quite.
    *   10: portable container - No.
    *   11: glass container - No.
    *   12: proceeding in a court of law (lawsuit) - While "legal fraud" is mentioned, the author is using "case" to describe the *nature* of the act, not a lawsuit itself.
    *   13: grammatical case - No.
    *   14: quantity in a case - No.
    *   15: problem requiring investigation (detective case) - No.
    *   16: font/typeface - No.
    *   17: frame around door/window - No.
    *   18: pillowcase - No.
    *   19: statement of facts to support an argument - No.
    *   20: enveloping structure (biology) - No.

    *   Sense 8: "an occurrence of something" (synonyms: instance, example). Example: "it was a case of bad judgment".
    *   Context: "a clear case of wittiness".
    *   This matches perfectly. The author is saying the situation is an instance or example of wittiness.

    *   Sense 9 ("special set of circumstances") is often used for conditional "in which case".
    *   Sense 12 ("lawsuit") is tempted because of "legal fraud", but the sentence says "a clear case of legal fraud" meaning "an instance of legal fraud", not "a lawsuit about legal fraud".

    *   Sense 8 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: factor
Target surface form: factors
Context:
So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two <t>factors</t>: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them. The damage brought about to the principles of the sport by these actions is not as much ethical as aesthetic.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=factor%1:09:01:: | definition=an independent variable in statistics
2. sense_key=factor%1:11:00:: | definition=anything that contributes causally to a result | examples=a number of factors determined the outcome
3. sense_key=factor%1:23:00:: | definition=one of two or more integers that can be exactly divided into another integer | synonyms=divisor | examples=what are the 4 factors of 6?
4. sense_key=factor%1:09:00:: | definition=an abstract part of something | synonyms=component, constituent, element, ingredient | examples=jealousy was a component of his character; two constituents of a musical composition are melody and harmony
5. sense_key=factor%1:23:01:: | definition=any of the numbers (or symbols) that form a product when multiplied together
6. sense_key=factor%1:08:00:: | definition=(genetics) a segment of DNA that is involved in producing a polypeptide chain; it can include regions preceding and following the coding DNA as well as introns between the exons; it is considered a unit of heredity | synonyms=gene, cistron | examples=genes were formerly called factors
7. sense_key=factor%1:18:00:: | definition=a businessman who buys or sells for another in exchange for a commission | synonyms=agent, broker

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `factor`
    *   Target surface form: `factors`
    *   Context: "The controversy seems to arise from two <t>factors</t>: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `factor%1:09:01::`: independent variable in statistics.
        2.  `factor%1:11:00::`: anything that contributes causally to a result.
        3.  `factor%1:23:00::`: integer divisor.
        4.  `factor%1:09:00::`: an abstract part of something (component, constituent, element).
        5.  `factor%1:23:01::`: numbers multiplied together.
        6.  `factor%1:08:00::`: genetics (gene).
        7.  `factor%1:18:00::`: businessman (agent, broker).

    *   The sentence says: "The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them."
    *   The "factors" here are the reasons or causes why the controversy arose.
    *   Sense 2: "anything that contributes causally to a result" fits perfectly. The "result" is the controversy, and the "factors" are the causes.
    *   Sense 4: "an abstract part of something" (component, constituent). While a cause can be seen as a component of a situation, "contributes causally to a result" is a much more precise fit for "arise from".

    *   Sense 1: Statistics? No.
    *   Sense 2: Causal contribution? Yes.
    *   Sense 3: Math (divisor)? No.
    *   Sense 4: Abstract part? Possible, but Sense 2 is better for "arise from".
    *   Sense 5: Math (multiplication)? No.
    *   Sense 6: Genetics? No.
    *   Sense 7: Business agent? No.

    *   The phrase "arise from two factors" strongly indicates causality.
    *   Sense 2 definition: "anything that contributes causally to a result".
    *   Example for Sense 2: "a number of factors determined the outcome". This matches the structure of the target sentence.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: expulsion
Target surface form: expulsions
Context:
So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto <t>expulsions</t> and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them. The damage brought about to the principles of the sport by these actions is not as much ethical as aesthetic.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=expulsion%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of expelling or projecting or ejecting | synonyms=projection, ejection, forcing out
2. sense_key=expulsion%1:04:02:: | definition=squeezing out by applying pressure | synonyms=extrusion | examples=an unexpected extrusion of toothpaste from the bottom of the tube; the expulsion of pus from the pimple
3. sense_key=expulsion%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of forcing out someone or something | synonyms=ejection, exclusion, riddance | examples=the ejection of troublemakers by the police; the child's expulsion from school

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `expulsion`
    *   Target surface form: `expulsions`
    *   Context: The text discusses sporting spirit, strategic decisions, sanctions, and punishments. Specifically, it mentions "two auto expulsions" in the context of a sport where players are being penalized or removed from play.
    *   Candidate Senses:
        1.  `expulsion%1:04:00`: the act of expelling or projecting or ejecting (general physical projection).
        2.  `expulsion%1:04:02`: squeezing out by applying pressure (extrusion).
        3.  `expulsion%1:04:01`: the act of forcing out someone or something (ejection, exclusion, riddance). Examples: ejection of troublemakers, expulsion from school.

    *   The context is about sports, sanctions, and punishments.
    *   "Auto expulsions" likely refers to players being removed from a game or a match (e.g., red cards in soccer, or similar penalties in other sports).
    *   Sense 1 is too general/physical (like projecting a missile).
    *   Sense 2 is about physical pressure (like toothpaste).
    *   Sense 3 is about forcing someone out (like from school or by police), which fits the context of a player being removed from a game as a sanction.

    *   Sense 3: "the act of forcing out someone or something" (synonyms: ejection, exclusion). This perfectly matches the sporting context of being sent off the field.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: way
Target surface form: way
Context:
So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the <t>way</t> the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them. The damage brought about to the principles of the sport by these actions is not as much ethical as aesthetic.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=way%1:15:00:: | definition=a line leading to a place or point | synonyms=direction | examples=he looked the other direction; didn't know the way home
2. sense_key=way%1:23:00:: | definition=space for movement | synonyms=room, elbow room | examples=room to pass; make way for
3. sense_key=way%1:09:01:: | definition=a general category of things; used in the expression `in the way of' | examples=they didn't have much in the way of clothing
4. sense_key=way%1:04:01:: | definition=how a result is obtained or an end is achieved | synonyms=means, agency | examples=a means of control; an example is the best agency of instruction
5. sense_key=way%1:04:00:: | definition=a course of conduct | synonyms=path, way of life | examples=the path of virtue; we went our separate ways
6. sense_key=way%1:09:00:: | definition=doing as one pleases or chooses | examples=if I had my way
7. sense_key=way%1:07:02:: | definition=the property of distance in general | examples=it's a long way to Moscow; he went a long ways
8. sense_key=way%1:07:01:: | definition=how something is done or how it happens | synonyms=manner, mode, style, fashion | examples=her dignified manner; his rapid manner of talking
9. sense_key=way%1:21:00:: | definition=a portion of something divided into shares | examples=they split the loot three ways
10. sense_key=way%1:04:02:: | definition=a journey or passage | examples=they are on the way
11. sense_key=way%1:06:00:: | definition=any artifact consisting of a road or path affording passage from one place to another | examples=he said he was looking for the way out
12. sense_key=way%1:26:00:: | definition=the condition of things generally | examples=that's the way it is; I felt the same way

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 8}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "way"
    *   Target surface form: "way"
    *   Context: "...the controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the <t>way</t> the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them."

    *   The sentence discusses a controversy arising from two factors.
    *   Factor 1: "two auto expulsions".
    *   Factor 2: "the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them."
    *   In this context, "the way" refers to the *manner* or *method* by which the transmission of the directive happened.

    *   1: a line leading to a place or point (direction) - No.
    *   2: space for movement (room) - No.
    *   3: a general category of things (in the way of) - No.
    *   4: how a result is obtained or an end is achieved (means, agency) - Close, but usually refers to the tool or method used to achieve a goal.
    *   5: a course of conduct (path, way of life) - No.
    *   6: doing as one pleases or chooses (if I had my way) - No.
    *   7: the property of distance in general - No.
    *   8: how something is done or how it happens (manner, mode, style, fashion) - This fits perfectly. "The way the transmission... was carried out" = "The manner in which the transmission... was carried out".
    *   9: a portion of something divided into shares - No.
    *   10: a journey or passage - No.
    *   11: any artifact consisting of a road or path - No.
    *   12: the condition of things generally - No.

    *   Sense 4 (means/agency) vs. Sense 8 (manner/mode).
    *   "The way the transmission... was carried out" describes the *manner* of the action, not the *means* (the tool) used to achieve the result.
    *   Example for Sense 8: "his rapid manner of talking".
    *   Example for Sense 4: "a means of control".
    *   The context "the way the transmission... was carried out" aligns best with "manner" or "mode".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: transmission
Target surface form: transmission
Context:
So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the <t>transmission</t> of the directive was carried out to cause them. The damage brought about to the principles of the sport by these actions is not as much ethical as aesthetic.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=transmission%1:11:00:: | definition=an incident in which an infectious disease is transmitted | synonyms=infection, contagion
2. sense_key=transmission%1:06:01:: | definition=the gears that transmit power from an automobile engine via the driveshaft to the live axle | synonyms=transmission system
3. sense_key=transmission%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of sending a message; causing a message to be transmitted | synonyms=transmittal, transmitting
4. sense_key=transmission%1:10:00:: | definition=communication by means of transmitted signals
5. sense_key=transmission%1:23:00:: | definition=the fraction of radiant energy that passes through a substance | synonyms=transmittance

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "transmission"
    *   Context: "...the way the <t>transmission</t> of the directive was carried out to cause them."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses strategic decisions in a sport, sanctions, auto expulsions, and a "directive." The specific phrase is "the transmission of the directive."

    *   Sense 1: Infectious disease transmission (infection, contagion). -> Not applicable.
    *   Sense 2: Automobile gears (transmission system). -> Not applicable.
    *   Sense 3: The act of sending a message; causing a message to be transmitted (transmittal, transmitting). -> Fits well ("transmission of the directive").
    *   Sense 4: Communication by means of transmitted signals (e.g., radio, TV). -> Possible, but "directive" usually refers to an instruction or order, and "transmission" here refers to the act of conveying that instruction, not necessarily the technical signal.
    *   Sense 5: Fraction of radiant energy (transmittance). -> Not applicable.

    *   The "directive" is an instruction or order.
    *   "Transmission of the directive" refers to how the order was communicated or sent to the players/officials.
    *   Sense 3 ("the act of sending a message; causing a message to be transmitted") is the most general and accurate description of conveying a directive.
    *   Sense 4 is more about the *medium* (signals), whereas Sense 3 is about the *act* of sending.

    *   Sense 3 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: damage
Target surface form: damage
Context:
Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them. The <t>damage</t> brought about to the principles of the sport by these actions is not as much ethical as aesthetic.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=damage%1:11:00:: | definition=the occurrence of a change for the worse | synonyms=harm, impairment
2. sense_key=damage%1:11:01:: | definition=loss of military equipment | synonyms=equipment casualty
3. sense_key=damage%1:21:00:: | definition=the amount of money needed to purchase something | synonyms=price, terms | examples=the price of gasoline; he got his new car on excellent terms
4. sense_key=damage%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of damaging something or someone | synonyms=harm, hurt, scathe
5. sense_key=damage%1:04:01:: | definition=any harm or injury resulting from a violation of a legal right | synonyms=wrong, legal injury

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `damage`
    *   Target surface form: `damage`
    *   Context: "The <t>damage</t> brought about to the principles of the sport by these actions is not as much ethical as aesthetic."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `damage%1:11:00::`: the occurrence of a change for the worse (synonyms: harm, impairment)
        2.  `damage%1:11:01::`: loss of military equipment (synonyms: equipment casualty)
        3.  `damage%1:21:00::`: the amount of money needed to purchase something (synonyms: price, terms)
        4.  `damage%1:04:00::`: the act of damaging something or someone (synonyms: harm, hurt, scathe)
        5.  `damage%1:04:01::`: any harm or injury resulting from a violation of a legal right (synonyms: wrong, legal injury)

    *   The sentence discusses "damage brought about to the principles of the sport".
    *   The damage is described as "not as much ethical as aesthetic".
    *   This refers to a negative impact or impairment of the "principles of the sport".

    *   Sense 1: "the occurrence of a change for the worse" (harm, impairment). This fits well. The principles of the sport have been negatively affected (impaired).
    *   Sense 2: "loss of military equipment". Not applicable.
    *   Sense 3: "the amount of money needed to purchase something". Not applicable.
    *   Sense 4: "the act of damaging something or someone". This refers to the *action* of causing harm. The sentence says "The damage brought about...", which refers to the *result* or the *state* of being damaged, rather than the act itself.
    *   Sense 5: "any harm or injury resulting from a violation of a legal right". While the context mentions "legal fraud" and "rules", the damage is to the "principles of the sport", not a legal right in a court of law.

    *   Sense 1 (change for the worse/impairment) vs. Sense 4 (the act of damaging).
    *   "The damage brought about to the principles..."
    *   If it were Sense 4, it would be "The act of damaging the principles...".
    *   "Damage" here is the result/effect. Sense 1 describes the occurrence of a change for the worse.

    *   Sense 1: `damage%1:11:00::` (harm, impairment).
    *   Sense 4: `damage%1:04:00::` (the act of damaging).
    *   Sense 5: `damage%1:04:01::` (legal injury).

    The context "damage brought about to the principles of the sport" strongly suggests the result (impairment/harm) rather than the act of causing it or a specific legal injury.

    Wait, let me re-read Sense 1 and Sense 4.
    Sense 1: "the occurrence of a change for the worse"
    Sense 4: "the act of damaging something or someone"

    In "The damage brought about to the principles...", "damage" is the noun referring to the harm done.
    Comparing "the occurrence of a change for the worse" (Sense 1) and "the act of damaging" (Sense 4).
    Usually, "the damage" refers to the harm itself.
    Example: "The damage to the car was extensive." (Sense 1)
    Example: "The damage of the forest by logging is a crime." (Sense 4 - though this is awkward; usually "The damaging of the forest").

    Let's look at the synonyms:
    Sense 1: harm, impairment.
    Sense 4: harm, hurt, scathe.

    "The harm brought about to the principles of the sport" fits perfectly.
    Is it the *act* of harming or the *result* of harming?
    "The damage... is not as much ethical as aesthetic."
    This describes the *nature* of the damage (ethical vs aesthetic), which points to the result/state (Sense 1) rather than the act (Sense 4).

    Sense 1: `damage%1:11:00::`
    Sense 2: `damage%1:11:01::`
    Sense 3: `damage%1:21:00::`
    Sense 4: `damage%1:04:00::`
    Sense 5: `damage%1:04:01::`

    The index for Sense 1 is 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: principle
Target surface form: principles
Context:
Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them. The damage brought about to the <t>principles</t> of the sport by these actions is not as much ethical as aesthetic.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=principle%1:09:04:: | definition=a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the function of a complex system | synonyms=rule | examples=the principle of the conservation of mass; the principle of jet propulsion
2. sense_key=principle%1:09:03:: | definition=a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct | synonyms=rule | examples=their principles of composition characterized all their works
3. sense_key=principle%1:09:02:: | definition=(law) an explanation of the fundamental reasons (especially an explanation of the working of some device in terms of laws of nature) | synonyms=rationale | examples=the rationale for capital punishment; the principles of internal-combustion engines
4. sense_key=principle%1:10:00:: | definition=rule of personal conduct | synonyms=precept
5. sense_key=principle%1:09:01:: | definition=a rule or standard especially of good behavior | examples=a man of principle; he will not violate his principles
6. sense_key=principle%1:09:00:: | definition=a basic truth or law or assumption | examples=the principles of democracy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 6}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 6}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `principle`
    *   Target surface form: `principles`
    *   Context: "The damage brought about to the <t>principles</t> of the sport by these actions is not as much ethical as aesthetic."
    *   Surrounding context: Discussion about sporting spirit, strategic decisions, rules, legal fraud, wittiness, and sanctions. The author is discussing whether certain actions violated the "spirit" or "principles" of the sport.

    *   Sense 1: `principle%1:09:04::` - rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or complex system (e.g., conservation of mass). -> *Incorrect (not a natural law).*
    *   Sense 2: `principle%1:09:03::` - basic generalization accepted as true, used as a basis for reasoning or conduct (e.g., principles of composition). -> *Possible, but maybe too general.*
    *   Sense 3: `principle%1:09:02::` - (law) explanation of fundamental reasons/rationale (e.g., rationale for capital punishment). -> *Incorrect (not a legal rationale for a device or punishment).*
    *   Sense 4: `principle%1:10:00::` - rule of personal conduct (precept). -> *Incorrect (refers to the sport, not a specific person's personal code).*
    *   Sense 5: `principle%1:09:01::` - rule or standard especially of good behavior (e.g., a man of principle). -> *Strong candidate. The context mentions "ethical" and "sporting spirit," which relates to standards of behavior.*
    *   Sense 6: `principle%1:09:00::` - basic truth or law or assumption (e.g., principles of democracy). -> *Strong candidate. "Principles of the sport" often refers to the fundamental values or basic truths that govern the sport.*

    *   The sentence says: "The damage brought about to the principles of the sport by these actions is not as much ethical as aesthetic."
    *   The author is contrasting "ethical" and "aesthetic" damage.
    *   "Principles of the sport" here refers to the fundamental values, standards, or basic truths that define the sport's integrity and spirit.
    *   Sense 5 focuses on "good behavior" (moral standards).
    *   Sense 6 focuses on "basic truth or law or assumption" (fundamental tenets).
    *   Sense 2 focuses on "basic generalization... basis for reasoning or conduct."

    *   Comparing Sense 5 and Sense 6:
        *   Sense 5: "a rule or standard especially of good behavior" (e.g., "he will not violate his principles").
        *   Sense 6: "a basic truth or law or assumption" (e.g., "the principles of democracy").
    *   "Principles of the sport" is very similar to "principles of democracy." It refers to the foundational values/tenets of the system (the sport).
    *   However, the context mentions "ethical" and "sporting spirit." This leans towards standards of behavior.
    *   Let's look at Sense 2 again: "a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct."

    *   Wait, let's re-read Sense 5: "a rule or standard especially of good behavior".
    *   Let's re-read Sense 6: "a basic truth or law or assumption".
    *   In the phrase "principles of the sport," it usually refers to the fundamental values (like fair play) that the sport is built upon. This fits Sense 6 (basic truth/law/assumption) or Sense 5 (standard of good behavior).
    *   Given the contrast "not as much ethical as aesthetic," the author is talking about the *nature* of the principles being damaged. If the damage is "ethical," it refers to the moral standards (Sense 5). If the damage is "aesthetic," it refers to the beauty/grace of the game.
    *   Actually, "principles of [a system/institution]" (like democracy or sport) usually maps to Sense 6 (basic truth/law/assumption).

    *   Sense 1: Natural law (No)
    *   Sense 2: Generalization for reasoning/conduct (Maybe)
    *   Sense 3: Rationale (No)
    *   Sense 4: Personal conduct (No)
    *   Sense 5: Standard of good behavior (Strong)
    *   Sense 6: Basic truth/law/assumption (Strong)

    *   "Principles of democracy" (Sense 6) vs "Principles of the sport".
    *   "A man of principle" (Sense 5) vs "Principles of the sport".
    *   The "principles of the sport" are the fundamental tenets that define it. This aligns best with Sense 6.

    *   Wait, let me look at Sense 5 again: "a rule or standard especially of good behavior". Fair play is a standard of good behavior.
    *   Let's look at Sense 2: "a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct".
    *   Let's look at Sense 6: "a basic truth or law or assumption".

    *   If I say "the principles of the sport," I am usually referring to the fundamental values (like fairness, respect) that govern it.
    *   Sense 6: "the principles of democracy" (fundamental values/tenets).
    *   Sense 5: "he will not violate his principles" (personal moral code).

    *   The "principles of the sport" are more like the "principles of democracy" than a person's individual "principles."

    *   Sense 6: `principle%1:09:00::` - a basic truth or law or assumption.
    *   Sense 5: `principle%1:09:01::` - a rule or standard especially of good behavior.
    *   Sense 2: `principle%1:09:03::` - a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct.

    *   Looking at the context "damage brought about to the principles of the sport... not as much ethical as aesthetic," the author is discussing the fundamental values of the sport. Sense 6 is the most fitting for "principles of [system/concept]".

    *   Wait, let me double-check Sense 2. "their principles of composition characterized all their works". This is about a set of guiding rules for a craft.
    *   Sense 6: "the principles of democracy". This is about the fundamental tenets of a system.
    *   "Principles of the sport" fits the "principles of democracy" pattern better.

    *   Sense 6: `principle%1:09:00::` (basic truth/law/assumption)
    *   Sense 5: `principle%1:09:01::` (standard of good behavior)
    *   The context mentions "ethical" and "sporting spirit." This strongly suggests a moral/behavioral component.
    *   However, "principles of the sport" as a collective noun for the foundation of the game is a very common usage of Sense 6.

    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 5: "a rule or standard especially of good behavior".
    *   If the author says the damage is "not as much ethical as aesthetic," they are saying the *standard of good behavior* (ethical) wasn't the main thing damaged, but rather the *aesthetic* (the way it looked/felt). This implies the "principles" being discussed are those standards of behavior.

    *   Let's compare:
        *   "The principles of democracy were violated." (Sense 6)
        *   "The principles of the sport were violated." (Sense 6 or 5)

    *   Actually, looking at WordNet's structure, Sense 6 is often the most general "fundamental truth" sense. Sense 5 is specifically about "good behavior" (morality). Since the text explicitly mentions "ethical" and "sporting spirit," Sense 5 is a very strong contender.

    *   Wait, let's look at the examples again.
        *   Sense 6: "the principles of democracy"
        *   Sense 5: "a man of principle; he will not violate his principles"

    *   "Principles of the sport" is a set of standards for how the sport should be played. This is a "standard of good behavior" (Sense 5).

    *   Let's try to find "principles of [sport]" in a corpus or similar context. Usually, it refers to the fundamental rules or the spirit of the game.
    *   If the author says the damage is "not as much ethical as aesthetic," they are categorizing the *type* of principle. This suggests "principles" here is the broad category of "fundamental standards," and "ethical" and "aesthetic" are types of those standards.

    *   Sense 6: "a basic truth or law or assumption"
    *   Sense 5: "a rule or standard especially of good behavior"

    *   If the principles are "ethical" or "aesthetic," they are "standards." Sense 5 specifically mentions "standard especially of good behavior."

    *   Let's look at Sense 2 again: "a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct".

    *   Actually, "principles of the sport" most closely matches "principles of democracy" (Sense 6). The "principles of democracy" are the basic truths/assumptions (like equality, representation) that the system is based on. Similarly, the "principles of the sport" are the basic truths/assumptions (like fair play, competition) that the sport is based on.

    *   Let's re-read the sentence: "The damage brought about to the principles of the sport by these actions is not as much ethical as aesthetic."
    *   This means the actions didn't necessarily violate the *moral* principles (ethical) as much as they violated the *beauty/spirit* (aesthetic) of the game.
    *   This implies "principles" refers to the fundamental tenets of the sport.

    *   Sense 6: basic truth or law or assumption.
    *   Sense 5: rule or standard especially of good behavior.

    *   If the author is contrasting "ethical" and "aesthetic," they are talking about different *kinds* of principles. "Ethical principles" are standards of good behavior (Sense 5). "Aesthetic principles" are standards of beauty.
    *   Therefore, the word "principles" in "principles of the sport" must be a sense that encompasses both ethical and aesthetic standards.
    *   Sense 6 ("a basic truth or law or assumption") is broad enough to cover both. Sense 5 is specifically about "good behavior."

    *   Wait, let's look at Sense 2 again: "a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct". This also seems broad.

    *   Let's compare Sense 6 and Sense 2.
        *   Sense 6: "the principles of democracy"
        *   Sense 2: "their principles of composition characterized all their works"

    *   "Principles of the sport" is much closer to "principles of democracy" than "principles of composition."

    *   Sense 6: `principle%1:09:00::` - a basic truth or law or assumption.
    *   This fits "principles of the sport" as the foundational tenets of the game.

    *   Wait, let me check one more time. Is there any other sense?
        *   Sense 1: Natural law (No)
        *   Sense 2: Generalization for reasoning/conduct (Maybe)
        *   Sense 3: Rationale (No)
        *   Sense 4: Personal conduct (No)
        *   Sense 5: Standard of good behavior (Maybe)
        *   Sense 6: Basic truth/law/assumption (Strongest)

    *   Let's double-check Sense 6 again. "a basic truth or law or assumption".
    *   Example: "the principles of democracy".
    *   This matches "the principles of the sport" perfectly.

    *   Wait, I just noticed Sense 5 says "a rule or standard especially of good behavior".
    *   If the author says "the damage... is not as much ethical as aesthetic," they are saying the damage to the *standards of good behavior* (ethical) is less than the damage to the *standards of beauty* (aesthetic).
    *   This means "principles" = "standards."
    *   Sense 5: "a rule or standard especially of good behavior".
    *   Sense 6: "a basic truth or law or assumption".

    *   Actually, "principles of democracy" (Sense 6) are also standards.
    *   Let's look at the synonyms.
        *   Sense 6: (no synonyms listed)
        *   Sense 5: (no synonyms listed)
        *   Sense 2: rule
        *   Sense 4: precept

    *   Let's think about "aesthetic principles." These are not "rules of good behavior" (Sense 5), but they are "basic truths or assumptions" about what is beautiful (Sense 6).
    *   Since the author is talking about both ethical and aesthetic principles, Sense 6 is the only one broad enough to cover both.

    *   Target: "principles of the sport"
    *   Context: "not as much ethical as aesthetic"
    *   Sense 6: "a basic truth or law or assumption" (Example: "principles of democracy")
    *   This fits best.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: action
Target surface form: actions
Context:
Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them. The damage brought about to the principles of the sport by these <t>actions</t> is not as much ethical as aesthetic.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=action%1:06:00:: | definition=the operating part that transmits power to a mechanism | synonyms=action mechanism | examples=the piano had a very stiff action
2. sense_key=action%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being active | synonyms=activity, activeness | examples=his sphere of activity; he is out of action
3. sense_key=action%1:04:00:: | definition=the most important or interesting work or activity in a specific area or field | examples=the action is no longer in technology stocks but in municipal bonds; gawkers always try to get as close to the action as possible
4. sense_key=action%1:04:04:: | definition=an act by a government body or supranational organization | examples=recent federal action undermined the segregationist position; the United Nations must have the power to propose and organize action without being hobbled by irrelevant issues
5. sense_key=action%1:04:03:: | definition=a military engagement | synonyms=military action | examples=he saw action in Korea
6. sense_key=action%1:07:00:: | definition=the trait of being active and energetic and forceful | examples=a man of action
7. sense_key=action%1:04:02:: | definition=something done (usually as opposed to something said) | examples=there were stories of murders and other unnatural actions
8. sense_key=action%1:10:00:: | definition=the series of events that form a plot | examples=his novels always have a lot of action
9. sense_key=action%1:22:00:: | definition=a process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings) | synonyms=natural process, natural action, activity | examples=the action of natural forces; volcanic activity
10. sense_key=action%1:04:01:: | definition=a judicial proceeding brought by one party against another; one party prosecutes another for a wrong done or for protection of a right or for prevention of a wrong | synonyms=legal action, action at law

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 7}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 7}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `action`
    *   Target surface form: `actions`
    *   Context: "Those actions are really against the sporting spirit... The damage brought about to the principles of the sport by these <t>actions</t> is not as much ethical as aesthetic."
    *   The context discusses players making strategic decisions, obeying or not obeying sanctions, and the resulting impact on the sporting spirit. The "actions" refer to the specific things the players did.

    *   1: Operating part of a mechanism (e.g., piano action). -> No.
    *   2: State of being active (activity). -> No.
    *   3: Most important/interesting work/activity in a field. -> No.
    *   4: Act by a government body/organization. -> No.
    *   5: Military engagement. -> No.
    *   6: Trait of being active/energetic. -> No.
    *   7: Something done (usually as opposed to something said). -> Yes. This fits "things the players did."
    *   8: Series of events forming a plot. -> No.
    *   9: Process produced by nature. -> No.
    *   10: Judicial proceeding (legal action). -> No.

    *   The text says "Those actions are really against the sporting spirit" and "The damage brought about... by these actions".
    *   The "actions" are the specific behaviors or deeds of the players.
    *   Sense 7: "something done (usually as opposed to something said)" fits perfectly.

    *   Sense 7 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: possibility
Target surface form: possibility
Context:
Arsenic-tolerant microbe raises <t>possibility</t> of new types of life on Earth, or elsewhere The discovery of a strange bacteria that can use arsenic as one of its nutrients widens the scope for finding new forms of life on Earth and possibly beyond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=possibility%1:26:00:: | definition=capability of existing or happening or being true | synonyms=possibleness | examples=there is a possibility that his sense of smell has been impaired
2. sense_key=possibility%1:09:00:: | definition=a tentative insight into the natural world; a concept that is not yet verified but that if true would explain certain facts or phenomena | synonyms=hypothesis, theory | examples=a scientific hypothesis that survives experimental testing becomes a scientific theory; he proposed a fresh theory of alkalis that later was accepted in chemical practices
3. sense_key=possibility%1:09:01:: | definition=a possible alternative | synonyms=possible action, opening | examples=bankruptcy is always a possibility
4. sense_key=possibility%1:09:03:: | definition=a future prospect or potential | examples=this room has great possibilities

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `possibility`
    *   Target surface form: `possibility`
    *   Context: "Arsenic-tolerant microbe raises <t>possibility</t> of new types of life on Earth, or elsewhere The discovery of a strange bacteria that can use arsenic as one of its nutrients widens the scope for finding new forms of life on Earth and possibly beyond."

    *   Sense 1: `capability of existing or happening or being true` (General possibility/possibleness).
    *   Sense 2: `a tentative insight into the natural world; a concept that is not yet verified but that if true would explain certain facts or phenomena` (Hypothesis/Theory).
    *   Sense 3: `a possible alternative` (Possible action/opening).
    *   Sense 4: `a future prospect or potential`.

    *   The sentence says the discovery "raises [the] possibility of new types of life".
    *   It means that the existence of such life is now considered possible or plausible based on the evidence.
    *   Is it a "hypothesis" (Sense 2)? While it leads to hypotheses, the "possibility" itself refers to the *chance* or *capability* of such life existing.
    *   Is it a "possible alternative" (Sense 3)? Not really an alternative action or option.
    *   Is it a "future prospect or potential" (Sense 4)? Not exactly a prospect in the sense of a future opportunity.
    *   Is it the "capability of existing or happening or being true" (Sense 1)? Yes, the discovery makes the existence of new types of life a possibility (it could be true/exist).

    *   Sense 1: "capability of existing or happening or being true". This fits perfectly. The discovery makes it possible that new types of life exist.
    *   Sense 2: "a tentative insight... hypothesis". The "possibility" here isn't the hypothesis itself, but the fact that it's now possible.
    *   Sense 3: "a possible alternative". Doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 4: "future prospect". Doesn't fit.

    *   "raises possibility of new types of life" $\approx$ "makes it possible that new types of life exist".
    *   This aligns with Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: type
Target surface form: types
Context:
Arsenic-tolerant microbe raises possibility of new <t>types</t> of life on Earth, or elsewhere The discovery of a strange bacteria that can use arsenic as one of its nutrients widens the scope for finding new forms of life on Earth and possibly beyond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=type%1:10:01:: | definition=printed characters | examples=small type is hard to read
2. sense_key=type%1:10:00:: | definition=all of the tokens of the same symbol | examples=the word `element' contains five different types of character
3. sense_key=type%1:18:00:: | definition=a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities) | synonyms=character, eccentric, case | examples=a real character; a strange character
4. sense_key=type%1:06:00:: | definition=a small metal block bearing a raised character on one end; produces a printed character when inked and pressed on paper | examples=he dropped a case of type, so they made him pick them up
5. sense_key=type%1:14:01:: | definition=(biology) the taxonomic group whose characteristics are used to define the next higher taxon
6. sense_key=type%1:09:00:: | definition=a subdivision of a particular kind of thing | examples=what type of sculpture do you prefer?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 6}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `type`
    *   Target surface form: `types`
    *   Context: "Arsenic-tolerant microbe raises possibility of new <t>types</t> of life on Earth, or elsewhere The discovery of a strange bacteria that can use arsenic as one of its nutrients widens the scope for finding new forms of life on Earth and possibly beyond."

    *   Sense 1: printed characters (e.g., "small type is hard to read") - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 2: all of the tokens of the same symbol (e.g., "five different types of character") - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 3: a person of a specified kind (eccentric) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 4: a small metal block for printing - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 5: (biology) the taxonomic group whose characteristics are used to define the next higher taxon - This is a very specific biological term (type species, etc.).
    *   Sense 6: a subdivision of a particular kind of thing (e.g., "what type of sculpture do you prefer?") - This fits "new types of life" (meaning new kinds or forms of life).

    *   The sentence says "new types of life" and later "new forms of life".
    *   "Forms of life" is a direct synonym for "types of life" in this general sense.
    *   Sense 6 ("a subdivision of a particular kind of thing") is the general meaning of "type" as "kind" or "category".
    *   Sense 5 is a technical taxonomic term, which doesn't fit the general context of "new forms of life" as well as Sense 6 does.

    *   Sense 6 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: discovery
Target surface form: discovery
Context:
Arsenic-tolerant microbe raises possibility of new types of life on Earth, or elsewhere The <t>discovery</t> of a strange bacteria that can use arsenic as one of its nutrients widens the scope for finding new forms of life on Earth and possibly beyond. While researchers discovered the unusual bacteria here in Earth, they say it shows that life has possibilities beyond the major elements that have been considered essential.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=discovery%1:10:00:: | definition=something that is discovered
2. sense_key=discovery%1:09:00:: | definition=a productive insight | synonyms=breakthrough, find
3. sense_key=discovery%1:10:01:: | definition=(law) compulsory pretrial disclosure of documents relevant to a case; enables one side in a litigation to elicit information from the other side concerning the facts in the case
4. sense_key=discovery%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of discovering something | synonyms=find, uncovering

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `discovery`
    *   Target surface form: `discovery`
    *   Context: "The <t>discovery</t> of a strange bacteria that can use arsenic as one of its nutrients widens the scope for finding new forms of life on Earth and possibly beyond."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `discovery%1:10:00::` - something that is discovered (the result/object)
        2.  `discovery%1:09:00::` - a productive insight (breakthrough)
        3.  `discovery%1:10:01::` - (law) pretrial disclosure
        4.  `discovery%1:04:00::` - the act of discovering something (the process/event)

    *   The sentence says: "The discovery of a strange bacteria... widens the scope..."
    *   Is it the *act* of discovering (the process) or the *thing* discovered (the bacteria/the fact)?
    *   Usually, "The discovery of [X]" can be ambiguous between the act and the result.
    *   However, looking at the context: "The discovery... widens the scope". It is the *fact* that this bacteria exists (the result of the discovery) that widens the scope, or the *event* of finding it.
    *   Let's compare sense 1 (something that is discovered) and sense 4 (the act of discovering).
    *   Sense 1: "something that is discovered". The bacteria itself is the thing discovered.
    *   Sense 4: "the act of discovering something". The process of finding the bacteria.
    *   In scientific contexts, "the discovery of [X]" often refers to the event/act that brought the knowledge to light.
    *   Let's look at sense 2: "a productive insight / breakthrough". This is also a strong candidate because finding arsenic-tolerant bacteria is a scientific breakthrough.
    *   Wait, let's re-read: "The discovery of a strange bacteria... widens the scope".
    *   If we replace "discovery" with "act of discovering": "The act of discovering a strange bacteria... widens the scope." (Possible)
    *   If we replace "discovery" with "something that is discovered": "The [thing discovered]... widens the scope." (Possible, referring to the bacteria).
    *   If we replace "discovery" with "breakthrough": "The breakthrough of a strange bacteria..." (Doesn't fit grammatically as well as "The discovery of...").
    *   Usually, "The discovery of [X]" where X is the object found refers to the *act* or the *event* of finding it (Sense 4).
    *   Let's check WordNet examples for `discovery%1:04:00` (act of discovering) vs `discovery%1:10:00` (something discovered).
    *   `discovery%1:04:00` (act): "the discovery of America", "the discovery of penicillin".
    *   `discovery%1:10:00` (something discovered): "the discovery of a new species".
    *   Wait, "the discovery of a new species" could be either.
    *   Let's look at the nuance. "The discovery of a strange bacteria... widens the scope".
    *   Is it the *act* of finding it that widens the scope, or the *fact* that it exists (the discovery as a result)?
    *   In most linguistic datasets for WSD (like SemCor), "the discovery of [X]" is often mapped to the act/event (Sense 4).
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 2 (breakthrough). "A productive insight". This is more about the "aha!" moment or a major advancement. While this is a breakthrough, the phrase "discovery of [X]" specifically points to the act of finding X.

    *   Sense 1: something that is discovered.
    *   Sense 4: the act of discovering something.
    *   "The discovery of a strange bacteria..."
    *   If I say "The discovery was a shock", it's the event.
    *   If I say "This discovery is important", it could be the thing or the event.
    *   In "The discovery of X", X is the object of the discovery. This structure strongly suggests the act/process of discovering X.

    *   Sense 1: something that is discovered.
    *   Sense 4: the act of discovering something.
    *   Example: "The discovery of gold in California" -> Act of discovering.
    *   Example: "The discovery of a new planet" -> Act of discovering.
    *   Example: "The discovery of the ruins" -> Act of discovering.
    *   The bacteria is the object being discovered. The "discovery of [object]" is the act.

    *   Sense 1: something that is discovered.
    *   Sense 2: a productive insight.
    *   Sense 3: legal.
    *   Sense 4: the act of discovering.
    *   The context "The discovery of a strange bacteria... widens the scope" fits the "act of discovering" (Sense 4) best.

    *   Wait, let me double-check Sense 1 again. "something that is discovered".
    *   If the sentence was "The discovery was a strange bacteria", then it would be Sense 1.
    *   But it is "The discovery *of* a strange bacteria". This is the standard construction for the act of discovering.

    *   Sense 4: the act of discovering something.
    *   Sense 1: something that is discovered.
    *   In "The discovery of X", "discovery" is the act, and "X" is the thing discovered.
    *   Therefore, Sense 4 is the most accurate.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: arsenic
Target surface form: arsenic
Context:
Arsenic-tolerant microbe raises possibility of new types of life on Earth, or elsewhere The discovery of a strange bacteria that can use <t>arsenic</t> as one of its nutrients widens the scope for finding new forms of life on Earth and possibly beyond. While researchers discovered the unusual bacteria here in Earth, they say it shows that life has possibilities beyond the major elements that have been considered essential.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=arsenic%1:27:01:: | definition=a white powdered poisonous trioxide of arsenic; used in manufacturing glass and as a pesticide (rat poison) and weed killer | synonyms=arsenic trioxide, arsenous anhydride, arsenous oxide, white arsenic, ratsbane
2. sense_key=arsenic%1:27:00:: | definition=a very poisonous metallic element that has three allotropic forms; arsenic and arsenic compounds are used as herbicides and insecticides and various alloys; found in arsenopyrite and orpiment and realgar | synonyms=As, atomic number 33

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `arsenic`
    *   Target surface form: `arsenic`
    *   Context: "Arsenic-tolerant microbe raises possibility of new types of life on Earth, or elsewhere The discovery of a strange bacteria that can use <t>arsenic</t> as one of its nutrients widens the scope for finding new forms of life on Earth and possibly beyond."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `arsenic%1:27:01::`: a white powdered poisonous trioxide of arsenic (a specific compound).
        2.  `arsenic%1:27:00::`: a very poisonous metallic element (the element As, atomic number 33).

    *   The text discusses a microbe that can use "arsenic" as a nutrient.
    *   In biological and chemical contexts, when referring to an element being used as a nutrient or a building block for life (replacing phosphorus, for example, which was the core of the scientific debate regarding GFAJ-1), it refers to the element itself (As), not specifically to arsenic trioxide.
    *   Sense 2 describes the element (atomic number 33).
    *   Sense 1 describes a specific compound (arsenic trioxide).

    *   Sense 2 is the general element.
    *   Sense 1 is a specific chemical compound.
    *   The context "use arsenic as one of its nutrients" refers to the element.

    *   Sense 2 is the correct fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: nutrient
Target surface form: nutrients
Context:
Arsenic-tolerant microbe raises possibility of new types of life on Earth, or elsewhere The discovery of a strange bacteria that can use arsenic as one of its <t>nutrients</t> widens the scope for finding new forms of life on Earth and possibly beyond. While researchers discovered the unusual bacteria here in Earth, they say it shows that life has possibilities beyond the major elements that have been considered essential.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=nutrient%1:03:00:: | definition=any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue | synonyms=food
2. sense_key=nutrient%1:03:01:: | definition=any substance (such as a chemical element or inorganic compound) that can be taken in by a green plant and used in organic synthesis

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `nutrient`
    *   Target surface form: `nutrients`
    *   Context: "The discovery of a strange bacteria that can use arsenic as one of its <t>nutrients</t> widens the scope for finding new forms of life on Earth and possibly beyond."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `nutrient%1:03:00`: any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue (synonym: food).
        2.  `nutrient%1:03:01`: any substance (such as a chemical element or inorganic compound) that can be taken in by a green plant and used in organic synthesis.

    *   The subject is "strange bacteria".
    *   The substance being used is "arsenic".
    *   The bacteria uses arsenic as a "nutrient".

    *   Sense 1 refers to animals.
    *   Sense 2 refers to green plants.
    *   Bacteria are neither animals nor green plants (though some are photosynthetic, the context here is about a "strange bacteria" using arsenic, which is more akin to the inorganic compound usage described in Sense 2).
    *   Wait, let's look closer. Sense 1 is "metabolized by an animal". Sense 2 is "taken in by a green plant".
    *   Bacteria are prokaryotes. In biological terms, "nutrient" generally refers to any substance used for growth and energy.
    *   Between "animal" and "green plant", which one is a better fit for a bacterium using an inorganic element (arsenic)?
    *   Sense 2 specifically mentions "chemical element or inorganic compound" and "organic synthesis". Arsenic is a chemical element.
    *   Sense 1 mentions "metabolized... to give energy and build tissue".
    *   Usually, in WordNet, the distinction between these two senses is Animal vs. Plant. Bacteria often fall under the "plant-like" category in older or simplified taxonomic divisions (though scientifically incorrect), or the "inorganic compound" part of Sense 2 is much more descriptive of how arsenic would be used (as a chemical element).
    *   Actually, looking at the definitions again:
        *   Sense 1: animal / food.
        *   Sense 2: green plant / chemical element or inorganic compound.
    *   Arsenic is a chemical element. Bacteria using arsenic for metabolism is a process of taking in an inorganic compound. This aligns much better with the description in Sense 2, even if the "green plant" part is specific.

    *   Is a bacterium an animal? No.
    *   Is a bacterium a green plant? No.
    *   However, Sense 2's description "any substance (such as a chemical element or inorganic compound)" is a perfect match for arsenic. Sense 1's "food" is more general but associated with animals.
    *   In many linguistic datasets, "plant" senses are extended to other non-animal organisms (like fungi or bacteria) when inorganic nutrients are involved.

    *   Sense 1: Animal-based metabolism.
    *   Sense 2: Plant-based/Inorganic synthesis.
    *   Arsenic is an inorganic element. Bacteria are not animals. Therefore, Sense 2 is the closer fit.