[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: striking
Target surface form: striking
Context:
According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the <t>striking</t>. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=striking%1:11:00:: | definition=the physical coming together of two or more things | synonyms=contact, impinging | examples=contact with the pier scraped paint from the hull
2. sense_key=striking%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of contacting one thing with another | synonyms=hit, hitting | examples=repeated hitting raised a large bruise; after three misses she finally got a hit

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `striking`
    *   Target surface form: `striking`
    *   Context: "...the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the <t>striking</t>."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `striking%1:11:00::`: the physical coming together of two or more things (synonyms: contact, impinging).
        2.  `striking%1:04:00::`: the act of contacting one thing with another (synonyms: hit, hitting).

    *   The sentence describes the process of ringing church bells (change-ringing).
    *   "the steady rhythm of the striking" refers to the act of the clapper hitting the bell (or the hammer hitting the bell) to produce sound.
    *   It's an action/process (the act of hitting) rather than just the state of contact.

    *   Sense 1: "the physical coming together of two or more things" (contact). This is more about the event of impact or the state of touching.
    *   Sense 2: "the act of contacting one thing with another" (hit, hitting). This describes the action of striking the bell to make it sound.

    *   In the context of bells, "striking" refers to the act of hitting the bell to produce a sound.
    *   Sense 2 ("the act of contacting one thing with another") fits better as it describes the repetitive action (the rhythm of the hitting) that creates the sound.

    *   Sense 1: contact, impinging.
    *   Sense 2: hit, hitting.
    *   "Rhythm of the hitting" makes more sense than "rhythm of the contact" in the context of a musical/rhythmic activity like bell ringing.

    *   Sense 2 is the best fit.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: variation
Target surface form: variation
Context:
It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each <t>variation</t>, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=variation%1:18:00:: | definition=(biology) an organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration | synonyms=mutant, mutation, sport
2. sense_key=variation%1:22:00:: | definition=the process of varying or being varied
3. sense_key=variation%1:06:00:: | definition=an artifact that deviates from a norm or standard | examples=he patented a variation on the sandal
4. sense_key=variation%1:09:01:: | definition=something a little different from others of the same type | synonyms=version, variant, edition | examples=an experimental version of the night fighter; a variant of the same word
5. sense_key=variation%1:04:02:: | definition=(ballet) a solo dance or dance figure | synonyms=pas seul
6. sense_key=variation%1:25:00:: | definition=the angle (at a particular location) between magnetic north and true north | synonyms=magnetic declination, magnetic variation
7. sense_key=variation%1:11:01:: | definition=an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change | synonyms=fluctuation
8. sense_key=variation%1:19:00:: | definition=(astronomy) any perturbation of the mean motion or orbit of a planet or satellite (especially a perturbation of the earth's moon)
9. sense_key=variation%1:04:00:: | definition=an activity that varies from a norm or standard | synonyms=variance | examples=any variation in his routine was immediately reported
10. sense_key=variation%1:10:00:: | definition=a repetition of a musical theme in which it is modified or embellished
11. sense_key=variation%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of changing or altering something slightly but noticeably from the norm or standard | examples=who is responsible for these variations in taxation?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Target word: "variation"
    *   Context: "Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each <t>variation</t>, or change, can occur only once, the rules state."
    *   Key clues:
        *   "varying the order in which the bells sound"
        *   "Each variation, or change..."
        *   The context is about change-ringing (bells).
        *   The "variation" refers to a specific instance of a different order of bells.

    *   1: (biology) chromosomal alteration (Incorrect)
    *   2: the process of varying or being varied (Incorrect - "Each variation" refers to a specific instance, not the process)
    *   3: an artifact that deviates from a norm or standard (Incorrect - not an artifact)
    *   4: something a little different from others of the same type (synonyms: version, variant, edition) (Possible)
    *   5: (ballet) solo dance (Incorrect)
    *   6: (magnetic) angle between magnetic north and true north (Incorrect)
    *   7: an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change (synonyms: fluctuation) (Possible, but "fluctuation" doesn't fit well)
    *   8: (astronomy) perturbation of orbit (Incorrect)
    *   9: an activity that varies from a norm or standard (Incorrect)
    *   10: a repetition of a musical theme in which it is modified or embellished (Possible, as it's music-related, but change-ringing is about the *order* of bells, not embellishing a theme)
    *   11: the act of changing or altering something slightly (Incorrect - "Each variation" refers to the result/instance, not the act)

    *   Sense 4: "something a little different from others of the same type" (synonyms: version, variant). In change-ringing, each "change" (variation) is a specific permutation of the bells. This fits well.
    *   Sense 7: "an instance of change". The text says "Each variation, or change...". This is very close. However, sense 7's synonym "fluctuation" suggests a numerical or quantitative change.
    *   Sense 10: "a repetition of a musical theme in which it is modified or embellished". While this is music, change-ringing isn't exactly a "theme" being "embellished"; it's a sequence of bells being permuted.

    *   The text says "varying the order... Each variation, or change...".
    *   A "change" in bell ringing is a specific sequence.
    *   Sense 4 describes a "variant" or "version" of a type.
    *   Sense 7 describes an "instance of change".
    *   Let's look at Sense 4 again: "something a little different from others of the same type". A specific sequence of bells is a variant of the possible sequences.
    *   Let's look at Sense 7 again: "an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change".
    *   Wait, let's re-read the context: "varying the order... Each variation, or change, can occur only once".
    *   In the context of change-ringing, a "change" is a specific permutation.
    *   Is a permutation an "instance of change" (Sense 7) or a "variant/version" (Sense 4)?
    *   Actually, looking at Sense 4's examples: "a variant of the same word". A permutation of bells is like a variant of the sequence.
    *   Looking at Sense 7's synonym: "fluctuation". That doesn't fit.
    *   Looking at Sense 10: "a repetition of a musical theme...". This is a specific musical form (like a Bach variation). Change-ringing is different.

    *   Sense 4: "something a little different from others of the same type" (variant).
    *   Sense 7: "an instance of change".
    *   The text explicitly equates "variation" with "change" ("Each variation, or change...").
    *   However, in the context of bell ringing, a "change" is a specific arrangement.
    *   If I have the sequence 1-2-3-4 and then 1-3-2-4, the second one is a "change" (a variation).
    *   Sense 4 (variant/version) fits this "specific instance of a different arrangement" better than Sense 7 (fluctuation).

    *   Sense 4: "something a little different from others of the same type" (synonyms: version, variant, edition).
    *   Sense 7: "an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change" (synonym: fluctuation).
    *   Sense 11: "the act of changing or altering something slightly".
    *   The text says "Each variation... can occur only once". This implies a discrete thing (a permutation), not a process or a rate.
    *   Therefore, Sense 4 is the most appropriate.

    *   Wait, let me double-check Sense 10 again. "a repetition of a musical theme in which it is modified or embellished". In music theory, a "variation" is a specific thing. But change-ringing is more about permutations than thematic variation.
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 4 vs Sense 7.
    *   Sense 7: "an instance of change".
    *   If the text says "Each variation, or change", it's almost a direct pointer to Sense 7. But "fluctuation" is a very specific kind of change.
    *   Let's look at Sense 4 again: "something a little different from others of the same type". A specific permutation of bells is indeed something a little different from other permutations of the same bells.

    *   "Each variation, or change, can occur only once..."
    *   In change-ringing, a "change" is a specific sequence of bells.
    *   Is a sequence a "variant" (Sense 4) or an "instance of change" (Sense 7)?
    *   A "variant" is a version of something. A specific sequence is a version of the possible sequences.
    *   An "instance of change" usually refers to the *act* of changing or a *shift* in value.
    *   Example for Sense 7: "The variation in temperature was slight." (Fluctuation).
    *   Example for Sense 4: "a variant of the same word."
    *   The bell sequence is more like a "variant of the same word" (a different arrangement of the same elements) than a "variation in temperature".

    *   Sense 4: something a little different from others of the same type.
    *   Sense 7: an instance of change.
    *   The text says "varying the order... Each variation...".
    *   The "variation" is the result of the "varying".
    *   The result of varying the order is a new order (a variant).

    *   Sense 4: variant, version.
    *   Sense 7: fluctuation.
    *   Sense 10: musical theme modification.
    *   Sense 11: the act of changing.
    *   Sense 4 is the strongest fit for a specific permutation.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: occur
Target surface form: occur
Context:
It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can <t>occur</t> only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=occur%2:31:00:: | definition=come to one's mind; suggest itself | synonyms=come | examples=It occurred to me that we should hire another secretary; A great idea then came to her
2. sense_key=occur%2:30:00:: | definition=come to pass | synonyms=happen, hap, go on, pass off, pass, fall out | examples=What is happening?; The meeting took place off without an incidence
3. sense_key=occur%2:42:03:: | definition=to be found to exist | examples=sexism occurs in many workplaces; precious stones occur in a large area in Brazil

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `occur`
    *   Target surface form: `occur`
    *   Context: "Each variation, or change, can <t>occur</t> only once, the rules state."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `occur%2:31:00::`: come to one's mind; suggest itself (e.g., "It occurred to me...")
        2.  `occur%2:30:00::`: come to pass (e.g., "What is happening?", "The meeting took place...")
        3.  `occur%2:42:03::`: to be found to exist (e.g., "sexism occurs in many workplaces")

    *   The sentence is: "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state."
    *   The context is about change-ringing (bells).
    *   "Each variation... can occur only once" means that in a sequence of bell rings, a specific pattern (variation) can *happen* or *take place* only once.

    *   Sense 1 (come to mind): Incorrect. The variation isn't coming to someone's mind.
    *   Sense 2 (come to pass/happen): Correct. The variation *happens* or *takes place* in the sequence.
    *   Sense 3 (be found to exist): This usually refers to distribution or presence (e.g., "diamonds occur in Africa"). While a variation "exists" in the set of possibilities, the context "can occur only once" refers to the event of it happening during the performance.

    *   "Each variation... can happen only once." (Fits well)
    *   "Each variation... can be found to exist only once." (Less natural in the context of a sequence of events/actions).

    *   Sense 2 is the best fit for an event or a specific instance in a sequence happening.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: only
Target surface form: only
Context:
It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur <t>only</t> once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=only%4:02:06:: | definition=except that | examples=It was the same story; only this time she came out better
2. sense_key=only%4:02:01:: | definition=without any others being included or involved | synonyms=entirely, exclusively, solely, alone | examples=was entirely to blame; a school devoted entirely to the needs of problem children
3. sense_key=only%4:02:04:: | definition=in the final outcome | examples=These news will only make you more upset
4. sense_key=only%4:02:02:: | definition=and nothing more | synonyms=merely, simply, just, but | examples=I was merely asking; it is simply a matter of time
5. sense_key=only%4:02:00:: | definition=with nevertheless the final result | examples=He arrived only to find his wife dead; We won only to lose again in the next round
6. sense_key=only%4:02:03:: | definition=never except when | synonyms=only if, only when | examples=call me only if your cold gets worse
7. sense_key=only%4:02:05:: | definition=as recently as | examples=I spoke to him only an hour ago

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "only"
    *   Target surface form: "only"
    *   Context: "Each variation, or change, can occur <t>only</t> once, the rules state."

    *   Sense 1: "except that" (e.g., "It was the same story; only this time...") - Doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 2: "without any others being included or involved" (synonyms: entirely, exclusively, solely, alone) (e.g., "was entirely to blame") - This suggests exclusivity. "Occur only once" means it occurs exclusively once (no more than once).
    *   Sense 3: "in the final outcome" (e.g., "These news will only make you more upset") - Doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 4: "and nothing more" (synonyms: merely, simply, just, but) (e.g., "I was merely asking") - This suggests a limitation in degree or importance. "Occur only once" could be interpreted as "merely once," but in the context of rules for change-ringing, it's a strict limitation on frequency (exclusivity).
    *   Sense 5: "with nevertheless the final result" (e.g., "He arrived only to find...") - Doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 6: "never except when" (synonyms: only if, only when) (e.g., "call me only if...") - This is a conditional. "Occur only once" is not a conditional in the same way.
    *   Sense 7: "as recently as" (e.g., "I spoke to him only an hour ago") - Doesn't fit.

    *   "Each variation, or change, can occur only once..."
    *   This means the number of times a variation occurs is limited to one. It cannot occur twice, three times, etc.
    *   Comparing Sense 2 ("without any others being included or involved" / "exclusively") and Sense 4 ("and nothing more" / "merely").
    *   If I say "I have only one dollar," it's often mapped to "merely" (Sense 4).
    *   If I say "This room is for members only," it's "exclusively" (Sense 2).
    *   In "can occur only once," the "only" modifies "once." It means "no more than once."
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 2: entirely, exclusively, solely, alone.
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 4: merely, simply, just, but.
    *   "Each variation can occur *merely* once" vs "Each variation can occur *exclusively* once."
    *   Actually, "only once" is a very common construction. In the context of a rule ("the rules state"), it's a restriction.
    *   Wait, let's re-examine Sense 2: "without any others being included or involved". This usually refers to a set of people or things.
    *   Sense 4: "and nothing more". "Once" is the amount. "Only once" = "once and nothing more" (no more than once).

    *   Sense 2: "without any others being included or involved" (e.g., "a school devoted entirely to the needs of problem children").
    *   Sense 4: "and nothing more" (e.g., "I was merely asking").
    *   "Only once" means "no more than once." This fits "and nothing more" (Sense 4) better than "without any others being included" (Sense 2).
    *   Let's double-check. If I say "He is the only person here," that's Sense 2. If I say "He only eats apples," that's Sense 2 (exclusively). If I say "It costs only five dollars," that's Sense 4 (merely).
    *   "Occur only once" is similar to "costs only five dollars" (it's a limit on the quantity).

    *   Sense 4: "and nothing more" / "merely, simply, just".
    *   "Each variation can occur just once." (Fits perfectly).
    *   "Each variation can occur merely once." (Fits).
    *   "Each variation can occur exclusively once." (A bit awkward, though logically similar).

    *   Sense 2 is often used for "solely" or "exclusively" in terms of identity or membership.
    *   Sense 4 is used for "merely" or "just" in terms of quantity or degree.
    *   "Once" is a quantity (frequency). Therefore, Sense 4 is the most appropriate.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: once
Target surface form: once
Context:
It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only <t>once</t>, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=once%4:02:01:: | definition=at a previous time | synonyms=formerly, at one time, erstwhile, erst | examples=at one time he loved her; her erstwhile writing
2. sense_key=once%4:02:00:: | definition=on one occasion | synonyms=one time, in one case | examples=once I ran into her
3. sense_key=once%4:02:02:: | definition=as soon as | examples=once we are home, we can rest

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "once"
    *   Target surface form: "once"
    *   Context: "Each variation, or change, can occur only <t>once</t>, the rules state."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `once%4:02:01::` (at a previous time / formerly)
        2.  `once%4:02:00::` (on one occasion / one time)
        3.  `once%4:02:02::` (as soon as)

    *   The sentence is: "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state."
    *   In this context, "once" refers to the frequency or number of times a variation can occur.
    *   "Only once" means "only one time" or "on only one occasion."

    *   Sense 1: "at a previous time" (formerly). Example: "at one time he loved her". This doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 2: "on one occasion" (one time). Example: "once I ran into her". This fits perfectly. "Each variation... can occur only one time."
    *   Sense 3: "as soon as". Example: "once we are home, we can rest". This doesn't fit.

    *   The word "once" in "occur only once" clearly means "one single time" or "on one occasion." This matches Sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rule
Target surface form: rules
Context:
It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the <t>rules</t> state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rule%1:09:02:: | definition=a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the function of a complex system | synonyms=principle | examples=the principle of the conservation of mass; the principle of jet propulsion
2. sense_key=rule%1:10:00:: | definition=prescribed guide for conduct or action | synonyms=prescript
3. sense_key=rule%1:09:03:: | definition=a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct | synonyms=principle | examples=their principles of composition characterized all their works
4. sense_key=rule%1:09:00:: | definition=a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior | synonyms=regulation | examples=it was his rule to take a walk before breakfast; short haircuts were the regulation
5. sense_key=rule%1:10:03:: | definition=any one of a systematic body of regulations defining the way of life of members of a religious order | examples=the rule of St. Dominic
6. sense_key=rule%1:09:04:: | definition=(mathematics) a standard procedure for solving a class of mathematical problems | synonyms=formula | examples=he determined the upper bound with Descartes' rule of signs; he gave us a general formula for attacking polynomials
7. sense_key=rule%1:09:01:: | definition=something regarded as a normative example | synonyms=convention, normal, pattern, formula | examples=the convention of not naming the main character; violence is the rule not the exception
8. sense_key=rule%1:26:00:: | definition=dominance or power through legal authority | synonyms=dominion | examples=France held undisputed dominion over vast areas of Africa; the rule of Caesar
9. sense_key=rule%1:10:01:: | definition=(linguistics) a rule describing (or prescribing) a linguistic practice | synonyms=linguistic rule
10. sense_key=rule%1:06:00:: | definition=measuring stick consisting of a strip of wood or metal or plastic with a straight edge that is used for drawing straight lines and measuring lengths | synonyms=ruler
11. sense_key=rule%1:28:00:: | definition=the duration of a monarch's or government's power | examples=during the rule of Elizabeth
12. sense_key=rule%1:10:02:: | definition=directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted | examples=he knew the rules of chess

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 12}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 12}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `rule`
    *   Target surface form: `rules`
    *   Context: "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state."
    *   Surrounding context: The text describes "Change-ringing," a complex activity involving bells, patterns of changes ("methods"), and specific requirements for how the bells sound.

    *   1: Natural phenomenon/complex system (principle).
    *   2: Prescribed guide for conduct or action (prescript).
    *   3: Basic generalization accepted as true (principle).
    *   4: Principle/condition governing behavior (regulation).
    *   5: Religious order regulations.
    *   6: Mathematical procedure (formula).
    *   7: Normative example (convention).
    *   8: Dominance/power (dominion).
    *   9: Linguistic practice.
    *   10: Measuring stick (ruler).
    *   11: Duration of power.
    *   12: Directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted.

    *   The context describes "Change-ringing" as an "exercise" or "art" with specific patterns ("methods") and constraints ("Each variation, or change, can occur only once").
    *   This sounds like a set of instructions or regulations for a structured activity, similar to a game or a sport.
    *   Sense 12: "directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted" fits well because change-ringing is a structured activity with specific constraints on how it's performed.
    *   Sense 2: "prescribed guide for conduct or action" is more general.
    *   Sense 4: "principle or condition that customarily governs behavior" is also general.

    *   Is change-ringing a "game or sport"? It's described as an "art" and a "mind-boggling exercise." While not a competitive sport in the traditional sense, it has a strict set of rules governing the sequence of bells, much like a game (e.g., chess).
    *   Comparing Sense 2 and Sense 12: Sense 12 is more specific to structured activities/games. Sense 2 is very broad.
    *   Looking at the sentence: "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state." This is a specific constraint on the activity.

    *   Sense 12: "directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted" (Example: rules of chess).
    *   Change-ringing is a highly structured activity with specific "methods" (patterns). The constraint "Each variation... can occur only once" is a fundamental rule of the activity.

    *   Sense 2: "prescribed guide for conduct or action" (prescript).
    *   Sense 4: "principle or condition that customarily governs behavior" (regulation).
    *   Sense 12: "directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted".

    Change-ringing is a technical skill/art with a strict set of rules. While not a "sport" in the athletic sense, it functions like a game in terms of having a set of formal rules that must be followed to be performed "correctly."

    Let's re-evaluate Sense 2 vs Sense 12.
    Sense 2: "prescribed guide for conduct or action"
    Sense 12: "directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted"

    In many WordNet-based datasets, rules for a hobby, a game, or a structured activity like this are mapped to Sense 12.

    Wait, let's look at Sense 2 again. "prescribed guide for conduct or action".
    And Sense 4: "principle or condition that customarily governs behavior".

    Actually, looking at the context "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state," this is a formal requirement of the activity.

    Is change-ringing a game? It's often described as a "mathematical game" or a "puzzle."
    If it's not a game, Sense 2 might be better. But usually, "the rules" of a specific activity like this are treated as Sense 12.

    Let's double-check Sense 12's example: "rules of chess". Chess is a game of patterns and constraints. Change-ringing is very similar in its structural constraints.

    Sense 2 is very general (like a rule of law or a rule of thumb).
    Sense 12 is specific to the "how-to" of a structured activity.

    Therefore, Sense 12 is the most precise fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: state
Target surface form: state
Context:
It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules <t>state</t>. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=state%2:32:00:: | definition=express in words | synonyms=say, tell | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you
2. sense_key=state%2:32:02:: | definition=indicate through a symbol, formula, etc. | synonyms=express | examples=Can you express this distance in kilometers?
3. sense_key=state%2:32:01:: | definition=put before | synonyms=submit, put forward, posit | examples=I submit to you that the accused is guilty

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `state`
    *   Target surface form: `state`
    *   Context: "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules <t>state</t>."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `state%2:32:00::` | definition=express in words | synonyms=say, tell
        2.  `state%2:32:02::` | definition=indicate through a symbol, formula, etc. | synonyms=express
        3.  `state%2:32:01::` | definition=put before | synonyms=submit, put forward, posit

    *   The sentence is: "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state."
    *   Here, "the rules state" means the rules *express* or *say* that each variation can occur only once.
    *   This is a common usage where a document, rule, or law "states" something.

    *   Sense 1: "express in words" (synonyms: say, tell). This fits perfectly. Rules "say" or "express in words" the requirements.
    *   Sense 2: "indicate through a symbol, formula, etc." (synonyms: express). Rules are usually written in words, not just symbols or formulas.
    *   Sense 3: "put before" (synonyms: submit, put forward, posit). This is more about making an argument or a proposal (e.g., "I submit that..."). Rules don't "submit" or "posit" in this sense; they declare or express.

    *   Sense 1 is the most accurate description of "the rules state".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: ringer
Target surface form: Ringers
Context:
The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. <t>Ringers</t> memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ringer%1:04:00:: | definition=(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg
2. sense_key=ringer%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation) | synonyms=toller, bell ringer
3. sense_key=ringer%1:18:00:: | definition=a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses
4. sense_key=ringer%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who is almost identical to another | synonyms=dead ringer, clone

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `ringer`
    *   Target surface form: `Ringers`
    *   Context: The text describes "Change-ringing," the practice of ringing church bells in specific patterns. It mentions "Proper English bells," "rounds," and "the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound." The target sentence is: "<t>Ringers</t> memorize patterns of changes..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  (horseshoes) successful throw.
        2.  a person who rings church bells.
        3.  a contestant entered under false pretenses.
        4.  a person almost identical to another.

    *   The context is explicitly about church bells and the art of change-ringing.
    *   The "ringers" are the people performing this activity.
    *   Sense 2 ("a person who rings church bells") fits perfectly.

    *   Sense 1: Horseshoe game (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Church bell ringer (Correct)
    *   Sense 3: Fraudulent contestant (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 4: Look-alike (Incorrect)


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: method
Target surface form: methods
Context:
The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "<t>methods</t>, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=method%1:09:00:: | definition=a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)
2. sense_key=method%1:04:00:: | definition=an acting technique introduced by Stanislavsky in which the actor recalls emotions or reactions from his or her own life and uses them to identify with the character being portrayed | synonyms=method acting

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `method`
    *   Target surface form: `methods`
    *   Context: "Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as 'methods,' which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `method%1:09:00::`: a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps).
        2.  `method%1:04:00::`: an acting technique introduced by Stanislavsky... (method acting).

    *   The text describes "change-ringing" (ringing bells).
    *   It mentions "patterns of changes" which are called "methods".
    *   These "methods" have specific names (e.g., Kent Treble Bob Major).
    *   This refers to a systematic way of arranging the sequence of bell strikes.

    *   Sense 1: "a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)". This fits perfectly. A "method" in change-ringing is a systematic pattern/sequence.
    *   Sense 2: "an acting technique... (method acting)". This is completely irrelevant to bell ringing.

    *   The correct sense is index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: name
Target surface form: names
Context:
The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding <t>names</t> like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=name%1:10:01:: | definition=a defamatory or abusive word or phrase | synonyms=epithet
2. sense_key=name%1:26:00:: | definition=a person's reputation | examples=he wanted to protect his good name
3. sense_key=name%1:18:00:: | definition=a well-known or notable person | synonyms=figure, public figure | examples=they studied all the great names in the history of France; she is an important figure in modern music
4. sense_key=name%1:04:00:: | definition=by the sanction or authority of | examples=halt in the name of the law
5. sense_key=name%1:14:00:: | definition=family based on male descent | synonyms=gens | examples=he had no sons and there was no one to carry on his name
6. sense_key=name%1:10:00:: | definition=a language unit by which a person or thing is known | examples=his name really is George Washington; those are two names for the same thing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 6}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 6}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `name`
    *   Target surface form: `names`
    *   Context: "Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as 'methods,' which have odd-sounding <t>names</t> like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters."

    *   Sense 1: a defamatory or abusive word or phrase (epithet) - *Incorrect*
    *   Sense 2: a person's reputation - *Incorrect*
    *   Sense 3: a well-known or notable person (figure, public figure) - *Incorrect*
    *   Sense 4: by the sanction or authority of - *Incorrect*
    *   Sense 5: family based on male descent (gens) - *Incorrect*
    *   Sense 6: a language unit by which a person or thing is known - *Correct* (The "methods" are things, and "Kent Treble Bob Major" is the language unit/label used to identify them).

    *   The context refers to the labels given to specific patterns of bell ringing (methods).
    *   "Kent Treble Bob Major" and "Grandsire Caters" are the specific names (labels/language units) for these methods.
    *   This fits perfectly with Sense 6: "a language unit by which a person or thing is known".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: series
Target surface form: series
Context:
Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A <t>series</t> of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=series%1:14:01:: | definition=a group of postage stamps having a common theme or a group of coins or currency selected as a group for study or collection | examples=the Post Office issued a series commemorating famous American entertainers; his coin collection included the complete series of Indian-head pennies
2. sense_key=series%1:11:00:: | definition=(sports) several contests played successively by the same teams | examples=the visiting team swept the series
3. sense_key=series%1:10:00:: | definition=a periodical that appears at scheduled times | synonyms=serial, serial publication
4. sense_key=series%1:24:00:: | definition=(electronics) connection of components in such a manner that current flows first through one and then through the other | examples=the voltage divider consisted of a series of fixed resistors
5. sense_key=series%1:10:01:: | definition=a serialized set of programs | synonyms=serial | examples=a comedy series; the Masterworks concert series
6. sense_key=series%1:14:00:: | definition=similar things placed in order or happening one after another | examples=they were investigating a series of bank robberies
7. sense_key=series%1:09:00:: | definition=(mathematics) the sum of a finite or infinite sequence of expressions

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 6}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "series"
    *   Target surface form: "series"
    *   Context: "A <t>series</t> of 5,000 or so changes is a 'peal' and takes about three hours."
    *   Surrounding context: The text describes "change-ringing," where ringers vary the order of bells. Each variation is a "change." A "peal" consists of 5,000 or so of these changes.

    *   Sense 1: Postage stamps or coins (Not applicable).
    *   Sense 2: Sports contests (Not applicable).
    *   Sense 3: Periodical publication (Not applicable).
    *   Sense 4: Electronics connection (Not applicable).
    *   Sense 5: Serialized set of programs (Not applicable).
    *   Sense 6: Similar things placed in order or happening one after another (Applicable: 5,000 changes happening one after another).
    *   Sense 7: Mathematics (sum of a sequence) (Not applicable).

    *   The context describes a sequence of "changes" (variations in bell ringing) occurring one after another.
    *   Sense 6 ("similar things placed in order or happening one after another") fits perfectly.

    *   Sense 6 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: take
Target surface form: takes
Context:
Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and <t>takes</t> about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=take%2:33:09:: | definition=point or cause to go (blows, weapons, or objects such as photographic equipment) towards | synonyms=aim, train, take aim, direct | examples=Please don't aim at your little brother!; He trained his gun on the burglar
2. sense_key=take%2:40:04:: | definition=receive or obtain regularly | synonyms=subscribe, subscribe to | examples=We take the Times every day
3. sense_key=take%2:38:05:: | definition=head into a specified direction | synonyms=make | examples=The escaped convict took to the hills; We made for the mountains
4. sense_key=take%2:40:03:: | definition=engage for service under a term of contract | synonyms=lease, rent, hire, charter, engage | examples=We took an apartment on a quiet street; Let's rent a car
5. sense_key=take%2:33:08:: | definition=obtain by winning | examples=Winner takes all; He took first prize
6. sense_key=take%2:38:00:: | definition=occupy or take on | synonyms=assume, strike, take up | examples=He assumes the lotus position; She took her seat on the stage
7. sense_key=take%2:31:03:: | definition=take into consideration for exemplifying purposes | synonyms=consider, deal, look at | examples=Take the case of China; Consider the following case
8. sense_key=take%2:42:15:: | definition=be capable of holding or containing | synonyms=contain, hold | examples=This box won't take all the items; The flask holds one gallon
9. sense_key=take%2:30:01:: | definition=take on a certain form, attribute, or aspect | synonyms=assume, acquire, adopt, take on | examples=His voice took on a sad tone; The story took a new turn
10. sense_key=take%2:29:08:: | definition=be stricken by an illness, fall victim to an illness | synonyms=contract, get | examples=He got AIDS; She came down with pneumonia
11. sense_key=take%2:40:15:: | definition=make use of or accept for some purpose | synonyms=accept | examples=take a risk; take an opportunity
12. sense_key=take%2:40:02:: | definition=buy, select | examples=I'll take a pound of that sausage
13. sense_key=take%2:41:13:: | definition=develop a habit | examples=He took to visiting bars
14. sense_key=take%2:35:14:: | definition=have sex with; archaic use | synonyms=have | examples=He had taken this woman when she was most vulnerable
15. sense_key=take%2:31:09:: | definition=accept or undergo, often unwillingly | synonyms=submit | examples=We took a pay cut
16. sense_key=take%2:30:08:: | definition=ascertain or determine by measuring, computing or take a reading from a dial | examples=take a pulse; A reading was taken of the earth's tremors
17. sense_key=take%2:31:01:: | definition=pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives | synonyms=choose, select, pick out | examples=Take any one of these cards; Choose a good husband for your daughter
18. sense_key=take%2:32:02:: | definition=make a film or photograph of something | synonyms=film, shoot | examples=take a scene; shoot a movie
19. sense_key=take%2:42:03:: | definition=be designed to hold or take | synonyms=accept | examples=This surface will not take the dye
20. sense_key=take%2:42:00:: | definition=require as useful, just, or proper | synonyms=necessitate, ask, postulate, need, require, involve | examples=It takes nerve to do what she did; success usually requires hard work
21. sense_key=take%2:30:00:: | definition=remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract | synonyms=remove, take away, withdraw | examples=remove a threat; remove a wrapper
22. sense_key=take%2:32:00:: | definition=take as an undesirable consequence of some event or state of affairs | synonyms=claim, exact | examples=the accident claimed three lives; The hard work took its toll on her
23. sense_key=take%2:40:08:: | definition=to get into a position of having, e.g., safety, comfort | examples=take shelter from the storm
24. sense_key=take%2:40:05:: | definition=receive willingly something given or offered | synonyms=accept, have | examples=The only girl who would have him was the miller's daughter; I won't have this dog in my house!
25. sense_key=take%2:30:09:: | definition=be seized or affected in a specified way | examples=take sick; be taken drunk
26. sense_key=take%2:32:09:: | definition=lay claim to; as of an idea | synonyms=claim | examples=She took credit for the whole idea
27. sense_key=take%2:35:00:: | definition=get into one's hands, take physically | synonyms=get hold of | examples=Take a cookie!; Can you take this bag, please
28. sense_key=take%2:41:00:: | definition=assume, as of positions or roles | synonyms=fill, occupy | examples=She took the job as director of development; he occupies the position of manager
29. sense_key=take%2:38:10:: | definition=take something or somebody with oneself somewhere | synonyms=bring, convey | examples=Bring me the box from the other room; Take these letters to the boss
30. sense_key=take%2:40:07:: | definition=admit into a group or community | synonyms=accept, admit, take on | examples=accept students for graduate study; We'll have to vote on whether or not to admit a new member
31. sense_key=take%2:40:00:: | definition=take into one's possession | examples=We are taking an orphan from Romania; I'll take three salmon steaks
32. sense_key=take%2:38:09:: | definition=take somebody somewhere | synonyms=lead, direct, conduct, guide | examples=We lead him to our chief; can you take me to the main entrance?
33. sense_key=take%2:39:00:: | definition=experience or feel or submit to | examples=Take a test; Take the plunge
34. sense_key=take%2:31:02:: | definition=be a student of a certain subject | synonyms=learn, study, read | examples=She is reading for the bar exam
35. sense_key=take%2:40:01:: | definition=take by force | examples=Hitler took the Baltic Republics; The army took the fort on the hill
36. sense_key=take%2:38:11:: | definition=proceed along in a vehicle | synonyms=drive | examples=We drive the turnpike to work
37. sense_key=take%2:40:06:: | definition=require (time or space) | synonyms=occupy, use up | examples=It took three hours to get to work this morning; This event occupied a very short time
38. sense_key=take%2:34:00:: | definition=serve oneself to, or consume regularly | synonyms=consume, ingest, take in, have | examples=Have another bowl of chicken soup!; I don't take sugar in my coffee
39. sense_key=take%2:31:07:: | definition=interpret something in a certain way; convey a particular meaning or impression | synonyms=read | examples=I read this address as a satire; How should I take this message?
40. sense_key=take%2:38:02:: | definition=travel or go by means of a certain kind of transportation, or a certain route | examples=He takes the bus to work; She takes Route 1 to Newark
41. sense_key=take%2:41:04:: | definition=carry out | examples=take action; take steps
42. sense_key=take%2:42:10:: | definition=have with oneself; have on one's person | synonyms=carry, pack | examples=She always takes an umbrella; I always carry money

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 37}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 37}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `take`
    *   Target surface form: `takes`
    *   Context: "A series of 5,000 or so changes is a 'peal' and <t>takes</t> about three hours."
    *   Meaning: In this context, "takes" refers to the amount of time required to complete a "peal" (a series of changes in change-ringing).

    *   Sense 1: point or cause to go towards (aim) - No.
    *   Sense 2: receive or obtain regularly (subscribe) - No.
    *   Sense 3: head into a specified direction - No.
    *   Sense 4: engage for service under a term of contract (lease) - No.
    *   Sense 5: obtain by winning - No.
    *   Sense 6: occupy or take on (assume position) - No.
    *   Sense 7: take into consideration for exemplifying purposes - No.
    *   Sense 8: be capable of holding or containing - No.
    *   Sense 9: take on a certain form, attribute, or aspect - No.
    *   Sense 10: be stricken by an illness - No.
    *   Sense 11: make use of or accept for some purpose - No.
    *   Sense 12: buy, select - No.
    *   Sense 13: develop a habit - No.
    *   Sense 14: have sex with - No.
    *   Sense 15: accept or undergo, often unwillingly - No.
    *   Sense 16: ascertain or determine by measuring - No.
    *   Sense 17: pick out, select, or choose - No.
    *   Sense 18: make a film or photograph - No.
    *   Sense 19: be designed to hold or take - No.
    *   Sense 20: require as useful, just, or proper (necessitate) - "It takes nerve to do what she did" (This is about qualities/effort).
    *   Sense 21: remove something - No.
    *   Sense 22: take as an undesirable consequence - No.
    *   Sense 23: get into a position of having (safety) - No.
    *   Sense 24: receive willingly something given - No.
    *   Sense 25: be seized or affected in a specified way - No.
    *   Sense 26: lay claim to - No.
    *   Sense 27: get into one's hands - No.
    *   Sense 28: assume positions or roles - No.
    *   Sense 29: take something with oneself - No.
    *   Sense 30: admit into a group - No.
    *   Sense 31: take into one's possession - No.
    *   Sense 32: take somebody somewhere - No.
    *   Sense 33: experience or feel or submit to - No.
    *   Sense 34: be a student of - No.
    *   Sense 35: take by force - No.
    *   Sense 36: proceed along in a vehicle - No.
    *   Sense 37: require (time or space) | synonyms=occupy, use up | examples=It took three hours to get to work this morning; This event occupied a very short time.
    *   Sense 38: serve oneself to, or consume regularly - No.
    *   Sense 39: interpret something in a certain way - No.
    *   Sense 40: travel or go by means of transportation - No.
    *   Sense 41: carry out - No.
    *   Sense 42: have with oneself - No.

    *   The context is "takes about three hours."
    *   Sense 37: "require (time or space) | synonyms=occupy, use up | examples=It took three hours to get to work this morning".
    *   This matches perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: about
Target surface form: about
Context:
Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes <t>about</t> three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=about%4:02:04:: | definition=used of movement to or among many different places or in no particular direction | synonyms=around | examples=wandering about with no place to go; people were rushing about
2. sense_key=about%4:02:02:: | definition=in or to a reversed position or direction | synonyms=around | examples=about face; suddenly she turned around
3. sense_key=about%4:02:00:: | definition=(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct | synonyms=approximately, close to, just about, some, roughly, more or less | examples=lasted approximately an hour; in just about a minute
4. sense_key=about%4:02:05:: | definition=(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but | synonyms=almost, most, nearly, near, nigh, virtually | examples=the job is (just) about done; the baby was almost asleep when the alarm sounded
5. sense_key=about%4:02:03:: | definition=in rotation or succession | examples=turn about is fair play
6. sense_key=about%4:02:01:: | definition=in the area or vicinity | synonyms=around | examples=a few spectators standing about; hanging around
7. sense_key=about%4:02:06:: | definition=all around or on all sides | synonyms=around | examples=dirty clothes lying around (or about); let's look about for help

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "about"
    *   Target surface form: "about"
    *   Context: "A series of 5,000 or so changes is a 'peal' and takes <t>about</t> three hours."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  Movement to/among different places (around).
        2.  Reversed position/direction (around).
        3.  Imprecise but fairly close to correct (approximately).
        4.  Slightly short of/not quite accomplished (almost).
        5.  In rotation or succession.
        6.  In the area or vicinity (around).
        7.  All around or on all sides (around).

    *   The sentence is: "A series of 5,000 or so changes is a 'peal' and takes about three hours."
    *   "about three hours" refers to a quantity of time.
    *   It indicates that the time is not exactly three hours, but close to it.

    *   Sense 1: Movement (No)
    *   Sense 2: Reversed position (No)
    *   Sense 3: Imprecise but fairly close to correct (approximately) (Yes)
    *   Sense 4: Slightly short of (almost) (No - "about three hours" usually means approximately, not necessarily "almost three hours" in the sense of "not quite")
    *   Sense 5: Rotation/succession (No)
    *   Sense 6: Area/vicinity (No)
    *   Sense 7: All around (No)

    *   Sense 3 definition: "(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct"
    *   Synonyms: "approximately, close to, just about, some, roughly, more or less"
    *   Example: "lasted approximately an hour"
    *   This matches "about three hours" perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: hour
Target surface form: hours
Context:
Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three <t>hours</t>. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=hour%1:28:02:: | definition=a special and memorable period | examples=it was their finest hour
2. sense_key=hour%1:07:00:: | definition=distance measured by the time taken to cover it | synonyms=minute | examples=we live an hour from the airport; its just 10 minutes away
3. sense_key=hour%1:28:01:: | definition=clock time | synonyms=time of day | examples=the hour is getting late
4. sense_key=hour%1:28:00:: | definition=a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day | synonyms=hr, 60 minutes | examples=the job will take more than an hour

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `hour`
    *   Target surface form: `hours`
    *   Context: "A series of 5,000 or so changes is a 'peal' and takes about three <t>hours</t>."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `hour%1:28:02::`: a special and memorable period (e.g., "finest hour")
        2.  `hour%1:07:00::`: distance measured by time (e.g., "an hour from the airport")
        3.  `hour%1:28:01::`: clock time (e.g., "the hour is getting late")
        4.  `hour%1:28:00::`: a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day (e.g., "the job will take more than an hour")

    *   The sentence says a "peal" (a series of changes in bell ringing) "takes about three hours."
    *   This refers to the duration of the activity.
    *   "Three hours" indicates a quantity of time (3 * 60 minutes).

    *   Sense 1: Memorable period. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Distance. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 3: Clock time/time of day. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 4: A period of time equal to 1/24th of a day (60 minutes). (Correct)

    *   The context "takes about three hours" clearly refers to the duration of time, which matches Sense 4.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: look
Target surface form: look
Context:
Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A <t>look</t> at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=look%1:07:01:: | definition=the feelings expressed on a person's face | synonyms=expression, aspect, facial expression, face | examples=a sad expression; a look of triumph
2. sense_key=look%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually | synonyms=looking, looking at | examples=he went out to have a look; his look was fixed on her eyes
3. sense_key=look%1:07:00:: | definition=physical appearance | examples=I don't like the looks of this place
4. sense_key=look%1:26:00:: | definition=the general atmosphere of a place or situation and the effect that it has on people | synonyms=spirit, tone, feel, feeling, flavor, flavour | examples=the feel of the city excited him; a clergyman improved the tone of the meeting

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `look`
    *   Target surface form: `look`
    *   Context: "A <t>look</t> at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `look%1:07:01::`: feelings expressed on a person's face (expression).
        2.  `look%1:04:00::`: the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually (looking at).
        3.  `look%1:07:00::`: physical appearance.
        4.  `look%1:26:00::`: general atmosphere of a place or situation.

    *   The sentence says: "A look at a Thursday night practice... gives an idea of the work involved."
    *   In this context, "a look" means the act of observing or watching the practice.
    *   It's not about a facial expression (Sense 1).
    *   It's not about the physical appearance of the practice (Sense 3) in the sense of "the look of the room," but rather the act of observing the activity.
    *   It's not about the general atmosphere/spirit (Sense 4).
    *   It fits "the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually" (Sense 2).

    *   Sense 2: "the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually"
    *   Example: "he went out to have a look"
    *   Context: "A look at a Thursday night practice... gives an idea..." (Similar to "Taking a look at the practice...")

    *   Sense 1: Facial expression (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Act of looking (Correct)
    *   Sense 3: Physical appearance (Incorrect - "the look of the church" would be appearance, but "a look at the practice" is the act of observing)
    *   Sense 4: Atmosphere (Incorrect)


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: night
Target surface form: night
Context:
Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday <t>night</t> practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=night%1:28:04:: | definition=the period spent sleeping | examples=I had a restless night
2. sense_key=night%1:28:03:: | definition=the time between sunset and midnight | examples=he watched television every night
3. sense_key=night%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of ignorance or backwardness or gloom
4. sense_key=night%1:28:00:: | definition=the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside | synonyms=nighttime, dark
5. sense_key=night%1:18:00:: | definition=Roman goddess of night; daughter of Erebus; counterpart of Greek Nyx | synonyms=Nox
6. sense_key=night%1:28:05:: | definition=a shortening of nightfall | examples=they worked from morning to night
7. sense_key=night%1:26:00:: | definition=darkness | examples=it vanished into the night
8. sense_key=night%1:28:02:: | definition=the dark part of the diurnal cycle considered a time unit | examples=three nights later he collapsed

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 8}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 8}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `night`
    *   Target surface form: `night`
    *   Context: "A look at a Thursday <t>night</t> practice at St. Mary Abbot church..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `night%1:28:04`: period spent sleeping.
        2.  `night%1:28:03`: time between sunset and midnight.
        3.  `night%1:28:01`: period of ignorance/backwardness/gloom.
        4.  `night%1:28:00`: time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside.
        5.  `night%1:18:00`: Roman goddess of night.
        6.  `night%1:28:05`: shortening of nightfall.
        7.  `night%1:26:00`: darkness.
        8.  `night%1:28:02`: the dark part of the diurnal cycle considered a time unit.

    *   The phrase is "Thursday night practice".
    *   Here, "night" refers to the time of day when the practice takes place.
    *   It's used as a time unit or a specific time period within a day (Thursday).

    *   Sense 1 (sleeping): No.
    *   Sense 2 (sunset to midnight): Too narrow.
    *   Sense 3 (ignorance): No.
    *   Sense 4 (after sunset, before sunrise): This is the general definition of the time of day.
    *   Sense 5 (goddess): No.
    *   Sense 6 (nightfall): No.
    *   Sense 7 (darkness): No.
    *   Sense 8 (dark part of the diurnal cycle considered a time unit): "Thursday night" fits this well, as it's treating "night" as a unit of time (like "Monday morning" or "Tuesday afternoon").

    *   Sense 4 is the general time period.
    *   Sense 8 is the time unit.
    *   In "Thursday night practice", "night" specifies *which* part of the day the practice occurs. This is very similar to how "Monday morning" works.
    *   Let's look at the examples for Sense 8: "three nights later he collapsed". This shows "night" as a countable unit.
    *   Let's look at Sense 4: "the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside".
    *   In "Thursday night", "night" is acting as a modifier for "practice", but it refers to the time of day.
    *   Comparing Sense 4 and Sense 8: Sense 4 is the *period* itself, Sense 8 is the *unit* of time. "Thursday night" is a specific instance of that unit.

    *   Wait, let's re-evaluate Sense 4 vs Sense 8.
    *   Sense 4: "the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside"
    *   Sense 8: "the dark part of the diurnal cycle considered a time unit"
    *   "Thursday night" is a specific night. This aligns better with the "time unit" aspect (Sense 8) because it's one of the nights in a sequence (Monday night, Tuesday night, etc.).

    *   Sense 4: General concept of nighttime.
    *   Sense 8: A specific night or nights as units.
    *   "Thursday night" refers to the specific night of Thursday.

    *   Sense 8: "the dark part of the diurnal cycle considered a time unit" (Example: "three nights later").
    *   Sense 4: "the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside".
    *   In "Thursday night practice", "night" is used to specify the time of the practice. This is a common usage of the time unit sense.

    *   Sense 2: "the time between sunset and midnight". (Too specific).
    *   Sense 4: "the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside".
    *   Sense 8: "the dark part of the diurnal cycle considered a time unit".
    *   If I say "I'll see you Friday night", I'm referring to a specific unit of time.

    *   Sense 4 is the general state/period.
    *   Sense 8 is the countable unit.
    *   "Thursday night" is a specific unit.

    *   Sense 4: nighttime.
    *   Sense 8: a night.
    *   "Thursday night" = the night of Thursday. This is a specific instance of the unit.

    *   Sense 4: "the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside"
    *   Sense 8: "the dark part of the diurnal cycle considered a time unit"
    *   In "Thursday night practice", "night" is used as an attributive noun. It's identifying the specific time unit (the night of Thursday).

    *   Sense 8 is the most precise for "Thursday night".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: practice
Target surface form: practice
Context:
Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night <t>practice</t> at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=practice%1:04:04:: | definition=translating an idea into action | synonyms=praxis | examples=a hard theory to put into practice; differences between theory and praxis of communism
2. sense_key=practice%1:04:02:: | definition=systematic training by multiple repetitions | synonyms=exercise, drill, practice session, recitation | examples=practice makes perfect
3. sense_key=practice%1:04:00:: | definition=a customary way of operation or behavior | synonyms=pattern | examples=it is their practice to give annual raises; they changed their dietary pattern
4. sense_key=practice%1:04:03:: | definition=the exercise of a profession | examples=the practice of the law; I took over his practice when he retired
5. sense_key=practice%1:09:00:: | definition=knowledge of how something is usually done | examples=it is not the local practice to wear shorts to dinner

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `practice`
    *   Target surface form: `practice`
    *   Context: "A look at a Thursday night <t>practice</t> at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved."
    *   Surrounding context: The text describes bell ringing, memorizing patterns ("methods"), and the physical effort involved. A "Thursday night practice" refers to a session where the ringers gather to train or rehearse their skills.

    *   Sense 1: `practice%1:04:04` - translating an idea into action (praxis). (Incorrect: Not about theory vs. action).
    *   Sense 2: `practice%1:04:02` - systematic training by multiple repetitions (exercise, drill, practice session). (Correct: A "Thursday night practice" is a practice session for training).
    *   Sense 3: `practice%1:04:00` - a customary way of operation or behavior (pattern). (Incorrect: Not referring to a habit or custom).
    *   Sense 4: `practice%1:04:03` - the exercise of a profession (e.g., law practice). (Incorrect: Bell ringing here is a skill/hobby/activity, not a professional practice in the medical/legal sense).
    *   Sense 5: `practice%1:09:00` - knowledge of how something is usually done. (Incorrect: Not referring to knowledge).

    *   The context "Thursday night practice" clearly refers to a scheduled session for training or rehearsing the bell ringing methods. This aligns perfectly with "systematic training by multiple repetitions" and the synonym "practice session".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: church
Target surface form: church
Context:
Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot <t>church</t> in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=church%1:14:00:: | definition=one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship | synonyms=Christian church
2. sense_key=church%1:14:01:: | definition=the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church | examples=our church is hosting a picnic next week
3. sense_key=church%1:06:00:: | definition=a place for public (especially Christian) worship | synonyms=church building | examples=the church was empty
4. sense_key=church%1:04:00:: | definition=a service conducted in a house of worship | synonyms=church service | examples=don't be late for church

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `church`
    *   Target surface form: `church`
    *   Context: "A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot <t>church</t> in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `church%1:14:00::`: group of Christians (denomination).
        2.  `church%1:14:01::`: body of people (congregation).
        3.  `church%1:06:00::`: place for public worship (building).
        4.  `church%1:04:00::`: service conducted in a house of worship (service).

    *   The sentence mentions "St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London".
    *   It describes a "Thursday night practice" taking place there.
    *   It mentions "Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle... each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber."
    *   The context clearly refers to a physical location/building where bell ringing takes place.

    *   Sense 1 (denomination) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 2 (congregation) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 3 (building) - Correct. "St. Mary Abbot church" refers to the physical structure.
    *   Sense 4 (service) - Incorrect.

    *   The target word "church" in "St. Mary Abbot church" refers to the building.
    *   Sense index 3 corresponds to "a place for public (especially Christian) worship" / "church building".