[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dog
Target surface form: dog
Context:
Cerenia blocks a neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor, which acts in the central nervous system. How has Cerenia been studied? A large number of studies with Cerenia were carried out either in laboratory dogs or in animal patients at veterinary practises in several European countries and in the USA. What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting <t>dog</t> should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dog%1:06:01:: | definition=metal supports for logs in a fireplace | synonyms=andiron, firedog, dog-iron | examples=the andirons were too hot to touch
2. sense_key=dog%1:18:02:: | definition=someone who is morally reprehensible | synonyms=cad, bounder, blackguard, hound, heel | examples=you dirty dog
3. sense_key=dog%1:05:00:: | definition=a member of the genus Canis (probably descended from the common wolf) that has been domesticated by man since prehistoric times; occurs in many breeds | synonyms=domestic dog, Canis familiaris | examples=the dog barked all night
4. sense_key=dog%1:18:01:: | definition=a dull unattractive unpleasant girl or woman | synonyms=frump | examples=she got a reputation as a frump; she's a real dog
5. sense_key=dog%1:18:00:: | definition=informal term for a man | examples=you lucky dog
6. sense_key=dog%1:06:00:: | definition=a hinged catch that fits into a notch of a ratchet to move a wheel forward or prevent it from moving backward | synonyms=pawl, detent, click
7. sense_key=dog%1:13:01:: | definition=a smooth-textured sausage of minced beef or pork usually smoked; often served on a bread roll | synonyms=frank, frankfurter, hotdog, wiener, wienerwurst, weenie

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "dog"
    *   Target surface form: "dog"
    *   Context: A medical text about a drug called Cerenia used to treat vomiting in animals, specifically mentioning "laboratory dogs", "veterinary practises", and "vomiting <t>dog</t>".
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  Metal supports for logs (andiron).
        2.  Morally reprehensible person.
        3.  Domesticated member of genus Canis (domestic dog).
        4.  Unattractive woman.
        5.  Informal term for a man.
        6.  Hinged catch (pawl).
        7.  Sausage (hotdog).

    *   The context discusses veterinary medicine, "laboratory dogs", "animal patients", and "vomiting animals".
    *   The target word "dog" refers to the animal being treated.

    *   Sense 3: "a member of the genus Canis... domesticated by man... occurs in many breeds". This perfectly matches the context of veterinary medicine and animals.

    *   Sense 1: Fireplace support (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 2: Reprehensible person (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 4: Unattractive woman (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 5: Informal term for a man (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 6: Mechanical catch (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 7: Sausage (Incorrect).


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: start
Target surface form: started
Context:
Cerenia blocks a neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor, which acts in the central nervous system. How has Cerenia been studied? A large number of studies with Cerenia were carried out either in laboratory dogs or in animal patients at veterinary practises in several European countries and in the USA. What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be <t>started</t> with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=start%2:41:00:: | definition=begin work or acting in a certain capacity, office or job | synonyms=take up | examples=Take up a position; start a new job
2. sense_key=start%2:38:00:: | definition=begin or set in motion | synonyms=go, get going | examples=I start at eight in the morning; Ready, set, go!
3. sense_key=start%2:30:00:: | definition=take the first step or steps in carrying out an action | synonyms=get down, begin, get, start out, set about, set out | examples=We began working at dawn; Who will start?
4. sense_key=start%2:33:00:: | definition=play in the starting lineup
5. sense_key=start%2:38:01:: | definition=get going or set in motion | synonyms=start up | examples=We simply could not start the engine; start up the computer
6. sense_key=start%2:42:03:: | definition=have a beginning characterized in some specified way | synonyms=begin | examples=The novel begins with a murder; My property begins with the three maple trees
7. sense_key=start%2:30:01:: | definition=set in motion, cause to start | synonyms=begin, lead off, commence | examples=The U.S. started a war in the Middle East; The Iraqis began hostilities
8. sense_key=start%2:38:02:: | definition=leave | synonyms=depart, part, start out, set forth, set off, set out | examples=The family took off for Florida
9. sense_key=start%2:36:01:: | definition=get off the ground | synonyms=start up, embark on, commence | examples=Who started this company?; We embarked on an exciting enterprise
10. sense_key=start%2:42:00:: | definition=have a beginning, in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense | synonyms=begin | examples=The DMZ begins right over the hill; The second movement begins after the Allegro
11. sense_key=start%2:36:00:: | definition=bring into being | synonyms=originate, initiate | examples=He initiated a new program; Start a foundation
12. sense_key=start%2:38:03:: | definition=bulge outward | synonyms=protrude, pop, pop out, bulge, bulge out, bug out | examples=His eyes popped
13. sense_key=start%2:41:04:: | definition=begin an event that is implied and limited by the nature or inherent function of the direct object | synonyms=begin | examples=begin a cigar; She started the soup while it was still hot
14. sense_key=start%2:38:04:: | definition=move or jump suddenly, as if in surprise or alarm | synonyms=startle, jump | examples=She startled when I walked into the room

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: length

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `start`
    *   Target surface form: `started`
    *   Context: "The treatment of a vomiting dog should be <t>started</t> with the injection..."
    *   Meaning: The process of treating the dog should begin with an injection.

    *   1: begin work/job (e.g., start a new job) - No.
    *   2: begin or set in motion (intransitive, e.g., "I start at eight") - No.
    *   3: take the first step or steps in carrying out an action (e.g., "We began working at dawn") - This is close, but usually refers to the agent starting the action.
    *   4: play in the starting lineup - No.
    *   5: get going or set in motion (mechanical, e.g., "start the engine") - No.
    *   6: have a beginning characterized in some specified way (e.g., "The novel begins with a murder") - This fits well. The treatment (subject) begins with (is characterized by) the injection.
    *   7: set in motion, cause to start (transitive, e.g., "started a war") - This is about initiating an event.
    *   8: leave (e.g., "took off for Florida") - No.
    *   9: get off the ground (e.g., "started this company") - No.
    *   10: have a beginning (temporal, spatial, evaluative) (e.g., "The DMZ begins right over the hill") - Similar to 6, but 6 emphasizes the *way* it begins.
    *   11: bring into being (e.g., "initiated a new program") - No.
    *   12: bulge outward - No.
    *   13: begin an event implied by the nature of the object (e.g., "begin a cigar") - No.
    *   14: move or jump suddenly - No.

    *   Sentence: "The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection..."
    *   Passive voice: "The treatment... should be started with the injection."
    *   Active voice equivalent: "One should start the treatment with the injection."
    *   If we look at "start the treatment", is it "set in motion" (7), "take the first step" (3), or "have a beginning characterized in some way" (6)?
    *   Wait, let's re-examine sense 6: "have a beginning characterized in some specified way" (Example: "The novel begins with a murder").
    *   "The treatment... should be started with the injection."
    *   If we treat "started" as a passive form of "start" (transitive), we need a sense where "start" means to begin a process.
    *   Sense 3: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action" (synonyms: begin, get down).
    *   Sense 7: "set in motion, cause to start" (synonyms: begin, lead off, commence).
    *   Sense 6: "have a beginning characterized in some specified way" (synonyms: begin). Example: "The novel begins with a murder."
    *   Compare: "The treatment begins with the injection" (Active, Sense 6) vs "The treatment is started with the injection" (Passive).
    *   If the sentence is "The treatment... should be started with the injection", the agent is implied (the vet). The vet starts the treatment.
    *   "Start the treatment" -> Sense 3 (take the first step in carrying out an action) or Sense 7 (set in motion).
    *   Let's look at Sense 3 again: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action". Example: "We began working at dawn".
    *   Let's look at Sense 7 again: "set in motion, cause to start". Example: "The U.S. started a war".
    *   Actually, "start the treatment" is very similar to "begin the treatment".
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 6: "have a beginning characterized in some specified way". Example: "The novel begins with a murder".
    *   If the sentence was "The treatment should start with the injection", Sense 6 would be perfect.
    *   But the sentence is "The treatment... should be started with the injection". This is passive.
    *   If it's passive, the active is "Someone should start the treatment with the injection."
    *   "Start the treatment" = begin the process of treating.
    *   Sense 3: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action".
    *   Sense 7: "set in motion, cause to start".
    *   Sense 11: "bring into being".
    *   Let's look at the examples for Sense 3: "We began working at dawn".
    *   Let's look at the examples for Sense 7: "The U.S. started a war".
    *   "Starting a treatment" is more like "starting a process" or "taking the first step".
    *   Wait, let's look at Sense 3 again. "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action".
    *   Is "treatment" an action? Yes.
    *   Is "starting the treatment" taking the first step? Yes.

    *   Sense 3: take the first step or steps in carrying out an action.
    *   Sense 7: set in motion, cause to start.
    *   Sense 6: have a beginning characterized in some specified way. (This is intransitive).
    *   The target word is "started" in "should be started". This is the passive form of a transitive verb.
    *   Sense 6 is intransitive ("The novel begins...").
    *   Sense 3 can be transitive ("Who will start?"). Wait, the example "Who will start?" is intransitive. But the definition "take the first step... in carrying out an action" can be used transitively (e.g., "start the process").
    *   Sense 7 is definitely transitive ("started a war").
    *   Let's compare "start a war" (7) and "start a treatment" (3 or 7).
    *   "Start a war" is initiating a state of conflict.
    *   "Start a treatment" is beginning a medical procedure.
    *   Let's look at Sense 3 again: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action". This fits "starting a treatment" very well.

    *   Sense 3: take the first step or steps in carrying out an action.
    *   Sense 7: set in motion, cause to start.
    *   Sense 11: bring into being.
    *   "Start the treatment" means to begin the process of treating. This is most closely aligned with "taking the first step in carrying out an action".

    *   Wait, let me double-check Sense 3's examples: "We began working at dawn; Who will start?". These are intransitive.
    *   Let me double-check Sense 7's examples: "The U.S. started a war in the Middle East; The Iraqis began hostilities". These are transitive.
    *   If "started" in "should be started" is the passive of a transitive verb, Sense 7 is a stronger candidate than Sense 3 if Sense 3 is primarily intransitive.
    *   However, "start a war" is a very specific kind of "starting" (initiating a conflict).
    *   Is there another sense?
    *   Sense 11: "bring into being" (initiate a program, start a foundation).
    *   "Start a treatment" isn't really "bringing it into being" (like a foundation).
    *   Let's look at Sense 3 again. "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action". Even if the examples are intransitive, the definition fits "starting a treatment" perfectly.
    *   Let's look at Sense 7 again. "set in motion, cause to start". "Set the treatment in motion"? Possible.

    *   "The treatment... should be started with the injection."
    *   This means the first step of the treatment should be the injection.
    *   This matches Sense 3: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action".

    *   Sense 3: take the first step or steps in carrying out an action.
    *   Sense 7: set in motion, cause to start.
    *   Sense 6: have a beginning characterized in some specified way.
    *   If the sentence was "The treatment should start with the injection", it would be Sense 6.
    *   Because it is "should be started", it's the passive of "start the treatment".
    *   "Start the treatment" = "begin the treatment".
    *   Looking at the synonyms for Sense 3: "get down, begin, get, start out, set about, set out".
    *   Looking at the synonyms for Sense 7: "begin, lead off, commence".
    *   Both 3 and 7 have "begin".
    *   Sense 3 is about the *process* of carrying out an action.
    *   Sense 7 is about *causing* something to start.
    *   "Starting a treatment" is more about beginning the process of the treatment.

    *   Sense 3: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action"
    *   Sense 7: "set in motion, cause to start"
    *   In medical contexts, "starting a treatment" usually means beginning the administration of the medicine. This is "taking the first step in carrying out the action" of treating the patient.

    *   Wait, let me look at Sense 3 again. "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action".
    *   Example: "We began working at dawn".
    *   If I say "I started the treatment", I am taking the first step in carrying out the action of treating.
    *   If I say "The treatment was started", it means the first step was taken.
    *   This seems to fit Sense 3 better than Sense 7 ("cause to start"). You don't "cause" a treatment to start in the same way you "cause" a war to start. You *begin* the treatment.

    *   Sense 3: take the first step or steps in carrying out an action.
    *   Sense 7: set in motion, cause to start.
    *   Sense 11: bring into being.
    *   Sense 6: have a beginning characterized in some specified way.
    *   Let's re-read Sense 6: "have a beginning characterized in some specified way". Example: "The novel begins with a murder".
    *   If we say "The treatment should be started with the injection", is it possible that "be started" is just a passive way of saying "begin"?
    *   "The treatment should begin with the injection" (Active, Sense 6)
    *   "The treatment should be started with the injection" (Passive)
    *   In many cases, "be started" is used interchangeably with "begin" in this context.
    *   However, "be started" implies an agent.
    *   If we have an agent, "start the treatment" = "begin the treatment".
    *   "Begin the treatment" = "take the first step in carrying out the action of treating". (Sense 3).

    *   Sense 3: take the first step or steps in carrying out an action.
    *   Sense 7: set in motion, cause to start.
    *   Let's look at Sense 7 again. "The U.S. started a war". "The Iraqis began hostilities".
    *   These are about initiating a state or a series of events.
    *   "Starting a treatment" is also initiating a series of events (the treatment plan).
    *   But "taking the first step" (Sense 3) feels more precise for a medical treatment.

    *   Wait, let me look at Sense 3's synonyms again: "get down, begin, get, start out, set about, set out".
    *   And Sense 7's synonyms: "begin, lead off, commence".
    *   Actually, Sense 3's examples are all intransitive.
    *   Sense 7's examples are all transitive.
    *   If the target is "be started" (passive), the active must be transitive.
    *   If Sense 3 is only intransitive, it can't be the answer.
    *   Let's re-examine Sense 3: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action".
    *   Can "take the first step" be transitive? "He took the first step in the process." (Yes, but "step" is the object).
    *   "He started the process." (Here "start" is transitive).
    *   Is "start the process" Sense 3 or Sense 7?
    *   Sense 3: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action".
    *   Sense 7: "set in motion, cause to start".
    *   "Start the process" = "set the process in motion".
    *   This points toward Sense 7.

    *   Sense 7: "set in motion, cause to start".
    *   Example: "The U.S. started a war".
    *   "The vet started the treatment".
    *   This fits.

    *   Sense 11: "bring into being" (initiate a program, start a foundation).
    *   "Start a treatment" is not really "bringing the treatment into being" (the treatment already exists as a concept/protocol). It's about *beginning* its application.

    *   Sense 6: "have a beginning characterized in some specified way".
    *   Example: "The novel begins with a murder".
    *   "The treatment begins with the injection".
    *   If the sentence was "The treatment should start with the injection", this would be the perfect fit.
    *   Is "should be started with" just a passive version of "should start with"?
    *   "The treatment should start with the injection" (Intransitive)
    *   "The treatment should be started with the injection" (Passive)
    *   In English, "The treatment starts with X" and "The treatment is started with X" are very similar, but the latter implies an agent.
    *   If there's an agent, we need a transitive sense of "start".
    *   Sense 7 is transitive. Sense 3's examples are intransitive.

    *   Sense 7: "set in motion, cause to start".
    *   This seems the most plausible transitive sense for "starting a treatment".

    *   Wait, let me look at Sense 3 again. "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action".
    *   If the "action" is "the treatment", then "starting the treatment" is "taking the first step in carrying out the treatment".
    *   This is a very strong fit for the meaning.
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 3 again: "begin".
    *   "Begin the treatment" is a very common phrase.
    *   Is "begin" in Sense 3 transitive? "We began working at dawn." (Here "working" is a gerund, acting as the object).
    *   So Sense 3 can be transitive.

    *   Sense 3: take the first step or steps in carrying out an action.
    *   Sense 7: set in motion, cause to start.
    *   "Start a war" (7) is more about initiating a state of conflict.
    *   "Start a treatment" (3) is more about beginning a process of care.
    *   Let's look at the examples for Sense 3 again: "We began working at dawn".
    *   This is very similar to "We began the treatment".

    *   Wait, I just noticed Sense 3's synonyms: "get down, begin, get, start out, set about, set out".
    *   And Sense 7's synonyms: "begin, lead off, commence".
    *   Let's look at Sense 3's definition again: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action".
    *   This is almost exactly what "starting a treatment" is.

    *   Sense 3: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action"
    *   Sense 7: "set in motion, cause to start"
    *   If you "start a treatment", you are taking the first step in the process of treating.
    *   If you "start a war", you are causing a war to begin.
    *   The "treatment" is the action being carried out.
    *   Therefore, Sense 3 is a better fit.

    *   Wait, let me double-check Sense 6 one more time. "have a beginning characterized in some specified way".
    *   "The treatment... should be started with the injection".
    *   If we interpret "be started" as "begin", then "The treatment should begin with the injection".
    *   This matches Sense 6 perfectly.
    *   Is "be started" always passive? Not necessarily, but "should be started" almost always is.
    *   If it's passive, we need a transitive verb.
    *   Sense 6 is intransitive.
    *   Sense 3 and 7 are transitive.
    *   Between 3 and 7, 3 ("take the first step in carrying out an action") is a better fit for "treatment" than 7 ("set in motion, cause to start").

    *   Wait, let me look at Sense 3's examples again: "We began working at dawn; Who will start

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: start
Target surface form: started
Context:
Cerenia blocks a neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor, which acts in the central nervous system. How has Cerenia been studied? A large number of studies with Cerenia were carried out either in laboratory dogs or in animal patients at veterinary practises in several European countries and in the USA. What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be <t>started</t> with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=start%2:41:00:: | definition=begin work or acting in a certain capacity, office or job | synonyms=take up | examples=Take up a position; start a new job
2. sense_key=start%2:38:00:: | definition=begin or set in motion | synonyms=go, get going | examples=I start at eight in the morning; Ready, set, go!
3. sense_key=start%2:30:00:: | definition=take the first step or steps in carrying out an action | synonyms=get down, begin, get, start out, set about, set out | examples=We began working at dawn; Who will start?
4. sense_key=start%2:33:00:: | definition=play in the starting lineup
5. sense_key=start%2:38:01:: | definition=get going or set in motion | synonyms=start up | examples=We simply could not start the engine; start up the computer
6. sense_key=start%2:42:03:: | definition=have a beginning characterized in some specified way | synonyms=begin | examples=The novel begins with a murder; My property begins with the three maple trees
7. sense_key=start%2:30:01:: | definition=set in motion, cause to start | synonyms=begin, lead off, commence | examples=The U.S. started a war in the Middle East; The Iraqis began hostilities
8. sense_key=start%2:38:02:: | definition=leave | synonyms=depart, part, start out, set forth, set off, set out | examples=The family took off for Florida
9. sense_key=start%2:36:01:: | definition=get off the ground | synonyms=start up, embark on, commence | examples=Who started this company?; We embarked on an exciting enterprise
10. sense_key=start%2:42:00:: | definition=have a beginning, in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense | synonyms=begin | examples=The DMZ begins right over the hill; The second movement begins after the Allegro
11. sense_key=start%2:36:00:: | definition=bring into being | synonyms=originate, initiate | examples=He initiated a new program; Start a foundation
12. sense_key=start%2:38:03:: | definition=bulge outward | synonyms=protrude, pop, pop out, bulge, bulge out, bug out | examples=His eyes popped
13. sense_key=start%2:41:04:: | definition=begin an event that is implied and limited by the nature or inherent function of the direct object | synonyms=begin | examples=begin a cigar; She started the soup while it was still hot
14. sense_key=start%2:38:04:: | definition=move or jump suddenly, as if in surprise or alarm | synonyms=startle, jump | examples=She startled when I walked into the room

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 14. Return only valid JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 7}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 7}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `start`
    *   Target surface form: `started`
    *   Context: "The treatment of a vomiting dog should be <t>started</t> with the injection..."
    *   Meaning: To begin the process of treating the dog.

    *   1: begin work/acting in a capacity (job/office) - No.
    *   2: begin or set in motion (intransitive, e.g., "I start at eight") - No.
    *   3: take the first step or steps in carrying out an action (e.g., "We began working at dawn") - Possible.
    *   4: play in the starting lineup - No.
    *   5: get going or set in motion (engine/computer) - No.
    *   6: have a beginning characterized in some specified way (e.g., "The novel begins with a murder") - This describes the *nature* of the beginning.
    *   7: set in motion, cause to start (e.g., "started a war") - This is transitive, causing something to begin.
    *   8: leave/depart - No.
    *   9: get off the ground (company/enterprise) - No.
    *   10: have a beginning (temporal/spatial) - No.
    *   11: bring into being (originate/initiate) - No.
    *   12: bulge outward - No.
    *   13: begin an event implied by the nature of the object (e.g., "begin a cigar") - No.
    *   14: move or jump suddenly - No.

    *   The sentence is: "The treatment... should be started with the injection."
    *   This is a passive construction. Active: "[One] should start the treatment with the injection."
    *   Sense 3: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action" (synonyms: begin, get down, set about).
    *   Sense 7: "set in motion, cause to start" (synonyms: begin, lead off, commence).
    *   Sense 6: "have a beginning characterized in some specified way" (synonyms: begin). Example: "The novel begins with a murder."

    *   "The treatment... should be started with the injection."
    *   Compare to "The novel begins with a murder." (Sense 6)
    *   Compare to "We began working at dawn." (Sense 3)
    *   Compare to "The U.S. started a war." (Sense 7)

    Wait, let's look at Sense 6 again: "have a beginning characterized in some specified way".
    "The treatment... should be started with the injection."
    Is "started" here acting as a passive verb (someone starts the treatment) or as a description of how the treatment begins?
    Actually, "The treatment... should be started" is clearly passive. "Someone should start the treatment."

    If it's "Someone should start the treatment," which sense fits "start the treatment"?
    Sense 3: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action" (e.g., "We began working at dawn").
    Sense 7: "set in motion, cause to start" (e.g., "started a war").

    Let's re-evaluate Sense 3 vs Sense 7.
    Sense 3 is often used for the person performing the action ("Who will start?").
    Sense 7 is "set in motion, cause to start".

    Let's look at Sense 6 again. "The novel begins with a murder." This is an intransitive use of "begin". "The treatment... should be started with the injection" is passive. If it were "The treatment should begin with the injection," it would be Sense 6. But it says "should be started".

    Wait, let's look at Sense 3 again: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action".
    Example: "We began working at dawn."
    If I "start the treatment," I am taking the first step in carrying out the action of treating the dog.

    Let's look at Sense 7: "set in motion, cause to start".
    Example: "The U.S. started a war."
    Starting a treatment is more like initiating a process.

    Let's look at Sense 11: "bring into being" (originate, initiate).
    Example: "He initiated a new program."
    Starting a treatment is similar to initiating a program.

    Let's re-read Sense 3: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action".
    If the action is "treating the dog", then "starting the treatment" is taking the first step.

    Let's check Sense 7 again: "set in motion, cause to start".
    "The U.S. started a war." (The war is the thing being set in motion).
    "The treatment was started." (The treatment is the thing being set in motion).

    Let's compare Sense 3 and Sense 7 again.
    Sense 3: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action"
    Sense 7: "set in motion, cause to start"

    Actually, looking at the examples:
    Sense 3: "We began working at dawn" (Intransitive or with a gerund).
    Sense 7: "The U.S. started a war" (Transitive).

    In "The treatment... should be started", "started" is the passive form of a transitive verb.
    Therefore, Sense 7 ("set in motion, cause to start") fits better than Sense 3.

    Wait, let me double-check Sense 11: "bring into being" (originate, initiate).
    "He initiated a new program."
    Is "starting a treatment" more like "starting a war" (Sense 7) or "initiating a program" (Sense 11)?
    A treatment is a process/action. A war is also a process/action. A program is an organization or a set of rules.

    Let's look at Sense 7 synonyms: "begin, lead off, commence".
    "The treatment should be commenced with the injection." (Fits well).

    Let's look at Sense 3 synonyms: "get down, begin, get, start out, set about, set out".
    "We began working at dawn."

    Let's look at Sense 6 again: "have a beginning characterized in some specified way".
    "The novel begins with a murder."
    If the sentence was "The treatment should begin with the injection," it would be Sense 6.
    But it is "should be started".

    Is "be started" just a passive way of saying "begin"?
    "The treatment should be started with the injection" = "The treatment should begin with the injection."
    In many contexts, "start" (transitive) and "begin" (intransitive) are used interchangeably.

    Let's re-examine Sense 7: "set in motion, cause to start".
    If you start a treatment, you are causing the treatment process to begin.

    Let's check Sense 3 again: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action".
    If the action is "treating the dog", then "starting the treatment" is taking the first step.

    Wait, let's look at the examples for Sense 3: "We began working at dawn; Who will start?"
    These are intransitive.

    Let's look at the examples for Sense 7: "The U.S. started a war in the Middle East; The Iraqis began hostilities".
    These are transitive.

    Since "The treatment... should be started" is the passive of a transitive verb ("Someone should start the treatment"), Sense 7 is a much better fit than Sense 3.

    Is there any other?
    Sense 11: "bring into being" (originate, initiate). "He initiated a new program."
    Starting a treatment isn't really "bringing it into being" (like creating a foundation), but rather "setting it in motion".

    Sense 7: "set in motion, cause to start".
    This fits "start the treatment" perfectly.

    Wait, let me double-check Sense 6 one more time.
    Sense 6: "have a beginning characterized in some specified way".
    Example: "The novel begins with a murder."
    If the sentence was "The treatment should start with the injection," it would be Sense 6.
    But "should be started" is passive.

    Let's compare:
    A: "The treatment should start with the injection." (Intransitive - Sense 6)
    B: "The treatment should be started with the injection." (Passive - Sense 7)

    In B, "started" is the passive of "start" (transitive).
    Sense 7 is the transitive "set in motion, cause to start".

    Final check:
    Sense 7: set in motion, cause to start. Synonyms: begin, lead off, commence.
    "The treatment should be commenced with the injection."
    This fits perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: injection
Target surface form: injection
Context:
Cerenia blocks a neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor, which acts in the central nervous system. How has Cerenia been studied? A large number of studies with Cerenia were carried out either in laboratory dogs or in animal patients at veterinary practises in several European countries and in the USA. What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the <t>injection</t>, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=injection%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of putting a liquid into the body by means of a syringe | synonyms=shot | examples=the nurse gave him a flu shot
2. sense_key=injection%1:04:00:: | definition=the forceful insertion of a substance under pressure
3. sense_key=injection%1:27:00:: | definition=any solution that is injected (as into the skin) | synonyms=injectant

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "injection"
    *   Context: "The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the <t>injection</t>, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `injection%1:04:01::`: the act of putting a liquid into the body by means of a syringe (shot).
        2.  `injection%1:04:00::`: the forceful insertion of a substance under pressure.
        3.  `injection%1:27:00::`: any solution that is injected (as into the skin) (injectant).

    *   The sentence compares "the injection" with "a tablet".
    *   "The treatment... should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down..."
    *   In this context, "injection" refers to the *form* of the medication (the liquid solution that is injected) as opposed to the *form* of the medication (the tablet).
    *   Sense 1 refers to the *act* of injecting.
    *   Sense 2 refers to the *forceful insertion* (general).
    *   Sense 3 refers to the *solution* that is injected (the substance/medication itself).

    *   "started with the injection" vs "keep a tablet down".
    *   A tablet is a physical object (the medication).
    *   The "injection" here is being contrasted with the "tablet".
    *   Is it the *act* of injecting or the *substance* being injected?
    *   Usually, when contrasting a pill/tablet with an injection in a medical context ("start with the injection"), it refers to the injectable form of the drug.
    *   Let's re-read: "The treatment... should be started with the injection... For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets..."
    *   This strongly suggests the injectable medication (the solution) rather than the act of administering it, although in common parlance, they are often interchangeable.
    *   However, comparing "the injection" (the drug form) to "the tablet" (the drug form) points toward sense 3 (the solution/injectant).

    *   Sense 1: "the act of putting a liquid into the body" (the process).
    *   Sense 3: "any solution that is injected" (the substance).
    *   If the sentence said "The treatment should be started with an injection," it could be either. But "the injection" contrasted with "the tablets" suggests the specific formulation of the drug.
    *   Wait, let's look at the phrasing again: "started with the injection". In medical instructions, "the injection" often refers to the injectable dose/formulation.
    *   Let's compare: "Take the pill" (the object) vs "Get the injection" (the act/object).
    *   Actually, in many contexts, "injection" is used for both. But "injectant" (Sense 3) specifically means the solution.
    *   Let's look at the contrast: "injection" vs "tablet". A tablet is a physical form of the drug. An injection (in this sense) is the liquid form of the drug.
    *   If I say "I prefer the tablet over the injection," I'm usually talking about the method/form of delivery.
    *   Sense 1: the act (shot).
    *   Sense 3: the solution (injectant).
    *   In "started with the injection", it's more likely referring to the injectable form of the medicine.

    *   Sense 1: "the nurse gave him a flu shot" (the act).
    *   Sense 3: "any solution that is injected" (the substance).
    *   "The treatment... should be started with the injection" -> "The treatment... should be started with the [injectable solution]". This fits better than "The treatment... should be started with the [act of putting a liquid into the body]".

    *   Sense 1: Act of injecting.
    *   Sense 3: The substance injected.
    *   Context: "started with the injection... since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down".
    *   The contrast is between the delivery method/form (injectable vs oral tablet).
    *   While "injection" often means the act, when contrasted with "tablet" (the object), it often refers to the injectable medication itself.
    *   Let's double-check. If you say "the injection is more effective than the tablet," you are talking about the drug form.
    *   Sense 3 is "any solution that is injected". This matches "the injectable form of the drug".

    *   Sense 1: the act of putting a liquid into the body by means of a syringe.
    *   Sense 3: any solution that is injected.
    *   "The treatment... should be started with the injection".
    *   If you start a treatment "with an injection", you are performing the act. If you start "with the injection" (referring to a specific product), you are using the injectable form.
    *   Given the contrast with "tablet", Sense 3 (the solution/injectant) is a very strong candidate.

    *   Sense 1: shot (the act).
    *   Sense 3: injectant (the solution).
    *   "The treatment... should be started with the injection [injectant], since... [they] might not be able to keep a tablet [pill] down."
    *   This is a contrast of medication forms.

    *   Sense 1: "the nurse gave him a flu shot" (act).
    *   Sense 3: "any solution that is injected" (substance).
    *   In the context of "started with the injection", it's referring to the injectable version of Cerenia.

    *   Sense 1: Act.
    *   Sense 3: Substance.
    *   "The treatment... should be started with the injection".
    *   If I say "Start with the liquid", I mean the substance. If I say "Start with the injection", I likely mean the injectable form of the drug.
    *   Therefore, Sense 3 is the most precise.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: able
Target surface form: able
Context:
Cerenia blocks a neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor, which acts in the central nervous system. How has Cerenia been studied? A large number of studies with Cerenia were carried out either in laboratory dogs or in animal patients at veterinary practises in several European countries and in the USA. What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be <t>able</t> to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=able%5:00:00:competent:00 | definition=have the skills and qualifications to do things well | synonyms=capable | examples=able teachers; a capable administrator
2. sense_key=able%3:00:00:: | definition=(usually followed by `to') having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something | examples=able to swim; she was able to program her computer
3. sense_key=able%5:00:00:fit:01 | definition=having a strong healthy body | synonyms=able-bodied | examples=an able seaman; every able-bodied young man served in the army
4. sense_key=able%5:00:00:capable:00 | definition=having inherent physical or mental ability or capacity | examples=able to learn; human beings are able to walk on two feet

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `able`
    *   Target surface form: `able`
    *   Context: "...vomiting animals might not be <t>able</t> to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again)."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `competent`: skills and qualifications (e.g., able teachers).
        2.  `having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something` (e.g., able to swim).
        3.  `fit`: strong healthy body (e.g., able-bodied).
        4.  `capable`: inherent physical or mental ability or capacity (e.g., able to learn, walk on two feet).

    *   The sentence is about animals that are vomiting.
    *   Because they are vomiting, they might not be "able to keep a tablet down."
    *   This refers to a physical possibility or capacity in a specific situation (the act of keeping a pill in the stomach), not a skill, a qualification, or general health/fitness.

    *   Sense 1 (competent): Incorrect. This is about skills/qualifications.
    *   Sense 2 (means/skill/know-how/authority): This is a general sense of "can" or "is capable of" in a specific instance.
    *   Sense 3 (fit): Incorrect. This is about being able-bodied.
    *   Sense 4 (inherent physical or mental ability): This refers to a general capacity (e.g., humans are able to walk).

    *   Sense 2: "having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something" (Example: "able to swim").
    *   Sense 4: "having inherent physical or mental ability or capacity" (Example: "human beings are able to walk on two feet").

    *   Is "keeping a tablet down" an inherent physical ability (Sense 4) or a situational possibility/means (Sense 2)?
    *   Vomiting is a temporary state that prevents the animal from keeping the tablet down. It's not that the animal lacks the *inherent* capacity to keep a tablet down (they usually can), but rather that in this specific state, they are not *able* to do so.
    *   Sense 2 is often used for situational ability ("I was able to find the keys"), whereas Sense 4 is for general capacity ("Birds are able to fly").
    *   In "might not be able to keep a tablet down," the inability is caused by the vomiting, making it a situational lack of "means" or "capacity" in that moment.

    *   Sense 2: "having the necessary means... to do something"
    *   Sense 4: "having inherent physical or mental ability or capacity"
    *   The context "vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down" fits Sense 2 better because it's a situational inability, not a lack of an inherent species-wide or individual-wide capacity.

    *   Sense 1: Competent (No)
    *   Sense 2: Situational ability/means (Yes)
    *   Sense 3: Fit/Able-bodied (No)
    *   Sense 4: Inherent capacity (No)


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: tablet
Target surface form: tablet
Context:
Cerenia blocks a neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor, which acts in the central nervous system. How has Cerenia been studied? A large number of studies with Cerenia were carried out either in laboratory dogs or in animal patients at veterinary practises in several European countries and in the USA. What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a <t>tablet</t> down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=tablet%1:06:00:: | definition=a dose of medicine in the form of a small pellet | synonyms=pill, lozenge, tab
2. sense_key=tablet%1:06:02:: | definition=a slab of stone or wood suitable for bearing an inscription
3. sense_key=tablet%1:06:01:: | definition=a small flat compressed cake of some substance | examples=a tablet of soap
4. sense_key=tablet%1:27:00:: | definition=a number of sheets of paper fastened together along one edge | synonyms=pad, pad of paper

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "tablet"
    *   Context: The text discusses a medicine called Cerenia used to treat vomiting in dogs. It mentions that treatment should start with an injection because vomiting animals might not be able to keep a "tablet" down (they might throw the intact tablet up again).
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `tablet%1:06:00::`: a dose of medicine in the form of a small pellet (synonyms: pill, lozenge, tab).
        2.  `tablet%1:06:02::`: a slab of stone or wood suitable for bearing an inscription.
        3.  `tablet%1:06:01::`: a small flat compressed cake of some substance (example: a tablet of soap).
        4.  `tablet%1:27:00::`: a number of sheets of paper fastened together along one edge (synonyms: pad, pad of paper).

    *   The context explicitly mentions "medicine", "injection", "vomiting", and "treatment".
    *   The "tablet" in this context is something a dog would ingest as medicine.
    *   Sense 1 specifically refers to a dose of medicine.

    *   Sense 1: Medicine pellet (Perfect fit).
    *   Sense 2: Stone/wood slab (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 3: Compressed cake (e.g., soap) (Incorrect, though medicine is a compressed cake, Sense 1 is more specific and accurate for medicine).
    *   Sense 4: Paper pad (Incorrect).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: intact
Target surface form: intact
Context:
Cerenia blocks a neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor, which acts in the central nervous system. How has Cerenia been studied? A large number of studies with Cerenia were carried out either in laboratory dogs or in animal patients at veterinary practises in several European countries and in the USA. What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the <t>intact</t> tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=intact%5:00:00:uncastrated:00 | definition=(used of domestic animals) sexually competent | synonyms=entire | examples=an entire horse
2. sense_key=intact%5:00:00:uninjured:00 | definition=(of a woman) having the hymen unbroken | synonyms=inviolate | examples=she was intact, virginal
3. sense_key=intact%5:00:00:undamaged:00 | definition=undamaged in any way | examples=the vase remained intact despit rough handling
4. sense_key=intact%5:00:00:whole:00 | definition=constituting the undiminished entirety; lacking nothing essential especially not damaged; - Bacon | synonyms=integral, entire | examples=a local motion keepeth bodies integral; was able to keep the collection entire during his lifetime

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `intact`
    *   Target surface form: `intact`
    *   Context: "...vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the <t>intact</t> tablet up again)."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `uncastrated` (sexually competent animals)
        2.  `uninjured` (hymen unbroken)
        3.  `undamaged` (undamaged in any way, e.g., a vase)
        4.  `whole` (constituting the undiminished entirety; lacking nothing essential)

    *   The sentence discusses a dog vomiting a tablet.
    *   "throw the intact tablet up again" means the tablet is vomited back up without having been dissolved or broken down in the stomach.
    *   It refers to the physical state of the tablet (not broken, not dissolved, still in its original form).

    *   Sense 1: `uncastrated` - Irrelevant.
    *   Sense 2: `uninjured` (hymen) - Irrelevant.
    *   Sense 3: `undamaged` - "undamaged in any way". A tablet that hasn't dissolved is technically undamaged/unaltered.
    *   Sense 4: `whole` - "constituting the undiminished entirety; lacking nothing essential".

    *   Sense 3 (`undamaged`) often refers to things that survived a potential accident (like the vase example).
    *   Sense 4 (`whole`) refers to the entirety of something, not being broken into pieces or diminished.
    *   In the context of a pill/tablet, "intact" means it hasn't broken apart or dissolved. This fits "whole" (undiminished entirety) or "undamaged".
    *   Looking at the examples:
        *   Sense 3: "the vase remained intact despite rough handling" (survived damage).
        *   Sense 4: "keep bodies integral", "keep the collection entire".
    *   Actually, in medical/pharmaceutical contexts, an "intact tablet" is one that is whole/undissolved.
    *   Comparing "undamaged" vs "whole":
        *   "Undamaged" implies it wasn't broken by an external force.
        *   "Whole" implies it is still in one piece.
    *   Let's re-read Sense 3: "undamaged in any way".
    *   Let's re-read Sense 4: "constituting the undiminished entirety; lacking nothing essential especially not damaged".
    *   Usually, "intact" in the sense of "not dissolved" or "not broken" aligns best with "undamaged" or "whole".
    *   Wait, let's look at the WordNet distinctions again.
    *   Sense 3: `undamaged` (e.g., vase).
    *   Sense 4: `whole` (e.g., integral, entire).
    *   If a dog throws up a tablet, the tablet is still "whole" (it hasn't broken down).
    *   Is "undamaged" better? A tablet that hasn't dissolved isn't necessarily "damaged" in the sense of a vase breaking, but it is "whole".
    *   However, in many WordNet-based datasets, "intact" meaning "not broken/dissolved" is mapped to "undamaged" or "whole".
    *   Let's look at the nuances:
        *   Sense 3: `undamaged` (physical integrity preserved).
        *   Sense 4: `whole` (completeness).
    *   A tablet that is not dissolved is physically intact/undamaged.
    *   Let's check common usage. "The pill remained intact" usually means it didn't dissolve.
    *   Between 3 and 4:
        *   3: "undamaged in any way"
        *   4: "constituting the undiminished entirety"
    *   A tablet that is not dissolved is still the "undiminished entirety" of the tablet.
    *   Actually, "undamaged" (Sense 3) is often used for things that *could* have been broken but weren't. "Whole" (Sense 4) is often used for things that are complete.
    *   In the context of a pill, "intact" means it hasn't started to break down. This is more about its physical state remaining "undamaged" by the stomach acid or "whole".
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 4: `integral`, `entire`.
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 3: (none provided).
    *   "The intact tablet" = "The whole tablet".
    *   "The intact tablet" = "The undamaged tablet".
    *   Usually, "intact" meaning "not broken" is Sense 3 in many WordNet versions. Let's double-check.
    *   Sense 3: `undamaged` (e.g., vase).
    *   Sense 4: `whole` (e.g., collection).
    *   A tablet is a physical object. If it's not broken/dissolved, it's undamaged/whole.
    *   Looking at the examples again: "the vase remained intact despite rough handling" (Sense 3). This is very similar to "the tablet remained intact despite being in the stomach".
    *   Sense 4's examples are more about collections or abstract bodies ("keep the collection entire").
    *   Therefore, Sense 3 is the better fit for a physical object like a tablet.

    *   Context: "throw the intact tablet up again"
    *   Meaning: The tablet is still in one piece, not dissolved.
    *   Sense 3: "undamaged in any way" (Example: vase).
    *   Sense 4: "constituting the undiminished entirety" (Example: collection).
    *   Sense 3 fits the physical object context better.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: tablet
Target surface form: tablet
Context:
Cerenia blocks a neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor, which acts in the central nervous system. How has Cerenia been studied? A large number of studies with Cerenia were carried out either in laboratory dogs or in animal patients at veterinary practises in several European countries and in the USA. What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact <t>tablet</t> up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=tablet%1:27:00:: | definition=a number of sheets of paper fastened together along one edge | synonyms=pad, pad of paper
2. sense_key=tablet%1:06:01:: | definition=a small flat compressed cake of some substance | examples=a tablet of soap
3. sense_key=tablet%1:06:02:: | definition=a slab of stone or wood suitable for bearing an inscription
4. sense_key=tablet%1:06:00:: | definition=a dose of medicine in the form of a small pellet | synonyms=pill, lozenge, tab

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "tablet"
    *   Context: The text discusses "Cerenia," a medicine used to treat vomiting in dogs. It mentions that vomiting animals might not be able to keep a "tablet" down and that owners can administer "tablets" for follow-up treatment.
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `tablet%1:27:00::`: sheets of paper (pad).
        2.  `tablet%1:06:01::`: small flat compressed cake (e.g., soap).
        3.  `tablet%1:06:02::`: slab of stone/wood for inscription.
        4.  `tablet%1:06:00::`: dose of medicine in the form of a small pellet (pill, lozenge).

    *   The context explicitly mentions "medicine," "treatment," "vomiting," and "administer the tablets to the dog."
    *   This clearly refers to a medicinal pill.

    *   Sense 4: "a dose of medicine in the form of a small pellet | synonyms=pill, lozenge, tab" matches perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: follow-up
Target surface form: follow-up
Context:
How has Cerenia been studied? A large number of studies with Cerenia were carried out either in laboratory dogs or in animal patients at veterinary practises in several European countries and in the USA. What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For <t>follow-up</t> treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=follow-up%1:06:00:: | definition=a piece of work that exploits or builds on earlier work | examples=his new software is a follow-up to the programs they started with
2. sense_key=follow-up%1:04:01:: | definition=an activity that continues something that has already begun or that repeats something that has already been done
3. sense_key=follow-up%1:04:00:: | definition=a subsequent examination of a patient for the purpose of monitoring earlier treatment | synonyms=reexamination, review

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `follow-up`
    *   Target surface form: `follow-up`
    *   Context: "The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection... For <t>follow-up</t> treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `follow-up%1:06:00`: a piece of work that exploits or builds on earlier work (e.g., software).
        2.  `follow-up%1:04:01`: an activity that continues something that has already begun or that repeats something that has already been done.
        3.  `follow-up%1:04:00`: a subsequent examination of a patient for the purpose of monitoring earlier treatment (synonyms: reexamination, review).

    *   The context describes a medical treatment process for dogs.
    *   Initial step: Injection (because the dog is vomiting and can't keep tablets down).
    *   Subsequent step: Tablets (administered by the owner).
    *   The phrase is "follow-up treatment".

    *   Sense 1: "piece of work that exploits or builds on earlier work" (usually refers to research, software, books). Not a fit.
    *   Sense 2: "an activity that continues something that has already begun or that repeats something that has already been done". This fits the idea of continuing the treatment (starting with injection, continuing with tablets).
    *   Sense 3: "a subsequent examination of a patient for the purpose of monitoring earlier treatment". This refers to a *check-up* or *examination* (reexamination, review), not the administration of further medication/treatment itself.

    *   The text says "follow-up treatment".
    *   Is "treatment" an "examination"? No.
    *   Is "treatment" an "activity that continues something that has already begun"? Yes.
    *   Sense 3 is specifically about *monitoring* (examination), whereas the context is about *administering* the medicine (tablets).

    *   Sense 2 is the most general and fits the continuation of the medical regimen.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: treatment
Target surface form: treatment
Context:
How has Cerenia been studied? A large number of studies with Cerenia were carried out either in laboratory dogs or in animal patients at veterinary practises in several European countries and in the USA. What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up <t>treatment</t>, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=treatment%1:04:00:: | definition=care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury) | synonyms=intervention
2. sense_key=treatment%1:04:01:: | definition=the management of someone or something | synonyms=handling | examples=the handling of prisoners; the treatment of water sewage
3. sense_key=treatment%1:07:00:: | definition=a manner of dealing with something artistically | examples=his treatment of space borrows from Italian architecture
4. sense_key=treatment%1:10:00:: | definition=an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic | synonyms=discussion, discourse | examples=the book contains an excellent discussion of modal logic; his treatment of the race question is badly biased

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `treatment`
    *   Target surface form: `treatment`
    *   Context: "For follow-up <t>treatment</t>, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses "Cerenia" (a medicine), "vomiting dogs," "placebo," "injection," "tablets," and "veterinary therapy."

    *   Sense 1: `treatment%1:04:00::` - care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury). Synonyms: intervention.
    *   Sense 2: `treatment%1:04:01::` - the management of someone or something. Synonyms: handling. Examples: handling of prisoners, treatment of water sewage.
    *   Sense 3: `treatment%1:07:00::` - a manner of dealing with something artistically.
    *   Sense 4: `treatment%1:10:00::` - an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic. Synonyms: discussion, discourse.

    *   The context is clearly medical/veterinary.
    *   "follow-up treatment" refers to the continued administration of medicine (tablets) to a dog to treat vomiting.
    *   This fits perfectly with Sense 1: "care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury)".

    *   Sense 1: Medical care/intervention. (Matches)
    *   Sense 2: Management/handling. (Does not match)
    *   Sense 3: Artistic dealing. (Does not match)
    *   Sense 4: Discussion/discourse. (Does not match)


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: owner
Target surface form: owner
Context:
How has Cerenia been studied? A large number of studies with Cerenia were carried out either in laboratory dogs or in animal patients at veterinary practises in several European countries and in the USA. What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal <t>owner</t> can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=owner%1:18:00:: | definition=(law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business | synonyms=proprietor | examples=he is the owner of a chain of restaurants
2. sense_key=owner%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who owns something | synonyms=possessor | examples=they are searching for the owner of the car; who is the owner of that friendly smile?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `owner`
    *   Target surface form: `owner`
    *   Context: "...For follow-up treatment, the animal <t>owner</t> can administer the tablets to the dog."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `owner%1:18:00::`: (law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business (proprietor).
        2.  `owner%1:18:02::`: a person who owns something (possessor).

    *   The context refers to an "animal owner" who administers tablets to their dog.
    *   Sense 1 refers specifically to owning a *business* (proprietor).
    *   Sense 2 refers to a person who owns *something* (general possessor).

    *   An animal owner is a person who owns an animal, not necessarily a business.
    *   Sense 2 is the general sense of ownership and fits perfectly.

    *   Sense 1: Business owner. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: General owner. (Correct)


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: administer
Target surface form: administer
Context:
How has Cerenia been studied? A large number of studies with Cerenia were carried out either in laboratory dogs or in animal patients at veterinary practises in several European countries and in the USA. What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can <t>administer</t> the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=administer%2:29:00:: | definition=give or apply (medications) | synonyms=dispense
2. sense_key=administer%2:40:01:: | definition=perform (a church sacrament) ritually | examples=administer the last unction
3. sense_key=administer%2:40:00:: | definition=administer or bestow, as in small portions | synonyms=distribute, mete out, deal, parcel out, lot, dispense | examples=administer critical remarks to everyone present; dole out some money
4. sense_key=administer%2:41:01:: | definition=direct the taking of | examples=administer an exam; administer an oath
5. sense_key=administer%2:41:00:: | definition=work in an administrative capacity; supervise or be in charge of | synonyms=administrate | examples=administer a program; she administers the funds

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `administer`
    *   Target surface form: `administer`
    *   Context: "For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can <t>administer</t> the tablets to the dog."
    *   Key elements: "animal owner", "administer", "tablets", "to the dog".

    *   Sense 1: `give or apply (medications)` | synonyms: `dispense`
    *   Sense 2: `perform (a church sacrament) ritually` | examples: `administer the last unction`
    *   Sense 3: `administer or bestow, as in small portions` | synonyms: `distribute, mete out, deal, parcel out, lot, dispense` | examples: `administer critical remarks to everyone present; dole out some money`
    *   Sense 4: `direct the taking of` | examples: `administer an exam; administer an oath`
    *   Sense 5: `work in an administrative capacity; supervise or be in charge of` | synonyms: `administrate` | examples: `administer a program; she administers the funds`

    *   The context is about giving "tablets" (medication) to a "dog".
    *   Sense 1 specifically mentions "give or apply (medications)".
    *   Sense 3 is about distributing small portions or bestowing (like money or remarks).
    *   Sense 4 is about exams or oaths.
    *   Sense 5 is about management/supervision.
    *   Sense 2 is about religious sacraments.

    *   Sense 1 is the perfect fit because "tablets" are medications.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: tablet
Target surface form: tablets
Context:
How has Cerenia been studied? A large number of studies with Cerenia were carried out either in laboratory dogs or in animal patients at veterinary practises in several European countries and in the USA. What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the <t>tablets</t> to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=tablet%1:27:00:: | definition=a number of sheets of paper fastened together along one edge | synonyms=pad, pad of paper
2. sense_key=tablet%1:06:02:: | definition=a slab of stone or wood suitable for bearing an inscription
3. sense_key=tablet%1:06:00:: | definition=a dose of medicine in the form of a small pellet | synonyms=pill, lozenge, tab
4. sense_key=tablet%1:06:01:: | definition=a small flat compressed cake of some substance | examples=a tablet of soap

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `tablet`
    *   Target surface form: `tablets`
    *   Context: The text discusses "Cerenia" (a medicine for vomiting in dogs). It mentions "injection," "medicine," "placebo," and "vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down." It then says, "For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `tablet%1:27:00::`: sheets of paper (pad).
        2.  `tablet%1:06:02::`: slab of stone/wood for inscription.
        3.  `tablet%1:06:00::`: dose of medicine (pill, lozenge, tab).
        4.  `tablet%1:06:01::`: small flat compressed cake (e.g., soap).

    *   The context explicitly mentions "medicine," "injection," and "treatment of a vomiting dog."
    *   The phrase "keep a tablet down" and "administer the tablets to the dog" clearly refers to medication.
    *   Sense 3 is "a dose of medicine in the form of a small pellet" with synonyms "pill, lozenge, tab." This fits perfectly.

    *   Sense 1 (paper) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 2 (stone/wood) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 4 (soap/cake) - Incorrect.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dog
Target surface form: dog
Context:
How has Cerenia been studied? A large number of studies with Cerenia were carried out either in laboratory dogs or in animal patients at veterinary practises in several European countries and in the USA. What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the <t>dog</t>. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dog%1:18:00:: | definition=informal term for a man | examples=you lucky dog
2. sense_key=dog%1:05:00:: | definition=a member of the genus Canis (probably descended from the common wolf) that has been domesticated by man since prehistoric times; occurs in many breeds | synonyms=domestic dog, Canis familiaris | examples=the dog barked all night
3. sense_key=dog%1:13:01:: | definition=a smooth-textured sausage of minced beef or pork usually smoked; often served on a bread roll | synonyms=frank, frankfurter, hotdog, wiener, wienerwurst, weenie
4. sense_key=dog%1:18:02:: | definition=someone who is morally reprehensible | synonyms=cad, bounder, blackguard, hound, heel | examples=you dirty dog
5. sense_key=dog%1:06:01:: | definition=metal supports for logs in a fireplace | synonyms=andiron, firedog, dog-iron | examples=the andirons were too hot to touch
6. sense_key=dog%1:18:01:: | definition=a dull unattractive unpleasant girl or woman | synonyms=frump | examples=she got a reputation as a frump; she's a real dog
7. sense_key=dog%1:06:00:: | definition=a hinged catch that fits into a notch of a ratchet to move a wheel forward or prevent it from moving backward | synonyms=pawl, detent, click

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `dog`
    *   Target surface form: `dog`
    *   Context: A text discussing the use of a medicine called Cerenia for treating vomiting in dogs. It mentions "laboratory dogs", "animal patients at veterinary practises", "vomiting dog", and "administer the tablets to the <t>dog</t>".
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  Informal term for a man.
        2.  Member of the genus Canis (domesticated).
        3.  Sausage (hotdog).
        4.  Morally reprehensible person.
        5.  Metal supports for logs (andiron).
        6.  Unattractive woman.
        7.  Hinged catch (pawl).

    *   The context is clearly about veterinary medicine and animals.
    *   The word "dog" refers to the animal being treated with Cerenia.
    *   Sense 2 ("a member of the genus Canis... domesticated by man") fits perfectly.

    *   Sense 1: Man (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Domesticated animal (Correct)
    *   Sense 3: Sausage (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 4: Reprehensible person (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 5: Fireplace support (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 6: Unattractive woman (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 7: Mechanical catch (Incorrect)


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: treatment
Target surface form: treatment
Context:
A large number of studies with Cerenia were carried out either in laboratory dogs or in animal patients at veterinary practises in several European countries and in the USA. What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the <t>treatment</t> of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting. What is the risk associated with Cerenia?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=treatment%1:04:00:: | definition=care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury) | synonyms=intervention
2. sense_key=treatment%1:10:00:: | definition=an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic | synonyms=discussion, discourse | examples=the book contains an excellent discussion of modal logic; his treatment of the race question is badly biased
3. sense_key=treatment%1:07:00:: | definition=a manner of dealing with something artistically | examples=his treatment of space borrows from Italian architecture
4. sense_key=treatment%1:04:01:: | definition=the management of someone or something | synonyms=handling | examples=the handling of prisoners; the treatment of water sewage

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "treatment"
    *   Target surface form: "treatment"
    *   Context: A text about a medicine called Cerenia used for dogs to stop vomiting. The specific sentence is: "Also, the <t>treatment</t> of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `treatment%1:04:00::`: care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury). Synonyms: intervention.
        2.  `treatment%1:10:00::`: an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic. Synonyms: discussion, discourse.
        3.  `treatment%1:07:00::`: a manner of dealing with something artistically.
        4.  `treatment%1:04:01::`: the management of someone or something. Synonyms: handling.

    *   The context is clearly medical/veterinary.
    *   "Cerenia" is a medicine.
    *   "vomiting" is the condition being addressed.
    *   "supportive measure or other veterinary therapy" are mentioned in the same sentence.
    *   The goal is to relieve the illness/injury (vomiting).

    *   Sense 1: Medical care/procedures to relieve illness. (Perfect fit)
    *   Sense 2: Communication/discussion. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 3: Artistic manner. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 4: Management/handling (e.g., sewage, prisoners). (Incorrect)

    *   The target word "treatment" in "the treatment of vomiting" refers to the medical intervention used to stop the vomiting. This aligns exactly with sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: only
Target surface form: only
Context:
A large number of studies with Cerenia were carried out either in laboratory dogs or in animal patients at veterinary practises in several European countries and in the USA. What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should <t>only</t> be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting. What is the risk associated with Cerenia?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=only%4:02:02:: | definition=and nothing more | synonyms=merely, simply, just, but | examples=I was merely asking; it is simply a matter of time
2. sense_key=only%4:02:04:: | definition=in the final outcome | examples=These news will only make you more upset
3. sense_key=only%4:02:06:: | definition=except that | examples=It was the same story; only this time she came out better
4. sense_key=only%4:02:05:: | definition=as recently as | examples=I spoke to him only an hour ago
5. sense_key=only%4:02:03:: | definition=never except when | synonyms=only if, only when | examples=call me only if your cold gets worse
6. sense_key=only%4:02:01:: | definition=without any others being included or involved | synonyms=entirely, exclusively, solely, alone | examples=was entirely to blame; a school devoted entirely to the needs of problem children
7. sense_key=only%4:02:00:: | definition=with nevertheless the final result | examples=He arrived only to find his wife dead; We won only to lose again in the next round

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "only"
    *   Target surface form: "only"
    *   Context: "Also, the treatment of vomiting should <t>only</t> be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting."

    *   The sentence says: "the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure..."
    *   This means the treatment *must* be accompanied by other measures; it should not be done alone.
    *   Wait, let me re-read: "the treatment of vomiting should <t>only</t> be together with other supportive measure... while addressing the underlying causes..."
    *   Actually, looking at the phrasing "should only be together with", it sounds like a restriction or a condition. It means "should be done *exclusively* in conjunction with" or "should *only* be done if it is together with".

    *   Sense 1: "and nothing more" (merely, simply, just). Example: "I was merely asking." (Doesn't fit well).
    *   Sense 2: "in the final outcome". Example: "These news will only make you more upset." (Doesn't fit).
    *   Sense 3: "except that". Example: "It was the same story; only this time..." (Doesn't fit).
    *   Sense 4: "as recently as". Example: "I spoke to him only an hour ago." (Doesn't fit).
    *   Sense 5: "never except when" (only if, only when). Example: "call me only if your cold gets worse." (This fits the conditional nature: "should be [done] only [when it is] together with...").
    *   Sense 6: "without any others being included or involved" (entirely, exclusively, solely, alone). Example: "was entirely to blame." (This fits the idea of "exclusively together with").
    *   Sense 7: "with nevertheless the final result". Example: "He arrived only to find his wife dead." (Doesn't fit).

    *   "the treatment of vomiting should <t>only</t> be together with other supportive measure..."
    *   If we replace "only" with "exclusively" (Sense 6): "the treatment... should exclusively be together with..." (Possible).
    *   If we replace "only" with "only if/when" (Sense 5): "the treatment... should [be done] only if [it is] together with..." (Very strong fit for medical advice/restrictions).
    *   If we replace "only" with "merely" (Sense 1): "the treatment... should merely be together with..." (Doesn't make much sense).

    *   Sense 6 (exclusively/solely) usually means "this and nothing else".
    *   Sense 5 (never except when) is a conditional restriction.
    *   The sentence "the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure" is essentially saying "Do not do this treatment alone; do it only in combination with other things."
    *   Comparing "exclusively" vs "only if":
        *   "The treatment should exclusively be together with..." (A bit awkward).
        *   "The treatment should only be [done] together with..." (Common way to express a condition).

    *   Wait, let's look at Sense 6 again: "without any others being included or involved". If the treatment is "together with other measures", then other measures *are* involved. So Sense 6 ("without any others") seems contradictory to "together with".
    *   Let's look at Sense 5: "never except when". "The treatment should [be done] never except when [it is] together with other supportive measures." This fits perfectly.

    *   Sense 1: merely/simply. "The treatment should merely be together with..." (No).
    *   Sense 5: only if/when. "The treatment should [be done] only if [it is] together with..." (Yes).
    *   Sense 6: exclusively/solely. "The treatment should exclusively be together with..." (Less likely than Sense 5).

    *   "the treatment of vomiting should <t>only</t> be together with other supportive measure..."
    *   This is a prescription/instruction. "You should only do X in combination with Y." This is a conditional requirement.
    *   Sense 5: "never except when". This matches the conditional requirement.

    *   Sense 5: "never except when" (only if, only when).
    *   Example: "call me only if your cold gets worse".
    *   Context: "treatment... should only be together with other supportive measure".
    *   This matches the pattern: [Action] should [only] [Condition].

    *   Sense 6: "without any others being included or involved".
    *   If the treatment is "only together with other measures", it means it's *not* alone. Sense 6 is about being alone/exclusive. This is the opposite of "together with".

    *   Sense 1: "and nothing more". "The treatment should merely be together with..." (Doesn't fit the restrictive medical tone).

    *   Sense 5 is the best fit for a conditional restriction ("only if/when").


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: other
Target surface form: other
Context:
A large number of studies with Cerenia were carried out either in laboratory dogs or in animal patients at veterinary practises in several European countries and in the USA. What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with <t>other</t> supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting. What is the risk associated with Cerenia?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=belonging to the distant past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
2. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail
3. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `other`
    *   Target surface form: `other`
    *   Context: "...the treatment of vomiting should only be together with <t>other</t> supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `other%5:00:02:past:00`: belonging to the distant past (early, former).
        2.  `other%5:00:00:strange:00`: very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected.
        3.  `other%3:00:00::`: not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied.
        4.  `other%5:00:00:past:00`: recently past.

    *   The sentence says: "the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy..."
    *   Here, "other" refers to supportive measures or veterinary therapies *in addition to* or *different from* the specific treatment (Cerenia) already discussed.
    *   It means "additional" or "different from the one mentioned."

    *   Sense 1: Distant past. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Strange/unusual. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 3: Not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied. (Correct - refers to additional measures/therapies besides Cerenia).
    *   Sense 4: Recently past. (Incorrect)

    *   Sense 3 fits perfectly. Example: "the construction of highways and other public works" matches the structure "Cerenia and other supportive measures."