[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: belief
Target surface form: beliefs
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These <t>beliefs</t> so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=belief%1:09:00:: | definition=any cognitive content held as true
2. sense_key=belief%1:09:01:: | definition=a vague idea in which some confidence is placed | synonyms=impression, feeling, notion, opinion | examples=his impression of her was favorable; what are your feelings about the crisis?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `belief`
    *   Target surface form: `beliefs`
    *   Context: "...effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular... These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `belief%1:09:00::`: any cognitive content held as true.
        2.  `belief%1:09:01::`: a vague idea in which some confidence is placed (synonyms: impression, feeling, notion, opinion).

    *   The text mentions "cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature".
    *   "Metaphysical beliefs" suggests a set of convictions or propositions held to be true about the nature of reality/existence (human nature).
    *   These beliefs "dominate our educational establishment," implying they are foundational principles or convictions.

    *   Sense 1 (`belief%1:09:00::`) is a broad definition: "any cognitive content held as true." This fits well with "metaphysical beliefs" (convictions about human nature).
    *   Sense 2 (`belief%1:09:01::`) is more about "vague ideas," "impressions," or "feelings." Metaphysical beliefs about human nature that dominate an establishment are typically more structured than mere "vague ideas" or "impressions."

    *   The context refers to "metaphysical beliefs," which are typically treated as truths or convictions (Sense 1) rather than just vague impressions (Sense 2).

    *   Sense 1 is the most accurate fit.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: so
Target surface form: so
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs <t>so</t> dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=so%4:02:09:: | definition=subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors) | synonyms=then, and so, and then | examples=then he left; go left first, then right
2. sense_key=so%4:02:00:: | definition=in truth (often tends to intensify) | synonyms=indeed | examples=they said the car would break down and indeed it did; it is very cold indeed
3. sense_key=so%4:02:07:: | definition=to a certain unspecified extent or degree | examples=I can only go so far with this student; can do only so much in a day
4. sense_key=so%4:02:04:: | definition=in the way indicated; ; ; (`thusly' is a nonstandard variant) | synonyms=thus, thusly | examples=hold the brush so; set up the pieces thus
5. sense_key=so%4:02:08:: | definition=in the same way; also | examples=I was offended and so was he; worked hard and so did she
6. sense_key=so%4:02:06:: | definition=in a manner that facilitates | examples=he observed the snakes so he could describe their behavior; he stooped down so he could pick up his hat
7. sense_key=so%4:02:05:: | definition=in such a condition or manner, especially as expressed or implied | examples=They're happy and I hope they will remain so; so live your life that old age will bring no regrets
8. sense_key=so%4:02:10:: | definition=(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result | synonyms=therefore, hence, thence, thus | examples=therefore X must be true; the eggs were fresh and hence satisfactory
9. sense_key=so%4:02:03:: | definition=(usually followed by `that') to an extent or degree as expressed | examples=he was so tired he could hardly stand; so dirty that it smells
10. sense_key=so%4:02:02:: | definition=to a very great extent or degree | examples=the idea is so obvious; never been so happy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 9}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 9}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "so"
    *   Target surface form: "so"
    *   Context: "These beliefs <t>so</t> dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."

    *   The sentence structure is: "These beliefs **so** dominate [objects] **that** it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."
    *   This is a classic "so [adjective/verb] that [result]" construction.
    *   The word "so" here is modifying the verb "dominate" to indicate the degree of domination, which leads to the result (it seems blasphemous to challenge them).

    *   Sense 1: subsequently or soon afterward (No)
    *   Sense 2: in truth (No)
    *   Sense 3: to a certain unspecified extent or degree (No - this is usually "only so far")
    *   Sense 4: in the way indicated (No)
    *   Sense 5: in the same way; also (No)
    *   Sense 6: in a manner that facilitates (No)
    *   Sense 7: in such a condition or manner (No)
    *   Sense 8: (used to introduce a logical conclusion) (No)
    *   Sense 9: (usually followed by `that') to an extent or degree as expressed (Yes - "so dominate... that it seems...")
    *   Sense 10: to a very great extent or degree (This is similar, but Sense 9 specifically mentions the "followed by 'that'" construction, which is exactly what we have here).

    *   Sense 9: "(usually followed by `that') to an extent or degree as expressed"
    *   Example: "he was so tired he could hardly stand; so dirty that it smells"
    *   Context: "These beliefs so dominate... that it seems..."
    *   This matches perfectly.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: educational
Target surface form: educational
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our <t>educational</t> establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=educational%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to the process of education | examples=educational psychology
2. sense_key=educational%5:00:00:instructive:00 | definition=providing knowledge | examples=an educational film

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `educational`
    *   Target surface form: `educational`
    *   Context: "...These beliefs so dominate our <t>educational</t> establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `educational%3:01:00::` (relating to the process of education) - Example: "educational psychology"
        2.  `educational%5:00:00:instructive:00` (providing knowledge) - Example: "an educational film"

    *   The phrase is "educational establishment".
    *   "Educational establishment" refers to the system, institutions, and people involved in the process of education (schools, universities, boards of education, etc.).
    *   It does *not* mean the establishment is "providing knowledge" (instructive) in the way a film or a book is. Rather, it describes the *nature* or *domain* of the establishment.

    *   Sense 1: "relating to the process of education". This fits perfectly. An "educational establishment" is an establishment relating to the process of education.
    *   Sense 2: "providing knowledge" (instructive). This describes something that *teaches* you something (like a documentary). An "establishment" isn't typically described as "instructive" in this context; it's the system itself.

    *   Sense 1 is the correct fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: establishment
Target surface form: establishment
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational <t>establishment</t>, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=establishment%1:09:00:: | definition=the cognitive process of establishing a valid proof | synonyms=validation
2. sense_key=establishment%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of forming or establishing something | synonyms=constitution, formation, organization, organisation | examples=the constitution of a PTA group last year; it was the establishment of his reputation
3. sense_key=establishment%1:14:02:: | definition=the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something | synonyms=administration, governance, governing body, brass, organization, organisation | examples=he claims that the present administration is corrupt; the governance of an association is responsible to its members
4. sense_key=establishment%1:14:01:: | definition=any large organization
5. sense_key=establishment%1:14:00:: | definition=an organization founded and united for a specific purpose | synonyms=institution
6. sense_key=establishment%1:06:00:: | definition=a public or private structure (business or governmental or educational) including buildings and equipment for business or residence
7. sense_key=establishment%1:22:00:: | definition=(ecology) the process by which a plant or animal becomes established in a new habitat | synonyms=ecesis

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target word: "establishment"
    *   Context: "These beliefs so dominate our educational <t>establishment</t>, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."
    *   Surrounding words: "educational establishment", "media", "politicians", "parents".

    *   Sense 1: Cognitive process of establishing a valid proof (validation). -> Incorrect.
    *   Sense 2: The act of forming or establishing something (constitution, formation). -> Incorrect.
    *   Sense 3: The persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something (administration, governance, governing body, brass). -> This refers to the people in power/control.
    *   Sense 4: Any large organization. -> Too generic.
    *   Sense 5: An organization founded and united for a specific purpose (institution). -> This refers to the organization itself.
    *   Sense 6: A public or private structure (buildings and equipment). -> Incorrect (not referring to buildings).
    *   Sense 7: Ecology process. -> Incorrect.

    *   The sentence says "These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians...".
    *   The list (establishment, media, politicians, parents) suggests a group of people or a power structure that holds influence.
    *   "Educational establishment" often refers to the people who run the education system (the administration, the bureaucracy, the "powers that be").
    *   Comparing Sense 3 (administration, governing body, brass) and Sense 5 (institution).
    *   Sense 3 focuses on the *people* who administer/govern.
    *   Sense 5 focuses on the *organization* itself.
    *   In the context of "dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians", the author is talking about the power structure/people in control. "The establishment" (capital E) usually refers to the ruling class or the administrative elite.
    *   Sense 3: "the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something". This fits the "power structure" meaning perfectly.

    *   Sense 3: administration, governance, governing body, brass.
    *   Sense 5: institution.
    *   "Educational establishment" can be an institution (Sense 5), but when paired with "politicians" and "media" in a context of "dominating beliefs" and "challenging them", it strongly implies the people in charge (the administration/governing body).

    *   Sense 3 is the most precise fit for the "power structure/administration" meaning of "establishment" in this sociopolitical context.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: politician
Target surface form: politicians
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our <t>politicians</t>, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=politician%1:18:01:: | definition=a leader engaged in civil administration
2. sense_key=politician%1:18:02:: | definition=a schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways
3. sense_key=politician%1:18:00:: | definition=a person active in party politics | synonyms=politico, pol, political leader

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `politician`
    *   Target surface form: `politicians`
    *   Context: "These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our <t>politicians</t>, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `politician%1:18:01`: a leader engaged in civil administration.
        2.  `politician%1:18:02`: a schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways.
        3.  `politician%1:18:00`: a person active in party politics (synonyms: politico, pol, political leader).

    *   The sentence lists groups of people/institutions that are dominated by certain beliefs: "educational establishment", "media", "politicians", and "parents".
    *   In this context, "politicians" refers to the general class of people who hold political office or are active in the political sphere of a society.
    *   Sense 1 (civil administration) is more specific to the administrative side of government.
    *   Sense 2 (schemer) is a pejorative meaning. While the author might be critical, the list (educational establishment, media, parents) suggests a structural/societal role rather than a characterization of them as "schemers".
    *   Sense 3 (person active in party politics/political leader) is the most general and standard definition for people in the political sphere.

    *   Sense 3 is the most fitting general term for the people who make up the political landscape of a country, fitting alongside "media" and "educational establishment".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: even
Target surface form: even
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and <t>even</t> our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=even%4:02:00:: | definition=used as an intensive especially to indicate something unexpected | examples=even an idiot knows that; declined even to consider the idea
2. sense_key=even%4:02:04:: | definition=to the full extent | examples=loyal even unto death
3. sense_key=even%4:02:03:: | definition=in spite of; notwithstanding | examples=even when he is sick, he works; even with his head start she caught up with him
4. sense_key=even%4:02:01:: | definition=to a greater degree or extent; used with comparisons | synonyms=yet, still | examples=looked sick and felt even worse; an even (or still) more interesting problem

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `even`
    *   Target surface form: `even`
    *   Context: "These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and <t>even</t> our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `even%4:02:00::`: used as an intensive especially to indicate something unexpected (e.g., "even an idiot knows that").
        2.  `even%4:02:04::`: to the full extent (e.g., "loyal even unto death").
        3.  `even%4:02:03::`: in spite of; notwithstanding (e.g., "even when he is sick").
        4.  `even%4:02:01::`: to a greater degree or extent; used with comparisons (e.g., "even worse").

    *   The sentence lists groups dominated by certain beliefs: "educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents".
    *   The word "even" here emphasizes that the domination extends to a group (parents) that might be unexpected or surprising given the context of "educational establishment, media, and politicians".
    *   It's used as an intensive to highlight an extreme or unexpected case in a list.

    *   Sense 1: "used as an intensive especially to indicate something unexpected". This fits perfectly. The author is listing entities and adds "even our parents" to show the surprising extent of the domination.
    *   Sense 2: "to the full extent". This doesn't fit the context of a list of entities.
    *   Sense 3: "in spite of; notwithstanding". This doesn't fit the grammatical structure (it's not introducing a concessive clause).
    *   Sense 4: "to a greater degree or extent; used with comparisons". There is no comparison (like "more" or "better") here.

    *   The use of "even" in "and even our parents" is a classic example of using "even" to indicate that the inclusion of "parents" is surprising or an extreme case. This matches Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: parent
Target surface form: parents
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our <t>parents</t> that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=parent%1:03:00:: | definition=an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained
2. sense_key=parent%1:18:00:: | definition=a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `parent`
    *   Target surface form: `parents`
    *   Context: "Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? ... These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our <t>parents</t> that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `parent%1:03:00::`: an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained.
        2.  `parent%1:18:00::`: a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian.

    *   The text discusses teaching "our children" and mentions "educational establishment," "media," and "politicians."
    *   The word "parents" is used in a list of human social groups/roles involved in the education of children.
    *   Sense 1 is a biological definition applicable to plants or animals in a general sense.
    *   Sense 2 is the human-centric definition (father, mother, guardian).

    *   The context clearly refers to human parents (fathers and mothers of the children mentioned earlier).
    *   Sense 2 is the correct fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: seem
Target surface form: seems
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it <t>seems</t> almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=seem%2:39:00:: | definition=give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect | synonyms=look, appear | examples=She seems to be sleeping; This appears to be a very difficult problem
2. sense_key=seem%2:39:02:: | definition=appear to one's own mind or opinion | examples=I seem to be misunderstood by everyone; I can't seem to learn these Chinese characters
3. sense_key=seem%2:42:00:: | definition=appear to exist | examples=There seems no reason to go ahead with the project now
4. sense_key=seem%2:39:01:: | definition=seem to be true, probable, or apparent | synonyms=appear | examples=It seems that he is very gifted; It appears that the weather in California is very bad

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `seem`
    *   Target surface form: `seems`
    *   Context: "...These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it <t>seems</t> almost blasphemous to challenge them."

    *   Sense 1: `give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect` (look, appear). Example: "She seems to be sleeping." (Focus on outward appearance/impression).
    *   Sense 2: `appear to one's own mind or opinion`. Example: "I seem to be misunderstood by everyone." (Focus on internal perception/feeling).
    *   Sense 3: `appear to exist`. Example: "There seems no reason to go ahead..." (Existential use).
    *   Sense 4: `seem to be true, probable, or apparent`. Example: "It seems that he is very gifted." (Focus on a general impression of truth or probability).

    *   The sentence is: "...it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."
    *   Structure: "it seems [adjective] to [verb]".
    *   Meaning: It appears to be true or apparent that challenging these beliefs is almost blasphemous.
    *   This is a common construction where "it" is a dummy subject (expletive) and the real subject is "to challenge them".
    *   Comparing with Sense 4: "It seems that he is very gifted" $\approx$ "It seems [true/apparent] that...".
    *   Comparing with Sense 1: "She seems to be sleeping" (outward appearance). While "blasphemous" is an impression, the structure "it seems [adj] to [do something]" usually aligns with the "seem to be true/apparent" sense (Sense 4).
    *   Comparing with Sense 2: "I seem to be misunderstood" (personal opinion/feeling). The context here is a general observation about the state of society/beliefs, not a personal feeling of the speaker about themselves.
    *   Comparing with Sense 3: "There seems no reason" (existential). This doesn't fit the "it seems [adj]" structure.

    *   Sense 4: "seem to be true, probable, or apparent".
    *   Context: "it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."
    *   This fits perfectly. The speaker is stating that it appears to be the case (it is apparent) that challenging the beliefs is viewed as blasphemous.

    *   Sense 1 is more about visual or outward appearance ("She seems to be sleeping").
    *   Sense 4 is more about a general impression of a situation or a proposition ("It seems that he is very gifted").
    *   "It seems almost blasphemous to challenge them" is a proposition about the nature of the act of challenging.

    *   Sense 4 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: blasphemous
Target surface form: blasphemous
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost <t>blasphemous</t> to challenge them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=blasphemous%5:00:00:irreverent:00 | definition=grossly irreverent toward what is held to be sacred | synonyms=profane, sacrilegious | examples=blasphemous rites of a witches' Sabbath; profane utterances against the Church
2. sense_key=blasphemous%5:00:00:dirty:02 | definition=characterized by profanity or cursing | synonyms=blue, profane | examples=foul-mouthed and blasphemous; blue language

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target word: "blasphemous"
    *   Context: "These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost <t>blasphemous</t> to challenge them."
    *   Meaning in context: The author is talking about "cherished metaphysical beliefs" that are so deeply held and dominant that challenging them is seen as a violation of something "sacred" (metaphorically speaking).

    *   Sense 1: "grossly irreverent toward what is held to be sacred" (Synonyms: profane, sacrilegious).
    *   Sense 2: "characterized by profanity or cursing" (Synonyms: blue, profane).

    *   The context refers to challenging "cherished metaphysical beliefs" that "dominate" society.
    *   This is a metaphorical use of "sacred." Challenging these beliefs is seen as an act of irreverence toward a quasi-religious set of dogmas.
    *   Sense 1 fits perfectly: "irreverent toward what is held to be sacred."
    *   Sense 2 refers to using "dirty" language or cursing, which is not the case here. The author isn't saying that challenging the beliefs involves using foul language, but rather that the *act* of challenging them is seen as a transgression against a sacred cow.

    *   Sense 1 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: challenge
Target surface form: challenge
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to <t>challenge</t> them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=challenge%2:32:03:: | definition=ask for identification | examples=The illegal immigrant was challenged by the border guard
2. sense_key=challenge%2:32:00:: | definition=issue a challenge to | examples=Fischer challenged Spassky to a match
3. sense_key=challenge%2:32:02:: | definition=raise a formal objection in a court of law | synonyms=take exception
4. sense_key=challenge%2:32:01:: | definition=take exception to | synonyms=dispute, gainsay | examples=She challenged his claims

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "challenge"
    *   Target surface form: "challenge"
    *   Context: "...These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to <t>challenge</t> them."
    *   Target word refers to "them" (the cherished metaphysical beliefs).

    *   Sense 1: "ask for identification" (e.g., border guard). -> Not applicable.
    *   Sense 2: "issue a challenge to" (e.g., a match/competition). -> Not applicable.
    *   Sense 3: "raise a formal objection in a court of law". -> Not applicable (not in a court).
    *   Sense 4: "take exception to" (synonyms: dispute, gainsay; example: "She challenged his claims"). -> This fits perfectly. Challenging beliefs means disputing them or questioning their validity.

    *   The context is about questioning or disputing "cherished metaphysical beliefs".
    *   Sense 4 ("take exception to", "dispute", "gainsay") aligns with the act of questioning the validity of beliefs.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: here
Target surface form: Here
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. <t>Here</t> is an example. If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=here%4:02:01:: | definition=to this place (especially toward the speaker) | synonyms=hither | examples=come here, please
2. sense_key=here%4:02:04:: | definition=at this time; now | examples=we'll adjourn here for lunch and discuss the remaining issues this afternoon
3. sense_key=here%4:02:00:: | definition=in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is | examples=I work here; turn here
4. sense_key=here%4:02:02:: | definition=in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail | examples=what do we have here?; here I must disagree

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "here"
    *   Target surface form: "Here"
    *   Context: "These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment... that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. <t>Here</t> is an example. If I were to ask a sample of American parents..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `here%4:02:01::`: to this place (especially toward the speaker)
        2.  `here%4:02:04::`: at this time; now
        3.  `here%4:02:00::`: in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is
        4.  `here%4:02:02::`: in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail

    *   The sentence is "Here is an example."
    *   The author is introducing an example to illustrate a point made in the previous paragraph.
    *   "Here" in this context doesn't refer to a physical location (Sense 1, 3) or a specific time (Sense 2).
    *   It refers to the point in the text or the specific circumstance/detail being discussed.

    *   Sense 1: Physical movement to a place. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Temporal (now). (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 3: Physical location. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 4: "in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail". Example: "what do we have here?; here I must disagree".

    *   "Here is an example" is a common way to introduce a point or detail in a written argument. This aligns with "on this point or detail" or "in this circumstance".

    *   Sense 4 is the best fit for introducing an example in a text.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: example
Target surface form: example
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an <t>example</t>. If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=example%1:10:00:: | definition=punishment intended as a warning to others | synonyms=deterrent example, lesson, object lesson | examples=they decided to make an example of him
2. sense_key=example%1:11:00:: | definition=an occurrence of something | synonyms=case, instance | examples=it was a case of bad judgment; another instance occurred yesterday
3. sense_key=example%1:09:02:: | definition=a representative form or pattern | synonyms=model | examples=I profited from his example
4. sense_key=example%1:09:01:: | definition=something to be imitated | synonyms=exemplar, model, good example | examples=an exemplar of success; a model of clarity
5. sense_key=example%1:04:00:: | definition=a task performed or problem solved in order to develop skill or understanding | synonyms=exercise | examples=you must work the examples at the end of each chapter in the textbook
6. sense_key=example%1:09:00:: | definition=an item of information that is typical of a class or group | synonyms=illustration, instance, representative | examples=this patient provides a typical example of the syndrome; there is an example on page 10

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 6}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 6}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "example"
    *   Context: The author is arguing that certain beliefs dominate education and that challenging them is seen as blasphemous. Then the author says, "Here is an example," and follows it with a hypothetical scenario (asking parents about creativity in schools).
    *   Target surface form: "example"

    *   Sense 1: punishment intended as a warning (deterrent). (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: an occurrence of something (case, instance). (Possible, but usually refers to a specific event that happened).
    *   Sense 3: a representative form or pattern (model). (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 4: something to be imitated (exemplar). (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 5: a task performed or problem solved (exercise). (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 6: an item of information that is typical of a class or group (illustration, instance, representative). (Correct - the author is providing an illustration to support their claim).

    *   The author makes a claim: "These beliefs so dominate... that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."
    *   The author then says, "Here is an example," and provides a specific scenario to *illustrate* the point.
    *   Sense 6 ("an item of information that is typical of a class or group", synonyms: "illustration", "instance") fits perfectly. Sense 2 ("an occurrence of something", synonyms: "case", "instance") is close, but Sense 6 is more about providing an illustration to explain a point, which is exactly what's happening here.

    *   Sense 2: "it was a case of bad judgment" (an occurrence).
    *   Sense 6: "this patient provides a typical example of the syndrome" (an illustration of a class/group).
    *   In the context, the "example" is an illustration of the general claim about beliefs dominating education.

    *   Sense 6 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: ask
Target surface form: ask
Context:
It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example. If I were to <t>ask</t> a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ask%2:32:04:: | definition=address a question to and expect an answer from | examples=Ask your teacher about trigonometry; The children asked me about their dead grandmother
2. sense_key=ask%2:32:09:: | definition=require or ask for as a price or condition | examples=He is asking $200 for the table; The kidnappers are asking a million dollars in return for the release of their hostage
3. sense_key=ask%2:32:00:: | definition=inquire about | synonyms=inquire, enquire | examples=I asked about their special today; He had to ask directions several times
4. sense_key=ask%2:32:01:: | definition=make a request or demand for something to somebody | examples=She asked him for a loan
5. sense_key=ask%2:32:02:: | definition=direct or put; seek an answer to | examples=ask a question
6. sense_key=ask%2:42:00:: | definition=require as useful, just, or proper | synonyms=necessitate, postulate, need, require, take, involve | examples=It takes nerve to do what she did; success usually requires hard work
7. sense_key=ask%2:32:05:: | definition=consider obligatory; request and expect | synonyms=require, expect | examples=We require our secretary to be on time; Aren't we asking too much of these children?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `ask`
    *   Target surface form: `ask`
    *   Context: "If I were to <t>ask</t> a sample of American parents, 'Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children?' the near-unanimous answer would be, 'Yes, of course.'"

    *   Sense 1: `address a question to and expect an answer from` (Example: Ask your teacher about trigonometry)
    *   Sense 2: `require or ask for as a price or condition` (Example: Asking $200 for the table)
    *   Sense 3: `inquire about` (Example: I asked about their special today)
    *   Sense 4: `make a request or demand for something to somebody` (Example: She asked him for a loan)
    *   Sense 5: `direct or put; seek an answer to` (Example: ask a question)
    *   Sense 6: `require as useful, just, or proper` (Example: It takes nerve)
    *   Sense 7: `consider obligatory; request and expect` (Example: We require our secretary to be on time)

    *   The sentence is: "If I were to ask a sample of American parents, 'Do you wish...?'"
    *   The speaker is posing a question to a group of people and expecting an answer.
    *   This matches Sense 1: "address a question to and expect an answer from".
    *   Let's compare with Sense 5: "direct or put; seek an answer to (ask a question)". Sense 5 is usually used when the object is the question itself ("ask a question"), whereas Sense 1 is used when the object is the person being asked ("ask a sample of American parents").
    *   In the context "ask a sample of American parents", the object is the person/group being addressed.

    *   Sense 1: `ask [someone] [something/about something]` -> "ask a sample of American parents, 'Do you wish...?'" (Fits perfectly)
    *   Sense 5: `ask [a question]` -> "ask a question" (The object here is the parents, not the question).

    *   Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sample
Target surface form: sample
Context:
It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example. If I were to ask a <t>sample</t> of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sample%1:09:01:: | definition=items selected at random from a population and used to test hypotheses about the population | synonyms=sample distribution, sampling
2. sense_key=sample%1:09:00:: | definition=a small part of something intended as representative of the whole
3. sense_key=sample%1:17:00:: | definition=all or part of a natural object that is collected and preserved as an example of its class

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `sample`
    *   Target surface form: `sample`
    *   Context: "If I were to ask a <t>sample</t> of American parents, 'Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children?' the near-unanimous answer would be, 'Yes, of course.'"
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `sample%1:09:01::`: items selected at random from a population and used to test hypotheses about the population (synonyms: sample distribution, sampling).
        2.  `sample%1:09:00::`: a small part of something intended as representative of the whole.
        3.  `sample%1:17:00::`: all or part of a natural object that is collected and preserved as an example of its class.

    *   The speaker is talking about asking a group of American parents a question to illustrate a point about general beliefs.
    *   The "sample" here refers to a group of people chosen from the larger population of American parents.
    *   The purpose is to show that the answer would be "near-unanimous," implying that this small group represents the larger population.

    *   Sense 1: "items selected at random from a population and used to test hypotheses about the population". This is a statistical definition. While the context is similar, the speaker isn't necessarily conducting a formal hypothesis test, but rather using a representative group to make a point.
    *   Sense 2: "a small part of something intended as representative of the whole". This is a broader definition that fits perfectly. A group of parents is a small part of the whole population of American parents, intended to represent them.
    *   Sense 3: "all or part of a natural object that is collected and preserved as an example of its class". This refers to biological or geological samples (e.g., a rock sample, a blood sample). Not applicable here.

    *   Sense 1 is very specific to statistics/hypothesis testing.
    *   Sense 2 is the general meaning of a representative subset.
    *   In the sentence "If I were to ask a sample of American parents...", the author is using the word in the sense of a representative group. While this is the basis of statistical sampling (Sense 1), Sense 2 is the more fundamental definition of a representative part of a whole.
    *   Looking closer at Sense 1: "items selected at random... used to test hypotheses".
    *   Looking closer at Sense 2: "a small part of something intended as representative of the whole".
    *   The context "If I were to ask a sample of American parents" fits Sense 2 better as a general descriptive term for a representative group, whereas Sense 1 is more technical. However, in many WordNet versions, Sense 1 is the specific statistical application of Sense 2.
    *   Let's re-evaluate. Is the author testing a hypothesis? "If I were to ask... the near-unanimous answer would be..." This is essentially a hypothetical test of a belief.
    *   However, "a sample of [people]" is the classic example of "a small part of something intended as representative of the whole".

    *   Sense 1: Statistical sample.
    *   Sense 2: Representative part.
    *   Sense 3: Specimen.
    *   The phrase "a sample of American parents" is a representative group. Sense 2 is the most general and accurate fit for "representative of the whole". Sense 1 is a subset of Sense 2 specifically for hypothesis testing. While the author is making a point, it's more of a rhetorical device than a formal statistical hypothesis test.

    *   Sense 2 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: american
Target surface form: American
Context:
It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example. If I were to ask a sample of <t>American</t> parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=american%3:01:01:: | definition=of or relating to the United States of America or its people or language or culture | examples=American citizens; American English
2. sense_key=american%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to or characteristic of the continents and islands of the Americas | examples=the American hemisphere; American flora and fauna

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `american`
    *   Target surface form: `American`
    *   Context: "If I were to ask a sample of <t>American</t> parents, 'Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children?'"
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `american%3:01:01::`: of or relating to the United States of America or its people or language or culture.
        2.  `american%3:01:00::`: of or relating to or characteristic of the continents and islands of the Americas.

    *   The sentence refers to "American parents" in the context of elementary schools and educational beliefs.
    *   In common usage, especially when discussing educational systems, politicians, and media in a way that implies a specific national context (though not explicitly stated as USA, the phrasing "our educational establishment, our media, our politicians" suggests a specific country), "American" almost always refers to the USA.
    *   Comparing the two senses:
        *   Sense 1: USA (people, culture, etc.).
        *   Sense 2: The Americas (North and South America).
    *   "American parents" in this context refers to parents in the United States, not parents across the entire Western Hemisphere (North and South America).

    *   Sense 1 is the correct fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: parent
Target surface form: parents
Context:
It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example. If I were to ask a sample of American <t>parents</t>, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=parent%1:03:00:: | definition=an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained
2. sense_key=parent%1:18:00:: | definition=a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `parent`
    *   Target surface form: `parents`
    *   Context: "...These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents... If I were to ask a sample of American <t>parents</t>, 'Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children?'"
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `parent%1:03:00::`: an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained.
        2.  `parent%1:18:00::`: a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian.

    *   The context mentions "educational establishment", "media", "politicians", and "parents".
    *   It specifically refers to "American parents" and asks them about "creativity in your children".
    *   This clearly refers to human parents (fathers and mothers) in a social/educational context.

    *   Sense 1 is a biological definition applicable to any organism (plants/animals).
    *   Sense 2 is specifically about fathers, mothers, and guardians of children.

    *   Sense 2 is the correct fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: encourage
Target surface form: encourage
Context:
It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example. If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to <t>encourage</t> creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=encourage%2:37:00:: | definition=inspire with confidence; give hope or courage to
2. sense_key=encourage%2:41:00:: | definition=contribute to the progress or growth of | synonyms=promote, advance, boost, further | examples=I am promoting the use of computers in the classroom
3. sense_key=encourage%2:32:00:: | definition=spur on | examples=His financial success encouraged him to look for a wife

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `encourage`
    *   Target surface form: `encourage`
    *   Context: "If I were to ask a sample of American parents, 'Do you wish the elementary schools to <t>encourage</t> creativity in your children?' the near-unanimous answer would be, 'Yes, of course.'"

    *   Sense 1: `inspire with confidence; give hope or courage to` (Focuses on emotional support/confidence).
    *   Sense 2: `contribute to the progress or growth of` (Synonyms: promote, advance, boost, further. Example: "promoting the use of computers in the classroom").
    *   Sense 3: `spur on` (Example: "His financial success encouraged him to look for a wife").

    *   The context is about schools fostering or promoting "creativity" in children.
    *   "Encourage creativity" means to promote its development, growth, or progress.
    *   Comparing this to the senses:
        *   Sense 1 (confidence/hope) is too narrow. While creativity involves confidence, the goal of the school is the growth of the quality itself.
        *   Sense 2 (contribute to progress or growth / promote) fits perfectly. "Promoting the use of computers" is analogous to "promoting/encouraging creativity."
        *   Sense 3 (spur on) usually implies motivating someone to take a specific action (like looking for a wife).

    *   Sense 2 is the best fit because "encourage creativity" means to promote or foster the growth of that trait.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: child
Target surface form: children
Context:
It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example. If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your <t>children</t>? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=child%1:18:00:: | definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
2. sense_key=child%1:18:01:: | definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=kid | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
3. sense_key=child%1:18:06:: | definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=baby | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
4. sense_key=child%1:18:07:: | definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `child`
    *   Target surface form: `children`
    *   Context: "...If I were to ask a sample of American parents, 'Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your <t>children</t>? 'the near-unanimous answer would be, 'Yes, of course.'"
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `child%1:18:00::`: a young person of either sex (kid, youngster, minor).
        2.  `child%1:18:01::`: a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age (kid).
        3.  `child%1:18:06::`: an immature childish person (baby).
        4.  `child%1:18:07::`: a member of a clan or tribe.

    *   The sentence mentions "American parents" and "elementary schools".
    *   The parents are being asked about "creativity in your children".
    *   In this context, "children" refers to the offspring of the parents who are currently of elementary school age.

    *   Sense 1: "a young person of either sex". This fits the "elementary school" part.
    *   Sense 2: "a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age". This fits the "parents" part.
    *   Sense 3: "an immature childish person". Not applicable.
    *   Sense 4: "a member of a clan or tribe". Not applicable.

    *   Sense 1 focuses on age (young person).
    *   Sense 2 focuses on the relationship (offspring of parents).
    *   The phrase "your children" strongly implies the relationship (offspring).
    *   However, the context also mentions "elementary schools", which emphasizes the age.
    *   In WordNet, when "children" is used in the context of "parents' children", it usually refers to offspring (Sense 2).
    *   Let's look at the examples:
        *   Sense 1: "she writes books for children" (age-based).
        *   Sense 2: "they had three children" (offspring-based).
    *   In "your children", the possessive "your" (referring to parents) points directly to the offspring relationship.

    *   Is it "young people" (Sense 1) or "offspring" (Sense 2)?
    *   The sentence is "If I were to ask a sample of American parents, 'Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children?'"
    *   The primary relationship here is parent-child. While the children are also young (elementary school), the term "your children" specifically denotes offspring.

    *   Sense 1: a young person of either sex.
    *   Sense 2: a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age.
    *   If the sentence was "The children in the elementary school", Sense 1 would be better.
    *   Because it is "your children" (referring to the parents), Sense 2 is the more precise fit for the relationship described.

    *   Wait, let me re-read. "If I were to ask a sample of American parents, 'Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children?'"
    *   The focus is on the parents' offspring who are in elementary school.
    *   Usually, "your children" = offspring.
    *   Let's check if Sense 1 is more common for "children in school".
    *   Sense 1: "she writes books for children".
    *   Sense 2: "they had three children".
    *   "Your children" is almost always Sense 2.

    *   Sense 1: young person.
    *   Sense 2: offspring.
    *   Context: "American parents... your children".
    *   The relationship is the defining factor here.

    *   Sense 1: child as a stage of life.
    *   Sense 2: child as a kinship term.
    *   "Your children" is a kinship term.

    *   Sense 1: young person.
    *   Sense 2: offspring.
    *   The context "your children" (referring to parents) strongly points to Sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: answer
Target surface form: answer
Context:
It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example. If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous <t>answer</t> would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=answer%1:04:00:: | definition=a nonverbal reaction | examples=his answer to any problem was to get drunk; their answer was to sue me
2. sense_key=answer%1:10:03:: | definition=the principal pleading by the defendant in response to plaintiff's complaint; in criminal law it consists of the defendant's plea of `guilty' or `not guilty' (or nolo contendere); in civil law it must contain denials of all allegations in the plaintiff's complaint that the defendant hopes to controvert and it can contain affirmative defenses or counterclaims
3. sense_key=answer%1:10:02:: | definition=a statement that solves a problem or explains how to solve the problem | synonyms=solution, result, resolution, solvent | examples=they were trying to find a peaceful solution; the answers were in the back of the book
4. sense_key=answer%1:10:00:: | definition=the speech act of replying to a question
5. sense_key=answer%1:10:01:: | definition=a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation | synonyms=reply, response | examples=I waited several days for his answer; he wrote replies to several of his critics

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `answer`
    *   Target surface form: `answer`
    *   Context: "If I were to ask a sample of American parents, 'Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children?' the near-unanimous <t>answer</t> would be, 'Yes, of course.'"

    *   Sense 1: a nonverbal reaction (e.g., getting drunk, suing).
    *   Sense 2: legal pleading (defendant's response to a complaint).
    *   Sense 3: a statement that solves a problem or explains how to solve it (solution).
    *   Sense 4: the speech act of replying to a question.
    *   Sense 5: a statement (spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question, request, criticism, or accusation (reply, response).

    *   The context describes a hypothetical scenario: "If I were to ask... the near-unanimous answer would be, 'Yes, of course.'"
    *   The "answer" here is the specific statement ("Yes, of course") given in response to a specific question ("Do you wish...").
    *   Sense 4 refers to the *act* of replying.
    *   Sense 5 refers to the *statement* (the reply/response) itself.
    *   In the sentence, "the near-unanimous answer would be, 'Yes, of course'", "answer" refers to the content of the response (the statement), not the act of responding.

    *   Sense 5: "a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation | synonyms=reply, response". This fits perfectly.

    *   Sense 1: Not nonverbal.
    *   Sense 2: Not legal.
    *   Sense 3: Not a solution to a problem.
    *   Sense 4: Not the act of replying, but the content of the reply.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: mean
Target surface form: mean
Context:
It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example. If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we <t>mean</t>, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=mean%2:31:00:: | definition=have in mind as a purpose | synonyms=intend, think | examples=I mean no harm; I only meant to help you
2. sense_key=mean%2:32:03:: | definition=denote or connote | synonyms=intend, signify, stand for | examples=`maison' means `house' in French; An example sentence would show what this word means
3. sense_key=mean%2:42:03:: | definition=have a specified degree of importance | examples=My ex-husband means nothing to me; Happiness means everything
4. sense_key=mean%2:32:01:: | definition=mean or intend to express or convey | synonyms=intend | examples=You never understand what I mean!; what do his words intend?
5. sense_key=mean%2:31:05:: | definition=destine or designate for a certain purpose | examples=These flowers were meant for you
6. sense_key=mean%2:42:00:: | definition=have as a logical consequence | synonyms=entail, imply | examples=The water shortage means that we have to stop taking long showers
7. sense_key=mean%2:31:01:: | definition=intend to refer to | synonyms=think of, have in mind | examples=I'm thinking of good food when I talk about France; Yes, I meant you when I complained about people who gossip!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `mean`
    *   Target surface form: `mean`
    *   Context: "But what do we <t>mean</t>, specifically, by 'creativity'?"
    *   Goal: Disambiguate the sense of "mean" in this specific context.

    *   Sense 1: `have in mind as a purpose` (intend, think) - e.g., "I mean no harm." (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 2: `denote or connote` (signify, stand for) - e.g., "'maison' means 'house' in French." (This refers to the definition of a word/term).
    *   Sense 3: `have a specified degree of importance` - e.g., "Happiness means everything." (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 4: `mean or intend to express or convey` (intend) - e.g., "You never understand what I mean!" (This refers to the speaker's intent behind their words).
    *   Sense 5: `destine or designate for a certain purpose` - e.g., "These flowers were meant for you." (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 6: `have as a logical consequence` (entail, imply) - e.g., "The water shortage means that we have to stop taking long showers." (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 7: `intend to refer to` (think of, have in mind) - e.g., "I meant you when I complained..." (Not applicable)

    *   The sentence is: "But what do we mean, specifically, by 'creativity'?"
    *   The speaker is asking for the definition or the specific connotation of the word "creativity".
    *   This is a question about the meaning of a term.

    *   Sense 2: `denote or connote` (signify, stand for). Example: "'maison' means 'house' in French."
    *   Sense 4: `mean or intend to express or convey`. Example: "You never understand what I mean!"

    *   Sense 2 is about the linguistic meaning of a word/symbol (denotation/connotation).
    *   Sense 4 is about the speaker's intent in a specific utterance.
    *   In "what do we mean... by 'creativity'?", the focus is on the definition/concept of the word "creativity" itself, which aligns better with Sense 2 (denote or connote).

    *   Wait, let me re-read Sense 4: "mean or intend to express or convey".
    *   Let me re-read Sense 2: "denote or connote".
    *   "What do we mean by [term]?" is a classic way of asking for the definition or the intended meaning of a concept.
    *   Looking at the examples:
        *   Sense 2: "'maison' means 'house' in French; An example sentence would show what this word means"
        *   Sense 4: "You never understand what I mean!; what do his words intend?"
    *   The context "what do we mean, specifically, by 'creativity'?" is asking for the definition/signification of the word "creativity". This fits Sense 2 perfectly.

    *   Sense 2: denote or connote.
    *   Context: "what do we mean... by 'creativity'?"
    *   This is asking for the denotation/connotation of the term.

    *   Sense 1: Purpose (No)
    *   Sense 2: Denote/Connote (Yes)
    *   Sense 3: Importance (No)
    *   Sense 4: Intend to express (No - this is more about the speaker's specific intent in a conversation, whereas Sense 2 is about the meaning of the word/term itself).
    *   Sense 5: Destine (No)
    *   Sense 6: Consequence (No)
    *   Sense 7: Refer to (No)

    *   Sense 2 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: one
Target surface form: one
Context:
And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example. If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No <t>one</t> can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=one%1:23:00:: | definition=the smallest whole number or a numeral representing this number | synonyms=1, I, ace, single, unity | examples=he has the one but will need a two and three to go with it; they had lunch at one
2. sense_key=one%1:09:00:: | definition=a single person or thing | examples=he is the best one; this is the one I ordered

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "one"
    *   Target surface form: "one"
    *   Context: "But what do we mean, specifically, by 'creativity'? No <t>one</t> can say."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `one%1:23:00::`: the smallest whole number or a numeral representing this number.
        2.  `one%1:09:00::`: a single person or thing.

    *   The sentence is "No one can say."
    *   In this context, "no one" is a pronoun meaning "nobody" or "not a single person."
    *   Looking at the candidate senses:
        *   Sense 1 refers to the number 1.
        *   Sense 2 refers to "a single person or thing."

    *   "No one" = "No single person."
    *   Sense 2 ("a single person or thing") fits the usage of "one" as an indefinite pronoun referring to a person.

    *   Sense 1: Number 1. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: A single person or thing. (Correct)


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: equate
Target surface form: equated
Context:
These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example. If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being <t>equated</t> with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=equate%2:30:00:: | definition=make equal, uniform, corresponding, or matching | synonyms=equal, match, equalize, equalise | examples=let's equalize the duties among all employees in this office; The company matched the discount policy of its competitors
2. sense_key=equate%2:31:00:: | definition=consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous | synonyms=compare, liken | examples=We can compare the Han dynasty to the Romans; You cannot equate success in financial matters with greed
3. sense_key=equate%2:42:00:: | definition=be equivalent or parallel, in mathematics | synonyms=correspond

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `equate`
    *   Target surface form: `equated`
    *   Context: "In practice, it ends up being <t>equated</t> with a 'self-expression' that encourages the youngsters' 'self-esteem.'"
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `make equal, uniform, corresponding, or matching` (e.g., equalize duties).
        2.  `consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous` (e.g., equate success with greed).
        3.  `be equivalent or parallel, in mathematics`.

    *   The sentence says "creativity" ends up being "equated with a 'self-expression'".
    *   This means people *consider* creativity to be the same thing as self-expression.
    *   It's not about making two things physically equal (Sense 1).
    *   It's not a mathematical equivalence (Sense 3).
    *   It's about treating two concepts as similar or the same (Sense 2).

    *   Sense 2: "consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous". Example: "You cannot equate success in financial matters with greed".
    *   This matches the context perfectly: "creativity" is being equated with "self-expression".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: encourage
Target surface form: encourages
Context:
These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example. If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that <t>encourages</t> the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=encourage%2:37:00:: | definition=inspire with confidence; give hope or courage to
2. sense_key=encourage%2:41:00:: | definition=contribute to the progress or growth of | synonyms=promote, advance, boost, further | examples=I am promoting the use of computers in the classroom
3. sense_key=encourage%2:32:00:: | definition=spur on | examples=His financial success encouraged him to look for a wife

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `encourage`
    *   Target surface form: `encourages`
    *   Context: "...In practice, it ends up being equated with a 'self-expression' that <t>encourages</t> the youngsters' 'self-esteem.'"
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `inspire with confidence; give hope or courage to`
        2.  `contribute to the progress or growth of` (synonyms: promote, advance, boost, further)
        3.  `spur on`

    *   The sentence is: "...a 'self-expression' that encourages the youngsters' 'self-esteem.'"
    *   Here, "encourages" is used in the sense of increasing, promoting, or boosting "self-esteem."
    *   Self-esteem is a quality or state. "Encouraging self-esteem" means promoting its growth or boosting it.

    *   Sense 1: "inspire with confidence; give hope or courage to". This usually applies to a person (e.g., "He encouraged the student"). While self-esteem is related to confidence, the object here is "self-esteem" itself, not the person.
    *   Sense 2: "contribute to the progress or growth of" (synonyms: promote, advance, boost, further). This fits perfectly. "Self-expression that promotes/boosts the youngsters' self-esteem."
    *   Sense 3: "spur on". This usually means to motivate someone to take action (e.g., "The prize encouraged him to work harder"). This doesn't fit "self-esteem" as well as Sense 2.

    *   Sense 2 is the best fit because "encouraging self-esteem" means promoting or boosting it.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: result
Target surface form: result
Context:
Here is an example. If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The <t>result</t> is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=result%1:10:00:: | definition=a statement that solves a problem or explains how to solve the problem | synonyms=solution, answer, resolution, solvent | examples=they were trying to find a peaceful solution; the answers were in the back of the book
2. sense_key=result%1:11:00:: | definition=something that results | synonyms=resultant, final result, outcome, termination | examples=he listened for the results on the radio
3. sense_key=result%1:10:01:: | definition=the semantic role of the noun phrase whose referent exists only by virtue of the activity denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=resultant role
4. sense_key=result%1:19:00:: | definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | synonyms=consequence, effect, outcome, event, issue, upshot | examples=the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise; his decision had depressing consequences for business

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `result`
    *   Target surface form: `result`
    *   Context: "The <t>result</t> is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves."
    *   Preceding context: The author discusses how "creativity" in schools is equated with "self-expression" and "self-esteem," leading to a specific outcome.

    *   Sense 1: `result%1:10:00::` - a statement that solves a problem (solution, answer). (Doesn't fit; this isn't a solution to a problem).
    *   Sense 2: `result%1:11:00::` - something that results (resultant, final result, outcome). (Possible, but often refers to a specific data point or a final score/outcome of a test/election).
    *   Sense 3: `result%1:10:01::` - semantic role of a noun phrase (linguistic term). (Doesn't fit).
    *   Sense 4: `result%1:19:00::` - a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon (consequence, effect, outcome, upshot). (Fits perfectly; the "generation of young people..." is the consequence/effect of the educational approach described).

    *   Sense 2 vs. Sense 4: Sense 2 is more about the "final result" (like a test result), whereas Sense 4 is about a "consequence" or "effect" of a cause. The context describes a causal chain: (Equating creativity with self-esteem) $\rightarrow$ (Generation of incompetent young people). This is a classic cause-and-effect relationship.

    *   Sense 4: "a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon" (synonyms: consequence, effect, outcome, upshot).
    *   Context: "The result is a generation of young people..." (The generation is the consequence of the previous actions).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: generation
Target surface form: generation
Context:
Here is an example. If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a <t>generation</t> of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=generation%1:28:00:: | definition=the normal time between successive generations | examples=they had to wait a generation for that prejudice to fade
2. sense_key=generation%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of producing offspring or multiplying by such production | synonyms=multiplication, propagation
3. sense_key=generation%1:14:01:: | definition=all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age | synonyms=coevals, contemporaries
4. sense_key=generation%1:04:01:: | definition=the production of heat or electricity | examples=dams were built for the generation of electricity
5. sense_key=generation%1:28:01:: | definition=a stage of technological development or innovation | examples=the third generation of computers
6. sense_key=generation%1:14:00:: | definition=group of genetically related organisms constituting a single step in the line of descent
7. sense_key=generation%1:11:00:: | definition=a coming into being | synonyms=genesis

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "generation"
    *   Context: "The result is a <t>generation</t> of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves."
    *   Target surface form: "generation"

    *   Sense 1: Normal time between successive generations (time interval).
    *   Sense 2: Act of producing offspring (biological process).
    *   Sense 3: All the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age (coevals, contemporaries).
    *   Sense 4: Production of heat or electricity (physical process).
    *   Sense 5: Stage of technological development (tech version).
    *   Sense 6: Group of genetically related organisms constituting a single step in the line of descent (family lineage).
    *   Sense 7: A coming into being (genesis).

    *   The sentence refers to "a generation of young people."
    *   It describes a specific group of people (young people) who share certain characteristics (ignorance, intellectual incompetence, high self-esteem) because they were educated under a certain philosophy.
    *   This refers to a cohort of people living at the same time or of a similar age, rather than a biological lineage (Sense 6) or a time interval (Sense 1).

    *   Sense 3: "all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age" fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 6: "group of genetically related organisms constituting a single step in the line of descent" does not fit because the "generation of young people" here is defined by their age/era and shared educational experience, not by genetic relation.