[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: spring
Target surface form: spring
Context:
Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last <t>spring</t>, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=spring%1:28:00:: | definition=the season of growth | synonyms=springtime | examples=the emerging buds were a sure sign of spring; he will hold office until the spring of next year
2. sense_key=spring%1:07:00:: | definition=the elasticity of something that can be stretched and returns to its original length | synonyms=give, springiness
3. sense_key=spring%1:06:00:: | definition=a metal elastic device that returns to its shape or position when pushed or pulled or pressed | examples=the spring was broken
4. sense_key=spring%1:17:00:: | definition=a natural flow of ground water | synonyms=fountain, outflow, outpouring, natural spring
5. sense_key=spring%1:04:00:: | definition=a light, self-propelled movement upwards or forwards | synonyms=leap, leaping, saltation, bound, bounce
6. sense_key=spring%1:15:00:: | definition=a point at which water issues forth

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `spring`
    *   Target surface form: `spring`
    *   Context: "...Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last <t>spring</t>, researchers reported finding a gene called p53..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `spring%1:28:00::` (the season of growth)
        2.  `spring%1:07:00::` (elasticity)
        3.  `spring%1:06:00::` (metal elastic device)
        4.  `spring%1:17:00::` (natural flow of ground water)
        5.  `spring%1:04:00::` (light, self-propelled movement)
        6.  `spring%1:15:00::` (point at which water issues forth)

    *   The sentence is: "Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53..."
    *   "last spring" refers to a time period, specifically the season.

    *   Sense 1: "the season of growth" (Matches "last spring")
    *   Sense 2: "elasticity" (Does not match)
    *   Sense 3: "metal elastic device" (Does not match)
    *   Sense 4: "natural flow of ground water" (Does not match)
    *   Sense 5: "light, self-propelled movement" (Does not match)
    *   Sense 6: "point at which water issues forth" (Does not match)

    *   The context clearly indicates a time of year. Sense 1 is the only one that fits.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: report
Target surface form: reported
Context:
Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers <t>reported</t> finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=report%2:32:01:: | definition=make known to the authorities | examples=One student reported the other to the principal
2. sense_key=report%2:32:00:: | definition=to give an account or representation of in words | synonyms=describe, account | examples=Discreet Italian police described it in a manner typically continental
3. sense_key=report%2:32:03:: | definition=announce one's presence | examples=I report to work every day at 9 o'clock
4. sense_key=report%2:32:04:: | definition=announce as the result of an investigation or experience or finding | examples=Dozens of incidents of wife beatings are reported daily in this city; The team reported significant advances in their research
5. sense_key=report%2:32:02:: | definition=complain about; make a charge against | examples=I reported her to the supervisor
6. sense_key=report%2:32:13:: | definition=be responsible for reporting the details of, as in journalism | synonyms=cover | examples=Snow reported on China in the 1950's; The cub reporter covered New York City

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `report`
    *   Target surface form: `reported`
    *   Context: "...researchers <t>reported</t> finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `make known to the authorities` (e.g., reporting a student to a principal)
        2.  `to give an account or representation of in words` (e.g., describe, account)
        3.  `announce one's presence` (e.g., report to work)
        4.  `announce as the result of an investigation or experience or finding` (e.g., "The team reported significant advances in their research")
        5.  `complain about; make a charge against` (e.g., report to a supervisor)
        6.  `be responsible for reporting the details of, as in journalism` (e.g., cover a story)

    *   The sentence is: "Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53..."
    *   The "researchers" are announcing a scientific discovery ("finding a gene called p53").
    *   This is the result of scientific investigation/research.

    *   Sense 1: Not reporting to authorities in a legal/disciplinary sense.
    *   Sense 2: General description. While they are describing it, Sense 4 is more specific to findings.
    *   Sense 3: Not announcing presence.
    *   Sense 4: "announce as the result of an investigation or experience or finding". This fits perfectly. The example "The team reported significant advances in their research" is almost identical in context to "researchers reported finding a gene".
    *   Sense 5: Not complaining.
    *   Sense 6: Not journalism (though scientific reporting is similar, the sense here is about the discovery itself, not the act of covering a beat).

    *   Sense 4 is the most precise fit for scientific findings.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: find
Target surface form: finding
Context:
Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported <t>finding</t> a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=find%2:30:13:: | definition=accept and make use of one's personality, abilities, and situation | synonyms=find oneself | examples=My son went to Berkeley to find himself
2. sense_key=find%2:40:15:: | definition=get or find back; recover the use of | synonyms=recover, retrieve, regain | examples=She regained control of herself; She found her voice and replied quickly
3. sense_key=find%2:31:09:: | definition=make a discovery | synonyms=discover | examples=She found that he had lied to her; The story is false, so far as I can discover
4. sense_key=find%2:39:01:: | definition=perceive or be contemporaneous with | synonyms=witness, see | examples=We found Republicans winning the offices; You'll see a lot of cheating in this school
5. sense_key=find%2:36:00:: | definition=make a discovery, make a new finding | synonyms=discover | examples=Roentgen discovered X-rays; Physicists believe they found a new elementary particle
6. sense_key=find%2:30:00:: | definition=receive a specified treatment (abstract) | synonyms=receive, get, obtain, incur | examples=These aspects of civilization do not find expression or receive an interpretation; His movie received a good review
7. sense_key=find%2:32:00:: | definition=establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study | synonyms=determine, find out, ascertain | examples=find the product of two numbers; The physicist who found the elusive particle won the Nobel Prize
8. sense_key=find%2:39:02:: | definition=discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of | synonyms=detect, observe, discover, notice | examples=She detected high levels of lead in her drinking water; We found traces of lead in the paint
9. sense_key=find%2:32:01:: | definition=decide on and make a declaration about | synonyms=rule | examples=find someone guilty
10. sense_key=find%2:40:03:: | definition=obtain through effort or management | examples=She found the time and energy to take care of her aging parents; We found the money to send our sons to college
11. sense_key=find%2:40:00:: | definition=come upon after searching; find the location of something that was missed or lost | synonyms=regain | examples=Did you find your glasses?; I cannot find my gloves!
12. sense_key=find%2:31:10:: | definition=come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds | synonyms=feel | examples=I feel that he doesn't like me; I find him to be obnoxious
13. sense_key=find%2:39:05:: | definition=perceive oneself to be in a certain condition or place | examples=I found myself in a difficult situation; When he woke up, he found himself in a hospital room
14. sense_key=find%2:40:02:: | definition=come upon, as if by accident; meet with | synonyms=happen, chance, bump, encounter | examples=We find this idea in Plato; I happened upon the most wonderful bakery not very far from here
15. sense_key=find%2:38:10:: | definition=succeed in reaching; arrive at | examples=The arrow found its mark
16. sense_key=find%2:40:01:: | definition=get something or somebody for a specific purpose | synonyms=line up, get hold, come up | examples=I found this gadget that will serve as a bottle opener; I got hold of these tools to fix our plumbing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `find`
    *   Target surface form: `finding`
    *   Context: "...researchers reported <t>finding</t> a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous."
    *   Meaning: The researchers discovered a specific gene (p53).

    *   1: find oneself (personality/abilities) - No.
    *   2: recover/regain (use of) - No.
    *   3: make a discovery (general) - Possible.
    *   4: perceive/witness - No.
    *   5: make a discovery, make a new finding (scientific discovery) - Very likely.
    *   6: receive treatment (abstract) - No.
    *   7: establish after calculation/investigation (determine/ascertain) - Possible.
    *   8: discover/determine existence, presence, or fact of (detect/observe) - Possible.
    *   9: decide/declare (rule) - No.
    *   10: obtain through effort (time/money) - No.
    *   11: come upon after searching (lost item) - No.
    *   12: come to believe (feel) - No.
    *   13: perceive oneself in a condition - No.
    *   14: come upon by accident - No.
    *   15: succeed in reaching (mark) - No.
    *   16: get something for a purpose - No.

    *   Sense 3: "make a discovery" (general). Example: "She found that he had lied to her."
    *   Sense 5: "make a discovery, make a new finding" (scientific). Example: "Roentgen discovered X-rays; Physicists believe they found a new elementary particle."
    *   Sense 7: "establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study" (determine/ascertain). Example: "The physicist who found the elusive particle won the Nobel Prize."
    *   Sense 8: "discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of" (detect/observe). Example: "She detected high levels of lead in her drinking water."

    *   The context is about researchers discovering a gene (p53). This is a classic scientific discovery.
    *   Sense 5 specifically mentions "make a new finding" and gives examples of scientific discoveries (X-rays, elementary particle).
    *   Sense 7 is about establishing a fact through study.
    *   Sense 8 is about detecting the presence of something.
    *   Comparing Sense 5 and Sense 7: Sense 5's examples (X-rays, elementary particle) are almost identical in nature to finding a gene. Sense 7's example (elusive particle) is also close, but Sense 5's definition "make a discovery, make a new finding" fits the "reported finding a gene" phrasing perfectly.

    *   Wait, let's look at Sense 5 again: "make a discovery, make a new finding".
    *   Let's look at Sense 3: "make a discovery".
    *   Sense 5 is more specific to scientific discovery.
    *   Let's look at Sense 8: "discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of".
    *   In the sentence "researchers reported finding a gene called p53", they are announcing the discovery of the gene's existence/identity.

    *   Sense 5: "make a discovery, make a new finding" (Example: Roentgen discovered X-rays).
    *   Sense 7: "establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study" (Example: The physicist who found the elusive particle won the Nobel Prize).
    *   Sense 8: "discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of" (Example: She detected high levels of lead in her drinking water).

    The act of "finding a gene" in a research context is typically categorized as a scientific discovery. Sense 5 is the most direct fit for "making a new finding" in a scientific sense.

    *Self-Correction:* Let me re-read Sense 5 and Sense 7.
    Sense 5: "make a discovery, make a new finding"
    Sense 7: "establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study"

    Actually, looking at the examples:
    Sense 5: Roentgen discovered X-rays.
    Sense 7: The physicist who found the elusive particle won the Nobel Prize.

    Both are very similar. However, "finding a gene" is a discovery of a biological entity. Sense 5's definition "make a discovery, make a new finding" is a very strong match for the surface form "finding" used as a gerund here.

    Let's check Sense 8 again: "discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of". This is often used for detecting something already known to exist but whose presence in a specific sample is being found (like lead in water). Finding a *new* gene (or identifying it for the first time) is more of a discovery (Sense 5).

    Sense 5 is the best fit for a scientific discovery of a new entity.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: call
Target surface form: called
Context:
Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene <t>called</t> p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=call%2:32:02:: | definition=assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to | synonyms=name | examples=They named their son David; The new school was named after the famous Civil Rights leader
2. sense_key=call%2:31:13:: | definition=utter in a loud voice or announce | examples=He called my name; The auctioneer called the bids
3. sense_key=call%2:38:00:: | definition=give the calls (to the dancers) for a square dance | synonyms=call off
4. sense_key=call%2:31:05:: | definition=consider or regard as being | examples=I would not call her beautiful
5. sense_key=call%2:41:12:: | definition=make a stop in a harbour | examples=The ship will call in Honolulu tomorrow
6. sense_key=call%2:41:04:: | definition=call a meeting; invite or command to meet | examples=The Wannsee Conference was called to discuss the `Final Solution'; The new dean calls meetings every week
7. sense_key=call%2:40:05:: | definition=make a demand, as for a card or a suit or a show of hands | synonyms=bid | examples=He called his trump
8. sense_key=call%2:42:09:: | definition=stop or postpone because of adverse conditions, such as bad weather | examples=call a football game
9. sense_key=call%2:32:10:: | definition=make a prediction about; tell in advance | synonyms=predict, foretell, prognosticate, forebode, anticipate, promise | examples=Call the outcome of an election
10. sense_key=call%2:32:06:: | definition=indicate a decision in regard to | examples=call balls and strikes behind the plate
11. sense_key=call%2:32:09:: | definition=utter a sudden loud cry | synonyms=shout, shout out, cry, yell, scream, holler | examples=she cried with pain when the doctor inserted the needle; I yelled to her from the window but she couldn't hear me
12. sense_key=call%2:32:00:: | definition=ascribe a quality to or give a name of a common noun that reflects a quality | examples=He called me a bastard; She called her children lazy and ungrateful
13. sense_key=call%2:29:05:: | definition=rouse somebody from sleep with a call | examples=I was called at 5 A.M. this morning
14. sense_key=call%2:32:03:: | definition=utter a characteristic note or cry | examples=bluejays called to one another
15. sense_key=call%2:32:07:: | definition=challenge (somebody) to make good on a statement; charge with or censure for an offense | examples=He deserves to be called on that
16. sense_key=call%2:32:01:: | definition=get or try to get into communication (with someone) by telephone | synonyms=telephone, call up, phone, ring | examples=I tried to call you all night; Take two aspirin and call me in the morning
17. sense_key=call%2:32:05:: | definition=order, request, or command to come | synonyms=send for | examples=She was called into the director's office; Call the police!
18. sense_key=call%2:41:00:: | definition=pay a brief visit | synonyms=visit, call in | examples=The mayor likes to call on some of the prominent citizens
19. sense_key=call%2:32:04:: | definition=send a message or attempt to reach someone by radio, phone, etc.; make a signal to in order to transmit a message | examples=Hawaii is calling!; A transmitter in Samoa was heard calling
20. sense_key=call%2:40:09:: | definition=demand payment of (a loan) | synonyms=call in | examples=Call a loan
21. sense_key=call%2:41:14:: | definition=greet, as with a prescribed form, title, or name | synonyms=address | examples=He always addresses me with `Sir'; Call me Mister
22. sense_key=call%2:32:11:: | definition=lure by imitating the characteristic call of an animal | examples=Call ducks
23. sense_key=call%2:32:13:: | definition=read aloud to check for omissions or absentees | examples=Call roll
24. sense_key=call%2:32:08:: | definition=declare in the capacity of an umpire or referee | examples=call a runner out
25. sense_key=call%2:31:00:: | definition=challenge the sincerity or truthfulness of | examples=call the speaker on a question of fact
26. sense_key=call%2:32:14:: | definition=order, summon, or request for a specific duty or activity, work, role | examples=He was already called 4 times for jury duty; They called him to active military duty
27. sense_key=call%2:32:12:: | definition=require the presentation of for redemption before maturation | examples=Call a bond
28. sense_key=call%2:32:15:: | definition=order or request or give a command for | examples=The unions called a general strike for Sunday

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `call`
    *   Target surface form: `called`
    *   Context: "...researchers reported finding a gene <t>called</t> p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous."

    *   The sentence says "a gene called p53".
    *   "p53" is the name given to the gene.
    *   The action is assigning a name to a biological entity.

    *   Sense 1: "assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to" (synonym: name). Example: "They named their son David".
    *   Sense 2: "utter in a loud voice or announce".
    *   Sense 3: "give the calls... for a square dance".
    *   Sense 4: "consider or regard as being". Example: "I would not call her beautiful".
    *   Sense 12: "ascribe a quality to or give a name of a common noun that reflects a quality". Example: "He called me a bastard".
    *   Sense 21: "greet, as with a prescribed form, title, or name". Example: "Call me Mister".

    *   The gene is named "p53". This is a proper name (or a specific identifier) assigned to the gene.
    *   Sense 1 ("assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to") fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 4 is about opinion/regard.
    *   Sense 12 is about qualities/common nouns.
    *   Sense 21 is about addressing someone.

    *   Sense 1: "assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to" -> "a gene called p53". This matches.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: impair
Target surface form: impaired
Context:
Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if <t>impaired</t>, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=impair%2:30:00:: | definition=make worse or less effective | examples=His vision was impaired
2. sense_key=impair%2:30:01:: | definition=make imperfect | synonyms=mar, spoil, deflower, vitiate | examples=nothing marred her beauty

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `impair`
    *   Target surface form: `impaired`
    *   Context: "...researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if <t>impaired</t>, turns healthy colon cells cancerous."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `impair%2:30:00::`: make worse or less effective (Example: His vision was impaired)
        2.  `impair%2:30:01::`: make imperfect (Synonyms: mar, spoil, deflower, vitiate; Example: nothing marred her beauty)

    *   The context discusses a gene (p53) that acts as a cancer-suppressor.
    *   If the gene is "impaired," it no longer functions correctly to prevent cancer, leading to healthy cells becoming cancerous.
    *   This describes a loss of function or a reduction in effectiveness.

    *   Sense 1: "make worse or less effective". This fits perfectly. A gene that is "impaired" is less effective at its job (suppressing cancer).
    *   Sense 2: "make imperfect" (mar, spoil). This is more about aesthetic or structural perfection (e.g., "marred her beauty"). While a mutation makes a gene "imperfect," the consequence described (turning cells cancerous) is a result of the gene becoming *less effective* at its biological function.

    *   Sense 1 is the standard way to describe biological or physiological dysfunction (like "impaired vision" or "impaired kidney function").
    *   Sense 2 is more about spoiling or marring.

    *   The gene p53 is a tumor suppressor. If it is impaired (damaged/mutated), it cannot perform its function (less effective), which allows cancer to grow. This aligns with Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: turn
Target surface form: turns
Context:
Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, <t>turns</t> healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=turn%2:29:00:: | definition=twist suddenly so as to sprain | synonyms=twist, sprain, wrench, wrick, rick | examples=wrench one's ankle; The wrestler twisted his shoulder
2. sense_key=turn%2:36:00:: | definition=to break and turn over earth especially with a plow | synonyms=plow, plough | examples=Farmer Jones plowed his east field last week; turn the earth in the Spring
3. sense_key=turn%2:38:13:: | definition=cause to move along an axis or into a new direction | examples=turn your face to the wall; turn the car around
4. sense_key=turn%2:30:03:: | definition=pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become | synonyms=grow | examples=The weather turned nasty; She grew angry
5. sense_key=turn%2:38:00:: | definition=change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense | examples=Turn towards me; The mugger turned and fled before I could see his face
6. sense_key=turn%2:33:13:: | definition=direct at someone | examples=She turned a smile on me; They turned their flashlights on the car
7. sense_key=turn%2:30:04:: | definition=undergo a transformation or a change of position or action | synonyms=change state | examples=We turned from Socialism to Capitalism; The people turned against the President when he stole the election
8. sense_key=turn%2:35:08:: | definition=let (something) fall or spill from a container | synonyms=release | examples=turn the flour onto a plate
9. sense_key=turn%2:38:02:: | definition=cause to move around or rotate | examples=turn a key; turn your palm this way
10. sense_key=turn%2:38:04:: | definition=move around an axis or a center | examples=The wheels are turning
11. sense_key=turn%2:35:11:: | definition=cause (a plastic object) to assume a crooked or angular form | synonyms=flex, bend, deform, twist | examples=bend the rod; twist the dough into a braid
12. sense_key=turn%2:41:10:: | definition=accomplish by rotating | examples=turn a somersault; turn cartwheels
13. sense_key=turn%2:38:06:: | definition=to send or let go | examples=They turned away the crowd at the gate of the governor's mansion
14. sense_key=turn%2:35:06:: | definition=shape by rotating on a lathe or cutting device or a wheel | examples=turn the legs of the table; turn the clay on the wheel
15. sense_key=turn%2:42:00:: | definition=undergo a change or development | synonyms=become | examples=The water turned into ice; Her former friend became her worst enemy
16. sense_key=turn%2:38:01:: | definition=cause to move around a center so as to show another side of | synonyms=turn over | examples=turn a page of a book
17. sense_key=turn%2:30:01:: | definition=go sour or spoil | synonyms=sour, ferment, work | examples=The milk has soured; The wine worked
18. sense_key=turn%2:38:14:: | definition=channel one's attention, interest, thought, or attention toward or away from something | examples=The pedophile turned to boys for satisfaction; people turn to mysticism at the turn of a millennium
19. sense_key=turn%2:30:00:: | definition=change to the contrary | synonyms=change by reversal, reverse | examples=The trend was reversed; the tides turned against him
20. sense_key=turn%2:42:13:: | definition=cause to change or turn into something different;assume new characteristics | examples=The princess turned the frog into a prince by kissing him; The alchemists tried to turn lead into gold
21. sense_key=turn%2:32:14:: | definition=have recourse to or make an appeal or request for help or information to | synonyms=call on | examples=She called on her Representative to help her; She turned to her relatives for help
22. sense_key=turn%2:30:14:: | definition=become officially one year older | examples=She is turning 50 this year
23. sense_key=turn%2:38:03:: | definition=pass to the other side of | synonyms=move around | examples=turn the corner; move around the obstacle
24. sense_key=turn%2:35:10:: | definition=alter the functioning or setting of | examples=turn the dial to 10; turn the heat down
25. sense_key=turn%2:30:09:: | definition=change color | examples=In Vermont, the leaves turn early
26. sense_key=turn%2:40:13:: | definition=get by buying and selling | examples=the company turned a good profit after a year

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 20}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 20}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `turn`
    *   Target surface form: `turns`
    *   Context: "...researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, <t>turns</t> healthy colon cells cancerous."

    *   The sentence describes a process where a gene (p53), when impaired, causes healthy colon cells to become cancerous.
    *   The action is "turns [object] [adjective/state]".
    *   Object: "healthy colon cells"
    *   Resulting state: "cancerous"

    *   1: twist suddenly (sprain) - No.
    *   2: break and turn over earth (plow) - No.
    *   3: cause to move along an axis/direction - No.
    *   4: pass into a condition gradually (become) - This is intransitive (e.g., "The weather turned nasty"). The target usage is transitive ("turns healthy colon cells cancerous").
    *   5: change orientation or direction - No.
    *   6: direct at someone - No.
    *   7: undergo a transformation (change state) - Intransitive (e.g., "We turned from Socialism to Capitalism").
    *   8: let fall or spill - No.
    *   9: cause to move around or rotate - No.
    *   10: move around an axis - No.
    *   11: cause plastic object to assume crooked form - No.
    *   12: accomplish by rotating - No.
    *   13: send or let go - No.
    *   14: shape by rotating on a lathe - No.
    *   15: undergo a change or development (become) - Intransitive (e.g., "The water turned into ice").
    *   16: cause to move around a center to show another side - No.
    *   17: go sour or spoil - No.
    *   18: channel attention - No.
    *   19: change to the contrary - No.
    *   20: cause to change or turn into something different; assume new characteristics (e.g., "The princess turned the frog into a prince"). This is transitive and fits the "cause to become" meaning.
    *   21: have recourse to - No.
    *   22: become one year older - No.
    *   23: pass to the other side of - No.
    *   24: alter functioning or setting - No.
    *   25: change color - No.
    *   26: get by buying and selling - No.

    *   The target sentence is: "...turns healthy colon cells cancerous."
    *   This means "causes healthy colon cells to become cancerous."
    *   Sense 20: "cause to change or turn into something different; assume new characteristics." Example: "The princess turned the frog into a prince."
    *   Sense 4 and 15 are intransitive ("become").
    *   Sense 20 is the transitive version ("cause to become").

    *   Sense 20 fits perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: healthy
Target surface form: healthy
Context:
Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns <t>healthy</t> colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=healthy%5:00:00:sound:00 | definition=financially secure and functioning well | examples=a healthy economy
2. sense_key=healthy%5:00:00:reasonable:00 | definition=exercising or showing good judgment | synonyms=intelligent, levelheaded, sound | examples=healthy scepticism; a healthy fear of rattlesnakes
3. sense_key=healthy%5:00:00:considerable:00 | definition=large in amount or extent or degree | synonyms=goodly, goodish, hefty, respectable, sizable, sizeable | examples=it cost a considerable amount; a goodly amount
4. sense_key=healthy%5:00:00:wholesome:00 | definition=promoting health; healthful; ; ; ; ; - C.B.Davis | synonyms=salubrious, good for you | examples=a healthy diet; clean healthy air
5. sense_key=healthy%3:00:00:: | definition=having or indicating good health in body or mind; free from infirmity or disease | examples=a rosy healthy baby; staying fit and healthy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `healthy`
    *   Target surface form: `healthy`
    *   Context: "...researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns <t>healthy</t> colon cells cancerous."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `healthy%5:00:00:sound:00`: financially secure (e.g., healthy economy)
        2.  `healthy%5:00:00:reasonable:00`: exercising good judgment (e.g., healthy scepticism)
        3.  `healthy%5:00:00:considerable:00`: large in amount (e.g., a healthy amount)
        4.  `healthy%5:00:00:wholesome:00`: promoting health (e.g., healthy diet)
        5.  `healthy%3:00:00::`: having or indicating good health in body or mind; free from infirmity or disease (e.g., a rosy healthy baby)

    *   The phrase is "healthy colon cells".
    *   The context describes a gene (p53) that, if impaired, turns these cells "cancerous".
    *   "Cancerous" is the opposite of "healthy" in this biological context.
    *   The cells are not "promoting health" (sense 4), they are not "financially secure" (sense 1), they are not "reasonable" (sense 2), and they are not "large in amount" (sense 3).
    *   They are "free from infirmity or disease" (sense 5).

    *   Sense 5: "having or indicating good health in body or mind; free from infirmity or disease". This fits perfectly for cells that are not yet cancerous.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: colon
Target surface form: colon
Context:
Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy <t>colon</t> cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=colon%1:15:00:: | definition=a port city at the Caribbean entrance to the Panama Canal | synonyms=Aspinwall
2. sense_key=colon%1:23:01:: | definition=the basic unit of money in El Salvador; equal to 100 centavos | synonyms=El Salvadoran colon
3. sense_key=colon%1:23:00:: | definition=the basic unit of money in Costa Rica; equal to 100 centimos | synonyms=Costa Rican colon
4. sense_key=colon%1:08:00:: | definition=the part of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum; it extracts moisture from food residues before they are excreted
5. sense_key=colon%1:10:00:: | definition=a punctuation mark (:) used after a word introducing a series or an example or an explanation (or after the salutation of a business letter)

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `colon`
    *   Target surface form: `colon`
    *   Context: "...researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy <t>colon</t> cells cancerous."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  A port city in Panama.
        2.  Money in El Salvador.
        3.  Money in Costa Rica.
        4.  Part of the large intestine.
        5.  Punctuation mark (:).

    *   The sentence mentions "healthy colon cells cancerous," "gene called p53," "lung and breast cancers," and "cancer-suppressors."
    *   The context is clearly medical/biological, specifically referring to cells in a part of the body that can become cancerous.

    *   Sense 1 (City) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 2 (Money) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 3 (Money) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 4 (Large intestine) - Correct. The colon is a part of the large intestine, and colon cancer is a common type of cancer.
    *   Sense 5 (Punctuation) - Incorrect.

    *   The best sense is index 4.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cell
Target surface form: cells
Context:
Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon <t>cells</t> cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cell%1:06:00:: | definition=a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction | synonyms=electric cell
2. sense_key=cell%1:06:04:: | definition=a hand-held mobile radiotelephone for use in an area divided into small sections, each with its own short-range transmitter/receiver | synonyms=cellular telephone, cellular phone, cellphone, mobile phone
3. sense_key=cell%1:03:00:: | definition=(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
4. sense_key=cell%1:06:03:: | definition=any small compartment | examples=the cells of a honeycomb
5. sense_key=cell%1:06:02:: | definition=small room in which a monk or nun lives | synonyms=cubicle
6. sense_key=cell%1:06:01:: | definition=a room where a prisoner is kept | synonyms=jail cell, prison cell
7. sense_key=cell%1:14:00:: | definition=a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement | synonyms=cadre

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `cell`
    *   Target surface form: `cells`
    *   Context: "...researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon <t>cells</t> cancerous."
    *   Key phrases: "gene", "healthy colon cells", "cancerous", "retinal cell growth", "tissue from lung and breast cancers".

    *   Sense 1: Electric current device (battery).
    *   Sense 2: Mobile phone.
    *   Sense 3: (Biology) basic structural and functional unit of all organisms.
    *   Sense 4: Small compartment (e.g., honeycomb).
    *   Sense 5: Monk/nun's room.
    *   Sense 6: Prisoner's room.
    *   Sense 7: Small political unit.

    *   The context is clearly biological/medical, discussing genes, cancer, and organs (colon, lung, breast).
    *   "Healthy colon cells" refers to the biological units that make up the colon.
    *   This matches Sense 3 perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cancerous
Target surface form: cancerous
Context:
Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells <t>cancerous</t>. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cancerous%5:00:00:malignant:02 | definition=relating to or affected with cancer | examples=a cancerous growth
2. sense_key=cancerous%5:00:00:malign:00 | definition=like a cancer; an evil that grows and spreads | examples=remorse was cancerous within him; pornography is cancerous to the moral development of our children

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `cancerous`
    *   Target surface form: `cancerous`
    *   Context: "...researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells <t>cancerous</t>."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `cancerous%5:00:00:malignant:02`: relating to or affected with cancer (e.g., "a cancerous growth").
        2.  `cancerous%5:00:00:malign:00`: like a cancer; an evil that grows and spreads (e.g., "remorse was cancerous within him").

    *   The sentence discusses genetics, p53 genes, colon cells, and cancer research.
    *   "turns healthy colon cells cancerous" clearly refers to the biological process of cells becoming malignant/cancerous.

    *   Sense 1 is the medical/biological meaning (malignant).
    *   Sense 2 is the metaphorical meaning (evil/spreading).

    *   The context is medical/biological. Sense 1 is the correct fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: report
Target surface form: report
Context:
"It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that <t>report</t>, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers. Colon, lung and breast cancers are the most common and lethal forms of the disease, collectively killing almost 200,000 Americans a year.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=report%1:10:01:: | definition=the act of informing by verbal report | synonyms=account | examples=he heard reports that they were causing trouble; by all accounts they were a happy couple
2. sense_key=report%1:10:02:: | definition=an essay (especially one written as an assignment) | synonyms=composition, paper, theme | examples=he got an A on his composition
3. sense_key=report%1:10:03:: | definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | synonyms=study, written report | examples=this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
4. sense_key=report%1:11:00:: | definition=a sharp explosive sound (especially the sound of a gun firing) | examples=they heard a violent report followed by silence
5. sense_key=report%1:09:00:: | definition=the general estimation that the public has for a person | synonyms=reputation | examples=he acquired a reputation as an actor before he started writing; he was a person of bad report
6. sense_key=report%1:10:04:: | definition=a written evaluation of a student's scholarship and deportment | synonyms=report card | examples=his father signed his report card
7. sense_key=report%1:10:00:: | definition=a short account of the news | synonyms=news report, story, account, write up | examples=the report of his speech; the story was on the 11 o'clock news

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `report`
    *   Target surface form: `report`
    *   Context: "...researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that <t>report</t>, two other research teams uncovered evidence..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `report%1:10:01::`: act of informing by verbal report (account).
        2.  `report%1:10:02::`: an essay (assignment).
        3.  `report%1:10:03::`: a written document describing the findings of some individual or group (study, written report).
        4.  `report%1:11:00::`: a sharp explosive sound.
        5.  `report%1:09:00::`: general estimation (reputation).
        6.  `report%1:10:04::`: written evaluation of a student (report card).
        7.  `report%1:10:00::`: a short account of the news (news report, story).

    *   The sentence says: "researchers reported finding a gene called p53... Soon after that report..."
    *   The "report" refers to the act of researchers reporting their scientific findings about the p53 gene.
    *   In a scientific context, when researchers "report" findings, they typically do so via a written document (a scientific paper or study).
    *   Sense 3 specifically mentions "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group" and gives the synonym "study". This fits perfectly with scientific research findings.
    *   Sense 7 ("short account of the news") is more about journalism.
    *   Sense 1 ("act of informing by verbal report") is less likely in a scientific context where "reporting" usually implies publication.

    *   Sense 3: "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group" (synonyms: study, written report).
    *   Context: "researchers reported finding a gene... Soon after that report..."
    *   The "report" is the publication of the discovery of the p53 gene. This is a classic scientific study/paper.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: other
Target surface form: other
Context:
"It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two <t>other</t> research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers. Colon, lung and breast cancers are the most common and lethal forms of the disease, collectively killing almost 200,000 Americans a year.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening
2. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=belonging to the distant past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
3. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail
4. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "other"
    *   Target surface form: "other"
    *   Context: "...two <t>other</t> research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `other%5:00:00:past:00`: recently past (e.g., "the other evening")
        2.  `other%5:00:02:past:00`: belonging to the distant past (e.g., "former generations")
        3.  `other%5:00:00:strange:00`: very unusual; different in character (e.g., "a strange, other dimension")
        4.  `other%3:00:00::`: not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied (e.g., "highways and other public works")

    *   The sentence says: "Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence..."
    *   The "other" refers to research teams that are different from the one previously mentioned (the researchers who reported finding the p53 gene).
    *   This fits the definition "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied".

    *   Sense 1: "recently past" - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 2: "distant past" - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 3: "strange/unusual" - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 4: "not the same one or ones already mentioned" - Correct.

    *   The best sense is index 4.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: team
Target surface form: teams
Context:
"It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research <t>teams</t> uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers. Colon, lung and breast cancers are the most common and lethal forms of the disease, collectively killing almost 200,000 Americans a year.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=team%1:14:00:: | definition=a cooperative unit (especially in sports) | synonyms=squad
2. sense_key=team%1:14:01:: | definition=two or more draft animals that work together to pull something

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `team`
    *   Target surface form: `teams`
    *   Context: "...two other research <t>teams</t> uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `team%1:14:00::`: a cooperative unit (especially in sports) | synonyms=squad
        2.  `team%1:14:01::`: two or more draft animals that work together to pull something

    *   The context mentions "research teams" uncovering evidence about a gene (p53) in cancer research.
    *   This refers to groups of scientists working together.
    *   Sense 1 describes a "cooperative unit," which fits a group of researchers.
    *   Sense 2 describes "draft animals," which does not fit.

    *   Sense 1 is the correct fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: evidence
Target surface form: evidence
Context:
"It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered <t>evidence</t> that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers. Colon, lung and breast cancers are the most common and lethal forms of the disease, collectively killing almost 200,000 Americans a year.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=evidence%1:10:00:: | definition=(law) all the means by which any alleged matter of fact whose truth is investigated at judicial trial is established or disproved
2. sense_key=evidence%1:09:00:: | definition=your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief | synonyms=grounds | examples=the evidence that smoking causes lung cancer is very compelling
3. sense_key=evidence%1:10:01:: | definition=an indication that makes something evident | examples=his trembling was evidence of his fear

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `evidence`
    *   Target surface form: `evidence`
    *   Context: "...two other research teams uncovered <t>evidence</t> that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `evidence%1:10:00::`: (law) judicial trial evidence.
        2.  `evidence%1:09:00::`: basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief (synonym: grounds). Example: "the evidence that smoking causes lung cancer is very compelling".
        3.  `evidence%1:10:01::`: an indication that makes something evident. Example: "his trembling was evidence of his fear".

    *   The context is scientific research (cancer research, genes, p53).
    *   The researchers "uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present...".
    *   This refers to scientific data or findings that support a conclusion or belief about the presence of the gene.

    *   Sense 1 (Law): Not applicable. This is not a judicial trial.
    *   Sense 2 (Basis for belief/knowledge): This fits well. Scientific evidence is the basis for believing a hypothesis (e.g., that the p53 gene is present in lung and breast cancers). The example "the evidence that smoking causes lung cancer is very compelling" is almost identical in nature to the target sentence.
    *   Sense 3 (Indication): This usually refers to a sign or symptom (e.g., trembling as evidence of fear). While scientific evidence can be an indication, Sense 2 specifically addresses the "basis for belief" which is the core of scientific evidence.

    *   Sense 2: "your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief".
    *   Sense 3: "an indication that makes something evident".
    *   In the sentence "uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present", the "evidence" consists of the data/findings (knowledge) that lead to the belief/conclusion that the gene is present. This aligns perfectly with Sense 2 and its example about smoking and lung cancer.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: same
Target surface form: same
Context:
"It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the <t>same</t> damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers. Colon, lung and breast cancers are the most common and lethal forms of the disease, collectively killing almost 200,000 Americans a year.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=same%3:00:00:: | definition=closely similar or comparable in kind or quality or quantity or degree | examples=curtains the same color as the walls; two girls of the same age
2. sense_key=same%3:00:04:: | definition=equal in amount or value | synonyms=like | examples=like amounts; equivalent amounts
3. sense_key=same%5:00:00:unchanged:00 | definition=unchanged in character or nature | examples=the village stayed the same; his attitude is the same as ever
4. sense_key=same%3:00:02:: | definition=same in identity | examples=the same man I saw yesterday; never wore the same dress twice

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "same"
    *   Target surface form: "same"
    *   Context: "...two other research teams uncovered evidence that the <t>same</t> damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers."

    *   Sense 1: closely similar or comparable in kind or quality or quantity or degree (e.g., "curtains the same color as the walls").
    *   Sense 2: equal in amount or value (e.g., "like amounts").
    *   Sense 3: unchanged in character or nature (e.g., "the village stayed the same").
    *   Sense 4: same in identity (e.g., "the same man I saw yesterday").

    *   The sentence says: "...two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers."
    *   The "damaged p53 gene" mentioned here refers back to the specific gene (p53) previously mentioned as being impaired in colon cells.
    *   The researchers found that the *identical* gene (the p53 gene) is also the one damaged in lung and breast cancers.
    *   This is a case of identity (the same specific gene/type of gene), not just similarity in color or quality (Sense 1), equality in amount (Sense 2), or lack of change over time (Sense 3).

    *   Sense 4 ("same in identity") fits best. It refers to the identity of the gene (p53) across different types of cancer.

    *   Sense 1: "closely similar" - No, it's the exact same gene (p53).
    *   Sense 2: "equal in amount" - No.
    *   Sense 3: "unchanged" - No.
    *   Sense 4: "same in identity" - Yes.

    *   The target is "the same damaged p53 gene". This refers to the identity of the gene p53.

    *   Sense 4 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: damaged
Target surface form: damaged
Context:
"It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same <t>damaged</t> p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers. Colon, lung and breast cancers are the most common and lethal forms of the disease, collectively killing almost 200,000 Americans a year.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=damaged%3:00:00:: | definition=harmed or injured or spoiled | examples=I won't buy damaged goods; the storm left a wake of badly damaged buildings
2. sense_key=damaged%5:00:00:disreputable:00 | definition=being unjustly brought into disrepute | synonyms=discredited | examples=a discredited politician; her damaged reputation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `damaged`
    *   Target surface form: `damaged`
    *   Context: "...researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same <t>damaged</t> p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `damaged%3:00:00::`: harmed or injured or spoiled (e.g., damaged goods, damaged buildings).
        2.  `damaged%5:00:00:disreputable:00`: being unjustly brought into disrepute (e.g., discredited politician, damaged reputation).

    *   The context discusses a gene (p53) that, if "impaired," leads to cancer.
    *   The sentence says "the same <t>damaged</t> p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers."
    *   In biological/genetic terms, a "damaged gene" refers to a mutation or a physical/functional impairment of the DNA sequence.

    *   Sense 1: "harmed or injured or spoiled". This fits the biological context of a gene being mutated or impaired.
    *   Sense 2: "being unjustly brought into disrepute" (discredited). This refers to reputation and is completely irrelevant to a gene.

    *   Sense 1 is the only logical choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: present
Target surface form: present
Context:
"It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is <t>present</t> in tissue from lung and breast cancers. Colon, lung and breast cancers are the most common and lethal forms of the disease, collectively killing almost 200,000 Americans a year.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=present%3:00:01:: | definition=temporal sense; intermediate between past and future; now existing or happening or in consideration | examples=the present leader; articles for present use
2. sense_key=present%3:00:02:: | definition=being or existing in a specified place | examples=the murderer is present in this room; present at the wedding

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `present`
    *   Target surface form: `present`
    *   Context: "...two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is <t>present</t> in tissue from lung and breast cancers."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `present%3:00:01::`: temporal sense; intermediate between past and future; now existing or happening or in consideration.
        2.  `present%3:00:02::`: being or existing in a specified place.

    *   The sentence says the "damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers."
    *   This refers to the *existence* or *location* of the gene within the tissue.
    *   It is not referring to the current time (temporal sense), but rather to the fact that the gene is *found* or *exists* in that specific location (the tissue).

    *   Sense 1: Temporal (now). Example: "the present leader". (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Spatial/Existence in a place. Example: "the murderer is present in this room". (Correct - the gene is present in the tissue).

    *   The target word "present" in "present in tissue" matches the definition "being or existing in a specified place".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: tissue
Target surface form: tissue
Context:
"It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in <t>tissue</t> from lung and breast cancers. Colon, lung and breast cancers are the most common and lethal forms of the disease, collectively killing almost 200,000 Americans a year.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=tissue%1:08:00:: | definition=part of an organism consisting of an aggregate of cells having a similar structure and function
2. sense_key=tissue%1:27:02:: | definition=a soft thin (usually translucent) paper | synonyms=tissue paper

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "tissue"
    *   Context: "...two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in <t>tissue</t> from lung and breast cancers."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `tissue%1:08:00::`: part of an organism consisting of an aggregate of cells having a similar structure and function.
        2.  `tissue%1:27:02::`: a soft thin (usually translucent) paper.

    *   The context discusses cancer research, genes (p53), tumors, and specific organs (lung and breast).
    *   The phrase "tissue from lung and breast cancers" clearly refers to biological material (cells/organs), not paper.

    *   Sense 1: Biological tissue (aggregate of cells). Matches perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: Paper tissue. Does not match.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: most
Target surface form: most
Context:
"All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers. Colon, lung and breast cancers are the <t>most</t> common and lethal forms of the disease, collectively killing almost 200,000 Americans a year. Right now about a dozen laboratories, in the U.S., Canada and Britain, are racing to unmask other suspected tumor-suppressing genes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=most%4:02:00:: | definition=used to form the superlative | synonyms=to the highest degree | examples=the king cobra is the most dangerous snake
2. sense_key=most%4:02:02:: | definition=(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but | synonyms=about, almost, nearly, near, nigh, virtually | examples=the job is (just) about done; the baby was almost asleep when the alarm sounded
3. sense_key=most%4:02:01:: | definition=very | examples=a most welcome relief

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "most"
    *   Target surface form: "most"
    *   Context: "Colon, lung and breast cancers are the <t>most</t> common and lethal forms of the disease..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `most%4:02:00::` (superlative): used to form the superlative (e.g., "the most dangerous snake").
        2.  `most%4:02:02::` (almost): slightly short of or not quite accomplished (e.g., "the job is about done").
        3.  `most%4:02:01::` (very): very (e.g., "a most welcome relief").

    *   The sentence is: "Colon, lung and breast cancers are the most common and lethal forms of the disease..."
    *   Here, "most" modifies the adjectives "common" and "lethal".
    *   It is preceded by "the", which is a strong indicator of the superlative form.
    *   It compares these cancers to other forms of the disease, indicating they have the highest degree of commonness and lethality.

    *   Sense 1: "used to form the superlative" / "to the highest degree". This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "almost" / "nearly". This does not fit ("the almost common and lethal forms" makes no sense).
    *   Sense 3: "very". While "most" can mean "very" (e.g., "a most welcome relief"), in the phrase "the most common", it is clearly a superlative comparison, not just an intensifier meaning "very".

    *   The usage "the most [adjective]" is the classic superlative construction.
    *   Sense 1 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: common
Target surface form: common
Context:
"All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers. Colon, lung and breast cancers are the most <t>common</t> and lethal forms of the disease, collectively killing almost 200,000 Americans a year. Right now about a dozen laboratories, in the U.S., Canada and Britain, are racing to unmask other suspected tumor-suppressing genes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=common%3:00:02:: | definition=belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public | examples=for the common good; common lands are set aside for use by all members of a community
2. sense_key=common%5:00:00:informal:02 | definition=being or characteristic of or appropriate to everyday language | synonyms=vernacular, vulgar | examples=common parlance; a vernacular term
3. sense_key=common%5:00:00:familiar:02 | definition=commonly encountered | synonyms=usual | examples=a common (or familiar) complaint; the usual greeting
4. sense_key=common%5:00:00:inferior:02 | definition=of low or inferior quality or value; - Shakespeare | synonyms=coarse | examples=of what coarse metal ye are molded; produced...the common cloths used by the poorer population
5. sense_key=common%5:00:00:lowborn:00 | definition=of or associated with the great masses of people | synonyms=plebeian, vulgar, unwashed | examples=the common people in those days suffered greatly; behavior that branded him as common
6. sense_key=common%3:00:01:: | definition=having no special distinction or quality; widely known or commonly encountered; average or ordinary or usual | examples=the common man; a common sailor
7. sense_key=common%5:00:00:unrefined:01 | definition=lacking refinement or cultivation or taste | synonyms=coarse, rough-cut, uncouth, vulgar | examples=he had coarse manners but a first-rate mind; behavior that branded him as common
8. sense_key=common%5:00:00:ordinary:00 | definition=to be expected; standard | examples=common decency
9. sense_key=common%5:00:00:shared:00 | definition=common to or shared by two or more parties | synonyms=mutual | examples=a common friend; the mutual interests of management and labor

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `common`
    *   Target surface form: `common`
    *   Context: "Colon, lung and breast cancers are the most <t>common</t> and lethal forms of the disease..."
    *   Meaning: In this context, "common" refers to the frequency of occurrence of these types of cancer. They are the ones encountered most often.

    *   Sense 1: belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public (e.g., common good). -> Incorrect.
    *   Sense 2: characteristic of everyday language (e.g., common parlance). -> Incorrect.
    *   Sense 3: commonly encountered; usual (e.g., a common complaint). -> This fits well. "Commonly encountered" describes the prevalence of these cancers.
    *   Sense 4: of low or inferior quality or value (e.g., common cloths). -> Incorrect.
    *   Sense 5: of or associated with the great masses of people (e.g., common people). -> Incorrect.
    *   Sense 6: having no special distinction or quality; average or ordinary or usual (e.g., the common man). -> This is more about "ordinary" than "frequent".
    *   Sense 7: lacking refinement or cultivation or taste (e.g., coarse manners). -> Incorrect.
    *   Sense 8: to be expected; standard (e.g., common decency). -> Incorrect.
    *   Sense 9: common to or shared by two or more parties (e.g., a common friend). -> Incorrect.

    *   Sense 3: "commonly encountered" / "usual".
    *   Sense 6: "widely known or commonly encountered; average or ordinary or usual".
    *   Comparing 3 and 6: Sense 3 specifically highlights "commonly encountered" (frequency/prevalence), which is exactly how "common" is used when talking about diseases (e.g., "the most common form of cancer"). Sense 6 focuses more on "average" or "ordinary" (e.g., "the common man").

    *   "Colon, lung and breast cancers are the most common... forms of the disease."
    *   This means they occur most frequently.
    *   Sense 3: "commonly encountered" / "usual".
    *   Sense 6: "having no special distinction or quality; widely known or commonly encountered; average or ordinary or usual".
    *   While both mention "commonly encountered", Sense 3 is a more direct fit for prevalence/frequency in a medical/statistical context.

    *   Sense 3: "commonly encountered" (synonym: usual). Example: "a common (or familiar) complaint".
    *   Sense 6: "having no special distinction or quality... average or ordinary or usual". Example: "the common man".
    *   The usage in the text ("most common... forms of the disease") aligns perfectly with "commonly encountered".

    *   Sense 3 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: form
Target surface form: forms
Context:
"All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers. Colon, lung and breast cancers are the most common and lethal <t>forms</t> of the disease, collectively killing almost 200,000 Americans a year. Right now about a dozen laboratories, in the U.S., Canada and Britain, are racing to unmask other suspected tumor-suppressing genes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=form%1:10:02:: | definition=an arrangement of the elements in a composition or discourse | examples=the essay was in the form of a dialogue; he first sketches the plot in outline form
2. sense_key=form%1:10:01:: | definition=a printed document with spaces in which to write | examples=he filled out his tax form
3. sense_key=form%1:07:03:: | definition=a particular mode in which something is manifested | examples=his resentment took the form of extreme hostility
4. sense_key=form%1:06:01:: | definition=a mold for setting concrete | examples=they built elaborate forms for pouring the foundation
5. sense_key=form%1:03:00:: | definition=the spatial arrangement of something as distinct from its substance | synonyms=shape | examples=geometry is the mathematical science of shape
6. sense_key=form%1:14:02:: | definition=(biology) a group of organisms within a species that differ in trivial ways from similar groups | synonyms=variant, strain, var. | examples=a new strain of microorganisms
7. sense_key=form%1:09:01:: | definition=a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality | synonyms=kind, sort, variety | examples=sculpture is a form of art; what kinds of desserts are there?
8. sense_key=form%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who are taught together | synonyms=class, grade, course | examples=early morning classes are always sleepy
9. sense_key=form%1:07:01:: | definition=any spatial attributes (especially as defined by outline) | synonyms=shape, configuration, contour, conformation | examples=he could barely make out their shapes
10. sense_key=form%1:09:00:: | definition=a perceptual structure | synonyms=shape, pattern | examples=the composition presents problems for students of musical form; a visual pattern must include not only objects but the spaces between them
11. sense_key=form%1:08:00:: | definition=alternative names for the body of a human being | synonyms=human body, physical body, material body, soma, build, figure | examples=Leonardo studied the human body; he has a strong physique
12. sense_key=form%1:06:00:: | definition=a life-size dummy used to display clothes | synonyms=mannequin, manikin, mannikin, manakin
13. sense_key=form%1:07:02:: | definition=an ability to perform well | examples=he was at the top of his form; the team was off form last night
14. sense_key=form%1:26:00:: | definition=(physical chemistry) a distinct state of matter in a system; matter that is identical in chemical composition and physical state and separated from other material by the phase boundary | synonyms=phase | examples=the reaction occurs in the liquid phase of the system
15. sense_key=form%1:10:00:: | definition=the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something | synonyms=word form, signifier, descriptor | examples=the inflected forms of a word can be represented by a stem and a list of inflections to be attached
16. sense_key=form%1:07:00:: | definition=the visual appearance of something or someone | synonyms=shape, cast | examples=the delicate cast of his features

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 7}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 7}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target word: "forms" (plural of "form")
    *   Context: "Colon, lung and breast cancers are the most common and lethal <t>forms</t> of the disease..."
    *   Meaning: In this context, "forms" refers to different types or varieties of cancer (colon, lung, breast).

    *   1: arrangement of elements in composition/discourse (e.g., essay as dialogue) - No.
    *   2: printed document (e.g., tax form) - No.
    *   3: particular mode in which something is manifested (e.g., resentment as hostility) - Possible, but usually refers to a manifestation of an abstract quality.
    *   4: mold for concrete - No.
    *   5: spatial arrangement vs substance (shape) - No.
    *   6: (biology) group within a species differing in trivial ways (variant, strain) - This is biological, but "forms of cancer" usually refers to types/kinds rather than biological strains within a species.
    *   7: category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality (kind, sort, variety) - "Colon, lung and breast cancers are the most common and lethal kinds/sorts/varieties of the disease." This fits perfectly.
    *   8: body of students (class, grade) - No.
    *   9: spatial attributes (shape, configuration) - No.
    *   10: perceptual structure (shape, pattern) - No.
    *   11: human body (physique) - No.
    *   12: mannequin - No.
    *   13: ability to perform well (top of his form) - No.
    *   14: (physical chemistry) distinct state of matter (phase) - No.
    *   15: phonological/orthographic sound/appearance of a word - No.
    *   16: visual appearance (shape, cast) - No.

    *   Sense 7: "a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality | synonyms=kind, sort, variety | examples=sculpture is a form of art".
    *   Applying to context: "Colon, lung and breast cancers are the most common and lethal [kinds/varieties] of the disease". This is the standard way to describe different types of a disease.

    *   Sense 3 ("particular mode in which something is manifested") is close, but Sense 7 ("category of things... kind, sort, variety") is a better fit for distinct types of a disease.
    *   Sense 6 ("group of organisms within a species") is too specific to biological taxonomy of organisms, not types of a disease.