[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: damaged
Target surface form: damaged
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if <t>damaged</t>, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=damaged%3:00:00:: | definition=harmed or injured or spoiled | examples=I won't buy damaged goods; the storm left a wake of badly damaged buildings
2. sense_key=damaged%5:00:00:disreputable:00 | definition=being unjustly brought into disrepute | synonyms=discredited | examples=a discredited politician; her damaged reputation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `damaged`
    *   Target surface form: `damaged`
    *   Context: "Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if <t>damaged</t>, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `damaged%3:00:00::`: harmed or injured or spoiled (e.g., damaged goods, damaged buildings).
        2.  `damaged%5:00:00:disreputable:00`: being unjustly brought into disrepute (e.g., discredited politician, damaged reputation).

    *   The context refers to "genes" being "damaged," leading to "chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer."
    *   In a biological/medical context, "damaged genes" refers to mutations or physical/chemical alterations that impair their function. This aligns with "harmed," "injured," or "spoiled" (in the sense of being broken or malfunctioning).
    *   It does *not* refer to the genes having a "disreputable" reputation or being "discredited."

    *   Sense 1: Harmed, injured, spoiled. (Fits biological damage/mutation).
    *   Sense 2: Disreputable, discredited. (Does not fit).

    *   The best fit is sense 1.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: unleash
Target surface form: unleash
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, <t>unleash</t> the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=unleash%2:35:01:: | definition=release from a leash | examples=unleash the dogs in the park
2. sense_key=unleash%2:35:02:: | definition=turn loose or free from restraint | synonyms=let loose, loose | examples=let loose mines; Loose terrible plagues upon humanity
3. sense_key=unleash%2:35:00:: | definition=release or vent | examples=unleash one's anger

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `unleash`
    *   Target surface form: `unleash`
    *   Context: "Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, <t>unleash</t> the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `unleash%2:35:01::`: release from a leash (literal, e.g., dogs).
        2.  `unleash%2:35:02::`: turn loose or free from restraint (more general, often used for forces, plagues, or destructive things).
        3.  `unleash%2:35:00::`: release or vent (usually emotions, e.g., anger).

    *   The context describes genes that, when damaged, "unleash the chaotic growth of cells".
    *   "Chaotic growth of cells" is a biological process/force, not a dog on a leash (Sense 1) and not an emotion like anger (Sense 3).
    *   Sense 2 ("turn loose or free from restraint") fits best, as it describes releasing a powerful or destructive force (similar to "Loose terrible plagues upon humanity").

    *   Sense 1: Literal leash. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Free from restraint/turn loose (forces/plagues). (Correct)
    *   Sense 3: Venting emotions. (Incorrect)

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: chaotic
Target surface form: chaotic
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the <t>chaotic</t> growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=chaotic%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to a sensitive dependence on initial conditions
2. sense_key=chaotic%5:00:00:wild:02 | definition=completely unordered and unpredictable and confusing | synonyms=disorderly
3. sense_key=chaotic%5:00:00:disorganized:00 | definition=lacking a visible order or organization | synonyms=helter-skelter

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target word: "chaotic"
    *   Context: "Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the <t>chaotic</t> growth of cells that characterizes cancer."
    *   Meaning: In the context of cancer, "chaotic growth of cells" refers to growth that is uncontrolled, disorganized, and lacks the normal regulatory order of healthy tissue.

    *   Sense 1: `chaotic%3:01:00::` - "of or relating to a sensitive dependence on initial conditions" (This is the mathematical/scientific definition of chaos theory).
    *   Sense 2: `chaotic%5:00:00:wild:02` - "completely unordered and unpredictable and confusing" (Synonym: disorderly).
    *   Sense 3: `chaotic%5:00:00:disorganized:00` - "lacking a visible order or organization" (Synonym: helter-skelter).

    *   Sense 1 is too technical (Chaos Theory) and doesn't fit the biological description of cell growth.
    *   Sense 2 ("completely unordered and unpredictable and confusing") describes a state of turmoil or wildness.
    *   Sense 3 ("lacking a visible order or organization") describes a lack of structure or organization.

    *   Cancerous growth is characterized by a lack of organization (disorganized tissue architecture, loss of contact inhibition, etc.).
    *   While "unpredictable" (Sense 2) might apply to the *progression* of cancer, the "growth of cells" itself is primarily described as lacking the normal biological order/organization.
    *   Comparing "disorderly" (Sense 2) vs "lacking a visible order or organization" (Sense 3).
    *   In medical contexts, "chaotic" cell growth usually refers to the loss of structural and regulatory organization.
    *   Let's look at the synonyms: "disorderly" vs "helter-skelter". "Helter-skelter" is a bit informal, but "lacking a visible order or organization" is a very precise description of neoplastic growth.
    *   However, "completely unordered and unpredictable and confusing" (Sense 2) often describes situations (like a chaotic room or a chaotic meeting).
    *   "Lacking a visible order or organization" (Sense 3) fits the physical arrangement of cells in a tumor better.

    *   Sense 2: completely unordered, unpredictable, confusing.
    *   Sense 3: lacking a visible order or organization.
    *   Cancer cell growth is fundamentally a failure of organization and regulation.

    *Self-Correction:* Let's re-evaluate. "Chaotic growth" in cancer often means it doesn't follow the rules (unpredictable/unordered) and it doesn't form proper structures (disorganized).
    Between 2 and 3:
    Sense 2 is more about the *state* of being wild/confusing.
    Sense 3 is more about the *structure* (lacking organization).
    Cell growth in cancer is a structural and regulatory failure. "Disorganized" is a very common descriptor for cancer growth.

    Let's check if "chaotic" in this context leans more towards "unpredictable" or "disorganized".
    "unleash the chaotic growth of cells" -> The growth is not controlled, it's haphazard.
    "Lacking a visible order or organization" (Sense 3) fits "haphazard" and "disorganized" well.

    Wait, let's look at Sense 2 again: "completely unordered and unpredictable and confusing".
    And Sense 3: "lacking a visible order or organization".

    In many WordNet-based datasets, "chaotic" meaning "disorganized" is used for physical arrangements. Cancer growth is a physical arrangement of cells.

    Let's double-check the nuances.
    Sense 2: wild, disorderly.
    Sense 3: disorganized, helter-skelter.

    Actually, "disorderly" (Sense 2) and "disorganized" (Sense 3) are very close. But "lacking a visible order or organization" is a more precise fit for the biological description of how cancer cells grow compared to "confusing".

    Let's re-read: "unleash the chaotic growth of cells".
    This implies the growth is no longer regulated.
    Sense 3: lacking a visible order or organization.
    Sense 2: completely unordered and unpredictable and confusing.

    If I have to choose the *best* one, Sense 3's "lacking a visible order or organization" describes the morphology and the process of cancer growth more accurately than "confusing".

    *Wait*, looking at other examples of "chaotic growth" in medical literature, it often refers to the lack of regulation and the resulting structural disorder.

    Let's compare again:
    2: completely unordered and unpredictable and confusing.
    3: lacking a visible order or organization.

    Actually, "disorderly" (Sense 2) is often used for behavior or crowds. "Disorganized" (Sense 3) is often used for structures. Cell growth results in a structure (a tumor).

    Final check:
    Sense 1: Chaos theory (No)
    Sense 2: Wild/Confusing (Less likely)
    Sense 3: Disorganized/Lacking order (Most likely)


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: growth
Target surface form: growth
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic <t>growth</t> of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=growth%1:17:00:: | definition=something grown or growing | examples=a growth of hair
2. sense_key=growth%1:22:02:: | definition=a process of becoming larger or longer or more numerous or more important | synonyms=increase, increment | examples=the increase in unemployment; the growth of population
3. sense_key=growth%1:11:01:: | definition=the gradual beginning or coming forth | synonyms=emergence, outgrowth | examples=figurines presage the emergence of sculpture in Greece
4. sense_key=growth%1:22:00:: | definition=(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level | synonyms=growing, maturation, development, ontogeny, ontogenesis | examples=he proposed an indicator of osseous development in children
5. sense_key=growth%1:26:00:: | definition=(pathology) an abnormal proliferation of tissue (as in a tumor)
6. sense_key=growth%1:14:00:: | definition=vegetation that has grown | examples=a growth of trees; the only growth was some salt grass
7. sense_key=growth%1:22:01:: | definition=a progression from simpler to more complex forms | examples=the growth of culture

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "growth"
    *   Target surface form: "growth"
    *   Context: "Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic <t>growth</t> of cells that characterizes cancer."
    *   Key phrases: "chaotic growth of cells", "characterizes cancer".

    *   Sense 1: something grown or growing (e.g., growth of hair).
    *   Sense 2: process of becoming larger/more numerous (e.g., increase in unemployment).
    *   Sense 3: gradual beginning or coming forth (e.g., emergence of sculpture).
    *   Sense 4: (biology) process of an individual organism growing organically (e.g., osseous development).
    *   Sense 5: (pathology) an abnormal proliferation of tissue (as in a tumor).
    *   Sense 6: vegetation that has grown (e.g., growth of trees).
    *   Sense 7: progression from simpler to more complex forms (e.g., growth of culture).

    *   The context describes the "chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer."
    *   Cancer is characterized by abnormal cell proliferation.
    *   Sense 5 specifically mentions "(pathology) an abnormal proliferation of tissue (as in a tumor)". This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2 (increase/increment) is too general.
    *   Sense 4 (biological development) refers to normal organic growth/maturation.
    *   Sense 1 (something grown) is too generic.

    *   The context is medical/pathological.
    *   "Chaotic growth of cells" in the context of cancer is the definition of a tumor or abnormal proliferation.
    *   Sense 5 is the most precise match.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cell
Target surface form: cells
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of <t>cells</t> that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cell%1:06:03:: | definition=any small compartment | examples=the cells of a honeycomb
2. sense_key=cell%1:14:00:: | definition=a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement | synonyms=cadre
3. sense_key=cell%1:06:00:: | definition=a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction | synonyms=electric cell
4. sense_key=cell%1:06:04:: | definition=a hand-held mobile radiotelephone for use in an area divided into small sections, each with its own short-range transmitter/receiver | synonyms=cellular telephone, cellular phone, cellphone, mobile phone
5. sense_key=cell%1:03:00:: | definition=(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
6. sense_key=cell%1:06:02:: | definition=small room in which a monk or nun lives | synonyms=cubicle
7. sense_key=cell%1:06:01:: | definition=a room where a prisoner is kept | synonyms=jail cell, prison cell

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `cell`
    *   Target surface form: `cells`
    *   Context: "Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of <t>cells</t> that characterizes cancer."
    *   Key terms in context: "Medical scientists", "genes", "chaotic growth", "cancer".

    *   Sense 1: any small compartment (e.g., honeycomb)
    *   Sense 2: small unit of a political movement (cadre)
    *   Sense 3: device delivering electric current (electric cell)
    *   Sense 4: mobile radiotelephone (cellphone)
    *   Sense 5: (biology) basic structural and functional unit of all organisms
    *   Sense 6: small room for monk/nun
    *   Sense 7: room where a prisoner is kept

    *   The context discusses "Medical scientists", "genes", and "cancer".
    *   Cancer is characterized by the uncontrolled growth of biological cells.
    *   Sense 5 specifically refers to the biological unit of organisms.

    *   Sense 5 is the perfect fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: characterize
Target surface form: characterizes
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that <t>characterizes</t> cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=characterize%2:32:00:: | definition=describe or portray the character or the qualities or peculiarities of | synonyms=qualify, characterise | examples=You can characterize his behavior as that of an egotist; This poem can be characterized as a lament for a dead lover
2. sense_key=characterize%2:42:01:: | definition=be characteristic of | synonyms=characterise | examples=What characterizes a Venetian painting?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `characterize`
    *   Target surface form: `characterizes`
    *   Context: "Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that <t>characterizes</t> cancer."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `characterize%2:32:00::`: describe or portray the character or the qualities or peculiarities of (e.g., "You can characterize his behavior as that of an egotist").
        2.  `characterize%2:42:01::`: be characteristic of (e.g., "What characterizes a Venetian painting?").

    *   The sentence says: "...the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer."
    *   Here, "chaotic growth of cells" is the subject, and "cancer" is the object.
    *   The meaning is: Chaotic growth of cells is a characteristic feature of cancer.
    *   It is not saying that someone is *describing* cancer as chaotic growth, but rather that the growth *is* the defining feature of the disease.

    *   Sense 1: "describe or portray" (active description by an agent).
    *   Sense 2: "be characteristic of" (inherent quality/feature).

    *   "Chaotic growth of cells" *is characteristic of* cancer.
    *   This matches Sense 2 perfectly.

    *   Sense 1: "You can characterize his behavior as..." (Agent describes X as Y).
    *   Sense 2: "What characterizes a Venetian painting?" (What feature is characteristic of X?).
    *   Context: "...growth of cells that characterizes cancer." (What feature is characteristic of cancer?).

    *   Sense 2 is the correct fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cancer
Target surface form: cancer
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes <t>cancer</t>. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cancer%1:05:00:: | definition=type genus of the family Cancridae | synonyms=genus Cancer
2. sense_key=cancer%1:17:00:: | definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
3. sense_key=cancer%1:15:00:: | definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22 | synonyms=Cancer the Crab, Crab
4. sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: | definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream | synonyms=malignant neoplastic disease
5. sense_key=cancer%1:18:00:: | definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer | synonyms=Crab

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "cancer"
    *   Context: "Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes <t>cancer</t>. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  Genus of the family Cancridae (crabs).
        2.  Zodiacal constellation.
        3.  Fourth sign of the zodiac.
        4.  Malignant growth/tumor caused by abnormal cell division.
        5.  Person born under the sign of Cancer.

    *   The context mentions "Medical scientists", "genes", "chaotic growth of cells", and "how cancer develops".
    *   This clearly refers to the medical condition involving uncontrolled cell growth.

    *   Sense 1: Biological genus (crabs) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 2: Constellation - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 3: Zodiac sign - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 4: Malignant growth/tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division - Correct.
    *   Sense 5: Person born under Cancer - Incorrect.

    *   The best sense is index 4.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: say
Target surface form: say
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists <t>say</t> the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops. An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to produce an array of new strategies for future cancer treatment and prevention.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=say%2:32:09:: | definition=indicate | examples=The clock says noon
2. sense_key=say%2:32:02:: | definition=speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way | synonyms=pronounce, articulate, enounce, sound out, enunciate | examples=She pronounces French words in a funny way; I cannot say `zip wire'
3. sense_key=say%2:32:04:: | definition=give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority | synonyms=order, tell, enjoin | examples=I said to him to go home; She ordered him to do the shopping
4. sense_key=say%2:32:13:: | definition=state as one's opinion or judgement; declare | examples=I say let's forget this whole business
5. sense_key=say%2:32:03:: | definition=express a supposition | synonyms=suppose | examples=Let us say that he did not tell the truth; Let's say you had a lot of money--what would you do?
6. sense_key=say%2:32:08:: | definition=recite or repeat a fixed text | examples=Say grace; She said her `Hail Mary'
7. sense_key=say%2:32:07:: | definition=communicate or express nonverbally | examples=What does this painting say?; Did his face say anything about how he felt?
8. sense_key=say%2:32:00:: | definition=express in words | synonyms=state, tell | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you
9. sense_key=say%2:42:00:: | definition=have or contain a certain wording or form | synonyms=read | examples=The passage reads as follows; What does the law say?
10. sense_key=say%2:32:01:: | definition=report or maintain | synonyms=allege, aver | examples=He alleged that he was the victim of a crime; He said it was too late to intervene in the war
11. sense_key=say%2:32:15:: | definition=utter aloud | examples=She said `Hello' to everyone in the office

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 10}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 10}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `say`
    *   Target surface form: `say`
    *   Context: "Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes... Scientists <t>say</t> the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops."

    *   1: indicate (e.g., clock says noon) - No.
    *   2: speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way (e.g., pronounce French words) - No.
    *   3: give instructions/direct (e.g., I said to him to go home) - No.
    *   4: state as one's opinion or judgement; declare (e.g., I say let's forget this) - Possible, but usually more about a proposal or a strong personal opinion.
    *   5: express a supposition (e.g., Let us say that...) - No.
    *   6: recite or repeat a fixed text (e.g., Say grace) - No.
    *   7: communicate or express nonverbally (e.g., What does this painting say?) - No.
    *   8: express in words (e.g., He said that he wanted to marry her) - Very general.
    *   9: have or contain a certain wording or form (e.g., What does the law say?) - No.
    *   10: report or maintain (e.g., He alleged that...; He said it was too late to intervene) - This fits well for scientists reporting findings or maintaining a scientific position.
    *   11: utter aloud (e.g., She said 'Hello') - No.

    *   Sense 8: "express in words" (state, tell).
    *   Sense 10: "report or maintain" (allege, aver).

    In the context "Scientists say the discovery... is painting a new and startling picture", the scientists are reporting their findings or maintaining a scientific conclusion based on evidence.

    Let's look at the examples for Sense 10: "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime; He said it was too late to intervene in the war."
    Let's look at the examples for Sense 8: "He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you."

    Sense 10 is often used for reporting information, claims, or assertions, especially in a formal or journalistic context (like "Scientists say..."). Sense 8 is more general communication.

    Wait, let's re-evaluate Sense 10 vs Sense 8.
    Sense 10: "report or maintain" (synonyms: allege, aver).
    Sense 8: "express in words" (synonyms: state, tell).

    In journalistic writing, "Scientists say" usually means they are reporting a finding or asserting a conclusion. "Report or maintain" (Sense 10) fits this better than the generic "express in words" (Sense 8).

    Let's double-check Sense 4: "state as one's opinion or judgement; declare". This is also close, but "report or maintain" (10) is more typical for scientific claims.

    Comparing Sense 8 and Sense 10 again:
    Sense 8 is the most basic meaning of "say".
    Sense 10 is more specific to reporting a claim or a fact.

    Example for Sense 10: "He said it was too late to intervene in the war." (This is a claim/assertion about a situation).
    Context: "Scientists say the discovery... is painting a new and startling picture..." (This is a claim/assertion about a scientific situation).

    Sense 10 seems the most precise for this context.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: discovery
Target surface form: discovery
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the <t>discovery</t> of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops. An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to produce an array of new strategies for future cancer treatment and prevention.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=discovery%1:10:01:: | definition=(law) compulsory pretrial disclosure of documents relevant to a case; enables one side in a litigation to elicit information from the other side concerning the facts in the case
2. sense_key=discovery%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of discovering something | synonyms=find, uncovering
3. sense_key=discovery%1:09:00:: | definition=a productive insight | synonyms=breakthrough, find
4. sense_key=discovery%1:10:00:: | definition=something that is discovered

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `discovery`
    *   Target surface form: `discovery`
    *   Context: "Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes... Scientists say the <t>discovery</t> of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  (law) compulsory pretrial disclosure...
        2.  the act of discovering something (synonyms: find, uncovering)
        3.  a productive insight (synonyms: breakthrough, find)
        4.  something that is discovered

    *   The sentence says "the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture".
    *   It refers to the *process* or *event* of finding the genes ("uncover a handful of genes").
    *   Sense 1 (law) is irrelevant.
    *   Sense 2 (the act of discovering) fits well.
    *   Sense 3 (a productive insight/breakthrough) also fits, as finding these genes is a breakthrough.
    *   Sense 4 (something that is discovered) refers to the *thing* found (the genes themselves). However, the sentence says "the discovery *of* these genes", which points to the act or the event of finding them, rather than the genes being the discovery (though they are).

    *   Sense 2: "the act of discovering something" (synonyms: find, uncovering). The previous sentence uses "uncover".
    *   Sense 3: "a productive insight" (synonyms: breakthrough, find).
    *   Sense 4: "something that is discovered".

    Let's look at the phrasing: "the discovery of these genes... is painting a new and startling picture".
    Is it the *act* of finding them (Sense 2) or the *fact* that they were found/the breakthrough itself (Sense 3)?
    Usually, "the discovery of [X]" refers to the act or the event.
    Comparing Sense 2 and Sense 3:
    Sense 2: "the act of discovering something"
    Sense 3: "a productive insight" (breakthrough)

    In scientific contexts, "the discovery of [X]" often refers to the breakthrough (Sense 3). However, Sense 2 is the more general "act of discovering".
    Wait, let's look at the synonyms for Sense 2: "find, uncovering". The text says "starting to uncover".
    Let's look at Sense 3: "breakthrough, find".

    If the sentence was "The discovery was a breakthrough", it would be Sense 3 or 4.
    "The discovery of these genes" -> The act of finding them.

    Let's re-evaluate Sense 4: "something that is discovered". If "discovery" = "the genes", then "the discovery of these genes" would be redundant ("the genes of these genes"). So Sense 4 is out.

    Between Sense 2 (act) and Sense 3 (insight/breakthrough):
    "the discovery of these genes... is painting a new and startling picture".
    The *fact* that they were discovered (the breakthrough) is what's painting the picture.
    However, "the act of discovering" (Sense 2) is the most direct meaning of "discovery of [something]".

    Let's check WordNet's typical usage:
    Sense 2: `discovery%1:04:00` (the act of discovering something)
    Sense 3: `discovery%1:09:00` (a productive insight)

    In many corpora, "the discovery of [X]" where X is a scientific finding is mapped to the act of discovering (Sense 2).

    Let's double-check Sense 3 again: "a productive insight". This is more like "He had a discovery" or "This discovery changed everything".
    "The discovery of these genes" describes the event/act.

    Wait, let's look at the synonyms for Sense 2: "find, uncovering".
    The context says "starting to uncover... the discovery of these genes". This strongly links to Sense 2.

    Sense 2: act of discovering.
    Sense 3: productive insight/breakthrough.
    Sense 4: the thing discovered.

    "The discovery of these genes" -> The act/event of finding them.
    If it were Sense 3, it would be "This discovery is painting a new picture".
    If it were Sense 4, it would be "The discovery (the gene) is painting a new picture".

    Actually, "the discovery of these genes" often refers to the *result* (the breakthrough). But "the act of discovering" is the most fundamental meaning here.

    Let's re-read: "Medical scientists are starting to uncover... the discovery of these genes... is painting a new... picture".
    The "uncovering" (act) leads to the "discovery" (act/event).

    Let's compare Sense 2 and 3 again.
    Sense 2: `discovery%1:04:00` (the act of discovering something)
    Sense 3: `discovery%1:09:00` (a productive insight)

    In the context of "the discovery of [X]", it's almost always the act/event (Sense 2).

    Sense 2: act of discovering.
    Sense 3: breakthrough.
    Sense 4: the thing discovered.

    If I say "The discovery of penicillin saved millions", is it the *act* of discovering it or the *fact* that it was discovered (the breakthrough)? Usually, it's the act/event.

    Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 2: "find, uncovering".
    The text uses "uncover". This is a very strong hint.

    Sense 2: `discovery%1:04:00`
    Sense 3: `discovery%1:09:00`
    Sense 4: `discovery%1:10:00`

    Wait, let me look at Sense 4 again: "something that is discovered".
    If "discovery" = "the genes", then "the discovery of these genes" is "the [genes] of these genes". That doesn't work.
    If "discovery" = "the finding", then "the finding of these genes" works.

    Is "the discovery of these genes" a "productive insight" (Sense 3)?
    The discovery *itself* (the event) provides the insight.

    Let's go with Sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: recent
Target surface form: recent
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in <t>recent</t> months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops. An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to produce an array of new strategies for future cancer treatment and prevention.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=recent%5:00:00:new:00 | definition=new | examples=recent graduates; a recent addition to the house
2. sense_key=recent%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=of the immediate past or just previous to the present time | synonyms=late | examples=a late development; their late quarrel

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `recent`
    *   Target surface form: `recent`
    *   Context: "Scientists say the discovery of these genes in <t>recent</t> months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `recent%5:00:00:new:00`: definition=new (e.g., recent graduates, recent addition)
        2.  `recent%5:00:00:past:00`: definition=of the immediate past or just previous to the present time (e.g., a late development, their late quarrel)

    *   The phrase is "recent months".
    *   "Recent months" refers to the time period immediately preceding the present.
    *   Sense 1 ("new") usually refers to things that have just come into existence or a new status (like a graduate).
    *   Sense 2 ("of the immediate past or just previous to the present time") specifically describes time periods or events that happened shortly before now.

    *   "Recent months" fits perfectly with "of the immediate past or just previous to the present time".
    *   Comparing "new months" vs "months of the immediate past", the latter is the intended meaning.

    *   Sense 1: new (e.g., recent graduates) - Not quite right for a time period like "months".
    *   Sense 2: of the immediate past (e.g., late development) - Fits "recent months" perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: month
Target surface form: months
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent <t>months</t> is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops. An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to produce an array of new strategies for future cancer treatment and prevention.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=month%1:28:00:: | definition=a time unit of approximately 30 days | examples=he was given a month to pay the bill
2. sense_key=month%1:28:01:: | definition=one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year | synonyms=calendar month | examples=he paid the bill last month

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `month`
    *   Target surface form: `months`
    *   Context: "Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent <t>months</t> is painting a new and startling picture..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `month%1:28:00::`: a time unit of approximately 30 days.
        2.  `month%1:28:01::`: one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year (synonym: calendar month).

    *   The phrase is "in recent months".
    *   "Recent months" typically refers to a duration of time (a few units of ~30 days) rather than specific named months on a calendar (like January, February).
    *   Sense 1 refers to the unit of time (approx 30 days).
    *   Sense 2 refers to the calendar division (January, February, etc.).

    *   When someone says "in recent months", they are usually referring to the general passage of time measured in units of months, not specifically to the calendar divisions themselves.
    *   Example for Sense 1: "he was given a month to pay the bill" (duration).
    *   Example for Sense 2: "he paid the bill last month" (specific calendar division).
    *   "Recent months" functions more like "a few months ago" or "over the last few months", emphasizing the duration/unit of time.

    *   Sense 1: Unit of time (~30 days).
    *   Sense 2: Calendar division.
    *   "Recent months" describes a period of time. This aligns better with the general unit of time (Sense 1) than the specific calendar divisions (Sense 2), although the distinction is subtle. However, in linguistic disambiguation for WordNet, "recent months" usually maps to the time unit rather than the calendar month.

    *   Wait, let's re-evaluate. "Last month" (Sense 2) vs "a month" (Sense 1).
    *   "Recent months" is plural. It refers to the last few months.
    *   If I say "I've been tired for three months", that's Sense 1 (duration).
    *   If I say "I'll see you in March", that's Sense 2 (calendar).
    *   "In recent months" is similar to "for the past few months". This is a measure of duration.

    *   Sense 1: a time unit of approximately 30 days.
    *   Sense 2: one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year.
    *   "Recent months" refers to the units of time that have passed recently.

    *   Sense 1 is the general unit.
    *   Sense 2 is the specific calendar division.
    *   "Recent months" refers to the duration of time.

    *   Sense 1: `month%1:28:00`
    *   Sense 2: `month%1:28:01`
    *   Context: "recent months" -> duration/unit.

    *   Sense 1: "a time unit of approximately 30 days"
    *   Sense 2: "one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year"
    *   "Recent months" = the last few units of ~30 days.

    *   Sense 1 is the most appropriate.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: new
Target surface form: new
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a <t>new</t> and startling picture of how cancer develops. An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to produce an array of new strategies for future cancer treatment and prevention.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=new%5:00:02:original:00 | definition=(of a new kind or fashion) gratuitously new | synonyms=newfangled | examples=newfangled ideas; she buys all these new-fangled machines and never uses them
2. sense_key=new%3:00:00:: | definition=not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered | examples=a new law; new cars
3. sense_key=new%5:00:00:unprecedented:00 | definition=having no previous example or precedent or parallel | synonyms=unexampled | examples=a time of unexampled prosperity
4. sense_key=new%5:00:00:other:00 | definition=other than the former one(s); different | examples=they now have a new leaders; my new car is four years old but has only 15,000 miles on it
5. sense_key=new%5:00:00:early:02 | definition=(of crops) harvested at an early stage of development; before complete maturity | synonyms=young | examples=new potatoes; young corn
6. sense_key=new%5:00:00:original:00 | definition=original and of a kind not seen before | synonyms=fresh, novel | examples=the computer produced a completely novel proof of a well-known theorem
7. sense_key=new%5:00:01:late:01 | definition=used of a living language; being the current stage in its development | synonyms=Modern | examples=Modern English; New Hebrew is Israeli Hebrew
8. sense_key=new%5:00:00:unaccustomed:00 | definition=unfamiliar | examples=new experiences; experiences new to him
9. sense_key=new%5:00:00:inexperienced:00 | definition=lacking training or experience | synonyms=raw | examples=the new men were eager to fight; raw recruits
10. sense_key=new%5:00:02:late:01 | definition=in use after medieval times | examples=New Eqyptian was the language of the 18th to 21st dynasties
11. sense_key=new%3:00:09:: | definition=unaffected by use or exposure | examples=it looks like new

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 6}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 6}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `new`
    *   Target surface form: `new`
    *   Context: "Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a <t>new</t> and startling picture of how cancer develops. An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to produce an array of new strategies for future cancer treatment and prevention."

    *   The sentence is: "...the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a <t>new</t> and startling picture of how cancer develops."
    *   The "picture" refers to the scientific understanding or conceptual model of how cancer develops.
    *   The discovery of genes has changed this understanding.
    *   "New" here means that the understanding is different from the previous one, or it's a novel perspective that hasn't been seen before.

    *   Sense 1: `newfangled` (gratuitously new) - No, not gratuitous.
    *   Sense 2: `not of long duration; having just come into being...` - This is a general sense of "recent."
    *   Sense 3: `unprecedented` (no previous example) - This is stronger than just "different."
    *   Sense 4: `other than the former one(s); different` - This fits well (a different picture than the one previously held).
    *   Sense 5: `(of crops) harvested at an early stage` - No.
    *   Sense 6: `original and of a kind not seen before` (synonyms: fresh, novel) - This also fits well. A "novel picture" or "fresh perspective."
    *   Sense 7: `Modern` (language) - No.
    *   Sense 8: `unfamiliar` - No.
    *   Sense 9: `inexperienced` - No.
    *   Sense 10: `in use after medieval times` - No.
    *   Sense 11: `unaffected by use` - No.

    *   Sense 4: "other than the former one(s); different"
    *   Sense 6: "original and of a kind not seen before" (synonyms: fresh, novel)

    Looking at the context: "painting a new and startling picture".
    "Startling" suggests that this new picture is surprising because it differs significantly from the previous understanding.
    Sense 6 (novel/original) often refers to something that is a breakthrough or a new way of thinking.
    Sense 4 (different from the former) is a more general replacement.

    Let's re-examine Sense 6: "original and of a kind not seen before".
    Let's re-examine Sense 4: "other than the former one(s); different".

    In scientific contexts, when a discovery changes the "picture" (the conceptual model), it's often described as a "novel" or "new" understanding.
    Example for Sense 6: "the computer produced a completely novel proof of a well-known theorem". This is very similar to a "new picture of how cancer develops."

    Example for Sense 4: "they now have a new leader; my new car is four years old". This is more about replacement.

    Comparing "a new picture" (meaning a new understanding) with the senses:
    Sense 6 (novel/original) fits the "breakthrough" nature of scientific discovery better than Sense 4 (replacement).

    Wait, let's look at Sense 2: "not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered".
    The context says "the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new... picture". This emphasizes the recency.

    However, "painting a new picture" is an idiom meaning to provide a new perspective or understanding.
    If I say "this evidence paints a new picture," I mean the understanding has changed (Sense 4 or 6).

    Let's look at Sense 6 again: "original and of a kind not seen before".
    Let's look at Sense 4 again: "other than the former one(s); different".

    If the "picture" is the conceptual model, the new model is *different* from the old model (Sense 4) and it is *novel* (Sense 6).

    Usually, in these WSD tasks:
    - "New car" (replacement) -> Sense 4.
    - "New idea/approach/proof" (novel) -> Sense 6.
    - "New law/discovery" (recent) -> Sense 2.

    "A new picture of how cancer develops" is more like a "new idea" or "new understanding" than a "new car."

    Let's double-check Sense 6: "original and of a kind not seen before | synonyms=fresh, novel | examples=the computer produced a completely novel proof of a well-known theorem".
    This matches "a new and startling picture of how cancer develops" very well.

    Let's double-check Sense 4: "other than the former one(s); different | examples=they now have a new leaders; my new car is four years old".
    This is more about replacement of a specific entity.

    Let's double-check Sense 2: "not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered | examples=a new law; new cars".
    While the discovery was recent, the "picture" itself is a conceptualization.

    Sense 6 seems the most precise for a "new picture" in a scientific context.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cancer
Target surface form: cancer
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how <t>cancer</t> develops. An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to produce an array of new strategies for future cancer treatment and prevention.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cancer%1:18:00:: | definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer | synonyms=Crab
2. sense_key=cancer%1:17:00:: | definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
3. sense_key=cancer%1:05:00:: | definition=type genus of the family Cancridae | synonyms=genus Cancer
4. sense_key=cancer%1:15:00:: | definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22 | synonyms=Cancer the Crab, Crab
5. sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: | definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream | synonyms=malignant neoplastic disease

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `cancer`
    *   Target surface form: `cancer`
    *   Context: "Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how <t>cancer</t> develops. An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to produce an array of new strategies for future cancer treatment and prevention."

    *   Sense 1: (astrology) a person born while the sun is in Cancer.
    *   Sense 2: a small zodiacal constellation.
    *   Sense 3: type genus of the family Cancridae.
    *   Sense 4: the fourth sign of the zodiac.
    *   Sense 5: any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division.

    *   The context mentions "Medical scientists", "genes", "chaotic growth of cells", "treatment and prevention".
    *   This clearly refers to the medical condition involving malignant growth.

    *   Sense 5 matches the medical definition: "any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: develop
Target surface form: develops
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer <t>develops</t>. An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to produce an array of new strategies for future cancer treatment and prevention.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=develop%2:35:04:: | definition=superimpose a three-dimensional surface on a plane without stretching, in geometry
2. sense_key=develop%2:32:00:: | definition=elaborate, as of theories and hypotheses | synonyms=explicate, formulate | examples=Could you develop the ideas in your thesis
3. sense_key=develop%2:30:10:: | definition=grow emotionally or mature | synonyms=grow | examples=The child developed beautifully in her new kindergarten; When he spent a summer at camp, the boy grew noticeably and no longer showed some of his old adolescent behavior
4. sense_key=develop%2:30:13:: | definition=elaborate by the unfolding of a musical idea and by the working out of the rhythmic and harmonic changes in the theme | examples=develop the melody and change the key
5. sense_key=develop%2:36:00:: | definition=work out | synonyms=evolve, germinate | examples=We have developed a new theory of evolution
6. sense_key=develop%2:30:05:: | definition=be gradually disclosed or unfolded; become manifest | examples=The plot developed slowly
7. sense_key=develop%2:30:04:: | definition=change the use of and make available or usable | synonyms=build up | examples=develop land; The country developed its natural resources
8. sense_key=develop%2:29:00:: | definition=come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes) | synonyms=grow, produce, get, acquire | examples=He grew a beard; The patient developed abdominal pains
9. sense_key=develop%2:36:01:: | definition=make something new, such as a product or a mental or artistic creation | examples=Her company developed a new kind of building material that withstands all kinds of weather; They developed a new technique
10. sense_key=develop%2:30:03:: | definition=happen | synonyms=break, recrudesce | examples=Report the news as it develops; These political movements recrudesce from time to time
11. sense_key=develop%2:33:02:: | definition=move into a strategically more advantageous position | examples=develop the rook
12. sense_key=develop%2:30:01:: | definition=cause to grow and differentiate in ways conforming to its natural development | synonyms=make grow | examples=The perfect climate here develops the grain; He developed a new kind of apple
13. sense_key=develop%2:31:00:: | definition=create by training and teaching | synonyms=train, prepare, educate | examples=The old master is training world-class violinists; we develop the leaders for the future
14. sense_key=develop%2:42:00:: | definition=come into existence; take on form or shape | synonyms=originate, arise, rise, uprise, spring up, grow | examples=A new religious movement originated in that country; a love that sprang up from friendship
15. sense_key=develop%2:30:00:: | definition=grow, progress, unfold, or evolve through a process of evolution, natural growth, differentiation, or a conducive environment | examples=A flower developed on the branch; The country developed into a mighty superpower
16. sense_key=develop%2:30:12:: | definition=expand in the form of a series | examples=Develop the function in the following form
17. sense_key=develop%2:33:03:: | definition=move one's pieces into strategically more advantageous positions | examples=Spassky developed quickly
18. sense_key=develop%2:39:00:: | definition=make visible by means of chemical solutions | examples=Please develop this roll of film for me
19. sense_key=develop%2:36:09:: | definition=generate gradually | examples=We must develop more potential customers; develop a market for the new mobile phone
20. sense_key=develop%2:30:06:: | definition=gain through experience | synonyms=acquire, evolve | examples=I acquired a strong aversion to television; Children must develop a sense of right and wrong
21. sense_key=develop%2:30:09:: | definition=become technologically advanced | synonyms=modernize, modernise | examples=Many countries in Asia are now developing at a very fast pace; Viet Nam is modernizing rapidly

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 15}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 15}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target word: "develops" (lemma: "develop")
    *   Context: "Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer <t>develops</t>."
    *   Meaning: The sentence is talking about the process by which cancer forms and progresses in the body.

    *   1: Geometry (superimpose surface) - No.
    *   2: Elaborate theories/hypotheses - No.
    *   3: Grow emotionally/mature - No.
    *   4: Musical idea - No.
    *   5: Work out (theory) - No.
    *   6: Be gradually disclosed/unfolded (plot) - No.
    *   7: Change use of land/resources - No.
    *   8: Come to have or undergo a change of (physical features/attributes) - Example: "The patient developed abdominal pains". This is close, as it refers to acquiring a condition.
    *   9: Make something new (product) - No.
    *   10: Happen (news/political movements) - No.
    *   11: Chess (rook) - No.
    *   12: Cause to grow (grain/apple) - No.
    *   13: Create by training/teaching - No.
    *   14: Come into existence; take on form or shape (religious movement/love) - No.
    *   15: Grow, progress, unfold, or evolve through a process of evolution, natural growth, differentiation, or a conducive environment - Example: "A flower developed on the branch". This describes a biological process of growth and progression.
    *   16: Expand in a series (math) - No.
    *   17: Chess (pieces) - No.
    *   18: Chemical solutions (film) - No.
    *   19: Generate gradually (customers/market) - No.
    *   20: Gain through experience (sense of right and wrong) - No.
    *   21: Become technologically advanced - No.

    *   Sense 8: "come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes)" - Example: "The patient developed abdominal pains". This is often used for symptoms or the onset of a disease.
    *   Sense 15: "grow, progress, unfold, or evolve through a process of evolution, natural growth, differentiation, or a conducive environment". This describes the *process* of how something (like cancer) grows and progresses over time.

    *   The context says: "...painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops."
    *   It's not just saying "the patient developed cancer" (which would be sense 8), but rather "how cancer develops" (the mechanism/process of growth and progression).
    *   Sense 15 specifically mentions "natural growth, differentiation, or a conducive environment," which fits the "chaotic growth of cells" mentioned in the previous sentence.

    *   Sense 8 is more about the *acquisition* of a condition.
    *   Sense 15 is more about the *process* of growth and evolution.
    *   The sentence "how cancer develops" refers to the biological process of progression.

    *   Wait, let me re-read Sense 8: "come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes)".
    *   Let me re-read Sense 15: "grow, progress, unfold, or evolve through a process of evolution, natural growth, differentiation, or a conducive environment".
    *   Cancer is a process of uncontrolled cell growth. "How cancer develops" describes this process. Sense 15 fits the "growth, progress, unfold, or evolve" aspect perfectly.

    *   Sense 15: "grow, progress, unfold, or evolve through a process of evolution, natural growth, differentiation, or a conducive environment".
    *   Context: "...unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer... how cancer develops."
    *   This is a strong match.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: understanding
Target surface form: understanding
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops. An emerging <t>understanding</t> of the genes is expected to produce an array of new strategies for future cancer treatment and prevention. That is for the future.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=understanding%1:10:00:: | definition=the statement (oral or written) of an exchange of promises | synonyms=agreement | examples=they had an agreement that they would not interfere in each other's business; there was an understanding between management and the workers
2. sense_key=understanding%1:09:03:: | definition=an inclination to support or be loyal to or to agree with an opinion | synonyms=sympathy | examples=his sympathies were always with the underdog; I knew I could count on his understanding
3. sense_key=understanding%1:09:01:: | definition=the cognitive condition of someone who understands | synonyms=apprehension, discernment, savvy | examples=he has virtually no understanding of social cause and effect
4. sense_key=understanding%1:09:00:: | definition=the capacity for rational thought or inference or discrimination | synonyms=reason, intellect | examples=we are told that man is endowed with reason and capable of distinguishing good from evil

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `understanding`
    *   Target surface form: `understanding`
    *   Context: "An emerging <t>understanding</t> of the genes is expected to produce an array of new strategies for future cancer treatment and prevention."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `understanding%1:10:00::`: agreement (statement of exchange of promises).
        2.  `understanding%1:09:03::`: sympathy (inclination to support/be loyal).
        3.  `understanding%1:09:01::`: cognitive condition of someone who understands (apprehension, discernment, savvy).
        4.  `understanding%1:09:00::`: capacity for rational thought (reason, intellect).

    *   The sentence discusses medical scientists uncovering genes and how this "emerging understanding of the genes" will lead to new treatments.
    *   In this context, "understanding" refers to the knowledge, comprehension, or grasp of how the genes work.

    *   Sense 1 (Agreement): Incorrect. This is not a contract or a mutual agreement.
    *   Sense 2 (Sympathy): Incorrect. This is not about emotional support.
    *   Sense 3 (Cognitive condition/apprehension): Correct. This refers to the state of having knowledge or comprehension of a subject (the genes).
    *   Sense 4 (Capacity for rational thought): Incorrect. This refers to the general human ability to reason, not the specific knowledge of a scientific topic.

    *   Sense 3 fits best as it describes the state of comprehending the genes.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: expect
Target surface form: expected
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops. An emerging understanding of the genes is <t>expected</t> to produce an array of new strategies for future cancer treatment and prevention. That is for the future.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=expect%2:29:00:: | definition=be pregnant with | synonyms=have a bun in the oven, bear, carry, gestate | examples=She is bearing his child; The are expecting another child in January
2. sense_key=expect%2:29:02:: | definition=look forward to the birth of a child | examples=She is expecting in March
3. sense_key=expect%2:32:00:: | definition=consider obligatory; request and expect | synonyms=ask, require | examples=We require our secretary to be on time; Aren't we asking too much of these children?
4. sense_key=expect%2:31:00:: | definition=regard something as probable or likely | synonyms=anticipate | examples=The meteorologists are expecting rain for tomorrow
5. sense_key=expect%2:31:05:: | definition=consider reasonable or due | examples=I'm expecting a full explanation as to why these files were destroyed
6. sense_key=expect%2:31:01:: | definition=look forward to the probable occurrence of | synonyms=look, await, wait | examples=We were expecting a visit from our relatives; She is looking to a promotion

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `expect`
    *   Target surface form: `expected`
    *   Context: "An emerging understanding of the genes is <t>expected</t> to produce an array of new strategies for future cancer treatment and prevention."

    *   Sense 1: be pregnant with (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 2: look forward to the birth of a child (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 3: consider obligatory; request and expect (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 4: regard something as probable or likely (Fits: "is expected to produce" means it is regarded as probable that it will produce)
    *   Sense 5: consider reasonable or due (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 6: look forward to the probable occurrence of (This is more about anticipation/waiting for something specific to happen, whereas Sense 4 is about probability/likelihood).

    *   "An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to produce..."
    *   This means it is *likely* or *probable* that the understanding will lead to new strategies.
    *   Sense 4: "regard something as probable or likely".
    *   Sense 6: "look forward to the probable occurrence of".
    *   Comparing 4 and 6: Sense 4 is a general belief about probability. Sense 6 implies a state of waiting or anticipation (e.g., "expecting a visit"). The sentence is a scientific prediction, not a state of waiting.

    *   Sense 4 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: produce
Target surface form: produce
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops. An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to <t>produce</t> an array of new strategies for future cancer treatment and prevention. That is for the future.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=produce%2:39:00:: | definition=bring onto the market or release | synonyms=bring on, bring out | examples=produce a movie; bring out a book
2. sense_key=produce%2:36:00:: | definition=create or manufacture a man-made product | synonyms=make, create | examples=We produce more cars than we can sell; The company has been making toys for two centuries
3. sense_key=produce%2:39:01:: | definition=bring out for display | synonyms=bring forth | examples=The proud father produced many pictures of his baby; The accused brought forth a letter in court that he claims exonerates him
4. sense_key=produce%2:36:02:: | definition=bring forth or yield | synonyms=bring forth | examples=The tree would not produce fruit
5. sense_key=produce%2:36:03:: | definition=cause to happen, occur or exist | synonyms=bring about, give rise | examples=This procedure produces a curious effect; The new law gave rise to many complaints
6. sense_key=produce%2:29:00:: | definition=come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes) | synonyms=grow, develop, get, acquire | examples=He grew a beard; The patient developed abdominal pains
7. sense_key=produce%2:36:05:: | definition=cultivate by growing, often involving improvements by means of agricultural techniques | synonyms=grow, raise, farm | examples=The Bordeaux region produces great red wines; They produce good ham in Parma

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `produce`
    *   Target surface form: `produce`
    *   Context: "An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to <t>produce</t> an array of new strategies for future cancer treatment and prevention."

    *   Sense 1: bring onto the market or release (e.g., produce a movie).
    *   Sense 2: create or manufacture a man-made product (e.g., produce cars).
    *   Sense 3: bring out for display (e.g., produce pictures of his baby).
    *   Sense 4: bring forth or yield (e.g., tree produce fruit).
    *   Sense 5: cause to happen, occur or exist (e.g., procedure produces a curious effect).
    *   Sense 6: come to have or undergo a change of (e.g., grew a beard).
    *   Sense 7: cultivate by growing (e.g., region produces wines).

    *   The sentence says "An emerging understanding... is expected to produce an array of new strategies..."
    *   Here, "produce" means that the understanding will *lead to* or *cause* the creation/existence of new strategies.
    *   It's not about manufacturing a physical product (Sense 2), bringing something to market (Sense 1), displaying something (Sense 3), biological yielding (Sense 4), physical growth (Sense 6), or agriculture (Sense 7).
    *   It fits best with "cause to happen, occur or exist" (Sense 5).

    *   Sense 5: "cause to happen, occur or exist" | synonyms: "bring about, give rise" | examples: "This procedure produces a curious effect".
    *   Applying this to the context: "An emerging understanding... is expected to [bring about/give rise to] an array of new strategies..." This fits perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: array
Target surface form: array
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops. An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to produce an <t>array</t> of new strategies for future cancer treatment and prevention. That is for the future.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=array%1:06:01:: | definition=especially fine or decorative clothing | synonyms=raiment, regalia
2. sense_key=array%1:10:00:: | definition=an impressive display | examples=it was a bewildering array of books; his tools were in an orderly array on the basement wall
3. sense_key=array%1:06:00:: | definition=an arrangement of aerials spaced to give desired directional characteristics
4. sense_key=array%1:14:00:: | definition=an orderly arrangement | examples=an array of troops in battle order

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `array`
    *   Target surface form: `array`
    *   Context: "An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to produce an <t>array</t> of new strategies for future cancer treatment and prevention."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `array%1:06:01::`: fine or decorative clothing (raiment, regalia).
        2.  `array%1:10:00::`: an impressive display (e.g., bewildering array of books).
        3.  `array%1:06:00::`: arrangement of aerials.
        4.  `array%1:14:00::`: an orderly arrangement (e.g., troops in battle order).

    *   The sentence says "an array of new strategies".
    *   This means a wide variety or a large number of different strategies.
    *   Sense 1 (clothing) is irrelevant.
    *   Sense 3 (aerials) is irrelevant.
    *   Sense 4 (orderly arrangement, like troops) implies a physical or structural order.
    *   Sense 2 (impressive display, e.g., "bewildering array of books") is often used metaphorically to mean a large, diverse group or collection of things.

    *   "An array of new strategies" fits the usage of "an impressive display" or a "wide variety" (Sense 2).
    *   Comparing Sense 2 and Sense 4: Sense 4 is more about the *order* (like a formation), whereas Sense 2 is more about the *extent/variety* (like a collection of books). "Strategies" are not physically arranged in a line or formation; they are a collection of options.

    *   Sense 2: "an impressive display" (Example: "bewildering array of books"). This matches the usage of "array of [plural noun]" meaning a large variety.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: new
Target surface form: new
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops. An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to produce an array of <t>new</t> strategies for future cancer treatment and prevention. That is for the future.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=new%5:00:00:early:02 | definition=(of crops) harvested at an early stage of development; before complete maturity | synonyms=young | examples=new potatoes; young corn
2. sense_key=new%3:00:00:: | definition=not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered | examples=a new law; new cars
3. sense_key=new%5:00:00:inexperienced:00 | definition=lacking training or experience | synonyms=raw | examples=the new men were eager to fight; raw recruits
4. sense_key=new%5:00:00:unprecedented:00 | definition=having no previous example or precedent or parallel | synonyms=unexampled | examples=a time of unexampled prosperity
5. sense_key=new%5:00:00:unaccustomed:00 | definition=unfamiliar | examples=new experiences; experiences new to him
6. sense_key=new%5:00:02:original:00 | definition=(of a new kind or fashion) gratuitously new | synonyms=newfangled | examples=newfangled ideas; she buys all these new-fangled machines and never uses them
7. sense_key=new%5:00:00:other:00 | definition=other than the former one(s); different | examples=they now have a new leaders; my new car is four years old but has only 15,000 miles on it
8. sense_key=new%5:00:01:late:01 | definition=used of a living language; being the current stage in its development | synonyms=Modern | examples=Modern English; New Hebrew is Israeli Hebrew
9. sense_key=new%5:00:02:late:01 | definition=in use after medieval times | examples=New Eqyptian was the language of the 18th to 21st dynasties
10. sense_key=new%3:00:09:: | definition=unaffected by use or exposure | examples=it looks like new
11. sense_key=new%5:00:00:original:00 | definition=original and of a kind not seen before | synonyms=fresh, novel | examples=the computer produced a completely novel proof of a well-known theorem

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 11}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 11}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `new`
    *   Target surface form: `new`
    *   Context: "An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to produce an array of <t>new</t> strategies for future cancer treatment and prevention."

    *   Sense 1: (of crops) harvested early (e.g., new potatoes). -> Not applicable.
    *   Sense 2: not of long duration; having just come into being or been made or acquired or discovered (e.g., a new law; new cars). -> Possible.
    *   Sense 3: lacking training or experience (e.g., raw recruits). -> Not applicable.
    *   Sense 4: having no previous example or precedent or parallel (unprecedented). -> Possible, but usually stronger than just "new strategies".
    *   Sense 5: unfamiliar (e.g., new experiences). -> Not applicable.
    *   Sense 6: gratuitously new (newfangled). -> Not applicable.
    *   Sense 7: other than the former one(s); different (e.g., new leaders). -> Possible, but usually implies replacement.
    *   Sense 8: current stage of a living language (Modern English). -> Not applicable.
    *   Sense 9: in use after medieval times (New Egyptian). -> Not applicable.
    *   Sense 10: unaffected by use or exposure (looks like new). -> Not applicable.
    *   Sense 11: original and of a kind not seen before (fresh, novel). -> Very strong candidate.

    *   The context is about scientific discovery ("uncover a handful of genes", "discovery of these genes", "emerging understanding").
    *   The "new strategies" are a result of this discovery.
    *   These strategies are not just "recently made" (Sense 2), but are "novel" or "original" (Sense 11) because they stem from a new understanding of genetics.
    *   Comparing Sense 2 and Sense 11:
        *   Sense 2: "having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered".
        *   Sense 11: "original and of a kind not seen before" (synonyms: fresh, novel).
    *   In scientific contexts, "new strategies" usually means "novel strategies" (Sense 11) rather than just "recently created" (Sense 2). The discovery of genes leads to *novel* ways of treating cancer.

    *   Sense 11: "original and of a kind not seen before | synonyms=fresh, novel | examples=the computer produced a completely novel proof of a well-known theorem".
    *   This fits perfectly with "new strategies for future cancer treatment" based on a new scientific discovery.

    *   Sense 2 is more general (new car, new law).
    *   Sense 11 is more specific to innovation and novelty (novel proof, novel strategy).
    *   The context emphasizes the "emerging understanding" and "discovery," which points toward novelty/originality.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: strategy
Target surface form: strategies
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops. An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to produce an array of new <t>strategies</t> for future cancer treatment and prevention. That is for the future.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=strategy%1:09:01:: | definition=the branch of military science dealing with military command and the planning and conduct of a war
2. sense_key=strategy%1:09:00:: | definition=an elaborate and systematic plan of action | synonyms=scheme

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `strategy`
    *   Target surface form: `strategies`
    *   Context: "An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to produce an array of new <t>strategies</t> for future cancer treatment and prevention."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `strategy%1:09:01::`: branch of military science dealing with military command and the planning and conduct of a war.
        2.  `strategy%1:09:00::`: an elaborate and systematic plan of action (synonym: scheme).

    *   The context discusses medical scientists, genes, cancer growth, and "cancer treatment and prevention."
    *   "Strategies for future cancer treatment and prevention" refers to systematic plans or methods to treat and prevent the disease.

    *   Sense 1 is specifically about military science and war. This does not fit the medical context.
    *   Sense 2 is a general "elaborate and systematic plan of action." This fits perfectly with medical treatment plans/approaches.

    *   Sense 2 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: future
Target surface form: future
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops. An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to produce an array of new strategies for <t>future</t> cancer treatment and prevention. That is for the future.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=future%3:00:00:: | definition=yet to be or coming | examples=some future historian will evaluate him
2. sense_key=future%5:00:00:incoming:00 | definition=(of elected officers) elected but not yet serving | synonyms=next, succeeding | examples=our next president
3. sense_key=future%3:01:00:: | definition=a verb tense or other formation referring to events or states that have not yet happened | examples=future auxiliary
4. sense_key=future%5:00:00:prospective:00 | definition=effective in or looking toward the future | examples=he was preparing for future employment opportunities

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "future"
    *   Target surface form: "future"
    *   Context: "...an array of new strategies for <t>future</t> cancer treatment and prevention."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `future%3:00:00::`: yet to be or coming (e.g., "some future historian")
        2.  `future%5:00:00:incoming:00`: elected but not yet serving (e.g., "our next president")
        3.  `future%3:01:00::`: a verb tense (e.g., "future auxiliary")
        4.  `future%5:00:00:prospective:00`: effective in or looking toward the future (e.g., "future employment opportunities")

    *   The word "future" modifies "cancer treatment and prevention".
    *   It refers to treatments and prevention strategies that will be used or developed in the time to come.

    *   Sense 1: "yet to be or coming". This is a general adjective describing something that will happen or exist in the future.
    *   Sense 2: "elected but not yet serving". Not applicable (not about elected officers).
    *   Sense 3: "a verb tense". Not applicable (not about grammar).
    *   Sense 4: "effective in or looking toward the future". This often refers to things intended for the future or prospective (like "future employment").

    *   Sense 1 ("yet to be or coming") vs. Sense 4 ("effective in or looking toward the future").
    *   Example for Sense 1: "some future historian" (a historian who will exist in the future).
    *   Example for Sense 4: "future employment opportunities" (opportunities that are prospective).
    *   "Future cancer treatment" refers to treatments that will be used in the time to come.
    *   Looking at WordNet's structure (though I shouldn't use keys in the output), `future%3:00:00` is the general adjective for "coming", while `future%5:00:00:prospective:00` is more about "prospective" or "intended for".
    *   In "future cancer treatment", the treatments are those that will exist or be applied in the time to come. This fits "yet to be or coming" (Sense 1) very well.
    *   Wait, let's re-examine Sense 4: "effective in or looking toward the future". "Future employment opportunities" are opportunities that are prospective. "Future cancer treatment" is similarly prospective.
    *   Let's compare "future historian" (Sense 1) and "future employment" (Sense 4). A future historian is someone who *will be* a historian. Future employment is employment that *will happen*.
    *   Actually, "future cancer treatment" means treatments that will be used in the future.
    *   Let's look at the nuances again.
        *   Sense 1: yet to be or coming.
        *   Sense 4: effective in or looking toward the future.
    *   "Future cancer treatment" is treatment that is coming/yet to be.
    *   If I say "future plans", is that Sense 1 or Sense 4? Usually, "future" as an adjective meaning "coming" is Sense 1.
    *   Let's check Sense 4 again: "effective in or looking toward the future". This sounds more like "forward-looking".
    *   "Future cancer treatment" doesn't mean the treatment itself is "looking toward the future"; it means the treatment will occur in the future.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 ("yet to be or coming") is the most accurate.

    *   Sense 1: "yet to be or coming" -> "future cancer treatment" (treatment that is coming/yet to be).
    *   Sense 4: "effective in or looking toward the future" -> "future employment opportunities" (opportunities that are prospective).
    *   Actually, "future employment" and "future cancer treatment" are very similar. But "future historian" (Sense 1) is also very similar.
    *   Let's re-read Sense 4: "effective in or looking toward the future". This is a bit clunky. "Prospective" is the synonym.
    *   Is "future cancer treatment" prospective treatment? Yes.
    *   Is it "yet to be or coming" treatment? Yes.
    *   Usually, in these datasets, "future [noun]" where the noun is something that will exist later is Sense 1.

    *   Sense 1: yet to be or coming.
    *   Sense 4: effective in or looking toward the future.
    *   "Future cancer treatment" = treatment that will happen in the future.
    *   "Future historian" = historian who will exist in the future.
    *   These are the same usage.

    *   Sense 1: `future%3:00:00::`
    *   Sense 4: `future%5:00:00:prospective:00`
    *   Looking at the examples: "some future historian" (1) vs "future employment opportunities" (4).
    *   "Future cancer treatment" is more like "future employment opportunities" (something you are preparing for or that will be available) than "future historian" (someone who will eventually hold that role).
    *   Wait, "future employment opportunities" are opportunities that *will come*. "Future cancer treatment" is treatment that *will come*.
    *   Let's look at the definition of Sense 4 again: "effective in or looking toward the future". This is a very specific meaning. "Looking toward the future" (like a future-oriented strategy).
    *   "Future cancer treatment" isn't a treatment that "looks toward the future". It's a treatment that *will exist* in the future.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 ("yet to be or coming") is the better fit.

    *   Sense 1: yet to be or coming.
    *   Sense 4: effective in or looking toward the future.
    *   "Future cancer treatment" -> Treatment that is yet to be. (Sense 1).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cancer
Target surface form: cancer
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops. An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to produce an array of new strategies for future <t>cancer</t> treatment and prevention. That is for the future.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: | definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream | synonyms=malignant neoplastic disease
2. sense_key=cancer%1:17:00:: | definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
3. sense_key=cancer%1:05:00:: | definition=type genus of the family Cancridae | synonyms=genus Cancer
4. sense_key=cancer%1:18:00:: | definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer | synonyms=Crab
5. sense_key=cancer%1:15:00:: | definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22 | synonyms=Cancer the Crab, Crab

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `cancer`
    *   Target surface form: `cancer`
    *   Context: "Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops. An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to produce an array of new strategies for future <t>cancer</t> treatment and prevention. That is for the future."

    *   Sense 1: `cancer%1:26:00::` - any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division... (Medical/Disease)
    *   Sense 2: `cancer%1:17:00::` - a small zodiacal constellation... (Astronomy)
    *   Sense 3: `cancer%1:05:00::` - type genus of the family Cancridae... (Biology/Crabs)
    *   Sense 4: `cancer%1:18:00::` - (astrology) a person born while the sun is in Cancer... (Astrology)
    *   Sense 5: `cancer%1:15:00::` - the fourth sign of the zodiac... (Astrology)

    *   The context mentions "Medical scientists", "genes", "chaotic growth of cells", "treatment and prevention".
    *   This clearly refers to the medical condition (malignant growth).

    *   Sense 1 matches the medical definition perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: treatment
Target surface form: treatment
Context:
Medical scientists are starting to uncover a handful of genes which, if damaged, unleash the chaotic growth of cells that characterizes cancer. Scientists say the discovery of these genes in recent months is painting a new and startling picture of how cancer develops. An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to produce an array of new strategies for future cancer <t>treatment</t> and prevention. That is for the future.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=treatment%1:07:00:: | definition=a manner of dealing with something artistically | examples=his treatment of space borrows from Italian architecture
2. sense_key=treatment%1:04:00:: | definition=care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury) | synonyms=intervention
3. sense_key=treatment%1:10:00:: | definition=an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic | synonyms=discussion, discourse | examples=the book contains an excellent discussion of modal logic; his treatment of the race question is badly biased
4. sense_key=treatment%1:04:01:: | definition=the management of someone or something | synonyms=handling | examples=the handling of prisoners; the treatment of water sewage

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "treatment"
    *   Context: "An emerging understanding of the genes is expected to produce an array of new strategies for future cancer <t>treatment</t> and prevention."
    *   Key phrases: "Medical scientists", "genes", "cancer", "strategies for future cancer treatment and prevention".

    *   Sense 1: "a manner of dealing with something artistically" (Not applicable).
    *   Sense 2: "care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury)" (Fits perfectly: cancer treatment).
    *   Sense 3: "an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic" (Not applicable).
    *   Sense 4: "the management of someone or something" (Too general; Sense 2 is specific to medical care).

    *   The context is explicitly medical ("Medical scientists", "cancer").
    *   "Cancer treatment" refers to medical procedures to relieve or cure the illness.
    *   Sense 2 specifically mentions "medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury".