[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: measure
Target surface form: measure
Context:
A large number of studies with Cerenia were carried out either in laboratory dogs or in animal patients at veterinary practises in several European countries and in the USA. What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive <t>measure</t> or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting. What is the risk associated with Cerenia?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=measure%1:10:02:: | definition=a statute in draft before it becomes law | synonyms=bill | examples=they held a public hearing on the bill
2. sense_key=measure%1:06:01:: | definition=a container of some standard capacity that is used to obtain fixed amounts of a substance
3. sense_key=measure%1:10:01:: | definition=(prosody) the accent in a metrical foot of verse | synonyms=meter, metre, beat, cadence
4. sense_key=measure%1:10:03:: | definition=a basis for comparison; a reference point against which other things can be evaluated | synonyms=standard, criterion, touchstone | examples=the schools comply with federal standards; they set the measure for all subsequent work
5. sense_key=measure%1:10:00:: | definition=musical notation for a repeating pattern of musical beats | synonyms=bar | examples=the orchestra omitted the last twelve bars of the song
6. sense_key=measure%1:06:00:: | definition=measuring instrument having a sequence of marks at regular intervals; used as a reference in making measurements | synonyms=measuring stick, measuring rod
7. sense_key=measure%1:04:00:: | definition=the act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule | synonyms=measurement, measuring, mensuration | examples=the measurements were carefully done; his mental measurings proved remarkably accurate
8. sense_key=measure%1:03:00:: | definition=how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify | synonyms=quantity, amount
9. sense_key=measure%1:04:01:: | definition=any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal | synonyms=step | examples=the situation called for strong measures; the police took steps to reduce crime

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 9}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 9}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `measure`
    *   Target surface form: `measure`
    *   Context: "...the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive <t>measure</t> or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  Statute in draft (bill).
        2.  Container of standard capacity.
        3.  Prosody (accent in metrical foot).
        4.  Basis for comparison (standard, criterion).
        5.  Musical notation (bar).
        6.  Measuring instrument (measuring stick).
        7.  Act/process of assigning numbers (measurement).
        8.  Quantity/amount.
        9.  Maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal (step).

    *   The sentence says: "...the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy..."
    *   Here, "supportive measure" refers to an action, a step, or a procedure taken to help treat the condition.
    *   Comparing this to the candidate senses:
        *   Sense 1 (bill/statute): Incorrect.
        *   Sense 2 (container): Incorrect.
        *   Sense 3 (prosody): Incorrect.
        *   Sense 4 (standard/criterion): Incorrect.
        *   Sense 5 (musical bar): Incorrect.
        *   Sense 6 (measuring stick): Incorrect.
        *   Sense 7 (act of measuring): Incorrect.
        *   Sense 8 (quantity): Incorrect.
        *   Sense 9 (maneuver/step toward a goal): Correct. "Supportive measure" means a supportive step or action taken as part of the treatment goal.

    *   Sense 9: "any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal | synonyms=step | examples=the situation called for strong measures; the police took steps to reduce crime".
    *   In the context of medical treatment, a "measure" is a step or action taken to achieve a health goal.

    *   The target word is "measure" (singular in the text, though "measures" is more common in this usage, the meaning remains the same).
    *   Sense 9 fits perfectly.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: other
Target surface form: other
Context:
A large number of studies with Cerenia were carried out either in laboratory dogs or in animal patients at veterinary practises in several European countries and in the USA. What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or <t>other</t> veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting. What is the risk associated with Cerenia?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail
2. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=belonging to the distant past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
3. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `other`
    *   Target surface form: `other`
    *   Context: "...the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or <t>other</t> veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `other%5:00:00:strange:00`: very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected.
        2.  `other%5:00:02:past:00`: belonging to the distant past.
        3.  `other%3:00:00::`: not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied.
        4.  `other%5:00:00:past:00`: recently past.

    *   The sentence says: "...together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy..."
    *   Here, "other" refers to veterinary therapies that are *different* from the one already mentioned (Cerenia). It means "additional" or "different from the one previously discussed."

    *   Sense 1 (strange/unusual): Does not fit. The therapy isn't "strange"; it's just additional/different.
    *   Sense 2 (distant past): Does not fit.
    *   Sense 3 (not the same one already mentioned): Fits perfectly. Cerenia is the primary therapy mentioned; "other veterinary therapy" refers to therapies besides Cerenia.
    *   Sense 4 (recently past): Does not fit.

    *   Sense 3 is the correct choice.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: address
Target surface form: addressing
Context:
A large number of studies with Cerenia were carried out either in laboratory dogs or in animal patients at veterinary practises in several European countries and in the USA. What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while <t>addressing</t> the underlying causes of the vomiting. What is the risk associated with Cerenia?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=address%2:40:00:: | definition=access or locate by address
2. sense_key=address%2:32:00:: | definition=speak to | synonyms=turn to | examples=He addressed the crowd outside the window
3. sense_key=address%2:32:04:: | definition=act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression | synonyms=cover, treat, handle, plow, deal | examples=This book deals with incest; The course covered all of Western Civilization
4. sense_key=address%2:41:08:: | definition=greet, as with a prescribed form, title, or name | synonyms=call | examples=He always addresses me with `Sir'; Call me Mister
5. sense_key=address%2:30:00:: | definition=adjust and aim (a golf ball) at in preparation of hitting
6. sense_key=address%2:33:00:: | definition=direct a question at someone
7. sense_key=address%2:32:01:: | definition=speak to someone | synonyms=accost, come up to
8. sense_key=address%2:32:02:: | definition=give a speech to | synonyms=speak | examples=The chairman addressed the board of trustees
9. sense_key=address%2:32:03:: | definition=put an address on (an envelope) | synonyms=direct
10. sense_key=address%2:34:00:: | definition=address or apply oneself to something, direct one's efforts towards something, such as a question

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `address`
    *   Target surface form: `addressing`
    *   Context: "...the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while <t>addressing</t> the underlying causes of the vomiting."
    *   Meaning: In this context, "addressing the underlying causes" means dealing with, treating, or handling the root cause of the vomiting.

    *   Sense 1: access or locate by address (Computing/Location) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 2: speak to (Communication) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 3: act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression | synonyms=cover, treat, handle, plow, deal | examples=This book deals with incest; The course covered all of Western Civilization. (Wait, "treat, handle, deal" fit well, but the definition mentions "verbally or in some form of artistic expression". Let's check others).
    *   Sense 4: greet, as with a prescribed form, title, or name (Communication) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 5: adjust and aim (a golf ball) (Sports) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 6: direct a question at someone (Communication) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 7: speak to someone (Communication) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 8: give a speech to (Communication) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 9: put an address on (an envelope) (Postal) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 10: address or apply oneself to something, direct one's efforts towards something, such as a question. (Effort/Focus).

    *   Sense 3: "act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression | synonyms=cover, treat, handle, plow, deal". While the definition mentions "verbally or artistic", the synonyms "treat, handle, deal" are very strong matches for medical treatment of a cause.
    *   Sense 10: "address or apply oneself to something, direct one's efforts towards something, such as a question". This is more about focus/effort.

    Let's re-examine Sense 3. "Treat" and "deal" are listed as synonyms. In a medical context, "addressing the cause" means treating the cause.
    Let's re-examine Sense 10. "Direct one's efforts towards something".

    Comparing "addressing the underlying causes" to the senses:
    - Sense 3: "treat, handle, deal". (e.g., "The doctor addressed the infection").
    - Sense 10: "direct one's efforts towards something".

    Actually, looking at WordNet's structure (which these senses are derived from), "address" meaning "to deal with" is often grouped. Sense 3's definition "act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression" seems too narrow, but the synonyms "treat, handle, deal" are exactly what is needed.

    Wait, let me look at Sense 10 again: "address or apply oneself to something, direct one's efforts towards something, such as a question".

    Let's look at the context again: "...while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting."
    This means treating or dealing with the causes.

    If I look at standard WordNet (Princeton), "address" as in "deal with" is often listed.
    Sense 3: "deal with" (synonyms: cover, treat, handle).
    Sense 10: "direct one's efforts towards".

    In medical contexts, "addressing a problem" is synonymous with "dealing with" or "treating" it. Sense 3's synonyms "treat, handle, deal" fit perfectly.

    Let's double-check if there's a better fit.
    Sense 3: "act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression | synonyms=cover, treat, handle, plow, deal".
    Wait, the definition "act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression" is very specific to books/courses (as seen in the examples). But the synonyms "treat, handle, deal" are broader.

    Is there any other sense?
    Sense 10: "address or apply oneself to something, direct one's efforts towards something, such as a question".

    Let's compare:
    "Addressing the underlying causes" -> Dealing with the underlying causes.
    Sense 3 synonyms: treat, handle, deal.
    Sense 10: direct one's efforts towards.

    Usually, "addressing a problem" maps to "dealing with" (Sense 3).

    Let's re-read Sense 3: "act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression | synonyms=cover, treat, handle, plow, deal | examples=This book deals with incest; The course covered all of Western Civilization".
    The examples are about books/courses. But the synonyms "treat, handle, deal" are general.

    Let's re-read Sense 10: "address or apply oneself to something, direct one's efforts towards something, such as a question".

    In the context of "addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting", the vet is "dealing with" or "treating" the causes. This aligns best with the synonyms in Sense 3.

    Wait, let me search for "address" in WordNet again.
    Often, "address" (verb) has:
    1. speak to
    2. direct attention to / deal with
    3. write address on envelope
    4. golf

    Sense 3 here is "act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression" but lists "treat, handle, deal".
    Sense 10 is "direct one's efforts towards something".

    If the context is "addressing the underlying causes", it means taking action to resolve them. "Deal with" (Sense 3) is a better fit than "direct one's efforts towards" (Sense 10), which is more about the *start* of an action or a mental focus.

    Let's check Sense 3 again. "treat, handle, deal".
    "The treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing [dealing with/treating] the underlying causes of the vomiting."
    This fits perfectly.

    Sense 3: "act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression | synonyms=cover, treat, handle, plow, deal"
    Sense 10: "address or apply oneself to something, direct one's efforts towards something, such as a question"

    Actually, "addressing a problem" is a very common use of "address" meaning "deal with". Sense 3's synonyms "treat, handle, deal" cover this.

    Let's double-check if Sense 10 is better. "Direct one's efforts towards something, such as a question". This is more like "addressing the issue of poverty" (starting to work on it). "Addressing the underlying causes" in a medical treatment plan is more about the actual process of treating/dealing with them.

    Therefore, Sense 3 is the most likely intended sense despite the slightly restrictive definition part ("verbally or in some form of artistic expression"), because the synonyms "treat, handle, deal" are the core meanings of "address" when used with "problems" or "causes".

    Wait, let me look at the definition of Sense 3 again. "act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression". That is *very* specific. Could "addressing the underlying causes" be "directing one's efforts towards" (Sense 10)?

    Let's think.
    "We need to address the problem." (Deal with it).
    "He addressed the issue in his speech." (Sense 3 - verbally).
    "The government is addressing the housing crisis." (Sense 10 - directing efforts).

    In the medical context: "while addressing the underlying causes". This means while the vet is treating/dealing with the causes.

    If Sense 3 is strictly for verbal/artistic expression, then Sense 10 is the only one left that means "deal with" in a general sense.

    Let's re-read Sense 10: "address or apply oneself to something, direct one's efforts towards something, such as a question".

    Let's re-read Sense 3: "act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression | synonyms=cover, treat, handle, plow, deal".

    This is tricky. "Treat" is a synonym in Sense 3. In a medical context, "treating the cause" is exactly what "addressing the cause" means.

    Let's look at the examples for Sense 3: "This book deals with incest; The course covered all of Western Civilization". These are examples of "covering" or "dealing with" a topic.

    Let's look at Sense 10 again: "direct one's efforts towards something, such as a question".

    If I have to choose between "deal with/treat" (Sense 3) and "direct efforts towards" (Sense 10), "deal with/treat" is a much closer match for medical treatment of a cause.

    Let's search for "address" in other WordNet versions.
    Sense: address (v)
    - speak to
    - deal with (a problem, etc.)
    - write the address on

    In the provided list:
    Sense 3 has synonyms "treat, handle, deal".
    Sense 10 has "direct one's efforts towards".

    "Addressing the underlying causes" = "Dealing with the underlying causes".
    Sense 3 synonyms: "treat, handle, deal".

    I will go with Sense 3.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: underlying
Target surface form: underlying
Context:
A large number of studies with Cerenia were carried out either in laboratory dogs or in animal patients at veterinary practises in several European countries and in the USA. What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the <t>underlying</t> causes of the vomiting. What is the risk associated with Cerenia?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=underlying%5:00:00:subjacent:00 | definition=located beneath or below
2. sense_key=underlying%5:00:00:implicit:00 | definition=in the nature of something though not readily apparent | synonyms=implicit in, inherent | examples=shortcomings inherent in our approach; an underlying meaning
3. sense_key=underlying%5:00:00:basic:00 | definition=being or involving basic facts or principles | synonyms=fundamental, rudimentary | examples=the fundamental laws of the universe; a fundamental incomatibility between them

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `underlying`
    *   Target surface form: `underlying`
    *   Context: "...the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the <t>underlying</t> causes of the vomiting."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `subjacent`: located beneath or below (physical position).
        2.  `implicit`: in the nature of something though not readily apparent (implicit, inherent).
        3.  `basic`: being or involving basic facts or principles (fundamental, rudimentary).

    *   The phrase is "underlying causes of the vomiting".
    *   In a medical context, "underlying cause" refers to the primary, fundamental, or root cause that is producing the symptoms (vomiting).

    *   Sense 1 (subjacent): Physical location. Not applicable here.
    *   Sense 2 (implicit): Not readily apparent, inherent. While an underlying cause might not be immediately apparent, "underlying" in "underlying cause" usually means the fundamental reason.
    *   Sense 3 (basic): Fundamental, rudimentary. "Fundamental cause" is a very close synonym for "underlying cause" in medical terminology.

    *   Sense 2 (implicit/inherent) vs. Sense 3 (basic/fundamental).
    *   "Underlying cause" is a standard collocation meaning the root or fundamental cause.
    *   Looking at WordNet's typical usage:
        *   "Underlying meaning" (Sense 2)
        *   "Underlying cause" (often mapped to Sense 3 - fundamental/basic).
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 2: "in the nature of something though not readily apparent".
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 3: "being or involving basic facts or principles".
    *   In medical terms, an "underlying condition" or "underlying cause" is the fundamental reason for the symptom.

    *   Sense 1: Physical (No)
    *   Sense 2: Implicit/Inherent (Maybe, but usually for meanings or qualities)
    *   Sense 3: Basic/Fundamental (Yes, fits "root cause" best)

    *   Wait, let me double-check "underlying cause" in WordNet or similar corpora.
    *   Often, "underlying" in "underlying cause" is treated as "fundamental".
    *   Example: "The underlying cause of the problem" -> "The fundamental cause of the problem".

    *   Sense 2: "implicit in, inherent"
    *   Sense 3: "fundamental, rudimentary"
    *   "Underlying cause" = "Fundamental cause".

    *   Sense 3 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cause
Target surface form: causes
Context:
A large number of studies with Cerenia were carried out either in laboratory dogs or in animal patients at veterinary practises in several European countries and in the USA. What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying <t>causes</t> of the vomiting. What is the risk associated with Cerenia?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cause%1:04:00:: | definition=a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy | synonyms=lawsuit, suit, case, causa | examples=the family brought suit against the landlord
2. sense_key=cause%1:04:01:: | definition=a series of actions advancing a principle or tending toward a particular end | synonyms=campaign, crusade, drive, movement, effort | examples=he supported populist campaigns; they worked in the cause of world peace
3. sense_key=cause%1:10:00:: | definition=a justification for something existing or happening | synonyms=reason, grounds | examples=he had no cause to complain; they had good reason to rejoice
4. sense_key=cause%1:11:00:: | definition=events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something | examples=they are trying to determine the cause of the crash
5. sense_key=cause%1:03:00:: | definition=any entity that produces an effect or is responsible for events or results | synonyms=causal agent, causal agency

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `cause`
    *   Target surface form: `causes`
    *   Context: "...the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying <t>causes</t> of the vomiting."

    *   Sense 1: Legal proceeding (lawsuit). (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Campaign/movement for a principle. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 3: Justification/reason for something existing (e.g., "no cause to complain"). (Close, but usually refers to a motive or justification).
    *   Sense 4: Events that provide the generative force/origin (e.g., "cause of the crash"). (Strong candidate).
    *   Sense 5: Any entity that produces an effect or is responsible for events (causal agent). (Strong candidate).

    *   The sentence refers to "underlying causes of the vomiting."
    *   In a medical context, "causes of [symptom]" refers to the underlying pathology, disease, or event that triggered the symptom.
    *   Sense 4: "events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something" (e.g., "cause of the crash").
    *   Sense 5: "any entity that produces an effect or is responsible for events or results" (causal agent).

    *   Sense 4 focuses on the *event* or *origin*.
    *   Sense 5 focuses on the *entity* (the agent).
    *   Medical "causes" can be agents (bacteria, toxins) or events (ingesting something).
    *   Looking at WordNet's typical distinction:
        *   `cause%1:11:00` (Sense 4) is often used for the "reason why" something happened (the origin).
        *   `cause%1:03:00` (Sense 5) is the "thing that causes" (the agent).
    *   "Underlying causes of the vomiting" usually refers to the diseases or conditions (the entities/agents) responsible for the symptom.
    *   However, let's re-examine Sense 4: "events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something".
    *   Let's look at the examples: "cause of the crash" (Sense 4). "Cause of the vomiting" is structurally identical to "cause of the crash".

    *   Sense 3: Justification (No).
    *   Sense 4: Origin/Event (e.g., cause of the crash).
    *   Sense 5: Causal agent (e.g., the bacteria is the cause).

    In medical terminology, "addressing the underlying cause" usually means finding the disease or trigger. This aligns well with Sense 4 (the origin/generative force) or Sense 5 (the agent).

    Comparing Sense 4 and 5 again:
    Sense 4: `cause%1:11:00` - "events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something"
    Sense 5: `cause%1:03:00` - "any entity that produces an effect or is responsible for events or results"

    If the "cause" is a disease (like kidney failure), is that an "event" (Sense 4) or an "entity" (Sense 5)? Usually, a disease is seen as the agent/entity responsible. But "the cause of the crash" (Sense 4) is very similar to "the cause of the vomiting".

    Wait, let's look at the WordNet hierarchy if possible.
    `cause%1:11:00` is often used for the "reason" or "source" in a general sense.
    `cause%1:03:00` is the "causal agent".

    In "underlying causes of the vomiting", we are looking for the things (entities/conditions) that are making the dog vomit. This points strongly to Sense 5 (causal agent).

    Let's double-check Sense 4 again: "events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something".
    Example: "cause of the crash". A crash is an event. Vomiting is a symptom/process.

    Actually, in many WSD datasets (like SemCor), "cause of [disease/symptom]" is mapped to the "causal agent" or the "origin".

    Let's re-read:
    Sense 4: events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something.
    Sense 5: any entity that produces an effect or is responsible for events or results.

    If the cause is "poisoning", that's an event (Sense 4). If the cause is "a tumor", that's an entity (Sense 5). "Underlying causes" (plural) suggests a variety of possible agents or events.

    Usually, "underlying cause" in medicine refers to the etiology. Etiology is the study of causes (agents or factors).

    Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 5: "causal agent, causal agency". This fits "underlying causes" perfectly in a medical context.

    Let's look at Sense 4 again. "events that provide the generative force".

    Comparing "cause of the crash" (Sense 4) vs "causal agent" (Sense 5).
    A crash is a single event. Vomiting is a symptom. The "cause of the vomiting" is the thing (entity/condition) that makes it happen.

    Therefore, Sense 5 is the most precise fit for "causal agent".

    *Self-Correction:* Let me search for how "cause of [symptom]" is typically handled.
    Often, "cause" as in "the cause of the fire" or "the cause of the disease" is treated as the agent.

    Sense 4: `cause%1:11:00`
    Sense 5: `cause%1:03:00`

    Wait, I just noticed Sense 4 says "events". Is a disease an event? Not really. Is a toxin an event? No. Is "eating bad food" an event? Yes.
    Sense 5 says "any entity". A disease, a toxin, or a condition is an entity.

    Let's re-evaluate Sense 4's example: "cause of the crash". The cause of the crash could be "brake failure" (an event/condition).

    Actually, looking at the WordNet structure:
    `cause%1:03:00` (Sense 5) is the most general "thing that causes".
    `cause%1:11:00` (Sense 4) is more about the "origin" or "generative force".

    In "underlying causes of the vomiting", the most fitting description is the "causal agent" (Sense 5).

    Sense 1: Lawsuit (No)
    Sense 2: Campaign (No)
    Sense 3: Justification (No)
    Sense 4: Origin/Event (Possible)
    Sense 5: Causal agent (Best)

    Wait, let me look at Sense 4 again. "events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something".
    And Sense 5: "any entity that produces an effect or is responsible for events or results".

    If the vomiting is the "result", then the "entity that is responsible for the result" is Sense 5.

    Let's check one more time.
    "the underlying causes of the vomiting"
    Cause = the thing that makes the dog vomit.
    Thing = entity.
    Sense 5 = any entity that produces an effect.

    This seems the most robust.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: risk
Target surface form: risk
Context:
What benefit has Cerenia shown during the studies? The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting. What is the <t>risk</t> associated with Cerenia? Cerenia was generally well tolerated when administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses for an extended period of time (up to 3 times the recommended maximum duration of treatment).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=risk%1:07:02:: | definition=the probability of becoming infected given that exposure to an infectious agent has occurred | synonyms=risk of infection
2. sense_key=risk%1:26:00:: | definition=a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune | synonyms=hazard, jeopardy, peril, endangerment | examples=drinking alcohol is a health hazard
3. sense_key=risk%1:04:00:: | definition=a venture undertaken without regard to possible loss or injury | synonyms=peril, danger | examples=he saw the rewards but not the risks of crime; there was a danger he would do the wrong thing
4. sense_key=risk%1:07:01:: | definition=the probability of being exposed to an infectious agent | synonyms=risk of exposure

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `risk`
    *   Target surface form: `risk`
    *   Context: "What is the <t>risk</t> associated with Cerenia?" (Cerenia is a medicine for vomiting in dogs).
    *   Surrounding text discusses the effectiveness and safety (tolerability) of the medicine.

    *   Sense 1: `risk%1:07:02::` - probability of becoming infected given exposure to an infectious agent. (Too specific to infection).
    *   Sense 2: `risk%1:26:00::` - a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune. Synonyms: hazard, jeopardy, peril, endangerment. Example: "drinking alcohol is a health hazard".
    *   Sense 3: `risk%1:04:00::` - a venture undertaken without regard to possible loss or injury. Synonyms: peril, danger. Example: "he saw the rewards but not the risks of crime". (This refers more to a gamble or a risky action).
    *   Sense 4: `risk%1:07:01::` - the probability of being exposed to an infectious agent. (Too specific to infection).

    *   The context asks about the "risk associated with Cerenia" (a medication).
    *   In medical contexts, "risk" usually refers to the possibility of adverse effects or danger (side effects).
    *   Sense 2 ("a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune") fits best here, as it aligns with the concept of a "health hazard" or potential side effect.
    *   Sense 3 is about taking a risk (a venture), which doesn't fit the context of a drug's safety profile.
    *   Senses 1 and 4 are specific to infectious agents.

    *   Sense 2 is the most appropriate.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: generally
Target surface form: generally
Context:
The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting. What is the risk associated with Cerenia? Cerenia was <t>generally</t> well tolerated when administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses for an extended period of time (up to 3 times the recommended maximum duration of treatment). What are the precautions for the person who gives the medicine or comes into contact with the animal?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=generally%4:02:01:: | definition=without distinction of one from others | synonyms=in general, in the main | examples=he is interested in snakes in general
2. sense_key=generally%4:02:02:: | definition=usually; as a rule | synonyms=by and large, more often than not, mostly | examples=by and large it doesn't rain much here
3. sense_key=generally%4:02:00:: | definition=without regard to specific details or exceptions | synonyms=broadly, loosely, broadly speaking | examples=he interprets the law broadly

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "generally"
    *   Context: "Cerenia was <t>generally</t> well tolerated when administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses..."
    *   Meaning: In this context, "generally" means that in most cases or for most subjects, the drug was well tolerated. It indicates a general trend or a common occurrence.

    *   Sense 1: `without distinction of one from others` (in general, in the main). Example: "he is interested in snakes in general". (Focuses on a category as a whole).
    *   Sense 2: `usually; as a rule` (by and large, more often than not, mostly). Example: "by and large it doesn't rain much here". (Focuses on frequency or typicality).
    *   Sense 3: `without regard to specific details or exceptions` (broadly, loosely, broadly speaking). Example: "he interprets the law broadly". (Focuses on lack of precision).

    *   "Cerenia was generally well tolerated" means it was *usually* well tolerated or *mostly* well tolerated.
    *   Sense 1 ("without distinction") doesn't fit well here.
    *   Sense 2 ("usually; as a rule", "mostly") fits perfectly. It describes the typical outcome of the administration.
    *   Sense 3 ("broadly speaking") doesn't fit the context of clinical tolerance.

    *   Sense 2 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: well
Target surface form: well
Context:
The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting. What is the risk associated with Cerenia? Cerenia was generally <t>well</t> tolerated when administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses for an extended period of time (up to 3 times the recommended maximum duration of treatment). What are the precautions for the person who gives the medicine or comes into contact with the animal?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=well%4:02:07:: | definition=favorably; with approval | examples=their neighbors spoke well of them; he thought well of the book
2. sense_key=well%4:02:12:: | definition=with skill or in a pleasing manner | examples=she dances well; he writes well
3. sense_key=well%4:02:10:: | definition=in a manner affording benefit or advantage | synonyms=advantageously | examples=she married well; The children were settled advantageously in Seattle
4. sense_key=well%4:02:08:: | definition=to a suitable or appropriate extent or degree | examples=the project was well underway; the fetus has well developed organs
5. sense_key=well%4:02:11:: | definition=to a great extent or degree | synonyms=considerably, substantially | examples=I'm afraid the film was well over budget; painting the room white made it seem considerably (or substantially) larger
6. sense_key=well%4:02:14:: | definition=with great or especially intimate knowledge | synonyms=intimately | examples=we knew them well
7. sense_key=well%4:02:15:: | definition=(used for emphasis or as an intensifier) entirely or fully | examples=a book well worth reading; was well aware of the difficulties ahead
8. sense_key=well%4:02:03:: | definition=indicating high probability; in all likelihood | synonyms=easily | examples=I might well do it; a mistake that could easily have ended in disaster
9. sense_key=well%4:02:13:: | definition=with prudence or propriety | examples=You would do well to say nothing more; could not well refuse
10. sense_key=well%4:02:00:: | definition=(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (`good' is a nonstandard dialectal variant for `well') | synonyms=good | examples=the children behaved well; a task well done
11. sense_key=well%4:02:01:: | definition=without unusual distress or resentment; with good humor | examples=took the joke well; took the tragic news well
12. sense_key=well%4:02:05:: | definition=thoroughly or completely; fully; often used as a combining form; ; ; ; ; , | examples=The problem is well understood; she was well informed
13. sense_key=well%4:02:09:: | definition=in financial comfort | synonyms=comfortably | examples=They live well; she has been able to live comfortably since her husband died

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 10}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 10}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "well"
    *   Target surface form: "well"
    *   Context: "Cerenia was generally <t>well</t> tolerated when administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses..."
    *   Meaning: In the phrase "well tolerated," "well" indicates that the drug was tolerated to a satisfactory or appropriate degree, or in a good/satisfactory manner.

    *   1: favorably; with approval (e.g., spoke well of them) - No.
    *   2: with skill or in a pleasing manner (e.g., dances well) - No.
    *   3: in a manner affording benefit or advantage (e.g., married well) - No.
    *   4: to a suitable or appropriate extent or degree (e.g., well developed organs) - Possible.
    *   5: to a great extent or degree (e.g., well over budget) - Possible, but "well tolerated" usually means "satisfactorily tolerated" rather than "extremely tolerated."
    *   6: with great or especially intimate knowledge (e.g., knew them well) - No.
    *   7: (intensifier) entirely or fully (e.g., well worth reading) - No.
    *   8: indicating high probability (e.g., might well do it) - No.
    *   9: with prudence or propriety (e.g., do well to say nothing) - No.
    *   10: in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (e.g., behaved well, task well done) - Very strong candidate. "Well tolerated" means it was tolerated in a satisfactory manner.
    *   11: without unusual distress or resentment (e.g., took the joke well) - No.
    *   12: thoroughly or completely; fully (e.g., well understood) - No.
    *   13: in financial comfort (e.g., live well) - No.

    *   Sense 4: "to a suitable or appropriate extent or degree" (Example: "the fetus has well developed organs").
    *   Sense 10: "in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard" (Example: "the children behaved well").

    In medical contexts, "well tolerated" means the patient did not experience significant adverse effects; the drug was accepted by the body in a satisfactory manner.

    Comparing Sense 4 and Sense 10:
    Sense 10 ("satisfactory manner") fits "well tolerated" better than Sense 4 ("suitable extent"). If something is "well tolerated," it means the *manner* in which it was tolerated was satisfactory.

    Let's re-examine Sense 10: "in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard".
    Let's re-examine Sense 4: "to a suitable or appropriate extent or degree".

    Actually, "well tolerated" is a very common collocation. In many dictionaries, "well" in "well tolerated" is treated as an intensifier meaning "to a great extent" or "satisfactorily."

    Wait, let's look at Sense 10 again: "in a good or proper or satisfactory manner". This seems the most fitting for "well tolerated" (tolerated in a satisfactory manner).

    Let's check Sense 4 again: "to a suitable or appropriate extent or degree". "Well developed" fits this. Is "well tolerated" more about the *degree* of tolerance or the *manner* of tolerance? Usually, it means the drug was tolerated *well* (satisfactorily).

    Let's look at Sense 10's examples: "the children behaved well; a task well done".
    Let's look at Sense 4's examples: "the project was well underway; the fetus has well developed organs".

    "Well tolerated" is similar to "well behaved" or "well done" in that it describes the quality/manner of the action (tolerating).

    Wait, let's look at Sense 10 again. "in a good or proper or satisfactory manner". This is the most general "goodly" sense of the adverb "well".

    Let's double-check Sense 5: "to a great extent or degree". "Well tolerated" could mean "tolerated to a great extent," but "satisfactorily" is a better fit.

    Let's double-check Sense 12: "thoroughly or completely". No.

    Comparing Sense 10 and Sense 4 again.
    Sense 10: satisfactory manner.
    Sense 4: suitable extent.

    "Well tolerated" = tolerated satisfactorily.
    Sense 10 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: tolerate
Target surface form: tolerated
Context:
The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting. What is the risk associated with Cerenia? Cerenia was generally well <t>tolerated</t> when administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses for an extended period of time (up to 3 times the recommended maximum duration of treatment). What are the precautions for the person who gives the medicine or comes into contact with the animal?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=tolerate%2:41:01:: | definition=recognize and respect (rights and beliefs of others) | examples=We must tolerate the religions of others
2. sense_key=tolerate%2:32:01:: | definition=allow the presence of or allow (an activity) without opposing or prohibiting | synonyms=allow, permit | examples=We don't allow dogs here; Children are not permitted beyond this point
3. sense_key=tolerate%2:31:00:: | definition=put up with something or somebody unpleasant | synonyms=digest, endure, stick out, stomach, bear, stand | examples=I cannot bear his constant criticism; The new secretary had to endure a lot of unprofessional remarks
4. sense_key=tolerate%2:39:00:: | definition=have a tolerance for a poison or strong drug or pathogen or environmental condition | examples=The patient does not tolerate the anti-inflammatory drugs we gave him

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `tolerate`
    *   Target surface form: `tolerated`
    *   Context: "Cerenia was generally well tolerated when administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses..."
    *   Domain: Veterinary medicine/Pharmacology.

    *   Sense 1: recognize and respect (rights and beliefs of others). (Social/Political)
    *   Sense 2: allow the presence of or allow (an activity) without opposing or prohibiting. (Permission)
    *   Sense 3: put up with something or somebody unpleasant. (Endurance/Patience)
    *   Sense 4: have a tolerance for a poison or strong drug or pathogen or environmental condition. (Medical/Biological)

    *   The sentence discusses a medicine (Cerenia) being administered to dogs.
    *   "Well tolerated" in a medical context refers to the patient's ability to handle a drug without adverse effects.
    *   Sense 4 specifically mentions "tolerance for a poison or strong drug...". This matches the medical context perfectly.

    *   Sense 3 ("put up with") is close in general meaning but is usually used for psychological or emotional endurance.
    *   Sense 4 is the technical medical term for how a body reacts to a drug.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: administer
Target surface form: administered
Context:
The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting. What is the risk associated with Cerenia? Cerenia was generally well tolerated when <t>administered</t> daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses for an extended period of time (up to 3 times the recommended maximum duration of treatment). What are the precautions for the person who gives the medicine or comes into contact with the animal?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=administer%2:41:00:: | definition=work in an administrative capacity; supervise or be in charge of | synonyms=administrate | examples=administer a program; she administers the funds
2. sense_key=administer%2:41:01:: | definition=direct the taking of | examples=administer an exam; administer an oath
3. sense_key=administer%2:40:01:: | definition=perform (a church sacrament) ritually | examples=administer the last unction
4. sense_key=administer%2:40:00:: | definition=administer or bestow, as in small portions | synonyms=distribute, mete out, deal, parcel out, lot, dispense | examples=administer critical remarks to everyone present; dole out some money
5. sense_key=administer%2:29:00:: | definition=give or apply (medications) | synonyms=dispense

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `administer`
    *   Target surface form: `administered`
    *   Context: "Cerenia was generally well tolerated when <t>administered</t> daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses..."
    *   Contextual clues: "Cerenia" (a medicine), "dosages", "recommended doses", "treatment".

    *   Sense 1: `administer%2:41:00::` - work in an administrative capacity; supervise or be in charge of (e.g., administer a program).
    *   Sense 2: `administer%2:41:01::` - direct the taking of (e.g., administer an exam).
    *   Sense 3: `administer%2:40:01::` - perform (a church sacrament) ritually (e.g., administer the last unction).
    *   Sense 4: `administer%2:40:00::` - administer or bestow, as in small portions (e.g., distribute, dispense money).
    *   Sense 5: `administer%2:29:00::` - give or apply (medications) (synonym: dispense).

    *   The context is clearly about giving a medication (Cerenia) to dogs.
    *   Sense 5 specifically mentions "give or apply (medications)".

    *   Sense 5 is the perfect fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: daily
Target surface form: daily
Context:
The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting. What is the risk associated with Cerenia? Cerenia was generally well tolerated when administered <t>daily</t> at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses for an extended period of time (up to 3 times the recommended maximum duration of treatment). What are the precautions for the person who gives the medicine or comes into contact with the animal?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=daily%4:02:01:: | definition=gradually and progressively | synonyms=day by day | examples=his health weakened day by day
2. sense_key=daily%4:02:00:: | definition=every day; without missing a day | examples=he stops by daily

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "daily"
    *   Target surface form: "daily"
    *   Context: "Cerenia was generally well tolerated when administered <t>daily</t> at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses for an extended period of time..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `daily%4:02:01::`: gradually and progressively (synonyms: day by day).
        2.  `daily%4:02:00::`: every day; without missing a day.

    *   The sentence describes the administration of a medicine (Cerenia).
    *   "administered daily" means the medicine was given every day.
    *   It does not mean the medicine was administered "gradually and progressively" (which would describe a dosage increase, not the frequency of administration).

    *   Sense 1: "gradually and progressively" (e.g., "health weakened day by day"). This doesn't fit "administered daily".
    *   Sense 2: "every day; without missing a day" (e.g., "he stops by daily"). This fits perfectly with the frequency of medication administration.

    *   The correct sense is sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dosage
Target surface form: dosages
Context:
The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting. What is the risk associated with Cerenia? Cerenia was generally well tolerated when administered daily at <t>dosages</t> up to 5 times the recommended doses for an extended period of time (up to 3 times the recommended maximum duration of treatment). What are the precautions for the person who gives the medicine or comes into contact with the animal?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dosage%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time | synonyms=dose
2. sense_key=dosage%1:06:00:: | definition=a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time | synonyms=dose

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `dosage`
    *   Target surface form: `dosages`
    *   Context: "Cerenia was generally well tolerated when administered daily at <t>dosages</t> up to 5 times the recommended doses for an extended period of time..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `dosage%1:23:00::`: the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time. (Synonym: dose)
        2.  `dosage%1:06:00::`: a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time. (Synonym: dose)

    *   The sentence discusses the administration of a medicine (Cerenia) to dogs.
    *   It mentions "dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses".
    *   The focus is on the *amount* or *quantity* of the medicine being administered.

    *   Sense 1: "the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time".
    *   Sense 2: "a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time".

    *   Both senses are very similar.
    *   Sense 1 emphasizes the *quantity* of the active agent.
    *   Sense 2 emphasizes the *measured portion* of the medicine.
    *   In the context of "5 times the recommended doses", it refers to the quantity/amount of the drug being given.
    *   Looking at WordNet's typical distinctions:
        *   `dosage%1:06:00` (dose) often refers to the specific unit/portion (e.g., "take one dose").
        *   `dosage%1:23:00` (dose) often refers to the amount/quantity of the active substance.
    *   The phrase "dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses" suggests a measurement of quantity rather than a specific physical portion (like a pill).

    *   Wait, let's look closer at the definitions provided:
        1. `dosage%1:23:00::` - quantity of an active agent...
        2. `dosage%1:06:00::` - measured portion of medicine...
    *   In medical contexts, "dosage" often refers to the regimen (amount per unit time), but here the candidate senses both define it as a "dose" (single instance).
    *   "5 times the recommended doses" implies the *amount* (quantity) of the active agent.
    *   Sense 1 is slightly broader ("active agent (substance or radiation)") and focuses on "quantity".
    *   Sense 2 is more specific to "medicine" and "measured portion".
    *   Actually, in many WordNet versions, `dosage%1:06:00` is the standard "dose" (the amount of medicine).
    *   Let's re-evaluate: "administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses".
    *   If I say "a dose of 5mg", that's a quantity. If I say "take a dose", that's a portion.
    *   "Dosages up to 5 times" refers to the quantity.

    *   Sense 1: quantity of an active agent.
    *   Sense 2: measured portion of medicine.
    *   The context is about the amount of medicine (Cerenia) given.
    *   Usually, "dosage" (the regimen) is different from "dose" (the single amount). However, the candidate senses provided both map to "dose".
    *   Between "quantity of an active agent" and "measured portion of medicine", "quantity" fits "5 times the recommended doses" better than "measured portion".

    *   Wait, let me check if there's a subtle difference.
    *   Sense 1: `dosage%1:23:00` -> quantity of an active agent.
    *   Sense 2: `dosage%1:06:00` -> measured portion of medicine.
    *   In the sentence "administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses", "dosages" is used as a synonym for the amount.
    *   Looking at common usage in medical texts, "dosage" often refers to the amount of drug per unit of body weight or time.
    *   Between the two, Sense 1's "quantity of an active agent" is a more precise fit for "5 times the recommended doses" than "measured portion".

    *   Let's double-check the synonyms. Both list "dose".
    *   Sense 1: quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time.
    *   Sense 2: a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time.
    *   "5 times the recommended doses" -> This is talking about the amount/quantity.

    *   Actually, looking at the WordNet hierarchy:
        *   `dose%1:06:00` (measured portion of medicine)
        *   `dose%1:23:00` (quantity of an active agent)
    *   The target word is "dosages".
    *   In the context of "5 times the recommended doses", it's referring to the amount of the drug.
    *   Sense 1 is more general (active agent) and focuses on quantity.
    *   Sense 2 is more specific (medicine) and focuses on the portion.
    *   Since Cerenia is a medicine, Sense 2 is very tempting. But "5 times the recommended doses" describes the *quantity* of the active agent being administered.

    *   Let's re-read: "administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses".
    *   If you take 5 pills instead of 1, you are taking 5 times the measured portion (Sense 2) AND 5 times the quantity of the active agent (Sense 1).
    *   However, "dosage" in a clinical sense usually refers to the quantity/amount.

    *   Let's look at the definitions again.
    *   1: quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation)
    *   2: measured portion of medicine
    *   "Dosages up to 5 times" -> This is a measurement of quantity.

    *   Let's try to find which one is more common for "dosage" when it means "amount".
    *   Actually, in many contexts, "dose" (the portion) and "dosage" (the quantity/regimen) are distinguished. But here, the candidate senses are both for "dose".
    *   If the choice is between "quantity of an active agent" and "measured portion of medicine", "quantity" is the more abstract and accurate term for "5 times the recommended".

    *   Wait, let me search for these specific WordNet sense keys.
    *   `dose%1:06:00` is often the primary sense for a dose of medicine.
    *   `dose%1:23:00` is often used for radiation or chemicals.
    *   Cerenia is a medicine.
    *   "measured portion of medicine" (Sense 2) fits "medicine" perfectly.
    *   "quantity of an active agent" (Sense 1) fits "5 times the recommended doses" perfectly.

    *   Let's look at the sentence again: "administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses".
    *   The word "dosages" here is used to describe the level of the dose.
    *   If I say "at a dosage of 10mg/kg", I am talking about the quantity.
    *   If I say "take a dose of this medicine", I am talking about the portion.
    *   "at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses" -> This refers to the quantity.

    *   Let's compare:
        *   Sense 1: quantity of an active agent...
        *   Sense 2: measured portion of medicine...
    *   The phrase "5 times the recommended doses" strongly points to the *quantity* of the active agent.

    *   Let's double-check the WordNet sense keys again.
    *   `dose%1:06:00` (measured portion of medicine)
    *   `dose%1:23:00` (quantity of an active agent)
    *   In the context of "5 times the recommended doses", it's the amount/quantity.

    *   Wait, I just noticed the target lemma is "dosage", but the candidate senses are for "dosage" (though the keys look like they might be for "dose"). Let me re-read the candidate senses provided in the prompt.
    *   Candidate 1: `dosage%1:23:00::` | definition=the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time | synonyms=dose
    *   Candidate 2: `dosage%1:06:00::` | definition=a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time | synonyms=dose

    *   Okay, the keys are `dosage%1:23:00` and `dosage%1:06:00`.
    *   If the context is "dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses", it's referring to the amount/quantity.
    *   Sense 1: "the quantity of an active agent..."
    *   Sense 2: "a measured portion of medicine..."
    *   "5 times the recommended doses" is a quantity.

    *   Let's think about "measured portion". A "portion" is usually a single unit (like a pill or a spoonful). "5 times the recommended doses" refers to the total amount of the active substance.

    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the better fit.

    *   Wait, let me search for "dosage" vs "dose" in medical terminology.
    *   Dose: The amount of a drug taken at one time.
    *   Dosage: The dose administered over a period of time (e.g., 50mg twice daily).
    *   In the sentence "administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses", "dosages" is used almost interchangeably with "doses".
    *   If the choice is between "quantity of an active agent" and "measured portion of medicine", "quantity" is more appropriate for "5 times the recommended".

    *   Let's re-verify.
    *   Sense 1: quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time.
    *   Sense 2: a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time.
    *   "administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses"
    *   This means the amount given each day was up to 5 times the recommended amount.
    *   This is a quantity.

    *   Let's consider if "measured portion" could fit. A "portion" could be 5 times the recommended portion. But "quantity" is a more direct fit for "5 times the recommended".

    *   Let's look at the synonyms. Both are "dose".
    *   Let's look at the definitions again.
    *   Sense 1: "the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time"
    *   Sense 2: "a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time"
    *   The context is "administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses".
    *   This is talking about the amount of the active agent (Cerenia) being given.

    *   Final check:
        *   Context: "dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses"
        *   Sense 1: quantity of an active agent
        *   Sense 2: measured portion of medicine
        *   "Quantity" is a better fit for "5 times the recommended".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dose
Target surface form: doses
Context:
The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting. What is the risk associated with Cerenia? Cerenia was generally well tolerated when administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended <t>doses</t> for an extended period of time (up to 3 times the recommended maximum duration of treatment). What are the precautions for the person who gives the medicine or comes into contact with the animal?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dose%1:06:00:: | definition=a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time | synonyms=dosage
2. sense_key=dose%1:06:01:: | definition=street name for lysergic acid diethylamide | synonyms=acid, back breaker, battery-acid, dot, Elvis, loony toons
3. sense_key=dose%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time | synonyms=dosage
4. sense_key=dose%1:26:00:: | definition=a communicable infection transmitted by sexual intercourse or genital contact | synonyms=venereal disease, VD, venereal infection, social disease, Cupid's itch, Cupid's disease

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `dose`
    *   Target surface form: `doses`
    *   Context: "Cerenia was generally well tolerated when administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended <t>doses</t> for an extended period of time..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `dose%1:06:00::`: a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time (synonym: dosage).
        2.  `dose%1:06:01::`: street name for LSD.
        3.  `dose%1:23:00::`: the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time (synonym: dosage).
        4.  `dose%1:26:00::`: a communicable infection transmitted by sexual intercourse.

    *   The context is about a medicine (Cerenia) used to treat vomiting in dogs.
    *   The sentence mentions "dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses".
    *   This clearly refers to the amount of medicine administered.

    *   Sense 1: "a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time".
    *   Sense 3: "the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time".
    *   Both Sense 1 and Sense 3 are very similar and both list "dosage" as a synonym.
    *   Looking closer at WordNet (though I must rely on the provided glosses):
        *   Sense 1 (`dose%1:06:00`) often refers to the physical unit (e.g., "a dose of cough syrup").
        *   Sense 3 (`dose%1:23:00`) often refers to the amount/quantity of the active ingredient.
    *   In the phrase "recommended doses", it refers to the prescribed amount of the medicine.
    *   Let's re-evaluate the glosses provided:
        *   Sense 1: "a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time"
        *   Sense 3: "the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time"
    *   In medical contexts, "recommended dose" usually refers to the specific amount of the drug to be administered.
    *   Comparing "measured portion of medicine" (1) vs "quantity of an active agent" (3).
    *   "Doses" in "recommended doses" usually refers to the specific amount (quantity) prescribed.
    *   Wait, let's look at the context again: "administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses".
    *   Actually, in many WordNet versions, `dose%1:06:00` is the most common sense for a medical dose.
    *   Let's check the distinction again.
        *   Sense 1: "a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time"
        *   Sense 3: "the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time"
    *   The context "recommended doses" fits both, but "measured portion of medicine" is a more natural fit for a general medication like Cerenia (tablets/injections) than "quantity of an active agent" (which is often used for radiation or chemical exposure).
    *   However, "dosage" is listed as a synonym for both.
    *   Let's look at the phrasing "5 times the recommended doses". This refers to the amount.
    *   If I have to choose the *best* one:
        *   Sense 1 is about the medicine itself (the portion).
        *   Sense 3 is about the quantity of the active agent.
    *   In veterinary/medical literature, "dose" usually refers to the amount of drug given.
    *   Let's re-read: "Cerenia was generally well tolerated when administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses".
    *   Actually, looking at standard WordNet mappings:
        *   `dose%1:06:00` is the most common sense for "a dose of medicine".
        *   `dose%1:23:00` is often used for radiation or toxicological doses.
    *   Given the context of a medicine (Cerenia), Sense 1 is the most appropriate.

    *   Sense 1: "a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time"
    *   Sense 3: "the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time"
    *   Cerenia is a medicine. "Recommended doses" refers to the measured portions.

    *   Wait, let me double-check if there's a nuance I'm missing.
    *   "Dosage" (the rate/amount over time) vs "Dose" (the single amount).
    *   The sentence says "at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses".
    *   This is slightly redundant phrasing ("dosages... doses"), but it clearly refers to the amount of medicine.
    *   Sense 1 is the standard "medicine" sense.

    *   Sense 1: medicine portion.
    *   Sense 2: LSD.
    *   Sense 3: active agent/radiation quantity.
    *   Sense 4: STD.
    *   Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: extended
Target surface form: extended
Context:
The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting. What is the risk associated with Cerenia? Cerenia was generally well tolerated when administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses for an <t>extended</t> period of time (up to 3 times the recommended maximum duration of treatment). What are the precautions for the person who gives the medicine or comes into contact with the animal?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=extended%5:00:00:figurative:00 | definition=beyond the literal or primary sense | examples=`hot off the press' shows an extended sense of `hot'
2. sense_key=extended%3:00:00:: | definition=fully extended or stretched forth | examples=an extended telescope; his extended legs reached almost across the small room
3. sense_key=extended%5:00:00:long:02 | definition=relatively long in duration; tediously protracted | synonyms=drawn-out, lengthy, prolonged, protracted | examples=a drawn-out argument; an extended discussion
4. sense_key=extended%5:00:00:large:00 | definition=large in spatial extent or range or scope or quantity | synonyms=extensive | examples=an extensive Roman settlement in northwest England; extended farm lands
5. sense_key=extended%5:00:00:long:01 | definition=drawn out or made longer spatially | synonyms=elongated, lengthened, prolonged | examples=Picasso's elongated Don Quixote; lengthened skirts are fashionable this year

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "extended"
    *   Target surface form: "extended"
    *   Context: "...Cerenia was generally well tolerated when administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses for an <t>extended</t> period of time (up to 3 times the recommended maximum duration of treatment)."

    *   Sense 1: figurative (beyond literal sense) - Not applicable.
    *   Sense 2: fully extended or stretched forth (physical stretching) - Not applicable.
    *   Sense 3: relatively long in duration; tediously protracted (synonyms: drawn-out, lengthy, prolonged, protracted) - Fits "period of time".
    *   Sense 4: large in spatial extent or range or scope or quantity (synonyms: extensive) - Usually refers to space or scope, not time.
    *   Sense 5: drawn out or made longer spatially (synonyms: elongated, lengthened, prolonged) - Refers to spatial length.

    *   The phrase is "an extended period of time".
    *   This refers to duration.
    *   Sense 3 specifically mentions "relatively long in duration".

    *   Sense 3 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: duration
Target surface form: duration
Context:
The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting. What is the risk associated with Cerenia? Cerenia was generally well tolerated when administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses for an extended period of time (up to 3 times the recommended maximum <t>duration</t> of treatment). What are the precautions for the person who gives the medicine or comes into contact with the animal?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=duration%1:07:00:: | definition=continuance in time | synonyms=length | examples=the ceremony was of short duration; he complained about the length of time required
2. sense_key=duration%1:28:02:: | definition=the period of time during which something continues | synonyms=continuance
3. sense_key=duration%1:28:00:: | definition=the property of enduring or continuing in time | synonyms=continuance

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `duration`
    *   Target surface form: `duration`
    *   Context: "...Cerenia was generally well tolerated when administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses for an extended period of time (up to 3 times the recommended maximum <t>duration</t> of treatment)."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `duration%1:07:00::`: continuance in time (synonym: length; example: "the ceremony was of short duration")
        2.  `duration%1:28:02::`: the period of time during which something continues (synonym: continuance)
        3.  `duration%1:28:00::`: the property of enduring or continuing in time (synonym: continuance)

    *   The phrase is "recommended maximum duration of treatment".
    *   This refers to the specific length of time (e.g., 5 days, 2 weeks) that the treatment should last.

    *   Sense 1: "continuance in time" / "length". Example: "the ceremony was of short duration". This fits well. It describes the length of the treatment.
    *   Sense 2: "the period of time during which something continues". This also fits well. The "duration of treatment" is the period of time the treatment continues.
    *   Sense 3: "the property of enduring or continuing in time". This is more abstract (the *quality* of lasting). This doesn't fit as well as 1 or 2.

    *   Sense 1 focuses on the *length* (the measure of time).
    *   Sense 2 focuses on the *period* (the span of time).
    *   In "maximum duration of treatment", we are talking about the maximum *length* of time allowed.
    *   Looking at WordNet's typical distinctions:
        *   `duration%1:07:00` (length) is often used for the measure of time.
        *   `duration%1:28:02` (period) is the actual span.
    *   Let's re-examine the examples for Sense 1: "the ceremony was of short duration". This is very similar to "maximum duration of treatment".
    *   Let's re-examine Sense 2: "the period of time during which something continues".
    *   Often, "duration" meaning "length of time" is mapped to the sense that emphasizes the measure.
    *   Comparing "length" (Sense 1) vs "period" (Sense 2).
    *   "Maximum duration" usually refers to the maximum *length* of time.

    *   Sense 1: `duration%1:07:00` (continuance in time / length)
    *   Sense 2: `duration%1:28:02` (the period of time during which something continues)
    *   Sense 3: `duration%1:28:00` (the property of enduring)

    In medical contexts, "duration of treatment" refers to the length of time the patient is on the medication. This aligns most closely with the "length" aspect of Sense 1.

    Wait, let me double-check the WordNet distinctions.
    Sense 1: `duration%1:07:00` (continuance in time) - synonyms: length.
    Sense 2: `duration%1:28:02` (the period of time during which something continues) - synonyms: continuance.

    Actually, "the period of time during which something continues" (Sense 2) is a very precise definition for "duration of treatment".

    Let's look at the examples again.
    Sense 1: "the ceremony was of short duration".
    Sense 2: (no example provided in the prompt, but definition is "the period of time during which something continues").

    If I say "the duration of the movie was 2 hours", I am referring to the period of time (Sense 2) or the length (Sense 1)?
    Usually, "duration" as a noun meaning "the length of time" is Sense 1 in some versions of WordNet, but Sense 2 is "the period of time".

    Let's look at the provided synonyms:
    Sense 1: length
    Sense 2: continuance

    "Maximum length of treatment" vs "Maximum continuance of treatment". "Length" is much more natural.

    Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: treatment
Target surface form: treatment
Context:
The results of the studies showed that Cerenia was more effective than the placebo: less vomiting was seen in dogs that received the medicine than in dogs that received a placebo, both in the treatment or in the prevention of vomiting. The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting. What is the risk associated with Cerenia? Cerenia was generally well tolerated when administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses for an extended period of time (up to 3 times the recommended maximum duration of <t>treatment</t>). What are the precautions for the person who gives the medicine or comes into contact with the animal?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=treatment%1:04:00:: | definition=care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury) | synonyms=intervention
2. sense_key=treatment%1:10:00:: | definition=an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic | synonyms=discussion, discourse | examples=the book contains an excellent discussion of modal logic; his treatment of the race question is badly biased
3. sense_key=treatment%1:04:01:: | definition=the management of someone or something | synonyms=handling | examples=the handling of prisoners; the treatment of water sewage
4. sense_key=treatment%1:07:00:: | definition=a manner of dealing with something artistically | examples=his treatment of space borrows from Italian architecture

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "treatment"
    *   Target surface form: "treatment"
    *   Context: The text discusses the use of a medicine (Cerenia) to treat vomiting in dogs. It mentions "treatment or in the prevention of vomiting," "treatment of a vomiting dog," "follow-up treatment," "treatment of vomiting," and "maximum duration of treatment."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `treatment%1:04:00`: care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury). Synonyms: intervention.
        2.  `treatment%1:10:00`: an extended communication dealing with some particular topic. Synonyms: discussion, discourse.
        3.  `treatment%1:04:01`: the management of someone or something. Synonyms: handling.
        4.  `treatment%1:07:00`: a manner of dealing with something artistically.

    *   The context is clearly medical/veterinary.
    *   "Cerenia was more effective than the placebo"
    *   "treatment or in the prevention of vomiting"
    *   "treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection"
    *   "follow-up treatment"
    *   "maximum duration of treatment"
    *   All these phrases refer to medical care/intervention to relieve an illness (vomiting).

    *   Sense 1: Medical care/intervention. (Perfect fit)
    *   Sense 2: Communication/discussion. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 3: Management/handling. (Too general, though medical treatment is a form of management, Sense 1 is specific to medical care).
    *   Sense 4: Artistic dealing. (Incorrect)

    *   The best sense is Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: precaution
Target surface form: precautions
Context:
The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting. What is the risk associated with Cerenia? Cerenia was generally well tolerated when administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses for an extended period of time (up to 3 times the recommended maximum duration of treatment). What are the <t>precautions</t> for the person who gives the medicine or comes into contact with the animal? Cerenia does not represent a particular risk for people.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=precaution%1:07:00:: | definition=the trait of practicing caution in advance
2. sense_key=precaution%1:09:00:: | definition=judiciousness in avoiding harm or danger | synonyms=caution, care, forethought | examples=he exercised caution in opening the door; he handled the vase with care
3. sense_key=precaution%1:04:00:: | definition=a precautionary measure warding off impending danger or damage or injury etc. | synonyms=safeguard, guard | examples=he put an ice pack on the injury as a precaution; an insurance policy is a good safeguard

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `precaution`
    *   Target surface form: `precautions`
    *   Context: "What are the <t>precautions</t> for the person who gives the medicine or comes into contact with the animal? Cerenia does not represent a particular risk for people."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `precaution%1:07:00::`: the trait of practicing caution in advance (a personality trait/habit).
        2.  `precaution%1:09:00::`: judiciousness in avoiding harm or danger (the act of being careful).
        3.  `precaution%1:04:00::`: a precautionary measure warding off impending danger or damage or injury etc. (a specific action or safeguard).

    *   The sentence asks "What are the precautions for the person who gives the medicine...?"
    *   In medical or safety contexts, "precautions" usually refers to specific steps, measures, or guidelines one should follow to avoid risk (e.g., wearing gloves, washing hands).
    *   The answer "Cerenia does not represent a particular risk for people" implies that no specific *measures* (precautions) are necessary.

    *   Sense 1 (trait): Not a trait of the person.
    *   Sense 2 (judiciousness): Not asking about the person's level of care/caution, but rather what specific things they should do.
    *   Sense 3 (precautionary measure): This fits perfectly. "Precautions" here means "precautionary measures" (safeguards) to avoid harm.

    *   Sense 3 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: person
Target surface form: person
Context:
The treatment of a vomiting dog should be started with the injection, since vomiting animals might not be able to keep a tablet down (as they might throw the intact tablet up again). For follow-up treatment, the animal owner can administer the tablets to the dog. Also, the treatment of vomiting should only be together with other supportive measure or other veterinary therapy while addressing the underlying causes of the vomiting. What is the risk associated with Cerenia? Cerenia was generally well tolerated when administered daily at dosages up to 5 times the recommended doses for an extended period of time (up to 3 times the recommended maximum duration of treatment). What are the precautions for the <t>person</t> who gives the medicine or comes into contact with the animal? Cerenia does not represent a particular risk for people.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=person%1:08:00:: | definition=a human body (usually including the clothing) | examples=a weapon was hidden on his person
2. sense_key=person%1:10:00:: | definition=a grammatical category used in the classification of pronouns, possessive determiners, and verb forms according to whether they indicate the speaker, the addressee, or a third party | examples=stop talking about yourself in the third person
3. sense_key=person%1:03:00:: | definition=a human being | synonyms=individual, someone, somebody, mortal, soul | examples=there was too much for one person to do

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `person`
    *   Target surface form: `person`
    *   Context: "What are the precautions for the <t>person</t> who gives the medicine or comes into contact with the animal?"
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `person%1:08:00::`: a human body (usually including the clothing)
        2.  `person%1:10:00::`: a grammatical category...
        3.  `person%1:03:00::`: a human being (synonyms: individual, someone, somebody)

    *   The sentence asks about precautions for the "person who gives the medicine".
    *   This refers to a human being who is administering medication to a dog.

    *   Sense 1 (human body) is too specific/physical (e.g., "on his person").
    *   Sense 2 (grammatical category) is completely irrelevant.
    *   Sense 3 (human being) fits perfectly.

    *   The best sense is index 3.