[User]
Which numbered sense of "court" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: It's nothing new: The two justices have been attending Federalist Society events for years. And it's nothing that runs afoul of ethics rules. In fact, justices are exempt from the Code of Conduct that governs the actions of lower federal justices. If they were, they arguably fell under code's Canon 4C, which states, "A judge may attend fund-raising events of law-related and other organizations although the judge may not be a speaker, a guest of honor, or featured on the program of such an event." Nevertheless, the sheer proximity of Scalia and Thomas to two of the law firms in the case, as well as to a company with a massive financial interest, was enough to alarm ethics-in-government activists. "This stunning breach of ethics and indifference to the code belies claims by several justices that the <t>court</t> abides by the same rules that apply to all other federal judges," said Bob Edgar, the president of Common Cause. "The justices were wining and dining at a black-tie fundraiser with attorneys who have pending cases before the court."

Senses:
1. definition=an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business | synonyms=tribunal, judicature
2. definition=a room in which a lawcourt sits | synonyms=courtroom | examples=television cameras were admitted in the courtroom
3. definition=the sovereign and his advisers who are the governing power of a state | synonyms=royal court
4. definition=a specially marked horizontal area within which a game is played | examples=players had to reserve a court in advance
5. definition=Australian woman tennis player who won many major championships (born in 1947) | synonyms=Margaret Court
6. definition=the family and retinue of a sovereign or prince | synonyms=royal court
7. definition=a hotel for motorists; provides direct access from rooms to parking area | synonyms=motor hotel, motor inn, motor lodge, tourist court
8. definition=a tribunal that is presided over by a magistrate or by one or more judges who administer justice according to the laws | synonyms=lawcourt, court of law, court of justice
9. definition=the residence of a sovereign or nobleman | examples=the king will visit the duke's court
10. definition=an area wholly or partly surrounded by walls or buildings | synonyms=courtyard | examples=the house was built around an inner court
11. definition=respectful deference | synonyms=homage | examples=pay court to the emperor

reasoning_content:
*   Context: A passage discussing justices, the Federalist Society, ethics rules, and the Code of Conduct for federal judges.
    *   Target word: "court" (used twice: "...claims by several justices that the <t>court</t> abides by the same rules..." and "...attorneys who have pending cases before the court.")
    *   Meaning in context: The "court" refers to the judicial body (specifically the Supreme Court, given the mention of "justices" and "federal judges").

    *   1. an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business | synonyms=tribunal, judicature
    *   2. a room in which a lawcourt sits | synonyms=courtroom
    *   3. the sovereign and his advisers who are the governing power of a state | synonyms=royal court
    *   4. a specially marked horizontal area within which a game is played
    *   5. Australian woman tennis player (Margaret Court)
    *   6. the family and retinue of a sovereign or prince | synonyms=royal court
    *   7. a hotel for motorists (motor court)
    *   8. a tribunal that is presided over by a magistrate or by one or more judges who administer justice according to the laws | synonyms=lawcourt, court of law, court of justice
    *   9. the residence of a sovereign or nobleman
    *   10. an area wholly or partly surrounded by walls or buildings | synonyms=courtyard
    *   11. respectful deference | synonyms=homage

    *   Sense 1: "an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business"
    *   Sense 8: "a tribunal that is presided over by a magistrate or by one or more judges who administer justice according to the laws"

    *   Sense 1 focuses on the *assembly* (the act of meeting/conducting business).
    *   Sense 8 focuses on the *tribunal* (the institution/entity that administers justice).
    *   In the context "the court abides by the same rules" and "cases before the court," it refers to the institution/body of the court.
    *   Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 8: Sense 8 is the more standard definition for the judicial institution (the court of law). Sense 1 is very similar, but "tribunal" in Sense 8 is a strong synonym for the institution.
    *   Let's look at the synonyms:
        *   Sense 1: tribunal, judicature
        *   Sense 8: lawcourt, court of law, court of justice
    *   In the context of "the court abides by the same rules," it refers to the institution (the Supreme Court). Sense 8 fits best as the general term for a court of law.

    *   Wait, let me re-read Sense 1: "an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business".
    *   Sense 8: "a tribunal that is presided over by a magistrate or by one or more judges who administer justice according to the laws".
    *   Both are very close. However, "the court" in "the court abides by the same rules" usually refers to the institution (Sense 8).

    *   Sense 1: assembly to conduct business.
    *   Sense 8: tribunal that administers justice.
    *   The context is about the Supreme Court as an institution and its adherence to ethics rules. Sense 8 is the most comprehensive definition for a "court of law".

    *   Sense 1: assembly... to conduct judicial business.
    *   Sense 8: tribunal... who administer justice according to the laws.
    *   Usually, in these types of NLP tasks (like WordNet-based disambiguation), Sense 8 is the primary definition for the legal institution.

    *   "the court abides by the same rules" -> The institution.
    *   "cases before the court" -> The institution.
    *   Sense 8: "a tribunal that is presided over by a magistrate or by one or more judges who administer justice according to the laws". This fits perfectly.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[User]
Which numbered sense of "rule" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: It's nothing new: The two justices have been attending Federalist Society events for years. And it's nothing that runs afoul of ethics rules. In fact, justices are exempt from the Code of Conduct that governs the actions of lower federal justices. If they were, they arguably fell under code's Canon 4C, which states, "A judge may attend fund-raising events of law-related and other organizations although the judge may not be a speaker, a guest of honor, or featured on the program of such an event." Nevertheless, the sheer proximity of Scalia and Thomas to two of the law firms in the case, as well as to a company with a massive financial interest, was enough to alarm ethics-in-government activists. "This stunning breach of ethics and indifference to the code belies claims by several justices that the court abides by the same <t>rules</t> that apply to all other federal judges," said Bob Edgar, the president of Common Cause. "The justices were wining and dining at a black-tie fundraiser with attorneys who have pending cases before the court."

Senses:
1. definition=a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior | synonyms=regulation | examples=it was his rule to take a walk before breakfast; short haircuts were the regulation
2. definition=something regarded as a normative example | synonyms=convention, normal, pattern, formula | examples=the convention of not naming the main character; violence is the rule not the exception
3. definition=prescribed guide for conduct or action | synonyms=prescript
4. definition=(linguistics) a rule describing (or prescribing) a linguistic practice | synonyms=linguistic rule
5. definition=a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct | synonyms=principle | examples=their principles of composition characterized all their works
6. definition=the duration of a monarch's or government's power | examples=during the rule of Elizabeth
7. definition=dominance or power through legal authority | synonyms=dominion | examples=France held undisputed dominion over vast areas of Africa; the rule of Caesar
8. definition=directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted | examples=he knew the rules of chess
9. definition=any one of a systematic body of regulations defining the way of life of members of a religious order | examples=the rule of St. Dominic
10. definition=a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the function of a complex system | synonyms=principle | examples=the principle of the conservation of mass; the principle of jet propulsion
11. definition=(mathematics) a standard procedure for solving a class of mathematical problems | synonyms=formula | examples=he determined the upper bound with Descartes' rule of signs; he gave us a general formula for attacking polynomials
12. definition=measuring stick consisting of a strip of wood or metal or plastic with a straight edge that is used for drawing straight lines and measuring lengths | synonyms=ruler

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...belies claims by several justices that the court abides by the same <t>rules</t> that apply to all other federal judges..."
    *   The context discusses "ethics rules," "Code of Conduct," and "Canon 4C."
    *   The word "rules" refers to the regulations or prescriptions governing the conduct of federal judges.

    *   Sense 1: "a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior" (synonym: regulation).
    *   Sense 2: "something regarded as a normative example" (synonym: convention).
    *   Sense 3: "prescribed guide for conduct or action" (synonym: prescript).
    *   Sense 4: "linguistics rule."
    *   Sense 5: "basic generalization... basis for reasoning or conduct" (synonym: principle).
    *   Sense 6: "duration of a monarch's or government's power."
    *   Sense 7: "dominance or power through legal authority."
    *   Sense 8: "directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted."
    *   Sense 9: "regulations defining the way of life of members of a religious order."
    *   Sense 10: "rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon."
    *   Sense 11: "mathematics standard procedure."
    *   Sense 12: "measuring stick."

    *   The context is about legal/ethical regulations for judges.
    *   Sense 1 (regulation) and Sense 3 (prescribed guide for conduct or action) are very close.
    *   Let's look closer at Sense 1: "a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior | synonyms=regulation | examples=it was his rule to take a walk before breakfast; short haircuts were the regulation".
    *   Let's look closer at Sense 3: "prescribed guide for conduct or action | synonyms=prescript".
    *   In the context of "ethics rules" and "Code of Conduct," these are formal, prescribed guides for conduct.
    *   Wait, let's re-evaluate Sense 1 vs Sense 3.
    *   Sense 1 often refers to personal habits ("his rule to take a walk") or general regulations ("short haircuts were the regulation").
    *   Sense 3 is a "prescribed guide for conduct or action."
    *   Actually, looking at common dictionary definitions (like WordNet, which these senses seem to be from), "regulation" (Sense 1) and "prescript" (Sense 3) are distinct.
    *   Let's re-read the context: "ethics rules", "Code of Conduct", "Canon 4C". These are formal regulations.
    *   Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 3 again:
        *   Sense 1: "a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior" (regulation).
        *   Sense 3: "prescribed guide for conduct or action" (prescript).
    *   In many contexts, "rules" meaning regulations is mapped to Sense 1. Let's check the examples for Sense 1: "short haircuts were the regulation". This is a formal rule.
    *   Let's check Sense 3 again: "prescribed guide for conduct or action".
    *   Actually, looking at the provided senses, Sense 1 specifically lists "regulation" as a synonym. "Ethics rules" are regulations.

    *   Sense 1: regulation.
    *   Sense 3: prescript.
    *   Sense 5: principle.
    *   Sense 8: game rules.
    *   The context is about the "Code of Conduct" and "ethics rules." These are regulations governing professional behavior.
    *   Sense 1 fits "regulation" perfectly.

    *   Wait, let me double-check if Sense 3 is a better fit. "Prescribed guide for conduct or action."
    *   Looking at WordNet (the likely source):
        *   rule (1): a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior.
        *   rule (3): prescribed guide for conduct or action.
    *   Actually, in many WordNet-based datasets, "regulation" is associated with Sense 1.
    *   Let's re-read the examples for Sense 1: "it was his rule to take a walk before breakfast" (personal rule), "short haircuts were the regulation" (institutional rule).
    *   The "Code of Conduct" is an institutional rule/regulation.

    *   Sense 1: "a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior | synonyms=regulation"
    *   Sense 3: "prescribed guide for conduct or action | synonyms=prescript"
    *   "Ethics rules" are regulations. "Regulation" is explicitly listed as a synonym for Sense 1.

    *   Is it Sense 1 or Sense 3?
    *   Sense 1: "a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior"
    *   Sense 3: "prescribed guide for conduct or action"
    *   In the context of a "Code of Conduct," it is a prescribed guide for conduct.
    *   However, "regulation" (Sense 1) is a very strong synonym for "ethics rules."
    *   Let's look at the examples again. "Short haircuts were the regulation" (Sense 1). This is a formal rule imposed by an authority.
    *   The "Code of Conduct" is a formal rule imposed by an authority.

    *   Wait, let me search for these specific WordNet definitions.
    *   WordNet rule.n.01: a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior.
    *   WordNet rule.n.03: prescribed guide for conduct or action.
    *   Looking at how these are typically used in NLP tasks (like the Word Sense Disambiguation tasks), "regulation" often points to Sense 1.

    *   Let's re-read the context one more time. "the court abides by the same rules that apply to all other federal judges".
    *   These are the "ethics rules" mentioned earlier.
    *   Sense 1: "a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior | synonyms=regulation".
    *   Sense 3: "prescribed guide for conduct or action | synonyms=prescript".
    *   A "prescript" is often a more formal, written rule. A "regulation" is also a formal rule.
    *   Given the synonym "regulation" in Sense 1, and the context "ethics rules," Sense 1 seems very plausible.

    *   Let's double-check Sense 3 again. "prescribed guide for conduct or action".
    *   If I have to choose between "regulation" and "prescript," "regulation" is more common for "ethics rules."

    *   Wait, let me look at the examples for Sense 1 again: "it was his rule to take a walk before breakfast". This is a personal habit. "short haircuts were the regulation". This is a formal rule.
    *   Sense 3 doesn't have examples.
    *   Let's think about "prescript." A prescript is a rule that must be followed.
    *   Actually, in many contexts, Sense 1 is the most general sense for "rule" as in "regulation."

    *   Let's try to see if there's any other sense.
    *   Sense 5: "basic generalization... basis for reasoning or conduct" (principle).
    *   Sense 8: "directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted".
    *   No, it's definitely 1 or 3.

    *   Let's re-examine Sense 1: "a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior | synonyms=regulation".
    *   Let's re-examine Sense 3: "prescribed guide for conduct or action | synonyms=prescript".
    *   "Ethics rules" are regulations. "Regulation" is the synonym for Sense 1.

    *   Let's search for "prescript" vs "regulation".
    *   A regulation is a rule made and maintained by an authority.
    *   A prescript is an authoritative rule.
    *   They are very similar. But "regulation" is a much more common word for "ethics rules."

    *   Let's look at the context again: "ethics rules", "Code of Conduct", "Canon 4C". These are all regulations.

    *   Final check:
        Sense 1: regulation.
        Sense 3: prescript.
        Context: "ethics rules", "Code of Conduct".
        Conclusion: Sense 1.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[User]
Which numbered sense of "president" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: It's nothing new: The two justices have been attending Federalist Society events for years. And it's nothing that runs afoul of ethics rules. In fact, justices are exempt from the Code of Conduct that governs the actions of lower federal justices. If they were, they arguably fell under code's Canon 4C, which states, "A judge may attend fund-raising events of law-related and other organizations although the judge may not be a speaker, a guest of honor, or featured on the program of such an event." Nevertheless, the sheer proximity of Scalia and Thomas to two of the law firms in the case, as well as to a company with a massive financial interest, was enough to alarm ethics-in-government activists. "This stunning breach of ethics and indifference to the code belies claims by several justices that the court abides by the same rules that apply to all other federal judges," said Bob Edgar, the <t>president</t> of Common Cause. "The justices were wining and dining at a black-tie fundraiser with attorneys who have pending cases before the court."

Senses:
1. definition=an executive officer of a firm or corporation
2. definition=the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government | synonyms=President of the United States, United States President, Chief Executive | examples=the President likes to jog every morning
3. definition=the chief executive of a republic
4. definition=the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization | synonyms=chairman, chairwoman, chair, chairperson | examples=address your remarks to the chairperson
5. definition=the head administrative officer of a college or university | synonyms=prexy
6. definition=the office of the United States head of state | synonyms=President of the United States, Chief Executive | examples=a President is elected every four years

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...said Bob Edgar, the <t>president</t> of Common Cause."
    *   Target word: "president"
    *   Entity associated: "Common Cause" (an organization/non-profit).

    *   Sense 1: Executive officer of a firm or corporation. (Common Cause is a non-profit organization, not necessarily a "firm or corporation" in the commercial sense, but close).
    *   Sense 2: Head of state of the US government. (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 3: Chief executive of a republic. (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 4: The officer who presides at the meetings of an organization (synonyms: chairman, chairwoman, chair, chairperson). (Common Cause is an organization).
    *   Sense 5: Head administrative officer of a college or university. (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 6: The office of the US head of state. (Incorrect).

    *   Common Cause is a non-partisan watchdog organization.
    *   Bob Edgar is the leader/head of this organization.
    *   Sense 1 refers to a "firm or corporation".
    *   Sense 4 refers to the "officer who presides at the meetings of an organization".

    *   In many dictionaries, "president" of a non-profit or association falls under the "officer of an organization" definition.
    *   Sense 4 specifically mentions "organization".
    *   Sense 1 mentions "firm or corporation".
    *   Common Cause is an organization.

    *   Sense 4: "the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization". This fits the role of the head of a non-profit like Common Cause.

    *   Wait, let me double-check Sense 1 vs Sense 4.
    *   Sense 1: "an executive officer of a firm or corporation".
    *   Sense 4: "the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization".
    *   Common Cause is a 501(c)(4) organization.
    *   Usually, the "President" of such an organization is the chief executive.
    *   Looking at the synonyms for Sense 4: "chairman, chairwoman, chair, chairperson".
    *   Looking at the definition of Sense 1: "executive officer".
    *   Often, "President" of a non-profit is the executive leader.
    *   However, "organization" in Sense 4 is a broader term that encompasses non-profits.
    *   Let's re-read Sense 4: "the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization".
    *   Let's re-read Sense 1: "an executive officer of a firm or corporation".
    *   Common Cause is an organization. Bob Edgar is the head of it.
    *   In the context of "President of [Organization Name]", Sense 4 is the most standard fit for non-corporate entities.

    *   Sense 1: Firm/Corporation.
    *   Sense 4: Organization.
    *   Common Cause = Organization.

    *   Result: 4.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "justice" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: And it's nothing that runs afoul of ethics rules. In fact, justices are exempt from the Code of Conduct that governs the actions of lower federal justices. If they were, they arguably fell under code's Canon 4C, which states, "A judge may attend fund-raising events of law-related and other organizations although the judge may not be a speaker, a guest of honor, or featured on the program of such an event." Nevertheless, the sheer proximity of Scalia and Thomas to two of the law firms in the case, as well as to a company with a massive financial interest, was enough to alarm ethics-in-government activists. "This stunning breach of ethics and indifference to the code belies claims by several justices that the court abides by the same rules that apply to all other federal judges," said Bob Edgar, the president of Common Cause. "The <t>justices</t> were wining and dining at a black-tie fundraiser with attorneys who have pending cases before the court." Their appearance and assistance in fundraising for this event undercuts any claims of impartiality, and is unacceptable.

Senses:
1. definition=the quality of being just or fair | synonyms=justness
2. definition=judgment involved in the determination of rights and the assignment of rewards and punishments
3. definition=a public official authorized to decide questions brought before a court of justice | synonyms=judge, jurist
4. definition=the United States federal department responsible for enforcing federal laws (including the enforcement of all civil rights legislation); created in 1870 | synonyms=Department of Justice, Justice Department, DoJ

reasoning_content:
*   Context: A passage discussing ethics rules for "justices" (specifically mentioning Scalia, Thomas, and the court).
    *   Target word: "justices" (marked with `<t></t>`).
    *   Sentence: "The <t>justices</t> were wining and dining at a black-tie fundraiser with attorneys who have pending cases before the court."

    *   Sense 1: the quality of being just or fair (Abstract noun).
    *   Sense 2: judgment involved in the determination of rights... (Abstract noun).
    *   Sense 3: a public official authorized to decide questions brought before a court of justice | synonyms=judge, jurist (Person/Role).
    *   Sense 4: the United States federal department... (Organization).

    *   The context mentions "justices are exempt from the Code of Conduct", "Scalia and Thomas", "claims by several justices that the court abides by the same rules", and "The justices were wining and dining".
    *   The word "justices" refers to people (specifically judges of a high court, like the Supreme Court).
    *   This matches Sense 3: "a public official authorized to decide questions brought before a court of justice".

    *   Sense 1: No (not a quality).
    *   Sense 2: No (not a judgment process).
    *   Sense 3: Yes (refers to the judges).
    *   Sense 4: No (not the Department of Justice).


[User]
Which numbered sense of "fundraiser" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: And it's nothing that runs afoul of ethics rules. In fact, justices are exempt from the Code of Conduct that governs the actions of lower federal justices. If they were, they arguably fell under code's Canon 4C, which states, "A judge may attend fund-raising events of law-related and other organizations although the judge may not be a speaker, a guest of honor, or featured on the program of such an event." Nevertheless, the sheer proximity of Scalia and Thomas to two of the law firms in the case, as well as to a company with a massive financial interest, was enough to alarm ethics-in-government activists. "This stunning breach of ethics and indifference to the code belies claims by several justices that the court abides by the same rules that apply to all other federal judges," said Bob Edgar, the president of Common Cause. "The justices were wining and dining at a black-tie <t>fundraiser</t> with attorneys who have pending cases before the court." Their appearance and assistance in fundraising for this event undercuts any claims of impartiality, and is unacceptable.

Senses:
1. definition=someone who solicits financial contributions
2. definition=a social function that is held for the purpose of raising money

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...The justices were wining and dining at a black-tie <t>fundraiser</t> with attorneys who have pending cases before the court."
    *   Target word: "fundraiser"
    *   Senses:
        1.  someone who solicits financial contributions (person)
        2.  a social function that is held for the purpose of raising money (event)

    *   The phrase is "a black-tie fundraiser".
    *   "Black-tie" is an adjective describing a dress code for an event.
    *   "Wining and dining at a..." implies a location or an event.
    *   Therefore, "fundraiser" in this context refers to the event, not the person.

    *   Sense 1: Person (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Social function/event (Correct)


[User]
Which numbered sense of "case" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: And it's nothing that runs afoul of ethics rules. In fact, justices are exempt from the Code of Conduct that governs the actions of lower federal justices. If they were, they arguably fell under code's Canon 4C, which states, "A judge may attend fund-raising events of law-related and other organizations although the judge may not be a speaker, a guest of honor, or featured on the program of such an event." Nevertheless, the sheer proximity of Scalia and Thomas to two of the law firms in the case, as well as to a company with a massive financial interest, was enough to alarm ethics-in-government activists. "This stunning breach of ethics and indifference to the code belies claims by several justices that the court abides by the same rules that apply to all other federal judges," said Bob Edgar, the president of Common Cause. "The justices were wining and dining at a black-tie fundraiser with attorneys who have pending <t>cases</t> before the court." Their appearance and assistance in fundraising for this event undercuts any claims of impartiality, and is unacceptable.

Senses:
1. definition=an occurrence of something | synonyms=instance, example | examples=it was a case of bad judgment; another instance occurred yesterday
2. definition=a special set of circumstances | synonyms=event | examples=in that event, the first possibility is excluded; it may rain in which case the picnic will be canceled
3. definition=a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy | synonyms=lawsuit, suit, cause, causa | examples=the family brought suit against the landlord
4. definition=the actual state of things | examples=that was not the case
5. definition=a portable container for carrying several objects | examples=the musicians left their instrument cases backstage
6. definition=a person requiring professional services | examples=a typical case was the suburban housewife described by a marriage counselor
7. definition=a person who is subjected to experimental or other observational procedures; someone who is an object of investigation | synonyms=subject, guinea pig | examples=the subjects for this investigation were selected randomly; the cases that we studied were drawn from two different communities
8. definition=a problem requiring investigation | examples=Perry Mason solved the case of the missing heir
9. definition=a statement of facts and reasons used to support an argument | examples=he stated his case clearly
10. definition=the quantity contained in a case | synonyms=caseful
11. definition=nouns or pronouns or adjectives (often marked by inflection) related in some way to other words in a sentence | synonyms=grammatical case
12. definition=a specific state of mind that is temporary | examples=a case of the jitters
13. definition=a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities) | synonyms=character, eccentric, type | examples=a real character; a strange character
14. definition=a specific size and style of type within a type family | synonyms=font, fount, typeface, face
15. definition=an enveloping structure or covering enclosing an animal or plant organ or part | synonyms=sheath
16. definition=the housing or outer covering of something | synonyms=shell, casing | examples=the clock has a walnut case
17. definition=the enclosing frame around a door or window opening | synonyms=casing | examples=the casings had rotted away and had to be replaced
18. definition=(printing) the receptacle in which a compositor has his type, which is divided into compartments for the different letters, spaces, or numbers | synonyms=compositor's case, typesetter's case | examples=for English, a compositor will ordinarily have two such cases, the upper case containing the capitals and the lower case containing the small letters
19. definition=bed linen consisting of a cover for a pillow | synonyms=pillowcase, slip, pillow slip | examples=the burglar carried his loot in a pillowcase
20. definition=a glass container used to store and display items in a shop or museum or home | synonyms=display case, showcase, vitrine

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...attorneys who have pending <t>cases</t> before the court."
    *   Key words: "attorneys", "pending", "before the court".
    *   Meaning: The word "cases" refers to legal proceedings or lawsuits being heard by a court.

    *   1: occurrence/instance (e.g., case of bad judgment) - No.
    *   2: special set of circumstances (e.g., in which case) - No.
    *   3: comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy (synonyms: lawsuit, suit, cause) - Yes.
    *   4: actual state of things (e.g., not the case) - No.
    *   5: portable container - No.
    *   6: person requiring professional services - No.
    *   7: person subjected to experimental procedures - No.
    *   8: problem requiring investigation (e.g., detective case) - Close, but "pending cases before the court" specifically refers to legal proceedings.
    *   9: statement of facts and reasons to support an argument - No.
    *   10: quantity in a case - No.
    *   11: grammatical case - No.
    *   12: state of mind (e.g., case of the jitters) - No.
    *   13: person of a specified kind (eccentric) - No.
    *   14: font/typeface - No.
    *   15: enveloping structure (organ/plant) - No.
    *   16: housing/outer covering - No.
    *   17: frame around door/window - No.
    *   18: printing receptacle - No.
    *   19: pillowcase - No.
    *   20: display case - No.

    *   Sense 3: "a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy | synonyms=lawsuit, suit, cause, causa"
    *   This matches "pending cases before the court" perfectly.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "court" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: And it's nothing that runs afoul of ethics rules. In fact, justices are exempt from the Code of Conduct that governs the actions of lower federal justices. If they were, they arguably fell under code's Canon 4C, which states, "A judge may attend fund-raising events of law-related and other organizations although the judge may not be a speaker, a guest of honor, or featured on the program of such an event." Nevertheless, the sheer proximity of Scalia and Thomas to two of the law firms in the case, as well as to a company with a massive financial interest, was enough to alarm ethics-in-government activists. "This stunning breach of ethics and indifference to the code belies claims by several justices that the court abides by the same rules that apply to all other federal judges," said Bob Edgar, the president of Common Cause. "The justices were wining and dining at a black-tie fundraiser with attorneys who have pending cases before the <t>court</t>." Their appearance and assistance in fundraising for this event undercuts any claims of impartiality, and is unacceptable.

Senses:
1. definition=an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business | synonyms=tribunal, judicature
2. definition=a room in which a lawcourt sits | synonyms=courtroom | examples=television cameras were admitted in the courtroom
3. definition=the sovereign and his advisers who are the governing power of a state | synonyms=royal court
4. definition=a specially marked horizontal area within which a game is played | examples=players had to reserve a court in advance
5. definition=Australian woman tennis player who won many major championships (born in 1947) | synonyms=Margaret Court
6. definition=the family and retinue of a sovereign or prince | synonyms=royal court
7. definition=a hotel for motorists; provides direct access from rooms to parking area | synonyms=motor hotel, motor inn, motor lodge, tourist court
8. definition=a tribunal that is presided over by a magistrate or by one or more judges who administer justice according to the laws | synonyms=lawcourt, court of law, court of justice
9. definition=the residence of a sovereign or nobleman | examples=the king will visit the duke's court
10. definition=an area wholly or partly surrounded by walls or buildings | synonyms=courtyard | examples=the house was built around an inner court
11. definition=respectful deference | synonyms=homage | examples=pay court to the emperor

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...attorneys who have pending cases before the <t>court</t>."
    *   Surrounding text mentions: "ethics rules," "justices," "Code of Conduct," "lower federal justices," "judge," "law firms," "impartiality," "federal judges."
    *   The word "court" refers to the judicial body where cases are heard and decided.

    *   1. an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business | synonyms=tribunal, judicature
    *   2. a room in which a lawcourt sits | synonyms=courtroom
    *   3. the sovereign and his advisers... | synonyms=royal court
    *   4. a specially marked horizontal area... (sports)
    *   5. Australian woman tennis player...
    *   6. the family and retinue of a sovereign...
    *   7. a hotel for motorists...
    *   8. a tribunal that is presided over by a magistrate or by one or more judges who administer justice according to the laws | synonyms=lawcourt, court of law, court of justice
    *   9. the residence of a sovereign or nobleman...
    *   10. an area wholly or partly surrounded by walls... (courtyard)
    *   11. respectful deference...

    *   Sense 1: "an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business"
    *   Sense 8: "a tribunal that is presided over by a magistrate or by one or more judges who administer justice according to the laws"

    *   Sense 1 focuses on the *assembly* of judges.
    *   Sense 8 focuses on the *tribunal* (the institution/body) that administers justice.
    *   In the phrase "pending cases before the court," "court" refers to the judicial institution/body (the Supreme Court, in this context, given the mention of "justices").
    *   Looking at the synonyms: Sense 1 (tribunal, judicature) vs Sense 8 (lawcourt, court of law, court of justice).
    *   Usually, "the court" in the context of "cases before the court" refers to the judicial body/institution.
    *   Let's re-examine Sense 1 and Sense 8.
        *   Sense 1: "an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business"
        *   Sense 8: "a tribunal that is presided over by a magistrate or by one or more judges who administer justice according to the laws"
    *   Both are very similar. However, Sense 8 is the more standard definition for a "court of law" as an institution. Sense 1 sounds more like the act of meeting or the specific group gathered.
    *   Wait, let's look at the context again: "the court abides by the same rules", "cases before the court". This refers to the institution.
    *   Comparing 1 and 8 again:
        1: assembly... to conduct judicial business.
        8: tribunal... who administer justice according to the laws.
    *   In many dictionaries (like WordNet, which these senses seem to be from), Sense 8 is the primary definition for a court of law.

    *   Sense 1: assembly (tribunal, judicature)
    *   Sense 8: tribunal (lawcourt, court of law, court of justice)
    *   "Cases before the court" almost always refers to the court of law (Sense 8).

    *   Sense 1: assembly (tribunal, judicature)
    *   Sense 8: tribunal (lawcourt, court of law, court of justice)
    *   Actually, looking at WordNet (the likely source), Sense 8 is the most common fit for "court of law". Sense 1 is often used for the specific session or the collective body of judges.
    *   Let's check the context again: "the court abides by the same rules", "cases before the court". This is the institution. Sense 8 fits "lawcourt, court of law" perfectly.

    *   Sense 1: assembly (tribunal, judicature)
    *   Sense 8: tribunal (lawcourt, court of law, court of justice)
    *   Wait, "tribunal" is listed in both.
    *   Let's look at the nuances. "Assembly" (1) vs "Tribunal that is presided over by a magistrate..." (8).
    *   "Cases before the court" refers to the legal entity. Sense 8 is the most precise definition for the legal entity known as a court of law.

    *   Sense 1: assembly (tribunal, judicature)
    *   Sense 8: tribunal (lawcourt, court of law, court of justice)
    *   In the context of "pending cases before the court," it refers to the judicial body. Sense 8 is the standard definition for a court of law.

    *   Sense 1: assembly (tribunal, judicature)
    *   Sense 8: tribunal (lawcourt, court of law, court of justice)
    *   Actually, looking at the provided senses again, Sense 8 is the most comprehensive definition for a court of law.

    *   Context: "cases before the court"
    *   Sense 8: "a tribunal that is presided over by a magistrate or by one or more judges who administer justice according to the laws"
    *   This fits perfectly.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "appearance" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: In fact, justices are exempt from the Code of Conduct that governs the actions of lower federal justices. If they were, they arguably fell under code's Canon 4C, which states, "A judge may attend fund-raising events of law-related and other organizations although the judge may not be a speaker, a guest of honor, or featured on the program of such an event." Nevertheless, the sheer proximity of Scalia and Thomas to two of the law firms in the case, as well as to a company with a massive financial interest, was enough to alarm ethics-in-government activists. "This stunning breach of ethics and indifference to the code belies claims by several justices that the court abides by the same rules that apply to all other federal judges," said Bob Edgar, the president of Common Cause. "The justices were wining and dining at a black-tie fundraiser with attorneys who have pending cases before the court." Their <t>appearance</t> and assistance in fundraising for this event undercuts any claims of impartiality, and is unacceptable. Scalia and Thomas have shown little regard for critics who say they too readily mix the business of the court with agenda-driven groups such as the Federalist Society.

Senses:
1. definition=outward or visible aspect of a person or thing | synonyms=visual aspect
2. definition=the event of coming into sight
3. definition=formal attendance (in court or at a hearing) of a party in an action | synonyms=appearing, coming into court
4. definition=a mental representation | examples=I tried to describe his appearance to the police
5. definition=the act of appearing in public view | examples=the rookie made a brief appearance in the first period; it was Bernhardt's last appearance in America
6. definition=pretending that something is the case in order to make a good impression | synonyms=show | examples=they try to keep up appearances; that ceremony is just for show

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Their <t>appearance</t> and assistance in fundraising for this event undercuts any claims of impartiality, and is unacceptable."
    *   The sentence refers to Scalia and Thomas attending a black-tie fundraiser with attorneys who have pending cases before the court.
    *   The word "appearance" is paired with "assistance in fundraising for this event."

    *   Sense 1: Outward or visible aspect (visual look). (Incorrect: Not about how they look physically).
    *   Sense 2: The event of coming into sight. (Incorrect: Not about suddenly appearing).
    *   Sense 3: Formal attendance in court. (Incorrect: This was a fundraiser, not a court hearing).
    *   Sense 4: A mental representation. (Incorrect: Not a memory or description).
    *   Sense 5: The act of appearing in public view (e.g., making a public appearance). (Correct: They attended a public/social event).
    *   Sense 6: Pretending/keeping up appearances. (Incorrect: Not about maintaining a facade, but about the fact that they were physically present).

    *   The text says they were "wining and dining at a black-tie fundraiser."
    *   "Their appearance [at the fundraiser] and assistance in fundraising..."
    *   This matches Sense 5: "the act of appearing in public view."


[User]
Which numbered sense of "assistance" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: In fact, justices are exempt from the Code of Conduct that governs the actions of lower federal justices. If they were, they arguably fell under code's Canon 4C, which states, "A judge may attend fund-raising events of law-related and other organizations although the judge may not be a speaker, a guest of honor, or featured on the program of such an event." Nevertheless, the sheer proximity of Scalia and Thomas to two of the law firms in the case, as well as to a company with a massive financial interest, was enough to alarm ethics-in-government activists. "This stunning breach of ethics and indifference to the code belies claims by several justices that the court abides by the same rules that apply to all other federal judges," said Bob Edgar, the president of Common Cause. "The justices were wining and dining at a black-tie fundraiser with attorneys who have pending cases before the court." Their appearance and <t>assistance</t> in fundraising for this event undercuts any claims of impartiality, and is unacceptable. Scalia and Thomas have shown little regard for critics who say they too readily mix the business of the court with agenda-driven groups such as the Federalist Society.

Senses:
1. definition=the activity of contributing to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose | synonyms=aid, assist, help | examples=he gave me an assist with the housework; could not walk without assistance
2. definition=a resource | synonyms=aid, help | examples=visual aids in teaching

reasoning_content:
*   Context: A passage discussing the ethics of Supreme Court justices (Scalia and Thomas) attending a fundraiser.
    *   Target word: "assistance" (marked with `<t></t>`).
    *   Sentence: "Their appearance and <t>assistance</t> in fundraising for this event undercuts any claims of impartiality, and is unacceptable."
    *   Senses provided:
        1.  The activity of contributing to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose (synonyms: aid, assist, help).
        2.  A resource (synonyms: aid, help).

    *   The sentence says "Their appearance and assistance in fundraising for this event..."
    *   "Assistance in fundraising" refers to the *act* of helping to raise funds.
    *   It describes an activity (helping/assisting) rather than a physical or conceptual resource (like a visual aid).

    *   Sense 1: "the activity of contributing to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose". This fits perfectly. Helping with fundraising is an activity contributing to the furtherance of the fundraiser's purpose.
    *   Sense 2: "a resource". This does not fit. The justices themselves aren't being described as a "resource" in the sense of a tool or aid (like a textbook or a map), but rather their *action* of helping.

    *   The correct sense is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "event" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: In fact, justices are exempt from the Code of Conduct that governs the actions of lower federal justices. If they were, they arguably fell under code's Canon 4C, which states, "A judge may attend fund-raising events of law-related and other organizations although the judge may not be a speaker, a guest of honor, or featured on the program of such an event." Nevertheless, the sheer proximity of Scalia and Thomas to two of the law firms in the case, as well as to a company with a massive financial interest, was enough to alarm ethics-in-government activists. "This stunning breach of ethics and indifference to the code belies claims by several justices that the court abides by the same rules that apply to all other federal judges," said Bob Edgar, the president of Common Cause. "The justices were wining and dining at a black-tie fundraiser with attorneys who have pending cases before the court." Their appearance and assistance in fundraising for this <t>event</t> undercuts any claims of impartiality, and is unacceptable. Scalia and Thomas have shown little regard for critics who say they too readily mix the business of the court with agenda-driven groups such as the Federalist Society.

Senses:
1. definition=something that happens at a given place and time
2. definition=a special set of circumstances | synonyms=case | examples=in that event, the first possibility is excluded; it may rain in which case the picnic will be canceled
3. definition=a phenomenon located at a single point in space-time; the fundamental observational entity in relativity theory
4. definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | synonyms=consequence, effect, outcome, result, issue, upshot | examples=the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise; his decision had depressing consequences for business

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Their appearance and assistance in fundraising for this <t>event</t> undercuts any claims of impartiality, and is unacceptable."
    *   The word "event" refers back to "a black-tie fundraiser" and "fund-raising events of law-related and other organizations."
    *   A fundraiser is a planned social gathering or occasion happening at a specific place and time.

    *   Sense 1: "something that happens at a given place and time" (Matches a fundraiser/social gathering).
    *   Sense 2: "a special set of circumstances" (e.g., "in that event"). (Does not match).
    *   Sense 3: "a phenomenon located at a single point in space-time; the fundamental observational entity in relativity theory" (Physics definition). (Does not match).
    *   Sense 4: "a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon" (e.g., consequence). (Does not match).

    *   The context describes a fundraiser. A fundraiser is a specific occurrence/happening at a place and time. This fits Sense 1 perfectly.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "claim" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: In fact, justices are exempt from the Code of Conduct that governs the actions of lower federal justices. If they were, they arguably fell under code's Canon 4C, which states, "A judge may attend fund-raising events of law-related and other organizations although the judge may not be a speaker, a guest of honor, or featured on the program of such an event." Nevertheless, the sheer proximity of Scalia and Thomas to two of the law firms in the case, as well as to a company with a massive financial interest, was enough to alarm ethics-in-government activists. "This stunning breach of ethics and indifference to the code belies claims by several justices that the court abides by the same rules that apply to all other federal judges," said Bob Edgar, the president of Common Cause. "The justices were wining and dining at a black-tie fundraiser with attorneys who have pending cases before the court." Their appearance and assistance in fundraising for this event undercuts any <t>claims</t> of impartiality, and is unacceptable. Scalia and Thomas have shown little regard for critics who say they too readily mix the business of the court with agenda-driven groups such as the Federalist Society.

Senses:
1. definition=an assertion of a right (as to money or property) | examples=his claim asked for damages
2. definition=an assertion that something is true or factual | examples=his claim that he was innocent; evidence contradicted the government's claims
3. definition=demand for something as rightful or due | examples=they struck in support of their claim for a shorter work day
4. definition=an informal right to something | synonyms=title | examples=his claim on her attentions; his title to fame
5. definition=an established or recognized right | synonyms=title | examples=a strong legal claim to the property; he had no documents confirming his title to his father's estate
6. definition=a demand especially in the phrase | synonyms=call | examples=the call of duty

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Their appearance and assistance in fundraising for this event undercuts any <t>claims</t> of impartiality, and is unacceptable."
    *   Target word: "claims"
    *   Surrounding text: The passage discusses justices' conduct, potential breaches of ethics, and the assertion that the court abides by the same rules as other judges. The specific sentence says that their actions "undercuts any claims of impartiality."

    *   Sense 1: Assertion of a right (money/property). (e.g., damages) - *Doesn't fit.*
    *   Sense 2: Assertion that something is true or factual. (e.g., claim of innocence) - *Fits well. "Claims of impartiality" means assertions that they are impartial.*
    *   Sense 3: Demand for something as rightful or due. (e.g., shorter work day) - *Doesn't fit.*
    *   Sense 4: Informal right to something. (e.g., claim on attentions) - *Doesn't fit.*
    *   Sense 5: Established or recognized right. (e.g., legal claim to property) - *Doesn't fit.*
    *   Sense 6: A demand (call of duty). - *Doesn't fit.*

    *   The phrase "claims of impartiality" refers to the justices asserting (or the court asserting) that they are impartial. This is an assertion of a fact (or a state of being), which aligns perfectly with Sense 2.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "regard" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: If they were, they arguably fell under code's Canon 4C, which states, "A judge may attend fund-raising events of law-related and other organizations although the judge may not be a speaker, a guest of honor, or featured on the program of such an event." Nevertheless, the sheer proximity of Scalia and Thomas to two of the law firms in the case, as well as to a company with a massive financial interest, was enough to alarm ethics-in-government activists. "This stunning breach of ethics and indifference to the code belies claims by several justices that the court abides by the same rules that apply to all other federal judges," said Bob Edgar, the president of Common Cause. "The justices were wining and dining at a black-tie fundraiser with attorneys who have pending cases before the court." Their appearance and assistance in fundraising for this event undercuts any claims of impartiality, and is unacceptable. Scalia and Thomas have shown little <t>regard</t> for critics who say they too readily mix the business of the court with agenda-driven groups such as the Federalist Society. And Thomas" wife, Ginni, is a high-profile conservative activist.

Senses:
1. definition=(usually preceded by `in') a detail or point | synonyms=respect | examples=it differs in that respect
2. definition=paying particular notice (as to children or helpless people) | synonyms=attentiveness, heed, paying attention | examples=his attentiveness to her wishes; he spends without heed to the consequences
3. definition=(usually plural) a polite expression of desire for someone's welfare | synonyms=wish, compliments | examples=give him my kind regards; my best wishes
4. definition=a long fixed look | synonyms=gaze | examples=he fixed his paternal gaze on me
5. definition=the condition of being honored (esteemed or respected or well regarded) | synonyms=esteem, respect | examples=it is held in esteem; a man who has earned high regard
6. definition=a feeling of friendship and esteem | synonyms=respect | examples=she mistook his manly regard for love; he inspires respect
7. definition=an attitude of admiration or esteem | synonyms=respect, esteem | examples=she lost all respect for him

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Scalia and Thomas have shown little <t>regard</t> for critics who say they too readily mix the business of the court with agenda-driven groups such as the Federalist Society."
    *   Target word: "regard"
    *   Meaning in context: "shown little regard for critics" means they didn't pay attention to, didn't care about, or ignored the critics.

    *   Sense 1: a detail or point (e.g., "in that regard"). (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: paying particular notice (as to children or helpless people) | synonyms=attentiveness, heed, paying attention | examples=his attentiveness to her wishes; he spends without heed to the consequences. (Matches: "shown little regard for critics" $\approx$ "shown little heed/attention to critics")
    *   Sense 3: polite expression of desire for welfare (e.g., "kind regards"). (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 4: a long fixed look (gaze). (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 5: the condition of being honored (esteem/respected). (Incorrect - this is about how *others* view them, not how they view/treat the critics)
    *   Sense 6: a feeling of friendship and esteem. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 7: an attitude of admiration or esteem. (Incorrect)

    *   "Shown little regard for critics" means they ignored the critics or didn't take their concerns seriously.
    *   Sense 2 defines "regard" as "paying particular notice", "attentiveness", or "heed".
    *   Example for Sense 2: "he spends without heed to the consequences". This is very similar to "shown little regard for critics".

    *   Sense 5, 6, and 7 all deal with respect/esteem. While "regard" can mean respect, in the phrase "show regard for [someone's opinion/critique/rules]", it usually means paying attention to or considering them (heed).
    *   If they showed "little respect" (Sense 7) for the critics, it could work, but "regard for critics" in the context of ignoring their warnings/criticisms aligns most strongly with "heed" or "attention" (Sense 2).
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 2 vs Sense 7.
        *   Sense 2: "paying particular notice... attentiveness, heed".
        *   Sense 7: "an attitude of admiration or esteem".
    *   If you show "little regard" for someone's warnings, you are ignoring them (Sense 2). If you show "little regard" for a person, you might not respect them (Sense 7).
    *   In the sentence "Scalia and Thomas have shown little regard for critics who say...", it means they didn't care about the critics' arguments or warnings. This is "heed" or "attention".

    *   Sense 2: "paying particular notice... synonyms=attentiveness, heed, paying attention".
    *   This fits perfectly.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "business" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: If they were, they arguably fell under code's Canon 4C, which states, "A judge may attend fund-raising events of law-related and other organizations although the judge may not be a speaker, a guest of honor, or featured on the program of such an event." Nevertheless, the sheer proximity of Scalia and Thomas to two of the law firms in the case, as well as to a company with a massive financial interest, was enough to alarm ethics-in-government activists. "This stunning breach of ethics and indifference to the code belies claims by several justices that the court abides by the same rules that apply to all other federal judges," said Bob Edgar, the president of Common Cause. "The justices were wining and dining at a black-tie fundraiser with attorneys who have pending cases before the court." Their appearance and assistance in fundraising for this event undercuts any claims of impartiality, and is unacceptable. Scalia and Thomas have shown little regard for critics who say they too readily mix the <t>business</t> of the court with agenda-driven groups such as the Federalist Society. And Thomas" wife, Ginni, is a high-profile conservative activist.

Senses:
1. definition=a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it | synonyms=concern, business concern, business organization, business organisation | examples=he bought his brother's business; a small mom-and-pop business
2. definition=the activity of providing goods and services involving financial and commercial and industrial aspects | synonyms=commercial enterprise, business enterprise | examples=computers are now widely used in business
3. definition=the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money | synonyms=occupation, job, line of work, line | examples=he's not in my line of business
4. definition=a rightful concern or responsibility | examples=it's none of your business; mind your own business
5. definition=an immediate objective | examples=gossip was the main business of the evening
6. definition=the volume of commercial activity | examples=business is good today; show me where the business was today
7. definition=business concerns collectively | synonyms=business sector | examples=Government and business could not agree
8. definition=customers collectively | synonyms=clientele, patronage | examples=they have an upper class clientele
9. definition=incidental activity performed by an actor for dramatic effect | synonyms=stage business, byplay | examples=his business with the cane was hilarious

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Scalia and Thomas have shown little regard for critics who say they too readily mix the <t>business</t> of the court with agenda-driven groups such as the Federalist Society."
    *   Target word: "business"

    *   Sense 1: Commercial/industrial enterprise (e.g., a shop).
    *   Sense 2: Activity of providing goods/services for money (e.g., "used in business").
    *   Sense 3: Occupation/job (e.g., "line of business").
    *   Sense 4: Rightful concern or responsibility (e.g., "none of your business").
    *   Sense 5: Immediate objective/main activity (e.g., "gossip was the main business of the evening").
    *   Sense 6: Volume of commercial activity (e.g., "business is good").
    *   Sense 7: Business concerns collectively (e.g., "Government and business").
    *   Sense 8: Customers (e.g., "clientele").
    *   Sense 9: Stage business (acting).

    *   The phrase is "the business of the court".
    *   In this context, "the business of the court" refers to the official duties, the work, the functions, or the primary activity/objective of the court (judging cases, legal proceedings).
    *   It's not a commercial enterprise (1, 2, 6, 7, 8).
    *   It's not a job/occupation in the sense of earning money (3).
    *   It's not "mind your own business" (4).
    *   It's not stage acting (9).
    *   Sense 5: "an immediate objective" or the main activity/purpose. "The business of the court" fits the idea of the court's primary activity or objective.

    *   Wait, let me re-evaluate Sense 5 ("an immediate objective") and Sense 4 ("a rightful concern or responsibility").
    *   "The business of the court" often means the official duties or the work the court is supposed to do.
    *   Looking at Sense 5 again: "gossip was the main business of the evening". This implies the primary activity or purpose of the gathering.
    *   Looking at Sense 4: "a rightful concern or responsibility". "The business of the court" could be seen as the court's responsibility.
    *   However, "the business of [an organization/institution]" usually refers to its primary function or activity.
    *   Let's check if there's a better fit.
    *   Sense 5: "an immediate objective" / "main activity".
    *   Is there another sense?
    *   Let's look at the phrase "mix the business of the court with agenda-driven groups". This means mixing their official duties/work with outside interests.
    *   Comparing Sense 4 and Sense 5:
        *   Sense 4: "rightful concern or responsibility".
        *   Sense 5: "immediate objective".
    *   Actually, "the business of the court" is very similar to "the business of government" or "the business of living". It refers to the essential activity or function.
    *   Let's re-read Sense 5: "an immediate objective". Example: "gossip was the main business of the evening". This fits the "primary activity" meaning.

    *   Sense 1: No.
    *   Sense 2: No.
    *   Sense 3: No.
    *   Sense 4: "rightful concern or responsibility". (e.g., "It's the court's business to decide this").
    *   Sense 5: "an immediate objective". (e.g., "The business of the court is to administer justice").
    *   Sense 6: No.
    *   Sense 7: No.
    *   Sense 8: No.
    *   Sense 9: No.

    *   "The business of the court" = the official work/activity of the court.
    *   Sense 5's example "gossip was the main business of the evening" suggests the primary activity.
    *   Sense 4's example "mind your own business" suggests personal concern.
    *   Between 4 and 5, 5 is closer to "the primary activity/function".

    *   Wait, let me search for "the business of the court" in a dictionary.
    *   Merriam-Webster: "the work of a person or group" (e.g., "the business of the committee").
    *   Oxford: "the work or activity of a person or organization".
    *   Looking at the provided senses again:
        *   Sense 5: "an immediate objective".
        *   Sense 4: "a rightful concern or responsibility".
    *   If the court's "business" is its work/activity, does that fit "immediate objective" or "rightful concern/responsibility"?
    *   "The business of the court" is the work they are responsible for.
    *   Let's look at Sense 5 again: "gossip was the main business of the evening". This means the main thing people were doing.
    *   "The business of the court" means the main thing the court does (its work).
    *   This seems to align best with Sense 5.

    *   Sense 4: "a rightful concern or responsibility". Example: "it's none of your business". This is usually used in the negative or to define boundaries of interference.
    *   Sense 5: "an immediate objective". Example: "gossip was the main business of the evening". This describes the activity taking place.
    *   "The business of the court" refers to the official activity/work of the court. This is closer to the "activity" aspect of Sense 5 than the "interference/concern" aspect of Sense 4.

    *   Is "the business of the court" an "immediate objective"? Not exactly "immediate", but it is the "objective" or "purpose/activity".
    *   Is it a "rightful concern or responsibility"? Yes, the court's work is its responsibility.
    *   Let's re-read the context: "mix the business of the court with agenda-driven groups". This means mixing their official duties (the work they do) with outside interests.
    *   If I have to choose between 4 and 5...
    *   Sense 4: "rightful concern or responsibility".
    *   Sense 5: "immediate objective".
    *   Actually, "the business of the court" is more like "the work of the court".
    *   Let's look at Sense 5 again. "Gossip was the main business of the evening." The "business" here is the activity.
    *   "The business of the court" is the activity of the court.
    *   This seems the most plausible.

    *   Wait, let me double-check Sense 4 again. "a rightful concern or responsibility".
    *   If someone says "That's the court's business," they mean it's the court's responsibility to handle it.
    *   If someone says "the business of the court," they often mean the official proceedings/work.
    *   In the phrase "mix the business of the court with agenda-driven groups," it refers to the official functions/work.
    *   Let's look at Sense 5 again. "an immediate objective".
    *   Is "the business of the court" an objective? Not really. It's the activity.
    *   Is it a responsibility? Yes.
    *   Let's search for "business" in a dictionary for "the business of the court".
    *   Collins Dictionary: "the work of a person or organization" (e.g., "the business of the committee").
    *   Looking at the provided senses, none of them perfectly match "the work of an organization" except maybe 5 (activity/objective) or 4 (responsibility).
    *   Let's re-examine Sense 5: "an immediate objective". Example: "gossip was the main business of the evening".
    *   Let's re-examine Sense 4: "a rightful concern or responsibility". Example: "it's none of your business".
    *   In "the business of the court", it's the official work they are *responsible* for.
    *   However, "the business of the evening" (Sense 5) is the *activity* of the evening.
    *   "The business of the court" is the *activity* of the court.
    *   This feels closer to Sense 5.

    *   Wait, let me think about Sense 3: "the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money". No, that's for individuals.
    *   Sense 2: "the activity of providing goods and services...". No, the court doesn't provide goods/services for money.
    *   Sense 1: "a commercial or industrial enterprise". No.

    *   Let's reconsider Sense 5: "an immediate objective".
    *   If the "business of the evening" is gossip, then gossip is the activity/objective.
    *   If the "business of the court" is judging, then judging is the activity/objective.
    *   This seems to be the intended sense.

    *   Let's double-check Sense 4 again. "a rightful concern or responsibility".
    *   "It's the court's business to decide this." (Responsibility)
    *   "The business of the court was interrupted." (Activity/Work)
    *   In the context "mix the business of the court with agenda-driven groups", it means mixing the *work/activity* of the court with other things.
    *   This points more toward Sense 5 (activity) than Sense 4 (right to be concerned).

    *   Wait, let me look at Sense 5 again. "an immediate objective".
    *   Is "the business of the court" an objective?
    *   "The business at hand" = the immediate objective.
    *   "The business of the court" = the work/activity of the court.
    *   This is a common usage.

    *   Let's try to see if any other sense fits.
    *   Sense 3: "the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money". (No)
    *   Sense 2: "the activity of providing goods and services...". (No)
    *   Sense 1: "a commercial or industrial enterprise". (No)

    *   Let's compare 4 and 5 one more time.
    *   4: "a rightful concern or responsibility" (e.g., "mind your own business").
    *   5: "an immediate objective" (e.g., "gossip was the main business of the evening").
    *   "The business of the court" = the official work/activity.
    *   If you "mix the business of the court" with something, you are mixing the *activity* of the court with something else.
    *   Sense 5 is about the activity/objective. Sense 4 is about the right to be involved.
    *   The context is about mixing official duties (activity) with outside interests.
    *   Therefore, Sense 5 is the most likely.

    *   Wait, let me search for "business of the court" and "responsibility".
    *   "It is the business of the court to..." (It is the responsibility of the court to...)
    *   But "the business of the court" as a noun phrase often means "the court's work".
    *   Let's look at the example for Sense 5 again: "gossip was the main business of the evening".
    *   This means the main activity.
    *   "The business of the court" = the main activity of the court.
    *   This fits well.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "court" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: If they were, they arguably fell under code's Canon 4C, which states, "A judge may attend fund-raising events of law-related and other organizations although the judge may not be a speaker, a guest of honor, or featured on the program of such an event." Nevertheless, the sheer proximity of Scalia and Thomas to two of the law firms in the case, as well as to a company with a massive financial interest, was enough to alarm ethics-in-government activists. "This stunning breach of ethics and indifference to the code belies claims by several justices that the court abides by the same rules that apply to all other federal judges," said Bob Edgar, the president of Common Cause. "The justices were wining and dining at a black-tie fundraiser with attorneys who have pending cases before the court." Their appearance and assistance in fundraising for this event undercuts any claims of impartiality, and is unacceptable. Scalia and Thomas have shown little regard for critics who say they too readily mix the business of the <t>court</t> with agenda-driven groups such as the Federalist Society. And Thomas" wife, Ginni, is a high-profile conservative activist.

Senses:
1. definition=an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business | synonyms=tribunal, judicature
2. definition=a room in which a lawcourt sits | synonyms=courtroom | examples=television cameras were admitted in the courtroom
3. definition=the sovereign and his advisers who are the governing power of a state | synonyms=royal court
4. definition=a specially marked horizontal area within which a game is played | examples=players had to reserve a court in advance
5. definition=Australian woman tennis player who won many major championships (born in 1947) | synonyms=Margaret Court
6. definition=the family and retinue of a sovereign or prince | synonyms=royal court
7. definition=a hotel for motorists; provides direct access from rooms to parking area | synonyms=motor hotel, motor inn, motor lodge, tourist court
8. definition=a tribunal that is presided over by a magistrate or by one or more judges who administer justice according to the laws | synonyms=lawcourt, court of law, court of justice
9. definition=the residence of a sovereign or nobleman | examples=the king will visit the duke's court
10. definition=an area wholly or partly surrounded by walls or buildings | synonyms=courtyard | examples=the house was built around an inner court
11. definition=respectful deference | synonyms=homage | examples=pay court to the emperor

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...claims by several justices that the court abides by the same rules that apply to all other federal judges," ... "attorneys who have pending cases before the court." ... "mix the business of the <t>court</t> with agenda-driven groups..."
    *   Target word: "court"
    *   Key indicators: "justices", "federal judges", "attorneys", "pending cases", "business of the court".

    *   Sense 1: an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business (tribunal, judicature).
    *   Sense 2: a room in which a lawcourt sits (courtroom).
    *   Sense 3: the sovereign and his advisers (royal court).
    *   Sense 4: a horizontal area for a game (tennis court, etc.).
    *   Sense 5: Margaret Court (tennis player).
    *   Sense 6: the family and retinue of a sovereign (royal court).
    *   Sense 7: a hotel for motorists (motor court).
    *   Sense 8: a tribunal that is presided over by a magistrate or by one or more judges who administer justice according to the laws (lawcourt, court of law).
    *   Sense 9: the residence of a sovereign or nobleman.
    *   Sense 10: an area surrounded by walls (courtyard).
    *   Sense 11: respectful deference (homage).

    *   The context refers to the Supreme Court (implied by "justices", "Scalia", "Thomas", "federal judges").
    *   It refers to the institution/body that administers justice.
    *   Sense 1 ("an assembly... to conduct judicial business") and Sense 8 ("a tribunal that is presided over by a magistrate or by one or more judges who administer justice according to the laws") are very similar.

    *   Sense 1: "an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business"
    *   Sense 8: "a tribunal that is presided over by a magistrate or by one or more judges who administer justice according to the laws"

    Looking at the context: "the business of the court", "cases before the court", "the court abides by the same rules". This refers to the judicial body/institution.

    In many dictionaries (like WordNet, which these senses seem to be derived from), Sense 8 is the more general definition of a "court of law" as an institution, while Sense 1 might be more about the specific assembly.

    Let's re-read:
    Sense 1: assembly... to conduct judicial business.
    Sense 8: tribunal... who administer justice according to the laws.

    Actually, in the context of "the business of the court" and "cases before the court", it refers to the judicial institution. Sense 8 is the standard definition for a law court.

    Wait, let me check if there's a subtle difference.
    Sense 1: assembly (tribunal, judicature)
    Sense 8: tribunal (lawcourt, court of law)

    Usually, "the court" in the context of the Supreme Court refers to the institution (Sense 8).

    Let's look at the examples again.
    Sense 1: assembly... to conduct judicial business.
    Sense 8: tribunal... who administer justice according to the laws.

    In the phrase "the business of the court", "court" refers to the judicial body. Both 1 and 8 are very close. However, Sense 8 is the more comprehensive definition of a "court of law".

    Let's re-evaluate Sense 1 vs Sense 8.
    Sense 1: assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business.
    Sense 8: a tribunal that is presided over by a magistrate or by one or more judges who administer justice according to the laws.

    In the context of "the court abides by the same rules", "cases before the court", and "the business of the court", it is referring to the judicial body/institution. Sense 8 is the most fitting definition for a "court of law".

    (Self-correction): Let me double-check if Sense 1 is more specific to the *act* of assembling. "An assembly... to conduct judicial business." Sense 8 is "a tribunal... who administer justice". The Supreme Court is a tribunal.

    Let's look at the provided senses again.
    1. assembly... to conduct judicial business | synonyms=tribunal, judicature
    8. tribunal... who administer justice according to the laws | synonyms=lawcourt, court of law, court of justice

    In common usage, "the court" (referring to the Supreme Court) is a lawcourt/court of law.

    Let's check if there's any reason to prefer 1 over 8.
    "the business of the court"
    "cases before the court"
    "the court abides by the same rules"

    These all point to the institution. Sense 8 is the definition of the institution (lawcourt). Sense 1 is an assembly. While a court is an assembly, the institution is better described as a tribunal/lawcourt.

    Wait, looking at WordNet (which this list resembles):
    - court (Sense 1): an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business.
    - court (Sense 8): a tribunal that is presided over by a magistrate or by one or more judges who administer justice according to the laws.

    Actually, in many WordNet-based datasets, Sense 8 is the one used for "court of law".

    Let's re-read the context one more time.
    "the court abides by the same rules"
    "cases before the court"
    "the business of the court"

    This is definitely the judicial institution. Sense 8 is the most accurate.

    (Wait, let me double-check Sense 1 again: "an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business").
    If I have to choose between "assembly" and "tribunal", "tribunal" (Sense 8) is a more formal term for the institution.

    Let's compare:
    Sense 1: assembly... to conduct judicial business.
    Sense 8: tribunal... who administer justice according to the laws.

    Actually, looking at the synonyms:
    Sense 1: tribunal, judicature.
    Sense 8: lawcourt, court of law, court of justice.

    "The court" in the context of the Supreme Court is most commonly referred to as a "court of law" or "lawcourt".

    Let's try to see if there's any nuance.
    "the business of the court" -> the business of the lawcourt.
    "cases before the court" -> cases before the lawcourt.
    "the court abides by the same rules" -> the lawcourt abides by the same rules.

    Sense 8 seems the most appropriate.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "group" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: If they were, they arguably fell under code's Canon 4C, which states, "A judge may attend fund-raising events of law-related and other organizations although the judge may not be a speaker, a guest of honor, or featured on the program of such an event." Nevertheless, the sheer proximity of Scalia and Thomas to two of the law firms in the case, as well as to a company with a massive financial interest, was enough to alarm ethics-in-government activists. "This stunning breach of ethics and indifference to the code belies claims by several justices that the court abides by the same rules that apply to all other federal judges," said Bob Edgar, the president of Common Cause. "The justices were wining and dining at a black-tie fundraiser with attorneys who have pending cases before the court." Their appearance and assistance in fundraising for this event undercuts any claims of impartiality, and is unacceptable. Scalia and Thomas have shown little regard for critics who say they too readily mix the business of the court with agenda-driven <t>groups</t> such as the Federalist Society. And Thomas" wife, Ginni, is a high-profile conservative activist.

Senses:
1. definition=any number of entities (members) considered as a unit | synonyms=grouping
2. definition=(chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule | synonyms=radical, chemical group
3. definition=a set that is closed, associative, has an identity element and every element has an inverse | synonyms=mathematical group

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...Scalia and Thomas have shown little regard for critics who say they too readily mix the business of the court with agenda-driven <t>groups</t> such as the Federalist Society."
    *   Target word: "groups"
    *   Key phrase: "agenda-driven groups such as the Federalist Society."

    *   Sense 1: "any number of entities (members) considered as a unit" (synonym: grouping).
    *   Sense 2: "(chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule" (synonym: radical, chemical group).
    *   Sense 3: "a set that is closed, associative, has an identity element and every element has an inverse" (synonym: mathematical group).

    *   The context refers to the "Federalist Society," which is an organization/association of people with a specific legal/political agenda.
    *   This fits the definition of "any number of entities (members) considered as a unit" (Sense 1).
    *   It is definitely not a chemical group (Sense 2) or a mathematical group (Sense 3).


[User]
Which numbered sense of "justice" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: "This stunning breach of ethics and indifference to the code belies claims by several justices that the court abides by the same rules that apply to all other federal judges," said Bob Edgar, the president of Common Cause. "The justices were wining and dining at a black-tie fundraiser with attorneys who have pending cases before the court." Their appearance and assistance in fundraising for this event undercuts any claims of impartiality, and is unacceptable. Scalia and Thomas have shown little regard for critics who say they too readily mix the business of the court with agenda-driven groups such as the Federalist Society. And Thomas" wife, Ginni, is a high-profile conservative activist. Moreover, conservatives argue that it's <t>Justice</t> Elena Kagan who has an ethical issue, not Scalia and Thomas. Kagan served as solicitor general in the Obama administration when the first legal challenges to the law were brought at the trial court level.

Senses:
1. definition=the quality of being just or fair | synonyms=justness
2. definition=judgment involved in the determination of rights and the assignment of rewards and punishments
3. definition=a public official authorized to decide questions brought before a court of justice | synonyms=judge, jurist
4. definition=the United States federal department responsible for enforcing federal laws (including the enforcement of all civil rights legislation); created in 1870 | synonyms=Department of Justice, Justice Department, DoJ

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Moreover, conservatives argue that it's <t>Justice</t> Elena Kagan who has an ethical issue, not Scalia and Thomas."
    *   Target word: "Justice" (referring to Elena Kagan).

    *   Sense 1: the quality of being just or fair (abstract noun).
    *   Sense 2: judgment involved in the determination of rights (abstract noun/process).
    *   Sense 3: a public official authorized to decide questions brought before a court of justice (title/person, e.g., judge, jurist).
    *   Sense 4: the United States federal department (organization).

    *   The sentence says "it's Justice Elena Kagan".
    *   Elena Kagan is a person (specifically, a judge on the Supreme Court).
    *   In this context, "Justice" is used as a title for a judge.
    *   This matches Sense 3: "a public official authorized to decide questions brought before a court of justice | synonyms=judge, jurist".


[User]
Which numbered sense of "issue" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: "This stunning breach of ethics and indifference to the code belies claims by several justices that the court abides by the same rules that apply to all other federal judges," said Bob Edgar, the president of Common Cause. "The justices were wining and dining at a black-tie fundraiser with attorneys who have pending cases before the court." Their appearance and assistance in fundraising for this event undercuts any claims of impartiality, and is unacceptable. Scalia and Thomas have shown little regard for critics who say they too readily mix the business of the court with agenda-driven groups such as the Federalist Society. And Thomas" wife, Ginni, is a high-profile conservative activist. Moreover, conservatives argue that it's Justice Elena Kagan who has an ethical <t>issue</t>, not Scalia and Thomas. Kagan served as solicitor general in the Obama administration when the first legal challenges to the law were brought at the trial court level.

Senses:
1. definition=an important question that is in dispute and must be settled | examples=the issue could be settled by requiring public education for everyone; politicians never discuss the real issues
2. definition=one of a series published periodically | synonyms=number | examples=she found an old issue of the magazine in her dentist's waiting room
3. definition=some situation or event that is thought about | synonyms=topic, subject, matter | examples=he kept drifting off the topic; he had been thinking about the subject for several years
4. definition=the act of providing an item for general use or for official purposes (usually in quantity) | synonyms=issuing, issuance | examples=a new issue of stamps; the last issue of penicillin was over a month ago
5. definition=supplies (as food or clothing or ammunition) issued by the government | synonyms=military issue, government issue
6. definition=the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property | synonyms=return, take, takings, proceeds, yield, payoff | examples=the average return was about 5%
7. definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | synonyms=consequence, effect, outcome, result, event, upshot | examples=the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise; his decision had depressing consequences for business
8. definition=the immediate descendants of a person | synonyms=offspring, progeny | examples=she was the mother of many offspring; he died without issue
9. definition=the becoming visible | synonyms=emergence, egress | examples=not a day's difference between the emergence of the andrenas and the opening of the willow catkins
10. definition=an opening that permits escape or release | synonyms=exit, outlet, way out | examples=he blocked the way out; the canyon had only one issue
11. definition=the act of issuing printed materials | synonyms=publication

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...conservatives argue that it's Justice Elena Kagan who has an ethical <t>issue</t>, not Scalia and Thomas."
    *   Target word: "issue"
    *   Meaning in context: In this sentence, "ethical issue" refers to a problem, a point of dispute, or a concern regarding ethics. It's something that is being questioned or debated.

    *   Sense 1: "an important question that is in dispute and must be settled" (e.g., "the issue could be settled by requiring public education for everyone").
    *   Sense 2: "one of a series published periodically" (magazine issue).
    *   Sense 3: "some situation or event that is thought about" (topic, subject, matter).
    *   Sense 4: "the act of providing an item for general use" (issuing stamps).
    *   Sense 5: "supplies issued by the government" (military issue).
    *   Sense 6: "income or profit" (return, proceeds).
    *   Sense 7: "a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon" (consequence, effect).
    *   Sense 8: "immediate descendants" (offspring).
    *   Sense 9: "the becoming visible" (emergence).
    *   Sense 10: "an opening that permits escape" (exit).
    *   Sense 11: "the act of issuing printed materials" (publication).

    *   The phrase "ethical issue" usually means a problem or a point of contention regarding ethics.
    *   Sense 1 ("an important question that is in dispute and must be settled") fits well because the text is discussing a dispute over ethics among justices.
    *   Sense 3 ("some situation or event that is thought about") is close, but "issue" in "ethical issue" usually implies a problem or a point of dispute rather than just a general topic.
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 1 vs Sense 3.
        *   Sense 1: "an important question that is in dispute and must be settled"
        *   Sense 3: "some situation or event that is thought about | synonyms=topic, subject, matter"
    *   In the context "Justice Elena Kagan who has an ethical issue", it means she has a problem or a point of contention regarding her ethics. This aligns most closely with Sense 1 (a question in dispute).

    *   Wait, let me look at the senses again. Is there a sense for "problem"?
    *   Sense 1: "an important question that is in dispute and must be settled"
    *   Sense 3: "some situation or event that is thought about"
    *   Actually, in modern usage, "issue" often means "problem". Looking at the provided list, Sense 1 is the closest to "a point of dispute" or "a problem to be resolved".

    *   "Justice Elena Kagan who has an ethical issue" -> "Justice Elena Kagan who has an ethical [question that is in dispute/problem]".
    *   This fits the context of a debate about who is behaving ethically.

    *   Sense 1: "an important question that is in dispute and must be settled"
    *   Sense 3: "some situation or event that is thought about"
    *   If someone "has an issue" with something, it's a problem or a dispute. If someone "has an ethical issue", it means there is a question about their ethics that is being disputed.

    *   Sense 1 is the most appropriate among the choices provided.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "administration" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: "The justices were wining and dining at a black-tie fundraiser with attorneys who have pending cases before the court." Their appearance and assistance in fundraising for this event undercuts any claims of impartiality, and is unacceptable. Scalia and Thomas have shown little regard for critics who say they too readily mix the business of the court with agenda-driven groups such as the Federalist Society. And Thomas" wife, Ginni, is a high-profile conservative activist. Moreover, conservatives argue that it's Justice Elena Kagan who has an ethical issue, not Scalia and Thomas. Kagan served as solicitor general in the Obama <t>administration</t> when the first legal challenges to the law were brought at the trial court level. Her critics have pushed for Kagan to recuse herself from hearing the case, saying that she was too invested in defending the law then to be impartial now.

Senses:
1. definition=a method of tending to or managing the affairs of a some group of people (especially the group's business affairs) | synonyms=disposal
2. definition=the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something | synonyms=governance, governing body, establishment, brass, organization, organisation | examples=he claims that the present administration is corrupt; the governance of an association is responsible to its members
3. definition=the act of administering medication | synonyms=giving medication
4. definition=the tenure of a president | synonyms=presidency, presidential term | examples=things were quiet during the Eisenhower administration
5. definition=the act of governing; exercising authority | synonyms=government, governing, governance, government activity | examples=regulations for the governing of state prisons; he had considerable experience of government
6. definition=the act of meting out justice according to the law | synonyms=judicature

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Kagan served as solicitor general in the Obama <t>administration</t> when the first legal challenges to the law were brought at the trial court level."
    *   Target word: "administration"
    *   Key phrase: "Obama administration"

    *   Sense 1: Method of managing affairs (disposal).
    *   Sense 2: The persons/committees/departments making up a body (governing body, establishment).
    *   Sense 3: Act of administering medication.
    *   Sense 4: The tenure of a president (presidency, presidential term).
    *   Sense 5: The act of governing (government, governance).
    *   Sense 6: The act of meting out justice (judicature).

    *   "Obama administration" refers to the period of time (tenure) or the specific government under President Obama.
    *   Looking at Sense 4: "the tenure of a president | synonyms=presidency, presidential term | examples=things were quiet during the Eisenhower administration".
    *   Looking at Sense 2: "the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something | synonyms=governance, governing body, establishment...".
    *   In the phrase "served as solicitor general in the Obama administration", it refers to the government/tenure of President Obama. Sense 4 specifically mentions "tenure of a president" and gives "Eisenhower administration" as an example, which is perfectly analogous to "Obama administration".

    *   Sense 4 is the most precise fit for "Obama administration".


[User]
Which numbered sense of "law" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: "The justices were wining and dining at a black-tie fundraiser with attorneys who have pending cases before the court." Their appearance and assistance in fundraising for this event undercuts any claims of impartiality, and is unacceptable. Scalia and Thomas have shown little regard for critics who say they too readily mix the business of the court with agenda-driven groups such as the Federalist Society. And Thomas" wife, Ginni, is a high-profile conservative activist. Moreover, conservatives argue that it's Justice Elena Kagan who has an ethical issue, not Scalia and Thomas. Kagan served as solicitor general in the Obama administration when the first legal challenges to the <t>law</t> were brought at the trial court level. Her critics have pushed for Kagan to recuse herself from hearing the case, saying that she was too invested in defending the law then to be impartial now.

Senses:
1. definition=the collection of rules imposed by authority | synonyms=jurisprudence | examples=civilization presupposes respect for the law; the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order
2. definition=legal document setting forth rules governing a particular kind of activity | examples=there is a law against kidnapping
3. definition=a rule or body of rules of conduct inherent in human nature and essential to or binding upon human society | synonyms=natural law
4. definition=a generalization that describes recurring facts or events in nature | synonyms=law of nature | examples=the laws of thermodynamics
5. definition=the branch of philosophy concerned with the law and the principles that lead courts to make the decisions they do | synonyms=jurisprudence, legal philosophy
6. definition=the learned profession that is mastered by graduate study in a law school and that is responsible for the judicial system | synonyms=practice of law | examples=he studied law at Yale
7. definition=the force of policemen and officers | synonyms=police, police force, constabulary | examples=the law came looking for him

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...Kagan served as solicitor general in the Obama administration when the first legal challenges to the <t>law</t> were brought at the trial court level. Her critics have pushed for Kagan to recuse herself from hearing the case, saying that she was too invested in defending the law then to be impartial now."
    *   Target word: "law"

    *   Sense 1: Collection of rules imposed by authority (general concept of jurisprudence).
    *   Sense 2: Legal document setting forth rules governing a particular kind of activity (a specific statute or act).
    *   Sense 3: Rule/body of rules inherent in human nature (natural law).
    *   Sense 4: Generalization describing recurring facts in nature (scientific law).
    *   Sense 5: Branch of philosophy (jurisprudence).
    *   Sense 6: Learned profession (practice of law).
    *   Sense 7: Police force.

    *   The text mentions "legal challenges to the law" and "defending the law".
    *   In this context, "the law" refers to a specific piece of legislation or a specific legal rule/statute that was being challenged in court.
    *   Sense 1 is too broad (the general system of law).
    *   Sense 2 refers to a specific legal document/statute ("a law against kidnapping"). This fits perfectly because the "legal challenges" are directed at a specific law (likely a specific act or statute passed by the government).

    *   Is it Sense 1? "Challenges to the [collection of rules imposed by authority]"? No, usually challenges are to a specific law.
    *   Is it Sense 2? "Challenges to the [legal document setting forth rules governing a particular kind of activity]"? Yes, this is the standard meaning when referring to a specific statute being litigated.