[User]
Which numbered sense of "fate" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Either copy can make the proteins needed to control cell growth, so for cancer to arise, both copies must be impaired. A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same <t>fate</t> when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced.

Senses:
1. definition=an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future | synonyms=destiny
2. definition=the ultimate agency regarded as predetermining the course of events (often personified as a woman) | synonyms=destiny | examples=we are helpless in the face of destiny
3. definition=your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you) | synonyms=fortune, destiny, luck, lot, circumstances, portion | examples=whatever my fortune may be; deserved a better fate

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...Mr. Quinlan... knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same <t>fate</t> when she was a baby."
    *   Target word: "fate"
    *   Meaning in context: The mother also lost an eye to the same rare tumor. "Fate" here refers to the specific event/outcome (losing an eye to cancer) that happened to both the son and the mother.

    *   Sense 1: "an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future" (Synonym: destiny).
    *   Sense 2: "the ultimate agency regarded as predetermining the course of events" (Personified destiny).
    *   Sense 3: "your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)" (Synonyms: fortune, destiny, luck, lot, circumstances, portion).

    *   Sense 2 is clearly wrong (not talking about a mystical agency).
    *   Sense 3 refers to "overall circumstances" or "lot in life." While losing an eye is part of one's circumstances, the phrase "suffered the same fate" usually refers to a specific outcome or event that happened to someone else and then happened to them.
    *   Sense 1 refers to "an event (or a course of events)." In the phrase "suffered the same fate," "fate" often means the specific (usually bad) outcome or event that befell someone.

    *   "Suffered the same fate" is a common idiom.
    *   Does it mean "inevitably happen in the future"? Not necessarily in the prophetic sense, but in the sense of a specific outcome.
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 1 vs Sense 3.
    *   Sense 1: "an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future".
    *   Sense 3: "your overall circumstances or condition in life".
    *   Wait, looking at the definitions again. "Suffered the same fate" usually means "experienced the same outcome/event."
    *   Is "losing an eye" an "overall circumstance" (Sense 3) or a specific "event" (Sense 1)? It's a specific event.
    *   However, Sense 1 mentions "inevitably happen in the future." In the context of the mother, it already happened.
    *   Let's look at how dictionaries usually define "fate" in "suffered the same fate."
    *   Merriam-Webster: "the outcome of a course of events" or "the destiny of a person."
    *   Oxford: "the development of events with a specified result."
    *   Looking at the provided senses:
        1. an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future.
        3. your overall circumstances or condition in life.

    *   Actually, "suffered the same fate" often aligns with the "outcome" meaning. Between 1 and 3, 1 is closer to a specific event/outcome, whereas 3 is more about a general state of being.
    *   Let's check if there's a better fit.
    *   "his mother had suffered the same fate" -> his mother had also lost an eye.
    *   Losing an eye is a specific event/outcome.
    *   Sense 1: "an event (or a course of events)..."
    *   Sense 3: "overall circumstances..."

    *   If I say "He met a tragic fate," I mean he died or something bad happened (an event).
    *   If I say "He accepted his fate," I might mean his overall lot in life (Sense 3) or a specific inevitable outcome (Sense 1).
    *   In "suffered the same fate," it almost always refers to the specific event/outcome.

    *   Sense 1: "an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future"
    *   Sense 3: "your overall circumstances or condition in life"
    *   Wait, if the event already happened (the mother suffered it), does "will inevitably happen in the future" disqualify Sense 1?
    *   Usually, "fate" as an event refers to the *outcome*. The "future" part of the definition in Sense 1 might be slightly restrictive, but "an event" is the key.
    *   Let's look at Sense 3 again: "overall circumstances or condition in life". Losing an eye is a condition, but "suffered the same fate" points to the event of losing it.

    *   Let's search for "suffered the same fate" in a dictionary.
    *   Cambridge: "the things that happen to a person, especially a bad thing."
    *   Collins: "the thing that happens to someone, especially something bad."
    *   This matches "an event (or a course of events)" better than "overall circumstances."

    *   Sense 1: an event (or a course of events)
    *   Sense 3: overall circumstances or condition in life

    *   "Suffered the same fate" = experienced the same event/outcome.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the most appropriate.

    *   Wait, let me double-check Sense 3 again. "your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)".
    *   If "fate" means "the thing that happened," is that "overall circumstances"? No, that's too broad.
    *   Is it "an event"? Yes.

    *   Is it "inevitable"? In the context of genetic diseases, it's often seen as inevitable or predetermined.

    *   Let's re-read Sense 1: "an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future".
    *   Let's re-read Sense 3: "your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)".
    *   Actually, looking at common NLP datasets (like WordNet), "fate" as in "suffered the same fate" is often categorized as the "destiny" or "lot" sense.
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 3: "fortune, destiny, luck, lot, circumstances, portion".
    *   "Lot" as in "my lot in life" can mean the specific things that happen to you.
    *   However, "suffered the same fate" is almost always a specific event.

    *   Let's try to find this specific example in a corpus.
    *   "suffered the same fate" -> "the same thing happened to them".
    *   This is a specific event.

    *   Let's compare:
        1. Event/Course of events.
        3. Overall circumstances.

    *   If the mother lost an eye, that is an event.

    *   Wait, I just noticed Sense 1 says "will inevitably happen in the future". The mother's fate already happened. Does that matter?
    *   In many dictionary definitions, "fate" is defined as the *inevitable* event, regardless of whether it's in the future or has already occurred (as in "a cruel fate").

    *   Let's look at Sense 3 again: "your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)".
    *   If I say "He suffered a cruel fate," I could mean his whole life was miserable (Sense 3) or that he died in a specific way (Sense 1).
    *   "Suffered the same fate" specifically links the event of the son (losing an eye) to the event of the mother. This points to a specific event.

    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.

    *   Wait, let me think about Sense 3 one more time. "Lot" can mean "the things that happen to a person."
    *   Example: "He had a hard lot in life."
    *   "Suffered the same fate" is more like "met the same end" or "experienced the same outcome."

    *   Let's check Sense 1 again. "an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future".
    *   If the event has already happened, is it still "fate"? Yes, we often speak of the past in terms of fate ("It was his fate to die young").

    *   Let's double-check Sense 3's examples: "whatever my fortune may be; deserved a better fate".
    *   "Deserved a better fate" often means "deserved a better life/outcome overall."

    *   In the context "suffered the same fate," it refers to the specific event of losing an eye.

    *   Final check:
        Sense 1: Event/Course of events.
        Sense 2: Agency/Personification.
        Sense 3: Overall circumstances.

    *   The most precise fit for "suffered the same fate" (meaning "the same thing happened") is Sense 1.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[User]
Which numbered sense of "baby" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Either copy can make the proteins needed to control cell growth, so for cancer to arise, both copies must be impaired. A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a <t>baby</t>. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced.

Senses:
1. definition=a very young child (birth to 1 year) who has not yet begun to walk or talk | synonyms=babe, infant | examples=the baby began to cry again; she held the baby in her arms
2. definition=the youngest member of a group (not necessarily young) | examples=the baby of the family; the baby of the Supreme Court
3. definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=child | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
4. definition=an unborn child; a human fetus | examples=I felt healthy and very feminine carrying the baby; it was great to feel my baby moving about inside
5. definition=(slang) sometimes used as a term of address for attractive young women | synonyms=babe, sister
6. definition=a very young mammal | examples=baby rabbits
7. definition=a project of personal concern to someone | examples=this project is his baby

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a <t>baby</t>."
    *   Target word: "baby"
    *   Meaning in context: The mother suffered the same fate (retinoblastoma) when she was a very young child.

    *   Sense 1: a very young child (birth to 1 year) who has not yet begun to walk or talk.
    *   Sense 2: the youngest member of a group.
    *   Sense 3: an immature childish person.
    *   Sense 4: an unborn child; a human fetus.
    *   Sense 5: (slang) term of address for attractive young women.
    *   Sense 6: a very young mammal.
    *   Sense 7: a project of personal concern.

    *   The context refers to a person's age at the time they suffered from a medical condition (retinoblastoma).
    *   "When she was a baby" clearly refers to her being a very young child.
    *   Sense 1 fits perfectly.

    *   Sense 2 (youngest member) doesn't fit the context of age at the time of illness.
    *   Sense 3 (immature person) doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 4 (fetus) is possible for some conditions, but "when she was a baby" usually refers to post-birth, and retinoblastoma is typically diagnosed in early childhood.
    *   Sense 5, 6, 7 are irrelevant.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[User]
Which numbered sense of "isolation" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the <t>isolation</t> of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=a state of separation between persons or groups
2. definition=a feeling of being disliked and alone
3. definition=the act of isolating something; setting something apart from others | synonyms=closing off
4. definition=(psychiatry) a defense mechanism in which memory of an unacceptable act or impulse is separated from the emotion originally associated with it
5. definition=a country's withdrawal from international politics | examples=he opposed a policy of American isolation

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Because of the <t>isolation</t> of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced."
    *   Key phrase: "isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene".
    *   Meaning in context: In genetics/biology, "isolating a gene" means identifying and separating a specific gene from the rest of the genome so it can be studied or used for testing.

    *   Sense 1: "a state of separation between persons or groups" (Social/Physical separation of people). -> Incorrect.
    *   Sense 2: "a feeling of being disliked and alone" (Emotional isolation). -> Incorrect.
    *   Sense 3: "the act of isolating something; setting something apart from others | synonyms=closing off" (General act of separation/isolation of a substance or element). -> This fits the scientific context of isolating a gene.
    *   Sense 4: "(psychiatry) a defense mechanism..." (Psychological term). -> Incorrect.
    *   Sense 5: "a country's withdrawal from international politics" (Political isolation). -> Incorrect.

    *   The context refers to the scientific process of identifying and separating a specific gene. This matches Sense 3 ("the act of isolating something; setting something apart from others").


[User]
Which numbered sense of "become" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it <t>became</t> possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=enter or assume a certain state or condition | synonyms=go, get | examples=He became annoyed when he heard the bad news; It must be getting more serious
2. definition=undergo a change or development | synonyms=turn | examples=The water turned into ice; Her former friend became her worst enemy
3. definition=come into existence | examples=What becomes has duration
4. definition=enhance the appearance of | synonyms=suit | examples=Mourning becomes Electra; This behavior doesn't suit you!

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it <t>became</t> possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced."
    *   Target word: "became"
    *   Senses provided:
        1.  Enter or assume a certain state or condition (e.g., "became annoyed").
        2.  Undergo a change or development (e.g., "turned into ice").
        3.  Come into existence (e.g., "What becomes has duration").
        4.  Enhance the appearance of (e.g., "Mourning becomes Electra").

    *   The sentence says "it became possible".
    *   "Possible" is a state or condition.
    *   The action is moving from a state of *not* being possible to a state of *being* possible.

    *   Sense 1: "enter or assume a certain state or condition". This fits perfectly. "Possible" is the state being assumed.
    *   Sense 2: "undergo a change or development". While there is a change, this sense usually refers to transformation (A becomes B, like water to ice). "Possible" isn't a transformation into a different entity, but a change in state.
    *   Sense 3: "come into existence". This refers to the act of beginning to exist. While the *possibility* came into existence, the phrase "became possible" is a standard way of describing entering a state.
    *   Sense 4: "enhance the appearance of". Completely irrelevant.

    *   "It became possible" $\approx$ "It got possible" (though "got" is informal) or "It entered the state of being possible".
    *   Compare with "He became annoyed" (Sense 1). "Annoyed" is an adjective describing a state, just as "possible" is an adjective describing a state.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "possible" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became <t>possible</t> last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=capable of happening or existing | examples=a breakthrough may be possible next year; anything is possible
2. definition=existing in possibility | synonyms=potential | examples=a potential problem; possible uses of nuclear power

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became <t>possible</t> last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced."
    *   Target word: "possible"
    *   Senses:
        1.  Capable of happening or existing (e.g., "a breakthrough may be possible next year").
        2.  Existing in possibility / potential (e.g., "a potential problem").

    *   The sentence says "it became possible... to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced."
    *   This means that finding out the threat was now *capable of happening* or *achievable* due to the isolation of the gene.
    *   It is not describing a "potential" threat or a "possible" use (which would be an adjective modifying a noun, like "possible outcomes"). Instead, it's used as a predicate adjective describing the action of finding out.

    *   Sense 1: "capable of happening or existing". This fits perfectly. It was now *capable of happening* to find out the threat.
    *   Sense 2: "existing in possibility" (synonym: potential). This usually modifies a noun (e.g., "a possible cause"). In the context "it became possible to [do something]", it's not describing a potential thing, but the feasibility of an action.

    *   "It became possible to find out..." $\approx$ "It became feasible/achievable to find out..."
    *   This aligns with Sense 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "last" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible <t>last</t> January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=immediately past | examples=last Thursday; the last chapter we read
2. definition=coming after all others in time or space or degree or being the only one remaining | examples=the last time I saw Paris; the last day of the month
3. definition=occurring at or forming an end or termination | synonyms=concluding, final, terminal | examples=his concluding words came as a surprise; the final chapter
4. definition=most unlikely or unsuitable | examples=the last person we would have suspected; the last man they would have chosen for the job
5. definition=occurring at the time of death | examples=his last words; the last rites
6. definition=conclusive in a process or progression | synonyms=final, net | examples=the final answer; a last resort
7. definition=highest in extent or degree | synonyms=utmost | examples=to the last measure of human endurance; whether they were accomplices in the last degree or a lesser one was...to be determined individually
8. definition=not to be altered or undone | synonyms=final | examples=the judge's decision is final; the arbiter will have the last say
9. definition=lowest in rank or importance | synonyms=last-place, lowest | examples=last prize; in last place

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...it became possible <t>last</t> January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced."
    *   Target word: "last"
    *   Usage: "last January"

    *   Sense 1: immediately past (e.g., last Thursday, the last chapter we read).
    *   Sense 2: coming after all others in time or space or degree or being the only one remaining (e.g., the last time I saw Paris, the last day of the month).
    *   Sense 3: occurring at or forming an end or termination (e.g., concluding words, final chapter).
    *   Sense 4: most unlikely or unsuitable (e.g., the last person we would have suspected).
    *   Sense 5: occurring at the time of death (e.g., his last words).
    *   Sense 6: conclusive in a process or progression (e.g., the final answer, a last resort).
    *   Sense 7: highest in extent or degree (e.g., to the last measure of human endurance).
    *   Sense 8: not to be altered or undone (e.g., the judge's decision is final).
    *   Sense 9: lowest in rank or importance (e.g., last prize).

    *   "last January" refers to the January that occurred immediately before the time of writing/speaking.
    *   This matches Sense 1: "immediately past" (Example: "last Thursday").

    *   Sense 1: immediately past. (Correct)
    *   Sense 2: coming after all others. (Incorrect - "last January" doesn't mean the final January ever).
    *   Sense 3: concluding/final. (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 4: unlikely. (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 5: death. (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 6: conclusive. (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 7: highest degree. (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 8: not to be altered. (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 9: lowest rank. (Incorrect).


[User]
Which numbered sense of "find_out" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to <t>find out</t> what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study | synonyms=determine, find, ascertain | examples=find the product of two numbers; The physicist who found the elusive particle won the Nobel Prize
2. definition=get to know or become aware of, usually accidentally | synonyms=learn, hear, get word, get wind, pick up, get a line | examples=I learned that she has two grown-up children; I see that you have been promoted
3. definition=find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort | synonyms=determine, check, see, ascertain, watch, learn | examples=I want to see whether she speaks French; See whether it works
4. definition=trap; especially in an error or in a reprehensible act | synonyms=catch out | examples=He was caught out; She was found out when she tried to cash the stolen checks

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to <t>find out</t> what threat the Quinlan baby faced."
    *   Meaning: The text describes using genetic tests (scientific investigation/medical testing) to determine if a baby inherited a specific gene.

    *   Sense 1: "establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study" (Synonyms: determine, find, ascertain). Examples: finding a product of numbers, finding a particle.
    *   Sense 2: "get to know or become aware of, usually accidentally" (Synonyms: learn, hear). Examples: learning someone has children.
    *   Sense 3: "find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort" (Synonyms: determine, check, see, ascertain). Examples: seeing if she speaks French.
    *   Sense 4: "trap; especially in an error or in a reprehensible act" (Synonyms: catch out). Examples: being caught out.

    *   The context involves a medical test ("A test using new 'genetic probes' showed...").
    *   This is a scientific investigation/study to establish a fact.
    *   Sense 1 focuses on establishing a fact through investigation/experiment/study.
    *   Sense 3 focuses on determining with certainty through inquiry or effort.
    *   Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 3:
        *   Sense 1: "establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study". This fits the "genetic tests" and "isolation of the gene" context perfectly.
        *   Sense 3: "determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort". This is more general (e.g., "see whether she speaks French").
    *   The context specifically mentions the "isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene" making it "possible... to find out". This implies a scientific breakthrough/methodology (investigation/experiment).

    *   Sense 1: "establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study".
    *   Sense 3: "find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort".
    *   In many dictionaries, Sense 1 is for formal/scientific discovery, while Sense 3 is for everyday checking. The context here is a medical/genetic test.

    *   "Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced."
    *   The "isolation of the gene" is the scientific discovery that enabled the "finding out".
    *   The "finding out" was done via "genetic probes" (a scientific test).
    *   This aligns strongly with Sense 1 (investigation, experiment, study).

    *   Sense 1: determine, find, ascertain (scientific/formal).
    *   Sense 3: determine, check, see, ascertain (general inquiry).
    *   The context is a medical diagnosis based on a scientific discovery. Sense 1 is the most precise fit.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "threat" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what <t>threat</t> the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=something that is a source of danger | synonyms=menace | examples=earthquakes are a constant threat in Japan
2. definition=a warning that something unpleasant is imminent | examples=they were under threat of arrest
3. definition=declaration of an intention or a determination to inflict harm on another | examples=his threat to kill me was quite explicit
4. definition=a person who inspires fear or dread | synonyms=terror, scourge | examples=he was the terror of the neighborhood

reasoning_content:
*   Context: A passage about genetic testing for retinoblastoma. Specifically, the sentence: "Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what <t>threat</t> the Quinlan baby faced."
    *   Target word: "threat"
    *   Senses provided:
        1.  Something that is a source of danger (e.g., earthquakes).
        2.  A warning that something unpleasant is imminent (e.g., threat of arrest).
        3.  Declaration of intention to inflict harm (e.g., threat to kill).
        4.  A person who inspires fear (e.g., terror of the neighborhood).

    *   The text discusses the risk of inheriting a damaged suppressor gene that leads to cancer (retinoblastoma).
    *   The "threat" the baby faced refers to the possibility/danger of having this genetic predisposition to cancer.
    *   It's not a warning (Sense 2), a declaration of intent (Sense 3), or a person (Sense 4).
    *   It is a source of danger or a potential hazard (the genetic mutation/cancer risk).

    *   Sense 1: "something that is a source of danger". This fits perfectly. The genetic predisposition to cancer is the source of danger.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "baby" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan <t>baby</t> faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=a very young child (birth to 1 year) who has not yet begun to walk or talk | synonyms=babe, infant | examples=the baby began to cry again; she held the baby in her arms
2. definition=the youngest member of a group (not necessarily young) | examples=the baby of the family; the baby of the Supreme Court
3. definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=child | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
4. definition=an unborn child; a human fetus | examples=I felt healthy and very feminine carrying the baby; it was great to feel my baby moving about inside
5. definition=(slang) sometimes used as a term of address for attractive young women | synonyms=babe, sister
6. definition=a very young mammal | examples=baby rabbits
7. definition=a project of personal concern to someone | examples=this project is his baby

reasoning_content:
*   Context: A story about Bill and Bonnie Quinlan, who are concerned about their child inheriting a gene for retinoblastoma.
    *   Sentence: "Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan <t>baby</t> faced."
    *   Further context: "A test using new 'genetic probes' showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene..."

    *   Sense 1: A very young child (birth to 1 year).
    *   Sense 2: Youngest member of a group.
    *   Sense 3: Immature childish person.
    *   Sense 4: Unborn child; human fetus.
    *   Sense 5: Slang for attractive young women.
    *   Sense 6: Very young mammal.
    *   Sense 7: Project of personal concern.

    *   The text mentions Bonnie became pregnant in 1987.
    *   The "Quinlan baby" is later identified as "little Will Quinlan."
    *   The test was done to see if the child inherited a gene.
    *   The context refers to a human child.
    *   Is it an unborn child (Sense 4) or a very young child (Sense 1)?
    *   The sentence says "it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced."
    *   The next sentence says "A test... showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited...".
    *   Usually, "baby" in the context of a newborn or infant refers to Sense 1. If the test was prenatal, it could be Sense 4. However, "little Will Quinlan" suggests he has been born or is being referred to as a child.
    *   Let's re-read: "Bonnie became pregnant in 1987... it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced."
    *   If Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 and the test happened "last January", and the text is written after the birth (referring to "little Will Quinlan"), the "baby" is the child.
    *   Sense 1 is the most general and fitting description for a very young child.

    *   Sense 1: Very young child. (Fits)
    *   Sense 2: Youngest member. (Doesn't fit)
    *   Sense 3: Immature person. (Doesn't fit)
    *   Sense 4: Unborn child. (Possible, but "little Will Quinlan" and the general usage usually point to Sense 1 unless specifically prenatal).
    *   Sense 5: Slang. (Doesn't fit)
    *   Sense 6: Mammal. (Too broad, though technically true, Sense 1 is specific to humans).
    *   Sense 7: Project. (Doesn't fit)

    *   The text says "Bonnie became pregnant in 1987".
    *   "it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced."
    *   "A test... showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited..."
    *   The term "baby" here refers to the child Will Quinlan. Whether he was born or unborn at the exact moment of the test is slightly ambiguous, but "baby" in this context almost always maps to Sense 1 (infant/young child) or Sense 4 (fetus).
    *   Given the options, Sense 1 is the standard meaning for a human infant.

    *   Sense 1: a very young child (birth to 1 year)
    *   Sense 4: an unborn child; a human fetus
    *   Looking at the flow: "Bonnie became pregnant in 1987... it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced."
    *   If the test was done *before* birth, it's Sense 4. If *after*, it's Sense 1.
    *   "A test... showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited..."
    *   Usually, in these NLP tasks, "baby" referring to a child is Sense 1. Let's check if there's a stronger hint for Sense 4.
    *   "Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals..."
    *   The text discusses predictive diagnosis.
    *   Actually, looking at the phrasing "the Quinlan baby", it's a common way to refer to the child of a couple, regardless of whether they are born yet, but Sense 1 is the primary definition for a young child.

    *   Wait, let's look at the timeline again. "Bonnie became pregnant in 1987... it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced."
    *   If the pregnancy was in 1987 and the test was "last January", and the text is written in, say, 1988 or 1989, the baby could be an infant.
    *   Most likely Sense 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "face" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby <t>faced</t>. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=deal with (something unpleasant) head on | synonyms=confront, face up | examples=You must confront your problems; He faced the terrible consequences of his mistakes
2. definition=oppose, as in hostility or a competition | synonyms=confront | examples=You must confront your opponent; Jackson faced Smith in the boxing ring
3. definition=be oriented in a certain direction, often with respect to another reference point; be opposite to | synonyms=front, look | examples=The house looks north; My backyard look onto the pond
4. definition=be opposite | examples=the facing page; the two sofas face each other
5. definition=turn so as to face; turn the face in a certain direction | examples=Turn and face your partner now
6. definition=present somebody with something, usually to accuse or criticize | synonyms=confront, present | examples=We confronted him with the evidence; He was faced with all the evidence and could no longer deny his actions
7. definition=turn so as to expose the face | examples=face a playing card
8. definition=line the edge (of a garment) with a different material | examples=face the lapels of the jacket
9. definition=cover the front or surface of | examples=The building was faced with beautiful stones

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby <t>faced</t>." and "...therefore, faced no more risk than other children..."
    *   Target word: "faced"
    *   Meaning in context: The baby was in a situation where they might have a certain risk or threat. They were "confronted" by a potential medical danger.

    *   Sense 1: deal with (something unpleasant) head on | synonyms=confront, face up | examples=You must confront your problems; He faced the terrible consequences of his mistakes.
    *   Sense 2: oppose, as in hostility or a competition | synonyms=confront | examples=You must confront your opponent; Jackson faced Smith in the boxing ring.
    *   Sense 3: be oriented in a certain direction... | synonyms=front, look | examples=The house looks north.
    *   Sense 4: be opposite | examples=the facing page.
    *   Sense 5: turn so as to face... | examples=Turn and face your partner now.
    *   Sense 6: present somebody with something, usually to accuse or criticize | synonyms=confront, present | examples=We confronted him with the evidence.
    *   Sense 7: turn so as to expose the face | examples=face a playing card.
    *   Sense 8: line the edge (of a garment)... | examples=face the lapels of the jacket.
    *   Sense 9: cover the front or surface of | examples=The building was faced with beautiful stones.

    *   The context is "what threat the Quinlan baby faced" and "faced no more risk".
    *   This describes being in a position where one must deal with or is subject to an unpleasant possibility (a threat or risk).
    *   Sense 1 ("deal with (something unpleasant) head on") fits best, as "facing a threat" or "facing a risk" means being confronted by it or being subject to it.
    *   Sense 2 is about competition/hostility.
    *   Sense 6 is about being presented with evidence/accusations.

    *   "Face a threat" or "face a risk" is a common usage meaning to be confronted by a problem or danger. This aligns with Sense 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "use" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test <t>using</t> new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan.

Senses:
1. definition=put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose | synonyms=utilize, utilise, apply, employ | examples=use your head!; we only use Spanish at home
2. definition=take or consume (regularly or habitually) | synonyms=habituate | examples=She uses drugs rarely
3. definition=use up, consume fully | synonyms=expend | examples=The legislature expended its time on school questions
4. definition=seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage | examples=She uses her influential friends to get jobs; The president's wife used her good connections
5. definition=avail oneself to | synonyms=practice, apply | examples=apply a principle; practice a religion
6. definition=habitually do something (use only in the past tense) | examples=She used to call her mother every week but now she calls only occasionally; I used to get sick when I ate in that dining hall

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "A test <t>using</t> new 'genetic probes' showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene..."
    *   Target word: "using" (present participle of "use").

    *   Sense 1: put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose (utilize, apply, employ).
    *   Sense 2: take or consume (regularly or habitually) (drugs, etc.).
    *   Sense 3: use up, consume fully (expend).
    *   Sense 4: seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage (manipulate/leverage).
    *   Sense 5: avail oneself to (practice a religion, apply a principle).
    *   Sense 6: habitually do something (past tense "used to").

    *   The sentence says "A test using new 'genetic probes' showed...".
    *   This means the test *employed* or *utilized* genetic probes to achieve the result.
    *   This matches Sense 1: "put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose".

    *   Sense 2 (drugs/consumption) - No.
    *   Sense 3 (expend/use up) - No.
    *   Sense 4 (leverage/advantage) - No.
    *   Sense 5 (practice/apply principle) - No.
    *   Sense 6 (past habit) - No.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "new" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using <t>new</t> "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan.

Senses:
1. definition=not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered | examples=a new law; new cars
2. definition=original and of a kind not seen before | synonyms=fresh, novel | examples=the computer produced a completely novel proof of a well-known theorem
3. definition=lacking training or experience | synonyms=raw | examples=the new men were eager to fight; raw recruits
4. definition=having no previous example or precedent or parallel | synonyms=unexampled | examples=a time of unexampled prosperity
5. definition=other than the former one(s); different | examples=they now have a new leaders; my new car is four years old but has only 15,000 miles on it
6. definition=unaffected by use or exposure | examples=it looks like new
7. definition=(of a new kind or fashion) gratuitously new | synonyms=newfangled | examples=newfangled ideas; she buys all these new-fangled machines and never uses them
8. definition=in use after medieval times | examples=New Eqyptian was the language of the 18th to 21st dynasties
9. definition=used of a living language; being the current stage in its development | synonyms=Modern | examples=Modern English; New Hebrew is Israeli Hebrew
10. definition=(of crops) harvested at an early stage of development; before complete maturity | synonyms=young | examples=new potatoes; young corn
11. definition=unfamiliar | examples=new experiences; experiences new to him

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "A test using <t>new</t> 'genetic probes' showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene..."
    *   Target word: "new" (modifying "genetic probes").
    *   Meaning in context: The genetic probes were recently developed or discovered.

    *   Sense 1: not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered. (Example: a new law; new cars)
    *   Sense 2: original and of a kind not seen before (novel). (Example: a completely novel proof)
    *   Sense 3: lacking training or experience (raw). (Example: raw recruits)
    *   Sense 4: having no previous example or precedent (unexampled). (Example: unexampled prosperity)
    *   Sense 5: other than the former one(s); different. (Example: new leaders)
    *   Sense 6: unaffected by use or exposure. (Example: looks like new)
    *   Sense 7: gratuitously new (newfangled). (Example: newfangled ideas)
    *   Sense 8: in use after medieval times. (Example: New Egyptian)
    *   Sense 9: current stage in development (Modern). (Example: Modern English)
    *   Sense 10: harvested at an early stage (young). (Example: new potatoes)
    *   Sense 11: unfamiliar. (Example: new experiences)

    *   The "genetic probes" are tools/technologies that have been recently developed or discovered.
    *   This fits perfectly with Sense 1: "having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered".

    *   Sense 2 (novel) is close, but "new" in this context usually refers to the recency of the invention rather than its absolute uniqueness or originality in a theoretical sense.
    *   Sense 5 (different) doesn't fit because it's not comparing them to previous probes used for the same person, but rather introducing a recent technological advancement.
    *   Sense 1 is the most standard meaning for a recently developed scientific tool.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "genetic" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "<t>genetic</t> probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan.

Senses:
1. definition=occurring among members of a family usually by heredity | synonyms=familial, hereditary, inherited, transmitted, transmissible | examples=an inherited disease; familial traits
2. definition=of or relating to or produced by or being a gene | synonyms=genic, genetical | examples=genic combinations; genetic code
3. definition=pertaining to or referring to origin | examples=genetic history reconstructs the origins of a literary work
4. definition=of or relating to the science of genetics | synonyms=genetical | examples=genetic research

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "A test using new 'genetic probes' showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene..."
    *   Target word: "genetic" (in "genetic probes").
    *   Contextual clues: "damaged gene", "retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene", "inherited a damaged... gene".

    *   Sense 1: occurring among members of a family usually by heredity (familial, hereditary).
    *   Sense 2: of or relating to or produced by or being a gene (genic).
    *   Sense 3: pertaining to or referring to origin (e.g., literary work).
    *   Sense 4: of or relating to the science of genetics (e.g., research).

    *   "Genetic probes" are tools used to detect specific DNA sequences (genes).
    *   Is it "occurring among members of a family"? No, the *probe* itself isn't hereditary.
    *   Is it "of or relating to or produced by or being a gene"? Yes, a genetic probe relates directly to the gene/DNA sequence it targets.
    *   Is it "pertaining to origin" (literary/historical)? No.
    *   Is it "relating to the science of genetics"? While it's used *in* the science of genetics, the probe itself is a tool that relates to the gene/DNA.

    *   Sense 2: "of or relating to or produced by or being a gene". A genetic probe is a piece of DNA (a gene fragment) used to find another piece of DNA. This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 4: "of or relating to the science of genetics". "Genetic research" fits here. "Genetic probes" are the tools *of* the science, but they are specifically *gene-based* tools.

    *   In many dictionaries, "genetic" in "genetic engineering" or "genetic probe" refers to the genes themselves (Sense 2) rather than the broad field of study (Sense 4).
    *   Let's re-read Sense 2: "of or relating to or produced by or being a gene".
    *   Let's re-read Sense 4: "of or relating to the science of genetics".
    *   A "genetic probe" is a molecule (DNA/RNA) that relates to a gene.

    *   Sense 1: Hereditary (e.g., genetic disease).
    *   Sense 2: Relating to genes (e.g., genetic code, genetic probe).
    *   Sense 3: Origin (e.g., genetic history of a word).
    *   Sense 4: Relating to the study (e.g., geneticist, genetic research).

    The phrase "genetic probes" refers to the molecular tools that target genes. This aligns best with Sense 2.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "show" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "<t>showed</t> that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan.

Senses:
1. definition=give an exhibition of to an interested audience | synonyms=demo, exhibit, present, demonstrate | examples=She shows her dogs frequently; We will demo the new software in Washington
2. definition=establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment | synonyms=prove, demonstrate, establish, shew | examples=The experiment demonstrated the instability of the compound; The mathematician showed the validity of the conjecture
3. definition=provide evidence for | synonyms=testify, bear witness, prove, evidence | examples=The blood test showed that he was the father; Her behavior testified to her incompetence
4. definition=make visible or noticeable | examples=She showed her talent for cooking; Show me your etchings, please
5. definition=show in, or as in, a picture | synonyms=picture, depict, render | examples=This scene depicts country life; the face of the child is rendered with much tenderness in this painting
6. definition=give expression to | synonyms=express, evince | examples=She showed her disappointment
7. definition=indicate a place, direction, person, or thing; either spatially or figuratively | synonyms=indicate, point, designate | examples=I showed the customer the glove section; He pointed to the empty parking space
8. definition=be or become visible or noticeable | synonyms=show up | examples=His good upbringing really shows; The dirty side will show
9. definition=indicate a certain reading; of gauges and instruments | synonyms=read, register, record | examples=The thermometer showed thirteen degrees below zero; The gauge read `empty'
10. definition=give evidence of, as of records | examples=The diary shows his distress that evening
11. definition=take (someone) to their seats, as in theaters or auditoriums | synonyms=usher | examples=The usher showed us to our seats
12. definition=finish third or better in a horse or dog race | examples=he bet $2 on number six to show

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "A test using new 'genetic probes' <t>showed</t> that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene..."
    *   Target word: "showed"

    *   Sense 1: Exhibition to an audience (demo, exhibit). (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Establish validity (prove, demonstrate). (Possible, but usually refers to a logical proof or a scientific experiment establishing a general rule).
    *   Sense 3: Provide evidence for (testify, bear witness, prove, evidence). Example: "The blood test showed that he was the father." (Very strong match: a medical test providing evidence about a specific individual's genetic status).
    *   Sense 4: Make visible or noticeable. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 5: Depict in a picture. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 6: Give expression to (express, evince). (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 7: Indicate a place/direction. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 8: Be or become visible. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 9: Indicate a reading (gauges/instruments). (Incorrect - a genetic probe is a test, not a gauge like a thermometer).
    *   Sense 10: Give evidence of, as of records. (Incorrect - this is more about documents/diaries).
    *   Sense 11: Take to seats. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 12: Horse racing. (Incorrect)

    *   Sense 2: "establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment"
    *   Sense 3: "provide evidence for" (Example: "The blood test showed that he was the father")

    The context "A test using new 'genetic probes' showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited..." is almost identical in structure and meaning to the example for Sense 3 ("The blood test showed that he was the father"). Both involve a medical test providing evidence about a biological fact.

Sense 3 is the best fit.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "little" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that <t>little</t> Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan.

Senses:
1. definition=limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent | synonyms=small | examples=a little dining room; a little house
2. definition=(quantifier used with mass nouns) small in quantity or degree; not much or almost none or (with `a') at least some | synonyms=slight | examples=little rain fell in May; gave it little thought
3. definition=(of children and animals) young, immature | synonyms=small | examples=what a big little boy you are; small children
4. definition=(informal) small and of little importance | synonyms=fiddling, footling, lilliputian, niggling, piddling, piffling | examples=a fiddling sum of money; a footling gesture
5. definition=(of a voice) faint | synonyms=small | examples=a little voice; a still small voice
6. definition=low in stature; not tall | synonyms=short | examples=he was short and stocky; short in stature
7. definition=lowercase | synonyms=minuscule, small | examples=little a; small a
8. definition=small in a way that arouses feelings (of tenderness or its opposite depending on the context) | examples=a nice little job; bless your little heart

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...showed that <t>little</t> Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene..."
    *   Target word: "little"
    *   Referent: "Will Quinlan" (a child/baby).

    *   Sense 1: limited/below average in number/quantity/magnitude/extent (e.g., a little house).
    *   Sense 2: (quantifier) small in quantity/degree (e.g., little rain).
    *   Sense 3: (of children and animals) young, immature (e.g., what a big little boy you are).
    *   Sense 4: (informal) small and of little importance (e.g., a fiddling sum).
    *   Sense 5: (of a voice) faint (e.g., a little voice).
    *   Sense 6: low in stature; not tall (e.g., short and stocky).
    *   Sense 7: lowercase (e.g., little a).
    *   Sense 8: small in a way that arouses feelings of tenderness (e.g., bless your little heart).

    *   "little Will Quinlan" refers to a child.
    *   Sense 3 specifically mentions "of children and animals" and "young, immature".
    *   Sense 8 is also possible (tenderness), but Sense 3 is the primary descriptive sense for a child's age/status in this context. However, looking closer at the context, "little Will Quinlan" is used as a descriptor for the child.
    *   Let's compare Sense 3 and Sense 8.
        *   Sense 3: "young, immature" (e.g., "what a big little boy you are").
        *   Sense 8: "small in a way that arouses feelings (of tenderness...)" (e.g., "bless your little heart").
    *   In the phrase "little Will Quinlan", it's a common way to refer to a child, emphasizing their youth/smallness. Sense 3 is the most direct fit for referring to a child.

    *   The context describes a baby/child ("the Quinlan baby").
    *   "little Will Quinlan" = the young child Will Quinlan.
    *   Sense 3: "(of children and animals) young, immature". This fits perfectly.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "inherit" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not <t>inherited</t> a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan.

Senses:
1. definition=obtain from someone after their death | examples=I inherited a castle from my French grandparents
2. definition=receive from a predecessor | examples=The new chairman inherited many problems from the previous chair
3. definition=receive by genetic transmission | examples=I inherited my good eyesight from my mother

reasoning_content:
*   Context: A passage about genetic tests for retinoblastoma (eye cancer). It mentions a father (Mr. Quinlan) who carries a damaged gene and the test results for his son (Will Quinlan).
    *   Target word: "inherited" (in the sentence: "A test using new 'genetic probes' showed that little Will Quinlan had not <t>inherited</t> a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene...")
    *   Senses:
        1.  Obtain from someone after their death (e.g., a castle).
        2.  Receive from a predecessor (e.g., problems from a previous chairman).
        3.  Receive by genetic transmission (e.g., eyesight from a mother).

    *   The context explicitly mentions "genetic tests", "damaged gene", "retinoblastoma supressor gene", and "genetic probes".
    *   The word "inherited" refers to whether the child received the damaged gene from the parent.
    *   This matches Sense 3: "receive by genetic transmission".

    *   Sense 1: Not about death/estates.
    *   Sense 2: Not about professional predecessors.
    *   Sense 3: Matches perfectly.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "damaged" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a <t>damaged</t> retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan.

Senses:
1. definition=harmed or injured or spoiled | examples=I won't buy damaged goods; the storm left a wake of badly damaged buildings
2. definition=being unjustly brought into disrepute | synonyms=discredited | examples=a discredited politician; her damaged reputation

reasoning_content:
*   Context: A passage about genetic tests for retinoblastoma. It mentions a "damaged gene" and a "damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene."
    *   Target word: "damaged" (marked with `<t></t>`).
    *   Senses provided:
        1.  harmed or injured or spoiled (e.g., damaged goods, damaged buildings).
        2.  being unjustly brought into disrepute / discredited (e.g., damaged reputation).

    *   The text discusses a "damaged gene" in the context of cancer susceptibility (retinoblastoma).
    *   In genetics, a "damaged gene" refers to a mutation or a defect in the DNA sequence that prevents the gene from functioning correctly.
    *   This aligns with the idea of being "harmed," "injured," or "spoiled" (in a biological/structural sense), rather than "discredited" or "brought into disrepute" (which applies to reputation).

    *   Sense 1: harmed or injured or spoiled. (Fits the biological context of a mutation/defect).
    *   Sense 2: discredited/reputation. (Does not fit).

    *   The correct sense is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "face" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, <t>faced</t> no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan.

Senses:
1. definition=deal with (something unpleasant) head on | synonyms=confront, face up | examples=You must confront your problems; He faced the terrible consequences of his mistakes
2. definition=oppose, as in hostility or a competition | synonyms=confront | examples=You must confront your opponent; Jackson faced Smith in the boxing ring
3. definition=be oriented in a certain direction, often with respect to another reference point; be opposite to | synonyms=front, look | examples=The house looks north; My backyard look onto the pond
4. definition=be opposite | examples=the facing page; the two sofas face each other
5. definition=turn so as to face; turn the face in a certain direction | examples=Turn and face your partner now
6. definition=present somebody with something, usually to accuse or criticize | synonyms=confront, present | examples=We confronted him with the evidence; He was faced with all the evidence and could no longer deny his actions
7. definition=turn so as to expose the face | examples=face a playing card
8. definition=line the edge (of a garment) with a different material | examples=face the lapels of the jacket
9. definition=cover the front or surface of | examples=The building was faced with beautiful stones

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, <t>faced</t> no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer."
    *   Target word: "faced"
    *   Meaning in context: Will Quinlan was not exposed to or did not have to deal with a higher risk of cancer. He didn't "confront" or "encounter" a specific danger.

    *   Sense 1: deal with (something unpleasant) head on | synonyms=confront, face up | examples=You must confront your problems; He faced the terrible consequences of his mistakes.
    *   Sense 2: oppose, as in hostility or a competition | synonyms=confront | examples=You must confront your opponent; Jackson faced Smith in the boxing ring.
    *   Sense 3: be oriented in a certain direction... | synonyms=front, look | examples=The house looks north.
    *   Sense 4: be opposite | examples=the facing page.
    *   Sense 5: turn so as to face... | examples=Turn and face your partner now.
    *   Sense 6: present somebody with something, usually to accuse or criticize | synonyms=confront, present | examples=We confronted him with the evidence.
    *   Sense 7: turn so as to expose the face | examples=face a playing card.
    *   Sense 8: line the edge (of a garment)... | examples=face the lapels of the jacket.
    *   Sense 9: cover the front or surface of | examples=The building was faced with beautiful stones.

    *   The context is "faced no more risk".
    *   This means he was not in a position where he had to deal with or encounter a specific risk.
    *   Sense 1 ("deal with (something unpleasant) head on") fits best, as "risk" is the unpleasant thing being dealt with or encountered. While "head on" might seem too active for a baby, "facing a risk" is a standard usage of this sense (meaning to be confronted by or exposed to a problem/danger).

    *   Sense 2 (competition) - No.
    *   Sense 3 (direction) - No.
    *   Sense 4 (opposite) - No.
    *   Sense 5 (turn) - No.
    *   Sense 6 (accuse/criticize) - No.
    *   Sense 7 (playing card) - No.
    *   Sense 8 (garment) - No.
    *   Sense 9 (surface) - No.

    *   Sense 1: "deal with (something unpleasant) head on". Example: "He faced the terrible consequences of his mistakes."
    *   Context: "...faced no more risk than other children..."
    *   This matches the idea of being confronted by or exposed to an unpleasant situation (risk).


[User]
Which numbered sense of "more" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no <t>more</t> risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan.

Senses:
1. definition=(comparative of `much' used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree | synonyms=more than | examples=more land; more support
2. definition=(comparative of `many' used with count nouns) quantifier meaning greater in number | examples=a hall with more seats; we have no more bananas

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no <t>more</t> risk than other children of developing the rare cancer."
    *   Target word: "more"
    *   Usage: "no more risk than other children"

    *   Sense 1: Comparative of 'much' (mass nouns). Greater in size, amount, extent, or degree. (e.g., more land, more support).
    *   Sense 2: Comparative of 'many' (count nouns). Greater in number. (e.g., more seats, more bananas).

    *   The word "more" modifies "risk".
    *   Is "risk" a mass noun or a count noun in this context?
    *   "Risk" here refers to the *degree* of probability or danger. You don't say "three risks" in the sense of "three amounts of probability" in this specific sentence; you are talking about the *amount* or *extent* of the risk.
    *   "No more risk than other children" means the *degree* of risk is not greater.
    *   Therefore, it is used as a quantifier for a mass noun (or an uncountable concept of degree/extent).

    *   Sense 1: Mass nouns, size/amount/extent/degree. (Fits "risk").
    *   Sense 2: Count nouns, number. (Does not fit "risk" in this context).


[User]
Which numbered sense of "risk" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more <t>risk</t> than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan.

Senses:
1. definition=a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune | synonyms=hazard, jeopardy, peril, endangerment | examples=drinking alcohol is a health hazard
2. definition=a venture undertaken without regard to possible loss or injury | synonyms=peril, danger | examples=he saw the rewards but not the risks of crime; there was a danger he would do the wrong thing
3. definition=the probability of becoming infected given that exposure to an infectious agent has occurred | synonyms=risk of infection
4. definition=the probability of being exposed to an infectious agent | synonyms=risk of exposure

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more <t>risk</t> than other children of developing the rare cancer."
    *   Target word: "risk"
    *   Meaning in context: The likelihood or possibility of developing a specific cancer (retinoblastoma).

    *   Sense 1: "a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune" (Synonyms: hazard, jeopardy, peril, endangerment). Example: "drinking alcohol is a health hazard".
    *   Sense 2: "a venture undertaken without regard to possible loss or injury" (Synonyms: peril, danger). Example: "he saw the rewards but not the risks of crime".
    *   Sense 3: "the probability of becoming infected given that exposure to an infectious agent has occurred" (Synonyms: risk of infection).
    *   Sense 4: "the probability of being exposed to an infectious agent" (Synonyms: risk of exposure).

    *   The context is about cancer (retinoblastoma), which is genetic, not an infectious disease.
    *   Sense 3 and 4 specifically mention "infectious agent," so they are incorrect.
    *   Sense 2 refers to a "venture undertaken" (like a gamble or a risky action), which doesn't fit the context of genetic predisposition.
    *   Sense 1 refers to "a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune" or a "source of danger." In medical contexts, "risk" often refers to the probability of a negative health outcome (like developing cancer). This fits the general definition of "possibility of incurring loss or misfortune" (where the misfortune is the cancer).

    *   "faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer"
    *   This means the *possibility* or *probability* of developing the cancer.
    *   Sense 1 is the most general and fits best among the choices provided, as it covers the possibility of a negative outcome.

    *   Sense 1: General possibility of misfortune/danger. (Fits)
    *   Sense 2: A gamble/venture. (Doesn't fit)
    *   Sense 3: Infection probability. (Doesn't fit - cancer isn't an infection here)
    *   Sense 4: Exposure probability. (Doesn't fit - cancer isn't an infection here)


[User]
Which numbered sense of "other" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than <t>other</t> children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan.

Senses:
1. definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
2. definition=recently past | examples=the other evening
3. definition=belonging to the distant past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
4. definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than <t>other</t> children of developing the rare cancer."
    *   Target word: "other"
    *   Meaning in context: Will Quinlan's risk is compared to the risk of children in general (those who are not him/his family). It refers to children different from the one mentioned.

    *   Sense 1: "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied" (e.g., "highways and other public works").
    *   Sense 2: "recently past" (e.g., "the other evening").
    *   Sense 3: "belonging to the distant past" (e.g., "former generations").
    *   Sense 4: "very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected" (e.g., "a strange, other dimension").

    *   The phrase "other children" refers to children who are not Will Quinlan.
    *   This matches Sense 1: "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied".

    *   Sense 2 (recently past) is incorrect.
    *   Sense 3 (distant past) is incorrect.
    *   Sense 4 (unusual/strange) is incorrect.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "child" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other <t>children</t> of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan.

Senses:
1. definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
2. definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=kid | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
3. definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=baby | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
4. definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other <t>children</t> of developing the rare cancer."
    *   Target word: "children" (plural of "child").
    *   Contextual meaning: Will Quinlan is a baby/young child. He is being compared to other children in terms of the risk of developing a rare cancer.

    *   Sense 1: "a young person of either sex" (kid, youngster). Focuses on age.
    *   Sense 2: "a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age" (kid). Focuses on the relationship to parents.
    *   Sense 3: "an immature childish person" (baby). Focuses on behavior/maturity.
    *   Sense 4: "a member of a clan or tribe". Focuses on lineage/group identity.

    *   The sentence says "faced no more risk than other children".
    *   Is it referring to offspring (Sense 2)? While Will is an offspring, the comparison "other children" refers to other young people in general, not specifically "other offspring of their parents" or "other people who are offspring".
    *   Is it referring to young people (Sense 1)? Yes. The risk of developing retinoblastoma is being discussed in the context of childhood/births. "Other children" here means other young humans.
    *   Is it referring to immature people (Sense 3)? No.
    *   Is it referring to a clan/tribe (Sense 4)? No.

    *   Sense 1: "a young person of either sex".
    *   Sense 2: "a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age".
    *   In the phrase "no more risk than other children", the comparison is based on the age group (children vs. adults or just generally among the population of young people). Retinoblastoma is a childhood cancer.
    *   If it meant "offspring", it would be a strange comparison unless it meant "other people's offspring", but usually, "children" in a medical context regarding a childhood disease refers to the age group.

    *   "any child of theirs" (earlier in the text) -> Sense 2 (offspring).
    *   "other children of developing the rare cancer" -> Sense 1 (young people).

    *   Sense 1 fits best because it refers to the age group susceptible to the disease.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "develop" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of <t>developing</t> the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan.

Senses:
1. definition=make something new, such as a product or a mental or artistic creation | examples=Her company developed a new kind of building material that withstands all kinds of weather; They developed a new technique
2. definition=work out | synonyms=evolve, germinate | examples=We have developed a new theory of evolution
3. definition=gain through experience | synonyms=acquire, evolve | examples=I acquired a strong aversion to television; Children must develop a sense of right and wrong
4. definition=come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes) | synonyms=grow, produce, get, acquire | examples=He grew a beard; The patient developed abdominal pains
5. definition=come into existence; take on form or shape | synonyms=originate, arise, rise, uprise, spring up, grow | examples=A new religious movement originated in that country; a love that sprang up from friendship
6. definition=change the use of and make available or usable | synonyms=build up | examples=develop land; The country developed its natural resources
7. definition=elaborate, as of theories and hypotheses | synonyms=explicate, formulate | examples=Could you develop the ideas in your thesis
8. definition=create by training and teaching | synonyms=train, prepare, educate | examples=The old master is training world-class violinists; we develop the leaders for the future
9. definition=be gradually disclosed or unfolded; become manifest | examples=The plot developed slowly
10. definition=grow, progress, unfold, or evolve through a process of evolution, natural growth, differentiation, or a conducive environment | examples=A flower developed on the branch; The country developed into a mighty superpower
11. definition=become technologically advanced | synonyms=modernize, modernise | examples=Many countries in Asia are now developing at a very fast pace; Viet Nam is modernizing rapidly
12. definition=cause to grow and differentiate in ways conforming to its natural development | synonyms=make grow | examples=The perfect climate here develops the grain; He developed a new kind of apple
13. definition=generate gradually | examples=We must develop more potential customers; develop a market for the new mobile phone
14. definition=grow emotionally or mature | synonyms=grow | examples=The child developed beautifully in her new kindergarten; When he spent a summer at camp, the boy grew noticeably and no longer showed some of his old adolescent behavior
15. definition=make visible by means of chemical solutions | examples=Please develop this roll of film for me
16. definition=superimpose a three-dimensional surface on a plane without stretching, in geometry
17. definition=move one's pieces into strategically more advantageous positions | examples=Spassky developed quickly
18. definition=move into a strategically more advantageous position | examples=develop the rook
19. definition=elaborate by the unfolding of a musical idea and by the working out of the rhythmic and harmonic changes in the theme | examples=develop the melody and change the key
20. definition=happen | synonyms=break, recrudesce | examples=Report the news as it develops; These political movements recrudesce from time to time
21. definition=expand in the form of a series | examples=Develop the function in the following form

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...faced no more risk than other children of <t>developing</t> the rare cancer."
    *   Target word: "developing" (from "develop").
    *   Meaning in context: To start to have a disease or medical condition.

    *   1: make something new (product/creation) - No.
    *   2: work out (theory) - No.
    *   3: gain through experience (aversion, sense of right/wrong) - No.
    *   4: come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes) | synonyms=grow, produce, get, acquire | examples=He grew a beard; The patient developed abdominal pains - *This fits well. "Developing a cancer" is similar to "developing abdominal pains" (getting a medical condition).*
    *   5: come into existence (religious movement, love) - No.
    *   6: change use of land/resources - No.
    *   7: elaborate on theories - No.
    *   8: create by training/teaching - No.
    *   9: be gradually disclosed (plot) - No.
    *   10: grow/progress through evolution/natural growth (flower, superpower) - No.
    *   11: become technologically advanced - No.
    *   12: cause to grow (grain, apple) - No.
    *   13: generate gradually (customers, market) - No.
    *   14: grow emotionally/mature - No.
    *   15: make visible (film) - No.
    *   16: geometry (3D surface on plane) - No.
    *   17: chess (pieces) - No.
    *   18: chess (rook) - No.
    *   19: music (melody) - No.
    *   20: happen (news, political movements) - No.
    *   21: expand in a series (function) - No.

    *   Sense 4: "come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes) | synonyms=grow, produce, get, acquire | examples=He grew a beard; The patient developed abdominal pains."
    *   In the context "developing the rare cancer," the person is "coming to have" or "acquiring" a medical condition. This matches the example "The patient developed abdominal pains."