[User]
Which numbered sense of "evening" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology securities have thereby lost some ground. The bond market has fallen. Treasury 10-year bond yields have grown to 3.540% against 3.482% on Tuesday evening, and 30-year bond yields are at 4.497% against 4.492% the previous <t>evening</t>.

Senses:
1. definition=the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall) | synonyms=eve, even, eventide | examples=he enjoyed the evening light across the lake
2. definition=a later concluding time period | examples=it was the evening of the Roman Empire
3. definition=the early part of night (from dinner until bedtime) spent in a special way | examples=an evening at the opera

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...Treasury 10-year bond yields have grown to 3.540% against 3.482% on Tuesday evening, and 30-year bond yields are at 4.497% against 4.492% the previous <t>evening</t>."
    *   Target word: "evening"
    *   Senses:
        1.  The latter part of the day (decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall).
        2.  A later concluding time period (e.g., evening of the Roman Empire).
        3.  The early part of night spent in a special way (e.g., an evening at the opera).

    *   The sentence compares bond yields on "Tuesday evening" and "the previous evening".
    *   In financial contexts, "evening" refers to the time of day when markets close or data is reported at the end of the trading day.
    *   This refers to the time of day (the latter part of the day).

    *   Sense 1: "the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)". This fits the temporal reference of a specific time of day.
    *   Sense 2: "a later concluding time period". This is metaphorical/historical (e.g., the end of an era). Not applicable here.
    *   Sense 3: "the early part of night... spent in a special way". This refers to an event or activity. Not applicable here.

    *   The word "evening" in "the previous evening" refers to the time of day. Sense 1 is the correct definition.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[User]
Which numbered sense of "deal" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches <t>deals</t> with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday.

Senses:
1. definition=a particular instance of buying or selling | synonyms=trade, business deal | examples=it was a package deal; I had no further trade with him
2. definition=an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each | synonyms=bargain | examples=he made a bargain with the devil; he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals
3. definition=(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent | synonyms=batch, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful, heap | examples=a batch of letters; a deal of trouble
4. definition=a plank of softwood (fir or pine board)
5. definition=wood that is easy to saw (from conifers such as pine or fir) | synonyms=softwood
6. definition=the cards held in a card game by a given player at any given time | synonyms=hand | examples=I didn't hold a good hand all evening; he kept trying to see my hand
7. definition=the type of treatment received (especially as the result of an agreement) | examples=he got a good deal on his car
8. definition=the act of distributing playing cards | examples=the deal was passed around the table clockwise
9. definition=the act of apportioning or distributing something | examples=the captain was entrusted with the deal of provisions

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches <t>deals</t> with 10 foreign oil companies..."
    *   Target word: "deals" (plural of "deal").
    *   Meaning in context: The Iraqi Oil Ministry has come to agreements with 10 foreign oil companies to rebuild infrastructure.

    *   Sense 1: "a particular instance of buying or selling" (trade, business deal).
    *   Sense 2: "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each" (bargain).
    *   Sense 3: "a large number or amount or extent" (batch, flock).
    *   Sense 4: "a plank of softwood".
    *   Sense 5: "wood that is easy to saw".
    *   Sense 6: "the cards held in a card game".
    *   Sense 7: "the type of treatment received".
    *   Sense 8: "the act of distributing playing cards".
    *   Sense 9: "the act of apportioning or distributing something".

    *   The context describes the Iraqi Oil Ministry reaching "deals" with companies. This refers to formal agreements regarding obligations (rebuilding infrastructure) and likely financial/operational terms.
    *   Sense 1 (buying/selling) is close, but Sense 2 (agreement between parties fixing obligations) is a more precise fit for "reaching deals" in a diplomatic/governmental/corporate context.
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 1 vs Sense 2.
        *   Sense 1: "a particular instance of buying or selling" (e.g., "package deal").
        *   Sense 2: "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each" (e.g., "shady deals").
    *   "Reaching a deal" is a common idiom for arriving at an agreement.

    *   Sense 2 specifically mentions "an agreement between parties... fixing obligations of each". This perfectly matches the context of a government and oil companies agreeing to rebuild infrastructure.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[User]
Which numbered sense of "concern" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite <t>concerns</t> about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions.

Senses:
1. definition=something that interests you because it is important or affects you | examples=the safety of the ship is the captain's concern
2. definition=an anxious feeling | synonyms=care, fear | examples=care had aged him; they hushed it up out of fear of public reaction
3. definition=a feeling of sympathy for someone or something | examples=She felt strong concern for those less fortunate
4. definition=something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness | synonyms=worry, headache, vexation | examples=New York traffic is a constant concern; it's a major worry
5. definition=a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it | synonyms=business, business concern, business organization, business organisation | examples=he bought his brother's business; a small mom-and-pop business

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Despite <t>concerns</t> about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies..."
    *   Target word: "concerns" (plural of concern).
    *   Meaning in context: The word "concerns" here refers to the worries or anxieties that foreign oil companies might have regarding violence and political instability in Iraq.

    *   Sense 1: "something that interests you because it is important or affects you" (e.g., "the safety of the ship is the captain's concern"). This is more about responsibility or relevance.
    *   Sense 2: "an anxious feeling" (e.g., "care had aged him"). This is the *internal feeling* of anxiety.
    *   Sense 3: "a feeling of sympathy for someone or something" (e.g., "concern for those less fortunate"). This is about empathy.
    *   Sense 4: "something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness" (e.g., "New York traffic is a constant concern"). This refers to the *source* of the worry or the *issue* itself.
    *   Sense 5: "a commercial or industrial enterprise" (e.g., "a small mom-and-pop business"). This is a business entity.

    *   The sentence says "concerns about violence and political instability".
    *   Are "violence and political instability" the *feelings* (Sense 2) or the *sources of anxiety/worries* (Sense 4)?
    *   Usually, "concerns about [X]" refers to the worries/anxieties caused by [X].
    *   Let's look at Sense 4 again: "something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness".
    *   Let's look at Sense 2 again: "an anxious feeling".
    *   In "concerns about violence", the "concerns" are the worries themselves.
    *   Wait, let's re-evaluate.
    *   If I say "I have concerns about the weather," am I referring to the feeling of anxiety (Sense 2) or the specific issues/worries (Sense 4)?
    *   Sense 4: "New York traffic is a constant concern." (Traffic = the concern).
    *   In the context: "concerns about violence". Here, "concerns" are the worries *about* the violence.
    *   Actually, in many dictionaries, "concern" as a noun can mean "a matter of interest or importance" (Sense 1) or "anxiety/worry" (Sense 2/4).
    *   Let's compare Sense 2 and Sense 4 more closely.
        *   Sense 2: "an anxious feeling" (The emotion).
        *   Sense 4: "something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness" (The cause).
    *   In "concerns about violence", the "concerns" are not the violence itself (the violence is the cause), but the worries *resulting* from the violence.
    *   However, "concerns" in the plural often refers to specific worries or matters of anxiety.
    *   Example: "Environmental concerns" = worries about the environment.
    *   Is "environmental concerns" the *feeling* (Sense 2) or the *source* (Sense 4)?
    *   If "New York traffic is a constant concern", traffic is the source.
    *   If "concerns about violence", the "concerns" are the worries.
    *   Let's look at Sense 4 again: "something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness".
    *   If the sentence was "Violence is a concern", then violence = concern (Sense 4).
    *   But the sentence is "concerns about violence". This means "worries about violence".
    *   Is "worries" Sense 2 (anxious feeling) or Sense 4 (source of anxiety)?
    *   Actually, "worry" as a noun can be both.
    *   Let's re-read Sense 2: "an anxious feeling".
    *   Let's re-read Sense 4: "something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness".
    *   In "concerns about violence", the "concerns" are the things being felt.
    *   Wait, let's look at the examples for Sense 4: "New York traffic is a constant concern". Here, traffic is the concern.
    *   In "concerns about violence", the violence is the cause, and the "concerns" are the worries.
    *   Is a "worry" an "anxious feeling" (Sense 2) or a "source of anxiety" (Sense 4)?
    *   Usually, "I have some concerns" means "I have some worries".
    *   Let's check Sense 4 synonyms: "worry, headache, vexation".
    *   If I say "The budget is a major worry", that's Sense 4.
    *   If I say "I have a lot of worry/concern", that's Sense 2.
    *   "Concerns about violence" -> "Worries about violence".
    *   This feels more like Sense 4 (the worries themselves as issues) or Sense 2 (the feeling).
    *   Let's look at the phrasing "Despite concerns about...". This is a very common way to refer to "worries" or "apprehensions".
    *   Comparing Sense 2 and 4 again:
        Sense 2: "an anxious feeling" (uncountable usually, though "concerns" is plural).
        Sense 4: "something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness" (countable).
    *   "Concerns" (plural) almost always maps to Sense 4 in these types of NLP datasets (like WordNet), where it refers to the specific matters that cause anxiety.
    *   Let's test: "The concerns about the new law" = the things about the new law that cause anxiety.
    *   Therefore, "concerns about violence" = the things about the violence that cause anxiety.
    *   This fits Sense 4 better than Sense 2, because Sense 2 is the general feeling of anxiety.

    *   Sense 1: Responsibility/Interest. (No)
    *   Sense 2: Anxious feeling. (Possible, but usually singular/uncountable)
    *   Sense 3: Sympathy. (No)
    *   Sense 4: Source of anxiety/Worry. (Fits "concerns about X" where concerns are the specific worries)
    *   Sense 5: Business. (No)

    *   "Despite concerns about violence..."
    *   If we replace "concerns" with "worries" (Sense 4 synonym): "Despite worries about violence..." (Works)
    *   If we replace "concerns" with "anxious feelings" (Sense 2): "Despite anxious feelings about violence..." (Works, but less natural)
    *   If we replace "concerns" with "sources of anxiety" (Sense 4): "Despite sources of anxiety about violence..." (A bit clunky, but the "concerns" are the specific points of anxiety).

    *   In many dictionary contexts, "concern" (plural) meaning "worries" is categorized as "a matter that causes anxiety".
    *   Example: "Environmental concerns" = matters that cause anxiety regarding the environment.
    *   This aligns with Sense 4.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "violence" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about <t>violence</t> and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions.

Senses:
1. definition=an act of aggression (as one against a person who resists) | synonyms=force | examples=he may accomplish by craft in the long run what he cannot do by force and violence in the short one
2. definition=the property of being wild or turbulent | synonyms=ferocity, fierceness, furiousness, fury, vehemence, wildness | examples=the storm's violence
3. definition=a turbulent state resulting in injuries and destruction etc.

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Despite concerns about <t>violence</t> and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies..."
    *   Target word: "violence"
    *   Contextual clues: "political instability", "Iraqi government", "rebuild its ailing infrastructure", "decades of war and sanctions".

    *   Sense 1: "an act of aggression (as one against a person who resists)" - Focuses on the act of force/aggression.
    *   Sense 2: "the property of being wild or turbulent" - Focuses on nature/weather (e.g., a storm).
    *   Sense 3: "a turbulent state resulting in injuries and destruction etc." - Focuses on a general state of unrest, conflict, or societal chaos.

    *   The context refers to "violence and political instability" in Iraq.
    *   This isn't describing a single act of aggression against a resisting person (Sense 1).
    *   It's definitely not describing a storm or natural turbulence (Sense 2).
    *   It describes a general state of conflict, unrest, and danger associated with war and political instability (Sense 3).

    *   Sense 3 fits best as it describes the general state of violence/unrest in a region.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "instability" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political <t>instability</t>, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions.

Senses:
1. definition=an unstable order
2. definition=unreliability attributable to being unstable
3. definition=a lack of balance or state of disequilibrium | synonyms=imbalance, unbalance | examples=a hormonal imbalance
4. definition=the quality or attribute of being unstable and irresolute | synonyms=unstableness

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Despite concerns about violence and political <t>instability</t>, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies..."
    *   Target word: "instability"
    *   Contextual clues: "violence", "political", "Iraqi government", "rebuild its ailing infrastructure", "decades of war and sanctions".

    *   Sense 1: "an unstable order" (Often refers to political or social systems).
    *   Sense 2: "unreliability attributable to being unstable" (Often refers to physical objects, software, or emotional states).
    *   Sense 3: "a lack of balance or state of disequilibrium" (Physical or chemical balance, e.g., hormonal imbalance).
    *   Sense 4: "the quality or attribute of being unstable and irresolute" (Personality trait, indecisiveness).

    *   The context is "political instability" in Iraq.
    *   This refers to a state where the government or social order is not stable, prone to change, violence, or collapse.
    *   Sense 1 ("an unstable order") fits perfectly with "political instability".
    *   Sense 2 (unreliability) is too narrow.
    *   Sense 3 (lack of balance) is physical/chemical.
    *   Sense 4 (irresolute) refers to a person's character.

    *   The correct sense is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "government" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi <t>government</t> managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions.

Senses:
1. definition=the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit | synonyms=authorities, regime | examples=the government reduced taxes; the matter was referred to higher authorities
2. definition=the act of governing; exercising authority | synonyms=governing, governance, government activity, administration | examples=regulations for the governing of state prisons; he had considerable experience of government
3. definition=(government) the system or form by which a community or other political unit is governed | examples=tyrannical government
4. definition=the study of government of states and other political units | synonyms=politics, political science

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi <t>government</t> managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure..."
    *   Target word: "government"
    *   Usage: "the Iraqi government managed to attract..."

    *   Sense 1: The organization that is the governing authority of a political unit (e.g., authorities, regime).
    *   Sense 2: The act of governing; exercising authority (e.g., governance, administration).
    *   Sense 3: The system or form by which a community is governed (e.g., tyrannical government).
    *   Sense 4: The study of government (e.g., political science).

    *   In the sentence "the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies," the word "government" refers to the body of people/the organization running the country of Iraq.
    *   It is acting as an agent (managing to attract companies).
    *   This matches Sense 1: "the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit."

    *   Sense 2 (act of governing) doesn't fit because "the act of governing" cannot "attract major oil companies."
    *   Sense 3 (system of government) doesn't fit because a "system" (like democracy or monarchy) doesn't typically "attract companies" in this active, organizational sense; the *authority* does.
    *   Sense 4 (study of government) is completely irrelevant.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "auction" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two <t>auctions</t> that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions.

Senses:
1. definition=a variety of bridge in which tricks made in excess of the contract are scored toward game; now generally superseded by contract bridge | synonyms=auction bridge
2. definition=the public sale of something to the highest bidder | synonyms=auction sale, vendue

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies... during two <t>auctions</t> that concluded Saturday."
    *   Target word: "auctions"
    *   Senses provided:
        1.  A variety of bridge (card game).
        2.  The public sale of something to the highest bidder.

    *   The context discusses the Iraqi Oil Ministry, foreign oil companies, deals, and rebuilding infrastructure.
    *   "Auctions" in this context refers to the process of selling rights or contracts to the highest bidder (or best offer).

    *   Sense 1 (Bridge game) is completely irrelevant.
    *   Sense 2 (Public sale to highest bidder) fits perfectly.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "deal" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 <t>deals</t> the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Senses:
1. definition=a particular instance of buying or selling | synonyms=trade, business deal | examples=it was a package deal; I had no further trade with him
2. definition=an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each | synonyms=bargain | examples=he made a bargain with the devil; he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals
3. definition=(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent | synonyms=batch, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful, heap | examples=a batch of letters; a deal of trouble
4. definition=a plank of softwood (fir or pine board)
5. definition=wood that is easy to saw (from conifers such as pine or fir) | synonyms=softwood
6. definition=the cards held in a card game by a given player at any given time | synonyms=hand | examples=I didn't hold a good hand all evening; he kept trying to see my hand
7. definition=the type of treatment received (especially as the result of an agreement) | examples=he got a good deal on his car
8. definition=the act of distributing playing cards | examples=the deal was passed around the table clockwise
9. definition=the act of apportioning or distributing something | examples=the captain was entrusted with the deal of provisions

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies... The 10 <t>deals</t> the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role..."
    *   Target word: "deals"

    *   Sense 1: a particular instance of buying or selling (trade, business deal).
    *   Sense 2: an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each (bargain).
    *   Sense 3: a large number or amount or extent (batch, flock).
    *   Sense 4: a plank of softwood.
    *   Sense 5: wood that is easy to saw.
    *   Sense 6: cards held in a card game.
    *   Sense 7: the type of treatment received.
    *   Sense 8: the act of distributing playing cards.
    *   Sense 9: the act of apportioning or distributing something.

    *   The context describes the Iraqi Oil Ministry reaching "deals" with foreign oil companies to rebuild infrastructure.
    *   These "deals" are agreements reached through auctions to determine who gets stakes in oil fields.
    *   This fits the description of an agreement between parties fixing obligations (Sense 2) or a business transaction/instance of buying/selling (Sense 1).

    *   Sense 1: "a particular instance of buying or selling" (trade, business deal).
    *   Sense 2: "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each" (bargain).
    *   In the context of oil companies bidding for stakes in oil fields through auctions, these are formal agreements/contracts. While they are "business deals," Sense 2 specifically emphasizes the "agreement between parties fixing obligations," which is the core of a contract/deal in this context.
    *   Let's look at the examples:
        *   Sense 1: "package deal", "trade with him".
        *   Sense 2: "bargain with the devil", "shady deals".
    *   Actually, "business deal" is listed as a synonym for Sense 1.
    *   Wait, let's re-read Sense 2: "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each".
    *   In the context of "reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies", it refers to the contracts/agreements signed.
    *   Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 2:
        *   Sense 1 is more about the *transaction* (buying/selling).
        *   Sense 2 is more about the *agreement* (the contract).
    *   The text says "reaches deals", which strongly implies arriving at an agreement.

    *   Sense 1: "a particular instance of buying or selling"
    *   Sense 2: "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each"
    *   In business news, "reaching a deal" almost always refers to the agreement (Sense 2).

    *   Sense 1: "it was a package deal" (could be an agreement, but often refers to the bundle being sold).
    *   Sense 2: "shady deals" (agreements).
    *   The Iraqi Oil Ministry "reached deals". This phrasing ("reach a deal") is a classic collocation for Sense 2.

    *   Sense 1: trade, business deal.
    *   Sense 2: bargain.
    *   Wait, "business deal" is listed under Sense 1. Let me re-evaluate.
    *   If "business deal" is Sense 1, and these are business deals...
    *   But "reach a deal" is the act of agreeing.
    *   Let's look at Sense 2 again: "an agreement between parties... fixing obligations of each".
    *   The oil companies and the ministry agreed on terms for rebuilding infrastructure and stakes in fields. This is an agreement fixing obligations.

    *   Sense 1: "a particular instance of buying or selling"
    *   Sense 2: "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each"
    *   The "deals" here are the results of auctions. An auction is a process of buying/selling. However, the "deal" reached is the resulting agreement/contract.
    *   Looking at common WordNet-style definitions (which these seem to be), "deal" as in "business deal" is often categorized as an agreement.
    *   Let's check Sense 1 again: "a particular instance of buying or selling".
    *   Let's check Sense 2 again: "an agreement between parties... fixing obligations of each".
    *   "Reaching a deal" is the standard idiom for Sense 2.

    *   Sense 1: trade, business deal.
    *   Sense 2: bargain.
    *   If "business deal" is explicitly listed as a synonym for Sense 1, it's very tempting. But "reach a deal" is the key phrase.
    *   Let's search for "reach a deal" in dictionaries. It usually means "to come to an agreement".
    *   Sense 2: "an agreement between parties".
    *   Sense 1: "a particular instance of buying or selling".
    *   The "deals" in the text are the agreements reached.

    *   Sense 1: "it was a package deal" (the bundle).
    *   Sense 2: "shady deals" (the agreements).
    *   The Iraqi Oil Ministry's deals are agreements.

    *   Sense 1: buying/selling instance.
    *   Sense 2: agreement fixing obligations.
    *   The context is about oil companies getting stakes in fields to rebuild infrastructure. This involves both buying/selling (stakes) and obligations (rebuilding). It is an agreement.

    *   Sense 1: "a particular instance of buying or selling"
    *   Sense 2: "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each"
    *   "Reaches deals" -> "Reaches agreements".
    *   This fits Sense 2 perfectly.

    *   Sense 1: "business deal" is a synonym.
    *   Wait, if "business deal" is a synonym for Sense 1, and these are business deals, could it be 1?
    *   Let's look at the difference again.
    *   Sense 1: The *instance* of the trade.
    *   Sense 2: The *agreement* itself.
    *   "Reaching a deal" is the process of arriving at the agreement.
    *   Most linguistic datasets (like WordNet) distinguish between the transaction and the agreement.
    *   Let's re-read: "The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached... suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role..."
    *   These "deals" are the agreements that allow them to play a role.

    *   Sense 1: "a particular instance of buying or selling"
    *   Sense 2: "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each"
    *   In the context of "reaching a deal", Sense 2 is the most precise fit.

    *   Sense 1: "it was a package deal" (the thing being sold).
    *   Sense 2: "shady deals" (the agreements made).
    *   The "deals" in the text are the agreements made between the ministry and the companies.

    *   Sense 1: trade, business deal.
    *   Sense 2: bargain.
    *   This is tricky because "business deal" is so close. But "reach a deal" = "reach an agreement".

    *   Sense 1: "a particular instance of buying or selling"
    *   Sense 2: "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each"
    *   The context says "reaches deals". You reach an agreement. You don't "reach" an instance of buying or selling; you *make* a trade or *conduct* a sale. You *reach* an agreement.

    *   Sense 2 is the most appropriate for "reach a deal".


[User]
Which numbered sense of "china" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that <t>China</t>, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Senses:
1. definition=a communist nation that covers a vast territory in eastern Asia; the most populous country in the world | synonyms=People's Republic of China, mainland China, Communist China, Red China, PRC, Cathay
2. definition=high quality porcelain originally made only in China
3. definition=a government on the island of Taiwan established in 1949 by Chiang Kai-shek after the conquest of mainland China by the Communists led by Mao Zedong | synonyms=Taiwan, Nationalist China, Republic of China
4. definition=dishware made of high quality porcelain | synonyms=chinaware

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that <t>China</t>, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry..."
    *   Target word: "China"
    *   Senses:
        1.  Communist nation in eastern Asia (PRC).
        2.  High quality porcelain (material).
        3.  Government on Taiwan (ROC).
        4.  Dishware made of porcelain.

    *   The context mentions "China, Russia and European oil firms".
    *   It discusses deals between the Iraqi Oil Ministry and foreign oil companies.
    *   China is listed alongside Russia and European firms as entities (countries/regions) whose oil companies are involved.
    *   This clearly refers to the country/nation.

    *   Sense 1: Communist nation in eastern Asia. (Fits perfectly)
    *   Sense 2: Porcelain material. (Does not fit)
    *   Sense 3: Government on Taiwan. (While technically a "China", in the context of global oil deals and being listed with Russia and Europe, it refers to the mainland PRC).
    *   Sense 4: Dishware. (Does not fit)

    *   The correct sense is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "russia" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, <t>Russia</t> and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Senses:
1. definition=a former communist country in eastern Europe and northern Asia; established in 1922; included Russia and 14 other soviet socialist republics (Ukraine and Byelorussia and others); officially dissolved 31 December 1991 | synonyms=Soviet Union, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, USSR
2. definition=formerly the largest Soviet Socialist Republic in the USSR occupying eastern Europe and northern Asia | synonyms=Soviet Russia, Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic
3. definition=a former empire in eastern Europe and northern Asia created in the 14th century with Moscow as the capital; powerful in the 17th and 18th centuries under Peter the Great and Catherine the Great when Saint Petersburg was the capital; overthrown by revolution in 1917
4. definition=a federation in northeastern Europe and northern Asia; formerly Soviet Russia; since 1991 an independent state | synonyms=Russian Federation

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, <t>Russia</t> and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry..."
    *   Target word: "Russia"
    *   Contextual clues: "Iraqi Oil Ministry", "foreign oil companies", "China", "European oil firms", "refurbishing Iraq's oil industry". This is a contemporary news report about oil deals.

    *   Sense 1: Soviet Union (1922-1991).
    *   Sense 2: Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic (the republic within the USSR).
    *   Sense 3: Russian Empire (14th century - 1917).
    *   Sense 4: Russian Federation (independent state since 1991).

    *   The context describes current events (Iraqi Oil Ministry reaching deals with foreign companies).
    *   It lists "China, Russia and European oil firms".
    *   This refers to the modern-day sovereign state of Russia.
    *   Sense 4 specifically defines the federation since 1991 as an independent state.

    *   Sense 1 is the USSR (dissolved 1991).
    *   Sense 2 is the RSFSR (part of USSR).
    *   Sense 3 is the Empire (ended 1917).
    *   Sense 4 is the current Russian Federation.

    *   The correct sense is 4.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "oil" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European <t>oil</t> firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Senses:
1. definition=a slippery or viscous liquid or liquefiable substance not miscible with water
2. definition=oil paint containing pigment that is used by an artist | synonyms=oil color, oil colour
3. definition=a dark oil consisting mainly of hydrocarbons | synonyms=petroleum, crude oil, crude, rock oil, fossil oil
4. definition=any of a group of liquid edible fats that are obtained from plants | synonyms=vegetable oil

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European <t>oil</t> firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry..."
    *   Target word: "oil" (in "European <t>oil</t> firms").
    *   Contextual clues: "Iraqi Oil Ministry", "foreign oil companies", "rebuild its ailing infrastructure", "Iraq's oil industry", "auctioned fields".

    *   Sense 1: a slippery or viscous liquid or liquefiable substance not miscible with water (General definition).
    *   Sense 2: oil paint containing pigment (Art).
    *   Sense 3: a dark oil consisting mainly of hydrocarbons | synonyms=petroleum, crude oil, crude, rock oil, fossil oil (Petroleum/Energy).
    *   Sense 4: any of a group of liquid edible fats that are obtained from plants (Cooking/Vegetable oil).

    *   The context is about the Iraqi Oil Ministry, oil companies, and the oil industry. This clearly refers to petroleum/crude oil.
    *   Sense 3 specifically defines petroleum/crude oil.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "role" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major <t>role</t> in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Senses:
1. definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=function, office, part | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part
2. definition=an actor's portrayal of someone in a play | synonyms=character, theatrical role, part, persona | examples=she played the part of Desdemona
3. definition=what something is used for | synonyms=function, purpose, use | examples=the function of an auger is to bore holes; ballet is beautiful but what use is it?
4. definition=normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting | examples=what is your role on the team?

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major <t>role</t> in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry..."
    *   Target word: "role"
    *   Meaning in context: The foreign oil companies will have a significant part, function, or responsibility in the process of refurbishing the industry.

    *   Sense 1: "the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group" (Synonyms: function, office, part). Example: "the function of a teacher".
    *   Sense 2: "an actor's portrayal of someone in a play" (Synonyms: character, theatrical role). Example: "she played the part of Desdemona".
    *   Sense 3: "what something is used for" (Synonyms: function, purpose, use). Example: "the function of an auger is to bore holes".
    *   Sense 4: "normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting". Example: "what is your role on the team?".

    *   Sense 2 is about acting/theater. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 3 is about the purpose of a tool or object. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 4 is about a social setting/team position. (Close, but usually more about a specific position within a small group).
    *   Sense 1 is about the function or part played by a person or group in a larger process or situation. "Play a major role" is a very common collocation for Sense 1.

    *   "China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry."
    *   This fits "the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group" (in this case, groups of companies/countries).

Sense 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "decade" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by <t>decades</t> of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Senses:
1. definition=a period of 10 years | synonyms=decennary, decennium
2. definition=the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system | synonyms=ten, 10, X, tenner

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...crippled by <t>decades</t> of war and sanctions."
    *   Target word: "decades" (plural of decade).
    *   Senses provided:
        1.  A period of 10 years.
        2.  The cardinal number 10 (base of decimal system).

    *   The phrase "decades of war and sanctions" refers to a long period of time (multiple 10-year periods).
    *   It does not refer to the number 10 itself as a mathematical entity or a count of items in this specific grammatical structure (though "decades" implies multiples of 10 years).

    *   Sense 1: "a period of 10 years" -> Fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one" -> Does not fit.

    *   The correct sense is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "war" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of <t>war</t> and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Senses:
1. definition=the waging of armed conflict against an enemy | synonyms=warfare | examples=thousands of people were killed in the war
2. definition=a legal state created by a declaration of war and ended by official declaration during which the international rules of war apply | synonyms=state of war | examples=war was declared in November but actual fighting did not begin until the following spring
3. definition=an active struggle between competing entities | synonyms=warfare | examples=a price war; a war of wits
4. definition=a concerted campaign to end something that is injurious | examples=the war on poverty; the war against crime

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of <t>war</t> and sanctions."
    *   Target word: "war"
    *   Contextual clues: "Iraqi Oil Ministry", "Iraq's oil industry", "crippled by decades of war and sanctions".

    *   Sense 1: "the waging of armed conflict against an enemy" (warfare). Example: "thousands of people were killed in the war".
    *   Sense 2: "a legal state created by a declaration of war..." (state of war). Example: "war was declared in November...".
    *   Sense 3: "an active struggle between competing entities" (e.g., price war, war of wits).
    *   Sense 4: "a concerted campaign to end something that is injurious" (e.g., war on poverty).

    *   The context refers to Iraq's oil industry being crippled by "decades of war".
    *   Iraq has experienced actual armed conflicts (Iran-Iraq War, Gulf War, Iraq War).
    *   This fits Sense 1 (waging of armed conflict) much better than Sense 2 (the legal state/declaration), Sense 3 (metaphorical struggle), or Sense 4 (campaign against a social ill).

    *   Sense 1 is the most accurate description of the armed conflicts that crippled Iraq's infrastructure.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "sanction" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and <t>sanctions</t>. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Senses:
1. definition=formal and explicit approval | synonyms=countenance, endorsement, indorsement, warrant, imprimatur | examples=a Democrat usually gets the union's endorsement
2. definition=a mechanism of social control for enforcing a society's standards
3. definition=official permission or approval | synonyms=authority, authorization, authorisation | examples=authority for the program was renewed several times
4. definition=the act of final authorization | examples=it had the sanction of the church

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and <t>sanctions</t>."
    *   Target word: "sanctions" (plural).
    *   Contextual clues: "crippled by", "decades of war", "Iraqi government", "foreign oil companies".
    *   Meaning in context: Economic or political penalties imposed by one or more countries on another country to force a change in behavior.

    *   Sense 1: formal and explicit approval (e.g., endorsement).
    *   Sense 2: a mechanism of social control for enforcing a society's standards.
    *   Sense 3: official permission or approval (e.g., authorization).
    *   Sense 4: the act of final authorization.

    *   Sense 1, 3, and 4 all refer to "approval" or "permission". If the oil industry were "crippled by approval," it wouldn't make sense.
    *   Sense 2 refers to "a mechanism of social control for enforcing a society's standards." In a broad sociological sense, economic sanctions are a form of social/political control used to enforce international standards/norms.

    *   Wait, looking at the provided senses again. None of them explicitly say "economic penalty."
    *   Let's re-examine Sense 2: "a mechanism of social control for enforcing a society's standards."
    *   In many dictionaries (like WordNet, which these senses seem to be derived from), "sanction" has two main opposite meanings (auto-antonyms):
        1.  Approval/Permission.
        2.  Penalty/Punishment.
    *   Sense 2 ("mechanism of social control") is the broad category that includes penalties/punishments used to enforce rules.

    *   Sense 1: Approval. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Social control/enforcement. (Correct - this is the "penalty" side of the word).
    *   Sense 3: Permission. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 4: Final authorization. (Incorrect)

    *   The context "crippled by... sanctions" clearly refers to the penalties imposed on Iraq.
    *   Sense 2 is the only one that fits the "penalty/enforcement" meaning.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "company" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American <t>companies</t> walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday.

Senses:
1. definition=an institution created to conduct business | examples=he only invests in large well-established companies; he started the company in his garage
2. definition=small military unit; usually two or three platoons
3. definition=the state of being with someone | synonyms=companionship, fellowship, society | examples=he missed their company; he enjoyed the society of his friends
4. definition=organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical) | synonyms=troupe | examples=the traveling company all stayed at the same hotel
5. definition=a social or business visitor | synonyms=caller | examples=the room was a mess because he hadn't expected company
6. definition=a social gathering of guests or companions | examples=the house was filled with company when I arrived
7. definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=party | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
8. definition=crew of a ship including the officers; the whole force or personnel of a ship | synonyms=ship's company
9. definition=a unit of firefighters including their equipment | examples=a hook-and-ladder company

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies... American <t>companies</t> walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields."
    *   Target word: "companies" (plural of "company").
    *   Contextual clues: "Oil Ministry", "deals", "foreign oil companies", "rebuild its ailing infrastructure", "auctions", "stakes in... auctioned fields".

    *   Sense 1: "an institution created to conduct business" (e.g., large well-established companies).
    *   Sense 2: "small military unit".
    *   Sense 3: "the state of being with someone" (companionship).
    *   Sense 4: "organization of performers" (troupe).
    *   Sense 5: "a social or business visitor" (caller).
    *   Sense 6: "a social gathering of guests".
    *   Sense 7: "a band of people associated temporarily".
    *   Sense 8: "crew of a ship".
    *   Sense 9: "a unit of firefighters".

    *   The context refers to "foreign oil companies" and "American companies" involved in business deals, auctions, and infrastructure rebuilding.
    *   This clearly matches Sense 1: "an institution created to conduct business".


[User]
Which numbered sense of "stake" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with <t>stakes</t> in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday.

Senses:
1. definition=(law) a right or legal share of something; a financial involvement with something | synonyms=interest | examples=they have interests all over the world; a stake in the company's future
2. definition=a pole or stake set up to mark something (as the start or end of a race track) | synonyms=post | examples=a pair of posts marked the goal; the corner of the lot was indicated by a stake
3. definition=instrument of execution consisting of a vertical post that a victim is tied to for burning
4. definition=the money risked on a gamble | synonyms=stakes, bet, wager
5. definition=a strong wooden or metal post with a point at one end so it can be driven into the ground

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "American companies walked away with <t>stakes</t> in just two of the 10 auctioned fields."
    *   Target word: "stakes"
    *   Contextual clues: "Iraqi Oil Ministry", "deals with 10 foreign oil companies", "auctioned fields", "American companies".
    *   Meaning: The American companies acquired a share or financial interest in the oil fields.

    *   Sense 1: (law) a right or legal share of something; a financial involvement with something. (Synonym: interest).
    *   Sense 2: a pole or stake set up to mark something. (Synonym: post).
    *   Sense 3: instrument of execution (burning).
    *   Sense 4: the money risked on a gamble. (Synonym: bet, wager).
    *   Sense 5: a strong wooden or metal post with a point at one end.

    *   The context describes companies acquiring shares/interests in oil fields through auctions.
    *   Sense 1 ("a right or legal share of something; a financial involvement") fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2, 3, and 5 refer to physical posts.
    *   Sense 4 refers to gambling money. While auctions involve money, "stakes in... fields" refers to the ownership/interest acquired, not the bet itself.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "field" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned <t>fields</t>. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday.

Senses:
1. definition=a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed | examples=he planted a field of wheat
2. definition=a region where a battle is being (or has been) fought | synonyms=battlefield, battleground, field of battle, field of honor | examples=they made a tour of Civil War battlefields
3. definition=somewhere (away from a studio or office or library or laboratory) where practical work is done or data is collected | examples=anthropologists do much of their work in the field
4. definition=a branch of knowledge | synonyms=discipline, subject, subject area, subject field, field of study, study | examples=in what discipline is his doctorate?; teachers should be well trained in their subject
5. definition=the space around a radiating body within which its electromagnetic oscillations can exert force on another similar body not in contact with it | synonyms=field of force, force field
6. definition=a particular kind of commercial enterprise | synonyms=field of operation, line of business | examples=they are outstanding in their field
7. definition=a particular environment or walk of life | synonyms=sphere, domain, area, orbit, arena | examples=his social sphere is limited; it was a closed area of employment
8. definition=a piece of land prepared for playing a game | synonyms=playing field, athletic field, playing area | examples=the home crowd cheered when Princeton took the field
9. definition=extensive tract of level open land | synonyms=plain, champaign | examples=they emerged from the woods onto a vast open plain; he longed for the fields of his youth
10. definition=(mathematics) a set of elements such that addition and multiplication are commutative and associative and multiplication is distributive over addition and there are two elements 0 and 1 | examples=the set of all rational numbers is a field
11. definition=a region in which active military operations are in progress | synonyms=field of operations, theater, theater of operations, theatre, theatre of operations | examples=the army was in the field awaiting action; he served in the Vietnam theater for three years
12. definition=all of the horses in a particular horse race
13. definition=all the competitors in a particular contest or sporting event
14. definition=a geographic region (land or sea) under which something valuable is found | examples=the diamond fields of South Africa
15. definition=(computer science) a set of one or more adjacent characters comprising a unit of information
16. definition=the area that is visible (as through an optical instrument) | synonyms=field of view
17. definition=a place where planes take off and land | synonyms=airfield, landing field, flying field

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned <t>fields</t>."
    *   Topic: Iraqi Oil Ministry, foreign oil companies, rebuilding infrastructure, auctions.
    *   Key phrase: "auctioned fields" in the context of oil companies.

    *   1: Land cleared of trees (agriculture).
    *   2: Battlefield.
    *   3: Practical work/data collection site.
    *   4: Branch of knowledge.
    *   5: Electromagnetic oscillations.
    *   6: Commercial enterprise.
    *   7: Environment/walk of life.
    *   8: Playing field (sports).
    *   9: Extensive tract of level open land.
    *   10: Mathematics (set of elements).
    *   11: Military operations region.
    *   12: Horses in a race.
    *   13: Competitors in a contest.
    *   14: A geographic region (land or sea) under which something valuable is found (e.g., diamond fields).
    *   15: Computer science (unit of information).
    *   16: Field of view.
    *   17: Airfield.

    *   The context is about oil companies bidding for "fields."
    *   Oil fields are geographic regions where oil (something valuable) is found underground.
    *   Sense 14 specifically mentions "a geographic region (land or sea) under which something valuable is found" and gives "diamond fields" as an example. This fits perfectly with "oil fields."

    *   Sense 1 (agriculture) - No.
    *   Sense 6 (commercial enterprise) - No, they are auctioning the physical locations of the oil.
    *   Sense 9 (open land) - Too general.
    *   Sense 14 (valuable resources) - Yes.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "company" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American <t>companies</t> had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost.

Senses:
1. definition=an institution created to conduct business | examples=he only invests in large well-established companies; he started the company in his garage
2. definition=small military unit; usually two or three platoons
3. definition=the state of being with someone | synonyms=companionship, fellowship, society | examples=he missed their company; he enjoyed the society of his friends
4. definition=organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical) | synonyms=troupe | examples=the traveling company all stayed at the same hotel
5. definition=a social or business visitor | synonyms=caller | examples=the room was a mess because he hadn't expected company
6. definition=a social gathering of guests or companions | examples=the house was filled with company when I arrived
7. definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=party | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
8. definition=crew of a ship including the officers; the whole force or personnel of a ship | synonyms=ship's company
9. definition=a unit of firefighters including their equipment | examples=a hook-and-ladder company

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies... Seven American <t>companies</t> had paid to participate in the second auction..."
    *   Target word: "companies" (plural of "company").
    *   Contextual clues: "Oil Ministry", "deals", "foreign oil companies", "rebuild its ailing infrastructure", "auctions", "firms", "stakes in... auctioned fields", "submitted a bid".

    *   Sense 1: "an institution created to conduct business" (e.g., large well-established companies).
    *   Sense 2: "small military unit".
    *   Sense 3: "the state of being with someone" (companionship).
    *   Sense 4: "organization of performers" (troupe).
    *   Sense 5: "a social or business visitor" (caller).
    *   Sense 6: "a social gathering of guests".
    *   Sense 7: "a band of people associated temporarily".
    *   Sense 8: "crew of a ship".
    *   Sense 9: "a unit of firefighters".

    *   The context describes "foreign oil companies" and "American companies" participating in auctions to rebuild infrastructure and gain stakes in oil fields.
    *   This clearly refers to business entities/institutions created to conduct business.
    *   This matches Sense 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "auction" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second <t>auction</t>, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost.

Senses:
1. definition=a variety of bridge in which tricks made in excess of the contract are scored toward game; now generally superseded by contract bridge | synonyms=auction bridge
2. definition=the public sale of something to the highest bidder | synonyms=auction sale, vendue

reasoning_content:
*   Context: A news snippet about the Iraqi Oil Ministry reaching deals with foreign oil companies to rebuild infrastructure. It mentions "two auctions," "auctioned fields," and "participate in the second auction."
    *   Target word: "auction" (marked with `<t></t>`).
    *   Senses provided:
        1.  A variety of bridge (card game).
        2.  The public sale of something to the highest bidder.

    *   The context discusses oil companies bidding for stakes in oil fields.
    *   "Auctioned fields" and "submitted a bid" clearly point to a process of selling rights or assets to the highest bidder.
    *   This matches Sense 2.

    *   Sense 1 is about a card game (bridge). Not applicable.
    *   Sense 2 is about public sale/bidding. Applicable.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "bid" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a <t>bid</t> lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June.

Senses:
1. definition=an authoritative direction or instruction to do something | synonyms=command, bidding, dictation
2. definition=an attempt to get something | synonyms=play | examples=they made a futile play for power; he made a bid to gain attention
3. definition=a formal proposal to buy at a specified price | synonyms=tender
4. definition=(bridge) the number of tricks a bridge player is willing to contract to make | synonyms=bidding

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "The only one that submitted a <t>bid</t> lost."
    *   Surrounding text: "Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies", "two auctions", "auctioned fields", "paid to participate in the second auction".
    *   Key terms: "auctions", "submitted a bid", "lost".

    *   Sense 1: Authoritative direction/instruction (command). -> Doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 2: An attempt to get something (play). -> While a bid in an auction is an attempt, Sense 3 is more specific to the financial/formal context of auctions.
    *   Sense 3: A formal proposal to buy at a specified price (tender). -> Fits perfectly with "auctions" and "submitted a bid".
    *   Sense 4: Bridge (card game) bidding. -> Doesn't fit.

    *   The context is about oil companies participating in auctions for oil fields.
    *   In an auction, a "bid" is a formal proposal to buy/acquire something at a specific price.
    *   This matches Sense 3.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "company" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American <t>companies</t> reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts.

Senses:
1. definition=an institution created to conduct business | examples=he only invests in large well-established companies; he started the company in his garage
2. definition=small military unit; usually two or three platoons
3. definition=the state of being with someone | synonyms=companionship, fellowship, society | examples=he missed their company; he enjoyed the society of his friends
4. definition=organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical) | synonyms=troupe | examples=the traveling company all stayed at the same hotel
5. definition=a social or business visitor | synonyms=caller | examples=the room was a mess because he hadn't expected company
6. definition=a social gathering of guests or companions | examples=the house was filled with company when I arrived
7. definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=party | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
8. definition=crew of a ship including the officers; the whole force or personnel of a ship | synonyms=ship's company
9. definition=a unit of firefighters including their equipment | examples=a hook-and-ladder company

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Two American <t>companies</t> reached deals for fields auctioned in June."
    *   Surrounding text: Mentions "major oil companies", "Iraqi Oil Ministry", "foreign oil companies", "China, Russia and European oil firms", "American companies", "American oil giants".
    *   Meaning: In this context, "companies" refers to business entities involved in the oil industry.

    *   Sense 1: "an institution created to conduct business" (Matches)
    *   Sense 2: "small military unit" (Does not match)
    *   Sense 3: "the state of being with someone" (Does not match)
    *   Sense 4: "organization of performers" (Does not match)
    *   Sense 5: "a social or business visitor" (Does not match)
    *   Sense 6: "a social gathering of guests" (Does not match)
    *   Sense 7: "a band of people associated temporarily" (Does not match)
    *   Sense 8: "crew of a ship" (Does not match)
    *   Sense 9: "a unit of firefighters" (Does not match)

    *   The context clearly refers to business organizations (oil companies).
    *   Sense 1 is the correct definition.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "deal" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached <t>deals</t> for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts.

Senses:
1. definition=a particular instance of buying or selling | synonyms=trade, business deal | examples=it was a package deal; I had no further trade with him
2. definition=an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each | synonyms=bargain | examples=he made a bargain with the devil; he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals
3. definition=(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent | synonyms=batch, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful, heap | examples=a batch of letters; a deal of trouble
4. definition=a plank of softwood (fir or pine board)
5. definition=wood that is easy to saw (from conifers such as pine or fir) | synonyms=softwood
6. definition=the cards held in a card game by a given player at any given time | synonyms=hand | examples=I didn't hold a good hand all evening; he kept trying to see my hand
7. definition=the type of treatment received (especially as the result of an agreement) | examples=he got a good deal on his car
8. definition=the act of distributing playing cards | examples=the deal was passed around the table clockwise
9. definition=the act of apportioning or distributing something | examples=the captain was entrusted with the deal of provisions

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Two American companies reached <t>deals</t> for fields auctioned in June."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses the Iraqi government attracting oil companies to rebuild infrastructure through auctions. It mentions "10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies."
    *   Target word: "deals"

    *   Sense 1: a particular instance of buying or selling (trade, business deal).
    *   Sense 2: an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each (bargain).
    *   Sense 3: a large number or amount or extent.
    *   Sense 4: a plank of softwood.
    *   Sense 5: wood that is easy to saw.
    *   Sense 6: cards held in a card game.
    *   Sense 7: the type of treatment received.
    *   Sense 8: the act of distributing playing cards.
    *   Sense 9: the act of apportioning or distributing something.

    *   The context is about oil companies winning bids/auctions for oil fields.
    *   "Reached deals" implies an agreement was made between the companies and the Iraqi government regarding the acquisition or operation of the oil fields.
    *   Sense 1 (buying/selling) and Sense 2 (agreement between parties) are very close.
    *   Let's look closer:
        *   Sense 1: "a particular instance of buying or selling" (trade, business deal).
        *   Sense 2: "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each" (bargain).
    *   In the context of oil auctions, the "deal" is the contract/agreement reached after the bidding process.
    *   Looking at the examples for Sense 2: "he made a bargain with the devil; he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals."
    *   Looking at the examples for Sense 1: "it was a package deal; I had no further trade with him."
    *   Usually, "reaching a deal" refers to the agreement (Sense 2). However, in a business context, "business deal" is often listed under Sense 1.
    *   Wait, let's re-read Sense 1: "a particular instance of buying or selling | synonyms=trade, business deal".
    *   Let's re-read Sense 2: "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each | synonyms=bargain".
    *   In the sentence "Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June," the "deals" are the agreements resulting from the auction.
    *   Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 2: Sense 1 focuses on the transaction (buying/selling), while Sense 2 focuses on the agreement/contract.
    *   In many dictionaries (like WordNet, which these senses seem to be from), "business deal" is often associated with Sense 1, but "reaching a deal" (an agreement) is Sense 2.
    *   Let's check the phrase "reached deals". "Reach an agreement" is a very common collocation.
    *   Let's look at the first mention of "deals" in the text: "The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies..."
    *   This strongly suggests an agreement/contract.

    *   Sense 1: "a particular instance of buying or selling"
    *   Sense 2: "an agreement between parties... fixing obligations of each"
    *   An oil field auction results in a contract (agreement) that fixes the obligations of the company (investment, production) and the government (rights to the field). This fits Sense 2 perfectly.
    *   However, "business deal" is listed as a synonym for Sense 1.
    *   Let's look at the examples again. Sense 1: "package deal". Sense 2: "shady deals".
    *   In the context of "reaching a deal", it almost always means reaching an agreement.

    *   Sense 1: trade, business deal.
    *   Sense 2: agreement, bargain.
    *   "Reached deals" = "Reached agreements".
    *   If I have to choose between "instance of buying/selling" and "agreement between parties", "agreement" is the more precise fit for "reaching a deal".

    *   Sense 1: "a particular instance of buying or selling"
    *   Sense 2: "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each"
    *   The auction process is the mechanism, but the "deal" is the resulting agreement.

    *   Sense 1: "a particular instance of buying or selling"
    *   Sense 2: "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each"
    *   In the context of "reached deals", it's the agreement.

    *   Wait, let me double-check if "business deal" (Sense 1) is more appropriate.
    *   "The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached..."
    *   "Two American companies reached deals..."
    *   These are business agreements.
    *   Looking at WordNet (the likely source):
        *   deal (n):
            1. an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each (synonym: bargain)
            2. a particular instance of buying or selling (synonym: trade, business deal)
    *   Wait, the numbering in the prompt is different.
    *   Prompt Sense 1: "a particular instance of buying or selling | synonyms=trade, business deal"
    *   Prompt Sense 2: "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each | synonyms=bargain"
    *   If the companies "reached deals", they reached agreements.

    *   Sense 1: buying/selling instance.
    *   Sense 2: agreement fixing obligations.
    *   An oil field contract is an agreement fixing obligations (how much to invest, how much oil to extract, how much to pay the government).

    *   Sense 1: "it was a package deal"
    *   Sense 2: "he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals"
    *   "Reached deals" fits the "shady deals" (agreements) pattern better than the "package deal" (transaction) pattern.

    *   Sense 2 is the most accurate description of "reaching a deal" in a legal/business context.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "field" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for <t>fields</t> auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts.

Senses:
1. definition=a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed | examples=he planted a field of wheat
2. definition=a region where a battle is being (or has been) fought | synonyms=battlefield, battleground, field of battle, field of honor | examples=they made a tour of Civil War battlefields
3. definition=somewhere (away from a studio or office or library or laboratory) where practical work is done or data is collected | examples=anthropologists do much of their work in the field
4. definition=a branch of knowledge | synonyms=discipline, subject, subject area, subject field, field of study, study | examples=in what discipline is his doctorate?; teachers should be well trained in their subject
5. definition=the space around a radiating body within which its electromagnetic oscillations can exert force on another similar body not in contact with it | synonyms=field of force, force field
6. definition=a particular kind of commercial enterprise | synonyms=field of operation, line of business | examples=they are outstanding in their field
7. definition=a particular environment or walk of life | synonyms=sphere, domain, area, orbit, arena | examples=his social sphere is limited; it was a closed area of employment
8. definition=a piece of land prepared for playing a game | synonyms=playing field, athletic field, playing area | examples=the home crowd cheered when Princeton took the field
9. definition=extensive tract of level open land | synonyms=plain, champaign | examples=they emerged from the woods onto a vast open plain; he longed for the fields of his youth
10. definition=(mathematics) a set of elements such that addition and multiplication are commutative and associative and multiplication is distributive over addition and there are two elements 0 and 1 | examples=the set of all rational numbers is a field
11. definition=a region in which active military operations are in progress | synonyms=field of operations, theater, theater of operations, theatre, theatre of operations | examples=the army was in the field awaiting action; he served in the Vietnam theater for three years
12. definition=all of the horses in a particular horse race
13. definition=all the competitors in a particular contest or sporting event
14. definition=a geographic region (land or sea) under which something valuable is found | examples=the diamond fields of South Africa
15. definition=(computer science) a set of one or more adjacent characters comprising a unit of information
16. definition=the area that is visible (as through an optical instrument) | synonyms=field of view
17. definition=a place where planes take off and land | synonyms=airfield, landing field, flying field

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Two American companies reached deals for <t>fields</t> auctioned in June."
    *   Surrounding context: "Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure", "Iraqi Oil Ministry", "foreign oil companies", "refurbishing Iraq's oil industry", "auctioned fields".
    *   The word "fields" refers to areas of land where oil is found and extracted.

    *   1: Land cleared of trees (agriculture).
    *   2: Battlefield.
    *   3: Practical work/data collection site.
    *   4: Branch of knowledge.
    *   5: Electromagnetic oscillations.
    *   6: Commercial enterprise.
    *   7: Environment/walk of life.
    *   8: Playing field (sports).
    *   9: Extensive tract of level open land.
    *   10: Mathematics (set of elements).
    *   11: Military operations region.
    *   12: Horses in a race.
    *   13: Competitors in a contest.
    *   14: A geographic region (land or sea) under which something valuable is found (e.g., diamond fields).
    *   15: Computer science (unit of information).
    *   16: Field of view.
    *   17: Airfield.

    *   The context is about oil companies bidding for "fields" in Iraq.
    *   Oil is something valuable found under the ground.
    *   Sense 14 specifically mentions "a geographic region (land or sea) under which something valuable is found" and gives "diamond fields" as an example. This perfectly matches "oil fields".


[User]
Which numbered sense of "representation" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager <t>representation</t> of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet.

Senses:
1. definition=a presentation to the mind in the form of an idea or image | synonyms=mental representation, internal representation
2. definition=a creation that is a visual or tangible rendering of someone or something
3. definition=the act of representing; standing in for someone or some group and speaking with authority in their behalf
4. definition=the state of serving as an official and authorized delegate or agent | synonyms=delegacy, agency
5. definition=a body of legislators that serve in behalf of some constituency | examples=a Congressional vacancy occurred in the representation from California
6. definition=a factual statement made by one party in order to induce another party to enter into a contract | examples=the sales contract contains several representations by the vendor
7. definition=a performance of a play | synonyms=theatrical performance, theatrical, histrionics
8. definition=a statement of facts and reasons made in appealing or protesting | examples=certain representations were made concerning police brutality
9. definition=the right of being represented by delegates who have a voice in some legislative body
10. definition=an activity that stands as an equivalent of something or results in an equivalent

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "The meager <t>representation</t> of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts."
    *   Meaning: The small number or presence of American oil companies among the companies that won deals in Iraq.

    *   Sense 1: Mental image/idea. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Visual/tangible rendering (e.g., a painting). (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 3: The act of representing/speaking for someone. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 4: State of serving as an official delegate/agent. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 5: A body of legislators. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 6: Factual statement in a contract. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 7: Performance of a play. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 8: Statement of facts in an appeal/protest. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 9: Right of being represented in a legislative body. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 10: An activity that stands as an equivalent of something or results in an equivalent. (Incorrect)

    *Wait*, none of these senses seem to fit perfectly. Let me re-read.

    "The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts."

    In this context, "representation" means the presence or proportion of a particular group within a larger group.

    Let's look at the senses again.
    1. Mental image.
    2. Visual rendering.
    3. Act of representing/speaking for.
    4. State of serving as a delegate.
    5. Body of legislators.
    6. Contractual statement.
    7. Play performance.
    8. Appeal/protest statement.
    9. Right to be represented in legislature.
    10. Activity as an equivalent.

    Is there a sense I missed? Or is "representation" being used in a way not explicitly listed?
    Actually, let's look at Sense 4 again: "the state of serving as an official and authorized delegate or agent". No.
    Sense 3: "the act of representing; standing in for someone or some group and speaking with authority in their behalf". No.

    Let's reconsider the word "representation" in general. It often means "the state of being represented" or "the proportion of a particular group".

    Wait, let me look at the provided senses again. Is it possible that "representation" here is related to Sense 4 or 3 in a broader way? Or maybe Sense 10? No.

    Let's re-examine the context: "The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry..."
    This means there are very few American companies present.

    If I have to pick from the list:
    1. Mental image
    2. Visual rendering
    3. Act of representing/speaking for
    4. State of serving as a delegate/agent
    5. Body of legislators
    6. Contractual statement
    7. Play
    8. Appeal
    9. Right to be represented
    10. Equivalent activity

    None of these fit the "proportion/presence" meaning. Let me double-check the senses provided.

    Wait, let me look at Sense 4 again: "the state of serving as an official and authorized delegate or agent".
    Could "representation" in the context of companies in an industry be seen as "serving as an agent" or "being present as a representative"? Not really.

    Let's look at Sense 3: "the act of representing; standing in for someone or some group". No.

    Is it possible that "representation" here is used in a sense similar to "presence" or "proportion"?
    Example: "Women's representation in parliament." (This is often linked to Sense 9 or 5, but it's about the *number* of people).

    Let's look at Sense 4 again. "the state of serving as an official and authorized delegate or agent".
    If American companies are "represented" in the industry, they are acting as the representatives of the US oil sector.

    Let's look at Sense 3 again. "the act of representing; standing in for someone or some group".

    Let's search for other definitions of "representation".
    Common meanings:
    A. The action of speaking or acting on behalf of someone.
    B. The state of being represented.
    C. The proportion of a particular group.
    D. A depiction of something.
    E. A statement of fact.

    The context "meager representation of American oil giants" clearly means "small proportion/number".

    Which of the provided senses is closest?
    Sense 4: "the state of serving as an official and authorized delegate or agent".
    Sense 3: "the act of representing; standing in for someone or some group".

    Actually, let's look at Sense 4 again. "the state of serving as an official and authorized delegate or agent".
    If we consider the "American oil giants" as the group, their "representation" is the state of them being present/acting in that industry.

    Wait, let me look at Sense 10: "an activity that stands as an equivalent of something or results in an equivalent". No.

    Let's re-read Sense 4: "the state of serving as an official and authorized delegate or agent".
    Let's re-read Sense 3: "the act of representing; standing in for someone or some group and speaking with authority in their behalf".

    Could it be Sense 4? If you have "representation" in a group, you are serving as a delegate/agent for your group.

    Let's think about "representation" in the sense of "the number of people from a particular group".
    Example: "The representation of minorities in the company is low."
    This is often categorized under the same sense as "the state of being represented".

    Looking at the options again, Sense 4 ("the state of serving as an official and authorized delegate or agent") is the closest to "the state of being represented".

    Let's double-check Sense 3. "the act of representing; standing in for someone or some group and speaking with authority in their behalf". This is more about the *action* of speaking for someone.

    Sense 4 is about the *state* of serving as a delegate.

    Let's check if there's any other possibility.
    Sense 5: "a body of legislators". (No)
    Sense 9: "the right of being represented". (No)

    If the "representation" is "meager", it means the *state* of being represented (the number of representatives) is small.

    Let's compare Sense 3 and 4 again.
    Sense 3: "the act of representing"
    Sense 4: "the state of serving as an official and authorized delegate or agent"

    "Meager representation" refers to the *state* or *amount* of representation, not the *act* of representing.

    Therefore, Sense 4 is the most plausible, even if it's not a perfect fit (since "delegate or agent" usually implies a more formal role, but in a broad sense, the companies are the "representatives" of the US oil industry in Iraq).

    Wait, let me search for this specific sense in a dictionary (like WordNet, which these senses seem to be from).
    WordNet senses for "representation":
    - a presentation to the mind... (Sense 1)
    - a creation that is a visual... (Sense 2)
    - the act of representing... (Sense 3)
    - the state of serving as an official... (Sense 4)
    - a body of legislators... (Sense 5)
    - a factual statement... (Sense 6)
    - a performance of a play... (Sense 7)
    - a statement of facts... (Sense 8)
    - the right of being represented... (Sense 9)

    In WordNet, "the state of serving as an official and authorized delegate or agent" (Sense 4) is often used for "representation" in the sense of "the state of being represented".

    Let's test it: "The representation of women in the board of directors is increasing."
    This means the *state* of women serving as members (delegates/agents) of the board is increasing.

    This fits the context "The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry".

    Final check:
    Context: "meager representation of American oil giants"
    Sense 4: "the state of serving as an official and authorized delegate or agent"
    This matches the idea of the companies serving as the "representatives" (agents) of the US oil industry in that specific sector.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "oil" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American <t>oil</t> giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet.

Senses:
1. definition=a slippery or viscous liquid or liquefiable substance not miscible with water
2. definition=oil paint containing pigment that is used by an artist | synonyms=oil color, oil colour
3. definition=a dark oil consisting mainly of hydrocarbons | synonyms=petroleum, crude oil, crude, rock oil, fossil oil
4. definition=any of a group of liquid edible fats that are obtained from plants | synonyms=vegetable oil

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "The meager representation of American <t>oil</t> giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts."
    *   Target word: "oil" (in "American oil giants").
    *   Surrounding context: "Iraqi Oil Ministry", "foreign oil companies", "refurbishing Iraq's oil industry", "auctioned fields", "Iraq Oil Forum".

    *   Sense 1: a slippery or viscous liquid or liquefiable substance not miscible with water (General definition).
    *   Sense 2: oil paint containing pigment (Art).
    *   Sense 3: a dark oil consisting mainly of hydrocarbons | synonyms=petroleum, crude oil, crude, rock oil, fossil oil (Petroleum industry).
    *   Sense 4: any of a group of liquid edible fats that are obtained from plants (Cooking/Vegetable oil).

    *   The context is about the Iraqi Oil Ministry, oil companies, oil industry, and auctioned fields.
    *   This clearly refers to petroleum/crude oil.
    *   Sense 3 specifically defines petroleum/crude oil.