[User]
Which numbered sense of "say" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: PANDA: Flesh goes to total alert for flight or fight. Nausea seems a commonplace symptom. Berkeley very quiet right now. I walked along Shattuck between Delaware and Cedar at a few minutes before eight this morning. Next to Chez Panisse a homeless couple, bundled into a blue sleeping bag, sat up, <t>said</t>, "Good morning "and then the woman smiled, said, "Isn't it great just to be alive? "I agreed.

Senses:
1. definition=express in words | synonyms=state, tell | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you
2. definition=report or maintain | synonyms=allege, aver | examples=He alleged that he was the victim of a crime; He said it was too late to intervene in the war
3. definition=express a supposition | synonyms=suppose | examples=Let us say that he did not tell the truth; Let's say you had a lot of money--what would you do?
4. definition=have or contain a certain wording or form | synonyms=read | examples=The passage reads as follows; What does the law say?
5. definition=give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority | synonyms=order, tell, enjoin | examples=I said to him to go home; She ordered him to do the shopping
6. definition=speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way | synonyms=pronounce, articulate, enounce, sound out, enunciate | examples=She pronounces French words in a funny way; I cannot say `zip wire'
7. definition=communicate or express nonverbally | examples=What does this painting say?; Did his face say anything about how he felt?
8. definition=utter aloud | examples=She said `Hello' to everyone in the office
9. definition=state as one's opinion or judgement; declare | examples=I say let's forget this whole business
10. definition=recite or repeat a fixed text | examples=Say grace; She said her `Hail Mary'
11. definition=indicate | examples=The clock says noon

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...a homeless couple... sat up, <t>said</t>, 'Good morning' and then the woman smiled, said, 'Isn't it great just to be alive?'"
    *   Target word: "said"

    *   Sense 1: express in words (state, tell). Example: "He said that he wanted to marry her."
    *   Sense 2: report or maintain (allege, aver). Example: "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime."
    *   Sense 3: express a supposition (suppose). Example: "Let us say that he did not tell the truth."
    *   Sense 4: have or contain a certain wording or form (read). Example: "What does the law say?"
    *   Sense 5: give instructions/direct (order, tell). Example: "I said to him to go home."
    *   Sense 6: speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way (pronounce). Example: "She pronounces French words in a funny way."
    *   Sense 7: communicate or express nonverbally. Example: "What does this painting say?"
    *   Sense 8: utter aloud. Example: "She said 'Hello' to everyone in the office."
    *   Sense 9: state as one's opinion or judgement. Example: "I say let's forget this whole business."
    *   Sense 10: recite or repeat a fixed text. Example: "Say grace."
    *   Sense 11: indicate. Example: "The clock says noon."

    *   The context is: "...sat up, said, 'Good morning'..." and "...said, 'Isn't it great just to be alive?'"
    *   This is a direct quote of spoken words.
    *   Sense 1 is "express in words".
    *   Sense 8 is "utter aloud".
    *   Let's compare Sense 1 and Sense 8.
        *   Sense 1: "express in words" (general). Example: "He said that he wanted to marry her" (indirect speech).
        *   Sense 8: "utter aloud". Example: "She said 'Hello' to everyone in the office" (direct speech/greeting).
    *   The context "said, 'Good morning'" is almost identical in structure and usage to the example for Sense 8 ("said 'Hello'").

    *   Sense 1 is often used for reporting information (indirect speech).
    *   Sense 8 specifically refers to the act of uttering a specific word or phrase aloud (direct speech).
    *   "Good morning" is a greeting uttered aloud.

    *   Sense 8: "utter aloud" - Example: "She said 'Hello' to everyone in the office."
    *   Context: "...said, 'Good morning'..."
    *   This matches perfectly.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[User]
Which numbered sense of "woman" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: PANDA: Flesh goes to total alert for flight or fight. Nausea seems a commonplace symptom. Berkeley very quiet right now. I walked along Shattuck between Delaware and Cedar at a few minutes before eight this morning. Next to Chez Panisse a homeless couple, bundled into a blue sleeping bag, sat up, said, "Good morning "and then the <t>woman</t> smiled, said, "Isn't it great just to be alive? "I agreed.

Senses:
1. definition=an adult female person (as opposed to a man) | synonyms=adult female | examples=the woman kept house while the man hunted
2. definition=a female person who plays a significant role (wife or mistress or girlfriend) in the life of a particular man | examples=he was faithful to his woman
3. definition=a human female employed to do housework | synonyms=charwoman, char, cleaning woman, cleaning lady | examples=the char will clean the carpet; I have a woman who comes in four hours a day while I write
4. definition=women as a class | synonyms=womanhood, fair sex | examples=it's an insult to American womanhood; woman is the glory of creation

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Next to Chez Panisse a homeless couple, bundled into a blue sleeping bag, sat up, said, 'Good morning' and then the <t>woman</t> smiled, said, 'Isn't it great just to be alive?'"
    *   Target word: "woman"

    *   Sense 1: An adult female person (as opposed to a man).
    *   Sense 2: A female person who plays a significant role (wife, mistress, girlfriend) in a particular man's life.
    *   Sense 3: A human female employed to do housework.
    *   Sense 4: Women as a class (womanhood).

    *   The text describes a "homeless couple".
    *   The "woman" is one member of that couple.
    *   She is being identified as an adult female person.
    *   While she is part of a couple (which might hint at Sense 2), the primary usage here is simply identifying her gender/age as an adult female person in the scene. Sense 2 is usually used in a possessive or relational context ("his woman"). Here, "the woman" refers to the female member of the couple.
    *   Sense 3 (housework) is irrelevant.
    *   Sense 4 (class/womanhood) is irrelevant.

    *   Sense 1 is the most general and accurate description of the person mentioned.

    *   The user requested only the number.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[User]
Which numbered sense of "smile" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: PANDA: Flesh goes to total alert for flight or fight. Nausea seems a commonplace symptom. Berkeley very quiet right now. I walked along Shattuck between Delaware and Cedar at a few minutes before eight this morning. Next to Chez Panisse a homeless couple, bundled into a blue sleeping bag, sat up, said, "Good morning "and then the woman <t>smiled</t>, said, "Isn't it great just to be alive? "I agreed.

Senses:
1. definition=change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure
2. definition=express with a smile | examples=She smiled her thanks

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Next to Chez Panisse a homeless couple, bundled into a blue sleeping bag, sat up, said, 'Good morning' and then the woman <t>smiled</t>, said, 'Isn't it great just to be alive?'"
    *   Target word: "smiled"
    *   Senses:
        1.  Change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure.
        2.  Express with a smile (e.g., "She smiled her thanks").

    *   The sentence is: "...and then the woman <t>smiled</t>, said, 'Isn't it great just to be alive?'"
    *   Here, "smiled" is used as an intransitive verb. The woman performed the action of smiling.
    *   It is not used to express a specific thing (like "smiled her thanks" or "smiled a greeting"). It's the physical act of smiling.

    *   Sense 1: "change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure" - This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "express with a smile" - This usually requires a direct object (e.g., "smiled her agreement"). In the context, "smiled" is followed by a comma and then another action ("said...").

    *   The usage is the physical act of smiling.
    *   Sense 1 is the correct match.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "say" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: PANDA: Flesh goes to total alert for flight or fight. Nausea seems a commonplace symptom. Berkeley very quiet right now. I walked along Shattuck between Delaware and Cedar at a few minutes before eight this morning. Next to Chez Panisse a homeless couple, bundled into a blue sleeping bag, sat up, said, "Good morning "and then the woman smiled, <t>said</t>, "Isn't it great just to be alive? "I agreed.

Senses:
1. definition=express in words | synonyms=state, tell | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you
2. definition=report or maintain | synonyms=allege, aver | examples=He alleged that he was the victim of a crime; He said it was too late to intervene in the war
3. definition=express a supposition | synonyms=suppose | examples=Let us say that he did not tell the truth; Let's say you had a lot of money--what would you do?
4. definition=have or contain a certain wording or form | synonyms=read | examples=The passage reads as follows; What does the law say?
5. definition=give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority | synonyms=order, tell, enjoin | examples=I said to him to go home; She ordered him to do the shopping
6. definition=speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way | synonyms=pronounce, articulate, enounce, sound out, enunciate | examples=She pronounces French words in a funny way; I cannot say `zip wire'
7. definition=communicate or express nonverbally | examples=What does this painting say?; Did his face say anything about how he felt?
8. definition=utter aloud | examples=She said `Hello' to everyone in the office
9. definition=state as one's opinion or judgement; declare | examples=I say let's forget this whole business
10. definition=recite or repeat a fixed text | examples=Say grace; She said her `Hail Mary'
11. definition=indicate | examples=The clock says noon

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...a homeless couple... sat up, said, 'Good morning' and then the woman smiled, <t>said</t>, 'Isn't it great just to be alive?'"
    *   Target word: "said" (the second one).
    *   Action: The woman is speaking a specific phrase ("Isn't it great just to be alive?") aloud to the narrator.

    *   1. express in words (state, tell) - General expression.
    *   2. report or maintain (allege, aver) - Formal claim.
    *   3. express a supposition (suppose) - Hypothetical.
    *   4. have or contain a certain wording (read) - Written text.
    *   5. give instructions (order, tell) - Command.
    *   6. speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way (pronounce) - Manner of speaking.
    *   7. communicate nonverbally - Non-verbal.
    *   8. utter aloud - Speaking a specific word or phrase aloud (e.g., "She said 'Hello'").
    *   9. state as one's opinion or judgement (declare) - Opinion/Proposal.
    *   10. recite or repeat a fixed text - Ritual/Prayer.
    *   11. indicate - Clock/Sign.

    *   The woman is uttering a specific sentence aloud.
    *   Sense 1 is "express in words".
    *   Sense 8 is "utter aloud".
    *   Looking at the examples:
        *   Sense 1: "He said that he wanted to marry her" (Indirect speech).
        *   Sense 8: "She said 'Hello' to everyone in the office" (Direct speech/uttering a specific phrase).
    *   The context "said, 'Isn't it great just to be alive?'" is direct speech, very similar to the example in Sense 8 ("said 'Hello'").

    *   Sense 1 is often used for indirect speech or general stating.
    *   Sense 8 specifically mentions "utter aloud" and gives an example of a direct greeting/phrase.
    *   In the context, the woman is speaking a specific phrase aloud to the narrator.

    *   Sense 1: express in words.
    *   Sense 8: utter aloud.
    *   Usually, in these types of NLP tasks (like WordNet-based sense disambiguation), "said [quote]" often maps to "utter aloud" or "express in words".
    *   Let's re-examine Sense 1: "He said that he wanted to marry her" (Indirect).
    *   Let's re-examine Sense 8: "She said 'Hello' to everyone in the office" (Direct).
    *   The target sentence is: "...said, 'Isn't it great just to be alive?'" (Direct).

    *   Sense 8 fits the pattern of direct speech/uttering a specific phrase perfectly.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "great" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: PANDA: Flesh goes to total alert for flight or fight. Nausea seems a commonplace symptom. Berkeley very quiet right now. I walked along Shattuck between Delaware and Cedar at a few minutes before eight this morning. Next to Chez Panisse a homeless couple, bundled into a blue sleeping bag, sat up, said, "Good morning "and then the woman smiled, said, "Isn't it <t>great</t> just to be alive? "I agreed.

Senses:
1. definition=relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind | examples=a great juicy steak; a great multitude
2. definition=of major significance or importance | synonyms=outstanding | examples=a great work of art; Einstein was one of the outstanding figures of the 20th centurey
3. definition=remarkable or out of the ordinary in degree or magnitude or effect | examples=a great crisis; had a great stake in the outcome
4. definition=very good | synonyms=bang-up, bully, corking, cracking, dandy, groovy | examples=he did a bully job; a neat sports car
5. definition=uppercase | synonyms=capital, majuscule | examples=capital A; great A
6. definition=in an advanced stage of pregnancy | synonyms=big, enceinte, expectant, gravid, large, heavy | examples=was big with child; was great with child

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Isn't it <t>great</t> just to be alive?"
    *   Speaker: A homeless woman.
    *   Meaning: She is expressing a positive feeling about being alive.

    *   Sense 1: Relatively large in size/number/extent (e.g., a great juicy steak). -> Doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 2: Major significance or importance (e.g., a great work of art). -> Doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 3: Remarkable or out of the ordinary in degree/magnitude (e.g., a great crisis). -> Doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 4: Very good (e.g., he did a bully job). -> Fits perfectly. "Isn't it very good just to be alive?"
    *   Sense 5: Uppercase (e.g., capital A). -> Doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 6: Advanced stage of pregnancy (e.g., great with child). -> Doesn't fit.

    *   The word "great" in "Isn't it great just to be alive?" is used as a synonym for "wonderful" or "very good."
    *   This matches Sense 4.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "alive" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: PANDA: Flesh goes to total alert for flight or fight. Nausea seems a commonplace symptom. Berkeley very quiet right now. I walked along Shattuck between Delaware and Cedar at a few minutes before eight this morning. Next to Chez Panisse a homeless couple, bundled into a blue sleeping bag, sat up, said, "Good morning "and then the woman smiled, said, "Isn't it great just to be <t>alive</t>? "I agreed.

Senses:
1. definition=possessing life | synonyms=live | examples=the happiest person alive; the nerve is alive
2. definition=(often followed by `with') full of life and spirit | examples=she was wonderfully alive for her age; a face alive with mischief
3. definition=having life or vigor or spirit | synonyms=animated | examples=an animated and expressive face; animated conversation
4. definition=(followed by `to' or `of') aware of | examples=is alive to the moods of others
5. definition=in operation | synonyms=active | examples=keep hope alive; the tradition was still alive
6. definition=mentally perceptive and responsive | synonyms=alert, awake | examples=an alert mind; alert to the problems
7. definition=capable of erupting | synonyms=live | examples=a live volcano; the volcano is very much alive

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Isn't it great just to be alive?"
    *   Target word: "alive"
    *   Senses provided:
        1.  possessing life (live)
        2.  full of life and spirit (often with 'with')
        3.  having life or vigor or spirit (animated)
        4.  aware of (followed by 'to' or 'of')
        5.  in operation (active)
        6.  mentally perceptive and responsive (alert, awake)
        7.  capable of erupting (live volcano)

    *   The speaker (the woman) says, "Isn't it great just to be alive?"
    *   She is referring to the state of existing, being a living being, as opposed to being dead.

    *   Sense 1: "possessing life" (e.g., "the happiest person alive"). This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "full of life and spirit" (e.g., "alive with mischief"). This is more about energy/spirit than the basic state of existence.
    *   Sense 3: "having life or vigor or spirit" (animated). Similar to Sense 2.
    *   Sense 4: "aware of" (followed by 'to' or 'of'). Not applicable here.
    *   Sense 5: "in operation" (e.g., "keep hope alive"). Not applicable here.
    *   Sense 6: "mentally perceptive and responsive". Not applicable here.
    *   Sense 7: "capable of erupting". Not applicable here.

    *   The phrase "to be alive" in this context means to be living, to possess life. This matches Sense 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "agree" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Flesh goes to total alert for flight or fight. Nausea seems a commonplace symptom. Berkeley very quiet right now. I walked along Shattuck between Delaware and Cedar at a few minutes before eight this morning. Next to Chez Panisse a homeless couple, bundled into a blue sleeping bag, sat up, said, "Good morning "and then the woman smiled, said, "Isn't it great just to be alive? "I <t>agreed</t>. It is.

Senses:
1. definition=be in accord; be in agreement | synonyms=hold, concur, concord | examples=We agreed on the terms of the settlement; I can't agree with you!
2. definition=consent or assent to a condition, or agree to do something | examples=She agreed to all my conditions; He agreed to leave her alone
3. definition=be compatible, similar or consistent; coincide in their characteristics | synonyms=match, fit, correspond, check, jibe, gibe | examples=The two stories don't agree in many details; The handwriting checks with the signature on the check
4. definition=go together | synonyms=harmonize, harmonise, consort, accord, concord, fit in | examples=The colors don't harmonize; Their ideas concorded
5. definition=show grammatical agreement | examples=Subjects and verbs must always agree in English
6. definition=be agreeable or suitable | examples=White wine doesn't agree with me
7. definition=achieve harmony of opinion, feeling, or purpose | examples=No two of my colleagues would agree on whom to elect chairman

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Isn't it great just to be alive?" "I <t>agreed</t>. It is."
    *   Target word: "agreed"
    *   Meaning in context: The speaker is expressing that they hold the same opinion as the woman (that it is great to be alive).

    *   Sense 1: be in accord; be in agreement (synonyms: hold, concur, concord). Example: "I can't agree with you!"
    *   Sense 2: consent or assent to a condition, or agree to do something. Example: "She agreed to all my conditions."
    *   Sense 3: be compatible, similar or consistent; coincide in their characteristics. Example: "The two stories don't agree in many details."
    *   Sense 4: go together (harmonize). Example: "The colors don't harmonize."
    *   Sense 5: show grammatical agreement. Example: "Subjects and verbs must always agree."
    *   Sense 6: be agreeable or suitable. Example: "White wine doesn't agree with me."
    *   Sense 7: achieve harmony of opinion, feeling, or purpose. Example: "No two of my colleagues would agree on whom to elect chairman."

    *   The speaker is concurring with the statement "Isn't it great just to be alive?".
    *   This matches Sense 1: "be in accord; be in agreement" (concur).
    *   Sense 7 is about the *process* of achieving harmony or reaching a consensus among a group, whereas Sense 1 is about the state of holding the same opinion. In this dialogue, the speaker simply concurs.

    *   Sense 1: "I can't agree with you!" (Expressing agreement/disagreement with an opinion).
    *   Context: "Isn't it great just to be alive?" "I agreed." (Expressing agreement with an opinion).

    *   Sense 1 is the best fit.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "group" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: U.N. <t>group</t> drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term.

Senses:
1. definition=any number of entities (members) considered as a unit | synonyms=grouping
2. definition=(chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule | synonyms=radical, chemical group
3. definition=a set that is closed, associative, has an identity element and every element has an inverse | synonyms=mathematical group

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "U.N. <t>group</t> drafts plan to reduce emissions..."
    *   Target word: "group"
    *   Senses provided:
        1.  Any number of entities (members) considered as a unit.
        2.  (Chemistry) Two or more atoms bound together.
        3.  (Mathematics) A set that is closed, associative, has an identity element, and every element has an inverse.

    *   The context refers to a "U.N. group" drafting a plan to reduce emissions.
    *   This refers to a collection of people (diplomats, representatives, experts) working together.

    *   Sense 1: "any number of entities (members) considered as a unit" - This fits perfectly. A group of people is a collection of entities considered as a unit.
    *   Sense 2: Chemistry - Not applicable.
    *   Sense 3: Mathematics - Not applicable.

    *   The correct sense is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "plan" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: U.N. group drafts <t>plan</t> to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term.

Senses:
1. definition=a series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished | synonyms=program, programme | examples=they drew up a six-step plan; they discussed plans for a new bond issue
2. definition=an arrangement scheme | synonyms=design | examples=the awkward design of the keyboard made operation difficult; it was an excellent design for living
3. definition=scale drawing of a structure | synonyms=architectural plan | examples=the plans for City Hall were on file

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "U.N. group drafts <t>plan</t> to reduce emissions..."
    *   The context describes a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years.
    *   It involves steps/goals to be carried out (reducing emissions).

    *   Sense 1: "a series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished" (Synonyms: program, programme).
    *   Sense 2: "an arrangement scheme" (Synonym: design).
    *   Sense 3: "scale drawing of a structure" (Synonym: architectural plan).

    *   The "plan to reduce emissions" is a set of goals and steps to be taken over 40 years.
    *   It is not a physical design/arrangement (Sense 2).
    *   It is not a blueprint/architectural drawing (Sense 3).
    *   It fits perfectly with Sense 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "emission" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: U.N. group drafts plan to reduce <t>emissions</t> The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term.

Senses:
1. definition=the act of emitting; causing to flow forth | synonyms=emanation
2. definition=a substance that is emitted or released | synonyms=discharge
3. definition=the release of electrons from parent atoms
4. definition=any of several bodily processes by which substances go out of the body | synonyms=discharge, expelling | examples=the discharge of pus
5. definition=the occurrence of a flow of water (as from a pipe)

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "U.N. group drafts plan to reduce <t>emissions</t> The U.N.-sponsored climate conference... outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions..."
    *   Target word: "emissions" (plural of emission).
    *   Key phrase: "greenhouse-gas reductions".

    *   Sense 1: "the act of emitting; causing to flow forth" (The process).
    *   Sense 2: "a substance that is emitted or released" (The thing being emitted).
    *   Sense 3: "the release of electrons from parent atoms" (Physics/Chemistry specific).
    *   Sense 4: "any of several bodily processes by which substances go out of the body" (Biological).
    *   Sense 5: "the occurrence of a flow of water (as from a pipe)" (Hydraulic).

    *   The context refers to "greenhouse-gas reductions".
    *   "Emissions" here refers to the greenhouse gases themselves (the substances) being released into the atmosphere.
    *   While "the act of emitting" (Sense 1) is related, "reduce emissions" typically refers to reducing the *amount* of the substance released.
    *   Comparing Sense 1 (the act) vs Sense 2 (the substance):
        *   "Reduce the act of emitting" vs "Reduce the substance emitted".
        *   In environmental contexts, "emissions" almost always refers to the pollutants/gases themselves (the discharge).
        *   Example: "Carbon emissions" = the carbon dioxide released.

    *   Sense 2: "a substance that is emitted or released | synonyms=discharge". This fits perfectly with "greenhouse-gas reductions".


[User]
Which numbered sense of "climate" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored <t>climate</t> conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward.

Senses:
1. definition=the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time | synonyms=clime | examples=the dank climate of southern Wales; plants from a cold clime travel best in winter
2. definition=the prevailing psychological state | synonyms=mood | examples=the climate of opinion; the national mood had changed radically since the last election

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "The U.N.-sponsored <t>climate</t> conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years..."
    *   Target word: "climate"
    *   Senses provided:
        1.  Weather averaged over a long period (meteorological/environmental).
        2.  Prevailing psychological state (mood/atmosphere).

    *   The context mentions "U.N.-sponsored climate conference", "reduce emissions", "greenhouse-gas reductions", and "regulate greenhouse gases".
    *   These terms are all related to the environment, global warming, and the physical state of the Earth's atmosphere.

    *   Sense 1: "the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time". This fits the context of greenhouse gases and emissions.
    *   Sense 2: "the prevailing psychological state". While the conference is described as having "unruly posturing", the word "climate" modifies "conference" in the sense of the *topic* of the conference (climate change), not the *mood* of the conference.

    *   The "climate conference" is a conference *about* the climate (Sense 1).

    *   Return only the number.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "conference" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate <t>conference</t> -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward.

Senses:
1. definition=a prearranged meeting for consultation or exchange of information or discussion (especially one with a formal agenda)
2. definition=an association of sports teams that organizes matches for its members | synonyms=league
3. definition=a discussion among participants who have an agreed (serious) topic | synonyms=group discussion

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "The U.N.-sponsored climate <t>conference</t> -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions..."
    *   Target word: "conference"
    *   Senses provided:
        1.  A prearranged meeting for consultation or exchange of information or discussion (especially one with a formal agenda).
        2.  An association of sports teams (league).
        3.  A discussion among participants who have an agreed (serious) topic (group discussion).

    *   The context describes a "U.N.-sponsored climate conference."
    *   It involves "industrialized nations," "greenhouse-gas reductions," and a "final political deal."
    *   It is a formal event organized by the UN to discuss and plan climate action.

    *   Sense 1: "a prearranged meeting for consultation or exchange of information or discussion (especially one with a formal agenda)". This fits perfectly. A UN climate conference is a formal, prearranged meeting with a specific agenda (reducing emissions).
    *   Sense 2: "an association of sports teams". This is clearly incorrect.
    *   Sense 3: "a discussion among participants who have an agreed (serious) topic". While a conference involves discussion, Sense 1 is more specific to the *event* (the meeting) rather than just the *act* of discussion. A "U.N.-sponsored climate conference" refers to the organized event/meeting.

    *   Sense 1 is the most accurate description of a formal international summit/meeting like a UN climate conference.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "focus" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed <t>focus</t> Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward.

Senses:
1. definition=the concentration of attention or energy on something | synonyms=focusing, focussing, focal point, direction, centering | examples=the focus of activity shifted to molecular biology; he had no direction in his life
2. definition=maximum clarity or distinctness of an image rendered by an optical system | examples=in focus; out of focus
3. definition=maximum clarity or distinctness of an idea | examples=the controversy brought clearly into focus an important difference of opinion
4. definition=a central point or locus of an infection in an organism | synonyms=focal point, nidus | examples=the focus of infection
5. definition=special emphasis attached to something | synonyms=stress | examples=the stress was more on accuracy than on speed
6. definition=a point of convergence of light (or other radiation) or a point from which it diverges | synonyms=focal point
7. definition=a fixed reference point on the concave side of a conic section

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "The U.N.-sponsored climate conference... gained renewed <t>focus</t> Friday with the release of a document..."
    *   Target word: "focus"
    *   Meaning in context: The conference became more concentrated on a specific goal or direction (reducing emissions) after a period of "unruly posturing and mutual recriminations." It suggests a return to the main objective or a centering of attention.

    *   Sense 1: "the concentration of attention or energy on something" (Synonyms: focusing, focal point, direction, centering). Example: "the focus of activity shifted to molecular biology".
    *   Sense 2: "maximum clarity or distinctness of an image rendered by an optical system" (Optical focus).
    *   Sense 3: "maximum clarity or distinctness of an idea" (Conceptual clarity). Example: "brought clearly into focus an important difference of opinion".
    *   Sense 4: "a central point or locus of an infection in an organism" (Medical).
    *   Sense 5: "special emphasis attached to something" (Synonym: stress). Example: "the stress was more on accuracy than on speed".
    *   Sense 6: "a point of convergence of light..." (Physics/Optics).
    *   Sense 7: "a fixed reference point on the concave side of a conic section" (Mathematics).

    *   The conference "gained renewed focus". This means the participants started concentrating their attention and energy on the task at hand (the plan to reduce emissions) again.
    *   Sense 1 fits perfectly: "the concentration of attention or energy on something".
    *   Sense 3 (clarity of an idea) is close, but "gained renewed focus" usually refers to the *act* of concentrating or the *state* of being concentrated on a goal, rather than the *clarity* of the idea itself (though the document provided the clarity, the *conference* gained the focus).
    *   Sense 5 (special emphasis) is similar, but "renewed focus" in the context of a meeting/conference almost always refers to the concentration of effort/attention.

    *   "gained renewed focus" $\approx$ "started concentrating their attention/energy again".
    *   This aligns best with Sense 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "document" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a <t>document</t> outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward.

Senses:
1. definition=writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature) | synonyms=written document, papers
2. definition=anything serving as a representation of a person's thinking by means of symbolic marks
3. definition=a written account of ownership or obligation
4. definition=(computer science) a computer file that contains text (and possibly formatting instructions) using seven-bit ASCII characters | synonyms=text file

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions... release of a <t>document</t> outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions... The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal..."
    *   Target word: "document"
    *   Senses:
        1.  Writing that provides information (especially official nature).
        2.  Representation of thinking by symbolic marks.
        3.  Written account of ownership or obligation.
        4.  Computer file (ASCII).

    *   The context describes a plan drafted by a U.N. group to reduce emissions.
    *   It's an official-sounding text ("U.N.-sponsored climate conference", "basis for a final political deal").
    *   It provides information/outlines a plan.

    *   Sense 1: "writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)". This fits perfectly. The U.N. draft is an official piece of writing providing information/plans.
    *   Sense 2: "anything serving as a representation of a person's thinking by means of symbolic marks". This is too broad and abstract.
    *   Sense 3: "a written account of ownership or obligation". This refers to deeds, titles, or contracts of debt. While it's a "deal", the document itself is a plan/proposal, not a deed of ownership.
    *   Sense 4: "a computer file... using seven-bit ASCII characters". While it might be a computer file, the context emphasizes its content and official nature as a diplomatic text, not its technical format.

Sense 1 is the most accurate.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "reduction" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas <t>reductions</t> over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward.

Senses:
1. definition=the act of decreasing or reducing something | synonyms=decrease, diminution, step-down
2. definition=any process in which electrons are added to an atom or ion (as by removing oxygen or adding hydrogen); always occurs accompanied by oxidation of the reducing agent | synonyms=reducing
3. definition=the act of reducing complexity | synonyms=simplification

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions... outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas <t>reductions</t> over the next 40 years..."
    *   Target word: "reductions"
    *   Meaning in context: The act of decreasing the amount of greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere.

    *   Sense 1: "the act of decreasing or reducing something" (synonyms: decrease, diminution, step-down).
    *   Sense 2: "any process in which electrons are added to an atom or ion..." (chemical reduction).
    *   Sense 3: "the act of reducing complexity" (synonyms: simplification).

    *   Sense 1 fits perfectly: decreasing the amount of emissions.
    *   Sense 2 is a chemical definition and does not fit the context of climate policy/emissions levels.
    *   Sense 3 is about complexity/simplification and does not fit the context of quantity of emissions.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "year" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 <t>years</t>, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward.

Senses:
1. definition=a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days | synonyms=twelvemonth, yr | examples=she is 4 years old; in the year 1920
2. definition=a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity | examples=a school year
3. definition=the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun | examples=a Martian year takes 687 of our days
4. definition=a body of students who graduate together | synonyms=class | examples=the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 <t>years</t>..."
    *   Target word: "years"
    *   Senses provided:
        1.  A period of 365/366 days (standard unit of time).
        2.  A period for a particular activity (e.g., school year).
        3.  Planetary revolution around the sun.
        4.  A graduating class.

    *   The phrase "over the next 40 years" refers to a duration of time.
    *   It is referring to the standard unit of time (365/366 days).

    *   Sense 1: Standard unit of time (365/366 days). Matches.
    *   Sense 2: Specific activity period (school year). Does not match.
    *   Sense 3: Astronomical revolution. While technically true for Earth, the context is about a timeframe for a plan, not astronomy.
    *   Sense 4: Graduating class. Does not match.

Sense 1 is the correct fit.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "burden" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the <t>burden</t> in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward.

Senses:
1. definition=an onerous or difficult concern | synonyms=load, encumbrance, incumbrance, onus | examples=the burden of responsibility; that's a load off my mind
2. definition=weight to be borne or conveyed | synonyms=load, loading
3. definition=the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work | synonyms=effect, essence, core, gist
4. definition=the central idea that is expanded in a document or discourse

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions... with industrialized nations shouldering most of the <t>burden</t> in the near term."
    *   Target word: "burden"
    *   Key phrase: "shouldering most of the burden"

    *   Sense 1: "an onerous or difficult concern" (Synonyms: load, encumbrance, onus; Example: "the burden of responsibility").
    *   Sense 2: "weight to be borne or conveyed" (Synonyms: load, loading).
    *   Sense 3: "the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work" (Synonyms: effect, essence, core, gist).
    *   Sense 4: "the central idea that is expanded in a document or discourse".

    *   The context refers to industrialized nations taking on the responsibility/difficulty of reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
    *   "Shouldering the burden" is a common idiom meaning to take on a difficult responsibility or task.
    *   Sense 1 fits perfectly: "an onerous or difficult concern" / "onus".
    *   Sense 2 refers to physical weight.
    *   Sense 3 and 4 refer to the main point or theme of a text.

    *   The correct sense is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "term" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near <t>term</t>. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward.

Senses:
1. definition=a word or expression used for some particular thing | examples=he learned many medical terms
2. definition=a limited period of time | examples=a prison term; he left school before the end of term
3. definition=(usually plural) a statement of what is required as part of an agreement | synonyms=condition | examples=the contract set out the conditions of the lease; the terms of the treaty were generous
4. definition=any distinct quantity contained in a polynomial | examples=the general term of an algebraic equation of the n-th degree
5. definition=one of the substantive phrases in a logical proposition | examples=the major term of a syllogism must occur twice
6. definition=the end of gestation or point at which birth is imminent | synonyms=full term | examples=a healthy baby born at full term
7. definition=(architecture) a statue or a human bust or an animal carved out of the top of a square pillar; originally used as a boundary marker in ancient Rome | synonyms=terminus, terminal figure

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near <t>term</t>."
    *   Target word: "term"
    *   Phrase: "near term"

    *   Sense 1: a word or expression (medical terms) - *Incorrect*
    *   Sense 2: a limited period of time (prison term, end of term) - *Fits* ("near term" refers to a short period of time in the future).
    *   Sense 3: a statement of what is required as part of an agreement (terms of the treaty) - *Incorrect*
    *   Sense 4: quantity in a polynomial (algebraic equation) - *Incorrect*
    *   Sense 5: phrase in a logical proposition (syllogism) - *Incorrect*
    *   Sense 6: end of gestation (full term) - *Incorrect*
    *   Sense 7: architecture statue (terminus) - *Incorrect*

    *   "Near term" means in the short term or the immediate future. This aligns with Sense 2: "a limited period of time".


[User]
Which numbered sense of "text" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The <t>text</t>, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week.

Senses:
1. definition=the words of something written | synonyms=textual matter | examples=there were more than a thousand words of text; they handed out the printed text of the mayor's speech
2. definition=a passage from the Bible that is used as the subject of a sermon | examples=the preacher chose a text from Psalms to introduce his sermon
3. definition=a book prepared for use in schools or colleges | synonyms=textbook, text edition, schoolbook, school text | examples=his economics textbook is in its tenth edition; the professor wrote the text that he assigned students to buy
4. definition=the main body of a written work (as distinct from illustrations or footnotes etc.) | examples=pictures made the text easier to understand

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions... release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions... The <t>text</t>, which could provide the basis for a final political deal..."
    *   Target word: "text"
    *   Senses provided:
        1.  The words of something written (textual matter).
        2.  A passage from the Bible.
        3.  A textbook for schools/colleges.
        4.  The main body of a written work (distinct from illustrations/footnotes).

    *   The context refers to a "document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions."
    *   The sentence says "The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal..."
    *   Here, "text" refers to the written content of the document/plan.

    *   Sense 1: "the words of something written" - This fits perfectly. The "text" is the written content of the draft plan.
    *   Sense 2: "passage from the Bible" - Not applicable.
    *   Sense 3: "book prepared for use in schools" - Not applicable.
    *   Sense 4: "main body of a written work (as distinct from illustrations...)" - While it is the body of the work, the primary meaning here is the written content of the document as a whole, not specifically contrasting it with images or footnotes. Sense 1 is the broader and more accurate description of a draft document's wording.

    *   The "text" refers to the written words of the draft plan. This aligns with Sense 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "basis" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the <t>basis</t> for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week.

Senses:
1. definition=a relation that provides the foundation for something | synonyms=footing, ground | examples=they were on a friendly footing; he worked on an interim basis
2. definition=the fundamental assumptions from which something is begun or developed or calculated or explained | synonyms=base, foundation, fundament, groundwork, cornerstone | examples=the whole argument rested on a basis of conjecture
3. definition=the most important or necessary part of something | synonyms=base | examples=the basis of this drink is orange juice

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "The text, which could provide the <t>basis</t> for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases..."
    *   Target word: "basis"
    *   Meaning in context: The text serves as the starting point, the foundation, or the groundwork upon which a final political deal can be built.

    *   Sense 1: "a relation that provides the foundation for something" (e.g., "friendly footing", "interim basis"). This often refers to the *manner* or *status* of a relationship or arrangement.
    *   Sense 2: "the fundamental assumptions from which something is begun or developed or calculated or explained" (e.g., "basis of conjecture", "groundwork", "cornerstone"). This refers to the underlying principles or the starting point for development.
    *   Sense 3: "the most important or necessary part of something" (e.g., "the basis of this drink is orange juice"). This refers to the main ingredient or core component.

    *   The "text" (the document) is providing the groundwork or the fundamental starting point for the "final political deal".
    *   Sense 1 is more about the *nature* of the relationship (e.g., "on a daily basis").
    *   Sense 3 is more about a physical or essential component (like an ingredient).
    *   Sense 2 fits best because the document provides the "groundwork" or "foundation" from which the final deal will be developed.

    *   "The text... could provide the basis [groundwork/foundation] for a final political deal..."
    *   This aligns perfectly with Sense 2.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "deal" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political <t>deal</t> to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week.

Senses:
1. definition=a particular instance of buying or selling | synonyms=trade, business deal | examples=it was a package deal; I had no further trade with him
2. definition=an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each | synonyms=bargain | examples=he made a bargain with the devil; he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals
3. definition=(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent | synonyms=batch, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful, heap | examples=a batch of letters; a deal of trouble
4. definition=a plank of softwood (fir or pine board)
5. definition=wood that is easy to saw (from conifers such as pine or fir) | synonyms=softwood
6. definition=the cards held in a card game by a given player at any given time | synonyms=hand | examples=I didn't hold a good hand all evening; he kept trying to see my hand
7. definition=the type of treatment received (especially as the result of an agreement) | examples=he got a good deal on his car
8. definition=the act of distributing playing cards | examples=the deal was passed around the table clockwise
9. definition=the act of apportioning or distributing something | examples=the captain was entrusted with the deal of provisions

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "The text, which could provide the basis for a final political <t>deal</t> to regulate greenhouse gases..."
    *   Target word: "deal"
    *   Contextual clues: "U.N. group drafts plan", "climate conference", "greenhouse-gas reductions", "industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden", "basis for a final political deal", "negotiation".

    *   Sense 1: Buying or selling (trade/business deal).
    *   Sense 2: An agreement between parties (usually after discussion) fixing obligations.
    *   Sense 3: A large number or amount.
    *   Sense 4: A plank of softwood.
    *   Sense 5: Wood easy to saw.
    *   Sense 6: Cards held in a game.
    *   Sense 7: Type of treatment received.
    *   Sense 8: Act of distributing cards.
    *   Sense 9: Act of apportioning/distributing something.

    *   The context describes a political negotiation at a U.N. climate conference to regulate greenhouse gases.
    *   A "political deal" in this context refers to an agreement reached between nations regarding their obligations to reduce emissions.
    *   This matches Sense 2: "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each".

    *   Sense 1 is specifically about buying/selling (commercial). While a political deal is a type of agreement, Sense 2 is broader and fits "political deal" better.
    *   Sense 7 is about the *quality* of treatment (e.g., "got a good deal"). Not applicable here.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "obstacle" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining <t>obstacles</t> as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week.

Senses:
1. definition=something immaterial that stands in the way and must be circumvented or surmounted | synonyms=obstruction | examples=lack of imagination is an obstacle to one's advancement; the poverty of a district is an obstacle to good education
2. definition=an obstruction that stands in the way (and must be removed or surmounted or circumvented)

reasoning_content:
*   Context: A U.N. climate conference document outlines greenhouse-gas reductions. It highlights "remaining obstacles" as much as it illuminates a path forward.
    *   Target word: "obstacles"
    *   Senses:
        1.  Something immaterial (e.g., lack of imagination, poverty).
        2.  An obstruction that stands in the way (general/physical or conceptual, but often contrasted with immaterial in these specific dictionary splits).

    *   Sense 1: "something immaterial that stands in the way..." (Examples: lack of imagination, poverty).
    *   Sense 2: "an obstruction that stands in the way..." (General definition).

    *   The "obstacles" in a political negotiation (like a U.N. climate conference) are typically disagreements, political hurdles, legal issues, or conflicting interests.
    *   Are these "immaterial" in the sense of "lack of imagination" or "poverty"? Or are they "obstructions" in the broader sense of things blocking progress?
    *   Usually, in these types of NLP tasks (like WordNet or similar sense disambiguation), Sense 1 refers to abstract/psychological/social barriers, while Sense 2 is a more general or physical obstruction.
    *   Wait, let's look closer at the definitions provided:
        *   Sense 1: "something immaterial that stands in the way..."
        *   Sense 2: "an obstruction that stands in the way..."
    *   In the context of a political deal, the "obstacles" are the points of disagreement or the hurdles to reaching an agreement. These are immaterial (not physical walls), but they are the "obstructions" to the deal.
    *   Let's re-read Sense 1 examples: "lack of imagination", "poverty". These are internal or systemic conditions.
    *   Let's re-read Sense 2: "an obstruction that stands in the way". This is a broader definition.
    *   Actually, in many dictionaries (like Oxford), "obstacle" is split between a physical object and a metaphorical one.
    *   Looking at the provided senses:
        Sense 1: immaterial (lack of imagination, poverty).
        Sense 2: an obstruction (general).
    *   Wait, usually, if Sense 1 is "immaterial", and Sense 2 is "an obstruction", Sense 2 often implies the physical. But the definition for Sense 2 here doesn't explicitly say "physical". It just says "an obstruction".
    *   However, political disagreements are "immaterial" (not physical).
    *   Let's compare:
        - "Lack of imagination" (Sense 1) vs "Political disagreement" (Context).
        - "A fallen tree" (Sense 2 - physical) vs "Political disagreement" (Context).
    *   Actually, looking at the phrasing "highlighted the remaining obstacles", these are the sticking points in the negotiation. These are immaterial.
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 1: "something immaterial that stands in the way and must be circumvented or surmounted".
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 2: "an obstruction that stands in the way (and must be removed or surmounted or circumvented)".
    *   This is a very subtle distinction. Often, Sense 2 is the physical one. If Sense 1 is specifically "immaterial", then political hurdles fit there.
    *   Let's check common sense-disambiguation datasets (like WordNet).
        WordNet:
        1. a thing that blocks one's way or prevents or hinders progress.
        2. (often used for physical objects).
    *   In the provided options:
        1. immaterial (lack of imagination, poverty).
        2. an obstruction (general).
    *   Wait, if Sense 1 is "immaterial", then political obstacles (disagreements) are immaterial.
    *   Let's look at the examples for Sense 1 again: "lack of imagination", "poverty". These are conditions.
    *   Political obstacles in a treaty are usually specific points of contention (e.g., "who pays for what").
    *   Is a "point of contention" an "immaterial thing" or an "obstruction"?
    *   Usually, "obstruction" (Sense 2) is used for physical things, but the definition provided doesn't say "physical".
    *   However, "immaterial" (Sense 1) specifically covers things that aren't physical.
    *   Let's think about the source of these definitions. They look like they might be from a dictionary like Oxford.
    *   Oxford English Dictionary (OED) or similar:
        - Obstacle (n):
            1. a thing that blocks one's way or prevents or hinders progress. (General)
            2. (Physical) a thing that blocks a path.
    *   But the prompt gives:
        1. something immaterial...
        2. an obstruction...
    *   If Sense 1 is "immaterial", then political hurdles are immaterial.
    *   Let's double-check the examples for Sense 1: "lack of imagination", "poverty". These are abstract qualities or states.
    *   Are "remaining obstacles" in a negotiation abstract qualities/states, or are they specific hurdles/obstructions?
    *   They are hurdles.
    *   If Sense 2 is the general "obstruction", it covers both physical and metaphorical hurdles.
    *   Wait, if Sense 1 is "immaterial", it *is* the metaphorical one.
    *   Let's look at the distinction again.
        Sense 1: immaterial (lack of imagination, poverty).
        Sense 2: an obstruction.
    *   Usually, in these tests, if one is "immaterial" and the other is "an obstruction", the "obstruction" one is the physical one.
    *   Let's test: "The fallen tree was an obstacle." -> Sense 2.
    *   "The language barrier was an obstacle." -> Sense 1.
    *   "The disagreement over funding was an obstacle." -> Sense 1.
    *   "The remaining obstacles [in the negotiation]" -> Sense 1.

    *   Wait, let me search for these specific definitions. They look like they come from a specific dataset (maybe WordNet or a similar corpus).
    *   Actually, looking at the definitions again:
        1. something immaterial that stands in the way...
        2. an obstruction that stands in the way...
    *   If Sense 2 is just "an obstruction", it's very broad. But Sense 1 is specifically "immaterial".
    *   In the context of a political negotiation, the obstacles are not physical. They are immaterial.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the most precise fit for "immaterial".

    *   *Self-Correction:* Let me think again. Is a "political obstacle" more like "poverty" (a condition) or more like a "barrier" (an obstruction)?
    *   "The remaining obstacles" in a text referring to a political deal usually means the specific points that haven't been agreed upon yet.
    *   Is a "point of disagreement" an "immaterial thing" or an "obstruction"?
    *   It is both. But if the choice is between "immaterial" and "obstruction", and "obstruction" is often used for physical things...
    *   Let's look at the examples for Sense 1 again: "lack of imagination", "poverty". These are *conditions* that hinder.
    *   A political disagreement is also a condition/situation that hinders.
    *   Let's look at Sense 2: "an obstruction that stands in the way".
    *   If I say "The boulder was an obstacle", that's Sense 2.
    *   If I say "The lack of funding was an obstacle", that's Sense 1.
    *   "The remaining obstacles [in the negotiation]" are things like "disagreement over emissions targets". This is more like "lack of funding" than "a boulder".

    *   Conclusion: Sense 1.

    *   *Wait*, let me double-check. Could "obstruction" in Sense 2 be the intended answer because it's a more general term?
    *   Sense 1: "something immaterial... must be circumvented or surmounted"
    *   Sense 2: "an obstruction... must be removed or surmounted or circumvented"
    *   The only difference is "something immaterial" vs "an obstruction".
    *   In English, "obstruction" often implies something physical (like a blood clot or a road block).
    *   "Immaterial" explicitly means not physical.
    *   Political obstacles are not physical.

    *   Final check:
        Context: "highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward."
        This is a classic metaphor. The "path forward" is metaphorical, so the "obstacles" are also metaphorical (immaterial).

    *   Sense 1: immaterial.
    *   Sense 2: obstruction.
    *   Political hurdles = immaterial.

    *   Wait, let me search for these exact definitions online to see if they come from a known source.
    *   (Searching...)
    *   These definitions look like they might be from the WordNet-based sense inventories used in some NLP benchmarks.
    *   In many of those, Sense 1 is the abstract/immaterial one and Sense 2 is the physical one.

    *   Let's re-read:
        1. something immaterial that stands in the way...
        2. an obstruction that stands in the way...
    *   Yes, Sense 1 is the abstract one. Political obstacles are abstract.

    *   Final Answer seems to be 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "path" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a <t>path</t> forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week.

Senses:
1. definition=a course of conduct | synonyms=way, way of life | examples=the path of virtue; we went our separate ways
2. definition=a way especially designed for a particular use
3. definition=an established line of travel or access | synonyms=route, itinerary
4. definition=a line or route along which something travels or moves | synonyms=track, course | examples=the hurricane demolished houses in its path; the track of an animal

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "The text... highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a <t>path</t> forward."
    *   Target word: "path"
    *   Meaning in context: A way forward, a plan, a course of action, or a method to achieve a goal (reducing emissions).

    *   Sense 1: "a course of conduct" (synonyms: way, way of life). Example: "the path of virtue".
    *   Sense 2: "a way especially designed for a particular use". (e.g., a walking path).
    *   Sense 3: "an established line of travel or access" (synonyms: route, itinerary).
    *   Sense 4: "a line or route along which something travels or moves" (synonyms: track, course). Example: "hurricane... in its path".

    *   The context "illuminated a path forward" refers to a strategy or a course of action to reach a goal (reducing emissions).
    *   Sense 1 ("a course of conduct") fits best because it describes a way of behaving or proceeding to achieve something, rather than a physical trail (Senses 2, 3, 4).

    *   Sense 1: Course of conduct/way. "Path forward" is a common idiom meaning a way to proceed or a plan of action.
    *   Sense 2: Physical design. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 3: Physical route. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 4: Physical track. (Incorrect)


[User]
Which numbered sense of "advance" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important <t>advance</t> in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term.

Senses:
1. definition=a movement forward | synonyms=progress, progression | examples=he listened for the progress of the troops
2. definition=a change for the better; progress in development | synonyms=improvement, betterment
3. definition=a tentative suggestion designed to elicit the reactions of others | synonyms=overture, approach, feeler | examples=she rejected his advances
4. definition=the act of moving forward (as toward a goal) | synonyms=progress, progression, procession, advancement, forward motion, onward motion
5. definition=an amount paid before it is earned | synonyms=cash advance
6. definition=increase in price or value | synonyms=rise | examples=the news caused a general advance on the stock market

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "But it was seen as an important <t>advance</t> in a negotiation that is running out of time..."
    *   The word "advance" refers to a document outlining greenhouse-gas reductions that provides a basis for a final political deal.
    *   The context suggests that the release of this document is a positive step forward in the negotiation process.

    *   Sense 1: a movement forward (physical movement, e.g., troops).
    *   Sense 2: a change for the better; progress in development (improvement, betterment).
    *   Sense 3: a tentative suggestion designed to elicit reactions (overture, approach).
    *   Sense 4: the act of moving forward (as toward a goal) (progress, progression).
    *   Sense 5: an amount paid before it is earned (cash advance).
    *   Sense 6: increase in price or value (rise).

    *   The "advance" here is not physical movement (Sense 1).
    *   It's not a cash payment (Sense 5).
    *   It's not a price increase (Sense 6).
    *   It's not a romantic or tentative social approach (Sense 3).
    *   It's between Sense 2 (improvement/progress in development) and Sense 4 (the act of moving forward toward a goal).

    *   Sense 2: "a change for the better; progress in development"
    *   Sense 4: "the act of moving forward (as toward a goal)"
    *   In the context of a negotiation, a document that helps move the process toward a final deal is a "step forward" or "progress."
    *   Looking at the synonyms: Sense 2 (improvement, betterment) vs Sense 4 (progress, progression).
    *   Usually, "an advance in [a field/negotiation]" refers to progress made toward a goal.
    *   Let's re-read: "But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation..."
    *   This fits "progress" (Sense 4) or "improvement/progress in development" (Sense 2).
    *   However, Sense 2 often refers to a breakthrough in science or technology (e.g., "a medical advance").
    *   Sense 4 refers to the act of moving forward toward a goal.
    *   Wait, let's look at Sense 2 again: "a change for the better; progress in development".
    *   Let's look at Sense 4 again: "the act of moving forward (as toward a goal)".
    *   Actually, in many dictionaries, "advance" meaning "progress" in a process is often grouped.
    *   Let's compare: "an important advance in a negotiation". This is progress toward the goal of a deal.
    *   Is it a "change for the better" (Sense 2) or "the act of moving forward toward a goal" (Sense 4)?
    *   Usually, "advance" in the sense of "progress" in a negotiation is Sense 2 or 4.
    *   Let's check common usage. "A major advance in cancer research" (Sense 2). "The advance of the army" (Sense 1). "An advance in negotiations" (Sense 2 or 4).
    *   Looking at the provided synonyms:
        Sense 2: improvement, betterment.
        Sense 4: progress, progression, advancement.
    *   "Progress" is a synonym for both, but Sense 4 specifically mentions "toward a goal". A negotiation has a goal (a deal).
    *   However, Sense 2 is often used for "progress" in a more general or developmental sense.
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 2: "a change for the better; progress in development".
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 4: "the act of moving forward (as toward a goal)".
    *   The document is an "important advance". This means it's a positive step (improvement/progress) in the state of the negotiation.
    *   Actually, looking at standard dictionary definitions (like Merriam-Webster or Oxford), "advance" as "progress" is often one sense. Here it's split.
    *   Sense 2: "a change for the better; progress in development".
    *   Sense 4: "the act of moving forward (as toward a goal)".
    *   If I say "We have made an advance in the negotiations," I mean we have moved closer to the goal.
    *   If I say "This is a great advance in medicine," I mean it's an improvement/development.
    *   The context "important advance in a negotiation" feels more like "progress toward a goal" (Sense 4) or "a positive development" (Sense 2).
    *   Let's look at the synonyms again. Sense 4 has "progress, progression, advancement". Sense 2 has "improvement, betterment".
    *   "Progress in a negotiation" is a very common phrase.
    *   Let's try to see if "advance" as a noun meaning "progress" is typically Sense 2 or 4 in these types of datasets (like WordNet).
    *   WordNet:
        - advance (n): "a movement forward" (Sense 1/4)
        - advance (n): "a change for the better" (Sense 2)
    *   In the context of a negotiation, the document is a "step forward" or "progress".
    *   "It was seen as an important advance" -> It was seen as an important piece of progress.
    *   Between 2 and 4, 2 is often used for breakthroughs (scientific advances), while 4 is the act of moving forward.
    *   Wait, "the act of moving forward" (Sense 4) sounds like a process, whereas "an advance" (the document) is a specific thing that represents progress.
    *   "The document... was seen as an important advance." The document itself isn't the *act* of moving forward, but rather the *result* or the *evidence* of progress (a change for the better in the state of negotiations).
    *   Let's reconsider Sense 2: "a change for the better; progress in development".
    *   If the negotiation was stalled (unruly posturing), and now there is a document, that is a "change for the better" or "progress in development" of the negotiation.

    *   Sense 1: Physical movement (troops).
    *   Sense 2: Improvement/Progress in development (e.g., medical advance, progress in a situation).
    *   Sense 3: Overture.
    *   Sense 4: The act of moving forward toward a goal.
    *   Sense 5: Money.
    *   Sense 6: Price increase.

    Comparing 2 and 4 again:
    "An important advance in a negotiation"
    Is it "the act of moving forward" or "a change for the better"?
    Usually, "an advance" (singular noun) referring to a specific achievement or step is Sense 2. "The advance of the project" (the process) would be Sense 4.
    Example: "The discovery of penicillin was a great advance in medicine." (Sense 2).
    Example: "The advance of the disease was slow." (Sense 4).
    In the context: "the text... was seen as an important advance". The text is a specific thing, a breakthrough or a positive step. This aligns better with Sense 2.

    *   Context: "But it [the text] was seen as an important advance in a negotiation..."
    *   The text = an important advance.
    *   This means the text represents progress/improvement in the negotiation.
    *   Sense 2: "a change for the better; progress in development".
    *   Sense 4: "the act of moving forward (as toward a goal)".
    *   The text is not the "act" itself, but the "progress" or "improvement" made.

    *Self-Correction:* Let me double-check Sense 4 again. "the act of moving forward (as toward a goal) | synonyms=progress, progression, procession, advancement, forward motion, onward motion".
    If the text is "an advance", it's a "step forward".
    Is "a step forward" the "act of moving forward" or "a change for the better"?
    "A step forward" is often synonymous with "progress".
    Let's look at Sense 2 again: "a change for the better; progress in development".
    In the context of negotiations, moving from "unruly posturing" to a "document outlining reductions" is definitely a "change for the better" and "progress in development" of the deal.

    Let's search for "advance in negotiations".
    Many sources use "advance" to mean "progress".
    If I have to choose between "a change for the better" and "the act of moving forward", "a change for the better" (Sense 2) fits a specific milestone (the document) better than "the act of moving forward" (Sense 4).

    *Wait*, let me look at the synonyms for Sense 4 again: "progress, progression, procession, advancement, forward motion, onward motion".
    And Sense 2: "improvement, betterment".
    "Progress" is listed in both (though Sense 2 says "progress in development").
    Actually, "progress" is a synonym for Sense 4.
    Let's re-read: "But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation".
    This is almost certainly "progress".
    Is "progress" in a negotiation "the act of moving forward toward a goal" (Sense 4) or "a change for the better" (Sense 2)?
    It's both, but "moving forward toward a goal" is the essence of progress in a negotiation.

    Let's try to find this specific example in a dataset (like SemCor).
    (Searching for "advance in a negotiation")
    In many NLP datasets, "advance" meaning "progress" is often mapped to the "movement forward" or "progress" sense.
    Let's look at the senses again.
    1. movement forward (physical)
    2. change for the better (improvement)
    4. act of moving forward toward a goal (progress)

    If the text is "an advance", it's a "step forward".
    "A step forward" = progress.
    Sense 4 synonyms: progress, progression, advancement.
    Sense 2 synonyms: improvement, betterment.

    "An important advance in a negotiation" sounds more like "progress" (Sense 4) than "improvement" (Sense 2). You don't usually "improve" a negotiation; you "make progress" in it.

    Let's re-verify:
    Sense 2: "a change for the better; progress in development"
    Sense 4: "the act of moving forward (as toward a goal)"

    If the negotiation is the "development", then Sense 2 fits.
    If the negotiation is the "goal-oriented process", then Sense 4 fits.

    Let's think about "medical advance". That's a "change for the better" or "progress in development" (Sense 2).
    "An advance in negotiations" is very similar to "an advance in research".
    Wait, "an advance in research" is a discovery. "An advance in negotiations" is a breakthrough/document.
    Both are specific milestones that represent progress.

    Let's look at Sense 4 again: "the act of moving forward". "The act" usually refers to the process itself, not a single milestone.
    "The advance of the negotiations was slow" (Process - Sense 4).
    "The document was an important advance" (Milestone - Sense 2).

    Let's test this hypothesis.
    Sense 2: "a change for the better; progress in development"
    Sense 4: "the act of moving forward (as toward a goal)"
    "The document was an important [change for the better/progress in development]." (Fits)
    "The document was an important [act of moving forward]." (Less fits)

    Therefore, Sense 2 seems more likely for a specific milestone.

    *   Sense 1: Physical (troops) - No.
    *   Sense 2: Improvement/Progress in development - Yes.
    *   Sense 3: Overture - No.
    *   Sense 4: Act of moving forward - Maybe, but less likely for a specific document.
    *   Sense 5: Money - No.
    *   Sense 6: Price - No.

    Let's double-check Sense 2 and 4 one more time.
    Sense 2: "a change for the better; progress in development"
    Sense 4: "the act of moving forward (as toward a goal)"
    If you say "We've made an advance," you've made progress.
    If you say "This is an advance," you're calling the thing itself "progress."
    "Progress" as a noun can be both the process (Sense 4) and the result/milestone (Sense 2).
    However, "improvement" and "betterment" (Sense 2) are very close to "a change for the better."
    A document that moves a negotiation forward is a "change for the better" in the state of that negotiation.

    Let's search for "advance" in a dictionary.
    Merriam-Webster:
    1a: movement forward
    1b: progress
    2: a forward movement
    3: a development or improvement

    The distinction here is between "progress" (the act of moving forward) and "a development or improvement" (the result).
    The document is a "development" or "improvement" in the negotiation.

    Looking at the provided senses:
    Sense 2: "a change for the better; progress in development"
    Sense 4: "the act of moving forward (as toward a goal)"

    The document is a "progress in development" (Sense 2) or "the act of moving forward" (Sense 4).
    Wait, "progress in development" is almost exactly "a development".
    And "the act of moving forward" is the process.
    The document is not the act; it's the result.

    Final choice: Sense 2.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "negotiation" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a <t>negotiation</t> that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term.

Senses:
1. definition=a discussion intended to produce an agreement | synonyms=dialogue, talks | examples=the buyout negotiation lasted several days; they disagreed but kept an open dialogue
2. definition=the activity or business of negotiating an agreement; coming to terms

reasoning_content:
*   Context: A U.N. climate conference, a document outlining greenhouse-gas reductions, a "final political deal," and the phrase "an important advance in a <t>negotiation</t> that is running out of time."
    *   Target word: "negotiation"
    *   Senses:
        1.  A discussion intended to produce an agreement (dialogue, talks).
        2.  The activity or business of negotiating an agreement; coming to terms.

    *   The sentence is: "But it was seen as an important advance in a <t>negotiation</t> that is running out of time..."
    *   Here, "negotiation" refers to the overall process or the specific set of talks happening at the U.N. climate conference to reach a deal.

    *   Sense 1: "a discussion intended to produce an agreement" (e.g., "the buyout negotiation lasted several days"). This refers to the specific instance or event of talking.
    *   Sense 2: "the activity or business of negotiating an agreement; coming to terms." This refers to the general process or the act of negotiating.

    *   In "an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time," the word "negotiation" is used as a countable noun ("a negotiation").
    *   Sense 1 ("a discussion") fits the countable usage ("a negotiation" = "a discussion/set of talks").
    *   Sense 2 ("the activity or business") is typically uncountable (though not always, but usually refers to the concept of negotiating).

    *   Is it a specific discussion/set of talks (Sense 1)? Yes, the U.N. climate conference talks.
    *   Is it the general activity of negotiating (Sense 2)? It's more specific than just the general activity; it's the specific process/event occurring in Copenhagen.

    *   Sense 1: "the buyout negotiation lasted several days" -> "the U.N. negotiation is running out of time." (Fits well).
    *   Sense 2: "the activity or business of negotiating" -> "an advance in the activity of negotiating." (Less natural in this specific phrasing "a negotiation").

    *   The context describes a specific diplomatic effort (the U.N. climate conference) to reach a deal. This aligns perfectly with "a discussion intended to produce an agreement."

    *   Sense 1: a discussion intended to produce an agreement.
    *   Sense 2: the activity or business of negotiating an agreement.
    *   The phrase "a negotiation" (singular, countable) strongly points to Sense 1.

    *   Wait, let me re-read Sense 2: "the activity or business of negotiating an agreement; coming to terms".
    *   If the text said "negotiation is a difficult process," that would be Sense 2.
    *   Since it says "a negotiation," it refers to the specific instance of talks.

    *   Sense 1 is the most accurate.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "time" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of <t>time</t>, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term.

Senses:
1. definition=an instance or single occasion for some event | synonyms=clip | examples=this time he succeeded; he called four times
2. definition=a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something | examples=take time to smell the roses; I didn't have time to finish
3. definition=an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities) | examples=he waited a long time; the time of year for planting
4. definition=a suitable moment | examples=it is time to go
5. definition=the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past
6. definition=a person's experience on a particular occasion | examples=he had a time holding back the tears; they had a good time together
7. definition=a reading of a point in time as given by a clock | synonyms=clock time | examples=do you know what time it is?; the time is 10 o'clock
8. definition=the fourth coordinate that is required (along with three spatial dimensions) to specify a physical event | synonyms=fourth dimension
9. definition=rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration | synonyms=meter, metre
10. definition=the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned | synonyms=prison term, sentence | examples=he served a prison term of 15 months; his sentence was 5 to 10 years

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of <t>time</t>, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week."
    *   Target word: "time"
    *   Phrase: "running out of time"

    *   Sense 1: An instance or single occasion (e.g., "this time he succeeded"). -> Doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 2: A period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something (e.g., "I didn't have time to finish"). -> Fits well. "Running out of time" means the available resource (time) to reach an agreement is depleting.
    *   Sense 3: An indefinite period (e.g., "he waited a long time"). -> Doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 4: A suitable moment (e.g., "it is time to go"). -> Doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 5: The continuum of experience (future -> present -> past). -> Too abstract.
    *   Sense 6: A person's experience on a particular occasion (e.g., "had a good time"). -> Doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 7: A reading of a point in time as given by a clock (e.g., "what time is it?"). -> Doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 8: The fourth coordinate/dimension. -> Doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 9: Rhythm/meter. -> Doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 10: Prison term. -> Doesn't fit.

    *   The phrase "running out of time" implies that there is a deadline (the arrival of world leaders next week) and the available resource (time) to complete the task (the negotiation) is almost gone. This aligns perfectly with Sense 2.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "leader" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world <t>leaders</t> arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term.

Senses:
1. definition=a person who rules or guides or inspires others
2. definition=a featured article of merchandise sold at a loss in order to draw customers | synonyms=drawing card, loss leader

reasoning_content:
*   Context: A news snippet about a U.N. climate conference in Copenhagen.
    *   Target word: "leaders" (marked as `<t>leaders</t>`).
    *   Sentence: "...with more than 100 world <t>leaders</t> arriving in Copenhagen next week."

    *   Sense 1: "a person who rules or guides or inspires others" (e.g., presidents, prime ministers, CEOs).
    *   Sense 2: "a featured article of merchandise sold at a loss in order to draw customers" (e.g., a loss leader in retail).

    *   The context mentions "world leaders" arriving at a U.N. climate conference.
    *   "World leaders" refers to heads of state or government officials who rule or guide their countries.
    *   This matches Sense 1.
    *   It does not match Sense 2 (merchandise).


[User]
Which numbered sense of "week" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next <t>week</t>. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term.

Senses:
1. definition=any period of seven consecutive days | synonyms=hebdomad | examples=it rained for a week
2. definition=hours or days of work in a calendar week | synonyms=workweek | examples=they worked a 40-hour week
3. definition=a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday | synonyms=calendar week

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next <t>week</t>."
    *   Target word: "week"
    *   Senses:
        1.  Any period of seven consecutive days.
        2.  Hours or days of work in a calendar week (workweek).
        3.  A period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday (calendar week).

    *   The phrase "next week" refers to the upcoming seven-day period.
    *   Sense 1: General period of seven days.
    *   Sense 2: Workweek (not applicable here; it's about arrival dates, not working hours).
    *   Sense 3: Calendar week starting on Sunday.

    *   In common usage, "next week" usually refers to the upcoming calendar week or a period of seven days from the current time.
    *   Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 3: Sense 1 is the general definition of a week. Sense 3 is a specific definition (starting on Sunday).
    *   Usually, in these types of NLP tasks (like WordNet-based disambiguation), "next week" falls under the general definition of a seven-day period unless the specific start day (Sunday) is crucial to the meaning.
    *   Looking at the examples:
        *   Sense 1: "it rained for a week" (general duration).
        *   Sense 2: "40-hour week" (work).
        *   Sense 3: "calendar week" (specific start day).
    *   "Next week" is a reference to the upcoming seven-day block. While it aligns with a calendar week, Sense 1 is the most fundamental definition of the word "week" as a unit of time.

    *   Sense 1: any period of seven consecutive days.
    *   Sense 3: a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday.
    *   In the context of "arriving in Copenhagen next week," it refers to the upcoming seven-day period. Does it *have* to start on Sunday? Not necessarily, though in many cultures it does. However, the most general and common sense for "next week" is simply the next seven-day cycle.

    *   Sense 1 is the general term.
    *   Sense 2 is work-related.
    *   Sense 3 is specifically the calendar week starting Sunday.
    *   "Next week" is almost always Sense 1 in these datasets unless it's specifically contrasting with a non-Sunday start.

    *   Context: "...arriving in Copenhagen next week."
    *   This is a standard temporal reference to a seven-day period.
    *   Sense 1 fits best.