[User]
Which numbered sense of "issue" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local <t>issues</t> -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress.

Senses:
1. definition=an important question that is in dispute and must be settled | examples=the issue could be settled by requiring public education for everyone; politicians never discuss the real issues
2. definition=one of a series published periodically | synonyms=number | examples=she found an old issue of the magazine in her dentist's waiting room
3. definition=some situation or event that is thought about | synonyms=topic, subject, matter | examples=he kept drifting off the topic; he had been thinking about the subject for several years
4. definition=the act of providing an item for general use or for official purposes (usually in quantity) | synonyms=issuing, issuance | examples=a new issue of stamps; the last issue of penicillin was over a month ago
5. definition=supplies (as food or clothing or ammunition) issued by the government | synonyms=military issue, government issue
6. definition=the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property | synonyms=return, take, takings, proceeds, yield, payoff | examples=the average return was about 5%
7. definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | synonyms=consequence, effect, outcome, result, event, upshot | examples=the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise; his decision had depressing consequences for business
8. definition=the immediate descendants of a person | synonyms=offspring, progeny | examples=she was the mother of many offspring; he died without issue
9. definition=the becoming visible | synonyms=emergence, egress | examples=not a day's difference between the emergence of the andrenas and the opening of the willow catkins
10. definition=an opening that permits escape or release | synonyms=exit, outlet, way out | examples=he blocked the way out; the canyon had only one issue
11. definition=the act of issuing printed materials | synonyms=publication

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 11. Return only the integer.

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local <t>issues</t> -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-."
    *   Target word: "issues" (plural of "issue").
    *   Contextual clues: "national issues" (programmatic actions, legislation) and "local issues" (constituency service, pork barrel).

    *   Sense 1: "an important question that is in dispute and must be settled" (e.g., "politicians never discuss the real issues").
    *   Sense 2: "one of a series published periodically" (e.g., magazine issue).
    *   Sense 3: "some situation or event that is thought about" (synonyms: topic, subject, matter).
    *   Sense 4: "the act of providing an item for general use" (e.g., issue of stamps).
    *   Sense 5: "supplies issued by the government" (e.g., military issue).
    *   Sense 6: "income or profit" (e.g., return, yield).
    *   Sense 7: "a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon" (e.g., consequence, outcome).
    *   Sense 8: "immediate descendants" (e.g., offspring).
    *   Sense 9: "the becoming visible" (e.g., emergence).
    *   Sense 10: "an opening that permits escape" (e.g., exit).
    *   Sense 11: "the act of issuing printed materials" (e.g., publication).

    *   The context refers to "national issues" and "local issues" in the realm of politics and governance.
    *   "National issues" are described as "programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation."
    *   "Local issues" are described as "constituency service and pork barrel."
    *   These are topics, subjects, or matters of concern/dispute that politicians deal with.
    *   Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 3:
        *   Sense 1: "an important question that is in dispute and must be settled" (e.g., "politicians never discuss the real issues").
        *   Sense 3: "some situation or event that is thought about" (synonyms: topic, subject, matter).
    *   In political science, "issues" usually refer to the points of contention or the subjects of policy debate. Sense 1 specifically mentions "politicians never discuss the real issues," which aligns very closely with the context of congressional representatives dealing with national and local issues.

    *   Sense 1 is more specific to the political/dispute context ("question that is in dispute and must be settled").
    *   Sense 3 is more general ("topic, subject, matter").
    *   The context "national issues" and "local issues" in the context of voting and legislation strongly suggests Sense 1.

    *   "dealing with national issues... and attending to local issues"
    *   This fits the definition of "important questions that are in dispute and must be settled" (Sense 1) or "topics/subjects" (Sense 3).
    *   Looking at the examples for Sense 1: "politicians never discuss the real issues." This is almost a perfect match for the context.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[User]
Which numbered sense of "service" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency <t>service</t> and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress.

Senses:
1. definition=work done by one person or group that benefits another | examples=budget separately for goods and services
2. definition=an act of help or assistance | examples=he did them a service
3. definition=the act of public worship following prescribed rules | synonyms=religious service, divine service | examples=the Sunday service
4. definition=a company or agency that performs a public service; subject to government regulation
5. definition=employment in or work for another | examples=he retired after 30 years of service
6. definition=a force that is a branch of the armed forces | synonyms=military service, armed service
7. definition=Canadian writer (born in England) who wrote about life in the Yukon Territory (1874-1958) | synonyms=Robert William Service
8. definition=a means of serving | synonyms=avail, help | examples=of no avail; there's no help for it
9. definition=tableware consisting of a complete set of articles (silver or dishware) for use at table | synonyms=table service
10. definition=the act of mating by male animals | synonyms=servicing | examples=the bull was worth good money in servicing fees
11. definition=(law) the acts performed by an English feudal tenant for the benefit of his lord which formed the consideration for the property granted to him
12. definition=(sports) a stroke that puts the ball in play | synonyms=serve | examples=his powerful serves won the game
13. definition=the act of delivering a writ or summons upon someone | synonyms=serving, service of process | examples=he accepted service of the subpoena
14. definition=periodic maintenance on a car or machine | synonyms=overhaul, inspection and repair | examples=it was time for an overhaul on the tractor
15. definition=the performance of duties by a waiter or servant | examples=that restaurant has excellent service

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues... and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency <t>service</t> and pork barrel -RRB-."
    *   Target word: "service"
    *   Phrase: "constituency service"

    *   Sense 1: work done by one person or group that benefits another (e.g., goods and services).
    *   Sense 2: an act of help or assistance (e.g., he did them a service).
    *   Sense 3: public worship (religious service).
    *   Sense 4: a company or agency that performs a public service.
    *   Sense 5: employment in or work for another (e.g., 30 years of service).
    *   Sense 6: branch of the armed forces.
    *   Sense 7: Robert William Service (writer).
    *   Sense 8: a means of serving (avail, help).
    *   Sense 9: tableware.
    *   Sense 10: mating of animals.
    *   Sense 11: feudal tenant acts.
    *   Sense 12: sports stroke (serve).
    *   Sense 13: delivering a writ/summons.
    *   Sense 14: periodic maintenance (car/machine).
    *   Sense 15: performance of duties by a waiter/servant.

    *   "Constituency service" refers to the work that members of Congress do for the people in their home districts (helping them navigate government bureaucracy, solving problems, etc.).
    *   This is work done by a representative (one person/group) that benefits their constituents (another group).

    *   Sense 1: "work done by one person or group that benefits another". This fits well.
    *   Sense 2: "an act of help or assistance". This is close, but "constituency service" is more of a general category of work/duty rather than a single act.
    *   Sense 5: "employment in or work for another". This usually refers to the duration of employment (e.g., "years of service").

    *   "Constituency service" is a standard political term. It describes the *type* of work (services) provided to the public.
    *   Sense 1 is the broadest and most accurate description of the general category of work provided to benefit others.

    *   Sense 1: "work done by one person or group that benefits another"
    *   Example: "budget separately for goods and services"
    *   In "constituency service", the representative is providing a service (work) to the constituents.

    *   Sense 2 is "an act of help". "Constituency service" is the *practice* or *category* of work, not a single act.
    *   Sense 1 is the most fitting.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[User]
Which numbered sense of "republican" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- <t>Republican</t> congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic.

Senses:
1. definition=relating to or belonging to the Republican Party | examples=a Republican senator; Republican party politics
2. definition=having the supreme power lying in the body of citizens entitled to vote for officers and representatives responsible to them or characteristic of such government; - United States Constitution; ; - Philip Marsh; -Nathaniel Hawthorne | examples=the United States shall guarantee to every state in this union a republican form of government; a very republican notion

reasoning_content:
*   Context: A passage discussing the voting behavior of Americans, comparing "Republican brand" and "Democratic brand," and specifically mentioning "<t>Republican</t> congressional representatives" who believe in a minimalist state.
    *   Target word: "Republican" (marked with `<t></t>`).
    *   Senses provided:
        1.  Relating to or belonging to the Republican Party (e.g., a Republican senator).
        2.  Relating to a republic (supreme power lying with citizens/representatives) (e.g., a republican form of government).

    *   The text mentions "a Republican brand" and "a Democratic brand."
    *   It contrasts "Republican congressional representatives" with "Democratic members of Congress."
    *   It discusses political parties and their beliefs (minimalist state vs. big government).
    *   This clearly refers to the political party in the United States.

    *   Sense 1: "relating to or belonging to the Republican Party" -> Matches perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "having the supreme power lying in the body of citizens..." -> This is the general political science definition of a republic, not the specific party.

    *   The correct sense is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "representative" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional <t>representatives</t>, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic.

Senses:
1. definition=a person who represents others
2. definition=an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose | synonyms=spokesperson, interpreter, voice | examples=the meeting was attended by spokespersons for all the major organs of government
3. definition=a member of the United States House of Representatives | synonyms=congressman, congresswoman
4. definition=an item of information that is typical of a class or group | synonyms=example, illustration, instance | examples=this patient provides a typical example of the syndrome; there is an example on page 10

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Republican congressional <t>representatives</t>, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress."
    *   Target word: "representatives"
    *   Surrounding clues: "Republican congressional", "members of Congress", "voting in office", "Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities".

    *   Sense 1: a person who represents others (General definition).
    *   Sense 2: an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose (Spokesperson).
    *   Sense 3: a member of the United States House of Representatives (Congressman/woman).
    *   Sense 4: an item of information that is typical of a class or group (Example).

    *   The context explicitly mentions "Congressional representatives", "Republican congressional representatives", and "Democratic members of Congress".
    *   This refers specifically to the elected officials in the US House of Representatives.
    *   Sense 3 is the most specific and accurate fit ("a member of the United States House of Representatives"). While Sense 1 is technically true (they represent others), Sense 3 is the precise definition for "Congressional representatives".

    *   Sense 1: Too general.
    *   Sense 2: Not a spokesperson.
    *   Sense 3: Perfect fit (Congressional representative = member of the House).
    *   Sense 4: Not an example.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "belief" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their <t>belief</t> in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic.

Senses:
1. definition=any cognitive content held as true
2. definition=a vague idea in which some confidence is placed | synonyms=impression, feeling, notion, opinion | examples=his impression of her was favorable; what are your feelings about the crisis?

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Republican congressional representatives, because of their <t>belief</t> in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress."
    *   Target word: "belief"
    *   Senses provided:
        1.  "any cognitive content held as true"
        2.  "a vague idea in which some confidence is placed | synonyms=impression, feeling, notion, opinion"

    *   The sentence says: "Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state..."
    *   This refers to a political ideology or a set of principles (minimalist state) that they hold to be true or correct.
    *   It's not a "vague idea," "impression," or "feeling." It's a core conviction or a set of beliefs that drive their political behavior.

    *   Sense 1: "any cognitive content held as true" - This fits well. A belief in a minimalist state is a conviction held as true/correct.
    *   Sense 2: "a vague idea in which some confidence is placed" - This does not fit. Political ideology is generally more structured than a "vague idea" or "impression."

    *   The context describes a political stance/ideology.
    *   Sense 1 is the standard definition for holding a conviction or principle.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "minimalist" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a <t>minimalist</t> state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic.

Senses:
1. definition=of or relating to artistic minimalism
2. definition=advocating minimal reforms (as in government or politics)

reasoning_content:
*   Context: A text discussing economic theory regarding voting behavior in the US, specifically comparing Republican and Democratic beliefs about the role of government.
    *   Target word: "minimalist" (used in "minimalist state").
    *   Senses provided:
        1.  of or relating to artistic minimalism.
        2.  advocating minimal reforms (as in government or politics).

    *   The text mentions "a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action".
    *   It contrasts this with "a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention".
    *   The term "minimalist state" refers to a government with very limited functions/powers (small government).

    *   Sense 1: Artistic minimalism (not applicable here).
    *   Sense 2: Advocating minimal reforms/intervention in government or politics (fits the context of "minimalist state" and "small government").

    *   The correct sense is 2.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "state" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist <t>state</t>, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic.

Senses:
1. definition=the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation | synonyms=province | examples=his state is in the deep south
2. definition=the way something is with respect to its main attributes | examples=the current state of knowledge; his state of health
3. definition=the group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state | examples=the state has lowered its income tax
4. definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=nation, country, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
5. definition=(chemistry) the three traditional states of matter are solids (fixed shape and volume) and liquids (fixed volume and shaped by the container) and gases (filling the container) | synonyms=state of matter | examples=the solid state of water is called ice
6. definition=a state of depression or agitation | examples=he was in such a state you just couldn't reason with him
7. definition=the territory occupied by a nation | synonyms=country, land | examples=he returned to the land of his birth; he visited several European countries
8. definition=the federal department in the United States that sets and maintains foreign policies | synonyms=Department of State, United States Department of State, State Department, DoS | examples=the Department of State was created in 1789

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action..." and "...Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist <t>state</t>, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking..."
    *   Target word: "state"
    *   Key phrase: "minimalist state"

    *   Sense 1: Territory of a constituent administrative district (e.g., province, US state).
    *   Sense 2: Condition/way something is (e.g., state of health).
    *   Sense 3: The government of a sovereign state (the group of people/administration).
    *   Sense 4: A politically organized body of people under a single government (nation, country, body politic).
    *   Sense 5: State of matter (chemistry).
    *   Sense 6: State of agitation/depression.
    *   Sense 7: Territory occupied by a nation.
    *   Sense 8: US Department of State.

    *   The text discusses political theories, "minimalist state" vs. "big government," and "public intervention."
    *   "Minimalist state" refers to a political philosophy (like libertarianism or classical liberalism) where the government's role is kept to a minimum.
    *   This refers to the "body politic" or the organized political entity/government system.

    *   Sense 3: "the group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state"
    *   Sense 4: "a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=nation, country, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic"

    *   In political science, "the state" often refers to the institution of government and the political organization of society.
    *   "Minimalist state" usually refers to the scope and size of the government's authority and functions within the society.
    *   Sense 4 ("body politic") is a broader definition of the state as a political entity.
    *   Sense 3 focuses specifically on the "group of people comprising the government."
    *   Looking at the context: "minimalist state" vs "big government." This is contrasting the size/role of the political organization.
    *   Comparing Sense 3 and Sense 4:
        *   Sense 3: "the state has lowered its income tax" (The government acted).
        *   Sense 4: "the state has elected a new president" (The political entity).
    *   Actually, in the context of "minimalist state," it refers to the political organization/system of governance. Sense 4 is the most comprehensive definition of "the state" as a political concept (the body politic).

    *   Wait, let me re-read Sense 3: "the group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state".
    *   Let me re-read Sense 4: "a politically organized body of people under a single government".
    *   In the phrase "minimalist state," the "state" is the political entity/institution.
    *   Often, "the state" is used interchangeably for the government (Sense 3) and the political organization (Sense 4).
    *   However, "minimalist state" is a standard term in political theory referring to the "night-watchman state," which is the *body politic* limited to specific functions.
    *   Let's look at the examples again.
        *   Sense 3: "the state has lowered its income tax" (Government action).
        *   Sense 4: "the state has elected a new president" (The political entity).
    *   Actually, Sense 4 is the definition of the state as a political entity. Sense 3 is more about the administration. "Minimalist state" refers to the nature of the political entity itself.

    *   Let's double-check if there's a better fit.
    *   Sense 1: No (not a US state like Texas).
    *   Sense 2: No (not a state of mind/condition).
    *   Sense 5: No.
    *   Sense 6: No.
    *   Sense 7: No (not just the land).
    *   Sense 8: No.

    *   Between 3 and 4:
        *   Sense 3: "the group of people comprising the government"
        *   Sense 4: "a politically organized body of people under a single government"
        *   "Minimalist state" refers to the political organization/system. Sense 4 is the standard definition for "the state" in political science (the body politic).

    *   Wait, let me look at Sense 4 again: "synonyms=nation, country, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic".
    *   Let me look at Sense 3 again: "the group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state".
    *   In the context of "minimalist state" vs "big government," "state" is being used as a synonym for the government/political authority.
    *   If I say "the state is too large," I usually mean the government apparatus.
    *   Sense 3: "the group of people comprising the government".
    *   Sense 4: "a politically organized body of people under a single government".
    *   Actually, "the state" in "minimalist state" refers to the political organization/institution of government.
    *   Let's re-evaluate. "Minimalist state" = a state (political entity) that is minimalist.
    *   Sense 4 is the definition of the entity itself. Sense 3 is the people running it.
    *   Usually, "the state" in this political context refers to the political organization (Sense 4).

    *   Let's check common usage in these types of NLP tasks (like WordNet).
    *   WordNet often distinguishes between the "state" as the political entity (Sense 4) and the "state" as the government (Sense 3).
    *   "Minimalist state" refers to the *type* of political entity.

    *   Let's re-read the context: "...Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action..."
    *   This is contrasting the "state" (public action/government) with "private markets."
    *   This strongly points to the political entity/government.

    *   Is it 3 or 4?
    *   Sense 3: "the group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state"
    *   Sense 4: "a politically organized body of people under a single government"
    *   If the "state" is "minimalist," it means the *organization* and its *powers* are limited. This fits Sense 4 (the body politic) better than just the "group of people" (Sense 3).

    *   Let's double-check Sense 4 again. "a politically organized body of people under a single government".
    *   Let's double-check Sense 3 again. "the group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state".
    *   Actually, in many dictionaries, "the state" meaning "the government" is a very common usage.
    *   Example: "The state has lowered its income tax." (Sense 3).
    *   Example: "The state has elected a new president." (Sense 4).
    *   "Minimalist state" refers to the political system/entity.

    *   Let's try to see if "minimalist state" is more about the government (Sense 3) or the political entity (Sense 4).
    *   A "minimal state" (or night-watchman state) is a political entity whose only legitimate functions are to protect citizens from violence, theft, and fraud. This is a definition of the *body politic* (Sense 4).

    *   Wait, let me look at the examples again.
    *   Sense 3: "the state has lowered its income tax"
    *   Sense 4: "the state has elected a new president"
    *   Actually, Sense 4's example "the state has elected a new president" is a bit weird because usually, the *people* elect the president *of* the state. But it's meant to represent the political entity.

    *   Let's reconsider Sense 4: "a politically organized body of people under a single government".
    *   Let's reconsider Sense 3: "the group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state".
    *   In the context of "minimalist state," it's the political organization. Sense 4 is the most fitting.

    *   Wait, let me search for "minimalist state" and "body politic."
    *   Yes, the "minimal state" is a concept about the nature of the *body politic*.

    *   Let me double-check Sense 3 one more time. "the group of people comprising the government". This is more like "the administration."
    *   "Minimalist state" isn't about the *people* in the government, but the *structure and power* of the government.

    *   Therefore, Sense 4 is the most appropriate.

    *   Wait, let me look at the options again.
    *   1. province
    *   2. condition
    *   3. government (the people)
    *   4. nation/body politic
    *   5. matter
    *   6. agitation
    *   7. territory
    *   8. Dept of State

    *   In the context of "minimalist state," it's definitely referring to the political entity/government system. Sense 4 is the best fit.

    *   Wait, let me think about Sense 3 again. "the group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state".
    *   If I say "the state is too big," am I talking about the *people* (Sense 3) or the *politically organized body* (Sense 4)? I'm talking about the organization/system.

    *   Let's check Sense 4 again: "a politically organized body of people under a single government".
    *   This seems to be the most accurate description of "the state" in the political science sense used in "minimalist state."

    *   Let me just quickly check if "minimalist state" could be Sense 3.
    *   If "the state" = "the government," then "minimalist state" = "minimalist government."
    *   Sense 3: "the group of people comprising the government".
    *   Sense 4: "a politically organized body of people under a single government".
    *   Sense 4 is broader and encompasses the system, while Sense 3 is more about the personnel. "Minimalist" describes the system.

    *   Final check:
        Context: "minimalist state"
        Sense 4: "a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=nation, country, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic"
        This fits.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "willing" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less <t>willing</t> to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic.

Senses:
1. definition=disposed or inclined toward | examples=a willing participant; willing helpers
2. definition=not brought about by coercion or force | synonyms=uncoerced, unforced | examples=the confession was uncoerced

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less <t>willing</t> to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress."
    *   Target word: "willing"
    *   Senses provided:
        1.  disposed or inclined toward (e.g., a willing participant)
        2.  not brought about by coercion or force (e.g., the confession was uncoerced)

    *   The sentence says Republican representatives are "less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking."
    *   This means they are less *inclined* or less *disposed* to do it because of their beliefs.
    *   It does not mean they are being coerced or not coerced into doing it.

    *   Sense 1: "disposed or inclined toward" matches perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "not brought about by coercion or force" does not fit the context of political inclination/belief.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "engage" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to <t>engage</t> in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic.

Senses:
1. definition=carry out or participate in an activity; be involved in | synonyms=prosecute, pursue | examples=She pursued many activities; They engaged in a discussion
2. definition=consume all of one's attention or time | synonyms=absorb, engross, occupy | examples=Her interest in butterflies absorbs her completely
3. definition=engage or hire for work | synonyms=hire, employ | examples=They hired two new secretaries in the department; How many people has she employed?
4. definition=ask to represent; of legal counsel | examples=I'm retaining a lawyer
5. definition=give to in marriage | synonyms=betroth, affiance, plight
6. definition=get caught | examples=make sure the gear is engaged
7. definition=carry on (wars, battles, or campaigns) | synonyms=wage | examples=Napoleon and Hitler waged war against all of Europe
8. definition=hire for work or assistance | synonyms=enlist | examples=engage aid, help, services, or support
9. definition=engage for service under a term of contract | synonyms=lease, rent, hire, charter, take | examples=We took an apartment on a quiet street; Let's rent a car
10. definition=keep engaged | synonyms=mesh, lock, operate | examples=engaged the gears

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to <t>engage</t> in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress."
    *   Target word: "engage"
    *   Usage: "engage in local benefit-seeking"

    *   Sense 1: carry out or participate in an activity; be involved in (e.g., "engaged in a discussion").
    *   Sense 2: consume all of one's attention or time (e.g., "absorbs her completely").
    *   Sense 3: engage or hire for work (e.g., "hired two new secretaries").
    *   Sense 4: ask to represent; of legal counsel (e.g., "retaining a lawyer").
    *   Sense 5: give to marriage (e.g., "betroth").
    *   Sense 6: get caught (e.g., "gear is engaged").
    *   Sense 7: carry on (wars, battles, or campaigns) (e.g., "waged war").
    *   Sense 8: hire for work or assistance (e.g., "engage aid").
    *   Sense 9: engage for service under a term of contract (e.g., "rent a car").
    *   Sense 10: keep engaged (e.g., "engaged the gears").

    *   The phrase is "engage in local benefit-seeking".
    *   "Local benefit-seeking" is an activity.
    *   The sentence means Republican representatives are less willing to *participate in* or *carry out* the activity of local benefit-seeking.
    *   This matches Sense 1: "carry out or participate in an activity; be involved in".

    *   Sense 7 is about wars/battles. "Local benefit-seeking" is not a war.
    *   Senses 3, 4, 8, 9 are about hiring/employment.
    *   Senses 2, 5, 6, 10 are clearly incorrect.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "local" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in <t>local</t> benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic.

Senses:
1. definition=relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area | examples=local taxes; local authorities
2. definition=of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood | examples=local customs; local schools
3. definition=affecting only a restricted part or area of the body | examples=local anesthesia

reasoning_content:
*   Context: A passage discussing economic theory regarding voting behavior in the US Congress.
    *   Target word: "local" in the phrase "<t>local</t> benefit-seeking".
    *   Surrounding context for "local": "Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities... dealing with national issues... and attending to local issues (constituency service and pork barrel). 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives... are less willing to engage in <t>local</t> benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress."

    *   Sense 1: "relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area" (e.g., local taxes, local authorities).
    *   Sense 2: "of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood" (e.g., local customs, local schools).
    *   Sense 3: "affecting only a restricted part or area of the body" (e.g., local anesthesia).

    *   The text contrasts "national issues" with "local issues".
    *   "Local issues" are defined as "constituency service and pork barrel".
    *   "Local benefit-seeking" refers to actions taken by a representative to benefit their specific district/constituency (the "local" area they represent) rather than the nation as a whole.
    *   This aligns with the idea of administration/concerns of a specific district rather than a larger area (the nation).

    *   Sense 1 focuses on administration/application to a district/city/town vs. a larger area.
    *   Sense 2 focuses on characteristics/belonging to a locality (customs, schools).
    *   Sense 3 is medical.

    In the context of "local benefit-seeking" by a member of Congress, it refers to the administration of resources or benefits to their specific district (a smaller administrative area) as opposed to national policy. This fits Sense 1 best.

    *   "Local issues" (constituency service, pork barrel) $\rightarrow$ "local benefit-seeking".
    *   This is about the political administration of a district.
    *   Sense 1: "relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area".
    *   This matches perfectly.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "democratic" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are <t>Democratic</t> members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic.

Senses:
1. definition=characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality; ; ; - George du Maurier | examples=democratic government; a democratic country
2. definition=belong to or relating to the Democratic Party | examples=Democratic senator
3. definition=representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large | synonyms=popular | examples=democratic art forms; a democratic or popular movement

reasoning_content:
*   Context: A text discussing the voting behavior of Americans, comparing "Republican brand" and "Democratic brand," and specifically mentioning "Democratic members of Congress."
    *   Target word: `<t>Democratic</t>` in the sentence "Republican congressional representatives... are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are <t>Democratic</t> members of Congress."
    *   Senses provided:
        1.  Based on principles of democracy/social equality (e.g., democratic government).
        2.  Relating to the Democratic Party (e.g., Democratic senator).
        3.  Representing/appealing to the people at large (e.g., democratic art forms).

    *   The text explicitly contrasts "Republican brand" and "Democratic brand."
    *   It mentions "Republican congressional representatives" and "Democratic members of Congress."
    *   This clearly refers to the political parties in the United States (Republicans vs. Democrats).

    *   Sense 1: General democracy/equality. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Relating to the Democratic Party. (Correct)
    *   Sense 3: Popular/for the people. (Incorrect)

    *   The correct sense is 2.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "member" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic <t>members</t> of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic.

Senses:
1. definition=one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization) | synonyms=fellow member | examples=only members will be admitted; a member of the faculty
2. definition=anything that belongs to a set or class | examples=snakes are members of the class Reptilia; members of the opposite sex
3. definition=an external body part that projects from the body | synonyms=extremity, appendage | examples=it is important to keep the extremities warm
4. definition=an organization that is a member of another organization (especially a state that belongs to a group of nations) | examples=the library was a member of the interlibrary loan association; Canada is a member of the United Nations
5. definition=the male organ of copulation (`member' is a euphemism) | synonyms=penis, phallus

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic <t>members</t> of Congress."
    *   Target word: "members"
    *   Contextual meaning: People who are part of the US Congress (specifically Democratic ones).

    *   Sense 1: "one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)" - Examples: "only members will be admitted; a member of the faculty".
    *   Sense 2: "anything that belongs to a set or class" - Examples: "snakes are members of the class Reptilia".
    *   Sense 3: "an external body part that projects from the body" - Examples: "extremities".
    *   Sense 4: "an organization that is a member of another organization" - Examples: "Canada is a member of the United Nations".
    *   Sense 5: "the male organ of copulation".

    *   The "members of Congress" are individual people who are part of a legislative body (a social/political group organization).
    *   Sense 1 fits perfectly: "one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)".
    *   Sense 2 is too broad (anything in a set).
    *   Sense 3 is anatomical.
    *   Sense 4 is for organizations/states.
    *   Sense 5 is anatomical.

The correct sense is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "assumption" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these <t>assumptions</t> hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies.

Senses:
1. definition=a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn | synonyms=premise, premiss | examples=on the assumption that he has been injured we can infer that he will not to play
2. definition=a hypothesis that is taken for granted | synonyms=supposition, supposal | examples=any society is built upon certain assumptions
3. definition=the act of taking possession of or power over something | synonyms=laying claim | examples=his assumption of office coincided with the trouble in Cuba; the Nazi assumption of power in 1934
4. definition=celebration in the Roman Catholic Church of the Virgin Mary's being taken up into heaven when her earthly life ended; corresponds to the Dormition in the Eastern Orthodox Church | synonyms=Assumption of Mary, August 15
5. definition=(Christianity) the taking up of the body and soul of the Virgin Mary when her earthly life had ended
6. definition=audacious (even arrogant) behavior that you have no right to | synonyms=presumption, presumptuousness, effrontery | examples=he despised them for their presumptuousness
7. definition=the act of assuming or taking for granted | examples=your assumption that I would agree was unwarranted

reasoning_content:
*   Context: A text discussing an economic theory about voting behavior. It lists three specific points (1, 2, 3) that the theory "relies on." It then says, "If these <t>assumptions</t> hold..."
    *   Target word: "assumptions"
    *   Senses provided:
        1.  A statement assumed to be true from which a conclusion can be drawn (premise).
        2.  A hypothesis taken for granted (supposition).
        3.  Taking possession/power (e.g., assumption of office).
        4.  Catholic holiday (Assumption of Mary).
        5.  The act of Mary being taken up to heaven.
        6.  Audacious behavior (presumption).
        7.  The act of assuming/taking for granted.

    *   The text says: "The theory relies on three assumptions: 1... 2... 3... If these assumptions hold..."
    *   These "assumptions" are the starting points (premises) used to build the economic theory and reach a conclusion about the "prisoner's dilemma" and the incentive to "lean Democratic."

    *   Sense 1: "a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn | synonyms=premise, premiss". This fits perfectly. The three points are premises for the conclusion.
    *   Sense 2: "a hypothesis that is taken for granted | synonyms=supposition, supposal". This is very close. However, in the context of a formal theory or logical argument, "premise" (Sense 1) is often a more precise fit than "supposition" (Sense 2). Let's re-evaluate.
    *   Sense 3: Power/possession. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 4: Religious holiday. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 5: Religious event. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 6: Arrogance. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 7: The *act* of assuming. (Incorrect - the text refers to the statements themselves, not the act of making them).

    *   Sense 1: "a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn"
    *   Sense 2: "a hypothesis that is taken for granted"
    *   In the context of "The theory relies on three assumptions... If these assumptions hold [then a conclusion follows]", these are clearly premises.
    *   Example for Sense 1: "on the assumption that he has been injured we can infer that he will not to play" (If A, then B).
    *   Example for Sense 2: "any society is built upon certain assumptions" (General underlying beliefs).
    *   The context provided is a logical structure: "The theory relies on [1, 2, 3]. If [1, 2, 3] hold, [Conclusion]." This matches Sense 1's "statement... from which a conclusion can be drawn" almost exactly.

Sense 1 is the most accurate.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "hold" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions <t>hold</t>, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies.

Senses:
1. definition=keep in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., | synonyms=keep, maintain | examples=keep clean; hold in place
2. definition=have or hold in one's hands or grip | synonyms=take hold | examples=Hold this bowl for a moment, please; A crazy idea took hold of him
3. definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=throw, have, make, give | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
4. definition=have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense | synonyms=have, have got | examples=She has $1,000 in the bank; He has got two beautiful daughters
5. definition=keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view | synonyms=deem, view as, take for | examples=take for granted; view as important
6. definition=maintain (a theory, thoughts, or feelings) | synonyms=harbor, harbour, entertain, nurse | examples=bear a grudge; entertain interesting notions
7. definition=to close within bounds, limit or hold back from movement | synonyms=restrain, confine | examples=This holds the local until the express passengers change trains; About a dozen animals were held inside the stockade
8. definition=secure and keep for possible future use or application | synonyms=retain, keep back, hold back | examples=The landlord retained the security deposit; I reserve the right to disagree
9. definition=have rightfully; of rights, titles, and offices | synonyms=bear | examples=She bears the title of Duchess; He held the governorship for almost a decade
10. definition=be the physical support of; carry the weight of | synonyms=support, sustain, hold up | examples=The beam holds up the roof; He supported me with one hand while I balanced on the beam
11. definition=contain or hold; have within | synonyms=bear, carry, contain | examples=The jar carries wine; The canteen holds fresh water
12. definition=have room for; hold without crowding | synonyms=accommodate, admit | examples=This hotel can accommodate 250 guests; The theater admits 300 people
13. definition=remain in a certain state, position, or condition | examples=The weather held; They held on the road and kept marching
14. definition=support or hold in a certain manner | synonyms=carry, bear | examples=She holds her head high; He carried himself upright
15. definition=be valid, applicable, or true | synonyms=prevail, obtain | examples=This theory still holds
16. definition=assert or affirm | examples=Rousseau's philosophy holds that people are inherently good
17. definition=have as a major characteristic | examples=The novel holds many surprises; The book holds in store much valuable advise
18. definition=be capable of holding or containing | synonyms=contain, take | examples=This box won't take all the items; The flask holds one gallon
19. definition=arrange for and reserve (something for someone else) in advance | synonyms=reserve, book | examples=reserve me a seat on a flight; The agent booked tickets to the show for the whole family
20. definition=protect against a challenge or attack | synonyms=defend, guard | examples=Hold that position behind the trees!; Hold the bridge against the enemy's attacks
21. definition=bind by an obligation; cause to be indebted | synonyms=oblige, bind, obligate | examples=He's held by a contract; I'll hold you by your promise
22. definition=hold the attention of | examples=The soprano held the audience; This story held our interest
23. definition=remain committed to | examples=I hold to these ideas
24. definition=resist or confront with resistance | synonyms=defy, withstand, hold up | examples=The politician defied public opinion; The new material withstands even the greatest wear and tear
25. definition=be pertinent or relevant or applicable | synonyms=apply, go for | examples=The same laws apply to you!; This theory holds for all irrational numbers
26. definition=stop dealing with | examples=hold all calls to the President's office while he is in a meeting
27. definition=lessen the intensity of; temper; hold in restraint; hold or keep within limits | synonyms=control, hold in, contain, check, curb, moderate | examples=moderate your alcohol intake; hold your tongue
28. definition=keep from departing | examples=Hold the taxi; Hold the horse
29. definition=take and maintain control over, often by violent means | examples=The dissatisfied students held the President's office for almost a week
30. definition=cause to stop | synonyms=halt, arrest | examples=Halt the engines; Arrest the progress
31. definition=cover as for protection against noise or smell | examples=She held her ears when the jackhammer started to operate; hold one's nose
32. definition=drink alcohol without showing ill effects | synonyms=carry | examples=He can hold his liquor; he had drunk more than he could carry
33. definition=aim, point, or direct | examples=Hold the fire extinguisher directly on the flames
34. definition=declare to be | synonyms=declare, adjudge | examples=She was declared incompetent; judge held that the defendant was innocent
35. definition=be in accord; be in agreement | synonyms=agree, concur, concord | examples=We agreed on the terms of the settlement; I can't agree with you!
36. definition=keep from exhaling or expelling | examples=hold your breath

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "The theory relies on three assumptions... If these assumptions <t>hold</t>, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma..."
    *   Target word: "hold"
    *   Meaning in context: If the assumptions are true, valid, or applicable.

    *   1: keep in a certain state (No)
    *   2: have in hands (No)
    *   3: organize (No)
    *   4: possess (No)
    *   5: keep in mind/conviction (No)
    *   6: maintain (theory/thoughts) (No - this is about *having* the theory, not the theory being *true*)
    *   7: close within bounds (No)
    *   8: secure for future use (No)
    *   9: have rightfully (No)
    *   10: physical support (No)
    *   11: contain (No)
    *   12: have room for (No)
    *   13: remain in a certain state (No)
    *   14: support in a certain manner (No)
    *   15: be valid, applicable, or true (Example: "This theory still holds") - *Strong candidate*
    *   16: assert or affirm (No)
    *   17: have as a major characteristic (No)
    *   18: be capable of holding (No)
    *   19: reserve (No)
    *   20: protect against attack (No)
    *   21: bind by obligation (No)
    *   22: hold attention (No)
    *   23: remain committed to (No)
    *   24: resist or confront (No)
    *   25: be pertinent or relevant or applicable (Example: "This theory holds for all irrational numbers") - *Close, but 15 is more general for "being true".*
    *   26: stop dealing with (No)
    *   27: lessen intensity (No)
    *   28: keep from departing (No)
    *   29: take control (No)
    *   30: cause to stop (No)
    *   31: cover for protection (No)
    *   32: drink alcohol (No)
    *   33: aim, point, or direct (No)
    *   34: declare to be (No)
    *   35: be in accord (No)
    *   36: keep from exhaling (No)

    *   Sense 15: "be valid, applicable, or true | synonyms=prevail, obtain | examples=This theory still holds"
    *   Sense 25: "be pertinent or relevant or applicable | synonyms=apply, go for | examples=The same laws apply to you!; This theory holds for all irrational numbers"

    In the context "If these assumptions hold", it means "If these assumptions are true/valid". This matches Sense 15 perfectly. Sense 25 is more about applicability to a specific case ("holds for all irrational numbers").

    The context says "If these assumptions hold", which is a standard way of saying "If these assumptions are true". Sense 15's example "This theory still holds" is almost identical in usage.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "race" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in <t>races</t> for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies.

Senses:
1. definition=any competition | examples=the race for the presidency
2. definition=a contest of speed | examples=the race is to the swift
3. definition=people who are believed to belong to the same genetic stock | examples=some biologists doubt that there are important genetic differences between races of human beings
4. definition=(biology) a taxonomic group that is a division of a species; usually arises as a consequence of geographical isolation within a species | synonyms=subspecies
5. definition=the flow of air that is driven backwards by an aircraft propeller | synonyms=slipstream, airstream, backwash, wash
6. definition=a canal for a current of water | synonyms=raceway

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "If these assumptions hold, voters in <t>races</t> for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma..."
    *   Target word: "races"
    *   Surrounding words: "voters in races for Congress"

    *   Sense 1: any competition (Example: the race for the presidency)
    *   Sense 2: a contest of speed (Example: the race is to the swift)
    *   Sense 3: people who are believed to belong to the same genetic stock (Example: genetic differences between races of human beings)
    *   Sense 4: (biology) a taxonomic group (subspecies)
    *   Sense 5: flow of air from a propeller (slipstream)
    *   Sense 6: a canal for water (raceway)

    *   The context refers to "races for Congress."
    *   This refers to political elections/competitions for seats in Congress.
    *   This matches Sense 1: "any competition" (specifically political competitions).

    *   Sense 1: Competition (Political race) - Matches.
    *   Sense 2: Speed - Does not match.
    *   Sense 3: Ethnicity/Genetic stock - Does not match.
    *   Sense 4: Biology/Subspecies - Does not match.
    *   Sense 5: Airflow - Does not match.
    *   Sense 6: Water canal - Does not match.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "face" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress <t>face</t> what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies.

Senses:
1. definition=deal with (something unpleasant) head on | synonyms=confront, face up | examples=You must confront your problems; He faced the terrible consequences of his mistakes
2. definition=oppose, as in hostility or a competition | synonyms=confront | examples=You must confront your opponent; Jackson faced Smith in the boxing ring
3. definition=be oriented in a certain direction, often with respect to another reference point; be opposite to | synonyms=front, look | examples=The house looks north; My backyard look onto the pond
4. definition=be opposite | examples=the facing page; the two sofas face each other
5. definition=turn so as to face; turn the face in a certain direction | examples=Turn and face your partner now
6. definition=present somebody with something, usually to accuse or criticize | synonyms=confront, present | examples=We confronted him with the evidence; He was faced with all the evidence and could no longer deny his actions
7. definition=turn so as to expose the face | examples=face a playing card
8. definition=line the edge (of a garment) with a different material | examples=face the lapels of the jacket
9. definition=cover the front or surface of | examples=The building was faced with beautiful stones

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress <t>face</t> what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma..."
    *   Target word: "face"
    *   Meaning in context: The voters are encountered with or are in a situation where they must deal with a "prisoner's dilemma."

    *   Sense 1: deal with (something unpleasant) head on (confront, face up). Example: "You must confront your problems."
    *   Sense 2: oppose, as in hostility or a competition (confront). Example: "Jackson faced Smith in the boxing ring."
    *   Sense 3: be oriented in a certain direction. Example: "The house looks north."
    *   Sense 4: be opposite. Example: "the facing page."
    *   Sense 5: turn so as to face. Example: "Turn and face your partner now."
    *   Sense 6: present somebody with something, usually to accuse or criticize (confront, present). Example: "He was faced with all the evidence..."
    *   Sense 7: turn so as to expose the face. Example: "face a playing card."
    *   Sense 8: line the edge (of a garment). Example: "face the lapels of the jacket."
    *   Sense 9: cover the front or surface of. Example: "The building was faced with beautiful stones."

    *   The phrase "face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma" means the voters are confronted with or are in a situation where they must deal with this dilemma.
    *   Sense 1 ("deal with (something unpleasant) head on") fits well.
    *   Sense 6 ("present somebody with something, usually to accuse or criticize") is close, but the "accuse or criticize" part doesn't fit the context of a theoretical dilemma.
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 1. "Deal with (something unpleasant) head on" or "be confronted with." In the context of "facing a dilemma," it means being in a situation where one must deal with it.

    *   "Voters... face... a prisoner's dilemma."
    *   This is a common usage meaning "to be confronted with a problem or situation."
    *   Sense 1: "deal with (something unpleasant) head on | synonyms=confront, face up".
    *   Sense 6: "present somebody with something, usually to accuse or criticize | synonyms=confront, present".
    *   Comparing 1 and 6: Sense 1 is about the person experiencing the situation (the voters face the dilemma). Sense 6 is more about someone *else* presenting something to them (e.g., "The police faced him with the evidence").
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the most appropriate.

    *   Wait, let me double-check if there's a better fit.
    *   "Face a dilemma" is a standard expression.
    *   Sense 1: "deal with (something unpleasant) head on".
    *   Is a prisoner's dilemma "unpleasant"? Yes, usually.
    *   Is "confront" a synonym? Yes.
    *   Let's look at Sense 6 again: "present somebody with something, usually to accuse or criticize". This is definitely not it.

    *   Sense 1: "deal with (something unpleasant) head on"
    *   Context: "voters... face... a prisoner's dilemma"
    *   This matches the meaning of being confronted by a difficult situation.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "have" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and <t>have</t> an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies.

Senses:
1. definition=have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense | synonyms=have got, hold | examples=She has $1,000 in the bank; He has got two beautiful daughters
2. definition=have as a feature | synonyms=feature | examples=This restaurant features the most famous chefs in France
3. definition=go through (mental or physical states or experiences) | synonyms=experience, receive, get | examples=get an idea; experience vertigo
4. definition=have ownership or possession of | synonyms=own, possess | examples=He owns three houses in Florida; How many cars does she have?
5. definition=cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition | synonyms=get, let | examples=He got his squad on the ball; This let me in for a big surprise
6. definition=serve oneself to, or consume regularly | synonyms=consume, ingest, take in, take | examples=Have another bowl of chicken soup!; I don't take sugar in my coffee
7. definition=have a personal or business relationship with someone | examples=have a postdoc; have an assistant
8. definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, make, give | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
9. definition=have left | examples=I have two years left; I don't have any money left
10. definition=be confronted with | examples=What do we have here?; Now we have a fine mess
11. definition=undergo | synonyms=experience | examples=The stocks had a fast run-up
12. definition=suffer from; be ill with | examples=She has arthritis
13. definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, get, make | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
14. definition=receive willingly something given or offered | synonyms=accept, take | examples=The only girl who would have him was the miller's daughter; I won't have this dog in my house!
15. definition=get something; come into possession of | synonyms=receive | examples=receive payment; receive a gift
16. definition=undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | synonyms=suffer, sustain, get | examples=She suffered a fracture in the accident; He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars
17. definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=get, make | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
18. definition=cause to be born | synonyms=give birth, deliver, bear, birth | examples=My wife had twins yesterday!
19. definition=have sex with; archaic use | synonyms=take | examples=He had taken this woman when she was most vulnerable

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and <t>have</t> an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic."
    *   Target word: "have"
    *   Phrase: "have an incentive"

    *   1: have or possess (concrete or abstract) - *Example: She has $1,000 in the bank; He has got two beautiful daughters.*
    *   2: have as a feature - *Example: This restaurant features the most famous chefs in France.*
    *   3: go through (mental or physical states or experiences) - *Example: get an idea; experience vertigo.*
    *   4: have ownership or possession of - *Example: He owns three houses in Florida.*
    *   5: cause to move/position - *Example: He got his squad on the ball.*
    *   6: consume - *Example: Have another bowl of chicken soup!*
    *   7: personal/business relationship - *Example: have a postdoc.*
    *   8: organize/responsible for - *Example: hold a reception.*
    *   9: have left - *Example: I have two years left.*
    *   10: be confronted with - *Example: What do we have here?*
    *   11: undergo - *Example: The stocks had a fast run-up.*
    *   12: suffer from/ill with - *Example: She has arthritis.*
    *   13: cause to do - *Example: The ads induced me to buy a VCR.*
    *   14: receive willingly - *Example: The only girl who would have him...*
    *   15: get something/come into possession of - *Example: receive payment.*
    *   16: undergo (injuries/illnesses) - *Example: She suffered a fracture.*
    *   17: achieve a point or goal - *Example: Nicklaus had a 70.*
    *   18: cause to be born - *Example: My wife had twins.*
    *   19: have sex with - *Example: He had taken this woman...*

    *   "have an incentive" means the voters possess a motivation or a reason to act in a certain way.
    *   An "incentive" is an abstract thing.
    *   Sense 1: "have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense". This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 4: "have ownership or possession of". This usually refers to concrete ownership (houses, cars).
    *   Sense 3: "go through (mental or physical states or experiences)". While an incentive is mental, "having an incentive" is more about possessing the motivation than experiencing a state like vertigo.

    *   "have an incentive" $\approx$ "possess an incentive" (abstract sense).
    *   Sense 1 specifically mentions "abstract sense".


[User]
Which numbered sense of "incentive" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an <t>incentive</t>, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies.

Senses:
1. definition=a positive motivational influence | synonyms=inducement, motivator
2. definition=an additional payment (or other remuneration) to employees as a means of increasing output | synonyms=bonus

reasoning_content:
*   Context: A passage discussing economic theory applied to voting behavior (Republican vs. Democratic candidates).
    *   Target word: "incentive" (marked with `<t></t>`).
    *   Sentence: "If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an <t>incentive</t>, at the margin, to lean Democratic."
    *   Senses:
        1.  a positive motivational influence (inducement, motivator).
        2.  an additional payment (or other remuneration) to employees as a means of increasing output (bonus).

    *   The text discusses why voters might choose one party over another based on expected benefits (local benefits, "bringing home the bacon").
    *   The "incentive" here refers to the motivation or reason for voters to "lean Democratic" to maximize their local benefits.
    *   It is not referring to a financial bonus paid to an employee.

    *   Sense 1: "a positive motivational influence" fits perfectly. The potential for more local benefits acts as a motivator for the voter.
    *   Sense 2: "an additional payment... to employees" does not fit. Voters are not employees of the candidates in this context.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "lean" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to <t>lean</t> Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies.

Senses:
1. definition=to incline or bend from a vertical position | synonyms=tilt, tip, slant, angle | examples=She leaned over the banister
2. definition=cause to lean or incline | examples=He leaned his rifle against the wall
3. definition=have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined | synonyms=tend, be given, incline, run | examples=She tends to be nervous before her lectures; These dresses run small
4. definition=rely on for support | examples=We can lean on this man
5. definition=cause to lean to the side | synonyms=list | examples=Erosion listed the old tree

reasoning_content:
*   Context: "...voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to <t>lean</t> Democratic."
    *   Target word: "lean"
    *   Meaning in context: In this sentence, "lean Democratic" means to have a tendency or preference for the Democratic party/candidate in a specific situation (at the margin).

    *   Sense 1: "to incline or bend from a vertical position" (Physical tilt). -> Incorrect.
    *   Sense 2: "cause to lean or incline" (Physical action). -> Incorrect.
    *   Sense 3: "have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined" (Tendency/Inclination). -> This fits perfectly. "Lean Democratic" means to be inclined toward the Democratic party.
    *   Sense 4: "rely on for support" (Dependence). -> Incorrect.
    *   Sense 5: "cause to lean to the side" (List). -> Incorrect.

    *   The context describes a preference or tendency based on economic incentives.
    *   Sense 3 defines "lean" as having a tendency or disposition.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "democratic" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the context below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Context: A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean <t>Democratic</t>. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies.

Senses:
1. definition=characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality; ; ; - George du Maurier | examples=democratic government; a democratic country
2. definition=belong to or relating to the Democratic Party | examples=Democratic senator
3. definition=representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large | synonyms=popular | examples=democratic art forms; a democratic or popular movement

reasoning_content:
*   Context: A text discussing economic theory regarding voters' choices between "Republican" and "Democratic" brands/candidates for Congress.
    *   Target word: `<t>Democratic</t>` in the sentence "voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean <t>Democratic</t>."
    *   Senses:
        1.  Principles of democracy/social equality (e.g., democratic government).
        2.  Relating to the Democratic Party (e.g., Democratic senator).
        3.  Representing/appealing to the people at large (e.g., democratic art forms).

    *   The text explicitly contrasts "Republican brand" and "Democratic brand".
    *   It mentions "Republican congressional representatives" and "Democratic members of Congress".
    *   The phrase "lean Democratic" in the context of "races for Congress" refers to voting for or supporting the Democratic Party.

    *   Sense 1: General democracy/equality. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Democratic Party. (Correct)
    *   Sense 3: Popular/for the people. (Incorrect)

The correct sense is 2.