[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: there
Target surface form: there
Context:
A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan. This test was the first to predict reliably whether an individual could expect to develop cancer. Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results <t>there</t> soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=there%4:02:00:: | definition=in or at that place | synonyms=at that place, in that location | examples=they have lived there for years; it's not there
2. sense_key=there%4:02:02:: | definition=in that matter | synonyms=in that respect, on that point | examples=I agree with you there
3. sense_key=there%4:02:01:: | definition=to or toward that place; away from the speaker | synonyms=thither | examples=go there around noon!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "there"
    *   Target surface form: "there"
    *   Context: "...I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results <t>there</t> soon."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses genetic probes, cancer-suppressor genes, and basic research into the workings of cancer. Samuel Broder (director of the National Cancer Institute) is speaking about how basic research (which might not be obvious to the public) will start showing results.

    *   Sense 1: "in or at that place" (spatial location).
    *   Sense 2: "in that matter" (in that respect, on that point).
    *   Sense 3: "to or toward that place" (directional).

    *   The sentence is: "...I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon."
    *   Does "there" refer to a physical place? No.
    *   Does "there" refer to a direction? No.
    *   Does "there" refer to "in that matter" or "in that respect"? Yes. In this context, "there" refers to the area of basic research or the specific problem of cancer mentioned previously. It means "in that area of study" or "in that respect."

    *   Sense 1 (place) is incorrect.
    *   Sense 2 (matter/respect) fits perfectly. "Showing results in that matter/respect."
    *   Sense 3 (direction) is incorrect.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: make
Target surface form: made
Context:
This test was the first to predict reliably whether an individual could expect to develop cancer. Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja <t>made</t> his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=make%2:41:00:: | definition=engage in | synonyms=do | examples=make love, not war; make an effort
2. sense_key=make%2:30:00:: | definition=give certain properties to something | synonyms=get | examples=get someone mad; She made us look silly
3. sense_key=make%2:36:00:: | definition=make or cause to be or to become | synonyms=create | examples=make a mess in one's office; create a furor
4. sense_key=make%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, have, get | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
5. sense_key=make%2:36:08:: | definition=give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally | synonyms=cause, do | examples=cause a commotion; make a stir
6. sense_key=make%2:36:01:: | definition=create or manufacture a man-made product | synonyms=produce, create | examples=We produce more cars than we can sell; The company has been making toys for two centuries
7. sense_key=make%2:31:00:: | definition=make, formulate, or derive in the mind | synonyms=draw | examples=I draw a line here; draw a conclusion
8. sense_key=make%2:36:15:: | definition=compel or make somebody or something to act in a certain way | examples=People cannot be made to integrate just by passing a law!; Heat makes you sweat
9. sense_key=make%2:36:09:: | definition=create by artistic means | synonyms=create | examples=create a poem; Schoenberg created twelve-tone music
10. sense_key=make%2:40:01:: | definition=earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages | synonyms=gain, take in, clear, earn, realize, realise | examples=How much do you make a month in your new job?; She earns a lot in her new job
11. sense_key=make%2:36:05:: | definition=create or design, often in a certain way | synonyms=do | examples=Do my room in blue; I did this piece in wood to express my love for the forest
12. sense_key=make%2:42:05:: | definition=to compose or represent: | synonyms=form, constitute | examples=This wall forms the background of the stage setting; The branches made a roof
13. sense_key=make%2:38:02:: | definition=reach a goal, e.g., | synonyms=reach, get to, progress to | examples=make the first team; We made it!
14. sense_key=make%2:42:00:: | definition=be or be capable of being changed or made into | examples=He makes a great host; He will make a fine father
15. sense_key=make%2:36:11:: | definition=make by shaping or bringing together constituents | examples=make a dress; make a cake
16. sense_key=make%2:36:12:: | definition=perform or carry out | examples=make a decision; make a move
17. sense_key=make%2:36:13:: | definition=make by combining materials and parts | synonyms=construct, build | examples=this little pig made his house out of straw; Some eccentric constructed an electric brassiere warmer
18. sense_key=make%2:30:15:: | definition=change from one form into another | examples=make water into wine; make lead into gold
19. sense_key=make%2:29:08:: | definition=act in a certain way so as to acquire | examples=make friends; make enemies
20. sense_key=make%2:41:03:: | definition=charge with a function; charge to be | synonyms=name, nominate | examples=She was named Head of the Committee; She was made president of the club
21. sense_key=make%2:40:02:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=have, get | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
22. sense_key=make%2:38:00:: | definition=reach a destination, either real or abstract | synonyms=reach, attain, hit, arrive at, gain | examples=We hit Detroit by noon; The water reached the doorstep
23. sense_key=make%2:31:13:: | definition=institute, enact, or establish | synonyms=lay down, establish | examples=make laws
24. sense_key=make%2:41:13:: | definition=carry out or commit | examples=make a mistake; commit a faux-pas
25. sense_key=make%2:41:01:: | definition=form by assembling individuals or constituents | examples=Make a quorum
26. sense_key=make%2:36:04:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, have, give | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
27. sense_key=make%2:30:02:: | definition=put in order or neaten | synonyms=make up | examples=make the bed; make up a room
28. sense_key=make%2:38:05:: | definition=head into a specified direction | synonyms=take | examples=The escaped convict took to the hills; We made for the mountains
29. sense_key=make%2:29:00:: | definition=have a bowel movement | synonyms=stool, defecate, shit, take a shit, take a crap, ca-ca | examples=The dog had made in the flower beds
30. sense_key=make%2:42:09:: | definition=undergo fabrication or creation | examples=This wool makes into a nice sweater
31. sense_key=make%2:42:13:: | definition=be suitable for | examples=Wood makes good furniture
32. sense_key=make%2:42:12:: | definition=add up to | examples=four and four make eight
33. sense_key=make%2:42:11:: | definition=amount to | examples=This salary increase makes no difference to my standard of living
34. sense_key=make%2:42:15:: | definition=constitute the essence of | examples=Clothes make the man
35. sense_key=make%2:39:12:: | definition=appear to begin an activity | examples=He made to speak but said nothing in the end; She made as if to say hello to us
36. sense_key=make%2:38:10:: | definition=proceed along a path | synonyms=work | examples=work one's way through the crowd; make one's way into the forest
37. sense_key=make%2:38:15:: | definition=reach in time | examples=We barely made the plane
38. sense_key=make%2:36:10:: | definition=gather and light the materials for | examples=make a fire
39. sense_key=make%2:36:07:: | definition=prepare for eating by applying heat | synonyms=cook, fix, ready, prepare | examples=Cook me dinner, please; can you make me an omelette?
40. sense_key=make%2:35:13:: | definition=induce to have sex | synonyms=seduce, score | examples=Harry finally seduced Sally; Did you score last night?
41. sense_key=make%2:32:14:: | definition=assure the success of | examples=A good review by this critic will make your play!
42. sense_key=make%2:32:09:: | definition=represent fictitiously, as in a play, or pretend to be or act like | synonyms=pretend, make believe | examples=She makes like an actress
43. sense_key=make%2:31:10:: | definition=consider as being | examples=It wasn't the problem some people made it
44. sense_key=make%2:31:12:: | definition=calculate as being | examples=I make the height about 100 feet
45. sense_key=make%2:30:10:: | definition=cause to be enjoyable or pleasurable | examples=make my day
46. sense_key=make%2:30:14:: | definition=favor the development of | examples=Practice makes the winner
47. sense_key=make%2:30:12:: | definition=develop into | examples=He will make a splendid father!
48. sense_key=make%2:29:06:: | definition=behave in a certain way | examples=make merry
49. sense_key=make%2:29:01:: | definition=eliminate urine | synonyms=urinate, piddle, puddle, micturate, piss, pee | examples=Again, the cat had made on the expensive rug

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 16}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 16}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `make`
    *   Target surface form: `made`
    *   Context: "Dr. Dryja <t>made</t> his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986."
    *   Meaning: Dr. Dryja achieved or performed the act of discovering the retinoblastoma gene.

    *   1: engage in (do) - "make love", "make an effort"
    *   2: give certain properties to something - "get someone mad"
    *   3: make or cause to be or to become (create) - "make a mess"
    *   4: cause to do - "induce me to buy"
    *   5: give rise to; cause to happen or occur - "cause a commotion"
    *   6: create or manufacture a man-made product - "produce more cars"
    *   7: make, formulate, or derive in the mind (draw) - "draw a conclusion"
    *   8: compel or make somebody to act - "made to integrate"
    *   9: create by artistic means - "create a poem"
    *   10: earn money - "make a month"
    *   11: create or design - "do my room in blue"
    *   12: compose or represent (form) - "branches made a roof"
    *   13: reach a goal - "make the first team"
    *   14: be or be capable of being changed into - "make a fine father"
    *   15: make by shaping constituents - "make a dress"
    *   16: perform or carry out - "make a decision", "make a move"
    *   17: make by combining materials - "made his house out of straw"
    *   18: change from one form into another - "make water into wine"
    *   19: act in a certain way so as to acquire - "make friends"
    *   20: charge with a function - "made president"
    *   21: achieve a point or goal (score) - "got 4 goals"
    *   22: reach a destination - "hit Detroit"
    *   23: institute, enact, or establish - "make laws"
    *   24: carry out or commit - "make a mistake"
    *   25: form by assembling individuals - "make a quorum"
    *   26: organize or be responsible for - "hold a reception"
    *   27: put in order or neaten - "make the bed"
    *   28: head into a specified direction - "made for the mountains"
    *   29: bowel movement
    *   30: undergo fabrication
    *   31: be suitable for
    *   32: add up to
    *   33: amount to
    *   34: constitute the essence of
    *   35: appear to begin an activity
    *   36: proceed along a path
    *   37: reach in time
    *   38: gather and light materials for (fire)
    *   39: prepare for eating
    *   40: induce to have sex
    *   41: assure the success of
    *   42: represent fictitiously
    *   43: consider as being
    *   44: calculate as being
    *   45: cause to be enjoyable
    *   46: favor the development of
    *   47: develop into
    *   48: behave in a certain way
    *   49: eliminate urine

    *   "Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986."
    *   Is it "perform or carry out" (Sense 16)? "Make a discovery" is a common collocation.
    *   Is it "make, formulate, or derive in the mind" (Sense 7)? "Draw a conclusion" is similar, but "discovery" is more of an achievement/action.
    *   Is it "give rise to; cause to happen" (Sense 5)? No.
    *   Is it "create or manufacture" (Sense 6)? No.
    *   Is it "carry out or commit" (Sense 24)? "Make a mistake" is usually for negative things.
    *   Let's look at Sense 16 again: "perform or carry out" (examples: "make a decision", "make a move"). "Make a discovery" fits well here as performing the act of discovering.

    *   Sense 16: "perform or carry out" (make a decision, make a move).
    *   Sense 7: "make, formulate, or derive in the mind" (draw a conclusion).
    *   Sense 1: "engage in" (make an effort).
    *   Sense 24: "carry out or commit" (make a mistake).

    Wait, "make a discovery" is a very standard phrase. Let's re-evaluate Sense 16. "Perform or carry out" fits "make a discovery" better than the others.

    Let's double-check if there's a better one.
    Sense 16: perform or carry out.
    Sense 7: make, formulate, or derive in the mind.
    Sense 1: engage in.

    Comparing "make a discovery" to "make a decision" (Sense 16) and "draw a conclusion" (Sense 7). A discovery is an act of finding something, which is more like performing an action (Sense 16) than deriving a conclusion (Sense 7).

    Wait, let me look at Sense 16 again. "perform or carry out".
    Let me look at Sense 1. "engage in".
    Let me look at Sense 24. "carry out or commit".

    Actually, "make a discovery" is often categorized under "perform or carry out" in many WSD datasets (like SemCor) when using WordNet.

    Let's re-read the context: "Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986."
    This is clearly the act of discovering.

    Sense 16: perform or carry out.
    Sense 7: make, formulate, or derive in the mind.
    Sense 1: engage in.

    If I have to choose the *best* one:
    "Make a discovery" is an action. "Make a decision" is an action. "Make a move" is an action.
    "Draw a conclusion" is a mental process.
    "Make a mistake" is an error.

    Sense 16 seems the most appropriate.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: discovery
Target surface form: discovery
Context:
This test was the first to predict reliably whether an individual could expect to develop cancer. Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma <t>discovery</t> in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=discovery%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of discovering something | synonyms=find, uncovering
2. sense_key=discovery%1:10:00:: | definition=something that is discovered
3. sense_key=discovery%1:09:00:: | definition=a productive insight | synonyms=breakthrough, find
4. sense_key=discovery%1:10:01:: | definition=(law) compulsory pretrial disclosure of documents relevant to a case; enables one side in a litigation to elicit information from the other side concerning the facts in the case

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `discovery`
    *   Target surface form: `discovery`
    *   Context: "Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma <t>discovery</t> in 1986."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses the identification of a gene that controls retinal cell growth, which opened a field of cancer study. It mentions "fundamental insights" and "finding a gene called p53".

    *   Sense 1: `discovery%1:04:00::` - the act of discovering something (the process/action).
    *   Sense 2: `discovery%1:10:00::` - something that is discovered (the object/result).
    *   Sense 3: `discovery%1:09:00::` - a productive insight (breakthrough, find).
    *   Sense 4: `discovery%1:10:01::` - (law) compulsory pretrial disclosure.

    *   The sentence is "Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986."
    *   Is it the *act* of discovering (Sense 1)? While he did the act, "his retinoblastoma discovery" refers more to the *result* or the *breakthrough* itself.
    *   Is it *something that is discovered* (Sense 2)? Yes, the gene/finding is something discovered.
    *   Is it a *productive insight/breakthrough* (Sense 3)? Yes, the context emphasizes that this discovery "opened a field of cancer study" and provided "fundamental insights". This makes it a "breakthrough" or a "find".
    *   Is it legal discovery (Sense 4)? No.

    *   Sense 2 is very general ("something that is discovered").
    *   Sense 3 is more specific ("a productive insight", "breakthrough", "find").
    *   In scientific contexts, identifying a gene that opens a whole new field of study is typically characterized as a "breakthrough" or a "find" (Sense 3) rather than just any random object that was found (Sense 2).
    *   Looking at the synonyms for Sense 3: "breakthrough, find". "Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma find/breakthrough in 1986." This fits perfectly.

    *   Sense 1: "the act of discovering" (e.g., "The discovery of the gene took years").
    *   Sense 2: "something that is discovered" (e.g., "The discovery was a small piece of gold").
    *   Sense 3: "a productive insight" (e.g., "The discovery of penicillin changed medicine").
    *   The context "opened a field of cancer study" strongly aligns with "productive insight" or "breakthrough".

    *   Sense 3 is the most precise fit for a scientific breakthrough.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: then
Target surface form: Then
Context:
Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. <t>Then</t> last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=then%4:02:00:: | definition=subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors) | synonyms=so, and so, and then | examples=then he left; go left first, then right
2. sense_key=then%4:02:02:: | definition=in that case or as a consequence | examples=if he didn't take it, then who did?; keep it then if you want to
3. sense_key=then%4:02:01:: | definition=at that time | examples=I was young then; prices were lower back then

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "then"
    *   Target surface form: "Then"
    *   Context: "Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. <t>Then</t> last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `then%4:02:00::`: subsequently or soon afterward (sentence connector).
        2.  `then%4:02:02::`: in that case or as a consequence.
        3.  `then%4:02:01::`: at that time.

    *   The sentence is: "Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53..."
    *   The word "Then" connects two events in a chronological sequence:
        *   Event 1: Discovery in 1986.
        *   Event 2: Researchers reported finding p53 last spring.
    *   "Then" here means "after that" or "subsequently".

    *   Sense 1: "subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)". This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "in that case or as a consequence". This does not fit; the discovery of p53 wasn't a logical consequence of the 1986 discovery in a conditional sense.
    *   Sense 3: "at that time". This usually refers back to a specific time already mentioned (e.g., "I was young then"). While "Then last spring" might seem to point to a time, "Then" is acting as a sequence marker here ("First X happened, then Y happened").

    *   The structure "Event A. Then Event B" is a classic use of "then" as a sequence marker (subsequently).

    *   Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: last
Target surface form: last
Context:
Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then <t>last</t> spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=last%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=immediately past | examples=last Thursday; the last chapter we read
2. sense_key=last%3:00:00:: | definition=coming after all others in time or space or degree or being the only one remaining | examples=the last time I saw Paris; the last day of the month
3. sense_key=last%5:00:00:closing:00 | definition=occurring at or forming an end or termination | synonyms=concluding, final, terminal | examples=his concluding words came as a surprise; the final chapter
4. sense_key=last%5:00:00:unlikely:00 | definition=most unlikely or unsuitable | examples=the last person we would have suspected; the last man they would have chosen for the job
5. sense_key=last%5:00:00:dying:00 | definition=occurring at the time of death | examples=his last words; the last rites
6. sense_key=last%5:00:00:ultimate:00 | definition=conclusive in a process or progression | synonyms=final, net | examples=the final answer; a last resort
7. sense_key=last%5:00:00:high:02 | definition=highest in extent or degree | synonyms=utmost | examples=to the last measure of human endurance; whether they were accomplices in the last degree or a lesser one was...to be determined individually
8. sense_key=last%5:00:00:unalterable:00 | definition=not to be altered or undone | synonyms=final | examples=the judge's decision is final; the arbiter will have the last say
9. sense_key=last%5:00:00:worst:00 | definition=lowest in rank or importance | synonyms=last-place, lowest | examples=last prize; in last place

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `last`
    *   Target surface form: `last`
    *   Context: "Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then <t>last</t> spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `immediately past` (e.g., last Thursday)
        2.  `coming after all others in time or space or degree or being the only one remaining` (e.g., the last day of the month)
        3.  `occurring at or forming an end or termination` (e.g., the final chapter)
        4.  `most unlikely or unsuitable` (e.g., the last person we would have suspected)
        5.  `occurring at the time of death` (e.g., his last words)
        6.  `conclusive in a process or progression` (e.g., the final answer)
        7.  `highest in extent or degree` (e.g., to the last measure)
        8.  `not to be altered or undone` (e.g., the judge's decision is final)
        9.  `lowest in rank or importance` (e.g., last prize)

    *   The phrase is "last spring".
    *   In this context, "last spring" refers to the spring immediately preceding the time of the report/writing.
    *   This matches the definition "immediately past".

    *   Sense 1: "immediately past" (Example: "last Thursday"). This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "coming after all others in time..." (Example: "the last day of the month"). This refers to the final one in a sequence, not the most recent one.
    *   Sense 3: "occurring at or forming an end..." (Example: "the final chapter"). This refers to the end of a sequence.
    *   Senses 4-9: Clearly irrelevant.

    *   The target word "last" in "last spring" means the most recent spring that has passed. This is exactly what "immediately past" describes.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: spring
Target surface form: spring
Context:
Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last <t>spring</t>, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=spring%1:28:00:: | definition=the season of growth | synonyms=springtime | examples=the emerging buds were a sure sign of spring; he will hold office until the spring of next year
2. sense_key=spring%1:06:00:: | definition=a metal elastic device that returns to its shape or position when pushed or pulled or pressed | examples=the spring was broken
3. sense_key=spring%1:17:00:: | definition=a natural flow of ground water | synonyms=fountain, outflow, outpouring, natural spring
4. sense_key=spring%1:15:00:: | definition=a point at which water issues forth
5. sense_key=spring%1:07:00:: | definition=the elasticity of something that can be stretched and returns to its original length | synonyms=give, springiness
6. sense_key=spring%1:04:00:: | definition=a light, self-propelled movement upwards or forwards | synonyms=leap, leaping, saltation, bound, bounce

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "spring"
    *   Target surface form: "spring"
    *   Context: "Then last <t>spring</t>, researchers reported finding a gene called p53..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `spring%1:28:00::` (the season of growth)
        2.  `spring%1:06:00::` (a metal elastic device)
        3.  `spring%1:17:00::` (a natural flow of ground water)
        4.  `spring%1:15:00::` (a point at which water issues forth)
        5.  `spring%1:07:00::` (the elasticity of something)
        6.  `spring%1:04:00::` (a light, self-propelled movement)

    *   The sentence is: "Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53..."
    *   "last spring" clearly refers to a time period, specifically the season.

    *   Sense 1: "the season of growth" (Matches perfectly).
    *   Sense 2: "a metal elastic device" (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 3: "a natural flow of ground water" (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 4: "a point at which water issues forth" (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 5: "the elasticity of something" (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 6: "a light, self-propelled movement" (Incorrect).

    *   The correct sense index is 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: report
Target surface form: reported
Context:
Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers <t>reported</t> finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=report%2:32:00:: | definition=to give an account or representation of in words | synonyms=describe, account | examples=Discreet Italian police described it in a manner typically continental
2. sense_key=report%2:32:04:: | definition=announce as the result of an investigation or experience or finding | examples=Dozens of incidents of wife beatings are reported daily in this city; The team reported significant advances in their research
3. sense_key=report%2:32:03:: | definition=announce one's presence | examples=I report to work every day at 9 o'clock
4. sense_key=report%2:32:01:: | definition=make known to the authorities | examples=One student reported the other to the principal
5. sense_key=report%2:32:13:: | definition=be responsible for reporting the details of, as in journalism | synonyms=cover | examples=Snow reported on China in the 1950's; The cub reporter covered New York City
6. sense_key=report%2:32:02:: | definition=complain about; make a charge against | examples=I reported her to the supervisor

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `report`
    *   Target surface form: `reported`
    *   Context: "...researchers <t>reported</t> finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `report%2:32:00::`: to give an account or representation of in words (describe, account).
        2.  `report%2:32:04::`: announce as the result of an investigation or experience or finding.
        3.  `report%2:32:03::`: announce one's presence (e.g., report to work).
        4.  `report%2:32:01::`: make known to the authorities.
        5.  `report%2:32:13::`: be responsible for reporting the details of, as in journalism (cover).
        6.  `report%2:32:02::`: complain about; make a charge against.

    *   The sentence is: "Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53..."
    *   The subject is "researchers".
    *   The object is "finding a gene called p53".
    *   This is a scientific context where researchers are announcing the results of their scientific investigation/discovery.

    *   Sense 1: "to give an account or representation of in words" (General description).
    *   Sense 2: "announce as the result of an investigation or experience or finding" (Specific to findings/investigations). Example: "The team reported significant advances in their research".
    *   Sense 3: "announce one's presence" (Not applicable).
    *   Sense 4: "make known to the authorities" (Not applicable).
    *   Sense 5: "be responsible for reporting the details of, as in journalism" (Not applicable).
    *   Sense 6: "complain about; make a charge against" (Not applicable).

    *   Sense 2 is a perfect match. It specifically mentions announcing the result of an investigation or finding, and the example "The team reported significant advances in their research" is almost identical in usage to "researchers reported finding a gene".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: find
Target surface form: finding
Context:
Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported <t>finding</t> a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=find%2:40:02:: | definition=come upon, as if by accident; meet with | synonyms=happen, chance, bump, encounter | examples=We find this idea in Plato; I happened upon the most wonderful bakery not very far from here
2. sense_key=find%2:39:02:: | definition=discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of | synonyms=detect, observe, discover, notice | examples=She detected high levels of lead in her drinking water; We found traces of lead in the paint
3. sense_key=find%2:40:00:: | definition=come upon after searching; find the location of something that was missed or lost | synonyms=regain | examples=Did you find your glasses?; I cannot find my gloves!
4. sense_key=find%2:32:00:: | definition=establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study | synonyms=determine, find out, ascertain | examples=find the product of two numbers; The physicist who found the elusive particle won the Nobel Prize
5. sense_key=find%2:31:10:: | definition=come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds | synonyms=feel | examples=I feel that he doesn't like me; I find him to be obnoxious
6. sense_key=find%2:39:01:: | definition=perceive or be contemporaneous with | synonyms=witness, see | examples=We found Republicans winning the offices; You'll see a lot of cheating in this school
7. sense_key=find%2:40:01:: | definition=get something or somebody for a specific purpose | synonyms=line up, get hold, come up | examples=I found this gadget that will serve as a bottle opener; I got hold of these tools to fix our plumbing
8. sense_key=find%2:36:00:: | definition=make a discovery, make a new finding | synonyms=discover | examples=Roentgen discovered X-rays; Physicists believe they found a new elementary particle
9. sense_key=find%2:31:09:: | definition=make a discovery | synonyms=discover | examples=She found that he had lied to her; The story is false, so far as I can discover
10. sense_key=find%2:40:03:: | definition=obtain through effort or management | examples=She found the time and energy to take care of her aging parents; We found the money to send our sons to college
11. sense_key=find%2:32:01:: | definition=decide on and make a declaration about | synonyms=rule | examples=find someone guilty
12. sense_key=find%2:30:00:: | definition=receive a specified treatment (abstract) | synonyms=receive, get, obtain, incur | examples=These aspects of civilization do not find expression or receive an interpretation; His movie received a good review
13. sense_key=find%2:39:05:: | definition=perceive oneself to be in a certain condition or place | examples=I found myself in a difficult situation; When he woke up, he found himself in a hospital room
14. sense_key=find%2:40:15:: | definition=get or find back; recover the use of | synonyms=recover, retrieve, regain | examples=She regained control of herself; She found her voice and replied quickly
15. sense_key=find%2:38:10:: | definition=succeed in reaching; arrive at | examples=The arrow found its mark
16. sense_key=find%2:30:13:: | definition=accept and make use of one's personality, abilities, and situation | synonyms=find oneself | examples=My son went to Berkeley to find himself

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 8}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 8}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `find`
    *   Target surface form: `finding`
    *   Context: "...researchers reported <t>finding</t> a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous."
    *   Meaning: Researchers discovered a specific gene (p53).

    *   1: come upon by accident (not the case here, this was research).
    *   2: discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of (detect, observe, discover, notice). Example: "detected high levels of lead".
    *   3: come upon after searching (lost/missed items).
    *   4: establish after calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study (determine, find out, ascertain). Example: "physicist who found the elusive particle".
    *   5: come to believe based on emotion/intuition (feel).
    *   6: perceive or be contemporaneous with (witness).
    *   7: get something for a specific purpose (line up).
    *   8: make a discovery, make a new finding (discover). Example: "Roentgen discovered X-rays; Physicists believe they found a new elementary particle".
    *   9: make a discovery (discover). Example: "She found that he had lied to her".
    *   10: obtain through effort (time/money).
    *   11: decide/declare (rule).
    *   12: receive treatment (abstract).
    *   13: perceive oneself in a condition/place.
    *   14: recover/retrieve.
    *   15: succeed in reaching (arrow found its mark).
    *   16: find oneself (personality/abilities).

    *   The context is scientific research.
    *   The action is "finding a gene called p53".
    *   This is a scientific discovery.
    *   Sense 2: "discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of" (detect, observe, discover, notice).
    *   Sense 4: "establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study" (determine, find out, ascertain).
    *   Sense 8: "make a discovery, make a new finding" (discover). Example: "Physicists believe they found a new elementary particle".
    *   Sense 9: "make a discovery" (discover). Example: "She found that he had lied to her".

    *   Sense 8 specifically mentions "make a discovery, make a new finding" and gives the example of physicists finding a new elementary particle. This is very close to researchers finding a gene.
    *   Sense 4 is about establishing a fact or result through study.
    *   Sense 2 is about detecting the presence of something.
    *   Comparing Sense 8 and Sense 4: Sense 8's example ("Physicists believe they found a new elementary particle") is almost identical in nature to "researchers reported finding a gene".
    *   Comparing Sense 8 and Sense 2: Sense 2 is more about detection ("detected high levels of lead"). Finding a gene for the first time is more of a discovery (Sense 8).

    *   Sense 8: "make a discovery, make a new finding | synonyms=discover | examples=Roentgen discovered X-rays; Physicists believe they found a new elementary particle"
    *   This fits perfectly.

    *   Sense 4: "establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study | synonyms=determine, find out, ascertain | examples=find the product of two numbers; The physicist who found the elusive particle won the Nobel Prize"
    *   Wait, Sense 4 also has a physicist example. Let's look closer.
    *   Sense 8: "make a discovery, make a new finding"
    *   Sense 4: "establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study"
    *   The context says "researchers reported finding a gene". This is a discovery of a new entity (the p53 gene).
    *   Looking at the examples again:
        *   Sense 8: "Roentgen discovered X-rays; Physicists believe they found a new elementary particle"
        *   Sense 4: "The physicist who found the elusive particle won the Nobel Prize"
    *   Actually, Sense 8 and Sense 4 are very similar. Let's check Sense 2 again.
    *   Sense 2: "discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of | synonyms=detect, observe, discover, notice | examples=She detected high levels of lead in her drinking water; We found traces of lead in the paint"
    *   The gene p53 was already known to exist in some contexts, but its role or its presence in certain cancers was the discovery. However, the sentence says "finding a gene called p53", which sounds like the discovery of the gene itself.

    *   Sense 8: "make a discovery, make a new finding"
    *   Sense 4: "establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study"
    *   Sense 2: "discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of"
    *   In many WordNet-based datasets, "finding a gene" or "finding a particle" is mapped to the "discovery" sense.
    *   Let's re-read Sense 8: "make a discovery, make a new finding".
    *   Let's re-read Sense 4: "establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study".
    *   The act of "finding a gene" is the discovery itself. Sense 8 is the most direct fit for "making a discovery".

    *   Sense 8: "make a discovery, make a new finding" (Roentgen discovered X-rays).
    *   Sense 4: "establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study" (find the product of two numbers).
    *   The discovery of the p53 gene is a scientific discovery of a new entity/fact. Sense 8 is the most appropriate.

    *   Wait, let me double-check Sense 2 again. "discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of".
    *   If the researchers "found" the gene in the sense of detecting it in the DNA, Sense 2 might work. But "finding a gene called p53" usually refers to the discovery of the gene's existence and function.
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 8: "discover".
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 2: "detect, observe, discover, notice".
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 4: "determine, find out, ascertain".
    *   The context "researchers reported finding a gene" is a classic "discovery" scenario. Sense 8's example "Physicists believe they found a new elementary particle" is a near-perfect match for "researchers reported finding a gene".

    *   Sense 8: "make a discovery, make a new finding"
    *   Sense 4: "establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study"
    *   Sense 2: "discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of"
    *   Sense 9: "make a discovery" (Example: "She found that he had lied to her") - this is more about discovering a fact/truth.
    *   Sense 8 is specifically about scientific discovery (X-rays, elementary particle).

    *   Sense 8 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: call
Target surface form: called
Context:
Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene <t>called</t> p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=call%2:32:02:: | definition=assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to | synonyms=name | examples=They named their son David; The new school was named after the famous Civil Rights leader
2. sense_key=call%2:32:00:: | definition=ascribe a quality to or give a name of a common noun that reflects a quality | examples=He called me a bastard; She called her children lazy and ungrateful
3. sense_key=call%2:32:01:: | definition=get or try to get into communication (with someone) by telephone | synonyms=telephone, call up, phone, ring | examples=I tried to call you all night; Take two aspirin and call me in the morning
4. sense_key=call%2:32:09:: | definition=utter a sudden loud cry | synonyms=shout, shout out, cry, yell, scream, holler | examples=she cried with pain when the doctor inserted the needle; I yelled to her from the window but she couldn't hear me
5. sense_key=call%2:32:05:: | definition=order, request, or command to come | synonyms=send for | examples=She was called into the director's office; Call the police!
6. sense_key=call%2:41:00:: | definition=pay a brief visit | synonyms=visit, call in | examples=The mayor likes to call on some of the prominent citizens
7. sense_key=call%2:41:04:: | definition=call a meeting; invite or command to meet | examples=The Wannsee Conference was called to discuss the `Final Solution'; The new dean calls meetings every week
8. sense_key=call%2:32:13:: | definition=read aloud to check for omissions or absentees | examples=Call roll
9. sense_key=call%2:32:04:: | definition=send a message or attempt to reach someone by radio, phone, etc.; make a signal to in order to transmit a message | examples=Hawaii is calling!; A transmitter in Samoa was heard calling
10. sense_key=call%2:32:03:: | definition=utter a characteristic note or cry | examples=bluejays called to one another
11. sense_key=call%2:42:09:: | definition=stop or postpone because of adverse conditions, such as bad weather | examples=call a football game
12. sense_key=call%2:41:14:: | definition=greet, as with a prescribed form, title, or name | synonyms=address | examples=He always addresses me with `Sir'; Call me Mister
13. sense_key=call%2:41:12:: | definition=make a stop in a harbour | examples=The ship will call in Honolulu tomorrow
14. sense_key=call%2:40:09:: | definition=demand payment of (a loan) | synonyms=call in | examples=Call a loan
15. sense_key=call%2:40:05:: | definition=make a demand, as for a card or a suit or a show of hands | synonyms=bid | examples=He called his trump
16. sense_key=call%2:38:00:: | definition=give the calls (to the dancers) for a square dance | synonyms=call off
17. sense_key=call%2:32:06:: | definition=indicate a decision in regard to | examples=call balls and strikes behind the plate
18. sense_key=call%2:32:10:: | definition=make a prediction about; tell in advance | synonyms=predict, foretell, prognosticate, forebode, anticipate, promise | examples=Call the outcome of an election
19. sense_key=call%2:32:12:: | definition=require the presentation of for redemption before maturation | examples=Call a bond
20. sense_key=call%2:32:07:: | definition=challenge (somebody) to make good on a statement; charge with or censure for an offense | examples=He deserves to be called on that
21. sense_key=call%2:32:08:: | definition=declare in the capacity of an umpire or referee | examples=call a runner out
22. sense_key=call%2:32:11:: | definition=lure by imitating the characteristic call of an animal | examples=Call ducks
23. sense_key=call%2:32:15:: | definition=order or request or give a command for | examples=The unions called a general strike for Sunday
24. sense_key=call%2:32:14:: | definition=order, summon, or request for a specific duty or activity, work, role | examples=He was already called 4 times for jury duty; They called him to active military duty
25. sense_key=call%2:31:13:: | definition=utter in a loud voice or announce | examples=He called my name; The auctioneer called the bids
26. sense_key=call%2:31:00:: | definition=challenge the sincerity or truthfulness of | examples=call the speaker on a question of fact
27. sense_key=call%2:31:05:: | definition=consider or regard as being | examples=I would not call her beautiful
28. sense_key=call%2:29:05:: | definition=rouse somebody from sleep with a call | examples=I was called at 5 A.M. this morning

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `call`
    *   Target surface form: `called`
    *   Context: "...researchers reported finding a gene <t>called</t> p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous."

    *   The sentence says "a gene called p53".
    *   This means the gene was given the name "p53".
    *   It's about assigning a proper name to a specific entity (the gene).

    *   Sense 1: `assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to` (Synonym: `name`). Example: "They named their son David".
    *   Sense 2: `ascribe a quality to or give a name of a common noun that reflects a quality`. Example: "He called me a bastard".
    *   Sense 3: `get or try to get into communication (with someone) by telephone`.
    *   Sense 4: `utter a sudden loud cry`.
    *   Sense 5: `order, request, or command to come`.
    *   Sense 6: `pay a brief visit`.
    *   Sense 7: `call a meeting`.
    *   Sense 8: `read aloud to check for omissions`.
    *   Sense 9: `send a message or attempt to reach someone by radio, phone, etc.`.
    *   Sense 10: `utter a characteristic note or cry`.
    *   Sense 11: `stop or postpone because of adverse conditions`.
    *   Sense 12: `greet, as with a prescribed form, title, or name`.
    *   Sense 13: `make a stop in a harbour`.
    *   Sense 14: `demand payment of (a loan)`.
    *   Sense 15: `make a demand, as for a card or a suit`.
    *   Sense 16: `give the calls (to the dancers)`.
    *   Sense 17: `indicate a decision in regard to`.
    *   Sense 18: `make a prediction about`.
    *   Sense 19: `require the presentation of for redemption`.
    *   Sense 20: `challenge (somebody) to make good on a statement`.
    *   Sense 21: `declare in the capacity of an umpire or referee`.
    *   Sense 22: `lure by imitating the characteristic call of an animal`.
    *   Sense 23: `order or request or give a command for`.
    *   Sense 24: `order, summon, or request for a specific duty`.
    *   Sense 25: `utter in a loud voice or announce`.
    *   Sense 26: `challenge the sincerity or truthfulness of`.
    *   Sense 27: `consider or regard as being`.
    *   Sense 28: `rouse somebody from sleep`.

    *   The context "a gene called p53" fits perfectly with Sense 1: "assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to". "p53" is the proper name assigned to the gene.

    *   Sense 2 is about qualities or common nouns (e.g., "called him a liar"). "p53" is a specific name, not a quality.
    *   Sense 27 is about regarding something as being something (e.g., "I would not call her beautiful"). This is more about opinion/judgment than naming.

    *   Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: impair
Target surface form: impaired
Context:
Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if <t>impaired</t>, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=impair%2:30:00:: | definition=make worse or less effective | examples=His vision was impaired
2. sense_key=impair%2:30:01:: | definition=make imperfect | synonyms=mar, spoil, deflower, vitiate | examples=nothing marred her beauty

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `impair`
    *   Target surface form: `impaired`
    *   Context: "...researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if <t>impaired</t>, turns healthy colon cells cancerous."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `impair%2:30:00::` - make worse or less effective (Example: "His vision was impaired")
        2.  `impair%2:30:01::` - make imperfect (Synonyms: mar, spoil, deflower, vitiate; Example: "nothing marred her beauty")

    *   The context discusses a gene (p53) that acts as a cancer-suppressor.
    *   If the gene is "impaired," it no longer functions correctly to prevent cancer, leading to healthy cells becoming cancerous.
    *   This describes a loss of function or a reduction in effectiveness.

    *   Sense 1: "make worse or less effective". This fits perfectly. A gene that is "impaired" is less effective at its job (suppressing tumors).
    *   Sense 2: "make imperfect" (mar, spoil). This is more about aesthetic or structural perfection (e.g., "marred her beauty"). While a mutation makes a gene "imperfect," the functional consequence (making it less effective) is the core meaning here.

    *   Sense 1 is the standard way to describe functional impairment (like vision impairment or organ impairment), which aligns with the biological context of a gene's function being compromised.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: turn
Target surface form: turns
Context:
Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, <t>turns</t> healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=turn%2:38:00:: | definition=change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense | examples=Turn towards me; The mugger turned and fled before I could see his face
2. sense_key=turn%2:30:04:: | definition=undergo a transformation or a change of position or action | synonyms=change state | examples=We turned from Socialism to Capitalism; The people turned against the President when he stole the election
3. sense_key=turn%2:42:00:: | definition=undergo a change or development | synonyms=become | examples=The water turned into ice; Her former friend became her worst enemy
4. sense_key=turn%2:38:02:: | definition=cause to move around or rotate | examples=turn a key; turn your palm this way
5. sense_key=turn%2:30:00:: | definition=change to the contrary | synonyms=change by reversal, reverse | examples=The trend was reversed; the tides turned against him
6. sense_key=turn%2:38:03:: | definition=pass to the other side of | synonyms=move around | examples=turn the corner; move around the obstacle
7. sense_key=turn%2:30:03:: | definition=pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become | synonyms=grow | examples=The weather turned nasty; She grew angry
8. sense_key=turn%2:35:08:: | definition=let (something) fall or spill from a container | synonyms=release | examples=turn the flour onto a plate
9. sense_key=turn%2:38:04:: | definition=move around an axis or a center | examples=The wheels are turning
10. sense_key=turn%2:38:01:: | definition=cause to move around a center so as to show another side of | synonyms=turn over | examples=turn a page of a book
11. sense_key=turn%2:38:06:: | definition=to send or let go | examples=They turned away the crowd at the gate of the governor's mansion
12. sense_key=turn%2:36:00:: | definition=to break and turn over earth especially with a plow | synonyms=plow, plough | examples=Farmer Jones plowed his east field last week; turn the earth in the Spring
13. sense_key=turn%2:35:06:: | definition=shape by rotating on a lathe or cutting device or a wheel | examples=turn the legs of the table; turn the clay on the wheel
14. sense_key=turn%2:30:09:: | definition=change color | examples=In Vermont, the leaves turn early
15. sense_key=turn%2:29:00:: | definition=twist suddenly so as to sprain | synonyms=twist, sprain, wrench, wrick, rick | examples=wrench one's ankle; The wrestler twisted his shoulder
16. sense_key=turn%2:42:13:: | definition=cause to change or turn into something different;assume new characteristics | examples=The princess turned the frog into a prince by kissing him; The alchemists tried to turn lead into gold
17. sense_key=turn%2:41:10:: | definition=accomplish by rotating | examples=turn a somersault; turn cartwheels
18. sense_key=turn%2:40:13:: | definition=get by buying and selling | examples=the company turned a good profit after a year
19. sense_key=turn%2:38:13:: | definition=cause to move along an axis or into a new direction | examples=turn your face to the wall; turn the car around
20. sense_key=turn%2:38:14:: | definition=channel one's attention, interest, thought, or attention toward or away from something | examples=The pedophile turned to boys for satisfaction; people turn to mysticism at the turn of a millennium
21. sense_key=turn%2:35:11:: | definition=cause (a plastic object) to assume a crooked or angular form | synonyms=flex, bend, deform, twist | examples=bend the rod; twist the dough into a braid
22. sense_key=turn%2:35:10:: | definition=alter the functioning or setting of | examples=turn the dial to 10; turn the heat down
23. sense_key=turn%2:33:13:: | definition=direct at someone | examples=She turned a smile on me; They turned their flashlights on the car
24. sense_key=turn%2:32:14:: | definition=have recourse to or make an appeal or request for help or information to | synonyms=call on | examples=She called on her Representative to help her; She turned to her relatives for help
25. sense_key=turn%2:30:01:: | definition=go sour or spoil | synonyms=sour, ferment, work | examples=The milk has soured; The wine worked
26. sense_key=turn%2:30:14:: | definition=become officially one year older | examples=She is turning 50 this year

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 16}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `turn`
    *   Target surface form: `turns`
    *   Context: "...researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, <t>turns</t> healthy colon cells cancerous."

    *   The sentence describes a process where a gene (p53), when impaired, causes healthy colon cells to become cancerous.
    *   The structure is: [Subject: p53 gene] [Verb: turns] [Object: healthy colon cells] [Complement: cancerous].
    *   This is a causative use of "turn" (causing something to change state/characteristic).

    *   Sense 1: change orientation or direction (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 2: undergo a transformation (Intransitive/Reflexive usually: "We turned from Socialism...") (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 3: undergo a change or development (Intransitive: "The water turned into ice") (Not applicable - the target is transitive)
    *   Sense 4: cause to move around or rotate (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 5: change to the contrary (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 6: pass to the other side of (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 7: pass into a condition gradually (Intransitive: "The weather turned nasty") (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 8: let fall or spill (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 9: move around an axis (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 10: cause to move around a center (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 11: send or let go (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 12: break and turn over earth (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 13: shape by rotating on a lathe (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 14: change color (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 15: twist suddenly (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 16: cause to change or turn into something different; assume new characteristics (Example: "The princess turned the frog into a prince"; "The alchemists tried to turn lead into gold"). This fits perfectly. The gene causes healthy cells to become cancerous.
    *   Sense 17: accomplish by rotating (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 18: get by buying and selling (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 19: cause to move along an axis (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 20: channel attention (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 21: cause plastic object to assume crooked form (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 22: alter functioning or setting (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 23: direct at someone (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 24: have recourse to (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 25: go sour or spoil (Not applicable)
    *   Sense 26: become one year older (Not applicable)

    *   The context is "turns healthy colon cells cancerous".
    *   This is a causative change of state/characteristic.
    *   Sense 16: "cause to change or turn into something different; assume new characteristics".
    *   Example: "turn lead into gold" matches the pattern "turn [A] [B/into B]".

    *   Sense 3 is "undergo a change" (intransitive/become).
    *   Sense 7 is "pass into a condition gradually" (intransitive/become).
    *   Sense 16 is "cause to change" (transitive).
    *   The sentence "p53... turns healthy colon cells cancerous" is transitive.

    *   Sense 16 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: healthy
Target surface form: healthy
Context:
Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns <t>healthy</t> colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=healthy%3:00:00:: | definition=having or indicating good health in body or mind; free from infirmity or disease | examples=a rosy healthy baby; staying fit and healthy
2. sense_key=healthy%5:00:00:sound:00 | definition=financially secure and functioning well | examples=a healthy economy
3. sense_key=healthy%5:00:00:wholesome:00 | definition=promoting health; healthful; ; ; ; ; - C.B.Davis | synonyms=salubrious, good for you | examples=a healthy diet; clean healthy air
4. sense_key=healthy%5:00:00:reasonable:00 | definition=exercising or showing good judgment | synonyms=intelligent, levelheaded, sound | examples=healthy scepticism; a healthy fear of rattlesnakes
5. sense_key=healthy%5:00:00:considerable:00 | definition=large in amount or extent or degree | synonyms=goodly, goodish, hefty, respectable, sizable, sizeable | examples=it cost a considerable amount; a goodly amount

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "healthy"
    *   Target surface form: "healthy"
    *   Context: "...researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns <t>healthy</t> colon cells cancerous."

    *   Sense 1: "having or indicating good health in body or mind; free from infirmity or disease" (e.g., a rosy healthy baby).
    *   Sense 2: "financially secure and functioning well" (e.g., a healthy economy).
    *   Sense 3: "promoting health; healthful" (e.g., a healthy diet).
    *   Sense 4: "exercising or showing good judgment" (e.g., healthy scepticism).
    *   Sense 5: "large in amount or extent or degree" (e.g., a goodly amount).

    *   The phrase is "healthy colon cells".
    *   The context describes a gene (p53) that, if impaired, turns these cells "cancerous".
    *   "Cancerous" is the opposite of "healthy" in this biological context.
    *   The cells are "free from infirmity or disease" (specifically, free from cancer).

    *   Sense 1 fits perfectly: "free from infirmity or disease".
    *   Sense 2 (financial) is irrelevant.
    *   Sense 3 (promoting health) describes things like food or air, not the state of the cells themselves.
    *   Sense 4 (judgment) is irrelevant.
    *   Sense 5 (amount) is irrelevant.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: colon
Target surface form: colon
Context:
Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy <t>colon</t> cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=colon%1:08:00:: | definition=the part of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum; it extracts moisture from food residues before they are excreted
2. sense_key=colon%1:23:01:: | definition=the basic unit of money in El Salvador; equal to 100 centavos | synonyms=El Salvadoran colon
3. sense_key=colon%1:23:00:: | definition=the basic unit of money in Costa Rica; equal to 100 centimos | synonyms=Costa Rican colon
4. sense_key=colon%1:15:00:: | definition=a port city at the Caribbean entrance to the Panama Canal | synonyms=Aspinwall
5. sense_key=colon%1:10:00:: | definition=a punctuation mark (:) used after a word introducing a series or an example or an explanation (or after the salutation of a business letter)

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `colon`
    *   Target surface form: `colon`
    *   Context: "...researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy <t>colon</t> cells cancerous."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  Part of the large intestine (anatomy).
        2.  Money in El Salvador.
        3.  Money in Costa Rica.
        4.  Port city in Panama.
        5.  Punctuation mark (:).

    *   The sentence mentions "healthy colon cells cancerous," "gene called p53," "lung and breast cancers," and "cancer-suppressors."
    *   The context is clearly medical/biological, specifically referring to cells in a body part that can become cancerous.

    *   Sense 1: "the part of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum" - This fits perfectly with "colon cells" and "cancerous."
    *   Sense 2: Money (El Salvador) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 3: Money (Costa Rica) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 4: Port city (Panama) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 5: Punctuation mark - Incorrect.

    *   The correct sense is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cell
Target surface form: cells
Context:
Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon <t>cells</t> cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cell%1:06:03:: | definition=any small compartment | examples=the cells of a honeycomb
2. sense_key=cell%1:03:00:: | definition=(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
3. sense_key=cell%1:06:00:: | definition=a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction | synonyms=electric cell
4. sense_key=cell%1:14:00:: | definition=a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement | synonyms=cadre
5. sense_key=cell%1:06:04:: | definition=a hand-held mobile radiotelephone for use in an area divided into small sections, each with its own short-range transmitter/receiver | synonyms=cellular telephone, cellular phone, cellphone, mobile phone
6. sense_key=cell%1:06:02:: | definition=small room in which a monk or nun lives | synonyms=cubicle
7. sense_key=cell%1:06:01:: | definition=a room where a prisoner is kept | synonyms=jail cell, prison cell

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `cell`
    *   Target surface form: `cells`
    *   Context: "...researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon <t>cells</t> cancerous."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  Small compartment (honeycomb).
        2.  (Biology) basic structural and functional unit of all organisms.
        3.  Electric current device.
        4.  Political movement unit (cadre).
        5.  Mobile phone.
        6.  Monk/nun room.
        7.  Prisoner room.

    *   The sentence mentions "gene called p53", "healthy colon cells", and "cancerous".
    *   "Colon cells" refers to the biological units that make up the colon (part of the digestive system).
    *   This clearly fits the biological definition.

    *   Sense 2: "(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms..." matches perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cancerous
Target surface form: cancerous
Context:
Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells <t>cancerous</t>. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cancerous%5:00:00:malignant:02 | definition=relating to or affected with cancer | examples=a cancerous growth
2. sense_key=cancerous%5:00:00:malign:00 | definition=like a cancer; an evil that grows and spreads | examples=remorse was cancerous within him; pornography is cancerous to the moral development of our children

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `cancerous`
    *   Target surface form: `cancerous`
    *   Context: "...researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells <t>cancerous</t>."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `cancerous%5:00:00:malignant:02`: relating to or affected with cancer (e.g., "a cancerous growth").
        2.  `cancerous%5:00:00:malign:00`: like a cancer; an evil that grows and spreads (e.g., "remorse was cancerous within him").

    *   The sentence discusses genetics, p53 genes, colon cells, and cancer research.
    *   "turns healthy colon cells cancerous" clearly refers to the biological process of cells becoming malignant/cancerous.

    *   Sense 1 is the medical/biological meaning (malignant).
    *   Sense 2 is the metaphorical meaning (evil/spreading).

    *   The context is strictly medical/biological. Sense 1 is the correct fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: report
Target surface form: report
Context:
"It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that <t>report</t>, two other research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers. Colon, lung and breast cancers are the most common and lethal forms of the disease, collectively killing almost 200,000 Americans a year.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=report%1:10:03:: | definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | synonyms=study, written report | examples=this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
2. sense_key=report%1:10:01:: | definition=the act of informing by verbal report | synonyms=account | examples=he heard reports that they were causing trouble; by all accounts they were a happy couple
3. sense_key=report%1:10:00:: | definition=a short account of the news | synonyms=news report, story, account, write up | examples=the report of his speech; the story was on the 11 o'clock news
4. sense_key=report%1:11:00:: | definition=a sharp explosive sound (especially the sound of a gun firing) | examples=they heard a violent report followed by silence
5. sense_key=report%1:10:04:: | definition=a written evaluation of a student's scholarship and deportment | synonyms=report card | examples=his father signed his report card
6. sense_key=report%1:10:02:: | definition=an essay (especially one written as an assignment) | synonyms=composition, paper, theme | examples=he got an A on his composition
7. sense_key=report%1:09:00:: | definition=the general estimation that the public has for a person | synonyms=reputation | examples=he acquired a reputation as an actor before he started writing; he was a person of bad report

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `report`
    *   Target surface form: `report`
    *   Context: "...researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that <t>report</t>, two other research teams uncovered evidence..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `report%1:10:03::`: a written document describing the findings of some individual or group (synonyms: study, written report).
        2.  `report%1:10:01::`: the act of informing by verbal report (synonyms: account).
        3.  `report%1:10:00::`: a short account of the news (synonyms: news report, story, account, write up).
        4.  `report%1:11:00::`: a sharp explosive sound.
        5.  `report%1:10:04::`: a written evaluation of a student's scholarship (report card).
        6.  `report%1:10:02::`: an essay (composition, paper).
        7.  `report%1:09:00::`: general estimation (reputation).

    *   The sentence says: "researchers reported finding a gene called p53... Soon after that report..."
    *   The "report" refers back to the act of researchers reporting their findings about the p53 gene.
    *   In a scientific context, when researchers "report" findings, they typically do so via a written document (a scientific paper or study).
    *   Sense 1: "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group" (synonyms: study, written report). This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "the act of informing by verbal report". Less likely in a scientific context where "reporting" usually implies publication.
    *   Sense 3: "a short account of the news". This is more like a journalistic report. While the discovery might be in the news, the "report" researchers make is the scientific study itself.
    *   Sense 4, 5, 6, 7: Clearly incorrect.

    *   The context is scientific research ("researchers reported finding a gene").
    *   The "report" is the vehicle for these findings.
    *   Sense 1 specifically mentions "findings of some individual or group" and lists "study" as a synonym. This is the standard way scientific findings are communicated.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: other
Target surface form: other
Context:
"It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two <t>other</t> research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers. Colon, lung and breast cancers are the most common and lethal forms of the disease, collectively killing almost 200,000 Americans a year.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
2. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening
3. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=belonging to the distant past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "other"
    *   Target surface form: "other"
    *   Context: "...two <t>other</t> research teams uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `other%3:00:00::`: not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied.
        2.  `other%5:00:00:past:00`: recently past.
        3.  `other%5:00:02:past:00`: belonging to the distant past.
        4.  `other%5:00:00:strange:00`: very unusual; different in character or quality.

    *   The sentence says: "Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered evidence..."
    *   The "other" refers to research teams that are different from the one that published the report mentioned in the previous sentence ("researchers reported finding a gene called p53").
    *   It means "additional" or "different from the one(s) already mentioned."

    *   Sense 1: "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied" - This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "recently past" - Does not fit.
    *   Sense 3: "belonging to the distant past" - Does not fit.
    *   Sense 4: "very unusual" - Does not fit.

    *   The target word "other" in "two other research teams" clearly refers to teams distinct from the one previously mentioned. This aligns with Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: team
Target surface form: teams
Context:
"It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research <t>teams</t> uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers. Colon, lung and breast cancers are the most common and lethal forms of the disease, collectively killing almost 200,000 Americans a year.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=team%1:14:00:: | definition=a cooperative unit (especially in sports) | synonyms=squad
2. sense_key=team%1:14:01:: | definition=two or more draft animals that work together to pull something

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `team`
    *   Target surface form: `teams`
    *   Context: "...two other research <t>teams</t> uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `team%1:14:00::`: a cooperative unit (especially in sports) | synonyms: squad
        2.  `team%1:14:01::`: two or more draft animals that work together to pull something

    *   The context mentions "research teams" uncovering evidence about a gene (p53) in cancer research.
    *   This refers to groups of scientists working together.
    *   Sense 1 describes a "cooperative unit," which fits a group of researchers.
    *   Sense 2 describes "draft animals," which clearly does not fit.

    *   Sense 1 is the correct fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: evidence
Target surface form: evidence
Context:
"It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute. "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "To date, scientists have fingered two of these cancer-suppressors. Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986. Then last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous. Soon after that report, two other research teams uncovered <t>evidence</t> that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers. Colon, lung and breast cancers are the most common and lethal forms of the disease, collectively killing almost 200,000 Americans a year.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=evidence%1:09:00:: | definition=your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief | synonyms=grounds | examples=the evidence that smoking causes lung cancer is very compelling
2. sense_key=evidence%1:10:01:: | definition=an indication that makes something evident | examples=his trembling was evidence of his fear
3. sense_key=evidence%1:10:00:: | definition=(law) all the means by which any alleged matter of fact whose truth is investigated at judicial trial is established or disproved

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `evidence`
    *   Target surface form: `evidence`
    *   Context: "...two other research teams uncovered <t>evidence</t> that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `evidence%1:09:00::`: basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief (synonym: grounds). Example: "the evidence that smoking causes lung cancer is very compelling".
        2.  `evidence%1:10:01::`: an indication that makes something evident. Example: "his trembling was evidence of his fear".
        3.  `evidence%1:10:00::`: (law) all the means by which any alleged matter of fact whose truth is investigated at judicial trial is established or disproved.

    *   The context is scientific research (cancer research, genes, p53, tissue samples).
    *   The phrase is "uncovered evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present...".
    *   This refers to scientific data or findings that support a conclusion/belief about the p53 gene's presence in various cancers.

    *   Sense 3 (law) is clearly incorrect as this is not a judicial trial.
    *   Sense 2 (indication) usually refers to a sign or symptom (e.g., trembling as evidence of fear). While scientific evidence can be an indication, Sense 1 is more specific to the "basis for belief" or "knowledge" derived from research.
    *   Sense 1 (basis for belief/knowledge) fits perfectly. The example "the evidence that smoking causes lung cancer is very compelling" is almost identical in nature to "evidence that the same damaged p53 gene is present in tissue from lung and breast cancers."

    *   Sense 1: basis for belief/knowledge (scientific evidence).
    *   Sense 2: indication/sign.
    *   Sense 3: legal evidence.
    *   The context is scientific findings supporting a hypothesis/fact. This aligns best with Sense 1.