[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bank
Target surface form: banks
Context:
The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major banks of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products. The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions. "We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York. The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement. The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two <t>banks</t>. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) | examples=they pulled the canoe up on the bank; he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile | examples=a huge bank of earth
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers | examples=he operated a bank of switches
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games | examples=he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force | synonyms=cant, camber
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home | synonyms=savings bank, coin bank, money box | examples=the coin bank was empty
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building | examples=the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning) | examples=the plane went into a steep bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `bank`
    *   Target surface form: `banks`
    *   Context: "The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major banks of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products... The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two <t>banks</t>."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  Sloping land (river bank).
        2.  Financial institution (deposits/lending).
        3.  Long ridge or pile.
        4.  Arrangement of similar objects in a row.
        5.  Supply or stock held in reserve.
        6.  Funds held by a gambling house.
        7.  Slope in the turn of a road.
        8.  Container for keeping money at home (piggy bank).
        9.  Building in which banking is transacted.
        10. Flight maneuver.

    *   The context mentions "financial market regulator", "major banks", "credit unions", "financial products", "securities", "financial crisis", "Deutsche Bank", "Citigroup", and "customer deposits".
    *   The target word "banks" refers to Deutsche Bank and Citigroup, which are financial institutions.

    *   Sense 2: "a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities" (synonyms: depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company).
    *   Sense 9: "a building in which the business of banking transacted".

    *   The context refers to the organizations (Deutsche Bank, Citigroup) and their actions (misleading credit unions, paying settlements), not the physical buildings. Therefore, Sense 2 is the correct fit.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bankruptcy
Target surface form: bankruptcies
Context:
The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions. "We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York. The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement. The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in <t>bankruptcies</t> to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bankruptcy%1:26:01:: | definition=a state of complete lack of some abstract property | examples=spiritual bankruptcy; moral bankruptcy
2. sense_key=bankruptcy%1:26:00:: | definition=inability to discharge all your debts as they come due | synonyms=failure | examples=the company had to declare bankruptcy; fraudulent loans led to the failure of many banks
3. sense_key=bankruptcy%1:04:00:: | definition=a legal process intended to insure equality among the creditors of a corporation declared to be insolvent

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `bankruptcy`
    *   Target surface form: `bankruptcies`
    *   Context: "The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in <t>bankruptcies</t> to protect customer deposits."

    *   Sense 1: `bankruptcy%1:26:01::` - a state of complete lack of some abstract property (e.g., spiritual bankruptcy).
    *   Sense 2: `bankruptcy%1:26:00::` - inability to discharge all your debts as they come due (synonym: failure).
    *   Sense 3: `bankruptcy%1:04:00::` - a legal process intended to insure equality among the creditors of a corporation declared to be insolvent.

    *   The context mentions the NCUA (National Credit Union Administration), which is a regulatory body.
    *   The NCUA "intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits."
    *   "Intervening in" suggests a formal, legal, or administrative process.
    *   Sense 1 (abstract property) is clearly wrong.
    *   Sense 2 (the state of being unable to pay debts) describes the *condition* of insolvency.
    *   Sense 3 (the legal process) describes the *procedure* that follows insolvency.
    *   Regulatory bodies like the NCUA intervene in the *legal process* (the bankruptcy proceedings) to manage assets and protect depositors.

    *   Sense 2 is the *state* of being bankrupt.
    *   Sense 3 is the *legal process* of bankruptcy.
    *   "Intervenes in bankruptcies" strongly implies the legal proceedings/cases rather than the abstract state of being unable to pay debts.

    *   Sense 3 is the best fit.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: deposit
Target surface form: deposits
Context:
The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions. "We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York. The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement. The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer <t>deposits</t>. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=deposit%1:19:00:: | definition=the phenomenon of sediment or gravel accumulating | synonyms=sedimentation, alluviation
2. sense_key=deposit%1:17:00:: | definition=matter that has been deposited by some natural process | synonyms=sediment
3. sense_key=deposit%1:22:00:: | definition=the natural process of laying down a deposit of something | synonyms=deposition
4. sense_key=deposit%1:21:01:: | definition=money deposited in a bank or some similar institution | synonyms=bank deposit
5. sense_key=deposit%1:21:00:: | definition=a partial payment made at the time of purchase; the balance to be paid later | synonyms=down payment
6. sense_key=deposit%1:21:02:: | definition=money given as security for an article acquired for temporary use | examples=his deposit was refunded when he returned the car
7. sense_key=deposit%1:10:01:: | definition=a payment given as a guarantee that an obligation will be met
8. sense_key=deposit%1:06:00:: | definition=a facility where things can be deposited for storage or safekeeping | synonyms=depository, depositary, repository
9. sense_key=deposit%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of putting something somewhere | synonyms=deposition

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `deposit`
    *   Target surface form: `deposits`
    *   Context: "...The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer <t>deposits</t>."
    *   Key phrases: "National Credit Union Administration", "credit unions", "bankruptcies", "protect customer deposits".

    *   Sense 1: sediment/gravel accumulating (geology) - No.
    *   Sense 2: matter deposited by natural process (geology) - No.
    *   Sense 3: natural process of laying down a deposit (geology) - No.
    *   Sense 4: money deposited in a bank or some similar institution (bank deposit) - Yes.
    *   Sense 5: partial payment/down payment - No.
    *   Sense 6: money given as security for temporary use (e.g., car rental) - No.
    *   Sense 7: payment as a guarantee for an obligation - No.
    *   Sense 8: facility for storage (depository) - No.
    *   Sense 9: act of putting something somewhere - No.

    *   The context explicitly mentions "credit unions" and "protect customer deposits". This refers to the money customers have put into their accounts at the credit union.
    *   Sense 4 ("money deposited in a bank or some similar institution") fits perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: compensation
Target surface form: compensation
Context:
"We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York. The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement. The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for <t>compensation</t> for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=compensation%1:21:00:: | definition=something (such as money) given or received as payment or reparation (as for a service or loss or injury)
2. sense_key=compensation%1:22:00:: | definition=(psychiatry) a defense mechanism that conceals your undesirable shortcomings by exaggerating desirable behaviors
3. sense_key=compensation%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of compensating for service or loss or injury | synonyms=recompense

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "compensation"
    *   Target surface form: "compensation"
    *   Context: "The NCUA is fighting for <t>compensation</t> for losses that run into the billions."
    *   Surrounding context: Deutsche Bank and Citigroup paying settlements to the NCUA to cover losses.

    *   Sense 1: `compensation%1:21:00::` - "something (such as money) given or received as payment or reparation (as for a service or loss or injury)"
    *   Sense 2: `compensation%1:22:00::` - "(psychiatry) a defense mechanism..."
    *   Sense 3: `compensation%1:04:00::` - "the act of compensating for service or loss or injury | synonyms=recompense"

    *   The context says "fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions."
    *   The previous sentences mention banks paying "20.5 million dollars" as part of a "settlement."
    *   The NCUA is seeking the *money* (the payment/reparation) to cover the losses.

    *   Sense 1 refers to the *thing* (the money/payment) given.
    *   Sense 3 refers to the *act* of compensating.
    *   In the phrase "fighting for compensation," the NCUA is fighting for the *payment* (the money) rather than the *act* of paying. While "recompense" (synonym for sense 3) can sometimes mean the money, the primary definition of sense 1 ("something (such as money) given or received") fits the "fighting for [the money]" context more precisely than the "act of compensating."

    *   "fighting for compensation" -> fighting for the money/reparation.
    *   Sense 1: "something (such as money) given or received as payment or reparation"
    *   Sense 3: "the act of compensating"

    Usually, when someone fights for compensation, they are fighting for the payment itself.

    *   Sense 1: The payment/reparation.
    *   Sense 3: The act of paying.

    The context "losses that run into the billions" and the mention of "20.5 million dollars" strongly point to the money itself.

    *   Sense 1: something (such as money) given or received as payment or reparation.
    *   Sense 3: the act of compensating.

    If you fight for "the act of compensating," it sounds slightly off compared to fighting for "the payment."

    Let's double-check WordNet's typical usage.
    `compensation%1:21:00` (something given) vs `compensation%1:04:00` (the act of giving).
    "Fighting for compensation" almost always refers to the money.

    Sense 1 is the most appropriate.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: billion
Target surface form: billions
Context:
"We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York. The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement. The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the <t>billions</t>. The current settlements are the first of their kind.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=billion%1:23:01:: | definition=the number that is represented as a one followed by 12 zeros; in the United Kingdom the usage followed in the United States is frequently seen | synonyms=one million million, 1000000000000
2. sense_key=billion%1:23:02:: | definition=a very large indefinite number (usually hyperbole) | synonyms=million, trillion, zillion, jillion, gazillion | examples=there were millions of flies
3. sense_key=billion%1:23:00:: | definition=the number that is represented as a one followed by 9 zeros | synonyms=one thousand million, 1000000000

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `billion`
    *   Target surface form: `billions`
    *   Context: "The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `billion%1:23:01::`: $10^{12}$ (one trillion in US English).
        2.  `billion%1:23:02::`: A very large indefinite number (hyperbole).
        3.  `billion%1:23:00::`: $10^9$ (one thousand million).

    *   The sentence discusses financial losses involving major banks (Deutsche Bank, Citigroup) and the NCUA (National Credit Union Administration).
    *   "losses that run into the billions" refers to a specific scale of monetary loss.
    *   In modern financial contexts (especially US-based, as mentioned "New York", "US credit unions"), "billion" almost always refers to $10^9$.
    *   Is it hyperbole (sense 2)? While "billions" can be used hyperbolically, in a news report about bank settlements and the NCUA, it's likely referring to the actual numerical scale of the losses.
    *   Is it $10^{12}$ (sense 1)? In the US, $10^{12}$ is a trillion. The text mentions "20.5 million dollars" earlier, suggesting a scale where "billions" ($10^9$) is the next logical step up from millions.

    *   Sense 3: $10^9$ (Standard US/modern UK billion).
    *   Sense 1: $10^{12}$ (Old UK billion).
    *   Sense 2: Indefinite large number.

    The context is a financial report about US institutions. The standard meaning of "billion" in this context is $10^9$.

    *   Sense 3 is the most appropriate.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: settlement
Target surface form: settlements
Context:
The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement. The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current <t>settlements</t> are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=settlement%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government | synonyms=colony | examples=the American colony in Paris
2. sense_key=settlement%1:14:01:: | definition=a community of people smaller than a town | synonyms=village, small town
3. sense_key=settlement%1:10:00:: | definition=a conclusive resolution of a matter and disposition of it
4. sense_key=settlement%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of colonizing; the establishment of colonies | synonyms=colonization, colonisation | examples=the British colonization of America
5. sense_key=settlement%1:09:00:: | definition=something settled or resolved; the outcome of decision making | synonyms=resolution, closure | examples=they finally reached a settlement with the union; they never did achieve a final resolution of their differences
6. sense_key=settlement%1:15:00:: | definition=an area where a group of families live together
7. sense_key=settlement%1:04:00:: | definition=termination of a business operation by using its assets to discharge its liabilities | synonyms=liquidation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "settlement"
    *   Target surface form: "settlements"
    *   Context: "The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement. The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars... The current <t>settlements</t> are the first of their kind."
    *   Key indicators: "bank", "culpability", "agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars", "compensation for losses", "regulator".

    *   Sense 1: Colony (people far from home). -> Incorrect.
    *   Sense 2: Small community/village. -> Incorrect.
    *   Sense 3: Conclusive resolution of a matter and disposition of it. -> Possible.
    *   Sense 4: Act of colonizing. -> Incorrect.
    *   Sense 5: Something settled or resolved; the outcome of decision making (synonyms: resolution, closure). Example: "reached a settlement with the union". -> Very strong candidate.
    *   Sense 6: Area where families live together. -> Incorrect.
    *   Sense 7: Termination of business operation (liquidation). -> Incorrect.

    *   Sense 3: "a conclusive resolution of a matter and disposition of it"
    *   Sense 5: "something settled or resolved; the outcome of decision making" (synonyms: resolution, closure). Example: "they finally reached a settlement with the union".

    In legal and financial contexts, a "settlement" where a party agrees to pay a sum of money to resolve a dispute without admitting culpability is exactly what Sense 5 describes (the outcome of decision making/resolution). Sense 3 is very similar, but Sense 5's example ("reached a settlement with the union") aligns perfectly with the legal/financial agreement described in the text.

    Wait, let's look closer at Sense 3 vs Sense 5.
    Sense 3: "a conclusive resolution of a matter and disposition of it"
    Sense 5: "something settled or resolved; the outcome of decision making"

    Actually, in many WordNet versions, Sense 5 (settlement%1:09:00) is the one specifically used for legal settlements (agreements to end a dispute).

    Let's re-read the context: "The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement... agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars... The current settlements are the first of their kind."

    This is clearly a legal agreement to resolve a dispute.

    Comparing Sense 3 and Sense 5 again:
    Sense 3: "conclusive resolution of a matter and disposition of it"
    Sense 5: "something settled or resolved; the outcome of decision making" (Example: "reached a settlement with the union")

    Sense 5 is the most fitting because it explicitly mentions reaching a settlement in a dispute context (the union example).

    *Self-Correction:* Let me double-check if there's a more specific "legal settlement" sense.
    Sense 7 is liquidation.
    Sense 3 is a general resolution.
    Sense 5 is the outcome of decision making/resolution.

    Looking at the provided options:
    3. settlement%1:10:00:: a conclusive resolution of a matter and disposition of it
    5. settlement%1:09:00:: something settled or resolved; the outcome of decision making | synonyms=resolution, closure | examples=they finally reached a settlement with the union

    Sense 5 is the standard choice for a legal settlement agreement.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: regulator
Target surface form: regulator
Context:
The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind. The <t>regulator</t> had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=regulator%1:06:00:: | definition=any of various controls or devices for regulating or controlling fluid flow, pressure, temperature, etc.
2. sense_key=regulator%1:18:00:: | definition=an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest
3. sense_key=regulator%1:06:01:: | definition=a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine (as by controlling the supply of fuel) | synonyms=governor

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `regulator`
    *   Target surface form: `regulator`
    *   Context: The text discusses Citigroup, the NCUA (National Credit Union Administration), banks, bankruptcies, customer deposits, settlements, and lawsuits against JPMorgan Chase, Royal Bank of Scotland, and Goldman Sachs.
    *   Sentence: "The <t>regulator</t> had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer."

    *   Sense 1: `regulator%1:06:00::` - controls or devices for regulating fluid flow, pressure, temperature, etc. (Mechanical/Technical)
    *   Sense 2: `regulator%1:18:00::` - an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest (Administrative/Legal/Financial)
    *   Sense 3: `regulator%1:06:01::` - a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine (Mechanical/Governor)

    *   The context is clearly about financial regulation, specifically the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) taking legal action against banks.
    *   The "regulator" in this context refers to the NCUA, which is an official body/official responsible for supervision.
    *   This matches Sense 2 perfectly.

    *   Sense 1: No (not a fluid control device).
    *   Sense 2: Yes (an official/body supervising public interest/financial activity).
    *   Sense 3: No (not a machine speed control).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bank
Target surface form: banks
Context:
The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major <t>banks</t> and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) | examples=they pulled the canoe up on the bank; he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile | examples=a huge bank of earth
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers | examples=he operated a bank of switches
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games | examples=he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force | synonyms=cant, camber
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home | synonyms=savings bank, coin bank, money box | examples=the coin bank was empty
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building | examples=the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning) | examples=the plane went into a steep bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `bank`
    *   Target surface form: `banks`
    *   Context: "The regulator had also approached other major <t>banks</t> and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer."
    *   Surrounding context mentions: "Citigroup", "NCUA chairman", "customer deposits", "mortgage securities", "JPMorgan Chase", "Royal Bank of Scotland", "Goldman Sachs".

    *   Sense 1: Sloping land (river bank).
    *   Sense 2: Financial institution (deposits, lending).
    *   Sense 3: Long ridge or pile (earth bank).
    *   Sense 4: Arrangement of similar objects (bank of switches).
    *   Sense 5: Supply or stock in reserve.
    *   Sense 6: Gambling house funds.
    *   Sense 7: Slope in a road/track.
    *   Sense 8: Money box (piggy bank).
    *   Sense 9: Bank building.
    *   Sense 10: Aircraft maneuver.

    *   The context explicitly mentions "Citigroup", "JPMorgan Chase", "Royal Bank of Scotland", and "Goldman Sachs".
    *   It mentions "customer deposits" and "mortgage securities".
    *   These are all clear indicators of a financial institution.

    *   Sense 2: "a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities". This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 9: "a building in which the business of banking transacted". The context refers to the institutions (the companies), not the physical buildings.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: summer
Target surface form: summer
Context:
The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the <t>summer</t>. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=summer%1:28:00:: | definition=the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox | synonyms=summertime | examples=they spent a lazy summer at the shore
2. sense_key=summer%1:28:01:: | definition=the period of finest development, happiness, or beauty | examples=the golden summer of his life

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "summer"
    *   Target surface form: "summer"
    *   Context: "...The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the <t>summer</t>."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `summer%1:28:00::`: the warmest season of the year (summertime).
        2.  `summer%1:28:01::`: the period of finest development, happiness, or beauty.

    *   The sentence describes a legal action (suing banks) that took place "in the summer".
    *   This refers to a specific time of year (the season), not a metaphorical period of happiness or beauty.

    *   Sense 1: Warmest season of the year. (Fits perfectly)
    *   Sense 2: Period of finest development/happiness. (Does not fit)

    *   The correct sense index is 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: fate
Target surface form: fate
Context:
The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the <t>fate</t> of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=fate%1:11:00:: | definition=an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future | synonyms=destiny
2. sense_key=fate%1:18:00:: | definition=the ultimate agency regarded as predetermining the course of events (often personified as a woman) | synonyms=destiny | examples=we are helpless in the face of destiny
3. sense_key=fate%1:26:00:: | definition=your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you) | synonyms=fortune, destiny, luck, lot, circumstances, portion | examples=whatever my fortune may be; deserved a better fate

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `fate`
    *   Target surface form: `fate`
    *   Context: "This sealed the <t>fate</t> of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `fate%1:11:00::`: an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future (synonym: destiny).
        2.  `fate%1:18:00::`: the ultimate agency regarded as predetermining the course of events (often personified as a woman).
        3.  `fate%1:26:00::`: your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you) (synonyms: fortune, destiny, luck, lot, circumstances, portion).

    *   The phrase "sealed the fate of" is a common idiom.
    *   In this context, "sealed the fate of a number of financial companies" means that the events (the property bubble exploding) made the failure/collapse of those companies inevitable.
    *   It refers to the *outcome* or the *inevitable event* (bankruptcy/collapse) that happened to the companies.

    *   Sense 1: "an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future". This fits well. The "fate" here is the inevitable collapse.
    *   Sense 2: "the ultimate agency regarded as predetermining the course of events". This is about a deity or personified force. Not applicable here.
    *   Sense 3: "your overall circumstances or condition in life". This is more about a general state of being or a life's lot. While "fate" can mean this, "sealed the fate" usually refers to a specific outcome or event (Sense 1).

    *   "Sealed the fate" usually means to make a particular (usually bad) outcome inevitable.
    *   Sense 1: "an event... that will inevitably happen".
    *   Sense 3: "overall circumstances or condition in life".
    *   Comparing the two: The collapse of the companies is a specific event/outcome, not their general "condition in life".

    *   Sense 1 is the best fit for "sealed the fate of [someone/something]".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: number
Target surface form: number
Context:
The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a <t>number</t> of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=number%1:07:00:: | definition=the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals | synonyms=figure | examples=he had a number of chores to do; the number of parameters is small
2. sense_key=number%1:23:00:: | definition=a concept of quantity involving zero and units | examples=every number has a unique position in the sequence
3. sense_key=number%1:10:04:: | definition=a short theatrical performance that is part of a longer program | synonyms=act, routine, turn, bit | examples=he did his act three times every evening; she had a catchy little routine
4. sense_key=number%1:10:03:: | definition=the number is used in calling a particular telephone | synonyms=phone number, telephone number | examples=he has an unlisted number
5. sense_key=number%1:10:01:: | definition=a symbol used to represent a number | synonyms=numeral | examples=he learned to write the numerals before he went to school
6. sense_key=number%1:10:00:: | definition=one of a series published periodically | synonyms=issue | examples=she found an old issue of the magazine in her dentist's waiting room
7. sense_key=number%1:14:00:: | definition=a select company of people | examples=I hope to become one of their number before I die
8. sense_key=number%1:10:02:: | definition=a numeral or string of numerals that is used for identification | synonyms=identification number | examples=she refused to give them her Social Security number
9. sense_key=number%1:07:01:: | definition=a clothing measurement | examples=a number 13 shoe
10. sense_key=number%1:10:05:: | definition=the grammatical category for the forms of nouns and pronouns and verbs that are used depending on the number of entities involved (singular or dual or plural) | examples=in English the subject and the verb must agree in number
11. sense_key=number%1:06:00:: | definition=an item of merchandise offered for sale | examples=she preferred the black nylon number; this sweater is an all-wool number

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "number"
    *   Target surface form: "number"
    *   Context: "This sealed the fate of a <t>number</t> of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007."

    *   "a number of financial companies"
    *   In this phrase, "a number of" is used as a quantifier meaning "several" or "some" or "a quantity of".

    *   Sense 1: "the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals" (Synonym: figure; Example: "he had a number of chores to do") - This matches perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "a concept of quantity involving zero and units" (Example: "every number has a unique position in the sequence") - This refers to the mathematical concept of a number.
    *   Sense 3: "a short theatrical performance..." - Not applicable.
    *   Sense 4: "the number is used in calling a particular telephone" - Not applicable.
    *   Sense 5: "a symbol used to represent a number" - Not applicable.
    *   Sense 6: "one of a series published periodically" - Not applicable.
    *   Sense 7: "a select company of people" (Example: "I hope to become one of their number before I die") - This refers to membership in a group, not a quantity of companies.
    *   Sense 8: "a numeral or string of numerals that is used for identification" - Not applicable.
    *   Sense 9: "a clothing measurement" - Not applicable.
    *   Sense 10: "the grammatical category..." - Not applicable.
    *   Sense 11: "an item of merchandise offered for sale" - Not applicable.

    *   The phrase "a number of [plural noun]" is a classic usage of Sense 1 ("indefinite quantity of units or individuals").

    *   Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: company
Target surface form: companies
Context:
The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial <t>companies</t> when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=company%1:14:01:: | definition=an institution created to conduct business | examples=he only invests in large well-established companies; he started the company in his garage
2. sense_key=company%1:14:03:: | definition=small military unit; usually two or three platoons
3. sense_key=company%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being with someone | synonyms=companionship, fellowship, society | examples=he missed their company; he enjoyed the society of his friends
4. sense_key=company%1:14:02:: | definition=organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical) | synonyms=troupe | examples=the traveling company all stayed at the same hotel
5. sense_key=company%1:18:00:: | definition=a social or business visitor | synonyms=caller | examples=the room was a mess because he hadn't expected company
6. sense_key=company%1:14:00:: | definition=a social gathering of guests or companions | examples=the house was filled with company when I arrived
7. sense_key=company%1:14:06:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=party | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
8. sense_key=company%1:14:04:: | definition=crew of a ship including the officers; the whole force or personnel of a ship | synonyms=ship's company
9. sense_key=company%1:14:05:: | definition=a unit of firefighters including their equipment | examples=a hook-and-ladder company

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `company`
    *   Target surface form: `companies`
    *   Context: "This sealed the fate of a number of financial <t>companies</t> when the US property bubble exploded in 2007."
    *   Surrounding context: Mentions NCUA, compensation for losses, settlements, major banks (JPMorgan Chase, Royal Bank of Scotland, Goldman Sachs), mortgage-backed securities, home loans, US property bubble, Lehman Brothers (investment bank).

    *   Sense 1: "an institution created to conduct business" (e.g., large well-established companies).
    *   Sense 2: "small military unit".
    *   Sense 3: "the state of being with someone" (companionship).
    *   Sense 4: "organization of performers" (troupe).
    *   Sense 5: "a social or business visitor" (caller).
    *   Sense 6: "a social gathering of guests".
    *   Sense 7: "a band of people associated temporarily".
    *   Sense 8: "crew of a ship".
    *   Sense 9: "a unit of firefighters".

    *   The context refers to "financial companies" in the context of banks (JPMorgan, Goldman Sachs, Lehman Brothers) and the 2007 property bubble.
    *   This clearly refers to business institutions.
    *   Sense 1 ("an institution created to conduct business") fits perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: height
Target surface form: height
Context:
The current settlements are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the <t>height</t> of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=height%1:07:00:: | definition=the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top | synonyms=tallness
2. sense_key=height%1:26:00:: | definition=the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development | synonyms=acme, elevation, peak, pinnacle, summit, superlative | examples=his landscapes were deemed the acme of beauty; the artist's gifts are at their acme
3. sense_key=height%1:07:01:: | definition=(of a standing person) the distance from head to foot | synonyms=stature
4. sense_key=height%1:07:02:: | definition=elevation especially above sea level or above the earth's surface | synonyms=altitude | examples=the altitude gave her a headache

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `height`
    *   Target surface form: `height`
    *   Context: "...The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the <t>height</t> of the financial crisis..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  Vertical dimension/distance from base to top (tallness).
        2.  Highest level or degree attainable; highest stage of development (acme, peak, pinnacle, summit).
        3.  Distance from head to foot (stature).
        4.  Elevation above sea level (altitude).

    *   The phrase is "at the height of the financial crisis".
    *   This refers to the point in time when the financial crisis was at its most intense or severe.
    *   It does not refer to physical height, stature, or altitude.
    *   It refers to the peak or climax of an event/period.

    *   Sense 1: Physical vertical dimension. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Highest level or degree attainable; peak, pinnacle, summit. (Correct - fits "at the height of the crisis")
    *   Sense 3: Human stature. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 4: Altitude. (Incorrect)

    *   Sense 2 is the only one that fits the metaphorical use of "height" to mean the peak or most intense point of a situation.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: crisis
Target surface form: crisis
Context:
The current settlements are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial <t>crisis</t>. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=crisis%1:26:00:: | definition=an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty | examples=they went bankrupt during the economic crisis
2. sense_key=crisis%1:11:00:: | definition=a crucial stage or turning point in the course of something | examples=after the crisis the patient either dies or gets better

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `crisis`
    *   Target surface form: `crisis`
    *   Context: "...The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial <t>crisis</t>. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `crisis%1:26:00::`: an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty (Example: "they went bankrupt during the economic crisis")
        2.  `crisis%1:11:00::`: a crucial stage or turning point in the course of something (Example: "after the crisis the patient either dies or gets better")

    *   The context refers to the "financial crisis" of 2008, specifically mentioning Lehman Brothers going "belly-up" (bankrupt) and the "US property bubble exploded".
    *   This describes a period of extreme economic instability and danger.

    *   Sense 1: "an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty" (Example: "economic crisis"). This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "a crucial stage or turning point" (Example: medical crisis). This does not fit the context of a systemic financial collapse.

    *   The context "financial crisis" aligns exactly with the example "economic crisis" in Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bank
Target surface form: banks
Context:
The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The <t>banks</t> battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) | examples=they pulled the canoe up on the bank; he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile | examples=a huge bank of earth
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers | examples=he operated a bank of switches
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games | examples=he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force | synonyms=cant, camber
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home | synonyms=savings bank, coin bank, money box | examples=the coin bank was empty
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building | examples=the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning) | examples=the plane went into a steep bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `bank`
    *   Target surface form: `banks`
    *   Context: "The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs... The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers... The <t>banks</t> battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  Sloping land (river bank).
        2.  Financial institution (deposits/lending).
        3.  Long ridge or pile.
        4.  Arrangement of objects in a row.
        5.  Supply/stock in reserve.
        6.  Gambling house funds.
        7.  Slope in a road/track.
        8.  Money box (container).
        9.  Bank building.
        10. Flight maneuver.

    *   The context mentions "regulator", "JPMorgan Chase", "Royal Bank of Scotland", "Goldman Sachs", "mortgage securities", "financial companies", "US investment bank", "Lehman Brothers", and "financial crisis".
    *   The target word "banks" refers to these financial entities.

    *   Sense 2: "a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities" (synonyms: depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company).
    *   Sense 9: "a building in which the business of banking transacted".

    *   The context is about the financial institutions themselves (their legal battles, their failure, their role in the crisis), not the physical buildings. Therefore, Sense 2 is the correct fit.

    *   Sense index for "a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities" is 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: wind
Target surface form: wind
Context:
The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong <t>wind</t> in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=wind%1:19:00:: | definition=air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure | synonyms=air current, current of air | examples=trees bent under the fierce winds; when there is no wind, row
2. sense_key=wind%1:19:01:: | definition=a tendency or force that influences events | examples=the winds of change
3. sense_key=wind%1:04:01:: | definition=breath | examples=the collision knocked the wind out of him
4. sense_key=wind%1:10:01:: | definition=empty rhetoric or insincere or exaggerated talk | synonyms=malarkey, malarky, idle words, jazz, nothingness | examples=that's a lot of wind; don't give me any of that jazz
5. sense_key=wind%1:10:00:: | definition=an indication of potential opportunity | synonyms=tip, lead, steer, confidential information, hint | examples=he got a tip on the stock market; a good lead for a job
6. sense_key=wind%1:06:00:: | definition=a musical instrument in which the sound is produced by an enclosed column of air that is moved by the breath | synonyms=wind instrument
7. sense_key=wind%1:04:02:: | definition=a reflex that expels intestinal gas through the anus | synonyms=fart, farting, flatus, breaking wind
8. sense_key=wind%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of winding or twisting | synonyms=winding, twist | examples=he put the key in the old clock and gave it a good wind

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `wind`
    *   Target surface form: `wind`
    *   Context: "The banks battling against a strong <t>wind</t> in the USA several years later."
    *   Surrounding context: Financial crisis, mortgage-backed securities, Lehman Brothers, lawsuits, claims for compensation.

    *   Sense 1: `air moving (sometimes with considerable force)...` (Literal wind)
    *   Sense 2: `a tendency or force that influences events` (Metaphorical wind, e.g., "winds of change")
    *   Sense 3: `breath` (Physical breath)
    *   Sense 4: `empty rhetoric or insincere or exaggerated talk` (Slang/Idiom)
    *   Sense 5: `an indication of potential opportunity` (Tip/Lead)
    *   Sense 6: `a musical instrument...` (Wind instrument)
    *   Sense 7: `a reflex that expels intestinal gas...` (Farting)
    *   Sense 8: `the act of winding or twisting` (Winding a clock)

    *   The sentence "The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later" uses "wind" metaphorically.
    *   The banks are not fighting actual air currents.
    *   They are fighting against adverse conditions, forces, or trends (lawsuits, regulatory pressure, financial instability).
    *   This fits Sense 2: "a tendency or force that influences events".

    *   Sense 1 is literal.
    *   Sense 2 is metaphorical/figurative force.
    *   The phrase "battling against a strong wind" (or "headwind") is a common financial metaphor for facing opposing forces or difficult conditions.

    *   Sense 2 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: usa
Target surface form: USA
Context:
The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the <t>USA</t> several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=usa%1:15:00:: | definition=North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776 | synonyms=United States, United States of America, America, the States, US
2. sense_key=usa%1:14:00:: | definition=the army of the United States of America; the agency that organizes and trains soldiers for land warfare | synonyms=United States Army, US Army, Army

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `usa`
    *   Target surface form: `USA`
    *   Context: "The banks battling against a strong wind in the <t>USA</t> several years later."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `usa%1:15:00::`: North American republic containing 50 states... (United States, United States of America, America, the States, US)
        2.  `usa%1:14:00::`: the army of the United States of America... (United States Army, US Army, Army)

    *   The sentence is: "The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later."
    *   The context discusses financial companies, mortgage securities, the US property bubble, Lehman Brothers, and regulators.
    *   "The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA" clearly refers to the geographical/political entity (the country) where the banks are operating, not the US Army.

    *   Sense 1: The country (United States).
    *   Sense 2: The army (US Army).

    *   The context is about the financial crisis in the United States.
    *   Sense 1 is the correct fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: year
Target surface form: years
Context:
The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several <t>years</t> later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=year%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days | synonyms=twelvemonth, yr | examples=she is 4 years old; in the year 1920
2. sense_key=year%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity | examples=a school year
3. sense_key=year%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun | examples=a Martian year takes 687 of our days
4. sense_key=year%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who graduate together | synonyms=class | examples=the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `year`
    *   Target surface form: `years`
    *   Context: "The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several <t>years</t> later."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `year%1:28:01::`: a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days (standard calendar year).
        2.  `year%1:28:02::`: a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year (e.g., school year).
        3.  `year%1:28:00::`: the period of time for a planet to revolve around the sun (astronomical year).
        4.  `year%1:14:00::`: a body of students who graduate together (class).

    *   The sentence is: "The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later."
    *   The phrase "several years later" refers to a duration of time passing after a specific event (the 2008 financial crisis mentioned in the previous sentence).
    *   This refers to the standard unit of time (365/366 days).

    *   Sense 1: Standard calendar year (365/366 days). Fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: Specific part of a year (e.g., school year). Does not fit.
    *   Sense 3: Astronomical year. While technically true, the context is financial/historical, not astronomical.
    *   Sense 4: Graduating class. Does not fit.

    *   The best fit is Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: regulator
Target surface form: regulators
Context:
The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and <t>regulators</t> have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=regulator%1:06:00:: | definition=any of various controls or devices for regulating or controlling fluid flow, pressure, temperature, etc.
2. sense_key=regulator%1:18:00:: | definition=an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest
3. sense_key=regulator%1:06:01:: | definition=a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine (as by controlling the supply of fuel) | synonyms=governor

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `regulator`
    *   Target surface form: `regulators`
    *   Context: A text about mortgage-backed securities, the 2007 property bubble, Lehman Brothers, and legal claims for compensation/punishing misconduct. Specifically: "Investors and <t>regulators</t> have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `regulator%1:06:00::`: controls/devices for fluid flow, pressure, temperature, etc. (Technical/Mechanical)
        2.  `regulator%1:18:00::`: an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest (Legal/Administrative/Financial)
        3.  `regulator%1:06:01::`: a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine (Technical/Mechanical)

    *   The context discusses financial crises, banks, investment banks, and the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA).
    *   The sentence "Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims..." refers to people or agencies that oversee the financial industry.
    *   The FHFA is explicitly mentioned as being behind the claims, and the FHFA is a regulatory agency.

    *   Sense 1: Mechanical device (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Official responsible for control/supervision (Correct)
    *   Sense 3: Machine speed control (Incorrect)

    *   The best sense is index 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: number
Target surface form: number
Context:
The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast <t>number</t> of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=number%1:07:00:: | definition=the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals | synonyms=figure | examples=he had a number of chores to do; the number of parameters is small
2. sense_key=number%1:23:00:: | definition=a concept of quantity involving zero and units | examples=every number has a unique position in the sequence
3. sense_key=number%1:10:04:: | definition=a short theatrical performance that is part of a longer program | synonyms=act, routine, turn, bit | examples=he did his act three times every evening; she had a catchy little routine
4. sense_key=number%1:10:03:: | definition=the number is used in calling a particular telephone | synonyms=phone number, telephone number | examples=he has an unlisted number
5. sense_key=number%1:10:01:: | definition=a symbol used to represent a number | synonyms=numeral | examples=he learned to write the numerals before he went to school
6. sense_key=number%1:10:00:: | definition=one of a series published periodically | synonyms=issue | examples=she found an old issue of the magazine in her dentist's waiting room
7. sense_key=number%1:14:00:: | definition=a select company of people | examples=I hope to become one of their number before I die
8. sense_key=number%1:10:02:: | definition=a numeral or string of numerals that is used for identification | synonyms=identification number | examples=she refused to give them her Social Security number
9. sense_key=number%1:07:01:: | definition=a clothing measurement | examples=a number 13 shoe
10. sense_key=number%1:10:05:: | definition=the grammatical category for the forms of nouns and pronouns and verbs that are used depending on the number of entities involved (singular or dual or plural) | examples=in English the subject and the verb must agree in number
11. sense_key=number%1:06:00:: | definition=an item of merchandise offered for sale | examples=she preferred the black nylon number; this sweater is an all-wool number

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `number`
    *   Target surface form: `number`
    *   Context: "Investors and regulators have brought a vast <t>number</t> of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct."

    *   Sense 1: `number%1:07:00::` - the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals. (Example: "he had a number of chores to do")
    *   Sense 2: `number%1:23:00::` - a concept of quantity involving zero and units. (Example: "every number has a unique position in the sequence")
    *   Sense 3: `number%1:10:04::` - a short theatrical performance.
    *   Sense 4: `number%1:10:03::` - telephone number.
    *   Sense 5: `number%1:10:01::` - a symbol used to represent a number (numeral).
    *   Sense 6: `number%1:10:00::` - one of a series published periodically (issue).
    *   Sense 7: `number%1:14:00::` - a select company of people.
    *   Sense 8: `number%1:10:02::` - a numeral used for identification.
    *   Sense 9: `number%1:07:01::` - a clothing measurement.
    *   Sense 10: `number%1:10:05::` - grammatical category.
    *   Sense 11: `number%1:06:00::` - an item of merchandise.

    *   The phrase is "a vast number of claims".
    *   This refers to a quantity of claims.
    *   Comparing this to the senses:
        *   Sense 1: "the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals" (Example: "he had a number of chores to do"). This fits perfectly. "A number of [something]" usually refers to an indefinite quantity.
        *   Sense 2: "a concept of quantity involving zero and units". This is the mathematical concept of a number. Not the case here.

    *   The usage "a vast number of claims" matches the example "he had a number of chores to do" in Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: claim
Target surface form: claims
Context:
The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of <t>claims</t> for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=claim%1:10:00:: | definition=an assertion of a right (as to money or property) | examples=his claim asked for damages
2. sense_key=claim%1:10:02:: | definition=an assertion that something is true or factual | examples=his claim that he was innocent; evidence contradicted the government's claims
3. sense_key=claim%1:04:00:: | definition=demand for something as rightful or due | examples=they struck in support of their claim for a shorter work day
4. sense_key=claim%1:07:02:: | definition=an informal right to something | synonyms=title | examples=his claim on her attentions; his title to fame
5. sense_key=claim%1:07:01:: | definition=an established or recognized right | synonyms=title | examples=a strong legal claim to the property; he had no documents confirming his title to his father's estate
6. sense_key=claim%1:10:01:: | definition=a demand especially in the phrase | synonyms=call | examples=the call of duty

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `claim`
    *   Target surface form: `claims`
    *   Context: "Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of <t>claims</t> for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims."
    *   Key phrases: "brought a vast number of claims for compensation", "punish misconduct", "Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA)".

    *   Sense 1: `claim%1:10:00::` - an assertion of a right (as to money or property). Example: "his claim asked for damages".
    *   Sense 2: `claim%1:10:02::` - an assertion that something is true or factual. Example: "his claim that he was innocent".
    *   Sense 3: `claim%1:04:00::` - demand for something as rightful or due. Example: "they struck in support of their claim for a shorter work day".
    *   Sense 4: `claim%1:07:02::` - an informal right to something.
    *   Sense 5: `claim%1:07:01::` - an established or recognized right.
    *   Sense 6: `claim%1:10:01::` - a demand especially in the phrase (call of duty).

    *   The context describes legal actions ("brought a vast number of claims") seeking "compensation" or "punishment for misconduct".
    *   This is a formal request for money/damages based on a perceived right or legal entitlement.
    *   Sense 1 ("an assertion of a right (as to money or property)") specifically mentions "damages" in its example, which aligns perfectly with "compensation".
    *   Sense 3 ("demand for something as rightful or due") is similar, but Sense 1 is more specific to the legal/financial context of asserting a right to money (damages/compensation).
    *   Sense 2 is about factual assertions (not the case here).
    *   Senses 4 and 5 are about the *right* itself (title), not the *act* of bringing a claim for compensation.
    *   Sense 6 is an idiom.

    *   Sense 1: "an assertion of a right (as to money or property)" -> Example: "his claim asked for damages".
    *   Context: "claims for compensation".
    *   "Compensation" is essentially "damages".
    *   "Brought a claim" is standard legal terminology for asserting a right to money.

    *   Sense 1 is the most precise fit for legal claims for compensation.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: compensation
Target surface form: compensation
Context:
The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for <t>compensation</t> or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=compensation%1:21:00:: | definition=something (such as money) given or received as payment or reparation (as for a service or loss or injury)
2. sense_key=compensation%1:22:00:: | definition=(psychiatry) a defense mechanism that conceals your undesirable shortcomings by exaggerating desirable behaviors
3. sense_key=compensation%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of compensating for service or loss or injury | synonyms=recompense

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `compensation`
    *   Target surface form: `compensation`
    *   Context: "Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for <t>compensation</t> or to punish misconduct."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `compensation%1:21:00::`: something (such as money) given or received as payment or reparation (as for a service or loss or injury)
        2.  `compensation%1:22:00::`: (psychiatry) a defense mechanism...
        3.  `compensation%1:04:00::`: the act of compensating for service or loss or injury | synonyms=recompense

    *   The context discusses financial companies, mortgage-backed securities, the 2007 property bubble, and claims brought by investors and regulators.
    *   "claims for compensation" refers to the money requested as reparation for losses suffered due to the financial crisis/misconduct.

    *   Sense 1: "something (such as money) given or received as payment or reparation". This fits perfectly. The "claims for compensation" are claims for the *money* (the thing given).
    *   Sense 2: Psychiatry defense mechanism. Irrelevant.
    *   Sense 3: "the act of compensating". This refers to the *process* or *action* of compensating.

    *   "Claims for compensation" usually refers to the payment itself (the reparation) rather than the act of paying.
    *   Comparing Sense 1 (the thing/money) vs Sense 3 (the act).
    *   In legal/financial contexts, "compensation" in "claims for compensation" typically refers to the monetary award (Sense 1).

    *   Sense 1: something (such as money) given or received as payment or reparation.
    *   Sense 3: the act of compensating.
    *   If you claim "compensation", you are claiming the money/reparation.

    *   Sense 1 is the most precise fit for "claims for compensation" in a financial/legal context.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: misconduct
Target surface form: misconduct
Context:
The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish <t>misconduct</t>. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=misconduct%1:04:01:: | definition=bad or dishonest management by persons supposed to act on another's behalf
2. sense_key=misconduct%1:04:00:: | definition=activity that transgresses moral or civil law | synonyms=wrongdoing, wrongful conduct, actus reus | examples=he denied any wrongdoing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `misconduct`
    *   Context: Financial crisis, mortgage-backed securities, Lehman Brothers, claims for compensation or punishment for `<t>misconduct</t>`, Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA).
    *   Candidate Senses:
        1.  `misconduct%1:04:01`: bad or dishonest management by persons supposed to act on another's behalf (fiduciary duty/professional management).
        2.  `misconduct%1:04:00`: activity that transgresses moral or civil law (general wrongdoing).

    *   The context involves financial companies, investment banks, and regulators (FHFA).
    *   The "misconduct" refers to the actions of these financial institutions/professionals regarding mortgage-backed securities.
    *   These institutions were acting on behalf of investors (fiduciary relationship) or managing assets.
    *   Sense 1 specifically mentions "bad or dishonest management by persons supposed to act on another's behalf," which fits the context of financial institutions managing securities for investors.
    *   Sense 2 is a more general term for any illegal or immoral act.

    *   While Sense 2 (general wrongdoing) is technically correct, Sense 1 is more specific to the professional/managerial context of the financial crisis (banks managing securities for others).
    *   In legal and financial contexts, "misconduct" often refers to professional misconduct or breach of fiduciary duty.
    *   Looking at the sentence: "Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct."
    *   Investors usually sue for breach of duty or mismanagement (Sense 1). Regulators punish violations of law (Sense 2).
    *   However, the specific context of "mortgage-backed securities" and "financial companies" strongly points towards the management of those assets.

    *   Sense 1: "bad or dishonest management by persons supposed to act on another's behalf"
    *   Sense 2: "activity that transgresses moral or civil law"
    *   The context is about financial institutions (banks) and their handling of mortgage securities. This is a classic case of professional/managerial misconduct.

    *   Is it just general law-breaking (Sense 2) or specifically bad management of others' assets (Sense 1)?
    *   The mention of "Investors" bringing claims suggests a breach of trust or mismanagement of their investments.
    *   The mention of "regulators" suggests a violation of rules.
    *   Sense 1 is a hyponym of Sense 2. In fine-grained WSD, the more specific sense is usually preferred if it fits.
    *   Financial misconduct in the context of investment banks and mortgage securities is almost always about the management of those assets on behalf of others.

    *   Sense 1: Professional/Fiduciary misconduct.
    *   Sense 2: General wrongdoing.
    *   Context: Investment banks, mortgage securities, investors.
    *   Conclusion: Sense 1 is the most precise fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: wave
Target surface form: wave
Context:
They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest <t>wave</t> of claims. It accuses 18 major international banks of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion dollars.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=wave%1:11:01:: | definition=one of a series of ridges that moves across the surface of a liquid (especially across a large body of water) | synonyms=moving ridge
2. sense_key=wave%1:04:02:: | definition=a movement like that of a sudden occurrence or increase in a specified phenomenon | examples=a wave of settlers; troops advancing in waves
3. sense_key=wave%1:11:00:: | definition=(physics) a movement up and down or back and forth | synonyms=undulation
4. sense_key=wave%1:11:02:: | definition=something that rises rapidly | examples=a wave of emotion swept over him; there was a sudden wave of buying before the market closed
5. sense_key=wave%1:10:01:: | definition=the act of signaling by a movement of the hand | synonyms=waving, wafture
6. sense_key=wave%1:08:00:: | definition=a hairdo that creates undulations in the hair
7. sense_key=wave%1:25:00:: | definition=an undulating curve | synonyms=undulation
8. sense_key=wave%1:19:00:: | definition=a persistent and widespread unusual weather condition (especially of unusual temperatures) | examples=a heat wave
9. sense_key=wave%1:18:00:: | definition=a member of the women's reserve of the United States Navy; originally organized during World War II but now no longer a separate branch

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `wave`
    *   Target surface form: `wave`
    *   Context: "The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest <t>wave</t> of claims."
    *   Surrounding context: Financial crisis, Lehman Brothers, claims for compensation, misconduct, mortgage transactions.

    *   Sense 1: Ridge on liquid (water wave). (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Movement like a sudden occurrence or increase in a specified phenomenon (e.g., wave of settlers, troops advancing in waves). (Strong candidate)
    *   Sense 3: Physics movement up and down/back and forth. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 4: Something that rises rapidly (e.g., wave of emotion, sudden wave of buying). (Strong candidate)
    *   Sense 5: Signaling with hand. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 6: Hairdo. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 7: Undulating curve. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 8: Weather condition (heat wave). (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 9: US Navy member. (Incorrect)

    *   Sense 2: "a movement like that of a sudden occurrence or increase in a specified phenomenon" (Examples: wave of settlers, troops advancing in waves).
    *   Sense 4: "something that rises rapidly" (Examples: wave of emotion, sudden wave of buying).

    *   The context is "the largest wave of claims."
    *   "Claims" are legal/financial actions.
    *   A "wave of claims" refers to a large number of claims occurring around the same time or as part of a trend/series.
    *   Sense 2 describes a "sudden occurrence or increase in a specified phenomenon." This fits "claims" well (a phenomenon of legal action).
    *   Sense 4 describes something that "rises rapidly," often associated with emotions or market activity ("wave of buying"). While "wave of buying" is close to "wave of claims," Sense 2's "occurrence or increase in a specified phenomenon" is a broader and more accurate description for a series of legal claims.

    *   Sense 2: "a movement like that of a sudden occurrence or increase in a specified phenomenon"
    *   Sense 4: "something that rises rapidly"
    *   Comparing "wave of settlers" (Sense 2) and "wave of buying" (Sense 4).
    *   "Wave of claims" is more like "wave of settlers" (a group/series of occurrences) than "wave of emotion" (a sudden surge of feeling).

    *   Sense 2 is the best fit for a series of events/occurrences like legal claims.