[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: charge
Target surface form: charges
Context:
US banks repay state support The crisis-hit US major banks are breaking free from their state shackles. On Wednesday Bank of America repaid the support from the bank protection fund TARP in the amount USD 45 billion (nearly EUR 30 billion) in one go. And, according to reports from US broadcaster CNBC, Citigroup is also planning to repay the state support. The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high <t>charges</t>. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=charge%1:04:01:: | definition=an impetuous rush toward someone or something | examples=the wrestler's charge carried him past his adversary; the battle began with a cavalry charge
2. sense_key=charge%1:10:00:: | definition=(criminal law) a pleading describing some wrong or offense | synonyms=complaint | examples=he was arrested on a charge of larceny
3. sense_key=charge%1:21:02:: | definition=the price charged for some article or service | examples=the admission charge
4. sense_key=charge%1:19:00:: | definition=the quantity of unbalanced electricity in a body (either positive or negative) and construed as an excess or deficiency of electrons | synonyms=electric charge | examples=the battery needed a fresh charge
5. sense_key=charge%1:04:00:: | definition=attention and management implying responsibility for safety | synonyms=care, tutelage, guardianship | examples=he is in the care of a bodyguard
6. sense_key=charge%1:04:03:: | definition=a special assignment that is given to a person or group | synonyms=mission, commission | examples=a confidential mission to London; his charge was deliver a message
7. sense_key=charge%1:18:00:: | definition=a person committed to your care | examples=the teacher led her charges across the street
8. sense_key=charge%1:21:01:: | definition=financial liabilities (such as a tax) | examples=the charges against the estate
9. sense_key=charge%1:16:00:: | definition=(psychoanalysis) the libidinal energy invested in some idea or person or object | synonyms=cathexis | examples=Freud thought of cathexis as a psychic analog of an electrical charge
10. sense_key=charge%1:12:00:: | definition=the swift release of a store of affective force | synonyms=bang, boot, rush, flush, thrill, kick | examples=they got a great bang out of it; what a boot!
11. sense_key=charge%1:10:03:: | definition=request for payment of a debt | synonyms=billing | examples=they submitted their charges at the end of each month
12. sense_key=charge%1:10:01:: | definition=a formal statement of a command or injunction to do something | synonyms=commission, direction | examples=the judge's charge to the jury
13. sense_key=charge%1:10:04:: | definition=an assertion that someone is guilty of a fault or offence | synonyms=accusation | examples=the newspaper published charges that Jones was guilty of drunken driving
14. sense_key=charge%1:06:01:: | definition=heraldry consisting of a design or image depicted on a shield | synonyms=bearing, heraldic bearing, armorial bearing
15. sense_key=charge%1:06:00:: | definition=a quantity of explosive to be set off at one time | synonyms=burster, bursting charge, explosive charge | examples=this cartridge has a powder charge of 50 grains

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `charge`
    *   Target surface form: `charges`
    *   Context: "...the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high <t>charges</t>."
    *   Surrounding context: US banks repaying state support (TARP), breaking free from restrictions (limits on bonuses, paying high charges).

    *   1: Impetuous rush (attack) - No.
    *   2: Criminal pleading (complaint) - No.
    *   3: Price charged for an article or service (e.g., admission charge) - Possible.
    *   4: Electric charge - No.
    *   5: Attention/management/responsibility - No.
    *   6: Special assignment/mission - No.
    *   7: Person committed to care - No.
    *   8: Financial liabilities (e.g., tax) - Possible.
    *   9: Psychoanalysis libidinal energy - No.
    *   10: Swift release of affective force - No.
    *   11: Request for payment of a debt (billing) - Possible.
    *   12: Formal statement of command (jury charge) - No.
    *   13: Assertion of guilt (accusation) - No.
    *   14: Heraldry design - No.
    *   15: Explosive quantity - No.

    *   The sentence discusses restrictions on banks. Specifically, "limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges."
    *   In a banking/financial context, "paying high charges" usually refers to the costs or fees associated with services or transactions.
    *   Sense 3: "the price charged for some article or service" (e.g., admission charge).
    *   Sense 8: "financial liabilities (such as a tax)".
    *   Sense 11: "request for payment of a debt" (billing).

    *   "Paying high charges" in the context of bank restrictions often refers to the fees they pay or are allowed to pay (perhaps to executives or for certain services).
    *   Comparing Sense 3 (price for service) and Sense 8 (financial liabilities).
    *   "Charges" as in "fees" fits Sense 3 best. Sense 8 is more about debts or taxes against an estate. Sense 11 is the *request* for payment (the bill itself), not the amount being paid.

    *   The context is about restrictions on spending/payments (bonuses and high charges).
    *   "Charges" here means fees or costs.
    *   Sense 3: "the price charged for some article or service". This aligns with "fees".

    *   Sense 3: price charged for some article or service.
    *   Sense 8: financial liabilities (such as a tax).
    *   Sense 11: request for payment of a debt.
    *   In the phrase "paying of high charges", "charges" refers to the fees/costs. Sense 3 is the most standard definition for "fees" in this context.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: loan
Target surface form: loans
Context:
US banks repay state support The crisis-hit US major banks are breaking free from their state shackles. On Wednesday Bank of America repaid the support from the bank protection fund TARP in the amount USD 45 billion (nearly EUR 30 billion) in one go. And, according to reports from US broadcaster CNBC, Citigroup is also planning to repay the state support. The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible <t>loans</t>. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=loan%1:21:00:: | definition=the temporary provision of money (usually at interest)
2. sense_key=loan%1:10:00:: | definition=a word borrowed from another language; e.g. `blitz' is a German word borrowed into modern English | synonyms=loanword

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `loan`
    *   Target surface form: `loans`
    *   Context: "Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible <t>loans</t>."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `loan%1:21:00::` - the temporary provision of money (usually at interest)
        2.  `loan%1:10:00::` - a word borrowed from another language (loanword)

    *   The sentence discusses Bank of America raising USD 19 billion from investors.
    *   "Convertible loans" in a financial context refers to debt instruments that can be converted into equity (shares).
    *   This clearly relates to the provision of money, not linguistics.

    *   Sense 1: Temporary provision of money. (Matches)
    *   Sense 2: Borrowed word. (Does not match)

    *   The correct sense index is 1.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rest
Target surface form: rest
Context:
The crisis-hit US major banks are breaking free from their state shackles. On Wednesday Bank of America repaid the support from the bank protection fund TARP in the amount USD 45 billion (nearly EUR 30 billion) in one go. And, according to reports from US broadcaster CNBC, Citigroup is also planning to repay the state support. The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The <t>rest</t> of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rest%1:24:00:: | definition=something left after other parts have been taken away | synonyms=remainder, balance, residual, residue, residuum | examples=there was no remainder; he threw away the rest
2. sense_key=rest%1:04:00:: | definition=freedom from activity (work or strain or responsibility) | synonyms=ease, repose, relaxation | examples=took his repose by the swimming pool
3. sense_key=rest%1:28:00:: | definition=a pause for relaxation | synonyms=respite, relief, rest period | examples=people actually accomplish more when they take time for short rests
4. sense_key=rest%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of inaction | examples=a body will continue in a state of rest until acted upon
5. sense_key=rest%1:26:01:: | definition=euphemisms for death (based on an analogy between lying in a bed and in a tomb) | synonyms=eternal rest, sleep, eternal sleep, quietus | examples=she was laid to rest beside her husband; they had to put their family pet to sleep
6. sense_key=rest%1:06:00:: | definition=a support on which things can be put | examples=the gun was steadied on a special rest
7. sense_key=rest%1:10:00:: | definition=a musical notation indicating a silence of a specified duration

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "rest"
    *   Target surface form: "rest"
    *   Context: "Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The <t>rest</t> of the amount was taken from its own kitty..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  Something left after other parts have been taken away (remainder, balance).
        2.  Freedom from activity (ease, repose).
        3.  A pause for relaxation (respite).
        4.  A state of inaction.
        5.  Euphemism for death.
        6.  A support on which things can be put.
        7.  Musical notation for silence.

    *   The sentence says: "Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors... The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty..."
    *   Here, "the rest of the amount" refers to the remaining part of the total amount needed to repay the USD 45 billion.
    *   This matches the definition of "something left after other parts have been taken away" (remainder, balance).

    *   Sense 1: "something left after other parts have been taken away" (remainder, balance). This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "freedom from activity". Not applicable.
    *   Sense 3: "a pause for relaxation". Not applicable.
    *   Sense 4: "a state of inaction". Not applicable.
    *   Sense 5: "euphemisms for death". Not applicable.
    *   Sense 6: "a support on which things can be put". Not applicable.
    *   Sense 7: "musical notation". Not applicable.

    *   The correct sense index is 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: amount
Target surface form: amount
Context:
The crisis-hit US major banks are breaking free from their state shackles. On Wednesday Bank of America repaid the support from the bank protection fund TARP in the amount USD 45 billion (nearly EUR 30 billion) in one go. And, according to reports from US broadcaster CNBC, Citigroup is also planning to repay the state support. The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the <t>amount</t> was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=amount%1:21:00:: | definition=a quantity of money | synonyms=sum, sum of money, amount of money | examples=he borrowed a large sum; the amount he had in cash was insufficient
2. sense_key=amount%1:07:00:: | definition=the relative magnitude of something with reference to a criterion | examples=an adequate amount of food for four people
3. sense_key=amount%1:03:00:: | definition=how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify | synonyms=measure, quantity
4. sense_key=amount%1:09:00:: | definition=a quantity obtained by the addition of a group of numbers | synonyms=sum, total

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `amount`
    *   Target surface form: `amount`
    *   Context: "Bank of America repaid the support from the bank protection fund TARP in the amount USD 45 billion... Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the <t>amount</t> was taken from its own kitty..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `amount%1:21:00::`: a quantity of money (synonyms: sum, sum of money, amount of money)
        2.  `amount%1:07:00::`: the relative magnitude of something with reference to a criterion
        3.  `amount%1:03:00::`: how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify (synonyms: measure, quantity)
        4.  `amount%1:09:00::`: a quantity obtained by the addition of a group of numbers (synonyms: sum, total)

    *   The sentence is: "The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty..."
    *   The "amount" refers back to the "USD 45 billion" mentioned earlier.
    *   USD 45 billion is a quantity of money.

    *   Sense 1: "a quantity of money" (sum, sum of money). This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "relative magnitude... with reference to a criterion". Not applicable.
    *   Sense 3: "how much there is... of something that you can quantify". This is a general sense of quantity.
    *   Sense 4: "a quantity obtained by the addition of a group of numbers". While 45 billion is a number, the context is about the money itself, not the mathematical operation of addition.

    *   Sense 1 is the most specific and accurate for "USD 45 billion".

    *   The target word "amount" refers to the money (USD 45 billion).
    *   Sense 1 specifically defines "amount" as "a quantity of money".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sale
Target surface form: sale
Context:
The crisis-hit US major banks are breaking free from their state shackles. On Wednesday Bank of America repaid the support from the bank protection fund TARP in the amount USD 45 billion (nearly EUR 30 billion) in one go. And, according to reports from US broadcaster CNBC, Citigroup is also planning to repay the state support. The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the <t>sale</t> of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sale%1:04:00:: | definition=a particular instance of selling | examples=he has just made his first sale; they had to complete the sale before the banks closed
2. sense_key=sale%1:04:02:: | definition=the general activity of selling | examples=they tried to boost sales; laws limit the sale of handguns
3. sense_key=sale%1:04:01:: | definition=an occasion (usually brief) for buying at specially reduced prices | synonyms=cut-rate sale, sales event | examples=they held a sale to reduce their inventory; I got some great bargains at their annual sale
4. sense_key=sale%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being purchasable; offered or exhibited for selling | examples=you'll find vitamin C for sale at most pharmacies; the new line of cars will soon be on sale
5. sense_key=sale%1:10:00:: | definition=an agreement (or contract) in which property is transferred from the seller (vendor) to the buyer (vendee) for a fixed price in money (paid or agreed to be paid by the buyer) | synonyms=sales agreement | examples=the salesman faxed the sales agreement to his home office

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `sale`
    *   Target surface form: `sale`
    *   Context: "...The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the <t>sale</t> of business units."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `sale%1:04:00::`: a particular instance of selling (e.g., "made his first sale", "complete the sale before the banks closed").
        2.  `sale%1:04:02::`: the general activity of selling (e.g., "boost sales", "laws limit the sale of handguns").
        3.  `sale%1:04:01::`: an occasion for buying at reduced prices (e.g., "annual sale").
        4.  `sale%1:26:00::`: the state of being purchasable (e.g., "for sale").
        5.  `sale%1:10:00::`: an agreement/contract for property transfer (e.g., "sales agreement").

    *   The sentence says: "...which was well filled through the sale of business units."
    *   Bank of America sold off business units to raise money.
    *   This refers to the act or instance of selling those specific business units.

    *   Sense 3 (reduced prices) is incorrect.
    *   Sense 4 (state of being purchasable) is incorrect.
    *   Sense 5 (the contract/agreement) is too narrow; it's not talking about the contract itself, but the transaction/act of selling.
    *   Sense 2 (general activity) refers to "sales" in a broad sense (e.g., "boosting sales").
    *   Sense 1 (particular instance of selling) fits best. The bank sold specific business units. This is a particular instance (or set of instances) of selling assets.

    *   "the sale of business units" -> The act of selling these units.
    *   Sense 1: "a particular instance of selling".
    *   Sense 2: "the general activity of selling".
    *   Comparing 1 and 2: "The sale of business units" usually refers to the specific transaction(s) that occurred to raise the money, rather than the general concept of selling things.

    *   Sense 1: "they had to complete the sale before the banks closed" (Specific transaction).
    *   Sense 2: "laws limit the sale of handguns" (General activity/category).
    *   In the context "the sale of business units", it's more like "the transaction of selling business units" to raise a specific amount of money.

    *   Sense 1: a particular instance of selling.
    *   Sense 2: the general activity of selling.
    *   The context "well filled through the sale of business units" implies the specific action/event of selling those units.

    *   Wait, let me re-read Sense 2: "the general activity of selling". Example: "laws limit the sale of handguns".
    *   Let me re-read Sense 1: "a particular instance of selling". Example: "complete the sale before the banks closed".
    *   "The sale of business units" in this context refers to the specific divestments the bank made. This aligns better with Sense 1.

    *   Sense 1: a particular instance of selling.
    *   Sense 2: the general activity of selling.
    *   Sense 3: reduced prices.
    *   Sense 4: for sale.
    *   Sense 5: sales agreement.

    The bank sold business units. This is a specific instance (or a series of specific instances) of selling assets.

    *Self-Correction:* Is it "the general activity of selling business units"? No, it's the specific act that filled the "kitty".

    Let's check Sense 1 again: "a particular instance of selling".
    Let's check Sense 2 again: "the general activity of selling".

    If I say "the sale of the house", that's Sense 1.
    If I say "the sale of alcohol is prohibited", that's Sense 2.
    "The sale of business units" (to raise money) is more like "the sale of the house".

    Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bank
Target surface form: Bank
Context:
On Wednesday Bank of America repaid the support from the bank protection fund TARP in the amount USD 45 billion (nearly EUR 30 billion) in one go. And, according to reports from US broadcaster CNBC, Citigroup is also planning to repay the state support. The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. <t>Bank</t> head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) | examples=they pulled the canoe up on the bank; he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile | examples=a huge bank of earth
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers | examples=he operated a bank of switches
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games | examples=he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force | synonyms=cant, camber
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home | synonyms=savings bank, coin bank, money box | examples=the coin bank was empty
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building | examples=the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning) | examples=the plane went into a steep bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "bank"
    *   Target surface form: "Bank"
    *   Context: "Bank of America repaid the support... <t>Bank</t> head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks..."
    *   The target word "Bank" appears in the phrase "Bank head Kenneth Lewis".

    *   Sense 1: Sloping land (river bank).
    *   Sense 2: Financial institution (depository, banking company).
    *   Sense 3: Long ridge or pile (earth bank).
    *   Sense 4: Arrangement of similar objects (bank of switches).
    *   Sense 5: Supply or stock held in reserve.
    *   Sense 6: Funds held by a gambling house.
    *   Sense 7: Slope in a road/track (cant, camber).
    *   Sense 8: Container for keeping money at home (piggy bank).
    *   Sense 9: Building where banking is transacted.
    *   Sense 10: Flight maneuver.

    *   The context discusses "Bank of America", "TARP", "Citigroup", "financial crisis", and "investment bank Merrill Lynch".
    *   The specific phrase is "<t>Bank</t> head Kenneth Lewis".
    *   Kenneth Lewis was the CEO of Bank of America.
    *   In this context, "Bank" refers to the financial institution (Bank of America).

    *   Sense 2: "a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities" (synonyms: depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company).
    *   Sense 9: "a building in which the business of banking transacted".
    *   The context refers to the organization/institution, not the physical building.

    *   Sense 2 is the correct fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bank
Target surface form: bank
Context:
And, according to reports from US broadcaster CNBC, Citigroup is also planning to repay the state support. The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The <t>bank</t> overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) | examples=they pulled the canoe up on the bank; he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile | examples=a huge bank of earth
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers | examples=he operated a bank of switches
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games | examples=he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force | synonyms=cant, camber
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home | synonyms=savings bank, coin bank, money box | examples=the coin bank was empty
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building | examples=the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning) | examples=the plane went into a steep bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `bank`
    *   Target surface form: `bank`
    *   Context: "The <t>bank</t> overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch."
    *   Surrounding context: Mentions "Citigroup", "Bank of America", "manager bonuses", "investors", "convertible loans", "Bank head Kenneth Lewis", "American taxpayer", "financial crisis", "investment bank Merrill Lynch".

    *   1: sloping land (river bank)
    *   2: financial institution (deposits, lending)
    *   3: long ridge or pile (earth bank)
    *   4: arrangement of similar objects (bank of switches)
    *   5: supply or stock held in reserve
    *   6: funds held by a gambling house
    *   7: slope in the turn of a road
    *   8: container for keeping money at home (piggy bank)
    *   9: building in which banking is transacted
    *   10: flight maneuver

    *   The context is clearly about financial institutions (Citigroup, Bank of America, Merrill Lynch).
    *   The sentence "The bank overstretched..." refers to Bank of America (mentioned in the previous sentence).
    *   Sense 2 ("a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities") fits perfectly.

    *   Sense 2: financial institution.
    *   Sense 9: bank building. (The text is about the institution's actions, not a physical building).
    *   Sense 5: supply/stock. (Not applicable).

    *   The target word "bank" refers to the financial institution Bank of America.
    *   Sense index 2 is the correct match.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: height
Target surface form: height
Context:
And, according to reports from US broadcaster CNBC, Citigroup is also planning to repay the state support. The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the <t>height</t> of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=height%1:07:00:: | definition=the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top | synonyms=tallness
2. sense_key=height%1:26:00:: | definition=the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development | synonyms=acme, elevation, peak, pinnacle, summit, superlative | examples=his landscapes were deemed the acme of beauty; the artist's gifts are at their acme
3. sense_key=height%1:07:01:: | definition=(of a standing person) the distance from head to foot | synonyms=stature
4. sense_key=height%1:07:02:: | definition=elevation especially above sea level or above the earth's surface | synonyms=altitude | examples=the altitude gave her a headache

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `height`
    *   Target surface form: `height`
    *   Context: "The bank overstretched at the <t>height</t> of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  Vertical dimension/distance from base to top (tallness).
        2.  Highest level or degree attainable; highest stage of development (acme, peak, pinnacle, summit).
        3.  Distance from head to foot (stature).
        4.  Elevation above sea level (altitude).

    *   The phrase is "at the height of the financial crisis".
    *   This refers to the point in time when the financial crisis was at its most intense or severe.
    *   It does not refer to physical height, stature, or altitude.
    *   It refers to the peak or the most intense period of an event.

    *   Sense 1: Physical vertical dimension. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Highest level or degree attainable; highest stage of development. Synonyms: acme, peak, pinnacle, summit. (Correct - "height of the crisis" means the peak of the crisis).
    *   Sense 3: Person's height. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 4: Altitude. (Incorrect)

    *   Sense 2 fits perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: crisis
Target surface form: crisis
Context:
And, according to reports from US broadcaster CNBC, Citigroup is also planning to repay the state support. The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial <t>crisis</t> by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=crisis%1:26:00:: | definition=an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty | examples=they went bankrupt during the economic crisis
2. sense_key=crisis%1:11:00:: | definition=a crucial stage or turning point in the course of something | examples=after the crisis the patient either dies or gets better

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `crisis`
    *   Target surface form: `crisis`
    *   Context: "...The bank overstretched at the height of the financial <t>crisis</t> by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `crisis%1:26:00::`: an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty (Example: "they went bankrupt during the economic crisis")
        2.  `crisis%1:11:00::`: a crucial stage or turning point in the course of something (Example: "after the crisis the patient either dies or gets better")

    *   The context mentions "financial crisis", "Bank of America", "Citigroup", "state support", "manager bonuses", and "taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch".
    *   This clearly refers to a period of severe economic instability (the 2008 financial crisis).

    *   Sense 1: "an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty" (Example: "economic crisis"). This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "a crucial stage or turning point" (Example: medical crisis). This does not fit the context of a financial crisis.

    *   The best sense is Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: investment
Target surface form: investment
Context:
And, according to reports from US broadcaster CNBC, Citigroup is also planning to repay the state support. The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the <t>investment</t> bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=investment%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of investing; laying out money or capital in an enterprise with the expectation of profit | synonyms=investing
2. sense_key=investment%1:21:00:: | definition=money that is invested with an expectation of profit | synonyms=investment funds
3. sense_key=investment%1:07:00:: | definition=the commitment of something other than money (time, energy, or effort) to a project with the expectation of some worthwhile result | examples=this job calls for the investment of some hard thinking; he made an emotional investment in the work
4. sense_key=investment%1:05:00:: | definition=outer layer or covering of an organ or part or organism
5. sense_key=investment%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of putting on robes or vestments
6. sense_key=investment%1:04:02:: | definition=the ceremonial act of clothing someone in the insignia of an office; the formal promotion of a person to an office or rank | synonyms=investiture

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `investment`
    *   Target surface form: `investment`
    *   Context: "...The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the <t>investment</t> bank Merrill Lynch."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `investment%1:04:00::`: the act of investing; laying out money or capital in an enterprise with the expectation of profit.
        2.  `investment%1:21:00::`: money that is invested with an expectation of profit.
        3.  `investment%1:07:00::`: the commitment of something other than money (time, energy, or effort).
        4.  `investment%1:05:00::`: outer layer or covering of an organ.
        5.  `investment%1:04:01::`: the act of putting on robes.
        6.  `investment%1:04:02::`: the ceremonial act of clothing someone in insignia.

    *   The phrase is "investment bank".
    *   An "investment bank" is a specific type of financial institution that deals with complex financial transactions (like underwriting, M&A, etc.), which is fundamentally based on the act of investing capital for profit.
    *   Looking at the senses:
        *   Sense 1: "the act of investing; laying out money or capital in an enterprise with the expectation of profit".
        *   Sense 2: "money that is invested with an expectation of profit".
    *   In the compound noun "investment bank", "investment" describes the *type* of banking. Banking based on the *act* of investing (Sense 1) rather than the *money* itself (Sense 2).
    *   Wait, let's re-evaluate. In "investment bank", "investment" is used as an attributive noun. It refers to the activity of investing.
    *   Sense 1: "the act of investing".
    *   Sense 2: "money that is invested".
    *   An investment bank is a bank that engages in the *act* of investing/investing services.

    *   Sense 1: Act of investing.
    *   Sense 2: The money invested.
    *   Sense 3: Non-monetary commitment.
    *   Sense 4: Biological covering.
    *   Sense 5: Putting on robes.
    *   Sense 6: Ceremonial clothing.

    "Investment bank" refers to a bank that specializes in the *act* of investing (Sense 1).

    *Self-Correction/Refinement:*
    Is "investment bank" a specific term that maps better to Sense 1 or Sense 2?
    An investment bank helps companies raise capital (investing) and provides advice on mergers. This is the *activity* of investing.
    Sense 1: "the act of investing; laying out money or capital in an enterprise with the expectation of profit".
    Sense 2: "money that is invested with an expectation of profit".
    The bank is not "money that is invested"; it is a bank that performs the "act of investing".

    Therefore, Sense 1 is the most appropriate.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bank
Target surface form: bank
Context:
And, according to reports from US broadcaster CNBC, Citigroup is also planning to repay the state support. The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment <t>bank</t> Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) | examples=they pulled the canoe up on the bank; he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile | examples=a huge bank of earth
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers | examples=he operated a bank of switches
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games | examples=he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force | synonyms=cant, camber
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home | synonyms=savings bank, coin bank, money box | examples=the coin bank was empty
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building | examples=the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning) | examples=the plane went into a steep bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `bank`
    *   Target surface form: `bank`
    *   Context: "...The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment <t>bank</t> Merrill Lynch."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  Sloping land (river bank).
        2.  Financial institution (deposits/lending).
        3.  Long ridge or pile.
        4.  Arrangement of similar objects.
        5.  Supply or stock in reserve.
        6.  Gambling house funds.
        7.  Slope in a road/track.
        8.  Money container (piggy bank).
        9.  Bank building.
        10. Flight maneuver.

    *   The sentence is: "The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment <t>bank</t> Merrill Lynch."
    *   The context mentions "Citigroup", "Bank of America", "financial crisis", "investment bank", and "Merrill Lynch".
    *   Merrill Lynch is a well-known financial institution.
    *   The term "investment bank" refers to a specific type of financial institution.

    *   Sense 2: "a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities" (synonyms: depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company).
    *   While "investment bank" is slightly different from a "depository financial institution" (investment banks don't typically take deposits in the same way retail banks do), in the context of WordNet's general senses for "bank", Sense 2 is the only one that refers to the financial institution as an organization.

    *   Sense 9 refers to the *building*.
    *   Sense 2 refers to the *institution*.
    *   Merrill Lynch is an institution, not a building.

    *   The target word "bank" in "investment bank Merrill Lynch" clearly refers to the financial institution.
    *   Sense 2 is the correct match.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cash
Target surface form: cash
Context:
The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise <t>cash</t> on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state. Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a capital increase of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to circles.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cash%1:21:00:: | definition=money in the form of bills or coins | synonyms=hard cash, hard currency | examples=there is a desperate shortage of hard cash
2. sense_key=cash%1:21:02:: | definition=prompt payment for goods or services in currency or by check | synonyms=immediate payment
3. sense_key=cash%1:18:00:: | definition=United States country music singer and songwriter (1932-2003) | synonyms=Johnny Cash, John Cash

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `cash`
    *   Target surface form: `cash`
    *   Context: "Citigroup also plans to raise <t>cash</t> on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state."
    *   Surrounding context: Mentions of "institutions", "money", "Bank of America", "investors", "convertible loans", "capital increase", "USD 20 billion".

    *   Sense 1: `cash%1:21:00::` - money in the form of bills or coins (hard cash, hard currency).
    *   Sense 2: `cash%1:21:02::` - prompt payment for goods or services in currency or by check (immediate payment).
    *   Sense 3: `cash%1:18:00::` - United States country music singer and songwriter (Johnny Cash).

    *   The context is about a bank (Citigroup) raising money on the capital market to pay off liabilities.
    *   Sense 3 (Johnny Cash) is obviously incorrect.
    *   Sense 2 (prompt payment) refers to the *act* of paying immediately (e.g., "pay cash for the car"). This doesn't fit "raise cash on the capital market".
    *   Sense 1 (money in the form of bills or coins) is the general term for liquid assets/money. While "bills or coins" is a literal definition, in financial contexts, "cash" often refers to liquid funds or money in general.

    *   "Raise cash" is a common financial idiom meaning to obtain liquid funds.
    *   Sense 1 is the only one that refers to the substance (money) rather than the action (payment) or a person.

    *   Sense 1: money in the form of bills or coins.
    *   Sense 2: prompt payment.
    *   Sense 3: Johnny Cash.
    *   The target "cash" in "raise cash" refers to the money itself.

    *   Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: liability
Target surface form: liabilities
Context:
The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its <t>liabilities</t> with the state. Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a capital increase of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to circles.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=liability%1:26:01:: | definition=the state of being legally obliged and responsible
2. sense_key=liability%1:26:00:: | definition=an obligation to pay money to another party | synonyms=indebtedness, financial obligation
3. sense_key=liability%1:07:00:: | definition=the quality of being something that holds you back

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `liability`
    *   Target surface form: `liabilities`
    *   Context: "Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its <t>liabilities</t> with the state."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses banks (Bank of America, Citigroup), raising cash, convertible loans, capital increases, and the financial crisis.

    *   Sense 1: `liability%1:26:01::` - the state of being legally obliged and responsible. (Legal responsibility/status)
    *   Sense 2: `liability%1:26:00::` - an obligation to pay money to another party | synonyms=indebtedness, financial obligation. (Financial debt)
    *   Sense 3: `liability%1:07:00::` - the quality of being something that holds you back. (A disadvantage/burden)

    *   The sentence says Citigroup plans to "raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state."
    *   "Raise cash" strongly suggests that the "liabilities" are financial debts or obligations to pay money back to the state (likely government bailouts from the financial crisis).
    *   Sense 2 specifically mentions "obligation to pay money to another party" and "indebtedness." This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 1 is more about the *state* of being responsible (e.g., "limited liability"), not the specific debts themselves.
    *   Sense 3 is about a general disadvantage (e.g., "his temper was a liability"), which doesn't fit the financial context of raising cash to pay them off.

    *   Sense 2 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: state
Target surface form: state
Context:
The institutions thereby want to wiggle themselves free from the restrictions going hand-in-hand with the acceptance of the money, such as the limits on manager bonuses and the paying of high charges. Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the <t>state</t>. Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a capital increase of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to circles.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=state%1:15:01:: | definition=the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation | synonyms=province | examples=his state is in the deep south
2. sense_key=state%1:03:00:: | definition=the way something is with respect to its main attributes | examples=the current state of knowledge; his state of health
3. sense_key=state%1:14:01:: | definition=the group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state | examples=the state has lowered its income tax
4. sense_key=state%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=nation, country, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
5. sense_key=state%1:26:02:: | definition=(chemistry) the three traditional states of matter are solids (fixed shape and volume) and liquids (fixed volume and shaped by the container) and gases (filling the container) | synonyms=state of matter | examples=the solid state of water is called ice
6. sense_key=state%1:26:01:: | definition=a state of depression or agitation | examples=he was in such a state you just couldn't reason with him
7. sense_key=state%1:15:00:: | definition=the territory occupied by a nation | synonyms=country, land | examples=he returned to the land of his birth; he visited several European countries
8. sense_key=state%1:14:02:: | definition=the federal department in the United States that sets and maintains foreign policies | synonyms=Department of State, United States Department of State, State Department, DoS | examples=the Department of State was created in 1789

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `state`
    *   Target surface form: `state`
    *   Context: "Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the <t>state</t>."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses banks (Bank of America, Citigroup), financial crises, government money (American taxpayer), and liabilities.

    *   Sense 1: Territory of an administrative district (province).
    *   Sense 2: Way something is (condition/status).
    *   Sense 3: The group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state (the government).
    *   Sense 4: A politically organized body of people under a single government (nation/country).
    *   Sense 5: State of matter (chemistry).
    *   Sense 6: State of depression or agitation.
    *   Sense 7: Territory occupied by a nation.
    *   Sense 8: US Department of State.

    *   The sentence is "free itself from its liabilities with the state."
    *   In this context, "the state" refers to the entity that provided the funds (the government) and to whom the bank owes money (liabilities).
    *   Comparing Sense 3 (the government) and Sense 4 (the nation/country):
        *   Sense 3: "the group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state" (e.g., "the state has lowered its income tax").
        *   Sense 4: "a politically organized body of people under a single government" (e.g., "the state has elected a new president").
    *   When talking about financial liabilities, debts, and government bailouts (mentioned earlier as "American taxpayer"), "the state" usually refers to the government as the administrative/financial entity.

    *   Sense 3 specifically refers to the government as the entity that manages taxes, laws, and finances.
    *   Sense 4 is more about the nation as a whole (the people and the territory).
    *   "Liabilities with the state" means debts owed to the government.

    *   Sense 3: "the group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state"
    *   Sense 4: "a politically organized body of people under a single government"
    *   In the context of "liabilities with the state," the bank owes money to the government (the administrative body), not the abstract concept of the nation or the people. Sense 3 is the most precise fit for the government as a financial actor.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bank
Target surface form: bank
Context:
Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state. Already on Thursday, the US <t>bank</t> was able to announce a capital increase of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to circles. A Citigroup spokesman declined to comment.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) | examples=they pulled the canoe up on the bank; he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile | examples=a huge bank of earth
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers | examples=he operated a bank of switches
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games | examples=he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force | synonyms=cant, camber
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home | synonyms=savings bank, coin bank, money box | examples=the coin bank was empty
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building | examples=the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning) | examples=the plane went into a steep bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `bank`
    *   Target surface form: `bank`
    *   Context: "Already on Thursday, the US <t>bank</t> was able to announce a capital increase of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to circles."
    *   Surrounding context: Mentions "Bank of America", "investors", "convertible loans", "investment bank Merrill Lynch", "Citigroup", "capital market", "liabilities with the state".

    *   1: sloping land (river bank)
    *   2: financial institution (depository, banking company)
    *   3: long ridge or pile (earth bank)
    *   4: arrangement of similar objects (bank of switches)
    *   5: supply or stock held in reserve
    *   6: funds held by a gambling house
    *   7: slope in the turn of a road
    *   8: container for keeping money at home (piggy bank)
    *   9: building in which banking is transacted
    *   10: flight maneuver

    *   The context is clearly about financial institutions (Bank of America, Citigroup).
    *   The specific sentence refers to "the US bank" (referring back to Citigroup) announcing a "capital increase".
    *   This fits perfectly with sense 2: "a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities".

    *   Sense 2 is the standard meaning for a financial organization.
    *   Sense 9 is specifically the *building*. The text is talking about the organization's ability to raise capital, not a physical building.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: capital
Target surface form: capital
Context:
Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state. Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a <t>capital</t> increase of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to circles. A Citigroup spokesman declined to comment.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=capital%1:21:01:: | definition=assets available for use in the production of further assets | synonyms=working capital
2. sense_key=capital%1:21:00:: | definition=wealth in the form of money or property owned by a person or business and human resources of economic value
3. sense_key=capital%1:15:00:: | definition=a seat of government
4. sense_key=capital%1:10:00:: | definition=one of the large alphabetic characters used as the first letter in writing or printing proper names and sometimes for emphasis | synonyms=capital letter, uppercase, upper-case letter, majuscule | examples=printers once kept the type for capitals and for small letters in separate cases; capitals were kept in the upper half of the type case and so became known as upper-case letters
5. sense_key=capital%1:15:01:: | definition=a center that is associated more than any other with some activity or product | examples=the crime capital of Italy; the drug capital of Columbia
6. sense_key=capital%1:14:00:: | definition=the federal government of the United States | synonyms=Washington
7. sense_key=capital%1:10:01:: | definition=a book written by Karl Marx (1867) describing his economic theories | synonyms=Das Kapital
8. sense_key=capital%1:06:00:: | definition=the upper part of a column that supports the entablature | synonyms=chapiter, cap

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `capital`
    *   Target surface form: `capital`
    *   Context: "Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a <t>capital</t> increase of some USD 20 billion..."
    *   Surrounding context: Bank of America, Citigroup, raising cash, convertible loans, investment bank, liabilities, capital market.

    *   Sense 1: `assets available for use in the production of further assets` (working capital).
    *   Sense 2: `wealth in the form of money or property owned by a person or business and human resources of economic value`.
    *   Sense 3: `a seat of government`.
    *   Sense 4: `one of the large alphabetic characters...` (uppercase).
    *   Sense 5: `a center that is associated more than any other with some activity or product`.
    *   Sense 6: `the federal government of the United States`.
    *   Sense 7: `a book written by Karl Marx`.
    *   Sense 8: `the upper part of a column`.

    *   The context is about banks (Bank of America, Citigroup) raising money to cover liabilities and strengthen their financial position.
    *   "capital increase" in a banking context refers to increasing the amount of equity/wealth the bank holds to ensure stability and meet regulatory requirements.
    *   Sense 1 (working capital) is more about the liquid assets used in day-to-day operations.
    *   Sense 2 (wealth in the form of money or property owned by a person or business) is a broader definition of financial capital, which fits "capital increase" (increasing the equity/wealth of the business).

    *   Sense 1: "assets available for use in the production of further assets" (working capital).
    *   Sense 2: "wealth in the form of money or property owned by a person or business..."
    *   In banking, a "capital increase" (capital raise) typically refers to increasing the equity (Sense 2) rather than just working capital (Sense 1).

    *   Sense 2 is the most general and accurate description of the financial capital a bank increases through investor loans or stock issuance.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: increase
Target surface form: increase
Context:
Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state. Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a capital <t>increase</t> of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to circles. A Citigroup spokesman declined to comment.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=increase%1:23:00:: | definition=a quantity that is added | synonyms=addition, gain | examples=there was an addition to property taxes this year; they recorded the cattle's gain in weight over a period of weeks
2. sense_key=increase%1:11:00:: | definition=a change resulting in an increase | examples=the increase is scheduled for next month
3. sense_key=increase%1:22:00:: | definition=a process of becoming larger or longer or more numerous or more important | synonyms=increment, growth | examples=the increase in unemployment; the growth of population
4. sense_key=increase%1:07:00:: | definition=the amount by which something increases | synonyms=increment | examples=they proposed an increase of 15 percent in the fare
5. sense_key=increase%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of increasing something | synonyms=step-up | examples=he gave me an increase in salary

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `increase`
    *   Target surface form: `increase`
    *   Context: "Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a capital <t>increase</t> of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to circles."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `increase%1:23:00::`: a quantity that is added (synonyms: addition, gain)
        2.  `increase%1:11:00::`: a change resulting in an increase
        3.  `increase%1:22:00::`: a process of becoming larger or longer or more numerous or more important (synonyms: increment, growth)
        4.  `increase%1:07:00::`: the amount by which something increases (synonyms: increment)
        5.  `increase%1:04:00::`: the act of increasing something (synonyms: step-up)

    *   The sentence is: "the US bank was able to announce a capital increase of some USD 20 billion".
    *   "Capital increase" in a financial context refers to raising more capital (equity/funds).
    *   The phrase "of some USD 20 billion" specifies the *amount* of the increase.

    *   Sense 1: "a quantity that is added" (addition, gain). This fits well. A capital increase of $20 billion is a quantity added to the capital.
    *   Sense 2: "a change resulting in an increase". This is more about the *event* or *result* of the change.
    *   Sense 3: "a process of becoming larger...". This is about the *process* (growth).
    *   Sense 4: "the amount by which something increases". This also fits very well. "A capital increase of some USD 20 billion" describes the amount.
    *   Sense 5: "the act of increasing something". This is the *action* of raising the capital.

    *   Sense 1 (quantity added) vs. Sense 4 (amount by which something increases).
    *   In "a capital increase of some USD 20 billion", is "increase" the *amount* (Sense 4) or the *quantity added* (Sense 1)?
    *   Let's look at the examples:
        *   Sense 1: "addition to property taxes", "cattle's gain in weight".
        *   Sense 4: "an increase of 15 percent in the fare".
    *   "A capital increase of some USD 20 billion" is structurally very similar to "an increase of 15 percent in the fare". Both specify the magnitude of the increase.
    *   Wait, let's re-examine Sense 1: "a quantity that is added". A capital increase is essentially adding more capital.
    *   Let's look at Sense 4 again: "the amount by which something increases".
    *   In financial terminology, a "capital increase" (Kapitalerhöhung in German, which this text seems to be translated from, given the phrasing "circles" and "kitty") refers to the act of increasing the share capital.
    *   However, the phrase "a capital increase of some USD 20 billion" focuses on the *amount* of that increase.
    *   Let's compare Sense 1 and Sense 4 again.
        *   Sense 1: addition, gain.
        *   Sense 4: increment.
    *   If I say "the increase was $20 billion", I am talking about the amount.
    *   If I say "they announced a capital increase of $20 billion", "capital increase" is the noun phrase.
    *   Is "capital increase" the *act* (Sense 5), the *amount* (Sense 4), or the *quantity added* (Sense 1)?
    *   Usually, "a capital increase" refers to the corporate action (the act of increasing capital). But the "of some USD 20 billion" modifies it to specify the amount.
    *   Let's look at Sense 4's example: "an increase of 15 percent in the fare". This is almost identical in structure to "a capital increase of some USD 20 billion".

    *   Sense 1: "a quantity that is added" (addition, gain).
    *   Sense 4: "the amount by which something increases" (increment).
    *   In "a capital increase of some USD 20 billion", the "increase" is the amount.
    *   Let's check Sense 5: "the act of increasing something". "The bank announced a capital increase" (the act). "The bank announced a capital increase of $20 billion" (the act, specified by the amount).
    *   Wait, if the bank *announces* a capital increase, they are announcing the *action* they are taking.
    *   Let's re-read: "the US bank was able to announce a capital increase of some USD 20 billion".
    *   If you announce an "increase of 15 percent", you are announcing the amount.
    *   If you announce a "capital increase", you are announcing the corporate action.
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 4: "increment".
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 1: "addition, gain".
    *   In financial contexts, "capital increase" is often used as a term for the *action* of issuing more shares.
    *   However, the prompt asks for the best sense among the provided options.
    *   Sense 4: "the amount by which something increases".
    *   Sense 1: "a quantity that is added".
    *   Sense 5: "the act of increasing something".
    *   If the bank announces a "capital increase of $20 billion", they are announcing that they are increasing their capital by that amount. The "increase" here is the amount.
    *   Let's compare "an increase of 15 percent" (Sense 4) with "a capital increase of $20 billion". They are structurally identical.

    *   Sense 1: "a quantity that is added" (addition, gain).
    *   Sense 4: "the amount by which something increases" (increment).
    *   Is there a difference? "A quantity that is added" (Sense 1) is the *thing* added. "The amount by which something increases" (Sense 4) is the *measure* of the increase.
    *   $20 billion is the amount.
    *   Let's look at the examples again.
        *   Sense 1: "addition to property taxes", "gain in weight".
        *   Sense 4: "increase of 15 percent in the fare".
    *   "Capital increase of $20 billion" fits Sense 4's "increase of 15 percent" pattern perfectly.

    *   Sense 5: "the act of increasing something".
    *   Could "capital increase" be the act? Yes. "The bank announced a capital increase."
    *   But "a capital increase of $20 billion" emphasizes the amount.
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 4 vs Sense 1.
    *   Sense 4: "the amount by which something increases".
    *   Sense 1: "a quantity that is added".
    *   In "a capital increase of $20 billion", the $20 billion is the amount.
    *   Let's try to see if "capital increase" is a compound noun. If "capital increase" is the noun, "increase" is the head.
    *   If I say "a salary increase of $500", is that the act (Sense 5) or the amount (Sense 4)?
    *   Usually, "a salary increase" is the act/event, but "an increase of $500" is the amount.
    *   Wait, Sense 5 example: "he gave me an increase in salary". This is very similar to "a capital increase".
    *   Let's look at Sense 5 again: "the act of increasing something".
    *   If the bank *announces* a capital increase, they are announcing the *action* of raising capital.
    *   Let's compare:
        *   "The bank announced a capital increase." (Act - Sense 5)
        *   "The bank announced an increase of $20 billion in its capital." (Amount - Sense 4)
        *   "The bank announced a capital increase of $20 billion." (This is a hybrid).
    *   In "a capital increase of $20 billion", "capital increase" is a common financial term for the process/act of raising capital.
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 5: "step-up".
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 4: "increment".
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 1: "addition, gain".
    *   Actually, "capital increase" (Kapitalerhöhung) is the *act* of increasing the capital.
    *   Let's re-read Sense 4: "the amount by which something increases".
    *   If the sentence was "The increase was $20 billion", it would be Sense 4.
    *   If the sentence is "The bank announced a capital increase of $20 billion", the bank is announcing the *action* (the capital increase), and the "$20 billion" is the size of that action.
    *   Wait, let's look at Sense 5's example: "he gave me an increase in salary". This is almost exactly "a capital increase".
    *   Let's compare "an increase in salary" (Sense 5) and "a capital increase" (Target).
    *   Both refer to the event/act of increasing a specific value (salary/capital).

    *   Sense 4: "the amount by which something increases" (Example: "increase of 15 percent in the fare").
    *   Sense 5: "the act of increasing something" (Example: "increase in salary").
    *   "A capital increase of $20 billion".
    *   Is it the *amount* ($20 billion) or the *act* (the capital increase)?
    *   The bank announced the *act* (the capital increase), and the amount was $20 billion.
    *   If you announce "an increase of 15 percent", you are announcing the amount.
    *   If you announce "a capital increase", you are announcing the action.
    *   Let's look at the context again: "Citigroup also plans to raise cash... the US bank was able to announce a capital increase of some USD 20 billion".
    *   "Raise cash" (the plan) $\rightarrow$ "announce a capital increase" (the action).
    *   This points toward Sense 5 (the act of increasing something).

    *   Sense 1: "a quantity that is added" (addition, gain).
    *   Sense 4: "the amount by which something increases" (increment).
    *   Sense 5: "the act of increasing something" (step-up).
    *   If I say "I got a raise" (an increase in salary), I'm talking about the act/event.
    *   If I say "The raise was $100", I'm talking about the amount.
    *   "The bank announced a capital increase of $20 billion."
    *   This is like saying "The bank announced a salary increase of $100."
    *   In "a salary increase of $100", is "increase" the act or the amount?
    *   It's the act, and the amount is $100.
    *   Wait, let's look at Sense 4 again: "the amount by which something increases". Example: "they proposed an increase of 15 percent in the fare".
    *   "An increase of 15 percent in the fare" is almost identical to "a capital increase of $20 billion".
    *   In "an increase of 15 percent in the fare", the "increase" *is* the 15 percent.
    *   In "a capital increase of $20 billion", the "increase" *is* the $20 billion.
    *   This makes Sense 4 very strong.

    *   Sense 4: "the amount by which something increases" (increment).
    *   Sense 5: "the act of increasing something" (step-up).
    *   Let's look at the examples again.
    *   Sense 4: "they proposed an increase of 15 percent in the fare".
    *   Sense 5: "he gave me an increase in salary".
    *   The difference is "increase of [amount] in [thing]" (Sense 4) vs "increase in [thing]" (Sense 5).
    *   Our target: "capital increase of [amount]".
    *   This is "increase of [amount]" (with "capital" as a modifier).
    *   This matches Sense 4's structure ("increase of 15 percent") much better than Sense 5's structure ("increase in salary").

    *   Sense 1: "a quantity that is added" (addition, gain).
    *   Sense 4: "the amount by which something increases" (increment).
    *   Is "a capital increase of $20 billion" a "quantity that is added" or "the amount by which something increases"?
    *   "The amount by which something increases" is a more precise description of "$20 billion" in this context.

    *   Target: "a capital increase of some USD 20 billion"
    *   Sense 4: "the amount by which something increases" (Example: "an increase of 15 percent in the fare")
    *   Sense 5: "the act of increasing something" (Example: "an increase in salary")
    *   The structure "increase of [amount]" strongly points to Sense 4.

    *   Wait, let me think about "capital increase" as a term again. In business, a "capital increase" is the *action* of issuing new shares to raise capital.
    *   If the bank "announces a capital increase", they are announcing the *action*.
    *   But the phrase is "a capital increase of some USD 20 billion".
    *   If you announce "a salary increase of $100", you are announcing the action, but the "increase" itself is the $100.
    *   Let's look at the WordNet senses again.
    *   Sense 4: "the amount by which something increases"
    *   Sense 5: "the act of increasing something"
    *   If the bank announces a "capital increase of $20 billion", the $20 billion is the *amount* of the increase.
    *   Let's re-read Sense 4's example: "they proposed an increase of 15 percent in the fare".
    *   This is almost a perfect match. "They announced a capital increase of $20 billion."

    *   Sense 1: "a quantity that is added" (addition, gain).
    *   Sense 4: "the amount by which something increases" (increment).
    *   Is there a subtle difference?
    *   "A quantity that is added" (Sense 1) might be the actual money.
    *   "The amount by which something increases" (Sense 4) is the measure.
    *   In "a capital increase of $20 billion", $20 billion is the amount.
    *   Let's look at Sense 1's examples: "addition to property taxes", "gain in weight".
    *   "Addition to property taxes" is similar to "capital increase".
    *   But "increase of 15 percent" (Sense 4) is even closer to "increase of $20 billion".

    *   Sense 4: "the amount by which something increases"
    *   Sense 5: "the act of increasing something"
    *   If the bank "announces a capital increase", it's the act.
    *   If the bank "announces a capital increase of $20 billion", it's the amount.
    *   Let's double-check the "increase in salary" example for Sense 5.
    *   "He gave me an increase in salary." (The act of giving a raise).
    *   "He gave me an increase of $100 in my salary." (The amount of the raise).
    *   The target "capital increase of some USD 20 billion" follows the "increase of [amount]" pattern.

    *   Sense 4 seems the most plausible because of the "of [amount]" structure, which matches the example "increase of 15 percent".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: circle
Target surface form: circles
Context:
Bank of America had raised some USD 19 billion from investors through convertible loans. The rest of the amount was taken from its own kitty, which was well filled through the sale of business units. Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state. Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a capital increase of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to <t>circles</t>. A Citigroup spokesman declined to comment.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=circle%1:25:00:: | definition=ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point | examples=he calculated the circumference of the circle
2. sense_key=circle%1:14:00:: | definition=an unofficial association of people or groups | synonyms=set, band, lot | examples=the smart set goes there; they were an angry lot
3. sense_key=circle%1:25:01:: | definition=something approximating the shape of a circle | examples=the chairs were arranged in a circle
4. sense_key=circle%1:04:00:: | definition=movement once around a course | synonyms=lap, circuit | examples=he drove an extra lap just for insurance
5. sense_key=circle%1:06:01:: | definition=a road junction at which traffic streams circularly around a central island | synonyms=traffic circle, rotary, roundabout | examples=the accident blocked all traffic at the rotary
6. sense_key=circle%1:06:03:: | definition=street names for flunitrazepan | synonyms=R-2, Mexican valium, rophy, rope, roofy, roach
7. sense_key=circle%1:06:02:: | definition=a curved section or tier of seats in a hall or theater or opera house; usually the first tier above the orchestra | synonyms=dress circle | examples=they had excellent seats in the dress circle
8. sense_key=circle%1:06:00:: | definition=any circular or rotating mechanism | synonyms=round | examples=the machine punched out metal circles

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `circle`
    *   Target surface form: `circles`
    *   Context: "...reported CNBC with reference to <t>circles</t>."
    *   Sentence meaning: CNBC reported something based on information from certain "circles" (likely financial or insider circles).

    *   Sense 1: Ellipse/plane curve (geometric shape).
    *   Sense 2: An unofficial association of people or groups (e.g., "the smart set", "inner circles").
    *   Sense 3: Something approximating the shape of a circle.
    *   Sense 4: Movement once around a course (lap).
    *   Sense 5: Road junction (roundabout).
    *   Sense 6: Street name for a drug.
    *   Sense 7: Tier of seats in a theater.
    *   Sense 8: Circular or rotating mechanism.

    *   The phrase "with reference to circles" in a financial news context (CNBC, Bank of America, Citigroup) almost always refers to "insider circles," "financial circles," or "banking circles."
    *   This matches Sense 2: "an unofficial association of people or groups."

    *   Sense 2: "an unofficial association of people or groups" (synonyms: set, band, lot). This fits perfectly.

    *   Sense 1, 3, 5, 7, 8 are physical shapes or objects.
    *   Sense 4 is a lap.
    *   Sense 6 is a drug.
    *   None of these fit the context of a news report citing sources.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: support
Target surface form: support
Context:
Bank head Kenneth Lewis extended his express thanks to the American taxpayer on Wednesday evening: The cash injection helped over a very difficult time. The bank overstretched at the height of the financial crisis by taking over the investment bank Merrill Lynch. Citigroup also plans to raise cash on the capital market to free itself from its liabilities with the state. Already on Thursday, the US bank was able to announce a capital increase of some USD 20 billion, reported CNBC with reference to circles. A Citigroup spokesman declined to comment. Goldman Sachs, JP Morgan Chase and Morgan Stanley had already repaid their <t>support</t> in June.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=support%1:04:04:: | definition=the activity of providing for or maintaining by supplying with money or necessities | examples=his support kept the family together; they gave him emotional support during difficult times
2. sense_key=support%1:04:00:: | definition=aiding the cause or policy or interests of | examples=the president no longer has the support of his own party; they developed a scheme of mutual support
3. sense_key=support%1:09:00:: | definition=something providing immaterial assistance to a person or cause or interest | examples=the policy found little public support; his faith was all the support he needed
4. sense_key=support%1:04:03:: | definition=a military operation (often involving new supplies of men and materiel) to strengthen a military force or aid in the performance of its mission | synonyms=reinforcement, reenforcement | examples=they called for artillery support
5. sense_key=support%1:04:02:: | definition=documentary validation | synonyms=documentation | examples=his documentation of the results was excellent; the strongest support for this view is the work of Jones
6. sense_key=support%1:21:00:: | definition=the financial means whereby one lives | synonyms=keep, livelihood, living, bread and butter, sustenance | examples=each child was expected to pay for their keep; he applied to the state for support
7. sense_key=support%1:06:01:: | definition=supporting structure that holds up or provides a foundation | examples=the statue stood on a marble support
8. sense_key=support%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of bearing the weight of or strengthening | synonyms=supporting | examples=he leaned against the wall for support
9. sense_key=support%1:10:01:: | definition=a musical part (vocal or instrumental) that supports or provides background for other musical parts | synonyms=accompaniment, musical accompaniment, backup
10. sense_key=support%1:06:00:: | definition=any device that bears the weight of another thing | examples=there was no place to attach supports for a shelf
11. sense_key=support%1:21:01:: | definition=financial resources provided to make some project possible | synonyms=financial support, funding, backing, financial backing | examples=the foundation provided support for the experiment

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 11}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 11}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `support`
    *   Target surface form: `support`
    *   Context: "Goldman Sachs, JP Morgan Chase and Morgan Stanley had already repaid their <t>support</t> in June."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses banks (Bank of America/Kenneth Lewis, Citigroup, Goldman Sachs, etc.) receiving "cash injection" and "capital increase" from the "American taxpayer" (the state) during the financial crisis.

    *   Sense 1: Providing for/maintaining by supplying money or necessities (general activity).
    *   Sense 2: Aiding a cause/policy/interest (abstract support).
    *   Sense 3: Immaterial assistance (abstract).
    *   Sense 4: Military operation.
    *   Sense 5: Documentary validation.
    *   Sense 6: Financial means whereby one lives (livelihood).
    *   Sense 7: Supporting structure (physical).
    *   Sense 8: Act of bearing weight (physical).
    *   Sense 9: Musical part.
    *   Sense 10: Device that bears weight (physical).
    *   Sense 11: Financial resources provided to make some project possible (funding, backing, financial backing).

    *   The banks "repaid their support".
    *   In this context, "support" refers to the money (cash injection/capital) provided by the government/taxpayers to the banks during the financial crisis.
    *   This is clearly financial assistance/funding.

    *   Sense 1: "the activity of providing for or maintaining..." (Too general, focuses on the *activity*).
    *   Sense 6: "the financial means whereby one lives" (Livelihood - not applicable to banks).
    *   Sense 11: "financial resources provided to make some project possible | synonyms=financial support, funding, backing, financial backing".

    *   The banks received funding (support) and then repaid it. Sense 11 fits perfectly as it refers to the financial resources/funding provided.

    *   Sense 11 is the best fit.