[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: country
Target surface form: countries
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich <t>countries</t> would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=country%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=state, nation, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
2. sense_key=country%1:15:00:: | definition=the territory occupied by a nation | synonyms=state, land | examples=he returned to the land of his birth; he visited several European countries
3. sense_key=country%1:14:01:: | definition=the people who live in a nation or country | synonyms=nation, land | examples=a statement that sums up the nation's mood; the news was announced to the nation
4. sense_key=country%1:15:01:: | definition=an area outside of cities and towns | synonyms=rural area | examples=his poetry celebrated the slower pace of life in the country
5. sense_key=country%1:15:02:: | definition=a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography) | synonyms=area | examples=it was a mountainous area; Bible country

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `country`
    *   Target surface form: `countries`
    *   Context: "...the text is silent on how much money rich <t>countries</t> would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `country%1:14:00::`: a politically organized body of people under a single government (state, nation).
        2.  `country%1:15:00::`: the territory occupied by a nation (state, land).
        3.  `country%1:14:01::`: the people who live in a nation or country (nation, land).
        4.  `country%1:15:01::`: an area outside of cities and towns (rural area).
        5.  `country%1:15:02::`: a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (area).

    *   The sentence discusses "rich countries" giving money to "poor ones" to cope with global warming.
    *   This refers to the political entities (governments/states) that manage funds and enter into international agreements (like the U.N. climate conference mentioned earlier).
    *   It's not referring to the physical land (sense 2), the people as a collective (sense 3), the rural area (sense 4), or a vague geographical region (sense 5).
    *   It refers to the political organization/government entity.

    *   Sense 1: "a politically organized body of people under a single government" (Synonyms: state, nation). This fits perfectly with the idea of governments providing financial aid.
    *   Sense 2: "the territory occupied by a nation". While countries are territories, the act of "giving money" is performed by the political entity (the state/government), not the land itself.
    *   Sense 3: "the people who live in a nation". Again, the political entity (government) manages the money.
    *   Sense 4: "rural area". Not applicable.
    *   Sense 5: "geographical region". Not applicable.

    *   The context is about international relations, U.N. plans, and financial transfers between nations. This strongly points to the political entity (Sense 1).


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: one
Target surface form: ones
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor <t>ones</t> to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=one%1:23:00:: | definition=the smallest whole number or a numeral representing this number | synonyms=1, I, ace, single, unity | examples=he has the one but will need a two and three to go with it; they had lunch at one
2. sense_key=one%1:09:00:: | definition=a single person or thing | examples=he is the best one; this is the one I ordered

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "one"
    *   Target surface form: "ones"
    *   Context: "...the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor <t>ones</t> to cope with global warming..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `one%1:23:00::`: the smallest whole number or a numeral representing this number.
        2.  `one%1:09:00::`: a single person or thing.

    *   The sentence is: "...how much money rich countries would give poor ones..."
    *   In this context, "ones" refers back to "countries".
    *   "Poor ones" = "poor countries".
    *   "Countries" are things (entities/nations).

    *   Sense 1 is about the number 1. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2 is about "a single person or thing" (used as a pronoun to avoid repetition). (Correct)

    *   The word "ones" is the plural of "one" used as a pronoun referring to "countries".
    *   Sense 2 fits perfectly.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: term
Target surface form: term
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long <t>term</t>. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=term%1:10:00:: | definition=a word or expression used for some particular thing | examples=he learned many medical terms
2. sense_key=term%1:28:00:: | definition=a limited period of time | examples=a prison term; he left school before the end of term
3. sense_key=term%1:10:02:: | definition=(usually plural) a statement of what is required as part of an agreement | synonyms=condition | examples=the contract set out the conditions of the lease; the terms of the treaty were generous
4. sense_key=term%1:09:00:: | definition=any distinct quantity contained in a polynomial | examples=the general term of an algebraic equation of the n-th degree
5. sense_key=term%1:10:01:: | definition=one of the substantive phrases in a logical proposition | examples=the major term of a syllogism must occur twice
6. sense_key=term%1:28:01:: | definition=the end of gestation or point at which birth is imminent | synonyms=full term | examples=a healthy baby born at full term
7. sense_key=term%1:06:00:: | definition=(architecture) a statue or a human bust or an animal carved out of the top of a square pillar; originally used as a boundary marker in ancient Rome | synonyms=terminus, terminal figure

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "term"
    *   Target surface form: "term"
    *   Context: "...the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long <t>term</t>."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  A word or expression used for some particular thing.
        2.  A limited period of time.
        3.  A statement of what is required as part of an agreement (condition).
        4.  A distinct quantity in a polynomial.
        5.  A substantive phrase in a logical proposition.
        6.  The end of gestation.
        7.  A statue/bust on a pillar.

    *   The phrase is "over the short and long term".
    *   This refers to timeframes (short-term vs. long-term).
    *   "Term" here means a period of time.

    *   Sense 1: Word/expression (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: A limited period of time (Correct)
    *   Sense 3: Condition of an agreement (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 4: Polynomial quantity (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 5: Logical proposition phrase (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 6: Gestation (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 7: Architecture statue (Incorrect)

    *   Sense 2 matches "a limited period of time". The phrase "short and long term" is a standard way to refer to different durations of time.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: range
Target surface form: range
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a <t>range</t> of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=range%1:07:00:: | definition=an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: | synonyms=scope, reach, orbit, compass, ambit | examples=the range of a supersonic jet; a piano has a greater range than the human voice
2. sense_key=range%1:15:01:: | definition=the limits within which something can be effective | synonyms=reach | examples=range of motion; he was beyond the reach of their fire
3. sense_key=range%1:15:02:: | definition=a large tract of grassy open land on which livestock can graze | examples=they used to drive the cattle across the open range every spring; he dreamed of a home on the range
4. sense_key=range%1:17:00:: | definition=a series of hills or mountains | synonyms=mountain range, range of mountains, chain, mountain chain, chain of mountains | examples=the valley was between two ranges of hills; the plains lay just beyond the mountain range
5. sense_key=range%1:06:00:: | definition=a place for shooting (firing or driving) projectiles of various kinds | examples=the army maintains a missile range in the desert; any good golf club will have a range where you can practice
6. sense_key=range%1:14:00:: | definition=a variety of different things or activities | examples=he answered a range of questions; he was impressed by the range and diversity of the collection
7. sense_key=range%1:14:01:: | definition=(mathematics) the set of values of the dependent variable for which a function is defined | synonyms=image, range of a function | examples=the image of f(x) = x^2 is the set of all non-negative real numbers if the domain of the function is the set of all real numbers
8. sense_key=range%1:09:00:: | definition=the limit of capability | synonyms=compass, reach, grasp | examples=within the compass of education
9. sense_key=range%1:06:01:: | definition=a kitchen appliance used for cooking food | synonyms=stove, kitchen stove, kitchen range, cooking stove | examples=dinner was already on the stove

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 6}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 6}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "range"
    *   Target surface form: "range"
    *   Context: "And it provides a <t>range</t> of options for the key questions..."
    *   Sentence meaning: The document provides several different options/alternatives for addressing key questions.

    *   Sense 1: Area of action/power/control (scope, reach).
    *   Sense 2: Limits of effectiveness (reach).
    *   Sense 3: Grassy land for livestock.
    *   Sense 4: Series of hills/mountains.
    *   Sense 5: Place for shooting projectiles.
    *   Sense 6: A variety of different things or activities.
    *   Sense 7: Mathematical set of values.
    *   Sense 8: Limit of capability.
    *   Sense 9: Kitchen appliance (stove).

    *   The phrase "a range of options" strongly aligns with "a variety of different things or activities."
    *   Example for Sense 6: "he answered a range of questions." This is very similar to "a range of options for the key questions."

    *   Sense 6 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: option
Target surface form: options
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of <t>options</t> for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=option%1:21:00:: | definition=the right to buy or sell property at an agreed price; the right is purchased and if it is not exercised by a stated date the money is forfeited
2. sense_key=option%1:09:00:: | definition=one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen | synonyms=alternative, choice | examples=what option did I have?; there no other alternative
3. sense_key=option%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of choosing or selecting | synonyms=choice, selection, pick | examples=your choice of colors was unfortunate; you can take your pick

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `option`
    *   Target surface form: `options`
    *   Context: "...And it provides a range of <t>options</t> for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  Financial right to buy/sell property (financial option).
        2.  One of a number of things from which only one can be chosen (alternative/choice).
        3.  The act of choosing or selecting (the process of selection).

    *   The sentence says the text "provides a range of options for the key questions".
    *   This means the document lists several different *possibilities* or *alternatives* that could be chosen to address the key questions.
    *   It is not referring to the *act* of choosing (sense 3).
    *   It is not referring to a financial contract (sense 1).
    *   It is referring to the alternatives themselves (sense 2).

    *   Sense 2: "one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen" (synonyms: alternative, choice). This fits perfectly. "A range of options" = "a range of alternatives".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: question
Target surface form: questions
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key <t>questions</t>, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=question%1:10:00:: | definition=an instance of questioning | synonyms=inquiry, enquiry, query, interrogation | examples=there was a question about my training; we made inquiries of all those who were present
2. sense_key=question%1:10:01:: | definition=the subject matter at issue | synonyms=head | examples=the question of disease merits serious discussion; under the head of minor Roman poets
3. sense_key=question%1:10:03:: | definition=a sentence of inquiry that asks for a reply | synonyms=interrogation, interrogative, interrogative sentence | examples=he asked a direct question; he had trouble phrasing his interrogations
4. sense_key=question%1:07:00:: | definition=uncertainty about the truth or factuality or existence of something | synonyms=doubt, dubiousness, doubtfulness | examples=the dubiousness of his claim; there is no question about the validity of the enterprise
5. sense_key=question%1:10:02:: | definition=a formal proposal for action made to a deliberative assembly for discussion and vote | synonyms=motion | examples=he made a motion to adjourn; she called for the question
6. sense_key=question%1:10:04:: | definition=an informal reference to a marriage proposal | examples=he was ready to pop the question

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `question`
    *   Target surface form: `questions`
    *   Context: "...And it provides a range of options for the key <t>questions</t>, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate."

    *   Sense 1: `an instance of questioning` (inquiry, enquiry, query, interrogation).
    *   Sense 2: `the subject matter at issue` (head). Example: "the question of disease merits serious discussion".
    *   Sense 3: `a sentence of inquiry that asks for a reply` (interrogation, interrogative sentence).
    *   Sense 4: `uncertainty about the truth or factuality or existence of something` (doubt, dubiousness).
    *   Sense 5: `a formal proposal for action made to a deliberative assembly for discussion and vote` (motion).
    *   Sense 6: `an informal reference to a marriage proposal`.

    *   The text says: "...provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise..."
    *   Here, "questions" refers to the specific issues or problems that need to be solved or decided upon in the climate negotiations.
    *   It's not a "sentence of inquiry" (Sense 3) in the grammatical sense, although the examples given ("how developed... would cut", "what would be the upper limit") are phrased as indirect questions.
    *   It's not "uncertainty" (Sense 4).
    *   It's not a "formal proposal for action" (Sense 5) in the parliamentary sense (a motion).
    *   It's not a "marriage proposal" (Sense 6).
    *   It's not an "instance of questioning" (Sense 1) like an interrogation.
    *   It fits "the subject matter at issue" (Sense 2). The "key questions" are the key issues or matters at hand in the negotiation.

    *   Sense 2: "the subject matter at issue". Example: "the question of disease merits serious discussion".
    *   In the context: "the key questions, including how developed... would cut their carbon output..."
    *   This matches perfectly. The "questions" are the issues being debated/negotiated.

    *   Sense 1: Inquiry/Query. (Less likely, these aren't just queries, they are the core issues).
    *   Sense 3: Interrogative sentence. (The text lists them as "how..." and "what...", but in the context of a diplomatic document, they are issues/problems to be solved, not just sentences asking for a reply).
    *   Sense 2 is the standard way to describe "the question of [something]" meaning "the issue of [something]".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: upper_limit
Target surface form: upper limit
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the <t>upper limit</t> of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=upper_limit%1:23:00:: | definition=the largest possible quantity | synonyms=maximum
2. sense_key=upper_limit%1:15:00:: | definition=the limit on the upper (or northernmost) side of something

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `upper_limit`
    *   Target surface form: `upper limit`
    *   Context: "...what would be the <t>upper limit</t> of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `upper_limit%1:23:00::` | definition: the largest possible quantity | synonyms: maximum
        2.  `upper_limit%1:15:00::` | definition: the limit on the upper (or northernmost) side of something

    *   The phrase "upper limit of global temperature rise" refers to the maximum amount of temperature increase that is acceptable or tolerable.
    *   This is a quantitative limit (a maximum value), not a physical boundary on the top or north side of an object.

    *   Sense 1: "the largest possible quantity" (maximum). This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "the limit on the upper (or northernmost) side of something". This refers to spatial/physical boundaries.

    *   Sense 1 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: temperature
Target surface form: temperature
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global <t>temperature</t> rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=temperature%1:07:00:: | definition=the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity)
2. sense_key=temperature%1:09:00:: | definition=the somatic sensation of cold or heat

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `temperature`
    *   Target surface form: `temperature`
    *   Context: "...what would be the upper limit of global <t>temperature</t> rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `temperature%1:07:00::`: the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity)
        2.  `temperature%1:09:00::`: the somatic sensation of cold or heat

    *   The context discusses "global temperature rise" in the context of climate change, greenhouse gases, and emissions.
    *   "Global temperature" refers to the average degree of hotness or coldness of the Earth's environment.
    *   Sense 1 describes the physical degree of hotness or coldness of an environment.
    *   Sense 2 describes the *sensation* (feeling) of heat or cold.

    *   The text is about climate science and policy, not about how people feel (sensation).
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rise
Target surface form: rise
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature <t>rise</t> that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rise%1:11:00:: | definition=a growth in strength or number or importance
2. sense_key=rise%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of changing location in an upward direction | synonyms=ascent, ascension, ascending
3. sense_key=rise%1:17:00:: | definition=an upward slope or grade (as in a road) | synonyms=ascent, acclivity, raise, climb, upgrade | examples=the car couldn't make it up the rise
4. sense_key=rise%1:11:02:: | definition=a movement upward | synonyms=rising, ascent, ascension | examples=they cheered the rise of the hot-air balloon
5. sense_key=rise%1:07:02:: | definition=the amount a salary is increased | synonyms=raise, wage hike, hike, wage increase, salary increase | examples=he got a 3% raise; he got a wage hike
6. sense_key=rise%1:07:01:: | definition=the property possessed by a slope or surface that rises | synonyms=upgrade, rising slope
7. sense_key=rise%1:11:01:: | definition=a wave that lifts the surface of the water or ground | synonyms=lift
8. sense_key=rise%1:11:03:: | definition=(theology) the origination of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost | synonyms=emanation, procession | examples=the emanation of the Holy Spirit; the rising of the Holy Ghost
9. sense_key=rise%1:07:03:: | definition=an increase in cost | synonyms=boost, hike, cost increase | examples=they asked for a 10% rise in rates
10. sense_key=rise%1:04:01:: | definition=increase in price or value | synonyms=advance | examples=the news caused a general advance on the stock market

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `rise`
    *   Target surface form: `rise`
    *   Context: "...what would be the upper limit of global temperature <t>rise</t> that policymakers would be willing to tolerate."
    *   Meaning: The increase in the global average temperature.

    *   1: growth in strength or number or importance (e.g., rise of an empire)
    *   2: act of changing location in an upward direction (e.g., ascent)
    *   3: upward slope or grade (e.g., a hill)
    *   4: movement upward (e.g., hot-air balloon)
    *   5: salary increase (e.g., pay raise)
    *   6: property of a slope (e.g., rising slope)
    *   7: wave lifting water/ground
    *   8: theology (Holy Spirit)
    *   9: increase in cost (e.g., rates)
    *   10: increase in price or value (e.g., stock market)

    *   The context is "global temperature rise". This refers to an increase in a numerical value (temperature).
    *   Looking at the senses again:
        *   Sense 1: "growth in strength or number or importance". Temperature is a number/value.
        *   Sense 2, 4: Physical movement upward.
        *   Sense 3, 6: Physical slope.
        *   Sense 5, 9, 10: Specific types of increases (salary, cost, price/value).

    *   Wait, none of the senses explicitly say "increase in a measurement" like temperature. Let's re-evaluate Sense 1.
    *   Sense 1: "a growth in strength or number or importance".
    *   Is there a better one?
    *   Sense 2: "the act of changing location in an upward direction". (No)
    *   Sense 4: "a movement upward". (No)
    *   Sense 9: "an increase in cost". (No)
    *   Sense 10: "increase in price or value". (No)

    *   Let's look at Sense 1 again: "a growth in strength or number or importance". Temperature rise is a growth in the number (the degree).

    *   Wait, let me check if I missed any senses or if "rise" as in "increase in amount/level" is covered by Sense 1.
    *   In many WordNet versions, "rise" as an increase in amount/level is often grouped under a general "increase" sense.
    *   Let's re-read the candidate senses provided:
        1. growth in strength or number or importance
        2. act of changing location in an upward direction
        3. upward slope or grade
        4. movement upward
        5. salary increase
        6. property possessed by a slope
        7. wave that lifts surface
        8. theology
        9. increase in cost
        10. increase in price or value

    *   Comparing "global temperature rise" to these:
        *   It's not a salary (5), cost (9), or price (10).
        *   It's not a physical slope (3, 6) or physical movement (2, 4).
        *   It's not a wave (7) or theology (8).
        *   That leaves Sense 1: "a growth in strength or number or importance".

    *   Does "number" in Sense 1 cover "temperature"? Yes, temperature is measured by numbers. A rise in temperature is a growth in the number.

    *   Sense 1: "a growth in strength or number or importance"
    *   Context: "global temperature rise"
    *   This fits best among the provided options.

    *   Wait, let me double-check if "rise" as in "increase in level" is usually Sense 1.
    *   Example for Sense 1: "the rise of the middle class" (importance/number).
    *   Example for Sense 4: "the rise of the hot-air balloon" (physical movement).
    *   Example for Sense 9: "rise in rates" (cost).
    *   Example for Sense 10: "advance on the stock market" (price/value).

    *   Is temperature a "number"? Yes. Is it "strength" or "importance"? No.
    *   Is it a "movement upward" (Sense 4)? In a metaphorical sense (on a graph), yes, but usually, that's for physical objects.
    *   Is it an "increase in price or value" (Sense 10)? No.

    *   Let's look at Sense 1 again. "growth in strength or number or importance".
    *   If I have to choose the *best* one, Sense 1 is the most general "increase" sense provided that isn't restricted to money (5, 9, 10) or physical movement (2, 4).

    *   Wait, let me think about "rise" in "temperature rise" again. It's an increase in the level of something.
    *   If Sense 1 is "growth in strength or number or importance", does "number" cover "level/amount"? Often, yes.

    *   Let's re-examine Sense 4: "a movement upward". Sometimes "rise" in temperature is described as the temperature "rising" (moving up the scale). But "a movement upward" usually implies a physical object.

    *   Let's re-examine Sense 10: "increase in price or value". Temperature isn't a price or value in the economic sense.

    *   Let's re-examine Sense 1: "a growth in strength or number or importance".
    *   If the temperature goes from 15C to 16C, the number has grown.

    *   Let's check if there are any other possibilities.
    *   Sense 1: growth in strength or number or importance.
    *   Sense 2: act of changing location in an upward direction.
    *   Sense 3: upward slope.
    *   Sense 4: movement upward.
    *   Sense 5: salary increase.
    *   Sense 6: property of a slope.
    *   Sense 7: wave.
    *   Sense 8: theology.
    *   Sense 9: increase in cost.
    *   Sense 10: increase in price or value.

    *   Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 4:
        *   Sense 1: growth in number.
        *   Sense 4: movement upward.
        *   "Temperature rise" is an increase in the value/number.

    *   Let's search for "rise" in WordNet for "temperature rise".
        *   In some versions of WordNet, "rise" (noun) has a sense: "an increase in amount, number, or level".
        *   Looking at the provided senses, Sense 1 ("growth in strength or number or importance") is the closest to "increase in amount, number, or level".

    *   Let's double-check Sense 4 again: "a movement upward". Example: "the rise of the hot-air balloon". This is clearly physical.

    *   Let's double-check Sense 1 again: "a growth in strength or number or importance". Example: "the rise of the Roman Empire" (strength/importance), "the rise in the number of immigrants" (number).
    *   "The rise in temperature" is very similar to "the rise in the number of immigrants". Both are increases in a measured quantity.

    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: lot
Target surface form: lot
Context:
The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a <t>lot</t> of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=lot%1:23:00:: | definition=(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent | synonyms=batch, deal, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful | examples=a batch of letters; a deal of trouble
2. sense_key=lot%1:15:00:: | definition=a parcel of land having fixed boundaries | examples=he bought a lot on the lake
3. sense_key=lot%1:14:00:: | definition=an unofficial association of people or groups | synonyms=set, circle, band | examples=the smart set goes there; they were an angry lot
4. sense_key=lot%1:26:00:: | definition=your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you) | synonyms=fortune, destiny, fate, luck, circumstances, portion | examples=whatever my fortune may be; deserved a better fate
5. sense_key=lot%1:06:00:: | definition=anything (straws or pebbles etc.) taken or chosen at random | synonyms=draw | examples=the luck of the draw; they drew lots for it
6. sense_key=lot%1:14:01:: | definition=any collection in its entirety | synonyms=bunch, caboodle | examples=she bought the whole caboodle
7. sense_key=lot%1:18:00:: | definition=(Old Testament) nephew of Abraham; God destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah but chose to spare Lot and his family who were told to flee without looking back at the destruction

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "lot"
    *   Target surface form: "lot"
    *   Context: "It gives a <t>lot</t> of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `lot%1:23:00::`: a large number or amount or extent (synonyms: batch, deal, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful)
        2.  `lot%1:15:00::`: a parcel of land having fixed boundaries
        3.  `lot%1:14:00::`: an unofficial association of people or groups (synonyms: set, circle, band)
        4.  `lot%1:26:00::`: overall circumstances or condition in life (synonyms: fortune, destiny, fate)
        5.  `lot%1:06:00::`: anything taken or chosen at random (synonyms: draw)
        6.  `lot%1:14:01::`: any collection in its entirety (synonyms: bunch, caboodle)
        7.  `lot%1:18:00::`: (Old Testament) nephew of Abraham

    *   The phrase is "a lot of flexibility".
    *   "Flexibility" is an uncountable noun referring to the quality of being flexible (amount of flexibility).
    *   "A lot of" in this context means "a large amount of".

    *   Sense 1: "a large number or amount or extent" (matches "a lot of flexibility").
    *   Sense 2: "parcel of land" (incorrect).
    *   Sense 3: "unofficial association of people" (incorrect).
    *   Sense 4: "overall circumstances" (incorrect).
    *   Sense 5: "chosen at random" (incorrect).
    *   Sense 6: "collection in its entirety" (incorrect).
    *   Sense 7: "nephew of Abraham" (incorrect).

    *   Sense 1 is the perfect fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: flexibility
Target surface form: flexibility
Context:
The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of <t>flexibility</t> to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=flexibility%1:07:02:: | definition=the property of being flexible; easily bent or shaped | synonyms=flexibleness
2. sense_key=flexibility%1:07:01:: | definition=the quality of being adaptable or variable | synonyms=flexibleness | examples=he enjoyed the flexibility of his working arrangement
3. sense_key=flexibility%1:07:03:: | definition=the trait of being easily persuaded | synonyms=tractability, tractableness

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target word: "flexibility"
    *   Context: A U.N.-sponsored climate conference. A document provides a range of options for key questions (carbon output cuts, temperature rise limits). John Coequyt says, "It gives a lot of flexibility to the process."
    *   Meaning: In this context, "flexibility" refers to the ability of the negotiation process to adapt, change, or accommodate different options/scenarios. It's about being adaptable or variable, not about being physically bendable or easily persuaded.

    *   Sense 1: "the property of being flexible; easily bent or shaped" (Physical flexibility).
    *   Sense 2: "the quality of being adaptable or variable" (Adaptability/Versatility). Example: "he enjoyed the flexibility of his working arrangement".
    *   Sense 3: "the trait of being easily persuaded" (Tractability).

    *   Sense 1 is physical. The "process" of a climate conference is not a physical object.
    *   Sense 3 is about being easily persuaded (weakness/tractability). While negotiations involve persuasion, "flexibility to the process" refers to the structure/options available, not the personality trait of the participants.
    *   Sense 2 is about being adaptable or variable. Providing a "range of options" directly creates adaptability/variability in how the process proceeds. This fits perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: process
Target surface form: process
Context:
The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the <t>process</t>, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=process%1:04:00:: | definition=a particular course of action intended to achieve a result | synonyms=procedure | examples=the procedure of obtaining a driver's license; it was a process of trial and error
2. sense_key=process%1:09:00:: | definition=(psychology) the performance of some composite cognitive activity; an operation that affects mental contents | synonyms=cognitive process, mental process, operation, cognitive operation | examples=the process of thinking; the cognitive operation of remembering
3. sense_key=process%1:10:00:: | definition=a writ issued by authority of law; usually compels the defendant's attendance in a civil suit; failure to appear results in a default judgment against the defendant | synonyms=summons
4. sense_key=process%1:09:01:: | definition=a mental process that you are not directly aware of | synonyms=unconscious process | examples=the process of denial
5. sense_key=process%1:08:00:: | definition=a natural prolongation or projection from a part of an organism either animal or plant | synonyms=outgrowth, appendage | examples=a bony process
6. sense_key=process%1:03:00:: | definition=a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states | synonyms=physical process | examples=events now in process; the process of calcification begins later for boys than for girls

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `process`
    *   Target surface form: `process`
    *   Context: "It gives a lot of flexibility to the <t>process</t>, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses a U.N.-sponsored climate conference, negotiations, a document outlining greenhouse-gas reductions, a political deal, and a working group.

    *   Sense 1: `process%1:04:00::` - a particular course of action intended to achieve a result (synonym: procedure).
    *   Sense 2: `process%1:09:00::` - (psychology) the performance of some composite cognitive activity.
    *   Sense 3: `process%1:10:00::` - a writ issued by authority of law (synonym: summons).
    *   Sense 4: `process%1:09:01::` - a mental process that you are not directly aware of.
    *   Sense 5: `process%1:08:00::` - a natural prolongation or projection from a part of an organism.
    *   Sense 6: `process%1:03:00::` - a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states (synonym: physical process).

    *   The "process" mentioned refers to the U.N.-sponsored climate conference negotiations and the steps being taken to reach a final political deal.
    *   This is a "particular course of action intended to achieve a result" (the result being the climate deal).
    *   It is not a cognitive process (Sense 2, 4), a legal writ (Sense 3), a biological outgrowth (Sense 5), or a natural physical phenomenon (Sense 6).

    *   Sense 1 fits perfectly: "a particular course of action intended to achieve a result" (the negotiation process).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: washington
Target surface form: Washington
Context:
The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior <t>Washington</t> representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=washington%1:15:01:: | definition=the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia and a tourist mecca; George Washington commissioned Charles L'Enfant to lay out the city in 1791 | synonyms=Washington D.C., American capital, capital of the United States
2. sense_key=washington%1:15:00:: | definition=a state in northwestern United States on the Pacific | synonyms=Evergreen State, WA
3. sense_key=washington%1:14:00:: | definition=the federal government of the United States | synonyms=Capital
4. sense_key=washington%1:18:00:: | definition=1st President of the United States; commander-in-chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution (1732-1799) | synonyms=George Washington, President Washington
5. sense_key=washington%1:18:01:: | definition=United States educator who was born a slave but became educated and founded a college at Tuskegee in Alabama (1856-1915) | synonyms=Booker T. Washington, Booker Taliaferro Washington

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "washington"
    *   Target surface form: "Washington"
    *   Context: "...said John Coequyt, senior <t>Washington</t> representative for the Sierra Club."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  The capital city (Washington D.C.).
        2.  The state (Washington state).
        3.  The federal government of the United States.
        4.  George Washington (1st President).
        5.  Booker T. Washington (Educator).

    *   The phrase is "senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club."
    *   The Sierra Club is a national environmental organization.
    *   A "Washington representative" in the context of a national organization usually refers to someone based in the capital city (Washington D.C.) who handles lobbying or government relations.
    *   Does it mean the *government* (sense 3)? No, he is a representative *for* the Sierra Club *in* Washington.
    *   Does it mean the *state* (sense 2)? Unlikely, as the Sierra Club's national lobbying efforts are centered in D.C.
    *   Does it mean the *people* (George or Booker T.)? No.

    *   Sense 1: "the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia"
    *   Sense 3: "the federal government of the United States"

    *   "Washington representative" typically means a representative based in the city of Washington D.C. (the location).
    *   If it meant the government, it would more likely be "representative to Washington" or "government representative," but "Washington representative" as a title usually denotes the location of the office.
    *   Comparing "Washington representative" (city) vs "Washington representative" (government): In political/lobbying contexts, "Washington" often acts as a metonym for the government, but when describing a person's role/location (e.g., "our Washington office," "our Washington representative"), it refers to the city where the government is located.

    *   Wait, let's look at sense 3 again: "the federal government of the United States".
    *   If John Coequyt is a "Washington representative", is he representing the government? No, he represents the Sierra Club *to* the government.
    *   Therefore, "Washington" here describes the location of his role (the city).

    *   Sense 1: Washington D.C. (City)
    *   Sense 2: Washington State
    *   Sense 3: US Federal Government
    *   Sense 4: George Washington
    *   Sense 5: Booker T. Washington

    The most natural fit for "senior Washington representative" is the city where the lobbying happens.

    *Self-Correction/Double Check:*
    Is "Washington representative" a common way to say "representative of the US government"? No.
    Is it a common way to say "representative based in Washington D.C."? Yes.

    Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: representative
Target surface form: representative
Context:
The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington <t>representative</t> for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=representative%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who represents others
2. sense_key=representative%1:18:02:: | definition=an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose | synonyms=spokesperson, interpreter, voice | examples=the meeting was attended by spokespersons for all the major organs of government
3. sense_key=representative%1:18:01:: | definition=a member of the United States House of Representatives | synonyms=congressman, congresswoman
4. sense_key=representative%1:09:00:: | definition=an item of information that is typical of a class or group | synonyms=example, illustration, instance | examples=this patient provides a typical example of the syndrome; there is an example on page 10

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `representative`
    *   Target surface form: `representative`
    *   Context: "...said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `representative%1:18:00::`: a person who represents others.
        2.  `representative%1:18:02::`: an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose (synonyms: spokesperson, interpreter, voice).
        3.  `representative%1:18:01::`: a member of the United States House of Representatives (synonyms: congressman, congresswoman).
        4.  `representative%1:09:00::`: an item of information that is typical of a class or group (synonyms: example, illustration, instance).

    *   The phrase is "senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club."
    *   John Coequyt is acting on behalf of the Sierra Club (an environmental organization) in Washington.
    *   He is not a member of the US House of Representatives (Sense 3).
    *   He is not a "typical example" of a class (Sense 4).
    *   He is a person who represents the organization (Sense 1 or 2).

    *   Sense 1: "a person who represents others" (General).
    *   Sense 2: "an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose" (More specific: spokesperson, voice).
    *   In the context of a "Washington representative for the Sierra Club," the person is typically a lobbyist or a spokesperson who advocates for the organization's policies to the government. This aligns well with Sense 2.
    *   However, Sense 1 is the broader category. Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 2: "spokesperson, interpreter, voice."
    *   John Coequyt is quoted giving an opinion on the document ("It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt..."). This is the role of a spokesperson or advocate.

    *   Sense 1 is very general.
    *   Sense 2 specifically mentions "advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose." A representative for an NGO (like the Sierra Club) in Washington is exactly that—an advocate/lobbyist.

    *   Sense 1: General representative.
    *   Sense 2: Advocate/Spokesperson.
    *   Sense 3: Politician (Congress).
    *   Sense 4: Example.
    *   The context "senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club" strongly implies a professional role of advocacy/representation of an organization's interests. Sense 2 is the most precise fit.

    *Wait*, let me double-check Sense 1 vs Sense 2.
    Sense 1: "a person who represents others"
    Sense 2: "an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose"
    Usually, a "representative for [Organization]" is a person who represents that organization. Sense 2's synonyms (spokesperson) fit the action of being quoted in a news article.

    Let's re-read: "senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club."
    Is he representing "others" (people) or a "policy/purpose" (the organization's goals)? He represents the organization.
    Sense 2: "an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose".
    Sense 1: "a person who represents others".

    In many WordNet-based tasks, "representative" in the sense of a company rep or organization rep often falls under the general "person who represents others" (Sense 1) unless the "advocacy/spokesperson" aspect is the primary focus. However, "Washington representative" almost always implies a lobbying/advocacy role.

    Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 2 again: "spokesperson, interpreter, voice".
    John Coequyt is speaking for the Sierra Club.

    Let's compare with Sense 1 again. Sense 1 is the hypernym. Sense 2 is a hyponym.
    If Sense 2 fits perfectly, it's usually the better choice in fine-grained WSD.

    Wait, let me look at the sense keys provided:
    1. `representative%1:18:00::`
    2. `representative%1:18:02::`
    3. `representative%1:18:01::`
    4. `representative%1:09:00::`

    Actually, looking at the provided definitions:
    1: a person who represents others
    2: an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose

    A "Washington representative" for an NGO is specifically an advocate.

    Let's check if there's any other nuance.
    Sense 1 is very broad. Sense 2 is specific to advocacy/policy.
    The Sierra Club is an advocacy group. A representative in Washington is there to advocate for their policies.

    Therefore, Sense 2 is the most precise.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: document
Target surface form: document
Context:
The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page <t>document</t>, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=document%1:10:00:: | definition=writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature) | synonyms=written document, papers
2. sense_key=document%1:06:00:: | definition=anything serving as a representation of a person's thinking by means of symbolic marks
3. sense_key=document%1:21:00:: | definition=a written account of ownership or obligation
4. sense_key=document%1:10:01:: | definition=(computer science) a computer file that contains text (and possibly formatting instructions) using seven-bit ASCII characters | synonyms=text file

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `document`
    *   Target surface form: `document`
    *   Context: A text describing a political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, drafted by a U.N. ad-hoc working group. The specific sentence is: "Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page <t>document</t>, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as 'the big picture.'"

    *   Sense 1: `writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)` (Synonyms: written document, papers)
    *   Sense 2: `anything serving as a representation of a person's thinking by means of symbolic marks`
    *   Sense 3: `a written account of ownership or obligation`
    *   Sense 4: `(computer science) a computer file that contains text...`

    *   The "document" in the text is a "six-page document" that was "drafted" and is a "negotiation text" regarding a political deal for greenhouse gases.
    *   It is an official piece of writing providing information/proposals for a political agreement.
    *   Sense 1 fits perfectly: "writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)".
    *   Sense 2 is too broad/abstract.
    *   Sense 3 is too specific (ownership/obligation, like a deed or contract).
    *   Sense 4 is too technical (computer file).

    *   The context describes a diplomatic/political text. This is a classic example of an official document.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: negotiation
Target surface form: negotiation
Context:
The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page <t>negotiation</t> text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=negotiation%1:10:00:: | definition=a discussion intended to produce an agreement | synonyms=dialogue, talks | examples=the buyout negotiation lasted several days; they disagreed but kept an open dialogue
2. sense_key=negotiation%1:04:00:: | definition=the activity or business of negotiating an agreement; coming to terms

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `negotiation`
    *   Target surface form: `negotiation`
    *   Context: "...boiled down a 180-page <t>negotiation</t> text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official... described as 'the big picture.'"
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `negotiation%1:10:00::`: a discussion intended to produce an agreement (synonyms: dialogue, talks).
        2.  `negotiation%1:04:00::`: the activity or business of negotiating an agreement; coming to terms.

    *   The phrase is "180-page negotiation text".
    *   Here, "negotiation" acts as an adjective (attributive noun) modifying "text".
    *   The "text" is a document resulting from or used in the process of negotiating.
    *   Sense 1 refers to the *discussion* itself (the event/process of talking).
    *   Sense 2 refers to the *activity or business* of negotiating.

    *   Is the text a "discussion text" or an "activity of negotiating text"?
    *   Actually, in "negotiation text", "negotiation" describes the *nature* of the text. It's a text used for the purpose of negotiation.
    *   Looking at the senses again:
        *   Sense 1: "a discussion intended to produce an agreement" (e.g., "the buyout negotiation lasted several days").
        *   Sense 2: "the activity or business of negotiating an agreement; coming to terms".

    *   Wait, let's look at the context again. "boiled down a 180-page negotiation text".
    *   Usually, a "negotiation text" refers to the document being discussed during the *negotiations* (the talks).
    *   If "negotiation" refers to the *talks* (Sense 1), then "negotiation text" is the text of the talks.
    *   If "negotiation" refers to the *activity* (Sense 2), then "negotiation text" is the text of the activity.

    *   Let's compare:
        *   "The buyout negotiation (Sense 1) lasted several days." (The event)
        *   "The art of negotiation (Sense 2) is a skill." (The activity/business)

    *   In "negotiation text", it's more likely referring to the specific instance of the talks (the Copenhagen climate talks) rather than the general activity of negotiating.
    *   However, "negotiation text" often means a text *for* negotiation.
    *   Let's re-read the context: "But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time..." (Here, "a negotiation" clearly refers to the process/talks - Sense 1).
    *   Then: "...boiled down a 180-page negotiation text..."
    *   The "negotiation text" is the document associated with that specific "negotiation" (the talks).

    *   Sense 1: a discussion intended to produce an agreement.
    *   Sense 2: the activity or business of negotiating an agreement.

    *   If I say "the negotiation text", I mean the text of the *discussion/talks*.
    *   Example: "The peace negotiation text was leaked." (The text of the peace talks).
    *   This aligns better with Sense 1 (the specific instance of discussion/talks).

    *   Sense 1: "a discussion intended to produce an agreement" (synonyms: dialogue, talks).
    *   Sense 2: "the activity or business of negotiating an agreement".

    *   In the sentence "boiled down a 180-page negotiation text", "negotiation" modifies "text". It refers to the specific set of talks (the Copenhagen climate negotiations).
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the most appropriate.

    *   Wait, let me double-check. Is "negotiation text" referring to the *process* (Sense 2) or the *event* (Sense 1)?
    *   "The negotiation (talks) is running out of time" -> Sense 1.
    *   "The negotiation (talks) text" -> Sense 1.

    *   Let's look at Sense 2 again: "the activity or business of negotiating an agreement". This is more abstract. "He is an expert in negotiation."
    *   The text isn't about the *business* of negotiating; it's the text *of* the specific negotiations (the talks).

    *   Sense 1: a discussion intended to produce an agreement.
    *   Sense 2: the activity or business of negotiating an agreement.
    *   The context "180-page negotiation text" refers to the document used in the specific discussions (the talks).

    *   Sense 1 fits best.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: text
Target surface form: text
Context:
The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation <t>text</t> to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=text%1:10:00:: | definition=the words of something written | synonyms=textual matter | examples=there were more than a thousand words of text; they handed out the printed text of the mayor's speech
2. sense_key=text%1:10:03:: | definition=a passage from the Bible that is used as the subject of a sermon | examples=the preacher chose a text from Psalms to introduce his sermon
3. sense_key=text%1:10:02:: | definition=a book prepared for use in schools or colleges | synonyms=textbook, text edition, schoolbook, school text | examples=his economics textbook is in its tenth edition; the professor wrote the text that he assigned students to buy
4. sense_key=text%1:10:01:: | definition=the main body of a written work (as distinct from illustrations or footnotes etc.) | examples=pictures made the text easier to understand

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `text`
    *   Target surface form: `text`
    *   Context: "Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation <t>text</t> to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as 'the big picture.'"
    *   Surrounding context: The passage discusses a political deal/document regarding greenhouse gases, a "six-page document," and a "180-page negotiation text."

    *   Sense 1: `the words of something written` (synonyms: textual matter). Example: "printed text of the mayor's speech".
    *   Sense 2: `a passage from the Bible that is used as the subject of a sermon`.
    *   Sense 3: `a book prepared for use in schools or colleges` (synonyms: textbook).
    *   Sense 4: `the main body of a written work (as distinct from illustrations or footnotes etc.)`.

    *   The "negotiation text" refers to the written document containing the terms of the negotiation.
    *   It is not a Bible passage (Sense 2).
    *   It is not a school textbook (Sense 3).
    *   It is not specifically referring to the "main body" as opposed to footnotes/illustrations (Sense 4), but rather the written content/document itself.
    *   Sense 1 ("the words of something written") fits best as it describes the written content of the negotiation document.

    *   Sense 1: "the words of something written" / "textual matter". This fits a diplomatic or legal document (the "text" of a treaty or agreement).
    *   Sense 4: "the main body of a written work (as distinct from illustrations or footnotes etc.)". The context isn't contrasting the text with images or footnotes; it's contrasting a 180-page version with a 6-page version.

    *   The "negotiation text" is the written record/draft of the negotiation. This aligns with Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: climate
Target surface form: climate
Context:
The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top <t>climate</t> official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=climate%1:26:00:: | definition=the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time | synonyms=clime | examples=the dank climate of southern Wales; plants from a cold clime travel best in winter
2. sense_key=climate%1:26:01:: | definition=the prevailing psychological state | synonyms=mood | examples=the climate of opinion; the national mood had changed radically since the last election

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `climate`
    *   Target surface form: `climate`
    *   Context: "...what the U.N.'s top <t>climate</t> official, Yvo de Boer, described as 'the big picture.'"
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses greenhouse gases, global warming, carbon output, global temperature rise, and emissions.

    *   Sense 1: `climate%1:26:00::` - "the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time" (Synonym: clime).
    *   Sense 2: `climate%1:26:01::` - "the prevailing psychological state" (Synonym: mood).

    *   The context is clearly about environmental issues, specifically global warming and greenhouse gases.
    *   "U.N.'s top climate official" refers to someone dealing with the Earth's climate (weather patterns over time/global warming), not the psychological state of the U.N.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct fit.

    *   Sense 1: Weather/Environmental climate.
    *   Sense 2: Psychological/Mood climate.
    *   The context is environmental.

    *   `{"sense_index": 1}`


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: official
Target surface form: official
Context:
The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate <t>official</t>, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=official%1:18:01:: | definition=a worker who holds or is invested with an office | synonyms=functionary
2. sense_key=official%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who administers the rules of a game or sport | examples=the golfer asked for an official who could give him a ruling

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `official`
    *   Target surface form: `official`
    *   Context: "...what the U.N.'s top climate <t>official</t>, Yvo de Boer, described as 'the big picture.'"
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `official%1:18:01::`: a worker who holds or is invested with an office (synonym: functionary).
        2.  `official%1:18:00::`: someone who administers the rules of a game or sport.

    *   The context refers to "the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer".
    *   Yvo de Boer is a person working for the United Nations (U.N.), an international organization.
    *   He is not administering the rules of a game or sport.
    *   He is a worker/representative holding a position (office) within the U.N.

    *   Sense 1: "a worker who holds or is invested with an office" fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "someone who administers the rules of a game or sport" does not fit.

    *   The correct sense index is 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: picture
Target surface form: picture
Context:
The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big <t>picture</t>." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=picture%1:06:00:: | definition=a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface | synonyms=image, icon, ikon | examples=they showed us the pictures of their wedding; a movie is a series of images projected so rapidly that the eye integrates them
2. sense_key=picture%1:06:01:: | definition=graphic art consisting of an artistic composition made by applying paints to a surface | synonyms=painting | examples=a small painting by Picasso; he bought the painting as an investment
3. sense_key=picture%1:09:00:: | definition=a clear and telling mental image | synonyms=mental picture, impression | examples=he described his mental picture of his assailant; he had no clear picture of himself or his world
4. sense_key=picture%1:26:00:: | definition=a situation treated as an observable object | synonyms=scene | examples=the political picture is favorable; the religious scene in England has changed in the last century
5. sense_key=picture%1:10:00:: | definition=illustrations used to decorate or explain a text | synonyms=pictorial matter | examples=the dictionary had many pictures
6. sense_key=picture%1:10:02:: | definition=a form of entertainment that enacts a story by sound and a sequence of images giving the illusion of continuous movement | synonyms=movie, film, moving picture, moving-picture show, motion picture, motion-picture show | examples=they went to a movie every Saturday night; the film was shot on location
7. sense_key=picture%1:10:01:: | definition=the visible part of a television transmission | synonyms=video | examples=they could still receive the sound but the picture was gone
8. sense_key=picture%1:10:03:: | definition=a graphic or vivid verbal description | synonyms=word picture, word-painting, delineation, depiction, characterization, characterisation | examples=too often the narrative was interrupted by long word pictures; the author gives a depressing picture of life in Poland
9. sense_key=picture%1:09:01:: | definition=a typical example of some state or quality | examples=the very picture of a modern general; she was the picture of despair
10. sense_key=picture%1:06:02:: | definition=a representation of a person or scene in the form of a print or transparent slide; recorded by a camera on light-sensitive material | synonyms=photograph, photo, exposure, pic

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target word: "picture"
    *   Context: "...boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as 'the big picture.'"
    *   Phrase: "the big picture"

    *   Sense 1: Visual representation (image, icon).
    *   Sense 2: Graphic art (painting).
    *   Sense 3: A clear and telling mental image (mental picture, impression).
    *   Sense 4: A situation treated as an observable object (scene). Example: "the political picture is favorable".
    *   Sense 5: Illustrations in a text.
    *   Sense 6: Movie/film.
    *   Sense 7: Television transmission (video).
    *   Sense 8: Graphic or vivid verbal description.
    *   Sense 9: Typical example of some state or quality.
    *   Sense 10: Photograph.

    *   "The big picture" is an idiom meaning the overall perspective or the entire situation, rather than the small details.
    *   Looking at the candidate senses:
        *   Sense 3 (mental image/impression) is close, but "the big picture" usually refers to the overall situation.
        *   Sense 4 (a situation treated as an observable object) fits well. Example: "the political picture is favorable". "The big picture" in this context refers to the overall political/negotiation situation or the general framework of the deal.

    *   Sense 3: "a clear and telling mental image".
    *   Sense 4: "a situation treated as an observable object".
    *   In the context of "the big picture" regarding a political negotiation, it refers to the overall situation or the general overview of the state of affairs.
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 4: "the political picture is favorable". This matches the usage of "picture" to describe a situation or state of affairs.

    *   "The big picture" = the overall situation.
    *   Sense 4: "a situation treated as an observable object".
    *   Sense 3: "a clear and telling mental image".
    *   While "the big picture" is often a mental conceptualization, it describes the *situation* itself. Sense 4 specifically mentions "the political picture", which is very similar to the context of a political deal/negotiation.

    *   Sense 4: "a situation treated as an observable object" (synonym: scene). Example: "the political picture is favorable".
    *   This aligns perfectly with "the big picture" in a political/diplomatic context.