[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: run
Target surface form: running
Context:
While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and <t>running</t> for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=run%2:38:00:: | definition=move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time | examples=Don't run--you'll be out of breath; The children ran to the store
2. sense_key=run%2:38:04:: | definition=flee; take to one's heels; cut and run | synonyms=scat, scarper, turn tail, lam, run away, hightail it | examples=If you see this man, run!; The burglars escaped before the police showed up
3. sense_key=run%2:42:00:: | definition=stretch out over a distance, space, time, or scope; run or extend between two points or beyond a certain point | synonyms=go, pass, lead, extend | examples=Service runs all the way to Cranbury; His knowledge doesn't go very far
4. sense_key=run%2:41:02:: | definition=direct or control; projects, businesses, etc. | synonyms=operate | examples=She is running a relief operation in the Sudan
5. sense_key=run%2:42:04:: | definition=have a particular form | synonyms=go | examples=the story or argument runs as follows; as the saying goes...
6. sense_key=run%2:38:01:: | definition=move along, of liquids | synonyms=flow, feed, course | examples=Water flowed into the cave; the Missouri feeds into the Mississippi
7. sense_key=run%2:35:00:: | definition=perform as expected when applied | synonyms=function, work, operate, go | examples=The washing machine won't go unless it's plugged in; Does this old car still run well?
8. sense_key=run%2:42:07:: | definition=change or be different within limits | synonyms=range | examples=Estimates for the losses in the earthquake range as high as $2 billion; Interest rates run from 5 to 10 percent
9. sense_key=run%2:33:06:: | definition=run, stand, or compete for an office or a position | synonyms=campaign | examples=Who's running for treasurer this year?
10. sense_key=run%2:36:01:: | definition=cause to emit recorded audio or video | synonyms=play | examples=They ran the tapes over and over again; I'll play you my favorite record
11. sense_key=run%2:38:11:: | definition=move about freely and without restraint, or act as if running around in an uncontrolled way | examples=who are these people running around in the building?; She runs around telling everyone of her troubles
12. sense_key=run%2:42:01:: | definition=have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined | synonyms=tend, be given, lean, incline | examples=She tends to be nervous before her lectures; These dresses run small
13. sense_key=run%2:35:04:: | definition=be operating, running or functioning | examples=The car is still running--turn it off!
14. sense_key=run%2:30:03:: | definition=change from one state to another | examples=run amok; run rogue
15. sense_key=run%2:30:07:: | definition=cause to perform | examples=run a subject; run a process
16. sense_key=run%2:42:02:: | definition=be affected by; be subjected to | examples=run a temperature; run a risk
17. sense_key=run%2:42:03:: | definition=continue to exist | synonyms=prevail, persist, die hard, endure | examples=These stories die hard; The legend of Elvis endures
18. sense_key=run%2:42:06:: | definition=occur persistently | examples=Musical talent runs in the family
19. sense_key=run%2:41:00:: | definition=carry out a process or program, as on a computer or a machine | synonyms=execute | examples=Run the dishwasher; run a new program on the Mac
20. sense_key=run%2:36:02:: | definition=include as the content; broadcast or publicize | synonyms=carry | examples=We ran the ad three times; This paper carries a restaurant review
21. sense_key=run%2:36:00:: | definition=carry out | examples=run an errand
22. sense_key=run%2:35:01:: | definition=pass over, across, or through | synonyms=guide, draw, pass | examples=He ran his eyes over her body; She ran her fingers along the carved figurine
23. sense_key=run%2:42:08:: | definition=cause something to pass or lead somewhere | synonyms=lead | examples=Run the wire behind the cabinet
24. sense_key=run%2:41:01:: | definition=make without a miss
25. sense_key=run%2:40:06:: | definition=deal in illegally, such as arms or liquor | synonyms=black market
26. sense_key=run%2:38:10:: | definition=cause an animal to move fast | examples=run the dogs
27. sense_key=run%2:38:08:: | definition=be diffused | synonyms=bleed | examples=These dyes and colors are guaranteed not to run
28. sense_key=run%2:38:03:: | definition=sail before the wind
29. sense_key=run%2:38:05:: | definition=cover by running; run a certain distance | examples=She ran 10 miles that day
30. sense_key=run%2:42:05:: | definition=extend or continue for a certain period of time | synonyms=run for | examples=The film runs 5 hours
31. sense_key=run%2:41:04:: | definition=set animals loose to graze
32. sense_key=run%2:38:02:: | definition=keep company | synonyms=consort | examples=the heifers run with the bulls to produce offspring
33. sense_key=run%2:38:06:: | definition=run with the ball; in such sports as football
34. sense_key=run%2:38:13:: | definition=travel rapidly, by any (unspecified) means | examples=Run to the store!; She always runs to Italy, because she has a lover there
35. sense_key=run%2:38:09:: | definition=travel a route regularly | synonyms=ply | examples=Ships ply the waters near the coast
36. sense_key=run%2:33:02:: | definition=pursue for food or sport (as of wild animals) | synonyms=hunt, hunt down, track down | examples=Goering often hunted wild boars in Poland; The dogs are running deer
37. sense_key=run%2:33:01:: | definition=compete in a race | synonyms=race | examples=he is running the Marathon this year; let's race and see who gets there first
38. sense_key=run%2:30:02:: | definition=progress by being changed | synonyms=move, go | examples=The speech has to go through several more drafts; run through your presentation before the meeting
39. sense_key=run%2:30:00:: | definition=reduce or cause to be reduced from a solid to a liquid state, usually by heating | synonyms=melt, melt down | examples=melt butter; melt down gold
40. sense_key=run%2:30:01:: | definition=come unraveled or undone as if by snagging | synonyms=ladder | examples=Her nylons were running
41. sense_key=run%2:30:04:: | definition=become undone | synonyms=unravel | examples=the sweater unraveled

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 9}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 9}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `run`
    *   Target surface form: `running`
    *   Context: "...the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and <t>running</t> for re-election in 1982."
    *   Meaning: The Republicans were "running for re-election." This clearly refers to competing for a political office.

    *   1: move fast by using one's feet (physical running)
    *   2: flee (escape)
    *   3: stretch out over a distance/time
    *   4: direct or control (operate a business)
    *   5: have a particular form
    *   6: move along (liquids)
    *   7: perform as expected (function)
    *   8: change or be different within limits (range)
    *   9: run, stand, or compete for an office or a position (campaign)
    *   10: cause to emit recorded audio/video (play)
    *   11: move about freely/uncontrolled
    *   12: have a tendency/disposition
    *   13: be operating/functioning
    *   14: change from one state to another
    *   15: cause to perform
    *   16: be affected by/subjected to
    *   17: continue to exist
    *   18: occur persistently
    *   19: carry out a process/program (computer)
    *   20: include as content (broadcast)
    *   21: carry out (errand)
    *   22: pass over, across, or through
    *   23: cause something to pass or lead somewhere
    *   24: make without a miss
    *   25: deal in illegally
    *   26: cause an animal to move fast
    *   27: be diffused (bleed)
    *   28: sail before the wind
    *   29: cover by running (distance)
    *   30: extend or continue for a certain period of time
    *   31: set animals loose to graze
    *   32: keep company
    *   33: run with the ball (sports)
    *   34: travel rapidly
    *   35: travel a route regularly
    *   36: pursue for food or sport
    *   37: compete in a race
    *   38: progress by being changed
    *   39: reduce from solid to liquid
    *   40: come unraveled (nylons)
    *   41: become undone

    *   The context "running for re-election" matches sense 9: "run, stand, or compete for an office or a position | synonyms=campaign | examples=Who's running for treasurer this year?"

    *   Sense 9 is the perfect fit.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: freshman
Target surface form: freshmen
Context:
First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these <t>freshmen</t> placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=freshman%1:18:00:: | definition=a first-year undergraduate | synonyms=fresher
2. sense_key=freshman%1:18:01:: | definition=any new participant in some activity | synonyms=newcomer, fledgling, fledgeling, starter, neophyte, newbie

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `freshman`
    *   Target surface form: `freshmen`
    *   Context: The text discusses congressional representatives, elections, and the "Reagan revolution." Specifically, it mentions "first-term members of the House" and "52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980." The target word `freshmen` refers back to these first-term members of Congress.
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `freshman%1:18:00`: a first-year undergraduate (college student).
        2.  `freshman%1:18:01`: any new participant in some activity (newcomer, neophyte).

    *   The context is political (Congress, House of Representatives, Republicans, election).
    *   The "freshmen" are members of the House of Representatives who were first elected in 1980.
    *   They are not undergraduate students.
    *   They are "new participants" in the activity of serving in Congress.

    *   Sense 1 is specifically for college students.
    *   Sense 2 is a general term for newcomers to any activity.

    *   Sense 2 fits perfectly as it covers new participants in a professional or political role.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: place
Target surface form: placed
Context:
First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen <t>placed</t> far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=place%2:35:00:: | definition=put into a certain place or abstract location | synonyms=put, set, pose, position, lay | examples=Put your things here; Set the tray down
2. sense_key=place%2:41:01:: | definition=place somebody in a particular situation or location | examples=he was placed on probation
3. sense_key=place%2:31:01:: | definition=assign a rank or rating to | synonyms=rate, rank, range, order, grade | examples=how would you rank these students?; The restaurant is rated highly in the food guide
4. sense_key=place%2:40:00:: | definition=assign a location to | synonyms=locate, site | examples=The company located some of their agents in Los Angeles
5. sense_key=place%2:32:01:: | definition=to arrange for | examples=place a phone call; place a bet
6. sense_key=place%2:31:03:: | definition=take a place in a competition; often followed by an ordinal | synonyms=come in, come out | examples=Jerry came in third in the Marathon
7. sense_key=place%2:33:03:: | definition=intend (something) to move towards a certain goal | synonyms=target, aim, direct, point | examples=He aimed his fists towards his opponent's face; criticism directed at her superior
8. sense_key=place%2:31:00:: | definition=recognize as being; establish the identity of someone or something | synonyms=identify | examples=She identified the man on the 'wanted' poster
9. sense_key=place%2:41:00:: | definition=assign to (a job or a home)
10. sense_key=place%2:36:00:: | definition=locate | synonyms=set, localize, localise | examples=The film is set in Africa
11. sense_key=place%2:31:13:: | definition=estimate | synonyms=put, set | examples=We put the time of arrival at 8 P.M.
12. sense_key=place%2:42:00:: | definition=identify the location or place of | synonyms=localize, localise | examples=We localized the source of the infection
13. sense_key=place%2:40:03:: | definition=make an investment | synonyms=invest, put, commit | examples=Put money into bonds
14. sense_key=place%2:33:00:: | definition=assign to a station | synonyms=station, post, send
15. sense_key=place%2:33:02:: | definition=finish second or better in a horse or dog race | examples=he bet $2 on number six to place
16. sense_key=place%2:32:00:: | definition=sing a note with the correct pitch

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `place`
    *   Target surface form: `placed`
    *   Context: "Because these freshmen <t>placed</t> far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat."

    *   The phrase is "placed far more emphasis on".
    *   In this context, "placed emphasis" means to put or assign importance or focus to something.

    *   Sense 1: "put into a certain place or abstract location" (synonyms: put, set, pose, position, lay). Example: "Put your things here".
    *   Sense 2: "place somebody in a particular situation or location". Example: "he was placed on probation".
    *   Sense 3: "assign a rank or rating to" (synonyms: rate, rank, range, order, grade).
    *   Sense 4: "assign a location to" (synonyms: locate, site).
    *   Sense 5: "to arrange for" (examples: place a phone call, place a bet).
    *   Sense 6: "take a place in a competition".
    *   Sense 7: "intend (something) to move towards a certain goal" (synonyms: target, aim, direct, point).
    *   Sense 8: "recognize as being; establish the identity of someone or something".
    *   Sense 9: "assign to (a job or a home)".
    *   Sense 10: "locate" (synonyms: set, localize).
    *   Sense 11: "estimate" (synonyms: put, set).
    *   Sense 12: "identify the location or place of".
    *   Sense 13: "make an investment" (synonyms: invest, put, commit).
    *   Sense 14: "assign to a station".
    *   Sense 15: "finish second or better in a horse or dog race".
    *   Sense 16: "sing a note with the correct pitch".

    *   "Placed emphasis" is a common collocation.
    *   Does it fit Sense 1 ("put into a certain place or abstract location")? Yes, "emphasis" is an abstract location/concept. "Put emphasis on" is a synonym for "placed emphasis on".
    *   Does it fit Sense 3 ("assign a rank or rating to")? No.
    *   Does it fit Sense 11 ("estimate")? No.
    *   Does it fit Sense 13 ("make an investment")? No, though "investing effort" is similar, "placing emphasis" is more about the act of putting focus.

    *   Sense 1: "put into a certain place or abstract location".
    *   Synonyms: put, set, pose, position, lay.
    *   "Put emphasis on" is the most direct synonym for "placed emphasis on".

    *   Sense 1 is the most general and fits the "abstract location" part of the definition perfectly for "emphasis".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: emphasis
Target surface form: emphasis
Context:
First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more <t>emphasis</t> on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=emphasis%1:26:00:: | definition=special importance or significance | synonyms=accent | examples=the red light gave the central figure increased emphasis; the room was decorated in shades of grey with distinctive red accents
2. sense_key=emphasis%1:07:00:: | definition=intensity or forcefulness of expression | synonyms=vehemence | examples=the vehemence of his denial; his emphasis on civil rights
3. sense_key=emphasis%1:10:01:: | definition=special and significant stress by means of position or repetition e.g.
4. sense_key=emphasis%1:10:00:: | definition=the relative prominence of a syllable or musical note (especially with regard to stress or pitch) | synonyms=stress, accent | examples=he put the stress on the wrong syllable

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "emphasis"
    *   Target surface form: "emphasis"
    *   Context: "...Because these freshmen placed far more <t>emphasis</t> on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat."

    *   Sense 1: "special importance or significance" (synonym: accent). Example: "the red light gave the central figure increased emphasis".
    *   Sense 2: "intensity or forcefulness of expression" (synonym: vehemence). Example: "the vehemence of his denial; his emphasis on civil rights".
    *   Sense 3: "special and significant stress by means of position or repetition".
    *   Sense 4: "the relative prominence of a syllable or musical note" (synonym: stress, accent).

    *   The sentence says: "Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role... in national policy making..."
    *   This means they gave more *importance* or *priority* to their partisan role than to other things (like local benefit-seeking).
    *   It's not about the intensity of their speech (Sense 2), the position/repetition of words (Sense 3), or linguistic/musical stress (Sense 4).
    *   It's about the *importance* or *significance* they assigned to a particular role/activity.

    *   Sense 1: "special importance or significance". This fits perfectly. When someone "places emphasis on" something in a strategic or behavioral context, they are giving it special importance.
    *   Sense 2: "intensity or forcefulness of expression". While "emphasis on civil rights" is given as an example, that often overlaps with importance. However, "vehemence" is the synonym here, which implies a strong *way* of speaking/acting. The context here is about the *focus* of their political strategy (partisan role vs. local benefit-seeking), not necessarily the forcefulness of their expression.
    *   Sense 3: "special and significant stress by means of position or repetition". This is about linguistic or structural emphasis.
    *   Sense 4: "relative prominence of a syllable". This is phonetic.

    *   "Placed far more emphasis on their partisan role" = gave more importance/priority to their partisan role.
    *   Sense 1: "special importance or significance".

    *   Wait, let me re-examine Sense 2: "intensity or forcefulness of expression". Example: "his emphasis on civil rights".
    *   Let me re-examine Sense 1: "special importance or significance". Example: "the red light gave the central figure increased emphasis".
    *   In the context of "placing emphasis on [a goal/role]", it usually means prioritizing it or giving it more importance.
    *   Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 2: Sense 1 is about the *importance* itself. Sense 2 is about the *expression* of that importance. The freshmen didn't just *speak* forcefully about their partisan role; they *acted* on it (placed emphasis on it in their behavior/strategy). Therefore, "special importance or significance" (Sense 1) is the better fit.

    *   Sense 1: special importance or significance.
    *   Sense 2: intensity or forcefulness of expression.
    *   The context "placed far more emphasis on their partisan role" refers to the weight they gave to that role in their political strategy. This is "special importance".

    *   Sense 1: special importance or significance.
    *   Sense 2: intensity or forcefulness of expression.
    *   Sense 3: stress by position/repetition.
    *   Sense 4: syllable stress.
    *   The most accurate is Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: role
Target surface form: role
Context:
First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan <t>role</t> -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=role%1:04:00:: | definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=function, office, part | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part
2. sense_key=role%1:09:00:: | definition=an actor's portrayal of someone in a play | synonyms=character, theatrical role, part, persona | examples=she played the part of Desdemona
3. sense_key=role%1:07:00:: | definition=what something is used for | synonyms=function, purpose, use | examples=the function of an auger is to bore holes; ballet is beautiful but what use is it?
4. sense_key=role%1:04:01:: | definition=normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting | examples=what is your role on the team?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `role`
    *   Target surface form: `role`
    *   Context: "...Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan <t>role</t> -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `role%1:04:00::`: the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group (synonyms: function, office, part).
        2.  `role%1:09:00::`: an actor's portrayal of someone in a play (synonyms: character, theatrical role, part, persona).
        3.  `role%1:07:00::`: what something is used for (synonyms: function, purpose, use).
        4.  `role%1:04:01::`: normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting.

    *   The sentence discusses freshman Republicans in Congress.
    *   It mentions their "partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making."
    *   This refers to the expectations, activities, and functions they adopted as partisan representatives in the context of national policy.

    *   Sense 1: "the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group". This fits well. Being a partisan representative involves specific expected actions (spreading the revolution).
    *   Sense 2: "an actor's portrayal". Not applicable (not a play).
    *   Sense 3: "what something is used for". This is usually for objects (e.g., an auger). Not applicable to people in this context.
    *   Sense 4: "normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting". This is similar to Sense 1, but Sense 1 emphasizes the "assigned, required, or expected" nature, which fits the political context of a "partisan role" better.

    *   Sense 1: "the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group" (synonyms: function, office, part).
    *   Sense 4: "normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting".
    *   In the context of "partisan role," it's about the function they are expected to perform as members of a party. Sense 1 is a broader and more standard definition for a professional or political role.

    *   The context "partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution" describes the function/part they played in the political landscape. Sense 1's synonyms "function, office, part" align perfectly.

    *   Sense 1: `role%1:04:00::`
    *   Sense 2: `role%1:09:00::`
    *   Sense 3: `role%1:07:00::`
    *   Sense 4: `role%1:04:01::`
    *   Wait, the prompt asks for the index. Let's look at the list provided:
        1. sense_key=role%1:04:00::
        2. sense_key=role%1:09:00::
        3. sense_key=role%1:07:00::
        4. sense_key=role%1:04:01::

    *   The best fit is Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: spread
Target surface form: spreading
Context:
First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- <t>spreading</t> the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=spread%2:35:00:: | definition=distribute or disperse widely | synonyms=distribute | examples=The invaders spread their language all over the country
2. sense_key=spread%2:35:07:: | definition=become distributed or widespread | synonyms=propagate | examples=the infection spread; Optimism spread among the population
3. sense_key=spread%2:42:00:: | definition=spread across or over | synonyms=overspread | examples=A big oil spot spread across the water
4. sense_key=spread%2:35:03:: | definition=spread out or open from a closed or folded state | synonyms=unfold, spread out, open | examples=open the map; spread your arms
5. sense_key=spread%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to become widely known | synonyms=circulate, circularize, circularise, distribute, disseminate, propagate | examples=spread information; circulate a rumor
6. sense_key=spread%2:32:02:: | definition=become widely known and passed on | synonyms=go around, circulate | examples=the rumor spread; the story went around in the office
7. sense_key=spread%2:38:00:: | definition=strew or distribute over an area | synonyms=scatter, spread out | examples=He spread fertilizer over the lawn; scatter cards across the table
8. sense_key=spread%2:38:02:: | definition=move outward | synonyms=diffuse, spread out, fan out | examples=The soldiers fanned out
9. sense_key=spread%2:35:12:: | definition=cover by spreading something over | examples=spread the bread with cheese
10. sense_key=spread%2:35:13:: | definition=distribute over a surface in a layer | examples=spread cheese on a piece of bread

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `spread`
    *   Target surface form: `spreading`
    *   Context: "...Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- <t>spreading</t> the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat."

    *   The phrase is "spreading the Reagan revolution".
    *   "The Reagan revolution" refers to a political movement, a set of ideas, or a political shift.
    *   "Spreading" in this context means promoting, disseminating, or making these ideas/this movement widely known and accepted.

    *   Sense 1: distribute or disperse widely (e.g., language).
    *   Sense 2: become distributed or widespread (intransitive - "the infection spread").
    *   Sense 3: spread across or over (physical - "oil spot").
    *   Sense 4: spread out or open from a closed state (physical - "open the map").
    *   Sense 5: cause to become widely known (e.g., spread information, disseminate).
    *   Sense 6: become widely known and passed on (intransitive - "the rumor spread").
    *   Sense 7: strew or distribute over an area (physical - "fertilizer").
    *   Sense 8: move outward (physical - "soldiers fanned out").
    *   Sense 9: cover by spreading something over (physical - "bread with cheese").
    *   Sense 10: distribute over a surface in a layer (physical - "cheese on bread").

    *   The "Reagan revolution" is an abstract concept (a political movement/ideology).
    *   Sense 1 (distribute or disperse widely) is possible, but often refers to physical things or languages.
    *   Sense 5 (cause to become widely known; synonyms: disseminate, propagate) fits perfectly for spreading a political movement or ideology.
    *   Sense 2 and 6 are intransitive (the subject is the thing being spread), but here "freshmen" (the legislators) are the ones doing the spreading (transitive).

    *   Sense 5: "cause to become widely known" | synonyms: circulate, disseminate, propagate | examples: "spread information".
    *   "Spreading the Reagan revolution" is analogous to "spreading information" or "disseminating a movement".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: revolution
Target surface form: revolution
Context:
First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan <t>revolution</t> -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=revolution%1:11:01:: | definition=a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving | examples=the industrial revolution was also a cultural revolution
2. sense_key=revolution%1:04:00:: | definition=the overthrow of a government by those who are governed
3. sense_key=revolution%1:11:00:: | definition=a single complete turn (axial or orbital) | synonyms=rotation, gyration | examples=the plane made three rotations before it crashed; the revolution of the earth about the sun takes one year

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `revolution`
    *   Target surface form: `revolution`
    *   Context: "...the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution... spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `revolution%1:11:01::`: a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving (e.g., industrial revolution).
        2.  `revolution%1:04:00::`: the overthrow of a government by those who are governed.
        3.  `revolution%1:11:00::`: a single complete turn (axial or orbital).

    *   The phrase "Reagan revolution" refers to the significant shift in political ideology, policy, and governance associated with Ronald Reagan's presidency in the 1980s.
    *   It was not a violent overthrow of the government (Sense 2).
    *   It was not a physical rotation (Sense 3).
    *   It was a fundamental change in political thinking and behaving (Sense 1).

    *   Sense 1: "a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving". This fits the "Reagan revolution" perfectly, as it describes a paradigm shift in American conservatism and governance.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: national
Target surface form: national
Context:
First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in <t>national</t> policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=national%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country | examples=national hero; national anthem
2. sense_key=national%3:00:00:: | definition=limited to or in the interests of a particular nation | examples=national interests; isolationism is a strictly national policy
3. sense_key=national%3:00:01:: | definition=concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country | examples=the national government; national elections
4. sense_key=national%5:00:00:public:00 | definition=owned or maintained for the public by the national government | examples=national parks
5. sense_key=national%5:00:00:domestic:00 | definition=inside the country | synonyms=home, interior, internal | examples=the British Home Office has broader responsibilities than the United States Department of the Interior; the nation's internal politics
6. sense_key=national%3:01:02:: | definition=characteristic of or peculiar to the people of a nation | examples=a national trait
7. sense_key=national%3:01:01:: | definition=of or relating to nationality | examples=national origin

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `national`
    *   Target surface form: `national`
    *   Context: "...Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in <t>national</t> policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat."
    *   Key phrase: "national policy making"

    *   Sense 1: `of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country` (General)
    *   Sense 2: `limited to or in the interests of a particular nation` (Focus on limitation/interest, e.g., national interests)
    *   Sense 3: `concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country` (Focus on scope/entirety, e.g., national government, national elections)
    *   Sense 4: `owned or maintained for the public by the national government` (Public ownership, e.g., national parks)
    *   Sense 5: `inside the country` (Domestic/internal)
    *   Sense 6: `characteristic of or peculiar to the people of a nation` (Trait)
    *   Sense 7: `of or relating to nationality` (Origin)

    *   The context discusses legislators (members of Congress) and the tension between "local benefit-seeking" and "national policy making."
    *   "Local" refers to the specific district or constituency.
    *   "National" here refers to the scope of the policy—policies that affect the *entire* nation, as opposed to those that only benefit a local area.
    *   Comparing "local benefit-seeking" vs. "national policy making" strongly suggests the sense of "entire nation or country."

    *   Sense 1 is very general.
    *   Sense 2 is about interests or limitations (e.g., "national interests").
    *   Sense 3 is about scope/applicability to the *entire* nation (e.g., "national government", "national elections"). This fits perfectly with the contrast to "local benefit-seeking."
    *   Sense 4 is about ownership (parks).
    *   Sense 5 is about domestic vs. foreign.
    *   Sense 6 is about traits.
    *   Sense 7 is about nationality.

    *   The contrast is local vs. national.
    *   Local = specific district.
    *   National = the whole country.
    *   Sense 3: "concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country." This is the most precise fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: policy
Target surface form: policy
Context:
First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national <t>policy</t> making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=policy%1:09:00:: | definition=a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group | examples=it was a policy of retribution; a politician keeps changing his policies
2. sense_key=policy%1:10:00:: | definition=a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government | examples=they debated the policy or impolicy of the proposed legislation
3. sense_key=policy%1:10:02:: | definition=written contract or certificate of insurance | synonyms=insurance policy, insurance | examples=you should have read the small print on your policy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `policy`
    *   Target surface form: `policy`
    *   Context: "...legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking... Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national <t>policy</t> making, they were more vulnerable to defeat."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `policy%1:09:00::`: a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group.
        2.  `policy%1:10:00::`: a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government.
        3.  `policy%1:10:02::`: written contract or certificate of insurance.

    *   The context discusses "national policy making," "legislators," "Congress," and "government."
    *   It refers to the actions and plans of the government/legislators on a national scale.
    *   Sense 3 (insurance) is completely irrelevant.
    *   Sense 2 (line of argument rationalizing action) is too narrow; "policy making" refers to the actual creation of plans/laws, not just the arguments used to justify them.
    *   Sense 1 (a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group) fits best. A government is a social group, and national policy consists of the plans of action it adopts.

    *   Sense 1: "a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group" -> Fits "national policy making" (creating plans of action for the nation).
    *   Sense 2: "a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government" -> This is more about the *justification* for the policy rather than the policy itself.
    *   Sense 3: "written contract or certificate of insurance" -> Incorrect.

    *   The target word is "policy" in "national policy making."
    *   This refers to the general course of action or set of principles adopted by the government.
    *   Sense 1 is the standard meaning for "public policy" or "government policy."


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: making
Target surface form: making
Context:
First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy <t>making</t>, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=making%1:04:00:: | definition=the act that results in something coming to be | synonyms=devising, fashioning | examples=the devising of plans; the fashioning of pots and pans
2. sense_key=making%1:07:00:: | definition=an attribute that must be met or complied with and that fits a person for something | synonyms=qualification | examples=her qualifications for the job are excellent; one of the qualifications for admission is an academic degree
3. sense_key=making%1:06:00:: | definition=(usually plural) the components needed for making or doing something | examples=the recipe listed all the makings for a chocolate cake

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `making`
    *   Target surface form: `making`
    *   Context: "...national policy <t>making</t>..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `making%1:04:00::`: the act that results in something coming to be (synonyms: devising, fashioning).
        2.  `making%1:07:00::`: an attribute that must be met or complied with (synonym: qualification).
        3.  `making%1:06:00::`: (usually plural) the components needed for making or doing something.

    *   The phrase is "national policy making".
    *   "Policy making" refers to the process of creating, devising, or formulating policies.
    *   This aligns with "the act that results in something coming to be" (Sense 1).

    *   Sense 1: "the act that results in something coming to be" (e.g., devising plans). "Policy making" is the act of devising policies. This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "an attribute that must be met" (qualification). "National policy qualification" doesn't make sense here.
    *   Sense 3: "the components needed for making or doing something" (makings). "National policy components" doesn't fit the context of "attention to national policy making".

    *   Sense 1 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: indicate
Target surface form: indicates
Context:
Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory <t>indicates</t> why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=indicate%2:32:01:: | definition=be a signal for or a symptom of | synonyms=bespeak, betoken, point, signal | examples=These symptoms indicate a serious illness; Her behavior points to a severe neurosis
2. sense_key=indicate%2:32:03:: | definition=indicate a place, direction, person, or thing; either spatially or figuratively | synonyms=point, designate, show | examples=I showed the customer the glove section; He pointed to the empty parking space
3. sense_key=indicate%2:32:00:: | definition=to state or express briefly | examples=indicated his wishes in a letter
4. sense_key=indicate%2:32:02:: | definition=give evidence of | synonyms=argue | examples=The evidence argues for your claim; The results indicate the need for more work
5. sense_key=indicate%2:32:04:: | definition=suggest the necessity of an intervention; in medicine | synonyms=suggest | examples=Tetracycline is indicated in such cases

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `indicate`
    *   Target surface form: `indicates`
    *   Context: "Fourth, the theory <t>indicates</t> why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `be a signal for or a symptom of` (e.g., symptoms indicate illness)
        2.  `indicate a place, direction, person, or thing` (e.g., pointed to the parking space)
        3.  `to state or express briefly` (e.g., indicated wishes in a letter)
        4.  `give evidence of` (e.g., results indicate the need for more work)
        5.  `suggest the necessity of an intervention; in medicine` (e.g., Tetracycline is indicated)

    *   The sentence is: "Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office."
    *   The subject is "the theory".
    *   The object is a clause: "why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office."
    *   In this context, "the theory indicates" means the theory provides evidence for, explains, or shows that something is the case.

    *   Sense 1: "be a signal for or a symptom of". (Usually used for symptoms or signs, not theories explaining a phenomenon).
    *   Sense 2: "indicate a place, direction, person, or thing". (Spatial or figurative pointing, not applicable here).
    *   Sense 3: "to state or express briefly". (Usually used for people stating something, not a theory).
    *   Sense 4: "give evidence of". (Example: "The results indicate the need for more work". A theory providing evidence or arguing for a certain conclusion fits well here).
    *   Sense 5: "suggest the necessity of an intervention; in medicine". (Medical context, not applicable).

    *   The theory "indicates" (shows/explains/gives evidence for) why something happens.
    *   Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 4: Sense 1 is more about symptoms/signals. Sense 4 is about evidence/argument. A theory argues or gives evidence for a conclusion.
    *   Wait, let's look at Sense 4 again: "give evidence of" / "argue". "The results indicate the need for more work."
    *   Let's look at Sense 1 again: "be a signal for or a symptom of".
    *   Actually, looking at the context "the theory indicates why...", it's very similar to "the theory explains why" or "the theory shows why".
    *   Between the options, Sense 4 ("give evidence of", synonym "argue") is the closest fit for a theory providing a reason or explanation.

    *   Sense 1: Symptoms -> Illness.
    *   Sense 2: Pointing -> Glove section.
    *   Sense 3: Person -> Wishes in a letter.
    *   Sense 4: Results -> Need for more work. (Theory -> Why candidates are discouraged).
    *   Sense 5: Medicine -> Intervention.

    Sense 4 is the most appropriate.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: attract
Target surface form: attracting
Context:
Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time <t>attracting</t> viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=attract%2:35:00:: | definition=direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes | synonyms=pull, pull in, draw, draw in | examples=Her good looks attract the stares of many men; The ad pulled in many potential customers
2. sense_key=attract%2:37:00:: | definition=be attractive to | synonyms=appeal | examples=The idea of a vacation appeals to me; The beautiful garden attracted many people
3. sense_key=attract%2:35:01:: | definition=exert a force on (a body) causing it to approach or prevent it from moving away | examples=the gravitational pull of a planet attracts other bodies

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `attract`
    *   Target surface form: `attracting`
    *   Context: "...the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time <t>attracting</t> viable candidates for congressional office."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `attract%2:35:00::`: direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes (synonyms: pull, pull in, draw, draw in; examples: "Her good looks attract the stares of many men", "The ad pulled in many potential customers").
        2.  `attract%2:37:00::`: be attractive to (synonyms: appeal; examples: "The idea of a vacation appeals to me", "The beautiful garden attracted many people").
        3.  `attract%2:35:01::`: exert a force on (a body) causing it to approach or prevent it from moving away (example: "the gravitational pull of a planet attracts other bodies").

    *   The sentence is about the Republican Party having a hard time getting viable candidates to run for office.
    *   "Attracting viable candidates" means drawing them in or persuading them to join/run.

    *   Sense 3 is physical/gravitational force. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2 is "be attractive to" (e.g., "The job attracts me"). In the context "attracting viable candidates", the party is the agent doing the attracting. While "the party attracts candidates" could be interpreted as "the party is attractive to candidates", the phrasing "have a difficult time attracting" suggests an active process of drawing people in.
    *   Sense 1 is "direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes" (synonyms: pull, pull in, draw, draw in). The example "The ad pulled in many potential customers" is very similar to "The party attracting viable candidates".

    *   Sense 1: "direct toward itself... by means of some psychological power... pull in, draw in".
    *   Sense 2: "be attractive to... appeal".
    *   In "attracting viable candidates", the party is trying to *draw in* or *pull in* candidates. This aligns better with the active sense of Sense 1 (like the ad pulling in customers) than the passive state of being attractive (Sense 2).

    *   Sense 1: "The ad pulled in many potential customers" $\approx$ "The party attracting viable candidates".
    *   Sense 2: "The beautiful garden attracted many people" (This is close, but Sense 1's "pull in" fits the recruitment context of candidates better).

    Wait, let's look closer at Sense 2: "be attractive to". If the party is "attracting candidates", it means the party *is attractive to* them.
    Let's look at Sense 1 again: "direct toward itself... by means of some psychological power...".

    Actually, in many WordNet-based disambiguation tasks, "attract" in the sense of recruiting or drawing people to a cause/position is often mapped to the "draw in" sense.

    Let's compare:
    - "The party attracts candidates" (Sense 1: draws them in; Sense 2: is attractive to them).
    - "The ad pulled in many potential customers" (Sense 1).
    - "The beautiful garden attracted many people" (Sense 2).

    The "ad" example in Sense 1 is very similar to the "party" context (both are about recruitment/acquisition of people).

    Sense 1: direct toward itself... pull in, draw in.
    Sense 2: be attractive to... appeal.

    If the party is "attracting viable candidates", it is drawing them toward the goal of running for office.

    Let's re-read Sense 2: "be attractive to".
    If I say "The job attracts me", that's Sense 2.
    If I say "The company is attracting new talent", that's Sense 1 (drawing them in).

    The context "have a difficult time attracting viable candidates" sounds like the company/party is trying to draw them in.

    Sense 1: "direct toward itself... by means of some psychological power... pull in, draw in".
    Sense 2: "be attractive to".

    The "ad pulled in many potential customers" example in Sense 1 is the strongest parallel.

    Sense 1: Active process of drawing in.
    Sense 2: State of being appealing.
    "Attracting viable candidates" in the context of a political party's difficulty suggests the process of recruitment/drawing in.

    Sense 1: `attract%2:35:00::`
    Sense 2: `attract%2:37:00::`
    Sense 3: `attract%2:35:01::`

    The target is "attracting".
    Sense 1 fits best.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: candidate
Target surface form: candidates
Context:
Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable <t>candidates</t> for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=candidate%1:18:01:: | definition=a politician who is running for public office | synonyms=campaigner, nominee
2. sense_key=candidate%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) | synonyms=prospect

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `candidate`
    *   Target surface form: `candidates`
    *   Context: "...the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable <t>candidates</t> for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running..."
    *   Senses:
        1.  `candidate%1:18:01::`: a politician who is running for public office (synonyms: campaigner, nominee)
        2.  `candidate%1:18:00::`: someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) (synonyms: prospect)

    *   The context mentions "attracting viable candidates for congressional office" and "Potential candidates may be discouraged from running".
    *   The focus is specifically on people running for public office (congressional office).
    *   Sense 1 is a more specific version of Sense 2, specifically tailored to politicians running for public office.
    *   Sense 2 is a general term for anyone considered for anything.

    *   Sense 1: "a politician who is running for public office"
    *   Sense 2: "someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.)"
    *   The context is explicitly about "congressional office" and "running" for it. This fits Sense 1 perfectly.

    *   Sense 1 is the most precise fit for "candidates for congressional office".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: office
Target surface form: office
Context:
Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional <t>office</t>. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=office%1:06:00:: | definition=place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed | synonyms=business office | examples=he rented an office in the new building
2. sense_key=office%1:14:01:: | definition=an administrative unit of government | synonyms=agency, federal agency, government agency, bureau, authority | examples=the Central Intelligence Agency; the Census Bureau
3. sense_key=office%1:04:01:: | definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=function, part, role | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part
4. sense_key=office%1:26:00:: | definition=(of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power | synonyms=power | examples=being in office already gives a candidate a great advantage; during his first year in office
5. sense_key=office%1:14:00:: | definition=professional or clerical workers in an office | synonyms=office staff | examples=the whole office was late the morning of the blizzard
6. sense_key=office%1:04:00:: | definition=a religious rite or service prescribed by ecclesiastical authorities | examples=the offices of the mass
7. sense_key=office%1:04:02:: | definition=a job in an organization | synonyms=position, post, berth, spot, billet, place | examples=he occupied a post in the treasury

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 7}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 7}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `office`
    *   Target surface form: `office`
    *   Context: "...the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional <t>office</t>."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses legislators, constituents, security in office, running for re-election, and candidates for congressional office.

    *   Sense 1: Place of business (physical location).
    *   Sense 2: Administrative unit of government (agency/bureau).
    *   Sense 3: Actions/activities assigned to a person (function/role).
    *   Sense 4: Holding power (being in office).
    *   Sense 5: Office staff (people).
    *   Sense 6: Religious rite.
    *   Sense 7: A job in an organization (position/post).

    *   The phrase is "candidates for congressional office".
    *   A "candidate for congressional office" is someone running for a *position* or *post* in Congress.
    *   Sense 1 (physical place) is incorrect.
    *   Sense 2 (agency) is incorrect.
    *   Sense 3 (function/role) is close, but "candidates for a role" usually refers to the position itself.
    *   Sense 4 (holding power) refers to the *state* of being in power ("during his first year in office"), not the position one runs for.
    *   Sense 5 (staff) is incorrect.
    *   Sense 6 (religious) is incorrect.
    *   Sense 7 (job/position/post) fits perfectly. A candidate runs for a "position" or "post" (congressional office).

    *   Sense 7: "a job in an organization | synonyms=position, post, berth, spot, billet, place | examples=he occupied a post in the treasury".
    *   "Congressional office" in this context means the position of a member of Congress.

    *   Sense 4 is "holding an office means being in power". The context "candidates for congressional office" refers to the position they are seeking, not the state of being in power (though they seek that state).
    *   Sense 7 is "a job in an organization" (position/post). This is the most precise fit for "candidates for [position]".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: potential
Target surface form: Potential
Context:
Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. <t>Potential</t> candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=potential%3:00:00:: | definition=existing in possibility | synonyms=possible | examples=a potential problem; possible uses of nuclear power
2. sense_key=potential%5:00:00:prospective:00 | definition=expected to become or be; in prospect | synonyms=likely | examples=potential clients

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `potential`
    *   Target surface form: `Potential`
    *   Context: "Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. <t>Potential</t> candidates may be discouraged from running..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `potential%3:00:00::`: existing in possibility (synonym: possible; example: a potential problem)
        2.  `potential%5:00:00:prospective:00`: expected to become or be; in prospect (synonym: likely; example: potential clients)

    *   The phrase is "Potential candidates".
    *   These are people who might become candidates in the future (prospective candidates).
    *   Sense 1 refers to something that *could* exist or happen (possibility).
    *   Sense 2 refers to someone who is *expected* or *likely* to become something (prospective).

    *   "Potential clients" (Sense 2) is very similar to "potential candidates".
    *   "Potential problem" (Sense 1) refers to a possibility of a problem occurring.
    *   In the context of people who might run for office, "prospective" is the precise meaning.

    *   Sense 1: existing in possibility.
    *   Sense 2: expected to become or be; in prospect.
    *   "Potential candidates" are people who are in prospect of becoming candidates.

    *   Sense 2 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: candidate
Target surface form: candidates
Context:
Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential <t>candidates</t> may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=candidate%1:18:01:: | definition=a politician who is running for public office | synonyms=campaigner, nominee
2. sense_key=candidate%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) | synonyms=prospect

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `candidate`
    *   Target surface form: `candidates`
    *   Context: "Potential <t>candidates</t> may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent."
    *   Surrounding context: Discussing legislators, House members, running for re-election, Republican Party, congressional office, financial backers, fielding a competitive slate of congressional candidates.

    *   Sense 1: `candidate%1:18:01::` | definition: "a politician who is running for public office" | synonyms: campaigner, nominee.
    *   Sense 2: `candidate%1:18:00::` | definition: "someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.)" | synonyms: prospect.

    *   The text mentions "potential candidates" who "may be discouraged from running".
    *   The context is specifically about "congressional office".
    *   Sense 1 is a specific type of candidate: a politician running for public office.
    *   Sense 2 is a general definition: someone considered for something (including office).
    *   The phrase "potential candidates" suggests they aren't necessarily running yet (they are "potential"), but the overall context is explicitly about political office.
    *   However, Sense 1 specifically defines a candidate as a "politician who is running for public office".
    *   Sense 2 is "someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.)".
    *   Wait, if they are "potential candidates", they are people being considered (by themselves or others) for the office, but they might not be "running" yet (since they are "discouraged from running").
    *   Let's look at the synonyms. Sense 1: campaigner, nominee. Sense 2: prospect.
    *   "Potential candidates" aligns very well with "prospects".
    *   However, in the context of "congressional office", the most precise sense is usually the political one.
    *   Let's re-read: "the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running..."
    *   Sense 1: "a politician who is running for public office".
    *   Sense 2: "someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.)".
    *   If they are "potential candidates", they are not yet "running". Therefore, they aren't yet "politicians who are running". They are "someone who is considered" (or considering themselves) for the office.
    *   But usually, in these datasets, if the context is clearly political, the political sense is preferred.
    *   Let's compare:
        *   Sense 1: Politician running for office.
        *   Sense 2: Someone considered for something (general).
    *   The target word is "candidates" in "Potential candidates".
    *   If they are "potential", they are prospects.
    *   Let's look at the second occurrence: "field a competitive slate of congressional candidates." Here, they are definitely the political kind.
    *   The target is the first occurrence: "Potential <t>candidates</t>".
    *   Even for "potential candidates", the *type* of candidate being discussed is the political one.
    *   Is a "potential candidate" a "politician who is running"? No, they are potential.
    *   Is a "potential candidate" "someone who is considered for something (for an office...)"? Yes.
    *   However, Sense 1 is a hyponym of Sense 2. Sense 1 is specifically for public office.
    *   Usually, the most specific correct sense is chosen.
    *   Is a "potential candidate for congressional office" a "politician who is running for public office"? Not yet.
    *   But the *sense* of the word "candidate" in "political candidate" is Sense 1.
    *   Let's look at the synonyms again. Sense 1: campaigner, nominee. Sense 2: prospect.
    *   "Potential candidates" = "Potential prospects"? That's redundant.
    *   "Potential candidates" = people who might become "politicians running for public office".
    *   In most WSD tasks, "candidate" in a political context is mapped to the political sense.

    *   Sense 1: a politician who is running for public office.
    *   Sense 2: someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.).
    *   The context is "candidates for congressional office". This is the definition of Sense 1.
    *   The word "potential" modifies "candidates". It doesn't change the *sense* of "candidate" (the type of person), just their current status.
    *   If I say "potential doctor", the sense of "doctor" is still "medical practitioner", not "someone who is considered for a medical degree".
    *   Therefore, "potential candidate" uses the sense of "candidate" as "a politician running for public office".

    *   Sense 1: Politician running for public office.
    *   Sense 2: Someone considered for something.
    *   Context: "Potential candidates [for congressional office] may be discouraged from running..."
    *   This is clearly the political sense.

    *   Sense 1: candidate%1:18:01::
    *   Sense 2: candidate%1:18:00::
    *   The prompt asks for the index.
    *   Sense 1 is index 1.
    *   Sense 2 is index 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: discourage
Target surface form: discouraged
Context:
Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be <t>discouraged</t> from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=discourage%2:32:01:: | definition=try to prevent; show opposition to | synonyms=deter | examples=We should discourage this practice among our youth
2. sense_key=discourage%2:37:00:: | definition=deprive of courage or hope; take away hope from; cause to feel discouraged
3. sense_key=discourage%2:32:02:: | definition=admonish or counsel in terms of someone's behavior | synonyms=warn, admonish, monish | examples=I warned him not to go too far; I warn you against false assumptions

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `discourage`
    *   Target surface form: `discouraged`
    *   Context: "Potential candidates may be <t>discouraged</t> from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent."

    *   Sense 1: `discourage%2:32:01::` | definition=try to prevent; show opposition to | synonyms=deter. (Active effort to stop something).
    *   Sense 2: `discourage%2:37:00::` | definition=deprive of courage or hope; take away hope from; cause to feel discouraged. (Emotional state/loss of confidence).
    *   Sense 3: `discourage%2:32:02::` | definition=admonish or counsel in terms of someone's behavior | synonyms=warn, admonish, monish. (Giving a warning).

    *   The sentence says: "Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat..."
    *   Here, "discouraged" describes the state of the potential candidates. They are less likely to run because they lack the confidence or hope of winning (due to the prospect of defeat).
    *   Is it "trying to prevent" (Sense 1)? The *prospect of defeat* is what is doing the discouraging. While "deter" (synonym of Sense 1) fits logically ("deterred from running"), the sense of "depriving of courage or hope" (Sense 2) fits the psychological state of a candidate fearing defeat.
    *   Is it "admonishing" (Sense 3)? No, there is no one giving a warning or counsel.

    *   Sense 1 (deter/prevent) vs. Sense 2 (deprive of courage/hope).
    *   "Potential candidates may be discouraged from running..."
    *   If someone is "discouraged from doing something," it often means they are deterred (Sense 1).
    *   However, the cause is "the prospect of defeat." This prospect takes away their hope/confidence.
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 1: "deter". "Potential candidates may be deterred from running..." fits perfectly.
    *   Let's look at Sense 2: "deprive of courage or hope". "Potential candidates may be deprived of hope from running..." doesn't fit the grammar as well, but "cause to feel discouraged" does.
    *   Wait, "discouraged from [action]" is a very common construction for "deterred".
    *   Let's re-read Sense 1: "try to prevent; show opposition to". This sounds like an active agent (e.g., "The government tried to discourage smoking").
    *   In the context, the "prospect of defeat" is the agent. Does a "prospect" "try to prevent"? Not really.
    *   Sense 2: "deprive of courage or hope; take away hope from; cause to feel discouraged". The prospect of defeat causes the candidates to feel discouraged, thus they don't run.
    *   Actually, looking at WordNet's typical usage:
        *   `discourage` (deter) is often used when something makes an action seem less attractive.
        *   `discourage` (dishearten) is about the emotional state.
    *   "Discouraged from running" usually aligns with "deterred".
    *   Let's check Sense 1 again: "try to prevent; show opposition to".
    *   Let's check Sense 2 again: "deprive of courage or hope".
    *   If the candidates are "discouraged from running", they are being deterred.
    *   Is "deter" (Sense 1) or "dishearten" (Sense 2) better?
    *   "The prospect of defeat" makes them feel they cannot win (loss of hope/courage) -> Sense 2.
    *   "The prospect of defeat" makes them decide not to run (deterrence) -> Sense 1.
    *   Usually, "discouraged from [verb-ing]" maps to "deter".
    *   Let's look at the examples for Sense 1: "We should discourage this practice among our youth". (Active prevention).
    *   Let's look at the definition for Sense 2: "deprive of courage or hope".
    *   In the sentence "Potential candidates may be discouraged from running...", the focus is on the candidates' lack of motivation/confidence due to the risk. This is a classic "dishearten" sense.
    *   Wait, let me re-evaluate. "Deter" is often used for external obstacles. "Dishearten" is internal. The "prospect of defeat" is an external factor that creates an internal state of discouragement.
    *   Actually, in many WordNet-based datasets, "discouraged from [doing something]" is mapped to the "deter" sense (Sense 1).
    *   Let's compare:
        1. Deter: "The high price discouraged me from buying the car."
        2. Dishearten: "He was discouraged by the repeated failures."
    *   The target sentence: "Potential candidates may be discouraged from running... by the prospect of defeat."
    *   This is very similar to "The high price discouraged me from buying the car." The "prospect of defeat" is the "high price".
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 (deter) is the most likely fit.

    *   Sense 1: try to prevent; show opposition to; synonyms=deter.
    *   Sense 2: deprive of courage or hope.
    *   If I say "I was discouraged from applying for the job because I didn't have a degree," I am being deterred.
    *   If I say "I was discouraged after my first interview," I am disheartened.
    *   The context "discouraged from running... by the prospect of defeat" fits the "deterred from [action]" pattern.

    *   Sense 1: discourage (deter)
    *   Sense 2: discourage (dishearten)
    *   Sense 3: discourage (warn)
    *   The phrase "discouraged from running" strongly points to Sense 1.