[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: even
Target surface form: even
Context:
Like all genes, tumor-suppressor genes are inherited in two copies, one from each parent. Either copy can make the proteins needed to control cell growth, so for cancer to arise, both copies must be impaired. A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew <t>even</t> before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=even%4:02:00:: | definition=used as an intensive especially to indicate something unexpected | examples=even an idiot knows that; declined even to consider the idea
2. sense_key=even%4:02:03:: | definition=in spite of; notwithstanding | examples=even when he is sick, he works; even with his head start she caught up with him
3. sense_key=even%4:02:01:: | definition=to a greater degree or extent; used with comparisons | synonyms=yet, still | examples=looked sick and felt even worse; an even (or still) more interesting problem
4. sense_key=even%4:02:04:: | definition=to the full extent | examples=loyal even unto death

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `even`
    *   Target surface form: `even`
    *   Context: "The Dedham, Mass., couple knew <t>even</t> before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `even%4:02:00`: intensive, something unexpected (e.g., "even an idiot knows that").
        2.  `even%4:02:03`: in spite of; notwithstanding (e.g., "even when he is sick, he works").
        3.  `even%4:02:01`: to a greater degree or extent; used with comparisons (e.g., "even worse").
        4.  `even%4:02:04`: to the full extent (e.g., "loyal even unto death").

    *   "The Dedham, Mass., couple knew <t>even</t> before Bonnie became pregnant..."
    *   Here, "even" is used to emphasize that the knowledge existed *before* a certain point in time. It's highlighting the earliness of the knowledge.
    *   Does it mean "unexpectedly"? (Sense 1) - Yes, it's emphasizing that they knew it *even* before the pregnancy, which might be seen as an early or surprising point in time.
    *   Does it mean "in spite of"? (Sense 2) - No. "In spite of before Bonnie became pregnant" doesn't make sense.
    *   Does it mean "to a greater degree/extent" (comparative)? (Sense 3) - No. There is no comparison like "even more" or "even worse".
    *   Does it mean "to the full extent"? (Sense 4) - No.

    *   Sense 1: "used as an intensive especially to indicate something unexpected".
    *   Example: "even an idiot knows that".
    *   In the sentence "knew even before Bonnie became pregnant", "even" is intensifying the temporal phrase "before Bonnie became pregnant". It suggests that the knowledge preceded the pregnancy, which is an emphasized (and perhaps surprising) point of time.

    *   Wait, let me re-evaluate Sense 1 vs Sense 2.
    *   Sense 2: "in spite of; notwithstanding". Example: "even when he is sick, he works".
    *   "even before Bonnie became pregnant" -> "notwithstanding the fact that it was before Bonnie became pregnant"? No.
    *   Let's look at Sense 1 again: "used as an intensive especially to indicate something unexpected".
    *   "They knew [even before she became pregnant]" -> The emphasis is on the earliness. This fits the "intensive" usage.

    *   Sense 1: Intensive/Unexpected.
    *   Sense 2: In spite of.
    *   Sense 3: Comparative.
    *   Sense 4: Full extent.

    The usage "even before" is a common way to emphasize that something happened earlier than one might expect. This aligns best with Sense 1 (intensive).

    *Self-Correction/Double Check:*
    Is "even before" a specific construction?
    "Even before" often functions as an intensive to emphasize the earliness.
    Example: "Even before the movie started, people were talking."
    This is an intensive use.

    Let's check Sense 2 again: "even when he is sick, he works". This is a concessive use. "Even before" in the target sentence is not concessive.

    Therefore, Sense 1 is the most appropriate.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: before
Target surface form: before
Context:
Like all genes, tumor-suppressor genes are inherited in two copies, one from each parent. Either copy can make the proteins needed to control cell growth, so for cancer to arise, both copies must be impaired. A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even <t>before</t> Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=before%4:02:03:: | definition=earlier in time; previously | synonyms=earlier | examples=I had known her before; as I said before
2. sense_key=before%4:02:01:: | definition=at or in the front | synonyms=ahead, in front | examples=I see the lights of a town ahead; the road ahead is foggy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "before"
    *   Target surface form: "before"
    *   Context: "The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even <t>before</t> Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `before%4:02:03::` (earlier in time; previously)
        2.  `before%4:02:01::` (at or in the front)

    *   The sentence says "knew even before Bonnie became pregnant".
    *   This refers to a point in time preceding the event of becoming pregnant.
    *   This is a temporal usage, not a spatial one.

    *   Sense 1: "earlier in time; previously" (Temporal)
    *   Sense 2: "at or in the front" (Spatial)

    *   The context clearly indicates a temporal relationship.

    *   Sense 1 is the correct match.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: become
Target surface form: became
Context:
Like all genes, tumor-suppressor genes are inherited in two copies, one from each parent. Either copy can make the proteins needed to control cell growth, so for cancer to arise, both copies must be impaired. A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie <t>became</t> pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=become%2:30:00:: | definition=enter or assume a certain state or condition | synonyms=go, get | examples=He became annoyed when he heard the bad news; It must be getting more serious
2. sense_key=become%2:42:01:: | definition=undergo a change or development | synonyms=turn | examples=The water turned into ice; Her former friend became her worst enemy
3. sense_key=become%2:42:00:: | definition=come into existence | examples=What becomes has duration
4. sense_key=become%2:42:03:: | definition=enhance the appearance of | synonyms=suit | examples=Mourning becomes Electra; This behavior doesn't suit you!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `become`
    *   Target surface form: `became`
    *   Context: "...The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie <t>became</t> pregnant in 1987..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `become%2:30:00::`: enter or assume a certain state or condition (e.g., "became annoyed", "getting more serious").
        2.  `become%2:42:01::`: undergo a change or development (e.g., "turned into ice", "became her worst enemy").
        3.  `become%2:42:00::`: come into existence.
        4.  `become%2:42:03::`: enhance the appearance of (e.g., "suit").

    *   The phrase is "became pregnant".
    *   "Pregnant" is a state or condition.
    *   "Became pregnant" means Bonnie entered the state of being pregnant.

    *   Sense 1: "enter or assume a certain state or condition". This fits perfectly. "Pregnant" is a state/condition.
    *   Sense 2: "undergo a change or development". While pregnancy is a change, "become [adjective]" usually maps to Sense 1 (assuming a state). Sense 2 is often used for transformations (e.g., water to ice).
    *   Sense 3: "come into existence". Not applicable.
    *   Sense 4: "enhance the appearance of". Not applicable.

    *   Sense 1 is the standard sense for "become" followed by an adjective describing a state (e.g., become angry, become tired, become pregnant).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: pregnant
Target surface form: pregnant
Context:
Like all genes, tumor-suppressor genes are inherited in two copies, one from each parent. Either copy can make the proteins needed to control cell growth, so for cancer to arise, both copies must be impaired. A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became <t>pregnant</t> in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=pregnant%3:00:00:: | definition=carrying developing offspring within the body or being about to produce new life
2. sense_key=pregnant%5:00:00:meaningful:00 | definition=rich in significance or implication | synonyms=meaning, significant | examples=a meaning look
3. sense_key=pregnant%5:00:00:full:00 | definition=filled with or attended with | synonyms=fraught | examples=words fraught with meaning; an incident fraught with danger

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "pregnant"
    *   Target surface form: "pregnant"
    *   Context: "...The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became <t>pregnant</t> in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `pregnant%3:00:00::`: carrying developing offspring within the body or being about to produce new life.
        2.  `pregnant%5:00:00:meaningful:00`: rich in significance or implication.
        3.  `pregnant%5:00:00:full:00`: filled with or attended with.

    *   The sentence mentions a couple (Bill and Bonnie Quinlan) and the possibility of their "child" having a genetic risk.
    *   "Bonnie became pregnant in 1987" clearly refers to the biological state of carrying a child.

    *   Sense 1: "carrying developing offspring within the body" - Matches perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "rich in significance" - Does not match.
    *   Sense 3: "filled with or attended with" - Does not match.

    *   The correct sense index is 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: child
Target surface form: child
Context:
Like all genes, tumor-suppressor genes are inherited in two copies, one from each parent. Either copy can make the proteins needed to control cell growth, so for cancer to arise, both copies must be impaired. A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any <t>child</t> of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=child%1:18:00:: | definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
2. sense_key=child%1:18:01:: | definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=kid | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
3. sense_key=child%1:18:06:: | definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=baby | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
4. sense_key=child%1:18:07:: | definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `child`
    *   Target surface form: `child`
    *   Context: "...The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any <t>child</t> of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `child%1:18:00`: a young person of either sex (age-based).
        2.  `child%1:18:01`: a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age (relationship-based).
        3.  `child%1:18:06`: an immature childish person (behavior-based).
        4.  `child%1:18:07`: a member of a clan or tribe.

    *   The sentence says "any child of theirs".
    *   "Of theirs" indicates a familial relationship (offspring).
    *   The context discusses genetic inheritance ("inherited in two copies", "one from each parent", "born with one defective copy").
    *   The focus is on the biological relationship between the parents (Bill and Bonnie) and their potential offspring.

    *   Sense 1 focuses on age (young person).
    *   Sense 2 focuses on the relationship (offspring of any age).
    *   Sense 3 focuses on immaturity.
    *   Sense 4 focuses on clan/tribe membership.

    *   While a child is usually young, the phrase "child of theirs" specifically denotes the offspring relationship. In genetic contexts, "child" refers to the offspring regardless of their current age (though in this specific sentence, the child hasn't been born yet, but the *category* is offspring).
    *   Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 2: Sense 1 is "a young person", Sense 2 is "a human offspring... of any age". "Child of theirs" strongly points to Sense 2.

    *   Sense 2: "a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age". This fits perfectly with "child of theirs" in the context of genetic inheritance.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: chance
Target surface form: chance
Context:
Like all genes, tumor-suppressor genes are inherited in two copies, one from each parent. Either copy can make the proteins needed to control cell growth, so for cancer to arise, both copies must be impaired. A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% <t>chance</t> of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=chance%1:26:00:: | definition=a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances | synonyms=opportunity | examples=the holiday gave us the opportunity to visit Washington; now is your chance
2. sense_key=chance%1:19:00:: | definition=an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another | synonyms=luck, fortune, hazard | examples=bad luck caused his downfall; we ran into each other by pure chance
3. sense_key=chance%1:04:00:: | definition=a risk involving danger | examples=you take a chance when you let her drive
4. sense_key=chance%1:07:00:: | definition=a measure of how likely it is that some event will occur; a number expressing the ratio of favorable cases to the whole number of cases possible | synonyms=probability | examples=the probability that an unbiased coin will fall with the head up is 0.5
5. sense_key=chance%1:26:01:: | definition=the possibility of future success | synonyms=prospect | examples=his prospects as a writer are excellent

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `chance`
    *   Target surface form: `chance`
    *   Context: "...any child of theirs had a 50% <t>chance</t> of being at risk for retinoblastoma..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `chance%1:26:00::`: possibility due to favorable circumstances (opportunity).
        2.  `chance%1:19:00::`: unknown/unpredictable phenomenon (luck, fortune).
        3.  `chance%1:04:00::`: risk involving danger.
        4.  `chance%1:07:00::`: measure of how likely it is that some event will occur (probability).
        5.  `chance%1:26:01::`: possibility of future success (prospect).

    *   The phrase is "a 50% chance of being at risk".
    *   "50%" is a numerical value representing probability.
    *   The context is about genetic inheritance (Mendelian genetics), where the likelihood of inheriting a gene is calculated as a probability.

    *   Sense 1 (opportunity): Not an opportunity in the positive sense.
    *   Sense 2 (luck): Not referring to "pure chance" or "luck" as a force, but a specific probability.
    *   Sense 3 (risk): While being at risk for cancer is dangerous, "50% chance" specifically refers to the *probability* of that risk existing.
    *   Sense 4 (probability): "a measure of how likely it is that some event will occur; a number expressing the ratio of favorable cases to the whole number of cases possible". This fits perfectly with "50% chance".
    *   Sense 5 (prospect): Not about future success.

    *   The use of "50%" strongly points to Sense 4 (probability).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: eye
Target surface form: eye
Context:
Like all genes, tumor-suppressor genes are inherited in two copies, one from each parent. Either copy can make the proteins needed to control cell growth, so for cancer to arise, both copies must be impaired. A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an <t>eye</t> cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=eye%1:08:00:: | definition=the organ of sight | synonyms=oculus, optic
2. sense_key=eye%1:09:00:: | definition=good discernment (either visually or as if visually) | examples=she has an eye for fresh talent; he has an artist's eye
3. sense_key=eye%1:09:01:: | definition=attention to what is seen | examples=he tried to catch her eye
4. sense_key=eye%1:15:00:: | definition=an area that is approximately central within some larger region | synonyms=center, centre, middle, heart | examples=it is in the center of town; they ran forward into the heart of the struggle
5. sense_key=eye%1:06:00:: | definition=a small hole or loop (as in a needle) | examples=the thread wouldn't go through the eye

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "eye"
    *   Target surface form: "eye"
    *   Context: "...retinoblastoma, an <t>eye</t> cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births."
    *   Additional context: "Mr. Quinlan... having lost an eye to the rare tumor..."

    *   Sense 1: "the organ of sight" (oculus, optic)
    *   Sense 2: "good discernment" (e.g., "eye for fresh talent")
    *   Sense 3: "attention to what is seen" (e.g., "catch her eye")
    *   Sense 4: "an area that is approximately central" (center, heart)
    *   Sense 5: "a small hole or loop" (e.g., "eye of a needle")

    *   The context mentions "retinoblastoma, an eye cancer".
    *   Retinoblastoma is a cancer of the retina, which is part of the organ of sight.
    *   The subsequent sentence mentions "lost an eye to the rare tumor", referring to the physical organ.
    *   This clearly matches Sense 1: "the organ of sight".

    *   Sense 1: Organ of sight. (Correct)
    *   Sense 2: Discernment. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 3: Attention. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 4: Center. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 5: Small hole. (Incorrect)


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cancer
Target surface form: cancer
Context:
Like all genes, tumor-suppressor genes are inherited in two copies, one from each parent. Either copy can make the proteins needed to control cell growth, so for cancer to arise, both copies must be impaired. A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye <t>cancer</t> that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: | definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream | synonyms=malignant neoplastic disease
2. sense_key=cancer%1:18:00:: | definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer | synonyms=Crab
3. sense_key=cancer%1:17:00:: | definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
4. sense_key=cancer%1:15:00:: | definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22 | synonyms=Cancer the Crab, Crab
5. sense_key=cancer%1:05:00:: | definition=type genus of the family Cancridae | synonyms=genus Cancer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "cancer"
    *   Target surface form: "cancer"
    *   Context: "...retinoblastoma, an eye <t>cancer</t> that occurs about once every 20,000 births."
    *   Surrounding context: Mentions "tumor-suppressor genes", "cell growth", "malignant growth", "retinoblastoma", "rare tumor".

    *   Sense 1: "any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division..." (Medical/Biological)
    *   Sense 2: "(astrology) a person born while the sun is in Cancer" (Astrological person)
    *   Sense 3: "a small zodiacal constellation..." (Astronomical)
    *   Sense 4: "the fourth sign of the zodiac..." (Astrological sign)
    *   Sense 5: "type genus of the family Cancridae" (Biological genus - crabs)

    *   The context explicitly mentions "retinoblastoma", "eye cancer", "tumor-suppressor genes", and "malignant growth".
    *   This aligns perfectly with Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: occur
Target surface form: occurs
Context:
Like all genes, tumor-suppressor genes are inherited in two copies, one from each parent. Either copy can make the proteins needed to control cell growth, so for cancer to arise, both copies must be impaired. A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that <t>occurs</t> about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=occur%2:30:00:: | definition=come to pass | synonyms=happen, hap, go on, pass off, pass, fall out | examples=What is happening?; The meeting took place off without an incidence
2. sense_key=occur%2:31:00:: | definition=come to one's mind; suggest itself | synonyms=come | examples=It occurred to me that we should hire another secretary; A great idea then came to her
3. sense_key=occur%2:42:03:: | definition=to be found to exist | examples=sexism occurs in many workplaces; precious stones occur in a large area in Brazil

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `occur`
    *   Target surface form: `occurs`
    *   Context: "...retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that <t>occurs</t> about once every 20,000 births."

    *   Sense 1: `come to pass` (happen, take place). Example: "What is happening?"
    *   Sense 2: `come to one's mind; suggest itself`. Example: "It occurred to me..."
    *   Sense 3: `to be found to exist`. Example: "sexism occurs in many workplaces."

    *   The sentence describes the frequency/prevalence of a disease (retinoblastoma) in a population ("about once every 20,000 births").
    *   Does it mean "happen" (Sense 1)? In a loose sense, yes, but "occur" in the context of medical prevalence or biological existence usually aligns with "be found to exist" or "be present."
    *   Does it mean "come to mind" (Sense 2)? No.
    *   Does it mean "be found to exist" (Sense 3)? Yes. When talking about the incidence or prevalence of a condition in a population, "occur" means that the condition is found or exists in those cases.

    *   Sense 1 (happen) is often used for events (e.g., "The accident occurred at 5 PM").
    *   Sense 3 (be found to exist) is used for characteristics, species, minerals, or diseases within a population or area (e.g., "This species occurs only in Madagascar").
    *   "An eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births" describes the frequency of the condition's existence in the population.

    *   Sense 1: "come to pass" (event-based).
    *   Sense 3: "to be found to exist" (existence/prevalence-based).
    *   Medical incidence is typically treated as the existence of the condition in a certain number of cases.

    *   Wait, let me re-evaluate. "Occurs once every 20,000 births" could be seen as "happens" (Sense 1).
    *   However, Sense 3 ("to be found to exist") is specifically used for things like "sexism occurs in many workplaces" or "precious stones occur in a large area." A disease occurring in a population is very similar to a mineral occurring in a region.
    *   Let's look at Sense 1 again: "come to pass" (happen). "The meeting took place."
    *   Comparing "The cancer occurs in 1 in 20,000 births" vs "The cancer happens in 1 in 20,000 births." Both are possible, but "be found to exist" (Sense 3) is the standard linguistic categorization for prevalence/distribution.

    *   Sense 1: Event (The crash occurred).
    *   Sense 3: Distribution/Existence (The mineral occurs in the crust).
    *   Disease prevalence is a distribution/existence pattern.

    *   Sense 3 is the best fit for prevalence/incidence of a condition.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: about
Target surface form: about
Context:
Like all genes, tumor-suppressor genes are inherited in two copies, one from each parent. Either copy can make the proteins needed to control cell growth, so for cancer to arise, both copies must be impaired. A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs <t>about</t> once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=about%4:02:00:: | definition=(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct | synonyms=approximately, close to, just about, some, roughly, more or less | examples=lasted approximately an hour; in just about a minute
2. sense_key=about%4:02:06:: | definition=all around or on all sides | synonyms=around | examples=dirty clothes lying around (or about); let's look about for help
3. sense_key=about%4:02:01:: | definition=in the area or vicinity | synonyms=around | examples=a few spectators standing about; hanging around
4. sense_key=about%4:02:04:: | definition=used of movement to or among many different places or in no particular direction | synonyms=around | examples=wandering about with no place to go; people were rushing about
5. sense_key=about%4:02:02:: | definition=in or to a reversed position or direction | synonyms=around | examples=about face; suddenly she turned around
6. sense_key=about%4:02:03:: | definition=in rotation or succession | examples=turn about is fair play
7. sense_key=about%4:02:05:: | definition=(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but | synonyms=almost, most, nearly, near, nigh, virtually | examples=the job is (just) about done; the baby was almost asleep when the alarm sounded

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "about"
    *   Target surface form: "about"
    *   Context: "...an eye cancer that occurs <t>about</t> once every 20,000 births."

    *   Sense 1: (of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct (approximately, roughly).
    *   Sense 2: all around or on all sides (around).
    *   Sense 3: in the area or vicinity (around).
    *   Sense 4: movement to or among many different places (around).
    *   Sense 5: in or to a reversed position or direction (around).
    *   Sense 6: in rotation or succession.
    *   Sense 7: slightly short of or not quite accomplished (almost).

    *   The phrase is "about once every 20,000 births."
    *   "Once every 20,000 births" is a quantity/frequency.
    *   "About" here means "approximately" or "roughly."

    *   Sense 1 matches "approximately" and "imprecise but fairly close to correct" regarding quantities.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: once
Target surface form: once
Context:
Like all genes, tumor-suppressor genes are inherited in two copies, one from each parent. Either copy can make the proteins needed to control cell growth, so for cancer to arise, both copies must be impaired. A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about <t>once</t> every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=once%4:02:00:: | definition=on one occasion | synonyms=one time, in one case | examples=once I ran into her
2. sense_key=once%4:02:02:: | definition=as soon as | examples=once we are home, we can rest
3. sense_key=once%4:02:01:: | definition=at a previous time | synonyms=formerly, at one time, erstwhile, erst | examples=at one time he loved her; her erstwhile writing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "once"
    *   Target surface form: "once"
    *   Context: "...an eye cancer that occurs about <t>once</t> every 20,000 births."

    *   Sense 1: `once%4:02:00::` | definition: "on one occasion" | synonyms: "one time", "in one case" | examples: "once I ran into her"
    *   Sense 2: `once%4:02:02::` | definition: "as soon as" | examples: "once we are home, we can rest"
    *   Sense 3: `once%4:02:01::` | definition: "at a previous time" | synonyms: "formerly", "at one time", "erstwhile", "erst" | examples: "at one time he loved her; her erstwhile writing"

    *   The phrase is "once every 20,000 births".
    *   This describes frequency or rate.
    *   "Once" here means "one time" in a specific interval or set (every 20,000 births).
    *   Comparing with the senses:
        *   Sense 1 ("on one occasion", "one time") fits the idea of a single occurrence within a set.
        *   Sense 2 ("as soon as") is a conjunction indicating time/sequence. Not applicable.
        *   Sense 3 ("at a previous time", "formerly") refers to the past. Not applicable.

    *   Sense 1 is the only one that fits the meaning of "one time" or "on one occasion" (even though it's used here to describe a rate/frequency).

    *   Sense 1: "on one occasion" / "one time".
    *   Context: "once every 20,000 births" -> "one time every 20,000 births".
    *   This is the correct sense.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: birth
Target surface form: births
Context:
Like all genes, tumor-suppressor genes are inherited in two copies, one from each parent. Either copy can make the proteins needed to control cell growth, so for cancer to arise, both copies must be impaired. A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 <t>births</t>. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=birth%1:28:00:: | definition=the time when something begins (especially life) | examples=they divorced after the birth of the child; his election signaled the birth of a new age
2. sense_key=birth%1:11:00:: | definition=the event of being born | synonyms=nativity, nascency, nascence | examples=they celebrated the birth of their first child
3. sense_key=birth%1:22:00:: | definition=the process of giving birth | synonyms=parturition, giving birth, birthing
4. sense_key=birth%1:24:00:: | definition=the kinship relation of an offspring to the parents | synonyms=parentage
5. sense_key=birth%1:18:00:: | definition=a baby born; an offspring | examples=the overall rate of incidence of Down's syndrome is one in every 800 births

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `birth`
    *   Target surface form: `births`
    *   Context: "...an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 <t>births</t>."

    *   Sense 1: `the time when something begins (especially life)` (e.g., "birth of a new age")
    *   Sense 2: `the event of being born` (e.g., "celebrated the birth of their first child")
    *   Sense 3: `the process of giving birth` (e.g., parturition)
    *   Sense 4: `the kinship relation of an offspring to the parents` (e.g., parentage)
    *   Sense 5: `a baby born; an offspring` (e.g., "the overall rate of incidence of Down's syndrome is one in every 800 births")

    *   The phrase is "once every 20,000 births".
    *   This is a statistical measure of incidence.
    *   It refers to the number of babies born.
    *   Comparing this to the candidate senses:
        *   Sense 1 (time/beginning) doesn't fit a count of individuals.
        *   Sense 2 (event) is close, but usually refers to a specific instance of being born.
        *   Sense 3 (process) refers to the biological act of delivery.
        *   Sense 4 (kinship) is irrelevant.
        *   Sense 5 (a baby born; an offspring) specifically provides the example: "the overall rate of incidence of Down's syndrome is one in every 800 births". This matches the context "once every 20,000 births" perfectly.

    *   The context "once every 20,000 births" is a direct parallel to the example in Sense 5 ("one in every 800 births").


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: know
Target surface form: knew
Context:
Either copy can make the proteins needed to control cell growth, so for cancer to arise, both copies must be impaired. A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, <t>knew</t> he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=know%2:31:01:: | definition=be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about | synonyms=cognize, cognise | examples=I know that the President lied to the people; I want to know who is winning the game!
2. sense_key=know%2:31:03:: | definition=know how to do or perform something | examples=She knows how to knit; Does your husband know how to cook?
3. sense_key=know%2:31:02:: | definition=be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt | examples=I know that I left the key on the table; Galileo knew that the earth moves around the sun
4. sense_key=know%2:31:00:: | definition=be familiar or acquainted with a person or an object | examples=She doesn't know this composer; Do you know my sister?
5. sense_key=know%2:31:04:: | definition=have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations | synonyms=experience, live | examples=I know the feeling!; have you ever known hunger?
6. sense_key=know%2:31:06:: | definition=accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority | synonyms=acknowledge, recognize, recognise | examples=The Crown Prince was acknowledged as the true heir to the throne; We do not recognize your gods
7. sense_key=know%2:31:15:: | definition=have fixed in the mind | examples=I know Latin; This student knows her irregular verbs
8. sense_key=know%2:35:00:: | definition=have sexual intercourse with | synonyms=sleep together, roll in the hay, love, make out, make love, sleep with | examples=This student sleeps with everyone in her dorm; Adam knew Eve
9. sense_key=know%2:31:11:: | definition=know the nature or character of | examples=we all knew her as a big show-off
10. sense_key=know%2:31:12:: | definition=be able to distinguish, recognize as being different | examples=The child knows right from wrong
11. sense_key=know%2:31:14:: | definition=perceive as familiar | examples=I know this voice!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `know`
    *   Target surface form: `knew`
    *   Context: "Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, <t>knew</t> he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old..."
    *   Meaning: Mr. Quinlan was aware of the fact that he carried a damaged gene.

    *   Sense 1: be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about. (Example: "I know that the President lied to the people")
    *   Sense 2: know how to do or perform something. (Example: "She knows how to knit")
    *   Sense 3: be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt. (Example: "I know that I left the key on the table")
    *   Sense 4: be familiar or acquainted with a person or an object. (Example: "Do you know my sister?")
    *   Sense 5: have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations. (Example: "I know the feeling!")
    *   Sense 6: accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority. (Example: "The Crown Prince was acknowledged...")
    *   Sense 7: have fixed in the mind. (Example: "I know Latin")
    *   Sense 8: have sexual intercourse with. (Example: "Adam knew Eve")
    *   Sense 9: know the nature or character of. (Example: "we all knew her as a big show-off")
    *   Sense 10: be able to distinguish, recognize as being different. (Example: "The child knows right from wrong")
    *   Sense 11: perceive as familiar. (Example: "I know this voice!")

    *   The context is "Mr. Quinlan... knew he carried a damaged gene".
    *   This is a statement of fact/information that he was aware of.
    *   Sense 1: "be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information". This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 3: "be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt". This is very similar to Sense 1.

    *   Sense 1 focuses on possessing information/being cognizant of a fact.
    *   Sense 3 focuses on the *truth* or *belief/faith* in something.
    *   In the context "knew he carried a damaged gene", it's more about possessing the information (likely from medical diagnosis or family history) than a matter of faith or belief.
    *   Looking at the examples:
        *   Sense 1: "I know that the President lied to the people" (fact/information).
        *   Sense 3: "I know that I left the key on the table" (truth/certainty).
    *   Actually, in many WordNet-based systems, Sense 1 is the general "aware of a fact" sense. Let's re-examine.
    *   "Mr. Quinlan... knew he carried a damaged gene" -> He was aware of this fact.

    *   Sense 1: be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information.
    *   Sense 3: be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something.
    *   The distinction is subtle. Sense 1 is more about the *possession* of information, while Sense 3 is more about the *conviction* of truth.
    *   Given the medical context (he lost an eye, he knows he has the gene), it's a known fact. Sense 1 is the most direct fit for "aware of a fact".

    *   Sense 1: "be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information"
    *   Context: "knew he carried a damaged gene"
    *   This matches perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: carry
Target surface form: carried
Context:
Either copy can make the proteins needed to control cell growth, so for cancer to arise, both copies must be impaired. A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he <t>carried</t> a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=carry%2:35:02:: | definition=move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body | synonyms=transport | examples=You must carry your camping gear; carry the suitcases to the car
2. sense_key=carry%2:42:01:: | definition=have with oneself; have on one's person | synonyms=pack, take | examples=She always takes an umbrella; I always carry money
3. sense_key=carry%2:38:03:: | definition=transmit or serve as the medium for transmission | synonyms=impart, conduct, transmit, convey, channel | examples=Sound carries well over water; The airwaves carry the sound
4. sense_key=carry%2:32:02:: | definition=serve as a means for expressing something | synonyms=convey, express | examples=The painting of Mary carries motherly love; His voice carried a lot of anger
5. sense_key=carry%2:35:09:: | definition=bear or be able to bear the weight, pressure,or responsibility of | examples=His efforts carried the entire project; How many credits is this student carrying?
6. sense_key=carry%2:35:01:: | definition=support or hold in a certain manner | synonyms=hold, bear | examples=She holds her head high; He carried himself upright
7. sense_key=carry%2:42:03:: | definition=contain or hold; have within | synonyms=hold, bear, contain | examples=The jar carries wine; The canteen holds fresh water
8. sense_key=carry%2:41:00:: | definition=extend to a certain degree | examples=carry too far; She carries her ideas to the extreme
9. sense_key=carry%2:30:05:: | definition=continue or extend | synonyms=extend | examples=The civil war carried into the neighboring province; The disease extended into the remote mountain provinces
10. sense_key=carry%2:42:02:: | definition=be necessarily associated with or result in or involve | examples=This crime carries a penalty of five years in prison
11. sense_key=carry%2:33:01:: | definition=win in an election | examples=The senator carried his home state
12. sense_key=carry%2:31:12:: | definition=include, as on a list | examples=How many people are carried on the payroll?
13. sense_key=carry%2:41:01:: | definition=behave in a certain manner | synonyms=behave, acquit, bear, deport, conduct, comport | examples=She carried herself well; he bore himself with dignity
14. sense_key=carry%2:40:00:: | definition=have on hand | synonyms=stock, stockpile | examples=Do you carry kerosene heaters?
15. sense_key=carry%2:36:00:: | definition=include as the content; broadcast or publicize | synonyms=run | examples=We ran the ad three times; This paper carries a restaurant review
16. sense_key=carry%2:35:08:: | definition=propel, | synonyms=dribble | examples=Carry the ball; dribble the ball
17. sense_key=carry%2:32:07:: | definition=pass on a communication | examples=The news was carried to every village in the province
18. sense_key=carry%2:42:13:: | definition=have as an inherent or characteristic feature or have as a consequence | examples=This new washer carries a two year guarantee; The loan carries a high interest rate
19. sense_key=carry%2:42:15:: | definition=be conveyed over a certain distance | examples=Her voice carries very well in this big opera house
20. sense_key=carry%2:42:14:: | definition=keep up with financial support | examples=The Federal Government carried the province for many years
21. sense_key=carry%2:42:12:: | definition=have or possess something abstract | examples=I carry her image in my mind's eye; I will carry the secret to my grave
22. sense_key=carry%2:42:08:: | definition=be equipped with (a mast or sail) | examples=This boat can only carry a small sail
23. sense_key=carry%2:41:02:: | definition=win approval or support for | synonyms=persuade, sway | examples=Carry all before one; His speech did not sway the voters
24. sense_key=carry%2:41:06:: | definition=compensate for a weaker partner or member by one's own performance | examples=I resent having to carry her all the time
25. sense_key=carry%2:41:12:: | definition=take further or advance | examples=carry a cause
26. sense_key=carry%2:40:10:: | definition=have on the surface or on the skin | examples=carry scars
27. sense_key=carry%2:40:04:: | definition=capture after a fight | examples=The troops carried the town after a brief fight
28. sense_key=carry%2:40:13:: | definition=transfer (entries) from one account book to another | synonyms=post
29. sense_key=carry%2:38:10:: | definition=transfer (a number, cipher, or remainder) to the next column or unit's place before or after, in addition or multiplication | examples=put down 5 and carry 2
30. sense_key=carry%2:38:07:: | definition=pursue a line of scent or be a bearer | examples=the dog was taught to fetch and carry
31. sense_key=carry%2:36:08:: | definition=bear (a crop) | examples=this land does not carry olives
32. sense_key=carry%2:35:12:: | definition=propel or give impetus to | examples=The sudden gust of air propelled the ball to the other side of the fence
33. sense_key=carry%2:34:00:: | definition=drink alcohol without showing ill effects | synonyms=hold | examples=He can hold his liquor; he had drunk more than he could carry
34. sense_key=carry%2:34:01:: | definition=be able to feed | examples=This land will carry ten cows to the acre
35. sense_key=carry%2:33:04:: | definition=have a certain range | examples=This rifle carries for 3,000 feet
36. sense_key=carry%2:33:03:: | definition=cover a certain distance or advance beyond | examples=The drive carried to the green
37. sense_key=carry%2:33:02:: | definition=secure the passage or adoption (of bills and motions) | examples=The motion carried easily
38. sense_key=carry%2:33:12:: | definition=be successful in | examples=She lost the game but carried the match
39. sense_key=carry%2:32:00:: | definition=sing or play against other voices or parts | examples=He cannot carry a tune
40. sense_key=carry%2:29:00:: | definition=be pregnant with | synonyms=have a bun in the oven, bear, gestate, expect | examples=She is bearing his child; The are expecting another child in January

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 18}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 18}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `carry`
    *   Target surface form: `carried`
    *   Context: "Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he <t>carried</t> a damaged gene..."
    *   Meaning: In this context, "carried" refers to possessing a genetic mutation or a damaged gene.

    *   1: move while supporting (transport) - No.
    *   2: have with oneself; have on one's person (pack) - No.
    *   3: transmit or serve as the medium for transmission - No.
    *   4: serve as a means for expressing something - No.
    *   5: bear or be able to bear weight/pressure/responsibility - No.
    *   6: support or hold in a certain manner - No.
    *   7: contain or hold; have within (e.g., jar carries wine) - Possible, but usually refers to physical containers.
    *   8: extend to a certain degree - No.
    *   9: continue or extend - No.
    *   10: be necessarily associated with or result in or involve - No.
    *   11: win in an election - No.
    *   12: include, as on a list - No.
    *   13: behave in a certain manner - No.
    *   14: have on hand (stock) - No.
    *   15: include as the content; broadcast - No.
    *   16: propel (dribble) - No.
    *   17: pass on a communication - No.
    *   18: have as an inherent or characteristic feature or have as a consequence - Possible.
    *   19: be conveyed over a certain distance - No.
    *   20: keep up with financial support - No.
    *   21: have or possess something abstract - No (a gene is biological, though not necessarily "abstract").
    *   22: be equipped with (mast/sail) - No.
    *   23: win approval or support for - No.
    *   24: compensate for a weaker partner - No.
    *   25: take further or advance - No.
    *   26: have on the surface or on the skin (scars) - No.
    *   27: capture after a fight - No.
    *   28: transfer entries - No.
    *   29: transfer a number (math) - No.
    *   30: pursue a line of scent - No.
    *   31: bear (a crop) - No.
    *   32: propel or give impetus to - No.
    *   33: drink alcohol without showing ill effects - No.
    *   34: be able to feed - No.
    *   35: have a certain range - No.
    *   36: cover a certain distance - No.
    *   37: secure the passage (bills) - No.
    *   38: be successful in - No.
    *   39: sing or play against other voices - No.
    *   40: be pregnant with - No.

    *   Sense 7: "contain or hold; have within" (Example: The jar carries wine).
    *   Sense 18: "have as an inherent or characteristic feature or have as a consequence" (Example: This new washer carries a two year guarantee).
    *   Sense 21: "have or possess something abstract" (Example: I carry her image in my mind's eye).

    Wait, let me look closer at Sense 7 again. "contain or hold; have within". A person "carrying" a gene means they have it within their genetic makeup.

    Let's re-evaluate Sense 18: "have as an inherent or characteristic feature". A damaged gene is an inherent feature of the person's DNA.

    Let's look for other possibilities. Is there a sense for "carrying a trait"?
    Looking at the list again...
    Sense 7: "contain or hold; have within"
    Sense 18: "have as an inherent or characteristic feature"

    Comparing "The jar carries wine" (Sense 7) vs "The loan carries a high interest rate" (Sense 18).
    A gene is more like an inherent feature (Sense 18) than something contained in a jar (Sense 7). However, in genetics, "carrier" often means someone who *possesses* the gene.

    Let's check if there's a better sense.
    Sense 2: "have with oneself; have on one's person" - No.
    Sense 21: "have or possess something abstract" - A gene isn't abstract.

    Let's re-examine Sense 7: "contain or hold; have within".
    Let's re-examine Sense 18: "have as an inherent or characteristic feature or have as a consequence".

    In medical/genetic contexts, "carrying a gene" means the person has the gene in their DNA. This is an inherent characteristic.

    Let's look at Sense 7 again: "contain or hold; have within".
    If I say "the blood carries oxygen", that's Sense 3 (transmit) or Sense 7 (contain).
    If I say "he carries the gene", he *possesses* it as a characteristic.

    Let's look at Sense 18 again: "have as an inherent or characteristic feature".
    Example: "This new washer carries a two year guarantee." (The guarantee is a feature of the purchase).
    Example: "The loan carries a high interest rate." (The interest rate is a feature of the loan).
    A damaged gene is a feature of the person's genetic makeup.

    Wait, let me search for "carry a gene" in WordNet or similar corpora.
    Usually, "carry a gene" is mapped to "possess" or "have".
    Looking at the options again, Sense 7 ("contain or hold; have within") and Sense 18 ("have as an inherent or characteristic feature") are the closest.

    Let's think about "contain" (Sense 7). Does a person "contain" a gene? Yes.
    Does a person "have as an inherent feature" (Sense 18) a gene? Yes.

    Let's compare:
    Sense 7: "The jar carries wine" (Physical containment)
    Sense 18: "The loan carries a high interest rate" (Characteristic/Feature)

    A gene is more of a characteristic/feature of the person's biology than something just "contained" like wine in a jar.

    Wait, let me look at Sense 21 again: "have or possess something abstract". Is a gene abstract? No.

    Let's look at Sense 7 again. "contain or hold; have within".
    If we look at the synonyms for Sense 7: "hold, bear, contain".
    If we look at the synonyms for Sense 18: (none provided).

    Let's search for "carry a gene" in a dictionary.
    Merriam-Webster: "to have a gene (such as a recessive gene) that can be passed on to offspring".
    This is a form of possession/having.

    Which sense fits "possess/have" best?
    Sense 7: contain or hold; have within.
    Sense 18: have as an inherent or characteristic feature.

    Let's try to find more examples for Sense 7. "The jar carries wine."
    Let's try to find more examples for Sense 18. "The loan carries a high interest rate."

    Actually, "carrying a gene" is very similar to "carrying a trait".
    If I "carry a trait", it's an inherent feature.

    Let's double-check Sense 7 again. "contain or hold; have within".
    If a person "carries" a gene, they "have it within" their cells.

    Let's look at Sense 18 again. "have as an inherent or characteristic feature".
    A damaged gene is definitely an inherent feature.

    Let's compare "The loan carries a high interest rate" and "He carries a damaged gene".
    Both describe a property or feature of the subject.

    Let's compare "The jar carries wine" and "He carries a damaged gene".
    One is a container and its contents; the other is a person and their genetic makeup.

    Sense 18 seems more appropriate for a characteristic/feature.

    Wait, let me look at Sense 7 again. "contain or hold; have within".
    Could it be Sense 7? "The jar carries wine."
    If you think of the body as a container for genes... but that's not how it's usually phrased.

    Let's look at Sense 18 again. "have as an inherent or characteristic feature".
    This fits "damaged gene" very well.

    Let me check if there are any other senses.
    Sense 21: "have or possess something abstract".
    Is a gene abstract? No, it's a physical sequence of DNA.

    Let's re-verify Sense 18.
    Sense 18: "have as an inherent or characteristic feature or have as a consequence".
    Example: "This new washer carries a two year guarantee."
    Example: "The loan carries a high interest rate."
    A damaged gene is an inherent feature of the person.

    Let's check Sense 7 again.
    Sense 7: "contain or hold; have within".
    Example: "The jar carries wine."
    Example: "The canteen holds fresh water."

    Comparing the two, Sense 18 feels like a better fit for a genetic trait.

    Wait, let me search for "carry a gene" in a WordNet-based disambiguation tool if possible.
    (Self-correction): I don't have a tool, but I can think about how "carry" is used in "carrier of a disease".
    A "carrier" of a disease is someone who *possesses* the pathogen or the gene without showing symptoms.
    This is a state of possessing a characteristic.

    Let's look at Sense 18 again. "have as an inherent or characteristic feature".
    This seems the most plausible.

    Let me double-check Sense 7 one more time. "contain or hold; have within".
    If I say "the blood carries oxygen", that's often Sense 3 (transmit) or Sense 7 (contain).
    But "carrying a gene" is not about transporting it; it's about possessing it.

    Is there any other sense?
    Sense 2: "have with oneself; have on one's person". (No, that's like carrying a wallet).
    Sense 21: "have or possess something abstract". (No).

    Let's re-examine Sense 18: "have as an inherent or characteristic feature or have as a consequence".
    This fits the "damaged gene" as a characteristic of the person.

    Let's think about the word "carrier" in genetics. A carrier is someone who *has* the gene.
    If you *have* a gene, it is an inherent feature of your DNA.

    Let's look at Sense 7 again. "contain or hold; have within".
    If you have a gene, you "contain" it in your cells.
    But "contain" usually implies a container and its contents.

    Let's look at Sense 18 again. "have as an inherent or characteristic feature".
    This is a more precise description of having a genetic mutation.

    Wait, let me look at Sense 18's examples again:
    "This new washer carries a two year guarantee."
    "The loan carries a high interest rate."
    These are properties of the object.
    A damaged gene is a property of the person.

    Let's look at Sense 7's examples again:
    "The jar carries wine."
    "The canteen holds fresh water."
    These are physical contents.

    A gene is not "contents" in the same way wine is in a jar. It's a part of the person's biological makeup.

    Therefore, Sense 18 is the best fit.

    Wait, let me check Sense 21 one more time. "have or possess something abstract".
    "I carry her image in my mind's eye."
    "I will carry the secret to my grave."
    A gene is not abstract.

    Let me check Sense 7 again. "contain or hold; have within".
    Could "have within" apply to genes? Yes, but "inherent feature" (Sense 18) is stronger.

    Let me search for "carry a gene" in a corpus.
    "He carries the gene for..."
    This is almost always used to mean "possesses the genetic trait".

    Let's look at the senses one more time.
    Is there any other sense that could fit?
    Sense 10: "be necessarily associated with or result in or involve".
    "This crime carries a penalty of five years in prison."
    (No, that's about consequences).

    Sense 18: "have as an inherent or characteristic feature or have as a consequence".
    This includes both "inherent feature" and "consequence".
    A damaged gene is an inherent feature.

    Let's double-check Sense 7 again. "contain or hold; have within".
    If I say "the cell carries the gene", that might be Sense 7.
    But "Mr. Quinlan carries the gene" sounds more like a characteristic.

    Let's compare:
    "The loan carries a high interest rate." (Sense 18)
    "Mr. Quinlan carries a damaged gene." (Sense 18)
    Both describe a property of the subject.

    Final check of Sense 18: "have as an inherent or characteristic feature or have as a consequence".
    This seems to be the most accurate.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: damaged
Target surface form: damaged
Context:
Either copy can make the proteins needed to control cell growth, so for cancer to arise, both copies must be impaired. A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a <t>damaged</t> gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=damaged%3:00:00:: | definition=harmed or injured or spoiled | examples=I won't buy damaged goods; the storm left a wake of badly damaged buildings
2. sense_key=damaged%5:00:00:disreputable:00 | definition=being unjustly brought into disrepute | synonyms=discredited | examples=a discredited politician; her damaged reputation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `damaged`
    *   Target surface form: `damaged`
    *   Context: "Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a <t>damaged</t> gene..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `damaged%3:00:00::`: harmed or injured or spoiled (e.g., damaged goods, damaged buildings).
        2.  `damaged%5:00:00:disreputable:00`: being unjustly brought into disrepute (e.g., discredited politician, damaged reputation).

    *   The word "damaged" describes a "gene".
    *   In genetics, a "damaged gene" refers to a mutation or a defect in the DNA sequence that impairs its function.
    *   This aligns with the idea of being "harmed", "injured", or "spoiled" (in a functional sense), rather than being "disreputable" or "discredited".

    *   Sense 1: Harmed, injured, spoiled. (Fits the biological context of a defective gene).
    *   Sense 2: Disreputable, discredited. (Does not fit a gene).

    *   The correct sense is Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: lose
Target surface form: lost
Context:
Either copy can make the proteins needed to control cell growth, so for cancer to arise, both copies must be impaired. A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having <t>lost</t> an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=lose%2:40:02:: | definition=fail to keep or to maintain; cease to have, either physically or in an abstract sense | examples=She lost her purse when she left it unattended on her seat
2. sense_key=lose%2:33:00:: | definition=fail to win | examples=We lost the battle but we won the war
3. sense_key=lose%2:37:00:: | definition=suffer the loss of a person through death or removal | examples=She lost her husband in the war; The couple that wanted to adopt the child lost her when the biological parents claimed her
4. sense_key=lose%2:35:00:: | definition=place (something) where one cannot find it again | synonyms=misplace, mislay | examples=I misplaced my eyeglasses
5. sense_key=lose%2:40:01:: | definition=miss from one's possessions; lose sight of | examples=I've lost my glasses again!
6. sense_key=lose%2:39:00:: | definition=allow to go out of sight | examples=The detective lost the man he was shadowing after he had to stop at a red light
7. sense_key=lose%2:40:06:: | definition=fail to make money in a business; make a loss or fail to profit | synonyms=turn a loss | examples=I lost thousands of dollars on that bad investment!; The company turned a loss after the first year
8. sense_key=lose%2:40:00:: | definition=fail to get or obtain | examples=I lost the opportunity to spend a year abroad
9. sense_key=lose%2:33:01:: | definition=retreat | synonyms=fall back, drop off, fall behind, recede
10. sense_key=lose%2:39:01:: | definition=fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind | synonyms=miss | examples=I missed that remark; She missed his point
11. sense_key=lose%2:30:03:: | definition=be set at a disadvantage | synonyms=suffer | examples=This author really suffers in translation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `lose`
    *   Target surface form: `lost`
    *   Context: "...Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having <t>lost</t> an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old..."

    *   Sense 1: fail to keep or to maintain; cease to have, either physically or in an abstract sense (e.g., lost purse).
    *   Sense 2: fail to win (e.g., lost the battle).
    *   Sense 3: suffer the loss of a person through death or removal (e.g., lost her husband).
    *   Sense 4: place (something) where one cannot find it again (misplace).
    *   Sense 5: miss from one's possessions; lose sight of (e.g., lost glasses).
    *   Sense 6: allow to go out of sight (e.g., lost the man he was shadowing).
    *   Sense 7: fail to make money (financial loss).
    *   Sense 8: fail to get or obtain (e.g., lost the opportunity).
    *   Sense 9: retreat.
    *   Sense 10: fail to perceive or to catch (e.g., missed that remark).
    *   Sense 11: be set at a disadvantage.

    *   The phrase is "lost an eye to the rare tumor".
    *   This means the person no longer has the eye because it was removed or destroyed by a tumor.
    *   Sense 1: "fail to keep or to maintain; cease to have, either physically or in an abstract sense". This fits well.
    *   Sense 3: "suffer the loss of a person through death or removal". This specifically mentions "person". An eye is not a person.
    *   Sense 4/5: Misplacing something. Not applicable.
    *   Sense 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11: Not applicable.

    *   Sense 1 is the most general sense of "cease to have" something physically.
    *   Sense 3 is specifically for people.
    *   "Lost an eye" is a physical loss of a body part. Sense 1 covers "cease to have, either physically or in an abstract sense".

    *   Sense 1: "fail to keep or to maintain; cease to have, either physically or in an abstract sense"
    *   Example: "She lost her purse when she left it unattended on her seat"
    *   Context: "lost an eye to the rare tumor"
    *   This matches the "cease to have physically" part of Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: eye
Target surface form: eye
Context:
Either copy can make the proteins needed to control cell growth, so for cancer to arise, both copies must be impaired. A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an <t>eye</t> to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=eye%1:08:00:: | definition=the organ of sight | synonyms=oculus, optic
2. sense_key=eye%1:09:00:: | definition=good discernment (either visually or as if visually) | examples=she has an eye for fresh talent; he has an artist's eye
3. sense_key=eye%1:09:01:: | definition=attention to what is seen | examples=he tried to catch her eye
4. sense_key=eye%1:15:00:: | definition=an area that is approximately central within some larger region | synonyms=center, centre, middle, heart | examples=it is in the center of town; they ran forward into the heart of the struggle
5. sense_key=eye%1:06:00:: | definition=a small hole or loop (as in a needle) | examples=the thread wouldn't go through the eye

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `eye`
    *   Target surface form: `eye`
    *   Context: "...having lost an <t>eye</t> to the rare tumor when he was only two months old..."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses retinoblastoma, which is described as "an eye cancer". The person lost an "eye" to this tumor.

    *   Sense 1: `the organ of sight` (synonyms: oculus, optic)
    *   Sense 2: `good discernment` (e.g., "eye for fresh talent")
    *   Sense 3: `attention to what is seen` (e.g., "catch her eye")
    *   Sense 4: `an area that is approximately central` (synonyms: center, heart)
    *   Sense 5: `a small hole or loop` (e.g., "eye of a needle")

    *   The context explicitly mentions "retinoblastoma, an eye cancer".
    *   The person "lost an eye to the rare tumor".
    *   This clearly refers to the physical organ of sight.

    *   Sense 1 matches "the organ of sight".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: only
Target surface form: only
Context:
Either copy can make the proteins needed to control cell growth, so for cancer to arise, both copies must be impaired. A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was <t>only</t> two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=only%4:02:02:: | definition=and nothing more | synonyms=merely, simply, just, but | examples=I was merely asking; it is simply a matter of time
2. sense_key=only%4:02:01:: | definition=without any others being included or involved | synonyms=entirely, exclusively, solely, alone | examples=was entirely to blame; a school devoted entirely to the needs of problem children
3. sense_key=only%4:02:00:: | definition=with nevertheless the final result | examples=He arrived only to find his wife dead; We won only to lose again in the next round
4. sense_key=only%4:02:04:: | definition=in the final outcome | examples=These news will only make you more upset
5. sense_key=only%4:02:06:: | definition=except that | examples=It was the same story; only this time she came out better
6. sense_key=only%4:02:03:: | definition=never except when | synonyms=only if, only when | examples=call me only if your cold gets worse
7. sense_key=only%4:02:05:: | definition=as recently as | examples=I spoke to him only an hour ago

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "only"
    *   Target surface form: "only"
    *   Context: "...having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was <t>only</t> two months old..."

    *   Sense 1: "and nothing more" (merely, simply, just, but). Example: "I was merely asking."
    *   Sense 2: "without any others being included or involved" (entirely, exclusively, solely, alone). Example: "was entirely to blame."
    *   Sense 3: "with nevertheless the final result". Example: "He arrived only to find his wife dead."
    *   Sense 4: "in the final outcome". Example: "These news will only make you more upset."
    *   Sense 5: "except that". Example: "It was the same story; only this time she came out better."
    *   Sense 6: "never except when". Example: "call me only if your cold gets worse."
    *   Sense 7: "as recently as". Example: "I spoke to him only an hour ago."

    *   The phrase is "when he was only two months old".
    *   Here, "only" emphasizes that the age (two months) was very small/young.
    *   Does it mean "as recently as"? No, that's for time elapsed from the present (e.g., "only an hour ago").
    *   Does it mean "without any others"? No.
    *   Does it mean "and nothing more" (merely/just)? Yes. "He was just two months old" or "He was merely two months old."

    *   Sense 1: "and nothing more" (merely, simply, just). This fits perfectly. "He was only [merely/just] two months old."
    *   Sense 7: "as recently as". This is usually used for time intervals relative to the present or a reference point (e.g., "only yesterday"). While "two months old" is a time, the emphasis here is on the *smallness* of the number, not the *recency* of the event relative to now.

    *   "He was only two months old" $\approx$ "He was just two months old."
    *   This matches Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: mother
Target surface form: mother
Context:
Either copy can make the proteins needed to control cell growth, so for cancer to arise, both copies must be impaired. A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his <t>mother</t> had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=mother%1:18:00:: | definition=a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother) | synonyms=female parent | examples=the mother of three children
2. sense_key=mother%1:27:00:: | definition=a stringy slimy substance consisting of yeast cells and bacteria; forms during fermentation and is added to cider or wine to produce vinegar
3. sense_key=mother%1:18:02:: | definition=a term of address for an elderly woman
4. sense_key=mother%1:18:01:: | definition=a term of address for a mother superior
5. sense_key=mother%1:09:00:: | definition=a condition that is the inspiration for an activity or situation | examples=necessity is the mother of invention

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "mother"
    *   Target surface form: "mother"
    *   Context: "...Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his <t>mother</t> had suffered the same fate when she was a baby."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `mother%1:18:00::`: a woman who has given birth to a child (female parent).
        2.  `mother%1:27:00::`: a stringy slimy substance (vinegar production).
        3.  `mother%1:18:02::`: a term of address for an elderly woman.
        4.  `mother%1:18:01::`: a term of address for a mother superior.
        5.  `mother%1:09:00::`: a condition that is the inspiration for an activity (e.g., "necessity is the mother of invention").

    *   The sentence says "after his mother had suffered the same fate".
    *   "His mother" refers to the female parent of Mr. Quinlan.
    *   This matches sense 1: "a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)".

    *   Sense 1: Female parent. (Correct)
    *   Sense 2: Vinegar substance. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 3: Term of address for elderly woman. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 4: Term of address for mother superior. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 5: Inspiration/condition. (Incorrect)


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: suffer
Target surface form: suffered
Context:
Either copy can make the proteins needed to control cell growth, so for cancer to arise, both copies must be impaired. A person who is born with one defective copy of a suppressor gene, or in whom one copy is damaged early in life, is especially prone to cancer because he need only lose the other copy for a cancer to develop. Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had <t>suffered</t> the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=suffer%2:39:01:: | definition=undergo or be subjected to | synonyms=endure | examples=He suffered the penalty; Many saints suffered martyrdom
2. sense_key=suffer%2:29:01:: | definition=undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | synonyms=sustain, have, get | examples=She suffered a fracture in the accident; He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars
3. sense_key=suffer%2:37:00:: | definition=experience (emotional) pain | examples=Every time her husband gets drunk, she suffers
4. sense_key=suffer%2:31:00:: | definition=put up with something or somebody unpleasant | synonyms=digest, endure, stick out, stomach, bear, stand | examples=I cannot bear his constant criticism; The new secretary had to endure a lot of unprofessional remarks
5. sense_key=suffer%2:30:00:: | definition=get worse | examples=His grades suffered
6. sense_key=suffer%2:29:00:: | definition=feel pain or be in pain | synonyms=hurt
7. sense_key=suffer%2:39:00:: | definition=feel physical pain | synonyms=hurt, ache | examples=Were you hurting after the accident?
8. sense_key=suffer%2:29:03:: | definition=feel unwell or uncomfortable | examples=She is suffering from the hot weather
9. sense_key=suffer%2:42:04:: | definition=be given to | examples=She suffers from a tendency to talk too much
10. sense_key=suffer%2:39:02:: | definition=undergo or suffer | synonyms=meet | examples=meet a violent death; suffer a terrible fate
11. sense_key=suffer%2:30:02:: | definition=be set at a disadvantage | synonyms=lose | examples=This author really suffers in translation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 10}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 10}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `suffer`
    *   Target surface form: `suffered`
    *   Context: "...Mr. Quinlan... having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had <t>suffered</t> the same fate when she was a baby."
    *   Key phrase: "suffered the same fate" (where "fate" refers to losing an eye to a rare tumor).

    *   Sense 1: undergo or be subjected to (e.g., penalty, martyrdom).
    *   Sense 2: undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) (e.g., fracture, insulin shock).
    *   Sense 3: experience (emotional) pain.
    *   Sense 4: put up with something or somebody unpleasant.
    *   Sense 5: get worse.
    *   Sense 6: feel pain or be in pain.
    *   Sense 7: feel physical pain.
    *   Sense 8: feel unwell or uncomfortable.
    *   Sense 9: be given to.
    *   Sense 10: undergo or suffer (synonym: meet) (examples: meet a violent death; suffer a terrible fate).
    *   Sense 11: be set at a disadvantage.

    *   The phrase "suffered the same fate" is a very common collocation.
    *   The "fate" in this context is losing an eye to a tumor.
    *   Sense 10 specifically lists "suffer a terrible fate" as an example.
    *   Sense 2 refers to injuries and illnesses, which fits the medical nature, but "fate" is the direct object here, not the illness itself.
    *   Sense 1 is "undergo or be subjected to," which is similar, but Sense 10 is more specific to "fate."

    *   Sense 10: "undergo or suffer | synonyms=meet | examples=meet a violent death; suffer a terrible fate"
    *   Context: "...suffered the same fate..."
    *   This is a perfect match.