[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: arsenic
Target surface form: Arsenic
Context:
"As a result, organisms have a hard time telling these elements apart." "But arsenic is different enough that it doesn't work as well as phosphorus, so it gets in there and sort of gums up the works of our biochemical machinery," explained Anbar. The researchers collected the bacteria known as GFAJ-1 and exposed it to increasing concentrations of arsenic, which it was able to adapt to and grow. The microbe does grow better on phosphorus, but showing that it can live with arsenic instead raises the possibility that a life form using arsenic could occur naturally, either elsewhere on Earth or on another planet or moon where arsenic is more common. Jamie S. Foster, an assistant professor of microbiology at the University of Florida, said the idea that arsenic could be substituted for phosphorus isn't new, but there has never been example where it was shown to work. <t>Arsenic</t> was more common in the early times on Earth, she said, so researchers have speculated that early life forms might have used it. "It does suggest that that there could be other ways to form life, not just how life formed on early Earth," said Foster, who was not part of Wolfe-Simon's research team.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=arsenic%1:27:01:: | definition=a white powdered poisonous trioxide of arsenic; used in manufacturing glass and as a pesticide (rat poison) and weed killer | synonyms=arsenic trioxide, arsenous anhydride, arsenous oxide, white arsenic, ratsbane
2. sense_key=arsenic%1:27:00:: | definition=a very poisonous metallic element that has three allotropic forms; arsenic and arsenic compounds are used as herbicides and insecticides and various alloys; found in arsenopyrite and orpiment and realgar | synonyms=As, atomic number 33

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `arsenic`
    *   Target surface form: `Arsenic`
    *   Context: The text discusses arsenic in the context of biochemistry, comparing it to phosphorus, its role in early life forms on Earth, and its potential presence on other planets. It mentions "elements," "biochemical machinery," and "substituting for phosphorus."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `arsenic%1:27:01::`: A white powdered poisonous trioxide of arsenic (a specific compound).
        2.  `arsenic%1:27:00::`: A very poisonous metallic element (the element As, atomic number 33).

    *   The text explicitly refers to arsenic as one of "these elements" (comparing it to phosphorus, which is an element).
    *   It discusses the possibility of a "life form using arsenic" and "arsenic could be substituted for phosphorus."
    *   It mentions arsenic being "more common in the early times on Earth."
    *   Phosphorus is an element; therefore, the comparison is between the element phosphorus and the element arsenic.

    *   Sense 1 is a specific compound (arsenic trioxide).
    *   Sense 2 is the element itself.
    *   The context clearly refers to the element.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: times
Target surface form: times
Context:
"As a result, organisms have a hard time telling these elements apart." "But arsenic is different enough that it doesn't work as well as phosphorus, so it gets in there and sort of gums up the works of our biochemical machinery," explained Anbar. The researchers collected the bacteria known as GFAJ-1 and exposed it to increasing concentrations of arsenic, which it was able to adapt to and grow. The microbe does grow better on phosphorus, but showing that it can live with arsenic instead raises the possibility that a life form using arsenic could occur naturally, either elsewhere on Earth or on another planet or moon where arsenic is more common. Jamie S. Foster, an assistant professor of microbiology at the University of Florida, said the idea that arsenic could be substituted for phosphorus isn't new, but there has never been example where it was shown to work. Arsenic was more common in the early <t>times</t> on Earth, she said, so researchers have speculated that early life forms might have used it. "It does suggest that that there could be other ways to form life, not just how life formed on early Earth," said Foster, who was not part of Wolfe-Simon's research team.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=times%1:28:01:: | definition=a more or less definite period of time now or previously present | examples=it was a sign of the times
2. sense_key=times%1:04:00:: | definition=an arithmetic operation that is the inverse of division; the product of two numbers is computed | synonyms=multiplication | examples=the multiplication of four by three gives twelve; four times three equals twelve
3. sense_key=time%1:11:00:: | definition=an instance or single occasion for some event | synonyms=time, clip | examples=this time he succeeded; he called four times
4. sense_key=time%1:28:05:: | definition=a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something | synonyms=time | examples=take time to smell the roses; I didn't have time to finish
5. sense_key=time%1:28:00:: | definition=an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities) | synonyms=time | examples=he waited a long time; the time of year for planting
6. sense_key=time%1:28:06:: | definition=a suitable moment | synonyms=time | examples=it is time to go
7. sense_key=time%1:03:00:: | definition=the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past | synonyms=time
8. sense_key=time%1:11:01:: | definition=a person's experience on a particular occasion | synonyms=time | examples=he had a time holding back the tears; they had a good time together
9. sense_key=clock_time%1:28:00:: | definition=a reading of a point in time as given by a clock | synonyms=clock time, time | examples=do you know what time it is?; the time is 10 o'clock
10. sense_key=fourth_dimension%1:28:00:: | definition=the fourth coordinate that is required (along with three spatial dimensions) to specify a physical event | synonyms=fourth dimension, time
11. sense_key=meter%1:07:00:: | definition=rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration | synonyms=meter, metre, time
12. sense_key=prison_term%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned | synonyms=prison term, sentence, time | examples=he served a prison term of 15 months; his sentence was 5 to 10 years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `times`
    *   Target surface form: `times`
    *   Context: "Arsenic was more common in the early <t>times</t> on Earth, she said, so researchers have speculated that early life forms might have used it."

    *   1: `times%1:28:01::` - a more or less definite period of time now or previously present (Example: "it was a sign of the times")
    *   2: `times%1:04:00::` - arithmetic operation (multiplication)
    *   3: `time%1:11:00::` - an instance or single occasion
    *   4: `time%1:28:05::` - period of time as a resource
    *   5: `time%1:28:00::` - an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)
    *   6: `time%1:28:06::` - a suitable moment
    *   7: `time%1:03:00::` - the continuum of experience (past, present, future)
    *   8: `time%1:11:01::` - a person's experience on a particular occasion
    *   9: `clock_time%1:28:00::` - reading of a point in time (clock)
    *   10: `fourth_dimension%1:28:00::` - the fourth coordinate
    *   11: `meter%1:07:00::` - rhythm
    *   12: `prison_term%1:28:00::` - period of imprisonment

    *   The phrase is "the early times on Earth".
    *   This refers to a specific historical period (the early stages of Earth's existence).
    *   Sense 1: "a more or less definite period of time now or previously present" (Example: "sign of the times"). This fits well with "early times on Earth".
    *   Sense 5: "an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)". This is similar, but Sense 1 specifically mentions "previously present" and is often used in the plural ("times") to refer to historical eras.

    *   Sense 1 (`times%1:28:01::`) is specifically listed under the lemma `times` (plural) and refers to a period of time previously present.
    *   Sense 5 (`time%1:28:00::`) is under the lemma `time` (singular) and refers to an indefinite period.
    *   In the context "early times on Earth", "times" is plural and refers to a historical era. Sense 1 is the most precise fit for this usage.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: earth
Target surface form: Earth
Context:
"As a result, organisms have a hard time telling these elements apart." "But arsenic is different enough that it doesn't work as well as phosphorus, so it gets in there and sort of gums up the works of our biochemical machinery," explained Anbar. The researchers collected the bacteria known as GFAJ-1 and exposed it to increasing concentrations of arsenic, which it was able to adapt to and grow. The microbe does grow better on phosphorus, but showing that it can live with arsenic instead raises the possibility that a life form using arsenic could occur naturally, either elsewhere on Earth or on another planet or moon where arsenic is more common. Jamie S. Foster, an assistant professor of microbiology at the University of Florida, said the idea that arsenic could be substituted for phosphorus isn't new, but there has never been example where it was shown to work. Arsenic was more common in the early times on <t>Earth</t>, she said, so researchers have speculated that early life forms might have used it. "It does suggest that that there could be other ways to form life, not just how life formed on early Earth," said Foster, who was not part of Wolfe-Simon's research team.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=earth%1:17:00:: | definition=the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on | synonyms=world, globe | examples=the Earth moves around the sun; he sailed around the world
2. sense_key=earth%1:27:00:: | definition=the loose soft material that makes up a large part of the land surface | synonyms=ground | examples=they dug into the earth outside the church
3. sense_key=earth%1:17:01:: | definition=the solid part of the earth's surface | synonyms=land, dry land, ground, solid ground, terra firma | examples=the plane turned away from the sea and moved back over land; the earth shook for several minutes
4. sense_key=earth%1:15:00:: | definition=the abode of mortals (as contrasted with Heaven or Hell) | examples=it was hell on earth
5. sense_key=earth%1:27:01:: | definition=once thought to be one of four elements composing the universe (Empedocles)
6. sense_key=earth%1:09:00:: | definition=the concerns of this life as distinguished from heaven and the afterlife | synonyms=worldly concern, earthly concern, world | examples=they consider the church to be independent of the world
7. sense_key=earth%1:06:00:: | definition=a connection between an electrical device and a large conducting body, such as the earth (which is taken to be at zero voltage) | synonyms=ground

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `earth`
    *   Target surface form: `Earth`
    *   Context: "...either elsewhere on Earth or on another planet or moon where arsenic is more common." and "Arsenic was more common in the early times on Earth, she said..." and "...not just how life formed on early Earth..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `earth%1:17:00::`: the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on (synonyms: world, globe)
        2.  `earth%1:27:00::`: the loose soft material that makes up a large part of the land surface (synonyms: ground)
        3.  `earth%1:17:01::`: the solid part of the earth's surface (synonyms: land, dry land, ground, solid ground, terra firma)
        4.  `earth%1:15:00::`: the abode of mortals (as contrasted with Heaven or Hell)
        5.  `earth%1:27:01::`: once thought to be one of four elements composing the universe
        6.  `earth%1:09:00::`: the concerns of this life as distinguished from heaven and the afterlife
        7.  `earth%1:06:00::`: a connection between an electrical device and a large conducting body (ground)

    *   The context mentions "elsewhere on Earth or on another planet or moon". This explicitly compares Earth to other planets and moons.
    *   It mentions "early times on Earth" and "how life formed on early Earth".
    *   This clearly refers to the planet as a whole, not just the soil (sense 2), the land surface (sense 3), the abode of mortals (sense 4), the element (sense 5), worldly concerns (sense 6), or electrical grounding (sense 7).

    *   Sense 1: "the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on". This fits perfectly.

    *   Sense 1 is the correct match.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: way
Target surface form: ways
Context:
"But arsenic is different enough that it doesn't work as well as phosphorus, so it gets in there and sort of gums up the works of our biochemical machinery," explained Anbar. The researchers collected the bacteria known as GFAJ-1 and exposed it to increasing concentrations of arsenic, which it was able to adapt to and grow. The microbe does grow better on phosphorus, but showing that it can live with arsenic instead raises the possibility that a life form using arsenic could occur naturally, either elsewhere on Earth or on another planet or moon where arsenic is more common. Jamie S. Foster, an assistant professor of microbiology at the University of Florida, said the idea that arsenic could be substituted for phosphorus isn't new, but there has never been example where it was shown to work. Arsenic was more common in the early times on Earth, she said, so researchers have speculated that early life forms might have used it. "It does suggest that that there could be other <t>ways</t> to form life, not just how life formed on early Earth," said Foster, who was not part of Wolfe-Simon's research team. The research was supported by NASA, the Department of Energy and the National Institutes of Health.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=way%1:07:01:: | definition=how something is done or how it happens | synonyms=manner, mode, style, fashion | examples=her dignified manner; his rapid manner of talking
2. sense_key=way%1:04:01:: | definition=how a result is obtained or an end is achieved | synonyms=means, agency | examples=a means of control; an example is the best agency of instruction
3. sense_key=way%1:15:00:: | definition=a line leading to a place or point | synonyms=direction | examples=he looked the other direction; didn't know the way home
4. sense_key=way%1:26:00:: | definition=the condition of things generally | examples=that's the way it is; I felt the same way
5. sense_key=way%1:04:00:: | definition=a course of conduct | synonyms=path, way of life | examples=the path of virtue; we went our separate ways
6. sense_key=way%1:06:00:: | definition=any artifact consisting of a road or path affording passage from one place to another | examples=he said he was looking for the way out
7. sense_key=way%1:04:02:: | definition=a journey or passage | examples=they are on the way
8. sense_key=way%1:23:00:: | definition=space for movement | synonyms=room, elbow room | examples=room to pass; make way for
9. sense_key=way%1:07:02:: | definition=the property of distance in general | examples=it's a long way to Moscow; he went a long ways
10. sense_key=way%1:09:00:: | definition=doing as one pleases or chooses | examples=if I had my way
11. sense_key=way%1:09:01:: | definition=a general category of things; used in the expression `in the way of' | examples=they didn't have much in the way of clothing
12. sense_key=way%1:21:00:: | definition=a portion of something divided into shares | examples=they split the loot three ways

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `way`
    *   Target surface form: `ways`
    *   Context: "It does suggest that that there could be other <t>ways</t> to form life, not just how life formed on early Earth," said Foster...
    *   Meaning: The speaker is talking about different methods, mechanisms, or processes by which life could originate or be structured (using arsenic instead of phosphorus).

    *   Sense 1: `way%1:07:01::` - how something is done or how it happens (manner, mode, style, fashion).
    *   Sense 2: `way%1:04:01::` - how a result is obtained or an end is achieved (means, agency).
    *   Sense 3: `way%1:15:00::` - a line leading to a place or point (direction).
    *   Sense 4: `way%1:26:00::` - the condition of things generally.
    *   Sense 5: `way%1:04:00::` - a course of conduct (path, way of life).
    *   Sense 6: `way%1:06:00::` - any artifact consisting of a road or path.
    *   Sense 7: `way%1:04:02::` - a journey or passage.
    *   Sense 8: `way%1:23:00::` - space for movement.
    *   Sense 9: `way%1:07:02::` - the property of distance in general.
    *   Sense 10: `way%1:09:00::` - doing as one pleases or chooses.
    *   Sense 11: `way%1:09:01::` - a general category of things (in the way of).
    *   Sense 12: `way%1:21:00::` - a portion of something divided into shares.

    *   The context is "other ways to form life".
    *   This refers to the *method* or *mechanism* by which life is formed.
    *   Sense 1 (manner, mode, how something happens) and Sense 2 (means, how a result is obtained) are the closest.
    *   "Ways to form life" suggests the *process* or *method* (how it happens).
    *   Let's compare Sense 1 and Sense 2:
        *   Sense 1: "how something is done or how it happens" (manner, mode).
        *   Sense 2: "how a result is obtained or an end is achieved" (means, agency).
    *   "Forming life" is a process/result. "Ways to form life" usually means the mechanisms or methods.
    *   In many linguistic contexts, "way" meaning "method" is mapped to Sense 1 (manner/mode) or Sense 2 (means).
    *   Looking at the examples:
        *   Sense 1: "her dignified manner", "his rapid manner of talking". (More about style/fashion).
        *   Sense 2: "a means of control", "an example is the best agency of instruction". (More about the instrument or method used to achieve a goal).
    *   Wait, let's re-evaluate Sense 1. "how something is done or how it happens".
    *   "Ways to form life" = "How life happens" or "The manner in which life forms".
    *   Actually, "ways to [verb]" often maps to "means" (Sense 2) or "manner" (Sense 1).
    *   Let's look at the context again: "other ways to form life, not just how life formed on early Earth".
    *   The parallel "not just how life formed" strongly points to Sense 1 ("how something is done or how it happens").

    *   Sense 1: how something is done or how it happens.
    *   Sense 2: how a result is obtained or an end is achieved.
    *   If I say "There are many ways to solve this problem," is it Sense 1 or Sense 2?
    *   Usually, "ways to [do something]" is interpreted as "methods" or "means".
    *   Let's check WordNet's typical mapping.
    *   Sense 1 (manner) is often about the *style* of doing something.
    *   Sense 2 (means) is about the *method* used to achieve the result.
    *   "Ways to form life" refers to the biochemical method (arsenic vs phosphorus). This is a "means" or "method" to achieve the "end" of forming life.
    *   However, the sentence says "other ways to form life, not just *how* life formed". The use of "how" in the second part of the sentence mirrors the meaning of "ways" in the first part.
    *   Sense 1 definition: "how something is done or how it happens".
    *   This matches "how life formed" perfectly.

    *   Sense 1: how something is done or how it happens.
    *   Sense 2: how a result is obtained or an end is achieved.
    *   In the context of "ways to form life", it's about the biological mechanism.
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 1: manner, mode, style, fashion.
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 2: means, agency.
    *   "Arsenic as a means to form life" (Sense 2) vs "The mode in which life forms" (Sense 1).
    *   The phrase "ways to form life" is very similar to "ways of doing something".
    *   Comparing "how something is done" (Sense 1) and "how a result is obtained" (Sense 2).
    *   "Forming life" is the process. "Ways to form life" are the different processes/modes.
    *   Let's re-read Sense 1: "how something is done or how it happens".
    *   Let's re-read Sense 2: "how a result is obtained or an end is achieved".
    *   The distinction is subtle. Sense 1 is often more about the *manner* (the "how"), while Sense 2 is more about the *means* (the "by what").
    *   "Ways to form life" (using arsenic instead of phosphorus) is the *means* by which life is formed.
    *   But the sentence explicitly links it to "how life formed".
    *   "how life formed" -> "how something happens" -> Sense 1.

    *   Sense 1: manner, mode, style, fashion.
    *   Sense 2: means, agency.
    *   If the sentence was "Arsenic is a way to form life," it would be Sense 2 (means).
    *   But "there could be other ways to form life" (meaning other methods/modes) often aligns with Sense 1.
    *   Let's check common usage in WSD datasets (like SemCor). "Way" meaning "method" is frequently mapped to the "manner/mode" sense (Sense 1) when it's about the process.
    *   Wait, let me look at the definitions again.
    *   Sense 1: "how something is done or how it happens"
    *   Sense 2: "how a result is obtained or an end is achieved"
    *   "Forming life" is the result/end. The "ways" are the means to achieve that end.
    *   However, "how life formed" (the parallel phrase) is almost a definition of Sense 1.

    *   "It does suggest that there could be other ways to form life, not just how life formed on early Earth."
    *   The "ways" are the different "hows".
    *   Sense 1: "how something is done or how it happens".
    *   This seems the most direct fit.

    *   Sense 1: manner, mode, style, fashion.
    *   Sense 2: means, agency.
    *   Is "arsenic-based life" a *manner* or a *means*?
    *   It's a *mode* of existence. "Mode" is a synonym for Sense 1.
    *   "Means" (Sense 2) usually refers to the tool or instrument used.
    *   The "way" here is the biochemical configuration (the mode).

    *   Sense 1: how something is done or how it happens.
    *   Sense 2: how a result is obtained or an end is achieved.
    *   If I say "There are many ways to get to the airport," is that Sense 1 or Sense 2? (Usually Sense 2 - means).
    *   If I say "I like the way you walk," is that Sense 1 or Sense 2? (Sense 1 - manner).
    *   "Ways to form life" is closer to "ways to get to the airport" (methods/means) than "the way you walk" (manner).
    *   Wait, let me re-read Sense 1 again: "how something is done or how it happens".
    *   "How life formed" = "how it happens".
    *   This is tricky. Let's look at the synonyms again.
    *   Sense 1: manner, mode, style, fashion.
    *   Sense 2: means, agency.
    *   "Mode" can mean "a particular way in which something is done, happens, or is experienced."
    *   "Means" can mean "a method for achieving a result."
    *   "Ways to form life" = "Methods for achieving the result of forming life."
    *   But the context "not just how life formed" strongly points to the "how it happens" part of Sense 1.

    *   Sense 1: how something is done or how it happens.
    *   Sense 2: how a result is obtained or an end is achieved.
    *   In many WordNet-based tasks, "way" as "method" is Sense 1. Let's double-check.
    *   Actually, looking at other examples, "way" as "method" is often Sense 1 (manner/mode).
    *   Example: "a way of thinking" (Sense 1).
    *   Example: "a way of life" (Sense 5, but that's different).
    *   Example: "a way to solve a problem" (Sense 1 or 2?).
    *   Let's try to find a clearer distinction.
    *   Sense 1 is about the *process* (the how).
    *   Sense 2 is about the *instrument* (the means).
    *   The "way" to form life here is the biochemical process (using arsenic). This is the "how it happens".

    *   Sense 1: how something is done or how it happens.
    *   Sense 2: how a result is obtained or an end is achieved.
    *   "Ways to form life" -> "How life forms".
    *   "How life forms" -> "How something happens".
    *   This matches Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: life
Target surface form: life
Context:
"But arsenic is different enough that it doesn't work as well as phosphorus, so it gets in there and sort of gums up the works of our biochemical machinery," explained Anbar. The researchers collected the bacteria known as GFAJ-1 and exposed it to increasing concentrations of arsenic, which it was able to adapt to and grow. The microbe does grow better on phosphorus, but showing that it can live with arsenic instead raises the possibility that a life form using arsenic could occur naturally, either elsewhere on Earth or on another planet or moon where arsenic is more common. Jamie S. Foster, an assistant professor of microbiology at the University of Florida, said the idea that arsenic could be substituted for phosphorus isn't new, but there has never been example where it was shown to work. Arsenic was more common in the early times on Earth, she said, so researchers have speculated that early life forms might have used it. "It does suggest that that there could be other ways to form <t>life</t>, not just how life formed on early Earth," said Foster, who was not part of Wolfe-Simon's research team. The research was supported by NASA, the Department of Energy and the National Institutes of Health.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=life%1:26:01:: | definition=a characteristic state or mode of living | examples=social life; city life
2. sense_key=life%1:09:00:: | definition=the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities | synonyms=living | examples=he could no longer cope with the complexities of life
3. sense_key=life%1:26:02:: | definition=the course of existence of an individual; the actions and events that occur in living | examples=he hoped for a new life in Australia; he wanted to live his own life without interference from others
4. sense_key=life%1:26:00:: | definition=the condition of living or the state of being alive | synonyms=animation, living, aliveness | examples=while there's life there's hope; life depends on many chemical and physical processes
5. sense_key=life%1:28:00:: | definition=the period during which something is functional (as between birth and death) | synonyms=lifetime, lifespan | examples=the battery had a short life; he lived a long and happy life
6. sense_key=life%1:28:01:: | definition=the period between birth and the present time | examples=I have known him all his life
7. sense_key=life%1:28:02:: | definition=the period from the present until death | examples=he appointed himself emperor for life
8. sense_key=life%1:18:00:: | definition=a living person | examples=his heroism saved a life
9. sense_key=life%1:07:01:: | definition=animation and energy in action or expression | synonyms=liveliness, spirit, sprightliness | examples=it was a heavy play and the actors tried in vain to give life to it
10. sense_key=life%1:03:00:: | definition=living things collectively | examples=the oceans are teeming with life
11. sense_key=life%1:19:00:: | definition=the organic phenomenon that distinguishes living organisms from nonliving ones | examples=there is no life on the moon
12. sense_key=life%1:10:00:: | definition=an account of the series of events making up a person's life | synonyms=biography, life story, life history
13. sense_key=life%1:16:00:: | definition=a motive for living | examples=pottery was his life
14. sense_key=life%1:28:03:: | definition=a prison term lasting as long as the prisoner lives | synonyms=life sentence | examples=he got life for killing the guard

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 11}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 11}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `life`
    *   Target surface form: `life`
    *   Context: "...It does suggest that that there could be other ways to form <t>life</t>, not just how life formed on early Earth..."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses bacteria (GFAJ-1), arsenic vs. phosphorus, biochemical machinery, "life form using arsenic," "early life forms," and the possibility of life occurring naturally on other planets.

    *   1: characteristic state or mode of living (e.g., social life) - No.
    *   2: experience of being alive/course of human events (e.g., complexities of life) - No.
    *   3: course of existence of an individual (e.g., new life in Australia) - No.
    *   4: condition of living or state of being alive (e.g., while there's life there's hope) - Close, but more about the *state* than the *phenomenon*.
    *   5: period during which something is functional (lifespan) - No.
    *   6: period between birth and present - No.
    *   7: period from present until death - No.
    *   8: a living person - No.
    *   9: animation and energy (liveliness) - No.
    *   10: living things collectively (e.g., oceans teeming with life) - Possible.
    *   11: the organic phenomenon that distinguishes living organisms from nonliving ones (e.g., no life on the moon) - Very strong candidate.
    *   12: biography - No.
    *   13: motive for living - No.
    *   14: prison term - No.

    *   The sentence is "there could be other ways to form life, not just how life formed on early Earth."
    *   This refers to the biological/chemical process of abiogenesis (the origin of life) and the nature of living organisms as a biological phenomenon.
    *   Sense 10 ("living things collectively") refers to the *population* of organisms.
    *   Sense 11 ("the organic phenomenon that distinguishes living organisms from nonliving ones") refers to the *concept* or *phenomenon* of life itself, which fits perfectly with "ways to form life" and "how life formed."

    *   Sense 11: "the organic phenomenon that distinguishes living organisms from nonliving ones" (Example: "there is no life on the moon").
    *   The context discusses the chemical basis of life (arsenic vs. phosphorus) and the possibility of life on other planets. This aligns perfectly with the scientific/biological phenomenon described in Sense 11.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: life
Target surface form: life
Context:
"But arsenic is different enough that it doesn't work as well as phosphorus, so it gets in there and sort of gums up the works of our biochemical machinery," explained Anbar. The researchers collected the bacteria known as GFAJ-1 and exposed it to increasing concentrations of arsenic, which it was able to adapt to and grow. The microbe does grow better on phosphorus, but showing that it can live with arsenic instead raises the possibility that a life form using arsenic could occur naturally, either elsewhere on Earth or on another planet or moon where arsenic is more common. Jamie S. Foster, an assistant professor of microbiology at the University of Florida, said the idea that arsenic could be substituted for phosphorus isn't new, but there has never been example where it was shown to work. Arsenic was more common in the early times on Earth, she said, so researchers have speculated that early life forms might have used it. "It does suggest that that there could be other ways to form life, not just how <t>life</t> formed on early Earth," said Foster, who was not part of Wolfe-Simon's research team. The research was supported by NASA, the Department of Energy and the National Institutes of Health.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=life%1:26:01:: | definition=a characteristic state or mode of living | examples=social life; city life
2. sense_key=life%1:09:00:: | definition=the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities | synonyms=living | examples=he could no longer cope with the complexities of life
3. sense_key=life%1:26:02:: | definition=the course of existence of an individual; the actions and events that occur in living | examples=he hoped for a new life in Australia; he wanted to live his own life without interference from others
4. sense_key=life%1:26:00:: | definition=the condition of living or the state of being alive | synonyms=animation, living, aliveness | examples=while there's life there's hope; life depends on many chemical and physical processes
5. sense_key=life%1:28:00:: | definition=the period during which something is functional (as between birth and death) | synonyms=lifetime, lifespan | examples=the battery had a short life; he lived a long and happy life
6. sense_key=life%1:28:01:: | definition=the period between birth and the present time | examples=I have known him all his life
7. sense_key=life%1:28:02:: | definition=the period from the present until death | examples=he appointed himself emperor for life
8. sense_key=life%1:18:00:: | definition=a living person | examples=his heroism saved a life
9. sense_key=life%1:07:01:: | definition=animation and energy in action or expression | synonyms=liveliness, spirit, sprightliness | examples=it was a heavy play and the actors tried in vain to give life to it
10. sense_key=life%1:03:00:: | definition=living things collectively | examples=the oceans are teeming with life
11. sense_key=life%1:19:00:: | definition=the organic phenomenon that distinguishes living organisms from nonliving ones | examples=there is no life on the moon
12. sense_key=life%1:10:00:: | definition=an account of the series of events making up a person's life | synonyms=biography, life story, life history
13. sense_key=life%1:16:00:: | definition=a motive for living | examples=pottery was his life
14. sense_key=life%1:28:03:: | definition=a prison term lasting as long as the prisoner lives | synonyms=life sentence | examples=he got life for killing the guard

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 11}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `life`
    *   Target surface form: `life`
    *   Context: "...there could be other ways to form life, not just how <t>life</t> formed on early Earth..."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses bacteria (GFAJ-1), arsenic vs. phosphorus, biochemical machinery, "life form using arsenic," "early life forms," and "ways to form life."

    *   1: characteristic state or mode of living (social life) - No.
    *   2: experience of being alive/course of human events (complexities of life) - No.
    *   3: course of existence of an individual (new life in Australia) - No.
    *   4: condition of living or state of being alive (while there's life there's hope) - Close, but more about the *state* of an individual or general existence.
    *   5: period during which something is functional (lifespan) - No.
    *   6: period between birth and present - No.
    *   7: period from present until death - No.
    *   8: a living person - No.
    *   9: animation and energy (liveliness) - No.
    *   10: living things collectively (oceans teeming with life) - Possible.
    *   11: the organic phenomenon that distinguishes living organisms from nonliving ones (no life on the moon) - Very strong candidate.
    *   12: biography - No.
    *   13: motive for living - No.
    *   14: prison term - No.

    *   The sentence is: "It does suggest that that there could be other ways to form life, not just how life formed on early Earth."
    *   The discussion is about the biochemical basis of life (arsenic vs. phosphorus) and the possibility of life existing on other planets.
    *   Sense 10 ("living things collectively") refers to the organisms themselves.
    *   Sense 11 ("the organic phenomenon that distinguishes living organisms from nonliving ones") refers to the biological process/phenomenon of life itself.
    *   "Ways to form life" and "how life formed" refer to the origin of the biological phenomenon (abiogenesis), not just the collection of organisms.

    *   Sense 11: "the organic phenomenon that distinguishes living organisms from nonliving ones" (Example: "there is no life on the moon").
    *   This fits perfectly with the scientific context of discussing the chemical requirements for life to emerge and exist.

    *   Sense 10: "living things collectively" (Example: "the oceans are teeming with life").
    *   While "life formed on early Earth" could mean "living things formed," the phrase "ways to form life" strongly suggests the phenomenon/process of life.

    *   The context is about the biochemical possibility of life. Sense 11 is the most precise fit for the biological/scientific concept of "life" as a phenomenon.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: earth
Target surface form: Earth
Context:
"But arsenic is different enough that it doesn't work as well as phosphorus, so it gets in there and sort of gums up the works of our biochemical machinery," explained Anbar. The researchers collected the bacteria known as GFAJ-1 and exposed it to increasing concentrations of arsenic, which it was able to adapt to and grow. The microbe does grow better on phosphorus, but showing that it can live with arsenic instead raises the possibility that a life form using arsenic could occur naturally, either elsewhere on Earth or on another planet or moon where arsenic is more common. Jamie S. Foster, an assistant professor of microbiology at the University of Florida, said the idea that arsenic could be substituted for phosphorus isn't new, but there has never been example where it was shown to work. Arsenic was more common in the early times on Earth, she said, so researchers have speculated that early life forms might have used it. "It does suggest that that there could be other ways to form life, not just how life formed on early <t>Earth</t>," said Foster, who was not part of Wolfe-Simon's research team. The research was supported by NASA, the Department of Energy and the National Institutes of Health.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=earth%1:17:00:: | definition=the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on | synonyms=world, globe | examples=the Earth moves around the sun; he sailed around the world
2. sense_key=earth%1:27:00:: | definition=the loose soft material that makes up a large part of the land surface | synonyms=ground | examples=they dug into the earth outside the church
3. sense_key=earth%1:17:01:: | definition=the solid part of the earth's surface | synonyms=land, dry land, ground, solid ground, terra firma | examples=the plane turned away from the sea and moved back over land; the earth shook for several minutes
4. sense_key=earth%1:15:00:: | definition=the abode of mortals (as contrasted with Heaven or Hell) | examples=it was hell on earth
5. sense_key=earth%1:27:01:: | definition=once thought to be one of four elements composing the universe (Empedocles)
6. sense_key=earth%1:09:00:: | definition=the concerns of this life as distinguished from heaven and the afterlife | synonyms=worldly concern, earthly concern, world | examples=they consider the church to be independent of the world
7. sense_key=earth%1:06:00:: | definition=a connection between an electrical device and a large conducting body, such as the earth (which is taken to be at zero voltage) | synonyms=ground

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `earth`
    *   Target surface form: `Earth`
    *   Context: "...not just how life formed on early <t>Earth</t>,"
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses bacteria (GFAJ-1), arsenic, phosphorus, life forms occurring naturally "elsewhere on Earth or on another planet or moon", and "early times on Earth".

    *   Sense 1: the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on (synonyms: world, globe).
    *   Sense 2: the loose soft material that makes up a large part of the land surface (synonyms: ground).
    *   Sense 3: the solid part of the earth's surface (synonyms: land, dry land, ground).
    *   Sense 4: the abode of mortals (contrasted with Heaven or Hell).
    *   Sense 5: one of four elements (Empedocles).
    *   Sense 6: the concerns of this life (distinguished from heaven/afterlife).
    *   Sense 7: electrical ground.

    *   The context mentions "another planet or moon", "early times on Earth", and "how life formed on early Earth".
    *   This clearly refers to the planet as a whole, not just the soil (Sense 2), the land surface (Sense 3), or a spiritual/elemental concept (Senses 4, 5, 6).
    *   The comparison with "another planet or moon" strongly points to Sense 1 (the 3rd planet from the sun).

    *   Sense 1: "the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on" - Fits perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: part
Target surface form: part
Context:
"But arsenic is different enough that it doesn't work as well as phosphorus, so it gets in there and sort of gums up the works of our biochemical machinery," explained Anbar. The researchers collected the bacteria known as GFAJ-1 and exposed it to increasing concentrations of arsenic, which it was able to adapt to and grow. The microbe does grow better on phosphorus, but showing that it can live with arsenic instead raises the possibility that a life form using arsenic could occur naturally, either elsewhere on Earth or on another planet or moon where arsenic is more common. Jamie S. Foster, an assistant professor of microbiology at the University of Florida, said the idea that arsenic could be substituted for phosphorus isn't new, but there has never been example where it was shown to work. Arsenic was more common in the early times on Earth, she said, so researchers have speculated that early life forms might have used it. "It does suggest that that there could be other ways to form life, not just how life formed on early Earth," said Foster, who was not <t>part</t> of Wolfe-Simon's research team. The research was supported by NASA, the Department of Energy and the National Institutes of Health.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=part%1:24:00:: | definition=something determined in relation to something that includes it | synonyms=portion, component part, component, constituent | examples=he wanted to feel a part of something bigger than himself; I read a portion of the manuscript
2. sense_key=part%1:06:00:: | definition=something less than the whole of a human artifact | synonyms=portion | examples=the rear part of the house; glue the two parts together
3. sense_key=part%1:17:00:: | definition=a portion of a natural object | synonyms=piece | examples=they analyzed the river into three parts; he needed a piece of granite
4. sense_key=part%1:09:02:: | definition=that which concerns a person with regard to a particular role or situation | examples=it requires vigilance on our part; they resisted every effort on his part
5. sense_key=part%1:15:00:: | definition=the extended spatial location of something | synonyms=region | examples=the farming regions of France; religions in all parts of the world
6. sense_key=part%1:04:01:: | definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=function, office, role | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part
7. sense_key=part%1:09:01:: | definition=an actor's portrayal of someone in a play | synonyms=character, role, theatrical role, persona | examples=she played the part of Desdemona
8. sense_key=part%1:21:00:: | definition=assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=share, portion, percentage | examples=he wanted his share in cash
9. sense_key=part%1:09:00:: | definition=one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole | synonyms=section, division | examples=the written part of the exam; the finance section of the company
10. sense_key=part%1:08:01:: | definition=a line of scalp that can be seen when sections of hair are combed in opposite directions | synonyms=parting | examples=his part was right in the middle
11. sense_key=part%1:10:00:: | definition=the melody carried by a particular voice or instrument in polyphonic music | synonyms=voice | examples=he tried to sing the tenor part
12. sense_key=part%1:04:03:: | definition=the part played by a person in bringing about a result | synonyms=contribution, share | examples=I am proud of my contribution in advancing the project; they all did their share of the work

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `part`
    *   Target surface form: `part`
    *   Context: "...said Foster, who was not <t>part</t> of Wolfe-Simon's research team."
    *   Meaning: Foster was not a member or a constituent of the research team.

    *   Sense 1: "something determined in relation to something that includes it" (synonyms: portion, component part, component, constituent). Example: "he wanted to feel a part of something bigger than himself".
    *   Sense 2: "something less than the whole of a human artifact" (synonyms: portion). Example: "the rear part of the house".
    *   Sense 3: "a portion of a natural object" (synonyms: piece). Example: "they analyzed the river into three parts".
    *   Sense 4: "that which concerns a person with regard to a particular role or situation". Example: "it requires vigilance on our part".
    *   Sense 5: "the extended spatial location of something" (synonyms: region). Example: "religions in all parts of the world".
    *   Sense 6: "the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group" (synonyms: function, office, role). Example: "the government must do its part".
    *   Sense 7: "an actor's portrayal of someone in a play" (synonyms: character, role). Example: "she played the part of Desdemona".
    *   Sense 8: "assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group" (synonyms: share, portion). Example: "he wanted his share in cash".
    *   Sense 9: "one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole" (synonyms: section, division). Example: "the written part of the exam".
    *   Sense 10: "a line of scalp..." (synonyms: parting).
    *   Sense 11: "the melody carried by a particular voice or instrument..." (synonyms: voice).
    *   Sense 12: "the part played by a person in bringing about a result" (synonyms: contribution, share). Example: "I am proud of my contribution in advancing the project".

    *   The phrase "not part of Wolfe-Simon's research team" means Foster was not a member or a constituent of that group.
    *   Sense 1 ("something determined in relation to something that includes it") fits perfectly. The example "he wanted to feel a part of something bigger than himself" is almost identical in structure and meaning to "was not part of Wolfe-Simon's research team".
    *   Sense 9 ("one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided") is more about sections of a whole (like a test or a company department), whereas Sense 1 is more about membership or being a constituent of a larger entity.
    *   Sense 6 and 12 are about roles or contributions, not membership.

    *   Sense 1: "something determined in relation to something that includes it" / "constituent" / "he wanted to feel a part of something bigger than himself".
    *   This matches the context of being a member of a team.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: team
Target surface form: team
Context:
"But arsenic is different enough that it doesn't work as well as phosphorus, so it gets in there and sort of gums up the works of our biochemical machinery," explained Anbar. The researchers collected the bacteria known as GFAJ-1 and exposed it to increasing concentrations of arsenic, which it was able to adapt to and grow. The microbe does grow better on phosphorus, but showing that it can live with arsenic instead raises the possibility that a life form using arsenic could occur naturally, either elsewhere on Earth or on another planet or moon where arsenic is more common. Jamie S. Foster, an assistant professor of microbiology at the University of Florida, said the idea that arsenic could be substituted for phosphorus isn't new, but there has never been example where it was shown to work. Arsenic was more common in the early times on Earth, she said, so researchers have speculated that early life forms might have used it. "It does suggest that that there could be other ways to form life, not just how life formed on early Earth," said Foster, who was not part of Wolfe-Simon's research <t>team</t>. The research was supported by NASA, the Department of Energy and the National Institutes of Health.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=team%1:14:00:: | definition=a cooperative unit (especially in sports) | synonyms=squad
2. sense_key=team%1:14:01:: | definition=two or more draft animals that work together to pull something

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `team`
    *   Target surface form: `team`
    *   Context: "...said Foster, who was not part of Wolfe-Simon's research <t>team</t>."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `team%1:14:00::`: a cooperative unit (especially in sports) | synonyms=squad
        2.  `team%1:14:01::`: two or more draft animals that work together to pull something

    *   The context refers to "Wolfe-Simon's research team".
    *   This refers to a group of researchers working together on a scientific project.
    *   This fits the definition of "a cooperative unit".

    *   Sense 1: "a cooperative unit (especially in sports)" - This fits a research team perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "two or more draft animals..." - This does not fit at all.

    *   The best sense is index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: routine
Target surface form: routine
Context:
The democratic <t>routine</t> Support for democracy in Latin America continues to edge up, as does backing for private enterprise.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=routine%1:04:00:: | definition=an unvarying or habitual method or procedure | synonyms=modus operandi
2. sense_key=routine%1:10:01:: | definition=a short theatrical performance that is part of a longer program | synonyms=act, number, turn, bit | examples=he did his act three times every evening; she had a catchy little routine
3. sense_key=routine%1:10:00:: | definition=a set sequence of steps, part of larger computer program | synonyms=subroutine, subprogram, procedure, function

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "routine"
    *   Target surface form: "routine"
    *   Context: "The democratic <t>routine</t> Support for democracy in Latin America continues to edge up, as does backing for private enterprise."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `routine%1:04:00`: an unvarying or habitual method or procedure (synonym: modus operandi).
        2.  `routine%1:10:01`: a short theatrical performance (synonyms: act, number, turn, bit).
        3.  `routine%1:10:00`: a set sequence of steps in a computer program (synonyms: subroutine, subprogram).

    *   The sentence is: "The democratic routine Support for democracy in Latin America continues to edge up, as does backing for private enterprise."
    *   Wait, looking closely at the context provided: "The democratic <t>routine</t> Support for democracy in Latin America continues to edge up..."
    *   This looks like a fragment or a typo in the source text. "The democratic routine" seems to be a heading or a lead-in, and "Support for democracy..." is the start of the actual sentence.
    *   If "routine" is used as "The democratic routine", it likely refers to the habitual way things are done in a democracy or the standard procedure/pattern of democratic processes.

    *   Sense 1: "an unvarying or habitual method or procedure". This fits the idea of a "democratic routine" (the standard way democratic processes unfold).
    *   Sense 2: "a short theatrical performance". This doesn't fit the context of democracy and political support.
    *   Sense 3: "a set sequence of steps, part of larger computer program". This doesn't fit the context of democracy.

    *   The phrase "The democratic routine" suggests a pattern or a standard procedure associated with democracy. Sense 1 (habitual method or procedure) is the only one that makes sense here.

    *   Sense 1: routine%1:04:00 (habitual method/procedure) -> Index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: support
Target surface form: Support
Context:
The democratic routine <t>Support</t> for democracy in Latin America continues to edge up, as does backing for private enterprise. Crime has become a bigger worry than unemployment.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=support%1:04:04:: | definition=the activity of providing for or maintaining by supplying with money or necessities | examples=his support kept the family together; they gave him emotional support during difficult times
2. sense_key=support%1:04:00:: | definition=aiding the cause or policy or interests of | examples=the president no longer has the support of his own party; they developed a scheme of mutual support
3. sense_key=support%1:09:00:: | definition=something providing immaterial assistance to a person or cause or interest | examples=the policy found little public support; his faith was all the support he needed
4. sense_key=support%1:04:03:: | definition=a military operation (often involving new supplies of men and materiel) to strengthen a military force or aid in the performance of its mission | synonyms=reinforcement, reenforcement | examples=they called for artillery support
5. sense_key=support%1:04:02:: | definition=documentary validation | synonyms=documentation | examples=his documentation of the results was excellent; the strongest support for this view is the work of Jones
6. sense_key=support%1:21:00:: | definition=the financial means whereby one lives | synonyms=keep, livelihood, living, bread and butter, sustenance | examples=each child was expected to pay for their keep; he applied to the state for support
7. sense_key=support%1:06:01:: | definition=supporting structure that holds up or provides a foundation | examples=the statue stood on a marble support
8. sense_key=support%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of bearing the weight of or strengthening | synonyms=supporting | examples=he leaned against the wall for support
9. sense_key=support%1:10:01:: | definition=a musical part (vocal or instrumental) that supports or provides background for other musical parts | synonyms=accompaniment, musical accompaniment, backup
10. sense_key=support%1:06:00:: | definition=any device that bears the weight of another thing | examples=there was no place to attach supports for a shelf
11. sense_key=support%1:21:01:: | definition=financial resources provided to make some project possible | synonyms=financial support, funding, backing, financial backing | examples=the foundation provided support for the experiment

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "support"
    *   Target surface form: "Support"
    *   Context: "The democratic routine Support for democracy in Latin America continues to edge up, as does backing for private enterprise."
    *   Key phrase: "Support for democracy"

    *   Sense 1: Providing money or necessities (financial/emotional maintenance).
    *   Sense 2: Aiding the cause or policy or interests of (the act of aiding).
    *   Sense 3: Something providing immaterial assistance to a person or cause or interest (the state of being supported, public approval).
    *   Sense 4: Military operation.
    *   Sense 5: Documentary validation.
    *   Sense 6: Financial means whereby one lives (livelihood).
    *   Sense 7: Supporting structure (physical).
    *   Sense 8: Act of bearing weight (physical).
    *   Sense 9: Musical part.
    *   Sense 10: Device that bears weight (physical).
    *   Sense 11: Financial resources for a project (funding).

    *   The sentence says "Support for democracy... continues to edge up, as does backing for private enterprise."
    *   "Support" here is used as a noun.
    *   It is compared to "backing" (in the sense of approval or endorsement).
    *   It refers to the level of public approval or adherence to the idea of democracy.
    *   This is "immaterial assistance to a... cause or interest."

    *   Sense 2: "aiding the cause or policy or interests of" (This is often used as a gerund or a general activity, but Sense 3 is more specific to the *thing* providing the assistance, like "public support").
    *   Sense 3: "something providing immaterial assistance to a person or cause or interest" (Example: "the policy found little public support"). This matches "Support for democracy" perfectly.

    *   Sense 2 is often the *act* of supporting.
    *   Sense 3 is the *existence* of support (e.g., public support).
    *   In "Support for democracy... continues to edge up", it refers to the amount/level of support, which aligns best with Sense 3.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: backing
Target surface form: backing
Context:
The democratic routine Support for democracy in Latin America continues to edge up, as does <t>backing</t> for private enterprise. Crime has become a bigger worry than unemployment.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=backing%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of providing approval and support | synonyms=backup, championship, patronage | examples=his vigorous backing of the conservatives got him in trouble with progressives
2. sense_key=backing%1:06:00:: | definition=something forming a back that is added for strengthening | synonyms=mount
3. sense_key=backing%1:21:00:: | definition=financial resources provided to make some project possible | synonyms=support, financial support, funding, financial backing | examples=the foundation provided support for the experiment

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "backing"
    *   Target surface form: "backing"
    *   Context: "The democratic routine Support for democracy in Latin America continues to edge up, as does <t>backing</t> for private enterprise. Crime has become a bigger worry than unemployment."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `backing%1:04:00::`: the act of providing approval and support (synonyms: backup, championship, patronage).
        2.  `backing%1:06:00::`: something forming a back that is added for strengthening (synonyms: mount).
        3.  `backing%1:21:00::`: financial resources provided to make some project possible (synonyms: support, financial support, funding, financial backing).

    *   The sentence says: "Support for democracy in Latin America continues to edge up, as does backing for private enterprise."
    *   The structure "Support for X... as does backing for Y" suggests that "backing" is being used in a similar way to "support".
    *   "Backing for private enterprise" refers to general approval, support, or endorsement of the concept of private enterprise, rather than specifically financial funding for a specific project.

    *   Sense 1: "the act of providing approval and support". This fits well with "support for democracy".
    *   Sense 2: "something forming a back... for strengthening". This is a physical backing (like on a carpet or a mirror). Not applicable.
    *   Sense 3: "financial resources provided to make some project possible". While "backing" can mean financial support, the context "backing for private enterprise" in a sentence about political/social trends ("Support for democracy") points more towards general approval/support (Sense 1) than specific financial funding for a project (Sense 3).

    *   The sentence compares "Support for democracy" with "backing for private enterprise".
    *   "Support" in "Support for democracy" is general approval.
    *   Therefore, "backing" in "backing for private enterprise" is most likely general approval/support.

    *   Sense 1: approval and support.
    *   Sense 3: financial resources.
    *   In the context of "private enterprise" as a general economic system/concept (similar to "democracy" as a political system), "backing" means public or political support/approval.

    *   Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: crime
Target surface form: Crime
Context:
The democratic routine Support for democracy in Latin America continues to edge up, as does backing for private enterprise. <t>Crime</t> has become a bigger worry than unemployment. And Brazil is seen as more influential than the United States across much of the region.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=crime%1:04:00:: | definition=(criminal law) an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act | synonyms=offense, criminal offense, criminal offence, offence, law-breaking | examples=a long record of crimes
2. sense_key=crime%1:04:01:: | definition=an evil act not necessarily punishable by law | examples=crimes of the heart

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `crime`
    *   Target surface form: `Crime`
    *   Context: "The democratic routine Support for democracy in Latin America continues to edge up, as does backing for private enterprise. <t>Crime</t> has become a bigger worry than unemployment. And Brazil is seen as more influential than the United States across much of the region."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `crime%1:04:00::`: (criminal law) an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act. Synonyms: offense, criminal offense, etc.
        2.  `crime%1:04:01::`: an evil act not necessarily punishable by law. Examples: crimes of the heart.

    *   The sentence "Crime has become a bigger worry than unemployment" discusses societal concerns in Latin America.
    *   In this context, "crime" refers to illegal activities (theft, violence, etc.) that are punishable by law and cause public worry.
    *   It is not referring to "crimes of the heart" or moral failings that aren't illegal.

    *   Sense 1: Legal definition (punishable by law). This fits perfectly with societal worries about crime rates and public safety.
    *   Sense 2: Moral definition (not necessarily punishable by law). This does not fit the context of a socio-economic comparison with unemployment.

    *   Sense 1 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: worry
Target surface form: worry
Context:
The democratic routine Support for democracy in Latin America continues to edge up, as does backing for private enterprise. Crime has become a bigger <t>worry</t> than unemployment. And Brazil is seen as more influential than the United States across much of the region.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=worry%1:09:00:: | definition=something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness | synonyms=concern, headache, vexation | examples=New York traffic is a constant concern; it's a major worry
2. sense_key=worry%1:12:00:: | definition=a strong feeling of anxiety | synonyms=trouble | examples=his worry over the prospect of being fired; it is not work but worry that kills

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "worry"
    *   Target surface form: "worry"
    *   Context: "Crime has become a bigger <t>worry</t> than unemployment."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `worry%1:09:00::`: something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness (synonyms: concern, headache, vexation).
        2.  `worry%1:12:00::`: a strong feeling of anxiety (synonyms: trouble).

    *   The sentence is: "Crime has become a bigger worry than unemployment."
    *   Here, "worry" refers to "Crime" and "unemployment".
    *   Crime and unemployment are *sources* of anxiety, not the *feeling* of anxiety itself.
    *   If it were sense 2, the sentence would be describing the *feeling* of worry, but it's comparing two things (crime and unemployment) that *cause* the worry.

    *   Sense 1: "something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness". This fits perfectly. Crime is a source of anxiety.
    *   Sense 2: "a strong feeling of anxiety". This does not fit. Crime is not a feeling.

    *   Sense 1 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: brazil
Target surface form: Brazil
Context:
The democratic routine Support for democracy in Latin America continues to edge up, as does backing for private enterprise. Crime has become a bigger worry than unemployment. And <t>Brazil</t> is seen as more influential than the United States across much of the region. Those are some of the findings of the latest Latinobarómetro poll taken in 18 countries and published exclusively by The Economist.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=brazil%1:15:00:: | definition=the largest Latin American country and the largest Portuguese speaking country in the world; located in the central and northeastern part of South America; world's leading coffee exporter | synonyms=Federative Republic of Brazil, Brasil
2. sense_key=brazil%1:13:00:: | definition=three-sided tropical American nut with white oily meat and hard brown shell | synonyms=brazil nut

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "brazil"
    *   Target surface form: "Brazil"
    *   Context: "The democratic routine Support for democracy in Latin America continues to edge up... And <t>Brazil</t> is seen as more influential than the United States across much of the region."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `brazil%1:15:00::`: The largest Latin American country... (Federative Republic of Brazil)
        2.  `brazil%1:13:00::`: Three-sided tropical American nut... (brazil nut)

    *   The sentence mentions "Latin America", "democracy", "private enterprise", "influential than the United States", and "Latinobarómetro poll taken in 18 countries".
    *   "Brazil" is being compared to the "United States" in terms of influence in a region.
    *   This clearly refers to the country, not the nut.

    *   Sense 1: Country (Matches)
    *   Sense 2: Nut (Does not match)


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: united_states
Target surface form: United States
Context:
The democratic routine Support for democracy in Latin America continues to edge up, as does backing for private enterprise. Crime has become a bigger worry than unemployment. And Brazil is seen as more influential than the <t>United States</t> across much of the region. Those are some of the findings of the latest Latinobarómetro poll taken in 18 countries and published exclusively by The Economist.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=united_states%1:15:00:: | definition=North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776 | synonyms=United States of America, America, the States, US, USA
2. sense_key=united_states%1:14:00:: | definition=the executive and legislative and judicial branches of the federal government of the United States | synonyms=United States government, U.S. government, U.S.

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `united_states`
    *   Target surface form: `United States`
    *   Context: "And Brazil is seen as more influential than the <t>United States</t> across much of the region."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `united_states%1:15:00::`: North American republic containing 50 states... (The country/nation)
        2.  `united_states%1:14:00::`: the executive and legislative and judicial branches of the federal government... (The government)

    *   The sentence compares Brazil (a country) to the United States in terms of influence across a region (Latin America).
    *   "Brazil is seen as more influential than the United States..."
    *   In geopolitical contexts, when comparing the influence of one country (Brazil) to another (United States), it usually refers to the nation-state as a whole (the entity), although it often implies the government's actions.
    *   However, the primary comparison is between two sovereign states (Brazil vs. USA).

    *   Sense 1: The country (North American republic).
    *   Sense 2: The government (executive, legislative, judicial branches).

    *   If the sentence said "The United States passed a law," Sense 2 (government) would be more appropriate.
    *   If the sentence says "Brazil is more influential than the United States," it's comparing the geopolitical power of the two nations.
    *   Usually, in these types of comparisons, the country as a whole (Sense 1) is the intended meaning, as "influence" is a property of the state/nation.

    *   Brazil (Country) vs. United States (Country).
    *   Sense 1 is the general entity. Sense 2 is specifically the government apparatus.
    *   While the government exerts the influence, the comparison is between the two nations.

    *   Sense 1: North American republic...
    *   Sense 2: the executive and legislative and judicial branches...
    *   Comparing Brazil (the country) to the United States (the country) fits Sense 1 best.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: finding
Target surface form: findings
Context:
The democratic routine Support for democracy in Latin America continues to edge up, as does backing for private enterprise. Crime has become a bigger worry than unemployment. And Brazil is seen as more influential than the United States across much of the region. Those are some of the <t>findings</t> of the latest Latinobarómetro poll taken in 18 countries and published exclusively by The Economist. Because the poll has been taken regularly since 1995, it tracks changes in attitude across the region.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=finding%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of determining the properties of something, usually by research or calculation | synonyms=determination | examples=the determination of molecular structures
2. sense_key=finding%1:04:01:: | definition=the decision of a court on issues of fact or law
3. sense_key=finding%1:17:00:: | definition=something that is found | examples=the findings in the gastrointestinal tract indicate that he died several hours after dinner; an area rich in archaeological findings

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `finding`
    *   Target surface form: `findings`
    *   Context: "Those are some of the <t>findings</t> of the latest Latinobarómetro poll taken in 18 countries and published exclusively by The Economist."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `finding%1:04:00`: the act of determining the properties of something, usually by research or calculation (determination).
        2.  `finding%1:04:01`: the decision of a court on issues of fact or law.
        3.  `finding%1:17:00`: something that is found (e.g., archaeological findings, medical findings).

    *   The context refers to the results of a poll (Latinobarómetro poll).
    *   "Those are some of the findings..." refers back to the statements about support for democracy, backing for private enterprise, crime, and Brazil's influence.
    *   These are the *results* or *discoveries* made by the poll.

    *   Sense 1: "the act of determining..." (The process). The context refers to the *results* of the process, not the act itself.
    *   Sense 2: "the decision of a court..." (Legal). Not applicable here.
    *   Sense 3: "something that is found". In a research/poll context, "findings" are the things discovered or the results obtained. While the examples given are medical and archaeological, the general meaning of "something that is found" (a discovery/result) fits best.

    *   Wait, let me re-evaluate Sense 1 vs Sense 3.
    *   Sense 1: "the act of determining the properties of something, usually by research or calculation".
    *   Sense 3: "something that is found".
    *   In academic/research contexts, "findings" almost always refers to the results (the things found), not the act of finding them.
    *   Example for Sense 3: "the findings in the gastrointestinal tract indicate..." (These are the results of an autopsy/exam).
    *   The poll results are the "findings".

    *   Sense 1 is the *process* (determination).
    *   Sense 3 is the *result* (something found).
    *   The context "Those are some of the findings" clearly refers to the results.

    *   Sense 3 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: poll
Target surface form: poll
Context:
The democratic routine Support for democracy in Latin America continues to edge up, as does backing for private enterprise. Crime has become a bigger worry than unemployment. And Brazil is seen as more influential than the United States across much of the region. Those are some of the findings of the latest Latinobarómetro <t>poll</t> taken in 18 countries and published exclusively by The Economist. Because the poll has been taken regularly since 1995, it tracks changes in attitude across the region.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=poll%1:09:00:: | definition=an inquiry into public opinion conducted by interviewing a random sample of people | synonyms=opinion poll, public opinion poll, canvass
2. sense_key=poll%1:08:01:: | definition=the top of the head | synonyms=pate, crown
3. sense_key=poll%1:08:02:: | definition=the part of the head between the ears
4. sense_key=poll%1:05:00:: | definition=a tame parrot | synonyms=poll parrot
5. sense_key=poll%1:04:00:: | definition=the counting of votes (as in an election)

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `poll`
    *   Target surface form: `poll`
    *   Context: "Those are some of the findings of the latest Latinobarómetro <t>poll</t> taken in 18 countries and published exclusively by The Economist. Because the poll has been taken regularly since 1995, it tracks changes in attitude across the region."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `poll%1:09:00::`: an inquiry into public opinion conducted by interviewing a random sample of people (synonyms: opinion poll, public opinion poll, canvass).
        2.  `poll%1:08:01::`: the top of the head (synonyms: pate, crown).
        3.  `poll%1:08:02::`: the part of the head between the ears.
        4.  `poll%1:05:00::`: a tame parrot (synonyms: poll parrot).
        5.  `poll%1:04:00::`: the counting of votes (as in an election).

    *   The context mentions "findings of the latest Latinobarómetro poll", "taken in 18 countries", "published exclusively by The Economist", and "tracks changes in attitude across the region".
    *   This clearly refers to a survey or inquiry into public opinion.

    *   Sense 1: "an inquiry into public opinion conducted by interviewing a random sample of people" - Matches perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "the top of the head" - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 3: "the part of the head between the ears" - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 4: "a tame parrot" - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 5: "the counting of votes (as in an election)" - While related to polling, the context describes a survey about attitudes and opinions (democracy, private enterprise, crime, influence), not the act of counting votes in an election.

    *   The best fit is Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: country
Target surface form: countries
Context:
The democratic routine Support for democracy in Latin America continues to edge up, as does backing for private enterprise. Crime has become a bigger worry than unemployment. And Brazil is seen as more influential than the United States across much of the region. Those are some of the findings of the latest Latinobarómetro poll taken in 18 <t>countries</t> and published exclusively by The Economist. Because the poll has been taken regularly since 1995, it tracks changes in attitude across the region.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=country%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=state, nation, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
2. sense_key=country%1:15:00:: | definition=the territory occupied by a nation | synonyms=state, land | examples=he returned to the land of his birth; he visited several European countries
3. sense_key=country%1:14:01:: | definition=the people who live in a nation or country | synonyms=nation, land | examples=a statement that sums up the nation's mood; the news was announced to the nation
4. sense_key=country%1:15:01:: | definition=an area outside of cities and towns | synonyms=rural area | examples=his poetry celebrated the slower pace of life in the country
5. sense_key=country%1:15:02:: | definition=a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography) | synonyms=area | examples=it was a mountainous area; Bible country

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `country`
    *   Target surface form: `countries`
    *   Context: "Those are some of the findings of the latest Latinobarómetro poll taken in 18 <t>countries</t> and published exclusively by The Economist."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `country%1:14:00`: a politically organized body of people under a single government (state, nation).
        2.  `country%1:15:00`: the territory occupied by a nation (state, land).
        3.  `country%1:14:01`: the people who live in a nation or country (nation, land).
        4.  `country%1:15:01`: an area outside of cities and towns (rural area).
        5.  `country%1:15:02`: a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary.

    *   The sentence says a poll was "taken in 18 countries".
    *   A poll is typically conducted across different political entities (nations/states).
    *   Sense 1 refers to the political entity (the state/government).
    *   Sense 2 refers to the physical territory.
    *   Sense 3 refers to the people.
    *   Sense 4 refers to rural areas.
    *   Sense 5 refers to a geographical region.

    *   When we say a poll was taken in "18 countries", we usually mean 18 sovereign states or political entities.
    *   Comparing Sense 1 (political body) and Sense 2 (territory):
        *   Sense 1: "a politically organized body of people under a single government" (e.g., "African nations").
        *   Sense 2: "the territory occupied by a nation" (e.g., "he visited several European countries").
    *   In the context of a poll (Latinobarómetro), it's about the political entities (the nations of Latin America).
    *   Looking at the examples: "African nations" (Sense 1) vs "visited several European countries" (Sense 2).
    *   Usually, "taken in [number] countries" refers to the political entities.
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 1 vs Sense 2.
        *   Sense 1: state, nation, commonwealth.
        *   Sense 2: state, land.
    *   In many WSD datasets (like SemCor), "country" in the sense of a nation-state is often mapped to the political entity sense.
    *   Let's look at the context again: "Support for democracy in Latin America... Brazil is seen as more influential than the United States... poll taken in 18 countries".
    *   The focus is on political trends (democracy, influence of states). This strongly points to the political entity (Sense 1).

    *   Sense 1: Politically organized body.
    *   Sense 2: Territory.
    *   Sense 3: People.
    *   Sense 4: Rural.
    *   Sense 5: Region.
    *   The poll is conducted across 18 distinct political entities. Sense 1 is the most precise fit for "nation-state".

    *   Sense 1: "a politically organized body of people under a single government"
    *   Sense 2: "the territory occupied by a nation"
    *   While "taken in [territory]" is grammatically possible, the conceptual unit of a poll like Latinobarómetro is the nation-state.

    *   Sense 1: state, nation, land, commonwealth.
    *   Sense 2: state, land.
    *   Sense 1 is broader and more aligned with the political context of the passage.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: poll
Target surface form: poll
Context:
The democratic routine Support for democracy in Latin America continues to edge up, as does backing for private enterprise. Crime has become a bigger worry than unemployment. And Brazil is seen as more influential than the United States across much of the region. Those are some of the findings of the latest Latinobarómetro poll taken in 18 countries and published exclusively by The Economist. Because the <t>poll</t> has been taken regularly since 1995, it tracks changes in attitude across the region. Two related things stand out in the results of this year's poll, taken in September and early October.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=poll%1:09:00:: | definition=an inquiry into public opinion conducted by interviewing a random sample of people | synonyms=opinion poll, public opinion poll, canvass
2. sense_key=poll%1:08:01:: | definition=the top of the head | synonyms=pate, crown
3. sense_key=poll%1:08:02:: | definition=the part of the head between the ears
4. sense_key=poll%1:05:00:: | definition=a tame parrot | synonyms=poll parrot
5. sense_key=poll%1:04:00:: | definition=the counting of votes (as in an election)

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "poll"
    *   Target surface form: "poll"
    *   Context: "The democratic routine Support for democracy in Latin America continues to edge up... Those are some of the findings of the latest Latinobarómetro poll taken in 18 countries... Because the <t>poll</t> has been taken regularly since 1995, it tracks changes in attitude across the region."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `poll%1:09:00::`: an inquiry into public opinion conducted by interviewing a random sample of people (opinion poll, public opinion poll, canvass).
        2.  `poll%1:08:01::`: the top of the head (pate, crown).
        3.  `poll%1:08:02::`: the part of the head between the ears.
        4.  `poll%1:05:00::`: a tame parrot.
        5.  `poll%1:04:00::`: the counting of votes (as in an election).

    *   The context mentions "findings of the latest Latinobarómetro poll", "taken in 18 countries", "tracks changes in attitude across the region", and "results of this year's poll".
    *   This clearly refers to a survey or inquiry into public opinion.

    *   Sense 1: "an inquiry into public opinion conducted by interviewing a random sample of people" - Matches perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "the top of the head" - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 3: "the part of the head between the ears" - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 4: "a tame parrot" - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 5: "the counting of votes (as in an election)" - While related to voting, the context is about "findings", "changes in attitude", and "Latinobarómetro" (a well-known public opinion survey), not the act of counting votes in an election.

    *   The best fit is Sense 1.