[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: republican
Target surface form: Republicans
Context:
Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why <t>Republicans</t> generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House. Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national policy making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=republican%1:18:01:: | definition=a member of the Republican Party
2. sense_key=republican%1:18:00:: | definition=an advocate of a republic (usually in opposition to a monarchy)
3. sense_key=republican%1:17:00:: | definition=a tributary of the Kansas River that flows from eastern Colorado eastward through Nebraska and Kansas | synonyms=Republican River

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `republican`
    *   Target surface form: `Republicans`
    *   Context: The text discusses the "Republican Party," "Democratic opponent," "Republican candidates," "Democratic legislators," and "Senate races." It specifically mentions "Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `republican%1:18:01::`: a member of the Republican Party
        2.  `republican%1:18:00::`: an advocate of a republic (usually in opposition to a monarchy)
        3.  `republican%1:17:00::`: a tributary of the Kansas River...

    *   The context is clearly about US politics, specifically the Republican Party and its candidates/members in congressional elections.
    *   Sense 1 refers to a member of the Republican Party.
    *   Sense 2 refers to a general advocate of a republic.
    *   Sense 3 refers to a river.

    *   The context explicitly mentions the "Republican Party" multiple times.
    *   "Republicans" in "Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races" refers to the members/candidates of that party.

    *   Sense 1 is the perfect fit.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: fare
Target surface form: fared
Context:
Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have <t>fared</t> better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House. Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national policy making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=fare%2:42:00:: | definition=proceed or get along | synonyms=do, make out, come, get along | examples=How is she doing in her new job?; How are you making out in graduate school?
2. sense_key=fare%2:34:00:: | definition=eat well

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `fare`
    *   Target surface form: `fared`
    *   Context: "...the theory suggests why Republicans generally have <t>fared</t> better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `fare%2:42:00::` | definition=proceed or get along | synonyms=do, make out, come, get along | examples=How is she doing in her new job?; How are you making out in graduate school?
        2.  `fare%2:34:00::` | definition=eat well

    *   The sentence is discussing the performance of Republicans in Senate races compared to House races.
    *   "fared better" in this context means they performed better, had more success, or "got along" better in terms of results.

    *   Sense 1: "proceed or get along" (synonyms: do, make out). This fits perfectly. "How did they fare?" = "How did they do?"
    *   Sense 2: "eat well". This does not fit the context of political races.

    *   Sense 1 is the correct choice.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: race
Target surface form: races
Context:
Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate <t>races</t> than in campaigns for the House. Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national policy making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=race%1:11:01:: | definition=any competition | examples=the race for the presidency
2. sense_key=race%1:11:00:: | definition=a contest of speed | examples=the race is to the swift
3. sense_key=race%1:14:00:: | definition=people who are believed to belong to the same genetic stock | examples=some biologists doubt that there are important genetic differences between races of human beings
4. sense_key=race%1:14:01:: | definition=(biology) a taxonomic group that is a division of a species; usually arises as a consequence of geographical isolation within a species | synonyms=subspecies
5. sense_key=race%1:19:00:: | definition=the flow of air that is driven backwards by an aircraft propeller | synonyms=slipstream, airstream, backwash, wash
6. sense_key=race%1:06:00:: | definition=a canal for a current of water | synonyms=raceway

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `race`
    *   Target surface form: `races`
    *   Context: "...the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate <t>races</t> than in campaigns for the House."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `race%1:11:01::`: any competition (example: the race for the presidency)
        2.  `race%1:11:00::`: a contest of speed (example: the race is to the swift)
        3.  `race%1:14:00::`: people who are believed to belong to the same genetic stock
        4.  `race%1:14:01::`: (biology) a taxonomic group...
        5.  `race%1:19:00::`: the flow of air...
        6.  `race%1:06:00::`: a canal for a current of water

    *   The sentence discusses "Senate races" in contrast with "campaigns for the House."
    *   "Senate races" refers to the electoral competitions for seats in the U.S. Senate.
    *   This is a competition for an office, not a contest of speed, genetic stock, biological subspecies, airflow, or a water canal.

    *   Sense 1: "any competition" (Example: "the race for the presidency"). This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "a contest of speed". Not applicable.
    *   Sense 3: "people who are believed to belong to the same genetic stock". Not applicable.
    *   Sense 4: "(biology) a taxonomic group". Not applicable.
    *   Sense 5: "the flow of air". Not applicable.
    *   Sense 6: "a canal for a current of water". Not applicable.

    *   The best sense is Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: campaign
Target surface form: campaigns
Context:
Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in <t>campaigns</t> for the House. Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national policy making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=campaign%1:11:00:: | definition=a race between candidates for elective office | synonyms=political campaign, run | examples=I managed his campaign for governor; he is raising money for a Senate run
2. sense_key=campaign%1:04:02:: | definition=a series of actions advancing a principle or tending toward a particular end | synonyms=cause, crusade, drive, movement, effort | examples=he supported populist campaigns; they worked in the cause of world peace
3. sense_key=campaign%1:04:00:: | definition=several related operations aimed at achieving a particular goal (usually within geographical and temporal constraints) | synonyms=military campaign
4. sense_key=campaign%1:04:01:: | definition=an overland journey by hunters (especially in Africa) | synonyms=hunting expedition, safari

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `campaign`
    *   Target surface form: `campaigns`
    *   Context: "...the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in <t>campaigns</t> for the House."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `campaign%1:11:00::`: a race between candidates for elective office (synonyms: political campaign, run).
        2.  `campaign%1:04:02::`: a series of actions advancing a principle or tending toward a particular end (synonyms: cause, crusade, drive, movement, effort).
        3.  `campaign%1:04:00::`: several related operations aimed at achieving a particular goal (usually within geographical and temporal constraints) (synonyms: military campaign).
        4.  `campaign%1:04:01::`: an overland journey by hunters (especially in Africa) (synonyms: hunting expedition, safari).

    *   The sentence compares "Senate races" with "campaigns for the House".
    *   "Senate races" and "campaigns for the House" both refer to the process of running for elective office in the US Congress (Senate and House of Representatives).
    *   This fits perfectly with sense 1: "a race between candidates for elective office".

    *   Sense 1: Political race (Perfect fit).
    *   Sense 2: General cause/movement (Too broad).
    *   Sense 3: Military operations (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 4: Hunting expedition (Incorrect).

    *   The best sense is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: local
Target surface form: local
Context:
Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House. Since <t>local</t> benefit - seeking matters more and national policy making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts. Is there any empirical support for this theory?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=local%3:00:01:: | definition=relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area | examples=local taxes; local authorities
2. sense_key=local%3:01:01:: | definition=of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood | examples=local customs; local schools
3. sense_key=local%3:00:02:: | definition=affecting only a restricted part or area of the body | examples=local anesthesia

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `local`
    *   Target surface form: `local`
    *   Context: "...relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies... Since <t>local</t> benefit - seeking matters more and national policy making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `local%3:00:01::`: relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area (e.g., local taxes, local authorities).
        2.  `local%3:01:01::`: of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood (e.g., local customs, local schools).
        3.  `local%3:00:02::`: affecting only a restricted part or area of the body (e.g., local anesthesia).

    *   The text discusses congressional candidates, the House of Representatives (lower chamber), and "local benefits for their respective constituencies."
    *   It contrasts "local benefit-seeking" with "national policy making."
    *   In the context of US politics and congressional districts, "local benefits" (often called pork-barrel spending) refer to funds or projects brought back to a specific district or state by its representative.
    *   This relates to the administration/governance/allocation of resources to a specific district rather than the nation as a whole.

    *   Sense 1: "relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area." This fits perfectly with the context of congressional districts and the contrast with national policy.
    *   Sense 2: "of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood." This is more about culture, customs, or physical proximity (e.g., "the local bakery"). While "local" in "local benefits" refers to a locality, the context is specifically about political administration and resource allocation (benefits for constituencies).
    *   Sense 3: "affecting only a restricted part or area of the body." Completely irrelevant.

    *   Sense 1 specifically mentions "administration of a... district rather than a larger area."
    *   The context is about congressional representatives seeking benefits for their districts (local) versus national policy (larger area).
    *   Sense 1 is the most precise fit for political/administrative "local."


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: national
Target surface form: national
Context:
Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House. Since local benefit - seeking matters more and <t>national</t> policy making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts. Is there any empirical support for this theory?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=national%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country | examples=national hero; national anthem
2. sense_key=national%3:00:00:: | definition=limited to or in the interests of a particular nation | examples=national interests; isolationism is a strictly national policy
3. sense_key=national%3:00:01:: | definition=concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country | examples=the national government; national elections
4. sense_key=national%5:00:00:public:00 | definition=owned or maintained for the public by the national government | examples=national parks
5. sense_key=national%5:00:00:domestic:00 | definition=inside the country | synonyms=home, interior, internal | examples=the British Home Office has broader responsibilities than the United States Department of the Interior; the nation's internal politics
6. sense_key=national%3:01:02:: | definition=characteristic of or peculiar to the people of a nation | examples=a national trait
7. sense_key=national%3:01:01:: | definition=of or relating to nationality | examples=national origin

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `national`
    *   Target surface form: `national`
    *   Context: "...Since local benefit - seeking matters more and <t>national</t> policy making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress..."
    *   Key phrase: "national policy making"

    *   Sense 1: `of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country` (General)
    *   Sense 2: `limited to or in the interests of a particular nation` (Focus on interests/isolationism)
    *   Sense 3: `concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country` (Focus on scope: entire nation, e.g., national government, national elections)
    *   Sense 4: `owned or maintained for the public by the national government` (Focus on ownership: national parks)
    *   Sense 5: `inside the country` (Synonyms: home, interior, internal)
    *   Sense 6: `characteristic of or peculiar to the people of a nation` (Focus on traits)
    *   Sense 7: `of or relating to nationality` (Focus on origin)

    *   The context contrasts "local benefit-seeking" with "national policy making".
    *   "Local" refers to a specific, small area (constituency).
    *   "National" here refers to the scope of the policy making—policies that affect the *entire* nation, as opposed to just a local district.
    *   Sense 3 ("concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country") fits perfectly because it emphasizes the scope (entire nation) in contrast to the local scope.

    *   Sense 1 is too general.
    *   Sense 2 is about interests/isolationism.
    *   Sense 4 is about ownership.
    *   Sense 5 is about "domestic" vs "international".
    *   Sense 6 is about cultural traits.
    *   Sense 7 is about nationality.

    *   Sense 3 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: policy
Target surface form: policy
Context:
Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House. Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national <t>policy</t> making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts. Is there any empirical support for this theory?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=policy%1:09:00:: | definition=a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group | examples=it was a policy of retribution; a politician keeps changing his policies
2. sense_key=policy%1:10:00:: | definition=a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government | examples=they debated the policy or impolicy of the proposed legislation
3. sense_key=policy%1:10:02:: | definition=written contract or certificate of insurance | synonyms=insurance policy, insurance | examples=you should have read the small print on your policy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `policy`
    *   Target surface form: `policy`
    *   Context: "...Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national <t>policy</t> making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `policy%1:09:00::`: a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group.
        2.  `policy%1:10:00::`: a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government.
        3.  `policy%1:10:02::`: written contract or certificate of insurance.

    *   The context discusses "national policy making" in the context of the lower chamber of Congress (the House of Representatives).
    *   It contrasts "local benefit-seeking" with "national policy making."
    *   This refers to the creation of laws, regulations, and general plans of action for the country.

    *   Sense 3 (insurance) is completely irrelevant.
    *   Sense 2 (line of argument rationalizing the course of action) is too narrow; "policy making" isn't just about the *argument* for the action, but the action/plan itself.
    *   Sense 1 (a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group) fits best. A government is a social group, and "national policy" refers to the plans of action adopted by the government.

    *   "National policy making" = the process of creating plans of action for the nation.
    *   Sense 1: "a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group". This is the standard meaning of "policy" in a political context (e.g., foreign policy, economic policy).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: making
Target surface form: making
Context:
Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House. Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national policy <t>making</t> matters less in the lower chamber of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts. Is there any empirical support for this theory?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=making%1:04:00:: | definition=the act that results in something coming to be | synonyms=devising, fashioning | examples=the devising of plans; the fashioning of pots and pans
2. sense_key=making%1:07:00:: | definition=an attribute that must be met or complied with and that fits a person for something | synonyms=qualification | examples=her qualifications for the job are excellent; one of the qualifications for admission is an academic degree
3. sense_key=making%1:06:00:: | definition=(usually plural) the components needed for making or doing something | examples=the recipe listed all the makings for a chocolate cake

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `making`
    *   Target surface form: `making`
    *   Context: "...Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national policy <t>making</t> matters less in the lower chamber of Congress..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `making%1:04:00::`: the act that results in something coming to be (synonyms: devising, fashioning).
        2.  `making%1:07:00::`: an attribute that must be met or complied with (synonym: qualification).
        3.  `making%1:06:00::`: (usually plural) the components needed for making or doing something.

    *   The phrase is "national policy making".
    *   "Policy making" refers to the process of creating, devising, or establishing policies.
    *   This fits the definition of "the act that results in something coming to be" (sense 1).
    *   It does not fit "qualification" (sense 2).
    *   It does not fit "components needed" (sense 3).

    *   Sense 1: "the act that results in something coming to be" / "devising". "Policy making" is the act of devising policy. This is a perfect fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: chamber
Target surface form: chamber
Context:
Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House. Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national policy making matters less in the lower <t>chamber</t> of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts. Is there any empirical support for this theory?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=chamber%1:06:00:: | definition=a natural or artificial enclosed space
2. sense_key=chamber%1:08:00:: | definition=an enclosed volume in the body | examples=the chambers of his heart were healthy
3. sense_key=chamber%1:06:02:: | definition=a room where a judge transacts business
4. sense_key=chamber%1:14:00:: | definition=a deliberative or legislative or administrative or judicial assembly | examples=the upper chamber is the senate
5. sense_key=chamber%1:06:01:: | definition=a room used primarily for sleeping | synonyms=bedroom, sleeping room, sleeping accommodation, bedchamber

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "chamber"
    *   Target surface form: "chamber"
    *   Context: "...the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House. Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national policy making matters less in the lower <t>chamber</t> of Congress..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `chamber%1:06:00::`: a natural or artificial enclosed space
        2.  `chamber%1:08:00::`: an enclosed volume in the body
        3.  `chamber%1:06:02::`: a room where a judge transacts business
        4.  `chamber%1:14:00::`: a deliberative or legislative or administrative or judicial assembly (Example: "the upper chamber is the senate")
        5.  `chamber%1:06:01::`: a room used primarily for sleeping

    *   The context mentions "Senate races", "campaigns for the House", and "the lower chamber of Congress".
    *   In the US government, the "lower chamber" refers to the House of Representatives, and the "upper chamber" refers to the Senate.
    *   This clearly refers to a legislative assembly.

    *   Sense 1: General enclosed space (too broad).
    *   Sense 2: Body part (incorrect).
    *   Sense 3: Judge's room (incorrect).
    *   Sense 4: Deliberative or legislative assembly (matches perfectly; example explicitly mentions the senate).
    *   Sense 5: Bedroom (incorrect).

    *   The best sense is sense 4.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: expect
Target surface form: expect
Context:
Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House. Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national policy making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would <t>expect</t> if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts. Is there any empirical support for this theory?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=expect%2:31:00:: | definition=regard something as probable or likely | synonyms=anticipate | examples=The meteorologists are expecting rain for tomorrow
2. sense_key=expect%2:32:00:: | definition=consider obligatory; request and expect | synonyms=ask, require | examples=We require our secretary to be on time; Aren't we asking too much of these children?
3. sense_key=expect%2:31:01:: | definition=look forward to the probable occurrence of | synonyms=look, await, wait | examples=We were expecting a visit from our relatives; She is looking to a promotion
4. sense_key=expect%2:31:05:: | definition=consider reasonable or due | examples=I'm expecting a full explanation as to why these files were destroyed
5. sense_key=expect%2:29:02:: | definition=look forward to the birth of a child | examples=She is expecting in March
6. sense_key=expect%2:29:00:: | definition=be pregnant with | synonyms=have a bun in the oven, bear, carry, gestate | examples=She is bearing his child; The are expecting another child in January

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `expect`
    *   Target surface form: `expect`
    *   Context: "...this is precisely the pattern one would <t>expect</t> if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts."

    *   Sense 1: `regard something as probable or likely` (Synonym: anticipate). Example: "meteorologists are expecting rain".
    *   Sense 2: `consider obligatory; request and expect` (Synonyms: ask, require). Example: "require our secretary to be on time".
    *   Sense 3: `look forward to the probable occurrence of` (Synonyms: look, await, wait). Example: "expecting a visit from our relatives".
    *   Sense 4: `consider reasonable or due`. Example: "expecting a full explanation".
    *   Sense 5: `look forward to the birth of a child`.
    *   Sense 6: `be pregnant with`.

    *   The sentence says: "...this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit - seeking..."
    *   In this context, "expect" means that based on the theory/logic provided, this specific pattern is the *probable* or *likely* outcome.
    *   It's a logical prediction.

    *   Sense 1: "regard something as probable or likely". This fits perfectly. The speaker is saying that given the premises, this pattern is the likely result.
    *   Sense 3: "look forward to the probable occurrence of". This usually implies a temporal waiting or anticipation of a specific event (like a visit or a promotion). The context here is a logical expectation, not a temporal one.
    *   Sense 2, 4, 5, 6: Clearly incorrect.

    *   Sense 1 is about probability/likelihood (logical prediction).
    *   Sense 3 is about anticipation/waiting for an event.
    *   The phrase "the pattern one would expect" is a classic usage of Sense 1 (predicting a result based on a theory).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: republican
Target surface form: Republicans
Context:
Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House. Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national policy making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would expect if <t>Republicans</t> are less willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts. Is there any empirical support for this theory?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=republican%1:18:01:: | definition=a member of the Republican Party
2. sense_key=republican%1:18:00:: | definition=an advocate of a republic (usually in opposition to a monarchy)
3. sense_key=republican%1:17:00:: | definition=a tributary of the Kansas River that flows from eastern Colorado eastward through Nebraska and Kansas | synonyms=Republican River

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `republican`
    *   Target surface form: `Republicans`
    *   Context: The text discusses congressional salary, Democratic opponents, the Republican Party, ticket splitting in the South, Senate races, and House campaigns. Specifically, the target sentence is: "...this is precisely the pattern one would expect if <t>Republicans</t> are less willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts."

    *   Sense 1: `republican%1:18:01::` | definition: a member of the Republican Party.
    *   Sense 2: `republican%1:18:00::` | definition: an advocate of a republic (usually in opposition to a monarchy).
    *   Sense 3: `republican%1:17:00::` | definition: a tributary of the Kansas River... (Republican River).

    *   The context explicitly mentions "the Republican Party" and compares "Republicans" to "their Democratic counterparts" in the context of US congressional elections (Senate and House).
    *   This clearly refers to members of the Republican Party (Sense 1), not advocates of a republic in general (Sense 2) or a river (Sense 3).

    *   Sense 1 is the correct match.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: willing
Target surface form: willing
Context:
Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House. Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national policy making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less <t>willing</t> to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts. Is there any empirical support for this theory?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=willing%3:00:00:: | definition=disposed or inclined toward | examples=a willing participant; willing helpers
2. sense_key=willing%5:00:00:voluntary:01 | definition=not brought about by coercion or force | synonyms=uncoerced, unforced | examples=the confession was uncoerced

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "willing"
    *   Target surface form: "willing"
    *   Context: "...this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less <t>willing</t> to engage in local benefit-seeking than their Democratic counterparts."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `willing%3:00:00::`: disposed or inclined toward (e.g., a willing participant).
        2.  `willing%5:00:00:voluntary:01`: not brought about by coercion or force (e.g., the confession was uncoerced).

    *   The sentence discusses whether Republicans are "less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking."
    *   This refers to their inclination, disposition, or readiness to perform a certain action (local benefit-seeking).
    *   It is not talking about whether the action was coerced or voluntary in a legal or forced sense (which is what sense 2 describes).

    *   Sense 1: "disposed or inclined toward" fits perfectly. Republicans are less *inclined* to engage in local benefit-seeking.
    *   Sense 2: "not brought about by coercion or force" does not fit. The context isn't about whether they were forced to engage in benefit-seeking, but whether they *want* to or are *disposed* to do so.

    *   Sense 1 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: engage
Target surface form: engage
Context:
Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House. Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national policy making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to <t>engage</t> in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts. Is there any empirical support for this theory?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=engage%2:41:06:: | definition=carry out or participate in an activity; be involved in | synonyms=prosecute, pursue | examples=She pursued many activities; They engaged in a discussion
2. sense_key=engage%2:31:00:: | definition=consume all of one's attention or time | synonyms=absorb, engross, occupy | examples=Her interest in butterflies absorbs her completely
3. sense_key=engage%2:41:01:: | definition=engage or hire for work | synonyms=hire, employ | examples=They hired two new secretaries in the department; How many people has she employed?
4. sense_key=engage%2:41:00:: | definition=ask to represent; of legal counsel | examples=I'm retaining a lawyer
5. sense_key=engage%2:32:00:: | definition=give to in marriage | synonyms=betroth, affiance, plight
6. sense_key=engage%2:30:00:: | definition=get caught | examples=make sure the gear is engaged
7. sense_key=engage%2:41:12:: | definition=carry on (wars, battles, or campaigns) | synonyms=wage | examples=Napoleon and Hitler waged war against all of Europe
8. sense_key=engage%2:40:01:: | definition=hire for work or assistance | synonyms=enlist | examples=engage aid, help, services, or support
9. sense_key=engage%2:40:00:: | definition=engage for service under a term of contract | synonyms=lease, rent, hire, charter, take | examples=We took an apartment on a quiet street; Let's rent a car
10. sense_key=engage%2:35:00:: | definition=keep engaged | synonyms=mesh, lock, operate | examples=engaged the gears

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `engage`
    *   Target surface form: `engage`
    *   Context: "...this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to <t>engage</t> in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts."

    *   The sentence discusses political behavior: "Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking".
    *   "Local benefit-seeking" is an activity (specifically, pork-barrel politics or securing funds for one's district).
    *   "Engage in [activity]" means to participate in or carry out that activity.

    *   Sense 1: `carry out or participate in an activity; be involved in` (Synonyms: prosecute, pursue; Example: "They engaged in a discussion"). -> This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: `consume all of one's attention or time` (Synonyms: absorb, engross, occupy). -> Does not fit.
    *   Sense 3: `engage or hire for work` (Synonyms: hire, employ). -> Does not fit.
    *   Sense 4: `ask to represent; of legal counsel`. -> Does not fit.
    *   Sense 5: `give to in marriage`. -> Does not fit.
    *   Sense 6: `get caught` (e.g., gears). -> Does not fit.
    *   Sense 7: `carry on (wars, battles, or campaigns)` (Synonyms: wage). -> While "campaigns" are mentioned in the text, "local benefit-seeking" is an activity/behavior, not a war or a military campaign. Sense 1 is more general and accurate for "participating in an activity".
    *   Sense 8: `hire for work or assistance`. -> Does not fit.
    *   Sense 9: `engage for service under a term of contract`. -> Does not fit.
    *   Sense 10: `keep engaged` (gears). -> Does not fit.

    *   The phrase "engage in local benefit-seeking" clearly maps to "participate in an activity".
    *   Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: local
Target surface form: local
Context:
Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House. Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national policy making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to engage in <t>local</t> benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts. Is there any empirical support for this theory?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=local%3:00:01:: | definition=relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area | examples=local taxes; local authorities
2. sense_key=local%3:01:01:: | definition=of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood | examples=local customs; local schools
3. sense_key=local%3:00:02:: | definition=affecting only a restricted part or area of the body | examples=local anesthesia

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `local`
    *   Target surface form: `local`
    *   Context: "...Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national policy making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to engage in <t>local</t> benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `local%3:00:01::`: relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area (e.g., local taxes; local authorities).
        2.  `local%3:01:01::`: of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood (e.g., local customs; local schools).
        3.  `local%3:00:02::`: affecting only a restricted part or area of the body (e.g., local anesthesia).

    *   The text discusses congressional candidates, the House of Representatives (lower chamber), and "local benefit-seeking" versus "national policy making."
    *   "Local benefit-seeking" in the context of members of Congress refers to "pork barrel" politics—securing funds or projects for their specific district or state (the administration of a district rather than the nation).

    *   Sense 3 (medical) is completely irrelevant.
    *   Sense 2 (characteristic of a locality/neighborhood) refers more to culture, customs, or specific institutions (like schools).
    *   Sense 1 (administration of a city, town, or district rather than a larger area) fits perfectly. Congressional districts are "districts," and "local benefit-seeking" refers to the administration/allocation of resources to those specific districts rather than the national level.

    *   The context contrasts "local benefit-seeking" with "national policy making."
    *   Sense 1 specifically mentions "administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area." This aligns with the contrast between district-level benefits and national-level policy.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: democratic
Target surface form: Democratic
Context:
Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House. Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national policy making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their <t>Democratic</t> counterparts. Is there any empirical support for this theory?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=democratic%3:00:00:: | definition=characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality; ; ; - George du Maurier | examples=democratic government; a democratic country
2. sense_key=democratic%3:01:00:: | definition=belong to or relating to the Democratic Party | examples=Democratic senator
3. sense_key=democratic%5:00:00:common:01 | definition=representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large | synonyms=popular | examples=democratic art forms; a democratic or popular movement

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `democratic`
    *   Target surface form: `Democratic`
    *   Context: The text discusses congressional candidates, the Republican Party, Democratic legislators, and the House/Senate. Specifically, the target word appears in: "...if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than their <t>Democratic</t> counterparts."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `democratic%3:00:00::`: characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality.
        2.  `democratic%3:01:00::`: belong to or relating to the Democratic Party.
        3.  `democratic%5:00:00:common:01`: representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large.

    *   The context explicitly mentions "Republican candidates", "Republican Party", and "Democratic legislators".
    *   The sentence "if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than their Democratic counterparts" clearly contrasts Republicans with members of the Democratic Party.
    *   This is a political context referring to specific US political parties.

    *   Sense 1: General principles of democracy (not the case here).
    *   Sense 2: Relating to the Democratic Party (matches perfectly).
    *   Sense 3: Popular/for the people (not the case here).

    *   The target word "Democratic" refers to the Democratic Party.
    *   Sense index 2 corresponds to `democratic%3:01:00::`.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: counterpart
Target surface form: counterparts
Context:
Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House. Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national policy making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic <t>counterparts</t>. Is there any empirical support for this theory?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=counterpart%1:09:00:: | definition=a person or thing having the same function or characteristics as another | synonyms=opposite number, vis-a-vis
2. sense_key=counterpart%1:06:00:: | definition=a duplicate copy | synonyms=similitude, twin

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `counterpart`
    *   Target surface form: `counterparts`
    *   Context: "...this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than their Democratic counterparts."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `counterpart%1:09:00::`: a person or thing having the same function or characteristics as another (synonyms: opposite number, vis-a-vis).
        2.  `counterpart%1:06:00::`: a duplicate copy (synonyms: similitude, twin).

    *   The sentence compares "Republicans" (specifically those in Congress/running for Congress) with "their Democratic counterparts".
    *   In this context, "Democratic counterparts" refers to the Democratic members of Congress who hold the same function/role as the Republican members of Congress.
    *   It does *not* refer to a duplicate copy or a twin.

    *   Sense 1: "a person or thing having the same function or characteristics as another". This fits perfectly. The Democratic members of Congress have the same function (legislating) as the Republican members.
    *   Sense 2: "a duplicate copy". This does not fit.

    *   The best sense is index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: empirical
Target surface form: empirical
Context:
To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House. Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national policy making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts. Is there any <t>empirical</t> support for this theory? Three pieces of evidence corroborate the key assumption that Democratic legislators are more willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Republican colleagues.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=empirical%3:00:00:: | definition=derived from experiment and observation rather than theory | synonyms=empiric | examples=an empirical basis for an ethical theory; empirical laws
2. sense_key=empirical%3:01:00:: | definition=relying on medical quackery | synonyms=empiric | examples=empiric treatment

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `empirical`
    *   Target surface form: `empirical`
    *   Context: "Is there any <t>empirical</t> support for this theory? Three pieces of evidence corroborate the key assumption..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `empirical%3:00:00::`: derived from experiment and observation rather than theory.
        2.  `empirical%3:01:00::`: relying on medical quackery.

    *   The text discusses a political theory regarding Republican and Democratic candidates, ticket splitting, and local benefit-seeking.
    *   The sentence "Is there any empirical support for this theory?" asks if there is evidence based on observation or data to back up the theoretical claims.
    *   The following sentence mentions "Three pieces of evidence corroborate...", which confirms that "empirical" refers to evidence/observation.

    *   Sense 1: "derived from experiment and observation rather than theory" - This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "relying on medical quackery" - This is completely irrelevant to political science and theory.

    *   The correct sense is Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: support
Target surface form: support
Context:
To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House. Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national policy making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts. Is there any empirical <t>support</t> for this theory? Three pieces of evidence corroborate the key assumption that Democratic legislators are more willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Republican colleagues.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=support%1:04:04:: | definition=the activity of providing for or maintaining by supplying with money or necessities | examples=his support kept the family together; they gave him emotional support during difficult times
2. sense_key=support%1:04:00:: | definition=aiding the cause or policy or interests of | examples=the president no longer has the support of his own party; they developed a scheme of mutual support
3. sense_key=support%1:09:00:: | definition=something providing immaterial assistance to a person or cause or interest | examples=the policy found little public support; his faith was all the support he needed
4. sense_key=support%1:04:03:: | definition=a military operation (often involving new supplies of men and materiel) to strengthen a military force or aid in the performance of its mission | synonyms=reinforcement, reenforcement | examples=they called for artillery support
5. sense_key=support%1:04:02:: | definition=documentary validation | synonyms=documentation | examples=his documentation of the results was excellent; the strongest support for this view is the work of Jones
6. sense_key=support%1:21:00:: | definition=the financial means whereby one lives | synonyms=keep, livelihood, living, bread and butter, sustenance | examples=each child was expected to pay for their keep; he applied to the state for support
7. sense_key=support%1:06:01:: | definition=supporting structure that holds up or provides a foundation | examples=the statue stood on a marble support
8. sense_key=support%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of bearing the weight of or strengthening | synonyms=supporting | examples=he leaned against the wall for support
9. sense_key=support%1:10:01:: | definition=a musical part (vocal or instrumental) that supports or provides background for other musical parts | synonyms=accompaniment, musical accompaniment, backup
10. sense_key=support%1:06:00:: | definition=any device that bears the weight of another thing | examples=there was no place to attach supports for a shelf
11. sense_key=support%1:21:01:: | definition=financial resources provided to make some project possible | synonyms=financial support, funding, backing, financial backing | examples=the foundation provided support for the experiment

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `support`
    *   Target surface form: `support`
    *   Context: "Is there any empirical <t>support</t> for this theory? Three pieces of evidence corroborate the key assumption..."
    *   Key phrase: "empirical support for this theory"

    *   Sense 1: Providing for/maintaining by supplying money or necessities (financial/emotional).
    *   Sense 2: Aiding the cause or policy or interests of (political/social support).
    *   Sense 3: Something providing immaterial assistance to a person or cause or interest (e.g., public support).
    *   Sense 4: Military operation (reinforcements).
    *   Sense 5: Documentary validation (synonyms: documentation; example: "the strongest support for this view is the work of Jones").
    *   Sense 6: Financial means whereby one lives (livelihood).
    *   Sense 7: Supporting structure (physical foundation).
    *   Sense 8: Act of bearing weight (physical).
    *   Sense 9: Musical accompaniment.
    *   Sense 10: Device that bears weight (physical).
    *   Sense 11: Financial resources for a project (funding).

    *   The context asks if there is "empirical support for this theory."
    *   The following sentence says "Three pieces of evidence corroborate the key assumption..."
    *   "Empirical support" in the context of a theory refers to evidence, data, or documentation that validates the theory.
    *   Sense 5 specifically mentions "documentary validation" and gives the example "the strongest support for this view is the work of Jones." This aligns perfectly with "empirical support for this theory."

    *   Sense 2 (aiding a cause) is more about people supporting a policy.
    *   Sense 3 (immaterial assistance) is similar to Sense 2 (e.g., public support).
    *   Sense 5 (documentary validation/evidence) is the precise meaning for "empirical support" in a scientific or theoretical context.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: piece
Target surface form: pieces
Context:
Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House. Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national policy making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts. Is there any empirical support for this theory? Three <t>pieces</t> of evidence corroborate the key assumption that Democratic legislators are more willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Republican colleagues. First, economists James Bennett and Thomas DiLorenzo find that GOP senators turn back roughly 10% more of their allocated personal staff budgets than Democrats do.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=piece%1:06:00:: | definition=a separate part of a whole | examples=an important piece of the evidence
2. sense_key=piece%1:06:05:: | definition=an item that is an instance of some type | examples=he designed a new piece of equipment; she bought a lovely piece of china
3. sense_key=piece%1:17:00:: | definition=a portion of a natural object | synonyms=part | examples=they analyzed the river into three parts; he needed a piece of granite
4. sense_key=piece%1:10:01:: | definition=a musical work that has been created | synonyms=musical composition, opus, composition, piece of music | examples=the composition is written in four movements
5. sense_key=piece%1:11:00:: | definition=an instance of some kind | synonyms=bit | examples=it was a nice piece of work; he had a bit of good luck
6. sense_key=piece%1:10:02:: | definition=an artistic or literary composition | examples=he wrote an interesting piece on Iran; the children acted out a comic piece to amuse the guests
7. sense_key=piece%1:06:03:: | definition=a portable gun | synonyms=firearm, small-arm | examples=he wore his firearm in a shoulder holster
8. sense_key=piece%1:13:00:: | definition=a serving that has been cut from a larger portion | synonyms=slice | examples=a piece of pie; a slice of bread
9. sense_key=piece%1:07:00:: | definition=a distance | examples=it is down the road a piece
10. sense_key=piece%1:06:04:: | definition=a work of art of some artistic value | synonyms=objet d'art, art object | examples=this store sells only objets d'art; it is not known who created this piece
11. sense_key=piece%1:28:00:: | definition=a period of indeterminate length (usually short) marked by some action or condition | synonyms=while, spell, patch | examples=he was here for a little while; I need to rest for a piece
12. sense_key=piece%1:21:00:: | definition=a share of something | synonyms=slice | examples=a slice of the company's revenue
13. sense_key=piece%1:06:02:: | definition=game equipment consisting of an object used in playing certain board games | synonyms=man | examples=he taught me to set up the men on the chess board; he sacrificed a piece to get a strategic advantage

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `piece`
    *   Target surface form: `pieces`
    *   Context: "Three <t>pieces</t> of evidence corroborate the key assumption..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `piece%1:06:00::`: a separate part of a whole (Example: "an important piece of the evidence")
        2.  `piece%1:06:05::`: an item that is an instance of some type (Example: "a new piece of equipment")
        3.  `piece%1:17:00::`: a portion of a natural object (Example: "a piece of granite")
        4.  `piece%1:10:01::`: a musical work
        5.  `piece%1:11:00::`: an instance of some kind (Example: "a nice piece of work")
        6.  `piece%1:10:02::`: an artistic or literary composition
        7.  `piece%1:06:03::`: a portable gun
        8.  `piece%1:13:00::`: a serving that has been cut from a larger portion (Example: "a piece of pie")
        9.  `piece%1:07:00::`: a distance
        10. `piece%1:06:04::`: a work of art
        11. `piece%1:28:00::`: a period of indeterminate length
        12. `piece%1:21:00::`: a share of something
        13. `piece%1:06:02::`: game equipment (chess piece)

    *   The phrase is "Three pieces of evidence".
    *   "Evidence" is an uncountable noun. "Piece" is used here as a quantifier/counter to indicate individual items or parts of the total evidence.
    *   Looking at the candidate senses:
        *   Sense 1: "a separate part of a whole" (Example: "an important piece of the evidence"). This matches perfectly.
        *   Sense 2: "an item that is an instance of some type" (Example: "piece of equipment"). This is similar, but Sense 1 specifically mentions "evidence" in its example.
        *   Sense 5: "an instance of some kind" (Example: "piece of work"). Also similar, but Sense 1 is more precise for "evidence".

    *   Sense 1: `piece%1:06:00::` | definition=a separate part of a whole | examples=an important piece of the evidence.
    *   The context "Three pieces of evidence" aligns exactly with the example provided in Sense 1.

    *   Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: evidence
Target surface form: evidence
Context:
Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House. Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national policy making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts. Is there any empirical support for this theory? Three pieces of <t>evidence</t> corroborate the key assumption that Democratic legislators are more willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Republican colleagues. First, economists James Bennett and Thomas DiLorenzo find that GOP senators turn back roughly 10% more of their allocated personal staff budgets than Democrats do.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=evidence%1:09:00:: | definition=your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief | synonyms=grounds | examples=the evidence that smoking causes lung cancer is very compelling
2. sense_key=evidence%1:10:01:: | definition=an indication that makes something evident | examples=his trembling was evidence of his fear
3. sense_key=evidence%1:10:00:: | definition=(law) all the means by which any alleged matter of fact whose truth is investigated at judicial trial is established or disproved

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `evidence`
    *   Target surface form: `evidence`
    *   Context: "Is there any empirical support for this theory? Three pieces of <t>evidence</t> corroborate the key assumption that Democratic legislators are more willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Republican colleagues."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `evidence%1:09:00::`: basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief (synonym: grounds).
        2.  `evidence%1:10:01::`: an indication that makes something evident.
        3.  `evidence%1:10:00::`: (law) means by which any alleged matter of fact... is established or disproved at judicial trial.

    *   The text is discussing a political theory about ticket splitting and local benefit-seeking.
    *   The author asks if there is "empirical support" for the theory.
    *   The author then mentions "Three pieces of evidence" that "corroborate the key assumption".
    *   The evidence provided is a finding by economists (James Bennett and Thomas DiLorenzo).

    *   Sense 3 (Law): This is clearly not a legal trial. Eliminate.
    *   Sense 2 (Indication): "An indication that makes something evident" (e.g., trembling is evidence of fear). This is often a sign or a symptom.
    *   Sense 1 (Basis for belief): "Your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief" (synonym: grounds). This fits "empirical support" and "corroborate the key assumption" perfectly. The findings of the economists serve as the knowledge/grounds for believing the theory.

    *   Sense 1 is about the *grounds* or *basis* for a belief/theory (empirical evidence).
    *   Sense 2 is more about a *sign* or *manifestation* (trembling -> fear).
    *   The context "empirical support" and "corroborate the key assumption" strongly aligns with Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: assumption
Target surface form: assumption
Context:
Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House. Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national policy making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts. Is there any empirical support for this theory? Three pieces of evidence corroborate the key <t>assumption</t> that Democratic legislators are more willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Republican colleagues. First, economists James Bennett and Thomas DiLorenzo find that GOP senators turn back roughly 10% more of their allocated personal staff budgets than Democrats do.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=assumption%1:10:00:: | definition=a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn | synonyms=premise, premiss | examples=on the assumption that he has been injured we can infer that he will not to play
2. sense_key=assumption%1:09:00:: | definition=a hypothesis that is taken for granted | synonyms=supposition, supposal | examples=any society is built upon certain assumptions
3. sense_key=assumption%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of taking possession of or power over something | synonyms=laying claim | examples=his assumption of office coincided with the trouble in Cuba; the Nazi assumption of power in 1934
4. sense_key=assumption%1:28:00:: | definition=celebration in the Roman Catholic Church of the Virgin Mary's being taken up into heaven when her earthly life ended; corresponds to the Dormition in the Eastern Orthodox Church | synonyms=Assumption of Mary, August 15
5. sense_key=assumption%1:11:00:: | definition=(Christianity) the taking up of the body and soul of the Virgin Mary when her earthly life had ended
6. sense_key=assumption%1:07:00:: | definition=audacious (even arrogant) behavior that you have no right to | synonyms=presumption, presumptuousness, effrontery | examples=he despised them for their presumptuousness
7. sense_key=assumption%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of assuming or taking for granted | examples=your assumption that I would agree was unwarranted

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `assumption`
    *   Context: "Three pieces of evidence corroborate the key <t>assumption</t> that Democratic legislators are more willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Republican colleagues."
    *   Meaning: The text refers to a core premise or hypothesis that the theory is based on, which is then tested or supported by evidence.

    *   Sense 1: "a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn" (synonyms: premise, premiss).
    *   Sense 2: "a hypothesis that is taken for granted" (synonyms: supposition, supposal).
    *   Sense 3: "the act of taking possession of or power over something" (synonyms: laying claim).
    *   Sense 4: "celebration in the Roman Catholic Church..."
    *   Sense 5: "(Christianity) the taking up of the body and soul of the Virgin Mary..."
    *   Sense 6: "audacious (even arrogant) behavior..." (synonyms: presumption).
    *   Sense 7: "the act of assuming or taking for granted".

    *   The context says "corroborate the key assumption that...".
    *   This "assumption" is a specific claim ("Democratic legislators are more willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than their Republican colleagues") upon which the theory is built.
    *   Sense 1 (premise/statement assumed true to draw a conclusion) and Sense 2 (hypothesis taken for granted) are very close.
    *   Sense 7 is the *act* of assuming.
    *   Looking at the context: "Three pieces of evidence corroborate the key assumption that...". The "assumption" here is the *content* of the belief/premise, not the *act* of assuming it.
    *   Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 2:
        *   Sense 1: "a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn" (premise).
        *   Sense 2: "a hypothesis that is taken for granted" (supposition).
    *   In academic/theoretical writing, a "key assumption" is typically a premise (Sense 1) that forms the basis of the argument/theory. The text says "the theory suggests... Three pieces of evidence corroborate the key assumption...". This fits the definition of a premise (Sense 1) perfectly.

    *   Sense 1: premise, premiss.
    *   Sense 2: supposition, supposal.
    *   The "assumption" in the text is a foundational claim of the theory. "Premise" is a very strong fit for a theoretical foundation.

    *   Sense 1: "a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn"
    *   Context: "the key assumption that Democratic legislators are more willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Republican colleagues."
    *   This statement is the basis for the theory's conclusions about ticket splitting and Senate vs House races.

    *   Sense 1: Statement assumed true -> conclusion drawn. (Fits)
    *   Sense 2: Hypothesis taken for granted. (Fits, but Sense 1 is more precise for a theoretical premise).
    *   Sense 7: The act of assuming. (Does not fit; the text refers to the statement itself).

    *   Wait, let me re-read Sense 1 and Sense 2.
    *   Sense 1: "a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn"
    *   Sense 2: "a hypothesis that is taken for granted"
    *   In many WordNet versions, "premise" is the key for Sense 1. The context "corroborate the key assumption" suggests that this assumption is the foundation of the theory. This is exactly what a premise is.

    *   Sense 1: premise
    *   Sense 2: supposition
    *   The text is discussing a theoretical framework. "Key assumption" in this context is almost always a synonym for "key premise".

    *   Sense 1: "on the assumption that he has been injured we can infer that he will not to play" (If A, then B).
    *   Context: "the key assumption that [Democratic legislators are more willing...]". The theory's conclusions (ticket splitting, Senate vs House) are drawn from this assumption.

    *   Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: democratic
Target surface form: Democratic
Context:
Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House. Since local benefit - seeking matters more and national policy making matters less in the lower chamber of Congress, this is precisely the pattern one would expect if Republicans are less willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Democratic counterparts. Is there any empirical support for this theory? Three pieces of evidence corroborate the key assumption that <t>Democratic</t> legislators are more willing to engage in local benefit - seeking than their Republican colleagues. First, economists James Bennett and Thomas DiLorenzo find that GOP senators turn back roughly 10% more of their allocated personal staff budgets than Democrats do.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=democratic%3:00:00:: | definition=characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality; ; ; - George du Maurier | examples=democratic government; a democratic country
2. sense_key=democratic%3:01:00:: | definition=belong to or relating to the Democratic Party | examples=Democratic senator
3. sense_key=democratic%5:00:00:common:01 | definition=representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large | synonyms=popular | examples=democratic art forms; a democratic or popular movement

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `democratic`
    *   Target surface form: `Democratic`
    *   Context: The text discusses "Democratic legislators from the South," "Democratic counterparts," and "Democratic legislators" in contrast to "Republicans" and "GOP senators."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `democratic%3:00:00::`: characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality.
        2.  `democratic%3:01:00::`: belong to or relating to the Democratic Party.
        3.  `democratic%5:00:00:common:01`: representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large.

    *   The context explicitly mentions "Republicans," "GOP senators," and "Democratic legislators."
    *   The contrast is between the Democratic Party and the Republican Party in the US political system.
    *   The surface form "Democratic" is capitalized, which is a strong indicator of the proper noun referring to the political party.

    *   Sense 1: General principles of democracy (not the case here).
    *   Sense 2: Relating to the Democratic Party (matches perfectly).
    *   Sense 3: Popular/for the people (not the case here).

    *   The best sense is sense 2.