[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: commission
Target surface form: Commission
Context:
Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European <t>Commission</t> Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=commission%1:14:00:: | definition=a special group delegated to consider some matter;  - Milton Berle | synonyms=committee | examples=a committee is a group that keeps minutes and loses hours
2. sense_key=commission%1:21:00:: | definition=a fee for services rendered based on a percentage of an amount received or collected or agreed to be paid (as distinguished from a salary) | examples=he works on commission
3. sense_key=commission%1:04:02:: | definition=the act of granting authority to undertake certain functions | synonyms=commissioning
4. sense_key=commission%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being in good working order and ready for operation | examples=put the ships into commission; the motor was out of commission
5. sense_key=commission%1:14:01:: | definition=a group of representatives or delegates | synonyms=deputation, delegation, delegacy, mission
6. sense_key=commission%1:10:01:: | definition=a formal statement of a command or injunction to do something | synonyms=charge, direction | examples=the judge's charge to the jury
7. sense_key=commission%1:10:00:: | definition=an official document issued by a government and conferring on the recipient the rank of an officer in the armed forces | synonyms=military commission
8. sense_key=commission%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of committing a crime | synonyms=perpetration, committal
9. sense_key=commission%1:04:00:: | definition=a special assignment that is given to a person or group | synonyms=mission, charge | examples=a confidential mission to London; his charge was deliver a message

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `commission`
    *   Target surface form: `Commission`
    *   Context: "...together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs... Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were... Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission..."
    *   The context refers to the "European Commission," which is a governing body/executive branch of the European Union.

    *   Sense 1: `a special group delegated to consider some matter; synonyms=committee`
    *   Sense 2: `a fee for services rendered...` (Financial)
    *   Sense 3: `the act of granting authority...` (Action)
    *   Sense 4: `the state of being in good working order...` (Operational status)
    *   Sense 5: `a group of representatives or delegates; synonyms=deputation, delegation, delegacy, mission`
    *   Sense 6: `a formal statement of a command...` (Instruction)
    *   Sense 7: `an official document... conferring... rank of an officer...` (Military)
    *   Sense 8: `the act of committing a crime...` (Crime)
    *   Sense 9: `a special assignment...` (Task)

    *   The "European Commission" is a permanent administrative body/executive organ.
    *   Sense 1 describes a "special group delegated to consider some matter" (committee).
    *   Sense 5 describes a "group of representatives or delegates" (deputation, delegation).
    *   In the context of the European Commission, it is an official administrative body. While "committee" (Sense 1) is close, the European Commission is more of a permanent administrative body/executive organ than a temporary "special group delegated to consider some matter." However, looking at WordNet's typical categorization, "commission" as an organization/body often falls under Sense 1 or Sense 5.
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 1 vs Sense 5.
        *   Sense 1: "a special group delegated to consider some matter" (synonym: committee).
        *   Sense 5: "a group of representatives or delegates" (synonyms: deputation, delegation).
    *   The European Commission is a permanent executive body. In many WordNet versions, "commission" as a government agency or administrative body is mapped to the "committee" sense (Sense 1).
    *   Let's check if there's a better fit.
    *   Sense 1: "a special group delegated to consider some matter"
    *   Sense 5: "a group of representatives or delegates"
    *   Actually, the European Commission is a permanent body. Sense 1's "special group" might imply temporary, but "committee" is often used for permanent bodies too.
    *   Wait, let's look at the options again.
    *   Sense 1: `commission%1:14:00` (committee)
    *   Sense 5: `commission%1:14:01` (deputation, delegation)
    *   The European Commission is an administrative body. Between "committee" and "delegation," "committee" (Sense 1) is much closer to a governing body/agency.

    *   European Commission = Executive branch of the EU.
    *   Sense 1: "a special group delegated to consider some matter" (committee).
    *   Sense 5: "a group of representatives or delegates" (delegation).
    *   A "commission" in the sense of a government agency (like the Federal Communications Commission or the European Commission) is typically categorized as a committee or a board.

    *   Sense 1: `commission%1:14:00`
    *   Sense 5: `commission%1:14:01`
    *   Looking at the WordNet hierarchy, `commission` (14:00) is a `committee`, which is a `group`. `commission` (14:01) is a `deputation`, which is a `group`.
    *   The European Commission is an administrative body. "Committee" is the standard term for this type of organization in these types of disambiguation tasks when a more specific "agency" sense isn't available.

    *   Sense 1: `commission%1:14:00` (committee)
    *   Sense 5: `commission%1:14:01` (delegation)
    *   The European Commission is not a delegation (a group sent to represent someone else); it is the body itself. It is a committee/board/agency.

    *   Sense 1 is the best fit.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: high
Target surface form: high
Context:
Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a <t>high</t> degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=high%3:00:02:: | definition=greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount | examples=a high temperature; a high price
2. sense_key=high%3:00:01:: | definition=(literal meaning) being at or having a relatively great or specific elevation or upward extension (sometimes used in combinations like `knee-high') | examples=a high mountain; high ceilings
3. sense_key=high%5:00:00:superior:01 | definition=standing above others in quality or position | synonyms=eminent | examples=people in high places; the high priest
4. sense_key=high%3:00:03:: | definition=used of sounds and voices; high in pitch or frequency | synonyms=high-pitched
5. sense_key=high%5:00:00:elated:00 | definition=happy and excited and energetic | synonyms=in high spirits
6. sense_key=high%5:00:00:malodorous:00 | definition=(used of the smell of meat) smelling spoiled or tainted | synonyms=gamey, gamy
7. sense_key=high%5:00:00:intoxicated:00 | definition=slightly and pleasantly intoxicated from alcohol or a drug (especially marijuana) | synonyms=mellow

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "high"
    *   Target surface form: "high"
    *   Context: "...Fernando Gomes, a <t>high</t> degree of Committee of the Regions..."
    *   Wait, let me re-read the context carefully.
    *   Context snippet: "Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a <t>high</t> degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament..."

    *   Looking at the sentence: "Fernando Gomes, a <t>high</t> degree of Committee of the Regions"
    *   This looks like a transcription error or a typo in the source text. "a high degree of Committee of the Regions" doesn't make semantic sense in English.
    *   However, I must disambiguate the word "high" as it appears in the provided context.
    *   The phrase is "a high degree of".
    *   In the phrase "a high degree of [something]", "high" typically means "greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount".

    *   Sense 1: "greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount" (e.g., a high temperature, a high price).
    *   Sense 2: "being at or having a relatively great or specific elevation" (e.g., a high mountain).
    *   Sense 3: "standing above others in quality or position" (e.g., people in high places).
    *   Sense 4: "high in pitch or frequency".
    *   Sense 5: "happy and excited".
    *   Sense 6: "smelling spoiled".
    *   Sense 7: "intoxicated".

    *   The phrase "a high degree of" is a very common collocation where "high" refers to the amount or intensity of the "degree".
    *   Even though the rest of the sentence ("Committee of the Regions") is nonsensical, the phrase "high degree" strongly points to Sense 1.

    *   Sense 1: "greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount". This fits "high degree" perfectly.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: committee
Target surface form: Committee
Context:
Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of <t>Committee</t> of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=committee%1:14:00:: | definition=a special group delegated to consider some matter;  - Milton Berle | synonyms=commission | examples=a committee is a group that keeps minutes and loses hours
2. sense_key=committee%1:14:01:: | definition=a self-constituted organization to promote something | synonyms=citizens committee

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `committee`
    *   Target surface form: `Committee`
    *   Context: "...Fernando Gomes, a high degree of <t>Committee</t> of the Regions..." (Wait, the text says "a high degree of Committee of the Regions", which looks like a transcription error, but the entity is "Committee of the Regions").
    *   Other mentions: "Economic and Social Committee".
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `committee%1:14:00`: a special group delegated to consider some matter; synonyms=commission.
        2.  `committee%1:14:01`: a self-constituted organization to promote something; synonyms=citizens committee.

    *   The "Committee of the Regions" is an official advisory body of the European Union.
    *   It is a formal body delegated to represent local and regional authorities.
    *   Sense 1 describes a "special group delegated to consider some matter" (synonym: commission).
    *   Sense 2 describes a "self-constituted organization to promote something" (synonym: citizens committee).

    *   The Committee of the Regions is not "self-constituted" in the way a grassroots citizens' committee is; it is a formal, institutionalized body established by treaty/law.
    *   It fits better as a delegated group (Sense 1) than a self-constituted one (Sense 2).

    *   Sense 1: Delegated group, commission.
    *   Sense 2: Self-constituted, citizens committee.
    *   The "Committee of the Regions" is a formal EU institution. Sense 1 is the standard meaning for official committees.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: member
Target surface form: Member
Context:
Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, <t>Member</t> of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=member%1:18:00:: | definition=one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization) | synonyms=fellow member | examples=only members will be admitted; a member of the faculty
2. sense_key=member%1:24:00:: | definition=anything that belongs to a set or class | examples=snakes are members of the class Reptilia; members of the opposite sex
3. sense_key=member%1:08:00:: | definition=an external body part that projects from the body | synonyms=extremity, appendage | examples=it is important to keep the extremities warm
4. sense_key=member%1:14:00:: | definition=an organization that is a member of another organization (especially a state that belongs to a group of nations) | examples=the library was a member of the interlibrary loan association; Canada is a member of the United Nations
5. sense_key=member%1:08:01:: | definition=the male organ of copulation (`member' is a euphemism) | synonyms=penis, phallus

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `member`
    *   Target surface form: `Member`
    *   Context: "...Barbara Weiler, <t>Member</t> of the European Parliament..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `member%1:18:00::`: one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization).
        2.  `member%1:24:00::`: anything that belongs to a set or class.
        3.  `member%1:08:00::`: an external body part that projects from the body.
        4.  `member%1:14:00::`: an organization that is a member of another organization.
        5.  `member%1:08:01::`: the male organ of copulation.

    *   The phrase is "Member of the European Parliament".
    *   Barbara Weiler is a person.
    *   The European Parliament is a legislative body/organization.
    *   Barbara Weiler is an individual person who is part of this organization.

    *   Sense 1: "one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)". This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "anything that belongs to a set or class". Too general.
    *   Sense 3: "external body part". Incorrect.
    *   Sense 4: "an organization that is a member of another organization". Barbara Weiler is a person, not an organization.
    *   Sense 5: "male organ of copulation". Incorrect.

    *   Sense 1 is the most precise fit for a person who is a member of a parliament.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: parliament
Target surface form: Parliament
Context:
Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European <t>Parliament</t> José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=parliament%1:14:00:: | definition=a legislative assembly in certain countries
2. sense_key=parliament%1:04:00:: | definition=a card game in which you play your sevens and other cards in sequence in the same suit as the sevens; you win if you are the first to use all your cards | synonyms=fantan, sevens

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `parliament`
    *   Target surface form: `Parliament`
    *   Context: "...Barbara Weiler, Member of the European <t>Parliament</t> José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `parliament%1:14:00::` - a legislative assembly in certain countries.
        2.  `parliament%1:04:00::` - a card game...

    *   The context mentions "Member of the European Parliament" and "Vice-President, European Parliament".
    *   The European Parliament is a legislative body.
    *   This clearly matches sense 1 (legislative assembly).

    *   Sense 1: Legislative assembly. (Correct)
    *   Sense 2: Card game. (Incorrect)


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: parliament
Target surface form: Parliament
Context:
Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European <t>Parliament</t> and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=parliament%1:14:00:: | definition=a legislative assembly in certain countries
2. sense_key=parliament%1:04:00:: | definition=a card game in which you play your sevens and other cards in sequence in the same suit as the sevens; you win if you are the first to use all your cards | synonyms=fantan, sevens

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `parliament`
    *   Target surface form: `Parliament`
    *   Context: "...Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European <t>Parliament</t> and John Carroll..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `parliament%1:14:00::` - a legislative assembly in certain countries.
        2.  `parliament%1:04:00::` - a card game...

    *   The context mentions "Member of the European Parliament" and "Vice-President, European Parliament".
    *   This clearly refers to a legislative body (the European Parliament), not a card game.

    *   Sense 1: legislative assembly. (Matches)
    *   Sense 2: card game. (Does not match)

    *   The best sense is index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: economic
Target surface form: Economic
Context:
Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, <t>Economic</t> and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=economic%3:01:01:: | definition=of or relating to an economy, the system of production and management of material wealth | synonyms=economical | examples=economic growth; aspects of social, political, and economical life
2. sense_key=economic%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to the science of economics | examples=economic theory
3. sense_key=economic%5:00:00:efficient:00 | definition=using the minimum of time or resources necessary for effectiveness | synonyms=economical | examples=an economic use of home heating oil; a modern economical heating system
4. sense_key=economic%5:00:00:worldly:00 | definition=concerned with worldly necessities of life (especially money) | examples=he wrote the book primarily for economic reasons; gave up the large house for economic reasons
5. sense_key=economic%5:00:00:profitable:00 | definition=financially rewarding | examples=it was no longer economic to keep the factory open; have to keep prices high enough to make it economic to continue the service

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `economic`
    *   Target surface form: `Economic`
    *   Context: "...John Carroll, <t>Economic</t> and Social Committee."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `economic%3:01:01::`: of or relating to an economy, the system of production and management of material wealth.
        2.  `economic%3:01:00::`: of or relating to the science of economics.
        3.  `economic%5:00:00:efficient:00`: using the minimum of time or resources necessary for effectiveness (economical).
        4.  `economic%5:00:00:worldly:00`: concerned with worldly necessities of life (especially money).
        5.  `economic%5:00:00:profitable:00`: financially rewarding.

    *   The word "Economic" appears in the phrase "Economic and Social Committee".
    *   This is a proper noun phrase referring to an organization (likely the European Economic and Social Committee, given the context of the European Commission and European Parliament).
    *   The "Economic and Social Committee" deals with the economy (the system of production and management of material wealth) and social issues.

    *   Sense 1: "of or relating to an economy, the system of production and management of material wealth". This fits perfectly for a committee dealing with the economy of a region (like Europe).
    *   Sense 2: "of or relating to the science of economics". While related, a committee usually deals with the *economy* (the system) rather than just the *science* of economics.
    *   Sense 3: "efficient". Not applicable.
    *   Sense 4: "concerned with worldly necessities". Not applicable.
    *   Sense 5: "profitable". Not applicable.

    *   The "European Economic and Social Committee" (EESC) is an advisory body of the European Union. Its focus is on the economy (the system) and social affairs.
    *   Sense 1 is the standard meaning for "economic" when used in the context of "economic growth", "economic policy", or "economic committee".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: social
Target surface form: Social
Context:
Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and <t>Social</t> Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=social%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to human society and its members | synonyms=societal | examples=social institutions; societal evolution
2. sense_key=social%3:00:00:: | definition=living together or enjoying life in communities or organized groups | examples=a human being is a social animal; mature social behavior
3. sense_key=social%3:01:02:: | definition=relating to or belonging to or characteristic of high society | examples=made fun of her being so social and high-toned; a social gossip colum
4. sense_key=social%5:00:00:sociable:00 | definition=composed of sociable people or formed for the purpose of sociability | examples=a purely social club; the church has a large social hall
5. sense_key=social%5:00:00:gregarious:00 | definition=tending to move or live together in groups or colonies of the same kind | examples=ants are social insects
6. sense_key=social%5:00:00:friendly:01 | definition=marked by friendly companionship with others | examples=a social cup of coffee

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `social`
    *   Target surface form: `Social`
    *   Context: "...John Carroll, Economic and <t>Social</t> Committee."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses public welfare, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs, social exclusion, social partners, and the European Commission. The specific phrase is "Economic and Social Committee."

    *   Sense 1: `relating to human society and its members` (synonym: societal). Examples: social institutions, societal evolution.
    *   Sense 2: `living together or enjoying life in communities or organized groups`. Example: a human being is a social animal.
    *   Sense 3: `relating to or belonging to or characteristic of high society`. Example: social gossip column.
    *   Sense 4: `composed of sociable people or formed for the purpose of sociability`. Example: social club.
    *   Sense 5: `tending to move or live together in groups or colonies of the same kind`. Example: social insects.
    *   Sense 6: `marked by friendly companionship with others`. Example: social cup of coffee.

    *   The phrase "Economic and Social Committee" refers to a body dealing with societal issues, public welfare, and labor/economic relations (as evidenced by the rest of the text mentioning "social exclusion," "social partners," and "Ministry of Social Affairs").
    *   This fits the definition of "relating to human society and its members" (Sense 1).
    *   It is not about high society (Sense 3), sociability/clubs (Sense 4), animal behavior (Sense 2/5), or friendly companionship (Sense 6).

    *   Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: committee
Target surface form: Committee
Context:
Note was also taken of the variety of different roles played by public welfare The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social <t>Committee</t>. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=committee%1:14:00:: | definition=a special group delegated to consider some matter;  - Milton Berle | synonyms=commission | examples=a committee is a group that keeps minutes and loses hours
2. sense_key=committee%1:14:01:: | definition=a self-constituted organization to promote something | synonyms=citizens committee

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `committee`
    *   Target surface form: `Committee`
    *   Context: "...John Carroll, Economic and Social <t>Committee</t>."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `committee%1:14:00::`: a special group delegated to consider some matter; synonyms=commission.
        2.  `committee%1:14:01::`: a self-constituted organization to promote something; synonyms=citizens committee.

    *   The context mentions "Economic and Social Committee".
    *   This refers to the European Economic and Social Committee (EESC), which is an advisory body of the European Union.
    *   An advisory body is typically a group delegated to consider matters and provide advice (a commission/committee).

    *   Sense 1: "a special group delegated to consider some matter" (synonym: commission). This fits the description of an official advisory body like the Economic and Social Committee.
    *   Sense 2: "a self-constituted organization to promote something" (synonym: citizens committee). This usually refers to grassroots or non-governmental groups formed by citizens, not official EU bodies.

    *   The "Economic and Social Committee" is a formal, delegated body within the EU structure. Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: case_study
Target surface form: Case Studies
Context:
The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. <t>Case Studies</t> Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community. For each country, two or three initiatives have been selected for further in depth case study.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=case_study%1:10:00:: | definition=a careful study of some social unit (as a corporation or division within a corporation) that attempts to determine what factors led to its success or failure
2. sense_key=case_study%1:04:00:: | definition=a detailed analysis of a person or group from a social or psychological or medical point of view

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `case_study`
    *   Target surface form: `Case Studies`
    *   Context: The text discusses a European conference on social exclusion, a comparative study on direct participation, and national reports containing portfolios of initiatives to improve recruitment, training, and development of ageing workers. Specifically, it says: "For each country, two or three initiatives have been selected for further in depth case study."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `case_study%1:10:00::`: a careful study of some social unit (as a corporation or division within a corporation) that attempts to determine what factors led to its success or failure.
        2.  `case_study%1:04:00::`: a detailed analysis of a person or group from a social or psychological or medical point of view.

    *   The "case studies" refer to "initiatives" (policies and practices to improve recruitment, training, and development of ageing workers).
    *   The goal is to analyze these initiatives (which are social/organizational units or programs) to see how they work (implied success/failure or effectiveness).
    *   Sense 1 focuses on a "social unit (as a corporation or division...)" and determining "factors led to its success or failure."
    *   Sense 2 focuses on a "person or group from a social or psychological or medical point of view."

    *   The "initiatives" are not people or groups being analyzed from a psychological or medical perspective (Sense 2).
    *   The "initiatives" are organizational/policy-based units (similar to a "corporation or division" in terms of being a social unit/entity) being studied to understand their effectiveness (success/failure) in improving recruitment/training (Sense 1).

    *   Sense 1 is a better fit because it deals with social units/entities (initiatives/policies) and their outcomes, whereas Sense 2 is more clinical or sociological in a personal/group sense.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: national
Target surface form: national
Context:
The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each <t>national</t> report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community. For each country, two or three initiatives have been selected for further in depth case study.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=national%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country | examples=national hero; national anthem
2. sense_key=national%3:00:00:: | definition=limited to or in the interests of a particular nation | examples=national interests; isolationism is a strictly national policy
3. sense_key=national%3:00:01:: | definition=concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country | examples=the national government; national elections
4. sense_key=national%5:00:00:public:00 | definition=owned or maintained for the public by the national government | examples=national parks
5. sense_key=national%5:00:00:domestic:00 | definition=inside the country | synonyms=home, interior, internal | examples=the British Home Office has broader responsibilities than the United States Department of the Interior; the nation's internal politics
6. sense_key=national%3:01:02:: | definition=characteristic of or peculiar to the people of a nation | examples=a national trait
7. sense_key=national%3:01:01:: | definition=of or relating to nationality | examples=national origin

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `national`
    *   Target surface form: `national`
    *   Context: "Each <t>national</t> report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives..."
    *   Broader context: The text discusses a European conference on social exclusion, a comparative study across fifteen European countries, and reports based on these countries.

    *   Sense 1: `of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country` (General)
    *   Sense 2: `limited to or in the interests of a particular nation` (Focus on limitation/interest)
    *   Sense 3: `concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country` (Focus on scope/entirety, e.g., national government)
    *   Sense 4: `owned or maintained for the public by the national government` (Public ownership, e.g., national parks)
    *   Sense 5: `inside the country` (Domestic/internal)
    *   Sense 6: `characteristic of or peculiar to the people of a nation` (Trait)
    *   Sense 7: `of or relating to nationality` (Origin)

    *   The phrase is "Each national report".
    *   The context mentions "fifteen European countries" and "For each country, two or three initiatives have been selected".
    *   Therefore, "national report" means a report for each specific nation/country involved in the study.
    *   Is it "limited to" (Sense 2)? Maybe, but "national report" usually means a report covering the whole of that specific nation.
    *   Is it "concerned with or applicable to... an entire nation" (Sense 3)? Yes, a report for a country typically covers the state of affairs for that entire country.
    *   Is it "of or relating to a nation" (Sense 1)? Yes, but Sense 3 is more specific regarding the scope (the report covers the whole nation).

    *   Sense 1: General relation.
    *   Sense 3: Scope (entire nation).
    *   In the context of "national report" (where there is one report per country in a multi-country study), the report is concerned with the entirety of that specific nation.

    *   Sense 1: "national hero", "national anthem" (Symbols/people of a nation).
    *   Sense 3: "national government", "national elections" (Administrative/scope of the whole nation).
    *   A "national report" in a comparative study of 15 countries is analogous to a "national government" in that it pertains to the whole of one specific country within the set.

    *   Sense 1 is very broad.
    *   Sense 3 specifically addresses the "entire nation" aspect, which fits a report summarizing a country's initiatives.

    *   Wait, let's look at Sense 1 again: "of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country".
    *   Sense 3: "concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country".
    *   If the report is *for* a country, it relates to that country. If it covers the *whole* country, it's Sense 3.
    *   Usually, in these datasets, "national report" (one per country) is mapped to the sense meaning "pertaining to the whole nation" (Sense 3).

    *   Sense 1: General.
    *   Sense 2: Limited to/interests of.
    *   Sense 3: Entire nation.
    *   Sense 4: Government owned.
    *   Sense 5: Domestic.
    *   Sense 6: Trait.
    *   Sense 7: Nationality.

    The reports are produced for each of the fifteen countries. Each report covers the initiatives of that specific nation. This fits Sense 3 best.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: report
Target surface form: report
Context:
The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national <t>report</t> contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community. For each country, two or three initiatives have been selected for further in depth case study.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=report%1:10:03:: | definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | synonyms=study, written report | examples=this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
2. sense_key=report%1:10:01:: | definition=the act of informing by verbal report | synonyms=account | examples=he heard reports that they were causing trouble; by all accounts they were a happy couple
3. sense_key=report%1:10:00:: | definition=a short account of the news | synonyms=news report, story, account, write up | examples=the report of his speech; the story was on the 11 o'clock news
4. sense_key=report%1:11:00:: | definition=a sharp explosive sound (especially the sound of a gun firing) | examples=they heard a violent report followed by silence
5. sense_key=report%1:10:04:: | definition=a written evaluation of a student's scholarship and deportment | synonyms=report card | examples=his father signed his report card
6. sense_key=report%1:10:02:: | definition=an essay (especially one written as an assignment) | synonyms=composition, paper, theme | examples=he got an A on his composition
7. sense_key=report%1:09:00:: | definition=the general estimation that the public has for a person | synonyms=reputation | examples=he acquired a reputation as an actor before he started writing; he was a person of bad report

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `report`
    *   Target surface form: `report`
    *   Context: "Case Studies Each national <t>report</t> contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers..."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses a European conference on social exclusion, a comparative study (EPOC project), personal interviews, and national reports containing portfolios of initiatives.

    *   Sense 1: `report%1:10:03::` - a written document describing the findings of some individual or group (synonyms: study, written report).
    *   Sense 2: `report%1:10:01::` - the act of informing by verbal report (synonyms: account).
    *   Sense 3: `report%1:10:00::` - a short account of the news (synonyms: news report, story).
    *   Sense 4: `report%1:11:00::` - a sharp explosive sound (gun firing).
    *   Sense 5: `report%1:10:04::` - a written evaluation of a student's scholarship (report card).
    *   Sense 6: `report%1:10:02::` - an essay (assignment, composition).
    *   Sense 7: `report%1:09:00::` - general estimation/reputation.

    *   The context mentions "Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives...".
    *   This describes a formal written document detailing findings/initiatives related to a study or project (the EPOC project mentioned earlier).
    *   Sense 1 ("a written document describing the findings of some individual or group") fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2 is verbal.
    *   Sense 3 is news-related.
    *   Sense 4 is a sound.
    *   Sense 5 is a student report card.
    *   Sense 6 is a school assignment.
    *   Sense 7 is reputation.

    *   The "national report" is a formal document summarizing policies and practices (findings/data) for a specific country as part of a larger study. This aligns with Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: contain
Target surface form: contains
Context:
The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report <t>contains</t> a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community. For each country, two or three initiatives have been selected for further in depth case study.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=contain%2:42:00:: | definition=include or contain; have as a component | synonyms=incorporate, comprise | examples=A totally new idea is comprised in this paper; The record contains many old songs from the 1930's
2. sense_key=contain%2:42:13:: | definition=contain or hold; have within | synonyms=hold, bear, carry | examples=The jar carries wine; The canteen holds fresh water
3. sense_key=contain%2:41:00:: | definition=lessen the intensity of; temper; hold in restraint; hold or keep within limits | synonyms=control, hold in, hold, check, curb, moderate | examples=moderate your alcohol intake; hold your tongue
4. sense_key=contain%2:42:06:: | definition=be divisible by | examples=24 contains 6
5. sense_key=contain%2:42:14:: | definition=be capable of holding or containing | synonyms=take, hold | examples=This box won't take all the items; The flask holds one gallon
6. sense_key=contain%2:33:00:: | definition=hold back, as of a danger or an enemy; check the expansion or influence of | synonyms=check, turn back, arrest, stop, hold back | examples=Arrest the downward trend; Check the growth of communism in South East Asia

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `contain`
    *   Target surface form: `contains`
    *   Context: "Each national report <t>contains</t> a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `contain%2:42:00::`: include or contain; have as a component (synonyms: incorporate, comprise). Example: "The record contains many old songs from the 1930's".
        2.  `contain%2:42:13::`: contain or hold; have within (synonyms: hold, bear, carry). Example: "The jar carries wine".
        3.  `contain%2:41:00::`: lessen the intensity of; temper; hold in restraint (synonyms: control, curb).
        4.  `contain%2:42:06::`: be divisible by.
        5.  `contain%2:42:14::`: be capable of holding or containing (capacity).
        6.  `contain%2:33:00::`: hold back, as of a danger or an enemy.

    *   The sentence is: "Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives..."
    *   The "report" (a document) has "a portfolio of initiatives" (content/components) inside it.
    *   This is about the content of a document.

    *   Sense 1: "include or contain; have as a component". Example: "The record contains many old songs". This fits perfectly for a report containing initiatives.
    *   Sense 2: "contain or hold; have within". Example: "The jar carries wine". This usually refers to physical containment (a container holding a substance).
    *   Sense 3: "lessen the intensity". Not applicable.
    *   Sense 4: "be divisible by". Not applicable.
    *   Sense 5: "be capable of holding". Not applicable (this is about capacity).
    *   Sense 6: "hold back". Not applicable.

    *   Sense 1 is about components/inclusion (abstract or physical, but often used for documents, lists, etc.).
    *   Sense 2 is about physical containment (holding something inside).
    *   A report "containing" initiatives is more about the report *comprising* or *including* those initiatives as part of its content.

    *   Sense 1: "include or contain; have as a component" (synonyms: incorporate, comprise).
    *   Sense 2: "contain or hold; have within" (synonyms: hold, bear, carry).
    *   Comparing "The record contains many old songs" (Sense 1) with "The jar carries wine" (Sense 2).
    *   A report containing initiatives is very similar to a record containing songs. Both are collections of information/items.

    *   Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: present
Target surface form: present
Context:
The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best <t>present</t> policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community. For each country, two or three initiatives have been selected for further in depth case study.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=present%2:39:00:: | definition=give an exhibition of to an interested audience | synonyms=show, demo, exhibit, demonstrate | examples=She shows her dogs frequently; We will demo the new software in Washington
2. sense_key=present%2:32:00:: | definition=bring forward and present to the mind | synonyms=represent, lay out | examples=We presented the arguments to him; We cannot represent this knowledge to our formal reason
3. sense_key=present%2:36:00:: | definition=perform (a play), especially on a stage | synonyms=stage, represent | examples=we are going to stage `Othello'
4. sense_key=present%2:40:01:: | definition=hand over formally | synonyms=submit
5. sense_key=present%2:42:00:: | definition=introduce | synonyms=pose | examples=This poses an interesting question
6. sense_key=present%2:40:02:: | definition=give, especially as an honor or reward | synonyms=award | examples=bestow honors and prizes at graduation
7. sense_key=present%2:40:00:: | definition=give as a present; make a gift of | synonyms=give, gift | examples=What will you give her for her birthday?
8. sense_key=present%2:32:02:: | definition=deliver (a speech, oration, or idea) | synonyms=deliver | examples=The commencement speaker presented a forceful speech that impressed the students
9. sense_key=present%2:32:01:: | definition=cause to come to know personally | synonyms=introduce, acquaint | examples=permit me to acquaint you with my son; introduce the new neighbors to the community
10. sense_key=present%2:36:08:: | definition=represent abstractly, for example in a painting, drawing, or sculpture | synonyms=portray | examples=The father is portrayed as a good-looking man in this painting
11. sense_key=present%2:32:06:: | definition=present somebody with something, usually to accuse or criticize | synonyms=confront, face | examples=We confronted him with the evidence; He was faced with all the evidence and could no longer deny his actions
12. sense_key=present%2:32:04:: | definition=formally present a debutante, a representative of a country, etc.
13. sense_key=present%2:32:03:: | definition=recognize with a gesture prescribed by a military regulation; assume a prescribed position | synonyms=salute | examples=When the officers show up, the soldiers have to salute

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `present`
    *   Target surface form: `present`
    *   Context: "Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best <t>present</t> policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers..."

    *   The sentence says "initiatives which best present policies and practices".
    *   The "initiatives" are examples or cases that *show*, *illustrate*, *represent*, or *lay out* how policies and practices are implemented.
    *   The goal is to communicate or display these policies/practices through the initiatives.

    *   Sense 1: "give an exhibition of to an interested audience" (show, demo, exhibit). (More about a physical exhibition or a demo).
    *   Sense 2: "bring forward and present to the mind" (represent, lay out). (Example: "We presented the arguments to him"). This fits well with presenting policies and practices in a report.
    *   Sense 3: "perform (a play)" (stage). (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 4: "hand over formally" (submit). (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 5: "introduce" (pose). (Example: "This poses an interesting question"). (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 6: "give, especially as an honor or reward" (award). (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 7: "give as a present; make a gift of" (give, gift). (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 8: "deliver (a speech, oration, or idea)" (deliver). (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 9: "cause to come to know personally" (introduce, acquaint). (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 10: "represent abstractly, for example in a painting, drawing, or sculpture" (portray). (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 11: "present somebody with something, usually to accuse or criticize" (confront, face). (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 12: "formally present a debutante..." (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 13: "recognize with a gesture prescribed by a military regulation" (salute). (Incorrect).

    *   The initiatives "present" (represent/lay out/showcase) the policies and practices.
    *   Sense 1 (show, demo, exhibit) is close, but usually implies a more active demonstration or a physical exhibition.
    *   Sense 2 (represent, lay out) fits the context of a report describing policies and practices. "Lay out" or "represent" fits the way a case study or initiative illustrates a broader policy.

    *   "Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices..."
    *   If we replace "present" with "represent" or "lay out": "...initiatives which best represent policies and practices..." (Fits well).
    *   If we replace "present" with "show": "...initiatives which best show policies and practices..." (Also fits).
    *   Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 2: Sense 1 is more about an exhibition/demo. Sense 2 is more about bringing something forward to the mind or representing it. In a report, initiatives *represent* or *illustrate* the policies.

    *   Sense 2: "bring forward and present to the mind" | synonyms=represent, lay out.
    *   Sense 1: "give an exhibition of to an interested audience" | synonyms=show, demo, exhibit, demonstrate.
    *   In the context of a report, the initiatives are examples that *represent* the policies. Sense 2 is a better fit for "representing" or "laying out" information in a document.

    *   Wait, let me re-read Sense 1: "give an exhibition of to an interested audience".
    *   Let me re-read Sense 2: "bring forward and present to the mind".
    *   Actually, "present" in "present policies and practices" often means to show or exhibit them as examples.
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 2: "represent, lay out".
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 1: "show, demo, exhibit, demonstrate".
    *   "Initiatives which best show policies and practices" vs "Initiatives which best represent policies and practices". Both are plausible.
    *   However, "represent" (Sense 2) often means to be a symbol or example of something. "These initiatives represent the best policies..."
    *   "Lay out" (Sense 2) means to explain or describe. "These initiatives lay out the policies..."
    *   Sense 1 is more about a physical show or a software demo.
    *   Therefore, Sense 2 is the most appropriate for a written report.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: policy
Target surface form: policies
Context:
The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present <t>policies</t> and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community. For each country, two or three initiatives have been selected for further in depth case study.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=policy%1:09:00:: | definition=a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group | examples=it was a policy of retribution; a politician keeps changing his policies
2. sense_key=policy%1:10:00:: | definition=a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government | examples=they debated the policy or impolicy of the proposed legislation
3. sense_key=policy%1:10:02:: | definition=written contract or certificate of insurance | synonyms=insurance policy, insurance | examples=you should have read the small print on your policy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `policy`
    *   Target surface form: `policies`
    *   Context: "...Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present <t>policies</t> and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `policy%1:09:00::`: a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group.
        2.  `policy%1:10:00::`: a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government.
        3.  `policy%1:10:02::`: written contract or certificate of insurance.

    *   The context discusses a European conference on social exclusion, a comparative study on direct participation, and national reports containing initiatives to improve recruitment, training, and development of ageing workers.
    *   The word "policies" appears in the phrase "policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers".
    *   This refers to strategies, plans, or guidelines implemented by organizations or governments to achieve a specific goal (improving the situation of ageing workers).

    *   Sense 3 (insurance policy) is completely irrelevant.
    *   Sense 2 (line of argument rationalizing government action) is too narrow. While governments are involved, "policies and practices" usually refers to the actual plans/rules implemented, not just the arguments used to justify them.
    *   Sense 1 (a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group) fits perfectly. "Policies and practices" is a common collocation referring to the set of rules or plans of action adopted by an organization or government.

    *   Sense 1: "a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group" -> Fits "policies and practices to improve the recruitment...".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: practice
Target surface form: practices
Context:
The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and <t>practices</t> to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community. For each country, two or three initiatives have been selected for further in depth case study.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=practice%1:04:00:: | definition=a customary way of operation or behavior | synonyms=pattern | examples=it is their practice to give annual raises; they changed their dietary pattern
2. sense_key=practice%1:04:02:: | definition=systematic training by multiple repetitions | synonyms=exercise, drill, practice session, recitation | examples=practice makes perfect
3. sense_key=practice%1:04:04:: | definition=translating an idea into action | synonyms=praxis | examples=a hard theory to put into practice; differences between theory and praxis of communism
4. sense_key=practice%1:04:03:: | definition=the exercise of a profession | examples=the practice of the law; I took over his practice when he retired
5. sense_key=practice%1:09:00:: | definition=knowledge of how something is usually done | examples=it is not the local practice to wear shorts to dinner

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `practice`
    *   Target surface form: `practices`
    *   Context: "...a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and <t>practices</t> to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers..."

    *   Sense 1: `practice%1:04:00::` - a customary way of operation or behavior (synonym: pattern). Example: "it is their practice to give annual raises".
    *   Sense 2: `practice%1:04:02::` - systematic training by multiple repetitions (synonym: exercise, drill). Example: "practice makes perfect".
    *   Sense 3: `practice%1:04:04::` - translating an idea into action (synonym: praxis). Example: "a hard theory to put into practice".
    *   Sense 4: `practice%1:04:03::` - the exercise of a profession. Example: "the practice of the law".
    *   Sense 5: `practice%1:09:00::` - knowledge of how something is usually done. Example: "it is not the local practice to wear shorts to dinner".

    *   The phrase is "policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers".
    *   "Policies" refers to high-level plans or rules.
    *   "Practices" here refers to the actual methods, procedures, or customary ways of operating that are used to implement those policies or achieve the goal.
    *   It's not about training/drills (Sense 2).
    *   It's not about the act of translating theory into action in a general philosophical sense (Sense 3), although it's related.
    *   It's not about a professional practice like law or medicine (Sense 4).
    *   It's not about "knowledge of how something is usually done" (Sense 5), but rather the actual ways of operating.
    *   Sense 1 ("a customary way of operation or behavior") fits best. "Policies and practices" is a very common collocation where "practices" means the actual methods or ways of doing things.

    *   Sense 1: "a customary way of operation or behavior". This aligns perfectly with "practices to improve recruitment...". These are the operational methods used.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: improve
Target surface form: improve
Context:
The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to <t>improve</t> the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community. For each country, two or three initiatives have been selected for further in depth case study.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=improve%2:30:01:: | definition=to make better | synonyms=better, amend, ameliorate, meliorate | examples=The editor improved the manuscript with his changes
2. sense_key=improve%2:30:00:: | definition=get better | synonyms=better, ameliorate, meliorate | examples=The weather improved toward evening

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `improve`
    *   Target surface form: `improve`
    *   Context: "...policies and practices to <t>improve</t> the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `improve%2:30:01::` (to make better) - transitive (something makes something else better).
        2.  `improve%2:30:00::` (get better) - intransitive (something becomes better).

    *   The phrase is "policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers".
    *   Here, "improve" is used as a transitive verb. The "policies and practices" are the means to make "the recruitment, training and development" better.
    *   The object of "improve" is "the recruitment, training and development of ageing workers".

    *   Sense 1: "to make better" (transitive). Example: "The editor improved the manuscript". This matches the usage in the context.
    *   Sense 2: "get better" (intransitive). Example: "The weather improved". This does not match the usage in the context.

    *   The correct sense is Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: training
Target surface form: training
Context:
The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, <t>training</t> and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community. For each country, two or three initiatives have been selected for further in depth case study.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=training%1:04:00:: | definition=activity leading to skilled behavior | synonyms=preparation, grooming
2. sense_key=training%1:07:00:: | definition=the result of good upbringing (especially knowledge of correct social behavior) | synonyms=education, breeding | examples=a woman of breeding and refinement

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `training`
    *   Target surface form: `training`
    *   Context: "...policies and practices to improve the recruitment, <t>training</t> and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `training%1:04:00::`: activity leading to skilled behavior (synonyms: preparation, grooming)
        2.  `training%1:07:00::`: the result of good upbringing (especially knowledge of correct social behavior) (synonyms: education, breeding)

    *   The context discusses "recruitment, training and development of ageing workers in both the work place and the community."
    *   This refers to professional skill acquisition, vocational training, or employee development.

    *   Sense 1: "activity leading to skilled behavior" fits perfectly with professional development and workplace skills.
    *   Sense 2: "the result of good upbringing" (breeding/social behavior) does not fit the context of workplace recruitment and development.

    *   Sense 1 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: development
Target surface form: development
Context:
The Foundation organised, together with the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Social Affairs and the Galician regional government, a European conference on social exclusion: a major challenge for public welfare services. The Foundation recently published a comparative study as part of the EPOC project which assesses the extent to which direct participation can humanise work while increasing profitability. The study is based on 195 personal interviews with senior officials of the social partners as representatives of national level peak organisations in fifteen European countries. As important industrial sectors, the metal industry and the banking sector were also included. Key speakers at the social exclusion conference were (left to right) Cristina Louro, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate, European Commission Fernando Gomes, a high degree of Committee of the Regions Barbara Weiler, Member of the European Parliament José Maria Gil-Robles, Vice-President, European Parliament and John Carroll, Economic and Social Committee. Case Studies Each national report contains a portfolio of between 25 and 30 initiatives which best present policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and <t>development</t> of ageing workers in both the work place and the community. For each country, two or three initiatives have been selected for further in depth case study.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=development%1:04:01:: | definition=act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining | examples=he congratulated them on their development of a plan to meet the emergency; they funded research and development
2. sense_key=development%1:22:02:: | definition=a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage) | synonyms=evolution | examples=the development of his ideas took many years; the evolution of Greek civilization
3. sense_key=development%1:22:01:: | definition=(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level | synonyms=growth, growing, maturation, ontogeny, ontogenesis | examples=he proposed an indicator of osseous development in children
4. sense_key=development%1:11:01:: | definition=a recent event that has some relevance for the present situation | examples=recent developments in Iraq; what a revolting development!
5. sense_key=development%1:04:02:: | definition=the act of making some area of land or water more profitable or productive or useful | synonyms=exploitation | examples=the development of Alaskan resources; the exploitation of copper deposits
6. sense_key=development%1:15:00:: | definition=a district that has been developed to serve some purpose | examples=such land is practical for small park developments
7. sense_key=development%1:26:00:: | definition=a state in which things are improving; the result of developing (as in the early part of a game of chess) | examples=after he saw the latest development he changed his mind and became a supporter; in chess your should take care of your development before moving your queen
8. sense_key=development%1:22:00:: | definition=processing a photosensitive material in order to make an image visible | synonyms=developing | examples=the development and printing of his pictures took only two hours
9. sense_key=development%1:10:00:: | definition=(music) the section of a composition or movement (especially in sonata form) where the major musical themes are developed and elaborated

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `development`
    *   Target surface form: `development`
    *   Context: "...policies and practices to improve the recruitment, training and <t>development</t> of ageing workers in both the work place and the community."

    *   Sense 1: act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining (e.g., research and development, development of a plan).
    *   Sense 2: a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage) (e.g., evolution of ideas).
    *   Sense 3: (biology) process of an individual organism growing organically (e.g., osseous development in children).
    *   Sense 4: a recent event (e.g., recent developments in Iraq).
    *   Sense 5: making land/water more profitable (e.g., development of Alaskan resources).
    *   Sense 6: a district developed for a purpose (e.g., park developments).
    *   Sense 7: a state in which things are improving; result of developing (e.g., chess development).
    *   Sense 8: processing photosensitive material.
    *   Sense 9: (music) section of a composition.

    *   The phrase is "recruitment, training and development of ageing workers".
    *   In a professional/HR context, "training and development" (T&D) refers to the process of improving an employee's skills, knowledge, and overall professional growth.
    *   This aligns with "improving by expanding or enlarging or refining" (Sense 1) or "a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage)" (Sense 2).

    *   Sense 1: "act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining". Example: "research and development".
    *   Sense 2: "a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage)". Example: "the development of his ideas".
    *   In the context of "training and development of workers", it's about improving their skills and professional capabilities. This is a form of refining or expanding their skill set.
    *   Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 2: Sense 1 is often used for the *act* of creating or improving something (like a plan or a product), while Sense 2 is more about the *process* of evolution or growth.
    *   However, "professional development" or "staff development" is typically seen as the act of improving the person's skills (Sense 1). Let's look at the examples again. "Research and development" (R&D) is a classic example of Sense 1. "Training and development" is very similar to "Research and development" in terms of the "development" part—it's about improvement and expansion of capabilities.

    *   Sense 1: "act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining".
    *   Sense 2: "a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage".
    *   "Training and development" is a standard HR term. It refers to the process of improving the skills and knowledge of employees.
    *   If we look at "development of ageing workers", it means improving their skills/employability. This fits "improving by expanding or enlarging or refining" (Sense 1) better than "passing by degrees to a different stage" (Sense 2), which sounds more like natural evolution or biological growth.

    *   Sense 1: "act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining"
    *   Sense 2: "a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage"
    *   In the context of "recruitment, training and development", "development" refers to the ongoing process of improving an employee's skills. This is a deliberate act of improvement.

    *   Sense 1: "he congratulated them on their development of a plan... they funded research and development"
    *   Sense 2: "the development of his ideas took many years; the evolution of Greek civilization"
    *   "Training and development" is more like "research and development" (Sense 1) than "the evolution of Greek civilization" (Sense 2).

    *   Sense 1: act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining.
    *   Sense 2: process of passing to a different stage.
    *   Sense 3: biological growth.
    *   Sense 4: recent event.
    *   Sense 5: land exploitation.
    *   Sense 6: district.
    *   Sense 7: state of improving.
    *   Sense 8: photo processing.
    *   Sense 9: music.

    Sense 1 is the best fit for professional/skill development.