[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: case
Target surface form: case
Context:
Wall Street closes without momentum, slowed by a strengthening dollar The New York Stock Exchange closed with no particular heading on Friday, in a market torn between better than expected indicators in the United States and a strengthening dollar: the Dow Jones gained 0.63% but the NASDAQ dropped 0.03%. According to final closing figures, the Dow Jones Industrial Average has risen by 65.67 points to 10 471.50 points, whereas the NASDAQ, with a technology predominance, fell by 0.55 point to 2 190.31 points. The wider Standard & Poor's 500 has itself advanced by 0.37% (4.06 points) to 1 106.41 points. Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the <t>case</t> until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=case%1:11:00:: | definition=an occurrence of something | synonyms=instance, example | examples=it was a case of bad judgment; another instance occurred yesterday
2. sense_key=case%1:26:00:: | definition=a special set of circumstances | synonyms=event | examples=in that event, the first possibility is excluded; it may rain in which case the picnic will be canceled
3. sense_key=case%1:04:00:: | definition=a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy | synonyms=lawsuit, suit, cause, causa | examples=the family brought suit against the landlord
4. sense_key=case%1:09:00:: | definition=the actual state of things | examples=that was not the case
5. sense_key=case%1:06:00:: | definition=a portable container for carrying several objects | examples=the musicians left their instrument cases backstage
6. sense_key=case%1:18:03:: | definition=a person requiring professional services | examples=a typical case was the suburban housewife described by a marriage counselor
7. sense_key=case%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who is subjected to experimental or other observational procedures; someone who is an object of investigation | synonyms=subject, guinea pig | examples=the subjects for this investigation were selected randomly; the cases that we studied were drawn from two different communities
8. sense_key=case%1:10:02:: | definition=a problem requiring investigation | examples=Perry Mason solved the case of the missing heir
9. sense_key=case%1:10:01:: | definition=a statement of facts and reasons used to support an argument | examples=he stated his case clearly
10. sense_key=case%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity contained in a case | synonyms=caseful
11. sense_key=case%1:10:00:: | definition=nouns or pronouns or adjectives (often marked by inflection) related in some way to other words in a sentence | synonyms=grammatical case
12. sense_key=case%1:26:02:: | definition=a specific state of mind that is temporary | examples=a case of the jitters
13. sense_key=case%1:18:04:: | definition=a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities) | synonyms=character, eccentric, type | examples=a real character; a strange character
14. sense_key=case%1:10:03:: | definition=a specific size and style of type within a type family | synonyms=font, fount, typeface, face
15. sense_key=case%1:08:00:: | definition=an enveloping structure or covering enclosing an animal or plant organ or part | synonyms=sheath
16. sense_key=case%1:06:06:: | definition=the housing or outer covering of something | synonyms=shell, casing | examples=the clock has a walnut case
17. sense_key=case%1:06:07:: | definition=the enclosing frame around a door or window opening | synonyms=casing | examples=the casings had rotted away and had to be replaced
18. sense_key=case%1:06:03:: | definition=(printing) the receptacle in which a compositor has his type, which is divided into compartments for the different letters, spaces, or numbers | synonyms=compositor's case, typesetter's case | examples=for English, a compositor will ordinarily have two such cases, the upper case containing the capitals and the lower case containing the small letters
19. sense_key=case%1:06:02:: | definition=bed linen consisting of a cover for a pillow | synonyms=pillowcase, slip, pillow slip | examples=the burglar carried his loot in a pillowcase
20. sense_key=case%1:06:01:: | definition=a glass container used to store and display items in a shop or museum or home | synonyms=display case, showcase, vitrine

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target word: "case"
    *   Context: "...trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the <t>case</t> until the end of the year."
    *   Meaning: The speaker is saying that the situation (weak trading volumes) will continue to be the actual state of things.

    *   1: an occurrence of something (instance, example)
    *   2: a special set of circumstances (event)
    *   3: legal proceeding (lawsuit)
    *   4: the actual state of things (example: "that was not the case")
    *   5: portable container
    *   6: person requiring professional services
    *   7: person subjected to experimental procedures
    *   8: problem requiring investigation
    *   9: statement of facts to support an argument
    *   10: quantity contained in a case
    *   11: grammatical case
    *   12: specific state of mind (jitters)
    *   13: person of a specified kind (eccentric)
    *   14: font/typeface
    *   15: enveloping structure (sheath)
    *   16: housing/outer covering (shell)
    *   17: frame around door/window
    *   18: printing receptacle
    *   19: pillowcase
    *   20: display case

    *   The phrase "remain the case" is a common idiom meaning "remain true" or "continue to be the actual state of things."
    *   Sense 4: "the actual state of things" with the example "that was not the case" fits perfectly.

    *   Sense 1 (occurrence/instance) is close but usually refers to a specific example of a general phenomenon.
    *   Sense 2 (special set of circumstances) is used in "in which case," but not usually as "remain the case."
    *   Sense 4 is the standard meaning for "this is the case" or "that is not the case."


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: end
Target surface form: end
Context:
Wall Street closes without momentum, slowed by a strengthening dollar The New York Stock Exchange closed with no particular heading on Friday, in a market torn between better than expected indicators in the United States and a strengthening dollar: the Dow Jones gained 0.63% but the NASDAQ dropped 0.03%. According to final closing figures, the Dow Jones Industrial Average has risen by 65.67 points to 10 471.50 points, whereas the NASDAQ, with a technology predominance, fell by 0.55 point to 2 190.31 points. The wider Standard & Poor's 500 has itself advanced by 0.37% (4.06 points) to 1 106.41 points. Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the <t>end</t> of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=end%1:15:00:: | definition=either extremity of something that has length | synonyms=terminal | examples=the end of the pier; she knotted the end of the thread
2. sense_key=end%1:28:00:: | definition=the point in time at which something ends | synonyms=ending | examples=the end of the year; the ending of warranty period
3. sense_key=end%1:11:00:: | definition=the concluding parts of an event or occurrence | synonyms=last, final stage | examples=the end was exciting; I had to miss the last of the movie
4. sense_key=end%1:09:02:: | definition=the state of affairs that a plan is intended to achieve and that (when achieved) terminates behavior intended to achieve it | synonyms=goal | examples=the ends justify the means
5. sense_key=end%1:09:00:: | definition=a final part or section | examples=we have given it at the end of the section since it involves the calculus; Start at the beginning and go on until you come to the end
6. sense_key=end%1:26:00:: | definition=a final state | synonyms=destruction, death | examples=he came to a bad end; the so-called glorious experiment came to an inglorious end
7. sense_key=end%1:15:02:: | definition=the surface at either extremity of a three-dimensional object | examples=one end of the box was marked `This side up'
8. sense_key=end%1:18:00:: | definition=(football) the person who plays at one end of the line of scrimmage | examples=the end managed to hold onto the pass
9. sense_key=end%1:15:01:: | definition=a boundary marking the extremities of something | examples=the end of town
10. sense_key=end%1:15:03:: | definition=one of two places from which people are communicating to each other | examples=the phone rang at the other end; both ends wrote at the same time
11. sense_key=end%1:04:00:: | definition=the part you are expected to play | examples=he held up his end
12. sense_key=end%1:10:00:: | definition=the last section of a communication | synonyms=conclusion, close, closing, ending | examples=in conclusion I want to say...
13. sense_key=end%1:06:02:: | definition=a piece of cloth that is left over after the rest has been used or sold | synonyms=remainder, remnant, oddment
14. sense_key=end%1:04:02:: | definition=(American football) a position on the line of scrimmage | examples=no one wanted to play end

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `end`
    *   Target surface form: `end`
    *   Context: "...trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the <t>end</t> of the year."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  Extremity of something with length (e.g., end of the pier).
        2.  The point in time at which something ends (e.g., the end of the year).
        3.  Concluding parts of an event or occurrence (e.g., the end was exciting).
        4.  Goal (e.g., the ends justify the means).
        5.  Final part or section (e.g., end of the section).
        6.  Final state (destruction, death).
        7.  Surface at extremity of 3D object.
        8.  Football player.
        9.  Boundary marking extremities (e.g., end of town).
        10. Communication place (e.g., other end of the phone).
        11. Part you are expected to play (e.g., held up his end).
        12. Last section of a communication.
        13. Piece of cloth left over.
        14. American football position.

    *   The phrase is "the end of the year".
    *   This refers to a specific point in time when the year finishes.

    *   Sense 2: "the point in time at which something ends | synonyms=ending | examples=the end of the year; the ending of warranty period"
    *   Sense 3: "the concluding parts of an event or occurrence | synonyms=last, final stage | examples=the end was exciting; I had to miss the last of the movie"
    *   Sense 5: "a final part or section | examples=we have given it at the end of the section..."

    *   Sense 2 explicitly lists "the end of the year" as an example.
    *   The context "until the end of the year" refers to the point in time when the year concludes.

    *   Sense 2 is the perfect match.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: year
Target surface form: year
Context:
Wall Street closes without momentum, slowed by a strengthening dollar The New York Stock Exchange closed with no particular heading on Friday, in a market torn between better than expected indicators in the United States and a strengthening dollar: the Dow Jones gained 0.63% but the NASDAQ dropped 0.03%. According to final closing figures, the Dow Jones Industrial Average has risen by 65.67 points to 10 471.50 points, whereas the NASDAQ, with a technology predominance, fell by 0.55 point to 2 190.31 points. The wider Standard & Poor's 500 has itself advanced by 0.37% (4.06 points) to 1 106.41 points. Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the <t>year</t>. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=year%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days | synonyms=twelvemonth, yr | examples=she is 4 years old; in the year 1920
2. sense_key=year%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity | examples=a school year
3. sense_key=year%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun | examples=a Martian year takes 687 of our days
4. sense_key=year%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who graduate together | synonyms=class | examples=the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `year`
    *   Target surface form: `year`
    *   Context: "...trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the <t>year</t>."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `year%1:28:01::`: a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days (calendar year).
        2.  `year%1:28:02::`: a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity (e.g., school year).
        3.  `year%1:28:00::`: the period of time it takes for a planet to revolve around the sun (astronomical year).
        4.  `year%1:14:00::`: a body of students who graduate together (class).

    *   The sentence is about stock market trends and trading volumes.
    *   The phrase "until the end of the year" refers to the end of the current calendar year.

    *   Sense 1: 365/366 days (calendar year). This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: A specific part of a calendar year for an activity (e.g., school year). Not applicable here.
    *   Sense 3: Astronomical revolution. Not applicable here.
    *   Sense 4: Graduating class. Not applicable here.

    *   The context "until the end of the year" in a financial news report refers to the calendar year. Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: trend
Target surface form: trend
Context:
The New York Stock Exchange closed with no particular heading on Friday, in a market torn between better than expected indicators in the United States and a strengthening dollar: the Dow Jones gained 0.63% but the NASDAQ dropped 0.03%. According to final closing figures, the Dow Jones Industrial Average has risen by 65.67 points to 10 471.50 points, whereas the NASDAQ, with a technology predominance, fell by 0.55 point to 2 190.31 points. The wider Standard & Poor's 500 has itself advanced by 0.37% (4.06 points) to 1 106.41 points. Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The <t>trend</t> was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=trend%1:15:02:: | definition=a general direction in which something tends to move | synonyms=tendency | examples=the shoreward tendency of the current; the trend of the stock market
2. sense_key=trend%1:15:01:: | definition=general line of orientation | synonyms=course | examples=the river takes a southern course; the northeastern trend of the coast
3. sense_key=trend%1:09:00:: | definition=a general tendency to change (as of opinion) | synonyms=drift, movement | examples=not openly liberal but that is the trend of the book; a broad movement of the electorate to the right
4. sense_key=trend%1:09:02:: | definition=the popular taste at a given time | synonyms=vogue, style | examples=leather is the latest vogue; he followed current trends

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "trend"
    *   Context: A financial report about the New York Stock Exchange. The sentence is: "The <t>trend</t> was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators..."
    *   Surrounding context: Mentions of the Dow Jones, NASDAQ, S&P 500, market opinion, economic recovery, and retail sales.

    *   Sense 1: "a general direction in which something tends to move" (Synonym: tendency; Example: "the trend of the stock market").
    *   Sense 2: "general line of orientation" (Synonym: course; Example: "the northeastern trend of the coast").
    *   Sense 3: "a general tendency to change (as of opinion)" (Synonym: drift, movement; Example: "a broad movement of the electorate to the right").
    *   Sense 4: "the popular taste at a given time" (Synonym: vogue, style; Example: "leather is the latest vogue").

    *   The context is explicitly about the stock market and economic indicators.
    *   The sentence says "The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators".
    *   Sense 1 specifically lists "the trend of the stock market" as an example.
    *   Sense 2 is about physical orientation (geography).
    *   Sense 3 is about shifts in opinion or political movement.
    *   Sense 4 is about fashion/style.

    *   Sense 1 is the perfect fit. It describes the general direction of movement in a market.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: publication
Target surface form: publication
Context:
The New York Stock Exchange closed with no particular heading on Friday, in a market torn between better than expected indicators in the United States and a strengthening dollar: the Dow Jones gained 0.63% but the NASDAQ dropped 0.03%. According to final closing figures, the Dow Jones Industrial Average has risen by 65.67 points to 10 471.50 points, whereas the NASDAQ, with a technology predominance, fell by 0.55 point to 2 190.31 points. The wider Standard & Poor's 500 has itself advanced by 0.37% (4.06 points) to 1 106.41 points. Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the <t>publication</t> of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=publication%1:10:00:: | definition=a copy of a printed work offered for distribution
2. sense_key=publication%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of issuing printed materials | synonyms=issue
3. sense_key=publication%1:04:02:: | definition=the communication of something to the public; making information generally known
4. sense_key=publication%1:04:00:: | definition=the business of issuing printed matter for sale or distribution | synonyms=publishing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `publication`
    *   Target surface form: `publication`
    *   Context: "The trend was supported by the <t>publication</t> of better than expected economic indicators..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `publication%1:10:00::`: a copy of a printed work offered for distribution (e.g., a book, a magazine).
        2.  `publication%1:04:01::`: the act of issuing printed materials (e.g., publishing a book).
        3.  `publication%1:04:02::`: the communication of something to the public; making information generally known.
        4.  `publication%1:04:00::`: the business of issuing printed matter for sale or distribution (the industry).

    *   The sentence says "the publication of better than expected economic indicators".
    *   Economic indicators are data/information.
    *   When economic indicators are "published", it means the data is released or made public.
    *   Is it a "copy of a printed work" (Sense 1)? No.
    *   Is it the "act of issuing printed materials" (Sense 2)? While indicators might be printed, the core meaning here is the release of information.
    *   Is it the "communication of something to the public; making information generally known" (Sense 3)? Yes, this fits perfectly. The release of economic data is the act of making that information known to the public/market.
    *   Is it the "business of issuing printed matter" (Sense 4)? No.

    *   Sense 2 focuses on the physical act of printing/issuing materials.
    *   Sense 3 focuses on the act of making information known.
    *   Economic indicators are information. Their "publication" is the act of releasing that information to the public.

    *   Sense 3 is the most accurate description of releasing economic data.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: indicator
Target surface form: indicators
Context:
The New York Stock Exchange closed with no particular heading on Friday, in a market torn between better than expected indicators in the United States and a strengthening dollar: the Dow Jones gained 0.63% but the NASDAQ dropped 0.03%. According to final closing figures, the Dow Jones Industrial Average has risen by 65.67 points to 10 471.50 points, whereas the NASDAQ, with a technology predominance, fell by 0.55 point to 2 190.31 points. The wider Standard & Poor's 500 has itself advanced by 0.37% (4.06 points) to 1 106.41 points. Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic <t>indicators</t>, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=indicator%1:10:00:: | definition=a number or ratio (a value on a scale of measurement) derived from a series of observed facts; can reveal relative changes as a function of time | synonyms=index, index number, indicant
2. sense_key=indicator%1:10:01:: | definition=a signal for attracting attention
3. sense_key=indicator%1:06:00:: | definition=a device for showing the operating condition of some system
4. sense_key=indicator%1:27:00:: | definition=(chemistry) a substance that changes color to indicate the presence of some ion or substance; can be used to indicate the completion of a chemical reaction or (in medicine) to test for a particular reaction

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `indicator`
    *   Target surface form: `indicators`
    *   Context: "The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic <t>indicators</t>, which 'have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery'..."
    *   Other context clues: "retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November", "New York Stock Exchange", "market torn between better than expected indicators in the United States".

    *   Sense 1: `indicator%1:10:00::` - a number or ratio (a value on a scale of measurement) derived from a series of observed facts; can reveal relative changes as a function of time. Synonyms: index, index number, indicant.
    *   Sense 2: `indicator%1:10:01::` - a signal for attracting attention.
    *   Sense 3: `indicator%1:06:00::` - a device for showing the operating condition of some system.
    *   Sense 4: `indicator%1:27:00::` - (chemistry) a substance that changes color...

    *   The context refers to "economic indicators" and mentions "retail sales have increased by 1.3%".
    *   Economic indicators are statistical measures (numbers/ratios) used to gauge the health of an economy.
    *   This matches Sense 1 perfectly ("a number or ratio... derived from a series of observed facts; can reveal relative changes as a function of time").

    *   Sense 1: Economic data/indices. (Correct)
    *   Sense 2: Signal/Attention. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 3: Device/Gauge. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 4: Chemical substance. (Incorrect)


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: market
Target surface form: market
Context:
The New York Stock Exchange closed with no particular heading on Friday, in a market torn between better than expected indicators in the United States and a strengthening dollar: the Dow Jones gained 0.63% but the NASDAQ dropped 0.03%. According to final closing figures, the Dow Jones Industrial Average has risen by 65.67 points to 10 471.50 points, whereas the NASDAQ, with a technology predominance, fell by 0.55 point to 2 190.31 points. The wider Standard & Poor's 500 has itself advanced by 0.37% (4.06 points) to 1 106.41 points. Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving <t>market</t> opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=market%1:04:00:: | definition=the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold | synonyms=marketplace | examples=without competition there would be no market; they were driven from the marketplace
2. sense_key=market%1:14:00:: | definition=the customers for a particular product or service | examples=before they publish any book they try to determine the size of the market for it
3. sense_key=market%1:06:00:: | definition=a marketplace where groceries are sold | synonyms=grocery store, grocery, food market | examples=the grocery store included a meat market
4. sense_key=market%1:14:01:: | definition=the securities markets in the aggregate | synonyms=securities industry | examples=the market always frustrates the small investor
5. sense_key=market%1:06:01:: | definition=an area in a town where a public mercantile establishment is set up | synonyms=marketplace, mart

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `market`
    *   Target surface form: `market`
    *   Context: "The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which 'have contributed to improving <t>market</t> opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery', summarised Charles Schwab's analysts."
    *   Broader context: The text discusses the New York Stock Exchange, Dow Jones, NASDAQ, S&P 500, trading volumes, and economic indicators.

    *   Sense 1: `market%1:04:00::` - the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold (general marketplace).
    *   Sense 2: `market%1:14:00::` - the customers for a particular product or service (target audience).
    *   Sense 3: `market%1:06:00::` - a marketplace where groceries are sold (grocery store).
    *   Sense 4: `market%1:14:01::` - the securities markets in the aggregate (stock market/securities industry).
    *   Sense 5: `market%1:06:01::` - an area in a town where a public mercantile establishment is set up (physical marketplace).

    *   The context is explicitly about the stock market (NYSE, Dow Jones, NASDAQ, S&P 500).
    *   The phrase "market opinion" in this context refers to the collective sentiment of investors in the securities market.
    *   Sense 4 specifically refers to "the securities markets in the aggregate" and gives the example "the market always frustrates the small investor," which aligns perfectly with the financial context of the passage.

    *   Sense 1 is too general.
    *   Sense 2 is about customers for a product.
    *   Sense 3 is about groceries.
    *   Sense 5 is about a physical location in a town.
    *   Sense 4 is the precise fit for financial/securities markets.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: relation
Target surface form: relation
Context:
The New York Stock Exchange closed with no particular heading on Friday, in a market torn between better than expected indicators in the United States and a strengthening dollar: the Dow Jones gained 0.63% but the NASDAQ dropped 0.03%. According to final closing figures, the Dow Jones Industrial Average has risen by 65.67 points to 10 471.50 points, whereas the NASDAQ, with a technology predominance, fell by 0.55 point to 2 190.31 points. The wider Standard & Poor's 500 has itself advanced by 0.37% (4.06 points) to 1 106.41 points. Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in <t>relation</t> to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=relation%1:03:00:: | definition=an abstraction belonging to or characteristic of two entities or parts together
2. sense_key=relation%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of sexual procreation between a man and a woman; the man's penis is inserted into the woman's vagina and excited until orgasm and ejaculation occur | synonyms=sexual intercourse, intercourse, sex act, copulation, coitus, coition
3. sense_key=relation%1:18:00:: | definition=a person related by blood or marriage | synonyms=relative | examples=police are searching for relatives of the deceased; he has distant relations back in New Jersey
4. sense_key=relation%1:10:01:: | definition=an act of narration | synonyms=telling, recounting | examples=he was the hero according to his own relation; his endless recounting of the incident eventually became unbearable
5. sense_key=relation%1:09:00:: | definition=(law) the principle that an act done at a later time is deemed by law to have occurred at an earlier time | synonyms=relation back | examples=his attorney argued for the relation back of the amended complaint to the time the initial complaint was filed
6. sense_key=relation%1:04:00:: | definition=(usually plural) mutual dealings or connections among persons or groups | examples=international relations

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `relation`
    *   Target surface form: `relation`
    *   Context: "...which 'have contributed to improving market opinion in <t>relation</t> to the robustness of the economic recovery', summarised Charles Schwab's analysts."

    *   Sense 1: `relation%1:03:00::` - an abstraction belonging to or characteristic of two entities or parts together (General connection/relationship).
    *   Sense 2: `relation%1:04:01::` - sexual procreation (Irrelevant).
    *   Sense 3: `relation%1:18:00::` - a person related by blood or marriage (Irrelevant).
    *   Sense 4: `relation%1:10:01::` - an act of narration (Irrelevant).
    *   Sense 5: `relation%1:09:00::` - (law) principle of relation back (Irrelevant).
    *   Sense 6: `relation%1:04:00::` - (usually plural) mutual dealings or connections among persons or groups (e.g., international relations) (Irrelevant).

    *   The phrase is "in relation to".
    *   "In relation to" is a common idiom meaning "regarding", "concerning", or "with respect to".
    *   Looking at the senses provided:
        *   Sense 1: "an abstraction belonging to or characteristic of two entities or parts together". This is the most general sense of "relation" (the state of being related).
        *   Sense 6: "mutual dealings or connections among persons or groups". This is more about social/political interactions.

    *   "Improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery."
    *   Here, "in relation to" connects "market opinion" and "the robustness of the economic recovery". It describes the connection or the aspect being considered.
    *   Sense 1 is the broad definition of a connection or relationship between two things.

    *   Sense 1: General connection/abstraction between two entities.
    *   Sense 6: Social/political dealings.
    *   The context is economic/financial, not social/political dealings between groups.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: recovery
Target surface form: recovery
Context:
The New York Stock Exchange closed with no particular heading on Friday, in a market torn between better than expected indicators in the United States and a strengthening dollar: the Dow Jones gained 0.63% but the NASDAQ dropped 0.03%. According to final closing figures, the Dow Jones Industrial Average has risen by 65.67 points to 10 471.50 points, whereas the NASDAQ, with a technology predominance, fell by 0.55 point to 2 190.31 points. The wider Standard & Poor's 500 has itself advanced by 0.37% (4.06 points) to 1 106.41 points. Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic <t>recovery</t>", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=recovery%1:11:00:: | definition=return to an original state | examples=the recovery of the forest after the fire was surprisingly rapid
2. sense_key=recovery%1:22:00:: | definition=gradual healing (through rest) after sickness or injury | synonyms=convalescence, recuperation
3. sense_key=recovery%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of regaining or saving something lost (or in danger of becoming lost) | synonyms=retrieval

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `recovery`
    *   Target surface form: `recovery`
    *   Context: "...improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic <t>recovery</t>..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `recovery%1:11:00::`: return to an original state (e.g., forest after fire).
        2.  `recovery%1:22:00::`: gradual healing after sickness or injury (convalescence).
        3.  `recovery%1:04:00::`: the act of regaining or saving something lost (retrieval).

    *   The phrase is "economic recovery".
    *   In economics, a "recovery" refers to the period after a recession when the economy returns to its previous level of growth or stability.
    *   Sense 1: "return to an original state". This fits the concept of an economy returning to its pre-recession state.
    *   Sense 2: "gradual healing... after sickness or injury". This is biological/medical. While "economic health" is a metaphor, the sense is specifically for sickness/injury.
    *   Sense 3: "the act of regaining or saving something lost". This usually refers to physical objects (retrieval) or specific lost items.

    *   Sense 1 (return to an original state) is the standard definition for an economic recovery (returning to a state of growth/stability).
    *   Sense 2 is too literal (medical).
    *   Sense 3 is about retrieval.

    *   Sense 1: "return to an original state" -> Economic recovery is the return of the economy to its previous state of health/growth.

    *   Sense 1: return to an original state.
    *   Sense 2: healing after sickness.
    *   Sense 3: regaining something lost.
    *   "Economic recovery" fits Sense 1 best.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: analyst
Target surface form: analysts
Context:
The New York Stock Exchange closed with no particular heading on Friday, in a market torn between better than expected indicators in the United States and a strengthening dollar: the Dow Jones gained 0.63% but the NASDAQ dropped 0.03%. According to final closing figures, the Dow Jones Industrial Average has risen by 65.67 points to 10 471.50 points, whereas the NASDAQ, with a technology predominance, fell by 0.55 point to 2 190.31 points. The wider Standard & Poor's 500 has itself advanced by 0.37% (4.06 points) to 1 106.41 points. Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's <t>analysts</t>. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=analyst%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is skilled at analyzing data
2. sense_key=analyst%1:18:02:: | definition=an expert who studies financial data (on credit or securities or sales or financial patterns etc.) and recommends appropriate business actions
3. sense_key=analyst%1:18:01:: | definition=a licensed practitioner of psychoanalysis | synonyms=psychoanalyst

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `analyst`
    *   Target surface form: `analysts`
    *   Context: A financial report about the New York Stock Exchange, Dow Jones, NASDAQ, S&P 500, and economic indicators. Specifically, "summarised Charles Schwab's <t>analysts</t>."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `analyst%1:18:00::`: someone who is skilled at analyzing data (general).
        2.  `analyst%1:18:02::`: an expert who studies financial data (on credit or securities or sales or financial patterns etc.) and recommends appropriate business actions (financial analyst).
        3.  `analyst%1:18:01::`: a licensed practitioner of psychoanalysis (psychoanalyst).

    *   The context is entirely about the stock market, economic indicators, and a financial services company (Charles Schwab).
    *   "Charles Schwab's analysts" refers to the people at Charles Schwab who analyze market trends and economic data to provide insights or recommendations.

    *   Sense 1 is too general.
    *   Sense 2 specifically mentions "financial data (on credit or securities or sales or financial patterns etc.)", which fits perfectly with the context of the stock market and Charles Schwab.
    *   Sense 3 is completely irrelevant (psychoanalysis).

    *   Sense 2 is the most precise and accurate fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: united_states
Target surface form: United States
Context:
According to final closing figures, the Dow Jones Industrial Average has risen by 65.67 points to 10 471.50 points, whereas the NASDAQ, with a technology predominance, fell by 0.55 point to 2 190.31 points. The wider Standard & Poor's 500 has itself advanced by 0.37% (4.06 points) to 1 106.41 points. Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the <t>United States</t>, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=united_states%1:15:00:: | definition=North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776 | synonyms=United States of America, America, the States, US, USA
2. sense_key=united_states%1:14:00:: | definition=the executive and legislative and judicial branches of the federal government of the United States | synonyms=United States government, U.S. government, U.S.

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `united_states`
    *   Target surface form: `United States`
    *   Context: "In the <t>United States</t>, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `united_states%1:15:00::`: North American republic containing 50 states... (The country/geographic/political entity).
        2.  `united_states%1:14:00::`: The executive and legislative and judicial branches of the federal government... (The government).

    *   The sentence is: "In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November..."
    *   "Retail sales" occur within a country/geographic region, not within the government branches.
    *   The context discusses economic indicators (Dow Jones, NASDAQ, S&P 500, retail sales, consumer confidence) related to the country's economy.

    *   Sense 1 refers to the country (the republic).
    *   Sense 2 refers to the federal government.
    *   Retail sales happen in the country, not the government.

    *   Sense 1 is the correct fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: month
Target surface form: month
Context:
According to final closing figures, the Dow Jones Industrial Average has risen by 65.67 points to 10 471.50 points, whereas the NASDAQ, with a technology predominance, fell by 0.55 point to 2 190.31 points. The wider Standard & Poor's 500 has itself advanced by 0.37% (4.06 points) to 1 106.41 points. Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second <t>month</t> in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=month%1:28:01:: | definition=one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year | synonyms=calendar month | examples=he paid the bill last month
2. sense_key=month%1:28:00:: | definition=a time unit of approximately 30 days | examples=he was given a month to pay the bill

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "month"
    *   Target surface form: "month"
    *   Context: "...retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second <t>month</t> in a row..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `month%1:28:01::`: one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year (calendar month).
        2.  `month%1:28:00::`: a time unit of approximately 30 days.

    *   The sentence says "retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row".
    *   "November" is explicitly mentioned.
    *   "The second month in a row" refers to a sequence of calendar months (likely October and November).
    *   This refers to the calendar division of the year, not just any 30-day period.

    *   Sense 1: "one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year" (calendar month). This fits perfectly because it's linked to "November".
    *   Sense 2: "a time unit of approximately 30 days". This is a more general duration of time.

    *   The context refers to specific calendar months (November and the one preceding it). Therefore, Sense 1 is the most accurate.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: row
Target surface form: row
Context:
According to final closing figures, the Dow Jones Industrial Average has risen by 65.67 points to 10 471.50 points, whereas the NASDAQ, with a technology predominance, fell by 0.55 point to 2 190.31 points. The wider Standard & Poor's 500 has itself advanced by 0.37% (4.06 points) to 1 106.41 points. Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a <t>row</t>, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=row%1:14:00:: | definition=an arrangement of objects or people side by side in a line | examples=a row of chairs
2. sense_key=row%1:10:00:: | definition=an angry dispute | synonyms=quarrel, wrangle, words, run-in, dustup | examples=they had a quarrel; they had words
3. sense_key=row%1:17:00:: | definition=a long continuous strip (usually running horizontally) | examples=a mackerel sky filled with rows of clouds; rows of barbed wire protected the trenches
4. sense_key=row%1:06:00:: | definition=(construction) a layer of masonry | synonyms=course | examples=a course of bricks
5. sense_key=row%1:14:01:: | definition=a linear array of numbers, letters, or symbols side by side
6. sense_key=row%1:07:00:: | definition=a continuous chronological succession without an interruption | examples=they won the championship three years in a row
7. sense_key=row%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of rowing as a sport | synonyms=rowing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 6}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 6}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `row`
    *   Target surface form: `row`
    *   Context: "...retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a <t>row</t>, and far more than predicted."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `row%1:14:00::`: arrangement of objects/people side by side.
        2.  `row%1:10:00::`: angry dispute.
        3.  `row%1:17:00::`: long continuous strip.
        4.  `row%1:06:00::`: layer of masonry.
        5.  `row%1:14:01::`: linear array of numbers/letters/symbols.
        6.  `row%1:07:00::`: continuous chronological succession without an interruption (Example: "they won the championship three years in a row").
        7.  `row%1:04:00::`: act of rowing as a sport.

    *   The phrase is "for the second month in a row".
    *   This means the increase happened in November and also in the month immediately preceding it (October).
    *   This describes a chronological sequence of events happening consecutively.

    *   Sense 6: "a continuous chronological succession without an interruption" with the example "they won the championship three years in a row". This matches the context perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: confidence
Target surface form: confidence
Context:
The wider Standard & Poor's 500 has itself advanced by 0.37% (4.06 points) to 1 106.41 points. Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the <t>confidence</t> of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=confidence%1:09:00:: | definition=freedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities | synonyms=assurance, self-assurance, self-confidence, authority, sureness | examples=his assurance in his superiority did not make him popular; after that failure he lost his confidence
2. sense_key=confidence%1:12:00:: | definition=a feeling of trust (in someone or something) | examples=I have confidence in our team; confidence is always borrowed, never owned
3. sense_key=confidence%1:26:02:: | definition=a state of confident hopefulness that events will be favorable | examples=public confidence in the economy
4. sense_key=confidence%1:26:03:: | definition=a trustful relationship | synonyms=trust | examples=he took me into his confidence; he betrayed their trust
5. sense_key=confidence%1:10:00:: | definition=a secret that is confided or entrusted to another | examples=everyone trusted him with their confidences; the priest could not reveal her confidences

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `confidence`
    *   Target surface form: `confidence`
    *   Context: "Moreover, the <t>confidence</t> of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index."
    *   Key phrases: "confidence of American consumers", "bounced back", "Michigan University's index".

    *   Sense 1: freedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities (self-confidence).
    *   Sense 2: a feeling of trust (in someone or something).
    *   Sense 3: a state of confident hopefulness that events will be favorable (e.g., "public confidence in the economy").
    *   Sense 4: a trustful relationship (e.g., "took me into his confidence").
    *   Sense 5: a secret that is confided or entrusted to another.

    *   The context refers to "consumer confidence," a standard economic indicator (specifically mentioning the Michigan University's index).
    *   This refers to the general feeling of consumers about the state of the economy and their expectations for the future.
    *   Sense 3 ("a state of confident hopefulness that events will be favorable") specifically lists "public confidence in the economy" as an example. This matches the context perfectly.

    *   Sense 1 is about self-assurance.
    *   Sense 2 is about trust in a specific entity.
    *   Sense 4 is about a relationship of trust.
    *   Sense 5 is about secrets.
    *   Sense 3 is about economic/future outlook.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: month
Target surface form: month
Context:
The wider Standard & Poor's 500 has itself advanced by 0.37% (4.06 points) to 1 106.41 points. Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous <t>month</t>, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=month%1:28:01:: | definition=one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year | synonyms=calendar month | examples=he paid the bill last month
2. sense_key=month%1:28:00:: | definition=a time unit of approximately 30 days | examples=he was given a month to pay the bill

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `month`
    *   Target surface form: `month`
    *   Context: "...the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous <t>month</t>, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `month%1:28:01::`: one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year (calendar month). Example: "he paid the bill last month".
        2.  `month%1:28:00::`: a time unit of approximately 30 days. Example: "he was given a month to pay the bill".

    *   The sentence mentions "December" and compares a value (73.4) to a value from "the previous month" (67.4).
    *   "The previous month" relative to December is November.
    *   This refers to a specific division of the calendar year (November), not just any 30-day period.

    *   Sense 1: Calendar month (division of the year).
    *   Sense 2: Duration of ~30 days.
    *   The context "the previous month" in relation to "December" clearly points to the calendar month of November.

    *   Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: estimate
Target surface form: estimates
Context:
The wider Standard & Poor's 500 has itself advanced by 0.37% (4.06 points) to 1 106.41 points. Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary <t>estimates</t> from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=estimate%1:09:00:: | definition=an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth | synonyms=estimation, approximation, idea | examples=an estimate of what it would cost; a rough idea how long it would take
2. sense_key=estimate%1:04:01:: | definition=a judgment of the qualities of something or somebody | synonyms=estimation | examples=many factors are involved in any estimate of human life; in my estimation the boy is innocent
3. sense_key=estimate%1:10:00:: | definition=a document appraising the value of something (as for insurance or taxation) | synonyms=appraisal, estimation
4. sense_key=estimate%1:10:01:: | definition=a statement indicating the likely cost of some job | examples=he got an estimate from the car repair shop
5. sense_key=estimate%1:09:01:: | definition=the respect with which a person is held | synonyms=estimation | examples=they had a high estimation of his ability

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `estimate`
    *   Target surface form: `estimates`
    *   Context: "...the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary <t>estimates</t> from Michigan University's index."

    *   Sense 1: `estimate%1:09:00::` - an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth (synonyms: estimation, approximation, idea).
    *   Sense 2: `estimate%1:04:01::` - a judgment of the qualities of something or somebody (synonyms: estimation).
    *   Sense 3: `estimate%1:10:00::` - a document appraising the value of something (as for insurance or taxation) (synonyms: appraisal, estimation).
    *   Sense 4: `estimate%1:10:01::` - a statement indicating the likely cost of some job.
    *   Sense 5: `estimate%1:09:01::` - the respect with which a person is held (synonyms: estimation).

    *   The context refers to "preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index" regarding consumer confidence numbers (73.4 vs 67.4).
    *   These numbers are approximate calculations of a degree (consumer confidence) based on data.
    *   It is not a judgment of quality (Sense 2), a formal appraisal document for insurance/tax (Sense 3), a cost quote for a job (Sense 4), or respect for a person (Sense 5).
    *   It fits Sense 1: "an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth".

    *   Sense 1: Approximate calculation of quantity/degree. (Fits perfectly: consumer confidence index values).
    *   Sense 2: Judgment of qualities. (Less fitting than a numerical calculation).
    *   Sense 3: Appraisal document. (Too specific to insurance/taxation).
    *   Sense 4: Cost of a job. (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 5: Respect. (Incorrect).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: index
Target surface form: index
Context:
The wider Standard & Poor's 500 has itself advanced by 0.37% (4.06 points) to 1 106.41 points. Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's <t>index</t>. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=index%1:24:00:: | definition=a numerical scale used to compare variables with one another or with some reference number
2. sense_key=index%1:10:01:: | definition=a number or ratio (a value on a scale of measurement) derived from a series of observed facts; can reveal relative changes as a function of time | synonyms=index number, indicant, indicator
3. sense_key=index%1:10:02:: | definition=a mathematical notation indicating the number of times a quantity is multiplied by itself | synonyms=exponent, power
4. sense_key=index%1:10:00:: | definition=an alphabetical listing of names and topics along with page numbers where they are discussed
5. sense_key=index%1:08:00:: | definition=the finger next to the thumb | synonyms=index finger, forefinger

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `index`
    *   Target surface form: `index`
    *   Context: "...according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's <t>index</t>."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses the S&P 500, market trends, economic indicators, retail sales, and consumer confidence. Specifically, it mentions "the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index."

    *   Sense 1: `a numerical scale used to compare variables with one another or with some reference number`
    *   Sense 2: `a number or ratio (a value on a scale of measurement) derived from a series of observed facts; can reveal relative changes as a function of time` (Synonyms: index number, indicant, indicator)
    *   Sense 3: `a mathematical notation indicating the number of times a quantity is multiplied by itself` (Synonyms: exponent, power)
    *   Sense 4: `an alphabetical listing of names and topics along with page numbers where they are discussed`
    *   Sense 5: `the finger next to the thumb` (Synonyms: index finger, forefinger)

    *   The context refers to the "Michigan University's index" which provides a value (73.4 against 67.4) representing consumer confidence.
    *   This is a statistical measure derived from observed facts (surveys of consumers) to show changes over time.
    *   Sense 1 describes the *scale* itself.
    *   Sense 2 describes the *number or ratio* derived from facts to reveal relative changes.
    *   In financial and economic contexts, a "consumer confidence index" is typically viewed as a statistical indicator (Sense 2).
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 1 vs Sense 2.
        *   Sense 1: "a numerical scale used to compare variables..."
        *   Sense 2: "a number or ratio... derived from a series of observed facts; can reveal relative changes as a function of time"
    *   The "Michigan University's index" is the tool/measure used to produce the numbers 73.4 and 67.4.
    *   Looking at the synonyms for Sense 2: "index number, indicant, indicator". The text explicitly mentions "economic indicators" earlier: "The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators".
    *   The "index" here is the indicator itself.

    *   Sense 1 is more about the *system* of measurement (the scale).
    *   Sense 2 is more about the *statistical measure* (the indicator).
    *   The University of Michigan Consumer Sentiment Index is a well-known economic indicator.
    *   Comparing the two, Sense 2 fits the "economic indicator" usage perfectly.

    *   Sense 1: Numerical scale.
    *   Sense 2: Number/ratio derived from facts (indicator).
    *   The context "Michigan University's index" refers to the specific statistical measure used to track consumer confidence. This aligns best with Sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: index
Target surface form: indices
Context:
Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The <t>indices</t> have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology securities have thereby lost some ground.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=index%1:24:00:: | definition=a numerical scale used to compare variables with one another or with some reference number
2. sense_key=index%1:10:01:: | definition=a number or ratio (a value on a scale of measurement) derived from a series of observed facts; can reveal relative changes as a function of time | synonyms=index number, indicant, indicator
3. sense_key=index%1:10:02:: | definition=a mathematical notation indicating the number of times a quantity is multiplied by itself | synonyms=exponent, power
4. sense_key=index%1:10:00:: | definition=an alphabetical listing of names and topics along with page numbers where they are discussed
5. sense_key=index%1:08:00:: | definition=the finger next to the thumb | synonyms=index finger, forefinger

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `index`
    *   Target surface form: `indices`
    *   Context: The text discusses market trends, economic indicators, retail sales, consumer confidence (Michigan University's index), and the impact of the dollar's rise on "the indices".
    *   Sentence: "The <t>indices</t> have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar..."

    *   Sense 1: `a numerical scale used to compare variables with one another or with some reference number`
    *   Sense 2: `a number or ratio (a value on a scale of measurement) derived from a series of observed facts; can reveal relative changes as a function of time` (Synonyms: index number, indicant, indicator)
    *   Sense 3: `a mathematical notation indicating the number of times a quantity is multiplied by itself` (Synonyms: exponent, power)
    *   Sense 4: `an alphabetical listing of names and topics along with page numbers where they are discussed`
    *   Sense 5: `the finger next to the thumb` (Synonyms: index finger, forefinger)

    *   The context is financial/economic.
    *   It mentions "economic indicators" and "Michigan University's index".
    *   "The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar..."
    *   In a financial context, "indices" (plural of index) usually refers to stock market indices (like the S&P 500, Dow Jones, etc.) or economic indices.
    *   Sense 1 describes the *scale* itself.
    *   Sense 2 describes the *number or ratio* derived from facts, often used to show changes over time (like an index number or indicator).
    *   Looking at the context: "The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators... Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed..."
    *   The "indices" here refer to the values/indicators tracking the market or economy.
    *   Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 2:
        *   Sense 1: "a numerical scale used to compare variables"
        *   Sense 2: "a number or ratio... derived from a series of observed facts; can reveal relative changes as a function of time" (Synonyms: index number, indicator).
    *   The text explicitly mentions "economic indicators" just before. Sense 2 lists "indicator" as a synonym.
    *   In financial reporting, "the indices" typically refers to the index numbers (the values of the stock indices).

    *   Sense 1 is the *system* of measurement.
    *   Sense 2 is the *value* or the *indicator* itself.
    *   Given the synonym "indicator" in Sense 2 and the phrase "economic indicators" in the text, Sense 2 is the strongest fit.

    *   Sense 1: Scale.
    *   Sense 2: Number/Ratio/Indicator.
    *   Sense 3: Exponent.
    *   Sense 4: Book index.
    *   Sense 5: Finger.
    *   The context is clearly about economic/market indicators. Sense 2 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rise
Target surface form: rise
Context:
Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed <t>rise</t> of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology securities have thereby lost some ground.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rise%1:11:00:: | definition=a growth in strength or number or importance
2. sense_key=rise%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of changing location in an upward direction | synonyms=ascent, ascension, ascending
3. sense_key=rise%1:17:00:: | definition=an upward slope or grade (as in a road) | synonyms=ascent, acclivity, raise, climb, upgrade | examples=the car couldn't make it up the rise
4. sense_key=rise%1:11:02:: | definition=a movement upward | synonyms=rising, ascent, ascension | examples=they cheered the rise of the hot-air balloon
5. sense_key=rise%1:07:02:: | definition=the amount a salary is increased | synonyms=raise, wage hike, hike, wage increase, salary increase | examples=he got a 3% raise; he got a wage hike
6. sense_key=rise%1:07:01:: | definition=the property possessed by a slope or surface that rises | synonyms=upgrade, rising slope
7. sense_key=rise%1:11:01:: | definition=a wave that lifts the surface of the water or ground | synonyms=lift
8. sense_key=rise%1:11:03:: | definition=(theology) the origination of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost | synonyms=emanation, procession | examples=the emanation of the Holy Spirit; the rising of the Holy Ghost
9. sense_key=rise%1:07:03:: | definition=an increase in cost | synonyms=boost, hike, cost increase | examples=they asked for a 10% rise in rates
10. sense_key=rise%1:04:01:: | definition=increase in price or value | synonyms=advance | examples=the news caused a general advance on the stock market

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 10}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 10}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `rise`
    *   Target surface form: `rise`
    *   Context: "...The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed <t>rise</t> of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro..."
    *   Meaning: The value of the dollar increased relative to the Euro.

    *   1: growth in strength or number or importance (e.g., rise of an empire)
    *   2: act of changing location in an upward direction (e.g., rising from a chair)
    *   3: upward slope or grade (e.g., a hill)
    *   4: movement upward (e.g., hot-air balloon)
    *   5: amount a salary is increased (e.g., pay raise)
    *   6: property possessed by a slope or surface that rises
    *   7: wave that lifts the surface of the water or ground
    *   8: (theology) origination of the Holy Spirit
    *   9: increase in cost (e.g., rates)
    *   10: increase in price or value (e.g., stock market advance)

    *   The context is about the "rise of the dollar" against the Euro.
    *   This refers to the exchange rate, which is the *value* of one currency relative to another.
    *   Sense 10 specifically mentions "increase in price or value" and gives the example of the "stock market." Currency exchange rates are a form of value/price.
    *   Sense 9 mentions "increase in cost" (like rates), but "rise of the dollar" is more about the value of the currency itself.
    *   Sense 1 is about strength/number/importance, which is close, but Sense 10 is more precise for financial value.

    *   Sense 10: "increase in price or value" | synonyms=advance | examples=the news caused a general advance on the stock market.
    *   The dollar's value increased. This fits perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dollar
Target surface form: dollar
Context:
Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the <t>dollar</t>, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology securities have thereby lost some ground.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dollar%1:23:00:: | definition=the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents
2. sense_key=dollar%1:21:00:: | definition=a piece of paper money worth one dollar | synonyms=dollar bill, one dollar bill, buck, clam
3. sense_key=dollar%1:21:01:: | definition=a United States coin worth one dollar | examples=the dollar coin has never been popular in the United States
4. sense_key=dollar%1:10:00:: | definition=a symbol of commercialism or greed | synonyms=dollar mark, dollar sign | examples=he worships the almighty dollar; the dollar sign means little to him

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "dollar"
    *   Target surface form: "dollar"
    *   Context: "...the indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the <t>dollar</t>, to a new two-month high against the Euro..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `dollar%1:23:00::`: the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents.
        2.  `dollar%1:21:00::`: a piece of paper money worth one dollar.
        3.  `dollar%1:21:01::`: a United States coin worth one dollar.
        4.  `dollar%1:10:00::`: a symbol of commercialism or greed.

    *   The sentence mentions "a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro".
    *   This refers to the exchange rate or the value of the currency as a whole, not a specific bill, coin, or a symbol of greed.
    *   "The basic monetary unit" (Sense 1) fits the concept of a currency's value relative to another currency (the Euro).

    *   Sense 1: Basic monetary unit (currency). Fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: Paper money (physical bill). Does not fit.
    *   Sense 3: Coin. Does not fit.
    *   Sense 4: Symbol of greed. Does not fit.

    *   The correct sense is Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: high
Target surface form: high
Context:
Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month <t>high</t> against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology securities have thereby lost some ground.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=high%1:07:00:: | definition=a lofty level or position or degree | examples=summer temperatures reached an all-time high
2. sense_key=high%1:26:00:: | definition=an air mass of higher than normal pressure | examples=the east coast benefits from a Bermuda high
3. sense_key=high%1:26:02:: | definition=a state of sustained elation | examples=I'm on a permanent high these days
4. sense_key=high%1:26:01:: | definition=a state of altered consciousness induced by alcohol or narcotics | examples=they took drugs to get a high on
5. sense_key=high%1:15:00:: | definition=a high place | synonyms=heights | examples=they stood on high and observed the countryside; he doesn't like heights
6. sense_key=high%1:14:00:: | definition=a public secondary school usually including grades 9 through 12 | synonyms=senior high school, senior high, highschool | examples=he goes to the neighborhood highschool
7. sense_key=high%1:06:00:: | definition=a forward gear with a gear ratio that gives the greatest vehicle velocity for a given engine speed | synonyms=high gear

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `high`
    *   Target surface form: `high`
    *   Context: "...a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month <t>high</t> against the Euro..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `high%1:07:00::`: a lofty level or position or degree (Example: summer temperatures reached an all-time high)
        2.  `high%1:26:00::`: an air mass of higher than normal pressure (Example: Bermuda high)
        3.  `high%1:26:02::`: a state of sustained elation (Example: permanent high)
        4.  `high%1:26:01::`: a state of altered consciousness induced by alcohol or narcotics (Example: get a high on)
        5.  `high%1:15:00::`: a high place (Example: stood on high)
        6.  `high%1:14:00::`: a public secondary school (Example: neighborhood highschool)
        7.  `high%1:06:00::`: a forward gear (Example: high gear)

    *   The sentence discusses the value of the dollar relative to the Euro.
    *   "a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro"
    *   In this context, "high" refers to the highest value or level reached by the exchange rate over a two-month period.

    *   Sense 1: "a lofty level or position or degree" (Example: "summer temperatures reached an all-time high"). This fits perfectly with a currency exchange rate reaching a peak value.
    *   Sense 2: Weather (air mass). Not applicable.
    *   Sense 3: Elation. Not applicable.
    *   Sense 4: Drug-induced state. Not applicable.
    *   Sense 5: Physical height. Not applicable.
    *   Sense 6: School. Not applicable.
    *   Sense 7: Gear ratio. Not applicable.

    *   The target word "high" in "two-month high" refers to a peak level or degree of value. This matches Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: pressure
Target surface form: pressure
Context:
Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward <t>pressure</t> on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology securities have thereby lost some ground.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=pressure%1:19:00:: | definition=the force applied to a unit area of surface; measured in pascals (SI unit) or in dynes (cgs unit) | synonyms=pressure level, force per unit area | examples=the compressed gas exerts an increased pressure
2. sense_key=pressure%1:07:00:: | definition=a force that compels | examples=the public brought pressure to bear on the government
3. sense_key=pressure%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of pressing; the exertion of pressure | synonyms=press, pressing | examples=he gave the button a press; he used pressure to stop the bleeding
4. sense_key=pressure%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of demanding notice or attention | synonyms=imperativeness, insistence, insistency, press | examples=the insistence of their hunger; the press of business matters
5. sense_key=pressure%1:09:00:: | definition=the somatic sensation that results from applying force to an area of skin | synonyms=pressure sensation | examples=the sensitivity of his skin to pressure and temperature was normal
6. sense_key=pressure%1:26:01:: | definition=an oppressive condition of physical or mental or social or economic distress
7. sense_key=pressure%1:19:01:: | definition=the pressure exerted by the atmosphere | synonyms=atmospheric pressure, air pressure

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target word: "pressure"
    *   Context: "...a renewed rise of the dollar... which 'puts downward <t>pressure</t> on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation'..."
    *   Meaning: In this financial context, "downward pressure" refers to a force or influence that pushes prices or values down.

    *   Sense 1: Physical force per unit area (pascals). (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: A force that compels (e.g., public pressure on government). (Possible - metaphorical force)
    *   Sense 3: The act of pressing (physical). (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 4: State of demanding notice/attention (insistence). (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 5: Somatic sensation (skin). (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 6: Oppressive condition of distress (physical/mental/social/economic). (Possible, but usually refers to a state of being under pressure, not the force causing the change).
    *   Sense 7: Atmospheric pressure. (Incorrect)

    *   The phrase "puts downward pressure on" is a common financial idiom. It means that a certain factor (the rise of the dollar) is acting as a force that pushes the value of something (sectors sensitive to the economic situation) down.
    *   Sense 2 ("a force that compels") fits best here. While the example is political ("public brought pressure to bear on the government"), the core meaning is a non-physical force that drives a result or compels a change.
    *   Sense 6 ("an oppressive condition of... economic distress") describes the *state* of being under pressure, whereas the context describes the *force* being applied ("puts downward pressure on").

    *   Sense 2: "a force that compels".
    *   Context: "puts downward pressure on the sectors".
    *   This matches the usage of an external factor exerting influence to drive a specific outcome (lower prices/values).