[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: scientific
Target surface form: scientific
Context:
Occasionally, gross chromosome damage was visible. Dr. Knudson found that some children with the eye cancer had inherited a damaged copy of chromosome No. 13 from a parent who had had the disease. Under a microscope he could actually see that a bit of chromosome 13 was missing. He assumed the missing piece contained a gene or genes whose loss had a critical role in setting off the cancer. But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a <t>scientific</t> team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, then at the University of Utah, found the answer. The team used a battery of the newly developed "gene probes, "snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a cell.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=scientific%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to the practice of science | examples=scientific journals
2. sense_key=scientific%3:00:00:: | definition=conforming with the principles or methods used in science | examples=a scientific approach

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `scientific`
    *   Target surface form: `scientific`
    *   Context: "Then, a <t>scientific</t> team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee... found the answer."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `scientific%3:01:00::` (of or relating to the practice of science) - Example: "scientific journals"
        2.  `scientific%3:00:00::` (conforming with the principles or methods used in science) - Example: "a scientific approach"

    *   The phrase is "a scientific team".
    *   A "scientific team" is a team of scientists, i.e., a team engaged in the practice of science.
    *   Sense 1: "of or relating to the practice of science". This fits well. A team that practices science is a scientific team.
    *   Sense 2: "conforming with the principles or methods used in science". This usually describes a method, approach, or piece of evidence (e.g., "scientific method", "scientific evidence"). A team doesn't "conform" to principles in the same way a method does; rather, the team *performs* the science.

    *   Sense 1 is about the domain/practice (relating to science).
    *   Sense 2 is about the methodology (following scientific rules).
    *   "Scientific team" refers to a group of people working in the field of science. This aligns better with "relating to the practice of science".

    *   Sense 1: relating to the practice of science.
    *   Sense 2: conforming with principles/methods.
    *   "Scientific team" $\rightarrow$ Sense 1.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: team
Target surface form: team
Context:
Occasionally, gross chromosome damage was visible. Dr. Knudson found that some children with the eye cancer had inherited a damaged copy of chromosome No. 13 from a parent who had had the disease. Under a microscope he could actually see that a bit of chromosome 13 was missing. He assumed the missing piece contained a gene or genes whose loss had a critical role in setting off the cancer. But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a scientific <t>team</t> led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, then at the University of Utah, found the answer. The team used a battery of the newly developed "gene probes, "snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a cell.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=team%1:14:00:: | definition=a cooperative unit (especially in sports) | synonyms=squad
2. sense_key=team%1:14:01:: | definition=two or more draft animals that work together to pull something

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "team"
    *   Target surface form: "team"
    *   Context: "Then, a scientific <t>team</t> led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee... The team used a battery of the newly developed 'gene probes'..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `team%1:14:00::` - a cooperative unit (especially in sports) | synonyms=squad
        2.  `team%1:14:01::` - two or more draft animals that work together to pull something

    *   The context describes a "scientific team" led by a "molecular geneticist" who "found the answer" and "used a battery of... gene probes."
    *   This clearly refers to a group of people working together on a scientific project.

    *   Sense 1: "a cooperative unit (especially in sports)" - This fits a group of scientists working together.
    *   Sense 2: "two or more draft animals" - This does not fit.

    *   Sense 1 is the correct choice.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: lead
Target surface form: led
Context:
Occasionally, gross chromosome damage was visible. Dr. Knudson found that some children with the eye cancer had inherited a damaged copy of chromosome No. 13 from a parent who had had the disease. Under a microscope he could actually see that a bit of chromosome 13 was missing. He assumed the missing piece contained a gene or genes whose loss had a critical role in setting off the cancer. But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a scientific team <t>led</t> by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, then at the University of Utah, found the answer. The team used a battery of the newly developed "gene probes, "snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a cell.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=lead%2:38:01:: | definition=take somebody somewhere | synonyms=take, direct, conduct, guide | examples=We lead him to our chief; can you take me to the main entrance?
2. sense_key=lead%2:42:04:: | definition=have as a result or residue | synonyms=leave, result | examples=The water left a mark on the silk dress; Her blood left a stain on the napkin
3. sense_key=lead%2:42:12:: | definition=tend to or result in | examples=This remark lead to further arguments among the guests
4. sense_key=lead%2:38:00:: | definition=travel in front of; go in advance of others | synonyms=head | examples=The procession was headed by John
5. sense_key=lead%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to undertake a certain action | examples=Her greed led her to forge the checks
6. sense_key=lead%2:42:00:: | definition=stretch out over a distance, space, time, or scope; run or extend between two points or beyond a certain point | synonyms=run, go, pass, extend | examples=Service runs all the way to Cranbury; His knowledge doesn't go very far
7. sense_key=lead%2:41:00:: | definition=be in charge of | synonyms=head | examples=Who is heading this project?
8. sense_key=lead%2:42:01:: | definition=be ahead of others; be the first | synonyms=top | examples=she topped her class every year
9. sense_key=lead%2:41:12:: | definition=be conducive to | synonyms=contribute, conduce | examples=The use of computers in the classroom lead to better writing
10. sense_key=lead%2:36:00:: | definition=lead, as in the performance of a composition | synonyms=conduct, direct | examples=conduct an orchestra; Barenboim conducted the Chicago symphony for years
11. sense_key=lead%2:42:03:: | definition=lead, extend, or afford access | synonyms=go | examples=This door goes to the basement; The road runs South
12. sense_key=lead%2:38:02:: | definition=move ahead (of others) in time or space | synonyms=precede
13. sense_key=lead%2:42:02:: | definition=cause something to pass or lead somewhere | synonyms=run | examples=Run the wire behind the cabinet
14. sense_key=lead%2:32:01:: | definition=preside over | synonyms=moderate, chair | examples=John moderated the discussion

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 7}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 7}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `lead`
    *   Target surface form: `led`
    *   Context: "Then, a scientific team <t>led</t> by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee... found the answer."
    *   Meaning: The scientific team was headed or managed by Webster Cavenee.

    *   1: take somebody somewhere (physical guidance) - No.
    *   2: have as a result or residue (leave a mark) - No.
    *   3: tend to or result in (lead to arguments) - No.
    *   4: travel in front of; go in advance of others (procession) - No.
    *   5: cause to undertake a certain action (greed led her to forge) - No.
    *   6: stretch out over a distance (road runs) - No.
    *   7: be in charge of (Who is heading this project?) - Yes.
    *   8: be ahead of others; be the first (top the class) - No.
    *   9: be conducive to (contribute to) - No.
    *   10: lead, as in the performance of a composition (conduct orchestra) - No.
    *   11: lead, extend, or afford access (door goes to basement) - No.
    *   12: move ahead (of others) in time or space (precede) - No.
    *   13: cause something to pass or lead somewhere (run the wire) - No.
    *   14: preside over (moderate, chair) - This is close, but "be in charge of" (sense 7) is a better fit for a scientific team/project than "moderate/chair" (which usually refers to a meeting or discussion).

    *   Sense 7: "be in charge of" | synonyms=head | examples="Who is heading this project?"
    *   Context: "a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee"
    *   This matches perfectly. Webster Cavenee was in charge of the team.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: then
Target surface form: then
Context:
Occasionally, gross chromosome damage was visible. Dr. Knudson found that some children with the eye cancer had inherited a damaged copy of chromosome No. 13 from a parent who had had the disease. Under a microscope he could actually see that a bit of chromosome 13 was missing. He assumed the missing piece contained a gene or genes whose loss had a critical role in setting off the cancer. But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, <t>then</t> at the University of Utah, found the answer. The team used a battery of the newly developed "gene probes, "snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a cell.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=then%4:02:00:: | definition=subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors) | synonyms=so, and so, and then | examples=then he left; go left first, then right
2. sense_key=then%4:02:02:: | definition=in that case or as a consequence | examples=if he didn't take it, then who did?; keep it then if you want to
3. sense_key=then%4:02:01:: | definition=at that time | examples=I was young then; prices were lower back then

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "then"
    *   Target surface form: "then"
    *   Context: "Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, <t>then</t> at the University of Utah, found the answer."
    *   Target word: the second "then" (the one inside `<t>then</t>`).

    *   Sense 1: subsequently or soon afterward (sentence connector). Example: "then he left".
    *   Sense 2: in that case or as a consequence. Example: "if he didn't take it, then who did?".
    *   Sense 3: at that time. Example: "I was young then".

    *   The sentence is: "Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, <t>then</t> at the University of Utah, found the answer."
    *   The first "Then" is a sentence connector meaning "subsequently" (Sense 1).
    *   The second "then" (the target) modifies "at the University of Utah".
    *   "Webster Cavenee, then at the University of Utah" means "Webster Cavenee, who was at that time at the University of Utah".

    *   Sense 1 (subsequently) doesn't fit as an adjective/adverb modifying the location in this specific phrase structure ("then at the University of Utah").
    *   Sense 2 (in that case) doesn't fit.
    *   Sense 3 (at that time) fits perfectly. "Webster Cavenee, [at that time] at the University of Utah".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: find
Target surface form: found
Context:
Occasionally, gross chromosome damage was visible. Dr. Knudson found that some children with the eye cancer had inherited a damaged copy of chromosome No. 13 from a parent who had had the disease. Under a microscope he could actually see that a bit of chromosome 13 was missing. He assumed the missing piece contained a gene or genes whose loss had a critical role in setting off the cancer. But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, then at the University of Utah, <t>found</t> the answer. The team used a battery of the newly developed "gene probes, "snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a cell.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=find%2:40:02:: | definition=come upon, as if by accident; meet with | synonyms=happen, chance, bump, encounter | examples=We find this idea in Plato; I happened upon the most wonderful bakery not very far from here
2. sense_key=find%2:39:02:: | definition=discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of | synonyms=detect, observe, discover, notice | examples=She detected high levels of lead in her drinking water; We found traces of lead in the paint
3. sense_key=find%2:40:00:: | definition=come upon after searching; find the location of something that was missed or lost | synonyms=regain | examples=Did you find your glasses?; I cannot find my gloves!
4. sense_key=find%2:32:00:: | definition=establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study | synonyms=determine, find out, ascertain | examples=find the product of two numbers; The physicist who found the elusive particle won the Nobel Prize
5. sense_key=find%2:31:10:: | definition=come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds | synonyms=feel | examples=I feel that he doesn't like me; I find him to be obnoxious
6. sense_key=find%2:39:01:: | definition=perceive or be contemporaneous with | synonyms=witness, see | examples=We found Republicans winning the offices; You'll see a lot of cheating in this school
7. sense_key=find%2:40:01:: | definition=get something or somebody for a specific purpose | synonyms=line up, get hold, come up | examples=I found this gadget that will serve as a bottle opener; I got hold of these tools to fix our plumbing
8. sense_key=find%2:36:00:: | definition=make a discovery, make a new finding | synonyms=discover | examples=Roentgen discovered X-rays; Physicists believe they found a new elementary particle
9. sense_key=find%2:31:09:: | definition=make a discovery | synonyms=discover | examples=She found that he had lied to her; The story is false, so far as I can discover
10. sense_key=find%2:40:03:: | definition=obtain through effort or management | examples=She found the time and energy to take care of her aging parents; We found the money to send our sons to college
11. sense_key=find%2:32:01:: | definition=decide on and make a declaration about | synonyms=rule | examples=find someone guilty
12. sense_key=find%2:30:00:: | definition=receive a specified treatment (abstract) | synonyms=receive, get, obtain, incur | examples=These aspects of civilization do not find expression or receive an interpretation; His movie received a good review
13. sense_key=find%2:39:05:: | definition=perceive oneself to be in a certain condition or place | examples=I found myself in a difficult situation; When he woke up, he found himself in a hospital room
14. sense_key=find%2:40:15:: | definition=get or find back; recover the use of | synonyms=recover, retrieve, regain | examples=She regained control of herself; She found her voice and replied quickly
15. sense_key=find%2:38:10:: | definition=succeed in reaching; arrive at | examples=The arrow found its mark
16. sense_key=find%2:30:13:: | definition=accept and make use of one's personality, abilities, and situation | synonyms=find oneself | examples=My son went to Berkeley to find himself

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `find`
    *   Target surface form: `found`
    *   Context: "Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee... <t>found</t> the answer."
    *   Surrounding context: The text describes a scientific quest to identify a specific gene or genes responsible for cancer. Dr. Knudson had a hypothesis, and then Cavenee's team used "gene probes" (a scientific method) to find the answer.

    *   Sense 1: come upon by accident (not accidental, this was a scientific search).
    *   Sense 2: discover or determine existence/presence/fact (detect, observe).
    *   Sense 3: come upon after searching for something lost (not a lost object).
    *   Sense 4: establish after calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study (determine, find out, ascertain).
    *   Sense 5: believe based on emotion/intuition (not the case).
    *   Sense 6: perceive or be contemporaneous with (not the case).
    *   Sense 7: get something for a specific purpose (not the case).
    *   Sense 8: make a discovery, make a new finding (discover).
    *   Sense 9: make a discovery (discover - often used for facts/secrets).
    *   Sense 10: obtain through effort/management (time/money).
    *   Sense 11: decide/declare (legal ruling).
    *   Sense 12: receive treatment (abstract).
    *   Sense 13: perceive oneself in a condition.
    *   Sense 14: recover/retrieve.
    *   Sense 15: succeed in reaching (arrow found its mark).
    *   Sense 16: find oneself (personality).

    *   The context is a scientific investigation.
    *   The team used "gene probes" (an experiment/investigation) to "find the answer."
    *   Sense 4: "establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study" (synonyms: determine, find out, ascertain).
    *   Sense 8: "make a discovery, make a new finding" (synonyms: discover).
    *   Sense 9: "make a discovery" (synonyms: discover).

    *   Sense 4 specifically mentions "investigation, experiment," which fits the "gene probes" and "scientific team" context perfectly.
    *   Sense 8 and 9 are more general "discoveries."
    *   "Found the answer" in a scientific context usually means they determined the answer through their research.
    *   Let's look at the examples for Sense 4: "find the product of two numbers", "The physicist who found the elusive particle won the Nobel Prize". This matches the scientific discovery of a specific answer/particle/gene.
    *   Let's look at Sense 8: "Roentgen discovered X-rays". This is also close.
    *   Let's look at Sense 9: "She found that he had lied to her". This is more about discovering a fact.

    *   Sense 4: "establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study".
    *   Sense 8: "make a discovery, make a new finding".
    *   The phrase "found the answer" often aligns with "determined the answer" or "ascertained the answer" through a process.
    *   Comparing "found the answer" to "found the elusive particle" (Sense 4) vs "discovered X-rays" (Sense 8).
    *   The process described (using gene probes) is an investigation/experiment.

    *   Sense 4: establish after investigation/experiment.
    *   Sense 8: make a discovery.
    *   Sense 9: make a discovery.
    *   In many WordNet-based datasets, "finding the answer" to a scientific problem is mapped to the sense of determining/establishing through study (Sense 4).

    *   Context: "a scientific team... found the answer. The team used a battery of... gene probes..."
    *   This is a clear case of establishing a result through an experiment.

    *   Sense 4: establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study.
    *   Sense 8: make a discovery, make a new finding.
    *   Sense 9: make a discovery.
    *   Wait, let me re-read Sense 4 and Sense 8.
    *   Sense 4: "establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study" (determine, find out, ascertain).
    *   Sense 8: "make a discovery, make a new finding" (discover).
    *   "Found the answer" is very similar to "determined the answer."
    *   Let's check the examples again. Sense 4: "The physicist who found the elusive particle won the Nobel Prize." This is almost identical to finding the gene/answer.

    *   Sense 4 is the most precise fit for a scientific result obtained via a specific methodology (gene probes).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: answer
Target surface form: answer
Context:
Occasionally, gross chromosome damage was visible. Dr. Knudson found that some children with the eye cancer had inherited a damaged copy of chromosome No. 13 from a parent who had had the disease. Under a microscope he could actually see that a bit of chromosome 13 was missing. He assumed the missing piece contained a gene or genes whose loss had a critical role in setting off the cancer. But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, then at the University of Utah, found the <t>answer</t>. The team used a battery of the newly developed "gene probes, "snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a cell.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=answer%1:10:01:: | definition=a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation | synonyms=reply, response | examples=I waited several days for his answer; he wrote replies to several of his critics
2. sense_key=answer%1:10:02:: | definition=a statement that solves a problem or explains how to solve the problem | synonyms=solution, result, resolution, solvent | examples=they were trying to find a peaceful solution; the answers were in the back of the book
3. sense_key=answer%1:10:00:: | definition=the speech act of replying to a question
4. sense_key=answer%1:10:03:: | definition=the principal pleading by the defendant in response to plaintiff's complaint; in criminal law it consists of the defendant's plea of `guilty' or `not guilty' (or nolo contendere); in civil law it must contain denials of all allegations in the plaintiff's complaint that the defendant hopes to controvert and it can contain affirmative defenses or counterclaims
5. sense_key=answer%1:04:00:: | definition=a nonverbal reaction | examples=his answer to any problem was to get drunk; their answer was to sue me

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `answer`
    *   Context: "But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee... found the <t>answer</t>."
    *   Meaning: The "answer" refers to the identification of the missing gene or genes that caused the cancer. This is a solution to a scientific problem/mystery.

    *   Sense 1: A statement made to reply to a question/request/criticism (e.g., "I waited for his answer").
    *   Sense 2: A statement that solves a problem or explains how to solve the problem (synonyms: solution, result, resolution).
    *   Sense 3: The speech act of replying to a question.
    *   Sense 4: Legal pleading by a defendant.
    *   Sense 5: A nonverbal reaction.

    *   The context describes a scientific quest to find which gene was missing.
    *   Finding the "answer" in this context means finding the *solution* to the scientific problem.
    *   Sense 2 specifically mentions "a statement that solves a problem" and lists "solution" as a synonym. This fits perfectly.

    *   Sense 1 is more about a direct reply to a specific question asked. While "which gene... had disappeared" is phrased as a question in the narrator's mind, the "answer" found by the team is the solution to the scientific mystery.
    *   Sense 2 is the standard usage for scientific discoveries that solve a problem.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: team
Target surface form: team
Context:
Dr. Knudson found that some children with the eye cancer had inherited a damaged copy of chromosome No. 13 from a parent who had had the disease. Under a microscope he could actually see that a bit of chromosome 13 was missing. He assumed the missing piece contained a gene or genes whose loss had a critical role in setting off the cancer. But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, then at the University of Utah, found the answer. The <t>team</t> used a battery of the newly developed "gene probes, "snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a cell. By analyzing cells extracted from eye tumors, they found defects in the second copy of chromosome 13 in the exact area as in the first copy of the chromosome.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=team%1:14:00:: | definition=a cooperative unit (especially in sports) | synonyms=squad
2. sense_key=team%1:14:01:: | definition=two or more draft animals that work together to pull something

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "team"
    *   Target surface form: "team"
    *   Context: "Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee... The <t>team</t> used a battery of the newly developed 'gene probes'..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `team%1:14:00::` - a cooperative unit (especially in sports) | synonyms=squad
        2.  `team%1:14:01::` - two or more draft animals that work together to pull something

    *   The context describes a "scientific team" led by a molecular geneticist.
    *   This "team" is performing research using "gene probes" and analyzing cells.
    *   This clearly refers to a group of people working together toward a common goal (scientific research).

    *   Sense 1: "a cooperative unit (especially in sports)" - This fits a group of scientists working together.
    *   Sense 2: "two or more draft animals" - This does not fit.

    *   The best fit is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: use
Target surface form: used
Context:
Dr. Knudson found that some children with the eye cancer had inherited a damaged copy of chromosome No. 13 from a parent who had had the disease. Under a microscope he could actually see that a bit of chromosome 13 was missing. He assumed the missing piece contained a gene or genes whose loss had a critical role in setting off the cancer. But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, then at the University of Utah, found the answer. The team <t>used</t> a battery of the newly developed "gene probes, "snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a cell. By analyzing cells extracted from eye tumors, they found defects in the second copy of chromosome 13 in the exact area as in the first copy of the chromosome.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=use%2:34:01:: | definition=put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose | synonyms=utilize, utilise, apply, employ | examples=use your head!; we only use Spanish at home
2. sense_key=use%2:34:02:: | definition=take or consume (regularly or habitually) | synonyms=habituate | examples=She uses drugs rarely
3. sense_key=use%2:34:00:: | definition=use up, consume fully | synonyms=expend | examples=The legislature expended its time on school questions
4. sense_key=use%2:41:14:: | definition=seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage | examples=She uses her influential friends to get jobs; The president's wife used her good connections
5. sense_key=use%2:41:04:: | definition=avail oneself to | synonyms=practice, apply | examples=apply a principle; practice a religion
6. sense_key=use%2:41:03:: | definition=habitually do something (use only in the past tense) | examples=She used to call her mother every week but now she calls only occasionally; I used to get sick when I ate in that dining hall

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `use`
    *   Target surface form: `used`
    *   Context: "The team <t>used</t> a battery of the newly developed 'gene probes,' snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a cell."
    *   Meaning: The scientific team employed or utilized a specific tool (gene probes) to achieve a result.

    *   Sense 1: `put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose` (Synonyms: utilize, utilise, apply, employ).
    *   Sense 2: `take or consume (regularly or habitually)` (e.g., drugs).
    *   Sense 3: `use up, consume fully` (Synonyms: expend).
    *   Sense 4: `seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage` (e.g., using influential friends).
    *   Sense 5: `avail oneself to` (e.g., apply a principle, practice a religion).
    *   Sense 6: `habitually do something (use only in the past tense)` (e.g., "used to call").

    *   The team "used" (employed/utilized) "gene probes" (tools).
    *   This fits perfectly with Sense 1: "put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose".

    *   Sense 2 (drugs/habit) - No.
    *   Sense 3 (consume fully) - No.
    *   Sense 4 (manipulate for advantage) - No.
    *   Sense 5 (practice/apply a principle) - No.
    *   Sense 6 (past habit) - No.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: battery
Target surface form: battery
Context:
Dr. Knudson found that some children with the eye cancer had inherited a damaged copy of chromosome No. 13 from a parent who had had the disease. Under a microscope he could actually see that a bit of chromosome 13 was missing. He assumed the missing piece contained a gene or genes whose loss had a critical role in setting off the cancer. But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, then at the University of Utah, found the answer. The team used a <t>battery</t> of the newly developed "gene probes, "snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a cell. By analyzing cells extracted from eye tumors, they found defects in the second copy of chromosome 13 in the exact area as in the first copy of the chromosome.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=battery%1:14:02:: | definition=group of guns or missile launchers operated together at one place
2. sense_key=battery%1:06:00:: | definition=a device that produces electricity; may have several primary or secondary cells arranged in parallel or series | synonyms=electric battery
3. sense_key=battery%1:14:01:: | definition=a collection of related things intended for use together | examples=took a battery of achievement tests
4. sense_key=battery%1:14:03:: | definition=a unit composed of the pitcher and catcher
5. sense_key=battery%1:06:03:: | definition=a series of stamps operated in one mortar for crushing ores | synonyms=stamp battery
6. sense_key=battery%1:04:01:: | definition=the heavy fire of artillery to saturate an area rather than hit a specific target | synonyms=barrage, barrage fire, bombardment, shelling | examples=they laid down a barrage in front of the advancing troops; the shelling went on for hours without pausing
7. sense_key=battery%1:04:00:: | definition=an assault in which the assailant makes physical contact | synonyms=assault and battery

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "battery"
    *   Context: "The team used a <t>battery</t> of the newly developed 'gene probes,' snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a cell."
    *   Meaning: In this context, "battery" refers to a set or collection of gene probes used together for a scientific purpose.

    *   Sense 1: Group of guns/missile launchers (Military).
    *   Sense 2: Device that produces electricity (Electrical).
    *   Sense 3: A collection of related things intended for use together (General/Testing). Example: "battery of achievement tests".
    *   Sense 4: Pitcher and catcher (Baseball).
    *   Sense 5: Series of stamps for crushing ores (Mining).
    *   Sense 6: Heavy fire of artillery (Military).
    *   Sense 7: Physical assault (Legal).

    *   The context describes a "battery of the newly developed 'gene probes'".
    *   This matches Sense 3: "a collection of related things intended for use together". The example "battery of achievement tests" is very similar in structure to "battery of gene probes".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: develop
Target surface form: developed
Context:
Dr. Knudson found that some children with the eye cancer had inherited a damaged copy of chromosome No. 13 from a parent who had had the disease. Under a microscope he could actually see that a bit of chromosome 13 was missing. He assumed the missing piece contained a gene or genes whose loss had a critical role in setting off the cancer. But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, then at the University of Utah, found the answer. The team used a battery of the newly <t>developed</t> "gene probes, "snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a cell. By analyzing cells extracted from eye tumors, they found defects in the second copy of chromosome 13 in the exact area as in the first copy of the chromosome.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=develop%2:36:01:: | definition=make something new, such as a product or a mental or artistic creation | examples=Her company developed a new kind of building material that withstands all kinds of weather; They developed a new technique
2. sense_key=develop%2:36:00:: | definition=work out | synonyms=evolve, germinate | examples=We have developed a new theory of evolution
3. sense_key=develop%2:30:06:: | definition=gain through experience | synonyms=acquire, evolve | examples=I acquired a strong aversion to television; Children must develop a sense of right and wrong
4. sense_key=develop%2:29:00:: | definition=come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes) | synonyms=grow, produce, get, acquire | examples=He grew a beard; The patient developed abdominal pains
5. sense_key=develop%2:42:00:: | definition=come into existence; take on form or shape | synonyms=originate, arise, rise, uprise, spring up, grow | examples=A new religious movement originated in that country; a love that sprang up from friendship
6. sense_key=develop%2:30:04:: | definition=change the use of and make available or usable | synonyms=build up | examples=develop land; The country developed its natural resources
7. sense_key=develop%2:32:00:: | definition=elaborate, as of theories and hypotheses | synonyms=explicate, formulate | examples=Could you develop the ideas in your thesis
8. sense_key=develop%2:31:00:: | definition=create by training and teaching | synonyms=train, prepare, educate | examples=The old master is training world-class violinists; we develop the leaders for the future
9. sense_key=develop%2:30:05:: | definition=be gradually disclosed or unfolded; become manifest | examples=The plot developed slowly
10. sense_key=develop%2:30:00:: | definition=grow, progress, unfold, or evolve through a process of evolution, natural growth, differentiation, or a conducive environment | examples=A flower developed on the branch; The country developed into a mighty superpower
11. sense_key=develop%2:30:09:: | definition=become technologically advanced | synonyms=modernize, modernise | examples=Many countries in Asia are now developing at a very fast pace; Viet Nam is modernizing rapidly
12. sense_key=develop%2:30:01:: | definition=cause to grow and differentiate in ways conforming to its natural development | synonyms=make grow | examples=The perfect climate here develops the grain; He developed a new kind of apple
13. sense_key=develop%2:36:09:: | definition=generate gradually | examples=We must develop more potential customers; develop a market for the new mobile phone
14. sense_key=develop%2:30:10:: | definition=grow emotionally or mature | synonyms=grow | examples=The child developed beautifully in her new kindergarten; When he spent a summer at camp, the boy grew noticeably and no longer showed some of his old adolescent behavior
15. sense_key=develop%2:39:00:: | definition=make visible by means of chemical solutions | examples=Please develop this roll of film for me
16. sense_key=develop%2:35:04:: | definition=superimpose a three-dimensional surface on a plane without stretching, in geometry
17. sense_key=develop%2:33:03:: | definition=move one's pieces into strategically more advantageous positions | examples=Spassky developed quickly
18. sense_key=develop%2:33:02:: | definition=move into a strategically more advantageous position | examples=develop the rook
19. sense_key=develop%2:30:13:: | definition=elaborate by the unfolding of a musical idea and by the working out of the rhythmic and harmonic changes in the theme | examples=develop the melody and change the key
20. sense_key=develop%2:30:03:: | definition=happen | synonyms=break, recrudesce | examples=Report the news as it develops; These political movements recrudesce from time to time
21. sense_key=develop%2:30:12:: | definition=expand in the form of a series | examples=Develop the function in the following form

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `develop`
    *   Target surface form: `developed`
    *   Context: "The team used a battery of the newly <t>developed</t> 'gene probes,' snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a cell."

    *   The word "developed" modifies "gene probes."
    *   "Gene probes" are described as "snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a cell."
    *   In this context, "developed" means that these probes were created, invented, or designed for a specific scientific purpose.

    *   Sense 1: "make something new, such as a product or a mental or artistic creation" (Examples: new kind of building material, new technique).
    *   Sense 2: "work out" (Synonyms: evolve, germinate; Example: new theory of evolution).
    *   Sense 3: "gain through experience" (Example: sense of right and wrong).
    *   Sense 4: "come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes)" (Example: grew a beard, developed abdominal pains).
    *   Sense 5: "come into existence; take on form or shape" (Example: new religious movement).
    *   Sense 6: "change the use of and make available or usable" (Example: develop land).
    *   Sense 7: "elaborate, as of theories and hypotheses" (Example: develop the ideas in your thesis).
    *   Sense 8: "create by training and teaching" (Example: develop the leaders for the future).
    *   Sense 9: "be gradually disclosed or unfolded" (Example: plot developed slowly).
    *   Sense 10: "grow, progress, unfold, or evolve through a process of evolution..." (Example: flower developed on the branch).
    *   Sense 11: "become technologically advanced" (Example: countries in Asia are now developing).
    *   Sense 12: "cause to grow and differentiate in ways conforming to its natural development" (Example: developed a new kind of apple).
    *   Sense 13: "generate gradually" (Example: develop more potential customers).
    *   Sense 14: "grow emotionally or mature" (Example: child developed beautifully).
    *   Sense 15: "make visible by means of chemical solutions" (Example: develop this roll of film).
    *   Sense 16: "superimpose a three-dimensional surface on a plane..." (Geometry).
    *   Sense 17: "move one's pieces into strategically more advantageous positions" (Chess).
    *   Sense 18: "move into a strategically more advantageous position" (Chess).
    *   Sense 19: "elaborate by the unfolding of a musical idea..." (Music).
    *   Sense 20: "happen" (Example: news as it develops).
    *   Sense 21: "expand in the form of a series" (Math).

    *   The "gene probes" are a scientific tool/product.
    *   Sense 1 ("make something new, such as a product or a mental or artistic creation") fits perfectly. The examples "new kind of building material" and "new technique" are very similar to "newly developed gene probes."
    *   Sense 2 ("work out" a theory) is close but usually refers to ideas/theories rather than physical tools/probes.
    *   Sense 12 ("cause to grow and differentiate") refers to biological growth (like an apple), which is not the case here (probes are created/designed).

    *   The context is about creating a new scientific tool (gene probes).
    *   Sense 1 is the most accurate description of creating a new product or technique.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: genetic
Target surface form: genetic
Context:
Dr. Knudson found that some children with the eye cancer had inherited a damaged copy of chromosome No. 13 from a parent who had had the disease. Under a microscope he could actually see that a bit of chromosome 13 was missing. He assumed the missing piece contained a gene or genes whose loss had a critical role in setting off the cancer. But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, then at the University of Utah, found the answer. The team used a battery of the newly developed "gene probes, "snippets of <t>genetic</t> material that can track a gene's presence in a cell. By analyzing cells extracted from eye tumors, they found defects in the second copy of chromosome 13 in the exact area as in the first copy of the chromosome.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=genetic%5:00:00:inheritable:00 | definition=occurring among members of a family usually by heredity | synonyms=familial, hereditary, inherited, transmitted, transmissible | examples=an inherited disease; familial traits
2. sense_key=genetic%3:01:02:: | definition=of or relating to or produced by or being a gene | synonyms=genic, genetical | examples=genic combinations; genetic code
3. sense_key=genetic%3:01:01:: | definition=pertaining to or referring to origin | examples=genetic history reconstructs the origins of a literary work
4. sense_key=genetic%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to the science of genetics | synonyms=genetical | examples=genetic research

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `genetic`
    *   Target surface form: `genetic`
    *   Context: "...snippets of <t>genetic</t> material that can track a gene's presence in a cell."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `genetic%5:00:00:inheritable:00`: occurring among members of a family usually by heredity (familial, hereditary).
        2.  `genetic%3:01:02::`: of or relating to or produced by or being a gene (genic, genetical).
        3.  `genetic%3:01:01::`: pertaining to or referring to origin.
        4.  `genetic%3:01:00::`: of or relating to the science of genetics (genetical).

    *   The phrase is "snippets of genetic material".
    *   The context mentions "gene probes", "track a gene's presence in a cell", "chromosome 13", and "molecular geneticist".
    *   "Genetic material" refers to the physical substance (DNA/RNA) that constitutes genes.

    *   Sense 1 (inheritable): Focuses on heredity/family. While the context mentions inheritance earlier, "genetic material" here refers to the substance itself, not the fact that it's inherited.
    *   Sense 2 (of or relating to or produced by or being a gene): This fits perfectly. "Genetic material" is material that *is* or *relates to* genes.
    *   Sense 3 (origin): Not applicable here.
    *   Sense 4 (science of genetics): "Genetic material" is not "science of genetics material".

    *   Sense 2 is the most precise fit for "genetic material" (material consisting of genes/DNA).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: material
Target surface form: material
Context:
Dr. Knudson found that some children with the eye cancer had inherited a damaged copy of chromosome No. 13 from a parent who had had the disease. Under a microscope he could actually see that a bit of chromosome 13 was missing. He assumed the missing piece contained a gene or genes whose loss had a critical role in setting off the cancer. But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, then at the University of Utah, found the answer. The team used a battery of the newly developed "gene probes, "snippets of genetic <t>material</t> that can track a gene's presence in a cell. By analyzing cells extracted from eye tumors, they found defects in the second copy of chromosome 13 in the exact area as in the first copy of the chromosome.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=material%1:27:00:: | definition=the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object | synonyms=stuff | examples=coal is a hard black material; wheat is the stuff they use to make bread
2. sense_key=material%1:10:00:: | definition=information (data or ideas or observations) that can be used or reworked into a finished form | examples=the archives provided rich material for a definitive biography
3. sense_key=material%1:06:00:: | definition=artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers | synonyms=fabric, cloth, textile | examples=the fabric in the curtains was light and semitransparent; woven cloth originated in Mesopotamia around 5000 BC
4. sense_key=material%1:06:01:: | definition=things needed for doing or making something | examples=writing materials; useful teaching materials
5. sense_key=material%1:18:00:: | definition=a person judged suitable for admission or employment | examples=he was university material; she was vice-presidential material

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `material`
    *   Target surface form: `material`
    *   Context: "...snippets of genetic <t>material</t> that can track a gene's presence in a cell."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `material%1:27:00::`: tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object (synonym: stuff).
        2.  `material%1:10:00::`: information (data, ideas, observations) for a finished form.
        3.  `material%1:06:00::`: artifact made by weaving/felting/knitting (synonym: fabric, cloth).
        4.  `material%1:06:01::`: things needed for doing or making something (e.g., writing materials).
        5.  `material%1:18:00::`: a person judged suitable for admission or employment.

    *   The phrase is "snippets of genetic material".
    *   "Genetic material" refers to DNA or RNA, which are the physical substances (molecules) that make up the genetic code of an organism.
    *   This is a tangible substance that makes up a physical object (the gene/chromosome/cell).

    *   Sense 1: "the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object". This fits perfectly. DNA/RNA is the substance that makes up genes.
    *   Sense 2: "information (data or ideas or observations)". While genetic material *carries* information, the "snippets" are physical pieces of the substance.
    *   Sense 3: "artifact made by weaving... fabric". Not applicable.
    *   Sense 4: "things needed for doing or making something". Not applicable.
    *   Sense 5: "a person judged suitable...". Not applicable.

    *   Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: presence
Target surface form: presence
Context:
Dr. Knudson found that some children with the eye cancer had inherited a damaged copy of chromosome No. 13 from a parent who had had the disease. Under a microscope he could actually see that a bit of chromosome 13 was missing. He assumed the missing piece contained a gene or genes whose loss had a critical role in setting off the cancer. But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, then at the University of Utah, found the answer. The team used a battery of the newly developed "gene probes, "snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's <t>presence</t> in a cell. By analyzing cells extracted from eye tumors, they found defects in the second copy of chromosome 13 in the exact area as in the first copy of the chromosome.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=presence%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being present; current existence | examples=he tested for the presence of radon
2. sense_key=presence%1:15:00:: | definition=the immediate proximity of someone or something | synonyms=front | examples=she blushed in his presence; he sensed the presence of danger
3. sense_key=presence%1:18:00:: | definition=an invisible spiritual being felt to be nearby
4. sense_key=presence%1:09:00:: | definition=the impression that something is present | examples=he felt the presence of an evil force
5. sense_key=presence%1:07:00:: | definition=dignified manner or conduct | synonyms=bearing, comportment, mien
6. sense_key=presence%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of being present

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "presence"
    *   Context: "...snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's <t>presence</t> in a cell."
    *   Meaning: The text is discussing genetic probes used to determine if a specific gene exists or is present within a cell.

    *   Sense 1: "the state of being present; current existence" (Example: "he tested for the presence of radon") - This fits perfectly. The probes test if the gene exists/is present in the cell.
    *   Sense 2: "the immediate proximity of someone or something" (Example: "she blushed in his presence") - This refers to being physically near someone. Not applicable.
    *   Sense 3: "an invisible spiritual being felt to be nearby" - Not applicable.
    *   Sense 4: "the impression that something is present" (Example: "he felt the presence of an evil force") - This refers to a feeling or perception. Not applicable.
    *   Sense 5: "dignified manner or conduct" - Not applicable.
    *   Sense 6: "the act of being present" - This usually refers to attendance (e.g., presence in class). Not applicable.

    *   The context "track a gene's presence in a cell" is almost identical in usage to the example "tested for the presence of radon". Both refer to the existence or occurrence of a substance/entity in a specific location.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cell
Target surface form: cell
Context:
Dr. Knudson found that some children with the eye cancer had inherited a damaged copy of chromosome No. 13 from a parent who had had the disease. Under a microscope he could actually see that a bit of chromosome 13 was missing. He assumed the missing piece contained a gene or genes whose loss had a critical role in setting off the cancer. But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, then at the University of Utah, found the answer. The team used a battery of the newly developed "gene probes, "snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a <t>cell</t>. By analyzing cells extracted from eye tumors, they found defects in the second copy of chromosome 13 in the exact area as in the first copy of the chromosome.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cell%1:06:03:: | definition=any small compartment | examples=the cells of a honeycomb
2. sense_key=cell%1:03:00:: | definition=(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
3. sense_key=cell%1:06:00:: | definition=a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction | synonyms=electric cell
4. sense_key=cell%1:14:00:: | definition=a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement | synonyms=cadre
5. sense_key=cell%1:06:04:: | definition=a hand-held mobile radiotelephone for use in an area divided into small sections, each with its own short-range transmitter/receiver | synonyms=cellular telephone, cellular phone, cellphone, mobile phone
6. sense_key=cell%1:06:02:: | definition=small room in which a monk or nun lives | synonyms=cubicle
7. sense_key=cell%1:06:01:: | definition=a room where a prisoner is kept | synonyms=jail cell, prison cell

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "cell"
    *   Target surface form: "cell"
    *   Context: "...snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a <t>cell</t>. By analyzing cells extracted from eye tumors..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  Small compartment (honeycomb).
        2.  (Biology) Basic structural and functional unit of all organisms.
        3.  Electric current device.
        4.  Political movement unit.
        5.  Mobile phone.
        6.  Monk/nun room.
        7.  Prisoner room.

    *   The context mentions "eye cancer", "chromosome No. 13", "gene or genes", "molecular geneticist", "gene probes", "genetic material", and "eye tumors".
    *   The specific phrase is "track a gene's presence in a cell" and "analyzing cells extracted from eye tumors".
    *   This is clearly referring to the biological unit of life.

    *   Sense 2: "(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms..." matches perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: analyze
Target surface form: analyzing
Context:
Under a microscope he could actually see that a bit of chromosome 13 was missing. He assumed the missing piece contained a gene or genes whose loss had a critical role in setting off the cancer. But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, then at the University of Utah, found the answer. The team used a battery of the newly developed "gene probes, "snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a cell. By <t>analyzing</t> cells extracted from eye tumors, they found defects in the second copy of chromosome 13 in the exact area as in the first copy of the chromosome. The finding riveted medicine.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=analyze%2:31:00:: | definition=consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning | synonyms=analyse, study, examine, canvass, canvas | examples=analyze a sonnet by Shakespeare; analyze the evidence in a criminal trial
2. sense_key=analyze%2:31:01:: | definition=make a mathematical, chemical, or grammatical analysis of; break down into components or essential features | synonyms=analyse, break down, dissect, take apart | examples=analyze a specimen; analyze a sentence
3. sense_key=analyze%2:31:04:: | definition=break down into components or essential features | synonyms=analyse | examples=analyze today's financial market
4. sense_key=analyze%2:31:03:: | definition=subject to psychoanalytic treatment | synonyms=analyse, psychoanalyze, psychoanalyse | examples=I was analyzed in Vienna by a famous psychiatrist

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `analyze`
    *   Target surface form: `analyzing`
    *   Context: "By <t>analyzing</t> cells extracted from eye tumors, they found defects in the second copy of chromosome 13..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `analyze%2:31:00`: consider in detail... to discover essential features or meaning (e.g., analyze a sonnet, analyze evidence).
        2.  `analyze%2:31:01`: make a mathematical, chemical, or grammatical analysis of; break down into components or essential features (e.g., analyze a specimen, analyze a sentence).
        3.  `analyze%2:31:04`: break down into components or essential features (e.g., analyze today's financial market).
        4.  `analyze%2:31:03`: subject to psychoanalytic treatment.

    *   The context describes a scientific process: using "gene probes" on "cells extracted from eye tumors" to find "defects in the second copy of chromosome 13".
    *   This is a biological/chemical analysis of a physical specimen (cells).

    *   Sense 1: General study/examination.
    *   Sense 2: Mathematical, chemical, or grammatical analysis; breaking down into components. Example: "analyze a specimen".
    *   Sense 3: Breaking down into components (more general/abstract, e.g., financial market).
    *   Sense 4: Psychoanalysis.

    *   The action is performed on "cells extracted from eye tumors". This fits perfectly with "analyze a specimen" in Sense 2.
    *   Sense 2 specifically mentions "chemical" analysis and "break down into components or essential features" in a way that fits laboratory work.

    *   Sense 1 is too general.
    *   Sense 2 is specific to scientific/technical analysis of specimens.
    *   Sense 3 is more about abstract systems (like markets).
    *   Sense 4 is irrelevant.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cell
Target surface form: cells
Context:
Under a microscope he could actually see that a bit of chromosome 13 was missing. He assumed the missing piece contained a gene or genes whose loss had a critical role in setting off the cancer. But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, then at the University of Utah, found the answer. The team used a battery of the newly developed "gene probes, "snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a cell. By analyzing <t>cells</t> extracted from eye tumors, they found defects in the second copy of chromosome 13 in the exact area as in the first copy of the chromosome. The finding riveted medicine.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cell%1:06:03:: | definition=any small compartment | examples=the cells of a honeycomb
2. sense_key=cell%1:03:00:: | definition=(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
3. sense_key=cell%1:06:00:: | definition=a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction | synonyms=electric cell
4. sense_key=cell%1:14:00:: | definition=a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement | synonyms=cadre
5. sense_key=cell%1:06:04:: | definition=a hand-held mobile radiotelephone for use in an area divided into small sections, each with its own short-range transmitter/receiver | synonyms=cellular telephone, cellular phone, cellphone, mobile phone
6. sense_key=cell%1:06:02:: | definition=small room in which a monk or nun lives | synonyms=cubicle
7. sense_key=cell%1:06:01:: | definition=a room where a prisoner is kept | synonyms=jail cell, prison cell

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "cell"
    *   Target surface form: "cells"
    *   Context: "By analyzing <t>cells</t> extracted from eye tumors..."
    *   Surrounding context: "microscope", "chromosome 13", "gene", "cancer", "molecular geneticist", "gene probes", "genetic material", "eye tumors".

    *   Sense 1: any small compartment (e.g., honeycomb)
    *   Sense 2: (biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms...
    *   Sense 3: a device that delivers an electric current... (electric cell)
    *   Sense 4: a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement (cadre)
    *   Sense 5: a hand-held mobile radiotelephone (cellphone)
    *   Sense 6: small room in which a monk or nun lives (cubicle)
    *   Sense 7: a room where a prisoner is kept (jail cell)

    *   The context is heavily biological/medical: "microscope", "chromosome", "gene", "cancer", "molecular geneticist", "eye tumors".
    *   "cells extracted from eye tumors" clearly refers to the biological unit of life.

    *   Sense 2 matches the biological definition perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: extract
Target surface form: extracted
Context:
Under a microscope he could actually see that a bit of chromosome 13 was missing. He assumed the missing piece contained a gene or genes whose loss had a critical role in setting off the cancer. But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, then at the University of Utah, found the answer. The team used a battery of the newly developed "gene probes, "snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a cell. By analyzing cells <t>extracted</t> from eye tumors, they found defects in the second copy of chromosome 13 in the exact area as in the first copy of the chromosome. The finding riveted medicine.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=extract%2:35:04:: | definition=remove, usually with some force or effort; also used in an abstract sense | synonyms=pull out, pull, pull up, take out, draw out | examples=pull weeds; extract a bad tooth
2. sense_key=extract%2:40:00:: | definition=get despite difficulties or obstacles | examples=I extracted a promise from the Dean for two new positions
3. sense_key=extract%2:36:00:: | definition=deduce (a principle) or construe (a meaning) | synonyms=educe, evoke, elicit, draw out | examples=We drew out some interesting linguistic data from the native informant
4. sense_key=extract%2:30:00:: | definition=extract by the process of distillation | synonyms=distill, distil | examples=distill the essence of this compound
5. sense_key=extract%2:35:07:: | definition=separate (a metal) from an ore
6. sense_key=extract%2:35:05:: | definition=obtain from a substance, as by mechanical action | synonyms=press out, express | examples=Italians express coffee rather than filter it
7. sense_key=extract%2:31:00:: | definition=take out of a literary work in order to cite or copy | synonyms=excerpt, take out
8. sense_key=extract%2:31:02:: | definition=calculate the root of a number

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `extract`
    *   Target surface form: `extracted`
    *   Context: "By analyzing cells <t>extracted</t> from eye tumors..."
    *   Meaning: The cells were taken out of the eye tumors for analysis.

    *   Sense 1: remove, usually with some force or effort; also used in an abstract sense (pull out, take out). Examples: pull weeds, extract a tooth.
    *   Sense 2: get despite difficulties or obstacles (e.g., a promise).
    *   Sense 3: deduce (a principle) or construe (a meaning).
    *   Sense 4: extract by the process of distillation.
    *   Sense 5: separate (a metal) from an ore.
    *   Sense 6: obtain from a substance, as by mechanical action (e.g., express coffee).
    *   Sense 7: take out of a literary work in order to cite or copy.
    *   Sense 8: calculate the root of a number.

    *   The context describes taking biological cells from a tumor.
    *   Sense 1 ("remove... take out") fits best. While "force or effort" is mentioned, the core meaning is removing something from a larger whole.
    *   Sense 6 ("obtain from a substance, as by mechanical action") usually refers to liquids or essences (like coffee or oil).
    *   Sense 1 is the general sense of removing something physically from a location.

    *   Sense 1: "remove... take out" -> "cells extracted from eye tumors" (cells taken out of tumors). This is a standard usage for biological samples.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: eye
Target surface form: eye
Context:
Under a microscope he could actually see that a bit of chromosome 13 was missing. He assumed the missing piece contained a gene or genes whose loss had a critical role in setting off the cancer. But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, then at the University of Utah, found the answer. The team used a battery of the newly developed "gene probes, "snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a cell. By analyzing cells extracted from <t>eye</t> tumors, they found defects in the second copy of chromosome 13 in the exact area as in the first copy of the chromosome. The finding riveted medicine.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=eye%1:08:00:: | definition=the organ of sight | synonyms=oculus, optic
2. sense_key=eye%1:09:00:: | definition=good discernment (either visually or as if visually) | examples=she has an eye for fresh talent; he has an artist's eye
3. sense_key=eye%1:09:01:: | definition=attention to what is seen | examples=he tried to catch her eye
4. sense_key=eye%1:15:00:: | definition=an area that is approximately central within some larger region | synonyms=center, centre, middle, heart | examples=it is in the center of town; they ran forward into the heart of the struggle
5. sense_key=eye%1:06:00:: | definition=a small hole or loop (as in a needle) | examples=the thread wouldn't go through the eye

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "eye"
    *   Target surface form: "eye"
    *   Context: "By analyzing cells extracted from <t>eye</t> tumors, they found defects in the second copy of chromosome 13..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `eye%1:08:00::`: the organ of sight
        2.  `eye%1:09:00::`: good discernment
        3.  `eye%1:09:01::`: attention to what is seen
        4.  `eye%1:15:00::`: an area that is approximately central
        5.  `eye%1:06:00::`: a small hole or loop

    *   The phrase is "eye tumors".
    *   Tumors are growths of tissue.
    *   "Eye tumors" refers to tumors located in the organ of sight.

    *   Sense 1: "the organ of sight" - Fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "good discernment" - Does not fit.
    *   Sense 3: "attention to what is seen" - Does not fit.
    *   Sense 4: "an area that is approximately central" - Does not fit.
    *   Sense 5: "a small hole or loop" - Does not fit.

    *   The target word "eye" in "eye tumors" refers to the biological organ of sight.
    *   This corresponds to sense index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: find
Target surface form: found
Context:
Under a microscope he could actually see that a bit of chromosome 13 was missing. He assumed the missing piece contained a gene or genes whose loss had a critical role in setting off the cancer. But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, then at the University of Utah, found the answer. The team used a battery of the newly developed "gene probes, "snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a cell. By analyzing cells extracted from eye tumors, they <t>found</t> defects in the second copy of chromosome 13 in the exact area as in the first copy of the chromosome. The finding riveted medicine.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=find%2:40:02:: | definition=come upon, as if by accident; meet with | synonyms=happen, chance, bump, encounter | examples=We find this idea in Plato; I happened upon the most wonderful bakery not very far from here
2. sense_key=find%2:39:02:: | definition=discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of | synonyms=detect, observe, discover, notice | examples=She detected high levels of lead in her drinking water; We found traces of lead in the paint
3. sense_key=find%2:40:00:: | definition=come upon after searching; find the location of something that was missed or lost | synonyms=regain | examples=Did you find your glasses?; I cannot find my gloves!
4. sense_key=find%2:32:00:: | definition=establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study | synonyms=determine, find out, ascertain | examples=find the product of two numbers; The physicist who found the elusive particle won the Nobel Prize
5. sense_key=find%2:31:10:: | definition=come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds | synonyms=feel | examples=I feel that he doesn't like me; I find him to be obnoxious
6. sense_key=find%2:39:01:: | definition=perceive or be contemporaneous with | synonyms=witness, see | examples=We found Republicans winning the offices; You'll see a lot of cheating in this school
7. sense_key=find%2:40:01:: | definition=get something or somebody for a specific purpose | synonyms=line up, get hold, come up | examples=I found this gadget that will serve as a bottle opener; I got hold of these tools to fix our plumbing
8. sense_key=find%2:36:00:: | definition=make a discovery, make a new finding | synonyms=discover | examples=Roentgen discovered X-rays; Physicists believe they found a new elementary particle
9. sense_key=find%2:31:09:: | definition=make a discovery | synonyms=discover | examples=She found that he had lied to her; The story is false, so far as I can discover
10. sense_key=find%2:40:03:: | definition=obtain through effort or management | examples=She found the time and energy to take care of her aging parents; We found the money to send our sons to college
11. sense_key=find%2:32:01:: | definition=decide on and make a declaration about | synonyms=rule | examples=find someone guilty
12. sense_key=find%2:30:00:: | definition=receive a specified treatment (abstract) | synonyms=receive, get, obtain, incur | examples=These aspects of civilization do not find expression or receive an interpretation; His movie received a good review
13. sense_key=find%2:39:05:: | definition=perceive oneself to be in a certain condition or place | examples=I found myself in a difficult situation; When he woke up, he found himself in a hospital room
14. sense_key=find%2:40:15:: | definition=get or find back; recover the use of | synonyms=recover, retrieve, regain | examples=She regained control of herself; She found her voice and replied quickly
15. sense_key=find%2:38:10:: | definition=succeed in reaching; arrive at | examples=The arrow found its mark
16. sense_key=find%2:30:13:: | definition=accept and make use of one's personality, abilities, and situation | synonyms=find oneself | examples=My son went to Berkeley to find himself

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `find`
    *   Target surface form: `found`
    *   Context: "By analyzing cells extracted from eye tumors, they <t>found</t> defects in the second copy of chromosome 13 in the exact area as in the first copy of the chromosome."

    *   The sentence describes a scientific process: analyzing cells extracted from tumors.
    *   The result of this analysis was the discovery of "defects in the second copy of chromosome 13".
    *   This is a scientific observation/detection of something's presence (defects).

    *   Sense 1: come upon by accident (not accidental, it was a study).
    *   Sense 2: discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of (synonyms: detect, observe, discover, notice). Example: "She detected high levels of lead in her drinking water; We found traces of lead in the paint." (This fits very well: detecting defects in chromosomes).
    *   Sense 3: come upon after searching (lost/missed items). (Not lost items).
    *   Sense 4: establish after calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study (synonyms: determine, find out, ascertain). Example: "find the product of two numbers; The physicist who found the elusive particle won the Nobel Prize." (This is close, but Sense 2 is more about detecting the *presence* of something).
    *   Sense 5: come to believe on basis of emotion/intuition. (Not applicable).
    *   Sense 6: perceive or be contemporaneous with. (Not applicable).
    *   Sense 7: get something for a specific purpose. (Not applicable).
    *   Sense 8: make a discovery, make a new finding (synonyms: discover). Example: "Roentgen discovered X-rays". (This is more about a general discovery of a new phenomenon rather than detecting a specific instance of a defect in a sample).
    *   Sense 9: make a discovery (synonyms: discover). Example: "She found that he had lied to her". (More about discovering a fact).
    *   Sense 10: obtain through effort. (Not applicable).
    *   Sense 11: decide/declare (legal). (Not applicable).
    *   Sense 12: receive treatment. (Not applicable).
    *   Sense 13: perceive oneself in a condition. (Not applicable).
    *   Sense 14: recover. (Not applicable).
    *   Sense 15: succeed in reaching. (Not applicable).
    *   Sense 16: find oneself. (Not applicable).

    *   Sense 2: "discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of" (detect, observe). Example: "found traces of lead in the paint".
    *   Sense 4: "establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study" (determine, find out). Example: "found the elusive particle".
    *   Sense 8: "make a discovery, make a new finding" (discover). Example: "discovered X-rays".

    The context is "analyzing cells... they found defects". This is very similar to "found traces of lead in the paint" (Sense 2). They are detecting the presence of defects in a sample. Sense 4 is more about establishing a result or a value. Sense 8 is about a major scientific breakthrough (like X-rays). Sense 2 specifically mentions detecting the *presence* of something in a sample.

    *   Context: "found defects in the second copy of chromosome 13"
    *   Sense 2: "discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of" (detect, observe).
    *   This matches perfectly.

    *   Sense 2: detect, observe, discover, notice.
    *   Sense 4: determine, find out, ascertain.
    *   Sense 8: discover.

    "Found defects" in a biological sample is a classic case of detection/observation of presence.

    *   Sense 2: "We found traces of lead in the paint" -> "they found defects in the second copy of chromosome 13". (Strong match).
    *   Sense 4: "The physicist who found the elusive particle" -> "they found defects". (Possible, but Sense 2 is more precise for detecting something in a sample).
    *   Sense 8: "Roentgen discovered X-rays" -> "they found defects". (Too broad).

    Sense 2 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: defect
Target surface form: defects
Context:
Under a microscope he could actually see that a bit of chromosome 13 was missing. He assumed the missing piece contained a gene or genes whose loss had a critical role in setting off the cancer. But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, then at the University of Utah, found the answer. The team used a battery of the newly developed "gene probes, "snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a cell. By analyzing cells extracted from eye tumors, they found <t>defects</t> in the second copy of chromosome 13 in the exact area as in the first copy of the chromosome. The finding riveted medicine.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=defect%1:26:01:: | definition=an imperfection in a bodily system | examples=visual defects; this device permits detection of defects in the lungs
2. sense_key=defect%1:07:01:: | definition=a failing or deficiency | synonyms=shortcoming | examples=that interpretation is an unfortunate defect of our lack of information
3. sense_key=defect%1:26:00:: | definition=an imperfection in an object or machine | synonyms=fault, flaw | examples=a flaw caused the crystal to shatter; if there are any defects you should send it back to the manufacturer
4. sense_key=defect%1:07:00:: | definition=a mark or flaw that spoils the appearance of something (especially on a person's body) | synonyms=blemish, mar | examples=a facial blemish

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `defect`
    *   Target surface form: `defects`
    *   Context: "By analyzing cells extracted from eye tumors, they found <t>defects</t> in the second copy of chromosome 13 in the exact area as in the first copy of the chromosome."
    *   Key context clues: "cells extracted from eye tumors", "chromosome 13", "missing piece", "gene or genes whose loss had a critical role".

    *   Sense 1: `defect%1:26:01::` - an imperfection in a bodily system (examples: visual defects, defects in the lungs).
    *   Sense 2: `defect%1:07:01::` - a failing or deficiency (synonym: shortcoming).
    *   Sense 3: `defect%1:26:00::` - an imperfection in an object or machine (synonyms: fault, flaw).
    *   Sense 4: `defect%1:07:00::` - a mark or flaw that spoils the appearance of something (synonyms: blemish, mar).

    *   The context describes genetic mutations/missing pieces of chromosomes in cells.
    *   Chromosomes are part of the biological/bodily system.
    *   Sense 1 specifically mentions "imperfection in a bodily system".
    *   Sense 3 is for objects or machines.
    *   Sense 2 is for abstract failings (shortcomings).
    *   Sense 4 is for appearance (blemishes).

    *   The "defects" are missing pieces of chromosomes in cells from eye tumors. This fits "an imperfection in a bodily system" (Sense 1) much better than an imperfection in a machine (Sense 3) or a character flaw (Sense 2) or a skin blemish (Sense 4).

    *   Sense 1: `defect%1:26:01::` (imperfection in a bodily system).

    *   Wait, is a chromosome a "bodily system"? A chromosome is a structure within a cell, and the genetic makeup is part of the biological system of the body.
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 3: "imperfection in an object or machine". While a chromosome is a physical object, "bodily system" is a more precise fit for biological contexts.
    *   Let's check Sense 1 examples: "visual defects", "defects in the lungs". These are biological/medical.
    *   The context is clearly medical/genetic.

    *   Sense 1: Bodily system.
    *   Sense 2: Failing/deficiency (abstract).
    *   Sense 3: Object/machine.
    *   Sense 4: Appearance/blemish.

    The most appropriate sense for genetic mutations/chromosomal abnormalities is Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: second
Target surface form: second
Context:
Under a microscope he could actually see that a bit of chromosome 13 was missing. He assumed the missing piece contained a gene or genes whose loss had a critical role in setting off the cancer. But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, then at the University of Utah, found the answer. The team used a battery of the newly developed "gene probes, "snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a cell. By analyzing cells extracted from eye tumors, they found defects in the <t>second</t> copy of chromosome 13 in the exact area as in the first copy of the chromosome. The finding riveted medicine.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=second%5:00:00:ordinal:00 | definition=coming next after the first in position in space or time or degree or magnitude | synonyms=2nd, 2d
2. sense_key=second%3:00:00:: | definition=a part or voice or instrument or orchestra section lower in pitch than or subordinate to the first | examples=second flute; the second violins

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "second"
    *   Target surface form: "second"
    *   Context: "...they found defects in the <t>second</t> copy of chromosome 13 in the exact area as in the first copy of the chromosome."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `second%5:00:00:ordinal:00`: coming next after the first in position in space or time or degree or magnitude.
        2.  `second%3:00:00::`: a part or voice or instrument or orchestra section lower in pitch than or subordinate to the first.

    *   The sentence mentions "the second copy of chromosome 13" and compares it to "the first copy of the chromosome."
    *   This refers to the ordinal position (the one following the first).

    *   Sense 1: Ordinal number (1st, 2nd, 3rd...). This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: Musical/orchestral context (second flute, second violin). This does not fit.

    *   The correct sense is Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: copy
Target surface form: copy
Context:
Under a microscope he could actually see that a bit of chromosome 13 was missing. He assumed the missing piece contained a gene or genes whose loss had a critical role in setting off the cancer. But he did not know which gene or genes had disappeared. Then, a scientific team led by molecular geneticist Webster Cavenee, then at the University of Utah, found the answer. The team used a battery of the newly developed "gene probes, "snippets of genetic material that can track a gene's presence in a cell. By analyzing cells extracted from eye tumors, they found defects in the second <t>copy</t> of chromosome 13 in the exact area as in the first copy of the chromosome. The finding riveted medicine.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=copy%1:10:00:: | definition=a reproduction of a written record (e.g. of a legal or school record) | synonyms=transcript
2. sense_key=copy%1:06:00:: | definition=a thing made to be similar or identical to another thing | examples=she made a copy of the designer dress; the clone was a copy of its ancestor
3. sense_key=copy%1:10:01:: | definition=matter to be printed; exclusive of graphical materials | synonyms=written matter
4. sense_key=copy%1:10:02:: | definition=material suitable for a journalistic account | examples=catastrophes make good copy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `copy`
    *   Target surface form: `copy`
    *   Context: "...they found defects in the second <t>copy</t> of chromosome 13 in the exact area as in the first copy of the chromosome."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `copy%1:10:00::`: reproduction of a written record (transcript).
        2.  `copy%1:06:00::`: a thing made to be similar or identical to another thing (e.g., clone, designer dress).
        3.  `copy%1:10:01::`: matter to be printed (written matter).
        4.  `copy%1:10:02::`: material suitable for a journalistic account.

    *   The context refers to "the second copy of chromosome 13" and "the first copy of the chromosome."
    *   In genetics, humans have two copies of each chromosome (one from each parent). These are identical (or nearly identical) versions of the same genetic structure.
    *   This fits the definition of "a thing made to be similar or identical to another thing."

    *   Sense 1: Written record (No).
    *   Sense 2: Thing made to be similar or identical (Yes - chromosomes are biological copies/duplicates).
    *   Sense 3: Matter to be printed (No).
    *   Sense 4: Journalistic material (No).

    *   Sense 2 is the only one that fits the biological context of duplicate chromosomes.