[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: hold
Target surface form: hold
Context:
In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters <t>hold</t> Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=hold%2:42:00:: | definition=keep in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., | synonyms=keep, maintain | examples=keep clean; hold in place
2. sense_key=hold%2:35:00:: | definition=have or hold in one's hands or grip | synonyms=take hold | examples=Hold this bowl for a moment, please; A crazy idea took hold of him
3. sense_key=hold%2:36:00:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=throw, have, make, give | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
4. sense_key=hold%2:40:00:: | definition=have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense | synonyms=have, have got | examples=She has $1,000 in the bank; He has got two beautiful daughters
5. sense_key=hold%2:31:01:: | definition=keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view | synonyms=deem, view as, take for | examples=take for granted; view as important
6. sense_key=hold%2:37:00:: | definition=maintain (a theory, thoughts, or feelings) | synonyms=harbor, harbour, entertain, nurse | examples=bear a grudge; entertain interesting notions
7. sense_key=hold%2:35:03:: | definition=to close within bounds, limit or hold back from movement | synonyms=restrain, confine | examples=This holds the local until the express passengers change trains; About a dozen animals were held inside the stockade
8. sense_key=hold%2:40:02:: | definition=secure and keep for possible future use or application | synonyms=retain, keep back, hold back | examples=The landlord retained the security deposit; I reserve the right to disagree
9. sense_key=hold%2:40:04:: | definition=have rightfully; of rights, titles, and offices | synonyms=bear | examples=She bears the title of Duchess; He held the governorship for almost a decade
10. sense_key=hold%2:35:01:: | definition=be the physical support of; carry the weight of | synonyms=support, sustain, hold up | examples=The beam holds up the roof; He supported me with one hand while I balanced on the beam
11. sense_key=hold%2:42:13:: | definition=contain or hold; have within | synonyms=bear, carry, contain | examples=The jar carries wine; The canteen holds fresh water
12. sense_key=hold%2:42:05:: | definition=have room for; hold without crowding | synonyms=accommodate, admit | examples=This hotel can accommodate 250 guests; The theater admits 300 people
13. sense_key=hold%2:42:01:: | definition=remain in a certain state, position, or condition | examples=The weather held; They held on the road and kept marching
14. sense_key=hold%2:35:02:: | definition=support or hold in a certain manner | synonyms=carry, bear | examples=She holds her head high; He carried himself upright
15. sense_key=hold%2:42:02:: | definition=be valid, applicable, or true | synonyms=prevail, obtain | examples=This theory still holds
16. sense_key=hold%2:31:08:: | definition=assert or affirm | examples=Rousseau's philosophy holds that people are inherently good
17. sense_key=hold%2:42:07:: | definition=have as a major characteristic | examples=The novel holds many surprises; The book holds in store much valuable advise
18. sense_key=hold%2:42:14:: | definition=be capable of holding or containing | synonyms=contain, take | examples=This box won't take all the items; The flask holds one gallon
19. sense_key=hold%2:41:00:: | definition=arrange for and reserve (something for someone else) in advance | synonyms=reserve, book | examples=reserve me a seat on a flight; The agent booked tickets to the show for the whole family
20. sense_key=hold%2:33:05:: | definition=protect against a challenge or attack | synonyms=defend, guard | examples=Hold that position behind the trees!; Hold the bridge against the enemy's attacks
21. sense_key=hold%2:32:13:: | definition=bind by an obligation; cause to be indebted | synonyms=oblige, bind, obligate | examples=He's held by a contract; I'll hold you by your promise
22. sense_key=hold%2:31:04:: | definition=hold the attention of | examples=The soprano held the audience; This story held our interest
23. sense_key=hold%2:31:10:: | definition=remain committed to | examples=I hold to these ideas
24. sense_key=hold%2:42:08:: | definition=resist or confront with resistance | synonyms=defy, withstand, hold up | examples=The politician defied public opinion; The new material withstands even the greatest wear and tear
25. sense_key=hold%2:42:04:: | definition=be pertinent or relevant or applicable | synonyms=apply, go for | examples=The same laws apply to you!; This theory holds for all irrational numbers
26. sense_key=hold%2:42:12:: | definition=stop dealing with | examples=hold all calls to the President's office while he is in a meeting
27. sense_key=hold%2:41:15:: | definition=lessen the intensity of; temper; hold in restraint; hold or keep within limits | synonyms=control, hold in, contain, check, curb, moderate | examples=moderate your alcohol intake; hold your tongue
28. sense_key=hold%2:41:13:: | definition=keep from departing | examples=Hold the taxi; Hold the horse
29. sense_key=hold%2:41:14:: | definition=take and maintain control over, often by violent means | examples=The dissatisfied students held the President's office for almost a week
30. sense_key=hold%2:38:05:: | definition=cause to stop | synonyms=halt, arrest | examples=Halt the engines; Arrest the progress
31. sense_key=hold%2:35:09:: | definition=cover as for protection against noise or smell | examples=She held her ears when the jackhammer started to operate; hold one's nose
32. sense_key=hold%2:34:00:: | definition=drink alcohol without showing ill effects | synonyms=carry | examples=He can hold his liquor; he had drunk more than he could carry
33. sense_key=hold%2:33:00:: | definition=aim, point, or direct | examples=Hold the fire extinguisher directly on the flames
34. sense_key=hold%2:32:11:: | definition=declare to be | synonyms=declare, adjudge | examples=She was declared incompetent; judge held that the defendant was innocent
35. sense_key=hold%2:32:15:: | definition=be in accord; be in agreement | synonyms=agree, concur, concord | examples=We agreed on the terms of the settlement; I can't agree with you!
36. sense_key=hold%2:29:04:: | definition=keep from exhaling or expelling | examples=hold your breath

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `hold`
    *   Target surface form: `hold`
    *   Context: "...it explains why voters <t>hold</t> Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives..."

    *   "voters hold Congress in disdain"
    *   The phrase "hold [someone/something] in [emotion/opinion]" (e.g., hold in disdain, hold in high esteem, hold in contempt).
    *   This means to view, deem, or consider someone/something in a particular way.

    *   Sense 1: keep in a certain state, position, or activity (keep clean) - No.
    *   Sense 2: have or hold in one's hands or grip - No.
    *   Sense 3: organize or be responsible for (hold a reception) - No.
    *   Sense 4: have or possess (concrete or abstract) - No.
    *   Sense 5: keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view (synonyms: deem, view as, take for; examples: take for granted; view as important) - This looks very promising. "Hold in disdain" = "view as disdainful" or "deem with disdain".
    *   Sense 6: maintain (a theory, thoughts, or feelings) (synonyms: harbor, entertain, nurse; examples: bear a grudge) - This is close, but "hold in disdain" is more about the *view* of the object rather than just harboring the feeling. However, "bear a grudge" is similar. Let's re-evaluate Sense 5.
    *   Sense 7: close within bounds, limit - No.
    *   Sense 8: secure and keep for future use - No.
    *   Sense 9: have rightfully (rights, titles) - No.
    *   Sense 10: be the physical support of - No.
    *   Sense 11: contain or hold - No.
    *   Sense 12: have room for - No.
    *   Sense 13: remain in a certain state - No.
    *   Sense 14: support or hold in a certain manner - No.
    *   Sense 15: be valid, applicable, or true - No.
    *   Sense 16: assert or affirm - No.
    *   Sense 17: have as a major characteristic - No.
    *   Sense 18: be capable of holding or containing - No.
    *   Sense 19: arrange for and reserve - No.
    *   Sense 20: protect against a challenge or attack - No.
    *   Sense 21: bind by an obligation - No.
    *   Sense 22: hold the attention of - No.
    *   Sense 23: remain committed to - No.
    *   Sense 24: resist or confront with resistance - No.
    *   Sense 25: be pertinent or relevant - No.
    *   Sense 26: stop dealing with - No.
    *   Sense 27: lessen the intensity of - No.
    *   Sense 28: keep from departing - No.
    *   Sense 29: take and maintain control over - No.
    *   Sense 30: cause to stop - No.
    *   Sense 31: cover as for protection - No.
    *   Sense 32: drink alcohol without showing ill effects - No.
    *   Sense 33: aim, point, or direct - No.
    *   Sense 34: declare to be - No.
    *   Sense 35: be in accord - No.
    *   Sense 36: keep from exhaling - No.

    *   Sense 5: "keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view" (synonyms: deem, view as, take for).
    *   Sense 6: "maintain (a theory, thoughts, or feelings)" (synonyms: harbor, entertain, nurse).
    *   "Hold in disdain" means to view someone with disdain.
    *   Example for Sense 5: "view as important". "Hold in disdain" fits the pattern "view as [adjective/noun]".
    *   Example for Sense 6: "bear a grudge". This is more about the internal state of the person holding the feeling.
    *   Comparing "hold in disdain" to "view as important" (Sense 5) vs "bear a grudge" (Sense 6). "Hold in disdain" is a way of perceiving the object (Congress).

    *   Sense 5: "keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view" (deem, view as).
    *   "Voters hold Congress in disdain" = "Voters view Congress as disdainful" or "Voters deem Congress with disdain".
    *   This matches Sense 5 perfectly.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: disdain
Target surface form: disdain
Context:
In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in <t>disdain</t> but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=disdain%1:12:00:: | definition=lack of respect accompanied by a feeling of intense dislike | synonyms=contempt, scorn, despite | examples=he was held in contempt; the despite in which outsiders were held is legendary
2. sense_key=disdain%1:10:00:: | definition=a communication that indicates lack of respect by patronizing the recipient | synonyms=condescension, patronage

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `disdain`
    *   Target surface form: `disdain`
    *   Context: "...it explains why voters hold Congress in <t>disdain</t> but generally love their own congressional representatives..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `disdain%1:12:00::`: lack of respect accompanied by a feeling of intense dislike (synonyms: contempt, scorn, despite).
        2.  `disdain%1:10:00::`: a communication that indicates lack of respect by patronizing the recipient (synonyms: condescension, patronage).

    *   The sentence says "voters hold Congress in disdain".
    *   This describes an attitude or feeling that voters have toward Congress.
    *   Sense 1 describes a feeling/state of mind ("lack of respect accompanied by a feeling of intense dislike").
    *   Sense 2 describes a specific act of communication ("a communication that indicates lack of respect").

    *   "Hold [someone/something] in disdain" is a common idiom meaning to feel contempt for them.
    *   It refers to the internal feeling/attitude, not a specific patronizing communication.

    *   Sense 1 fits perfectly (contempt, lack of respect).
    *   Sense 2 does not fit (it's not a specific communication/act of condescension).

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: love
Target surface form: love
Context:
In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally <t>love</t> their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=love%2:37:00:: | definition=have a great affection or liking for | examples=I love French food; She loves her boss and works hard for him
2. sense_key=love%2:37:02:: | definition=get pleasure from | synonyms=enjoy | examples=I love cooking
3. sense_key=love%2:37:01:: | definition=be enamored or in love with | examples=She loves her husband deeply
4. sense_key=love%2:35:00:: | definition=have sexual intercourse with | synonyms=sleep together, roll in the hay, make out, make love, sleep with, get laid | examples=This student sleeps with everyone in her dorm; Adam knew Eve

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `love`
    *   Target surface form: `love`
    *   Context: "...it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally <t>love</t> their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `love%2:37:00::`: have a great affection or liking for (e.g., I love French food; She loves her boss)
        2.  `love%2:37:02::`: get pleasure from (synonym: enjoy) (e.g., I love cooking)
        3.  `love%2:37:01::`: be enamored or in love with (e.g., She loves her husband deeply)
        4.  `love%2:35:00::`: have sexual intercourse with (synonym: sleep together)

    *   The sentence describes the relationship between voters and their congressional representatives.
    *   The contrast is with "hold Congress in disdain".
    *   The reason given is that constituents "appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them".
    *   This is a feeling of liking, appreciation, or affection for a public figure based on their performance/benefits provided, not romantic love (sense 3), sexual intercourse (sense 4), or simply enjoying an activity (sense 2).

    *   Sense 1: "have a great affection or liking for". This fits perfectly. Liking a representative because they bring home benefits is a form of "liking for" or "affection for" (in a non-romantic, general sense).
    *   Sense 2: "get pleasure from" (enjoy). This usually applies to activities (cooking, reading). While one can enjoy a person, "love" in the context of a political representative is more about liking/appreciating them.
    *   Sense 3: "be enamored or in love with". This is romantic love. Not applicable here.
    *   Sense 4: "have sexual intercourse with". Not applicable here.

    *   The context "voters... generally love their own congressional representatives" clearly indicates a strong liking or appreciation. Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: representative
Target surface form: representatives
Context:
In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional <t>representatives</t>: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=representative%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who represents others
2. sense_key=representative%1:18:02:: | definition=an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose | synonyms=spokesperson, interpreter, voice | examples=the meeting was attended by spokespersons for all the major organs of government
3. sense_key=representative%1:18:01:: | definition=a member of the United States House of Representatives | synonyms=congressman, congresswoman
4. sense_key=representative%1:09:00:: | definition=an item of information that is typical of a class or group | synonyms=example, illustration, instance | examples=this patient provides a typical example of the syndrome; there is an example on page 10

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `representative`
    *   Target surface form: `representatives`
    *   Context: "...it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional <t>representatives</t>: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `representative%1:18:00::` a person who represents others
        2.  `representative%1:18:02::` an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose (spokesperson)
        3.  `representative%1:18:01::` a member of the United States House of Representatives (congressman, congresswoman)
        4.  `representative%1:09:00::` an item of information that is typical of a class or group (example)

    *   The word "representatives" is modified by "congressional".
    *   The context mentions "Congress", "legislator", "constituents", and "races for Congress".
    *   The sentence says "voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives".
    *   This clearly refers to the elected officials in the US House of Representatives (or Congress in general).

    *   Sense 1: General term for someone who represents others.
    *   Sense 2: Spokesperson/advocate.
    *   Sense 3: Specifically a member of the US House of Representatives (synonyms: congressman, congresswoman).
    *   Sense 4: An example.

    *   Sense 3 is the most specific and accurate fit for "congressional representatives" in the context of the US government and Congress.

    *   The target word is "representatives".
    *   The context is about the US Congress.
    *   Sense 3 is "a member of the United States House of Representatives".
    *   This is the perfect match.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: individual
Target surface form: individual
Context:
In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any <t>individual</t> legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=individual%3:00:00:: | definition=being or characteristic of a single thing or person | synonyms=single | examples=individual drops of rain; please mark the individual pages
2. sense_key=individual%5:00:00:independent:00 | definition=separate and distinct from others of the same kind | synonyms=case-by-case, item-by-item | examples=mark the individual pages; on a case-by-case basis
3. sense_key=individual%5:00:00:unshared:00 | definition=characteristic of or meant for a single person or thing | synonyms=single | examples=an individual serving; single occupancy
4. sense_key=individual%5:00:00:personal:00 | definition=concerning one person exclusively | synonyms=private | examples=we all have individual cars; each room has a private bath

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `individual`
    *   Target surface form: `individual`
    *   Context: "Any <t>individual</t> legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency."

    *   Sense 1: `being or characteristic of a single thing or person` (synonym: single). Example: "individual drops of rain".
    *   Sense 2: `separate and distinct from others of the same kind` (synonyms: case-by-case, item-by-item). Example: "mark the individual pages".
    *   Sense 3: `characteristic of or meant for a single person or thing` (synonym: single). Example: "an individual serving".
    *   Sense 4: `concerning one person exclusively` (synonym: private). Example: "we all have individual cars".

    *   The phrase is "Any individual legislator's constituents".
    *   Here, "individual" modifies "legislator".
    *   It means "each single legislator" or "any one legislator" as opposed to the group of legislators as a whole.
    *   It emphasizes the singularity or the distinctness of one legislator among many.

    *   Sense 1: "being or characteristic of a single thing or person". This fits well. It describes the legislator as a single entity.
    *   Sense 2: "separate and distinct from others of the same kind". This also fits, as it distinguishes one legislator from the others.
    *   Sense 3: "characteristic of or meant for a single person or thing". This usually refers to things *for* a person (like a serving). Not a great fit.
    *   Sense 4: "concerning one person exclusively". This usually refers to private ownership or personal matters. Not a great fit.

    *   Sense 1 vs. Sense 2:
        *   Sense 1: "individual drops of rain" (single drops).
        *   Sense 2: "mark the individual pages" (each page separately).
        *   In "Any individual legislator", the meaning is "any single legislator" or "each legislator considered separately".
        *   Looking at the context: "Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits... but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise".
        *   The contrast is between the *single* legislator and the *collective* group of legislators.
        *   Sense 1 ("being or characteristic of a single thing or person") is a very general description of "single".
        *   Sense 2 ("separate and distinct from others of the same kind") emphasizes the distinction from the group.

    *   Let's re-examine the senses provided:
        1. `being or characteristic of a single thing or person` (synonym: single)
        2. `separate and distinct from others of the same kind` (synonyms: case-by-case, item-by-item)
        3. `characteristic of or meant for a single person or thing` (synonym: single)
        4. `concerning one person exclusively` (synonym: private)

    *   In "Any individual legislator", "individual" is used as an adjective meaning "single" or "particular".
    *   Comparing "individual drops of rain" (Sense 1) to "individual legislator", they are very similar.
    *   Comparing "mark the individual pages" (Sense 2) to "individual legislator", Sense 2 often implies a process of dealing with things one by one (case-by-case).

    *   Wait, let's look at the synonyms for Sense 1: "single".
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 2: "case-by-case, item-by-item".
    *   "Any individual legislator" means "any single legislator".

    *   Let's double-check Sense 1 again: "being or characteristic of a single thing or person".
    *   Let's double-check Sense 2 again: "separate and distinct from others of the same kind".

    *   In the sentence "Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise", the word "individual" is used to highlight the single entity in contrast to the collective.

    *   Sense 1: "individual drops of rain" -> single drops.
    *   Sense 2: "mark the individual pages" -> each page separately.

    *   Actually, "individual legislator" is more like "single legislator".

    *   Let's re-read the senses one more time.
        1. `being or characteristic of a single thing or person`
        2. `separate and distinct from others of the same kind`

    *   If I say "each individual person", I usually mean "each single person".
    *   If I say "individual characteristics", I mean characteristics that distinguish one person from another (Sense 2).
    *   In "individual legislator", it's used to specify that we are talking about one legislator at a time.

    *   Let's look at the examples again.
        Sense 1: "individual drops of rain"
        Sense 2: "mark the individual pages"

    *   "Individual drops of rain" (Sense 1) describes the drops as single units.
    *   "Mark the individual pages" (Sense 2) describes the pages as separate units to be dealt with.

    *   "Any individual legislator" is very similar to "any single legislator".

    *   Let's consider if Sense 2 is better. "Separate and distinct from others of the same kind". A legislator is separate and distinct from other legislators.

    *   Wait, let's look at the synonyms for Sense 2: "case-by-case, item-by-item". These are adverbial phrases. This suggests Sense 2 is often used in the context of a process.

    *   Sense 1 synonym: "single". "Any single legislator". This fits perfectly.

    *   Let's re-verify Sense 1: "being or characteristic of a single thing or person".
    *   "Individual legislator" -> a legislator who is a single person.

    *   Let's check Sense 2 again: "separate and distinct from others of the same kind".
    *   Is "individual" here emphasizing the *distinctness* or the *singularity*?
    *   "Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits... but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator..."
    *   The contrast is between the *single* legislator and the *group* of legislators. This points toward "single" (Sense 1).

    *   Let's look at the examples for Sense 1 and 2 again.
        Sense 1: "individual drops of rain"
        Sense 2: "mark the individual pages"
        Wait, the prompt says "mark the individual pages" is an example for *both* Sense 1 and Sense 2 in some WordNet versions? No, it's listed for both here.
        Sense 1: "individual drops of rain; please mark the individual pages"
        Sense 2: "mark the individual pages; on a case-by-case basis"

    *   If "mark the individual pages" is in both, the distinction must be subtle.
        Sense 1: single
        Sense 2: separate and distinct

    *   In "Any individual legislator", the meaning is "any one legislator". This is most closely aligned with "single".

    *   Let's double-check Sense 3 and 4 again.
        Sense 3: "characteristic of or meant for a single person or thing" (e.g., "individual serving"). This is about something *designed* for one person. Not this.
        Sense 4: "concerning one person exclusively" (e.g., "individual cars"). This is about *private* ownership. Not this.

    *   So it's between 1 and 2.
        Sense 1: single
        Sense 2: separate and distinct

    *   "Any individual legislator" = "Any single legislator".
    *   "Individual" here is used to pick out one member of a group.

    *   Let's look at the context again: "Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise".
    *   This is a classic "prisoner's dilemma" or "tragedy of the commons" setup. The focus is on the *single* actor's perspective versus the *collective* outcome.

    *   Sense 1: "being or characteristic of a single thing or person"
    *   Sense 2: "separate and distinct from others of the same kind"

    *   If you are talking about a single member of a group, "single" (Sense 1) is the most direct fit.

    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 2: "separate and distinct from others of the same kind". This often refers to *unique* qualities (e.g., "individual style"). But the synonyms "case-by-case, item-by-item" suggest a different meaning (treating each one separately).

    *   "Any individual legislator" doesn't mean "any unique legislator" or "any case-by-case legislator". It means "any single legislator".

    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: constituent
Target surface form: constituents
Context:
In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's <t>constituents</t> appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=constituent%1:06:00:: | definition=an artifact that is one of the individual parts of which a composite entity is made up; especially a part that can be separated from or attached to a system | synonyms=component, element | examples=spare components for cars; a component or constituent element of a system
2. sense_key=constituent%1:18:00:: | definition=a member of a constituency; a citizen who is represented in a government by officials for whom he or she votes | examples=needs continued support by constituents to be re-elected
3. sense_key=constituent%1:24:00:: | definition=something determined in relation to something that includes it | synonyms=part, portion, component part, component | examples=he wanted to feel a part of something bigger than himself; I read a portion of the manuscript
4. sense_key=constituent%1:10:00:: | definition=(grammar) a word or phrase or clause forming part of a larger grammatical construction | synonyms=grammatical constituent
5. sense_key=constituent%1:09:00:: | definition=an abstract part of something | synonyms=component, element, factor, ingredient | examples=jealousy was a component of his character; two constituents of a musical composition are melody and harmony

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `constituent`
    *   Target surface form: `constituents`
    *   Context: "Any individual legislator's <t>constituents</t> appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `constituent%1:06:00::`: artifact/part of a composite entity (component, element).
        2.  `constituent%1:18:00::`: member of a constituency; citizen represented in government.
        3.  `constituent%1:24:00::`: something determined in relation to something that includes it (part, portion).
        4.  `constituent%1:10:00::`: (grammar) word/phrase/clause in a larger construction.
        5.  `constituent%1:09:00::`: abstract part of something (component, element, factor).

    *   The sentence discusses "legislators", "benefits that the legislator wins for them", and "his own constituency".
    *   The word "constituents" refers to the people represented by the legislator.

    *   Sense 1: Physical part (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 2: Member of a constituency; citizen represented in government (Correct).
    *   Sense 3: General part/portion (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 4: Grammatical part (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 5: Abstract part (Incorrect).

    *   The context clearly points to the political meaning of "constituent".
    *   Sense 2 matches perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: appreciate
Target surface form: appreciate
Context:
In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents <t>appreciate</t> the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=appreciate%2:37:00:: | definition=recognize with gratitude; be grateful for
2. sense_key=appreciate%2:31:00:: | definition=be fully aware of; realize fully | synonyms=take account | examples=Do you appreciate the full meaning of this letter?
3. sense_key=appreciate%2:40:00:: | definition=hold dear | synonyms=prize, value, treasure | examples=I prize these old photographs
4. sense_key=appreciate%2:30:00:: | definition=gain in value | synonyms=apprize, apprise, revalue | examples=The yen appreciated again!
5. sense_key=appreciate%2:30:01:: | definition=increase the value of | synonyms=apprize, apprise | examples=The Germans want to appreciate the Deutsche Mark

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `appreciate`
    *   Context: "Any individual legislator's constituents <t>appreciate</t> the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency."
    *   Meaning: The constituents recognize and value the specific benefits they receive, but they don't recognize/realize the overall cost.

    *   Sense 1: `recognize with gratitude; be grateful for`
    *   Sense 2: `be fully aware of; realize fully` (synonyms: take account)
    *   Sense 3: `hold dear` (synonyms: prize, value, treasure)
    *   Sense 4: `gain in value` (financial)
    *   Sense 5: `increase the value of` (financial)

    *   The sentence contrasts "appreciate the specific benefits" with "not [appreciate] the overall cost".
    *   If the meaning were "be grateful for" (Sense 1), the contrast "but not [be grateful for] the overall cost" doesn't make much sense (people aren't usually grateful for costs).
    *   If the meaning were "hold dear/prize" (Sense 3), the contrast "but not [prize] the overall cost" also doesn't fit well.
    *   If the meaning were "be fully aware of/realize fully" (Sense 2), the contrast "appreciate the specific benefits... but not [appreciate] the overall cost" makes perfect sense. They are aware of the benefits but unaware of the costs.

    *   "Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate [are aware of/realize] the specific benefits... but not [are not aware of/do not realize] the overall cost..."
    *   This fits the cognitive aspect of understanding or recognizing a fact or situation.

    *   Sense 2: `be fully aware of; realize fully`
    *   This matches the context of recognizing the benefits while failing to recognize the costs.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: specific
Target surface form: specific
Context:
In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the <t>specific</t> benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=specific%3:00:00:: | definition=(sometimes followed by `to') applying to or characterized by or distinguishing something particular or special or unique | examples=rules with specific application; demands specific to the job
2. sense_key=specific%5:00:00:specified:00 | definition=stated explicitly or in detail | examples=needed a specific amount
3. sense_key=specific%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to or distinguishing or constituting a taxonomic species | examples=specific characters
4. sense_key=specific%3:00:02:: | definition=being or affecting a disease produced by a particular microorganism or condition; used also of stains or dyes used in making microscope slides | examples=quinine is highly specific for malaria; a specific remedy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `specific`
    *   Target surface form: `specific`
    *   Context: "...Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the <t>specific</t> benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `specific%3:00:00::`: applying to or characterized by or distinguishing something particular or special or unique (e.g., rules with specific application; demands specific to the job).
        2.  `specific%5:00:00:specified:00`: stated explicitly or in detail (e.g., needed a specific amount).
        3.  `specific%3:01:00::`: relating to or distinguishing or constituting a taxonomic species (e.g., specific characters).
        4.  `specific%3:00:02::`: being or affecting a disease produced by a particular microorganism or condition (e.g., quinine is highly specific for malaria).

    *   The sentence discusses "specific benefits" that a legislator wins for their constituents.
    *   These benefits are contrasted with "overall cost."
    *   The context mentions "local benefits" earlier in the text ("limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state").
    *   "Specific benefits" here means benefits that are particular to a certain group (the constituents of that legislator) or a particular area (the district/state), rather than general benefits for the whole country.

    *   Sense 1: "applying to or characterized by or distinguishing something particular or special or unique". This fits well. The benefits are particular to that specific district/constituency.
    *   Sense 2: "stated explicitly or in detail". This doesn't fit. The benefits aren't necessarily "stated in detail"; they are "particular" or "local".
    *   Sense 3: "relating to or distinguishing or constituting a taxonomic species". This is biological/taxonomic. Not applicable.
    *   Sense 4: "being or affecting a disease...". This is medical. Not applicable.

    *   The word "specific" in "specific benefits" refers to benefits that are particular to a certain group or location (local benefits).
    *   Sense 1 describes something "particular or special or unique". This aligns perfectly with the concept of "local benefits" mentioned earlier in the text.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: benefit
Target surface form: benefits
Context:
In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific <t>benefits</t> that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=benefit%1:21:00:: | definition=financial assistance in time of need
2. sense_key=benefit%1:07:00:: | definition=something that aids or promotes well-being | synonyms=welfare | examples=for the benefit of all
3. sense_key=benefit%1:10:00:: | definition=a performance to raise money for a charitable cause

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `benefit`
    *   Target surface form: `benefits`
    *   Context: "Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific <t>benefits</t> that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `benefit%1:21:00::`: financial assistance in time of need.
        2.  `benefit%1:07:00::`: something that aids or promotes well-being (synonym: welfare).
        3.  `benefit%1:10:00::`: a performance to raise money for a charitable cause.

    *   The text discusses political incentives, "local benefits" brought home by legislators to their districts/states, and the trade-off between local gains and overall national costs (taxes).
    *   "Specific benefits that the legislator wins for them" refers to things like funding for projects, infrastructure, or other advantages (pork-barrel spending) that improve the well-being or economic status of the district.

    *   Sense 1 (financial assistance in time of need): This usually refers to social security, unemployment benefits, or welfare payments to individuals in crisis. While "benefits" in politics can be financial, "local benefits" in the context of a legislator "winning" them for a district usually refers to broader advantages/gains, not just emergency financial aid.
    *   Sense 2 (something that aids or promotes well-being): This is a broad sense. "Local benefits" (like a new bridge, a research grant, or a tax break for a local industry) fit the description of things that aid or promote the well-being of the constituents.
    *   Sense 3 (charity performance): Clearly incorrect.

    *   The context uses "local benefits" and "benefit-seeking." This refers to the general concept of advantages or gains obtained from the government.
    *   Sense 2 is the most general and fitting description for these political gains.

    *   Sense 1 is too narrow (financial assistance in time of need).
    *   Sense 2 is broad enough to cover "pork" or "local benefits" (things that aid the well-being/prosperity of the district).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: win
Target surface form: wins
Context:
In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator <t>wins</t> for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=win%2:33:00:: | definition=be the winner in a contest or competition; be victorious | examples=He won the Gold Medal in skating; Our home team won
2. sense_key=win%2:40:00:: | definition=win something through one's efforts | synonyms=acquire, gain | examples=I acquired a passing knowledge of Chinese; Gain an understanding of international finance
3. sense_key=win%2:33:01:: | definition=obtain advantages, such as points, etc. | synonyms=gain, advance, pull ahead, make headway, get ahead, gain ground | examples=The home team was gaining ground; After defeating the Knicks, the Blazers pulled ahead of the Lakers in the battle for the number-one playoff berth in the Western Conference
4. sense_key=win%2:41:04:: | definition=attain success or reach a desired goal | synonyms=succeed, come through, bring home the bacon, deliver the goods | examples=The enterprise succeeded; We succeeded in getting tickets to the show

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `win`
    *   Target surface form: `wins`
    *   Context: "...Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator <t>wins</t> for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency."

    *   Sense 1: `be the winner in a contest or competition; be victorious` (e.g., winning a gold medal).
    *   Sense 2: `win something through one's efforts` (synonyms: acquire, gain; e.g., acquiring knowledge).
    *   Sense 3: `obtain advantages, such as points, etc.` (synonyms: gain, advance, pull ahead; e.g., gaining ground).
    *   Sense 4: `attain success or reach a desired goal` (synonyms: succeed, come through; e.g., the enterprise succeeded).

    *   The sentence says: "...the specific benefits that the legislator <t>wins</t> for them..."
    *   The legislator is obtaining "specific benefits" for their constituents.
    *   This is not about winning a competition (Sense 1).
    *   It's not about attaining a general goal or succeeding in an enterprise (Sense 4).
    *   It's about acquiring or gaining something (benefits) through effort.
    *   Comparing Sense 2 and Sense 3:
        *   Sense 2: `win something through one's efforts` (synonyms: acquire, gain).
        *   Sense 3: `obtain advantages, such as points, etc.` (synonyms: gain, advance, pull ahead).
    *   "Benefits" are very similar to "advantages". However, Sense 2's definition "win something through one's efforts" fits the action of a legislator securing benefits for their district perfectly. Sense 3 focuses more on competitive progress (pulling ahead, gaining ground).
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 2: `acquire, gain`. "The legislator gains benefits for them."
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 3: `gain, advance, pull ahead, make headway, get ahead, gain ground`. These are more about relative position.
    *   The context is about "bringing home the local benefits" (mentioned earlier in the text: "...preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits"). "Bringing home" and "winning" in this context mean securing or acquiring these benefits.

    *   Sense 2: `win something through one's efforts` (acquire, gain).
    *   Sense 3: `obtain advantages, such as points, etc.` (gain, advance, pull ahead).
    *   The "benefits" are the object of the verb "wins".
    *   Sense 2 is a transitive use (win something).
    *   Sense 3 is often used intransitively or in the context of a competition (gain ground).
    *   The phrase "wins [benefits] for them" aligns best with Sense 2 (acquiring/gaining something through effort).

    *   Sense 1: No (not a contest).
    *   Sense 2: Yes (acquiring benefits through effort).
    *   Sense 3: No (not about relative progress/points).
    *   Sense 4: No (not about general success).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: overall
Target surface form: overall
Context:
In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the <t>overall</t> cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=overall%5:00:00:general:00 | definition=involving only main features | examples=the overall pattern of his life
2. sense_key=overall%5:00:00:gross:00 | definition=including everything | examples=the overall cost

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "overall"
    *   Target surface form: "overall"
    *   Context: "...Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the <t>overall</t> cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `overall%5:00:00:general:00`: involving only main features (Example: "the overall pattern of his life")
        2.  `overall%5:00:00:gross:00`: including everything (Example: "the overall cost")

    *   The sentence discusses the "overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise".
    *   It contrasts "specific benefits" (local) with the "overall cost" (the sum total of all such benefits across all districts).
    *   The "overall cost" here refers to the total, aggregate, or gross cost.

    *   Sense 1: "involving only main features" (general). This doesn't fit "cost" in this context.
    *   Sense 2: "including everything" (gross). The example provided is "the overall cost". This matches the context perfectly.

    *   The context "overall cost" aligns exactly with the example "the overall cost" in sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cost
Target surface form: cost
Context:
In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall <t>cost</t> associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cost%1:21:00:: | definition=the total spent for goods or services including money and time and labor
2. sense_key=cost%1:07:00:: | definition=the property of having material worth (often indicated by the amount of money something would bring if sold) | synonyms=monetary value, price | examples=the fluctuating monetary value of gold and silver; he puts a high price on his services
3. sense_key=cost%1:07:01:: | definition=value measured by what must be given or done or undergone to obtain something | synonyms=price, toll | examples=the cost in human life was enormous; the price of success is hard work

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `cost`
    *   Target surface form: `cost`
    *   Context: "...Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall <t>cost</t> associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `cost%1:21:00::`: the total spent for goods or services including money and time and labor.
        2.  `cost%1:07:00::`: the property of having material worth (monetary value, price).
        3.  `cost%1:07:01::`: value measured by what must be given or done or undergone to obtain something (price, toll).

    *   The sentence discusses a political theory about voters and legislators.
    *   Legislators seek "specific benefits" for their constituents.
    *   The "overall cost" refers to the negative consequence or the price paid (likely in terms of taxes or national inefficiency) when *every* legislator does the same thing (pork-barrel spending).
    *   It's not about the "total spent for goods or services" in a commercial sense (Sense 1).
    *   It's not about the "material worth" or "monetary value" of an object (Sense 2).
    *   It is about the negative impact or the "toll" (the price paid) for a particular behavior (every legislator seeking local benefits). This aligns with "value measured by what must be given or done or undergone to obtain something" (Sense 3).

    *   Sense 1: Total spent (financial/labor). Too literal/commercial.
    *   Sense 2: Material worth. Incorrect.
    *   Sense 3: Value measured by what must be given/undergone (toll/price). This fits the "cost" of a systemic behavior (pork-barrel spending).

    *   The "cost" here is the systemic downside of a behavior. This is a metaphorical "price" or "toll" paid by the public. Sense 3 specifically mentions "toll" and "price of success is hard work," which fits the pattern of a consequence or sacrifice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: other
Target surface form: other
Context:
In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every <t>other</t> legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
2. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening
3. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=belonging to the distant past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "other"
    *   Target surface form: "other"
    *   Context: "...but not the overall cost associated with every <t>other</t> legislator doing likewise for his own constituency."
    *   Meaning: The sentence discusses the cost associated with *different* legislators (not the one the constituents already appreciate) doing the same thing.

    *   Sense 1: "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied" (e.g., "highways and other public works").
    *   Sense 2: "recently past" (e.g., "the other evening").
    *   Sense 3: "belonging to the distant past" (e.g., "former generations").
    *   Sense 4: "very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected" (e.g., "a strange, other dimension").

    *   The context "every other legislator" refers to legislators who are not the specific one being discussed (the one the constituents love).
    *   This fits perfectly with Sense 1: "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied".

    *   Sense 2 (recently past) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 3 (distant past) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 4 (strange/unusual) - Incorrect.

    *   The target word "other" in "every other legislator" means "different from the one previously mentioned". This aligns with Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: do
Target surface form: doing
Context:
In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator <t>doing</t> likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=do%2:41:01:: | definition=engage in | synonyms=make | examples=make love, not war; make an effort
2. sense_key=do%2:36:01:: | definition=carry out or perform an action | synonyms=perform, execute | examples=John did the painting, the weeding, and he cleaned out the gutters; the skater executed a triple pirouette
3. sense_key=do%2:41:04:: | definition=get (something) done | synonyms=perform | examples=I did my job
4. sense_key=do%2:42:00:: | definition=proceed or get along | synonyms=fare, make out, come, get along | examples=How is she doing in her new job?; How are you making out in graduate school?
5. sense_key=do%2:36:02:: | definition=give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally | synonyms=cause, make | examples=cause a commotion; make a stir
6. sense_key=do%2:41:02:: | definition=carry out or practice; as of jobs and professions | synonyms=practice, practise, exercise | examples=practice law
7. sense_key=do%2:42:01:: | definition=be sufficient; be adequate, either in quality or quantity | synonyms=suffice, answer, serve | examples=A few words would answer; This car suits my purpose well
8. sense_key=do%2:36:00:: | definition=create or design, often in a certain way | synonyms=make | examples=Do my room in blue; I did this piece in wood to express my love for the forest
9. sense_key=do%2:29:09:: | definition=behave in a certain manner; show a certain behavior; conduct or comport oneself | synonyms=act, behave | examples=You should act like an adult; Don't behave like a fool
10. sense_key=do%2:42:02:: | definition=spend time in prison or in a labor camp | synonyms=serve | examples=He did six years for embezzlement
11. sense_key=do%2:41:03:: | definition=carry on or function | synonyms=manage | examples=We could do with a little more help around here
12. sense_key=do%2:29:04:: | definition=arrange attractively | synonyms=dress, arrange, set, coif, coiffe, coiffure | examples=dress my hair for the wedding
13. sense_key=do%2:38:00:: | definition=travel or traverse (a distance) | examples=This car does 150 miles per hour; We did 6 miles on our hike every day

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `do`
    *   Target surface form: `doing`
    *   Context: "...Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator <t>doing</t> likewise for his own constituency."

    *   The phrase is "every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency."
    *   "Likewise" means "in the same way" or "similarly."
    *   What is the "same way"? The previous part of the sentence says "the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them."
    *   So, "doing likewise" means "winning specific benefits for their own constituency."

    *   Sense 1: `engage in` (make love, make an effort) - Not quite.
    *   Sense 2: `carry out or perform an action` (perform, execute) - This is a general sense of performing an action.
    *   Sense 3: `get (something) done` (perform) - Similar to Sense 2, but often implies a task or job.
    *   Sense 4: `proceed or get along` (fare, make out) - Not applicable.
    *   Sense 5: `give rise to; cause to happen` (cause, make) - Not applicable.
    *   Sense 6: `carry out or practice; as of jobs and professions` (practice law) - Not applicable.
    *   Sense 7: `be sufficient; be adequate` (suffice, answer) - Not applicable.
    *   Sense 8: `create or design` (make) - Not applicable.
    *   Sense 9: `behave in a certain manner` (act, behave) - "Doing likewise" can sometimes mean behaving in the same way, but here it refers to the action of winning benefits.
    *   Sense 10: `spend time in prison` (serve) - Not applicable.
    *   Sense 11: `carry on or function` (manage) - Not applicable.
    *   Sense 12: `arrange attractively` (dress) - Not applicable.
    *   Sense 13: `travel or traverse` - Not applicable.

    *   The action being repeated is "winning specific benefits for them."
    *   "Doing likewise" = "performing the same action" (winning benefits).
    *   Sense 2: `carry out or perform an action` (perform, execute).
    *   Sense 3: `get (something) done` (perform).
    *   Sense 9: `behave in a certain manner` (act, behave).

    Let's re-evaluate Sense 2 vs Sense 9.
    "Doing likewise" often maps to "acting in the same way" (Sense 9) or "performing the same action" (Sense 2).
    In this context, the "action" is "winning benefits."
    If I say "He ran, and I did likewise," I performed the same action.
    If I say "He behaved rudely, and I did likewise," I behaved in the same manner.

    Looking at the WordNet senses provided:
    Sense 2: `carry out or perform an action` (synonyms: perform, execute).
    Sense 9: `behave in a certain manner; show a certain behavior; conduct or comport oneself` (synonyms: act, behave).

    "Winning benefits" is an action/activity. "Doing likewise" here means performing that same action.

    Wait, let's look at Sense 2 again: "carry out or perform an action".
    Example: "John did the painting, the weeding..."
    Sense 3: "get (something) done". Example: "I did my job".

    Is "doing likewise" more about the *action* (Sense 2) or the *behavior* (Sense 9)?
    "Winning benefits" is a specific action. "Doing likewise" means performing that same action.

    Let's check if "do likewise" is a common idiom. "Do likewise" means "to do the same thing."
    If the "thing" is an action, Sense 2 is the most general and fitting.

    Let's double-check Sense 9: "behave in a certain manner". This is usually about conduct (e.g., "behave yourself"). Winning benefits for a constituency is more of a professional action/activity than a behavioral trait.

    Comparing Sense 2 and Sense 3:
    Sense 2: carry out or perform an action.
    Sense 3: get (something) done.
    Sense 2 is broader and fits "doing likewise" (performing the same action) better.

    Wait, let me look at the senses again.
    Sense 1: engage in.
    Sense 2: carry out or perform an action.
    Sense 3: get (something) done.

    If the action is "winning benefits," then "doing likewise" is "performing the action of winning benefits."

    Let's re-read the context: "...the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency."

    "Doing likewise" = "winning benefits for his own constituency."
    This is performing an action.

    Is there any other sense?
    Sense 1: engage in.
    Sense 2: carry out or perform an action.

    Let's look at the examples for Sense 2: "John did the painting, the weeding..."
    Let's look at the examples for Sense 1: "make love, not war; make an effort".

    Sense 2 seems the most appropriate for "performing an action."

    Wait, let me check Sense 9 again. "behave in a certain manner".
    If the context was "The legislator was greedy, and the others did likewise," Sense 9 would be better.
    But the context is "the legislator wins [benefits]... other legislators doing likewise [winning benefits]." This is an action.

    Therefore, Sense 2 is the best fit.

    Wait, let me look at Sense 3 again: "get (something) done".
    "I did my job."
    "Doing likewise" doesn't really mean "getting the same thing done" as much as "performing the same action."

    Let's re-verify Sense 2: "carry out or perform an action".
    Synonyms: perform, execute.
    "Every other legislator performing likewise" (performing the same action of winning benefits).

    One more check: Could it be Sense 1 "engage in"?
    "Engage in likewise" doesn't sound right. "Perform likewise" or "act likewise" does.

    Wait, "do likewise" is a set phrase.
    "Do likewise" = "do the same thing".
    "The same thing" = "winning benefits".
    "Winning benefits" = an action.
    "Do" = perform.

    Sense 2: carry out or perform an action.

    Let's double-check the sense keys if possible (though I shouldn't use them in the answer).
    do%2:36:01 (Sense 2) - carry out or perform an action.
    do%2:41:01 (Sense 1) - engage in.
    do%2:41:04 (Sense 3) - get (something) done.

    Sense 2 is the most general "perform an action" sense.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: suggest
Target surface form: suggests
Context:
Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory <t>suggests</t> why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=suggest%2:32:00:: | definition=make a proposal, declare a plan for something | synonyms=propose, advise | examples=the senator proposed to abolish the sales tax
2. sense_key=suggest%2:32:04:: | definition=drop a hint; intimate by a hint | synonyms=hint
3. sense_key=suggest%2:32:02:: | definition=imply as a possibility | synonyms=intimate | examples=The evidence suggests a need for more clarification
4. sense_key=suggest%2:32:03:: | definition=suggest the necessity of an intervention; in medicine | synonyms=indicate | examples=Tetracycline is indicated in such cases
5. sense_key=suggest%2:32:01:: | definition=call to mind | synonyms=evoke, paint a picture | examples=this remark evoked sadness

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `suggest`
    *   Target surface form: `suggests`
    *   Context: "Third, the theory <t>suggests</t> why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `make a proposal, declare a plan for something` (propose, advise)
        2.  `drop a hint; intimate by a hint` (hint)
        3.  `imply as a possibility` (intimate) - Example: "The evidence suggests a need for more clarification"
        4.  `suggest the necessity of an intervention; in medicine` (indicate)
        5.  `call to mind` (evoke, paint a picture)

    *   The sentence is: "Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office."
    *   Here, "the theory suggests" means the theory provides an explanation or implies a reason/possibility for a certain phenomenon.
    *   It's not making a proposal (Sense 1).
    *   It's not dropping a hint (Sense 2).
    *   It's not a medical indication (Sense 4).
    *   It's not evoking a memory or image (Sense 5).
    *   It fits Sense 3: "imply as a possibility" or "indicate as a likely explanation." The example "The evidence suggests a need for more clarification" is very similar in structure to "the theory suggests why...".

    *   Sense 3: `imply as a possibility` / `intimate`. In academic or theoretical writing, "suggests" often means "indicates" or "provides evidence for the possibility that...".

    *   Sense 1: Propose a plan. (No)
    *   Sense 2: Hint. (No)
    *   Sense 3: Imply/Indicate. (Yes)
    *   Sense 4: Medical. (No)
    *   Sense 5: Evoke. (No)


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: national
Target surface form: national
Context:
Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to <t>national</t> policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=national%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country | examples=national hero; national anthem
2. sense_key=national%3:00:00:: | definition=limited to or in the interests of a particular nation | examples=national interests; isolationism is a strictly national policy
3. sense_key=national%3:00:01:: | definition=concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country | examples=the national government; national elections
4. sense_key=national%5:00:00:public:00 | definition=owned or maintained for the public by the national government | examples=national parks
5. sense_key=national%5:00:00:domestic:00 | definition=inside the country | synonyms=home, interior, internal | examples=the British Home Office has broader responsibilities than the United States Department of the Interior; the nation's internal politics
6. sense_key=national%3:01:02:: | definition=characteristic of or peculiar to the people of a nation | examples=a national trait
7. sense_key=national%3:01:01:: | definition=of or relating to nationality | examples=national origin

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `national`
    *   Target surface form: `national`
    *   Context: "...the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to <t>national</t> policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office."

    *   Sense 1: `of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country` (General)
    *   Sense 2: `limited to or in the interests of a particular nation` (Focus on interests/isolationism)
    *   Sense 3: `concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country` (Focus on the whole nation, e.g., national government, national elections)
    *   Sense 4: `owned or maintained for the public by the national government` (e.g., national parks)
    *   Sense 5: `inside the country` (domestic/internal)
    *   Sense 6: `characteristic of or peculiar to the people of a nation` (e.g., national trait)
    *   Sense 7: `of or relating to nationality` (e.g., national origin)

    *   The sentence contrasts "national policy making" with "local benefit-seeking".
    *   "Local" refers to a specific district or state.
    *   "National" here refers to policy that affects the *entire* country, as opposed to policies that only benefit a specific local area.

    *   Sense 1 is very general.
    *   Sense 2 is about interests of *a* nation (often in contrast to international).
    *   Sense 3 is about things applicable to the *entire* nation (contrasting with local/regional). This fits perfectly with the contrast between "national policy making" and "local benefit-seeking".
    *   Sense 4 is about ownership (parks).
    *   Sense 5 is about domestic vs. foreign.
    *   Sense 6 is about traits.
    *   Sense 7 is about nationality.

    *   The contrast is "national" vs "local".
    *   Sense 3: "concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country".
    *   Example for Sense 3: "the national government; national elections".
    *   "National policy making" fits this description (policy for the entire country).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: policy
Target surface form: policy
Context:
Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national <t>policy</t> making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=policy%1:09:00:: | definition=a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group | examples=it was a policy of retribution; a politician keeps changing his policies
2. sense_key=policy%1:10:00:: | definition=a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government | examples=they debated the policy or impolicy of the proposed legislation
3. sense_key=policy%1:10:02:: | definition=written contract or certificate of insurance | synonyms=insurance policy, insurance | examples=you should have read the small print on your policy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `policy`
    *   Target surface form: `policy`
    *   Context: "...the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national <t>policy</t> making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `policy%1:09:00::`: a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group.
        2.  `policy%1:10:00::`: a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government.
        3.  `policy%1:10:02::`: written contract or certificate of insurance.

    *   The context discusses legislators, national policy making, local benefit-seeking, and security in office.
    *   "National policy making" refers to the process of creating plans of action or laws for the country.
    *   It is contrasted with "local benefit-seeking" (pork barrel politics).

    *   Sense 3 (insurance) is completely irrelevant.
    *   Sense 2 (line of argument rationalizing action) is too narrow. It's about the *justification* for a policy, not the policy itself.
    *   Sense 1 (plan of action adopted by an individual or social group) fits best. A government is a social group, and "national policy" refers to the plans of action (laws, regulations, strategies) adopted by the government.

    *   "National policy making" = the act of creating plans of action for the nation.
    *   Sense 1: "a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group". This is the standard meaning of "policy" in a political context.