[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: variation
Target surface form: variation
Context:
It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each <t>variation</t>, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=variation%1:11:01:: | definition=an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change | synonyms=fluctuation
2. sense_key=variation%1:04:00:: | definition=an activity that varies from a norm or standard | synonyms=variance | examples=any variation in his routine was immediately reported
3. sense_key=variation%1:10:00:: | definition=a repetition of a musical theme in which it is modified or embellished
4. sense_key=variation%1:09:01:: | definition=something a little different from others of the same type | synonyms=version, variant, edition | examples=an experimental version of the night fighter; a variant of the same word
5. sense_key=variation%1:06:00:: | definition=an artifact that deviates from a norm or standard | examples=he patented a variation on the sandal
6. sense_key=variation%1:25:00:: | definition=the angle (at a particular location) between magnetic north and true north | synonyms=magnetic declination, magnetic variation
7. sense_key=variation%1:22:00:: | definition=the process of varying or being varied
8. sense_key=variation%1:19:00:: | definition=(astronomy) any perturbation of the mean motion or orbit of a planet or satellite (especially a perturbation of the earth's moon)
9. sense_key=variation%1:18:00:: | definition=(biology) an organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration | synonyms=mutant, mutation, sport
10. sense_key=variation%1:04:02:: | definition=(ballet) a solo dance or dance figure | synonyms=pas seul
11. sense_key=variation%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of changing or altering something slightly but noticeably from the norm or standard | examples=who is responsible for these variations in taxation?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target word: "variation"
    *   Context: "Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each <t>variation</t>, or change, can occur only once, the rules state."
    *   Key clues:
        *   "varying the order in which the bells sound"
        *   "Each variation, or change"
        *   "Ringers memorize patterns of changes"
        *   The context is about change-ringing (bells).

    *   Sense 1: an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change (fluctuation). (Doesn't fit well; this is more about a value changing over time).
    *   Sense 2: an activity that varies from a norm or standard (variance). (Too broad).
    *   Sense 3: a repetition of a musical theme in which it is modified or embellished. (This is about music, but "variation" in change-ringing is about the *order* of bells, not necessarily a musical theme being embellished in the classical sense. However, it is musical in nature).
    *   Sense 4: something a little different from others of the same type (version, variant, edition). (Fits well: each specific order of bells is a "variant" or "version" of the sequence).
    *   Sense 5: an artifact that deviates from a norm or standard. (Not an artifact).
    *   Sense 6: magnetic north vs true north. (Irrelevant).
    *   Sense 7: the process of varying or being varied. (The text says "Each variation", implying a specific instance, not the process).
    *   Sense 8: astronomy perturbation. (Irrelevant).
    *   Sense 9: biology mutation. (Irrelevant).
    *   Sense 10: ballet solo. (Irrelevant).
    *   Sense 11: the act of changing or altering something slightly. (Again, "Each variation" refers to the result/instance, not the act).

    *   The text says "varying the order... Each variation, or change...".
    *   In change-ringing, a "change" is a specific permutation of the bells.
    *   Is it a "repetition of a musical theme" (Sense 3)? Not really. It's a permutation of a sequence.
    *   Is it "something a little different from others of the same type" (Sense 4)? Yes, each permutation is a different version of the sequence.
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 3. In music, a "variation" is a specific form. Change-ringing is musical, but the "variation" here is defined as a "change" (a specific order).
    *   Let's look at Sense 4 again: "something a little different from others of the same type | synonyms=version, variant, edition". This fits the idea of a specific permutation (a variant of the order).

    *   Wait, let's look at the context again: "varying the order in which the bells sound... Each variation, or change, can occur only once".
    *   A "change" in bell ringing is a specific sequence.
    *   Sense 4: "something a little different from others of the same type".
    *   Sense 3: "a repetition of a musical theme in which it is modified or embellished".
    *   Is a change-ringing sequence a "musical theme"? Not exactly. It's a sequence of notes.
    *   Is it a "variant" of the order? Yes.

    *   Let's check if there's a better fit.
    *   Sense 1: "an instance of change". "Each instance of change can occur only once." This is plausible.
    *   Sense 4: "something a little different from others of the same type". "Each variant can occur only once." This also fits.

    *   Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 4:
        *   Sense 1: "an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change".
        *   Sense 4: "something a little different from others of the same type".
        *   The text says "varying the order... Each variation, or change...".
        *   In this context, "variation" is used as a synonym for "change" (the specific permutation).
        *   A permutation is a specific version/variant of the sequence.

    *   Let's look at Sense 3 again. While it's music, "variation" in the classical music sense (Theme and Variations) is very specific. Change-ringing is different.

    *   Let's look at Sense 4 again. "a variant of the same word". A "change" in bell ringing is like a variant of the sequence.

    *   Let's look at Sense 1 again. "an instance of change". If "change" is the noun for the permutation, then "variation" as "an instance of change" is a bit circular but possible. However, "fluctuation" is the synonym provided, which doesn't fit.

    *   Let's look at Sense 4 again. "something a little different from others of the same type". This seems the most accurate for a specific permutation in a set of permutations.

    *   Wait, let me re-read Sense 4 examples: "an experimental version of the night fighter; a variant of the same word". This matches the idea of a specific version of a sequence.

    *   Let's double-check Sense 11: "the act of changing or altering something slightly". "Each act of changing... can occur only once." No, that doesn't make sense.

    *   Let's double-check Sense 2: "an activity that varies from a norm or standard". No.

    *   Is it Sense 3? "a repetition of a musical theme in which it is modified or embellished". In change-ringing, you start with "rounds" (the theme) and then you vary the order. Each new order is a "change". This sounds like a musical variation. But is it a "repetition of a theme"? The "rounds" are the base, and each "change" is a modification of that base order.

    *   Let's compare Sense 3 and Sense 4 again.
        *   Sense 3: Musical theme modification.
        *   Sense 4: A version/variant of a type.

    *   In the context of "change-ringing", the "changes" are the permutations. Each permutation is a "variation" of the original order (rounds). This fits Sense 4 ("something a little different from others of the same type") very well.

    *   Let's search for "variation" in the context of bell ringing. It's often used to describe the different patterns.

    *   Wait, looking at the phrase "Each variation, or change, can occur only once", "change" is the technical term. A "change" is a specific permutation. A permutation is a variant of the sequence.

    *   Let's re-examine Sense 4: "something a little different from others of the same type | synonyms=version, variant, edition".
    *   Let's re-examine Sense 3: "a repetition of a musical theme in which it is modified or embellished".

    *   If I have to choose the *best* one, Sense 4 is a more general and accurate description of a permutation (a variant of the order) than Sense 3, which implies a more complex musical structure (theme and variations).

    *   Wait, let me look at Sense 1 again: "an instance of change". If "change" is the noun, "an instance of change" is exactly what a "change" in bell ringing is. But the synonym "fluctuation" is very misleading for this sense.

    *   Let's look at Sense 4 again. "a variant of the same word". A "change" is like a variant of the "rounds".

    *   Let's consider if it's Sense 3 one more time. Change-ringing is a musical activity. The "rounds" are the theme. The "changes" are the variations. This is a very strong parallel.

    *   However, in the sentence "Each variation, or change, can occur only once", the word "variation" is being used as a synonym for "change". In bell ringing, a "change" is a specific permutation.

    *   Let's look at the WordNet senses for "variation" again.
        Sense 4: something a little different from others of the same type.
        Sense 3: a repetition of a musical theme in which it is modified or embellished.

    *   If the "theme" is the sequence of bells, then each "change" is a modification of that sequence.

    *   Let's think about the word "change" in "change-ringing". A "change" is a specific sequence. Is a specific sequence a "variation" in the musical sense (Sense 3) or a "variation" in the "variant" sense (Sense 4)?

    *   In music, a "variation" is usually a whole section of a piece, not a single note or a single permutation of a sequence. A "change" in bell ringing is a single permutation. This makes Sense 4 ("something a little different from others of the same type") a better fit than Sense 3.

    *   Let's double-check Sense 4 again. "something a little different from others of the same type". A permutation of bells is indeed something a little different from other permutations of the same bells.

    *   Final check:
        Context: "varying the order... Each variation, or change, can occur only once"
        Sense 4: "something a little different from others of the same type" (variant)
        Sense 3: "a repetition of a musical theme in which it is modified or embellished"

        The "change" is a specific permutation. It's a variant of the order. Sense 4 fits best.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: occur
Target surface form: occur
Context:
It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can <t>occur</t> only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=occur%2:30:00:: | definition=come to pass | synonyms=happen, hap, go on, pass off, pass, fall out | examples=What is happening?; The meeting took place off without an incidence
2. sense_key=occur%2:31:00:: | definition=come to one's mind; suggest itself | synonyms=come | examples=It occurred to me that we should hire another secretary; A great idea then came to her
3. sense_key=occur%2:42:03:: | definition=to be found to exist | examples=sexism occurs in many workplaces; precious stones occur in a large area in Brazil

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `occur`
    *   Target surface form: `occur`
    *   Context: "Each variation, or change, can <t>occur</t> only once, the rules state."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `occur%2:30:00::` (come to pass / happen)
        2.  `occur%2:31:00::` (come to one's mind / suggest itself)
        3.  `occur%2:42:03::` (to be found to exist)

    *   The sentence is about "change-ringing" (bell ringing).
    *   "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state."
    *   In this context, "occur" refers to the event of a specific variation happening during the ringing process.

    *   Sense 1: "come to pass", "happen". (e.g., "What is happening?") -> This fits well. A variation "happens" or "takes place" once.
    *   Sense 2: "come to one's mind". (e.g., "It occurred to me...") -> This does not fit. The variation isn't thinking.
    *   Sense 3: "to be found to exist". (e.g., "sexism occurs in many workplaces") -> This usually refers to presence or distribution in a space or population. While a variation "exists" in the sequence, "occur" in the sense of "happen" (Sense 1) is a better fit for a sequence of events/actions.

    *   "Each variation... can happen only once." (Sense 1)
    *   "Each variation... can be found to exist only once." (Sense 3)
    *   In the context of a sequence of events (the ringing of bells), "happen" or "take place" (Sense 1) is the standard meaning.

    *   Sense 1: happen, go on, pass off.
    *   Sense 3: be found to exist.
    *   The "change" (variation) is an event in a sequence. Events "happen" (Sense 1).

    *   Sense 1 is the best fit.

currency: USD

source: unavailable


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: only
Target surface form: only
Context:
It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur <t>only</t> once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=only%4:02:02:: | definition=and nothing more | synonyms=merely, simply, just, but | examples=I was merely asking; it is simply a matter of time
2. sense_key=only%4:02:01:: | definition=without any others being included or involved | synonyms=entirely, exclusively, solely, alone | examples=was entirely to blame; a school devoted entirely to the needs of problem children
3. sense_key=only%4:02:00:: | definition=with nevertheless the final result | examples=He arrived only to find his wife dead; We won only to lose again in the next round
4. sense_key=only%4:02:04:: | definition=in the final outcome | examples=These news will only make you more upset
5. sense_key=only%4:02:06:: | definition=except that | examples=It was the same story; only this time she came out better
6. sense_key=only%4:02:03:: | definition=never except when | synonyms=only if, only when | examples=call me only if your cold gets worse
7. sense_key=only%4:02:05:: | definition=as recently as | examples=I spoke to him only an hour ago

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "only"
    *   Target surface form: "only"
    *   Context: "Each variation, or change, can occur <t>only</t> once, the rules state."

    *   Sense 1: "and nothing more" (merely, simply, just, but). Example: "I was merely asking."
    *   Sense 2: "without any others being included or involved" (entirely, exclusively, solely, alone). Example: "was entirely to blame."
    *   Sense 3: "with nevertheless the final result". Example: "He arrived only to find his wife dead."
    *   Sense 4: "in the final outcome". Example: "These news will only make you more upset."
    *   Sense 5: "except that". Example: "It was the same story; only this time she came out better."
    *   Sense 6: "never except when" (only if, only when). Example: "call me only if your cold gets worse."
    *   Sense 7: "as recently as". Example: "I spoke to him only an hour ago."

    *   Sentence: "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state."
    *   Meaning: The rule is that a variation cannot occur more than once. It happens exactly once (or at most once).
    *   Testing synonyms:
        *   "Each variation... can occur *merely* once" (Possible, but "merely" implies it's a small amount, whereas "only" here is a restrictive rule).
        *   "Each variation... can occur *exclusively* once" (A bit awkward).
        *   "Each variation... can occur *solely* once" (Awkward).
        *   "Each variation... can occur *just* once" (Fits well).
    *   Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 2:
        *   Sense 1 (merely, simply, just) often refers to a limitation in quantity or degree.
        *   Sense 2 (entirely, exclusively, solely) often refers to a limitation in scope or identity.
    *   Wait, let's look at "only once". "Only" modifying a number/frequency usually falls under "merely/just" (Sense 1) or "exclusively" (Sense 2).
    *   Let's re-examine Sense 1: "and nothing more". "Occur only once" = occur once and not more than once.
    *   Let's re-examine Sense 2: "without any others being included or involved". This doesn't fit "once" as well as "nothing more" does.

    *   "Each variation... can occur only once."
    *   Does it mean "merely once" (Sense 1)? Yes.
    *   Does it mean "exclusively once" (Sense 2)? Not really.
    *   Does it mean "never except when" (Sense 6)? No.
    *   Does it mean "as recently as" (Sense 7)? No.

    *   Sense 1: "and nothing more" (merely, simply, just).
    *   If I say "I have only one dollar," it means I have one dollar and nothing more.
    *   If I say "It can occur only once," it means it can occur once and not more than once.
    *   This aligns perfectly with Sense 1.

    *   Sense 2 is more about "solely" or "exclusively" (e.g., "He is the only person here").
    *   Sense 1 is more about "just" or "merely" (e.g., "It costs only five dollars").
    *   "Occur only once" is similar to "costs only five dollars" (limiting the number).

    *   Sense 1: "and nothing more" -> "occur once and nothing more (no more times)".
    *   This fits the context of a rule limiting the frequency of an event.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: once
Target surface form: once
Context:
It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only <t>once</t>, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=once%4:02:00:: | definition=on one occasion | synonyms=one time, in one case | examples=once I ran into her
2. sense_key=once%4:02:02:: | definition=as soon as | examples=once we are home, we can rest
3. sense_key=once%4:02:01:: | definition=at a previous time | synonyms=formerly, at one time, erstwhile, erst | examples=at one time he loved her; her erstwhile writing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "once"
    *   Target surface form: "once"
    *   Context: "Each variation, or change, can occur only <t>once</t>, the rules state."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `once%4:02:00::` (on one occasion / one time)
        2.  `once%4:02:02::` (as soon as)
        3.  `once%4:02:01::` (at a previous time / formerly)

    *   The sentence is: "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state."
    *   Meaning: The rule is that a specific variation (change) cannot happen more than one time.
    *   This refers to the frequency or number of occurrences (one single time).

    *   Sense 1: "on one occasion" / "one time". This fits perfectly. "Each variation... can occur only one time."
    *   Sense 2: "as soon as". This is a conjunction. "Each variation... can occur only as soon as..." (Does not make sense).
    *   Sense 3: "at a previous time" / "formerly". This is an adverb of time referring to the past. "Each variation... can occur only formerly..." (Does not make sense).

    *   Sense 1 is the only one that fits the context of frequency/count.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rule
Target surface form: rules
Context:
It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the <t>rules</t> state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rule%1:09:00:: | definition=a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior | synonyms=regulation | examples=it was his rule to take a walk before breakfast; short haircuts were the regulation
2. sense_key=rule%1:09:01:: | definition=something regarded as a normative example | synonyms=convention, normal, pattern, formula | examples=the convention of not naming the main character; violence is the rule not the exception
3. sense_key=rule%1:10:00:: | definition=prescribed guide for conduct or action | synonyms=prescript
4. sense_key=rule%1:10:01:: | definition=(linguistics) a rule describing (or prescribing) a linguistic practice | synonyms=linguistic rule
5. sense_key=rule%1:09:03:: | definition=a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct | synonyms=principle | examples=their principles of composition characterized all their works
6. sense_key=rule%1:28:00:: | definition=the duration of a monarch's or government's power | examples=during the rule of Elizabeth
7. sense_key=rule%1:26:00:: | definition=dominance or power through legal authority | synonyms=dominion | examples=France held undisputed dominion over vast areas of Africa; the rule of Caesar
8. sense_key=rule%1:10:02:: | definition=directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted | examples=he knew the rules of chess
9. sense_key=rule%1:10:03:: | definition=any one of a systematic body of regulations defining the way of life of members of a religious order | examples=the rule of St. Dominic
10. sense_key=rule%1:09:02:: | definition=a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the function of a complex system | synonyms=principle | examples=the principle of the conservation of mass; the principle of jet propulsion
11. sense_key=rule%1:09:04:: | definition=(mathematics) a standard procedure for solving a class of mathematical problems | synonyms=formula | examples=he determined the upper bound with Descartes' rule of signs; he gave us a general formula for attacking polynomials
12. sense_key=rule%1:06:00:: | definition=measuring stick consisting of a strip of wood or metal or plastic with a straight edge that is used for drawing straight lines and measuring lengths | synonyms=ruler

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 8}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 8}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `rule`
    *   Target surface form: `rules`
    *   Context: "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state."
    *   Surrounding context: The text describes "Change-ringing," a complex activity involving bells. It mentions "methods" (patterns of changes) and the specific constraint that "Each variation, or change, can occur only once."

    *   1: a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior (regulation)
    *   2: something regarded as a normative example (convention, normal)
    *   3: prescribed guide for conduct or action (prescript)
    *   4: (linguistics) a rule describing a linguistic practice
    *   5: a basic generalization accepted as true (principle)
    *   6: duration of a monarch's power
    *   7: dominance or power through legal authority (dominion)
    *   8: directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted (e.g., rules of chess)
    *   9: regulations for a religious order
    *   10: rule/law concerning a natural phenomenon
    *   11: (mathematics) standard procedure for solving problems
    *   12: measuring stick (ruler)

    *   The context describes a specific activity (change-ringing) and the constraints/regulations governing how it is performed ("Each variation... can occur only once").
    *   Change-ringing is described as an "art" and a "mind-boggling exercise." It has "methods" and specific constraints.
    *   Is it a "game or sport" (Sense 8)? While it's an activity with rules, it's described as an "art" and an "exercise." However, "rules of a game" is the closest fit for a set of constraints governing a structured activity.
    *   Is it a "prescribed guide for conduct or action" (Sense 3)? This is very general.
    *   Is it a "principle or condition that customarily governs behavior" (Sense 1)? This is also general.
    *   Let's look at Sense 8 again: "directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted." Change-ringing is a highly structured activity with strict rules about the sequence of bells. While not a "sport" in the athletic sense, it functions similarly to a game in terms of having a set of rules that must be followed to be performed "correctly."
    *   Wait, let's compare Sense 1, 3, and 8.
        *   Sense 1: "principle or condition that customarily governs behavior" (e.g., "it was his rule to take a walk").
        *   Sense 3: "prescribed guide for conduct or action" (prescript).
        *   Sense 8: "directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted" (e.g., "rules of chess").
    *   Change-ringing is a structured activity. The "rules" here are the constraints of the activity. In many WordNet-based datasets, rules for a structured activity/hobby/game fall under Sense 8.

    *   The text says: "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state."
    *   This is a specific constraint of the activity of change-ringing.
    *   Is change-ringing a "game or sport"? It's a tradition/art. But the *type* of rule (a constraint on how the activity is performed) is exactly what Sense 8 describes.
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 3: "prescribed guide for conduct or action." This is very broad.
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 1: "principle or condition that customarily governs behavior."
    *   Usually, when referring to the "rules" of a specific activity (like a game, a sport, or a highly structured hobby), Sense 8 is the most precise.

    *   Sense 8: "directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted"
    *   Example: "he knew the rules of chess"
    *   Change-ringing is very similar to chess in its mathematical complexity and strict adherence to a set of rules (methods).

    *   Sense 1: "it was his rule to take a walk before breakfast" (personal habit/regulation).
    *   Sense 3: "prescript" (very general).
    *   Sense 8: "rules of chess" (structured activity).

    Change-ringing is a structured activity with a set of governing rules. Sense 8 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: state
Target surface form: state
Context:
It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules <t>state</t>. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=state%2:32:00:: | definition=express in words | synonyms=say, tell | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you
2. sense_key=state%2:32:01:: | definition=put before | synonyms=submit, put forward, posit | examples=I submit to you that the accused is guilty
3. sense_key=state%2:32:02:: | definition=indicate through a symbol, formula, etc. | synonyms=express | examples=Can you express this distance in kilometers?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `state`
    *   Target surface form: `state`
    *   Context: "...Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules <t>state</t>."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `state%2:32:00::` | definition=express in words | synonyms=say, tell
        2.  `state%2:32:01::` | definition=put before | synonyms=submit, put forward, posit
        3.  `state%2:32:02::` | definition=indicate through a symbol, formula, etc. | synonyms=express

    *   The sentence is: "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state."
    *   Here, "the rules state" means the rules *say* or *express in words* that each variation can occur only once.

    *   Sense 1: "express in words" (synonyms: say, tell). This fits perfectly. Rules "say" or "state" things.
    *   Sense 2: "put before" (synonyms: submit, put forward, posit). This is more about making an argument or a proposal (e.g., "I submit that..."). Not the case here.
    *   Sense 3: "indicate through a symbol, formula, etc." (synonyms: express). This is more about mathematical or symbolic representation (e.g., "express this distance in kilometers"). Not the case here.

    *   The most appropriate sense is Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: ringer
Target surface form: Ringers
Context:
The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. <t>Ringers</t> memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ringer%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation) | synonyms=toller, bell ringer
2. sense_key=ringer%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who is almost identical to another | synonyms=dead ringer, clone
3. sense_key=ringer%1:18:00:: | definition=a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses
4. sense_key=ringer%1:04:00:: | definition=(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `ringer`
    *   Target surface form: `Ringers`
    *   Context: The text describes "Change-ringing," a tradition in England involving church bells. It mentions "the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound" and "Ringers memorize patterns of changes."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `ringer%1:18:02::`: a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation) | synonyms=toller, bell ringer
        2.  `ringer%1:18:01::`: a person who is almost identical to another | synonyms=dead ringer, clone
        3.  `ringer%1:18:00::`: a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses
        4.  `ringer%1:04:00::`: (horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg

    *   The context is explicitly about church bells and the art of change-ringing.
    *   "Ringers" refers to the people performing this activity.
    *   Sense 1 matches perfectly: "a person who rings church bells".

    *   Sense 1: Church bell ringer. (Correct)
    *   Sense 2: Look-alike. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 3: Fraudulent contestant. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 4: Horseshoe throw. (Incorrect)


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: method
Target surface form: methods
Context:
The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "<t>methods</t>, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=method%1:09:00:: | definition=a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)
2. sense_key=method%1:04:00:: | definition=an acting technique introduced by Stanislavsky in which the actor recalls emotions or reactions from his or her own life and uses them to identify with the character being portrayed | synonyms=method acting

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `method`
    *   Target surface form: `methods`
    *   Context: "Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as 'methods,' which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `method%1:09:00::`: a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps).
        2.  `method%1:04:00::`: an acting technique introduced by Stanislavsky... (method acting).

    *   The text describes "change-ringing" (ringing bells).
    *   It mentions "patterns of changes" which are called "methods".
    *   These "methods" have specific names (e.g., Kent Treble Bob Major).
    *   This refers to a systematic way of arranging the sequence of bell strikes.

    *   Sense 1: "a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)". This fits perfectly. A "method" in change-ringing is a systematic pattern/sequence.
    *   Sense 2: "an acting technique... (method acting)". This is completely irrelevant to bell ringing.

    *   The correct sense is index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: name
Target surface form: names
Context:
The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding <t>names</t> like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=name%1:10:00:: | definition=a language unit by which a person or thing is known | examples=his name really is George Washington; those are two names for the same thing
2. sense_key=name%1:26:00:: | definition=a person's reputation | examples=he wanted to protect his good name
3. sense_key=name%1:14:00:: | definition=family based on male descent | synonyms=gens | examples=he had no sons and there was no one to carry on his name
4. sense_key=name%1:18:00:: | definition=a well-known or notable person | synonyms=figure, public figure | examples=they studied all the great names in the history of France; she is an important figure in modern music
5. sense_key=name%1:04:00:: | definition=by the sanction or authority of | examples=halt in the name of the law
6. sense_key=name%1:10:01:: | definition=a defamatory or abusive word or phrase | synonyms=epithet

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `name`
    *   Target surface form: `names`
    *   Context: "Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as 'methods,' which have odd-sounding <t>names</t> like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters."

    *   Sense 1: "a language unit by which a person or thing is known" (e.g., "his name really is George Washington").
    *   Sense 2: "a person's reputation" (e.g., "protect his good name").
    *   Sense 3: "family based on male descent" (e.g., "carry on his name").
    *   Sense 4: "a well-known or notable person" (e.g., "great names in the history of France").
    *   Sense 5: "by the sanction or authority of" (e.g., "in the name of the law").
    *   Sense 6: "a defamatory or abusive word or phrase" (e.g., "epithet").

    *   The context refers to "methods" (patterns of changes in bell ringing).
    *   These methods have "odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters."
    *   "Kent Treble Bob Major" and "Grandsire Caters" are the labels/titles used to identify these specific patterns.
    *   This fits perfectly with Sense 1: "a language unit by which a person or thing is known."

    *   Sense 1: Language unit/label for a thing (the method). Matches.
    *   Sense 2: Reputation. Does not match.
    *   Sense 3: Family descent. Does not match.
    *   Sense 4: Notable person. Does not match.
    *   Sense 5: Authority. Does not match.
    *   Sense 6: Abusive word. Does not match.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: series
Target surface form: series
Context:
Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A <t>series</t> of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=series%1:14:00:: | definition=similar things placed in order or happening one after another | examples=they were investigating a series of bank robberies
2. sense_key=series%1:10:01:: | definition=a serialized set of programs | synonyms=serial | examples=a comedy series; the Masterworks concert series
3. sense_key=series%1:10:00:: | definition=a periodical that appears at scheduled times | synonyms=serial, serial publication
4. sense_key=series%1:11:00:: | definition=(sports) several contests played successively by the same teams | examples=the visiting team swept the series
5. sense_key=series%1:24:00:: | definition=(electronics) connection of components in such a manner that current flows first through one and then through the other | examples=the voltage divider consisted of a series of fixed resistors
6. sense_key=series%1:14:01:: | definition=a group of postage stamps having a common theme or a group of coins or currency selected as a group for study or collection | examples=the Post Office issued a series commemorating famous American entertainers; his coin collection included the complete series of Indian-head pennies
7. sense_key=series%1:09:00:: | definition=(mathematics) the sum of a finite or infinite sequence of expressions

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "series"
    *   Context: "A <t>series</t> of 5,000 or so changes is a 'peal' and takes about three hours."
    *   Meaning in context: A sequence or succession of "changes" (variations in the order of bells sounding) that make up a "peal".

    *   Sense 1: "similar things placed in order or happening one after another" (Example: "a series of bank robberies").
    *   Sense 2: "a serialized set of programs" (Example: "a comedy series").
    *   Sense 3: "a periodical that appears at scheduled times" (Example: "serial publication").
    *   Sense 4: "(sports) several contests played successively by the same teams" (Example: "the visiting team swept the series").
    *   Sense 5: "(electronics) connection of components..."
    *   Sense 6: "a group of postage stamps... or coins..."
    *   Sense 7: "(mathematics) the sum of a finite or infinite sequence of expressions".

    *   The context describes "changes" (variations in bell ringing) happening one after another.
    *   A "peal" is defined as a "series of 5,000 or so changes".
    *   This fits perfectly with Sense 1: "similar things placed in order or happening one after another".

    *   Sense 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 are too specific (TV shows, periodicals, sports, electronics, stamps/coins, math).
    *   Sense 1 is the general sense of a sequence or succession.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: take
Target surface form: takes
Context:
Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and <t>takes</t> about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=take%2:41:04:: | definition=carry out | examples=take action; take steps
2. sense_key=take%2:40:06:: | definition=require (time or space) | synonyms=occupy, use up | examples=It took three hours to get to work this morning; This event occupied a very short time
3. sense_key=take%2:38:09:: | definition=take somebody somewhere | synonyms=lead, direct, conduct, guide | examples=We lead him to our chief; can you take me to the main entrance?
4. sense_key=take%2:35:00:: | definition=get into one's hands, take physically | synonyms=get hold of | examples=Take a cookie!; Can you take this bag, please
5. sense_key=take%2:30:01:: | definition=take on a certain form, attribute, or aspect | synonyms=assume, acquire, adopt, take on | examples=His voice took on a sad tone; The story took a new turn
6. sense_key=take%2:31:07:: | definition=interpret something in a certain way; convey a particular meaning or impression | synonyms=read | examples=I read this address as a satire; How should I take this message?
7. sense_key=take%2:38:10:: | definition=take something or somebody with oneself somewhere | synonyms=bring, convey | examples=Bring me the box from the other room; Take these letters to the boss
8. sense_key=take%2:40:00:: | definition=take into one's possession | examples=We are taking an orphan from Romania; I'll take three salmon steaks
9. sense_key=take%2:38:02:: | definition=travel or go by means of a certain kind of transportation, or a certain route | examples=He takes the bus to work; She takes Route 1 to Newark
10. sense_key=take%2:31:01:: | definition=pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives | synonyms=choose, select, pick out | examples=Take any one of these cards; Choose a good husband for your daughter
11. sense_key=take%2:40:05:: | definition=receive willingly something given or offered | synonyms=accept, have | examples=The only girl who would have him was the miller's daughter; I won't have this dog in my house!
12. sense_key=take%2:41:00:: | definition=assume, as of positions or roles | synonyms=fill, occupy | examples=She took the job as director of development; he occupies the position of manager
13. sense_key=take%2:31:03:: | definition=take into consideration for exemplifying purposes | synonyms=consider, deal, look at | examples=Take the case of China; Consider the following case
14. sense_key=take%2:42:00:: | definition=require as useful, just, or proper | synonyms=necessitate, ask, postulate, need, require, involve | examples=It takes nerve to do what she did; success usually requires hard work
15. sense_key=take%2:39:00:: | definition=experience or feel or submit to | examples=Take a test; Take the plunge
16. sense_key=take%2:32:02:: | definition=make a film or photograph of something | synonyms=film, shoot | examples=take a scene; shoot a movie
17. sense_key=take%2:30:00:: | definition=remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract | synonyms=remove, take away, withdraw | examples=remove a threat; remove a wrapper
18. sense_key=take%2:34:00:: | definition=serve oneself to, or consume regularly | synonyms=consume, ingest, take in, have | examples=Have another bowl of chicken soup!; I don't take sugar in my coffee
19. sense_key=take%2:31:09:: | definition=accept or undergo, often unwillingly | synonyms=submit | examples=We took a pay cut
20. sense_key=take%2:40:15:: | definition=make use of or accept for some purpose | synonyms=accept | examples=take a risk; take an opportunity
21. sense_key=take%2:40:01:: | definition=take by force | examples=Hitler took the Baltic Republics; The army took the fort on the hill
22. sense_key=take%2:38:00:: | definition=occupy or take on | synonyms=assume, strike, take up | examples=He assumes the lotus position; She took her seat on the stage
23. sense_key=take%2:40:07:: | definition=admit into a group or community | synonyms=accept, admit, take on | examples=accept students for graduate study; We'll have to vote on whether or not to admit a new member
24. sense_key=take%2:30:08:: | definition=ascertain or determine by measuring, computing or take a reading from a dial | examples=take a pulse; A reading was taken of the earth's tremors
25. sense_key=take%2:31:02:: | definition=be a student of a certain subject | synonyms=learn, study, read | examples=She is reading for the bar exam
26. sense_key=take%2:32:00:: | definition=take as an undesirable consequence of some event or state of affairs | synonyms=claim, exact | examples=the accident claimed three lives; The hard work took its toll on her
27. sense_key=take%2:38:05:: | definition=head into a specified direction | synonyms=make | examples=The escaped convict took to the hills; We made for the mountains
28. sense_key=take%2:33:09:: | definition=point or cause to go (blows, weapons, or objects such as photographic equipment) towards | synonyms=aim, train, take aim, direct | examples=Please don't aim at your little brother!; He trained his gun on the burglar
29. sense_key=take%2:30:09:: | definition=be seized or affected in a specified way | examples=take sick; be taken drunk
30. sense_key=take%2:42:10:: | definition=have with oneself; have on one's person | synonyms=carry, pack | examples=She always takes an umbrella; I always carry money
31. sense_key=take%2:40:03:: | definition=engage for service under a term of contract | synonyms=lease, rent, hire, charter, engage | examples=We took an apartment on a quiet street; Let's rent a car
32. sense_key=take%2:40:04:: | definition=receive or obtain regularly | synonyms=subscribe, subscribe to | examples=We take the Times every day
33. sense_key=take%2:40:02:: | definition=buy, select | examples=I'll take a pound of that sausage
34. sense_key=take%2:40:08:: | definition=to get into a position of having, e.g., safety, comfort | examples=take shelter from the storm
35. sense_key=take%2:35:14:: | definition=have sex with; archaic use | synonyms=have | examples=He had taken this woman when she was most vulnerable
36. sense_key=take%2:32:09:: | definition=lay claim to; as of an idea | synonyms=claim | examples=She took credit for the whole idea
37. sense_key=take%2:42:03:: | definition=be designed to hold or take | synonyms=accept | examples=This surface will not take the dye
38. sense_key=take%2:42:15:: | definition=be capable of holding or containing | synonyms=contain, hold | examples=This box won't take all the items; The flask holds one gallon
39. sense_key=take%2:41:13:: | definition=develop a habit | examples=He took to visiting bars
40. sense_key=take%2:38:11:: | definition=proceed along in a vehicle | synonyms=drive | examples=We drive the turnpike to work
41. sense_key=take%2:33:08:: | definition=obtain by winning | examples=Winner takes all; He took first prize
42. sense_key=take%2:29:08:: | definition=be stricken by an illness, fall victim to an illness | synonyms=contract, get | examples=He got AIDS; She came down with pneumonia

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `take`
    *   Target surface form: `takes`
    *   Context: "A series of 5,000 or so changes is a 'peal' and <t>takes</t> about three hours."
    *   Meaning: The "peal" (a series of changes) requires or occupies about three hours of time.

    *   Sense 1: carry out (take action) - No.
    *   Sense 2: require (time or space) | synonyms=occupy, use up | examples=It took three hours to get to work this morning - **Matches perfectly.**
    *   Sense 3: take somebody somewhere - No.
    *   Sense 4: get into one's hands - No.
    *   Sense 5: take on a certain form - No.
    *   Sense 6: interpret something - No.
    *   Sense 7: take something with oneself - No.
    *   Sense 8: take into one's possession - No.
    *   Sense 9: travel by means of transportation - No.
    *   Sense 10: pick out, select - No.
    *   Sense 11: receive willingly - No.
    *   Sense 12: assume positions or roles - No.
    *   Sense 13: take into consideration - No.
    *   Sense 14: require as useful, just, or proper (e.g., "It takes nerve") - This is about qualities/requirements, not time duration.
    *   Sense 15: experience or feel - No.
    *   Sense 16: make a film - No.
    *   Sense 17: remove something - No.
    *   Sense 18: consume regularly - No.
    *   Sense 19: accept or undergo unwillingly - No.
    *   Sense 20: make use of or accept for some purpose - No.
    *   Sense 21: take by force - No.
    *   Sense 22: occupy or take on (position) - No.
    *   Sense 23: admit into a group - No.
    *   Sense 24: ascertain by measuring - No.
    *   Sense 25: be a student of - No.
    *   Sense 26: take as an undesirable consequence - No.
    *   Sense 27: head into a specified direction - No.
    *   Sense 28: point or cause to go towards - No.
    *   Sense 29: be seized or affected - No.
    *   Sense 30: have with oneself - No.
    *   Sense 31: engage for service - No.
    *   Sense 32: receive or obtain regularly - No.
    *   Sense 33: buy, select - No.
    *   Sense 34: get into a position of having (safety) - No.
    *   Sense 35: have sex with - No.
    *   Sense 36: lay claim to - No.
    *   Sense 37: be designed to hold - No.
    *   Sense 38: be capable of holding or containing - No.
    *   Sense 39: develop a habit - No.
    *   Sense 40: proceed along in a vehicle - No.
    *   Sense 41: obtain by winning - No.
    *   Sense 42: be stricken by an illness - No.

    *   The context "takes about three hours" refers to the duration of time required for a "peal".
    *   Sense 2: "require (time or space) | synonyms=occupy, use up | examples=It took three hours to get to work this morning". This is an exact match.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: about
Target surface form: about
Context:
Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes <t>about</t> three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=about%4:02:00:: | definition=(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct | synonyms=approximately, close to, just about, some, roughly, more or less | examples=lasted approximately an hour; in just about a minute
2. sense_key=about%4:02:06:: | definition=all around or on all sides | synonyms=around | examples=dirty clothes lying around (or about); let's look about for help
3. sense_key=about%4:02:01:: | definition=in the area or vicinity | synonyms=around | examples=a few spectators standing about; hanging around
4. sense_key=about%4:02:04:: | definition=used of movement to or among many different places or in no particular direction | synonyms=around | examples=wandering about with no place to go; people were rushing about
5. sense_key=about%4:02:02:: | definition=in or to a reversed position or direction | synonyms=around | examples=about face; suddenly she turned around
6. sense_key=about%4:02:03:: | definition=in rotation or succession | examples=turn about is fair play
7. sense_key=about%4:02:05:: | definition=(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but | synonyms=almost, most, nearly, near, nigh, virtually | examples=the job is (just) about done; the baby was almost asleep when the alarm sounded

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: "about"
    *   Target surface form: "about"
    *   Context: "A series of 5,000 or so changes is a 'peal' and takes <t>about</t> three hours."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  (of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct (approximately, roughly)
        2.  all around or on all sides (around)
        3.  in the area or vicinity (around)
        4.  movement to or among many different places (around)
        5.  in or to a reversed position or direction (around)
        6.  in rotation or succession
        7.  slightly short of or not quite accomplished (almost)

    *   The sentence is: "A series of 5,000 or so changes is a 'peal' and takes about three hours."
    *   "about three hours" refers to a quantity of time.
    *   It means "approximately three hours."

    *   Sense 1: "(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct | synonyms=approximately, close to, just about, some, roughly, more or less | examples=lasted approximately an hour; in just about a minute"
    *   This matches perfectly.

    *   Sense 2: all around or on all sides (No)
    *   Sense 3: in the area or vicinity (No)
    *   Sense 4: movement (No)
    *   Sense 5: reversed position (No)
    *   Sense 6: rotation or succession (No)
    *   Sense 7: almost/nearly (No - "about three hours" doesn't mean "almost three hours" in the sense of "not quite", but rather "approximately").

    *   The best sense is Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: hour
Target surface form: hours
Context:
Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three <t>hours</t>. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=hour%1:28:00:: | definition=a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day | synonyms=hr, 60 minutes | examples=the job will take more than an hour
2. sense_key=hour%1:28:01:: | definition=clock time | synonyms=time of day | examples=the hour is getting late
3. sense_key=hour%1:28:02:: | definition=a special and memorable period | examples=it was their finest hour
4. sense_key=hour%1:07:00:: | definition=distance measured by the time taken to cover it | synonyms=minute | examples=we live an hour from the airport; its just 10 minutes away

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `hour`
    *   Target surface form: `hours`
    *   Context: "A series of 5,000 or so changes is a 'peal' and takes about three <t>hours</t>."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `hour%1:28:00::`: a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day (duration).
        2.  `hour%1:28:01::`: clock time (time of day).
        3.  `hour%1:28:02::`: a special and memorable period.
        4.  `hour%1:07:00::`: distance measured by the time taken to cover it.

    *   The sentence says "takes about three hours".
    *   This refers to the duration of time required to complete a "peal" (a series of 5,000 changes).
    *   "Three hours" in this context means three periods of 60 minutes each.

    *   Sense 1: "a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day" (duration). This fits perfectly.
    *   Sense 2: "clock time" (e.g., "the hour is getting late"). This does not fit.
    *   Sense 3: "a special and memorable period" (e.g., "finest hour"). This does not fit.
    *   Sense 4: "distance measured by the time taken to cover it" (e.g., "an hour from the airport"). This does not fit.

    *   The best sense is Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: look
Target surface form: look
Context:
Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A <t>look</t> at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=look%1:07:01:: | definition=the feelings expressed on a person's face | synonyms=expression, aspect, facial expression, face | examples=a sad expression; a look of triumph
2. sense_key=look%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually | synonyms=looking, looking at | examples=he went out to have a look; his look was fixed on her eyes
3. sense_key=look%1:07:00:: | definition=physical appearance | examples=I don't like the looks of this place
4. sense_key=look%1:26:00:: | definition=the general atmosphere of a place or situation and the effect that it has on people | synonyms=spirit, tone, feel, feeling, flavor, flavour | examples=the feel of the city excited him; a clergyman improved the tone of the meeting

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `look`
    *   Target surface form: `look`
    *   Context: "A <t>look</t> at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `look%1:07:01::`: feelings expressed on a person's face (expression).
        2.  `look%1:04:00::`: the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually (looking at).
        3.  `look%1:07:00::`: physical appearance.
        4.  `look%1:26:00::`: general atmosphere of a place or situation.

    *   The sentence says: "A look at a Thursday night practice... gives an idea of the work involved."
    *   In this context, "a look" means the act of observing or watching the practice.
    *   It's not about a facial expression (Sense 1).
    *   It's not about the physical appearance of the practice (Sense 3) in the sense of "the look of the room," but rather the act of observing the activity.
    *   It's not about the general atmosphere/spirit (Sense 4).
    *   It fits "the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually" (Sense 2).

    *   Sense 2: "the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually"
    *   Example: "he went out to have a look"
    *   Context: "A look at a Thursday night practice... gives an idea..." (Similar to "Having a look at the practice gives an idea...")

    *   Sense 1: Facial expression (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 2: Act of looking (Correct)
    *   Sense 3: Physical appearance (Incorrect - "the look of the church" would be appearance, but "a look at the practice" is the act of observing)
    *   Sense 4: Atmosphere (Incorrect)


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: night
Target surface form: night
Context:
Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday <t>night</t> practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=night%1:28:00:: | definition=the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside | synonyms=nighttime, dark
2. sense_key=night%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of ignorance or backwardness or gloom
3. sense_key=night%1:28:04:: | definition=the period spent sleeping | examples=I had a restless night
4. sense_key=night%1:28:02:: | definition=the dark part of the diurnal cycle considered a time unit | examples=three nights later he collapsed
5. sense_key=night%1:26:00:: | definition=darkness | examples=it vanished into the night
6. sense_key=night%1:28:05:: | definition=a shortening of nightfall | examples=they worked from morning to night
7. sense_key=night%1:28:03:: | definition=the time between sunset and midnight | examples=he watched television every night
8. sense_key=night%1:18:00:: | definition=Roman goddess of night; daughter of Erebus; counterpart of Greek Nyx | synonyms=Nox

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 7}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 7}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `night`
    *   Target surface form: `night`
    *   Context: "A look at a Thursday <t>night</t> practice at St. Mary Abbot church..."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `night%1:28:00::`: the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside (nighttime, dark)
        2.  `night%1:28:01::`: a period of ignorance or backwardness or gloom
        3.  `night%1:28:04::`: the period spent sleeping
        4.  `night%1:28:02::`: the dark part of the diurnal cycle considered a time unit
        5.  `night%1:26:00::`: darkness
        6.  `night%1:28:05::`: a shortening of nightfall
        7.  `night%1:28:03::`: the time between sunset and midnight
        8.  `night%1:18:00::`: Roman goddess of night

    *   The phrase is "Thursday night practice".
    *   Here, "night" refers to the time of day when the practice takes place.
    *   It's used as a modifier for "practice", specifying the time of the event.

    *   Sense 1: General time after sunset and before sunrise.
    *   Sense 2: Metaphorical (ignorance). (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 3: Period spent sleeping. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 4: Time unit (e.g., "three nights later"). (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 5: Darkness. (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 6: Shortening of nightfall (e.g., "morning to night"). (Incorrect)
    *   Sense 7: The time between sunset and midnight (e.g., "watched television every night").
    *   Sense 8: Goddess. (Incorrect)

    *   Sense 1 is the general definition of the time of day.
    *   Sense 7 is a more specific window (sunset to midnight).
    *   In "Thursday night practice", it refers to the evening/nighttime period.
    *   Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 7:
        *   Sense 1: "the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside"
        *   Sense 7: "the time between sunset and midnight"
    *   Usually, "Thursday night" refers to the evening part of Thursday.
    *   Let's look at the examples for Sense 7: "he watched television every night". This is very similar to "Thursday night practice".
    *   Let's look at Sense 1: "nighttime, dark".
    *   In many WordNet-based disambiguation tasks, "night" as a time of day for an activity (like "night practice", "Friday night") often maps to the general time of day (Sense 1) or the specific evening period (Sense 7).
    *   Wait, let's re-evaluate Sense 7: "the time between sunset and midnight". This is essentially "evening".
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 1: "the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside".
    *   "Thursday night practice" likely happens in the evening (between sunset and midnight).
    *   However, "night" in "Thursday night" is often used as a general time-of-day marker.
    *   Let's check if there's a better fit.
    *   Sense 4 is a time unit ("three nights later"). "Thursday night" is a specific night, but "night" here is modifying "practice".
    *   Looking at the options again, Sense 7 ("the time between sunset and midnight") fits the typical timing of a "night practice" better than the entire period until sunrise (Sense 1).

    *   Sense 1: General nighttime.
    *   Sense 7: Sunset to midnight.
    *   Example for Sense 7: "he watched television every night".
    *   Example for Sense 1: (no example, but synonyms are nighttime, dark).
    *   "Thursday night practice" is an event occurring during the night/evening.
    *   In common usage, "night" in "Thursday night" refers to the evening.

    *   Sense 1: `night%1:28:00::`
    *   Sense 7: `night%1:28:03::`
    *   If I have to choose the *best* one, Sense 7 specifically covers the time people are usually awake and doing activities (like practice) after sunset.

    *   Wait, let me double-check Sense 1 again. "the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside".
    *   If someone says "Thursday night", they usually mean the evening of Thursday.
    *   Let's look at Sense 7 again: "the time between sunset and midnight".
    *   This seems more precise for a "practice" session.

    *   Sense 1: General period of darkness.
    *   Sense 7: The part of the night when people are active (sunset to midnight).
    *   "Thursday night practice" fits Sense 7 better.

    *   Wait, let me search for how "night" is typically disambiguated in these datasets. Often, "night" as a time of day for an activity is Sense 7.

    *   Sense 1: night%1:28:00::
    *   Sense 7: night%1:28:03::
    *   Context: "Thursday night practice"
    *   Sense 7 example: "he watched television every night"
    *   This matches the usage of "night" as a time for an activity.

    *   Sense 1: General time.
    *   Sense 7: Sunset to midnight.
    *   "Thursday night" is the time of day.
    *   Is "Thursday night" a time unit (Sense 4)? No, it's modifying "practice".
    *   Is it "darkness" (Sense 5)? No.
    *   Is it "nightfall" (Sense 6)? No.
    *   Is it "sleeping" (Sense 3)? No.
    *   Is it "ignorance" (Sense 2)? No.
    *   Is it the goddess (Sense 8)? No.
    *   Between 1 and 7, 7 is more specific to the time people are active.

    *   Sense 7: "the time between sunset and midnight"
    *   Example: "he watched television every night"
    *   This fits "Thursday night practice" perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: practice
Target surface form: practice
Context:
Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night <t>practice</t> at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=practice%1:04:00:: | definition=a customary way of operation or behavior | synonyms=pattern | examples=it is their practice to give annual raises; they changed their dietary pattern
2. sense_key=practice%1:04:02:: | definition=systematic training by multiple repetitions | synonyms=exercise, drill, practice session, recitation | examples=practice makes perfect
3. sense_key=practice%1:04:04:: | definition=translating an idea into action | synonyms=praxis | examples=a hard theory to put into practice; differences between theory and praxis of communism
4. sense_key=practice%1:04:03:: | definition=the exercise of a profession | examples=the practice of the law; I took over his practice when he retired
5. sense_key=practice%1:09:00:: | definition=knowledge of how something is usually done | examples=it is not the local practice to wear shorts to dinner

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `practice`
    *   Target surface form: `practice`
    *   Context: "A look at a Thursday night <t>practice</t> at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved."
    *   Surrounding context: The text describes the complex art of bell ringing (rounds, changes, methods, peals). It mentions ringers memorizing patterns and the physical effort involved.

    *   Sense 1: `practice%1:04:00` - a customary way of operation or behavior (pattern). (e.g., "it is their practice to give annual raises")
    *   Sense 2: `practice%1:04:02` - systematic training by multiple repetitions (exercise, drill, practice session). (e.g., "practice makes perfect")
    *   Sense 3: `practice%1:04:04` - translating an idea into action (praxis). (e.g., "put into practice")
    *   Sense 4: `practice%1:04:03` - the exercise of a profession. (e.g., "the practice of the law")
    *   Sense 5: `practice%1:09:00` - knowledge of how something is usually done. (e.g., "local practice")

    *   The sentence refers to a "Thursday night practice".
    *   This refers to a scheduled session where the bell ringers gather to train and refine their skills (systematic training by multiple repetitions).
    *   This matches Sense 2 ("systematic training by multiple repetitions", synonyms: "practice session").

    *   Sense 1 (customary way): No, it's a specific event on a Thursday night.
    *   Sense 3 (praxis): No, it's not about the general application of theory.
    *   Sense 4 (profession): No, bell ringing here is described as a skill/activity, and "Thursday night practice" clearly refers to a training session, not a professional business practice.
    *   Sense 5 (knowledge): No, it's an event, not a body of knowledge.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: church
Target surface form: church
Context:
Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells. Then, at a signal, the ringers begin varying the order in which the bells sound without altering the steady rhythm of the striking. Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state. Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot <t>church</t> in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=church%1:14:00:: | definition=one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship | synonyms=Christian church
2. sense_key=church%1:06:00:: | definition=a place for public (especially Christian) worship | synonyms=church building | examples=the church was empty
3. sense_key=church%1:04:00:: | definition=a service conducted in a house of worship | synonyms=church service | examples=don't be late for church
4. sense_key=church%1:14:01:: | definition=the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church | examples=our church is hosting a picnic next week

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
*   Target lemma: `church`
    *   Target surface form: `church`
    *   Context: "A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot <t>church</t> in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved."
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `church%1:14:00::`: group of Christians (denomination).
        2.  `church%1:06:00::`: place for public worship (building).
        3.  `church%1:04:00::`: service conducted in a house of worship.
        4.  `church%1:14:01::`: body of people who attend a local church (congregation).

    *   The sentence mentions "St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London".
    *   It describes a "Thursday night practice" taking place there.
    *   It mentions "Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle... each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber."
    *   The context clearly refers to a physical location/building where bell ringing takes place.

    *   Sense 1 (denomination) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 2 (building) - Correct. "St. Mary Abbot church" refers to the physical building.
    *   Sense 3 (service) - Incorrect.
    *   Sense 4 (congregation) - Incorrect.

    *   The target word "church" in "St. Mary Abbot church" refers to the building.
    *   Sense 2 is "a place for public (especially Christian) worship" with the synonym "church building".