[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: have
Target surface form: have
Context:
Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking <t>have</t> lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=have%2:40:00:: | definition=have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense | synonyms=have got, hold | examples=She has $1,000 in the bank; He has got two beautiful daughters
2. sense_key=have%2:42:00:: | definition=have as a feature | synonyms=feature | examples=This restaurant features the most famous chefs in France
3. sense_key=have%2:39:06:: | definition=go through (mental or physical states or experiences) | synonyms=experience, receive, get | examples=get an idea; experience vertigo
4. sense_key=have%2:40:04:: | definition=have ownership or possession of | synonyms=own, possess | examples=He owns three houses in Florida; How many cars does she have?
5. sense_key=have%2:30:00:: | definition=cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition | synonyms=get, let | examples=He got his squad on the ball; This let me in for a big surprise
6. sense_key=have%2:34:00:: | definition=serve oneself to, or consume regularly | synonyms=consume, ingest, take in, take | examples=Have another bowl of chicken soup!; I don't take sugar in my coffee
7. sense_key=have%2:41:00:: | definition=have a personal or business relationship with someone | examples=have a postdoc; have an assistant
8. sense_key=have%2:36:00:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, make, give | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
9. sense_key=have%2:40:01:: | definition=have left | examples=I have two years left; I don't have any money left
10. sense_key=have%2:42:12:: | definition=be confronted with | examples=What do we have here?; Now we have a fine mess
11. sense_key=have%2:30:01:: | definition=undergo | synonyms=experience | examples=The stocks had a fast run-up
12. sense_key=have%2:29:02:: | definition=suffer from; be ill with | examples=She has arthritis
13. sense_key=have%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, get, make | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
14. sense_key=have%2:40:05:: | definition=receive willingly something given or offered | synonyms=accept, take | examples=The only girl who would have him was the miller's daughter; I won't have this dog in my house!
15. sense_key=have%2:40:03:: | definition=get something; come into possession of | synonyms=receive | examples=receive payment; receive a gift
16. sense_key=have%2:29:05:: | definition=undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | synonyms=suffer, sustain, get | examples=She suffered a fracture in the accident; He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars
17. sense_key=have%2:40:02:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=get, make | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
18. sense_key=have%2:29:00:: | definition=cause to be born | synonyms=give birth, deliver, bear, birth | examples=My wife had twins yesterday!
19. sense_key=have%2:35:00:: | definition=have sex with; archaic use | synonyms=take | examples=He had taken this woman when she was most vulnerable

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "have" in the context: "Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office."
The phrase is "have lower security in office".
This means they possess or experience lower security in office.
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense (have got, hold) - "She has $1,000 in the bank; He has got two beautiful daughters"
2. have as a feature
3. go through (mental or physical states or experiences) (experience, receive, get) - "get an idea; experience vertigo"
4. have ownership or possession of
10. be confronted with
11. undergo (experience)
16. undergo (as of injuries and illnesses)

Wait, "have lower security in office" -> possess or have as a characteristic.
Sense 1: "have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense"
Synonyms: have got, hold.
Examples: She has $1,000 in the bank; He has got two beautiful daughters.
Is it sense 1? "have lower security" -> possess lower security.
Let's check sense 1. "have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense".
Yes, "have lower security" is an abstract possession.
Let's check sense 3: "go through (mental or physical states or experiences)". "have lower security" is not really going through an experience, it's a state of possessing a certain level of security.
Let's check sense 1 again. "have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense".
"have lower security in office" -> possess lower security.
Is there any other sense?
Sense 1 fits best. "have" + abstract noun (lower security).
Let's review the options.
1. sense_key=have%2:40:00:: | definition=have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense | synonyms=have got, hold | examples=She has $1,000 in the bank; He has got two beautiful daughters
This matches "have lower security".

Let's double check if there's any other "have" sense for "have lower security".
"have" + [property/attribute] -> sense 1.
"have a problem", "have a chance", "have lower security".
Yes, sense 1.
I will output {"sense_index": 1}.
Wait, let's consider sense 1 vs sense 4. Sense 4 is "have ownership or possession of" (own, possess). "He owns three houses". Security is not owned.
Sense 1 is "have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense". This perfectly covers abstract possession like "security".
Therefore, sense 1 is the best.
Context: "legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office."
"have" = possess (abstractly).
Sense 1.
I am confident in 1.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: office
Target surface form: office
Context:
Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in <t>office</t>. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=office%1:06:00:: | definition=place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed | synonyms=business office | examples=he rented an office in the new building
2. sense_key=office%1:14:01:: | definition=an administrative unit of government | synonyms=agency, federal agency, government agency, bureau, authority | examples=the Central Intelligence Agency; the Census Bureau
3. sense_key=office%1:04:01:: | definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=function, part, role | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part
4. sense_key=office%1:26:00:: | definition=(of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power | synonyms=power | examples=being in office already gives a candidate a great advantage; during his first year in office
5. sense_key=office%1:14:00:: | definition=professional or clerical workers in an office | synonyms=office staff | examples=the whole office was late the morning of the blizzard
6. sense_key=office%1:04:00:: | definition=a religious rite or service prescribed by ecclesiastical authorities | examples=the offices of the mass
7. sense_key=office%1:04:02:: | definition=a job in an organization | synonyms=position, post, berth, spot, billet, place | examples=he occupied a post in the treasury

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The target word is "office" in the context: "Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in <t>office</t>."
The context is about legislators, incumbents, and their security in holding their position or being in power.
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. place of business
2. administrative unit of government
3. actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group (function, part, role)
4. (of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power | synonyms=power | examples=being in office already gives a candidate a great advantage; during his first year in office
5. professional or clerical workers in an office
6. religious rite or service
7. a job in an organization (position, post, berth, spot, billet, place)

Wait, "security in office" refers to holding an office, being in power.
Sense 4: "(of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power"
Examples: "being in office already gives a candidate a great advantage; during his first year in office"
This perfectly matches "security in office".

Let's check sense 7: "a job in an organization" (position, post, berth, spot, billet, place).
But "in office" is a specific idiom for holding political power. Sense 4 explicitly mentions "(of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power" and the example "during his first year in office".
The context says "lower security in office". This matches sense 4.

Let's double check.
"security in office" -> holding the position of power.
Sense 4: sense_key=office%1:26:00:: | definition=(of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power | synonyms=power | examples=being in office already gives a candidate a great advantage; during his first year in office

Yes, sense 4 is the best fit.
Context: "legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office."
This is exactly about being in power / holding office.
Sense 4 is the correct choice.
I will return {"sense_index": 4}.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Alibaba

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: member
Target surface form: members
Context:
The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term <t>members</t> of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=member%1:18:00:: | definition=one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization) | synonyms=fellow member | examples=only members will be admitted; a member of the faculty
2. sense_key=member%1:24:00:: | definition=anything that belongs to a set or class | examples=snakes are members of the class Reptilia; members of the opposite sex
3. sense_key=member%1:08:00:: | definition=an external body part that projects from the body | synonyms=extremity, appendage | examples=it is important to keep the extremities warm
4. sense_key=member%1:14:00:: | definition=an organization that is a member of another organization (especially a state that belongs to a group of nations) | examples=the library was a member of the interlibrary loan association; Canada is a member of the United Nations
5. sense_key=member%1:08:01:: | definition=the male organ of copulation (`member' is a euphemism) | synonyms=penis, phallus

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "members" in the context: "first-term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat."
The context refers to people who are part of a social group or organization, specifically the House of Representatives.
Sense 1: "one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)" - synonyms: fellow member. Examples: only members will be admitted; a member of the faculty.
Sense 2: "anything that belongs to a set or class"
Sense 3: "an external body part that projects from the body"
Sense 4: "an organization that is a member of another organization"
Sense 5: "the male organ of copulation"

"members of the House" clearly refers to persons who compose a social group/organization (the House of Representatives).
Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.
Let's double check. "first-term members of the House" -> individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization (the House).
Sense 1 is the correct choice.
The output format must be exactly {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: vulnerable
Target surface form: vulnerable
Context:
The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most <t>vulnerable</t> of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=vulnerable%3:00:00:: | definition=susceptible to attack | examples=a vulnerable bridge
2. sense_key=vulnerable%5:00:00:susceptible:00 | definition=susceptible to criticism or persuasion or temptation | examples=vulnerable to bribery; an argument vulnerable to refutation
3. sense_key=vulnerable%5:00:00:weak:00 | definition=capable of being wounded or hurt | examples=vulnerable parts of the body

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "vulnerable" in the context: "For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat."
The context is about political incumbents being susceptible to defeat (attack, criticism, or being beaten in an election).
Sense 1: susceptible to attack (a vulnerable bridge)
Sense 2: susceptible to criticism or persuasion or temptation (vulnerable to bribery; an argument vulnerable to refutation)
Sense 3: capable of being wounded or hurt (vulnerable parts of the body)

Wait, "vulnerable of incumbents" -> susceptible to attack (defeat in election).
Let's check the examples. "vulnerable of incumbents" -> susceptible to attack (defeat).
Is it sense 1? "susceptible to attack"
Let's see: "vulnerable" in WordNet:
1. susceptible to attack (a vulnerable bridge)
2. susceptible to criticism or persuasion or temptation (vulnerable to bribery; an argument vulnerable to refutation)
3. capable of being wounded or hurt (vulnerable parts of the body)

In the context, "vulnerable of incumbents" means they are susceptible to attack (defeat in an election).
Wait, "immune to defeat" is the opposite. Defeat is an attack.
So sense 1: susceptible to attack.

Let's read the context again: "first-term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat."
Defeat in an election is a form of attack or being beaten.
Sense 1: susceptible to attack.
Sense 2: susceptible to criticism or persuasion or temptation.
Sense 3: capable of being wounded or hurt.

"vulnerable" as in "vulnerable to defeat" -> susceptible to attack.
I will choose sense 1.
Wait, let's consider if "vulnerable" here means "capable of being wounded or hurt" (sense 3) or "susceptible to attack" (sense 1).
A bridge is vulnerable to attack. An incumbent is vulnerable to attack (by opponents in an election).
I'll go with 1.
Let's double check.
"vulnerable"
1. susceptible to attack
2. susceptible to criticism or persuasion or temptation
3. capable of being wounded or hurt

"vulnerable of incumbents" -> susceptible to attack.
Yes, 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: become
Target surface form: become
Context:
The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have <t>become</t> virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=become%2:30:00:: | definition=enter or assume a certain state or condition | synonyms=go, get | examples=He became annoyed when he heard the bad news; It must be getting more serious
2. sense_key=become%2:42:01:: | definition=undergo a change or development | synonyms=turn | examples=The water turned into ice; Her former friend became her worst enemy
3. sense_key=become%2:42:00:: | definition=come into existence | examples=What becomes has duration
4. sense_key=become%2:42:03:: | definition=enhance the appearance of | synonyms=suit | examples=Mourning becomes Electra; This behavior doesn't suit you!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "become" in the context: "For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat."
The sentence means that first-term members of the House have entered or assumed a certain state or condition (being virtually immune to defeat).
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=become%2:30:00:: | definition=enter or assume a certain state or condition | synonyms=go, get | examples=He became annoyed when he heard the bad news; It must be getting more serious
2. sense_key=become%2:42:01:: | definition=undergo a change or development | synonyms=turn | examples=The water turned into ice; Her former friend became her worst enemy
3. sense_key=become%2:42:00:: | definition=come into existence | examples=What becomes has duration
4. sense_key=become%2:42:03:: | definition=enhance the appearance of | synonyms=suit | examples=Mourning becomes Electra; This behavior doesn't suit you!

"have become virtually immune to defeat" -> they have entered or assumed the state of being virtually immune to defeat.
Sense 1: "enter or assume a certain state or condition" fits perfectly. "become immune" is like "get immune" or "go immune" (well, "get" is the synonym).
Sense 2: "undergo a change or development" - "turn" is the synonym. "have turned virtually immune" doesn't sound as good as "have gotten virtually immune".
Let's check the examples for sense 1: "He became annoyed when he heard the bad news" -> "become [adjective]". Here, "become virtually immune" is "become [adjective phrase]".
Sense 1 is the best fit.
Let's double check.
"first-term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat."
State or condition: immune to defeat.
Sense 1: enter or assume a certain state or condition.
Yes, sense 1.
End of thought.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: immune
Target surface form: immune
Context:
The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually <t>immune</t> to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=immune%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to the condition of immunity | examples=the immune system
2. sense_key=immune%5:00:00:exempt:00 | definition=secure against | examples=immune from taxation as long as he resided in Bermuda; immune from criminal prosecution
3. sense_key=immune%5:00:00:unsusceptible:00 | definition=relating to or conferring immunity (to disease or infection) | synonyms=resistant
4. sense_key=immune%5:00:00:unaffected:00 | definition=(usually followed by `to') not affected by a given influence | examples=immune to persuasion

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "immune" in the context: "first-term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat."
The context means they are not affected by defeat, or secure against defeat.
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. immune%3:01:00:: - relating to the condition of immunity (immune system)
2. immune%5:00:00:exempt:00 - secure against (immune from taxation, immune from criminal prosecution)
3. immune%5:00:00:unsusceptible:00 - relating to or conferring immunity (to disease or infection)
4. immune%5:00:00:unaffected:00 - (usually followed by `to') not affected by a given influence (immune to persuasion)

Wait, "immune to defeat" - is it "secure against" or "not affected by a given influence"?
"immune to defeat" -> not affected by defeat.
Let's check the examples for sense 4: "immune to persuasion".
Sense 2: "immune from taxation", "immune from criminal prosecution".
The text says "immune to defeat".
Sense 4 definition: "(usually followed by `to') not affected by a given influence".
Sense 2 definition: "secure against".
Is "defeat" an influence? Yes.
Let's see: "immune to defeat" -> not affected by defeat.
Wait, "immune to" is explicitly mentioned in sense 4: "(usually followed by `to') not affected by a given influence".
Let's check sense 4: "immune to persuasion".
"immune to defeat" matches "immune to [influence]".
Let's consider sense 2: "secure against". "immune from" is the example.
The text says "immune to defeat".
Therefore, sense 4 is the best fit.

Let's double check.
"immune to defeat" -> not affected by defeat.
Sense 4: "(usually followed by `to') not affected by a given influence"
Examples: "immune to persuasion"
This perfectly matches "immune to defeat".

Let's review the options.
1. immune%3:01:00::
2. immune%5:00:00:exempt:00
3. immune%5:00:00:unsusceptible:00
4. immune%5:00:00:unaffected:00

"immune to defeat" -> unaffected by defeat.
Sense 4 is the best.
Follows "to".
"not affected by a given influence"
Yes.
End of reasoning.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: defeat
Target surface form: defeat
Context:
The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to <t>defeat</t>. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=defeat%1:11:00:: | definition=an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest | synonyms=licking | examples=it was a narrow defeat; the army's only defeat
2. sense_key=defeat%1:12:00:: | definition=the feeling that accompanies an experience of being thwarted in attaining your goals | synonyms=frustration

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "defeat".
Context: "...first-term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980..."
The context talks about losing an election, an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest (election).
Sense 1: an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest (licking, narrow defeat, army's only defeat).
Sense 2: the feeling that accompanies an experience of being thwarted in attaining your goals (frustration).

The context clearly refers to losing an election, which is an unsuccessful ending to a contest.
Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit.
I will return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: exception
Target surface form: exception
Context:
While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one <t>exception</t> to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=exception%1:09:00:: | definition=a deliberate act of omission | synonyms=exclusion, elision | examples=with the exception of the children, everyone was told the news
2. sense_key=exception%1:09:01:: | definition=an instance that does not conform to a rule or generalization | examples=all her children were brilliant; the only exception was her last child; an exception tests the rule
3. sense_key=exception%1:10:00:: | definition=grounds for adverse criticism | examples=his authority is beyond exception

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "exception" in the context: "The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982."
The context talks about a "recent trend" (first-term members of the House becoming virtually immune to defeat) and mentions "The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans..."
This means it is an instance that does not conform to a rule or generalization (the trend).
Let's check the candidate senses:
1. a deliberate act of omission (exclusion, elision)
2. an instance that does not conform to a rule or generalization (all her children were brilliant; the only exception was her last child; an exception tests the rule)
3. grounds for adverse criticism (his authority is beyond exception)

Sense 2 fits perfectly: "an instance that does not conform to a rule or generalization". The trend is the generalization, and the defeat of the 13 freshmen is the instance that does not conform to it.

Therefore, the best indexed sense is 2.
I will return {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: trend
Target surface form: trend
Context:
While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent <t>trend</t> was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=trend%1:15:02:: | definition=a general direction in which something tends to move | synonyms=tendency | examples=the shoreward tendency of the current; the trend of the stock market
2. sense_key=trend%1:15:01:: | definition=general line of orientation | synonyms=course | examples=the river takes a southern course; the northeastern trend of the coast
3. sense_key=trend%1:09:00:: | definition=a general tendency to change (as of opinion) | synonyms=drift, movement | examples=not openly liberal but that is the trend of the book; a broad movement of the electorate to the right
4. sense_key=trend%1:09:02:: | definition=the popular taste at a given time | synonyms=vogue, style | examples=leather is the latest vogue; he followed current trends

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "trend".
Context: "The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982."
The context talks about a recent pattern or tendency in the political landscape (first-term members becoming immune to defeat, except for this one exception).
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. a general direction in which something tends to move (tendency) - e.g., trend of the stock market.
2. general line of orientation (course) - e.g., river takes a southern course.
3. a general tendency to change (as of opinion) (drift, movement) - e.g., broad movement of the electorate to the right.
4. the popular taste at a given time (vogue, style) - e.g., leather is the latest vogue.

Wait, the context says "recent trend" referring to the pattern that first-term members have become virtually immune to defeat. This is a general direction in which something tends to move, or a general tendency to change.
Let's re-read sense 1: "a general direction in which something tends to move" (tendency). Example: "the trend of the stock market".
Sense 3: "a general tendency to change (as of opinion)" (drift, movement). Example: "a broad movement of the electorate to the right".
Is it sense 1 or sense 3?
"First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century... Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans..."
The "trend" here is the pattern of first-term members becoming immune to defeat. This is a general direction in which something tends to move (the security in office of first-term members).
Wait, "trend" as a general direction in which something tends to move (sense 1) vs "a general tendency to change (as of opinion)" (sense 3).
The change is in the security of office, not necessarily opinion.
Let's check the examples for sense 1: "the trend of the stock market".
Sense 3: "a broad movement of the electorate to the right".
The context is about a pattern or tendency in political outcomes (defeat of freshmen).
Actually, "trend" in "recent trend" usually maps to sense 1: a general direction in which something tends to move.
Let's consider "trend" in WordNet.
Sense 1: trend%1:15:02:: (a general direction in which something tends to move)
Sense 3: trend%1:09:00:: (a general tendency to change (as of opinion))
Is the trend a change in opinion? No, it's a change in the pattern of electoral defeat.
Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit.

Let's double check.
"recent trend" -> a general direction in which something tends to move.
Synonyms: tendency.
Yes, "pattern" is mentioned earlier: "taken the peculiar pattern that it has".
So "trend" = pattern/direction. Sense 1.
Let's review the options.
1. sense_key=trend%1:15:02:: | definition=a general direction in which something tends to move | synonyms=tendency | examples=the shoreward tendency of the current; the trend of the stock market
3. sense_key=trend%1:09:00:: | definition=a general tendency to change (as of opinion) | synonyms=drift, movement | examples=not openly liberal but that is the trend of the book; a broad movement of the electorate to the right

The context is about a pattern of electoral outcomes (first-term members becoming immune to defeat). This is a general direction in which something tends to move (the trend of electoral outcomes). It is not a change of opinion.
So sense 1 is the most appropriate.
I will output {"sense_index": 1}.
Wait, let's look at the wording: "The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans..."
The trend is that first-term members have become virtually immune to defeat. This is a general direction in which something tends to move (towards immunity to defeat).
Sense 1 fits perfectly.
I'll go with 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: defeat
Target surface form: defeat
Context:
While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the <t>defeat</t> of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=defeat%1:11:00:: | definition=an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest | synonyms=licking | examples=it was a narrow defeat; the army's only defeat
2. sense_key=defeat%1:12:00:: | definition=the feeling that accompanies an experience of being thwarted in attaining your goals | synonyms=frustration

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "defeat".
Context: "The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982."
This refers to an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest (an election).
Sense 1: an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest (synonyms: licking; examples: it was a narrow defeat; the army's only defeat).
Sense 2: the feeling that accompanies an experience of being thwarted in attaining your goals (synonyms: frustration).

The context clearly refers to losing an election, which is an unsuccessful ending to a contest.
Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit.
I will return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: freshman
Target surface form: freshman
Context:
While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 <t>freshman</t> Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=freshman%1:18:00:: | definition=a first-year undergraduate | synonyms=fresher
2. sense_key=freshman%1:18:01:: | definition=any new participant in some activity | synonyms=newcomer, fledgling, fledgeling, starter, neophyte, newbie

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "freshman".
Context: "The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role..."
The context is talking about first-term members of the House of Representatives, i.e., new participants in the activity of being a legislator.
Sense 1: a first-year undergraduate.
Sense 2: any new participant in some activity.
The context is about politicians, not undergraduates. So sense 2 is the best fit.
Let's double check. "freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980" -> new participants in the activity of being a representative.
Sense 2 is "any new participant in some activity".
Therefore, sense_index is 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: republican
Target surface form: Republicans
Context:
While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman <t>Republicans</t> brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=republican%1:18:01:: | definition=a member of the Republican Party
2. sense_key=republican%1:18:00:: | definition=an advocate of a republic (usually in opposition to a monarchy)
3. sense_key=republican%1:17:00:: | definition=a tributary of the Kansas River that flows from eastern Colorado eastward through Nebraska and Kansas | synonyms=Republican River

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "Republicans" in the context of "freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution".
The context clearly refers to members of the Republican Party.
Sense 1: a member of the Republican Party.
Sense 2: an advocate of a republic.
Sense 3: a tributary of the Kansas River.

The best sense is 1.
I will return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bring
Target surface form: brought
Context:
While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans <t>brought</t> into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bring%2:38:00:: | definition=take something or somebody with oneself somewhere | synonyms=convey, take | examples=Bring me the box from the other room; Take these letters to the boss
2. sense_key=bring%2:35:04:: | definition=cause to come into a particular state or condition | examples=Long hard years of on the job training had brought them to their competence; bring water to the boiling point
3. sense_key=bring%2:36:00:: | definition=cause to happen or to occur as a consequence | synonyms=work, play, wreak, make for | examples=I cannot work a miracle; wreak havoc
4. sense_key=bring%2:35:00:: | definition=go or come after and bring or take back | synonyms=get, convey, fetch | examples=Get me those books over there, please; Could you bring the wine?
5. sense_key=bring%2:30:00:: | definition=bring into a different state | synonyms=land | examples=this may land you in jail
6. sense_key=bring%2:35:02:: | definition=be accompanied by | examples=Can I bring my cousin to the dinner?
7. sense_key=bring%2:36:01:: | definition=advance or set forth in court; , | synonyms=institute | examples=bring charges; institute proceedings
8. sense_key=bring%2:40:02:: | definition=bestow a quality on | synonyms=lend, impart, bestow, contribute, add | examples=Her presence lends a certain cachet to the company; The music added a lot to the play
9. sense_key=bring%2:40:00:: | definition=be sold for a certain price | synonyms=fetch, bring in | examples=The painting brought $10,000; The old print fetched a high price at the auction
10. sense_key=bring%2:37:05:: | definition=attract the attention of | examples=The noise and the screaming brought the curious
11. sense_key=bring%2:32:03:: | definition=induce or persuade | examples=The confession of one of the accused brought the others to admit to the crime as well

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "brought" (lemma: bring).
Context: "The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982."
The phrase is "brought into office".
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. take something or somebody with oneself somewhere
2. cause to come into a particular state or condition (e.g., bring water to the boiling point, brought them to their competence)
3. cause to happen or to occur as a consequence
4. go or come after and bring or take back
5. bring into a different state
6. be accompanied by
7. advance or set forth in court
8. bestow a quality on
9. be sold for a certain price
10. attract the attention of
11. induce or persuade

Wait, "brought into office" means caused to come into a particular state or condition (into office).
Let's check sense 2: "cause to come into a particular state or condition" -> "brought into office" fits perfectly.
Let's check sense 5: "bring into a different state" -> "this may land you in jail". But "brought into office" is more about causing to come into a particular state or condition.
Wait, let's look at sense 2: "cause to come into a particular state or condition". Examples: "Long hard years of on the job training had brought them to their competence; bring water to the boiling point".
Is there a better sense?
What about "bring into office"?
"brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution" -> The Reagan revolution caused them to come into office (a particular state or condition).
Sense 2: cause to come into a particular state or condition.
Let's consider sense 2.
"brought into office" -> brought (cause to come into a particular state or condition).
Let's double check if there's any other sense.
Sense 2: bring%2:35:04::
Definition: cause to come into a particular state or condition.
Yes, "brought into office" means caused to come into the state of being in office.

Let's review the options.
1. take something or somebody with oneself somewhere
2. cause to come into a particular state or condition
3. cause to happen or to occur as a consequence
4. go or come after and bring or take back
5. bring into a different state
6. be accompanied by
7. advance or set forth in court
8. bestow a quality on
9. be sold for a certain price
10. attract the attention of
11. induce or persuade

"brought into office" -> caused to come into a particular state or condition.
I will choose 2.
Wait, let's see if 2 is the best. "brought into office" is a common collocation. "bring someone into office" = cause them to come into office.
Yes, sense 2.
Let's confirm.
"brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution"
The Reagan revolution brought them into office.
Sense 2: cause to come into a particular state or condition.
I am confident in 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: office
Target surface form: office
Context:
While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into <t>office</t> in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=office%1:06:00:: | definition=place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed | synonyms=business office | examples=he rented an office in the new building
2. sense_key=office%1:14:01:: | definition=an administrative unit of government | synonyms=agency, federal agency, government agency, bureau, authority | examples=the Central Intelligence Agency; the Census Bureau
3. sense_key=office%1:04:01:: | definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=function, part, role | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part
4. sense_key=office%1:26:00:: | definition=(of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power | synonyms=power | examples=being in office already gives a candidate a great advantage; during his first year in office
5. sense_key=office%1:14:00:: | definition=professional or clerical workers in an office | synonyms=office staff | examples=the whole office was late the morning of the blizzard
6. sense_key=office%1:04:00:: | definition=a religious rite or service prescribed by ecclesiastical authorities | examples=the offices of the mass
7. sense_key=office%1:04:02:: | definition=a job in an organization | synonyms=position, post, berth, spot, billet, place | examples=he occupied a post in the treasury

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "office" in the context: "The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982."
The phrase is "brought into office".
This refers to holding a position of power or authority in government.
Let's check the candidate senses:
1. place of business
2. administrative unit of government
3. actions and activities assigned
4. (of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power | synonyms=power | examples=being in office already gives a candidate a great advantage; during his first year in office
5. professional or clerical workers
6. religious rite
7. a job in an organization

Sense 4 matches "brought into office" perfectly, as it refers to holding an office, being in power.
The example for sense 4 is "being in office already gives a candidate a great advantage; during his first year in office".
This matches the context "brought into office in 1980".

Therefore, sense 4 is the best fit.
Double check:
"brought into office" -> holding an office means being in power.
Yes, sense 4.
JSON output: {"sense_index": 4}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: revolution
Target surface form: revolution
Context:
While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan <t>revolution</t> and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=revolution%1:11:01:: | definition=a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving | examples=the industrial revolution was also a cultural revolution
2. sense_key=revolution%1:04:00:: | definition=the overthrow of a government by those who are governed
3. sense_key=revolution%1:11:00:: | definition=a single complete turn (axial or orbital) | synonyms=rotation, gyration | examples=the plane made three rotations before it crashed; the revolution of the earth about the sun takes one year

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "revolution" in the context of "the Reagan revolution".
The context talks about a political shift, a drastic change in ways of thinking and behaving, or a political movement that brought about significant change.
Sense 1: a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving. Example: the industrial revolution was also a cultural revolution.
Sense 2: the overthrow of a government by those who are governed.
Sense 3: a single complete turn.

The "Reagan revolution" refers to a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving (political ideology, policies, etc.), not an overthrow of a government by those who are governed, nor a physical rotation.
Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.
Let's double check.
"Reagan revolution" is a well-known phrase referring to the conservative political movement and the drastic changes in policy and thinking during Reagan's presidency.
Sense 1 matches "a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving".
Sense 2 is specifically "overthrow of a government".
Sense 3 is physical rotation.

So, sense_index = 1.
End of thought.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: run
Target surface form: running
Context:
While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and <t>running</t> for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=run%2:38:00:: | definition=move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time | examples=Don't run--you'll be out of breath; The children ran to the store
2. sense_key=run%2:38:04:: | definition=flee; take to one's heels; cut and run | synonyms=scat, scarper, turn tail, lam, run away, hightail it | examples=If you see this man, run!; The burglars escaped before the police showed up
3. sense_key=run%2:42:00:: | definition=stretch out over a distance, space, time, or scope; run or extend between two points or beyond a certain point | synonyms=go, pass, lead, extend | examples=Service runs all the way to Cranbury; His knowledge doesn't go very far
4. sense_key=run%2:41:02:: | definition=direct or control; projects, businesses, etc. | synonyms=operate | examples=She is running a relief operation in the Sudan
5. sense_key=run%2:42:04:: | definition=have a particular form | synonyms=go | examples=the story or argument runs as follows; as the saying goes...
6. sense_key=run%2:38:01:: | definition=move along, of liquids | synonyms=flow, feed, course | examples=Water flowed into the cave; the Missouri feeds into the Mississippi
7. sense_key=run%2:35:00:: | definition=perform as expected when applied | synonyms=function, work, operate, go | examples=The washing machine won't go unless it's plugged in; Does this old car still run well?
8. sense_key=run%2:42:07:: | definition=change or be different within limits | synonyms=range | examples=Estimates for the losses in the earthquake range as high as $2 billion; Interest rates run from 5 to 10 percent
9. sense_key=run%2:33:06:: | definition=run, stand, or compete for an office or a position | synonyms=campaign | examples=Who's running for treasurer this year?
10. sense_key=run%2:36:01:: | definition=cause to emit recorded audio or video | synonyms=play | examples=They ran the tapes over and over again; I'll play you my favorite record
11. sense_key=run%2:38:11:: | definition=move about freely and without restraint, or act as if running around in an uncontrolled way | examples=who are these people running around in the building?; She runs around telling everyone of her troubles
12. sense_key=run%2:42:01:: | definition=have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined | synonyms=tend, be given, lean, incline | examples=She tends to be nervous before her lectures; These dresses run small
13. sense_key=run%2:35:04:: | definition=be operating, running or functioning | examples=The car is still running--turn it off!
14. sense_key=run%2:30:03:: | definition=change from one state to another | examples=run amok; run rogue
15. sense_key=run%2:30:07:: | definition=cause to perform | examples=run a subject; run a process
16. sense_key=run%2:42:02:: | definition=be affected by; be subjected to | examples=run a temperature; run a risk
17. sense_key=run%2:42:03:: | definition=continue to exist | synonyms=prevail, persist, die hard, endure | examples=These stories die hard; The legend of Elvis endures
18. sense_key=run%2:42:06:: | definition=occur persistently | examples=Musical talent runs in the family
19. sense_key=run%2:41:00:: | definition=carry out a process or program, as on a computer or a machine | synonyms=execute | examples=Run the dishwasher; run a new program on the Mac
20. sense_key=run%2:36:02:: | definition=include as the content; broadcast or publicize | synonyms=carry | examples=We ran the ad three times; This paper carries a restaurant review
21. sense_key=run%2:36:00:: | definition=carry out | examples=run an errand
22. sense_key=run%2:35:01:: | definition=pass over, across, or through | synonyms=guide, draw, pass | examples=He ran his eyes over her body; She ran her fingers along the carved figurine
23. sense_key=run%2:42:08:: | definition=cause something to pass or lead somewhere | synonyms=lead | examples=Run the wire behind the cabinet
24. sense_key=run%2:41:01:: | definition=make without a miss
25. sense_key=run%2:40:06:: | definition=deal in illegally, such as arms or liquor | synonyms=black market
26. sense_key=run%2:38:10:: | definition=cause an animal to move fast | examples=run the dogs
27. sense_key=run%2:38:08:: | definition=be diffused | synonyms=bleed | examples=These dyes and colors are guaranteed not to run
28. sense_key=run%2:38:03:: | definition=sail before the wind
29. sense_key=run%2:38:05:: | definition=cover by running; run a certain distance | examples=She ran 10 miles that day
30. sense_key=run%2:42:05:: | definition=extend or continue for a certain period of time | synonyms=run for | examples=The film runs 5 hours
31. sense_key=run%2:41:04:: | definition=set animals loose to graze
32. sense_key=run%2:38:02:: | definition=keep company | synonyms=consort | examples=the heifers run with the bulls to produce offspring
33. sense_key=run%2:38:06:: | definition=run with the ball; in such sports as football
34. sense_key=run%2:38:13:: | definition=travel rapidly, by any (unspecified) means | examples=Run to the store!; She always runs to Italy, because she has a lover there
35. sense_key=run%2:38:09:: | definition=travel a route regularly | synonyms=ply | examples=Ships ply the waters near the coast
36. sense_key=run%2:33:02:: | definition=pursue for food or sport (as of wild animals) | synonyms=hunt, hunt down, track down | examples=Goering often hunted wild boars in Poland; The dogs are running deer
37. sense_key=run%2:33:01:: | definition=compete in a race | synonyms=race | examples=he is running the Marathon this year; let's race and see who gets there first
38. sense_key=run%2:30:02:: | definition=progress by being changed | synonyms=move, go | examples=The speech has to go through several more drafts; run through your presentation before the meeting
39. sense_key=run%2:30:00:: | definition=reduce or cause to be reduced from a solid to a liquid state, usually by heating | synonyms=melt, melt down | examples=melt butter; melt down gold
40. sense_key=run%2:30:01:: | definition=come unraveled or undone as if by snagging | synonyms=ladder | examples=Her nylons were running
41. sense_key=run%2:30:04:: | definition=become undone | synonyms=unravel | examples=the sweater unraveled

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "running" in the context: "The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982."
The phrase is "running for re-election".
This means to stand or compete for an office or a position.
Let's check the candidate senses.
Sense 9: sense_key=run%2:33:06:: | definition=run, stand, or compete for an office or a position | synonyms=campaign | examples=Who's running for treasurer this year?
This perfectly matches "running for re-election".
Therefore, the best indexed sense is 9.
I will return {"sense_index": 9}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: freshman
Target surface form: freshmen
Context:
First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these <t>freshmen</t> placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=freshman%1:18:00:: | definition=a first-year undergraduate | synonyms=fresher
2. sense_key=freshman%1:18:01:: | definition=any new participant in some activity | synonyms=newcomer, fledgling, fledgeling, starter, neophyte, newbie

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "freshmen" (lemma: freshman).
Context: "The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these <t>freshmen</t> placed far more emphasis on their partisan role..."
The context refers to newly elected members of Congress (legislators).
Sense 1: a first-year undergraduate.
Sense 2: any new participant in some activity (newcomer, fledgling, neophyte, etc.).
In this context, "freshmen" refers to new members of Congress, which fits "any new participant in some activity" (newcomer, neophyte) rather than a first-year undergraduate.
Therefore, sense 2 is the best fit.
Let's double check.
"freshman Republicans brought into office" -> new participants in the activity of being a member of Congress.
Sense 2 is the correct choice.
The output format must be exactly {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: place
Target surface form: placed
Context:
First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen <t>placed</t> far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=place%2:35:00:: | definition=put into a certain place or abstract location | synonyms=put, set, pose, position, lay | examples=Put your things here; Set the tray down
2. sense_key=place%2:41:01:: | definition=place somebody in a particular situation or location | examples=he was placed on probation
3. sense_key=place%2:31:01:: | definition=assign a rank or rating to | synonyms=rate, rank, range, order, grade | examples=how would you rank these students?; The restaurant is rated highly in the food guide
4. sense_key=place%2:40:00:: | definition=assign a location to | synonyms=locate, site | examples=The company located some of their agents in Los Angeles
5. sense_key=place%2:32:01:: | definition=to arrange for | examples=place a phone call; place a bet
6. sense_key=place%2:31:03:: | definition=take a place in a competition; often followed by an ordinal | synonyms=come in, come out | examples=Jerry came in third in the Marathon
7. sense_key=place%2:33:03:: | definition=intend (something) to move towards a certain goal | synonyms=target, aim, direct, point | examples=He aimed his fists towards his opponent's face; criticism directed at her superior
8. sense_key=place%2:31:00:: | definition=recognize as being; establish the identity of someone or something | synonyms=identify | examples=She identified the man on the 'wanted' poster
9. sense_key=place%2:41:00:: | definition=assign to (a job or a home)
10. sense_key=place%2:36:00:: | definition=locate | synonyms=set, localize, localise | examples=The film is set in Africa
11. sense_key=place%2:31:13:: | definition=estimate | synonyms=put, set | examples=We put the time of arrival at 8 P.M.
12. sense_key=place%2:42:00:: | definition=identify the location or place of | synonyms=localize, localise | examples=We localized the source of the infection
13. sense_key=place%2:40:03:: | definition=make an investment | synonyms=invest, put, commit | examples=Put money into bonds
14. sense_key=place%2:33:00:: | definition=assign to a station | synonyms=station, post, send
15. sense_key=place%2:33:02:: | definition=finish second or better in a horse or dog race | examples=he bet $2 on number six to place
16. sense_key=place%2:32:00:: | definition=sing a note with the correct pitch

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "placed" in the context: "Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat."
The phrase is "placed far more emphasis on".
Let's look at the candidate senses.
1. put into a certain place or abstract location (put, set, pose, position, lay) - "placed emphasis" fits "put into an abstract location" or "put emphasis".
Wait, let's check the examples: "Put your things here; Set the tray down".
Is there a better sense?
Let's see: "place emphasis" is a common collocation.
Sense 1: put into a certain place or abstract location. Synonyms: put, set, pose, position, lay.
Sense 3: assign a rank or rating to.
Sense 4: assign a location to.
Sense 5: to arrange for (place a phone call).
Sense 7: intend (something) to move towards a certain goal (target, aim, direct, point).
Sense 11: estimate (put, set).
Sense 13: make an investment (invest, put, commit).

Wait, "place emphasis" means to put emphasis.
Let's check WordNet for "place" with "emphasis".
"place" as in "put into a certain place or abstract location".
Synonyms: put, set, pose, position, lay.
Example: Put your things here.
Is there a specific sense for "place emphasis"?
In WordNet, "place" (verb) has:
- put into a certain place or abstract location: "Put your things here", "Set the tray down", "Place the emphasis on..." (Wait, is "place emphasis" under sense 1?)
Let's check the synonyms for sense 1: put, set, pose, position, lay.
"place emphasis" -> put emphasis.
Let's consider sense 1.
"Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role..."
"placed" = put.
Sense 1: put into a certain place or abstract location.
Let's check if there's any other sense.
Sense 7: intend (something) to move towards a certain goal (target, aim, direct, point). "directed far more emphasis"? No, "placed emphasis" is "put emphasis".
Sense 1: put into a certain place or abstract location.
Let's verify.
"place" (verb)
1. put into a certain place or abstract location: "Put your things here", "Set the tray down", "Place the emphasis on..." (I recall "place emphasis" might be an example or just fits "put").
Actually, "place" meaning "put" is sense 1.
Let's review the options.
1. sense_key=place%2:35:00:: | definition=put into a certain place or abstract location | synonyms=put, set, pose, position, lay | examples=Put your things here; Set the tray down
This perfectly matches "placed emphasis" (put emphasis).

Let's double check if there's any other "place" sense that fits "place emphasis".
No, "place emphasis" is a standard idiom meaning "put emphasis".
Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit.
Another option: "place" as in "assign a location to" (4) - no.
"place" as in "intend to move towards a certain goal" (7) - no.
"place" as in "estimate" (11) - no.
So sense 1 is the correct one.
Context: "Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role..."
"placed" = put.
Sense 1.
I will output {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: emphasis
Target surface form: emphasis
Context:
First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more <t>emphasis</t> on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=emphasis%1:26:00:: | definition=special importance or significance | synonyms=accent | examples=the red light gave the central figure increased emphasis; the room was decorated in shades of grey with distinctive red accents
2. sense_key=emphasis%1:07:00:: | definition=intensity or forcefulness of expression | synonyms=vehemence | examples=the vehemence of his denial; his emphasis on civil rights
3. sense_key=emphasis%1:10:01:: | definition=special and significant stress by means of position or repetition e.g.
4. sense_key=emphasis%1:10:00:: | definition=the relative prominence of a syllable or musical note (especially with regard to stress or pitch) | synonyms=stress, accent | examples=he put the stress on the wrong syllable

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "emphasis".
Context: "Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat."
The freshmen placed far more emphasis (special importance or significance, or intensity/forcefulness of expression, or special and significant stress by means of position or repetition).
Wait, "placed far more emphasis on their partisan role" means they gave special importance or significance to it.
Let's check the senses:
1. special importance or significance (synonyms: accent)
2. intensity or forcefulness of expression (synonyms: vehemence)
3. special and significant stress by means of position or repetition e.g.
4. the relative prominence of a syllable or musical note (especially with regard to stress or pitch)

"placed far more emphasis on" -> giving special importance or significance to something.
Sense 1: special importance or significance.
Let's see: "his emphasis on civil rights" is in sense 2. Wait, "his emphasis on civil rights" is sense 2?
Let's check sense 2: "intensity or forcefulness of expression" -> "his emphasis on civil rights".
Wait, sense 1: "special importance or significance" -> "the red light gave the central figure increased emphasis; the room was decorated in shades of grey with distinctive red accents".
Is "placed far more emphasis on their partisan role" closer to sense 1 or sense 2?
"placed emphasis on" usually means giving special importance or significance to something.
Let's look at sense 1: "special importance or significance".
Let's look at sense 2: "intensity or forcefulness of expression". "his emphasis on civil rights" is an example of sense 2.
Wait, "placed far more emphasis on" -> they gave it more importance.
Let's search for "emphasis" in WordNet.
Sense 1: special importance or significance.
Sense 2: intensity or forcefulness of expression.
If "his emphasis on civil rights" is sense 2, maybe "placed far more emphasis on" is sense 1?
Wait, if I say "I place emphasis on X", I am giving X special importance or significance.
Let's check the examples for sense 1: "the red light gave the central figure increased emphasis"
Let's check sense 2: "the vehemence of his denial; his emphasis on civil rights"
Is "placed far more emphasis on their partisan role" giving it special importance? Yes.
Does it mean intensity or forcefulness of expression? No, it means they prioritized it, gave it more importance.
Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit.

Let's double check.
"placed far more emphasis on their partisan role"
Synonyms for sense 1: accent.
Synonyms for sense 2: vehemence.
"placed far more accent on" -> "placed far more importance on".
Sense 1 is "special importance or significance".
I will choose sense 1.
Wait, let's re-read sense 1: "special importance or significance".
Yes, "placed far more emphasis on" = "gave special importance to".
I'll go with 1.
Let's consider sense 1 vs sense 2.
"his emphasis on civil rights" is sense 2. Why? Because it might be about the forcefulness of his expression regarding civil rights.
But "placed far more emphasis on their partisan role" means they focused more on it, gave it more importance.
So sense 1 is correct.
I'll output 1.