[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: opinion
Target surface form: opinion
Context:
Here is an example. If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good <t>opinion</t> of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=opinion%1:09:00:: | definition=a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty | synonyms=sentiment, persuasion, view, thought | examples=my opinion differs from yours; I am not of your persuasion
2. sense_key=opinion%1:10:01:: | definition=a message expressing a belief about something; the expression of a belief that is held with confidence but not substantiated by positive knowledge or proof | synonyms=view | examples=his opinions appeared frequently on the editorial page
3. sense_key=opinion%1:09:01:: | definition=a belief or sentiment shared by most people; the voice of the people | synonyms=public opinion, popular opinion, vox populi | examples=he asked for a poll of public opinion
4. sense_key=opinion%1:10:00:: | definition=the legal document stating the reasons for a judicial decision | synonyms=legal opinion, judgment, judgement | examples=opinions are usually written by a single judge
5. sense_key=opinion%1:04:01:: | definition=the reason for a court's judgment (as opposed to the decision itself) | synonyms=ruling
6. sense_key=opinion%1:09:02:: | definition=a vague idea in which some confidence is placed | synonyms=impression, feeling, belief, notion | examples=his impression of her was favorable; what are your feelings about the crisis?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "opinion" in the context: "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves."
The phrase is "good opinion of themselves".
This means a personal belief or judgment about themselves, specifically a high regard or belief in their own worth.
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=opinion%1:09:00:: | definition=a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty | synonyms=sentiment, persuasion, view, thought | examples=my opinion differs from yours; I am not of your persuasion
2. sense_key=opinion%1:10:01:: | definition=a message expressing a belief about something; the expression of a belief that is held with confidence but not substantiated by positive knowledge or proof | synonyms=view | examples=his opinions appeared frequently on the editorial page
3. sense_key=opinion%1:09:01:: | definition=a belief or sentiment shared by most people; the voice of the people | synonyms=public opinion, popular opinion, vox populi | examples=he asked for a poll of public opinion
4. sense_key=opinion%1:10:00:: | definition=the legal document stating the reasons for a judicial decision | synonyms=legal opinion, judgment, judgement | examples=opinions are usually written by a single judge
5. sense_key=opinion%1:04:01:: | definition=the reason for a court's judgment (as opposed to the decision itself) | synonyms=ruling
6. sense_key=opinion%1:09:02:: | definition=a vague idea in which some confidence is placed | synonyms=impression, feeling, belief, notion | examples=his impression of her was favorable; what are your feelings about the crisis?

"good opinion of themselves" refers to a personal belief or judgment about themselves.
Sense 1: "a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty". This fits "good opinion of themselves" (a personal belief/judgment).
Wait, "opinion of themselves" is a personal belief or judgment.
Let's check sense 1 vs sense 6.
Sense 1: personal belief or judgment.
Sense 6: a vague idea in which some confidence is placed.
"good opinion of themselves" is a personal belief or judgment.
Is there a better fit?
"opinion" in "good opinion of themselves" means a personal belief or judgment.
Let's consider "opinion" as a personal belief or judgment.
Sense 1: "a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty"
Synonyms: sentiment, persuasion, view, thought.
"good opinion of themselves" -> they have a high view/thought of themselves.
I will choose sense 1.
Wait, let's re-read the context: "whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves."
This is a personal belief or judgment.
Sense 1 is the most appropriate.
Let's double check.
"opinion" -> sense 1.
Yes.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: whole
Target surface form: whole
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The <t>whole</t> notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=whole%3:00:00:: | definition=including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete | examples=gave his whole attention; a whole wardrobe for the tropics
2. sense_key=whole%3:00:02:: | definition=(of siblings) having the same parents | examples=whole brothers and sisters
3. sense_key=whole%5:00:00:uninjured:00 | definition=not injured | synonyms=unharmed, unhurt, unscathed
4. sense_key=whole%5:00:00:healthy:00 | definition=exhibiting or restored to vigorous good health | synonyms=hale | examples=hale and hearty; whole in mind and body
5. sense_key=whole%5:00:00:undiversified:00 | definition=acting together as a single undiversified whole | synonyms=solid, unanimous | examples=a solid voting bloc

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The target word is "whole" in the context: "The whole notion of "creativity" in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction..."
The word "whole" modifies "notion".
It means the entire, complete notion.
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=whole%3:00:00:: | definition=including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete | examples=gave his whole attention; a whole wardrobe for the tropics
2. sense_key=whole%3:00:02:: | definition=(of siblings) having the same parents
3. sense_key=whole%5:00:00:uninjured:00 | definition=not injured
4. sense_key=whole%5:00:00:healthy:00 | definition=exhibiting or restored to vigorous good health
5. sense_key=whole%5:00:00:undiversified:00 | definition=acting together as a single undiversified whole

Sense 1 fits perfectly: "including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete". "The whole notion" means the complete notion.

Let's double check.
"whole notion" -> complete notion.
Sense 1 is the best fit.
Sense 5 is "acting together as a single undiversified whole" (e.g., solid voting bloc).
Sense 1 is "including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete".

Therefore, sense 1.
End of thought.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Alibaba

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: notion
Target surface form: notion
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole <t>notion</t> of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=notion%1:09:02:: | definition=a vague idea in which some confidence is placed | synonyms=impression, feeling, belief, opinion | examples=his impression of her was favorable; what are your feelings about the crisis?
2. sense_key=notion%1:09:00:: | definition=a general inclusive concept
3. sense_key=notion%1:09:01:: | definition=an odd or fanciful or capricious idea | synonyms=whim, whimsy, whimsey | examples=the theatrical notion of disguise is associated with disaster in his stories; he had a whimsy about flying to the moon
4. sense_key=notion%1:06:00:: | definition=(usually plural) small personal articles or clothing or sewing items | examples=buttons and needles are notions

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "notion" in the context: "The whole notion of 'creativity' in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction..."
The context refers to a general inclusive concept or idea of "creativity" in education.
Let's evaluate the candidate senses:
1. a vague idea in which some confidence is placed (impression, feeling, belief, opinion)
2. a general inclusive concept
3. an odd or fanciful or capricious idea (whim, whimsy)
4. small personal articles or clothing or sewing items

In the context, "The whole notion of 'creativity' in education" refers to the general concept or idea of creativity.
Sense 2: "a general inclusive concept" fits perfectly. "The whole concept of 'creativity' in education..."
Let's double check.
Is it a vague idea? The text says "what do we mean, specifically, by 'creativity'? No one can say." But "The whole notion of 'creativity' in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion..." Here, "notion" means the general concept or idea.
Wait, let's look at sense 2: "a general inclusive concept".
Is there any other sense?
Sense 1: "a vague idea in which some confidence is placed"
Sense 2: "a general inclusive concept"
The phrase "The whole notion of X" usually means "The whole concept of X".
Therefore, sense 2 is the best fit.
Let's review the examples for sense 2 if any, but there are none provided. However, "notion" as a general inclusive concept is a standard WordNet sense (notion%1:09:00::).
Let's consider "The whole notion of 'creativity' in education". This is a general concept.
I will choose sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: education
Target surface form: education
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in <t>education</t> was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=education%1:04:00:: | definition=the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill | synonyms=instruction, teaching, pedagogy, didactics, educational activity | examples=he received no formal education; our instruction was carefully programmed
2. sense_key=education%1:09:00:: | definition=knowledge acquired by learning and instruction | examples=it was clear that he had a very broad education
3. sense_key=education%1:09:01:: | definition=the gradual process of acquiring knowledge | examples=education is a preparation for life; a girl's education was less important than a boy's
4. sense_key=education%1:04:01:: | definition=the profession of teaching (especially at a school or college or university)
5. sense_key=education%1:07:01:: | definition=the result of good upbringing (especially knowledge of correct social behavior) | synonyms=training, breeding | examples=a woman of breeding and refinement
6. sense_key=education%1:14:00:: | definition=the United States federal department that administers all federal programs dealing with education (including federal aid to educational institutions and students); created 1979 | synonyms=Department of Education, Education Department

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "education" in the context: "The whole notion of "creativity "in <t>education</t> was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children."

The context talks about "creativity in education" and contrasts it with "disciplined instruction".
Sense 1: the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill. Synonyms: instruction, teaching, pedagogy, didactics, educational activity.
Sense 2: knowledge acquired by learning and instruction.
Sense 3: the gradual process of acquiring knowledge.
Sense 4: the profession of teaching.
Sense 5: the result of good upbringing.
Sense 6: the United States federal department.

"creativity in education" refers to the activities of educating or instructing, the system or practice of teaching.
"disciplined instruction" is a synonym for the activities of educating.
Sense 1 fits best: "the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill".

Let's check Sense 1: "the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill"
Context: "The whole notion of "creativity" in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction..."
Here, "education" is parallel to "instruction".
Sense 1 is the best fit.
Sense 1 index is 1.
Let's double check.
"education" as the activities of educating or instructing.
Yes, "creativity in education" means creativity in the activities of educating or instructing.
Sense 1.
End of thought.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: romantic
Target surface form: romantic
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a <t>romantic</t> rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=romantic%3:01:00:: | definition=belonging to or characteristic of Romanticism or the Romantic Movement in the arts | synonyms=romanticist, romanticistic | examples=romantic poetry
2. sense_key=romantic%5:00:01:loving:00 | definition=expressive of or exciting sexual love or romance | synonyms=amatory, amorous | examples=her amatory affairs; amorous glances
3. sense_key=romantic%5:00:00:impractical:00 | definition=not sensible about practical matters; idealistic and unrealistic | synonyms=quixotic, wild-eyed | examples=as quixotic as a restoration of medieval knighthood; a romantic disregard for money

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "romantic" in the given context.
Target lemma: romantic
Target surface form: romantic
Context: "The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive."

Candidate senses:
1. belonging to or characteristic of Romanticism or the Romantic Movement in the arts
2. expressive of or exciting sexual love or romance
3. not sensible about practical matters; idealistic and unrealistic

In the context, "romantic rebellion" and "romantic extravagance" refer to an idealistic, unrealistic, or impractical view of creativity in education, contrasting with "disciplined instruction" and "practical matters". It's about being idealistic and unrealistic, not about the Romantic Movement in arts or sexual love.
Therefore, sense 3 is the best fit.

Let's double check.
"romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction" -> idealistic, unrealistic, impractical.
"romantic extravagance" -> impractical, idealistic.
Sense 3: not sensible about practical matters; idealistic and unrealistic.
Matches perfectly.
Sense index: 3.
Format: {"sense_index": 3}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rebellion
Target surface form: rebellion
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic <t>rebellion</t> against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rebellion%1:04:01:: | definition=refusal to accept some authority or code or convention | examples=each generation must have its own rebellion; his body was in rebellion against fatigue
2. sense_key=rebellion%1:04:00:: | definition=organized opposition to authority; a conflict in which one faction tries to wrest control from another | synonyms=insurrection, revolt, rising, uprising

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "rebellion" in the given context.
Target lemma: rebellion
Target surface form: rebellion
Context: "The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction..."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rebellion%1:04:01:: | definition=refusal to accept some authority or code or convention | examples=each generation must have its own rebellion; his body was in rebellion against fatigue
2. sense_key=rebellion%1:04:00:: | definition=organized opposition to authority; a conflict in which one faction tries to wrest control from another | synonyms=insurrection, revolt, rising, uprising

In the context, "rebellion against disciplined instruction" refers to a refusal to accept some authority or code or convention (disciplined instruction), not an organized armed conflict or insurrection.
Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit.

Let's double check.
"romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction" -> refusal to accept some authority or code or convention.
Sense 1 matches perfectly.
Sense 2 is about organized opposition, insurrection, etc.

Output format: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: disciplined
Target surface form: disciplined
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against <t>disciplined</t> instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=disciplined%5:00:00:controlled:00 | definition=obeying the rules
2. sense_key=disciplined%5:00:00:trained:00 | definition=trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise | examples=the beautiful coordination of his disciplined muscles; a disciplined mind

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "disciplined" in the context of "disciplined instruction".
The context contrasts "disciplined instruction" with "romantic rebellion" and "self-expression".
The candidate senses are:
1. disciplined%5:00:00:controlled:00 (obeying the rules)
2. disciplined%5:00:00:trained:00 (trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise)

"disciplined instruction" refers to instruction that trains the mind or body, or instruction that is strict and controlled.
Wait, "disciplined instruction" means instruction that is structured, rigorous, and trains the mind.
Let's look at the examples for sense 2: "a disciplined mind".
"disciplined instruction" -> instruction that is disciplined, i.e., trained or structured.
Wait, "disciplined" modifying "instruction". Does it mean the instruction itself is trained, or the instruction is controlled/strict?
Actually, "disciplined instruction" means instruction that imposes discipline, or instruction that is rigorous and structured.
Let's consider "disciplined" as an adjective.
Sense 1: obeying the rules. (e.g., a disciplined child)
Sense 2: trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise. (e.g., a disciplined mind, disciplined muscles)
In "disciplined instruction", the instruction is characterized by discipline, i.e., it is rigorous, structured, and trains the mind. Or perhaps it means the instruction is controlled.
Wait, "disciplined instruction" is a collocation. Does it mean instruction that is disciplined (trained)? No, instruction cannot be trained. Instruction can be "controlled" or "strict". But wait, "disciplined" in WordNet might just be applied to "instruction" as "trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise" -> wait, if it's "disciplined instruction", it might be sense 2 because it relates to "instruction or exercise".
Let's re-read sense 2: "trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise".
If the instruction itself is "disciplined", it might mean it is rigorous, systematic, or controlled.
Let's check the context: "a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as 'authoritarian,' a repression and frustration of the latent talents..."
Here, "disciplined instruction" is instruction that enforces discipline, or is strict.
Is "disciplined" here meaning "obeying the rules" or "trained"?
If a person is disciplined, they obey rules. If instruction is disciplined, it is strict, controlled, or systematic.
Wait, "disciplined" as an adjective can mean "characterized by or resulting from discipline".
In WordNet, "disciplined" has:
1. controlled: obeying the rules
2. trained: trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise
If the instruction is "disciplined", it is likely sense 2, because "disciplined instruction" is instruction that trains, or it's a "disciplined" (systematic, rigorous) approach.
Wait, let's look at the synonyms.
Sense 1: controlled, regimented.
Sense 2: trained.
"disciplined instruction" -> instruction that is systematic, rigorous, perhaps "trained" doesn't fit "instruction" perfectly, but "disciplined" in the sense of "trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise" might be the intended sense for "disciplined" when it relates to education/instruction.
Actually, if the instruction is "disciplined", it means it is strict, controlled, regimented. So sense 1?
Let's search for "disciplined instruction". It usually means instruction that is strict, orderly, and controlled.
But wait, "disciplined" modifying "instruction" could mean the instruction is characterized by discipline (i.e., strictness, control).
Let's consider "disciplined mind" (sense 2).
"disciplined instruction" -> instruction that is disciplined.
Could it be sense 1? "obeying the rules". Instruction doesn't obey rules.
Wait, "disciplined" can mean "subject to discipline" or "characterized by discipline".
If sense 2 is "trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise", then "disciplined instruction" might be a bit of a stretch for "trained", but "disciplined" as in "rigorous, systematic" is closer to "trained" or "controlled".
Let's look at the definition of sense 1: "obeying the rules".
Definition of sense 2: "trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise".
If the word is "disciplined", and it modifies "instruction", it might be sense 2 because it's related to "instruction". "trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise". The word "instruction" is literally in the definition of sense 2!
"trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise"
Ah! "disciplined instruction" -> instruction that is disciplined. Wait, if the definition says "by instruction", then "disciplined" means "trained by instruction". But here it's "disciplined instruction". This might be a slight mismatch, or it might be that "disciplined" here means "characterized by discipline" which aligns with "trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise" in a broader sense, or maybe sense 1 "obeying the rules" (i.e., strict, regimented).
Let's think if "disciplined" can mean "strict, regimented". Yes, "a disciplined approach".
Is "disciplined" in "disciplined instruction" sense 1 or 2?
If I say "disciplined instruction", I mean instruction that is strict, orderly, and controlled.
"obeying the rules" -> a disciplined student.
"trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise" -> a disciplined mind, disciplined muscles.
Can "instruction" be "trained"? No. But "disciplined" can mean "characterized by discipline".
Wait, WordNet's adjective senses for "disciplined":
1. disciplined (vs. undisciplined) - obeying the rules
2. disciplined (vs. undisciplined) - trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise
If the context is "disciplined instruction", it's contrasting with "romantic rebellion" and "self-expression". The instruction is strict, controlled, regimented. This aligns with "obeying the rules" or "controlled".
Wait, "disciplined instruction" means instruction that imposes discipline, or instruction that is itself disciplined (orderly, controlled).
Let's consider "disciplined" as "controlled". "controlled instruction"? No, "disciplined" here means "strict, rigorous".
Let's look at the examples for sense 2: "the beautiful coordination of his disciplined muscles; a disciplined mind".
If the context is "disciplined instruction", it's about education. Education is about training the mind. So "disciplined instruction" might be instruction that trains the mind, hence sense 2.
Wait, "disciplined instruction" is a noun phrase. The head is "instruction". The modifier is "disciplined".
Does "disciplined" mean "trained" here? "trained instruction"? No.
Does "disciplined" mean "controlled"? "controlled instruction"? Yes, instruction that is controlled, strict, regimented.
Let's search my internal knowledge for "disciplined instruction". It often means instruction that is strict, orderly, and follows rules.
But wait, if the definition of sense 2 is "trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise", the word "instruction" is in the definition. This might be a distractor, or it might be the exact sense because "disciplined" relates to the process of instruction.
Actually, if the instruction is "disciplined", it means it is characterized by discipline. Discipline in education means training the mind to obey rules or to be orderly.
Let's consider the phrase "disciplined instruction". It means instruction that is strict and orderly.
Is "strict and orderly" closer to "obeying the rules" (sense 1) or "trained" (sense 2)?
"obeying the rules" applies to the person being disciplined.
"trained" applies to the person or thing being trained.
Can "instruction" be trained? No.
But maybe "disciplined" here is sense 1: "obeying the rules" ->引申为 "strict, regimented, controlled".
Let's check the synonyms for sense 1: controlled, regimented.
Synonyms for sense 2: trained.
"disciplined instruction" -> regimented instruction, controlled instruction. This fits sense 1 better than "trained instruction".
Wait, let's look at the context: "a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as 'authoritarian,' a repression and frustration of the latent talents..."
"Authoritarian", "repression", "frustration". This implies the instruction is strict, controlling, enforcing rules.
So "disciplined" here means "controlled" or "regimented", which matches sense 1: "obeying the rules" (or enforcing them, but the sense is "controlled").
Let's re-read sense 1: "obeying the rules".
If a person is disciplined, they obey the rules.
If instruction is disciplined, it is characterized by strict obedience to rules, i.e., regimented.
Let's consider sense 2: "trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise".
If the instruction is "disciplined", it might mean it is the kind of instruction that trains. But "disciplined" as an adjective usually describes the result of discipline (trained) or the nature of it (strict).
In WordNet, "disciplined" (adj) has:
1. disciplined (vs. undisciplined) - obeying the rules
2. disciplined (vs. undisciplined) - trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise
If I have to choose between "obeying the rules" and "trained", for "disciplined instruction", I'd lean towards sense 1 because "disciplined instruction" is instruction that is strict, regimented, and controlled (enforcing rules), whereas "trained instruction" makes no sense. The instruction itself isn't trained; it is the agent of training, but as an adjective, "disciplined" here describes the instruction as being strict and rule-bound.
Wait, let's think if "disciplined" can mean "systematic, rigorous". Yes.
Is "systematic, rigorous" closer to "trained" or "controlled"?
"Controlled" is a synonym for sense 1. "Regimented" is a synonym for sense 1.
"Disciplined instruction" = regimented instruction. This fits perfectly with "authoritarian", "repression".
Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit.

Let's double check.
"disciplined instruction"
If I say "a disciplined approach", it means a controlled, systematic approach.
Sense 1: controlled, regimented.
Sense 2: trained.
"disciplined instruction" -> controlled instruction.
Yes, sense 1.

Let's review the definition of sense 1: "obeying the rules".
Wait, if the definition is "obeying the rules", does "disciplined instruction" mean "instruction that obeys the rules"? No, it means instruction that is characterized by discipline (i.e., strictness, control).
But WordNet's glosses are schematic. "obeying the rules" is the gloss for the sense that also includes "controlled, regimented".
Let's check if there's any other sense. No, only 2 candidate senses.
Between "obeying the rules" (controlled) and "trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise", "disciplined instruction" is instruction that is controlled/regimented.
I will choose sense 1.
Wait, let's consider "disciplined mind" (sense 2). The text says "disciplined instruction".
Could "disciplined" mean "trained" in the sense that the instruction is designed to train? No, adjectives don't usually work that way (e.g., "trained instruction" is not a phrase).
"Disciplined" here means "strict, orderly, controlled".
So sense 1.
Let's confirm: "disciplined" modifying "instruction".
Synonyms for sense 1: controlled, regimented.
"Regimented instruction" makes perfect sense in the context of "authoritarian", "repression".
So sense 1 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: instruction
Target surface form: instruction
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined <t>instruction</t>, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=instruction%1:10:04:: | definition=a message describing how something is to be done | synonyms=direction | examples=he gave directions faster than she could follow them
2. sense_key=instruction%1:04:01:: | definition=the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill | synonyms=education, teaching, pedagogy, didactics, educational activity | examples=he received no formal education; our instruction was carefully programmed
3. sense_key=instruction%1:04:00:: | definition=the profession of a teacher | synonyms=teaching, pedagogy | examples=he prepared for teaching while still in college; pedagogy is recognized as an important profession
4. sense_key=instruction%1:10:02:: | definition=(computer science) a line of code written as part of a computer program | synonyms=command, statement, program line

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "instruction" in the context: "The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined <t>instruction</t>, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children."
The context is about education, teaching, imparting knowledge or skill, specifically "disciplined instruction" in schools.
Sense 1: a message describing how something is to be done (directions).
Sense 2: the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill (education, teaching, pedagogy, didactics, educational activity).
Sense 3: the profession of a teacher.
Sense 4: computer science line of code.

"disciplined instruction" refers to the activities of educating or instructing.
Therefore, sense 2 is the best fit.
Let's double check.
"disciplined instruction" -> activities that impart knowledge or skill.
Yes, sense 2.
Sense 2 index is 2.
Format: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: authoritarian
Target surface form: authoritarian
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "<t>authoritarian</t>, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=authoritarian%5:00:00:undemocratic:00 | definition=characteristic of an absolute ruler or absolute rule; having absolute sovereignty | synonyms=autocratic, dictatorial, despotic, tyrannic, tyrannical | examples=an authoritarian regime; autocratic government
2. sense_key=authoritarian%5:00:00:domineering:00 | definition=expecting unquestioning obedience | synonyms=dictatorial, overbearing | examples=the timid child of authoritarian parents; insufferably overbearing behavior toward the waiter

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "authoritarian".
Context: "The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian," a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children."
The context talks about "disciplined instruction" being regarded as "authoritarian", which is equated with "a repression and frustration of the latent talents".
Sense 1: characteristic of an absolute ruler or absolute rule; having absolute sovereignty (autocratic, dictatorial, despotic, tyrannic, tyrannical). Example: an authoritarian regime.
Sense 2: expecting unquestioning obedience (dictatorial, overbearing). Example: the timid child of authoritarian parents.

In the context of "disciplined instruction" being regarded as "authoritarian", it implies expecting unquestioning obedience or being overbearing/dictatorial in a way that represses the child.
Wait, let's look at the synonyms and definitions.
Sense 1 is about absolute rule/sovereignty (regimes, governments).
Sense 2 is about expecting unquestioning obedience (parents, behavior).
The context is about education, disciplined instruction, and how it's regarded as authoritarian, repressing children. This aligns more with expecting unquestioning obedience (Sense 2) rather than absolute sovereignty of a ruler (Sense 1).
Let's double check. "disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as 'authoritarian,' a repression and frustration of the latent talents..."
This is about the behavior of the instruction/teachers expecting unquestioning obedience.
Therefore, Sense 2 is the best fit.
Let's review the examples: "the timid child of authoritarian parents" - this is about parents/education context.
So sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: repression
Target surface form: repression
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a <t>repression</t> and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=repression%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of forcible subjugation | examples=the long repression of Christian sects
2. sense_key=repression%1:22:00:: | definition=(psychiatry) the classical defense mechanism that protects you from impulses or ideas that would cause anxiety by preventing them from becoming conscious
3. sense_key=repression%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of repressing; control by holding down | examples=his goal was the repression of insolence

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "repression" in the given context.
Target lemma: repression
Target surface form: repression
Context: "...regarded as "authoritarian, "a <t>repression</t> and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children."

Candidate senses:
1. a state of forcible subjugation (e.g., the long repression of Christian sects)
2. (psychiatry) the classical defense mechanism...
3. the act of repressing; control by holding down (e.g., his goal was the repression of insolence)

In the context, "repression" is paired with "frustration" of latent talents and potentialities. It refers to the act of holding down or controlling these talents, not a psychiatric defense mechanism, nor a state of forcible subjugation of a group (though it's related to authoritarianism, it's specifically the act of repressing/holding down talents).
Wait, "repression and frustration of the latent talents". This is the act of repressing; control by holding down.
Let's check sense 3: "the act of repressing; control by holding down".
Sense 1: "a state of forcible subjugation".
Sense 3 fits "repression and frustration of the latent talents" better, as it's an act of holding down or controlling.
Let's re-read carefully: "regarded as 'authoritarian,' a repression and frustration of the latent talents..."
Is it sense 3? Yes, "the act of repressing; control by holding down".
Let's consider sense 1: "a state of forcible subjugation". The context talks about "disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as 'authoritarian,' a repression and frustration of the latent talents". This is the act of repressing (holding down) the talents.
Sense 3 is the best fit.
Let's double check.
"repression and frustration of the latent talents" -> act of repressing, control by holding down.
Yes, sense 3.
I will return {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: frustration
Target surface form: frustration
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and <t>frustration</t> of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=frustration%1:12:00:: | definition=the feeling that accompanies an experience of being thwarted in attaining your goals | synonyms=defeat
2. sense_key=frustration%1:04:02:: | definition=an act of hindering someone's plans or efforts | synonyms=thwarting, foiling
3. sense_key=frustration%1:12:01:: | definition=a feeling of annoyance at being hindered or criticized | examples=her constant complaints were the main source of his frustration

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "frustration".
Context: "...a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children."
Here, "frustration" is used as a noun, parallel to "repression". It refers to an act of hindering or thwarting the latent talents and potentialities.
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=frustration%1:12:00:: | definition=the feeling that accompanies an experience of being thwarted in attaining your goals | synonyms=defeat (This is a feeling, but the context says "a repression and frustration of the latent talents", which is an act of hindering, not a feeling).
2. sense_key=frustration%1:04:02:: | definition=an act of hindering someone's plans or efforts | synonyms=thwarting, foiling (This matches "repression and frustration of the latent talents", an act of hindering).
3. sense_key=frustration%1:12:01:: | definition=a feeling of annoyance at being hindered or criticized | examples=her constant complaints were the main source of his frustration (This is a feeling of annoyance, not applicable here).

Therefore, sense 2 is the best fit.
Let's double check. "a repression and frustration of the latent talents" -> an act of hindering.
Yes, sense 2.
Format: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: latent
Target surface form: latent
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the <t>latent</t> talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=latent%5:00:00:potential:00 | definition=potentially existing but not presently evident or realized | examples=a latent fingerprint; latent talent
2. sense_key=latent%5:00:00:inactive:02 | definition=(pathology) not presently active | examples=latent infection; latent diabetes

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "latent" in the given context.
Target lemma: latent
Target surface form: latent
Context: "...a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=latent%5:00:00:potential:00 | definition=potentially existing but not presently evident or realized | examples=a latent fingerprint; latent talent
2. sense_key=latent%5:00:00:inactive:02 | definition=(pathology) not presently active | examples=latent infection; latent diabetes

In the context, "latent talents" is explicitly mentioned. The definition of sense 1 includes "latent talent" as an example and defines it as "potentially existing but not presently evident or realized". This perfectly matches the context of "latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children."

Therefore, sense 1 is the best match.

Output format: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: talent
Target surface form: talents
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent <t>talents</t> and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=talent%1:09:00:: | definition=natural abilities or qualities | synonyms=endowment, gift, natural endowment
2. sense_key=talent%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who possesses unusual innate ability in some field or activity

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "talents" in the context: "...a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children."
The context refers to "latent talents" and "potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children."
This refers to natural abilities or qualities, not a person who possesses unusual innate ability.
Sense 1: natural abilities or qualities (endowment, gift, natural endowment).
Sense 2: a person who possesses unusual innate ability in some field or activity.
The word "talents" here is plural, referring to the abilities themselves, not the people.
Therefore, sense 1 is the correct choice.
The output format must be exactly {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: yet
Target surface form: yet
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as <t>yet</t> undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=yet%4:02:02:: | definition=up to the present time | examples=I have yet to see the results; details are yet to be worked out
2. sense_key=yet%4:02:04:: | definition=used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time | synonyms=so far, thus far, up to now, hitherto, heretofore, as yet | examples=So far he hasn't called; the sun isn't up yet
3. sense_key=yet%4:02:03:: | definition=to a greater degree or extent; used with comparisons | synonyms=even, still | examples=looked sick and felt even worse; an even (or still) more interesting problem
4. sense_key=yet%4:02:00:: | definition=within an indefinite time or at an unspecified future time | synonyms=in time | examples=he longed for the flowers that were yet to show themselves; sooner or later you will have to face the facts
5. sense_key=yet%4:02:05:: | definition=used after a superlative | synonyms=so far | examples=this is the best so far; the largest drug bust yet
6. sense_key=yet%4:02:06:: | definition=despite anything to the contrary (usually following a concession) | synonyms=however, nevertheless, withal, still, all the same, even so | examples=although I'm a little afraid, however I'd like to try it; while we disliked each other, nevertheless we agreed

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "yet" in the context: "...a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children."
The phrase is "as yet undefined".
"as yet" means "up to the present time".
Let's check the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=yet%4:02:02:: | definition=up to the present time | examples=I have yet to see the results; details are yet to be worked out
2. sense_key=yet%4:02:04:: | definition=used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time | synonyms=so far, thus far, up to now, hitherto, heretofore, as yet | examples=So far he hasn't called; the sun isn't up yet
Wait, "as yet" is explicitly listed as a synonym in sense 2.
Let's re-read sense 2: "used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time | synonyms=so far, thus far, up to now, hitherto, heretofore, as yet"
Wait, "as yet" is a synonym for sense 2.
Is "as yet" used in a negative statement here? "if as yet undefined" -> "undefined" is a negative concept (not defined).
Let's check sense 1: "up to the present time".
Let's check sense 2: "used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time | synonyms=so far, thus far, up to now, hitherto, heretofore, as yet"
Wait, "as yet" is literally a synonym in sense 2.
Let's see: "if as yet undefined" -> "if up to now undefined".
Is "as yet" sense 2?
Let's check WordNet for "as yet".
"as yet" is a synonym of "yet" in sense 2.
Let's check sense 1: "yet" (up to the present time).
Wait, "as yet" is a synonym of sense 2.
Let's look at the phrase "as yet".
"as yet" means "up to the present time".
In WordNet, "yet" has:
- yet (adv) = up to the present time (e.g., "I have yet to see the results")
- yet (adv) = used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time (synonyms: so far, thus far, up to now, hitherto, heretofore, as yet)
Since "as yet" is explicitly listed as a synonym for sense 2, and the context is "as yet undefined" (which is a negative statement: undefined), sense 2 is the best match.
Let's double check.
"if as yet undefined" -> "if up to now undefined".
Yes, "as yet" is a synonym for sense 2.
Let's review the options.
1. up to the present time
2. used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time | synonyms=so far, thus far, up to now, hitherto, heretofore, as yet
3. to a greater degree or extent
4. within an indefinite time or at an unspecified future time
5. used after a superlative
6. despite anything to the contrary

"as yet" is a synonym for sense 2.
Therefore, sense 2 is the correct answer.
Context: "if as yet undefined" -> "if up to now undefined".
"undefined" is a negative state.
I will choose 2.
Wait, let's consider if "as yet" is just a phrase. The target is "yet".
The phrase is "as yet".
WordNet lists "as yet" as a synonym for sense 2.
So sense 2 is definitely the intended one.
Let's confirm.
"as yet" -> sense 2.
Yes.
End of reasoning.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: potentiality
Target surface form: potentialities
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, <t>potentialities</t> inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=potentiality%1:26:00:: | definition=the inherent capacity for coming into being | synonyms=potential, potency
2. sense_key=potentiality%1:09:00:: | definition=an aptitude that may be developed | synonyms=capability, capableness

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "potentialities" (lemma: potentiality).
Context: "...a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children."
Candidate senses:
1. potentiality%1:26:00:: | definition=the inherent capacity for coming into being | synonyms=potential, potency
2. potentiality%1:09:00:: | definition=an aptitude that may be developed | synonyms=capability, capableness

In the context, "potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children" refers to latent talents, aptitudes that may be developed.
Wait, "latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children."
"latent talents" -> aptitude that may be developed.
Let's check the definitions.
Sense 1: the inherent capacity for coming into being (potential, potency)
Sense 2: an aptitude that may be developed (capability, capableness)

"latent talents" and "potentialities inherent in the souls" -> aptitude that may be developed.
Wait, "inherent capacity for coming into being" vs "aptitude that may be developed".
"latent talents" is very close to "aptitude that may be developed".
Let's see: "latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children."
Is it sense 1 or sense 2?
"potentialities" in the sense of "latent talents" -> aptitude that may be developed.
Let's consider "potentiality" in WordNet.
Sense 1: the inherent capacity for coming into being. (e.g., "the potential of the new technology")
Sense 2: an aptitude that may be developed. (e.g., "he has great potential for mathematics")

"latent talents" -> aptitude.
Therefore, sense 2 is the best fit.
Let's double check.
"latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children."
"potentialities" here means capabilities or aptitudes that can be developed.
I will choose sense 2.
Wait, let's look at the synonyms: capability, capableness.
Yes, "latent talents" = aptitude.
I'll output 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: inherent
Target surface form: inherent
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities <t>inherent</t> in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=inherent%5:00:00:intrinsic:00 | definition=existing as an essential constituent or characteristic | synonyms=built-in, constitutional, inbuilt, integral | examples=the Ptolemaic system with its built-in concept of periodicity; a constitutional inability to tell the truth
2. sense_key=inherent%5:00:00:implicit:00 | definition=in the nature of something though not readily apparent | synonyms=implicit in, underlying | examples=shortcomings inherent in our approach; an underlying meaning

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "inherent".
Context: "...a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children."
Candidate senses:
1. inherent%5:00:00:intrinsic:00 | definition=existing as an essential constituent or characteristic | synonyms=built-in, constitutional, inbuilt, integral
2. inherent%5:00:00:implicit:00 | definition=in the nature of something though not readily apparent | synonyms=implicit in, underlying

In the context, "potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children" means existing as an essential constituent or characteristic of the souls of all children.
Wait, let's look at the synonyms. "intrinsic" vs "implicit".
"potentialities inherent in the souls" -> existing as an essential constituent or characteristic.
Is it "intrinsic" or "implicit"?
"inherent in" is often used with "intrinsic".
Let's check the examples: "shortcomings inherent in our approach" (implicit).
"potentialities inherent in the souls" -> existing as an essential constituent or characteristic.
"inherent" meaning "existing as an essential constituent or characteristic" (intrinsic).
Let's see: "inherent in the souls" -> intrinsic to the souls.
Sense 1: intrinsic.
Sense 2: implicit.
"potentialities inherent in the souls" -> intrinsic.
I will choose sense 1.
Wait, let's re-read the definition of sense 1: "existing as an essential constituent or characteristic".
Definition of sense 2: "in the nature of something though not readily apparent".
"latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls"
"latent" means not readily apparent, but "inherent" here means existing as an essential constituent.
Actually, "inherent" in "inherent in the souls" is usually sense 1 (intrinsic).
Let's choose 1.
Wait, "inherent in" is the phrase.
"inherent in the souls" -> intrinsic.
I'll go with 1.
Let's double check. "inherent" as in "intrinsic".
Yes.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: soul
Target surface form: souls
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the <t>souls</t> of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=soul%1:18:00:: | definition=the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life | synonyms=psyche
2. sense_key=soul%1:03:00:: | definition=a human being | synonyms=person, individual, someone, somebody, mortal | examples=there was too much for one person to do
3. sense_key=soul%1:12:00:: | definition=deep feeling or emotion | synonyms=soulfulness
4. sense_key=soul%1:04:00:: | definition=the human embodiment of something | examples=the soul of honor
5. sense_key=soul%1:10:00:: | definition=a secular form of gospel that was a major Black musical genre in the 1960s and 1970s | examples=soul was politically significant during the Civil Rights movement

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "souls" in the context: "...a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children."
The context talks about the inner being, the immaterial part of a person, the essence of the children.
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. soul%1:18:00:: | definition=the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life | synonyms=psyche
2. soul%1:03:00:: | definition=a human being | synonyms=person, individual, someone, somebody, mortal
3. soul%1:12:00:: | definition=deep feeling or emotion | synonyms=soulfulness
4. soul%1:04:00:: | definition=the human embodiment of something | examples=the soul of honor
5. soul%1:10:00:: | definition=a secular form of gospel...

The phrase "inherent in the souls of all our children" refers to the immaterial part of a person, the psyche, the inner essence.
Sense 1 fits perfectly: "the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life".
Let's double check. "potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children" -> the inner being, the psyche.
Sense 1 is the best match.
Sense 2 is "a human being" (e.g., "not a soul in sight").
Sense 3 is "deep feeling or emotion".
Sense 4 is "the human embodiment of something".
Sense 5 is the music genre.

Therefore, sense 1 is the correct choice.
The output format must be exactly {"sense_index": 1}.
I will output {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: child
Target surface form: children
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our <t>children</t>. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=child%1:18:00:: | definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
2. sense_key=child%1:18:01:: | definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=kid | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
3. sense_key=child%1:18:06:: | definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=baby | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
4. sense_key=child%1:18:07:: | definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "children" in the context: "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children."
The context talks about American parents, elementary schools, youngsters, young people, and parents sending their kids to school.
The word "children" here refers to young people, offspring of the parents, but specifically in the context of being young persons (students, youngsters).
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. a young person of either sex (kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry) - examples: she writes books for children; they're just kids.
2. a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age - examples: they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college.
3. an immature childish person.
4. a member of a clan or tribe.

In the context, "our children" refers to the young people in elementary schools, the "youngsters", "young people". The text says "encourage creativity in your children", "encourages the youngsters' self-esteem", "generation of young people".
Wait, sense 1 is "a young person of either sex". Sense 2 is "a human offspring of any age".
The text says "all our children". It refers to the young people in society, the students. "youngsters" is a synonym in sense 1.
Let's re-read carefully: "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children."
Is it sense 1 or sense 2?
"our children" could mean offspring, but the context heavily emphasizes "youngsters", "young people", "elementary schools".
"youngster" is explicitly listed as a synonym for sense 1.
"she writes books for children" -> children as young persons.
"they're just kids" -> kids.
In the text: "encourages the youngsters' 'self-esteem.' The result is a generation of young people... inherent in the souls of all our children."
The word "youngsters" is used just before. "young people" is used. This strongly points to sense 1: a young person of either sex.
Let's check sense 2: "a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age". The text is about elementary school children, so they are young persons.
Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit.
Let's double check. "all our children" - could it be sense 1? Yes, "children" as young people.
Synonyms for sense 1: kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry.
Context uses "youngsters" and "young people".
I will choose sense 1.
Wait, "our children" might be sense 2? "they were able to send their kids to college" is sense 2. But here it's "all our children" in the context of "youngsters" and "young people".
Actually, "children" in "all our children" refers to the young people of the nation, not necessarily the speaker's own offspring, but the collective young persons. "a generation of young people... inherent in the souls of all our children." This aligns perfectly with "a young person of either sex" (sense 1).
Let's confirm sense 1.
Yes, sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: parent
Target surface form: parents
Context:
But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that <t>parents</t> find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=parent%1:18:00:: | definition=a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian
2. sense_key=parent%1:03:00:: | definition=an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "parents" in the context of education, children, and raising them.
Context: "It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education..."
Sense 1: a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian.
Sense 2: an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained.

The context clearly refers to human parents raising children and wanting them to get a decent education.
Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.
Sense index: 1.
End of thought.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: find
Target surface form: find
Context:
But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents <t>find</t> this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=find%2:40:02:: | definition=come upon, as if by accident; meet with | synonyms=happen, chance, bump, encounter | examples=We find this idea in Plato; I happened upon the most wonderful bakery not very far from here
2. sense_key=find%2:39:02:: | definition=discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of | synonyms=detect, observe, discover, notice | examples=She detected high levels of lead in her drinking water; We found traces of lead in the paint
3. sense_key=find%2:40:00:: | definition=come upon after searching; find the location of something that was missed or lost | synonyms=regain | examples=Did you find your glasses?; I cannot find my gloves!
4. sense_key=find%2:32:00:: | definition=establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study | synonyms=determine, find out, ascertain | examples=find the product of two numbers; The physicist who found the elusive particle won the Nobel Prize
5. sense_key=find%2:31:10:: | definition=come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds | synonyms=feel | examples=I feel that he doesn't like me; I find him to be obnoxious
6. sense_key=find%2:39:01:: | definition=perceive or be contemporaneous with | synonyms=witness, see | examples=We found Republicans winning the offices; You'll see a lot of cheating in this school
7. sense_key=find%2:40:01:: | definition=get something or somebody for a specific purpose | synonyms=line up, get hold, come up | examples=I found this gadget that will serve as a bottle opener; I got hold of these tools to fix our plumbing
8. sense_key=find%2:36:00:: | definition=make a discovery, make a new finding | synonyms=discover | examples=Roentgen discovered X-rays; Physicists believe they found a new elementary particle
9. sense_key=find%2:31:09:: | definition=make a discovery | synonyms=discover | examples=She found that he had lied to her; The story is false, so far as I can discover
10. sense_key=find%2:40:03:: | definition=obtain through effort or management | examples=She found the time and energy to take care of her aging parents; We found the money to send our sons to college
11. sense_key=find%2:32:01:: | definition=decide on and make a declaration about | synonyms=rule | examples=find someone guilty
12. sense_key=find%2:30:00:: | definition=receive a specified treatment (abstract) | synonyms=receive, get, obtain, incur | examples=These aspects of civilization do not find expression or receive an interpretation; His movie received a good review
13. sense_key=find%2:39:05:: | definition=perceive oneself to be in a certain condition or place | examples=I found myself in a difficult situation; When he woke up, he found himself in a hospital room
14. sense_key=find%2:40:15:: | definition=get or find back; recover the use of | synonyms=recover, retrieve, regain | examples=She regained control of herself; She found her voice and replied quickly
15. sense_key=find%2:38:10:: | definition=succeed in reaching; arrive at | examples=The arrow found its mark
16. sense_key=find%2:30:13:: | definition=accept and make use of one's personality, abilities, and situation | synonyms=find oneself | examples=My son went to Berkeley to find himself

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is: "It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive."
The target word is "find".
The parents "find" the romantic extravagance "attractive".
This means they perceive it to be attractive, or they come to believe/feel that it is attractive.
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. come upon, as if by accident
2. discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of
3. come upon after searching
4. establish after a calculation
5. come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds (synonyms: feel) - "I find him to be obnoxious"
6. perceive or be contemporaneous with
7. get something or somebody for a specific purpose
8. make a discovery
9. make a discovery
10. obtain through effort or management
11. decide on and make a declaration about
12. receive a specified treatment
13. perceive oneself to be in a certain condition or place
14. get or find back
15. succeed in reaching
16. accept and make use of one's personality

Sense 5: "come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds" with example "I find him to be obnoxious".
In the context: "parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive."
This perfectly matches sense 5. "find [something] [adjective]" meaning to feel or believe it to be so.

Let's double check.
"find this romantic extravagance so attractive" -> "I find him to be obnoxious" (Sense 5).
Yes, sense 5 is the best fit.
Sense 5 key: find%2:31:10::
Index: 5.
Context: "parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive."
Synonyms: feel.
Examples: I feel that he doesn't like me; I find him to be obnoxious.
Matches perfectly.
Checking other senses:
Sense 2: discover or determine the existence... "We found traces of lead" - no.
Sense 13: perceive oneself to be in a certain condition - "I found myself in a difficult situation" - no.
Sense 5 is definitely the right one.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: romantic
Target surface form: romantic
Context:
But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this <t>romantic</t> extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=romantic%3:01:00:: | definition=belonging to or characteristic of Romanticism or the Romantic Movement in the arts | synonyms=romanticist, romanticistic | examples=romantic poetry
2. sense_key=romantic%5:00:01:loving:00 | definition=expressive of or exciting sexual love or romance | synonyms=amatory, amorous | examples=her amatory affairs; amorous glances
3. sense_key=romantic%5:00:00:impractical:00 | definition=not sensible about practical matters; idealistic and unrealistic | synonyms=quixotic, wild-eyed | examples=as quixotic as a restoration of medieval knighthood; a romantic disregard for money

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "romantic" in the given context.
Target lemma: romantic
Target surface form: romantic
Context: "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands."

Candidate senses:
1. belonging to or characteristic of Romanticism or the Romantic Movement in the arts
2. expressive of or exciting sexual love or romance
3. not sensible about practical matters; idealistic and unrealistic

In the context, "romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction" and "romantic extravagance" refer to an idealistic, unrealistic, or impractical approach to education, ignoring practical matters like disciplined instruction. It's about being idealistic and unrealistic, not about the Romantic Movement in arts or sexual love.
Therefore, sense 3 is the best fit.

Let's double check.
"romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction" -> idealistic, unrealistic, not sensible about practical matters.
"romantic extravagance" -> impractical, idealistic.
Sense 3: not sensible about practical matters; idealistic and unrealistic.

I will output {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: so
Target surface form: so
Context:
But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance <t>so</t> attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=so%4:02:02:: | definition=to a very great extent or degree | examples=the idea is so obvious; never been so happy
2. sense_key=so%4:02:06:: | definition=in a manner that facilitates | examples=he observed the snakes so he could describe their behavior; he stooped down so he could pick up his hat
3. sense_key=so%4:02:05:: | definition=in such a condition or manner, especially as expressed or implied | examples=They're happy and I hope they will remain so; so live your life that old age will bring no regrets
4. sense_key=so%4:02:07:: | definition=to a certain unspecified extent or degree | examples=I can only go so far with this student; can do only so much in a day
5. sense_key=so%4:02:08:: | definition=in the same way; also | examples=I was offended and so was he; worked hard and so did she
6. sense_key=so%4:02:04:: | definition=in the way indicated; ; ; (`thusly' is a nonstandard variant) | synonyms=thus, thusly | examples=hold the brush so; set up the pieces thus
7. sense_key=so%4:02:03:: | definition=(usually followed by `that') to an extent or degree as expressed | examples=he was so tired he could hardly stand; so dirty that it smells
8. sense_key=so%4:02:09:: | definition=subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors) | synonyms=then, and so, and then | examples=then he left; go left first, then right
9. sense_key=so%4:02:10:: | definition=(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result | synonyms=therefore, hence, thence, thus | examples=therefore X must be true; the eggs were fresh and hence satisfactory
10. sense_key=so%4:02:00:: | definition=in truth (often tends to intensify) | synonyms=indeed | examples=they said the car would break down and indeed it did; it is very cold indeed

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "so" in the context: "It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive."
The word "so" modifies the adjective "attractive".
It means "to a very great extent or degree".
Let's check the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=so%4:02:02:: | definition=to a very great extent or degree | examples=the idea is so obvious; never been so happy
2. sense_key=so%4:02:06:: | definition=in a manner that facilitates
3. sense_key=so%4:02:05:: | definition=in such a condition or manner, especially as expressed or implied
4. sense_key=so%4:02:07:: | definition=to a certain unspecified extent or degree
5. sense_key=so%4:02:08:: | definition=in the same way; also
6. sense_key=so%4:02:04:: | definition=in the way indicated
7. sense_key=so%4:02:03:: | definition=(usually followed by `that') to an extent or degree as expressed
8. sense_key=so%4:02:09:: | definition=subsequently or soon afterward
9. sense_key=so%4:02:10:: | definition=(used to introduce a logical conclusion)
10. sense_key=so%4:02:00:: | definition=in truth

"so attractive" means "to a very great extent or degree" attractive.
Sense 1 matches perfectly.
Let's double check. "so attractive" -> "to a very great extent or degree".
Yes, sense 1.
End of thought.