[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: role
Target surface form: role
Context:
First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan <t>role</t> -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=role%1:04:00:: | definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=function, office, part | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part
2. sense_key=role%1:09:00:: | definition=an actor's portrayal of someone in a play | synonyms=character, theatrical role, part, persona | examples=she played the part of Desdemona
3. sense_key=role%1:07:00:: | definition=what something is used for | synonyms=function, purpose, use | examples=the function of an auger is to bore holes; ballet is beautiful but what use is it?
4. sense_key=role%1:04:01:: | definition=normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting | examples=what is your role on the team?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "role" in the context: "Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat."
The context talks about the actions, activities, or expected behavior of a person or group (freshman Republicans) in a particular setting (national policy making).
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=role%1:04:00:: | definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=function, office, part | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part
2. sense_key=role%1:09:00:: | definition=an actor's portrayal of someone in a play | synonyms=character, theatrical role, part, persona | examples=she played the part of Desdemona
3. sense_key=role%1:07:00:: | definition=what something is used for | synonyms=function, purpose, use | examples=the function of an auger is to bore holes; ballet is beautiful but what use is it?
4. sense_key=role%1:04:01:: | definition=normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting | examples=what is your role on the team?

Wait, "partisan role" refers to the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group (freshman Republicans).
Sense 1: "the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group"
Sense 4: "normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting"

Let's read the context again: "Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat."
Is it sense 1 or sense 4?
Sense 1: "the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group"
Sense 4: "normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting"

"partisan role" - the role of a partisan.
"role" here means the function or part they are expected to play.
Let's check the examples for sense 1: "the function of a teacher; the government must do its part"
"partisan role" -> the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.
Wait, let's consider sense 1 vs sense 4.
Sense 1 is "the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group".
Sense 4 is "normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting".
"partisan role" is more about the expected actions/activities of a group (partisan).
Let's look at similar examples. "the role of the government" -> sense 1.
"partisan role" -> sense 1.

Let's check WordNet for "role".
role%1:04:00:: the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group
role%1:04:01:: normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting

"partisan role" - the actions and activities expected of a partisan.
I will choose sense 1.
Wait, let's re-read the context: "Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making..."
This is about the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group.
Sense 1 fits perfectly.
Let's double check if there's any other.
Sense 1: function, office, part.
"partisan part" -> partisan function.
Yes, sense 1.
Let's consider sense 1.
"the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group"
Yes.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: spread
Target surface form: spreading
Context:
First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- <t>spreading</t> the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=spread%2:35:00:: | definition=distribute or disperse widely | synonyms=distribute | examples=The invaders spread their language all over the country
2. sense_key=spread%2:35:07:: | definition=become distributed or widespread | synonyms=propagate | examples=the infection spread; Optimism spread among the population
3. sense_key=spread%2:42:00:: | definition=spread across or over | synonyms=overspread | examples=A big oil spot spread across the water
4. sense_key=spread%2:35:03:: | definition=spread out or open from a closed or folded state | synonyms=unfold, spread out, open | examples=open the map; spread your arms
5. sense_key=spread%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to become widely known | synonyms=circulate, circularize, circularise, distribute, disseminate, propagate | examples=spread information; circulate a rumor
6. sense_key=spread%2:32:02:: | definition=become widely known and passed on | synonyms=go around, circulate | examples=the rumor spread; the story went around in the office
7. sense_key=spread%2:38:00:: | definition=strew or distribute over an area | synonyms=scatter, spread out | examples=He spread fertilizer over the lawn; scatter cards across the table
8. sense_key=spread%2:38:02:: | definition=move outward | synonyms=diffuse, spread out, fan out | examples=The soldiers fanned out
9. sense_key=spread%2:35:12:: | definition=cover by spreading something over | examples=spread the bread with cheese
10. sense_key=spread%2:35:13:: | definition=distribute over a surface in a layer | examples=spread cheese on a piece of bread

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The target word is "spreading" in the context: "Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat."
The phrase is "spreading the Reagan revolution".
This means distributing or propagating the ideas of the Reagan revolution widely.
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. spread%2:35:00:: distribute or disperse widely (e.g., The invaders spread their language all over the country)
2. spread%2:35:07:: become distributed or widespread (intransitive)
3. spread%2:42:00:: spread across or over
4. spread%2:35:03:: spread out or open from a closed or folded state
5. spread%2:32:00:: cause to become widely known (e.g., spread information; circulate a rumor)
6. spread%2:32:02:: become widely known and passed on
7. spread%2:38:00:: strew or distribute over an area
8. spread%2:38:02:: move outward
9. spread%2:35:12:: cover by spreading something over
10. spread%2:35:13:: distribute over a surface in a layer

"spreading the Reagan revolution" is transitive. It means distributing or propagating the revolution (its ideas, influence) widely.
Sense 1: "distribute or disperse widely" - "The invaders spread their language all over the country". This fits "spreading the Reagan revolution" (distributing its influence/ideas widely).
Sense 5: "cause to become widely known" - "spread information; circulate a rumor". A revolution is more than just information; it's a movement or influence being distributed.
Let's re-read Sense 1: "distribute or disperse widely". Synonyms: distribute. Example: "The invaders spread their language all over the country". This is very close to "spreading the Reagan revolution".
Wait, could it be Sense 1? Yes.
Let's check Sense 1 vs Sense 5.
"spreading the Reagan revolution" -> distributing the revolution widely.
Sense 1: distribute or disperse widely.
Sense 5: cause to become widely known.
"Reagan revolution" is a political movement/ideology. Spreading it means distributing it widely, like spreading a language or a religion.
Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.
Let's double check.
"spreading the Reagan revolution"
Sense 1: distribute or disperse widely.
Yes, "spread their language" is analogous to "spread the Reagan revolution".
I will choose 1.
Wait, let's look at the synonyms for 1: distribute.
Synonyms for 5: circulate, circularize, circularise, distribute, disseminate, propagate.
Is "propagate" better? "propagate the Reagan revolution".
But Sense 1 has "distribute or disperse widely".
Let's see: "spread the Reagan revolution" -> "distribute or disperse widely".
I'll go with 1.
Wait, let's look at the exact wording of Sense 1: "distribute or disperse widely".
Example: "The invaders spread their language all over the country".
This perfectly matches "spreading the Reagan revolution" (spreading an ideology/movement all over the country).
I am confident in 1.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Alibaba

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: revolution
Target surface form: revolution
Context:
First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan <t>revolution</t> -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=revolution%1:11:01:: | definition=a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving | examples=the industrial revolution was also a cultural revolution
2. sense_key=revolution%1:04:00:: | definition=the overthrow of a government by those who are governed
3. sense_key=revolution%1:11:00:: | definition=a single complete turn (axial or orbital) | synonyms=rotation, gyration | examples=the plane made three rotations before it crashed; the revolution of the earth about the sun takes one year

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "revolution" in the context of "the Reagan revolution".
The context talks about a drastic change in ways of thinking and behaving, specifically a political movement or shift in policy and ideology ("spreading the Reagan revolution in national policy making").
Sense 1: a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving. Example: the industrial revolution was also a cultural revolution.
Sense 2: the overthrow of a government by those who are governed.
Sense 3: a single complete turn (axial or orbital).

The "Reagan revolution" refers to a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving (political ideology, policy making), not an overthrow of a government or a physical rotation.
Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.
Let's double check.
"spreading the Reagan revolution" -> a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving.
Yes, sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: national
Target surface form: national
Context:
First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in <t>national</t> policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=national%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country | examples=national hero; national anthem
2. sense_key=national%3:00:00:: | definition=limited to or in the interests of a particular nation | examples=national interests; isolationism is a strictly national policy
3. sense_key=national%3:00:01:: | definition=concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country | examples=the national government; national elections
4. sense_key=national%5:00:00:public:00 | definition=owned or maintained for the public by the national government | examples=national parks
5. sense_key=national%5:00:00:domestic:00 | definition=inside the country | synonyms=home, interior, internal | examples=the British Home Office has broader responsibilities than the United States Department of the Interior; the nation's internal politics
6. sense_key=national%3:01:02:: | definition=characteristic of or peculiar to the people of a nation | examples=a national trait
7. sense_key=national%3:01:01:: | definition=of or relating to nationality | examples=national origin

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "national" in the context: "Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in <t>national</t> policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat."
The phrase is "national policy making".
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country (national hero; national anthem)
2. limited to or in the interests of a particular nation (national interests; isolationism is a strictly national policy)
3. concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country (the national government; national elections)
4. owned or maintained for the public by the national government (national parks)
5. inside the country (home, interior, internal)
6. characteristic of or peculiar to the people of a nation (a national trait)
7. of or relating to nationality (national origin)

"national policy making" refers to policy making that applies to or concerns the entire nation or country, as opposed to local benefit-seeking.
Sense 3: "concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country" fits "national policy making" perfectly, contrasting with "local benefit-seeking".
Let's double check.
"national policy making" -> policy making for the entire nation.
Sense 3 examples: "the national government; national elections".
Sense 2: "limited to or in the interests of a particular nation" (e.g., national interests, isolationism).
Sense 3 is the best fit.
Let's review the context: "legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking".
"national" here means applicable to the entire nation, as opposed to local.
Sense 3: "concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country".
Yes, sense 3 is the best.
Index 3.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: policy
Target surface form: policy
Context:
First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national <t>policy</t> making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=policy%1:09:00:: | definition=a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group | examples=it was a policy of retribution; a politician keeps changing his policies
2. sense_key=policy%1:10:00:: | definition=a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government | examples=they debated the policy or impolicy of the proposed legislation
3. sense_key=policy%1:10:02:: | definition=written contract or certificate of insurance | synonyms=insurance policy, insurance | examples=you should have read the small print on your policy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "policy" in the context: "Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat."
The phrase is "national policy making".
Sense 1: a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group.
Sense 2: a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government.
Sense 3: written contract or certificate of insurance.

"national policy making" refers to the course of action of a government or a plan of action adopted by a social group (the government).
Wait, "policy making" usually refers to the process of creating a plan of action or a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government.
Let's look at Sense 1: "a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group" (e.g., a politician keeps changing his policies).
Sense 2: "a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government" (e.g., they debated the policy or impolicy of the proposed legislation).
Actually, "national policy making" refers to the creation of plans of action by the government.
Is it sense 1 or sense 2?
"national policy making" -> "policy" as a plan of action adopted by a social group (the nation/government).
Let's check the examples. "a politician keeps changing his policies" -> this is sense 1.
"they debated the policy or impolicy of the proposed legislation" -> sense 2.
"national policy making" is about making plans of action.
Wait, "policy making" is the process of making policies (plans of action).
Sense 1: a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group.
Sense 2: a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government.
"national policy making" -> making plans of action for the nation.
I will choose sense 1.
Let's re-read carefully: "national policy making"
Is it sense 1? Yes, "policy" as a plan of action.
Let's consider "policy making" in WordNet. "policy" sense 1 is "a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group".
"national policy making" -> making national plans of action.
I'll go with 1.
Wait, let's look at sense 1 vs sense 2.
Sense 1: a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group.
Sense 2: a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government.
"national policy making" is about making plans of action, not just rationalizing.
So sense 1 is better.
Let's double check.
"national policy making" -> policy = plan of action.
Yes, sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: making
Target surface form: making
Context:
First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy <t>making</t>, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=making%1:04:00:: | definition=the act that results in something coming to be | synonyms=devising, fashioning | examples=the devising of plans; the fashioning of pots and pans
2. sense_key=making%1:07:00:: | definition=an attribute that must be met or complied with and that fits a person for something | synonyms=qualification | examples=her qualifications for the job are excellent; one of the qualifications for admission is an academic degree
3. sense_key=making%1:06:00:: | definition=(usually plural) the components needed for making or doing something | examples=the recipe listed all the makings for a chocolate cake

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "making" in the context of "national policy making".
The phrase is "national policy making".
Sense 1: the act that results in something coming to be (devising, fashioning). Example: the devising of plans.
Sense 2: an attribute that must be met or complied with and that fits a person for something (qualification).
Sense 3: (usually plural) the components needed for making or doing something (makings).

"policy making" refers to the act of making policy, i.e., the act that results in something coming to be (devising, fashioning).
Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.
Let's double check.
"national policy making" -> the act of making national policy.
Sense 1: the act that results in something coming to be.
Yes, Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: indicate
Target surface form: indicates
Context:
Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory <t>indicates</t> why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=indicate%2:32:01:: | definition=be a signal for or a symptom of | synonyms=bespeak, betoken, point, signal | examples=These symptoms indicate a serious illness; Her behavior points to a severe neurosis
2. sense_key=indicate%2:32:03:: | definition=indicate a place, direction, person, or thing; either spatially or figuratively | synonyms=point, designate, show | examples=I showed the customer the glove section; He pointed to the empty parking space
3. sense_key=indicate%2:32:00:: | definition=to state or express briefly | examples=indicated his wishes in a letter
4. sense_key=indicate%2:32:02:: | definition=give evidence of | synonyms=argue | examples=The evidence argues for your claim; The results indicate the need for more work
5. sense_key=indicate%2:32:04:: | definition=suggest the necessity of an intervention; in medicine | synonyms=suggest | examples=Tetracycline is indicated in such cases

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "indicates" in the context: "Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office."
The theory gives evidence of or suggests why the Republican Party may have a difficult time.
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. be a signal for or a symptom of (These symptoms indicate a serious illness)
2. indicate a place, direction, person, or thing (I showed the customer the glove section)
3. to state or express briefly (indicated his wishes in a letter)
4. give evidence of (The evidence argues for your claim; The results indicate the need for more work)
5. suggest the necessity of an intervention; in medicine (Tetracycline is indicated in such cases)

In the context, "the theory indicates why..." means the theory gives evidence of or shows why.
Sense 4: "give evidence of" (synonyms: argue; examples: The results indicate the need for more work).
This perfectly matches "the theory indicates why...".

Let's double check.
"the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time..."
Sense 4: give evidence of.
Yes, "indicate" here means to show or give evidence of a fact or reason.
Sense 4 is the best fit.
Context: "Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office."
Sense 4: give evidence of.
Matches "The results indicate the need for more work".
I will output {"sense_index": 4}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: attract
Target surface form: attracting
Context:
Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time <t>attracting</t> viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=attract%2:35:00:: | definition=direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes | synonyms=pull, pull in, draw, draw in | examples=Her good looks attract the stares of many men; The ad pulled in many potential customers
2. sense_key=attract%2:37:00:: | definition=be attractive to | synonyms=appeal | examples=The idea of a vacation appeals to me; The beautiful garden attracted many people
3. sense_key=attract%2:35:01:: | definition=exert a force on (a body) causing it to approach or prevent it from moving away | examples=the gravitational pull of a planet attracts other bodies

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "attracting" (lemma: attract).
Context: "Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office."
Meaning: The Republican Party may have a difficult time being attractive to viable candidates, or drawing them in.
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=attract%2:35:00:: | definition=direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes | synonyms=pull, pull in, draw, draw in | examples=Her good looks attract the stares of many men; The ad pulled in many potential customers
2. sense_key=attract%2:37:00:: | definition=be attractive to | synonyms=appeal | examples=The idea of a vacation appeals to me; The beautiful garden attracted many people
3. sense_key=attract%2:35:01:: | definition=exert a force on (a body) causing it to approach or prevent it from moving away | examples=the gravitational pull of a planet attracts other bodies

In the context, "attracting viable candidates" means drawing them in, pulling them in, or being attractive to them.
Wait, "attracting viable candidates" -> "pulling in" or "drawing in" viable candidates.
Sense 1: direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes (pull, pull in, draw, draw in). Example: "The ad pulled in many potential customers". This matches "attracting viable candidates" (pulling in potential candidates).
Sense 2: be attractive to. Example: "The idea of a vacation appeals to me".
Is it "pull in" or "be attractive to"?
"attracting viable candidates" -> the party is trying to draw them in. "The Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates" -> drawing them in.
Let's check the examples for sense 1: "The ad pulled in many potential customers". This is very similar to "attracting viable candidates".
Let's check sense 2: "The beautiful garden attracted many people".
Wait, sense 1 is "direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes".
Sense 2 is "be attractive to".
In WordNet, "attract" as in "attract customers" or "attract candidates" is often sense 1 (pull in, draw in).
Let's see: "attract viable candidates" -> draw them in.
"attract" in "attracting viable candidates" -> sense 1.
Let's consider "attract" in "The Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates".
Is it sense 1 or sense 2?
"attract" (pull in, draw in) vs "attract" (appeal to).
If the party is "attracting" candidates, it is drawing them in.
Let's look at the synonyms: pull, pull in, draw, draw in.
"attracting viable candidates" = drawing in viable candidates.
I will choose sense 1.
Wait, let's re-read sense 1: "direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes".
Sense 2: "be attractive to".
If the party is attracting candidates, it is drawing them in.
Let's choose 1.
Let's double check. "attract viable candidates" -> "draw in viable candidates".
Yes, sense 1.
Another example: "attract customers" -> sense 1.
"attracting viable candidates" -> sense 1.
I will output 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: candidate
Target surface form: candidates
Context:
Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable <t>candidates</t> for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=candidate%1:18:01:: | definition=a politician who is running for public office | synonyms=campaigner, nominee
2. sense_key=candidate%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) | synonyms=prospect

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "candidates" in the context: "Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent."
The context is about politicians running for public office (congressional office).
Sense 1: a politician who is running for public office (synonyms: campaigner, nominee)
Sense 2: someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) (synonyms: prospect)

The context specifically mentions "congressional office", "running", "defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent". This perfectly matches sense 1: a politician who is running for public office.

Let's check the context again: "attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running..."
This is clearly about politicians running for public office.
Sense 1 is the best fit.
Sense index: 1.
End of thought.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: office
Target surface form: office
Context:
Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional <t>office</t>. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=office%1:06:00:: | definition=place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed | synonyms=business office | examples=he rented an office in the new building
2. sense_key=office%1:14:01:: | definition=an administrative unit of government | synonyms=agency, federal agency, government agency, bureau, authority | examples=the Central Intelligence Agency; the Census Bureau
3. sense_key=office%1:04:01:: | definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=function, part, role | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part
4. sense_key=office%1:26:00:: | definition=(of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power | synonyms=power | examples=being in office already gives a candidate a great advantage; during his first year in office
5. sense_key=office%1:14:00:: | definition=professional or clerical workers in an office | synonyms=office staff | examples=the whole office was late the morning of the blizzard
6. sense_key=office%1:04:00:: | definition=a religious rite or service prescribed by ecclesiastical authorities | examples=the offices of the mass
7. sense_key=office%1:04:02:: | definition=a job in an organization | synonyms=position, post, berth, spot, billet, place | examples=he occupied a post in the treasury

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "office" in the context: "Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional <t>office</t>."
The context talks about candidates running for "congressional office", which refers to a job or position in an organization (specifically, a government position).
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. place of business
2. administrative unit of government
3. actions and activities assigned to a person or group (function, role)
4. holding an office means being in power (power)
5. professional or clerical workers
6. religious rite
7. a job in an organization (position, post, berth, spot, billet, place)

"candidates for congressional office" means candidates for a congressional position or job.
Sense 7: "a job in an organization" with synonyms "position, post, berth, spot, billet, place".
Wait, sense 4 is "(of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power". But "candidates for congressional office" refers to the position itself, not the state of being in power.
Let's check sense 7: "a job in an organization". Synonyms: position, post, berth, spot, billet, place. "congressional position" fits perfectly.
Let's re-read the context: "attracting viable candidates for congressional office."
Is it sense 7? Yes, "office" as a position or post.
Let's double check sense 7 vs sense 4.
Sense 4: "being in office already gives a candidate a great advantage; during his first year in office". This is the state of holding the office.
Sense 7: "a job in an organization". "candidates for congressional office" -> candidates for a congressional job/position.
Therefore, sense 7 is the best fit.
Let's review the examples for sense 7: "he occupied a post in the treasury". "candidates for congressional office" is very similar to "candidates for a post in the treasury".
I will choose sense 7.
Wait, let's look at sense 7 again. "a job in an organization".
Is there any other sense?
Sense 7 is "a job in an organization".
Yes, "congressional office" = congressional position/post.
I will output 7.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: potential
Target surface form: Potential
Context:
Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. <t>Potential</t> candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=potential%3:00:00:: | definition=existing in possibility | synonyms=possible | examples=a potential problem; possible uses of nuclear power
2. sense_key=potential%5:00:00:prospective:00 | definition=expected to become or be; in prospect | synonyms=likely | examples=potential clients

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "Potential" in the context: "Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent."
The word "Potential" modifies "candidates".
Sense 1: existing in possibility (possible) - e.g., a potential problem.
Sense 2: expected to become or be; in prospect (likely) - e.g., potential clients.

"Potential candidates" refers to people who are expected to become or are in prospect of becoming candidates. This aligns with sense 2 (prospective, likely, potential clients).
Let's double check.
"Potential candidates" = prospective candidates.
Sense 2 is "potential%5:00:00:prospective:00".
Sense 1 is "potential%3:00:00::".

"Potential candidates" -> prospective candidates.
Therefore, sense 2 is the best fit.
Let's review the examples: "potential clients" is very similar to "potential candidates".
I will output {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: candidate
Target surface form: candidates
Context:
Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential <t>candidates</t> may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=candidate%1:18:01:: | definition=a politician who is running for public office | synonyms=campaigner, nominee
2. sense_key=candidate%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) | synonyms=prospect

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "candidates" in the context: "Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent."
The context is about politicians running for public office (congressional office).
Sense 1: a politician who is running for public office (synonyms: campaigner, nominee)
Sense 2: someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) (synonyms: prospect)

The context specifically mentions "running for re-election", "congressional office", "running", "Democratic opponent". This strongly aligns with Sense 1: a politician who is running for public office.

Let's check the context again: "attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running..."
This is exactly "a politician who is running for public office".

Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.
Sense 1 index is 1.
I will return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: discourage
Target surface form: discouraged
Context:
Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be <t>discouraged</t> from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=discourage%2:32:01:: | definition=try to prevent; show opposition to | synonyms=deter | examples=We should discourage this practice among our youth
2. sense_key=discourage%2:37:00:: | definition=deprive of courage or hope; take away hope from; cause to feel discouraged
3. sense_key=discourage%2:32:02:: | definition=admonish or counsel in terms of someone's behavior | synonyms=warn, admonish, monish | examples=I warned him not to go too far; I warn you against false assumptions

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "discouraged" in the context: "Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent."
The context means that potential candidates are deterred or prevented from running.
Sense 1: try to prevent; show opposition to (synonyms: deter). Example: We should discourage this practice among our youth.
Sense 2: deprive of courage or hope; take away hope from; cause to feel discouraged.
Sense 3: admonish or counsel in terms of someone's behavior (synonyms: warn, admonish).

In the context, "discouraged from running" means deterred from running.
Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.
Let's double check. "discouraged from running" -> deterred from running.
Sense 1: try to prevent; show opposition to. Synonyms: deter.
Yes, "discourage from" is a classic collocation for deter/prevent.
Sense 1 is the correct sense.
Index: 1.
End of thought.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: run
Target surface form: running
Context:
Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from <t>running</t> less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=run%2:38:00:: | definition=move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time | examples=Don't run--you'll be out of breath; The children ran to the store
2. sense_key=run%2:38:04:: | definition=flee; take to one's heels; cut and run | synonyms=scat, scarper, turn tail, lam, run away, hightail it | examples=If you see this man, run!; The burglars escaped before the police showed up
3. sense_key=run%2:42:00:: | definition=stretch out over a distance, space, time, or scope; run or extend between two points or beyond a certain point | synonyms=go, pass, lead, extend | examples=Service runs all the way to Cranbury; His knowledge doesn't go very far
4. sense_key=run%2:41:02:: | definition=direct or control; projects, businesses, etc. | synonyms=operate | examples=She is running a relief operation in the Sudan
5. sense_key=run%2:42:04:: | definition=have a particular form | synonyms=go | examples=the story or argument runs as follows; as the saying goes...
6. sense_key=run%2:38:01:: | definition=move along, of liquids | synonyms=flow, feed, course | examples=Water flowed into the cave; the Missouri feeds into the Mississippi
7. sense_key=run%2:35:00:: | definition=perform as expected when applied | synonyms=function, work, operate, go | examples=The washing machine won't go unless it's plugged in; Does this old car still run well?
8. sense_key=run%2:42:07:: | definition=change or be different within limits | synonyms=range | examples=Estimates for the losses in the earthquake range as high as $2 billion; Interest rates run from 5 to 10 percent
9. sense_key=run%2:33:06:: | definition=run, stand, or compete for an office or a position | synonyms=campaign | examples=Who's running for treasurer this year?
10. sense_key=run%2:36:01:: | definition=cause to emit recorded audio or video | synonyms=play | examples=They ran the tapes over and over again; I'll play you my favorite record
11. sense_key=run%2:38:11:: | definition=move about freely and without restraint, or act as if running around in an uncontrolled way | examples=who are these people running around in the building?; She runs around telling everyone of her troubles
12. sense_key=run%2:42:01:: | definition=have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined | synonyms=tend, be given, lean, incline | examples=She tends to be nervous before her lectures; These dresses run small
13. sense_key=run%2:35:04:: | definition=be operating, running or functioning | examples=The car is still running--turn it off!
14. sense_key=run%2:30:03:: | definition=change from one state to another | examples=run amok; run rogue
15. sense_key=run%2:30:07:: | definition=cause to perform | examples=run a subject; run a process
16. sense_key=run%2:42:02:: | definition=be affected by; be subjected to | examples=run a temperature; run a risk
17. sense_key=run%2:42:03:: | definition=continue to exist | synonyms=prevail, persist, die hard, endure | examples=These stories die hard; The legend of Elvis endures
18. sense_key=run%2:42:06:: | definition=occur persistently | examples=Musical talent runs in the family
19. sense_key=run%2:41:00:: | definition=carry out a process or program, as on a computer or a machine | synonyms=execute | examples=Run the dishwasher; run a new program on the Mac
20. sense_key=run%2:36:02:: | definition=include as the content; broadcast or publicize | synonyms=carry | examples=We ran the ad three times; This paper carries a restaurant review
21. sense_key=run%2:36:00:: | definition=carry out | examples=run an errand
22. sense_key=run%2:35:01:: | definition=pass over, across, or through | synonyms=guide, draw, pass | examples=He ran his eyes over her body; She ran her fingers along the carved figurine
23. sense_key=run%2:42:08:: | definition=cause something to pass or lead somewhere | synonyms=lead | examples=Run the wire behind the cabinet
24. sense_key=run%2:41:01:: | definition=make without a miss
25. sense_key=run%2:40:06:: | definition=deal in illegally, such as arms or liquor | synonyms=black market
26. sense_key=run%2:38:10:: | definition=cause an animal to move fast | examples=run the dogs
27. sense_key=run%2:38:08:: | definition=be diffused | synonyms=bleed | examples=These dyes and colors are guaranteed not to run
28. sense_key=run%2:38:03:: | definition=sail before the wind
29. sense_key=run%2:38:05:: | definition=cover by running; run a certain distance | examples=She ran 10 miles that day
30. sense_key=run%2:42:05:: | definition=extend or continue for a certain period of time | synonyms=run for | examples=The film runs 5 hours
31. sense_key=run%2:41:04:: | definition=set animals loose to graze
32. sense_key=run%2:38:02:: | definition=keep company | synonyms=consort | examples=the heifers run with the bulls to produce offspring
33. sense_key=run%2:38:06:: | definition=run with the ball; in such sports as football
34. sense_key=run%2:38:13:: | definition=travel rapidly, by any (unspecified) means | examples=Run to the store!; She always runs to Italy, because she has a lover there
35. sense_key=run%2:38:09:: | definition=travel a route regularly | synonyms=ply | examples=Ships ply the waters near the coast
36. sense_key=run%2:33:02:: | definition=pursue for food or sport (as of wild animals) | synonyms=hunt, hunt down, track down | examples=Goering often hunted wild boars in Poland; The dogs are running deer
37. sense_key=run%2:33:01:: | definition=compete in a race | synonyms=race | examples=he is running the Marathon this year; let's race and see who gets there first
38. sense_key=run%2:30:02:: | definition=progress by being changed | synonyms=move, go | examples=The speech has to go through several more drafts; run through your presentation before the meeting
39. sense_key=run%2:30:00:: | definition=reduce or cause to be reduced from a solid to a liquid state, usually by heating | synonyms=melt, melt down | examples=melt butter; melt down gold
40. sense_key=run%2:30:01:: | definition=come unraveled or undone as if by snagging | synonyms=ladder | examples=Her nylons were running
41. sense_key=run%2:30:04:: | definition=become undone | synonyms=unravel | examples=the sweater unraveled

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is: "Potential candidates may be discouraged from <t>running</t> less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent."
The target word is "running".
The context is about candidates running for an office or a position (congressional office).
Let's look at the candidate senses.
Sense 9: sense_key=run%2:33:06:: | definition=run, stand, or compete for an office or a position | synonyms=campaign | examples=Who's running for treasurer this year?
This perfectly matches the context of candidates running for congressional office.
Let's double check.
"Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent."
Yes, running for office.
Sense 9 is the best match.
Index: 9.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: prospect
Target surface form: prospect
Context:
Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the <t>prospect</t> of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=prospect%1:26:00:: | definition=the possibility of future success | synonyms=chance | examples=his prospects as a writer are excellent
2. sense_key=prospect%1:09:01:: | definition=belief about (or mental picture of) the future | synonyms=expectation, outlook
3. sense_key=prospect%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) | synonyms=candidate
4. sense_key=prospect%1:09:00:: | definition=the visual percept of a region | synonyms=view, aspect, scene, vista, panorama | examples=the most desirable feature of the park are the beautiful views
5. sense_key=prospect%1:04:00:: | definition=a prediction of the course of a disease | synonyms=prognosis, medical prognosis

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "prospect" in the context: "Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent."
The phrase is "prospect of defeat".
This refers to the possibility or likelihood of future defeat.
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=prospect%1:26:00:: | definition=the possibility of future success | synonyms=chance | examples=his prospects as a writer are excellent
2. sense_key=prospect%1:09:01:: | definition=belief about (or mental picture of) the future | synonyms=expectation, outlook
3. sense_key=prospect%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) | synonyms=candidate
4. sense_key=prospect%1:09:00:: | definition=the visual percept of a region | synonyms=view, aspect, scene, vista, panorama
5. sense_key=prospect%1:04:00:: | definition=a prediction of the course of a disease | synonyms=prognosis, medical prognosis

Wait, "prospect of defeat" means the possibility of defeat.
Sense 1: "the possibility of future success" (or just possibility of future event, though the gloss says success, synonyms include "chance"). "chance of defeat" fits perfectly.
Let's re-read sense 1: "the possibility of future success" - wait, is it just "possibility"? Yes, "chance". "his prospects as a writer are excellent".
Wait, sense 1 is "the possibility of future success". But "prospect of defeat" is a possibility of a future event.
Let's check sense 2: "belief about (or mental picture of) the future" - expectation, outlook. "the prospect of defeat" could be the expectation of defeat.
But "chance of defeat" is more common. "prospect" as "possibility".
Let's look at WordNet for "prospect".
prospect.n.01: the possibility of future success. "his prospects as a writer are excellent"
prospect.n.02: belief about (or mental picture of) the future. "expectation, outlook"
Is "prospect of defeat" a possibility or an expectation?
"discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat" -> the possibility/chance of defeat.
Let's see: "prospect of defeat" -> chance of defeat.
Synonym for sense 1 is "chance". "chance of defeat" is a very common collocation.
Let's consider sense 1. "the possibility of future success" is the gloss, but the synonym is "chance".
Wait, could it be sense 1? Yes, "chance" fits "prospect of defeat" (chance of defeat).
Let's check if there's any other sense.
"prospect" meaning "possibility" is sense 1.
"prospect" meaning "expectation" is sense 2.
"discouraged ... by the prospect of defeat" -> discouraged by the possibility/chance of defeat.
I will choose sense 1.
Let's double check.
"prospect of defeat" -> possibility of defeat.
Sense 1: the possibility of future success (or event).
Sense 2: belief about the future.
I'll go with 1.
Wait, let's search mentally for "prospect of defeat". It means the chance or possibility of defeat.
Sense 1 is "chance".
I'll output 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: defeat
Target surface form: defeat
Context:
Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of <t>defeat</t> at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=defeat%1:11:00:: | definition=an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest | synonyms=licking | examples=it was a narrow defeat; the army's only defeat
2. sense_key=defeat%1:12:00:: | definition=the feeling that accompanies an experience of being thwarted in attaining your goals | synonyms=frustration

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "defeat".
Context: "Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent."
This refers to an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest (losing an election).
Sense 1: an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest (synonyms: licking; examples: it was a narrow defeat; the army's only defeat).
Sense 2: the feeling that accompanies an experience of being thwarted in attaining your goals (synonyms: frustration).

The context clearly refers to losing an election, which is an unsuccessful ending to a contest.
Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.
Sense index: 1.
End of thought.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: democratic
Target surface form: Democratic
Context:
Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a <t>Democratic</t> opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=democratic%3:00:00:: | definition=characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality; ; ; - George du Maurier | examples=democratic government; a democratic country
2. sense_key=democratic%3:01:00:: | definition=belong to or relating to the Democratic Party | examples=Democratic senator
3. sense_key=democratic%5:00:00:common:01 | definition=representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large | synonyms=popular | examples=democratic art forms; a democratic or popular movement

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "Democratic" in the context: "Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent."
The context is about the Republican Party and the Democratic Party in US politics.
"Democratic opponent" refers to an opponent belonging to the Democratic Party.
Sense 1: characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality.
Sense 2: belong to or relating to the Democratic Party.
Sense 3: representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large.

The correct sense is 2.
I will return {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: opponent
Target surface form: opponent
Context:
Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic <t>opponent</t>. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=opponent%1:18:02:: | definition=a contestant that you are matched against | synonyms=opposition, opposite
2. sense_key=opponent%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who offers opposition | synonyms=adversary, antagonist, opposer, resister

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "opponent" in the context: "Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent."
The context is about political elections, where a Democratic opponent is someone who offers opposition in an election.
Sense 1: a contestant that you are matched against (sports, games, etc.)
Sense 2: someone who offers opposition (adversary, antagonist, opposer, resister)

In politics, an opponent is someone who offers opposition, an adversary.
Let's check the context: "defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent." This refers to a political adversary.
Sense 2 fits best.
Let's double check.
Sense 1: contestant matched against (like in a game or sport).
Sense 2: someone who offers opposition.
Political opponent is definitely sense 2.
I will return {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: extent
Target surface form: extent
Context:
For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the <t>extent</t> that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=extent%1:26:00:: | definition=the point or degree to which something extends | examples=the extent of the damage; the full extent of the law
2. sense_key=extent%1:07:00:: | definition=the distance or area or volume over which something extends | examples=the vast extent of the desert; an orchard of considerable extent

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "extent" in the context: "To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates."
The phrase "To the extent that" means "to the degree that" or "to the point that".
Sense 1: the point or degree to which something extends. Examples: the extent of the damage; the full extent of the law.
Sense 2: the distance or area or volume over which something extends. Examples: the vast extent of the desert; an orchard of considerable extent.

"To the extent that" clearly matches Sense 1 (the point or degree to which something extends).

Let's double check.
"To the extent that" -> degree/point.
Sense 1 is the correct sense.
Index: 1.
JSON format: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: potential
Target surface form: potential
Context:
For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that <t>potential</t> Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=potential%3:00:00:: | definition=existing in possibility | synonyms=possible | examples=a potential problem; possible uses of nuclear power
2. sense_key=potential%5:00:00:prospective:00 | definition=expected to become or be; in prospect | synonyms=likely | examples=potential clients

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "potential" in the context: "Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent."
The phrase is "Potential candidates".
Sense 1: existing in possibility (possible) - e.g., a potential problem.
Sense 2: expected to become or be; in prospect (likely) - e.g., potential clients.

"Potential candidates" refers to people who are expected to become or are in prospect of becoming candidates. This aligns with "expected to become or be; in prospect" (Sense 2).
Let's double check. "Potential clients" is the example for Sense 2. "Potential candidates" is very similar to "potential clients".
Therefore, Sense 2 is the best fit.
Sense 1 is more about something that could happen or exist (a potential problem).
Sense 2 is about a person or entity expected to become something (potential clients, potential candidates).

I will output {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: candidate
Target surface form: candidates
Context:
For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican <t>candidates</t> and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=candidate%1:18:01:: | definition=a politician who is running for public office | synonyms=campaigner, nominee
2. sense_key=candidate%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) | synonyms=prospect

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "candidates" in the context of "attracting viable candidates for congressional office" and "potential Republican candidates".
The context is about politicians running for public office (congressional office).
Sense 1: a politician who is running for public office (synonyms: campaigner, nominee)
Sense 2: someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) (synonyms: prospect)

The context specifically mentions "congressional office", "running for re-election", "running", "Democratic opponent", "field a competitive slate of congressional candidates". This strongly points to Sense 1: a politician who is running for public office.

Let's check the context again: "attracting viable candidates for congressional office", "Potential candidates may be discouraged from running", "potential Republican candidates".
This perfectly matches "a politician who is running for public office".

Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.
Sense index: 1.
End of thought.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: realize
Target surface form: realize
Context:
For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers <t>realize</t> that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=realize%2:31:01:: | definition=be fully aware or cognizant of | synonyms=recognize, recognise, realise, agnize, agnise
2. sense_key=realize%2:31:00:: | definition=perceive (an idea or situation) mentally | synonyms=understand, realise, see | examples=Now I see!; I just can't see your point
3. sense_key=realize%2:36:00:: | definition=make real or concrete; give reality or substance to | synonyms=realise, actualize, actualise, substantiate | examples=our ideas must be substantiated into actions
4. sense_key=realize%2:40:01:: | definition=earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages | synonyms=gain, take in, clear, make, earn, realise | examples=How much do you make a month in your new job?; She earns a lot in her new job
5. sense_key=realize%2:40:00:: | definition=convert into cash; of goods and property | synonyms=realise
6. sense_key=realize%2:36:07:: | definition=expand or complete (a part in a piece of baroque music) by supplying the harmonies indicated in the figured bass | synonyms=realise

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "realize" in the context: "To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates."
The meaning here is to be fully aware or cognizant of, or to perceive mentally.
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=realize%2:31:01:: | definition=be fully aware or cognizant of | synonyms=recognize, recognise, realise, agnize, agnise
2. sense_key=realize%2:31:00:: | definition=perceive (an idea or situation) mentally | synonyms=understand, realise, see | examples=Now I see!; I just can't see your point

Wait, "realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage" means they become aware of it or cognizant of it.
Sense 1: "be fully aware or cognizant of" (recognize, recognise, realise, agnize, agnise).
Sense 2: "perceive (an idea or situation) mentally" (understand, realise, see).

Let's check the context again: "To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage..."
This is about being aware of a fact. "realize that..." is often mapped to "be fully aware or cognizant of" (sense 1) or "perceive (an idea or situation) mentally" (sense 2).
Wait, "realize" in the sense of "become aware of a fact" is often sense 1 (realize%2:31:01::).
Let's check WordNet:
realize%2:31:01:: be fully aware or cognizant of
realize%2:31:00:: perceive (an idea or situation) mentally

Is there a difference? "realize that..." -> "be fully aware or cognizant of".
Let's see: "recognize" is a synonym for sense 1. "understand" is a synonym for sense 2.
"realize that the game works to their disadvantage" -> they are aware of it.
Let's choose sense 1.
Wait, let's look at similar examples. "I realize that I made a mistake" -> be fully aware or cognizant of.
Let's consider "realize%2:31:01::" vs "realize%2:31:00::".
Sense 1: be fully aware or cognizant of.
Sense 2: perceive (an idea or situation) mentally.
In WordNet, "realize" meaning "become aware of" is often sense 1.
Let's check the synonyms: recognize, recognise, realise, agnize, agnise.
"realize that..." is typically sense 1.
Let's go with 1.
Wait, let's re-read carefully: "To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage..."
They are aware of the fact.
Sense 1: be fully aware or cognizant of.
I will choose 1.
Let's double check if 1 is better than 2.
Sense 1: be fully aware or cognizant of.
Sense 2: perceive (an idea or situation) mentally.
"realize that" is often "be fully aware or cognizant of".
I'll output 1.