[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: building_block
Target surface form: building blocks
Context:
Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the <t>building blocks</t> of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=building_block%1:17:00:: | definition=a single undivided natural thing occurring in the composition of something else | synonyms=unit | examples=units of nucleic acids
2. sense_key=building_block%1:06:00:: | definition=a block of material used in construction work

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "building blocks" in the context: "nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells)."
The candidate senses are:
1. sense_key=building_block%1:17:00:: | definition=a single undivided natural thing occurring in the composition of something else | synonyms=unit | examples=units of nucleic acids
2. sense_key=building_block%1:06:00:: | definition=a block of material used in construction work

The context explicitly mentions "nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells)".
Sense 1 has the example "units of nucleic acids", which perfectly matches "nucleotides" and "DNA and RNA".
Therefore, sense 1 is the best match.

Let's double check.
Sense 1: a single undivided natural thing occurring in the composition of something else.
Sense 2: a block of material used in construction work.

Clearly sense 1.
Output format: {"sense_index": 1}


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: genetic
Target surface form: genetic
Context:
Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the <t>genetic</t> material of cells). How has Alimta been studied?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=genetic%5:00:00:inheritable:00 | definition=occurring among members of a family usually by heredity | synonyms=familial, hereditary, inherited, transmitted, transmissible | examples=an inherited disease; familial traits
2. sense_key=genetic%3:01:02:: | definition=of or relating to or produced by or being a gene | synonyms=genic, genetical | examples=genic combinations; genetic code
3. sense_key=genetic%3:01:01:: | definition=pertaining to or referring to origin | examples=genetic history reconstructs the origins of a literary work
4. sense_key=genetic%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to the science of genetics | synonyms=genetical | examples=genetic research

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The target word is "genetic" in the context: "the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells".
The phrase is "genetic material".
Sense 1: occurring among members of a family usually by heredity (familial, hereditary).
Sense 2: of or relating to or produced by or being a gene (genic, genetical). Examples: genic combinations; genetic code.
Sense 3: pertaining to or referring to origin.
Sense 4: of or relating to the science of genetics.

"genetic material" refers to DNA and RNA, which are produced by or being a gene, or relating to genes.
Sense 2 fits best: "of or relating to or produced by or being a gene". "genetic material" is a standard phrase for DNA/RNA, which are genes/genetic code.
Let's double check.
"genetic material of cells" -> DNA and RNA.
Sense 2: "of or relating to or produced by or being a gene".
Yes, sense 2 is the most appropriate.
Let's review the options.
1. hereditary
2. of or relating to or produced by or being a gene
3. origin
4. science of genetics

"genetic material" = material relating to genes.
So sense 2.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Alibaba

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: material
Target surface form: material
Context:
Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic <t>material</t> of cells). How has Alimta been studied?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=material%1:27:00:: | definition=the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object | synonyms=stuff | examples=coal is a hard black material; wheat is the stuff they use to make bread
2. sense_key=material%1:10:00:: | definition=information (data or ideas or observations) that can be used or reworked into a finished form | examples=the archives provided rich material for a definitive biography
3. sense_key=material%1:06:00:: | definition=artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers | synonyms=fabric, cloth, textile | examples=the fabric in the curtains was light and semitransparent; woven cloth originated in Mesopotamia around 5000 BC
4. sense_key=material%1:06:01:: | definition=things needed for doing or making something | examples=writing materials; useful teaching materials
5. sense_key=material%1:18:00:: | definition=a person judged suitable for admission or employment | examples=he was university material; she was vice-presidential material

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "material" in the context: "the genetic material of cells".
The context talks about DNA and RNA, which are the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells.
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=material%1:27:00:: | definition=the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object | synonyms=stuff | examples=coal is a hard black material; wheat is the stuff they use to make bread
2. sense_key=material%1:10:00:: | definition=information (data or ideas or observations) that can be used or reworked into a finished form
3. sense_key=material%1:06:00:: | definition=artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers
4. sense_key=material%1:06:01:: | definition=things needed for doing or making something
5. sense_key=material%1:18:00:: | definition=a person judged suitable for admission or employment

Wait, "genetic material" refers to the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object (DNA/RNA).
Sense 1: "the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object". DNA and RNA are tangible substances that make up the genetic makeup of cells.
Let's double check if there's any other sense.
"genetic material" -> substance.
Sense 1 fits best.
Let's review the definition of sense 1: "the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object".
Yes, DNA and RNA are the tangible substance that makes up the genetic makeup of cells.
Therefore, sense 1 is the correct choice.
Let's confirm.
"the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells"
Material here means substance.
Sense 1 is the best fit.
I will return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cell
Target surface form: cells
Context:
Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of <t>cells</t>). How has Alimta been studied?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cell%1:06:03:: | definition=any small compartment | examples=the cells of a honeycomb
2. sense_key=cell%1:03:00:: | definition=(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
3. sense_key=cell%1:06:00:: | definition=a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction | synonyms=electric cell
4. sense_key=cell%1:14:00:: | definition=a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement | synonyms=cadre
5. sense_key=cell%1:06:04:: | definition=a hand-held mobile radiotelephone for use in an area divided into small sections, each with its own short-range transmitter/receiver | synonyms=cellular telephone, cellular phone, cellphone, mobile phone
6. sense_key=cell%1:06:02:: | definition=small room in which a monk or nun lives | synonyms=cubicle
7. sense_key=cell%1:06:01:: | definition=a room where a prisoner is kept | synonyms=jail cell, prison cell

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "cells" in the context: "the genetic material of cells".
The context is about biology, specifically DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells.
Sense 2: "(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals"
This perfectly matches the context.
I will return {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: study
Target surface form: studied
Context:
Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been <t>studied</t>? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=study%2:31:02:: | definition=consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning | synonyms=analyze, analyse, examine, canvass, canvas | examples=analyze a sonnet by Shakespeare; analyze the evidence in a criminal trial
2. sense_key=study%2:31:03:: | definition=be a student; follow a course of study; be enrolled at an institute of learning
3. sense_key=study%2:39:00:: | definition=give careful consideration to | synonyms=consider | examples=consider the possibility of moving
4. sense_key=study%2:31:00:: | definition=be a student of a certain subject | synonyms=learn, read, take | examples=She is reading for the bar exam
5. sense_key=study%2:31:01:: | definition=learn by reading books | synonyms=hit the books | examples=He is studying geology in his room; I have an exam next week; I must hit the books now
6. sense_key=study%2:31:04:: | definition=think intently and at length, as for spiritual purposes | synonyms=meditate, contemplate | examples=He is meditating in his study

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "studied" in the context: "How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before."
The context is about a medical drug (Alimta) being investigated, analyzed, or examined in a clinical trial (main study in 456 patients).
Sense 1: consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning (analyze, examine). This fits perfectly with conducting a clinical study or trial to analyze the drug's effects.
Sense 2: be a student.
Sense 3: give careful consideration to.
Sense 4: be a student of a certain subject.
Sense 5: learn by reading books.
Sense 6: think intently and at length.

Sense 1 is the best fit. "Alimta has been studied" means it has been analyzed/examined in a study.
Let's double check.
"analyze, analyse, examine, canvass, canvas"
"analyze the evidence in a criminal trial"
Yes, studying a drug in a clinical trial is analyzing/examining it.
Sense 1 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: treatment
Target surface form: treatment
Context:
For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the <t>treatment</t> of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=treatment%1:04:00:: | definition=care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury) | synonyms=intervention
2. sense_key=treatment%1:04:01:: | definition=the management of someone or something | synonyms=handling | examples=the handling of prisoners; the treatment of water sewage
3. sense_key=treatment%1:07:00:: | definition=a manner of dealing with something artistically | examples=his treatment of space borrows from Italian architecture
4. sense_key=treatment%1:10:00:: | definition=an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic | synonyms=discussion, discourse | examples=the book contains an excellent discussion of modal logic; his treatment of the race question is badly biased

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "treatment" in the context: "For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before."
The context is clearly medical, referring to the care provided to improve a situation, specifically medical procedures or applications intended to relieve illness or injury (malignant pleural mesothelioma).
Sense 1: care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury) | synonyms=intervention.
Sense 2: the management of someone or something.
Sense 3: a manner of dealing with something artistically.
Sense 4: an extended communication dealing with some particular topic.

Sense 1 is the best fit.
I will return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: study
Target surface form: studied
Context:
For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been <t>studied</t> in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=study%2:31:02:: | definition=consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning | synonyms=analyze, analyse, examine, canvass, canvas | examples=analyze a sonnet by Shakespeare; analyze the evidence in a criminal trial
2. sense_key=study%2:31:03:: | definition=be a student; follow a course of study; be enrolled at an institute of learning
3. sense_key=study%2:39:00:: | definition=give careful consideration to | synonyms=consider | examples=consider the possibility of moving
4. sense_key=study%2:31:00:: | definition=be a student of a certain subject | synonyms=learn, read, take | examples=She is reading for the bar exam
5. sense_key=study%2:31:01:: | definition=learn by reading books | synonyms=hit the books | examples=He is studying geology in his room; I have an exam next week; I must hit the books now
6. sense_key=study%2:31:04:: | definition=think intently and at length, as for spiritual purposes | synonyms=meditate, contemplate | examples=He is meditating in his study

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "studied" in the context: "How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone."
The context is about a medical study, where Alimta was considered in detail and subjected to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning (its effects, efficacy, etc.).
Sense 1: consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning (analyze, examine). This fits perfectly with "studied in one main study in 456 patients".
Sense 2: be a student.
Sense 3: give careful consideration to.
Sense 4: be a student of a certain subject.
Sense 5: learn by reading books.
Sense 6: think intently and at length.

Sense 1 is the best fit for conducting a scientific/medical study or analysis.
Let's double check. "Alimta has been studied in one main study..." -> analyzed, examined.
Sense 1: study%2:31:02::
I will output {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: main
Target surface form: main
Context:
For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one <t>main</t> study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=main%5:00:00:important:00 | definition=most important element | synonyms=chief, primary, principal, master | examples=the chief aim of living; the main doors were of solid glass
2. sense_key=main%3:00:02:: | definition=(of a clause) capable of standing syntactically alone as a complete sentence | synonyms=independent | examples=the main (or independent) clause in a complex sentence has at least a subject and a verb
3. sense_key=main%5:00:00:intense:00 | definition=of force; of the greatest possible intensity | examples=by main strength

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "main" in the context: "Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients..."
The word "main" modifies "study".
Sense 1: most important element (chief, primary, principal, master). Example: the main doors were of solid glass.
Sense 2: (of a clause) capable of standing syntactically alone.
Sense 3: of force; of the greatest possible intensity.

In the context, "main study" means the primary or principal study.
Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.
Let's double check.
"one main study" -> one primary study.
Sense 1: most important element.
Yes, sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: study
Target surface form: study
Context:
For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main <t>study</t> in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=study%1:04:00:: | definition=a detailed critical inspection | synonyms=survey
2. sense_key=study%1:09:03:: | definition=applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading) | synonyms=work | examples=mastering a second language requires a lot of work; no schools offer graduate study in interior design
3. sense_key=study%1:10:00:: | definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | synonyms=report, written report | examples=this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
4. sense_key=study%1:09:04:: | definition=a state of deep mental absorption | examples=she is in a deep study
5. sense_key=study%1:06:00:: | definition=a room used for reading and writing and studying | examples=he knocked lightly on the closed door of the study
6. sense_key=study%1:09:02:: | definition=a branch of knowledge | synonyms=discipline, subject, subject area, subject field, field, field of study | examples=in what discipline is his doctorate?; teachers should be well trained in their subject
7. sense_key=study%1:06:01:: | definition=preliminary drawing for later elaboration | synonyms=sketch | examples=he made several studies before starting to paint
8. sense_key=study%1:09:01:: | definition=attentive consideration and meditation | synonyms=cogitation | examples=after much cogitation he rejected the offer
9. sense_key=study%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who memorizes quickly and easily (as the lines for a part in a play) | examples=he is a quick study
10. sense_key=study%1:10:01:: | definition=a composition intended to develop one aspect of the performer's technique | examples=a study in spiccato bowing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "study" in the context: "For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before."
The context refers to a clinical trial or research investigation.
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. detailed critical inspection (survey)
2. applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject
3. a written document describing the findings of some individual or group (report, written report) - wait, is it a written document or the research itself?
Wait, if it's "one main study in 456 patients", it refers to a research project or investigation.
Let's re-read the senses.
Is there a sense for "research project" or "investigation"?
Wait, sense 3: "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group" - synonyms: report, written report.
Let's check if there's a better sense.
Wait, let's look at the WordNet senses for "study".
1. study%1:04:00:: detailed critical inspection (survey)
2. study%1:09:03:: applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (work)
3. study%1:10:00:: a written document describing the findings of some individual or group (report, written report)
4. study%1:09:04:: a state of deep mental absorption
5. study%1:06:00:: a room used for reading and writing and studying
6. study%1:09:02:: a branch of knowledge (discipline, subject)
7. study%1:06:01:: preliminary drawing for later elaboration (sketch)
8. study%1:09:01:: attentive consideration and meditation (cogitation)
9. study%1:18:00:: someone who memorizes quickly and easily
10. study%1:10:01:: a composition intended to develop one aspect of the performer's technique

Wait, "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group" (sense 3) is often used for "a study" in the sense of a research report or investigation. "one main study in 456 patients" refers to the research investigation or the report of it.
Let's see if there is another sense.
What about sense 3? "this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale"
In the context: "Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients..."
This is a research study. Sense 3 is the closest to "research study" or "investigation" among the choices, as it refers to the findings/report of the research.
Wait, let's check sense 3 again. "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group".
Is there any other sense?
No, the other senses are:
1. survey (inspection)
2. work (learning)
4. deep mental absorption
5. room
6. branch of knowledge
7. sketch
8. cogitation
9. quick study (person)
10. musical composition

Therefore, sense 3 is the only one that fits "research study" or "investigation" (as a report or document of findings).
Let's double check if "study" in "one main study in 456 patients" could be sense 3. Yes, "a study" in medical contexts often refers to the research project and its resulting report.
I will choose sense 3.
Wait, let's review sense 3: "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group".
Is there any chance it's sense 1? "a detailed critical inspection" - no.
Sense 3 is the best fit.
Let's confirm the sense index.
sense_index: 3.
Context: "Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients..."
Yes, "study" here means a research study, which aligns with sense 3 (report, written report, findings).
I will output {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: patients
Context:
For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 <t>patients</t> who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "patients" in the context of a medical study: "Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before."
The context clearly refers to people who require medical care (specifically, people with malignant pleural mesothelioma).
Sense 1: "a person who requires medical care"
Sense 2: "the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause"

Sense 1 is the correct sense.
I will return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: before
Target surface form: before
Context:
For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease <t>before</t>. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=before%4:02:03:: | definition=earlier in time; previously | synonyms=earlier | examples=I had known her before; as I said before
2. sense_key=before%4:02:01:: | definition=at or in the front | synonyms=ahead, in front | examples=I see the lights of a town ahead; the road ahead is foggy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "before".
Context: "...patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before."
This means "earlier in time; previously".
Candidate sense 1: sense_key=before%4:02:03:: | definition=earlier in time; previously | synonyms=earlier | examples=I had known her before; as I said before
Candidate sense 2: sense_key=before%4:02:01:: | definition=at or in the front | synonyms=ahead, in front | examples=I see the lights of a town ahead; the road ahead is foggy

The context clearly matches sense 1.
I will return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: effect
Target surface form: effects
Context:
How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The <t>effects</t> of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=effect%1:19:00:: | definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | synonyms=consequence, outcome, result, event, issue, upshot | examples=the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise; his decision had depressing consequences for business
2. sense_key=effect%1:07:00:: | definition=an outward appearance | synonyms=impression | examples=he made a good impression; I wanted to create an impression of success
3. sense_key=effect%1:09:00:: | definition=an impression (especially one that is artificial or contrived) | examples=he just did it for effect
4. sense_key=effect%1:10:00:: | definition=the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work | synonyms=essence, burden, core, gist
5. sense_key=effect%1:07:01:: | definition=(of a law) having legal validity | synonyms=force | examples=the law is still in effect
6. sense_key=effect%1:26:00:: | definition=a symptom caused by an illness or a drug | examples=the effects of sleep loss; the effect of the anesthetic

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "effects" in the context: "The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone."
Alimta is a cytotoxic medicine. The context discusses how it works, its active substance, and how it has been studied in patients.
The "effects" here refers to the consequences, outcomes, or results of the medicine (Alimta) in combination with cisplatin.
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=effect%1:19:00:: | definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | synonyms=consequence, outcome, result, event, issue, upshot | examples=the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise; his decision had depressing consequences for business
2. sense_key=effect%1:07:00:: | definition=an outward appearance
3. sense_key=effect%1:09:00:: | definition=an impression (especially one that is artificial or contrived)
4. sense_key=effect%1:10:00:: | definition=the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work
5. sense_key=effect%1:07:01:: | definition=(of a law) having legal validity
6. sense_key=effect%1:26:00:: | definition=a symptom caused by an illness or a drug | examples=the effects of sleep loss; the effect of the anesthetic

Wait, sense 6 is "a symptom caused by an illness or a drug". But the context says "The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone." This refers to the therapeutic effects or outcomes/results of the treatment, not necessarily just symptoms.
Let's re-read sense 1: "a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon" (consequence, outcome, result).
Is it sense 1 or sense 6?
"the effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone."
In medical contexts, "effects" of a drug can be its therapeutic outcomes or results.
Sense 1: consequence, outcome, result.
Sense 6: a symptom caused by an illness or a drug.
The context is comparing the efficacy or outcomes of the treatments. "The effects of Alimta... were compared with those of cisplatin alone." This is about the results or outcomes of the treatment.
Let's check the examples for sense 1: "his decision had depressing consequences for business".
Let's check the examples for sense 6: "the effects of sleep loss; the effect of the anesthetic".
Wait, sense 1 is "a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon".
Is "effects" in "The effects of Alimta" sense 1? Yes, the results or outcomes of the drug.
Let's consider sense 1 vs sense 6. Sense 6 is specifically "a symptom caused by an illness or a drug". But "effects" here means the overall results or outcomes of the treatment (efficacy, survival, etc.), not just symptoms.
Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit.

Let's double check.
"the effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone."
This is about the outcome or result of the treatment.
Sense 1: consequence, outcome, result.
I will choose sense 1.
Wait, let's look at the synonyms for sense 1: consequence, outcome, result, event, issue, upshot.
Yes, "results" of Alimta.
I'll output 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: compare
Target surface form: compared
Context:
How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were <t>compared</t> with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=compare%2:31:00:: | definition=examine and note the similarities or differences of | examples=John compared his haircut to his friend's; We compared notes after we had both seen the movie
2. sense_key=compare%2:42:00:: | definition=be comparable | examples=This car does not compare with our line of Mercedes
3. sense_key=compare%2:31:01:: | definition=consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous | synonyms=liken, equate | examples=We can compare the Han dynasty to the Romans; You cannot equate success in financial matters with greed
4. sense_key=compare%2:32:00:: | definition=to form the comparative or superlative form on an adjective or adverb

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "compared" in the context: "The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone."
The context is about examining and noting the similarities or differences of the effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin versus cisplatin alone.
Sense 1: examine and note the similarities or differences of. Examples: John compared his haircut to his friend's; We compared notes after we had both seen the movie.
Sense 2: be comparable.
Sense 3: consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous.
Sense 4: to form the comparative or superlative form.

In the context, the effects of Alimta + cisplatin were examined and noted for similarities or differences with those of cisplatin alone. This matches Sense 1.
Let's double check. "The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone."
This is an active examination of similarities or differences (in a clinical trial).
Sense 1 fits perfectly.
Sense 3 is "consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous" (liken, equate). The text is not saying they are analogous, but rather they were evaluated against each other to see which is better or how they differ.
Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: treatment
Target surface form: treatment
Context:
The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the <t>treatment</t> of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=treatment%1:04:00:: | definition=care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury) | synonyms=intervention
2. sense_key=treatment%1:04:01:: | definition=the management of someone or something | synonyms=handling | examples=the handling of prisoners; the treatment of water sewage
3. sense_key=treatment%1:07:00:: | definition=a manner of dealing with something artistically | examples=his treatment of space borrows from Italian architecture
4. sense_key=treatment%1:10:00:: | definition=an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic | synonyms=discussion, discourse | examples=the book contains an excellent discussion of modal logic; his treatment of the race question is badly biased

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "treatment" in the context of "For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied..." and "For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared..."
The context is clearly medical, referring to medical procedures or applications intended to relieve illness or injury (cancer).
Sense 1: care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury) | synonyms=intervention.
Sense 2: the management of someone or something | synonyms=handling.
Sense 3: a manner of dealing with something artistically.
Sense 4: an extended communication dealing with some particular topic.

Sense 1 is the best fit.
Context: "For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma..."
This is medical treatment.
Sense 1 matches perfectly.
I will return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cell
Target surface form: cell
Context:
The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small <t>cell</t> lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cell%1:06:03:: | definition=any small compartment | examples=the cells of a honeycomb
2. sense_key=cell%1:03:00:: | definition=(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
3. sense_key=cell%1:06:00:: | definition=a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction | synonyms=electric cell
4. sense_key=cell%1:14:00:: | definition=a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement | synonyms=cadre
5. sense_key=cell%1:06:04:: | definition=a hand-held mobile radiotelephone for use in an area divided into small sections, each with its own short-range transmitter/receiver | synonyms=cellular telephone, cellular phone, cellphone, mobile phone
6. sense_key=cell%1:06:02:: | definition=small room in which a monk or nun lives | synonyms=cubicle
7. sense_key=cell%1:06:01:: | definition=a room where a prisoner is kept | synonyms=jail cell, prison cell

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "cell" in the context of "non-small cell lung cancer".
The context discusses "cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells)", "genetic material of cells", and "non-small cell lung cancer".
This clearly refers to the biological sense of "cell".
Sense 2: "(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals"
This matches perfectly.
Let's double check.
"non-small cell lung cancer" -> cancer cells.
Sense 2 is the correct one.
Index is 2.
Format: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: effect
Target surface form: effects
Context:
The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the <t>effects</t> of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=effect%1:19:00:: | definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | synonyms=consequence, outcome, result, event, issue, upshot | examples=the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise; his decision had depressing consequences for business
2. sense_key=effect%1:07:00:: | definition=an outward appearance | synonyms=impression | examples=he made a good impression; I wanted to create an impression of success
3. sense_key=effect%1:09:00:: | definition=an impression (especially one that is artificial or contrived) | examples=he just did it for effect
4. sense_key=effect%1:10:00:: | definition=the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work | synonyms=essence, burden, core, gist
5. sense_key=effect%1:07:01:: | definition=(of a law) having legal validity | synonyms=force | examples=the law is still in effect
6. sense_key=effect%1:26:00:: | definition=a symptom caused by an illness or a drug | examples=the effects of sleep loss; the effect of the anesthetic

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "effects" in the context of a medical study: "The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone." and "the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel".
The context is about the results or consequences of a medicine (Alimta) in treating cancer.
Sense 1: a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon (consequence, outcome, result, event, issue, upshot).
Sense 6: a symptom caused by an illness or a drug.
Wait, "effects of Alimta" refers to the outcomes or results of the treatment, not just symptoms. "The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone." This is about the outcome or result of the treatment.
Let's check Sense 1: "a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon" -> synonyms: consequence, outcome, result.
Is it Sense 1 or Sense 6?
Sense 6: "a symptom caused by an illness or a drug" -> examples: the effects of sleep loss; the effect of the anesthetic.
But here, "effects of Alimta" means the therapeutic results or outcomes of the drug, not just side effects or symptoms. "The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone." This is comparing the outcomes/results of the treatments.
Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.

Let's double check.
"effects of Alimta" -> outcomes, results.
Synonyms for Sense 1: consequence, outcome, result.
Yes, "results" fits perfectly. "The results of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared..."

Let's review the options.
1. sense_key=effect%1:19:00:: | definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | synonyms=consequence, outcome, result, event, issue, upshot
6. sense_key=effect%1:26:00:: | definition=a symptom caused by an illness or a drug

In clinical trials, "effects" usually refers to the efficacy or outcomes (results) of the drug, not just symptoms. "The effects of Alimta ... were compared with those of docetaxel". This means the therapeutic outcomes.
So Sense 1 is the most appropriate.
I will output {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: compare
Target surface form: compared
Context:
The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were <t>compared</t> with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=compare%2:31:00:: | definition=examine and note the similarities or differences of | examples=John compared his haircut to his friend's; We compared notes after we had both seen the movie
2. sense_key=compare%2:42:00:: | definition=be comparable | examples=This car does not compare with our line of Mercedes
3. sense_key=compare%2:31:01:: | definition=consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous | synonyms=liken, equate | examples=We can compare the Han dynasty to the Romans; You cannot equate success in financial matters with greed
4. sense_key=compare%2:32:00:: | definition=to form the comparative or superlative form on an adjective or adverb

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "compared" in the context: "The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone." and "the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel".
The context is about examining and noting the similarities or differences of the effects of Alimta with those of cisplatin or docetaxel in clinical studies.
Sense 1: examine and note the similarities or differences of. Examples: John compared his haircut to his friend's; We compared notes after we had both seen the movie.
Sense 2: be comparable.
Sense 3: consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous.
Sense 4: to form the comparative or superlative form.

In clinical studies, the effects of one treatment are compared (examined and noted for similarities or differences) with those of another. This matches Sense 1.
Let's double check. "The effects of Alimta ... were compared with those of cisplatin alone." This means they examined and noted the similarities or differences of the effects.
Sense 1 is the best fit.
Sense 1 index is 1.
Wait, let's review the definition of sense 1: "examine and note the similarities or differences of".
Yes, this is exactly what is done in a clinical study when comparing the effects of two treatments.
Therefore, sense 1 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: medicine
Target surface form: medicine
Context:
The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer <t>medicine</t>) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=medicine%1:09:00:: | definition=the branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques | synonyms=medical specialty
2. sense_key=medicine%1:06:00:: | definition=(medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease | synonyms=medication, medicament, medicinal drug
3. sense_key=medicine%1:04:00:: | definition=the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries | synonyms=practice of medicine | examples=he studied medicine at Harvard
4. sense_key=medicine%1:04:02:: | definition=punishment for one's actions | synonyms=music | examples=you have to face the music; take your medicine

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "medicine" in the context: "another anticancer medicine".
The context talks about "Alimta", "pemetrexed", "cisplatin", "docetaxel", "gemcitabine", which are all drugs or medications used to treat cancer.
Sense 1: medical specialty (nonsurgical techniques)
Sense 2: something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease (medication, medicament, medicinal drug)
Sense 3: the learned profession (practice of medicine)
Sense 4: punishment (take your medicine)

The context clearly refers to a drug or medication used to treat cancer.
Therefore, Sense 2 is the best fit.
Sense index: 2.
Double check: "another anticancer medicine" -> medication.
Yes, sense 2.
Format: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: study
Target surface form: study
Context:
The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one <t>study</t> involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=study%1:04:00:: | definition=a detailed critical inspection | synonyms=survey
2. sense_key=study%1:09:03:: | definition=applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading) | synonyms=work | examples=mastering a second language requires a lot of work; no schools offer graduate study in interior design
3. sense_key=study%1:10:00:: | definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | synonyms=report, written report | examples=this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
4. sense_key=study%1:09:04:: | definition=a state of deep mental absorption | examples=she is in a deep study
5. sense_key=study%1:06:00:: | definition=a room used for reading and writing and studying | examples=he knocked lightly on the closed door of the study
6. sense_key=study%1:09:02:: | definition=a branch of knowledge | synonyms=discipline, subject, subject area, subject field, field, field of study | examples=in what discipline is his doctorate?; teachers should be well trained in their subject
7. sense_key=study%1:06:01:: | definition=preliminary drawing for later elaboration | synonyms=sketch | examples=he made several studies before starting to paint
8. sense_key=study%1:09:01:: | definition=attentive consideration and meditation | synonyms=cogitation | examples=after much cogitation he rejected the offer
9. sense_key=study%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who memorizes quickly and easily (as the lines for a part in a play) | examples=he is a quick study
10. sense_key=study%1:10:01:: | definition=a composition intended to develop one aspect of the performer's technique | examples=a study in spiccato bowing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "study" in the context: "For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one <t>study</t> involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past."
The context refers to a clinical trial or research investigation involving patients.
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. detailed critical inspection (survey)
2. applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject
3. a written document describing the findings of some individual or group (report, written report) - wait, is it a written document or the research itself? "in one study involving 571 patients" - this refers to the research project or the written report of it. Let's check other senses.
Wait, "study" as a research project or investigation. Is there a sense for "research project"?
Let's re-read the senses.
1. detailed critical inspection
2. applying the mind to learning
3. a written document describing the findings of some individual or group (report, written report)
4. a state of deep mental absorption
5. a room used for reading
6. a branch of knowledge
7. preliminary drawing
8. attentive consideration and meditation
9. someone who memorizes quickly
10. a composition intended to develop one aspect of the performer's technique

Wait, "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group" (sense 3) is the closest to a research study or clinical trial report. "in one study involving 571 patients" - this is a research study. In WordNet, "study" as a research project is often mapped to "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group" or maybe "a detailed critical inspection"? No, "study" in the sense of a research project or clinical trial is often sense 3 (report, written report) or maybe sense 1?
Let's check WordNet for "study".
study%1:10:00:: a written document describing the findings of some individual or group. Synonyms: report, written report. Example: this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale.
Is there another sense?
What about "study" as an investigation?
Wait, if it's "in one study involving 571 patients", it refers to the research project itself, which is documented. Sense 3 is "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group".
Let's consider "study" in medical contexts: "a study involving 571 patients". This is a clinical study.
Could it be sense 3? Yes, "study" meaning a research report or investigation.
Let's check if there's any other sense.
1. detailed critical inspection (survey)
2. applying the mind to learning
3. a written document describing the findings of some individual or group
4. a state of deep mental absorption
5. a room
6. a branch of knowledge
7. preliminary drawing
8. attentive consideration and meditation
9. someone who memorizes quickly
10. a composition

Sense 3 is the only one that fits "a research study" or "a clinical study" (which results in a written document/report, or is referred to as such). "in one study involving 571 patients" -> a research study.
Let's confirm sense 3. "this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale".
Yes, "study" in the context of clinical trials is typically mapped to the sense of a research report or investigation, which is sense 3 in this list.
Wait, let's re-read sense 3: "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group".
Is there any other sense? No.
Therefore, sense 3 is the best fit.
Let's double check. "in one study involving 571 patients" -> a research study.
Sense 3 is the most appropriate.
I will output {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: involve
Target surface form: involving
Context:
The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study <t>involving</t> 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=involve%2:42:01:: | definition=connect closely and often incriminatingly | synonyms=affect, regard | examples=This new ruling affects your business
2. sense_key=involve%2:42:04:: | definition=engage as a participant | examples=Don't involve me in your family affairs!
3. sense_key=involve%2:42:00:: | definition=have as a necessary feature | synonyms=imply | examples=This decision involves many changes
4. sense_key=involve%2:42:07:: | definition=require as useful, just, or proper | synonyms=necessitate, ask, postulate, need, require, take | examples=It takes nerve to do what she did; success usually requires hard work
5. sense_key=involve%2:42:02:: | definition=contain as a part | examples=Dinner at Joe's always involves at least six courses
6. sense_key=involve%2:31:00:: | definition=occupy or engage the interest of | examples=His story completely involved me during the entire afternoon
7. sense_key=involve%2:30:00:: | definition=make complex or intricate or complicated | examples=The situation was rather involved

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "involving" in the context: "in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past."
The study includes or contains 571 patients as a part of it.
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. connect closely and often incriminatingly (affect, regard)
2. engage as a participant (Don't involve me in your family affairs!)
3. have as a necessary feature (imply)
4. require as useful, just, or proper (necessitate, ask, postulate, need, require, take)
5. contain as a part (Dinner at Joe's always involves at least six courses)
6. occupy or engage the interest of
7. make complex or intricate or complicated

"involving 571 patients" means the study contains 571 patients as a part.
Sense 5: "contain as a part" - "Dinner at Joe's always involves at least six courses".
Wait, sense 2: "engage as a participant" - "Don't involve me in your family affairs!"
Does a study "engage as a participant" 571 patients? Or does it "contain as a part" 571 patients?
"in one study involving 571 patients" -> the study contains 571 patients as a part.
Let's check "involve" in WordNet.
involve%2:42:02:: contain as a part. "Dinner at Joe's always involves at least six courses"
Is it sense 5?
Let's consider "involve" meaning "include" or "contain as a part".
Yes, "a study involving 571 patients" means the study includes/contains 571 patients.
Let's check sense 5: contain as a part.
Let's check sense 2: engage as a participant. "Don't involve me in your family affairs!"
If a study involves patients, does it engage them as participants? Yes, but "involve" here is more like "include" or "contain as a part".
Wait, "involve" in "a study involving 571 patients" is often mapped to "contain as a part" or "include".
Let's search for "involve" + "patients".
"in a study involving 1,725 patients" -> the study contains 1,725 patients as a part.
Sense 5: contain as a part.
Let's double check.
"involve"
1. connect closely and often incriminatingly
2. engage as a participant
3. have as a necessary feature
4. require as useful, just, or proper
5. contain as a part
6. occupy or engage the interest of
7. make complex or intricate or complicated

"involving 571 patients" -> the study contains 571 patients as a part.
I will choose sense 5.
Wait, let's think if "involve" here means "include". "contain as a part" is the closest to "include".
"Dinner at Joe's always involves at least six courses" -> includes.
"a study involving 571 patients" -> includes 571 patients.
So sense 5 is the best fit.
Let's review sense 2: "engage as a participant". "Don't involve me in your family affairs!" This is about making someone participate. A study doesn't "engage as a participant" the patients in the same grammatical way; the study *includes* them. The patients are the participants, but the study *contains* them as a part.
Therefore, sense 5 is correct.
I'll output {"sense_index": 5}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: patients
Context:
The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 <t>patients</t> with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "patients" in the context of a medical study involving people receiving treatment for cancer (malignant pleural mesothelioma, non-small cell lung cancer).
The context mentions "456 patients who had not received chemotherapy", "571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease", "1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy".
This clearly refers to people who require medical care.
Candidate sense 1: "a person who requires medical care" (patient%1:18:00::)
Candidate sense 2: "the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause" (patient%1:10:00::)

Sense 1 is the correct sense.
I will return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: locally
Target surface form: locally
Context:
The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with <t>locally</t> advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=locally%4:02:00:: | definition=by a particular locality | examples=it was locally decided
2. sense_key=locally%4:02:01:: | definition=to a restricted area of the body | synonyms=topically | examples=apply this medicine topically

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "locally" in the context of "locally advanced or metastatic disease".
The context is medical: "patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease".
"Locally advanced" in medicine means the cancer has grown into nearby tissues or lymph nodes but has not spread to distant parts of the body.
Sense 1: by a particular locality (e.g., it was locally decided)
Sense 2: to a restricted area of the body (e.g., apply this medicine topically)

Wait, "locally advanced" means advanced in the local area of the body.
Let's check the senses of "locally".
Sense 1: by a particular locality
Sense 2: to a restricted area of the body

In "locally advanced or metastatic disease", "locally" modifies "advanced", meaning advanced in the local area (of the body).
Is it sense 2? "to a restricted area of the body".
Yes, "locally advanced" means the disease is advanced in a restricted area of the body (the local area), as opposed to metastatic (spread to distant areas).
Let's double check.
"locally advanced" -> advanced in the local area of the body.
Sense 2: "to a restricted area of the body".
Synonyms: topically.
Wait, "locally advanced" is a standard medical term. Does it mean "to a restricted area of the body"? Yes, the disease is confined to a restricted area of the body (local).
Let's see: "locally advanced" means the cancer has grown into nearby tissues.
So "locally" here means "in a restricted area of the body".
Therefore, sense 2 is the best fit.
Let's review the options.
1. by a particular locality
2. to a restricted area of the body

"locally advanced" -> advanced in a restricted area of the body.
I will choose sense 2.
Wait, let's think if "locally" in "locally advanced" means "in a particular locality" (sense 1) or "to a restricted area of the body" (sense 2).
In medical contexts, "locally" often contrasts with "systemically" or "metastatically".
"Locally advanced" means the tumor has grown into nearby structures but hasn't metastasized.
So it refers to a restricted area of the body.
Sense 2 fits perfectly.
Let's confirm the sense index.
1. sense_key=locally%4:02:00::
2. sense_key=locally%4:02:01::

I will output 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: advanced
Target surface form: advanced
Context:
The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally <t>advanced</t> or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=advanced%5:00:00:precocious:00 | definition=farther along in physical or mental development | examples=the child's skeletal age was classified as `advanced'; children in the advanced classes in elementary school read far above grade average
2. sense_key=advanced%5:00:00:late:02 | definition=comparatively late in a course of development | examples=the illness had reached an advanced stage; an advanced state of exhaustion
3. sense_key=advanced%5:00:00:progressive:01 | definition=ahead of the times | synonyms=forward-looking, innovative, modern | examples=the advanced teaching methods; had advanced views on the subject
4. sense_key=advanced%5:00:02:high:02 | definition=at a higher level in training or knowledge or skill | examples=an advanced degree; an advanced text in physics
5. sense_key=advanced%5:00:00:high-tech:00 | definition=ahead in development; complex or intricate | synonyms=sophisticated | examples=advanced technology; a sophisticated electronic control system
6. sense_key=advanced%5:00:00:late:00 | definition=far along in time | synonyms=ripe | examples=a man of advanced age; advanced in years
7. sense_key=advanced%5:00:00:civilized:00 | definition=(of societies) highly developed especially in technology or industry | examples=advanced societies; an advanced country technologically
8. sense_key=advanced%5:00:00:front:00 | definition=situated ahead or going before | synonyms=advance, in advance | examples=an advance party; at that time the most advanced outpost was still east of the Rockies

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "advanced" in the context: "patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past."
The phrase is "locally advanced or metastatic disease".
This refers to a disease (cancer) that has progressed or is comparatively late in its course of development.
Let's check the candidate senses:
1. farther along in physical or mental development (e.g., child's skeletal age)
2. comparatively late in a course of development (e.g., the illness had reached an advanced stage; an advanced state of exhaustion)
3. ahead of the times (e.g., advanced teaching methods)
4. at a higher level in training or knowledge or skill (e.g., advanced degree)
5. ahead in development; complex or intricate (e.g., advanced technology)
6. far along in time (e.g., advanced age)
7. highly developed especially in technology or industry (e.g., advanced societies)
8. situated ahead or going before (e.g., advance party)

Sense 2 fits perfectly: "comparatively late in a course of development", with the example "the illness had reached an advanced stage". "locally advanced disease" means the disease is late in its course of development (has spread locally).

Therefore, sense 2 is the best match.
Checking the exact sense index: 2.
Format: {"sense_index": 2}
Double check: "locally advanced or metastatic disease" -> advanced stage of illness. Yes, sense 2.
Context: "patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease"
Sense 2: "comparatively late in a course of development" -> "the illness had reached an advanced stage"
Matches perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: past
Target surface form: past
Context:
The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the <t>past</t>. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=past%1:28:00:: | definition=the time that has elapsed | synonyms=past times, yesteryear | examples=forget the past
2. sense_key=past%1:28:01:: | definition=a earlier period in someone's life (especially one that they have reason to keep secret) | examples=reporters dug into the candidate's past
3. sense_key=past%1:10:00:: | definition=a verb tense that expresses actions or states in the past | synonyms=past tense

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "past".
Context: "...who had received chemotherapy in the past." and "...who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past."
The word "past" here refers to the time that has elapsed, a previous time.
Sense 1: the time that has elapsed (synonyms: past times, yesteryear; examples: forget the past).
Sense 2: an earlier period in someone's life (especially one that they have reason to keep secret).
Sense 3: a verb tense that expresses actions or states in the past.

The context clearly refers to "the time that has elapsed" (Sense 1).
"received chemotherapy in the past" -> in the time that has elapsed.

Let's check the sense index.
Sense 1: sense_key=past%1:28:00::
Sense 2: sense_key=past%1:28:01::
Sense 3: sense_key=past%1:10:00::

Therefore, the best indexed sense is 1.
End of thought.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: compare
Target surface form: compared
Context:
In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also <t>compared</t> with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=compare%2:31:00:: | definition=examine and note the similarities or differences of | examples=John compared his haircut to his friend's; We compared notes after we had both seen the movie
2. sense_key=compare%2:42:00:: | definition=be comparable | examples=This car does not compare with our line of Mercedes
3. sense_key=compare%2:31:01:: | definition=consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous | synonyms=liken, equate | examples=We can compare the Han dynasty to the Romans; You cannot equate success in financial matters with greed
4. sense_key=compare%2:32:00:: | definition=to form the comparative or superlative form on an adjective or adverb

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "compared" in the context: "The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone." and "the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel" and "Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine".
The context is about examining and noting the similarities or differences of the effects of different treatments in clinical studies.
Sense 1: examine and note the similarities or differences of. Examples: John compared his haircut to his friend's; We compared notes after we had both seen the movie.
Sense 2: be comparable.
Sense 3: consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous.
Sense 4: to form the comparative or superlative form.

In clinical studies, treatments are compared to examine and note the similarities or differences of their effects (e.g., effectiveness, survival).
Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.
Let's double check. "The effects of Alimta ... were compared with those of cisplatin alone." This means they examined and noted the similarities or differences of the effects.
Sense 1 is "examine and note the similarities or differences of".
Sense 3 is "consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous" (liken, equate).
Sense 1 fits perfectly.
I will return {"sense_index": 1}.