[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: most
Target surface form: most
Context:
Where these discoveries will lead, scientists can only speculate. Already two major pharmaceutical companies, the Squibb unit of Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. and Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., are collaborating with gene hunters to turn the anticipated cascade of discoveries into predictive tests and, maybe, new therapies. Some researchers say new cancer drugs to slow or reverse tumor growth may be based on the suppressor proteins normally produced by the genes. The idea would be to administer to patients the growth-controlling proteins made by healthy versions of the damaged genes. It may even be possible to replace defective genes with healthy versions, though no one has come close to doing that so far. In any case, says Dr. Minna of the National Cancer Institute, "We're witnessing the discovery of one of the <t>most</t> important steps in the genesis of cancer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=most%4:02:00:: | definition=used to form the superlative | synonyms=to the highest degree | examples=the king cobra is the most dangerous snake
2. sense_key=most%4:02:01:: | definition=very | examples=a most welcome relief
3. sense_key=most%4:02:02:: | definition=(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but | synonyms=about, almost, nearly, near, nigh, virtually | examples=the job is (just) about done; the baby was almost asleep when the alarm sounded

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "most" in the context: "We're witnessing the discovery of one of the most important steps in the genesis of cancer."
The phrase is "most important".
"most" is used to form the superlative of the adjective "important".
Sense 1: used to form the superlative. Synonyms: to the highest degree. Example: the king cobra is the most dangerous snake.
Sense 2: very. Example: a most welcome relief.
Sense 3: (of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but. Synonyms: about, almost, nearly, near, nigh, virtually.

In "most important", it is forming the superlative.
Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit.
Let's double check. "one of the most important steps" -> superlative.
Sense 1 is correct.
JSON output: {"sense_index": 1}


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: important
Target surface form: important
Context:
Where these discoveries will lead, scientists can only speculate. Already two major pharmaceutical companies, the Squibb unit of Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. and Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., are collaborating with gene hunters to turn the anticipated cascade of discoveries into predictive tests and, maybe, new therapies. Some researchers say new cancer drugs to slow or reverse tumor growth may be based on the suppressor proteins normally produced by the genes. The idea would be to administer to patients the growth-controlling proteins made by healthy versions of the damaged genes. It may even be possible to replace defective genes with healthy versions, though no one has come close to doing that so far. In any case, says Dr. Minna of the National Cancer Institute, "We're witnessing the discovery of one of the most <t>important</t> steps in the genesis of cancer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=important%3:00:00:: | definition=of great significance or value | synonyms=of import | examples=important people; the important questions of the day
2. sense_key=important%3:00:04:: | definition=important in effect or meaning | synonyms=significant | examples=a significant change in tax laws; a significant change in the Constitution
3. sense_key=important%3:00:02:: | definition=of extreme importance; vital to the resolution of a crisis | synonyms=crucial | examples=a crucial moment in his career; a crucial election
4. sense_key=important%5:00:00:influential:00 | definition=having authority or ascendancy or influence | synonyms=authoritative | examples=an important official; the captain's authoritative manner
5. sense_key=important%5:00:00:immodest:02 | definition=having or suggesting a consciousness of high position | examples=recited the decree with an important air; took long important strides in the direction of his office

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The target word is "important" in the context: "We're witnessing the discovery of one of the most important steps in the genesis of cancer."
The context talks about a major discovery in cancer research, a step in the genesis of cancer.
Let's evaluate the candidate senses:
1. of great significance or value (important people; the important questions of the day)
2. important in effect or meaning (significant)
3. of extreme importance; vital to the resolution of a crisis (crucial)
4. having authority or ascendancy or influence (authoritative)
5. having or suggesting a consciousness of high position (immodest)

"one of the most important steps in the genesis of cancer"
Is it "crucial" (3) or "of great significance or value" (1)?
"important" here means of great significance or value.
Wait, let's look at sense 1: "of great significance or value".
Sense 3: "of extreme importance; vital to the resolution of a crisis". The context is about a step in the genesis of cancer, not necessarily a crisis resolution, but a scientific discovery.
Let's check sense 1: "of great significance or value".
"important steps" -> of great significance or value.
Let's consider sense 1 vs sense 3.
"one of the most important steps" -> "important" modifies "steps".
Sense 1: of great significance or value.
Sense 3: crucial.
Is it crucial? "vital to the resolution of a crisis". The genesis of cancer is not a crisis being resolved by the step itself, but a scientific discovery.
So sense 1 is the best fit.

Let's double check.
"important steps" -> of great significance or value.
Synonyms for 1: of import.
Examples: important people; the important questions of the day.
Sense 1 is the most general and fits "important steps".

Let's review the options.
1. sense_key=important%3:00:00:: | definition=of great significance or value
2. sense_key=important%3:00:04:: | definition=important in effect or meaning
3. sense_key=important%3:00:02:: | definition=of extreme importance; vital to the resolution of a crisis
4. sense_key=important%5:00:00:influential:00 | definition=having authority or ascendancy or influence
5. sense_key=important%5:00:00:immodest:02 | definition=having or suggesting a consciousness of high position

"important steps" -> of great significance or value.
I will choose 1.
Wait, "important" in "important steps" is often sense 1.
Let's confirm.
"important" -> of great significance or value.
Yes, 1.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Alibaba

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: step
Target surface form: steps
Context:
Where these discoveries will lead, scientists can only speculate. Already two major pharmaceutical companies, the Squibb unit of Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. and Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., are collaborating with gene hunters to turn the anticipated cascade of discoveries into predictive tests and, maybe, new therapies. Some researchers say new cancer drugs to slow or reverse tumor growth may be based on the suppressor proteins normally produced by the genes. The idea would be to administer to patients the growth-controlling proteins made by healthy versions of the damaged genes. It may even be possible to replace defective genes with healthy versions, though no one has come close to doing that so far. In any case, says Dr. Minna of the National Cancer Institute, "We're witnessing the discovery of one of the most important <t>steps</t> in the genesis of cancer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=step%1:04:02:: | definition=any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal | synonyms=measure | examples=the situation called for strong measures; the police took steps to reduce crime
2. sense_key=step%1:23:00:: | definition=the distance covered by a step | synonyms=footstep, pace, stride | examples=he stepped off ten paces from the old tree and began to dig
3. sense_key=step%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of changing location by raising the foot and setting it down | examples=he walked with unsteady steps
4. sense_key=step%1:06:00:: | definition=support consisting of a place to rest the foot while ascending or descending a stairway | synonyms=stair | examples=he paused on the bottom step
5. sense_key=step%1:26:00:: | definition=relative position in a graded series | synonyms=gradation | examples=always a step behind; subtle gradations in color
6. sense_key=step%1:23:01:: | definition=a short distance | synonyms=stone's throw | examples=it's only a step to the drugstore
7. sense_key=step%1:11:00:: | definition=the sound of a step of someone walking | synonyms=footfall, footstep | examples=he heard footsteps on the porch
8. sense_key=step%1:10:00:: | definition=a musical interval of two semitones | synonyms=tone, whole tone, whole step
9. sense_key=step%1:10:02:: | definition=a mark of a foot or shoe on a surface | synonyms=footprint, footmark | examples=the police made casts of the footprints in the soft earth outside the window
10. sense_key=step%1:06:01:: | definition=a solid block joined to the beams in which the heel of a ship's mast or capstan is fixed
11. sense_key=step%1:04:03:: | definition=a sequence of foot movements that make up a particular dance | synonyms=dance step | examples=he taught them the waltz step

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "steps" in the context: "We're witnessing the discovery of one of the most important steps in the genesis of cancer."
The context talks about discoveries, progress toward a goal (understanding cancer, developing therapies).
Sense 1: "any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal" (synonyms: measure). Examples: "the situation called for strong measures; the police took steps to reduce crime".
This perfectly matches "one of the most important steps in the genesis of cancer" (a stage or maneuver in a process/progress).
Let's double check other senses.
Sense 3: act of changing location.
Sense 5: relative position in a graded series.
Sense 1 fits best as it refers to a maneuver or action taken as part of progress toward a goal (or a stage in a process). "steps in the genesis of cancer" means stages or actions in the process.
Wait, "steps in the genesis of cancer" - is it a stage or a maneuver?
"any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal"
Let's see: "steps to reduce crime" -> "steps in the genesis of cancer".
Yes, sense 1 is the best fit.
Let's review the options.
1. sense_key=step%1:04:02:: | definition=any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal | synonyms=measure
This is the standard metaphorical use of "step" meaning a stage or action in a process.
I will choose 1.
End of thought.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: genesis
Target surface form: genesis
Context:
Where these discoveries will lead, scientists can only speculate. Already two major pharmaceutical companies, the Squibb unit of Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. and Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., are collaborating with gene hunters to turn the anticipated cascade of discoveries into predictive tests and, maybe, new therapies. Some researchers say new cancer drugs to slow or reverse tumor growth may be based on the suppressor proteins normally produced by the genes. The idea would be to administer to patients the growth-controlling proteins made by healthy versions of the damaged genes. It may even be possible to replace defective genes with healthy versions, though no one has come close to doing that so far. In any case, says Dr. Minna of the National Cancer Institute, "We're witnessing the discovery of one of the most important steps in the <t>genesis</t> of cancer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=genesis%1:11:00:: | definition=a coming into being | synonyms=generation
2. sense_key=genesis%1:10:00:: | definition=the first book of the Old Testament: tells of Creation; Adam and Eve; the Fall of Man; Cain and Abel; Noah and the flood; God's covenant with Abraham; Abraham and Isaac; Jacob and Esau; Joseph and his brothers | synonyms=Book of Genesis

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "genesis" in the context: "We're witnessing the discovery of one of the most important steps in the genesis of cancer."
The context talks about the origin, beginning, or coming into being of cancer.
Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=genesis%1:11:00:: | definition=a coming into being | synonyms=generation
2. sense_key=genesis%1:10:00:: | definition=the first book of the Old Testament...

Sense 1 fits perfectly: "a coming into being" (the genesis of cancer).
Sense 2 is the book of the Bible.

Therefore, the best indexed sense is 1.
I will return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cancer
Target surface form: cancer
Context:
Where these discoveries will lead, scientists can only speculate. Already two major pharmaceutical companies, the Squibb unit of Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. and Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., are collaborating with gene hunters to turn the anticipated cascade of discoveries into predictive tests and, maybe, new therapies. Some researchers say new cancer drugs to slow or reverse tumor growth may be based on the suppressor proteins normally produced by the genes. The idea would be to administer to patients the growth-controlling proteins made by healthy versions of the damaged genes. It may even be possible to replace defective genes with healthy versions, though no one has come close to doing that so far. In any case, says Dr. Minna of the National Cancer Institute, "We're witnessing the discovery of one of the most important steps in the genesis of <t>cancer</t>.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: | definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream | synonyms=malignant neoplastic disease
2. sense_key=cancer%1:18:00:: | definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer | synonyms=Crab
3. sense_key=cancer%1:17:00:: | definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
4. sense_key=cancer%1:15:00:: | definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22 | synonyms=Cancer the Crab, Crab
5. sense_key=cancer%1:05:00:: | definition=type genus of the family Cancridae | synonyms=genus Cancer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "cancer".
Context: "We're witnessing the discovery of one of the most important steps in the genesis of cancer."
The context discusses pharmaceutical companies, gene hunters, predictive tests, new therapies, cancer drugs, tumor growth, suppressor proteins, defective genes, and the National Cancer Institute.
This clearly refers to the disease, a malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division.
Candidate sense 1: "any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream"
This matches perfectly.
Sense index is 1.
I will return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: teach
Target surface form: teach
Context:
Why ca not we <t>teach</t> our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=teach%2:32:00:: | definition=impart skills or knowledge to | synonyms=learn, instruct | examples=I taught them French; He instructed me in building a boat
2. sense_key=teach%2:30:00:: | definition=accustom gradually to some action or attitude | examples=The child is taught to obey her parents

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "teach".
Context: "Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do."
Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=teach%2:32:00:: | definition=impart skills or knowledge to | synonyms=learn, instruct | examples=I taught them French; He instructed me in building a boat
2. sense_key=teach%2:30:00:: | definition=accustom gradually to some action or attitude | examples=The child is taught to obey her parents

In the context, "teach our children to read, write and reckon" refers to imparting skills or knowledge (reading, writing, reckoning).
This matches sense 1: "impart skills or knowledge to".
Sense 2 is about accustoming gradually to some action or attitude (like obeying parents).

Therefore, the best sense is 1.
I will return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: child
Target surface form: children
Context:
Why ca not we teach our <t>children</t> to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=child%1:18:00:: | definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
2. sense_key=child%1:18:01:: | definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=kid | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
3. sense_key=child%1:18:06:: | definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=baby | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
4. sense_key=child%1:18:07:: | definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "children" in the context: "Why ca not we teach our <t>children</t> to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do."
The context talks about teaching "our children" to read, write, and reckon. This refers to human offspring (sons or daughters) of any age, specifically the speaker's own offspring.
Sense 1: a young person of either sex.
Sense 2: a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age. Examples: "they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college".
Sense 3: an immature childish person.
Sense 4: a member of a clan or tribe.

"our children" clearly refers to offspring. Sense 2 is the best fit.
Let's double check. "teach our children to read, write and reckon" -> offspring.
Sense 2 is "a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age".
I will output {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: read
Target surface form: read
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to <t>read</t>, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=read%2:31:00:: | definition=interpret something that is written or printed | examples=read the advertisement; Have you read Salman Rushdie?
2. sense_key=read%2:42:00:: | definition=have or contain a certain wording or form | synonyms=say | examples=The passage reads as follows; What does the law say?
3. sense_key=read%2:31:01:: | definition=look at, interpret, and say out loud something that is written or printed | examples=The King will read the proclamation at noon
4. sense_key=read%2:31:06:: | definition=obtain data from magnetic tapes | synonyms=scan | examples=This dictionary can be read by the computer
5. sense_key=read%2:31:02:: | definition=interpret the significance of, as of palms, tea leaves, intestines, the sky; also of human behavior | examples=She read the sky and predicted rain; I can't read his strange behavior
6. sense_key=read%2:31:09:: | definition=interpret something in a certain way; convey a particular meaning or impression | synonyms=take | examples=I read this address as a satire; How should I take this message?
7. sense_key=read%2:31:05:: | definition=be a student of a certain subject | synonyms=learn, study, take | examples=She is reading for the bar exam
8. sense_key=read%2:32:02:: | definition=indicate a certain reading; of gauges and instruments | synonyms=register, show, record | examples=The thermometer showed thirteen degrees below zero; The gauge read `empty'
9. sense_key=read%2:36:05:: | definition=audition for a stage role by reading parts of a role | examples=He is auditioning for `Julius Caesar' at Stratford this year
10. sense_key=read%2:31:08:: | definition=to hear and understand | examples=I read you loud and clear!
11. sense_key=read%2:31:04:: | definition=make sense of a language | synonyms=understand, interpret, translate | examples=She understands French; Can you read Greek?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is: "Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do."
The target word is "read".
The context refers to teaching children to read, write, and reckon (basic literacy skills).
Sense 1: interpret something that is written or printed. (read the advertisement; Have you read Salman Rushdie?)
Sense 11: make sense of a language. (understand, interpret, translate) - She understands French; Can you read Greek?
Wait, teaching children to read, write, and reckon. This is the basic ability to interpret written or printed text.
Let's check Sense 1: "interpret something that is written or printed".
Let's check Sense 11: "make sense of a language".
Actually, teaching children to read is about interpreting written or printed text.
Is it sense 1 or sense 11?
"teach our children to read, write and reckon"
Sense 1: interpret something that is written or printed.
Sense 11: make sense of a language.
Wait, "read" in the context of literacy is usually sense 1.
Let's look at the examples for sense 1: "read the advertisement; Have you read Salman Rushdie?"
What about sense 11? "She understands French; Can you read Greek?"
"teach our children to read" -> interpret something that is written or printed.
Let's consider "read" as in literacy.
WordNet sense 1: read%2:31:00:: interpret something that is written or printed.
Is there a better sense?
"teach our children to read"
Sense 1 is the most general and common sense for "read" in the context of literacy (reading text).
Let's double check sense 1.
"interpret something that is written or printed"
Yes, this fits perfectly.
Let's review the options.
1. sense_key=read%2:31:00:: | definition=interpret something that is written or printed
11. sense_key=read%2:31:04:: | definition=make sense of a language
"read, write and reckon" -> basic literacy. Sense 1 is the standard sense for reading text.
I will choose 1.
Wait, let's think if 1 is better than 11. "read" as a general skill is sense 1.
I'll go with 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: write
Target surface form: write
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, <t>write</t> and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=write%2:36:00:: | definition=produce a literary work | synonyms=compose, pen, indite | examples=She composed a poem; He wrote four novels
2. sense_key=write%2:32:00:: | definition=communicate or express by writing | examples=Please write to me every week
3. sense_key=write%2:36:02:: | definition=have (one's written work) issued for publication | synonyms=publish | examples=How many books did Georges Simenon write?; She published 25 books during her long career
4. sense_key=write%2:32:08:: | definition=communicate (with) in writing | synonyms=drop a line | examples=Write her soon, please!
5. sense_key=write%2:32:01:: | definition=communicate by letter | examples=He wrote that he would be coming soon
6. sense_key=write%2:36:04:: | definition=write music | synonyms=compose | examples=Beethoven composed nine symphonies
7. sense_key=write%2:36:01:: | definition=mark or trace on a surface | examples=The artist wrote Chinese characters on a big piece of white paper; Russian is written with the Cyrillic alphabet
8. sense_key=write%2:32:03:: | definition=record data on a computer | synonyms=save | examples=boot-up instructions are written on the hard disk
9. sense_key=write%2:36:03:: | definition=write or name the letters that comprise the conventionally accepted form of (a word or part of a word) | synonyms=spell | examples=He spelled the word wrong in this letter
10. sense_key=write%2:36:10:: | definition=create code, write a computer program | examples=She writes code faster than anybody else

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is: "Why ca not we teach our children to read, <t>write</t> and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do."
The target word is "write".
The context talks about teaching children to read, write, and reckon (arithmetic).
This refers to the basic skill of marking or tracing letters/words on a surface, or forming letters.
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. produce a literary work
2. communicate or express by writing
3. have (one's written work) issued for publication
4. communicate (with) in writing
5. communicate by letter
6. write music
7. mark or trace on a surface (examples: The artist wrote Chinese characters on a big piece of white paper; Russian is written with the Cyrillic alphabet)
8. record data on a computer
9. write or name the letters that comprise the conventionally accepted form of (a word or part of a word) (spell)
10. create code, write a computer program

Sense 7: "mark or trace on a surface" fits the basic skill of writing (as opposed to reading and reckoning). Teaching children to read, write, and reckon. Writing here means forming letters/words, i.e., marking or tracing on a surface.
Wait, let's consider sense 7 vs sense 9. Sense 9 is "spell". Sense 7 is "mark or trace on a surface".
"teach our children to read, write and reckon"
Writing in this context is the physical act of writing, forming letters.
Sense 7: mark or trace on a surface.
Let's check WordNet for "write".
write%2:36:01:: mark or trace on a surface.
Yes, "read, write, and reckon" refers to the fundamental skills. Writing is the act of making marks on a surface to form letters/words.
Sense 7 is the best fit.
Let's double check.
"read, write, and reckon" -> basic literacy and numeracy.
Writing = mark or trace on a surface.
I will choose 7.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: reckon
Target surface form: reckon
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and <t>reckon</t>? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=reckon%2:31:02:: | definition=expect, believe, or suppose | synonyms=think, opine, suppose, imagine, guess | examples=I imagine she earned a lot of money with her new novel; I thought to find her in a bad state
2. sense_key=reckon%2:31:03:: | definition=judge to be probable | synonyms=calculate, estimate, count on, figure, forecast
3. sense_key=reckon%2:31:00:: | definition=deem to be | synonyms=see, consider, view, regard | examples=She views this quite differently from me; I consider her to be shallow
4. sense_key=reckon%2:31:01:: | definition=make a mathematical calculation or computation | synonyms=calculate, cipher, cypher, compute, work out, figure
5. sense_key=reckon%2:31:05:: | definition=have faith or confidence in | synonyms=count, bet, depend, look, calculate | examples=you can count on me to help you any time; Look to your friends for support
6. sense_key=reckon%2:31:13:: | definition=take account of | synonyms=count | examples=You have to reckon with our opponents; Count on the monsoon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "reckon" in the context: "Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and <t>reckon</t>? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do."
The context is about teaching children basic skills: reading, writing, and arithmetic/math.
"Reckon" here means to make a mathematical calculation or computation.
Let's check the candidate senses:
1. expect, believe, or suppose
2. judge to be probable
3. deem to be
4. make a mathematical calculation or computation (synonyms: calculate, cipher, cypher, compute, work out, figure)
5. have faith or confidence in
6. take account of

Sense 4 perfectly matches the context of teaching children to read, write, and do math (calculate/compute).
Therefore, the best indexed sense is 4.
I will return {"sense_index": 4}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: know
Target surface form: know
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not <t>know</t> how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=know%2:31:01:: | definition=be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about | synonyms=cognize, cognise | examples=I know that the President lied to the people; I want to know who is winning the game!
2. sense_key=know%2:31:03:: | definition=know how to do or perform something | examples=She knows how to knit; Does your husband know how to cook?
3. sense_key=know%2:31:02:: | definition=be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt | examples=I know that I left the key on the table; Galileo knew that the earth moves around the sun
4. sense_key=know%2:31:00:: | definition=be familiar or acquainted with a person or an object | examples=She doesn't know this composer; Do you know my sister?
5. sense_key=know%2:31:04:: | definition=have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations | synonyms=experience, live | examples=I know the feeling!; have you ever known hunger?
6. sense_key=know%2:31:06:: | definition=accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority | synonyms=acknowledge, recognize, recognise | examples=The Crown Prince was acknowledged as the true heir to the throne; We do not recognize your gods
7. sense_key=know%2:31:15:: | definition=have fixed in the mind | examples=I know Latin; This student knows her irregular verbs
8. sense_key=know%2:35:00:: | definition=have sexual intercourse with | synonyms=sleep together, roll in the hay, love, make out, make love, sleep with | examples=This student sleeps with everyone in her dorm; Adam knew Eve
9. sense_key=know%2:31:11:: | definition=know the nature or character of | examples=we all knew her as a big show-off
10. sense_key=know%2:31:12:: | definition=be able to distinguish, recognize as being different | examples=The child knows right from wrong
11. sense_key=know%2:31:14:: | definition=perceive as familiar | examples=I know this voice!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "know" in the context: "Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not <t>know</t> how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to."
The phrase is "know how to".
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information
2. know how to do or perform something (She knows how to knit; Does your husband know how to cook?)
3. be aware of the truth of something
4. be familiar or acquainted with a person or an object
5. have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations
6. accept (someone) to be what is claimed
7. have fixed in the mind
8. have sexual intercourse with
9. know the nature or character of
10. be able to distinguish, recognize as being different
11. perceive as familiar

The context explicitly says "know how to", which perfectly matches sense 2: "know how to do or perform something".
The examples for sense 2 are "She knows how to knit; Does your husband know how to cook?".
Therefore, sense 2 is the best match.
I will return {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: want
Target surface form: want
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not <t>want</t> to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=want%2:37:00:: | definition=feel or have a desire for; want strongly | synonyms=desire | examples=I want to go home now; I want my own room
2. sense_key=want%2:34:00:: | definition=have need of | synonyms=need, require | examples=This piano wants the attention of a competent tuner
3. sense_key=want%2:35:00:: | definition=hunt or look for; want for a particular reason | examples=Your former neighbor is wanted by the FBI; Uncle Sam wants you
4. sense_key=want%2:31:01:: | definition=wish or demand the presence of | examples=I want you here at noon!
5. sense_key=want%2:42:01:: | definition=be without, lack; be deficient in | examples=want courtesy; want the strength to go on living

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "want" in the context: "It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs..."
The context implies a desire or wish to do something (teach children to read, write, and reckon).
Sense 1: feel or have a desire for; want strongly. Synonyms: desire. Examples: I want to go home now.
Sense 2: have need of.
Sense 3: hunt or look for.
Sense 4: wish or demand the presence of.
Sense 5: be without, lack.

The context "we do not want to" clearly aligns with Sense 1: feel or have a desire for.
I will return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: reason
Target surface form: reason
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the <t>reason</t> we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=reason%1:16:00:: | definition=a rational motive for a belief or action | synonyms=ground | examples=the reason that war was declared; the grounds for their declaration
2. sense_key=reason%1:10:01:: | definition=an explanation of the cause of some phenomenon | examples=the reason a steady state was never reached was that the back pressure built up too slowly
3. sense_key=reason%1:09:00:: | definition=the capacity for rational thought or inference or discrimination | synonyms=understanding, intellect | examples=we are told that man is endowed with reason and capable of distinguishing good from evil
4. sense_key=reason%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of having good sense and sound judgment | synonyms=rationality, reasonableness | examples=his rationality may have been impaired; he had to rely less on reason than on rousing their emotions
5. sense_key=reason%1:10:00:: | definition=a justification for something existing or happening | synonyms=cause, grounds | examples=he had no cause to complain; they had good reason to rejoice
6. sense_key=reason%1:09:01:: | definition=a fact that logically justifies some premise or conclusion | examples=there is reason to believe he is lying

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "reason" in the given context.
Context: "Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs..."
The word "reason" here means the cause or explanation for why we do not want to teach our children.
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=reason%1:16:00:: | definition=a rational motive for a belief or action | synonyms=ground | examples=the reason that war was declared; the grounds for their declaration
2. sense_key=reason%1:10:01:: | definition=an explanation of the cause of some phenomenon | examples=the reason a steady state was never reached was that the back pressure built up too slowly
3. sense_key=reason%1:09:00:: | definition=the capacity for rational thought or inference or discrimination
4. sense_key=reason%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of having good sense and sound judgment
5. sense_key=reason%1:10:00:: | definition=a justification for something existing or happening | synonyms=cause, grounds | examples=he had no cause to complain; they had good reason to rejoice
6. sense_key=reason%1:09:01:: | definition=a fact that logically justifies some premise or conclusion

Wait, "the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish..."
This is an explanation of the cause of some phenomenon (why we do not want to).
Let's check sense 2: "an explanation of the cause of some phenomenon" -> "the reason a steady state was never reached was that the back pressure built up too slowly". This matches "the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish..." perfectly.
Let's check sense 1: "a rational motive for a belief or action". "the reason that war was declared".
Let's check sense 5: "a justification for something existing or happening". "he had no cause to complain".

In the context, "the reason we do not want to is that..." is explaining the cause of the phenomenon (not wanting to teach).
Sense 2: "an explanation of the cause of some phenomenon"
Example: "the reason a steady state was never reached was that the back pressure built up too slowly"
Context: "the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish..."
This is a very close match to sense 2.

Let's look at sense 1: "a rational motive for a belief or action". Is it a rational motive? The text says "It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs..." This is explaining the cause of the phenomenon (not wanting to).

Let's look at sense 2 again. "an explanation of the cause of some phenomenon".
"the reason we do not want to is that..." -> "the reason [phenomenon] was that [cause]".
This perfectly aligns with sense 2.

Let's double check sense 1 vs sense 2.
Sense 1: "a rational motive for a belief or action"
Sense 2: "an explanation of the cause of some phenomenon"
The sentence says: "And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs..."
This is an explanation of the cause of the phenomenon (not wanting to teach).
Therefore, sense 2 is the best fit.

Let's review the options.
1. rational motive
2. explanation of the cause of some phenomenon
5. justification for something existing or happening

"the reason we do not want to is that..." -> explanation of the cause.
I will choose 2.
Wait, let's consider sense 1. "the reason that war was declared".
"the reason we do not want to" -> "the reason [action]".
But "is that effective education would require us to relinquish..." is an explanation of the cause.
In WordNet, "reason" as "an explanation of the cause of some phenomenon" has the example "the reason a steady state was never reached was that the back pressure built up too slowly".
The structure "the reason X was that Y" is exactly the same as "the reason we do not want to is that Y".
So sense 2 is definitely the intended sense.
Let's confirm.
"the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs"
Matches "the reason a steady state was never reached was that the back pressure built up too slowly".
Yes, sense 2.
I will output {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: want
Target surface form: want
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not <t>want</t> to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=want%2:37:00:: | definition=feel or have a desire for; want strongly | synonyms=desire | examples=I want to go home now; I want my own room
2. sense_key=want%2:34:00:: | definition=have need of | synonyms=need, require | examples=This piano wants the attention of a competent tuner
3. sense_key=want%2:35:00:: | definition=hunt or look for; want for a particular reason | examples=Your former neighbor is wanted by the FBI; Uncle Sam wants you
4. sense_key=want%2:31:01:: | definition=wish or demand the presence of | examples=I want you here at noon!
5. sense_key=want%2:42:01:: | definition=be without, lack; be deficient in | examples=want courtesy; want the strength to go on living

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "want" in the context: "It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs..."
The context is about having a desire or not having a desire to do something (teach children to read, write, and reckon).
Sense 1: feel or have a desire for; want strongly. Synonyms: desire. Examples: I want to go home now.
Sense 2: have need of.
Sense 3: hunt or look for.
Sense 4: wish or demand the presence of.
Sense 5: be without, lack.

The context clearly matches Sense 1: "feel or have a desire for". "we do not want to" means "we do not desire to".

Let's check the examples: "I want to go home now" matches "we do not want to [teach our children...]".
Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: effective
Target surface form: effective
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that <t>effective</t> education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=effective%3:00:00:: | definition=producing or capable of producing an intended result or having a striking effect; -LewisMumford | synonyms=effectual, efficacious | examples=an air-cooled motor was more effective than a witch's broomstick for rapid long-distance transportation; effective teaching methods
2. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:competent:00 | definition=able to accomplish a purpose; functioning effectively; -G.B.Shaw | synonyms=efficient | examples=people who will do nothing unless they get something out of it for themselves are often highly effective persons...; effective personnel
3. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:efficacious:00 | definition=works well as a means or remedy | examples=an effective reprimand; a lotion that is effective in cases of prickly heat
4. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:operative:00 | definition=exerting force or influence | synonyms=good, in effect, in force | examples=the law is effective immediately; a warranty good for two years
5. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:actual:00 | definition=existing in fact; not theoretical; real | examples=a decline in the effective demand; confused increased equipment and expenditure with the quantity of effective work done
6. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:operational:00 | definition=ready for service | examples=the fort was held by about 100 effective soldiers

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "effective" in the context: "And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs..."
The phrase is "effective education".
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. producing or capable of producing an intended result or having a striking effect. Examples: "effective teaching methods".
2. able to accomplish a purpose; functioning effectively. Examples: "effective personnel".
3. works well as a means or remedy. Examples: "an effective reprimand".
4. exerting force or influence. Examples: "the law is effective immediately".
5. existing in fact; not theoretical; real. Examples: "a decline in the effective demand".
6. ready for service. Examples: "effective soldiers".

"effective education" aligns perfectly with sense 1: "producing or capable of producing an intended result or having a striking effect", and the example "effective teaching methods" is very close to "effective education".

Let's check sense 1:
sense_key=effective%3:00:00::
definition=producing or capable of producing an intended result or having a striking effect; -LewisMumford
synonyms=effectual, efficacious
examples=an air-cooled motor was more effective than a witch's broomstick for rapid long-distance transportation; effective teaching methods

Yes, "effective education" is analogous to "effective teaching methods".

Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit.
Double check:
"effective education" -> education that produces the intended result (teaching children to read, write, and reckon).
Sense 1 is the most appropriate.
I will return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: education
Target surface form: education
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective <t>education</t> would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=education%1:04:00:: | definition=the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill | synonyms=instruction, teaching, pedagogy, didactics, educational activity | examples=he received no formal education; our instruction was carefully programmed
2. sense_key=education%1:09:00:: | definition=knowledge acquired by learning and instruction | examples=it was clear that he had a very broad education
3. sense_key=education%1:09:01:: | definition=the gradual process of acquiring knowledge | examples=education is a preparation for life; a girl's education was less important than a boy's
4. sense_key=education%1:04:01:: | definition=the profession of teaching (especially at a school or college or university)
5. sense_key=education%1:07:01:: | definition=the result of good upbringing (especially knowledge of correct social behavior) | synonyms=training, breeding | examples=a woman of breeding and refinement
6. sense_key=education%1:14:00:: | definition=the United States federal department that administers all federal programs dealing with education (including federal aid to educational institutions and students); created 1979 | synonyms=Department of Education, Education Department

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "education" in the context: "Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective <t>education</t> would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests."

The context talks about teaching children to read, write, and reckon. It mentions "effective education" as something that requires relinquishing beliefs.
Sense 1: the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill. Synonyms: instruction, teaching, pedagogy, didactics, educational activity.
Sense 2: knowledge acquired by learning and instruction.
Sense 3: the gradual process of acquiring knowledge.
Sense 4: the profession of teaching.
Sense 5: the result of good upbringing.
Sense 6: the United States federal department.

"effective education" here refers to the activities of educating or instructing, the process of teaching children to read, write, and reckon.
Wait, let's look at Sense 1: "the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill".
Is it Sense 1 or Sense 3?
"effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs" -> the act of educating or instructing.
Let's check the examples for Sense 1: "he received no formal education; our instruction was carefully programmed".
"effective education" -> the activity of educating.
Let's consider Sense 1. "the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill"
Synonyms: instruction, teaching, pedagogy, didactics, educational activity.
Context: "teach our children to read, write and reckon... effective education would require us to relinquish..."
This aligns perfectly with Sense 1 (instruction, teaching).

Let's double check Sense 1 vs Sense 3.
Sense 3: "the gradual process of acquiring knowledge" -> "education is a preparation for life; a girl's education was less important than a boy's".
Sense 1: "the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill" -> "he received no formal education; our instruction was carefully programmed".
The context says "teach our children... effective education would require us to relinquish...". The focus is on the activity of teaching/educating (what *we* do to children), not just the process of acquiring knowledge. "we do not want to [teach them]... effective education would require us to relinquish..."
So Sense 1 is the best fit.
Let's review the options.
1. sense_key=education%1:04:00:: | definition=the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill
Yes, "effective education" = effective teaching/instruction.
I will choose 1.
End of thought.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: require
Target surface form: require
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would <t>require</t> us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=require%2:42:00:: | definition=require as useful, just, or proper | synonyms=necessitate, ask, postulate, need, take, involve | examples=It takes nerve to do what she did; success usually requires hard work
2. sense_key=require%2:32:01:: | definition=consider obligatory; request and expect | synonyms=ask, expect | examples=We require our secretary to be on time; Aren't we asking too much of these children?
3. sense_key=require%2:32:00:: | definition=make someone do something | synonyms=command
4. sense_key=require%2:34:00:: | definition=have need of | synonyms=want, need | examples=This piano wants the attention of a competent tuner

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "require".
Context: "effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs..."
Meaning: effective education would make it necessary for us to relinquish...
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. require as useful, just, or proper (necessitate, ask, postulate, need, take, involve). Example: success usually requires hard work.
2. consider obligatory; request and expect (ask, expect). Example: We require our secretary to be on time.
3. make someone do something (command).
4. have need of (want, need). Example: This piano wants the attention of a competent tuner.

In the context, "effective education would require us to relinquish..." means it would necessitate or involve us relinquishing. It's not a command or a request/expectation from an authority, but rather a logical necessity or condition.
Sense 1: "require as useful, just, or proper" -> necessitate, involve. "success usually requires hard work". "effective education would require us to relinquish..." fits "necessitate" or "involve".
Let's double check sense 1 vs sense 2.
Sense 2 is "consider obligatory; request and expect". "We require our secretary to be on time". This implies an agent requiring something of someone.
In the context, "effective education" is the subject. It's not an agent making a request, but a situation that necessitates an action. "necessitate" is a synonym for sense 1.
Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit.

Let's review the synonyms for sense 1: necessitate, ask, postulate, need, take, involve.
"effective education would necessitate us to relinquish..." (or "involve us relinquishing").
Yes, sense 1 is the correct one.
Context: "effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs"
This is a condition of effective education. It necessitates it.
Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: relinquish
Target surface form: relinquish
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to <t>relinquish</t> some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=relinquish%2:40:01:: | definition=part with a possession or right | synonyms=release, resign, free, give up | examples=I am relinquishing my bedroom to the long-term house guest; resign a claim to the throne
2. sense_key=relinquish%2:41:00:: | definition=do without or cease to hold or adhere to | synonyms=waive, forgo, forego, foreswear, dispense with | examples=We are dispensing with formalities; relinquish the old ideas
3. sense_key=relinquish%2:40:00:: | definition=turn away from; give up | synonyms=foreswear, renounce, quit | examples=I am foreswearing women forever
4. sense_key=relinquish%2:35:02:: | definition=release, as from one's grip | synonyms=let go of, let go, release | examples=Let go of the door handle, please!; relinquish your grip on the rope--you won't fall

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "relinquish".
Context: "effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular"
The object of "relinquish" is "cherished metaphysical beliefs".
Sense 1: part with a possession or right (release, resign, free, give up) - e.g., relinquishing my bedroom, resign a claim.
Sense 2: do without or cease to hold or adhere to (waive, forgo, forego, foreswear, dispense with) - e.g., relinquish the old ideas.
Sense 3: turn away from; give up (foreswear, renounce, quit) - e.g., foreswearing women forever.
Sense 4: release, as from one's grip (let go of, let go, release) - e.g., relinquish your grip on the rope.

"relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs" matches "cease to hold or adhere to" or "relinquish the old ideas" (Sense 2).
Let's check Sense 2: "do without or cease to hold or adhere to". Synonyms: waive, forgo, forego, foreswear, dispense with. Example: "relinquish the old ideas".
This perfectly matches "relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs".

Sense 1 is about possession or right.
Sense 3 is about turning away from, renouncing (often a practice or person).
Sense 4 is physical grip.

Therefore, Sense 2 is the best fit.
Let's double check.
"relinquish the old ideas" is literally the example for Sense 2.
"relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs" is very similar to "relinquish the old ideas".
So sense_index is 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: belief
Target surface form: beliefs
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical <t>beliefs</t> about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=belief%1:09:00:: | definition=any cognitive content held as true
2. sense_key=belief%1:09:01:: | definition=a vague idea in which some confidence is placed | synonyms=impression, feeling, notion, opinion | examples=his impression of her was favorable; what are your feelings about the crisis?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "beliefs" (lemma: belief).
Context: "...relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular... These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment..."
Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=belief%1:09:00:: | definition=any cognitive content held as true
2. sense_key=belief%1:09:01:: | definition=a vague idea in which some confidence is placed | synonyms=impression, feeling, notion, opinion

In the context, "metaphysical beliefs about human nature" refers to cognitive content held as true, not just a vague idea or impression. "Beliefs" here are strong convictions or doctrines (metaphysical beliefs).
Sense 1 is "any cognitive content held as true".
Sense 2 is "a vague idea in which some confidence is placed".
"Metaphysical beliefs" are definitely cognitive content held as true, rather than vague ideas.
Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit.
Let's double check.
"cherished metaphysical beliefs" -> strong convictions, cognitive content held as true.
Sense 1 fits perfectly.
Sense 2 is more like "impression, feeling, notion".
I will output {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: young
Target surface form: young
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of <t>young</t> people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=young%3:00:00:: | definition=(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth | synonyms=immature | examples=young people
2. sense_key=young%5:00:00:early:02 | definition=(of crops) harvested at an early stage of development; before complete maturity | synonyms=new | examples=new potatoes; young corn
3. sense_key=young%5:00:01:young:00 | definition=suggestive of youth; vigorous and fresh | synonyms=youthful, vernal | examples=he is young for his age
4. sense_key=young%5:00:00:new:00 | definition=being in its early stage | examples=a young industry; the day is still young
5. sense_key=young%5:00:00:inexperienced:00 | definition=not tried or tested by experience | synonyms=unseasoned, untested, untried | examples=unseasoned artillery volunteers; still untested in battle

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "young" in the context: "the human nature of young people in particular".
The phrase is "young people".
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=young%3:00:00:: | definition=(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth | synonyms=immature | examples=young people
2. sense_key=young%5:00:00:early:02 | definition=(of crops) harvested at an early stage of development; before complete maturity | synonyms=new | examples=new potatoes; young corn
3. sense_key=young%5:00:01:young:00 | definition=suggestive of youth; vigorous and fresh | synonyms=youthful, vernal | examples=he is young for his age
4. sense_key=young%5:00:00:new:00 | definition=being in its early stage | examples=a young industry; the day is still young
5. sense_key=young%5:00:00:inexperienced:00 | definition=not tried or tested by experience | synonyms=unseasoned, untested, untried | examples=unseasoned artillery volunteers; still untested in battle

The context is "young people". Sense 1 explicitly has the example "young people" and the definition "(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth".
Therefore, sense 1 is the best match.
I will return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: people
Target surface form: people
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young <t>people</t> in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=people%1:14:00:: | definition=(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively | examples=old people; there were at least 200 people in the audience
2. sense_key=people%1:14:01:: | definition=the body of citizens of a state or country | synonyms=citizenry | examples=the Spanish people
3. sense_key=people%1:14:02:: | definition=members of a family line | examples=his people have been farmers for generations; are your people still alive?
4. sense_key=people%1:14:03:: | definition=the common people generally | synonyms=multitude, masses, mass, hoi polloi, the great unwashed | examples=separate the warriors from the mass; power to the people

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "people" in the context: "Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young <t>people</t> in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests."

The phrase is "young people".
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. (plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively. Examples: old people; there were at least 200 people in the audience.
2. the body of citizens of a state or country.
3. members of a family line.
4. the common people generally.

"Young people" fits sense 1 perfectly, as it refers to a group of human beings (children/youth) collectively. The example "old people" is a direct parallel to "young people".

Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit.
Double check:
Sense 1: people%1:14:00::
Definition: (plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively
Examples: old people; there were at least 200 people in the audience

Matches "young people".
I will output {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: violate
Target surface form: violate
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to <t>violate</t> some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=violate%2:42:00:: | definition=fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns | synonyms=go against, break | examples=This sentence violates the rules of syntax
2. sense_key=violate%2:41:00:: | definition=act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises | synonyms=transgress, offend, infract, go against, breach, break | examples=offend all laws of humanity; violate the basic laws or human civilization
3. sense_key=violate%2:35:00:: | definition=destroy | examples=Don't violate my garden; violate my privacy
4. sense_key=violate%2:41:02:: | definition=violate the sacred character of a place or language | synonyms=desecrate, profane, outrage | examples=desecrate a cemetery; violate the sanctity of the church
5. sense_key=violate%2:41:01:: | definition=force (someone) to have sex against their will | synonyms=rape, ravish, assault, dishonor, dishonour, outrage | examples=The woman was raped on her way home at night
6. sense_key=violate%2:35:01:: | definition=destroy and strip of its possession | synonyms=rape, spoil, despoil, plunder | examples=The soldiers raped the beautiful country

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "violate".
Context: "...effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests."
The word "violate" here means to act in disregard of, or to go against, or to infringe upon, or to break (vested interests).
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns (go against, break)
2. act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises (transgress, offend, infract, go against, breach, break)
3. destroy (Don't violate my garden; violate my privacy)
4. violate the sacred character of a place or language (desecrate, profane, outrage)
5. force (someone) to have sex against their will (rape, ravish, assault, dishonor, dishonour, outrage)
6. destroy and strip of its possession (rape, spoil, despoil, plunder)

Wait, "violate some cherished vested interests".
Does it mean "act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises"? Or "fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns"?
Let's check the examples for sense 2: "offend all laws of humanity; violate the basic laws or human civilization".
Wait, sense 2 is "act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises".
Sense 1 is "fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns".
Is there a better fit?
"violate some cherished vested interests" -> to go against, to infringe upon, to break.
Let's consider "violate" in the sense of "infringe upon" or "go against".
Sense 2: "act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises" -> synonyms: transgress, offend, infract, go against, breach, break.
Sense 1: "fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns" -> synonyms: go against, break. Example: "This sentence violates the rules of syntax".
Wait, "violate some cherished vested interests" means to go against or infringe upon them.
Let's look at sense 2: "act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises".
Is "vested interests" a rule, contract, or promise? Not exactly.
What about sense 1? "fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns".
Wait, maybe sense 2 is the best because it's about acting in disregard of something established.
Let's re-read the context: "relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs... as well as to violate some cherished vested interests."
To violate vested interests means to go against them, to infringe upon them, to break them.
Let's check WordNet for "violate".
violate v
1. fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns ("This sentence violates the rules of syntax")
2. act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises ("offend all laws of humanity"; "violate the basic laws or human civilization")
3. destroy ("Don't violate my garden"; "violate my privacy")
4. violate the sacred character of a place or language ("desecrate a cemetery"; "violate the sanctity of the church")
5. force (someone) to have sex against their will ("The woman was raped on her way home at night")
6. destroy and strip of its possession ("The soldiers raped the beautiful country")

Wait, "violate my privacy" is sense 3. "violate some cherished vested interests" - is it sense 2 or sense 1?
"violate" in the sense of "infringe upon" or "go against".
"act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises" -> sense 2.
"fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns" -> sense 1.
Actually, "violate" meaning "infringe upon" or "go against" is often sense 2.
Let's look at the synonyms for sense 2: transgress, offend, infract, go against, breach, break.
Synonyms for sense 1: go against, break.
"violate some cherished vested interests" -> to go against them.
Is it sense 2? "act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises". Vested interests are not necessarily laws, rules, contracts, or promises.
What about sense 1? "fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns".
Wait, could it be sense 2? "violate the basic laws or human civilization".
Let's search for "violate vested interests".
"violate" here means to go against, to infringe upon.
In WordNet, "violate" has:
1. fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns
2. act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises
3. destroy
4. violate the sacred character of a place or language
5. force (someone) to have sex against their will
6. destroy and strip of its possession

If I have to choose between 1 and 2, "violate some cherished vested interests" is closer to "act in disregard of" or "go against".
Wait, "violate" in the sense of "infringe upon" is often mapped to sense 2.
Let's consider "violate" + "interests".
"violate" = "go against".
Sense 2 has "go against" as a synonym. Sense 1 also has "go against".
But sense 2 is "act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises".
Sense 1 is "fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns".
"Vested interests" are not rules or patterns. They are more like rights or claims.
Wait, "violate" can mean "infringe upon" (e.g., violate someone's rights).
Is "violate rights" sense 2? Yes, "act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises" covers rights/interests.
Let's check if there is a better sense.
"violate" (infringe upon) -> sense 2.
Let's choose sense 2.
Wait, let's re-read sense 2: "act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises".
Is "vested interests" a rule, contract, or promise? Maybe not strictly, but it's the closest.
What about sense 1? "fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns".
"violate some cherished vested interests" -> to go against them.
I will guess sense 2.
Let's reconsider sense 2 vs sense 1.
"violate the basic laws or human civilization" (sense 2).
"violate the rules of syntax" (sense 1).
"violate some cherished vested interests" -> this is an action of going against or infringing upon.
I'll go with 2.
Wait, "violate" in the sense of "infringe upon" is often sense 2.
Let's check the examples for sense 2: "offend all laws of humanity; violate the basic laws or human civilization".
"violate some cherished vested interests" is similar to "violate the basic laws".
I will output 2.
Let's double check if "violate" can be sense 1. "fail to agree with" - no, you don't "fail to agree with" vested interests, you "act in disregard of" them or "go against" them.
So sense 2 is better.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: belief
Target surface form: beliefs
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These <t>beliefs</t> so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=belief%1:09:00:: | definition=any cognitive content held as true
2. sense_key=belief%1:09:01:: | definition=a vague idea in which some confidence is placed | synonyms=impression, feeling, notion, opinion | examples=his impression of her was favorable; what are your feelings about the crisis?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "beliefs" in the context: "And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment..."
The candidate senses are:
1. sense_key=belief%1:09:00:: | definition=any cognitive content held as true
2. sense_key=belief%1:09:01:: | definition=a vague idea in which some confidence is placed | synonyms=impression, feeling, notion, opinion

In the context, "metaphysical beliefs about human nature" refers to cognitive content held as true, not just a vague idea or impression. "Cherished metaphysical beliefs" are strong convictions or cognitive contents held as true.
Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit.
Let's double check.
Sense 1: any cognitive content held as true.
Sense 2: a vague idea in which some confidence is placed.
"metaphysical beliefs" are definitely cognitive content held as true, not vague ideas.
So sense 1.
I will return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: so
Target surface form: so
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs <t>so</t> dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=so%4:02:02:: | definition=to a very great extent or degree | examples=the idea is so obvious; never been so happy
2. sense_key=so%4:02:06:: | definition=in a manner that facilitates | examples=he observed the snakes so he could describe their behavior; he stooped down so he could pick up his hat
3. sense_key=so%4:02:05:: | definition=in such a condition or manner, especially as expressed or implied | examples=They're happy and I hope they will remain so; so live your life that old age will bring no regrets
4. sense_key=so%4:02:07:: | definition=to a certain unspecified extent or degree | examples=I can only go so far with this student; can do only so much in a day
5. sense_key=so%4:02:08:: | definition=in the same way; also | examples=I was offended and so was he; worked hard and so did she
6. sense_key=so%4:02:04:: | definition=in the way indicated; ; ; (`thusly' is a nonstandard variant) | synonyms=thus, thusly | examples=hold the brush so; set up the pieces thus
7. sense_key=so%4:02:03:: | definition=(usually followed by `that') to an extent or degree as expressed | examples=he was so tired he could hardly stand; so dirty that it smells
8. sense_key=so%4:02:09:: | definition=subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors) | synonyms=then, and so, and then | examples=then he left; go left first, then right
9. sense_key=so%4:02:10:: | definition=(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result | synonyms=therefore, hence, thence, thus | examples=therefore X must be true; the eggs were fresh and hence satisfactory
10. sense_key=so%4:02:00:: | definition=in truth (often tends to intensify) | synonyms=indeed | examples=they said the car would break down and indeed it did; it is very cold indeed

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "so" in the context: "These beliefs <t>so</t> dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."
The structure is "so [verb] ... that ...".
This matches sense 7: "(usually followed by `that') to an extent or degree as expressed | examples=he was so tired he could hardly stand; so dirty that it smells".
Let's double check.
"so dominate ... that it seems almost blasphemous"
Sense 7 is exactly this: "(usually followed by `that') to an extent or degree as expressed".
Sense 1 is "to a very great extent or degree" but doesn't mention "that".
Sense 7 is the best fit.
Index: 7.
Checking the format: {"sense_index": 7}.
Done.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: educational
Target surface form: educational
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our <t>educational</t> establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=educational%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to the process of education | examples=educational psychology
2. sense_key=educational%5:00:00:instructive:00 | definition=providing knowledge | examples=an educational film

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "educational" in the context: "These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."
The phrase is "educational establishment".
Sense 1: relating to the process of education (e.g., educational psychology)
Sense 2: providing knowledge (e.g., an educational film)

"educational establishment" refers to the institutions and systems relating to the process of education.
Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.
Let's double check.
Sense 1: relating to the process of education.
Sense 2: providing knowledge.
"educational establishment" -> relating to the process of education.
So sense_index = 1.
End of thought.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: establishment
Target surface form: establishment
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational <t>establishment</t>, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=establishment%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of forming or establishing something | synonyms=constitution, formation, organization, organisation | examples=the constitution of a PTA group last year; it was the establishment of his reputation
2. sense_key=establishment%1:14:00:: | definition=an organization founded and united for a specific purpose | synonyms=institution
3. sense_key=establishment%1:14:02:: | definition=the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something | synonyms=administration, governance, governing body, brass, organization, organisation | examples=he claims that the present administration is corrupt; the governance of an association is responsible to its members
4. sense_key=establishment%1:06:00:: | definition=a public or private structure (business or governmental or educational) including buildings and equipment for business or residence
5. sense_key=establishment%1:14:01:: | definition=any large organization
6. sense_key=establishment%1:22:00:: | definition=(ecology) the process by which a plant or animal becomes established in a new habitat | synonyms=ecesis
7. sense_key=establishment%1:09:00:: | definition=the cognitive process of establishing a valid proof | synonyms=validation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "establishment" in the context: "These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."
The phrase is "educational establishment".
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. the act of forming or establishing something
2. an organization founded and united for a specific purpose (institution)
3. the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something (administration, governance, governing body, brass, organization, organisation)
4. a public or private structure (business or governmental or educational) including buildings and equipment for business or residence
5. any large organization
6. (ecology) the process by which a plant or animal becomes established in a new habitat
7. the cognitive process of establishing a valid proof

Wait, "educational establishment" refers to the people or the body of people/organizations that make up the educational system.
Sense 3: "the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something" - synonyms: administration, governance, governing body, brass, organization, organisation.
Sense 5: "any large organization"
Sense 2: "an organization founded and united for a specific purpose"

Let's read the context again: "These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents..."
Here, "establishment" refers to the people or the collective body of people/organizations in charge of education.
Wait, "the establishment" often refers to the people in power or the governing body.
Sense 3: "the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something"
Is it sense 3?
Let's check WordNet for "establishment".
Sense 3: "the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something" -> "the establishment"
Wait, "educational establishment" could be sense 3.
Let's consider sense 3 vs sense 5.
Sense 3: "the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something"
Synonyms: administration, governance, governing body, brass, organization, organisation.
Examples: "he claims that the present administration is corrupt; the governance of an association is responsible to its members"
In the context, "educational establishment" is parallel to "our media, our politicians, and even our parents". These are groups of people or bodies.
Therefore, sense 3 fits best.

Let's double check sense 3.
"the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something"
Yes, "the educational establishment" refers to the people and organizations that administer education.

Let's review the options.
1. act of forming
2. an organization founded and united for a specific purpose (institution)
3. the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something
4. a public or private structure
5. any large organization
6. ecology
7. cognitive process

"educational establishment" is a collective term for the people and institutions that run the education system. Sense 3 captures the "persons or committees or departments" aspect, which aligns with "our media, our politicians, and even our parents" (all groups of people or bodies).

Let's confirm if "establishment" in "educational establishment" is sense 3.
Yes, "the establishment" meaning the people in power or the administrative body.
I will choose 3.
Wait, let's look at sense 3 again. "the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something".
Is there any chance it's sense 5? "any large organization". No, "establishment" in this context is more about the governing/administering body or the collective of people/institutions.
Sense 3 is the best fit.
Another option: sense 2 "an organization founded and united for a specific purpose". But "educational establishment" is not a single organization, it's the collective body.
Sense 3 is "the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something". This perfectly matches "the educational establishment" as the collective administrative body of education.
I'll go with 3.