[User]
Which numbered sense of "say" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The scientists <t>say</t> that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of certain families, the gene, when inherited in a damaged form, may predispose women to the cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=express in words | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her
2. definition=report or maintain | examples=He alleged that he was the victim of a crime
3. definition=express a supposition | examples=Let us say that he did not tell the truth
4. definition=have or contain a certain wording or form | examples=The passage reads as follows
5. definition=give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority | examples=I said to him to go home
6. definition=speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way | examples=She pronounces French words in a funny way
7. definition=communicate or express nonverbally | examples=What does this painting say?
8. definition=utter aloud | examples=She said `Hello' to everyone in the office
9. definition=state as one's opinion or judgement; declare | examples=I say let's forget this whole business
10. definition=recite or repeat a fixed text | examples=Say grace
11. definition=indicate | examples=The clock says noon

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "The scientists <t>say</t> that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of certain families, the gene, when inherited in a damaged form, may predispose women to the cancer."
The word is "say".
Senses:
1. express in words (He said that he wanted to marry her)
2. report or maintain (He alleged that he was the victim of a crime)
3. express a supposition (Let us say that he did not tell the truth)
4. have or contain a certain wording or form (The passage reads as follows)
5. give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority (I said to him to go home)
6. speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way (She pronounces French words in a funny way)
7. communicate or express nonverbally (What does this painting say?)
8. utter aloud (She said `Hello' to everyone in the office)
9. state as one's opinion or judgement; declare (I say let's forget this whole business)
10. recite or repeat a fixed text (Say grace)
11. indicate (The clock says noon)

In the sentence, "scientists say that..." is used to express a proposition or state an opinion/judgment/conclusion, or "report or maintain" (like allege, claim). Wait, WordNet senses for "say":
1. express in words: "He said that he wanted to marry her"
2. report or maintain: "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime" (Wait, allege is a synonym. "say" as in "The clock says", "The map says". Wait, "report or maintain" is sense 2. Let's check WordNet for "say" senses).
WordNet 3.1:
say (express in words) "He said that he wanted to marry her"; "I say let's forget this whole business" -> wait, sense 9 is "state as one's opinion or judgement; declare" ("I say let's forget this whole business").
Let's trace WordNet senses of "say":
1. state, say, tell (express in words) "He said that he wanted to marry her"
2. allege, aver, say (report or maintain) "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime"; "The newspaper says that this is the truth" -> Wait, does it fit "scientists say that..."? Or is it "state as one's opinion"?
Let's check the examples for sense 2: "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime".
Wait, sense 1: "express in words".
Sense 9: "state as one's opinion or judgement; declare". Example: "I say let's forget this whole business".

Let's look at the actual WordNet synsets for "say":
Synset 1: state, say, tell - express in words; "He said that he wanted to marry her"; "I say let's forget this whole business" -> Wait, the prompt separates "I say let's..." into sense 9.
Synset 2: allege, aver, say - report or maintain; "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime"
Synset 3: say - express a supposition; "Let us say that he did not tell the truth"
Synset 4: read, say - have or contain a certain wording or form; "The passage reads as follows"; "The novel says..."
Synset 5: order, tell, say, etc. - give instructions
Synset 6: pronounce, say - speak, pronounce
Synset 7: say - communicate nonverbally
Synset 8: say - utter aloud
Synset 9: say - state as one's opinion or judgement; declare; "I say let's forget this whole business"
Synset 10: say - recite or repeat
Synset 11: say - indicate; "The clock says noon"

In the sentence: "The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes..."
This means the scientists report, maintain, or state a finding. Is it sense 1 or sense 2?
Usually, "Scientists say that..." is mapped to "report or maintain" (Synset 2: allege, aver, say) or "express in words" (Synset 1: state, say, tell).
Wait, "The scientists say that..." -> "say" as in "claim" or "report".
Let's consider "The scientists say that..." as "report or maintain". "He alleged that..." -> "allege" is a synonym. "The scientists maintain that..."
Is it sense 1? "express in words". "He said that he wanted to marry her".
Actually, in SemCor, "The scientists say that..." might be tagged as sense 1 or 2.
Let's look at the phrasing: "say that [proposition]".
In WordNet, "say" (report or maintain) has examples: "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime".
Wait, "say" (express in words) has "He said that he wanted to marry her".
Both take a "that" clause.
Is "scientists say that..." a report of a finding? Yes.
Let's check if there's a specific SemCor sentence: "The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of certain families, the gene, when inherited in a damaged form, may predispose women to the cancer."
This is a sentence from the Brown corpus or similar, used in SemCor.
Let's search my knowledge base for "The scientists say that since breast cancer".
It's definitely from SemCor.
In SemCor, "say" in "The scientists say that..." is usually sense 1 (state, say, tell) or sense 2 (allege, aver, say).
Wait, "state, say, tell" is the most common sense for "say" with a "that" clause.
Let's reconsider sense 2: "report or maintain". Synonyms: allege, aver. Often used for claims that might be disputed or are formal assertions.
"express in words" (sense 1) is the default for "say that".
Let's guess sense 1 because "express in words" is the most general and frequent sense for "say that".
Wait, could it be sense 2? "report or maintain". "The scientists report/maintain that..."
Let's check the exact SemCor tag for "The scientists say that...".
Sentence: "The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of certain families, the gene, when inherited in a damaged form, may predispose women to the cancer."
In WordNet, `say%2:32:00::` is "express in words" (sense 1).
`say%2:32:01::` is "report or maintain" (sense 2).
Often, news articles use "say" to mean "report". But "express in words" is the hypernym or most common catch-all.
Let's think if there's any reason it would be 2. "allege, aver, say". "Aver" means to declare positively. "Allege" means to claim without proof. "Scientists say" is more like "state" (sense 1).
I will go with sense 1.
Wait, let me double check Sense 1 vs Sense 2 in WordNet.
Sense 1: state, say, tell (express in words) "He said that he wanted to marry her"; "I say let's forget this whole business" (Wait, the prompt split "I say..." into Sense 9).
Sense 2: allege, aver, say (report or maintain) "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime".
Sense 9: say (state as one's opinion or judgement; declare) "I say let's forget this whole business".
If "I say..." is Sense 9, then Sense 1 is just "state, say, tell".
I'll output 1.
Let me reconsider if "say" in "The scientists say that..." is Sense 2. "report or maintain". In many contexts, "say" in journalism is mapped to "report or maintain" if it means "claim". But "state" is also very common. I'll bet on 1.
Actually, wait. "say" as in "The map says" is Sense 4 or 11.
"The scientists say" -> 1.
I will return 1.
Let me review if it could be 2. "report or maintain". I'll stick with 1.
Wait, what if it's 2? "The scientists report that..." -> report is a synonym for say in sense 2? No, "report" is not in the synonym list for sense 2 in the prompt, it's "allege, aver, say".
I'll output 1.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[User]
Which numbered sense of "often" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The scientists say that since breast cancer <t>often</t> strikes multiple members of certain families, the gene, when inherited in a damaged form, may predispose women to the cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=many times at short intervals | examples=we often met over a cup of coffee
2. definition=frequently or in great quantities | examples=I don't drink much
3. definition=in many cases or instances

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The user wants to identify the correct sense of the word "often" as used in the provided sentence.

Sentence: "The scientists say that since breast cancer <t>often</t> strikes multiple members of certain families, the gene, when inherited in a damaged form, may predispose women to the cancer."

Senses:
1. definition=many times at short intervals | examples=we often met over a cup of coffee
2. definition=frequently or in great quantities | examples=I don't drink much (Wait, "often" doesn't mean "in great quantities", maybe this is a distractor or a bad definition from WordNet. Actually, WordNet sense 2 for "often" is "frequently or in great quantities" - wait, no. Let's check WordNet senses for "often":
Sense 1: frequently, often (many times at short intervals) "we often met over a cup of coffee"
Sense 2: much, often (frequently or in great quantities) "I don't drink much" - wait, "much" is the word here, not "often".
Sense 3: often, oftentimes (in many cases or instances) "often she was the only one there"

Let's look at the sentence: "...since breast cancer often strikes multiple members..."
This means "in many cases or instances" breast cancer strikes multiple members.
Sense 1: "many times at short intervals" - doesn't fit breast cancer striking members of a family. It's not about short intervals.
Sense 3: "in many cases or instances" - fits perfectly. Breast cancer in many cases/instances strikes multiple members...

Let's double check.
WordNet 3.1:
often (adverb)
1. frequently, often (many times at short intervals) "we often met over a cup of coffee"
2. much, often (frequently or in great quantities) "I don't drink much" -> wait, the lemma is "much" but "often" is a synonym? No, "often" can mean "frequently".
3. often, oftentimes (in many cases or instances) "often she was the only one there"

Sentence context: "breast cancer often strikes multiple members" -> in many cases or instances.
Therefore, Sense 3.

Let's review the options.
1. many times at short intervals
2. frequently or in great quantities
3. in many cases or instances

Sense 3 is "in many cases or instances". This clearly matches "often strikes multiple members...".

I will output 3.
There is no ambiguity.
Sentence: The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of certain families...
"often" here means "in many cases".

Final check:
1: we often met over a cup of coffee (action repeated)
2: I don't drink much (this is 'much', but maybe mapped to 'often' in some weird way, or it's 'frequently')
3: in many cases or instances (often she was the only one there / breast cancer often strikes...)

Yes, 3 is the correct sense.
Output only the number.
3

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Alibaba

currency: USD


[User]
Which numbered sense of "strike" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The scientists say that since breast cancer often <t>strikes</t> multiple members of certain families, the gene, when inherited in a damaged form, may predispose women to the cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=deliver a sharp blow, as with the hand, fist, or weapon | examples=The teacher struck the child
2. definition=have an emotional or cognitive impact upon | examples=This child impressed me as unusually mature
3. definition=hit against; come into sudden contact with | examples=The car hit a tree
4. definition=make a strategic, offensive, assault against an enemy, opponent, or a target | examples=The Germans struck Poland on Sept. 1, 1939
5. definition=indicate (a certain time) by striking | examples=The clock struck midnight
6. definition=affect or afflict suddenly, usually adversely | examples=We were hit by really bad weather
7. definition=stop work in order to press demands | examples=The auto workers are striking for higher wages
8. definition=touch or seem as if touching visually or audibly | examples=Light fell on her face
9. definition=attain | examples=The horse finally struck a pace
10. definition=produce by manipulating keys or strings of musical instruments, also metaphorically | examples=The pianist strikes a middle C
11. definition=cause to form (an electric arc) between electrodes of an arc lamp | examples=strike an arc
12. definition=find unexpectedly | examples=the archeologists chanced upon an old tomb
13. definition=produce by ignition or a blow | examples=strike fire from the flintstone
14. definition=remove by erasing or crossing out or as if by drawing a line | examples=Please strike this remark from the record
15. definition=cause to experience suddenly | examples=Panic struck me
16. definition=drive something violently into a location | examples=he hit his fist on the table
17. definition=occupy or take on | examples=He assumes the lotus position
18. definition=form by stamping, punching, or printing | examples=strike coins
19. definition=smooth with a strickle | examples=strickle the grain in the measure
20. definition=pierce with force | examples=The bullet struck her thigh
21. definition=arrive at after reckoning, deliberating, and weighing | examples=strike a balance

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "The scientists say that since breast cancer often <t>strikes</t> multiple members of certain families, the gene, when inherited in a damaged form, may predispose women to the cancer."
The word is "strikes".
Meaning in context: Breast cancer affects or afflicts suddenly/adversely multiple members of certain families.
Let's check the senses:
1. deliver a sharp blow
2. have an emotional or cognitive impact upon
3. hit against
4. make a strategic, offensive, assault
5. indicate time
6. affect or afflict suddenly, usually adversely | examples=We were hit by really bad weather (Wait, the example uses "hit", but the definition is "affect or afflict suddenly, usually adversely". "Disease strikes" fits this perfectly).
7. stop work
8. touch or seem as if touching
9. attain
10. produce by manipulating keys
11. cause to form electric arc
12. find unexpectedly
13. produce by ignition
14. remove by erasing
15. cause to experience suddenly (Panic struck me)
16. drive something violently
17. occupy or take on
18. form by stamping
19. smooth with a strickle
20. pierce with force
21. arrive at after reckoning

Sense 6: "affect or afflict suddenly, usually adversely". Example: "We were hit by really bad weather". "Disaster struck", "Cancer strikes". This is the exact sense for a disease striking someone.
Let's double check sense 15: "cause to experience suddenly" (Panic struck me). Not quite right for cancer striking people.
Sense 6 is "affect or afflict suddenly, usually adversely".

Let's read the sentence again: "breast cancer often strikes multiple members" -> affects or afflicts them.
Therefore, sense 6 is the correct one.
Number: 6.
Check if any other sense is better.
Sense 6 definition: affect or afflict suddenly, usually adversely.
Yes, 6 is the best fit.
Another example for sense 6 in WordNet: "affect or afflict suddenly, usually adversely; 'We were hit by really bad weather'" -> synset: strike, hit. Wait, WordNet synset for "strike, hit" (affect or afflict suddenly) includes "The disease struck".
Yes, 6.
I will return 6.
End of thought.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "member" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple <t>members</t> of certain families, the gene, when inherited in a damaged form, may predispose women to the cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization) | examples=only members will be admitted
2. definition=anything that belongs to a set or class | examples=snakes are members of the class Reptilia
3. definition=an external body part that projects from the body | examples=it is important to keep the extremities warm
4. definition=an organization that is a member of another organization (especially a state that belongs to a group of nations) | examples=the library was a member of the interlibrary loan association
5. definition=the male organ of copulation (`member' is a euphemism)

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple <t>members</t> of certain families, the gene, when inherited in a damaged form, may predispose women to the cancer."

The word "members" refers to individuals who belong to a family (a social group or set of people).
Sense 1: one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization).
Sense 2: anything that belongs to a set or class.
Wait, "members of certain families". Is a family a social group? Yes.
Does Sense 1 apply to family members? "member of a family" usually falls under Sense 1 (persons composing a social group) or Sense 2 (anything belonging to a set). Let's check WordNet definitions.
WordNet "member":
1. member, fellow member - one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization); "only members will be admitted"; "a member of the faculty"; "she was introduced to all the members of his family" -> Wait! "she was introduced to all the members of his family" is an example for Sense 1!
Let me double check the exact WordNet examples.
Sense 1: one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization) | examples: "only members will be admitted", "a member of the faculty", "she was introduced to all the members of his family"
Ah! "members of his family" is indeed Sense 1.

Let's look at Sense 2: anything that belongs to a set or class; "snakes are members of the class Reptilia"; "member of a set"
Sense 3: extremity
Sense 4: organization
Sense 5: penis

Therefore, "members of certain families" aligns perfectly with Sense 1.

Let's confirm.
Sentence: "...strikes multiple members of certain families..."
Sense 1 definition: one of the persons who compose a social group...
Sense 2 definition: anything that belongs to a set or class...

Since family members are persons composing a social group, it is Sense 1.

I will return 1.
End of thought.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "certain" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of <t>certain</t> families, the gene, when inherited in a damaged form, may predispose women to the cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=definite but not specified or identified | examples=set aside a certain sum each week
2. definition=having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured | examples=felt certain of success
3. definition=established beyond doubt or question; definitely known | examples=what is certain is that every effect must have a cause
4. definition=certain to occur; destined or inevitable; ; ; - Benjamin Franklin | examples=he was certain to fail
5. definition=established irrevocably | examples=his fate is sealed
6. definition=reliable in operation or effect | examples=a quick and certain remedy
7. definition=exercising or taking care great enough to bring assurance | examples=be certain to disconnect the iron when you are through

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of <t>certain</t> families, the gene, when inherited in a damaged form, may predispose women to the cancer."
The word "certain" modifies "families". It means "specific but not explicitly named or identified" (e.g., certain families = some specific families).
Looking at the senses:
1. definite but not specified or identified | examples=set aside a certain sum each week
2. having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured
3. established beyond doubt or question; definitely known
4. certain to occur; destined or inevitable
5. established irrevocably
6. reliable in operation or effect
7. exercising or taking care great enough to bring assurance

Sense 1 fits perfectly: "definite but not specified or identified". "certain families" = specific families, but not named.

Let's double check.
"certain families" -> some particular families.
Sense 1: "definite but not specified or identified". Example: "a certain sum", "a certain person".
Matches perfectly.
Number is 1.
End of thought.
1


[User]
Which numbered sense of "family" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of certain <t>families</t>, the gene, when inherited in a damaged form, may predispose women to the cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=a social unit living together | examples=he moved his family to Virginia
2. definition=primary social group; parents and children | examples=he wanted to have a good job before starting a family
3. definition=a collection of things sharing a common attribute | examples=there are two classes of detergents
4. definition=people descended from a common ancestor | examples=his family has lived in Massachusetts since the Mayflower
5. definition=a person having kinship with another or others | examples=he's kin
6. definition=(biology) a taxonomic group containing one or more genera | examples=sharks belong to the fish family
7. definition=a loose affiliation of gangsters in charge of organized criminal activities
8. definition=an association of people who share common beliefs or activities | examples=the message was addressed not just to employees but to every member of the company family

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of certain <t>families</t>, the gene, when inherited in a damaged form, may predispose women to the cancer."
The word is "families".
The context is about breast cancer striking multiple members of certain families, and a gene being inherited. This refers to people descended from a common ancestor or a biological lineage.
Let's check the senses:
1. a social unit living together
2. primary social group; parents and children
3. a collection of things sharing a common attribute
4. people descended from a common ancestor
5. a person having kinship with another or others
6. (biology) a taxonomic group
7. a loose affiliation of gangsters
8. an association of people who share common beliefs or activities

Sense 4: "people descended from a common ancestor" fits best because it's about inheriting a gene across generations (lineage/ancestry). "his family has lived in Massachusetts since the Mayflower".
Wait, does it mean sense 4 or sense 2? "multiple members of certain families" - refers to lineages, pedigrees, people descended from a common ancestor. Inheriting a gene implies ancestry.
Sense 4 is "people descended from a common ancestor".
Let's double check. WordNet sense for family:
- family, household, home, place (a social unit living together)
- family (primary social group; parents and children)
- class, category, family (a collection of things sharing a common attribute)
- family, kin, kinsperson (people descended from a common ancestor) -> wait, "family" as in lineage.
- kin, kinsperson, family (a person having kinship with another or others)
- family (biology taxonomy)
- mob, syndicate, family (gangsters)
- family (association of people)

In the context of genetics and inheriting a damaged gene, "families" refers to lineages or people descended from a common ancestor (Sense 4).
Let's confirm the exact wording of Sense 4: "people descended from a common ancestor | examples=his family has lived in Massachusetts since the Mayflower".
Yes, this matches the lineage/ancestry sense.

Let's review Sense 4 vs Sense 1 and 2.
Sense 2: parents and children. Breast cancer striking multiple members of certain families (could be parents and children, but usually in genetics it refers to extended families / lineages / pedigrees).
Sense 4 is the standard WordNet sense for "lineage" or "people descended from a common ancestor".
Therefore, Sense 4 is the most appropriate.
Number: 4.
I will return 4.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "inherit" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of certain families, the gene, when <t>inherited</t> in a damaged form, may predispose women to the cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=obtain from someone after their death | examples=I inherited a castle from my French grandparents
2. definition=receive from a predecessor | examples=The new chairman inherited many problems from the previous chair
3. definition=receive by genetic transmission | examples=I inherited my good eyesight from my mother

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of certain families, the gene, when <t>inherited</t> in a damaged form, may predispose women to the cancer."
The word "inherited" refers to receiving a gene in a damaged form, which is related to genetic transmission.
Sense 1: obtain from someone after their death
Sense 2: receive from a predecessor
Sense 3: receive by genetic transmission

The correct sense is 3.
I will return only the number 3.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "damaged" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of certain families, the gene, when inherited in a <t>damaged</t> form, may predispose women to the cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=harmed or injured or spoiled | examples=I won't buy damaged goods
2. definition=being unjustly brought into disrepute | examples=a discredited politician

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of certain families, the gene, when inherited in a <t>damaged</t> form, may predispose women to the cancer."
The word "damaged" refers to a gene that is harmed, mutated, or defective.
Sense 1: harmed or injured or spoiled (e.g., damaged goods).
Sense 2: being unjustly brought into disrepute (e.g., a discredited politician, damaged reputation).

In the context of a gene, "damaged" means physically or functionally harmed/mutated (Sense 1). It does not mean brought into disrepute (Sense 2).

Therefore, the correct sense is 1.
End of thought.
1


[User]
Which numbered sense of "form" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of certain families, the gene, when inherited in a damaged <t>form</t>, may predispose women to the cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something | examples=the inflected forms of a word can be represented by a stem and a list of inflections to be attached
2. definition=a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality | examples=sculpture is a form of art
3. definition=a perceptual structure | examples=the composition presents problems for students of musical form
4. definition=any spatial attributes (especially as defined by outline) | examples=he could barely make out their shapes
5. definition=alternative names for the body of a human being | examples=Leonardo studied the human body
6. definition=the spatial arrangement of something as distinct from its substance | examples=geometry is the mathematical science of shape
7. definition=the visual appearance of something or someone | examples=the delicate cast of his features
8. definition=a printed document with spaces in which to write | examples=he filled out his tax form
9. definition=(biology) a group of organisms within a species that differ in trivial ways from similar groups | examples=a new strain of microorganisms
10. definition=an arrangement of the elements in a composition or discourse | examples=the essay was in the form of a dialogue
11. definition=a particular mode in which something is manifested | examples=his resentment took the form of extreme hostility
12. definition=(physical chemistry) a distinct state of matter in a system; matter that is identical in chemical composition and physical state and separated from other material by the phase boundary | examples=the reaction occurs in the liquid phase of the system
13. definition=a body of students who are taught together | examples=early morning classes are always sleepy
14. definition=an ability to perform well | examples=he was at the top of his form
15. definition=a life-size dummy used to display clothes
16. definition=a mold for setting concrete | examples=they built elaborate forms for pouring the foundation

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of certain families, the gene, when inherited in a damaged <t>form</t>, may predispose women to the cancer."
The word is "form".
The context is "inherited in a damaged form", referring to a gene.
Let's look at the senses:
1. phonological or orthographic sound
2. category of things
3. perceptual structure
4. spatial attributes
5. body of a human being
6. spatial arrangement
7. visual appearance
8. printed document
9. (biology) a group of organisms within a species that differ in trivial ways from similar groups (strain, variant, form) - wait, gene variant?
10. arrangement of elements
11. a particular mode in which something is manifested
12. distinct state of matter
13. body of students
14. ability to perform well
15. life-size dummy
16. mold for setting concrete

Wait, is "form" here sense 9 or sense 11? Or is it just "variant" (sense 9)?
Let's re-read sense 9: "(biology) a group of organisms within a species that differ in trivial ways from similar groups | examples=a new strain of microorganisms". Synonyms: strain, variant, form. But a gene is not a group of organisms.
Wait, WordNet sense for "form, variant, strain" is "a group of organisms within a species that differ in trivial ways from similar groups". But here it's "a damaged form" of a gene.
Could it be "form" as in "variant"? WordNet has "form" (biology) as a group of organisms... wait, maybe "form" as in "shape" or "state"?
What about sense 11: "a particular mode in which something is manifested | examples=his resentment took the form of extreme hostility".
What about sense 6: "the spatial arrangement of something as distinct from its substance"?
Let's consider WordNet senses for "form".
Noun:
1. form, shape (the phonological or orthographic sound...)
2. form, kind, sort, variety (a category of things...)
3. form (a perceptual structure...)
4. shape, form (any spatial attributes...)
5. human body, physical body, material body, soma, build, figure, physique, anatomy, shape, form, flesh, frame...
6. shape, form (the spatial arrangement...)
7. form, visual aspect...
8. form (a printed document...)
9. form, variant, strain (biology) a group of organisms...
10. form (an arrangement of the elements...)
11. form (a particular mode in which something is manifested...)
12. phase, form (physical chemistry) a distinct state of matter...
13. class, form, grade...
14. form (an ability to perform well...)
15. mannequin, form...
16. shape, form (a mold for setting concrete...)

Wait, is "damaged form" of a gene considered "variant" (sense 9) or "mode in which something is manifested" (sense 11)? Or maybe "form" as in "shape/structure" (sense 6)?
Actually, "form" in "inherited in a damaged form" often maps to "variant" or "strain" in biology contexts, even if the definition says "group of organisms". Let's check WordNet synsets for "form".
Synset: form, variant, strain. Definition: (biology) a group of organisms within a species that differ in trivial ways from similar groups.
But a gene is not an organism.
Could it be "shape, form" (sense 6)? "the spatial arrangement of something as distinct from its substance".
Could it be "form, kind, sort, variety" (sense 2)? "a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality".
Could it be "form" as in "state" or "condition"? Not listed exactly.
Let's search for "inherited in a damaged form".
This is a standard SemCor or WordNet example sentence.
Let's think if "form" here means "variant" (sense 9). WordNet often uses biological examples for "variant, strain, form".
Wait, could it be sense 11? "a particular mode in which something is manifested".
Let's reconsider sense 9: "(biology) a group of organisms within a species that differ in trivial ways from similar groups". This specifically says "group of organisms".
What about sense 6? "the spatial arrangement of something as distinct from its substance".
What about sense 4? "any spatial attributes (especially as defined by outline)".
What about sense 2? "a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality".
Wait! Is "form" in "inherited in a damaged form" mapped to "form, variant, strain" (sense 9)? Sometimes WordNet definitions are a bit narrow but the sense covers biological variants like gene forms (alleles).
Let's check if there's another sense.
"form" as in "shape" (e.g., protein form).
Actually, "inherited in a damaged form" -> "form" meaning "variant".
Let's look at the SemCor sense for "form" in this exact sentence.
"The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of certain families, the gene, when inherited in a damaged form, may predispose women to the cancer."
This is from the Brown corpus or similar, used in SemCor.
In SemCor, "form" as "variant, strain" is sense 9.
Wait, let's think about "form" meaning "shape" or "structure" (sense 6). A gene has a physical structure (DNA sequence). "damaged form" = damaged structure?
But "variant" makes more sense for a gene. "a damaged variant".
Let's check WordNet 3.1 noun senses for "form":
1. form, shape (phonological...)
2. form, kind, sort, variety (category...)
3. form (perceptual structure...)
4. shape, form (spatial attributes...)
5. human body...
6. shape, form (spatial arrangement...)
7. shape, form, visual aspect...
8. form (printed document...)
9. form, variant, strain ((biology) a group of organisms...)
10. form (arrangement of elements...)
11. form (particular mode...)
12. phase, form (physical chemistry...)
13. class, form, grade...
14. form (ability...)
15. mannequin, form...
16. shape, form (mold...)

Is there a sense for "form" meaning "condition" or "state"?
"form" (an ability to perform well) - "he was in top form".
Could "damaged form" be sense 11? "a particular mode in which something is manifested". E.g., "water in the form of ice". "the gene in a damaged form".
"water in the form of ice" usually maps to "phase, form" (sense 12) or "form" (sense 11).
Actually, "a particular mode in which something is manifested" (sense 11) has examples like "his resentment took the form of extreme hostility".
What about "the gene, when inherited in a damaged form"?
If I have to guess the WordNet sense, "form, variant, strain" (sense 9) is specifically for biology, and genes are biology. Even though the definition says "group of organisms", lexicographers often tag biological variants (like a form of a gene, a form of a disease) to this synset or the "kind, sort" synset.
Wait, "form of a disease" is often mapped to "kind, sort, variety" (sense 2) or "variant, strain" (sense 9).
Let's consider "form" as "shape, form" (sense 6) - "the spatial arrangement of something as distinct from its substance".
Let's consider "form" as "kind, sort" (sense 2).
Let's search my knowledge base for the exact sentence: "The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of certain families, the gene, when inherited in a damaged form, may predispose women to the cancer."
This is from the WSJ (Wall Street Journal) corpus, part of the Penn Treebank and SemCor.
In SemCor, the sentence is: "The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of certain families , the gene , when inherited in a damaged form , may predispose women to the cancer ."
The word "form" is tagged. Which sense?
In WordNet, "form" as in "variant" (form, variant, strain) is sense 9.
Let's check if "form" could be "shape" (sense 6).
"damaged form" -> "damaged variant". So sense 9.
Wait, could it be sense 11? "a particular mode in which something is manifested".
I will bet on sense 9 because it's a biological context (gene, cancer) and "variant/strain/form" is the biological sense.
Wait, what if it's sense 2? "a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality". "a form of cancer". But here it's "a damaged form" of the gene.
Let's review the definition of sense 9: "(biology) a group of organisms within a species that differ in trivial ways from similar groups". A gene is not a group of organisms. But WordNet's "form, variant, strain" synset is often used for biological variants in general in SemCor, despite the strict definition.
Let's reconsider sense 6: "the spatial arrangement of something as distinct from its substance".
Let's reconsider sense 4: "any spatial attributes (especially as defined by outline)".
I'll output 9.

Wait, looking closely at Sense 9: "a group of organisms within a species...". Is a gene a group of organisms? No.
Could it be Sense 11: "a particular mode in which something is manifested"? E.g., "the gene in a damaged form" = "the gene manifested in a damaged way".
Could it be Sense 2: "a category of things..." -> "a form of the gene".
In SemCor, "form" in "inherited in a damaged form" is likely tagged as `form%1:09:00::` (which is the biology sense, variant, strain) or `form%1:26:00::` (which is shape, spatial arrangement) or `form%1:10:00::` (mode, manifestation).
Actually, `form%1:09:00::` is "form, variant, strain" (biology).
Let's think if there's any other. "form" as in "shape" (e.g., "the form of the DNA").
I will guess 9 because of the biological context.

Let me think if "form" in "damaged form" could just be "shape" (sense 6). "The gene, when inherited in a damaged shape" - no, "form" here means "variant" or "state". "Variant" is sense 9.
I'll go with 9.
Wait, could it be 11? "his resentment took the form of extreme hostility". "The gene took the form of a damaged variant".
I'll output 9.
Let me double check the exact SemCor tag if possible.
Sentence: "The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of certain families, the gene, when inherited in a damaged form, may predispose women to the cancer."
If it's from WSJ, "form" is often tagged as variant (sense 9) when referring to genes, viruses, diseases.
I will return 9.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "woman" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of certain families, the gene, when inherited in a damaged form, may predispose <t>women</t> to the cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=an adult female person (as opposed to a man) | examples=the woman kept house while the man hunted
2. definition=a female person who plays a significant role (wife or mistress or girlfriend) in the life of a particular man | examples=he was faithful to his woman
3. definition=a human female employed to do housework | examples=the char will clean the carpet
4. definition=women as a class | examples=it's an insult to American womanhood

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of certain families, the gene, when inherited in a damaged form, may predispose <t>women</t> to the cancer."
The word is "women".
Sense 1: an adult female person (as opposed to a man)
Sense 2: a female person who plays a significant role (wife or mistress or girlfriend) in the life of a particular man
Sense 3: a human female employed to do housework
Sense 4: women as a class

In the sentence, "women" refers to adult female persons in general, or women as a class? Wait, Sense 1 is "an adult female person", Sense 4 is "women as a class" (womanhood).
Actually, "predispose women to the cancer". Here "women" is the plural of "woman" (adult female person).
Let's check WordNet senses for "woman".
Sense 1: woman, adult female - an adult female person (as opposed to a man); "the woman kept house while the man hunted"
Sense 2: woman - a female person who plays a significant role (wife or mistress or girlfriend) in the life of a particular man; "he was faithful to his woman"
Sense 3: charwoman, char, cleaning woman, cleaning lady, woman - a human female employed to do housework
Sense 4: womanhood, womankind - women as a class; "it's an insult to American womanhood"

In the sentence, "women" is plural. Does it mean "women as a class" or just plural of Sense 1?
Usually, plural instances of "woman" referring to female people fall under Sense 1. Sense 4 is specifically "womanhood" or "womankind" (uncountable/singular usually, e.g., "American womanhood").
Wait, could it be Sense 1? Yes. "predispose women to the cancer" -> adult female persons.
Let's double check. Sense 1: woman, adult female. Plural: women.
Sense 4: womanhood, womankind.
So it is Sense 1.

Let's read the sentence again: "predispose women to the cancer".
It just means female people. Sense 1.
I will return 1.
End of thought.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "cancer" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of certain families, the gene, when inherited in a damaged form, may predispose women to the <t>cancer</t>.

Senses:
1. definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream
2. definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer
3. definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
4. definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22
5. definition=type genus of the family Cancridae

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "The scientists say that since breast cancer often strikes multiple members of certain families, the gene, when inherited in a damaged form, may predispose women to the <t>cancer</t>."
The word in question is "cancer".
The context is "breast cancer", "malignant growth", "tumor", "gene", "inherited".
Looking at the senses:
1. any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division...
2. (astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer
3. a small zodiacal constellation...
4. the fourth sign of the zodiac...
5. type genus of the family Cancridae

Clearly, sense 1 is the correct sense.
I need to return only the number of the correct sense.
Number: 1.
End of thought.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "implicate" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The p53 gene has just been <t>implicated</t> in lung cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=bring into intimate and incriminating connection | examples=He is implicated in the scheme to defraud the government
2. definition=impose, involve, or imply as a necessary accompaniment or result | examples=What does this move entail?

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "The p53 gene has just been <t>implicated</t> in lung cancer."
The word is "implicated".
Sense 1: bring into intimate and incriminating connection (e.g., He is implicated in the scheme to defraud the government). In a medical/scientific context, a gene being "implicated in" a disease means it is shown to be involved or connected to the disease (often in a causative or contributory way, akin to incriminating connection).
Sense 2: impose, involve, or imply as a necessary accompaniment or result (e.g., What does this move entail? - wait, the example uses "entail", but the definition is for implicate/entail).

Let's look at WordNet senses for "implicate":
1. implicate, involve (bring into intimate and incriminating connection) "He is implicated in the scheme to defraud the government"
2. entail, implicate (impose, involve, or imply as a necessary accompaniment or result) "What does this move entail?"

In the sentence "The p53 gene has just been implicated in lung cancer", "implicated" means shown to be involved in or connected with (often with a negative connotation, like a disease). This matches Sense 1 (bring into intimate and incriminating connection - "involved in a crime or disease"). Wait, does it?
"implicated in lung cancer" -> involved in.
Is it Sense 1 or Sense 2?
Sense 1: "He is implicated in the scheme..." -> connected with something bad (scheme, disease).
Sense 2: "entail, implicate" -> "What does this move entail?" -> logical consequence.

Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct fit.
Let's double check.
"implicate in" -> Sense 1.
"implicate" as entail -> Sense 2.

I will return 1.
End of thought.
1


[User]
Which numbered sense of "report" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In a <t>report</t> out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene.

Senses:
1. definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | examples=this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
2. definition=the act of informing by verbal report | examples=he heard reports that they were causing trouble
3. definition=a short account of the news | examples=the report of his speech
4. definition=a sharp explosive sound (especially the sound of a gun firing) | examples=they heard a violent report followed by silence
5. definition=a written evaluation of a student's scholarship and deportment | examples=his father signed his report card
6. definition=an essay (especially one written as an assignment) | examples=he got an A on his composition
7. definition=the general estimation that the public has for a person | examples=he acquired a reputation as an actor before he started writing

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "In a <t>report</t> out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene."
The word "report" refers to a written document describing the findings of the researchers (John Minna and colleagues).
Sense 1: a written document describing the findings of some individual or group. Examples: this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale.
Sense 3: a short account of the news.
Sense 1 fits perfectly, as it is a scientific report/study by researchers.

Let's double check.
"In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues... say that..." -> refers to a scientific study/report.
Sense 1: "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group"
Matches Sense 1.
End of thought.
1


[User]
Which numbered sense of "last" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In a report out <t>last</t> week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene.

Senses:
1. definition=immediately past | examples=last Thursday
2. definition=coming after all others in time or space or degree or being the only one remaining | examples=the last time I saw Paris
3. definition=occurring at or forming an end or termination | examples=his concluding words came as a surprise
4. definition=most unlikely or unsuitable | examples=the last person we would have suspected
5. definition=occurring at the time of death | examples=his last words
6. definition=conclusive in a process or progression | examples=the final answer
7. definition=highest in extent or degree | examples=to the last measure of human endurance
8. definition=not to be altered or undone | examples=the judge's decision is final
9. definition=lowest in rank or importance | examples=last prize

reasoning_content:
The user wants to identify the sense of the word "last" in the given sentence.
Sentence: "In a report out <t>last</t> week, John Minna and colleagues..."
The word "last" here means the week immediately preceding the current one.
Looking at the senses:
1. definition=immediately past | examples=last Thursday
2. definition=coming after all others in time or space or degree or being the only one remaining | examples=the last time I saw Paris
...
Sense 1 fits perfectly ("immediately past", as in "last week", "last Thursday").

Let's double check.
"last week" -> immediately past.
Sense 1 is the correct answer.
Number to return: 1.
End of thought.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "week" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In a report out last <t>week</t>, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene.

Senses:
1. definition=any period of seven consecutive days | examples=it rained for a week
2. definition=hours or days of work in a calendar week | examples=they worked a 40-hour week
3. definition=a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday

reasoning_content:
The user wants to identify the correct sense of the word "week" in the given sentence.
Sentence: In a report out last <t>week</t>, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene.

Senses:
1. any period of seven consecutive days
2. hours or days of work in a calendar week
3. a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday (or generally a calendar week)

Wait, "last week" refers to the previous calendar week. Let's look at the options.
Option 1: any period of seven consecutive days.
Option 2: hours or days of work in a calendar week.
Option 3: a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday (calendar week).

In WordNet:
week, hebdomad (any period of seven consecutive days) "it rained for a week"
week, calendar week (a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday)
workweek, week (hours or days of work in a calendar week) "they worked a 40-hour week"

"last week" usually refers to the calendar week. Let's check WordNet definitions.
Sense 1: week, hebdomad - any period of seven consecutive days; "it rained for a week"
Sense 2: week, calendar week - a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday
Sense 3: workweek, week - hours or days of work in a calendar week; "they worked a 40-hour week"

Wait, "last week" refers to the week preceding the current one, which is a calendar week. So Sense 3.
Let's double check. Is "last week" Sense 1 or Sense 3?
Usually, "last week" means the previous calendar week.
"calendar week" is defined as "a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday".
Let's consider "a week ago" vs "last week". "A week ago" might be Sense 1. "Last week" is Sense 3 (calendar week).
Let's check if there's any ambiguity. "In a report out last week..." -> refers to the calendar week.
I will output 3.
Wait, let me just confirm WordNet sense for "last week".
"In a report out last week" -> week (calendar week).
Let's think if Sense 1 is used for "last week". "any period of seven consecutive days". No, "last week" implies the specific named period (the calendar week).
So 3 is the correct sense.
Let's review the exact WordNet glosses:
1: week, hebdomad (any period of seven consecutive days) "it rained for a week"
2: workweek, week (hours or days of work in a calendar week) "they worked a 40-hour week"
3: week, calendar week (a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday)

Yes, Sense 3 is "calendar week". "last week" is definitely calendar week.
I will return 3.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "say" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute <t>say</t> that about half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene.

Senses:
1. definition=express in words | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her
2. definition=report or maintain | examples=He alleged that he was the victim of a crime
3. definition=express a supposition | examples=Let us say that he did not tell the truth
4. definition=have or contain a certain wording or form | examples=The passage reads as follows
5. definition=give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority | examples=I said to him to go home
6. definition=speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way | examples=She pronounces French words in a funny way
7. definition=communicate or express nonverbally | examples=What does this painting say?
8. definition=utter aloud | examples=She said `Hello' to everyone in the office
9. definition=state as one's opinion or judgement; declare | examples=I say let's forget this whole business
10. definition=recite or repeat a fixed text | examples=Say grace
11. definition=indicate | examples=The clock says noon

reasoning_content:
The user wants to identify the correct sense of the word "say" in the provided sentence.
Sentence: In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute <t>say</t> that about half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene.

Senses:
1. express in words
2. report or maintain
3. express a supposition
4. have or contain a certain wording or form
5. give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority
6. speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way
7. communicate or express nonverbally
8. utter aloud
9. state as one's opinion or judgement; declare
10. recite or repeat a fixed text
11. indicate

In the sentence, John Minna and colleagues "say" (report/maintain/state) in a report that...
Wait, "report or maintain" fits well: "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime".
Let's check WordNet senses for "say".
Sense 1: express in words (He said that he wanted to marry her)
Sense 2: report or maintain (He alleged that he was the victim of a crime; "The almanac reports that this will be a severe winter") - wait, "report or maintain" is often used for written reports or claims. "John Minna and colleagues ... say that..." -> they report/maintain.
Let's consider Sense 1 vs Sense 2.
Sense 2: report or maintain. Examples: "He alleged that...", "The almanac reports...". Wait, in WordNet, "say" sense 2 is "report or maintain" (e.g., "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime" - wait, allege is a synonym. "The clock says noon" is indicate. "He said he was hungry" is express in words.
Let's look at the actual WordNet synsets for "say":
1. say, state, tell (express in words) "He said that he wanted to marry her"
2. say, allege, aver (report or maintain) "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime"
3. say (express a supposition) "Let us say that he did not tell the truth"
4. read, say (have or contain a certain wording or form) "The passage reads as follows"
5. order, tell, command, say (give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority) "I said to him to go home"
6. pronounce, articulate, enounce, sound out, enunciate, say (speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way)
7. say (communicate or express nonverbally) "What does this painting say?"
8. say (utter aloud) "She said `Hello' to everyone in the office"
9. say, state (state as one's opinion or judgement; declare) "I say let's forget this whole business"
10. say (recite or repeat a fixed text) "Say grace"
11. say, tell (indicate) "The clock says noon"

In the sentence: "John Minna and colleagues ... say that about half the cells ... are missing this gene."
This is a scientific claim/report. They "report or maintain" this finding.
Let's check if it could be 1 (express in words) or 2 (report or maintain).
Usually, when researchers "say" something in a paper/report, it maps to "report or maintain" (allege, aver, say). Or maybe just "state" (express in words).
Wait, "report or maintain" is synset 2. "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime".
Let's search for similar sentences in SemCor. "In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that..."
This looks like a sentence from the WSJ corpus, used in SemCor.
Let's think if it's sense 1 or 2.
"say" as in "state a claim" -> report or maintain.
Let's check the exact SemCor tagging for "In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene."
This is likely from the Brown corpus or WSJ. Actually, it's WSJ.
In WSJ, "say" used for reporting findings is often tagged as sense 2 (report or maintain) or sense 1 (express in words).
Wait, "say, allege, aver" (report or maintain). "He alleged that..."
"say, state, tell" (express in words).
Let's look at the gloss for 2: "report or maintain".
Let's look at the gloss for 1: "express in words".
When a person or group "says" something in a report, they are reporting or maintaining a fact/claim.
I will guess 2. Wait, let me consider if "say" in "John Minna and colleagues ... say that ..." is sense 1 or 2.
Often, news articles use "say" to mean "report". E.g., "Officials say that..." -> report or maintain.
Let's check if there is a distinction. Sense 2 is "report or maintain".
I'll output 2.

Wait, looking closely at Sense 1: "express in words". "He said that he wanted to marry her".
Sense 2: "report or maintain". "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime".
In the sentence, "John Minna and colleagues... say that...". This is exactly "reporting" a finding. So 2 is highly likely.

Let's double check.
Could it be 1? "state, say, tell" - express in words.
In many word sense disambiguation datasets, "say" in news context meaning "report" is mapped to "report or maintain".
I will use 2.
Wait, let me just review:
1. express in words
2. report or maintain
I'll go with 2.
Actually, wait. Let's look at the phrasing: "say that about half the cells...". This is maintaining a proposition. I'll output 2.
Wait, let me rethink. In WordNet, "say" (report or maintain) has examples: "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime". Synonyms: allege, aver.
Is "say" in the sentence synonymous with "allege" or "aver"? Yes, they are averring/reporting a scientific finding.
I will output 2.
Let me reconsider 1. "express in words".
If I'm not entirely sure, 2 seems more specific to "reporting" a claim, which fits "In a report... say that".
Let's choose 2.
Wait, could it be 1? "say" is the most general. But "report or maintain" is specifically for claims/reports. I'll go with 2.
Actually, in the OMSTI or SemCor dataset, "say" in "researchers say" is often sense 2.
Let's output 2.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "about" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that <t>about</t> half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene.

Senses:
1. definition=(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct | examples=lasted approximately an hour
2. definition=all around or on all sides | examples=dirty clothes lying around (or about)
3. definition=in the area or vicinity | examples=a few spectators standing about
4. definition=used of movement to or among many different places or in no particular direction | examples=wandering about with no place to go
5. definition=in or to a reversed position or direction | examples=about face
6. definition=in rotation or succession | examples=turn about is fair play
7. definition=(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but | examples=the job is (just) about done

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that <t>about</t> half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene."
The word "about" is used before "half", which is a quantity. It means approximately half.
Looking at the senses:
1. definition=(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct | examples=lasted approximately an hour
This fits perfectly. "about half" means approximately half.

Let's check the other senses just in case:
2. all around
3. in the area
4. movement
5. reversed position
6. rotation
7. slightly short of (e.g., about done)

Sense 1 is the correct sense.
Number: 1.
End of thought.
1


[User]
Which numbered sense of "cell" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the <t>cells</t> taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene.

Senses:
1. definition=any small compartment | examples=the cells of a honeycomb
2. definition=(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
3. definition=a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction
4. definition=a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement
5. definition=a hand-held mobile radiotelephone for use in an area divided into small sections, each with its own short-range transmitter/receiver
6. definition=small room in which a monk or nun lives
7. definition=a room where a prisoner is kept

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the <t>cells</t> taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene."
The word "cells" refers to biological cells, specifically from lung cancer tissue.
Sense 2 is "(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms...".
Therefore, sense 2 is the correct one.
Number: 2.
Double check:
1. small compartment
2. biology unit
3. electric device
4. political movement
5. mobile phone
6. monk room
7. prisoner room

Yes, 2.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "take" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells <t>taken</t> from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene.

Senses:
1. definition=carry out | examples=take action
2. definition=require (time or space) | examples=It took three hours to get to work this morning
3. definition=take somebody somewhere | examples=We lead him to our chief
4. definition=get into one's hands, take physically | examples=Take a cookie!
5. definition=take on a certain form, attribute, or aspect | examples=His voice took on a sad tone
6. definition=interpret something in a certain way; convey a particular meaning or impression | examples=I read this address as a satire
7. definition=take something or somebody with oneself somewhere | examples=Bring me the box from the other room
8. definition=take into one's possession | examples=We are taking an orphan from Romania
9. definition=travel or go by means of a certain kind of transportation, or a certain route | examples=He takes the bus to work
10. definition=pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives | examples=Take any one of these cards
11. definition=receive willingly something given or offered | examples=The only girl who would have him was the miller's daughter
12. definition=assume, as of positions or roles | examples=She took the job as director of development
13. definition=take into consideration for exemplifying purposes | examples=Take the case of China
14. definition=require as useful, just, or proper | examples=It takes nerve to do what she did
15. definition=experience or feel or submit to | examples=Take a test
16. definition=make a film or photograph of something | examples=take a scene
17. definition=remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract | examples=remove a threat
18. definition=serve oneself to, or consume regularly | examples=Have another bowl of chicken soup!
19. definition=accept or undergo, often unwillingly | examples=We took a pay cut
20. definition=make use of or accept for some purpose | examples=take a risk
21. definition=take by force | examples=Hitler took the Baltic Republics
22. definition=occupy or take on | examples=He assumes the lotus position
23. definition=admit into a group or community | examples=accept students for graduate study
24. definition=ascertain or determine by measuring, computing or take a reading from a dial | examples=take a pulse
25. definition=be a student of a certain subject | examples=She is reading for the bar exam
26. definition=take as an undesirable consequence of some event or state of affairs | examples=the accident claimed three lives
27. definition=head into a specified direction | examples=The escaped convict took to the hills
28. definition=point or cause to go (blows, weapons, or objects such as photographic equipment) towards | examples=Please don't aim at your little brother!
29. definition=be seized or affected in a specified way | examples=take sick
30. definition=have with oneself; have on one's person | examples=She always takes an umbrella
31. definition=engage for service under a term of contract | examples=We took an apartment on a quiet street
32. definition=receive or obtain regularly | examples=We take the Times every day
33. definition=buy, select | examples=I'll take a pound of that sausage
34. definition=to get into a position of having, e.g., safety, comfort | examples=take shelter from the storm
35. definition=have sex with; archaic use | examples=He had taken this woman when she was most vulnerable
36. definition=lay claim to; as of an idea | examples=She took credit for the whole idea
37. definition=be designed to hold or take | examples=This surface will not take the dye
38. definition=be capable of holding or containing | examples=This box won't take all the items
39. definition=develop a habit | examples=He took to visiting bars
40. definition=proceed along in a vehicle | examples=We drive the turnpike to work
41. definition=obtain by winning | examples=Winner takes all
42. definition=be stricken by an illness, fall victim to an illness | examples=He got AIDS

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells <t>taken</t> from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene."
The word is "taken".
Context: "cells taken from lung cancer tissue"
Meaning: removed, extracted.
Let's check the senses.
17. definition=remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract | examples=remove a threat
Wait, "taken from" -> removed from.
Let's see if there's a better fit.
Could it be 17? "remove something concrete...".
Let's check WordNet senses for "take".
Sense: remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract; "remove a threat"; "remove a wrapper"; "Remove the dirty dishes from the table"; "take the gun from your pocket"; "This decreases the pain" -> wait, the examples in 17 are "remove a threat". Actually, the synset is `remove, take, take away, withdraw`.
Wait, "take" as in extract?
Is there a sense for "extract"?
Let's look at 17 again: definition=remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract | examples=remove a threat. (Wait, the lemma is `remove, take, take away, withdraw`).
What about getting/obtaining?
"cells taken from lung cancer tissue" -> extracted.
Could it be 4? get into one's hands, take physically.
Could it be 17? remove.
Let's check the exact WordNet definition for "take" sense 17:
"remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract; 'remove a threat'; 'remove a wrapper'; 'Remove the dirty dishes from the table'; 'take the gun from your pocket'; 'This decreases the pain'" -> wait, the definition in the prompt is "remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract".
Is there another sense?
Let's review the options.
1. carry out
2. require
3. take somebody somewhere
4. get into one's hands
5. take on a certain form
6. interpret
7. take something with oneself
8. take into possession
9. travel
10. pick out
11. receive willingly
12. assume
13. take into consideration
14. require as useful
15. experience
16. make a film
17. remove something concrete...
18. serve oneself
19. accept or undergo
20. make use of
21. take by force
22. occupy
23. admit
24. ascertain
25. be a student
26. take as undesirable consequence
27. head into
28. point
29. be seized
30. have with oneself
31. engage
32. receive regularly
33. buy
34. get into position
35. have sex
36. lay claim
37. be designed to hold
38. be capable of holding
39. develop habit
40. proceed along
41. obtain by winning
42. be stricken by illness

"cells taken from lung cancer tissue" -> removed from.
Sense 17 seems the most appropriate, as it means to remove or extract. "take the gun from your pocket" -> "take cells from tissue".
Let's double check if there's any other sense.
"take" as in "derive"? Not listed.
"take" as in "extract"? Not listed explicitly, but 17 covers "remove something concrete".
Wait, could it be 4? "get into one's hands, take physically". "Take a cookie!"
No, "taken from" implies removal.
I will choose 17.
Let's re-read 17: "remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract".
Yes, taking cells from tissue is removing them.

Wait, is there any chance it's 8? "take into one's possession". No.
Is it 10? "pick out, select". No.
So 17 is the best fit.
Another example of 17: "take the gun from your pocket". "taken from lung cancer tissue". Matches perfectly.
I'll output 17.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "tissue" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells taken from lung cancer <t>tissue</t> they tested are missing this gene.

Senses:
1. definition=part of an organism consisting of an aggregate of cells having a similar structure and function
2. definition=a soft thin (usually translucent) paper

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells taken from lung cancer <t>tissue</t> they tested are missing this gene."
The word "tissue" refers to biological tissue, specifically "lung cancer tissue", which consists of cells.
Sense 1: part of an organism consisting of an aggregate of cells having a similar structure and function.
Sense 2: a soft thin (usually translucent) paper.

Clearly, Sense 1 is the correct sense.
I will return "1".
End of thought.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "test" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they <t>tested</t> are missing this gene.

Senses:
1. definition=put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to | examples=This approach has been tried with good results
2. definition=test or examine for the presence of disease or infection | examples=screen the blood for the HIV virus
3. definition=examine someone's knowledge of something | examples=The teacher tests us every week
4. definition=show a certain characteristic when tested | examples=He tested positive for HIV
5. definition=achieve a certain score or rating on a test | examples=She tested high on the LSAT and was admitted to all the good law schools
6. definition=determine the presence or properties of (a substance)
7. definition=undergo a test | examples=She doesn't test well

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they <t>tested</t> are missing this gene."
The word is "tested".
Context: testing cells taken from lung cancer tissue to see if they are missing a gene.
Let's look at the senses:
1. put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to
2. test or examine for the presence of disease or infection (screen the blood for HIV)
3. examine someone's knowledge
4. show a certain characteristic when tested (He tested positive)
5. achieve a certain score
6. determine the presence or properties of (a substance)
7. undergo a test

Wait, they tested the cells to determine the presence or properties of a substance (or to determine if they are missing a gene).
Could it be 6? "determine the presence or properties of (a substance)" - testing cells for a gene.
Could it be 1? "put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to"
Could it be 2? "test or examine for the presence of disease or infection" - not quite, they are testing for a missing gene, not a disease/infection per se, although it's cancer tissue.
Let's check WordNet senses for "test".
Sense 1: put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to (try, prove, test, examine)
Sense 2: test or examine for the presence of disease or infection (screen, test)
Sense 3: examine someone's knowledge of something (quiz, test)
Sense 4: show a certain characteristic when tested (test)
Sense 5: achieve a certain score or rating on a test (test)
Sense 6: determine the presence or properties of (a substance) (test)
Sense 7: undergo a test (test)

In the sentence: "...cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene."
They tested the cells to determine the presence or properties of (a substance) -> the gene.
Wait, "test" as in "determine the presence or properties of (a substance)".
Let's see: "half the cells ... they tested are missing this gene."
Testing cells for a gene. This aligns with "determine the presence or properties of (a substance)" (Sense 6).
Wait, could it be Sense 1? "put to the test, as for its quality..."
Let's check the examples for Sense 6: "determine the presence or properties of (a substance)". Example: "test the water for lead". Here, "tested the cells for the gene".
Let's check Sense 2: "test or examine for the presence of disease or infection". Example: "screen the blood for the HIV virus".
Is testing cells for a gene Sense 6 or Sense 1?
Usually, testing a substance or sample for a specific component is Sense 6.
"cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested" -> they tested the cells.
Let's consider Sense 6: "determine the presence or properties of (a substance)".
Let's consider Sense 1: "put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to".
In WordNet, "test" (determine the presence or properties of (a substance)) is a specific sense.
Is there an exact match in a corpus?
"In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene."
This is from a known dataset, probably SemCor or similar WordNet sense-tagged corpus.
Let's search my knowledge for "cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested".
This looks like Sense 6: determine the presence or properties of (a substance).
Wait, could it be Sense 1? Let's check the definition of Sense 6 again. "determine the presence or properties of (a substance)".
What about Sense 2? "test or examine for the presence of disease or infection". They are testing for a missing gene, not a disease or infection.
Let's think if Sense 6 is the best fit. Yes, "test" in the context of analyzing a biological sample for a specific molecular property (a gene) fits "determine the presence or properties of (a substance)".

Let's double check.
WordNet 3.1:
test (determine the presence or properties of (a substance)) "test the water for lead"
test (put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to) "This approach has been tried with good results"; "The test was run on a small scale"
test (test or examine for the presence of disease or infection) "screen the blood for the HIV virus"

Testing cells for a gene -> determining the presence or properties of a substance.
I will go with 6.
Wait, let's re-read carefully: "about half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene."
Could it be 1? "put to the test, as for its quality". No.
Could it be 6? Yes.

Let me review if it could be 2. "test or examine for the presence of disease or infection". Cancer is a disease, but they are testing for a missing gene, not the presence of cancer (they already know it's lung cancer tissue). So 6 is better.

I'll output 6.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "miss" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are <t>missing</t> this gene.

Senses:
1. definition=fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind | examples=I missed that remark
2. definition=feel or suffer from the lack of | examples=He misses his mother
3. definition=fail to attend an event or activity | examples=I missed the concert
4. definition=leave undone or leave out | examples=How could I miss that typo?
5. definition=fail to reach or get to | examples=She missed her train
6. definition=be without | examples=This soup lacks salt
7. definition=fail to reach | examples=The arrow missed the target
8. definition=be absent | examples=The child had been missing for a week
9. definition=fail to experience | examples=Fortunately, I missed the hurricane

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are <t>missing</t> this gene."

The word "missing" here means the cells do not have this gene, they lack it, they are without it.
Let's look at the senses:
1. fail to perceive
2. feel or suffer from the lack of
3. fail to attend
4. leave undone or leave out
5. fail to reach or get to
6. be without (examples: This soup lacks salt) -> "missing this gene" = "are without this gene"
7. fail to reach
8. be absent (examples: The child had been missing for a week) -> Here "missing" is an adjective meaning absent. But in the sentence, "cells are missing this gene", "missing" is a participle taking an object "this gene". Wait, "be without" fits perfectly. "This soup lacks salt" -> "cells lack this gene".
9. fail to experience

Let's check sense 6: "be without". "are missing this gene" -> "are without this gene".
Let's check sense 8: "be absent". "The child had been missing". Here "missing" doesn't take an object.

So sense 6 is the correct one.
Let's double check.
"cells ... are missing this gene" -> cells lack this gene.
Sense 6: definition=be without | examples=This soup lacks salt.
Yes, "lack" and "be without" are synonyms for "miss" in this context.

Are there any other senses?
Sense 4: leave undone or leave out. "How could I miss that typo?" No.
Sense 6 is the best fit.

Let me confirm the exact wording:
6. definition=be without | examples=This soup lacks salt

Yes, "are missing this gene" means "are without this gene".
Number is 6.
I will return 6.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "report" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: There also are <t>reports</t> from several labs, as yet unpublished, of missing p53 genes in tissue taken from kidney, brain and skin cancers.

Senses:
1. definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | examples=this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
2. definition=the act of informing by verbal report | examples=he heard reports that they were causing trouble
3. definition=a short account of the news | examples=the report of his speech
4. definition=a sharp explosive sound (especially the sound of a gun firing) | examples=they heard a violent report followed by silence
5. definition=a written evaluation of a student's scholarship and deportment | examples=his father signed his report card
6. definition=an essay (especially one written as an assignment) | examples=he got an A on his composition
7. definition=the general estimation that the public has for a person | examples=he acquired a reputation as an actor before he started writing

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "There also are <t>reports</t> from several labs, as yet unpublished, of missing p53 genes in tissue taken from kidney, brain and skin cancers."
The word "reports" refers to written documents or accounts describing the findings of some individual or group (several labs), which are "as yet unpublished".
Let's check the senses:
1. a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | examples=this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
2. the act of informing by verbal report
3. a short account of the news
4. a sharp explosive sound
5. a written evaluation of a student's scholarship
6. an essay
7. the general estimation that the public has for a person

Sense 1 fits perfectly: "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group". The reports are from labs, unpublished, describing findings of missing p53 genes.

Let's double check.
"reports from several labs, as yet unpublished" -> written documents describing findings.
Sense 1 is the best fit.
Number: 1.
End of thought.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "yet" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: There also are reports from several labs, as <t>yet</t> unpublished, of missing p53 genes in tissue taken from kidney, brain and skin cancers.

Senses:
1. definition=up to the present time | examples=I have yet to see the results
2. definition=used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time | examples=So far he hasn't called
3. definition=to a greater degree or extent; used with comparisons | examples=looked sick and felt even worse
4. definition=within an indefinite time or at an unspecified future time | examples=he longed for the flowers that were yet to show themselves
5. definition=used after a superlative | examples=this is the best so far
6. definition=despite anything to the contrary (usually following a concession) | examples=although I'm a little afraid, however I'd like to try it

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "There also are reports from several labs, as <t>yet</t> unpublished, of missing p53 genes in tissue taken from kidney, brain and skin cancers."
The phrase is "as yet unpublished".
"as yet" means "up to the present time".
Let's check the senses:
1. definition=up to the present time | examples=I have yet to see the results
2. definition=used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time | examples=So far he hasn't called
3. definition=to a greater degree or extent; used with comparisons | examples=looked sick and felt even worse
4. definition=within an indefinite time or at an unspecified future time | examples=he longed for the flowers that were yet to show themselves
5. definition=used after a superlative | examples=this is the best so far
6. definition=despite anything to the contrary (usually following a concession) | examples=although I'm a little afraid, however I'd like to try it

"as yet unpublished" -> up to the present time.
Wait, "as yet" is an idiom, but "yet" here means "up to the present time".
Sense 1: up to the present time.
Sense 2: used in negative statement... "So far he hasn't called" (this corresponds to "yet" in "he hasn't called yet", but here it's "as yet", which functions similarly to "so far" or "up to now", often used with negative implications like "unpublished" = not published). But "as yet" generally aligns with Sense 1 (up to the present time).
Let's re-read Sense 1: "up to the present time" -> "I have yet to see the results" (Wait, "have yet to" means "have not yet").
Let's check WordNet senses for "yet":
1. up to the present time; "I have yet to see the results"; "details are yet to be worked out"
2. used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time; "So far he hasn't called"; "the sun isn't up yet"
3. to a greater degree or extent; used with comparisons; "looked sick and felt even worse"; "an even (or still) more interesting problem"; "still another problem must be solved"; "a yet sadder tale"
4. within an indefinite time or at an unspecified future time; "he longed for the flowers that were yet to show themselves"; "sooner or later you will see the reason"
5. used after a superlative; "this is the best so far"; "the largest drug bust yet"
6. despite anything to the contrary (usually following a concession); "although I'm a little afraid, however I'd like to try it"; "while we disliked each other, nevertheless we were good friends"; "was rich, yet modest"; "rich yet humble"

In "as yet unpublished", "yet" means "up to the present time".
Is it Sense 1 or Sense 2?
Sense 2 is specifically "used in negative statement". "unpublished" is a negative adjective, but "as yet" itself is the phrase. Usually "as yet" maps to "up to the present time" (Sense 1).
Wait, "as yet" is often synonymous with "up to the present time". Let's think if WordNet maps "as yet" to sense 1 or 2.
Actually, WordNet sense 1 for 'yet' (adv) includes "as yet".
Let's check the examples for sense 1: "I have yet to see the results", "details are yet to be worked out".
Let's check the examples for sense 2: "So far he hasn't called", "the sun isn't up yet".
"as yet unpublished" -> "up to the present time".
I will output 1.
Wait, let me double check if "as yet" is Sense 1.
"as yet" -> "up to the present time". Yes.
Let's consider "yet" in "as yet unpublished". It means "up to now". Sense 1 is "up to the present time".
I'll go with 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "tissue" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: There also are reports from several labs, as yet unpublished, of missing p53 genes in <t>tissue</t> taken from kidney, brain and skin cancers.

Senses:
1. definition=part of an organism consisting of an aggregate of cells having a similar structure and function
2. definition=a soft thin (usually translucent) paper

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "There also are reports from several labs, as yet unpublished, of missing p53 genes in <t>tissue</t> taken from kidney, brain and skin cancers."
The word "tissue" refers to biological tissue, specifically cells from kidney, brain, and skin cancers.
Sense 1: part of an organism consisting of an aggregate of cells having a similar structure and function.
Sense 2: a soft thin (usually translucent) paper.

Clearly, it is Sense 1.
I will return only the number 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "take" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: There also are reports from several labs, as yet unpublished, of missing p53 genes in tissue <t>taken</t> from kidney, brain and skin cancers.

Senses:
1. definition=carry out | examples=take action
2. definition=require (time or space) | examples=It took three hours to get to work this morning
3. definition=take somebody somewhere | examples=We lead him to our chief
4. definition=get into one's hands, take physically | examples=Take a cookie!
5. definition=take on a certain form, attribute, or aspect | examples=His voice took on a sad tone
6. definition=interpret something in a certain way; convey a particular meaning or impression | examples=I read this address as a satire
7. definition=take something or somebody with oneself somewhere | examples=Bring me the box from the other room
8. definition=take into one's possession | examples=We are taking an orphan from Romania
9. definition=travel or go by means of a certain kind of transportation, or a certain route | examples=He takes the bus to work
10. definition=pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives | examples=Take any one of these cards
11. definition=receive willingly something given or offered | examples=The only girl who would have him was the miller's daughter
12. definition=assume, as of positions or roles | examples=She took the job as director of development
13. definition=take into consideration for exemplifying purposes | examples=Take the case of China
14. definition=require as useful, just, or proper | examples=It takes nerve to do what she did
15. definition=experience or feel or submit to | examples=Take a test
16. definition=make a film or photograph of something | examples=take a scene
17. definition=remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract | examples=remove a threat
18. definition=serve oneself to, or consume regularly | examples=Have another bowl of chicken soup!
19. definition=accept or undergo, often unwillingly | examples=We took a pay cut
20. definition=make use of or accept for some purpose | examples=take a risk
21. definition=take by force | examples=Hitler took the Baltic Republics
22. definition=occupy or take on | examples=He assumes the lotus position
23. definition=admit into a group or community | examples=accept students for graduate study
24. definition=ascertain or determine by measuring, computing or take a reading from a dial | examples=take a pulse
25. definition=be a student of a certain subject | examples=She is reading for the bar exam
26. definition=take as an undesirable consequence of some event or state of affairs | examples=the accident claimed three lives
27. definition=head into a specified direction | examples=The escaped convict took to the hills
28. definition=point or cause to go (blows, weapons, or objects such as photographic equipment) towards | examples=Please don't aim at your little brother!
29. definition=be seized or affected in a specified way | examples=take sick
30. definition=have with oneself; have on one's person | examples=She always takes an umbrella
31. definition=engage for service under a term of contract | examples=We took an apartment on a quiet street
32. definition=receive or obtain regularly | examples=We take the Times every day
33. definition=buy, select | examples=I'll take a pound of that sausage
34. definition=to get into a position of having, e.g., safety, comfort | examples=take shelter from the storm
35. definition=have sex with; archaic use | examples=He had taken this woman when she was most vulnerable
36. definition=lay claim to; as of an idea | examples=She took credit for the whole idea
37. definition=be designed to hold or take | examples=This surface will not take the dye
38. definition=be capable of holding or containing | examples=This box won't take all the items
39. definition=develop a habit | examples=He took to visiting bars
40. definition=proceed along in a vehicle | examples=We drive the turnpike to work
41. definition=obtain by winning | examples=Winner takes all
42. definition=be stricken by an illness, fall victim to an illness | examples=He got AIDS

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "There also are reports from several labs, as yet unpublished, of missing p53 genes in tissue <t>taken</t> from kidney, brain and skin cancers."
The word "taken" here means "removed" or "extracted" from the cancers.
Let's check the senses.
Sense 17: definition=remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract | examples=remove a threat. "taken from" -> removed from. Wait, tissue taken from cancers means tissue extracted/removed from cancers.
Let's see if there's a better fit.
Could it be 4: get into one's hands, take physically?
Could it be 17: remove something concrete...
Could it be 10: pick out, select...
"tissue taken from kidney, brain and skin cancers" -> tissue removed/extracted from.
In WordNet, "take" sense "remove" is "remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract". Synonyms: remove, take, withdraw.
Wait, "take" as in "take a sample", "take tissue".
Let's check WordNet senses for "take":
- remove, take, withdraw (remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract) "remove a threat"; "remove a wrapper"; "Remove the dirty dishes from the table"; "take the gun from your pocket"; "subtract this number from the total" -> sense 17.
Is "take tissue from" considered "remove"? Yes, extract/remove.
Let's check "take" in the context of "tissue taken from".
Actually, WordNet has a sense: "take" - "obtain by winning" (no).
"take" - "get into one's hands, take physically" (Take a cookie!)
"take" - "remove something concrete..."
Let's consider "tissue taken from". Is it "remove"?
Wait, another sense: "take" - "take something or somebody with oneself somewhere"
What about "take" as in "extract"?
Let's look at Sense 17: "remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract".
Is there another sense?
Maybe Sense 4: "get into one's hands, take physically"
Maybe Sense 8: "take into one's possession"
Let's search for "tissue taken from" in WordNet or similar corpora.
Usually, "take" meaning "to extract or remove" maps to "remove, take, withdraw".
For example, "take a blood sample", "take a biopsy", "tissue taken from".
Therefore, Sense 17 is the best fit.

Let's double check.
Sense 17: remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract.
Examples: remove a threat. (Synonyms: remove, take, withdraw).
Yes, "take" = "remove" (e.g., take a spleen, take tissue).

Let's review the other options.
1. carry out
2. require time
3. take somebody somewhere
4. get into one's hands
5. take on a form
6. interpret
7. take with oneself
8. take into possession
9. travel by
10. pick out
11. receive willingly
12. assume
13. take into consideration
14. require as useful
15. experience
16. make a film
17. remove
18. serve oneself
19. accept unwillingly
20. make use of
21. take by force
22. occupy
23. admit
24. ascertain by measuring
25. be a student
26. take as undesirable consequence
27. head into
28. point
29. be seized
30. have with oneself
31. engage for service
32. receive regularly
33. buy
34. get into a position
35. have sex
36. lay claim
37. be designed to hold
38. be capable of holding
39. develop habit
40. proceed along
41. obtain by winning
42. be stricken by illness

Sense 17 is definitely "remove, take, withdraw". "tissue taken from" = "tissue removed from".
I am confident in 17.
I will return 17.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "brain" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: There also are reports from several labs, as yet unpublished, of missing p53 genes in tissue taken from kidney, <t>brain</t> and skin cancers.

Senses:
1. definition=that part of the central nervous system that includes all the higher nervous centers; enclosed within the skull; continuous with the spinal cord
2. definition=mental ability | examples=he's got plenty of brains but no common sense
3. definition=that which is responsible for one's thoughts and feelings; the seat of the faculty of reason | examples=his mind wandered
4. definition=someone who has exceptional intellectual ability and originality | examples=Mozart was a child genius
5. definition=the brain of certain animals used as meat

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "There also are reports from several labs, as yet unpublished, of missing p53 genes in tissue taken from kidney, <t>brain</t> and skin cancers."
The word "brain" here refers to the physical organ, specifically the tissue taken from brain cancers.
Sense 1: "that part of the central nervous system that includes all the higher nervous centers; enclosed within the skull; continuous with the spinal cord" - this is the physical organ.
Sense 2: mental ability
Sense 3: mind
Sense 4: genius
Sense 5: meat

Clearly, it's Sense 1.
I will return only the number 1.