[User]
Which numbered sense of "turn_out" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: "It <t>turns out</t> that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.

Senses:
1. definition=be shown or be found to be | examples=She proved to be right
2. definition=prove to be in the result or end | examples=It turns out that he was right
3. definition=produce quickly or regularly, usually with machinery | examples=This factory turns out saws
4. definition=result or end | examples=How will the game turn out?
5. definition=come, usually in answer to an invitation or summons | examples=How many people turned out that evening?
6. definition=bring forth, | examples=The apple tree bore delicious apples this year
7. definition=put out or expel from a place | examples=The unruly student was excluded from the game
8. definition=come and gather for a public event | examples=Hundreds of thousands turned out for the anti-war rally in New York
9. definition=outfit or equip, as with accessories | examples=The actors were turned out lavishly
10. definition=turn outward | examples=These birds can splay out their toes
11. definition=cause to stop operating by disengaging a switch | examples=Turn off the stereo, please
12. definition=get up and out of bed | examples=I get up at 7 A.M. every day

reasoning_content:
The user wants to identify the correct sense of the phrasal verb "turn_out" used in the provided sentence.
Sentence: "It <t>turns out</t> that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.

Let's look at the senses:
1. be shown or be found to be (She proved to be right)
2. prove to be in the result or end (It turns out that he was right)
3. produce quickly or regularly (This factory turns out saws)
4. result or end (How will the game turn out?)
5. come, usually in answer to an invitation (How many people turned out)
6. bring forth
7. put out or expel
8. come and gather
9. outfit or equip
10. turn outward
11. cause to stop operating
12. get up and out of bed

The sentence uses "It turns out that...".
Sense 2 has the exact example: "It turns out that he was right". The definition is "prove to be in the result or end".
Wait, sense 1 is "be shown or be found to be" (She proved to be right - wait, "prove" is the lemma for sense 1? No, "turn out" can mean "prove to be in the result or end").
Let's re-read sense 2: definition=prove to be in the result or end | examples=It turns out that he was right.
This perfectly matches "It turns out that studying...".

Let's double check.
Sense 2: "prove to be in the result or end" -> "It turns out that..."
Therefore, the correct sense number is 2.
Returns only the number.
End of thought.
2


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[User]
Which numbered sense of "study" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: "It turns out that <t>studying</t> a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.

Senses:
1. definition=consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning | examples=analyze a sonnet by Shakespeare
2. definition=be a student; follow a course of study; be enrolled at an institute of learning
3. definition=give careful consideration to | examples=consider the possibility of moving
4. definition=be a student of a certain subject | examples=She is reading for the bar exam
5. definition=learn by reading books | examples=He is studying geology in his room
6. definition=think intently and at length, as for spiritual purposes | examples=He is meditating in his study

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "It turns out that <t>studying</t> a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute."

The word "studying" here means to investigate, analyze, or examine in detail (a tumor) to discover essential features or meaning (insights about cancer).

Let's look at the senses:
1. consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning | examples=analyze a sonnet by Shakespeare
2. be a student; follow a course of study; be enrolled at an institute of learning
3. give careful consideration to | examples=consider the possibility of moving
4. be a student of a certain subject | examples=She is reading for the bar exam
5. learn by reading books | examples=He is studying geology in his room
6. think intently and at length, as for spiritual purposes | examples=He is meditating in his study

Sense 1 fits perfectly: "studying a tragic but uncommon tumor" means analyzing it in detail to discover essential features (fundamental insights).

Let's double check.
Sense 1: analyze, consider in detail.
Sense 3: give careful consideration to (like considering a possibility).
Sense 5: learn by reading books.

Clearly Sense 1.
Number: 1.
End of thought.
1

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Alibaba

currency: USD


[User]
Which numbered sense of "tragic" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: "It turns out that studying a <t>tragic</t> but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.

Senses:
1. definition=very sad; especially involving grief or death or destruction | examples=a tragic face
2. definition=of or relating to or characteristic of tragedy | examples=tragic hero

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "It turns out that studying a <t>tragic</t> but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.
The word "tragic" here describes a tumor that causes grief, death, or destruction (since it's a tumor/cancer).
Sense 1: very sad; especially involving grief or death or destruction.
Sense 2: of or relating to or characteristic of tragedy (like a tragic hero, tragic play).

The tumor is "tragic" because it causes death/sadness, not because it relates to the literary genre of tragedy.
Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct sense.
Number: 1.
End of thought.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "uncommon" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: "It turns out that studying a tragic but <t>uncommon</t> tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.

Senses:
1. definition=not common or ordinarily encountered; unusually great in amount or remarkable in character or kind | examples=uncommon birds
2. definition=marked by an uncommon quality; especially superlative or extreme of its kind; -J.R.Lowell | examples=what is so rare as a day in June

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "It turns out that studying a tragic but <t>uncommon</t> tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.
The word "uncommon" here means rare, not frequently encountered.
Sense 1: not common or ordinarily encountered; unusually great in amount or remarkable in character or kind.
Sense 2: marked by an uncommon quality; especially superlative or extreme of its kind.

In the context of a "tumor", "uncommon" means rare (not common or ordinarily encountered).
Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct sense.
Let's double check.
"uncommon tumor" -> rare tumor -> not common or ordinarily encountered.
Sense 1 fits perfectly.
Sense 2 is more about "uncommon beauty" or "uncommon valor" (superlative or extreme).

I will output 1.
End of thought.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "make" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor <t>made</t> possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.

Senses:
1. definition=engage in | examples=make love, not war
2. definition=give certain properties to something | examples=get someone mad
3. definition=make or cause to be or to become | examples=make a mess in one's office
4. definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR
5. definition=give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally | examples=cause a commotion
6. definition=create or manufacture a man-made product | examples=We produce more cars than we can sell
7. definition=make, formulate, or derive in the mind | examples=I draw a line here
8. definition=compel or make somebody or something to act in a certain way | examples=People cannot be made to integrate just by passing a law!
9. definition=create by artistic means | examples=create a poem
10. definition=earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages | examples=How much do you make a month in your new job?
11. definition=create or design, often in a certain way | examples=Do my room in blue
12. definition=to compose or represent: | examples=This wall forms the background of the stage setting
13. definition=reach a goal, e.g., | examples=make the first team
14. definition=be or be capable of being changed or made into | examples=He makes a great host
15. definition=make by shaping or bringing together constituents | examples=make a dress
16. definition=perform or carry out | examples=make a decision
17. definition=make by combining materials and parts | examples=this little pig made his house out of straw
18. definition=change from one form into another | examples=make water into wine
19. definition=act in a certain way so as to acquire | examples=make friends
20. definition=charge with a function; charge to be | examples=She was named Head of the Committee
21. definition=achieve a point or goal | examples=Nicklaus had a 70
22. definition=reach a destination, either real or abstract | examples=We hit Detroit by noon
23. definition=institute, enact, or establish | examples=make laws
24. definition=carry out or commit | examples=make a mistake
25. definition=form by assembling individuals or constituents | examples=Make a quorum
26. definition=organize or be responsible for | examples=hold a reception
27. definition=put in order or neaten | examples=make the bed
28. definition=head into a specified direction | examples=The escaped convict took to the hills
29. definition=have a bowel movement | examples=The dog had made in the flower beds
30. definition=undergo fabrication or creation | examples=This wool makes into a nice sweater
31. definition=be suitable for | examples=Wood makes good furniture
32. definition=add up to | examples=four and four make eight
33. definition=amount to | examples=This salary increase makes no difference to my standard of living
34. definition=constitute the essence of | examples=Clothes make the man
35. definition=appear to begin an activity | examples=He made to speak but said nothing in the end
36. definition=proceed along a path | examples=work one's way through the crowd
37. definition=reach in time | examples=We barely made the plane
38. definition=gather and light the materials for | examples=make a fire
39. definition=prepare for eating by applying heat | examples=Cook me dinner, please
40. definition=induce to have sex | examples=Harry finally seduced Sally
41. definition=assure the success of | examples=A good review by this critic will make your play!
42. definition=represent fictitiously, as in a play, or pretend to be or act like | examples=She makes like an actress
43. definition=consider as being | examples=It wasn't the problem some people made it
44. definition=calculate as being | examples=I make the height about 100 feet
45. definition=cause to be enjoyable or pleasurable | examples=make my day
46. definition=favor the development of | examples=Practice makes the winner
47. definition=develop into | examples=He will make a splendid father!
48. definition=behave in a certain way | examples=make merry
49. definition=eliminate urine | examples=Again, the cat had made on the expensive rug

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor <t>made</t> possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute."

The word is "made".
The phrase is "made possible".
This means "caused to be possible" or "gave certain properties to something" or "make or cause to be or to become".
Let's look at the senses:
2. give certain properties to something | examples=get someone mad
3. make or cause to be or to become | examples=make a mess in one's office
5. give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally | examples=cause a commotion

Wait, "make possible" -> "cause to be possible".
Sense 3: make or cause to be or to become. Example: make a mess, make him happy, make it possible.
Let's check WordNet senses for "make":
- make, cause to be, make (cause to be or to become) "make a mess in one's office"; "create a furor" -> wait, "make it possible" is often "make, cause to be, make".
Wait, could it be 2? "give certain properties to something" -> "get someone mad", "make him mad".
Could it be 3? "make or cause to be or to become" -> "make a mess in one's office".
Let's search for "make possible" in WordNet.
"make" (cause to be or to become) "make a mess in one's office" -> this is sense 3.
Let's consider "make possible". The object is "some fundamental insights", the complement is "possible".
Actually, "make" + adjective complement.
"make possible" -> cause to become possible.
Sense 3: make or cause to be or to become.
Let's double check.
WordNet 3.1:
make, cause to be, make (cause to be or to become) "make a mess in one's office" -> this is exactly sense 3.
Is there another sense?
"make, make out, make" (represent fictitiously, as in a play, or pretend to be or act like)
"make" (give certain properties to something) "get someone mad" -> wait, "make someone mad" is "make, make, make" -> "give certain properties to something"? No, "make" (cause to be) vs "make" (give properties).
Wait, "make" (cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner) "The ads induced me to buy a VCR" -> sense 4.
"make" (give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally) "cause a commotion" -> sense 5.

Let's look closely at Sense 3: "make or cause to be or to become"
Sense 2: "give certain properties to something" (e.g., "make him mad" -> actually "get someone mad" is the example for "make" or "get"? The example says "get someone mad" but the definition is "give certain properties to something". Wait, "make" as in "This makes me mad" -> give certain properties. But "make possible" -> cause to be possible.
Wait, "make possible" is usually classified under "cause to be or to become".
Let's check the examples for Sense 3: "make a mess in one's office".
Let's check the examples for Sense 2: "get someone mad". (Wait, "get someone mad" uses "get", but the synonym might be "make").
I will bet on Sense 3. "make or cause to be or to become". "made possible" = caused to be possible.

Let's review the exact WordNet synsets for "make":
1. make, do (engage in) "make love, not war"
2. make, give (give certain properties to something) "get someone mad" -> wait, the lemma is "make", synonym "give"? No, "make" is the lemma.
3. make, make, cause to be, make (make or cause to be or to become) "make a mess in one's office"
4. make, induce, stimulate, cause, have, get (cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner) "The ads induced me to buy a VCR"
5. make, create, cause (give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally) "cause a commotion"
6. produce, make, create (create or manufacture a man-made product)
...

In "made possible some fundamental insights", "make" takes an object and an object complement (adjective). "make [object] [adjective]".
This fits "cause to be or to become" (Sense 3).
"make a mess" -> "mess" is a noun, but "make" here means "create" or "cause to be".
What about "make it possible"? "cause to be possible".
Therefore, Sense 3 is the best fit.

Let's confirm if "make possible" could be Sense 5 (cause to happen). No, "insights" are not an event.
Could it be Sense 2? "give certain properties to something". "make him mad". "make it possible". "possible" is a property. But "cause to be or become" is the standard synset for "make + adj" like "make it clear", "make it possible".
Actually, WordNet synset for "make, cause to be" (cause to be or to become) includes "make a mess", "make him happy".
I'll output 3.
There is no ambiguity.
Sense 3: definition=make or cause to be or to become | examples=make a mess in one's office
Sentence: "...tumor made possible some fundamental insights..." -> made [some fundamental insights] possible -> caused them to be possible.
Number: 3.
End of thought.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "possible" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made <t>possible</t> some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.

Senses:
1. definition=capable of happening or existing | examples=a breakthrough may be possible next year
2. definition=existing in possibility | examples=a potential problem

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute."
The word "possible" is used in the phrase "made possible".
Sense 1: capable of happening or existing. Example: a breakthrough may be possible next year. "made possible" means made capable of happening or existing.
Sense 2: existing in possibility. Example: a potential problem.

In the sentence, studying the tumor made the insights capable of happening/existing (i.e., it enabled them).
Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct sense.
Let's double check.
"made possible" -> made capable of happening.
Sense 1 fits perfectly.
Sense 2 is more like "possible" as an adjective before a noun, like "a possible problem", meaning existing in possibility but not necessarily actualized. Here, the insights were actualized, they were made capable of happening/existing. Wait, "made possible" means "enabled". Enabled = made capable of happening.

So, 1.
End of thought.
1


[User]
Which numbered sense of "insight" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental <t>insights</t> about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.

Senses:
1. definition=clear or deep perception of a situation
2. definition=a feeling of understanding
3. definition=the clear (and often sudden) understanding of a complex situation
4. definition=grasping the inner nature of things intuitively

reasoning_content:
The user wants to identify the correct sense of the word "insight" used in the given sentence.
Sentence: "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental <t>insights</t> about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.

Senses:
1. clear or deep perception of a situation
2. a feeling of understanding
3. the clear (and often sudden) understanding of a complex situation
4. grasping the inner nature of things intuitively

Let's look at the context: "fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer".
Here, "insights" refers to deep understandings or perceptions about how cancer works.
Sense 1: clear or deep perception of a situation.
Sense 2: a feeling of understanding.
Sense 3: the clear (and often sudden) understanding of a complex situation.
Sense 4: grasping the inner nature of things intuitively.

Wait, the WordNet senses for "insight" are:
1. insight, penetration (clear or deep perception of a situation)
2. insight (the clear (and often sudden) understanding of a complex situation)
3. perceptiveness, insight, perceptivity (a feeling of understanding)
4. intuition, insight (grasping the inner nature of things intuitively) - wait, no.

Let's check WordNet 3.1 senses for "insight":
1. insight, penetration - clear or deep perception of a situation
2. insight - the clear (and often sudden) understanding of a complex situation
3. perceptiveness, insight, perceptivity - a feeling of understanding
4. intuition, insight - grasping the inner nature of things intuitively

In the sentence: "fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer"
Is it sense 1 or sense 2?
"insights about" -> clear or deep perception of a situation? Or the clear understanding of a complex situation?
Usually, "insight into" or "insight about" refers to sense 1: "clear or deep perception of a situation" or sense 2.
Let's search for similar examples in WordNet.
Sentence: "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer..."
This looks like an example from a corpus, possibly the SemCor or WordNet examples.
Wait, "insights about the most basic workings" -> "clear or deep perception of a situation" (Sense 1).
Let's consider Sense 1: "clear or deep perception of a situation" - "a man of insight", "he showed great insight".
Sense 2: "the clear (and often sudden) understanding of a complex situation" - "his insight into the motives of others", "her insight into the situation".
Actually, Sense 1 in WordNet: insight, penetration (clear or deep perception of a situation).
Sense 2: insight (the clear (and often sudden) understanding of a complex situation).

Let's rethink:
The sentence is from a news article (probably Time or Newsweek, 1990s). "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer..."
In WordNet, "insight" has 4 senses.
Sense 1: insight, penetration (clear or deep perception of a situation) "a man of insight"; "he showed great insight"
Sense 2: insight (the clear (and often sudden) understanding of a complex situation)
Sense 3: perceptiveness, insight, perceptivity (a feeling of understanding)
Sense 4: intuition, insight (grasping the inner nature of things intuitively)

"fundamental insights about..."
Could it be Sense 1? "clear or deep perception of a situation".
Let's check if there's an exact match in WordNet for the example sentences.
WordNet examples for Sense 1: "a man of insight", "he showed great insight".
WordNet examples for Sense 2: "his insight into the motives of others", "her insight into the situation".
WordNet examples for Sense 3: "he is a man of great perceptiveness".
WordNet examples for Sense 4: "she had an intuition that he was lying".

Wait, does SemCor map this sentence to Sense 1?
"fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer" -> "insights" is plural.
"insight" (1) is often used in plural: "insights into/about".
Let's guess Sense 1. "clear or deep perception of a situation".
Wait, Sense 1 is "insight, penetration".
Sense 2 is "insight".
Let's look at the phrasing: "some fundamental insights". Plural "insights" strongly correlates with Sense 1 (pieces of deep perception/understanding). Sense 2 is usually singular "the insight" or "an insight" (a sudden understanding).
Therefore, Sense 1 is the most likely.

Let's double check.
Sense 1: clear or deep perception of a situation.
Sense 2: the clear (and often sudden) understanding of a complex situation.
I will output 1.
Wait, could it be 1? Yes.
Let me review if it could be 2. "understanding of a complex situation". "workings of cancer" is a complex situation. But "insights" (plural) usually maps to Sense 1.
I'll output 1.
Actually, in the WiC (Word-in-Context) dataset or similar datasets, "insight" in "fundamental insights about" is mapped to Sense 1.
Let's just output 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "basic" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most <t>basic</t> workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.

Senses:
1. definition=pertaining to or constituting a base or basis | examples=a basic fact
2. definition=reduced to the simplest and most significant form possible without loss of generality | examples=a basic story line
3. definition=serving as a base or starting point | examples=a basic course in Russian
4. definition=of or denoting or of the nature of or containing a base

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most <t>basic</t> workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.

Senses:
1. definition=pertaining to or constituting a base or basis | examples=a basic fact
2. definition=reduced to the simplest and most significant form possible without loss of generality | examples=a basic story line
3. definition=serving as a base or starting point | examples=a basic course in Russian
4. definition=of or denoting or of the nature of or containing a base

In the sentence, "basic workings" refers to the fundamental, underlying, or foundational workings of cancer.
Sense 1: pertaining to or constituting a base or basis (e.g., a basic fact, basic workings).
Sense 2: reduced to the simplest form (e.g., basic story line).
Sense 3: serving as a base or starting point (e.g., basic course).
Sense 4: chemical base.

"basic workings" aligns best with Sense 1 (pertaining to or constituting a base or basis, fundamental).

Let's double check WordNet senses for "basic".
1. basic (pertaining to or constituting a base or basis) "a basic fact"; "the basic ingredients"; "basic fundamentals"
2. basic, canonic, canonical (reduced to the simplest and most significant form possible without loss of generality) "a basic story line"; "a canonical syllable pattern"
3. basic (serving as a base or starting point) "a basic course in Russian"; "basic training for raw recruits"
4. basic (of or denoting or of the nature of or containing a base)

"basic workings" -> fundamental, base or basis. Sense 1.
End of thought.
1


[User]
Which numbered sense of "cancer" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of <t>cancer</t>, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.

Senses:
1. definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream
2. definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer
3. definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
4. definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22
5. definition=type genus of the family Cancridae

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of <t>cancer</t>, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.

The word in question is "cancer".
The context is about a "tumor", "National Cancer Institute", "basic workings of cancer".
This clearly refers to the disease, which is a malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division.
Looking at the senses:
1. definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division...
2. definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer
3. definition=a small zodiacal constellation...
4. definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac...
5. definition=type genus of the family Cancridae

 Sense 1 is the correct one.
 Number to return: 1.
 End of thought.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "say" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "<t>says</t> Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.

Senses:
1. definition=express in words | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her
2. definition=report or maintain | examples=He alleged that he was the victim of a crime
3. definition=express a supposition | examples=Let us say that he did not tell the truth
4. definition=have or contain a certain wording or form | examples=The passage reads as follows
5. definition=give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority | examples=I said to him to go home
6. definition=speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way | examples=She pronounces French words in a funny way
7. definition=communicate or express nonverbally | examples=What does this painting say?
8. definition=utter aloud | examples=She said `Hello' to everyone in the office
9. definition=state as one's opinion or judgement; declare | examples=I say let's forget this whole business
10. definition=recite or repeat a fixed text | examples=Say grace
11. definition=indicate | examples=The clock says noon

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "<t>says</t> Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute."

The word "says" is used to attribute a quote or statement to Samuel Broder.
Let's look at the senses:
1. express in words | He said that he wanted to marry her
2. report or maintain | He alleged that he was the victim of a crime
3. express a supposition | Let us say that he did not tell the truth
4. have or contain a certain wording or form | The passage reads as follows
5. give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority | I said to him to go home
6. speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way | She pronounces French words in a funny way
7. communicate or express nonverbally | What does this painting say?
8. utter aloud | She said `Hello' to everyone in the office
9. state as one's opinion or judgement; declare | I say let's forget this whole business
10. recite or repeat a fixed text | Say grace
11. indicate | The clock says noon

Wait, the sentence uses "says" to introduce a direct quote. "express in words" (Sense 1) fits best for attributing a spoken or written statement to someone. "He said that he wanted to marry her" is sense 1.
Let's check WordNet senses for "say".
Sense 1: say, state, tell (express in words) "He said that he wanted to marry her"; "tell me what is bothering you"; "state your opinion"; "state your name"
Sense 2: say, allege (report or maintain) "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime"; "He said that he was not the culprit" - wait, the example for 2 is allege.
Sense 8: say (utter aloud) "She said `Hello' to everyone in the office"

In the sentence, "..., " says Samuel Broder...
This is attribution of a quote. "express in words" is the most general and appropriate sense for quoting someone.

Let's double check.
"express in words" -> "He said that..."
"utter aloud" -> "She said 'Hello'..."
Since it's a quote in a news article, "express in words" (1) is standard for "say" used as a quotative verb.

Let's review the exact WordNet definitions:
1. express in words
2. report or maintain
3. express a supposition
4. have or contain a certain wording or form
5. give instructions to
6. speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way
7. communicate or express nonverbally
8. utter aloud
9. state as one's opinion or judgement; declare
10. recite or repeat a fixed text
11. indicate

Yes, 1 is "express in words".
The sentence: "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, " says Samuel Broder...
This is expressing in words.
Number 1.
End of thought.
1


[User]
Which numbered sense of "director" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, <t>director</t> of the National Cancer Institute.

Senses:
1. definition=someone who controls resources and expenditures
2. definition=member of a board of directors
3. definition=someone who supervises the actors and directs the action in the production of a show
4. definition=the person who directs the making of a film
5. definition=the person who leads a musical group

reasoning_content:
The sentence mentions "Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute."
The National Cancer Institute is an organization. The director of an organization is the person who leads or manages it, controlling resources and expenditures, or is a high-level executive.
Let's evaluate the senses:
1. someone who controls resources and expenditures (manager, head of an organization/institute)
2. member of a board of directors
3. someone who supervises actors...
4. person who directs a film
5. person who leads a musical group

Sense 1 fits "director of an institute" best, as it refers to the head of an organization who manages it (controls resources, etc.). Wait, WordNet defines "director" (sense 1) as "someone who controls resources and expenditures (as of a firm)" - i.e., a manager or head of an organization.
Let's double check.
Sense 1: someone who controls resources and expenditures (manager, director of an institute).
Sense 2: member of a board of directors.
Samuel Broder was the director (head) of the NCI. Therefore, sense 1.

Let's check WordNet senses for "director":
1. director, theater director, theatre director (someone who supervises the actors...) -> Sense 3 here
2. director, film director (the person who directs the making of a film) -> Sense 4 here
3. conductor, music director, director (the person who leads a musical group) -> Sense 5 here
4. director (member of a board of directors) -> Sense 2 here
5. director (someone who controls resources and expenditures (as of a firm)) -> Sense 1 here

Yes, Sense 1 is the administrative head of an organization.
Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.
Number: 1.
End of thought.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "public" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: "All this may not be obvious to the <t>public</t>, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "

Senses:
1. definition=people in general considered as a whole | examples=he is a hero in the eyes of the public
2. definition=a body of people sharing some common interest | examples=the reading public

reasoning_content:
The user wants to identify the correct sense of the word "public" in the given sentence.
Sentence: "All this may not be obvious to the <t>public</t>, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon."

Senses:
1. people in general considered as a whole (e.g., he is a hero in the eyes of the public)
2. a body of people sharing some common interest (e.g., the reading public)

In the sentence, "the public" refers to people in general, the general population, who are concerned about advances in treatment. It does not refer to a specific body of people sharing a common interest like "the reading public" or "the investing public", but rather the general public.

Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct sense.
Number: 1.
End of thought.
1


[User]
Which numbered sense of "concerned" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is <t>concerned</t> about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "

Senses:
1. definition=feeling or showing worry or solicitude | examples=concerned parents of youthful offenders
2. definition=involved in or affected by or having a claim to or share in | examples=a memorandum to those concerned
3. definition=culpably involved | examples=all those concerned in the bribery case have been identified

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is <t>concerned</t> about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon."
The word "concerned" is used in the phrase "concerned about advances in treatment".
This means feeling worry, interest, or solicitude about something.
Sense 1: feeling or showing worry or solicitude (e.g., concerned parents)
Sense 2: involved in or affected by or having a claim to or share in (e.g., those concerned)
Sense 3: culpably involved (e.g., concerned in the bribery case)

Here, "concerned about" clearly matches Sense 1 (feeling or showing worry or solicitude, or just caring about).

Let's double check.
"concerned about" -> worried about, interested in.
Sense 1 definition: feeling or showing worry or solicitude.
Matches perfectly.
Return only the number: 1.
End of thought.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "advance" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about <t>advances</t> in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "

Senses:
1. definition=a movement forward | examples=he listened for the progress of the troops
2. definition=a change for the better; progress in development
3. definition=a tentative suggestion designed to elicit the reactions of others | examples=she rejected his advances
4. definition=the act of moving forward (as toward a goal)
5. definition=an amount paid before it is earned
6. definition=increase in price or value | examples=the news caused a general advance on the stock market

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about <t>advances</t> in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon."
The word is "advances".
Context: "advances in treatment" - referring to progress or improvements in medical treatment.
Senses:
1. a movement forward (physical or military)
2. a change for the better; progress in development
3. a tentative suggestion (romantic or social)
4. the act of moving forward
5. an amount paid before it is earned
6. increase in price or value

"advances in treatment" clearly means progress in development, a change for the better.
Therefore, sense 2 is the correct one.
Let's double check.
"advance" as in "technological advances", "medical advances". This matches "a change for the better; progress in development".
Sense 2.
Number only: 2.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "treatment" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in <t>treatment</t>, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon. "

Senses:
1. definition=care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury)
2. definition=the management of someone or something | examples=the handling of prisoners
3. definition=a manner of dealing with something artistically | examples=his treatment of space borrows from Italian architecture
4. definition=an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic | examples=the book contains an excellent discussion of modal logic

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in <t>treatment</t>, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon."
The word "treatment" here is used in the context of "advances in treatment" and "basic research will begin showing results there soon", which strongly implies medical treatment (care provided to improve a situation, especially medical procedures intended to relieve illness or injury).
Let's check the senses:
1. care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury)
2. the management of someone or something
3. a manner of dealing with something artistically
4. an extended communication dealing with some particular topic

Sense 1 fits perfectly. "advances in treatment" refers to medical treatments.
Therefore, the number is 1.
End of thought.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "basic" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this <t>basic</t> research will begin showing results there soon. "

Senses:
1. definition=pertaining to or constituting a base or basis | examples=a basic fact
2. definition=reduced to the simplest and most significant form possible without loss of generality | examples=a basic story line
3. definition=serving as a base or starting point | examples=a basic course in Russian
4. definition=of or denoting or of the nature of or containing a base

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon."
The word "basic" is used in the phrase "basic research".
"Basic research" refers to research that is fundamental, forming the base or basis for further applied research.
Let's look at the senses:
1. pertaining to or constituting a base or basis (e.g., a basic fact)
2. reduced to the simplest and most significant form possible without loss of generality (e.g., a basic story line)
3. serving as a base or starting point (e.g., a basic course in Russian)
4. of or denoting or of the nature of or containing a base (chemistry)

Sense 1: "pertaining to or constituting a base or basis". Basic research is fundamental research, forming the basis of applied research.
Wait, "basic research" is often considered fundamental.
Let's check WordNet senses for "basic".
Sense 1: pertaining to or constituting a base or basis; "a basic fact"; "the basic ingredients"; "basic assumptions"
Sense 2: reduced to the simplest and most significant form possible without loss of generality; "a basic story line"; "a syllable" -> wait, "basic story line" is WordNet sense 2? No, "a syllable" is not here.
Sense 3: serving as a base or starting point; "a basic course in Russian"; "basic training for pilots"
Sense 4: of or denoting or of the nature of or containing a base.

In the context of "basic research", it means fundamental, forming the base or basis. So Sense 1.

Wait, is "basic research" considered Sense 1 or Sense 3?
"basic research" = research directed towards fundamental understanding, forming the base/basis. So Sense 1.
Let's consider "basic training" -> Sense 3 (starting point).
"basic course" -> Sense 3.
"basic fact" -> Sense 1.
"basic research" -> definitely Sense 1 (constituting a base or basis).

Let's double check.
"basic research" -> fundamental research. Fundamental = base/basis.
Sense 1 fits best.
I will return 1.
End of thought.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "begin" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will <t>begin</t> showing results there soon. "

Senses:
1. definition=take the first step or steps in carrying out an action | examples=We began working at dawn
2. definition=have a beginning, in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense | examples=The DMZ begins right over the hill
3. definition=set in motion, cause to start | examples=The U.S. started a war in the Middle East
4. definition=begin to speak or say;  he began | examples=Now listen, friends,
5. definition=be the first item or point, constitute the beginning or start, come first in a series | examples=The number `one' begins the sequence
6. definition=have a beginning, of a temporal event | examples=WW II began in 1939 when Hitler marched into Poland
7. definition=have a beginning characterized in some specified way | examples=The novel begins with a murder
8. definition=begin an event that is implied and limited by the nature or inherent function of the direct object | examples=begin a cigar
9. definition=achieve or accomplish in the least degree, usually used in the negative | examples=This economic measure doesn't even begin to deal with the problem of inflation
10. definition=begin to speak, understand, read, and write a language | examples=She began Russian at an early age

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will <t>begin</t> showing results there soon."

The word "begin" is used with an -ing participle ("showing").
"begin showing results" -> take the first step in carrying out an action.
Let's check the senses:
1. take the first step or steps in carrying out an action | We began working at dawn
2. have a beginning, in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense | The DMZ begins right over the hill
3. set in motion, cause to start | The U.S. started a war in the Middle East
4. begin to speak or say
5. be the first item or point
6. have a beginning, of a temporal event
7. have a beginning characterized in some specified way
8. begin an event that is implied and limited by the nature or inherent function of the direct object
9. achieve or accomplish in the least degree
10. begin to speak, understand, read, and write a language

Sense 1 fits perfectly: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action". The research will begin showing results (start doing the action of showing results). "We began working at dawn" is parallel to "begin showing results".

Let's double check.
"begin showing" -> begin + V-ing.
Sense 1: take the first step or steps in carrying out an action.
Sense 6: have a beginning, of a temporal event. (e.g., WW II began in 1939). Here "research" is the subject, but it's "begin showing", so it's an action.
Sense 1 is the best fit.
Number: 1.
End of thought.
1


[User]
Which numbered sense of "show" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin <t>showing</t> results there soon. "

Senses:
1. definition=give an exhibition of to an interested audience | examples=She shows her dogs frequently
2. definition=establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment | examples=The experiment demonstrated the instability of the compound
3. definition=provide evidence for | examples=The blood test showed that he was the father
4. definition=make visible or noticeable | examples=She showed her talent for cooking
5. definition=show in, or as in, a picture | examples=This scene depicts country life
6. definition=give expression to | examples=She showed her disappointment
7. definition=indicate a place, direction, person, or thing; either spatially or figuratively | examples=I showed the customer the glove section
8. definition=be or become visible or noticeable | examples=His good upbringing really shows
9. definition=indicate a certain reading; of gauges and instruments | examples=The thermometer showed thirteen degrees below zero
10. definition=give evidence of, as of records | examples=The diary shows his distress that evening
11. definition=take (someone) to their seats, as in theaters or auditoriums | examples=The usher showed us to our seats
12. definition=finish third or better in a horse or dog race | examples=he bet $2 on number six to show

reasoning_content:
The user wants to identify the correct sense of the word "show" (specifically "showing") as used in the provided sentence.
Sentence: "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon."

Let's analyze the context: "begin showing results" means "begin to produce or yield results" or "begin to demonstrate results" or "begin to provide evidence of results". Wait, let's look at the options.

Senses:
1. give an exhibition of
2. establish the validity of something (demonstrate)
3. provide evidence for (The blood test showed that he was the father)
4. make visible or noticeable (She showed her talent for cooking)
5. show in, or as in, a picture
6. give expression to
7. indicate a place, direction...
8. be or become visible or noticeable (His good upbringing really shows)
9. indicate a certain reading (thermometer)
10. give evidence of, as of records (diary shows)
11. take someone to their seats
12. finish third in a race

Wait, "showing results" -> "yield results", "produce results". Is it sense 3? "provide evidence for"? Or sense 4? "make visible or noticeable"? Or sense 2? "establish the validity of"?
Let's re-read WordNet senses for "show".
Sense: "show" - give evidence of, as of records (sense 10)? No.
Sense: "show" - establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment (sense 2)? "The experiment demonstrated..."
Sense: "show" - provide evidence for (sense 3)? "The blood test showed that he was the father"
Sense: "show" - make visible or noticeable (sense 4)? "She showed her talent for cooking" -> wait, "show results" usually means to produce results that are visible/noticeable, or to demonstrate.
Wait, "yield" or "produce" or "give".
Let's check WordNet for "show results".
"show" (verb)
- show, exhibit, present (give an exhibition of to an interested audience)
- prove, demonstrate, establish, show (establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment) "The experiment demonstrated the instability of the compound"
- show (provide evidence for) "The blood test showed that he was the father"
- show (make visible or noticeable) "She showed her talent for cooking"
- depict, picture, show (show in, or as in, a picture)
- show, express, give expression to (give expression to)
- indicate, point, show (indicate a place, direction...)
- show (be or become visible or noticeable) "His good upbringing really shows"
- show, read, register (indicate a certain reading; of gauges and instruments)
- show (give evidence of, as of records)
- show (take someone to their seats)
- show (finish third or better)

Wait, what about "yield" or "produce"? "begin showing results" -> "begin to show results". Is there a sense "show" = "give"? No, "give" is not one of the 12 senses listed, except "give an exhibition".
Let's consider "provide evidence for" (3) vs "make visible or noticeable" (4) vs "establish the validity of" (2).
Actually, "basic research will begin showing results" -> the research will begin to produce results, i.e., the results will become visible/noticeable, or it will provide evidence.
Wait, WordNet has a sense for "show": "give evidence of" (10).
Let's look at "show" in the context of "showing results". "The new treatment is showing results." This means it is producing results, making them visible/noticeable. Sense 4: "make visible or noticeable" (She showed her talent for cooking). Or maybe Sense 8: "be or become visible or noticeable" (His good upbringing really shows). But here "showing" is transitive: "showing results". So it must be a transitive sense. Sense 4 is transitive: "make visible or noticeable".
Wait, could it be Sense 2? "establish the validity of something" - no, you don't establish the validity of results.
Could it be Sense 3? "provide evidence for" - "The blood test showed that he was the father". Here, "showing results" doesn't mean "providing evidence for results".
Could it be Sense 4? "make visible or noticeable". "She showed her talent for cooking." "The research will begin showing results" (making results visible/noticeable).
Let's check if there is another sense. What about "yield" or "bear"? "The investment is showing a profit." WordNet sense for "show" as in "yield"? No, maybe it's "make visible or noticeable".

Let's rethink: "show" as in "The campaign is showing results." -> "produce" or "yield". Is there a specific WordNet sense for this?
In WordNet, "show" has the following senses:
1. show, exhibit, present (give an exhibition of to an interested audience)
2. prove, demonstrate, establish, show (establish the validity of something...)
3. testify, bear witness, prove, evidence, show (provide evidence for) "The blood test showed that he was the father" -> wait, "testify, bear witness, prove, evidence, show"
4. show (make visible or noticeable) "She showed her talent for cooking" -> wait, "She showed her talent" is "make visible or noticeable"? Actually, "show" (make visible or noticeable) examples: "She showed her talent for cooking".
5. depict, picture, show (show in, or as in, a picture)
6. show, express, give expression to (give expression to)
7. indicate, point, show (indicate a place, direction, person, or thing...)
8. show (be or become visible or noticeable) "His good upbringing really shows"
9. read, register, show (indicate a certain reading; of gauges and instruments)
10. show (give evidence of, as of records) "The diary shows his distress..."
11. show, usher (take (someone) to their seats...)
12. show (finish third or better...)

Wait, is there a sense "show" = "produce"? No.
Let's check Sense 4 again. "make visible or noticeable". If research shows results, it makes the results visible or noticeable.
Wait, what if it's Sense 3? "provide evidence for"? No.
What if it's Sense 2? "establish the validity of"? No.
Let's consider Sense 4: "make visible or noticeable".
Is there any other sense? "give evidence of, as of records" (10) - no, research is not a record.
"be or become visible or noticeable" (8) - intransitive. Here "showing" takes an object "results", so it's transitive.

Let's search for "showing results" in WordNet or similar corpora.
Often, "show results" is mapped to "make visible or noticeable" or "yield". Since "yield" isn't an option, Sense 4 is the most likely transitive sense for producing/making visible.
Wait! Could it be "show" as in "prove, demonstrate, establish, show" (Sense 2)? "The experiment demonstrated the instability..." -> "The research will begin demonstrating results". That sounds plausible. "Demonstrate results" is a common collocation. "The research will begin demonstrating results." So "show" = "demonstrate" = Sense 2?
But "demonstrate results" usually means "show that it works".
Let's check the exact definition of Sense 4: "make visible or noticeable". Example: "She showed her talent for cooking."
Sense 3: "provide evidence for". Example: "The blood test showed that he was the father."
Sense 2: "establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment". Example: "The experiment demonstrated the instability of the compound."

Let's look at the phrase "show results".
"The new treatment is showing good results." -> "yield" or "produce". Since "yield" is not there, maybe it's "make visible or noticeable" (4).
Wait, "show" in "show results" might be classified under Sense 4 (make visible or noticeable).
Let's consider the SemCor or WordNet sense-tagged corpus.
Sentence: "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon."
This looks like a sentence from the Brown corpus or a similar standard corpus used for WSD (like Senseval or SemEval).
Actually, it looks like a sentence from the OANC or Wall Street Journal. "All this may not be obvious to the public..."
If it's from a standard dataset, "show" + "results" is often tagged as Sense 4 (make visible or noticeable) or Sense 2.
Wait, let's think about "show" as "yield". WordNet doesn't have "yield" for "show".
Could it be Sense 4? "make visible or noticeable".
Let's check the examples for Sense 4 in WordNet: "She showed her talent for cooking".
What about Sense 8? "be or become visible or noticeable" -> "His good upbringing really shows".
What about Sense 10? "give evidence of, as of records" -> "The diary shows his distress".

Let's reconsider Sense 2: "establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment". The synonyms are prove, demonstrate, establish, show. "The experiment demonstrated the instability..." "Research will begin demonstrating results" -> "demonstrate results" is very common. But does it establish the validity of *results*? No, it establishes the validity of a *hypothesis*.

Let's reconsider Sense 4: "make visible or noticeable". Synonyms: show. "She showed her talent for cooking". "The research will begin making results visible/noticeable".

What about Sense 3: "provide evidence for". Synonyms: testify, bear witness, prove, evidence, show.

Let's search my knowledge base for the exact sentence: "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results there soon."
This is likely from the Penn Treebank / Brown / WSJ.
In the WordNet sense-tagged corpus (SemCor), "show" has several senses.
If we map "showing results" to "producing results", which WordNet sense is it?
Often, "show" meaning "produce" or "yield" (e.g., "the company showed a profit") is mapped to Sense 4 (make visible or noticeable) or Sense 9 (indicate a certain reading). But Sense 9 is for gauges.
Wait, "show a profit" is often Sense 4.
Let's guess Sense 4.

Wait, is there any chance it's Sense 8? "be or become visible or noticeable". "results" is the object, so it's transitive. Sense 8 is intransitive. So it must be Sense 4.

Let's review the options again.
1. give an exhibition of
2. establish the validity of
3. provide evidence for
4. make visible or noticeable
5. show in a picture
6. give expression to
7. indicate a place
8. be or become visible
9. indicate a reading
10. give evidence of, as of records
11. take to seats
12. finish third

"make visible or noticeable" (4) seems to be the best fit for transitive "show" when it means to produce or yield (e.g., show results, show a profit, show talent).

Let's double check if it could be 3. "provide evidence for". "The blood test showed that he was the father". Here, "show" takes a clause. In the sentence, "show" takes a noun phrase "results". "Provide evidence for results" doesn't make sense.

Could it be 2? "establish the validity of". "establish the validity of results" doesn't make sense. You establish the validity of a theory, not results.

Could it be 10? "give evidence of, as of records". Research is not a record.

So 4 is the most logical choice. "make visible or noticeable" -> "make results visible/noticeable" -> "produce results".

Let's confirm if "show" in "show results" is Sense 4.
Yes, "show" (make visible or noticeable) covers instances where something is manifested or produced, like "showing results", "showing signs of life", "showing a profit".

Therefore, the correct sense is 4.
I will return 4.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "result" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing <t>results</t> there soon. "

Senses:
1. definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | examples=the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise
2. definition=a statement that solves a problem or explains how to solve the problem | examples=they were trying to find a peaceful solution
3. definition=something that results | examples=he listened for the results on the radio
4. definition=the semantic role of the noun phrase whose referent exists only by virtue of the activity denoted by the verb in the clause

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing <t>results</t> there soon."
The word is "results".
Sense 1: a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon (e.g., magnetic effect).
Sense 2: a statement that solves a problem (e.g., solution).
Sense 3: something that results (e.g., he listened for the results on the radio - usually refers to outcomes of a process, experiment, election, etc.). Wait, "showing results" usually means producing outcomes or effects.
Let's re-examine Sense 1 vs Sense 3.
Sense 1: "a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon". Synonyms: consequence, effect, outcome, result, upshot.
Sense 3: "something that results". Synonyms: result, final result, resultant, termination. Examples: "he listened for the results on the radio", "the results of the experiments". Wait, WordNet defines:
Sense 1: result, consequence, effect, outcome, upshot - a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon; "the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise"; "his decision had depressing consequences for business"; "he acted very wise after the event"
Sense 3: result, final result, resultant, final result, termination - something that results; "he listened for the results on the radio"
Wait, "showing results" in the context of research. Research produces results (findings, outcomes).
Let's check WordNet for "result".
Noun:
1. result, consequence, effect, outcome, upshot (a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon)
2. solution, answer, result, resolution, solvation (a statement that solves a problem or explains how to solve the problem)
3. result, final result, resultant, termination (something that results) "he listened for the results on the radio"
4. result (the semantic role of the noun phrase...)

Actually, in WordNet, "results" of research/experiments usually falls under Sense 3 or Sense 1?
Wait, if it's "the results of the election", it's Sense 3.
What about "basic research will begin showing results"?
"results" here means the outcomes of the research.
Could it be Sense 3? "something that results" -> "he listened for the results on the radio".
Let's consider "showing results". Often "results" in medical or scientific research refers to the findings or the outcomes.
Is there a better fit?
In WordNet:
Sense 1: consequence, effect. "the treatment had good results" -> effect.
Sense 3: "something that results".
Let's look at the example for Sense 3: "he listened for the results on the radio". This implies the outcome of a game or election.
What about "showing results"? "This basic research will begin showing results". Here "results" means positive outcomes or effects (i.e., it will start working, producing beneficial effects). So Sense 1 (a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon - i.e., effect/outcome).
Wait, "show results" means to produce a positive effect. "The treatment is showing results." -> effect.
Therefore, Sense 1 is more appropriate for "producing an effect/outcome".
Let's double check.
Sense 1: a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon.
Sense 3: something that results.
"showing results" -> producing effects. So Sense 1.
Wait, let's think if Sense 3 is "the outcome of an investigation/experiment". WordNet sense for "finding" or "result" of an experiment.
Actually, in WordNet, "result" (something that results) has hyponyms like "accomplishment", "achievement", etc.? No.
Let's search for "showing results" in WordNet examples. Not there.
What about "the results of the experiment"? It's usually Sense 3 or Sense 1?
If I say "the experiment yielded good results", it's Sense 1 (effects) or Sense 3 (something that results)?
Usually, "result" as "effect" is Sense 1. "The new drug shows good results" -> effects.
Let's choose 1. Wait, let me review Sense 3: "something that results". Examples: "he listened for the results on the radio". This specifically refers to the final outcome of a contest or event.
"basic research will begin showing results" -> producing effects/benefits. Thus, Sense 1.
Let's consider another angle. Could it be 3? "results" as in "data/findings". "He published his results." That might be Sense 3. But "showing results" means "proving effective", which aligns with "effect" (Sense 1).
I will go with 1.
Wait, let me just confirm WordNet's exact definitions.
1. result, consequence, effect, outcome, upshot
3. result, final result, resultant, termination
"showing results" = producing an effect. So 1.
I will output 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "there" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results <t>there</t> soon. "

Senses:
1. definition=in or at that place | examples=they have lived there for years
2. definition=in that matter | examples=I agree with you there
3. definition=to or toward that place; away from the speaker | examples=go there around noon!

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "All this may not be obvious to the public, which is concerned about advances in treatment, but I am convinced this basic research will begin showing results <t>there</t> soon."
The context is about "advances in treatment" and "basic research will begin showing results there soon."
Wait, "there" refers to "in that matter" or "in that area/field" (i.e., in treatment / in basic research).
Let's check the senses:
1. in or at that place (physical place)
2. in that matter (e.g., I agree with you there)
3. to or toward that place

In the sentence, "results there" means results in that matter/area/field (treatment/research).
So sense 2 is the best fit.

Let's double check.
"results there" -> in that respect, in that matter.
Sense 2: definition=in that matter | examples=I agree with you there.
Yes, "there" is used figuratively to mean "in that area/matter".

Number: 2.
Wait, could it be 1? "in or at that place". Sometimes "there" is used for an abstract place, but "in that matter" is exactly sense 2.
"showing results there" -> in that matter.

Let's confirm.
Sense 1: physical place.
Sense 2: in that matter/respect.
Sense 3: direction.

Therefore, 2.
I will return 2.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "make" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Dr. Dryja <t>made</t> his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986.

Senses:
1. definition=engage in | examples=make love, not war
2. definition=give certain properties to something | examples=get someone mad
3. definition=make or cause to be or to become | examples=make a mess in one's office
4. definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR
5. definition=give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally | examples=cause a commotion
6. definition=create or manufacture a man-made product | examples=We produce more cars than we can sell
7. definition=make, formulate, or derive in the mind | examples=I draw a line here
8. definition=compel or make somebody or something to act in a certain way | examples=People cannot be made to integrate just by passing a law!
9. definition=create by artistic means | examples=create a poem
10. definition=earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages | examples=How much do you make a month in your new job?
11. definition=create or design, often in a certain way | examples=Do my room in blue
12. definition=to compose or represent: | examples=This wall forms the background of the stage setting
13. definition=reach a goal, e.g., | examples=make the first team
14. definition=be or be capable of being changed or made into | examples=He makes a great host
15. definition=make by shaping or bringing together constituents | examples=make a dress
16. definition=perform or carry out | examples=make a decision
17. definition=make by combining materials and parts | examples=this little pig made his house out of straw
18. definition=change from one form into another | examples=make water into wine
19. definition=act in a certain way so as to acquire | examples=make friends
20. definition=charge with a function; charge to be | examples=She was named Head of the Committee
21. definition=achieve a point or goal | examples=Nicklaus had a 70
22. definition=reach a destination, either real or abstract | examples=We hit Detroit by noon
23. definition=institute, enact, or establish | examples=make laws
24. definition=carry out or commit | examples=make a mistake
25. definition=form by assembling individuals or constituents | examples=Make a quorum
26. definition=organize or be responsible for | examples=hold a reception
27. definition=put in order or neaten | examples=make the bed
28. definition=head into a specified direction | examples=The escaped convict took to the hills
29. definition=have a bowel movement | examples=The dog had made in the flower beds
30. definition=undergo fabrication or creation | examples=This wool makes into a nice sweater
31. definition=be suitable for | examples=Wood makes good furniture
32. definition=add up to | examples=four and four make eight
33. definition=amount to | examples=This salary increase makes no difference to my standard of living
34. definition=constitute the essence of | examples=Clothes make the man
35. definition=appear to begin an activity | examples=He made to speak but said nothing in the end
36. definition=proceed along a path | examples=work one's way through the crowd
37. definition=reach in time | examples=We barely made the plane
38. definition=gather and light the materials for | examples=make a fire
39. definition=prepare for eating by applying heat | examples=Cook me dinner, please
40. definition=induce to have sex | examples=Harry finally seduced Sally
41. definition=assure the success of | examples=A good review by this critic will make your play!
42. definition=represent fictitiously, as in a play, or pretend to be or act like | examples=She makes like an actress
43. definition=consider as being | examples=It wasn't the problem some people made it
44. definition=calculate as being | examples=I make the height about 100 feet
45. definition=cause to be enjoyable or pleasurable | examples=make my day
46. definition=favor the development of | examples=Practice makes the winner
47. definition=develop into | examples=He will make a splendid father!
48. definition=behave in a certain way | examples=make merry
49. definition=eliminate urine | examples=Again, the cat had made on the expensive rug

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "Dr. Dryja <t>made</t> his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986."
The word is "made".
The phrase is "made a discovery".
Looking at the senses:
1. engage in
2. give certain properties
3. make or cause to be
4. cause to do
5. give rise to
6. create or manufacture
7. make, formulate, or derive in the mind (examples: I draw a line here) - wait, "make a discovery" could be "perform or carry out" (16) or "make, formulate, or derive in the mind" (7) or "create or manufacture" (6). Let's check typical WordNet senses for "make a discovery".
Wait, sense 16: "perform or carry out" (examples: make a decision). "Make a discovery" is similar to "make a decision" or "make a finding".
Let's see: WordNet sense for "make" + "discovery".
Wait, "make a discovery" -> "make" as in "perform or carry out" (make a decision, make a move, make a pass, make a discovery).
Let's check the WordNet definition of "perform or carry out": "make a decision", "make a move", "make a pass".
Another option: "create or manufacture a man-made product" (6). No.
"make, formulate, or derive in the mind" (7): "I draw a line here", "draw a conclusion", "make a deduction".
Wait, "make a discovery" is often classified under "perform or carry out" or maybe "achieve a point or goal"?
Let's look at sense 16: "perform or carry out" | examples=make a decision.
Is "make a discovery" performing or carrying out? Yes, making a discovery, making an observation, making a decision.
Wait, let's search for "make a discovery" in WordNet.
"make" (perform or carry out) "make a decision", "make a move", "make a pass", "make a discovery"?
Let's check WordNet 3.1:
make, do (perform or carry out) "make a decision"; "make a move"; "make advances"; "make a discovery" - wait, is "make a discovery" an example? No, the example is just "make a decision".
Let's check "make" (create or manufacture a man-made product).
Let's check "make" (make, formulate, or derive in the mind).
Actually, "make a discovery" is often linked to "make" as in "perform or carry out" (sense 16).
Wait, could it be 16? Let's check the examples for 16: "make a decision".
What about sense 7? "make, formulate, or derive in the mind" - "I draw a line here", "draw a conclusion", "draw parallels".
What about sense 5? "give rise to; cause to happen or occur" - "cause a commotion", "make a stir".
What about sense 24? "carry out or commit" - "make a mistake", "commit a crime".
"make a discovery" -> perform or carry out (16).

Let's rethink: "make a discovery".
In WordNet, the synset for "perform or carry out" is `make, do`. Examples: "make a decision", "make a move", "make a pass", "make a discovery"? No, "make a decision" is the main one.
Wait, there's another synset: `make` (create or design, often in a certain way) - "Do my room in blue".
There's `make` (reach a goal) - "make the first team".
There's `make` (achieve a point or goal) - "Nicklaus had a 70".
There's `make` (institute, enact, or establish) - "make laws".
There's `make` (carry out or commit) - "make a mistake", "commit murder".
Is "make a discovery" under "perform or carry out"? Yes, "make a discovery" means to perform the act of discovering.

Let's check if there's a specific synset for "make" meaning "discover". No.
Could it be 16? "perform or carry out" | examples=make a decision.
"make a discovery" is an action.
Let's consider "make" in "make a discovery". "Make" here is a light verb. The noun "discovery" carries the semantic weight. Light verb "make" usually maps to "perform or carry out" (e.g., make a decision, make a claim, make a discovery, make an attempt).
Therefore, 16 is the most appropriate sense.

Let's double check sense 16: "perform or carry out".
Synonyms: make, do.
Examples: "make a decision"; "make a move"; "make a pass"; "make a discovery"? I am not sure if "make a discovery" is explicitly in the examples, but "make a decision" is.

Could it be 7? "make, formulate, or derive in the mind". Examples: "I draw a line here", "draw a conclusion". "Make a discovery" is not just in the mind, it's an achievement/action.

Could it be 6? "create or manufacture". No.

Let's confidently go with 16.
Wait, is there any other sense?
"make" (verb)
1. create
2. cause to be
3. give certain properties
...
Let's check WordNet verb "make":
- make, create (make or cause to be or to become) "make a mess in one's office"
- make (make, formulate, or derive in the mind) "I draw a line here"
- make, produce (create or manufacture a man-made product)
- make, do (perform or carry out) "make a decision"
- make (carry out or commit) "make a mistake"

Yes, "make a discovery" aligns perfectly with "make, do" (perform or carry out).
I will output 16.
Checking for any other possibilities.
"make a discovery" -> 16.
Done.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "discovery" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma <t>discovery</t> in 1986.

Senses:
1. definition=the act of discovering something
2. definition=something that is discovered
3. definition=a productive insight
4. definition=(law) compulsory pretrial disclosure of documents relevant to a case; enables one side in a litigation to elicit information from the other side concerning the facts in the case

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma <t>discovery</t> in 1986."
The word "discovery" here refers to the thing that was discovered (the retinoblastoma gene/mutation) or the act of discovering it. Wait, "made his discovery" usually refers to the act of discovering or the thing discovered. Let's look at the senses.
1. the act of discovering something
2. something that is discovered
3. a productive insight
4. (law) compulsory pretrial disclosure...

"made his retinoblastoma discovery" -> the discovery of the retinoblastoma gene. Is it the act or the thing?
Often, "make a discovery" refers to the act of discovering, or the thing discovered.
Let's consider WordNet senses for "discovery":
1. discovery, find, uncovering (the act of discovering something)
2. discovery (something that is discovered) "the discovery of the new element" - wait, "the discovery of vitamins" -> something that is discovered? No, "discovery" as "something that is discovered" e.g., "a new discovery".
Let's check WordNet exact definitions:
Sense 1: discovery, find, uncovering (the act of discovering something)
Sense 2: discovery (something that is discovered)
Sense 3: discovery, breakthrough, find (a productive insight)
Sense 4: discovery (law) compulsory pretrial disclosure...

In "made his retinoblastoma discovery", "discovery" is the object of "made". You "make" an act of discovery, or you "make" a discovery (which is the thing discovered). Wait, "make a discovery" is a light verb construction. The noun "discovery" in "make a discovery" usually corresponds to the act (Sense 1) or the thing (Sense 2)?
Actually, "the discovery of America" -> act. "His discovery was published" -> thing.
"Dr. Dryja made his retinoblastoma discovery in 1986." -> He discovered the retinoblastoma gene in 1986. This refers to the event/act of discovering.
Wait, let's think if "discovery" as "something that is discovered" fits better. "His retinoblastoma discovery" = the thing he discovered (the gene). But "made" implies the action. "He made the discovery in 1986" = he performed the act of discovering in 1986.
Let's check the context of similar sentences in SemCor or WordNet examples.
"he made a discovery" -> usually Sense 1 (the act of discovering something) or Sense 2?
WordNet example for Sense 1: "the discovery of the new element" (Wait, is that Sense 1 or 2?)
Let's look at WordNet 3.1:
Noun:
1. discovery, find, uncovering - the act of discovering something
2. discovery - something that is discovered
3. discovery, breakthrough, find - a productive insight
4. discovery - (law) compulsory pretrial disclosure...

If I say "made a discovery", it's the act. "He made his discovery in 1986." -> the act took place in 1986.
If it were the thing, it would be "His discovery was published in 1986."
Therefore, "made his ... discovery" refers to the act of discovering.
Wait, could it be Sense 2? "something that is discovered". "His retinoblastoma discovery" = the retinoblastoma gene. But "made" selects for the event. You don't "make" a thing that is discovered in 1986, you "make" the discovery (the act).
Let's choose 1.

Wait, looking at standard dataset examples (like WiC or similar word sense disambiguation tasks), "make a discovery" is often labeled as the act of discovering.
Let's double check.
"the act of discovering something" -> 1.
I will return 1.
End of thought.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "then" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: <t>Then</t> last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous.

Senses:
1. definition=subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors) | examples=then he left
2. definition=in that case or as a consequence | examples=if he didn't take it, then who did?
3. definition=at that time | examples=I was young then

reasoning_content:
The user wants to identify the correct sense of the word "then" in the provided sentence.
Sentence: "<t>Then</t> last spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous."

Senses:
1. subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors) | examples=then he left
2. in that case or as a consequence | examples=if he didn't take it, then who did?
3. at that time | examples=I was young then

In the sentence, "Then last spring" means "At that time, last spring". Wait, "Then" here is used to mean "at that time" or "next in time" or "subsequently"?
Actually, "Then last spring" -> "At that time, last spring" or "Subsequently, last spring"?
Usually, "Then [time phrase]" means "At that time". For example, "Then, in 1999, he moved to Paris." -> At that time.
Wait, let's look at the options.
Sense 1: subsequently or soon afterward. (e.g., "then he left")
Sense 2: in that case.
Sense 3: at that time. (e.g., "I was young then")

"Then last spring" = "At that time, last spring".
Let's consider "Then" as "at that time". "Then" refers to a specific time in the past ("last spring").
Could it be Sense 3? Yes, "at that time".
Could it be Sense 1? "subsequently or soon afterward". "Then last spring" doesn't strictly mean "soon afterward", it just sets the time. "Then" = "At that time".

Let's check WordNet senses for "then".
1. subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors); "then he left"; "go left first, then right"; "then dead", "then he left"
2. in that case or as a consequence; "if he didn't take it, then who did?"; "the car wouldn't start, then she decided to walk"
3. at that time; "I was young then"; "prices were lower then"; "then the Romans came"

Wait, "then the Romans came" is sense 3.
In the sentence: "Then last spring, researchers reported..." -> "At that time, last spring".
So it is Sense 3.

Let's double check.
"Then last spring" -> "At that time (last spring)".
Sense 3: at that time.

Is there any ambiguity? "Then" as a sentence connector (Sense 1) usually means "next" or "after that". E.g., "We went to the store, then we went home."
Here, "Then last spring" means "At that time, last spring". It points to a specific time. Thus, Sense 3.
Wait, "then" can also just mean "at that time". "Then last spring" -> "At that time, last spring".
Yes, Sense 3.
Let's confirm if "Then last spring" might be "subsequently". Like "First this happened. Then last spring..." No, it's just setting the time frame. "At that time".

I will output 3.
There's no other logical choice.
Sentence: Then last spring, researchers reported...
Sense 3: at that time.
Number: 3.
End of thought.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "last" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Then <t>last</t> spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous.

Senses:
1. definition=immediately past | examples=last Thursday
2. definition=coming after all others in time or space or degree or being the only one remaining | examples=the last time I saw Paris
3. definition=occurring at or forming an end or termination | examples=his concluding words came as a surprise
4. definition=most unlikely or unsuitable | examples=the last person we would have suspected
5. definition=occurring at the time of death | examples=his last words
6. definition=conclusive in a process or progression | examples=the final answer
7. definition=highest in extent or degree | examples=to the last measure of human endurance
8. definition=not to be altered or undone | examples=the judge's decision is final
9. definition=lowest in rank or importance | examples=last prize

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "Then <t>last</t> spring, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous."
The word is "last" in "last spring".
"last spring" refers to the spring immediately preceding the current time (immediately past).
Let's check the senses:
1. definition=immediately past | examples=last Thursday
2. definition=coming after all others in time or space or degree or being the only one remaining | examples=the last time I saw Paris
3. definition=occurring at or forming an end or termination
4. definition=most unlikely or unsuitable
5. definition=occurring at the time of death
6. definition=conclusive in a process or progression
7. definition=highest in extent or degree
8. definition=not to be altered or undone
9. definition=lowest in rank or importance

"last spring" matches sense 1: immediately past (like "last Thursday").

Let's double check.
"last spring" means the spring of the previous year. This is "immediately past".
Sense 1 is "immediately past".
Sense 2 is "coming after all others...".

Therefore, the correct sense is 1.
End of thought.
1


[User]
Which numbered sense of "spring" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Then last <t>spring</t>, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous.

Senses:
1. definition=the season of growth | examples=the emerging buds were a sure sign of spring
2. definition=a metal elastic device that returns to its shape or position when pushed or pulled or pressed | examples=the spring was broken
3. definition=a natural flow of ground water
4. definition=a point at which water issues forth
5. definition=the elasticity of something that can be stretched and returns to its original length
6. definition=a light, self-propelled movement upwards or forwards

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "Then last <t>spring</t>, researchers reported finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous."
The word "spring" here refers to the season of the year ("last spring").
Looking at the senses:
1. definition=the season of growth | examples=the emerging buds were a sure sign of spring
2. definition=a metal elastic device...
3. definition=a natural flow of ground water
4. definition=a point at which water issues forth
5. definition=the elasticity...
6. definition=a light, self-propelled movement...

Sense 1 is the correct sense.
Number: 1.
End of thought.
1


[User]
Which numbered sense of "report" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Then last spring, researchers <t>reported</t> finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous.

Senses:
1. definition=to give an account or representation of in words | examples=Discreet Italian police described it in a manner typically continental
2. definition=announce as the result of an investigation or experience or finding | examples=Dozens of incidents of wife beatings are reported daily in this city
3. definition=announce one's presence | examples=I report to work every day at 9 o'clock
4. definition=make known to the authorities | examples=One student reported the other to the principal
5. definition=be responsible for reporting the details of, as in journalism | examples=Snow reported on China in the 1950's
6. definition=complain about; make a charge against | examples=I reported her to the supervisor

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "Then last spring, researchers <t>reported</t> finding a gene called p53 which, if impaired, turns healthy colon cells cancerous."
The word is "reported".
The context is researchers announcing the result of an investigation or finding (finding a gene).
Let's look at the senses:
1. to give an account or representation of in words
2. announce as the result of an investigation or experience or finding | examples=Dozens of incidents of wife beatings are reported daily in this city
3. announce one's presence
4. make known to the authorities
5. be responsible for reporting the details of, as in journalism
6. complain about; make a charge against

Wait, sense 2: "announce as the result of an investigation or experience or finding". The researchers reported *finding* a gene. This perfectly matches "announce as the result of an investigation or experience or finding".
Let's double check.
Sense 1: describe.
Sense 2: announce as a result of investigation/finding. "researchers reported finding..." -> "finding" is the result of an investigation.
Therefore, sense 2 is the correct one.
Let's review the examples for sense 2: "Dozens of incidents of wife beatings are reported daily in this city" - wait, the example is about reporting incidents, but the definition is "announce as the result of an investigation or experience or finding".
Another example of sense 2 in WordNet: "report" - announce as the result of an investigation or experience or finding; "Dozens of incidents of wife beatings are reported daily in this city"
Yes, this is WordNet sense 2.
Sense 1 is "report, describe, account" - to give an account or representation of in words.
Sense 2 is "report" - announce as the result of an investigation or experience or finding.
The sentence has "researchers reported finding...". This is definitely sense 2.
Number: 2.
I will return 2.