[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: company
Target surface form: companies
Context:
American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. <t>companies</t>, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=company%1:14:01:: | definition=an institution created to conduct business | examples=he only invests in large well-established companies; he started the company in his garage
2. sense_key=company%1:14:03:: | definition=small military unit; usually two or three platoons
3. sense_key=company%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being with someone | synonyms=companionship, fellowship, society | examples=he missed their company; he enjoyed the society of his friends
4. sense_key=company%1:14:02:: | definition=organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical) | synonyms=troupe | examples=the traveling company all stayed at the same hotel
5. sense_key=company%1:18:00:: | definition=a social or business visitor | synonyms=caller | examples=the room was a mess because he hadn't expected company
6. sense_key=company%1:14:00:: | definition=a social gathering of guests or companions | examples=the house was filled with company when I arrived
7. sense_key=company%1:14:06:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=party | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
8. sense_key=company%1:14:04:: | definition=crew of a ship including the officers; the whole force or personnel of a ship | synonyms=ship's company
9. sense_key=company%1:14:05:: | definition=a unit of firefighters including their equipment | examples=a hook-and-ladder company

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context is about American companies in Iraq's oil industry. The word "companies" refers to business institutions that participated in oil auctions. This matches sense 1: "an institution created to conduct business."


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: editor
Target surface form: editor
Context:
American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the <t>editor</t> of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=editor%1:18:00:: | definition=a person responsible for the editorial aspects of publication; the person who determines the final content of a text (especially of a newspaper or magazine) | synonyms=editor in chief
2. sense_key=editor%1:10:00:: | definition=(computer science) a program designed to perform such editorial functions as rearrangement or modification or deletion of data | synonyms=editor program

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content: The context mentions "the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet." This refers to a person who is responsible for the editorial content of a publication. This matches sense 1: a person responsible for the editorial aspects of publication.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Minimax

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: news
Target surface form: news
Context:
American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online <t>news</t> outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=news%1:10:00:: | definition=information about recent and important events | synonyms=intelligence, tidings, word | examples=they awaited news of the outcome
2. sense_key=news%1:10:01:: | definition=information reported in a newspaper or news magazine | examples=the news of my death was greatly exaggerated
3. sense_key=news%1:10:02:: | definition=a program devoted to current events, often using interviews and commentary | synonyms=news program, news show | examples=we watch the 7 o'clock news every night
4. sense_key=news%1:10:03:: | definition=informal information of any kind that is not previously known to someone | examples=it was news to me
5. sense_key=news%1:07:00:: | definition=the quality of being sufficiently interesting to be reported in news bulletins | synonyms=newsworthiness | examples=the judge conceded the newsworthiness of the trial; he is no longer news in the fashion world

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "news" appears in the context of "an online <t>news</t> outlet." Here, "news" is being used as an adjective modifying "outlet," referring to a media organization that reports current events.

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. "information about recent and important events" - this is the general concept of news
2. "information reported in a newspaper or news magazine" - this refers to news as content in publications
3. "a program devoted to current events" - this is about a TV/radio program
4. "informal information of any kind" - about unknown information
5. "the quality of being sufficiently interesting to be reported" - newsworthiness

The context says "an online news outlet" - here "news" is functioning as a modifier describing the type of outlet. The outlet provides news (information about recent and important events). This aligns most closely with sense 1, which is the general definition of news as "information about recent and important events." A "news outlet" is an outlet that provides this kind of information.

Sense 2 is more specific to newspapers/magazines, but here it's an online outlet, which is broader. Sense 1 is the best fit for the general concept being referenced.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: outlet
Target surface form: outlet
Context:
American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news <t>outlet</t>. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=outlet%1:06:01:: | definition=a place of business for retailing goods | synonyms=mercantile establishment, retail store, sales outlet
2. sense_key=outlet%1:06:02:: | definition=receptacle providing a place in a wiring system where current can be taken to run electrical devices | synonyms=wall socket, wall plug, electric outlet, electrical outlet, electric receptacle
3. sense_key=outlet%1:06:00:: | definition=an opening that permits escape or release | synonyms=exit, issue, way out | examples=he blocked the way out; the canyon had only one issue
4. sense_key=outlet%1:04:00:: | definition=activity that frees or expresses creative energy or emotion | synonyms=release, vent | examples=she had no other outlet for her feelings; he gave vent to his anger

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "outlet" appears in the context: "an online news outlet." This refers to a media organization or publication that disseminates news.

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. A place of business for retailing goods (retail store)
2. A receptacle for electrical devices (wall socket)
3. An opening that permits escape or release (exit)
4. An activity that frees or expresses creative energy or emotion (release, vent)

None of these directly match "news outlet" in the sense of a media organization. However, sense 1 is the closest - "a place of business for retailing goods" with synonyms "mercantile establishment, retail store, sales outlet." The term "news outlet" is commonly used to refer to a news organization, which is a type of business/entity that distributes (retails) news content.

Sense 1 seems to be the best fit because "outlet" in the context of "news outlet" refers to a business/organization that distributes news to the public, similar to how a retail store distributes goods. The other senses don't fit at all - it's not an electrical outlet, not an exit, and not an emotional release.

So sense_index 1 is the best choice.

provider: Parasail


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: concern
Target surface form: Concerns
Context:
The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. <t>Concerns</t> over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=concern%1:09:00:: | definition=something that interests you because it is important or affects you | examples=the safety of the ship is the captain's concern
2. sense_key=concern%1:12:01:: | definition=an anxious feeling | synonyms=care, fear | examples=care had aged him; they hushed it up out of fear of public reaction
3. sense_key=concern%1:12:00:: | definition=a feeling of sympathy for someone or something | examples=She felt strong concern for those less fortunate
4. sense_key=concern%1:09:01:: | definition=something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness | synonyms=worry, headache, vexation | examples=New York traffic is a constant concern; it's a major worry
5. sense_key=concern%1:14:00:: | definition=a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it | synonyms=business, business concern, business organization, business organisation | examples=he bought his brother's business; a small mom-and-pop business

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "Concerns" in the context: "Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq."

This refers to worries or sources of anxiety about security and political instability. Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=concern%1:09:00:: | definition=something that interests you because it is important or affects you | examples=the safety of the ship is the captain's concern
2. sense_key=concern%1:12:01:: | definition=an anxious feeling | synonyms=care, fear | examples=care had aged him; they hushed it up out of fear of public reaction
3. sense_key=concern%1:12:00:: | definition=a feeling of sympathy for someone or something | examples=She felt strong concern for those less fortunate
4. sense_key=concern%1:09:01:: | definition=something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness | synonyms=worry, headache, vexation | examples=New York traffic is a constant concern; it's a major worry
5. sense_key=concern%1:14:00:: | definition=a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it | synonyms=business, business concern, business organization, business organisation | examples=he bought his brother's business; a small mom-and-pop business

The context talks about "Concerns over security" - this is referring to things that cause anxiety/worry (security issues, bombings, political instability). This matches sense 4 - "something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness" with synonyms worry, headache, vexation.

Sense 2 is about an anxious feeling itself, but here "Concerns over security" is more like the sources of worry rather than the feeling itself.

Sense 4 fits best because security concerns, bombings, and political instability are sources of anxiety that kept companies from investing.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: security
Target surface form: security
Context:
The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over <t>security</t>, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=security%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being free from danger or injury | examples=we support the armed services in the name of national security
2. sense_key=security%1:21:01:: | definition=defense against financial failure; financial independence | synonyms=protection | examples=his pension gave him security in his old age; insurance provided protection against loss of wages due to illness
3. sense_key=security%1:12:00:: | definition=freedom from anxiety or fear | examples=the watch dog gave her a feeling of security
4. sense_key=security%1:21:04:: | definition=a formal declaration that documents a fact of relevance to finance and investment; the holder has a right to receive interest or dividends | synonyms=certificate | examples=he held several valuable securities
5. sense_key=security%1:21:00:: | definition=property that your creditor can claim in case you default on your obligation | synonyms=surety | examples=bankers are reluctant to lend without good security
6. sense_key=security%1:14:00:: | definition=a department responsible for the security of the institution's property and workers | synonyms=security department | examples=the head of security was a former policeman
7. sense_key=security%1:10:00:: | definition=a guarantee that an obligation will be met | synonyms=surety
8. sense_key=security%1:06:00:: | definition=an electrical device that sets off an alarm when someone tries to break in | synonyms=security system, security measure
9. sense_key=security%1:04:00:: | definition=measures taken as a precaution against theft or espionage or sabotage etc. | synonyms=security measures | examples=military security has been stepped up since the recent uprising

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context discusses concerns over "security" in Iraq, specifically mentioning "massive coordinated bombings" and political instability. This refers to the state of being free from danger or injury, particularly in the context of war, bombings, and the safety of operations. This matches sense 1: "the state of being free from danger or injury" with examples like "national security."


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bombing
Target surface form: bombings
Context:
The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated <t>bombings</t> Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bombing%1:04:00:: | definition=an attack by dropping bombs | synonyms=bombardment
2. sense_key=bombing%1:04:01:: | definition=the use of bombs for sabotage; a tactic frequently used by terrorists

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: instability
Target surface form: instability
Context:
The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political <t>instability</t> as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=instability%1:26:00:: | definition=an unstable order
2. sense_key=instability%1:07:01:: | definition=unreliability attributable to being unstable
3. sense_key=instability%1:26:01:: | definition=a lack of balance or state of disequilibrium | synonyms=imbalance, unbalance | examples=a hormonal imbalance
4. sense_key=instability%1:07:00:: | definition=the quality or attribute of being unstable and irresolute | synonyms=unstableness

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context discusses political instability in Iraq as the U.S. military withdraws. This refers to an unstable political order/situation.

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. "an unstable order" - this fits political instability well
2. "unreliability attributable to being unstable" - this is more about unreliability
3. "a lack of balance or state of disequilibrium" - this is about imbalance, like hormonal
4. "the quality or attribute of being unstable and irresolute" - this is about being irresolute/indecisive

The context is about political instability in Iraq - an unstable political order. Sense 1 "an unstable order" fits best.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: u.s.
Target surface form: U.S.
Context:
The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the <t>U.S.</t> military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=u.s.%1:14:00:: | definition=the executive and legislative and judicial branches of the federal government of the United States | synonyms=United States government, United States, U.S. government
2. sense_key=us%1:15:00:: | definition=North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776 | synonyms=United States, United States of America, America, the States, USA

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "U.S." in the context: "as the <t>U.S.</t> military withdraws"

This refers to the United States as a country/nation, not the government specifically. The context is about U.S. military withdrawing from Iraq, which refers to the country of the United States.

Sense 1 refers to the government (executive, legislative, judicial branches).
Sense 2 refers to the country itself (North American republic).

The context "U.S. military withdraws" refers to the country, not specifically the government branches. So sense 2 is the best match.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: world
Target surface form: world
Context:
The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the <t>world</t>'s third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=world%1:17:01:: | definition=everything that exists anywhere | synonyms=universe, existence, creation, cosmos, macrocosm | examples=they study the evolution of the universe; the biggest tree in existence
2. sense_key=world%1:14:01:: | definition=people in general; especially a distinctive group of people with some shared interest | synonyms=domain | examples=the Western world
3. sense_key=world%1:09:00:: | definition=all of your experiences that determine how things appear to you | synonyms=reality | examples=his world was shattered; we live in different worlds
4. sense_key=world%1:17:00:: | definition=the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on | synonyms=Earth, globe | examples=the Earth moves around the sun; he sailed around the world
5. sense_key=world%1:14:02:: | definition=people in general considered as a whole | synonyms=populace, public | examples=he is a hero in the eyes of the public
6. sense_key=world%1:17:02:: | definition=a part of the earth that can be considered separately | examples=the outdoor world; the world of insects
7. sense_key=world%1:09:01:: | definition=the concerns of this life as distinguished from heaven and the afterlife | synonyms=worldly concern, earthly concern, earth | examples=they consider the church to be independent of the world
8. sense_key=world%1:05:00:: | definition=all of the living human inhabitants of the earth | synonyms=human race, humanity, humankind, human beings, humans, mankind | examples=all the world loves a lover; she always used `humankind' because `mankind' seemed to slight the women

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output: {"sense_index": 4}{"sense_index": 4}

content: {"sense_index": 4}{"sense_index": 4}

reasoning_content:
The target word "world" in the context "the world's third-largest proven crude reserves" refers to the entire planet Earth, specifically as a superlative ranking among all countries/nations. This is the sense meaning "the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on" - i.e., Earth used as a unit of comparison.

Looking at the candidates:
- Sense 4 (world%1:17:00::) - "the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on" with synonyms Earth, globe. This fits "the world's third-largest proven crude reserves" where "world" = Earth as a whole for ranking purposes.

Sense 1 (universe/cosmos) could also be considered, but "world's third-largest" clearly refers to Earth-based reserves, not the cosmos.

Sense 4 is the best match.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: world
Target surface form: world
Context:
The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the <t>world</t>'s third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=world%1:17:01:: | definition=everything that exists anywhere | synonyms=universe, existence, creation, cosmos, macrocosm | examples=they study the evolution of the universe; the biggest tree in existence
2. sense_key=world%1:14:01:: | definition=people in general; especially a distinctive group of people with some shared interest | synonyms=domain | examples=the Western world
3. sense_key=world%1:09:00:: | definition=all of your experiences that determine how things appear to you | synonyms=reality | examples=his world was shattered; we live in different worlds
4. sense_key=world%1:17:00:: | definition=the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on | synonyms=Earth, globe | examples=the Earth moves around the sun; he sailed around the world
5. sense_key=world%1:14:02:: | definition=people in general considered as a whole | synonyms=populace, public | examples=he is a hero in the eyes of the public
6. sense_key=world%1:17:02:: | definition=a part of the earth that can be considered separately | examples=the outdoor world; the world of insects
7. sense_key=world%1:09:01:: | definition=the concerns of this life as distinguished from heaven and the afterlife | synonyms=worldly concern, earthly concern, earth | examples=they consider the church to be independent of the world
8. sense_key=world%1:05:00:: | definition=all of the living human inhabitants of the earth | synonyms=human race, humanity, humankind, human beings, humans, mankind | examples=all the world loves a lover; she always used `humankind' because `mankind' seemed to slight the women

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

[Assistant] {"sense_index": 4}{"sense_index": 4}

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 8. Return only valid JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}.

content: {"sense_index": 4}{"sense_index": 4}

reasoning_content:
The context is: "Iraq... which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves"

This uses "world" in the sense of the planet Earth, referring to all countries/nations on the planet. Let me consider:

- Sense 4: "the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on" - synonyms: Earth, globe
- Sense 6: "a part of the earth that can be considered separately" - example: "the outdoor world; the world of insects"

Sense 4 fits best here because "the world's third-largest proven crude reserves" refers to the entire planet Earth. This is the planet/globe sense.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: analyst
Target surface form: analysts
Context:
The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, <t>analysts</t> said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=analyst%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is skilled at analyzing data
2. sense_key=analyst%1:18:02:: | definition=an expert who studies financial data (on credit or securities or sales or financial patterns etc.) and recommends appropriate business actions
3. sense_key=analyst%1:18:01:: | definition=a licensed practitioner of psychoanalysis | synonyms=psychoanalyst

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output: {"sense_index": 2}{"sense_index": 2}

content: {"sense_index": 2}{"sense_index": 2}

reasoning_content:
The context is about oil industry analysts commenting on American oil companies' participation in Iraq's oil industry. These analysts are likely financial/oil industry analysts who study market patterns and provide business analysis. This fits sense 2 - an expert who studies financial data and recommends appropriate business actions. Sense 1 is more general (skilled at analyzing data), and sense 3 is about psychoanalysis which doesn't fit at all.

The analysts here are experts who analyze the oil industry situation, which is a financial/business context. Sense 2 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: analyst
Target surface form: analysts
Context:
The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, <t>analysts</t> said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=analyst%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is skilled at analyzing data
2. sense_key=analyst%1:18:02:: | definition=an expert who studies financial data (on credit or securities or sales or financial patterns etc.) and recommends appropriate business actions
3. sense_key=analyst%1:18:01:: | definition=a licensed practitioner of psychoanalysis | synonyms=psychoanalyst

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

[Assistant] {"sense_index": 2}{"sense_index": 2}

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 3. Return only valid JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}.

content: {"sense_index": 2}{"sense_index": 2}

reasoning_content: The context is about oil industry analysts commenting on American oil companies' participation in Iraq's oil industry. They analyze financial/business data and provide expert commentary. This fits sense 2 - financial/business expert analyst.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: u.s.
Target surface form: U.S.
Context:
Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. <t>U.S.</t> firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders. Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached deals with the ministry.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=u.s.%1:14:00:: | definition=the executive and legislative and judicial branches of the federal government of the United States | synonyms=United States government, United States, U.S. government
2. sense_key=us%1:15:00:: | definition=North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776 | synonyms=United States, United States of America, America, the States, USA

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content: {"sense_index": 2}{"sense_index": 2}

reasoning_content:
The target word is "U.S." and the context is "U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals..."

Here, "U.S." modifies "firms" - it's referring to companies from the United States, i.e., the country. This is sense 2, which refers to the North American republic (the country itself), not the government.

Sense 1 refers to the government (executive, legislative, judicial branches).
Sense 2 refers to the country/nation.

Since "U.S. firms" means American companies (from the country), sense 2 is correct.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: u.s.
Target surface form: U.S.
Context:
Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. <t>U.S.</t> firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders. Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached deals with the ministry.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=u.s.%1:14:00:: | definition=the executive and legislative and judicial branches of the federal government of the United States | synonyms=United States government, United States, U.S. government
2. sense_key=us%1:15:00:: | definition=North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776 | synonyms=United States, United States of America, America, the States, USA

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

[Assistant] {"sense_index": 2}{"sense_index": 2}

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 2. Return only valid JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}.

content: {"sense_index": 2}{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: case
Target surface form: cases
Context:
Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some <t>cases</t> at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders. Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached deals with the ministry.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=case%1:11:00:: | definition=an occurrence of something | synonyms=instance, example | examples=it was a case of bad judgment; another instance occurred yesterday
2. sense_key=case%1:26:00:: | definition=a special set of circumstances | synonyms=event | examples=in that event, the first possibility is excluded; it may rain in which case the picnic will be canceled
3. sense_key=case%1:04:00:: | definition=a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy | synonyms=lawsuit, suit, cause, causa | examples=the family brought suit against the landlord
4. sense_key=case%1:09:00:: | definition=the actual state of things | examples=that was not the case
5. sense_key=case%1:06:00:: | definition=a portable container for carrying several objects | examples=the musicians left their instrument cases backstage
6. sense_key=case%1:18:03:: | definition=a person requiring professional services | examples=a typical case was the suburban housewife described by a marriage counselor
7. sense_key=case%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who is subjected to experimental or other observational procedures; someone who is an object of investigation | synonyms=subject, guinea pig | examples=the subjects for this investigation were selected randomly; the cases that we studied were drawn from two different communities
8. sense_key=case%1:10:02:: | definition=a problem requiring investigation | examples=Perry Mason solved the case of the missing heir
9. sense_key=case%1:10:01:: | definition=a statement of facts and reasons used to support an argument | examples=he stated his case clearly
10. sense_key=case%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity contained in a case | synonyms=caseful
11. sense_key=case%1:10:00:: | definition=nouns or pronouns or adjectives (often marked by inflection) related in some way to other words in a sentence | synonyms=grammatical case
12. sense_key=case%1:26:02:: | definition=a specific state of mind that is temporary | examples=a case of the jitters
13. sense_key=case%1:18:04:: | definition=a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities) | synonyms=character, eccentric, type | examples=a real character; a strange character
14. sense_key=case%1:10:03:: | definition=a specific size and style of type within a type family | synonyms=font, fount, typeface, face
15. sense_key=case%1:08:00:: | definition=an enveloping structure or covering enclosing an animal or plant organ or part | synonyms=sheath
16. sense_key=case%1:06:06:: | definition=the housing or outer covering of something | synonyms=shell, casing | examples=the clock has a walnut case
17. sense_key=case%1:06:07:: | definition=the enclosing frame around a door or window opening | synonyms=casing | examples=the casings had rotted away and had to be replaced
18. sense_key=case%1:06:03:: | definition=(printing) the receptacle in which a compositor has his type, which is divided into compartments for the different letters, spaces, or numbers | synonyms=compositor's case, typesetter's case | examples=for English, a compositor will ordinarily have two such cases, the upper case containing the capitals and the lower case containing the small letters
19. sense_key=case%1:06:02:: | definition=bed linen consisting of a cover for a pillow | synonyms=pillowcase, slip, pillow slip | examples=the burglar carried his loot in a pillowcase
20. sense_key=case%1:06:01:: | definition=a glass container used to store and display items in a shop or museum or home | synonyms=display case, showcase, vitrine

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output: {"sense_index": 1}{"sense_index": 1}

content: {"sense_index": 1}{"sense_index": 1}

reasoning_content:
The context is: "U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals..."

"In some cases" means "in some instances" or "in some situations/occurrences." This is the sense meaning "an occurrence of something" or "instance, example."

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=case%1:11:00:: | definition=an occurrence of something | synonyms=instance, example
2. sense_key=case%1:26:00:: | definition=a special set of circumstances | synonyms=event

Sense 1 is about an occurrence/instance, which fits "in some cases" meaning "in some instances." Sense 2 is about a special set of circumstances, which could also fit. But "in some cases" is an idiomatic expression meaning "in some instances," which maps more directly to sense 1 (an occurrence of something / instance).

The answer is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: case
Target surface form: cases
Context:
Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some <t>cases</t> at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders. Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached deals with the ministry.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=case%1:11:00:: | definition=an occurrence of something | synonyms=instance, example | examples=it was a case of bad judgment; another instance occurred yesterday
2. sense_key=case%1:26:00:: | definition=a special set of circumstances | synonyms=event | examples=in that event, the first possibility is excluded; it may rain in which case the picnic will be canceled
3. sense_key=case%1:04:00:: | definition=a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy | synonyms=lawsuit, suit, cause, causa | examples=the family brought suit against the landlord
4. sense_key=case%1:09:00:: | definition=the actual state of things | examples=that was not the case
5. sense_key=case%1:06:00:: | definition=a portable container for carrying several objects | examples=the musicians left their instrument cases backstage
6. sense_key=case%1:18:03:: | definition=a person requiring professional services | examples=a typical case was the suburban housewife described by a marriage counselor
7. sense_key=case%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who is subjected to experimental or other observational procedures; someone who is an object of investigation | synonyms=subject, guinea pig | examples=the subjects for this investigation were selected randomly; the cases that we studied were drawn from two different communities
8. sense_key=case%1:10:02:: | definition=a problem requiring investigation | examples=Perry Mason solved the case of the missing heir
9. sense_key=case%1:10:01:: | definition=a statement of facts and reasons used to support an argument | examples=he stated his case clearly
10. sense_key=case%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity contained in a case | synonyms=caseful
11. sense_key=case%1:10:00:: | definition=nouns or pronouns or adjectives (often marked by inflection) related in some way to other words in a sentence | synonyms=grammatical case
12. sense_key=case%1:26:02:: | definition=a specific state of mind that is temporary | examples=a case of the jitters
13. sense_key=case%1:18:04:: | definition=a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities) | synonyms=character, eccentric, type | examples=a real character; a strange character
14. sense_key=case%1:10:03:: | definition=a specific size and style of type within a type family | synonyms=font, fount, typeface, face
15. sense_key=case%1:08:00:: | definition=an enveloping structure or covering enclosing an animal or plant organ or part | synonyms=sheath
16. sense_key=case%1:06:06:: | definition=the housing or outer covering of something | synonyms=shell, casing | examples=the clock has a walnut case
17. sense_key=case%1:06:07:: | definition=the enclosing frame around a door or window opening | synonyms=casing | examples=the casings had rotted away and had to be replaced
18. sense_key=case%1:06:03:: | definition=(printing) the receptacle in which a compositor has his type, which is divided into compartments for the different letters, spaces, or numbers | synonyms=compositor's case, typesetter's case | examples=for English, a compositor will ordinarily have two such cases, the upper case containing the capitals and the lower case containing the small letters
19. sense_key=case%1:06:02:: | definition=bed linen consisting of a cover for a pillow | synonyms=pillowcase, slip, pillow slip | examples=the burglar carried his loot in a pillowcase
20. sense_key=case%1:06:01:: | definition=a glass container used to store and display items in a shop or museum or home | synonyms=display case, showcase, vitrine

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

[Assistant] {"sense_index": 1}{"sense_index": 1}

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 20. Return only valid JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}.

content: {"sense_index": 1}{"sense_index": 1}

reasoning_content:
The context: "U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs..."

"In some cases" means "in some instances/situations." This matches sense 1: "an occurrence of something" with synonyms "instance, example."


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: government
Target surface form: government
Context:
Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other <t>government</t> controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders. Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached deals with the ministry.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=government%1:14:00:: | definition=the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit | synonyms=authorities, regime | examples=the government reduced taxes; the matter was referred to higher authorities
2. sense_key=government%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of governing; exercising authority | synonyms=governing, governance, government activity, administration | examples=regulations for the governing of state prisons; he had considerable experience of government
3. sense_key=government%1:09:00:: | definition=(government) the system or form by which a community or other political unit is governed | examples=tyrannical government
4. sense_key=government%1:09:01:: | definition=the study of government of states and other political units | synonyms=politics, political science

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "government" appears in the phrase "government controlled energy firms." This refers to firms that are controlled by a government - meaning the state/national government as an organization that governs.

Let me consider the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=government%1:14:00:: - "the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit" - synonyms: authorities, regime. This fits "government controlled" meaning controlled by the government (the state/national authority).
2. sense_key=government%1:04:00:: - "the act of governing" - this is about the activity, not an entity.
3. sense_key=government%1:09:00:: - "the system or form by which a community is governed" - this is about a political system.
4. sense_key=government%1:04:00:: (politics) - not relevant here.

"Government controlled energy firms" clearly refers to firms controlled by the government as an organization/authority (specifically, in context, the Chinese government). This matches sense 1, which refers to the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit.

The answer is sense_index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: energy
Target surface form: energy
Context:
Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled <t>energy</t> firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders. Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached deals with the ministry.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=energy%1:19:00:: | definition=(physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs | synonyms=free energy | examples=energy can take a wide variety of forms
2. sense_key=energy%1:07:00:: | definition=forceful exertion | synonyms=vigor, vigour, zip | examples=he plays tennis with great energy; he's full of zip
3. sense_key=energy%1:07:02:: | definition=enterprising or ambitious drive | synonyms=push, get-up-and-go | examples=Europeans often laugh at American energy
4. sense_key=energy%1:07:01:: | definition=an imaginative lively style (especially style of writing) | synonyms=muscularity, vigor, vigour, vim | examples=his writing conveys great energy; a remarkable muscularity of style
5. sense_key=energy%1:26:00:: | definition=a healthy capacity for vigorous activity | synonyms=vim, vitality | examples=jogging works off my excess energy; he seemed full of vim and vigor
6. sense_key=energy%1:19:01:: | definition=any source of usable power | examples=the DOE is responsible for maintaining the energy policy
7. sense_key=energy%1:14:00:: | definition=the federal department responsible for maintaining a national energy policy of the United States; created in 1977 | synonyms=Department of Energy, Energy Department, DOE

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "energy" appears in the phrase "government controlled energy firms." This refers to companies in the energy sector - specifically oil/petroleum companies. The context is about oil companies, oil industry, crude reserves, etc.

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. Physics thermodynamic quantity - not relevant
2. Forceful exertion - not relevant
3. Enterprising or ambitious drive - not relevant
4. Imaginative lively style - not relevant
5. Healthy capacity for vigorous activity - not relevant
6. Any source of usable power - this fits "energy firms" as companies dealing with energy/power sources
7. Department of Energy - not relevant

Sense 6, "any source of usable power," is the best fit. "Energy firms" refers to companies that deal with energy sources (in this case, oil). The example "the DOE is responsible for maintaining the energy policy" also aligns with the industrial/policy context of energy companies.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: company
Target surface form: companies
Context:
The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders. Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American <t>companies</t> that reached deals with the ministry. Major U.S. firms such as Chevron and ConocoPhillips, which have cultivated close ties with the Iraqi Oil Ministry and have provided technical advice in recent years, walked away empty-handed.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=company%1:14:01:: | definition=an institution created to conduct business | examples=he only invests in large well-established companies; he started the company in his garage
2. sense_key=company%1:14:03:: | definition=small military unit; usually two or three platoons
3. sense_key=company%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being with someone | synonyms=companionship, fellowship, society | examples=he missed their company; he enjoyed the society of his friends
4. sense_key=company%1:14:02:: | definition=organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical) | synonyms=troupe | examples=the traveling company all stayed at the same hotel
5. sense_key=company%1:18:00:: | definition=a social or business visitor | synonyms=caller | examples=the room was a mess because he hadn't expected company
6. sense_key=company%1:14:00:: | definition=a social gathering of guests or companions | examples=the house was filled with company when I arrived
7. sense_key=company%1:14:06:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=party | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
8. sense_key=company%1:14:04:: | definition=crew of a ship including the officers; the whole force or personnel of a ship | synonyms=ship's company
9. sense_key=company%1:14:05:: | definition=a unit of firefighters including their equipment | examples=a hook-and-ladder company

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context is about American oil companies in Iraq. "Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached deals with the ministry." This clearly refers to business institutions. The best sense is sense_index 1 (company%1:14:01:: - an institution created to conduct business).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: deal
Target surface form: deals
Context:
The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders. Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached <t>deals</t> with the ministry. Major U.S. firms such as Chevron and ConocoPhillips, which have cultivated close ties with the Iraqi Oil Ministry and have provided technical advice in recent years, walked away empty-handed.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=deal%1:04:02:: | definition=a particular instance of buying or selling | synonyms=trade, business deal | examples=it was a package deal; I had no further trade with him
2. sense_key=deal%1:10:00:: | definition=an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each | synonyms=bargain | examples=he made a bargain with the devil; he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals
3. sense_key=deal%1:23:00:: | definition=(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent | synonyms=batch, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful, heap | examples=a batch of letters; a deal of trouble
4. sense_key=deal%1:27:00:: | definition=a plank of softwood (fir or pine board)
5. sense_key=deal%1:27:01:: | definition=wood that is easy to saw (from conifers such as pine or fir) | synonyms=softwood
6. sense_key=deal%1:14:00:: | definition=the cards held in a card game by a given player at any given time | synonyms=hand | examples=I didn't hold a good hand all evening; he kept trying to see my hand
7. sense_key=deal%1:11:00:: | definition=the type of treatment received (especially as the result of an agreement) | examples=he got a good deal on his car
8. sense_key=deal%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of distributing playing cards | examples=the deal was passed around the table clockwise
9. sense_key=deal%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of apportioning or distributing something | examples=the captain was entrusted with the deal of provisions

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about American oil companies reaching "deals" with the Iraqi Oil Ministry. This refers to business agreements/contracts between companies and the ministry.

Looking at the candidate senses:
- Sense 1: "a particular instance of buying or selling" - trade, business deal
- Sense 2: "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each" - bargain
- Sense 9: "the act of apportioning or distributing something"

The context talks about Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum reaching deals with the ministry. This is about agreements/contracts in business - oil contracts/agreements.

Sense 1 (business deal - instance of buying or selling) and Sense 2 (agreement fixing obligations) are both plausible.

In the oil industry context, "reaching deals" with the ministry typically means securing contracts/agreements to operate. These are agreements that fix obligations of each party. Sense 2 seems more fitting because it emphasizes the agreement aspect with obligations, which is what oil contracts entail.

However, Sense 1 is specifically labeled "business deal" which directly applies. The example "it was a package deal" and "I had no further trade with him" suggests commercial transactions.

Looking more carefully: "Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached deals with the ministry." This is about agreements/contracts in the oil business.

Sense 2 is about agreements fixing obligations, which is what oil contracts do. The example "he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals" fits the business context.

I think Sense 2 is the best fit because the deals here are agreements/contracts between oil companies and the government ministry, which involve obligations on both sides.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: ministry
Target surface form: ministry
Context:
The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts. Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders. Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached deals with the <t>ministry</t>. Major U.S. firms such as Chevron and ConocoPhillips, which have cultivated close ties with the Iraqi Oil Ministry and have provided technical advice in recent years, walked away empty-handed.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ministry%1:14:01:: | definition=religious ministers collectively (especially Presbyterian)
2. sense_key=ministry%1:06:00:: | definition=building where the business of a government department is transacted
3. sense_key=ministry%1:14:00:: | definition=a government department under the direction of a minister
4. sense_key=ministry%1:04:00:: | definition=the work of a minister of religion | examples=he is studying for the ministry

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about Iraq's oil industry and government dealings. The sentence says "Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached deals with the ministry." And later mentions "the Iraqi Oil Ministry." This clearly refers to a government department under the direction of a minister, specifically the Iraqi Oil Ministry.

Sense 3: "a government department under the direction of a minister" - this matches perfectly.
Sense 2: "building where the business of a government department is transacted" - this is about the building, not the department itself.
Sense 1: religious ministers - not relevant.
Sense 4: work of a minister of religion - not relevant.

The best sense is sense_index 3.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: u.s.
Target surface form: U.S.
Context:
Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders. Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached deals with the ministry. Major <t>U.S.</t> firms such as Chevron and ConocoPhillips, which have cultivated close ties with the Iraqi Oil Ministry and have provided technical advice in recent years, walked away empty-handed. Russian companies Lukoil and Gazprom were the top stakeholders in two of the contracts awarded this weekend.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=u.s.%1:14:00:: | definition=the executive and legislative and judicial branches of the federal government of the United States | synonyms=United States government, United States, U.S. government
2. sense_key=us%1:15:00:: | definition=North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776 | synonyms=United States, United States of America, America, the States, USA

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "U.S." in the context: "Major U.S. firms such as Chevron and ConocoPhillips..."

Here, "U.S." is used as an adjective modifying "firms" - meaning companies from the United States. This refers to the country itself, not the government.

Sense 1 refers to the government (executive, legislative, judicial branches).
Sense 2 refers to the country (North American republic containing 50 states).

Since "U.S. firms" means American companies (from the United States), this is referring to the country, not the government. So sense 2 is the best match.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: tie
Target surface form: ties
Context:
Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders. Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached deals with the ministry. Major U.S. firms such as Chevron and ConocoPhillips, which have cultivated close <t>ties</t> with the Iraqi Oil Ministry and have provided technical advice in recent years, walked away empty-handed. Russian companies Lukoil and Gazprom were the top stakeholders in two of the contracts awarded this weekend.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=tie%1:06:01:: | definition=neckwear consisting of a long narrow piece of material worn (mostly by men) under a collar and tied in knot at the front | synonyms=necktie | examples=he stood in front of the mirror tightening his necktie; he wore a vest and tie
2. sense_key=tie%1:26:01:: | definition=a social or business relationship | synonyms=affiliation, association, tie-up | examples=a valuable financial affiliation; he was sorry he had to sever his ties with other members of the team
3. sense_key=tie%1:26:00:: | definition=equality of score in a contest
4. sense_key=tie%1:06:02:: | definition=a horizontal beam used to prevent two other structural members from spreading apart or separating | synonyms=tie beam | examples=he nailed the rafters together with a tie beam
5. sense_key=tie%1:06:04:: | definition=a fastener that serves to join or connect | synonyms=link, linkup, tie-in | examples=the walls are held together with metal links placed in the wet mortar during construction
6. sense_key=tie%1:11:00:: | definition=the finish of a contest in which the score is tied and the winner is undecided | synonyms=draw, standoff | examples=the game ended in a draw; their record was 3 wins, 6 losses and a tie
7. sense_key=tie%1:10:00:: | definition=(music) a slur over two notes of the same pitch; indicates that the note is to be sustained for their combined time value
8. sense_key=tie%1:06:03:: | definition=one of the cross braces that support the rails on a railway track | synonyms=railroad tie, crosstie, sleeper | examples=the British call a railroad tie a sleeper
9. sense_key=tie%1:06:00:: | definition=a cord (or string or ribbon or wire etc.) with which something is tied | examples=he needed a tie for the packages

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context is about major U.S. firms such as Chevron and ConocoPhillips which have "cultivated close ties" with the Iraqi Oil Ministry. This refers to relationships/connections between the companies and the ministry. This matches sense 2: "a social or business relationship" with synonyms "affiliation, association, tie-up" and example "he was sorry he had to sever his ties with other members of the team."


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: year
Target surface form: years
Context:
Iraq finally opened its doors after six years of war, and instead of U.S. companies, you have Asians and Europeans leading the way, said Ruba Husari, the editor of Iraq Oil Forum, an online news outlet. It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders. Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached deals with the ministry. Major U.S. firms such as Chevron and ConocoPhillips, which have cultivated close ties with the Iraqi Oil Ministry and have provided technical advice in recent <t>years</t>, walked away empty-handed. Russian companies Lukoil and Gazprom were the top stakeholders in two of the contracts awarded this weekend.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=year%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days | synonyms=twelvemonth, yr | examples=she is 4 years old; in the year 1920
2. sense_key=year%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity | examples=a school year
3. sense_key=year%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun | examples=a Martian year takes 687 of our days
4. sense_key=year%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who graduate together | synonyms=class | examples=the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The target word is "years" in the context "have provided technical advice in recent years." This refers to a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days - the standard meaning of years as a duration of time. This matches sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: company
Target surface form: companies
Context:
It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders. Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached deals with the ministry. Major U.S. firms such as Chevron and ConocoPhillips, which have cultivated close ties with the Iraqi Oil Ministry and have provided technical advice in recent years, walked away empty-handed. Russian <t>companies</t> Lukoil and Gazprom were the top stakeholders in two of the contracts awarded this weekend. State-owned China National Petroleum Corporation bid on more contracts than any other company and walked away with large stakes in contracts for two major fields.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=company%1:14:01:: | definition=an institution created to conduct business | examples=he only invests in large well-established companies; he started the company in his garage
2. sense_key=company%1:14:03:: | definition=small military unit; usually two or three platoons
3. sense_key=company%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being with someone | synonyms=companionship, fellowship, society | examples=he missed their company; he enjoyed the society of his friends
4. sense_key=company%1:14:02:: | definition=organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical) | synonyms=troupe | examples=the traveling company all stayed at the same hotel
5. sense_key=company%1:18:00:: | definition=a social or business visitor | synonyms=caller | examples=the room was a mess because he hadn't expected company
6. sense_key=company%1:14:00:: | definition=a social gathering of guests or companions | examples=the house was filled with company when I arrived
7. sense_key=company%1:14:06:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=party | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
8. sense_key=company%1:14:04:: | definition=crew of a ship including the officers; the whole force or personnel of a ship | synonyms=ship's company
9. sense_key=company%1:14:05:: | definition=a unit of firefighters including their equipment | examples=a hook-and-ladder company

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The target word is "companies" in the context of oil companies, Russian companies, American companies, etc. This clearly refers to business institutions/organizations. The best sense is the one defined as "an institution created to conduct business."


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: contract
Target surface form: contracts
Context:
It will be a long time before anything else will be on offer in Iraq. Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders. Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached deals with the ministry. Major U.S. firms such as Chevron and ConocoPhillips, which have cultivated close ties with the Iraqi Oil Ministry and have provided technical advice in recent years, walked away empty-handed. Russian companies Lukoil and Gazprom were the top stakeholders in two of the <t>contracts</t> awarded this weekend. State-owned China National Petroleum Corporation bid on more contracts than any other company and walked away with large stakes in contracts for two major fields.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=contract%1:10:00:: | definition=a binding agreement between two or more persons that is enforceable by law
2. sense_key=contract%1:10:01:: | definition=(contract bridge) the highest bid becomes the contract setting the number of tricks that the bidder must make | synonyms=declaration
3. sense_key=contract%1:04:01:: | definition=a variety of bridge in which the bidder receives points toward game only for the number of tricks he bid | synonyms=contract bridge

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context is about oil contracts in Iraq - binding agreements between companies and the Iraqi Oil Ministry. This matches sense 1: "a binding agreement between two or more persons that is enforceable by law."


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bid
Target surface form: bid
Context:
Concerns over security, underscored by massive coordinated bombings Tuesday, and political instability as the U.S. military withdraws, likely kept American oil companies from venturing more forcefully in Iraq, which has the world's third-largest proven crude reserves, analysts said. U.S. firms were in some cases at a disadvantage because rivals, particularly the Chinese and other government controlled energy firms, have markedly lower labor costs and are more prone to take risks because they don't respond to shareholders. Exxon-Mobil and Occidental Petroleum Inc. were the only American companies that reached deals with the ministry. Major U.S. firms such as Chevron and ConocoPhillips, which have cultivated close ties with the Iraqi Oil Ministry and have provided technical advice in recent years, walked away empty-handed. Russian companies Lukoil and Gazprom were the top stakeholders in two of the contracts awarded this weekend. State-owned China National Petroleum Corporation <t>bid</t> on more contracts than any other company and walked away with large stakes in contracts for two major fields. We all know that China is on track to become a major economic as well as technological power, Oil Ministry spokesman Assam Jihad said.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bid%2:40:00:: | definition=propose a payment | synonyms=offer, tender | examples=The Swiss dealer offered $2 million for the painting
2. sense_key=bid%2:32:01:: | definition=invoke upon | synonyms=wish | examples=wish you a nice evening; bid farewell
3. sense_key=bid%2:32:02:: | definition=ask for or request earnestly | synonyms=beseech, entreat, adjure, press, conjure | examples=The prophet bid all people to become good persons
4. sense_key=bid%2:40:01:: | definition=make a demand, as for a card or a suit or a show of hands | synonyms=call | examples=He called his trump
5. sense_key=bid%2:40:04:: | definition=make a serious effort to attain something | examples=His campaign bid for the attention of the poor population
6. sense_key=bid%2:32:00:: | definition=ask someone in a friendly way to do something | synonyms=invite

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about oil contracts in Iraq. "State-owned China National Petroleum Corporation bid on more contracts than any other company and walked away with large stakes in contracts for two major fields."

Here, "bid" means to make an offer/proposal for contracts - essentially proposing a payment or terms for the contracts. This matches sense 1: "propose a payment" with synonyms "offer, tender."

Let me check the other senses:
- Sense 2: "invoke upon" / "wish" - not relevant
- Sense 3: "ask for or request earnestly" - not relevant
- Sense 4: "make a demand, as for a card or a suit" - card game sense, not relevant
- Sense 5: "make a serious effort to attain something" - this could potentially apply, but the example talks about a "campaign bid" which is more about effort than a specific offer
- Sense 6: "ask someone in a friendly way to do something" - not relevant

In business/contract contexts, "bid" typically means to submit a formal offer or proposal, often involving a price/payment. The China National Petroleum Corporation "bid on more contracts" means they submitted more offers/proposals for the contracts. This is sense 1 (offer/tender).