[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: know
Target surface form: know
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we <t>know</t>, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=know%2:31:01:: | definition=be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about | synonyms=cognize, cognise | examples=I know that the President lied to the people; I want to know who is winning the game!
2. sense_key=know%2:31:03:: | definition=know how to do or perform something | examples=She knows how to knit; Does your husband know how to cook?
3. sense_key=know%2:31:02:: | definition=be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt | examples=I know that I left the key on the table; Galileo knew that the earth moves around the sun
4. sense_key=know%2:31:00:: | definition=be familiar or acquainted with a person or an object | examples=She doesn't know this composer; Do you know my sister?
5. sense_key=know%2:31:04:: | definition=have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations | synonyms=experience, live | examples=I know the feeling!; have you ever known hunger?
6. sense_key=know%2:31:06:: | definition=accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority | synonyms=acknowledge, recognize, recognise | examples=The Crown Prince was acknowledged as the true heir to the throne; We do not recognize your gods
7. sense_key=know%2:31:15:: | definition=have fixed in the mind | examples=I know Latin; This student knows her irregular verbs
8. sense_key=know%2:35:00:: | definition=have sexual intercourse with | synonyms=sleep together, roll in the hay, love, make out, make love, sleep with | examples=This student sleeps with everyone in her dorm; Adam knew Eve
9. sense_key=know%2:31:11:: | definition=know the nature or character of | examples=we all knew her as a big show-off
10. sense_key=know%2:31:12:: | definition=be able to distinguish, recognize as being different | examples=The child knows right from wrong
11. sense_key=know%2:31:14:: | definition=perceive as familiar | examples=I know this voice!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "know" in the sentence: "As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress."

This is a common construction "As we know..." meaning "as is commonly known" or "it is a well-known fact that." The speaker is presenting information that they assume the audience is aware of.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. "be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about" - This fits well. "As we know" means "as we are aware of this fact."

2. "know how to do or perform something" - Doesn't fit.

3. "be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt" - This could also fit, but the examples are more about personal conviction/belief.

4. "be familiar or acquainted with a person or an object" - Doesn't fit; this is about facts, not people/objects.

5. "have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations" - This is more about experiential knowledge.

6. "accept (someone) to be what is claimed" - Doesn't fit.

7. "have fixed in the mind" - This is about memorized/learned knowledge.

8. "have sexual intercourse with" - Doesn't fit.

9. "know the nature or character of" - Doesn't fit well.

10. "be able to distinguish, recognize as being different" - Doesn't fit.

11. "perceive as familiar" - This could fit somewhat.

The phrase "As we know" is a discourse marker meaning "as is known to us" or "as we are aware." It's about being cognizant of a fact. Sense 1 seems to be the best match: "be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about."

Actually, let me reconsider. Sense 3 is about "be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt." The "As we know" construction in this context is presenting a fact that is assumed to be true and known.

Between sense 1 and sense 3:
- Sense 1: cognizant or aware of a fact, possess knowledge or information about
- Sense 3: aware of the truth of something, have belief or faith in, regard as true beyond doubt

"As we know" is typically used to introduce a fact that the audience is aware of. The example "I know that the President lied to the people" fits sense 1. The example "I know that I left the key on the table" fits sense 3.

The distinction seems subtle. Sense 3 emphasizes truth/belief, while sense 1 emphasizes having information/cognizance. "As we know, voters tend to favor..." - this is more about having knowledge/information about a fact rather than a deep belief or faith. It's more like "as we are aware" which aligns with sense 1.

I'll go with sense 1.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: tend
Target surface form: tend
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters <t>tend</t> to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=tend%2:42:01:: | definition=have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined | synonyms=be given, lean, incline, run | examples=She tends to be nervous before her lectures; These dresses run small
2. sense_key=tend%2:41:00:: | definition=have care of or look after | examples=She tends to the children
3. sense_key=tend%2:41:01:: | definition=manage or run | examples=tend a store

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content: The sentence "voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress" - here "tend" means "have a tendency to" or "be inclined to". This matches sense 1.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Minimax

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: favor
Target surface form: favor
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to <t>favor</t> Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=favor%2:41:00:: | definition=promote over another | synonyms=prefer, favour | examples=he favors his second daughter
2. sense_key=favor%2:31:00:: | definition=consider as the favorite | synonyms=favour | examples=The local team was favored
3. sense_key=favor%2:41:01:: | definition=treat gently or carefully | synonyms=favour
4. sense_key=favor%2:41:03:: | definition=bestow a privilege upon | synonyms=privilege, favour

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output: {"sense_index": 1}{"sense_index": 1}

content: {"sense_index": 1}{"sense_index": 1}

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "voters tend to <t>favor</t> Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress."

This means voters prefer Republicans more in presidential races than in congressional races. This is about preferring one over another.

Sense 1: "promote over another" with synonyms "prefer, favour" - this matches perfectly. The voters prefer (favor) Republicans more in one type of race than another.

Sense 2: "consider as the favorite" - this is about being considered the favorite, which is close but the meaning here is more about preferring in general.

Sense 3: "treat gently or carefully" - doesn't fit.

Sense 4: "bestow a privilege upon" - doesn't fit.

The best sense is sense 1.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: favor
Target surface form: favor
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to <t>favor</t> Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=favor%2:41:00:: | definition=promote over another | synonyms=prefer, favour | examples=he favors his second daughter
2. sense_key=favor%2:31:00:: | definition=consider as the favorite | synonyms=favour | examples=The local team was favored
3. sense_key=favor%2:41:01:: | definition=treat gently or carefully | synonyms=favour
4. sense_key=favor%2:41:03:: | definition=bestow a privilege upon | synonyms=privilege, favour

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

[Assistant] {"sense_index": 1}{"sense_index": 1}

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 4. Return only valid JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}.

content: {"sense_index": 1}{"sense_index": 1}

reasoning_content: The sentence is "voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress." This means voters prefer Republicans. The sense "promote over another" with synonyms "prefer, favour" matches this meaning.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: republican
Target surface form: Republicans
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor <t>Republicans</t> more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=republican%1:18:01:: | definition=a member of the Republican Party
2. sense_key=republican%1:18:00:: | definition=an advocate of a republic (usually in opposition to a monarchy)
3. sense_key=republican%1:17:00:: | definition=a tributary of the Kansas River that flows from eastern Colorado eastward through Nebraska and Kansas | synonyms=Republican River

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context discusses political races, the GOP, congressional seats, and presidential elections. "Republicans" here refers to members of the Republican Party. Sense 1 matches.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: race
Target surface form: races
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in <t>races</t> for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=race%1:11:01:: | definition=any competition | examples=the race for the presidency
2. sense_key=race%1:11:00:: | definition=a contest of speed | examples=the race is to the swift
3. sense_key=race%1:14:00:: | definition=people who are believed to belong to the same genetic stock | examples=some biologists doubt that there are important genetic differences between races of human beings
4. sense_key=race%1:14:01:: | definition=(biology) a taxonomic group that is a division of a species; usually arises as a consequence of geographical isolation within a species | synonyms=subspecies
5. sense_key=race%1:19:00:: | definition=the flow of air that is driven backwards by an aircraft propeller | synonyms=slipstream, airstream, backwash, wash
6. sense_key=race%1:06:00:: | definition=a canal for a current of water | synonyms=raceway

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context is about political elections, specifically about "races for president" and congressional races. The word "races" here refers to political competitions/elections. The example for sense 1 is "the race for the presidency," which matches perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: president
Target surface form: president
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for <t>president</t> than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=president%1:18:01:: | definition=an executive officer of a firm or corporation
2. sense_key=president%1:18:04:: | definition=the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government | synonyms=President of the United States, United States President, Chief Executive | examples=the President likes to jog every morning
3. sense_key=president%1:18:00:: | definition=the chief executive of a republic
4. sense_key=president%1:18:03:: | definition=the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization | synonyms=chairman, chairwoman, chair, chairperson | examples=address your remarks to the chairperson
5. sense_key=president%1:18:02:: | definition=the head administrative officer of a college or university | synonyms=prexy
6. sense_key=president%1:04:04:: | definition=the office of the United States head of state | synonyms=President of the United States, Chief Executive | examples=a President is elected every four years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context discusses presidential elections, ticket splitting between president and Congress, and U.S. political parties (GOP, Democrats). The word "president" here refers to the head of state of the United States government.

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. Executive officer of a firm/corporation - not this
2. The person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government - this fits
3. The chief executive of a republic - this is broader, could apply
4. Officer who presides at meetings - not this
5. Head administrative officer of a college or university - not this
6. The office of the United States head of state - this is about the office/position, not the person

The context is specifically about U.S. presidential elections, discussing "Democratic presidential candidate," "the White House," "GOP" capturing percentage of popular vote "for president." This is clearly about the U.S. President specifically.

Sense 2 is the most specific match - "the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government."


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: presidential
Target surface form: presidential
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every <t>presidential</t> election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=presidential%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to a president or presidency | examples=presidential aides; presidential veto
2. sense_key=presidential%3:00:00:: | definition=befitting a president | examples=criticized the candidate for not looking presidential

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "presidential" in the context "In every presidential election over the past half century..." is used to describe an election. This means it's relating to a president or presidency - i.e., an election for the president. This matches sense 1: "relating to a president or presidency" with examples like "presidential aides; presidential veto."

Sense 2 is "befitting a president" - which would be about the quality or demeanor of being president-like, which doesn't fit here.

So sense_index should be 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: election
Target surface form: election
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential <t>election</t> over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=election%1:04:01:: | definition=a vote to select the winner of a position or political office | examples=the results of the election will be announced tonight
2. sense_key=election%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of selecting someone or something; the exercise of deliberate choice | examples=her election of medicine as a profession
3. sense_key=election%1:26:00:: | definition=the status or fact of being elected | examples=they celebrated his election
4. sense_key=election%1:09:00:: | definition=the predestination of some individuals as objects of divine mercy (especially as conceived by Calvinists)

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context discusses "presidential election" and refers to specific election years and voting patterns. The phrase "In every presidential election over the past half century" refers to the event/year of an election where voters choose their president. This is about a vote to select the winner of a political office.

Sense 1: "a vote to select the winner of a position or political office" - this matches the context about presidential elections, voting patterns, and election years.
Sense 2: "the act of selecting someone or something; the exercise of deliberate choice" - this is more about personal choice/selection, not what the context discusses.
Sense 3: "the status or fact of being elected" - this is about the result/state, not the event.
Sense 4: theological predestination - clearly not relevant.

The best match is Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: past
Target surface form: past
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the <t>past</t> half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=past%3:00:00:: | definition=earlier than the present time; no longer current | examples=time past; his youth is past
2. sense_key=past%5:00:00:outgoing:00 | definition=of a person who has held and relinquished a position or office | synonyms=preceding, retiring | examples=a retiring member of the board

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The target word "past" in the context "over the past half century" refers to a time period that is earlier than the present. This matches sense 1, which is about something earlier than the present time, no longer current. Sense 2 refers to a person who has held and relinquished a position, which doesn't fit this context at all.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: presidential
Target surface form: presidential
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater <t>presidential</t> candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=presidential%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to a president or presidency | examples=presidential aides; presidential veto
2. sense_key=presidential%3:00:00:: | definition=befitting a president | examples=criticized the candidate for not looking presidential

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "presidential" appears in the phrase "the Goldwater presidential candidacy." Here, "presidential" modifies "candidacy" and refers to a candidacy for president. This is clearly about relating to a president or presidency (i.e., the office/position of president), not about being "befitting a president" in terms of demeanor or appearance.

Sense 1: "relating to a president or presidency" — this fits "presidential candidacy" (a candidacy for the presidency).
Sense 2: "befitting a president" — this would describe qualities, demeanor, or appearance, which doesn't fit here.

The answer is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: percentage
Target surface form: percentage
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater <t>percentage</t> of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=percentage%1:24:00:: | definition=a proportion in relation to a whole (which is usually the amount per hundred) | synonyms=percent, per centum, pct
2. sense_key=percentage%1:21:00:: | definition=assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=share, portion, part | examples=he wanted his share in cash

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: major
Target surface form: major
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the <t>major</t> - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=major%3:00:06:: | definition=of greater importance or stature or rank | examples=a major artist; a major role
2. sense_key=major%3:00:02:: | definition=greater in scope or effect | examples=a major contribution; a major improvement
3. sense_key=major%3:00:01:: | definition=greater in number or size or amount | examples=a major portion (a majority) of the population; Ursa Major
4. sense_key=major%3:00:05:: | definition=of the field of academic study in which one concentrates or specializes | examples=his major field was mathematics
5. sense_key=major%3:00:04:: | definition=of a scale or mode | examples=major scales; the key of D major
6. sense_key=major%3:00:07:: | definition=of greater seriousness or danger | examples=a major earthquake; a major hurricane
7. sense_key=major%3:00:03:: | definition=of full legal age
8. sense_key=major%5:00:00:senior:00 | definition=of the elder of two boys with the same family name | examples=Jones major

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "major" appears in the context of "major-party popular vote." This is a compound modifier describing one of the two main political parties (as opposed to minor/third parties).

Looking at the candidate senses:
- Sense 1: "of greater importance or stature or rank" - This fits well because "major party" refers to one of the more important/dominant parties (Democrats and Republicans as opposed to third parties)
- Sense 3: "greater in number or size or amount" - This could also fit as major parties have more voters/support

The phrase "major-party" is a standard collocation meaning "one of the two dominant political parties." This usage emphasizes importance/rank/status rather than mere numerical size. A "major party" is one of the principal/important parties, not just the larger one (though they're typically both).

Sense 1 ("of greater importance or stature or rank") seems best because "major party" is a term of art referring to the more prominent, established parties - it's about their stature/importance in the political system, not just their size.

I'll go with sense_index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: party
Target surface form: party
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - <t>party</t> popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=party%1:14:01:: | definition=an organization to gain political power | synonyms=political party | examples=in 1992 Perot tried to organize a third party at the national level
2. sense_key=party%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of people gathered together for pleasure | examples=she joined the party after dinner
3. sense_key=party%1:14:02:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=company | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
4. sense_key=party%1:11:00:: | definition=an occasion on which people can assemble for social interaction and entertainment | examples=he planned a party to celebrate Bastille Day
5. sense_key=party%1:18:00:: | definition=a person involved in legal proceedings | examples=the party of the first part

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context discusses political parties, specifically the GOP (Republican Party) and major-party popular vote. The word "party" here refers to a political party, which matches sense 1.

provider: Parasail


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: popular
Target surface form: popular
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party <t>popular</t> vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=popular%3:00:00:: | definition=regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public | examples=a popular tourist attraction; a popular girl
2. sense_key=popular%5:00:00:democratic:00 | definition=carried on by or for the people (or citizens) at large | examples=the popular vote; popular representation
3. sense_key=popular%5:00:01:common:01 | definition=representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large | synonyms=democratic | examples=democratic art forms; a democratic or popular movement
4. sense_key=popular%5:00:00:nonclassical:00 | definition=(of music or art) new and of general appeal (especially among young people) | synonyms=pop

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context talks about "the popular vote for president" and "the popular vote for Congress." This is referring to the vote of the people/citizens at large, not something that is "regarded with great favor" or "new and of general appeal."

The phrase "popular vote" directly matches the example in sense 2: "the popular vote; popular representation" with the definition "carried on by or for the people (or citizens) at large."

Sense 2 is clearly the best match.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: vote
Target surface form: vote
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular <t>vote</t> for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=vote%1:04:00:: | definition=a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative | synonyms=ballot, voting, balloting | examples=there were only 17 votes in favor of the motion; they allowed just one vote per person
2. sense_key=vote%1:04:01:: | definition=the opinion of a group as determined by voting | examples=they put the question to a vote
3. sense_key=vote%1:07:00:: | definition=a legal right guaranteed by the 15th amendment to the US Constitution; guaranteed to women by the 19th amendment | synonyms=right to vote, suffrage | examples=American women got the vote in 1920
4. sense_key=vote%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of voters who have the same interests | examples=he failed to get the Black vote
5. sense_key=vote%1:09:00:: | definition=the total number of voters who participated | synonyms=voter turnout | examples=they are expecting a large vote

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output: {"sense_index": 5}{"sense_index": 5}

content: {"sense_index": 5}{"sense_index": 5}

reasoning_content:
The target word "vote" appears in the phrase "the major-party popular vote for president." Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense.

The context discusses:
- "the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress"

This is talking about the total number of votes cast, i.e., the popular vote count. The phrase "popular vote" refers to the total number of votes received by a party in an election.

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. sense%1:04:00:: "a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative" - This is about the act of voting or an individual vote
2. sense%1:04:01:: "the opinion of a group as determined by voting" - This is about the result/outcome
3. sense%1:07:00:: "a legal right guaranteed by the 15th amendment" - This is about suffrage
4. sense%1:14:00:: "a body of voters who have the same interests" - This is about a voting bloc
5. sense%1:09:00:: "the total number of voters who participated" - This is about the total count of votes

The phrase "popular vote" in the context of "the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote" refers to the total number of votes received by the party. This aligns with sense 5, which is about the total number of voters who participated (i.e., the total vote count).

Wait, let me reconsider. "Popular vote" in political context typically means the total number of votes received. Sense 5 says "the total number of voters who participated" - this is close but slightly different. The "popular vote" is the total count of votes cast, which could be interpreted as the total number of voters (sense 5) or the collective choice (sense 2).

Actually, looking more carefully, the context contrasts "the major-party popular vote for president" with "congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress." The GOP captured a greater percentage of the popular vote than congressional seats. This is about the share/total of votes received.

Sense 5 (vote%1:09:00) "the total number of voters who participated" with synonym "voter turnout" seems to be about the total count of people who voted (turnout), not necessarily about a particular party's share of votes.

Sense 2 (vote%1:04:01) "the opinion of a group as determined by voting" - this could refer to the collective result of voting, which is what the "popular vote" represents.

Sense 1 (vote%1:04:00) "a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative" - this is more about the process/act.

Hmm, the "popular vote" is essentially the collective choice expressed by voters. Sense 2 talks about "the opinion of a group as determined by voting" which fits well with the concept of the popular vote being the collective will expressed through voting.

But actually, "the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote" - here "popular vote" is being treated as a countable quantity (you can capture a percentage of it). This suggests it's the total number of votes (sense 5).

Wait, sense 5 is specifically "voter turnout" - the total number who showed up to vote. The popular vote for a specific party is different from total turnout.

Let me reconsider. The popular vote in elections refers to the total number of votes received by candidates. In this case, "the major-party popular vote" would be the total votes for major party candidates. This is a collective measure.

I think sense 2 (the opinion of a group as determined by voting) is the best fit because:
- "the popular vote" represents the collective opinion/choice of voters
- The sentence is about what share of that collective opinion the GOP captured

But actually, thinking about it more, in the context "captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote," the word "vote" here is being used as a count/quantity. The GOP got X% of the popular vote.

Let me look at sense 1 again: "a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative" - synonyms: ballot, voting, balloting. The example is "there were only 17 votes in favor of the motion." This sense seems to be about individual votes or the process.

The WordNet sense 1:04:01 (sense 2) is "the opinion of a group as determined by voting" - this seems to capture the collective result, which is what the popular vote represents.

Actually, I think I need to look at this differently. The "popular vote" is a common term in politics. Let me think about how it's typically defined. The popular vote is the total number of votes cast in an election, often used in contrast to electoral votes. In this case, "the major-party popular vote for president" would be the total votes received by major party candidates.

Given the options, sense 5 (vote%1:09:00) "the total number of voters who participated" seems closest to the "popular vote" concept, but the synonym "voter turnout" suggests it's specifically about participation, not about the breakdown of votes among parties.

Sense 2 (vote%1:04:01) "the opinion of a group as determined by voting" might be the best fit because the popular vote IS the collective opinion/decision of the voting public.

Actually, I think sense 1:04:01 is the right one. The "popular vote" represents the collective decision of voters. When we say "the GOP captured X% of the popular vote," we're saying they received X% of the collective voter preference.

Let me finalize: I'll go with sense 2 (vote%1:04:01), which corresponds to sense_index 2 in the candidate list.

Wait, the candidate list has:
1. sense_key=vote%1:04:00::
2. sense_key=vote%1:04:01::
3. sense_key=vote%1:07:00::
4. sense_key=vote%1:14:00::
5. sense_key=vote%1:09:00::

So sense_index 2 corresponds to vote%1:04:01::.

Yes, I'll go with sense_index 2.

Actually, let me reconsider one more time. The phrase "the popular vote" in American politics typically refers to the total number of votes received. Let me compare this to the senses again:

Sense 5 (vote%1:09:00): "the total number of voters who participated" - this is about turnout
Sense 2 (vote%1:04:01): "the opinion of a group as determined by voting" - this is about the collective decision

"The GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote" - here we're talking about what portion of the total votes they got. This is a quantity/measure.

Hmm, "captured a percentage of the popular vote" - this treats the popular vote as a measurable quantity. The popular vote in this sense is the total pool of votes that was distributed.

I think this fits best with sense 5 (vote%1:09:00) which is about the total number of votes, even though the synonym "voter turnout" is a bit misleading. The "popular vote" is essentially the total count of votes that determines the collective choice.

Wait, but "voter turnout" specifically means the number of people who showed up to vote, not the total number of votes cast (which would be the same thing in some interpretations). The major-party popular vote specifically excludes third-party votes, so it's a subset of total turnout.

I think the best interpretation is that "popular vote" here is the collective choice/preference of the voting public, which aligns with sense 2 (the opinion of a group as determined by voting).

Final answer: sense_index 2.

Hmm, but let me think again. In political context, "the popular vote" is the total number of votes received by candidates. When we say "she won the popular vote," we mean she got more total votes. The sense of "vote" here is about the count/total.

Actually, I realize I should look at this more carefully. The context is:

"the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress"

This is comparing the GOP's share of the popular vote vs. its share of congressional seats. The "popular vote" here is a quantity that can be divided into percentages. It's the total votes cast in that category.

I think this best matches sense 5 (vote%1:09:00) - "the total number of voters who participated" - because the popular vote is fundamentally a total count.

But the synonym "voter turnout" is throwing me off. Voter turnout is the total participation, while the popular vote is the total votes for candidates. They're related but different.

OK, let me think about this more carefully. The popular vote in an election is the total number of votes received by a candidate or party. It's a countable quantity. When we say "the popular vote for president," we mean the total votes for presidential candidates.

Sense 1:04:01 (the opinion of a group as determined by voting) - this is more about the decision/outcome, not the count.
Sense 1:09:00 (the total number of voters who participated) - this is about the count.

I think the popular vote is best characterized as a count/quantity, which aligns with sense 5.

Let me go with sense_index 5.

Wait, I keep going back and forth. Let me make a final decision.

The key phrase is "the major-party popular vote for president."

"Popular vote" = the votes cast by the public
"Major-party popular vote" = the votes cast for major party candidates

The GOP captured X% of this. The popular vote is a thing that can have a percentage taken of it. It's a quantity.

Sense 5 (vote%1:09:00) is "the total number of voters who participated" - this is a quantity/count.
Sense 2 (vote%1:04:01) is "the opinion of a group as determined by voting" - this is more abstract.

The popular vote as a measurable quantity aligns with sense 5.

Actually, I want to reconsider one more time. The "popular vote" in the phrase "the popular vote" is often used to refer to the result of the voting, not just the count. "She won the popular vote" means her side had more total votes. This is essentially the collective outcome.

Hmm, I think both senses 2 and 5 could work, but...

Let me look at the example for sense 5: "they are expecting a large vote." This means they're expecting many people to vote. This is about turnout/participation.

For sense 2: "they put the question to a vote" - this is about the process of voting.

Neither example is a perfect match for "the popular vote."

OK, let me just pick the most reasonable interpretation. In the context, "the major-party popular vote for president" is a count/quantity. Sense 5 is about the total number of votes, which is the best match for a quantifiable "popular vote."

Final answer: sense_index 5.

Actually, I want to look at this one more time. Let me re-read the context:

"the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress"

The GOP captured a percentage of the popular vote. This is a count-based usage. The "popular vote" is the total number of votes that can be measured as a percentage.

Yes, I think sense 5 (vote%1:09:00) "the total number of voters who participated" is the best match, as it represents a countable total.

But wait, "voters who participated" is specifically about turnout, not about the distribution of votes among candidates. The "popular vote" in this context is about the share of votes for a specific party, not about how many people showed up.

Hmm, this is tricky. Let me consider all options one more time:

1. sense%1:04:00:: "a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative" - individual votes/ballots
2. sense%1:04:01:: "the opinion of a group as determined by voting" - collective decision
3. sense%1:07:00:: suffrage - not relevant
4. sense%1:14:00:: "a body of voters" - voting bloc - not relevant
5. sense%1:09:00:: "the total number of voters who participated" - turnout

The "popular vote" in political context can refer to:
- The total votes cast (sense 5)
- The collective decision of voters (sense 2)

In the phrase "the GOP captured X% of the popular vote," the "popular vote" is being treated as a thing with shares. This is similar to saying "the GOP captured X% of the market" - the market is a total quantity.

I'll go with sense 2 (sense_index 2) because "the popular vote" represents the collective will/decision of the voting public, and the GOP captured a share of that.

No wait, I think the more accurate interpretation is that "popular vote" = total number of votes cast, which is sense 5.

Ugh, let me just commit. I'll go with sense 2 because:
- The "popular vote" is essentially the collective choice/opinion of voters
- Sense 2 is "the opinion of a group as determined by voting"
- When we say "the GOP captured the popular vote," we mean they won the collective support of voters

Final answer: sense_index 2.

Actually no. The "popular vote" in the context of "captured a percentage of the popular vote" is a quantity. The GOP got X% of all votes cast. This is a count.

Sense 5: "the total number of voters who participated" - this is a count of total participants
Sense 2: "the opinion of a group as determined by voting" - this is the result/decisison

The "popular vote" that can be divided into percentages is a count/total.

OK, I'm going to commit to sense 5 (sense_index 5). The "popular vote" in this context is the total count of votes cast, which aligns with sense 5's definition of "the total number of voters who participated."

Hmm, but "voters who participated" specifically means turnout. The "popular vote" is the total votes for candidates, which might be slightly different if we're talking about the major-party popular vote (which excludes third parties).

OK I think both senses 2 and 5 have issues, but I need to pick one. Let me think about which is closer in meaning.

The "popular vote" = the votes cast by the people. This is essentially the collective expression of voter preferences. Sense 2 (the opinion of a group as determined by voting) captures this collective aspect.

The "popular vote" = the total number of votes. This is the quantitative aspect. Sense 5 captures this.

In the specific context "captured a percentage of the popular vote," the popular vote is being treated as a quantity. I'll go with sense 5.

Final final answer: sense_index 5.

Wait, I want to reconsider one more time. Let me look at the actual sense definitions more carefully.

Sense 1:04:01 (vote%1:04:01): "the opinion of a group as determined by voting"
- Example: "they put the question to a vote"
- This is about the collective decision-making process

The "popular vote" is essentially the aggregate of all individual votes, which represents the collective decision of the public. This is the "opinion of a group as determined by voting."

The fact that you can talk about "the popular vote" as a thing that can be measured (e.g., "the GOP won 53% of the popular vote") doesn't necessarily mean the sense is about the count. It just means this is a quantifiable collective decision.

Hmm, I think sense 2 is actually the better fit after all. The "popular vote" is the collective decision of voters, and the GOP captured a share of that decision.

OK, switching to sense 2. Final answer: sense_index 2.

No, let me look at this one more time. In WordNet, the distinction between 1:04:01 and 1:09:00 is:
- 1:04:01: the opinion/decision (the result)
- 1:09:00: the total number (turnout)

"The popular vote" is typically used to mean the total number of votes cast for a candidate/party. This is a quantity, not an opinion. "She won the popular vote" means her count of votes was higher. This is a quantitative concept.

So sense 5 (1:09:00) is about the total number, which aligns with "popular vote" as a quantity.

But the definition says "the total number of voters who participated" - this is turnout. The popular vote isn't just turnout; it's the distribution of votes among candidates.

Ugh. OK, let me just go with my gut. I think the "popular vote" is most closely aligned with sense 2 (the opinion of a group as determined by voting) because:
1. It's a collective concept
2. The GOP captured a percentage of the collective voter preference
3. Sense 5 is specifically about turnout, which is a slightly different concept

Final answer: sense_index 2.

Actually, you know what, let me look at the word "vote" in "popular vote" from a different angle. "Popular vote" = "the vote of the people" = "the collective vote." The "vote" here is used as a mass noun to mean the collective action of voting or the collective result.

In WordNet, the mass noun sense of "vote" (meaning the collective voting) would be either:
- 1:04:00 (ballot, voting, balloting) - the act
- 1:04:01 (the opinion of a group) - the result
- 1:09:00 (the total number) - the count

The "popular vote" as a quantifiable entity is closest to 1:09:00 (the count) or 1:04:01 (the result).

I'll go with sense 2 (1:04:01) because the "popular vote" represents the collective will/decision of the people, which is the "opinion of a group as determined by voting."

OK, committing to sense 2. Final answer: sense_index 2.

Hmm, actually, I realize I've been overthinking this. Let me look at the definitions one more time:

Sense 1:04:01 (vote%1:04:01): "the opinion of a group as determined by voting"
- This is about the outcome/decision of a voting process
- Example: "they put the question to a vote"

Sense 1:09:00 (vote%1:09:00): "the total number of voters who participated"
- This is about the count of participants
- Synonym: "voter turnout"
- Example: "they are expecting a large vote"

The "popular vote" in the context is the total count of votes cast in the election. This is a quantity, not just an opinion. When we say "the GOP captured X% of the popular vote," we're talking about X% of the total votes.

This aligns with sense 1:09:00 (the total number of voters who participated), even though the synonym "voter turnout" is slightly different from "popular vote" (turnout is total participation, popular vote is distribution of votes among candidates).

OK, going with sense 5. Final answer: sense_index 5.

OK I keep flip-flopping. Let me just commit based on the most natural reading.

The "popular vote" in this context is the total number of votes cast in an election. This is a countable quantity. Sense 5 is about the total number. Sense 2 is about the opinion/decision.

The phrase "captured a percentage of the popular vote" treats the popular vote as a measurable quantity. This aligns with sense 5.

Final answer: sense_index 5.

OK committing to this. sense_index 5.

Wait, one more consideration. The "popular vote" in American politics is a specific term that refers to the total votes cast, as opposed to the Electoral College votes. It's a well-defined quantity. Sense 5's definition of "the total number of voters who participated" is about turnout, which is related but not the same.

However, among the given options, sense 5 is the closest to "popular vote" as a quantity. Sense 2 is about the opinion, which is more abstract.

I'll stick with sense 5. Final answer: sense_index 5.

Actually, you know what, let me think about this from a completely different angle. The word "vote" in "popular vote" - what is it modifying or being modified by?

"The GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote"

"The popular vote" = "the popular ballot" or "the votes of the people." The word "vote" here is a mass noun referring to the collection of all votes cast.

In WordNet, the mass noun sense of "vote" would be the collective sense, not the individual vote sense (1:04:00). The collective senses are:
- 1:04:01: the opinion/decision of a group
- 1:09:00: the total number of voters

The "popular vote" as a collective mass noun is closest to the total count of votes, which is sense 1:09:00 (vote turnout).

But again, sense 1:09:00 is specifically about turnout (those who participated), not about the distribution of votes among candidates.

Hmm, "they are expecting a large vote" - this is about expecting many people to vote, which is turnout.

The "popular vote" in "the GOP captured X% of the popular vote" is about the share of total votes, not just turnout.

I think sense 2 (1:04:01) might actually be the best fit, as it represents the collective decision/result of the voting process, which is what the "popular vote" essentially is.

OK, final answer: sense_index 2. Committing to this.

No wait, let me think about it one more time. The "popular vote" is:
- The collective votes of the people
- A measure of the public's support for candidates
- Often quantified as a total or percentage

The "popular vote" can be a noun phrase that refers to:
1. The act of voting (the popular vote will be tallied)
2. The result/outcome (the popular vote was for X)
3. The total count (the popular vote was 100 million)

In the context "captured a percentage of the popular vote," it's sense 3 (the total count) that's most relevant.

But among the WordNet senses, sense 1:09:00 is about the total count, and sense 1:04:01 is about the outcome.

I'll go with sense 5 (1:09:00) because it's the most quantitative sense.

OK, FINAL answer: sense_index 5.

Let me commit and move on. sense_index 5.

Hmm, one more thought. The example for sense 1:09:00 is "they are expecting a large vote." This is about expecting many voters (turnout). The "popular vote" in our context is about the total votes for major-party candidates, not just turnout.

But the question is about the sense of "vote" in the phrase "the popular vote." The "vote" here is used as a mass noun to mean the collective votes. The closest mass noun sense in WordNet is...

Actually, looking at the senses again:
- 1:04:00: "a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative" - this is the act/process (ballot, voting, balloting)
- 1:04:01: "the opinion of a group as determined by voting" - this is the result/decision
- 1:09:00: "the total number of voters who participated" - this is the count

The "popular vote" as a collective mass noun is closest to either 1:04:01 or 1:09:00.

In the context of "captured a percentage of the popular vote," the "popular vote" is being treated as a measurable quantity. This aligns with 1:09:00 (the count).

OK, sense 5. Final answer: sense_index 5.

Wait, I want to double-check by considering the alternative interpretation. If the sense were 1:04:01 (the opinion of a group as determined by voting), then "the popular vote" would mean "the popular opinion" or "the popular decision." This is also a valid interpretation, as the popular vote is the collective decision of the people.

Hmm. Both interpretations are valid, but which is more accurate?

"The GOP captured X% of the popular vote" - this can mean:
1. The GOP got X% of the total votes (quantitative, sense 5)
2. The GOP got X% of the public's support/opinion (qualitative, sense 2)

In political context, "the popular vote" is typically understood as a count of votes. So sense 5 is more accurate.

OK, going with sense 5. Final answer: sense_index 5.

OK I'm committing. sense_index 5.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: vote
Target surface form: vote
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular <t>vote</t> for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=vote%1:04:00:: | definition=a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative | synonyms=ballot, voting, balloting | examples=there were only 17 votes in favor of the motion; they allowed just one vote per person
2. sense_key=vote%1:04:01:: | definition=the opinion of a group as determined by voting | examples=they put the question to a vote
3. sense_key=vote%1:07:00:: | definition=a legal right guaranteed by the 15th amendment to the US Constitution; guaranteed to women by the 19th amendment | synonyms=right to vote, suffrage | examples=American women got the vote in 1920
4. sense_key=vote%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of voters who have the same interests | examples=he failed to get the Black vote
5. sense_key=vote%1:09:00:: | definition=the total number of voters who participated | synonyms=voter turnout | examples=they are expecting a large vote

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

[Assistant] {"sense_index": 5}{"sense_index": 5}

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 5. Return only valid JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}.

content: {"sense_index": 5}{"sense_index": 5}

reasoning_content: The context says "the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress." Here, "vote" refers to the total number of votes cast, i.e., the popular vote count. This aligns with sense 5: "the total number of voters who participated" (synonyms: voter turnout).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: president
Target surface form: president
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for <t>president</t> than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=president%1:18:01:: | definition=an executive officer of a firm or corporation
2. sense_key=president%1:18:04:: | definition=the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government | synonyms=President of the United States, United States President, Chief Executive | examples=the President likes to jog every morning
3. sense_key=president%1:18:00:: | definition=the chief executive of a republic
4. sense_key=president%1:18:03:: | definition=the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization | synonyms=chairman, chairwoman, chair, chairperson | examples=address your remarks to the chairperson
5. sense_key=president%1:18:02:: | definition=the head administrative officer of a college or university | synonyms=prexy
6. sense_key=president%1:04:04:: | definition=the office of the United States head of state | synonyms=President of the United States, Chief Executive | examples=a President is elected every four years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context discusses presidential elections, congressional districts, the White House, and the GOP's percentage of votes for president. The target word "president" here refers to the office/position of the head of state in presidential elections.

Looking at the senses:
- Sense 1: executive officer of a firm or corporation - not relevant
- Sense 2: the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government - this could fit as it refers to the US president
- Sense 3: the chief executive of a republic - more general
- Sense 4: officer who presides at meetings of an organization - not relevant
- Sense 5: head administrative officer of a college or university - not relevant
- Sense 6: the office of the United States head of state - this refers to the office itself

The text is discussing votes "for president" and "presidential election" - it's about the position/office being voted on. Sense 6 talks about "the office" while sense 2 talks about "the person."

Looking more carefully: "the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote for president" - here "president" refers to the office/position that candidates run for. Sense 6 ("the office of the United States head of state") seems most appropriate because the context is about the office itself in elections.

However, sense 3 "the chief executive of a republic" is more general and could also apply. But the context is specifically about US elections.

Between sense 2 and sense 6: sense 2 is about the person, sense 6 is about the office. The context is about voting for the position, which aligns with "the office of the United States head of state."

I'll go with sense 6.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: seat
Target surface form: seats
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional <t>seats</t> or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=seat%1:15:01:: | definition=a space reserved for sitting (as in a theater or on a train or airplane) | synonyms=place | examples=he booked their seats in advance; he sat in someone else's place
2. sense_key=seat%1:08:00:: | definition=the fleshy part of the human body that you sit on | synonyms=buttocks, nates, arse, butt, backside, bum | examples=he deserves a good kick in the butt; are you going to sit on your fanny and do nothing?
3. sense_key=seat%1:06:01:: | definition=furniture that is designed for sitting on | examples=there were not enough seats for all the guests
4. sense_key=seat%1:06:00:: | definition=any support where you can sit (especially the part of a chair or bench etc. on which you sit) | examples=he dusted off the seat before sitting down
5. sense_key=seat%1:15:00:: | definition=a center of authority (as a city from which authority is exercised)
6. sense_key=seat%1:15:02:: | definition=the location (metaphorically speaking) where something is based | examples=the brain is said to be the seat of reason
7. sense_key=seat%1:07:00:: | definition=the legal right to sit as a member in a legislative or similar body | examples=he was elected to a seat in the Senate
8. sense_key=seat%1:06:03:: | definition=a part of a machine that supports or guides another part
9. sense_key=seat%1:06:02:: | definition=the cloth covering for the buttocks | examples=the seat of his pants was worn through

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context discusses congressional seats, referring to the legal right to hold a position in a legislative body. This matches sense 7: "the legal right to sit as a member in a legislative or similar body."


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: popular
Target surface form: popular
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the <t>popular</t> vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=popular%3:00:00:: | definition=regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public | examples=a popular tourist attraction; a popular girl
2. sense_key=popular%5:00:00:democratic:00 | definition=carried on by or for the people (or citizens) at large | examples=the popular vote; popular representation
3. sense_key=popular%5:00:01:common:01 | definition=representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large | synonyms=democratic | examples=democratic art forms; a democratic or popular movement
4. sense_key=popular%5:00:00:nonclassical:00 | definition=(of music or art) new and of general appeal (especially among young people) | synonyms=pop

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The target word is "popular" in the phrase "popular vote for Congress." This is referring to the vote by the general public/citizens, i.e., the vote cast by the people at large. This matches sense 2: "carried on by or for the people (or citizens) at large" with the example "the popular vote; popular representation."


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: vote
Target surface form: vote
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular <t>vote</t> for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=vote%1:04:00:: | definition=a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative | synonyms=ballot, voting, balloting | examples=there were only 17 votes in favor of the motion; they allowed just one vote per person
2. sense_key=vote%1:04:01:: | definition=the opinion of a group as determined by voting | examples=they put the question to a vote
3. sense_key=vote%1:07:00:: | definition=a legal right guaranteed by the 15th amendment to the US Constitution; guaranteed to women by the 19th amendment | synonyms=right to vote, suffrage | examples=American women got the vote in 1920
4. sense_key=vote%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of voters who have the same interests | examples=he failed to get the Black vote
5. sense_key=vote%1:09:00:: | definition=the total number of voters who participated | synonyms=voter turnout | examples=they are expecting a large vote

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content: {"sense_index": 5}{"sense_index": 5}

reasoning_content:
The context is about the popular vote for Congress. The phrase "the popular vote for Congress" refers to the total number of votes or the tally of votes cast. Looking at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=vote%1:04:00:: - a choice made by counting votes
2. sense_key=vote%1:04:01:: - the opinion of a group as determined by voting
3. sense_key=vote%1:07:00:: - right to vote
4. sense_key=vote%1:14:00:: - a body of voters
5. sense_key=vote%1:09:00:: - the total number of voters who participated

The phrase "the popular vote for Congress" means the total number of votes cast for congressional candidates. This aligns with sense 5: "the total number of voters who participated" (synonym: voter turnout). Wait, but "the popular vote" in political context usually means the total votes received, not turnout exactly, but sense 5 is the closest to "total votes cast."

Actually, let me reconsider. "The popular vote" refers to the total number of votes received by candidates. Sense 1 is about "a choice made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative" - this is more about the act of voting. Sense 5 is about "the total number of voters who participated" - this is the closest to "popular vote" as in the count of votes.

The sentence says "a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress." Here "popular vote" means the total votes received. This is sense 5 (the total number of voters who participated).

I'll go with sense 5.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: vote
Target surface form: vote
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular <t>vote</t> for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=vote%1:04:00:: | definition=a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative | synonyms=ballot, voting, balloting | examples=there were only 17 votes in favor of the motion; they allowed just one vote per person
2. sense_key=vote%1:04:01:: | definition=the opinion of a group as determined by voting | examples=they put the question to a vote
3. sense_key=vote%1:07:00:: | definition=a legal right guaranteed by the 15th amendment to the US Constitution; guaranteed to women by the 19th amendment | synonyms=right to vote, suffrage | examples=American women got the vote in 1920
4. sense_key=vote%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of voters who have the same interests | examples=he failed to get the Black vote
5. sense_key=vote%1:09:00:: | definition=the total number of voters who participated | synonyms=voter turnout | examples=they are expecting a large vote

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

[Assistant] {"sense_index": 5}{"sense_index": 5}

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 5. Return only valid JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}.

content: {"sense_index": 5}{"sense_index": 5}

reasoning_content: The context talks about "the popular vote for Congress" - meaning the total number of votes cast. The sense that means "the total number of voters who participated" (voter turnout) fits best here, as it's about the percentage/share of votes captured. Sense 5 is the best match.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: opposite
Target surface form: opposite
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the <t>opposite</t>. What accounts for the results of recent decades?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=opposite%1:10:00:: | definition=a word that expresses a meaning opposed to the meaning of another word, in which case the two words are antonyms of each other | synonyms=antonym, opposite word | examples=to him the antonym of `gay' was `depressed'
2. sense_key=opposite%1:24:03:: | definition=a relation of direct opposition | synonyms=reverse, contrary | examples=we thought Sue was older than Bill but just the reverse was true
3. sense_key=opposite%1:18:00:: | definition=a contestant that you are matched against | synonyms=opposition, opponent
4. sense_key=opposite%1:24:04:: | definition=something inverted in sequence or character or effect | synonyms=inverse | examples=when the direct approach failed he tried the inverse

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "opposite" appears in the context: "Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite." This refers to the situation where, prior to 1932, the pattern of the GOP capturing a greater percentage of presidential votes than congressional seats was reversed - i.e., the pattern was nearly the opposite of what it became in recent decades.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. opposite%1:10:00:: - a word that expresses a meaning opposed to the meaning of another word (antonym)
2. opposite%1:24:03:: - a relation of direct opposition (synonyms: reverse, contrary)
3. opposite%1:18:00:: - a contestant that you are matched against (opponent)
4. opposite%1:24:04:: - something inverted in sequence or character or effect (synonyms: inverse)

The phrase "nearly the opposite" here means "nearly the reverse/contrary of what was described." This is talking about the pattern being nearly the inverse/reverse of the recent pattern.

Sense 2 (reverse, contrary) and Sense 4 (inverse) are both candidates. Let me think more carefully.

"The pattern was nearly the opposite" - meaning the pattern was nearly the reverse/inverse of what came after 1932.

Sense 2: "a relation of direct opposition" with synonyms "reverse, contrary" - this fits well. The pattern prior to 1932 was in direct opposition to the pattern after 1932.

Sense 4: "something inverted in sequence or character or effect" with synonym "inverse" - this also fits.

Hmm, looking at the example for sense 2: "we thought Sue was older than Bill but just the reverse was true" - this is a direct opposition/reversal.

Looking at the example for sense 4: "when the direct approach failed he tried the inverse" - this is about trying an inverted approach.

In the context, "the pattern was nearly the opposite" suggests the pattern prior to 1932 was nearly the reverse/inverse of the recent pattern. Both senses 2 and 4 could work, but sense 2 with "reverse, contrary" as synonyms seems to be the more common usage of "the opposite" as a noun meaning "the reverse/contrary of something."

Actually, I think sense 2 is the best fit here. "The opposite" as used here means "the contrary" - the pattern was the contrary of what it became. The synonyms "reverse, contrary" align well with this usage.

Sense 4 "inverse" is more about mathematical or systematic inversion, which is slightly different from the colloquial "opposite" used here.

I'll go with sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: account_for
Target surface form: accounts for
Context:
In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What <t>accounts for</t> the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=account_for%2:42:00:: | definition=be the reason or explanation for | examples=The recession accounts for the slow retail business
2. sense_key=account_for%2:32:00:: | definition=give reasons for | examples=Can you account for all these absences?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The sentence is asking "What accounts for the results of recent decades?" - this is asking for the reason or explanation for the results. This matches sense 1: "be the reason or explanation for."