[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: child
Target surface form: children
Context:
Why ca not we teach our <t>children</t> to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=child%1:18:00:: | definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
2. sense_key=child%1:18:01:: | definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=kid | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
3. sense_key=child%1:18:06:: | definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=baby | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
4. sense_key=child%1:18:07:: | definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about teaching children to read, write, and reckon. This refers to young people who are being educated - "kids" in the general sense of young persons.

Sense 1: "a young person of either sex" - this fits well since we're talking about teaching young people basic skills like reading, writing, and arithmetic.

Sense 2: "a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age" - this is about offspring in general, which could work but the context of teaching basic literacy suggests young people specifically.

Sense 3: "an immature childish person" - doesn't fit, as this refers to adults acting childishly.

Sense 4: "a member of a clan or tribe" - doesn't fit the context at all.

Between sense 1 and sense 2: The context "teach our children to read, write and reckon" refers to young people learning basic skills, which aligns with sense 1 (young person). Sense 2 is more about offspring generally and could include adult children.

Sense 1 is the best fit.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: read
Target surface form: read
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to <t>read</t>, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=read%2:31:00:: | definition=interpret something that is written or printed | examples=read the advertisement; Have you read Salman Rushdie?
2. sense_key=read%2:42:00:: | definition=have or contain a certain wording or form | synonyms=say | examples=The passage reads as follows; What does the law say?
3. sense_key=read%2:31:01:: | definition=look at, interpret, and say out loud something that is written or printed | examples=The King will read the proclamation at noon
4. sense_key=read%2:31:06:: | definition=obtain data from magnetic tapes | synonyms=scan | examples=This dictionary can be read by the computer
5. sense_key=read%2:31:02:: | definition=interpret the significance of, as of palms, tea leaves, intestines, the sky; also of human behavior | examples=She read the sky and predicted rain; I can't read his strange behavior
6. sense_key=read%2:31:09:: | definition=interpret something in a certain way; convey a particular meaning or impression | synonyms=take | examples=I read this address as a satire; How should I take this message?
7. sense_key=read%2:31:05:: | definition=be a student of a certain subject | synonyms=learn, study, take | examples=She is reading for the bar exam
8. sense_key=read%2:32:02:: | definition=indicate a certain reading; of gauges and instruments | synonyms=register, show, record | examples=The thermometer showed thirteen degrees below zero; The gauge read `empty'
9. sense_key=read%2:36:05:: | definition=audition for a stage role by reading parts of a role | examples=He is auditioning for `Julius Caesar' at Stratford this year
10. sense_key=read%2:31:08:: | definition=to hear and understand | examples=I read you loud and clear!
11. sense_key=read%2:31:04:: | definition=make sense of a language | synonyms=understand, interpret, translate | examples=She understands French; Can you read Greek?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The context is: "Why ca not we teach our children to <t>read</t>, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do."

This is about teaching children basic literacy skills - reading, writing, and arithmetic. The sense of "read" here is the general ability to interpret written/printed text.

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=read%2:31:00:: | definition=interpret something that is written or printed
4. sense_key=read%2:31:06:: | definition=obtain data from magnetic tapes
11. sense_key=read%2:31:04:: | definition=make sense of a language

Sense 1 is the most general and fits best - "interpret something that is written or printed." The context is about teaching children to read, which is the basic literacy skill of interpreting written text.

Sense 11 is more about understanding a language (like translating or comprehending foreign language), which is not what's meant here. We teach children to read their native language.

So the answer is sense 1.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Minimax

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: write
Target surface form: write
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, <t>write</t> and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=write%2:36:00:: | definition=produce a literary work | synonyms=compose, pen, indite | examples=She composed a poem; He wrote four novels
2. sense_key=write%2:32:00:: | definition=communicate or express by writing | examples=Please write to me every week
3. sense_key=write%2:36:02:: | definition=have (one's written work) issued for publication | synonyms=publish | examples=How many books did Georges Simenon write?; She published 25 books during her long career
4. sense_key=write%2:32:08:: | definition=communicate (with) in writing | synonyms=drop a line | examples=Write her soon, please!
5. sense_key=write%2:32:01:: | definition=communicate by letter | examples=He wrote that he would be coming soon
6. sense_key=write%2:36:04:: | definition=write music | synonyms=compose | examples=Beethoven composed nine symphonies
7. sense_key=write%2:36:01:: | definition=mark or trace on a surface | examples=The artist wrote Chinese characters on a big piece of white paper; Russian is written with the Cyrillic alphabet
8. sense_key=write%2:32:03:: | definition=record data on a computer | synonyms=save | examples=boot-up instructions are written on the hard disk
9. sense_key=write%2:36:03:: | definition=write or name the letters that comprise the conventionally accepted form of (a word or part of a word) | synonyms=spell | examples=He spelled the word wrong in this letter
10. sense_key=write%2:36:10:: | definition=create code, write a computer program | examples=She writes code faster than anybody else

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about teaching children to "read, write and reckon." This refers to the basic skill of writing - being able to form letters and write text, not composing literary works, not publishing, not computer programming, etc.

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. produce a literary work (compose, pen, indite) - This is about creating literature, not basic writing skills
2. communicate or express by writing - "Please write to me every week" - this is about written communication
3. have (one's written work) issued for publication - about publishing
4. communicate (with) in writing - "Write her soon, please!" - about correspondence
5. communicate by letter - about letters
6. write music - about composing music
7. mark or trace on a surface - "The artist wrote Chinese characters" - this is about physically writing/marking
8. record data on a computer - about saving data
9. spell - about spelling words
10. create code - about programming

The context "teach our children to read, write and reckon" refers to the basic literacy skill of being able to write - forming letters and words on a surface. This is sense 7, "mark or trace on a surface," which is about the physical act of writing.

Sense 2 "communicate or express by writing" could also apply, but sense 7 is more fundamental - it's about the actual physical skill of writing (forming characters), which is what's taught alongside reading.

Actually, let me reconsider. "Read, write and reckon" - these are the three R's of basic education. "Write" here refers to the ability to write text, which is the physical act of marking characters on a surface. Sense 7 fits best because it describes the fundamental skill of writing/marking on a surface, which is what children learn in school.

The answer is sense 7.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: reckon
Target surface form: reckon
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and <t>reckon</t>? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=reckon%2:31:02:: | definition=expect, believe, or suppose | synonyms=think, opine, suppose, imagine, guess | examples=I imagine she earned a lot of money with her new novel; I thought to find her in a bad state
2. sense_key=reckon%2:31:03:: | definition=judge to be probable | synonyms=calculate, estimate, count on, figure, forecast
3. sense_key=reckon%2:31:00:: | definition=deem to be | synonyms=see, consider, view, regard | examples=She views this quite differently from me; I consider her to be shallow
4. sense_key=reckon%2:31:01:: | definition=make a mathematical calculation or computation | synonyms=calculate, cipher, cypher, compute, work out, figure
5. sense_key=reckon%2:31:05:: | definition=have faith or confidence in | synonyms=count, bet, depend, look, calculate | examples=you can count on me to help you any time; Look to your friends for support
6. sense_key=reckon%2:31:13:: | definition=take account of | synonyms=count | examples=You have to reckon with our opponents; Count on the monsoon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is "Why can not we teach our children to read, write and reckon?" Here, "reckon" is used alongside "read" and "write" as a basic skill. This refers to arithmetic/mathematical calculation. The phrase "read, write and reckon" is a common expression meaning basic literacy and numeracy skills (sometimes "read, write, and arithmetic" or "reckon" as a synonym for arithmetic).

So this matches sense 4: "make a mathematical calculation or computation" with synonyms calculate, cipher, cypher, compute, work out, figure.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: know
Target surface form: know
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not <t>know</t> how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=know%2:31:01:: | definition=be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about | synonyms=cognize, cognise | examples=I know that the President lied to the people; I want to know who is winning the game!
2. sense_key=know%2:31:03:: | definition=know how to do or perform something | examples=She knows how to knit; Does your husband know how to cook?
3. sense_key=know%2:31:02:: | definition=be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt | examples=I know that I left the key on the table; Galileo knew that the earth moves around the sun
4. sense_key=know%2:31:00:: | definition=be familiar or acquainted with a person or an object | examples=She doesn't know this composer; Do you know my sister?
5. sense_key=know%2:31:04:: | definition=have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations | synonyms=experience, live | examples=I know the feeling!; have you ever known hunger?
6. sense_key=know%2:31:06:: | definition=accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority | synonyms=acknowledge, recognize, recognise | examples=The Crown Prince was acknowledged as the true heir to the throne; We do not recognize your gods
7. sense_key=know%2:31:15:: | definition=have fixed in the mind | examples=I know Latin; This student knows her irregular verbs
8. sense_key=know%2:35:00:: | definition=have sexual intercourse with | synonyms=sleep together, roll in the hay, love, make out, make love, sleep with | examples=This student sleeps with everyone in her dorm; Adam knew Eve
9. sense_key=know%2:31:11:: | definition=know the nature or character of | examples=we all knew her as a big show-off
10. sense_key=know%2:31:12:: | definition=be able to distinguish, recognize as being different | examples=The child knows right from wrong
11. sense_key=know%2:31:14:: | definition=perceive as familiar | examples=I know this voice!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output: {"sense_index": 2}{"sense_index": 2}

content: {"sense_index": 2}{"sense_index": 2}

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to."

The target word "know" is used in the phrase "know how to" - meaning to have the ability or skill to do something.

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. know%2:31:01:: - be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about
2. know%2:31:03:: - know how to do or perform something - This matches perfectly with "know how to"
3. know%2:31:02:: - be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something
4. know%2:31:00:: - be familiar or acquainted with a person or an object
5. know%2:31:04:: - have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations
6. know%2:31:06:: - accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority
7. know%2:31:15:: - have fixed in the mind
8. know%2:35:00:: - have sexual intercourse with
9. know%2:31:11:: - know the nature or character of
10. know%2:31:12:: - be able to distinguish, recognize as being different
11. know%2:31:14:: - perceive as familiar

The phrase "know how to" directly maps to sense 2 (know%2:31:03::), which has the definition "know how to do or perform something" and the example "She knows how to knit."

The answer is sense_index 2.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: know
Target surface form: know
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not <t>know</t> how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=know%2:31:01:: | definition=be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about | synonyms=cognize, cognise | examples=I know that the President lied to the people; I want to know who is winning the game!
2. sense_key=know%2:31:03:: | definition=know how to do or perform something | examples=She knows how to knit; Does your husband know how to cook?
3. sense_key=know%2:31:02:: | definition=be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt | examples=I know that I left the key on the table; Galileo knew that the earth moves around the sun
4. sense_key=know%2:31:00:: | definition=be familiar or acquainted with a person or an object | examples=She doesn't know this composer; Do you know my sister?
5. sense_key=know%2:31:04:: | definition=have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations | synonyms=experience, live | examples=I know the feeling!; have you ever known hunger?
6. sense_key=know%2:31:06:: | definition=accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority | synonyms=acknowledge, recognize, recognise | examples=The Crown Prince was acknowledged as the true heir to the throne; We do not recognize your gods
7. sense_key=know%2:31:15:: | definition=have fixed in the mind | examples=I know Latin; This student knows her irregular verbs
8. sense_key=know%2:35:00:: | definition=have sexual intercourse with | synonyms=sleep together, roll in the hay, love, make out, make love, sleep with | examples=This student sleeps with everyone in her dorm; Adam knew Eve
9. sense_key=know%2:31:11:: | definition=know the nature or character of | examples=we all knew her as a big show-off
10. sense_key=know%2:31:12:: | definition=be able to distinguish, recognize as being different | examples=The child knows right from wrong
11. sense_key=know%2:31:14:: | definition=perceive as familiar | examples=I know this voice!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

[Assistant] {"sense_index": 2}{"sense_index": 2}

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 11. Return only valid JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}.

content: {"sense_index": 2}{"sense_index": 2}

reasoning_content:
The context is: "Why can not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to."

The phrase "know how to" clearly matches sense 2: "know how to do or perform something" with examples like "She knows how to knit; Does your husband know how to cook?"


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: want
Target surface form: want
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not <t>want</t> to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=want%2:37:00:: | definition=feel or have a desire for; want strongly | synonyms=desire | examples=I want to go home now; I want my own room
2. sense_key=want%2:34:00:: | definition=have need of | synonyms=need, require | examples=This piano wants the attention of a competent tuner
3. sense_key=want%2:35:00:: | definition=hunt or look for; want for a particular reason | examples=Your former neighbor is wanted by the FBI; Uncle Sam wants you
4. sense_key=want%2:31:01:: | definition=wish or demand the presence of | examples=I want you here at noon!
5. sense_key=want%2:42:01:: | definition=be without, lack; be deficient in | examples=want courtesy; want the strength to go on living

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "want" in the context: "It's that we do not want to." This is about not having the desire to teach children. The sense is about desire/willingness to do something.

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=want%2:37:00:: | definition=feel or have a desire for; want strongly | synonyms=desire | examples=I want to go home now; I want my own room
2. sense_key=want%2:34:00:: | definition=have need of | synonyms=need, require | examples=This piano wants the attention of a competent tuner
3. sense_key=want%2:35:00:: | definition=hunt or look for; want for a particular reason | examples=Your former neighbor is wanted by the FBI; Uncle Sam wants you
4. sense_key=want%2:42:01:: | definition=be without, lack; be deficient in | examples=want courtesy; want the strength to go on living

Sense 1 is about desire, which matches "we do not want to" (we do not desire/wish to do it). The example "I want to go home now" is structurally similar to "we do not want to [teach children]".

Sense 2 is about needing, which doesn't fit here.
Sense 3 is about looking for, which doesn't fit.
Sense 4 is about lacking, which doesn't fit.

The best match is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: reason
Target surface form: reason
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the <t>reason</t> we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=reason%1:16:00:: | definition=a rational motive for a belief or action | synonyms=ground | examples=the reason that war was declared; the grounds for their declaration
2. sense_key=reason%1:10:01:: | definition=an explanation of the cause of some phenomenon | examples=the reason a steady state was never reached was that the back pressure built up too slowly
3. sense_key=reason%1:09:00:: | definition=the capacity for rational thought or inference or discrimination | synonyms=understanding, intellect | examples=we are told that man is endowed with reason and capable of distinguishing good from evil
4. sense_key=reason%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of having good sense and sound judgment | synonyms=rationality, reasonableness | examples=his rationality may have been impaired; he had to rely less on reason than on rousing their emotions
5. sense_key=reason%1:10:00:: | definition=a justification for something existing or happening | synonyms=cause, grounds | examples=he had no cause to complain; they had good reason to rejoice
6. sense_key=reason%1:09:01:: | definition=a fact that logically justifies some premise or conclusion | examples=there is reason to believe he is lying

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "reason" appears in the context: "And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish..."

This usage is about explaining why we do not want to do something. "The reason we do not want to is that..." - this is a justification/explanation for an action or state.

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=reason%1:16:00:: | "a rational motive for a belief or action" | synonyms=ground | "the reason that war was declared; the grounds for their declaration"
2. sense_key=reason%1:10:01:: | "an explanation of the cause of some phenomenon" | "the reason a steady state was never reached was that the back pressure built up too slowly"
3. sense_key=reason%1:09:00:: | "the capacity for rational thought" - this is about the faculty of reason, not the right fit
4. sense_key=reason%1:26:00:: | "the state of having good sense and sound judgment" - not this
5. sense_key=reason%1:10:00:: | "a justification for something existing or happening" | synonyms=cause, grounds | "he had no cause to complain; they had good reason to rejoice"
6. sense_key=reason%1:09:01:: | "a fact that logically justifies some premise or conclusion" - this is more about logical justification

The context is: "the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to..." - this is explaining the cause/justification for not wanting to teach effectively.

Sense 2 is "an explanation of the cause of some phenomenon" - this fits well because the reason is being used to explain the cause of "we do not want to."

Sense 5 is "a justification for something existing or happening" - this also fits since it's justifying why we don't want to.

Sense 1 is "a rational motive for a belief or action" - this fits too because the reason is motivating the belief/action of not wanting to.

Let me think more carefully. The phrase "the reason we do not want to is that..." - this is providing a reason/cause for the desire (or lack thereof). It's explaining why we don't want to.

Sense 1: "a rational motive for a belief or action" - The reason for not wanting to is the motive behind the belief/action. This fits.

Sense 2: "an explanation of the cause of some phenomenon" - This is more about explaining a natural phenomenon. The example is about back pressure causing a steady state not being reached. The context here is about human behavior/motivation, not a natural phenomenon.

Sense 5: "a justification for something existing or happening" - The reason we don't want to is a justification for our reluctance. This fits.

Hmm, the distinction between sense 1 and sense 5 is subtle. Sense 1 has synonym "ground" and the example is "the reason that war was declared; the grounds for their declaration" - this is about a motive behind an action.

Sense 5 has synonyms "cause, grounds" and example "he had no cause to complain; they had good reason to rejoice" - this is more about justification.

Looking at the context: "the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs..." - The reason is providing a cause/explanation for why we don't want to do something.

I think sense 1 fits best because the "reason" is functioning as a motive for the action (or inaction) of not wanting to teach effectively. The example "the reason that war was declared" is structurally similar to "the reason we do not want to [teach]."

Actually, let me reconsider. Sense 2: "an explanation of the cause of some phenomenon" - the phenomenon here is "we do not want to" and the reason is explaining the cause of that phenomenon. This could fit.

But "phenomenon" suggests something observable, often natural. The use of "reason" here is more about human motivation.

I'll go with sense 1: "a rational motive for a belief or action" because the reason is the motive behind the action of not wanting to teach.

Wait, let me look at this more carefully. In WordNet, sense 1 (reason%1:16:00) is the "motive" sense, sense 2 (reason%1:10:01) is the "cause/explanation" sense, and sense 5 (reason%1:10:00) is the "justification" sense.

The context is explaining why people don't want to teach effectively. The reason is "that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs." This is providing a cause/motivation.

I think sense 1 (a rational motive for a belief or action) is the best fit because the reason here is functioning as the motive for the belief/action (not wanting to teach effectively).

Actually, on further reflection, I think sense 5 might be more appropriate: "a justification for something existing or happening" - because the sentence is providing a justification for why we don't want to.

Let me compare the two more carefully:
- Sense 1: "a rational motive for a belief or action" - the reason is the motive
- Sense 5: "a justification for something existing or happening" - the reason justifies

In the context, "the reason we do not want to is that..." - the reason is the cause of the not-wanting. It's more of a cause than a justification.

Hmm, but the example for sense 1 is "the reason that war was declared" - which is structurally similar. "The reason we do not want to teach effectively" - the reason is what's driving the decision.

I'll go with sense 1.

Actually, I want to reconsider once more. Looking at the structure:
- "The reason that war was declared" (sense 1 example) - this is the reason behind the declaration
- "The reason a steady state was never reached" (sense 2 example) - this is the cause of the steady state not being reached

The context: "the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to..." - the reason is what's driving the reluctance.

This is most similar to "the reason that war was declared" - both are about the reason behind an action/decision.

So sense 1 seems best: a rational motive for a belief or action.

Final answer: sense_index 1


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: want
Target surface form: want
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not <t>want</t> to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=want%2:37:00:: | definition=feel or have a desire for; want strongly | synonyms=desire | examples=I want to go home now; I want my own room
2. sense_key=want%2:34:00:: | definition=have need of | synonyms=need, require | examples=This piano wants the attention of a competent tuner
3. sense_key=want%2:35:00:: | definition=hunt or look for; want for a particular reason | examples=Your former neighbor is wanted by the FBI; Uncle Sam wants you
4. sense_key=want%2:31:01:: | definition=wish or demand the presence of | examples=I want you here at noon!
5. sense_key=want%2:42:01:: | definition=be without, lack; be deficient in | examples=want courtesy; want the strength to go on living

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context is about not wanting to teach children effectively. "We do not want to" - this expresses a desire/lack of desire to do something. This is sense 1: "feel or have a desire for; want strongly" - expressing desire (or lack thereof).

provider: Parasail


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: effective
Target surface form: effective
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that <t>effective</t> education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=effective%3:00:00:: | definition=producing or capable of producing an intended result or having a striking effect; -LewisMumford | synonyms=effectual, efficacious | examples=an air-cooled motor was more effective than a witch's broomstick for rapid long-distance transportation; effective teaching methods
2. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:competent:00 | definition=able to accomplish a purpose; functioning effectively; -G.B.Shaw | synonyms=efficient | examples=people who will do nothing unless they get something out of it for themselves are often highly effective persons...; effective personnel
3. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:efficacious:00 | definition=works well as a means or remedy | examples=an effective reprimand; a lotion that is effective in cases of prickly heat
4. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:operative:00 | definition=exerting force or influence | synonyms=good, in effect, in force | examples=the law is effective immediately; a warranty good for two years
5. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:actual:00 | definition=existing in fact; not theoretical; real | examples=a decline in the effective demand; confused increased equipment and expenditure with the quantity of effective work done
6. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:operational:00 | definition=ready for service | examples=the fort was held by about 100 effective soldiers

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "effective" is used in the context: "effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs..."

Here, "effective education" means education that produces an intended result - education that works, that is successful in achieving its goals. This aligns with sense 1: "producing or capable of producing an intended result or having a striking effect." The synonyms are "effectual, efficacious" and the example "effective teaching methods" is very similar to "effective education."

Sense 2 is about being competent/efficient at accomplishing a purpose (more about people being effective).
Sense 3 is about working well as a remedy.
Sense 4 is about exerting force or influence (like laws being effective).
Sense 5 is about existing in fact (theoretical vs actual).
Sense 6 is about being ready for service.

The best fit is sense 1, as "effective education" means education that produces the intended result of actually teaching children to read, write, and reckon.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: education
Target surface form: education
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective <t>education</t> would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=education%1:04:00:: | definition=the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill | synonyms=instruction, teaching, pedagogy, didactics, educational activity | examples=he received no formal education; our instruction was carefully programmed
2. sense_key=education%1:09:00:: | definition=knowledge acquired by learning and instruction | examples=it was clear that he had a very broad education
3. sense_key=education%1:09:01:: | definition=the gradual process of acquiring knowledge | examples=education is a preparation for life; a girl's education was less important than a boy's
4. sense_key=education%1:04:01:: | definition=the profession of teaching (especially at a school or college or university)
5. sense_key=education%1:07:01:: | definition=the result of good upbringing (especially knowledge of correct social behavior) | synonyms=training, breeding | examples=a woman of breeding and refinement
6. sense_key=education%1:14:00:: | definition=the United States federal department that administers all federal programs dealing with education (including federal aid to educational institutions and students); created 1979 | synonyms=Department of Education, Education Department

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context discusses "effective education" requiring people to "relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs." This refers to the process or activity of teaching/instructing. The sentence is about the act of educating - what teaching would require. Sense 1 (education%1:04:00::) covers "the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill" with synonyms like instruction, teaching, pedagogy. The example "our instruction was carefully programmed" fits well with the idea of education as a process of teaching.

Sense 3 is about "the gradual process of acquiring knowledge" - which is more about the student's perspective of learning.
Sense 2 is about knowledge acquired - a result.

The context says "effective education would require us to relinquish..." - this is about the activity/process of teaching, which aligns with sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: require
Target surface form: require
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would <t>require</t> us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=require%2:42:00:: | definition=require as useful, just, or proper | synonyms=necessitate, ask, postulate, need, take, involve | examples=It takes nerve to do what she did; success usually requires hard work
2. sense_key=require%2:32:01:: | definition=consider obligatory; request and expect | synonyms=ask, expect | examples=We require our secretary to be on time; Aren't we asking too much of these children?
3. sense_key=require%2:32:00:: | definition=make someone do something | synonyms=command
4. sense_key=require%2:34:00:: | definition=have need of | synonyms=want, need | examples=This piano wants the attention of a competent tuner

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about effective education requiring us to relinquish certain beliefs. Here, "require" means that effective education necessitates or would need us to do something. This is about something being necessary or obligatory in a logical/practical sense.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. "require as useful, just, or proper" - synonyms: necessitate, ask, postulate, need, take, involve. Examples: "It takes nerve to do what she did; success usually requires hard work" - this is about something being necessary or required as a consequence.

2. "consider obligatory; request and expect" - synonyms: ask, expect. Examples: "We require our secretary to be on time" - this is about demanding or expecting someone to do something.

3. "make someone do something" - synonyms: command - this is more forceful.

4. "have need of" - synonyms: want, need. Examples: "This piano wants the attention of a competent tuner" - this is about needing something.

The sentence "effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs" means that effective education necessitates or would need us to do this. This is about logical necessity - if we want effective education, we would need to relinquish those beliefs.

Sense 1 seems best - "require as useful, just, or proper" with synonyms like "necessitate, need, take, involve" - because effective education necessitates this action. It's about what the situation requires/needs, not about commanding someone (sense 2 or 3).

Sense 4 "have need of" is also close, but sense 1 is more about the logical necessity in context of doing something that is proper or justified.

Actually, let me reconsider. Sense 1 says "require as useful, just, or proper" - this is about something being required because it's useful, just, or proper. Sense 4 is "have need of" - simply need.

In the context, "effective education would require us to relinquish..." - the education requires/needs us to do this. This is a statement of necessity.

Between sense 1 and sense 4, sense 1 seems more appropriate because it captures the sense of "necessitate" - the education logically necessitates this consequence. Sense 4 is more about a simple need/want.

I'll go with sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: relinquish
Target surface form: relinquish
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to <t>relinquish</t> some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=relinquish%2:40:01:: | definition=part with a possession or right | synonyms=release, resign, free, give up | examples=I am relinquishing my bedroom to the long-term house guest; resign a claim to the throne
2. sense_key=relinquish%2:41:00:: | definition=do without or cease to hold or adhere to | synonyms=waive, forgo, forego, foreswear, dispense with | examples=We are dispensing with formalities; relinquish the old ideas
3. sense_key=relinquish%2:40:00:: | definition=turn away from; give up | synonyms=foreswear, renounce, quit | examples=I am foreswearing women forever
4. sense_key=relinquish%2:35:02:: | definition=release, as from one's grip | synonyms=let go of, let go, release | examples=Let go of the door handle, please!; relinquish your grip on the rope--you won't fall

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context talks about giving up "cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature." This is about giving up ideas/beliefs, not physical possessions. Looking at the candidate senses:

1. "part with a possession or right" - this is about material possessions or rights
2. "do without or cease to hold or adhere to" - this fits "relinquish beliefs/ideas" well
3. "turn away from; give up" - also could fit, but more about renouncing
4. "release, as from one's grip" - physical grip, doesn't fit

The example for sense 2 is "relinquish the old ideas" which closely matches "relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs." Sense 2 seems like the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: belief
Target surface form: beliefs
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical <t>beliefs</t> about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=belief%1:09:00:: | definition=any cognitive content held as true
2. sense_key=belief%1:09:01:: | definition=a vague idea in which some confidence is placed | synonyms=impression, feeling, notion, opinion | examples=his impression of her was favorable; what are your feelings about the crisis?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context discusses "cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature" - these are cognitive contents held as true, deeply held convictions. The text says "effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs" and "These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment..."

Sense 1: "any cognitive content held as true" - this fits well because metaphysical beliefs about human nature are cognitive contents held as true.

Sense 2: "a vague idea in which some confidence is placed" with synonyms like impression, feeling, notion, opinion - this suggests something less certain, more vague. The context describes "cherished" beliefs that "dominate" institutions, which suggests deeply held convictions rather than vague impressions.

The best fit is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: young
Target surface form: young
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of <t>young</t> people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=young%3:00:00:: | definition=(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth | synonyms=immature | examples=young people
2. sense_key=young%5:00:00:early:02 | definition=(of crops) harvested at an early stage of development; before complete maturity | synonyms=new | examples=new potatoes; young corn
3. sense_key=young%5:00:01:young:00 | definition=suggestive of youth; vigorous and fresh | synonyms=youthful, vernal | examples=he is young for his age
4. sense_key=young%5:00:00:new:00 | definition=being in its early stage | examples=a young industry; the day is still young
5. sense_key=young%5:00:00:inexperienced:00 | definition=not tried or tested by experience | synonyms=unseasoned, untested, untried | examples=unseasoned artillery volunteers; still untested in battle

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The target word is "young" in the phrase "the human nature of young people." This refers to people who are in an early period of life. The best match is sense 1, which is about living things (especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth. The example "young people" directly matches the context.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: people
Target surface form: people
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young <t>people</t> in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=people%1:14:00:: | definition=(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively | examples=old people; there were at least 200 people in the audience
2. sense_key=people%1:14:01:: | definition=the body of citizens of a state or country | synonyms=citizenry | examples=the Spanish people
3. sense_key=people%1:14:02:: | definition=members of a family line | examples=his people have been farmers for generations; are your people still alive?
4. sense_key=people%1:14:03:: | definition=the common people generally | synonyms=multitude, masses, mass, hoi polloi, the great unwashed | examples=separate the warriors from the mass; power to the people

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The target word "people" appears in the phrase "young people." Looking at the context, the discussion is about education, human nature, and the nature of young people specifically. The sense that best fits here is the general collective sense of human beings - "young people" refers to young human beings (children/youth), which aligns with sense 1: "(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively."


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: violate
Target surface form: violate
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to <t>violate</t> some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=violate%2:42:00:: | definition=fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns | synonyms=go against, break | examples=This sentence violates the rules of syntax
2. sense_key=violate%2:41:00:: | definition=act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises | synonyms=transgress, offend, infract, go against, breach, break | examples=offend all laws of humanity; violate the basic laws or human civilization
3. sense_key=violate%2:35:00:: | definition=destroy | examples=Don't violate my garden; violate my privacy
4. sense_key=violate%2:41:02:: | definition=violate the sacred character of a place or language | synonyms=desecrate, profane, outrage | examples=desecrate a cemetery; violate the sanctity of the church
5. sense_key=violate%2:41:01:: | definition=force (someone) to have sex against their will | synonyms=rape, ravish, assault, dishonor, dishonour, outrage | examples=The woman was raped on her way home at night
6. sense_key=violate%2:35:01:: | definition=destroy and strip of its possession | synonyms=rape, spoil, despoil, plunder | examples=The soldiers raped the beautiful country

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "violate" in the context: "effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to <t>violate</t> some cherished vested interests."

Let me analyze the context. The sentence is talking about how effective education would require us to:
1. Relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs
2. Violate some cherished vested interests

So "violate" here is paired with "vested interests" - meaning going against or acting against the interests of certain groups. This could mean acting in disregard of certain interests, or going against them.

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. "fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns" - This fits with going against rules or patterns
2. "act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises" - This is about disregarding specific agreements
3. "destroy" - doesn't fit as well
4. "violate the sacred character" - about desecration
5. "force someone to have sex" - not relevant
6. "destroy and strip of its possession" - not relevant

The phrase "violate vested interests" suggests going against or contradicting the interests of certain groups. This is more about being in opposition to or going against patterns/rules/expectations.

Sense 1 is about failing to agree with or being in violation of rules/patterns. Sense 2 is about acting in disregard of laws/rules/contracts/promises.

"Vested interests" aren't exactly laws, rules, contracts, or promises - they're more like entrenched interests or patterns. The idea is that effective education would go against these interests.

Sense 1 seems to fit better - it's about not conforming to or going against established patterns. The example "This sentence violates the rules of syntax" shows a similar usage pattern of going against established rules/patterns.

Actually, let me reconsider. "Violate vested interests" - this could mean to act against them, to infringe upon them. The sense 1 definition "fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns" with synonyms "go against, break" fits well here. We're going against the patterns/expectations of vested interests.

Sense 2 with "act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises" is more specific to formal agreements, which doesn't quite fit "vested interests."

I'll go with sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: belief
Target surface form: beliefs
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These <t>beliefs</t> so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=belief%1:09:00:: | definition=any cognitive content held as true
2. sense_key=belief%1:09:01:: | definition=a vague idea in which some confidence is placed | synonyms=impression, feeling, notion, opinion | examples=his impression of her was favorable; what are your feelings about the crisis?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context discusses "metaphysical beliefs about human nature" and "cherished beliefs" that dominate educational establishments. These are cognitive contents held as true, not vague ideas or impressions. Sense 1 fits best.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: so
Target surface form: so
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs <t>so</t> dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=so%4:02:02:: | definition=to a very great extent or degree | examples=the idea is so obvious; never been so happy
2. sense_key=so%4:02:06:: | definition=in a manner that facilitates | examples=he observed the snakes so he could describe their behavior; he stooped down so he could pick up his hat
3. sense_key=so%4:02:05:: | definition=in such a condition or manner, especially as expressed or implied | examples=They're happy and I hope they will remain so; so live your life that old age will bring no regrets
4. sense_key=so%4:02:07:: | definition=to a certain unspecified extent or degree | examples=I can only go so far with this student; can do only so much in a day
5. sense_key=so%4:02:08:: | definition=in the same way; also | examples=I was offended and so was he; worked hard and so did she
6. sense_key=so%4:02:04:: | definition=in the way indicated; ; ; (`thusly' is a nonstandard variant) | synonyms=thus, thusly | examples=hold the brush so; set up the pieces thus
7. sense_key=so%4:02:03:: | definition=(usually followed by `that') to an extent or degree as expressed | examples=he was so tired he could hardly stand; so dirty that it smells
8. sense_key=so%4:02:09:: | definition=subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors) | synonyms=then, and so, and then | examples=then he left; go left first, then right
9. sense_key=so%4:02:10:: | definition=(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result | synonyms=therefore, hence, thence, thus | examples=therefore X must be true; the eggs were fresh and hence satisfactory
10. sense_key=so%4:02:00:: | definition=in truth (often tends to intensify) | synonyms=indeed | examples=they said the car would break down and indeed it did; it is very cold indeed

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "so" appears in the sentence: "These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."

This is a classic "so...that" construction meaning "to such a great extent/degree...that." The "so" is followed by a verb phrase and then "that" introduces a result clause.

Looking at the candidate senses:

7. sense_key=so%4:02:03:: | definition=(usually followed by `that') to an extent or degree as expressed | examples=he was so tired he could hardly stand; so dirty that it smells

This matches perfectly - the definition explicitly mentions being "usually followed by 'that'" and the examples show the same construction pattern.

The answer is sense 7.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: educational
Target surface form: educational
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our <t>educational</t> establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=educational%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to the process of education | examples=educational psychology
2. sense_key=educational%5:00:00:instructive:00 | definition=providing knowledge | examples=an educational film

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "educational" and the context is: "These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."

Here, "educational establishment" refers to the institution/school system related to education. This is clearly referring to the process of education - the system, institutions, and activities related to education.

Sense 1: "relating to the process of education" - this fits "educational establishment" well, as it refers to the institution/system of education.

Sense 2: "providing knowledge" (instructive) - this would be more applicable to something like "an educational film" that teaches something.

In this context, "educational establishment" means the establishment (institutions, organizations) related to the process of education, not something that is providing knowledge. So sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: establishment
Target surface form: establishment
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational <t>establishment</t>, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=establishment%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of forming or establishing something | synonyms=constitution, formation, organization, organisation | examples=the constitution of a PTA group last year; it was the establishment of his reputation
2. sense_key=establishment%1:14:00:: | definition=an organization founded and united for a specific purpose | synonyms=institution
3. sense_key=establishment%1:14:02:: | definition=the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something | synonyms=administration, governance, governing body, brass, organization, organisation | examples=he claims that the present administration is corrupt; the governance of an association is responsible to its members
4. sense_key=establishment%1:06:00:: | definition=a public or private structure (business or governmental or educational) including buildings and equipment for business or residence
5. sense_key=establishment%1:14:01:: | definition=any large organization
6. sense_key=establishment%1:22:00:: | definition=(ecology) the process by which a plant or animal becomes established in a new habitat | synonyms=ecesis
7. sense_key=establishment%1:09:00:: | definition=the cognitive process of establishing a valid proof | synonyms=validation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "establishment" appears in the context: "These beliefs so dominate our educational <t>establishment</t>, our media, our politicians, and even our parents..."

The context is talking about "educational establishment" - this refers to the system or institution of education, the people who administer and run education. Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. The act of forming or establishing something - doesn't fit
2. An organization founded and united for a specific purpose (synonym: institution) - this could fit
3. The persons who make up a body for the purpose of administering something (synonyms: administration, governance, brass) - this could also fit
4. A public or private structure including buildings and equipment - doesn't quite fit
5. Any large organization - too vague
6. Ecology - doesn't fit
7. Cognitive process of establishing a valid proof - doesn't fit

The phrase "educational establishment" typically refers to the system/institution of education, including the people who run it. Looking at the context, it says "These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents" - this lists "educational establishment" alongside "media," "politicians," and "parents" - all of which are groups of people or institutions.

The educational establishment is being contrasted with groups of people (politicians, parents), suggesting it refers to the institutional body that administers education. Sense 3 (persons who make up a body for the purpose of administering something) seems to fit well because the sentence is about beliefs dominating groups of people/organizations.

Actually, "educational establishment" in common usage often means the established educational system/institution. Sense 2 (an organization founded for a specific purpose, synonym: institution) is a strong candidate too.

Looking more carefully: "These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents" - the parallelism with "our politicians" and "our parents" (groups of people) suggests sense 3 - the persons who make up a body. But "establishment" can also be uncountable here referring to the institution as a whole.

I think sense 3 is the best fit because:
- It's paired with "politicians" and "parents" which are groups of people
- The "domination of beliefs" makes more sense when referring to people/administrators
- "Educational establishment" as the administrative body of education

Actually, reconsidering - "the establishment" in "educational establishment" often refers to the institution itself (sense 2: institution) rather than the people who run it (sense 3). The educational establishment = the institution of education.

Hmm, this is tricky. Let me think again. The word "establishment" in the context of "the educational establishment" most commonly refers to the institution/system itself, not the people running it. So sense 2 (synonym: institution) might be the best fit.

But wait - sense 3 is "the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something" with synonyms including "administration, governance." This is also often called "the establishment" in a more specific sense.

In the sentence, the subject is "these beliefs" which dominate the establishment. Beliefs dominating an institution or beliefs dominating the people running it - either works. But "establishment" more specifically when used with "educational" typically refers to the system/institution.

I'll go with sense 2 (institution) as the best fit, since "educational establishment" most naturally refers to the institution of education.

Wait, but sense 2 doesn't quite capture the connotation of "the establishment" as a powerful body that dominates. Let me reconsider.

Actually, I think sense 3 is the best fit. "The educational establishment" in this context refers to the people and administrative bodies that control education. The sentence is about how beliefs dominate over various groups/people, and listing "educational establishment" alongside "politicians" and "parents" supports this interpretation.

Hmm, let me look at this more carefully. The examples for sense 3 are: "he claims that the present administration is corrupt; the governance of an association is responsible to its members" - these are about administration/governance.

The examples for sense 2 don't exist in the given data, but the synonym is "institution."

"Educational establishment" can mean either the institution or the people who run it. In the context of "these beliefs dominate our educational establishment," I think it could go either way, but the parallelism with "politicians" and "parents" (which are clearly people) might suggest sense 3.

I'll go with sense 3 - the persons who make up a body for the purpose of administering something. This is the "establishment" in the sense of the ruling/administrative body that controls education.

Actually, I want to reconsider one more time. "Our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents" - "our media" and "our politicians" - media is also an institution/system, not just people. So the parallelism doesn't necessarily imply people.

But "the establishment" in common usage often refers to a set of people in power. The word "establishment" with "educational" could mean the educational institution (sense 2) or the establishment (those in charge) of education (sense 3).

I think the most natural reading of "educational establishment" here is the institution of education, which aligns with sense 2. However, the connotation of "dominated by beliefs" suggests it's about the people who hold and perpetuate these beliefs, which aligns more with sense 3.

Let me go with sense 3, as I think the context emphasizes the people/administrators who perpetuate the beliefs, which is what "the establishment" typically connotes in this type of discourse.

Final answer: sense_index 3


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: politician
Target surface form: politicians
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our <t>politicians</t>, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=politician%1:18:01:: | definition=a leader engaged in civil administration
2. sense_key=politician%1:18:00:: | definition=a person active in party politics | synonyms=politico, pol, political leader
3. sense_key=politician%1:18:02:: | definition=a schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context discusses politicians in relation to "our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents." This is referring to politicians in general as people involved in public life and governance. The sense that best fits is sense 1: "a leader engaged in civil administration" - this is the general, neutral sense of politicians as public leaders. Sense 2 is more specific to party politics ("a person active in party politics"), which is a narrower sense. Sense 3 is clearly negative (schemer/underhanded), which doesn't fit the neutral context here.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: even
Target surface form: even
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and <t>even</t> our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=even%4:02:00:: | definition=used as an intensive especially to indicate something unexpected | examples=even an idiot knows that; declined even to consider the idea
2. sense_key=even%4:02:03:: | definition=in spite of; notwithstanding | examples=even when he is sick, he works; even with his head start she caught up with him
3. sense_key=even%4:02:01:: | definition=to a greater degree or extent; used with comparisons | synonyms=yet, still | examples=looked sick and felt even worse; an even (or still) more interesting problem
4. sense_key=even%4:02:04:: | definition=to the full extent | examples=loyal even unto death

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "even" is used in the context: "These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."

Here, "even" is used to indicate something unexpected — the fact that these beliefs dominate even parents (not just institutions, media, politicians) is presented as unexpected or surprising. This matches sense 1: "used as an intensive especially to indicate something unexpected." Examples like "even an idiot knows that" show this intensifier usage where the item added is surprising or unexpected.

Sense 2 is "in spite of; notwithstanding" — not a fit here.
Sense 3 is comparative — not a fit.
Sense 4 is "to the full extent" — not a fit.

The answer is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: parent
Target surface form: parents
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our <t>parents</t> that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=parent%1:18:00:: | definition=a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian
2. sense_key=parent%1:03:00:: | definition=an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context discusses education and mentions "parents" in the context of people who have beliefs about human nature and young people. This clearly refers to human parents - fathers and mothers who raise children. This matches sense 1, which is about a father or mother who begets, gives birth to, or nurtures and raises a child.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: seem
Target surface form: seems
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it <t>seems</t> almost blasphemous to challenge them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=seem%2:39:00:: | definition=give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect | synonyms=look, appear | examples=She seems to be sleeping; This appears to be a very difficult problem
2. sense_key=seem%2:39:01:: | definition=seem to be true, probable, or apparent | synonyms=appear | examples=It seems that he is very gifted; It appears that the weather in California is very bad
3. sense_key=seem%2:42:00:: | definition=appear to exist | examples=There seems no reason to go ahead with the project now
4. sense_key=seem%2:39:02:: | definition=appear to one's own mind or opinion | examples=I seem to be misunderstood by everyone; I can't seem to learn these Chinese characters

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."

Here, "seems" is used in the construction "it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them." This means "it appears to be the case that challenging them is almost blasphemous." This is about something appearing to be true or probable.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=seem%2:39:00:: | definition=give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect | synonyms=look, appear | examples=She seems to be sleeping; This appears to be a very difficult problem

2. sense_key=seem%2:39:01:: | definition=seem to be true, probable, or apparent | synonyms=appear | examples=It seems that he is very gifted; It appears that the weather in California is very bad

3. sense_key=seem%2:42:00:: | definition=appear to exist | examples=There seems no reason to go ahead with the project now

4. sense_key=seem%2:39:02:: | definition=appear to one's own mind or opinion | examples=I seem to be misunderstood by everyone; I can't seem to learn these Chinese characters

The construction "it seems [adjective] to [verb]" is similar to "it seems that..." which matches sense 2. The example "It seems that he is very gifted" is very close to "it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."

Sense 1 is more about giving an outward impression (like "she seems to be sleeping" - describing how something looks).

Sense 2 is about something appearing to be true or probable, which fits "it seems almost blasphemous" - meaning it appears to be the case that it would be blasphemous.

Sense 3 is about existence ("there seems no reason").

Sense 4 is about appearing to one's own mind.

The best fit is sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: blasphemous
Target surface form: blasphemous
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost <t>blasphemous</t> to challenge them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=blasphemous%5:00:00:irreverent:00 | definition=grossly irreverent toward what is held to be sacred | synonyms=profane, sacrilegious | examples=blasphemous rites of a witches' Sabbath; profane utterances against the Church
2. sense_key=blasphemous%5:00:00:dirty:02 | definition=characterized by profanity or cursing | synonyms=blue, profane | examples=foul-mouthed and blasphemous; blue language

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "blasphemous" is used in the context of challenging cherished beliefs about human nature and education. The sentence says it "seems almost blasphemous to challenge them," meaning that challenging these deeply held beliefs feels like a sacrilege — like speaking against something sacred.

Sense 1: "grossly irreverent toward what is held to be sacred" — this fits perfectly because the beliefs are described as "cherished" and dominating, almost like sacred truths that should not be challenged.

Sense 2: "characterized by profanity or cursing" — this doesn't fit; there's no profanity or cursing in the context.

Sense 1 is the clear best match.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: challenge
Target surface form: challenge
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to <t>challenge</t> them. Here is an example.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=challenge%2:32:01:: | definition=take exception to | synonyms=dispute, gainsay | examples=She challenged his claims
2. sense_key=challenge%2:32:00:: | definition=issue a challenge to | examples=Fischer challenged Spassky to a match
3. sense_key=challenge%2:32:03:: | definition=ask for identification | examples=The illegal immigrant was challenged by the border guard
4. sense_key=challenge%2:32:02:: | definition=raise a formal objection in a court of law | synonyms=take exception

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "challenge" is used in the context: "it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them." The "them" refers to "cherished metaphysical beliefs" and "cherished vested interests."

This means someone would be disputing or taking exception to these beliefs. The context is about questioning/criticizing/opposing these beliefs.

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. "take exception to" - synonyms: dispute, gainsay - example: "She challenged his claims"
2. "issue a challenge to" - example: "Fischer challenged Spassky to a match" - this is about issuing a formal challenge, like in a competition
3. "ask for identification" - not relevant here
4. "raise a formal objection in a court of law" - not relevant here

Sense 1 fits best - the person would be disputing or taking exception to the beliefs. This matches the context of questioning/criticizing dominant beliefs.

The answer is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: here
Target surface form: Here
Context:
Why ca not we teach our children to read, write and reckon? It's not that we do not know how to, because we do. It's that we do not want to. And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests. These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them. <t>Here</t> is an example. If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=here%4:02:00:: | definition=in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is | examples=I work here; turn here
2. sense_key=here%4:02:02:: | definition=in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail | examples=what do we have here?; here I must disagree
3. sense_key=here%4:02:01:: | definition=to this place (especially toward the speaker) | synonyms=hither | examples=come here, please
4. sense_key=here%4:02:04:: | definition=at this time; now | examples=we'll adjourn here for lunch and discuss the remaining issues this afternoon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "Here" in the sentence: "Here is an example."

This is a common discourse marker usage, where "here" is used to introduce something, often followed by "is." Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. "in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is" - This is about physical location.
2. "in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail" - This is about a circumstance, respect, or point.
3. "to this place (especially toward the speaker)" - This is about direction toward the speaker.
4. "at this time; now" - This is about time.

"Here is an example" - this is a presentative construction. The word "here" is being used to draw attention to what follows. It's pointing to what is about to be presented.

Looking at sense 1: "in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is" - the example "turn here" suggests a physical location.

Looking at sense 2: "in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail" - with examples like "what do we have here?" and "here I must disagree" - this seems closer to the discourse marker use.

Actually, "Here is an example" could fit with sense 2 because it's about "on this point" - the speaker is about to give an example relevant to the point being made. The "here" introduces something on the current point/topic.

But it could also be sense 1, as in "at this place in the text/discourse" where the speaker is presenting something.

Let me think more carefully. "Here" in "Here is an example" is a deictic presentation marker. It's pointing to the text that follows. In WordNet, this kind of usage is often categorized under the "at this place" sense (sense 1) where "place" is interpreted as "place in the discourse."

However, sense 2 is more about "in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail" which fits the example-giving context well. The speaker is saying "on this point, here is an example."

Actually, looking at common usage: "Here is an example" is typically categorized as a spatial/presentative use. But sense 1 says "where the speaker or writer is" - this would be more like "I am here" or physical location.

Sense 2 with "on this point" seems to fit better for "Here is an example" because the speaker is making a point and then presenting an example for that point.

Hmm, but "here is an example" is a very common construction. Let me think about which sense WordNet would assign.

In many dictionaries, "here" in "here is an example" is considered a spatial deictic used textually. But in WordNet, the categorization might differ.

Given the options, sense 2 seems most appropriate because:
- The speaker is presenting an example "on this point" (about education and creativity)
- The example illustrates the point being made
- "in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail" captures the discourse-presentative use

I'll go with sense 2.

Wait, let me reconsider. "Here is an example" - the "here" is pointing to the upcoming content. This is more of a presentative/demonstrative use. In WordNet's hierarchy:

Sense 1: "in or at this place" - physical or textual location
Sense 2: "in this circumstance or respect or on this point" - logical/argumentative context
Sense 3: "to this place" - directional
Sense 4: "at this time" - temporal

"Here is an example" is most naturally read as sense 1 - "at this place (in the text)" - the speaker is saying "at this point in my text/argument, I will present an example." The "place" can be interpreted as "place in the discourse."

Actually, I think sense 1 is more likely correct here. The phrase "Here is an example" is a standard presentative construction where "here" functions as a deictic pointing to the text. This is similar to "I work here" but applied to discourse space.

But sense 2 is also plausible because the example is given "on this point."

Let me look at the examples more carefully:
- Sense 1 examples: "I work here; turn here" - these are physical/textual location
- Sense 2 examples: "what do we have here?; here I must disagree" - these are more about "on this point"

"Here is an example" is parallel to "what do we have here?" in structure. Both are presentative constructions. But "what do we have here" seems to be in sense 2 according to the examples given.

Actually, "Here is an example" is introducing new content, and the speaker is saying "on this point, here is an example." The "here" refers to the immediate context in the discourse.

I think sense 2 is the better fit because:
1. The example given in sense 2 ("what do we have here?") is structurally similar to "Here is an example"
2. The definition of sense 2 mentions "on this point" which fits the argumentative/discursive use
3. The use of "here" to introduce an example is a discourse-presentative function, which relates to the point being made

I'll go with sense 2.