[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: prospect
Target surface form: prospect
Context:
Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the <t>prospect</t> of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=prospect%1:26:00:: | definition=the possibility of future success | synonyms=chance | examples=his prospects as a writer are excellent
2. sense_key=prospect%1:09:01:: | definition=belief about (or mental picture of) the future | synonyms=expectation, outlook
3. sense_key=prospect%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) | synonyms=candidate
4. sense_key=prospect%1:09:00:: | definition=the visual percept of a region | synonyms=view, aspect, scene, vista, panorama | examples=the most desirable feature of the park are the beautiful views
5. sense_key=prospect%1:04:00:: | definition=a prediction of the course of a disease | synonyms=prognosis, medical prognosis

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "prospect" in the context: "Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent."

Here "prospect of defeat" means the possibility/likelihood of future defeat. Let's examine senses:
1. possibility of future success - synonyms chance. But here it's possibility of defeat (negative), not success. However sense 1 is about possibility of future success specifically.
2. belief about (or mental picture of) the future - expectation, outlook. "prospect of defeat" = expectation/anticipation of defeat. This fits well: the mental picture/expectation of a future event (defeat).
3. someone considered for office - candidate. Not fit.
4. visual percept - view. Not fit.
5. medical prognosis. Not fit.

Between 1 and 2: Sense 1 is "the possibility of future success" - it's specifically positive (success). The phrase "prospect of defeat" is negative, so sense 1's gloss about success doesn't quite match, though "chance" is a synonym. Sense 2 "belief about (or mental picture of) the future" with synonyms expectation, outlook — "the prospect of defeat" means the expectation/anticipation of defeat. This is the classic usage: "the prospect of something happening" = the expectation/possibility of a future event.

WordNet sense prospect%1:09:01:: "belief about (or mental picture of) the future" is the sense for "the prospect of defeat" — a mental anticipation of a future event. Sense 1 is positive prospects (chances of success). So best is 2.

Actually let me reconsider. "the prospect of defeat" — in common usage "prospect" can mean the possibility or likelihood of some future occurrence, often negative ("the prospect of war"). WordNet separates: sense 1 (possibility of future success = chance, positive) and sense 2 (belief/mental picture of future = expectation/outlook). For "prospect of defeat", it's an expectation/anticipation of a future negative event — sense 2 fits better than the success-specific sense 1.

Answer: {"sense_index": 2}


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: defeat
Target surface form: defeat
Context:
Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of <t>defeat</t> at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=defeat%1:11:00:: | definition=an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest | synonyms=licking | examples=it was a narrow defeat; the army's only defeat
2. sense_key=defeat%1:12:00:: | definition=the feeling that accompanies an experience of being thwarted in attaining your goals | synonyms=frustration

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content: The target word "defeat" in context: "the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent." This refers to losing an election/contest, an unsuccessful ending to a struggle/contest. Sense 1. Not the feeling (sense 2). Answer JSON {"sense_index": 1}.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Moonshot AI

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: democratic
Target surface form: Democratic
Context:
Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a <t>Democratic</t> opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=democratic%3:00:00:: | definition=characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality; ; ; - George du Maurier | examples=democratic government; a democratic country
2. sense_key=democratic%3:01:00:: | definition=belong to or relating to the Democratic Party | examples=Democratic senator
3. sense_key=democratic%5:00:00:common:01 | definition=representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large | synonyms=popular | examples=democratic art forms; a democratic or popular movement

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context discusses Republican Party, congressional office, and a "Democratic opponent." This clearly refers to the Democratic Party. Sense 2 is "belong to or relating to the Democratic Party" with example "Democratic senator." So answer is sense_index 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: opponent
Target surface form: opponent
Context:
Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic <t>opponent</t>. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=opponent%1:18:02:: | definition=a contestant that you are matched against | synonyms=opposition, opposite
2. sense_key=opponent%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who offers opposition | synonyms=adversary, antagonist, opposer, resister

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "opponent" in the context "the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent." This refers to a political candidate running against someone in an election - a contestant matched against another in an electoral contest.

Sense 1: a contestant that you are matched against - synonyms opposition, opposite. This fits electoral competition where candidates are matched against each other.
Sense 2: someone who offers opposition - adversary, antagonist, opposer, resister. This is more general opposition/resistance.

In an electoral context, a "Democratic opponent" is specifically the contestant/candidate matched against the Republican candidate. This is clearly sense 1 - a contestant matched against you in a contest (election).

The answer is sense_index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: extent
Target surface form: extent
Context:
For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the <t>extent</t> that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=extent%1:26:00:: | definition=the point or degree to which something extends | examples=the extent of the damage; the full extent of the law
2. sense_key=extent%1:07:00:: | definition=the distance or area or volume over which something extends | examples=the vast extent of the desert; an orchard of considerable extent

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context uses "To the extent that" which is an idiom meaning "to the degree that". This corresponds to sense 1: the point or degree to which something extends. Sense 2 is about physical distance/area/volume. So answer is sense_index 1. Need only JSON. Ensure no sense key. Final only JSON.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: potential
Target surface form: potential
Context:
For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that <t>potential</t> Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=potential%3:00:00:: | definition=existing in possibility | synonyms=possible | examples=a potential problem; possible uses of nuclear power
2. sense_key=potential%5:00:00:prospective:00 | definition=expected to become or be; in prospect | synonyms=likely | examples=potential clients

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context: "potential Republican candidates" - people who may become candidates, expected to become candidates. Sense 2 "expected to become or be; in prospect" with example "potential clients" fits best. Sense 1 "existing in possibility" is more like "a potential problem". Candidates who are prospective = sense 2. Return JSON only.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: candidate
Target surface form: candidates
Context:
For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican <t>candidates</t> and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=candidate%1:18:01:: | definition=a politician who is running for public office | synonyms=campaigner, nominee
2. sense_key=candidate%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) | synonyms=prospect

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context discusses "potential Republican candidates" for congressional office, people who may run for election. This is clearly the political candidate sense. Sense 1: a politician who is running for public office. Although "potential candidates" are considered for running, the surrounding text is about running for congressional office, fielding a slate of congressional candidates. Best is sense 1. Return JSON only.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: realize
Target surface form: realize
Context:
For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers <t>realize</t> that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=realize%2:31:01:: | definition=be fully aware or cognizant of | synonyms=recognize, recognise, realise, agnize, agnise
2. sense_key=realize%2:31:00:: | definition=perceive (an idea or situation) mentally | synonyms=understand, realise, see | examples=Now I see!; I just can't see your point
3. sense_key=realize%2:36:00:: | definition=make real or concrete; give reality or substance to | synonyms=realise, actualize, actualise, substantiate | examples=our ideas must be substantiated into actions
4. sense_key=realize%2:40:01:: | definition=earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages | synonyms=gain, take in, clear, make, earn, realise | examples=How much do you make a month in your new job?; She earns a lot in her new job
5. sense_key=realize%2:40:00:: | definition=convert into cash; of goods and property | synonyms=realise
6. sense_key=realize%2:36:07:: | definition=expand or complete (a part in a piece of baroque music) by supplying the harmonies indicated in the figured bass | synonyms=realise

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context: "To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage". Here realize means be fully aware/cognizant of a fact. Sense 1 "be fully aware or cognizant of" with recognize synonyms. Sense 2 is perceive mentally/understand like "Now I see". The construction "realize that..." typically maps to sense 1 (be fully aware or cognizant of). Need output only JSON. Sense index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: work
Target surface form: works
Context:
For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game <t>works</t> to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=work%2:41:02:: | definition=exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity | examples=I will work hard to improve my grades; she worked hard for better living conditions for the poor
2. sense_key=work%2:41:00:: | definition=be employed | synonyms=do work | examples=Is your husband working again?; My wife never worked
3. sense_key=work%2:41:03:: | definition=have an effect or outcome; often the one desired or expected | synonyms=act | examples=The voting process doesn't work as well as people thought; How does your idea work in practice?
4. sense_key=work%2:35:02:: | definition=perform as expected when applied | synonyms=function, operate, go, run | examples=The washing machine won't go unless it's plugged in; Does this old car still run well?
5. sense_key=work%2:36:00:: | definition=shape, form, or improve a material | synonyms=work on, process | examples=work stone into tools; process iron
6. sense_key=work%2:29:00:: | definition=give a workout to | synonyms=exercise, work out | examples=Some parents exercise their infants; My personal trainer works me hard
7. sense_key=work%2:38:00:: | definition=proceed along a path | synonyms=make | examples=work one's way through the crowd; make one's way into the forest
8. sense_key=work%2:41:04:: | definition=operate in a certain place, area, or specialty | examples=She works the night clubs; The salesman works the Midwest
9. sense_key=work%2:41:05:: | definition=proceed towards a goal or along a path or through an activity | examples=work your way through every problem or task; She was working on her second martini when the guests arrived
10. sense_key=work%2:38:02:: | definition=move in an agitated manner | examples=His fingers worked with tension
11. sense_key=work%2:36:01:: | definition=cause to happen or to occur as a consequence | synonyms=bring, play, wreak, make for | examples=I cannot work a miracle; wreak havoc
12. sense_key=work%2:41:01:: | definition=cause to work | synonyms=put to work | examples=he is working his servants hard
13. sense_key=work%2:36:09:: | definition=prepare for crops | synonyms=cultivate, crop | examples=Work the soil; cultivate the land
14. sense_key=work%2:42:10:: | definition=behave in a certain way when handled | examples=This dough does not work easily; The soft metal works well
15. sense_key=work%2:41:10:: | definition=have and exert influence or effect | synonyms=influence, act upon | examples=The artist's work influenced the young painter; She worked on her friends to support the political candidate
16. sense_key=work%2:41:11:: | definition=operate in or through | examples=Work the phones
17. sense_key=work%2:41:12:: | definition=cause to operate or function | examples=This pilot works the controls; Can you work an electric drill?
18. sense_key=work%2:39:10:: | definition=provoke or excite | examples=The rock musician worked the crowd of young girls into a frenzy
19. sense_key=work%2:37:10:: | definition=gratify and charm, usually in order to influence | examples=the political candidate worked the crowds
20. sense_key=work%2:36:12:: | definition=make something, usually for a specific function | synonyms=shape, form, mold, mould, forge | examples=She molded the rice balls carefully; Form cylinders from the dough
21. sense_key=work%2:35:14:: | definition=move into or onto | examples=work the raisins into the dough; the student worked a few jokes into his presentation
22. sense_key=work%2:35:00:: | definition=make uniform | synonyms=knead | examples=knead dough; work the clay until it is soft
23. sense_key=work%2:34:10:: | definition=use or manipulate to one's advantage | synonyms=exploit | examples=He exploit the new taxation system; She knows how to work the system
24. sense_key=work%2:31:13:: | definition=find the solution to (a problem or question) or understand the meaning of | synonyms=solve, work out, figure out, puzzle out, lick | examples=did you solve the problem?; Work out your problems with the boss
25. sense_key=work%2:30:14:: | definition=cause to undergo fermentation | synonyms=ferment | examples=We ferment the grapes for a very long time to achieve high alcohol content; The vintner worked the wine in big oak vats
26. sense_key=work%2:30:13:: | definition=go sour or spoil | synonyms=sour, turn, ferment | examples=The milk has soured; The wine worked
27. sense_key=work%2:30:10:: | definition=arrive at a certain condition through repeated motion | examples=The stitches of the hem worked loose after she wore the skirt many times

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The sentence: "the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage". Here "works to their disadvantage" means has an effect/outcome (operates) to their disadvantage. Sense 3: have an effect or outcome; often the one desired or expected. But "to their disadvantage" is not desired. However sense 3 examples: voting process doesn't work as well as people thought; how does idea work in practice. It's about functioning/producing an effect. Sense 11 cause to happen as consequence (wreak) transitive. Here intransitive game works to disadvantage = operates/functions in a way that is disadvantageous. Could be sense 4 perform as expected when applied? No. Sense 15 have and exert influence/effect synonyms influence act upon; examples artist's work influenced... she worked on friends. Not exact. Best is sense 3, have an effect or outcome. Need JSON only. Ensure no sense key. Final only JSON.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: hinder
Target surface form: hindered
Context:
For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be <t>hindered</t> in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=hinder%2:41:01:: | definition=be a hindrance or obstacle to | synonyms=impede | examples=She is impeding the progress of our project
2. sense_key=hinder%2:41:00:: | definition=hinder or prevent the progress or accomplishment of | synonyms=obstruct, blockade, block, stymie, stymy, embarrass | examples=His brother blocked him at every turn
3. sense_key=hinder%2:33:00:: | definition=put at a disadvantage | synonyms=handicap, hamper | examples=The brace I have to wear is hindering my movements

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "hindered" in the context: "the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates."

Let me analyze the three senses:
1. be a hindrance or obstacle to (impede) - "She is impeding the progress of our project"
2. hinder or prevent the progress or accomplishment of (obstruct, blockade, block, stymie, stymy, embarrass) - "His brother blocked him at every turn"
3. put at a disadvantage (handicap, hamper) - "The brace I have to wear is hindering my movements"

The context says potential Republican candidates and financial backers realize the congressional prisoner's dilemma game "works to their disadvantage" - this is key. The Republican Party will be "hindered" (put at a disadvantage) in its attempts to field candidates.

The phrase "works to their disadvantage" directly parallels sense 3 "put at a disadvantage." The party is being handicapped/disadvantaged in its attempts, not necessarily blocked completely or having progress prevented.

Sense 3 "put at a disadvantage" with synonyms handicap, hamper fits best because the context explicitly mentions "works to their disadvantage" and the party is disadvantaged in fielding candidates.

The answer should be {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: attempt
Target surface form: attempts
Context:
For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its <t>attempts</t> to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=attempt%1:04:00:: | definition=earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something | synonyms=effort, endeavor, endeavour, try | examples=made an effort to cover all the reading material; wished him luck in his endeavor
2. sense_key=attempt%1:04:02:: | definition=the act of attacking | synonyms=attack | examples=attacks on women increased last year; they made an attempt on his life

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context says Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate. "attempts to field" = efforts/endeavors to do something. Not act of attacking. Sense 1. Need output only JSON. Ensure no extra text.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: slate
Target surface form: slate
Context:
For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive <t>slate</t> of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=slate%1:06:00:: | definition=(formerly) a writing tablet made of slate
2. sense_key=slate%1:27:01:: | definition=thin layers of rock used for roofing | synonyms=slating
3. sense_key=slate%1:27:00:: | definition=a fine-grained metamorphic rock that can be split into thin layers
4. sense_key=slate%1:10:02:: | definition=a list of candidates nominated by a political party to run for election to public offices | synonyms=ticket

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context says "field a competitive slate of congressional candidates" — list of candidates nominated by a political party. Sense 4. Return JSON only.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: candidate
Target surface form: candidates
Context:
For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional <t>candidates</t>. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=candidate%1:18:01:: | definition=a politician who is running for public office | synonyms=campaigner, nominee
2. sense_key=candidate%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) | synonyms=prospect

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context: "field a competitive slate of congressional candidates" - these are politicians running for public office. The passage discusses running for re-election, attracting viable candidates for congressional office, potential candidates discouraged from running. The target refers to congressional candidates = politicians running for public office. Sense 1 is a politician who is running for public office. Sense 2 is broader someone considered for something. In this political electoral context, sense 1 is best. Need output only JSON.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: partial
Target surface form: partial
Context:
The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a <t>partial</t> reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=partial%5:00:00:incomplete:00 | definition=being or affecting only a part; not total | examples=a partial description of the suspect; partial collapse
2. sense_key=partial%3:00:01:: | definition=showing favoritism
3. sense_key=partial%5:00:00:inclined:02 | definition=(followed by `of' or `to') having a strong preference or liking for | synonyms=fond | examples=fond of chocolate; partial to horror movies

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "partial" appears in: "the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South."

Here "partial reason" means a reason that explains only part of the phenomenon, not a complete/total explanation. This matches sense 1: being or affecting only a part; not total. Examples: a partial description, partial collapse.

Sense 2 showing favoritism - no.
Sense 3 inclined/fond - no.

Answer: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: reason
Target surface form: reason
Context:
The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial <t>reason</t> for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=reason%1:16:00:: | definition=a rational motive for a belief or action | synonyms=ground | examples=the reason that war was declared; the grounds for their declaration
2. sense_key=reason%1:10:01:: | definition=an explanation of the cause of some phenomenon | examples=the reason a steady state was never reached was that the back pressure built up too slowly
3. sense_key=reason%1:09:00:: | definition=the capacity for rational thought or inference or discrimination | synonyms=understanding, intellect | examples=we are told that man is endowed with reason and capable of distinguishing good from evil
4. sense_key=reason%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of having good sense and sound judgment | synonyms=rationality, reasonableness | examples=his rationality may have been impaired; he had to rely less on reason than on rousing their emotions
5. sense_key=reason%1:10:00:: | definition=a justification for something existing or happening | synonyms=cause, grounds | examples=he had no cause to complain; they had good reason to rejoice
6. sense_key=reason%1:09:01:: | definition=a fact that logically justifies some premise or conclusion | examples=there is reason to believe he is lying

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to disambiguate the word "reason" in the given context.

The sentence: "the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South."

Here "reason" refers to an explanation of the cause of a phenomenon (why ticket splitting has been pronounced in the South). The theory provides an explanation for a phenomenon.

Sense 2: an explanation of the cause of some phenomenon - examples: "the reason a steady state was never reached was that..." This fits "reason for why ticket splitting has been pronounced."

Sense 1: a rational motive for a belief or action - grounds. Not quite, it's not about a motive for action.

Sense 5: a justification for something existing or happening - cause, grounds. "he had no cause to complain" - more about justification/grounds for an action/reaction.

The phrase "reason for why X has been pronounced" = explanation of cause of phenomenon. That's sense 2.

The answer is {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: extent
Target surface form: extent
Context:
Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the <t>extent</t> that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=extent%1:26:00:: | definition=the point or degree to which something extends | examples=the extent of the damage; the full extent of the law
2. sense_key=extent%1:07:00:: | definition=the distance or area or volume over which something extends | examples=the vast extent of the desert; an orchard of considerable extent

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context uses "To the extent that..." which is an idiomatic phrase meaning "to the degree that" or "insofar as". This refers to degree/point, not physical distance/area/volume. Sense 1 is "the point or degree to which something extends". Sense 2 is physical distance/area/volume. The phrase clearly indicates degree. So sense_index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: democratic
Target surface form: Democratic
Context:
Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that <t>Democratic</t> legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=democratic%3:00:00:: | definition=characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality; ; ; - George du Maurier | examples=democratic government; a democratic country
2. sense_key=democratic%3:01:00:: | definition=belong to or relating to the Democratic Party | examples=Democratic senator
3. sense_key=democratic%5:00:00:common:01 | definition=representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large | synonyms=popular | examples=democratic art forms; a democratic or popular movement

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context is about US politics, Republican Party vs Democratic opponents, Democratic legislators from the South, Democrats in office. The target "Democratic" clearly refers to the Democratic Party. Sense 2: belong to or relating to the Democratic Party. Return JSON only.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: hold
Target surface form: held
Context:
Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have <t>held</t> a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=hold%2:42:00:: | definition=keep in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., | synonyms=keep, maintain | examples=keep clean; hold in place
2. sense_key=hold%2:35:00:: | definition=have or hold in one's hands or grip | synonyms=take hold | examples=Hold this bowl for a moment, please; A crazy idea took hold of him
3. sense_key=hold%2:36:00:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=throw, have, make, give | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
4. sense_key=hold%2:40:00:: | definition=have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense | synonyms=have, have got | examples=She has $1,000 in the bank; He has got two beautiful daughters
5. sense_key=hold%2:31:01:: | definition=keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view | synonyms=deem, view as, take for | examples=take for granted; view as important
6. sense_key=hold%2:37:00:: | definition=maintain (a theory, thoughts, or feelings) | synonyms=harbor, harbour, entertain, nurse | examples=bear a grudge; entertain interesting notions
7. sense_key=hold%2:35:03:: | definition=to close within bounds, limit or hold back from movement | synonyms=restrain, confine | examples=This holds the local until the express passengers change trains; About a dozen animals were held inside the stockade
8. sense_key=hold%2:40:02:: | definition=secure and keep for possible future use or application | synonyms=retain, keep back, hold back | examples=The landlord retained the security deposit; I reserve the right to disagree
9. sense_key=hold%2:40:04:: | definition=have rightfully; of rights, titles, and offices | synonyms=bear | examples=She bears the title of Duchess; He held the governorship for almost a decade
10. sense_key=hold%2:35:01:: | definition=be the physical support of; carry the weight of | synonyms=support, sustain, hold up | examples=The beam holds up the roof; He supported me with one hand while I balanced on the beam
11. sense_key=hold%2:42:13:: | definition=contain or hold; have within | synonyms=bear, carry, contain | examples=The jar carries wine; The canteen holds fresh water
12. sense_key=hold%2:42:05:: | definition=have room for; hold without crowding | synonyms=accommodate, admit | examples=This hotel can accommodate 250 guests; The theater admits 300 people
13. sense_key=hold%2:42:01:: | definition=remain in a certain state, position, or condition | examples=The weather held; They held on the road and kept marching
14. sense_key=hold%2:35:02:: | definition=support or hold in a certain manner | synonyms=carry, bear | examples=She holds her head high; He carried himself upright
15. sense_key=hold%2:42:02:: | definition=be valid, applicable, or true | synonyms=prevail, obtain | examples=This theory still holds
16. sense_key=hold%2:31:08:: | definition=assert or affirm | examples=Rousseau's philosophy holds that people are inherently good
17. sense_key=hold%2:42:07:: | definition=have as a major characteristic | examples=The novel holds many surprises; The book holds in store much valuable advise
18. sense_key=hold%2:42:14:: | definition=be capable of holding or containing | synonyms=contain, take | examples=This box won't take all the items; The flask holds one gallon
19. sense_key=hold%2:41:00:: | definition=arrange for and reserve (something for someone else) in advance | synonyms=reserve, book | examples=reserve me a seat on a flight; The agent booked tickets to the show for the whole family
20. sense_key=hold%2:33:05:: | definition=protect against a challenge or attack | synonyms=defend, guard | examples=Hold that position behind the trees!; Hold the bridge against the enemy's attacks
21. sense_key=hold%2:32:13:: | definition=bind by an obligation; cause to be indebted | synonyms=oblige, bind, obligate | examples=He's held by a contract; I'll hold you by your promise
22. sense_key=hold%2:31:04:: | definition=hold the attention of | examples=The soprano held the audience; This story held our interest
23. sense_key=hold%2:31:10:: | definition=remain committed to | examples=I hold to these ideas
24. sense_key=hold%2:42:08:: | definition=resist or confront with resistance | synonyms=defy, withstand, hold up | examples=The politician defied public opinion; The new material withstands even the greatest wear and tear
25. sense_key=hold%2:42:04:: | definition=be pertinent or relevant or applicable | synonyms=apply, go for | examples=The same laws apply to you!; This theory holds for all irrational numbers
26. sense_key=hold%2:42:12:: | definition=stop dealing with | examples=hold all calls to the President's office while he is in a meeting
27. sense_key=hold%2:41:15:: | definition=lessen the intensity of; temper; hold in restraint; hold or keep within limits | synonyms=control, hold in, contain, check, curb, moderate | examples=moderate your alcohol intake; hold your tongue
28. sense_key=hold%2:41:13:: | definition=keep from departing | examples=Hold the taxi; Hold the horse
29. sense_key=hold%2:41:14:: | definition=take and maintain control over, often by violent means | examples=The dissatisfied students held the President's office for almost a week
30. sense_key=hold%2:38:05:: | definition=cause to stop | synonyms=halt, arrest | examples=Halt the engines; Arrest the progress
31. sense_key=hold%2:35:09:: | definition=cover as for protection against noise or smell | examples=She held her ears when the jackhammer started to operate; hold one's nose
32. sense_key=hold%2:34:00:: | definition=drink alcohol without showing ill effects | synonyms=carry | examples=He can hold his liquor; he had drunk more than he could carry
33. sense_key=hold%2:33:00:: | definition=aim, point, or direct | examples=Hold the fire extinguisher directly on the flames
34. sense_key=hold%2:32:11:: | definition=declare to be | synonyms=declare, adjudge | examples=She was declared incompetent; judge held that the defendant was innocent
35. sense_key=hold%2:32:15:: | definition=be in accord; be in agreement | synonyms=agree, concur, concord | examples=We agreed on the terms of the settlement; I can't agree with you!
36. sense_key=hold%2:29:04:: | definition=keep from exhaling or expelling | examples=hold your breath

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context: "Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932". Here "held a share of power" means possessed/had power. Candidate sense 4: have or possess, either concrete or abstract (have, have got). Sense 9: have rightfully; of rights, titles, offices (bear) — examples: "He held the governorship". But here it's "share of power", not an office/title. Sense 4 fits "have or possess ... abstract sense". Could sense 1 (keep in a certain state/position) fit? "held power" is possess. Best is sense 4.

Actually consider "hold power" - sense 9 is about rights, titles, offices rightfully held. "A disproportionate share of power" is possession of an abstract thing. Sense 4 is best.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: share
Target surface form: share
Context:
Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate <t>share</t> of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=share%1:21:00:: | definition=assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=portion, part, percentage | examples=he wanted his share in cash
2. sense_key=share%1:21:01:: | definition=any of the equal portions into which the capital stock of a corporation is divided and ownership of which is evidenced by a stock certificate | examples=he bought 100 shares of IBM at the market price
3. sense_key=share%1:04:00:: | definition=the allotment of some amount by dividing something | synonyms=parcel, portion | examples=death gets more than its share of attention from theologians
4. sense_key=share%1:04:01:: | definition=the part played by a person in bringing about a result | synonyms=contribution, part | examples=I am proud of my contribution in advancing the project; they all did their share of the work
5. sense_key=share%1:06:00:: | definition=a sharp steel wedge that cuts loose the top layer of soil | synonyms=plowshare, ploughshare

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context: "Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress". This means portion/part of power. Sense 1: assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual/group (portion, part, percentage) fits "share of power". Sense 3: allotment by dividing something, example "death gets more than its share of attention" also could fit abstract allotment. Need fine-grained.

Phrase "held a disproportionate share of power" = a portion of power belonging/held by group. Sense 1 definition assets belonging to or due to or contributed by individual person or group, synonyms portion part percentage. Sense 3 is allotment of some amount by dividing something, parcel portion, more like distribution act/allotted amount (attention). For power held by legislators, "share" as portion belonging to group. Candidate 1 likely best. Need output only JSON. Ensure sense_index numeric 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: power
Target surface form: power
Context:
Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of <t>power</t> in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=power%1:07:00:: | definition=possession of controlling influence | synonyms=powerfulness | examples=the deterrent power of nuclear weapons; the power of his love saved her
2. sense_key=power%1:19:00:: | definition=(physics) the rate of doing work; measured in watts (= joules/second)
3. sense_key=power%1:09:01:: | definition=possession of the qualities (especially mental qualities) required to do something or get something done | synonyms=ability | examples=danger heightened his powers of discrimination
4. sense_key=power%1:26:00:: | definition=(of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power | synonyms=office | examples=being in office already gives a candidate a great advantage; during his first year in office
5. sense_key=power%1:18:00:: | definition=one possessing or exercising power or influence or authority | synonyms=force | examples=the mysterious presence of an evil power; may the force be with you
6. sense_key=power%1:10:00:: | definition=a mathematical notation indicating the number of times a quantity is multiplied by itself | synonyms=exponent, index
7. sense_key=power%1:07:02:: | definition=physical strength | synonyms=might, mightiness
8. sense_key=power%1:14:00:: | definition=a state powerful enough to influence events throughout the world | synonyms=world power, major power, great power, superpower
9. sense_key=power%1:18:01:: | definition=a very wealthy or powerful businessman | synonyms=baron, big businessman, business leader, king, magnate, mogul | examples=an oil baron

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "power" in context: "Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits..."

This is about controlling influence in Congress. Sense 1: possession of controlling influence. The word "clout" is used as a synonym right after, confirming influence. Sense 4 is about holding office, but here it's share of power/influence in Congress, not merely being in office. Best is sense 1.

Return JSON only.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: able
Target surface form: able
Context:
Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been <t>able</t> to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=able%3:00:00:: | definition=(usually followed by `to') having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something | examples=able to swim; she was able to program her computer
2. sense_key=able%5:00:00:competent:00 | definition=have the skills and qualifications to do things well | synonyms=capable | examples=able teachers; a capable administrator
3. sense_key=able%5:00:00:capable:00 | definition=having inherent physical or mental ability or capacity | examples=able to learn; human beings are able to walk on two feet
4. sense_key=able%5:00:00:fit:01 | definition=having a strong healthy body | synonyms=able-bodied | examples=an able seaman; every able-bodied young man served in the army

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The target word is "able" in context: "have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits". This is followed by "to" and means having the necessary means/power/authority to do something. Sense 1: usually followed by `to' having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something. Examples: able to swim; she was able to program her computer. This matches "have been able to translate". Sense 3 is inherent physical/mental ability (able to learn, walk on two feet) - less fitting because it's about translating political clout into benefits, having means/opportunity. Sense 1 best. Return JSON only.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: translate
Target surface form: translate
Context:
Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to <t>translate</t> such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=translate%2:32:00:: | definition=restate (words) from one language into another language | synonyms=interpret, render | examples=I have to translate when my in-laws from Austria visit the U.S.; Can you interpret the speech of the visiting dignitaries?
2. sense_key=translate%2:30:01:: | definition=change from one form or medium into another | synonyms=transform | examples=Braque translated collage into oil
3. sense_key=translate%2:31:00:: | definition=make sense of a language | synonyms=understand, read, interpret | examples=She understands French; Can you read Greek?
4. sense_key=translate%2:35:00:: | definition=bring to a certain spiritual state
5. sense_key=translate%2:30:00:: | definition=change the position of (figures or bodies) in space without rotation
6. sense_key=translate%2:42:03:: | definition=be equivalent in effect | examples=the growth in income translates into greater purchasing power
7. sense_key=translate%2:42:00:: | definition=be translatable, or be translatable in a certain way | examples=poetry often does not translate; Tolstoy's novels translate well into English
8. sense_key=translate%2:38:04:: | definition=subject to movement in which every part of the body moves parallel to and the same distance as every other point on the body
9. sense_key=translate%2:32:06:: | definition=express, as in simple and less technical language | examples=Can you translate the instructions in this manual for a layman?; Is there a need to translate the psychiatrist's remarks?
10. sense_key=translate%2:32:05:: | definition=determine the amino-acid sequence of a protein during its synthesis by using information on the messenger RNA

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context: "have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies". The phrase "translate X into Y" where X = clout (political power/influence) and Y = local benefits. This is about converting/transforming one thing into another form.

Sense 2: change from one form or medium into another (transform) - "Braque translated collage into oil" - this fits "translate clout into benefits".
Sense 6: be equivalent in effect - "the growth in income translates into greater purchasing power" - this is intransitive-ish "growth translates into purchasing power".

The sentence has subject "Democratic legislators" actively "translate such clout into benefits" - transitive use, converting clout into benefits. This is sense 2 (transform from one form into another). Sense 6 is "be equivalent in effect" which is more intransitive: "income growth translates into purchasing power" (equivalence). Here legislators actively convert/parlay clout into benefits. The best fit is sense 2.

Actually, let's think carefully. "translate clout into benefits" - clout becomes benefits. Sense 2 definition: change from one form or medium into another. Example "Braque translated collage into oil" - transitive: subject changes X into Y. That matches: legislators translate clout into benefits.

Sense 6: be equivalent in effect - intransitive, subject is equivalent to something else. "growth in income translates into greater purchasing power" - income growth is effectively purchasing power. That's not active conversion by an agent.

The active agent (legislators) converting power into benefits = sense 2. Answer: 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: local
Target surface form: local
Context:
Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more <t>local</t> benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=local%3:00:01:: | definition=relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area | examples=local taxes; local authorities
2. sense_key=local%3:01:01:: | definition=of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood | examples=local customs; local schools
3. sense_key=local%3:00:02:: | definition=affecting only a restricted part or area of the body | examples=local anesthesia

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "local" in the phrase "relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies". This refers to benefits for particular localities/constituencies rather than national benefits. Sense 2 "of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood" fits best - benefits specific to their local constituencies. Sense 1 is about administration of city/town/district government, which is more administrative. The context is about bringing benefits (pork barrel) to their districts/constituencies - particular locality. So sense 2.

Need return JSON only with sense_index. Index 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: benefit
Target surface form: benefits
Context:
Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local <t>benefits</t> for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=benefit%1:21:00:: | definition=financial assistance in time of need
2. sense_key=benefit%1:07:00:: | definition=something that aids or promotes well-being | synonyms=welfare | examples=for the benefit of all
3. sense_key=benefit%1:10:00:: | definition=a performance to raise money for a charitable cause

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context discusses Democratic legislators translating clout into "local benefits for their respective constituencies" — meaning advantages, goods, services, pork-barrel projects that aid/promote well-being of constituents. Not financial assistance in time of need (welfare payments), nor charity performance. Sense 2 is the general "something that aids or promotes well-being." Return JSON only.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: have
Target surface form: had
Context:
Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have <t>had</t> an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=have%2:40:00:: | definition=have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense | synonyms=have got, hold | examples=She has $1,000 in the bank; He has got two beautiful daughters
2. sense_key=have%2:42:00:: | definition=have as a feature | synonyms=feature | examples=This restaurant features the most famous chefs in France
3. sense_key=have%2:39:06:: | definition=go through (mental or physical states or experiences) | synonyms=experience, receive, get | examples=get an idea; experience vertigo
4. sense_key=have%2:40:04:: | definition=have ownership or possession of | synonyms=own, possess | examples=He owns three houses in Florida; How many cars does she have?
5. sense_key=have%2:30:00:: | definition=cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition | synonyms=get, let | examples=He got his squad on the ball; This let me in for a big surprise
6. sense_key=have%2:34:00:: | definition=serve oneself to, or consume regularly | synonyms=consume, ingest, take in, take | examples=Have another bowl of chicken soup!; I don't take sugar in my coffee
7. sense_key=have%2:41:00:: | definition=have a personal or business relationship with someone | examples=have a postdoc; have an assistant
8. sense_key=have%2:36:00:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, make, give | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
9. sense_key=have%2:40:01:: | definition=have left | examples=I have two years left; I don't have any money left
10. sense_key=have%2:42:12:: | definition=be confronted with | examples=What do we have here?; Now we have a fine mess
11. sense_key=have%2:30:01:: | definition=undergo | synonyms=experience | examples=The stocks had a fast run-up
12. sense_key=have%2:29:02:: | definition=suffer from; be ill with | examples=She has arthritis
13. sense_key=have%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, get, make | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
14. sense_key=have%2:40:05:: | definition=receive willingly something given or offered | synonyms=accept, take | examples=The only girl who would have him was the miller's daughter; I won't have this dog in my house!
15. sense_key=have%2:40:03:: | definition=get something; come into possession of | synonyms=receive | examples=receive payment; receive a gift
16. sense_key=have%2:29:05:: | definition=undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | synonyms=suffer, sustain, get | examples=She suffered a fracture in the accident; He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars
17. sense_key=have%2:40:02:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=get, make | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
18. sense_key=have%2:29:00:: | definition=cause to be born | synonyms=give birth, deliver, bear, birth | examples=My wife had twins yesterday!
19. sense_key=have%2:35:00:: | definition=have sex with; archaic use | synonyms=take | examples=He had taken this woman when she was most vulnerable

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer JSON only. Need perform WSD. Need determine sense of 'had' in context: "voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office." Target is auxiliary? Phrase have had = present perfect of have, main verb had with object "an especially strong incentive". Need sense among candidates. "have an incentive" idiom meaning possess/hold an abstract thing (incentive). Sense 1 have or possess concrete/abstract. Examples include has $ in bank, daughters. Sense 2 feature (as feature) not. Sense 3 experience mental/physical states (get an idea) maybe "have an incentive"? Not experience; possess abstract motivation. Sense 4 ownership possession (own) concrete property, too narrow. Sense 10 be confronted with? no. So best sense index 1. Need final only JSON object exactly. Ensure no extra text.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: strong
Target surface form: strong
Context:
Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially <t>strong</t> incentive to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=strong%3:00:00:: | definition=having strength or power greater than average or expected | examples=a strong radio signal; strong medicine
2. sense_key=strong%5:00:00:intense:00 | definition=not faint or feeble | examples=a strong odor of burning rubber
3. sense_key=strong%5:00:00:powerful:00 | definition=having or wielding force or authority | synonyms=potent | examples=providing the ground soldier with increasingly potent weapons
4. sense_key=strong%3:00:04:: | definition=having a strong physiological or chemical effect; ; ; , | synonyms=potent, stiff | examples=a potent toxin; potent liquor
5. sense_key=strong%5:00:00:invulnerable:00 | definition=immune to attack; incapable of being tampered with | synonyms=impregnable, inviolable, secure, unassailable, unattackable | examples=an impregnable fortress; fortifications that made the frontier inviolable
6. sense_key=strong%5:00:00:sound:01 | definition=of good quality and condition; solidly built | synonyms=solid, substantial | examples=a solid foundation; several substantial timber buildings
7. sense_key=strong%5:00:00:irregular:00 | definition=of verbs not having standard (or regular) inflection | examples=`sing' is a strong verb
8. sense_key=strong%5:00:00:alcoholic:00 | definition=being distilled rather than fermented; having a high alcoholic content | synonyms=hard | examples=hard liquor
9. sense_key=strong%5:00:00:fresh:01 | definition=freshly made or left | synonyms=warm | examples=a warm trail; the scent is warm
10. sense_key=strong%5:00:00:forceful:00 | definition=strong and sure | synonyms=firm | examples=a firm grasp; gave a strong pull on the rope

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "strong" in context: "voters in the South have had an especially strong incentive to keep such Democrats in office."

The phrase is "strong incentive" - meaning a powerful/compelling incentive, greater than average. Let's evaluate senses:

1. having strength or power greater than average or expected - "a strong radio signal; strong medicine" - this fits "strong incentive" well - an incentive with greater power than average.
2. not faint or feeble - odor example - sensory intensity, doesn't fit incentive.
3. having or wielding force or authority - potent - about wielding authority, weapons. "Strong incentive" isn't wielding force/authority itself.
4. physiological/chemical effect - toxin/liquor - no.
5. immune to attack - no.
6. solidly built - no.
7. verbs - no.
8. alcoholic - no.
9. fresh trail - no.
10. strong and sure, firm grasp/pull - physical, no.

Between 1 and 3. "Strong incentive" means a powerful/compelling reason, having power greater than average to motivate. Sense 1 is "having strength or power greater than average or expected" - generic and fits abstract incentive. Sense 3 is more about wielding force/authority (potent weapons). An incentive doesn't wield authority; it has motivational strength greater than expected. Best is 1.

Return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: incentive
Target surface form: incentive
Context:
Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office. Potential candidates may be discouraged from running less by the congressional salary than by the prospect of defeat at the hands of a Democratic opponent. To the extent that potential Republican candidates and their financial backers realize that the congressional prisoner's dilemma game works to their disadvantage, the Republican Party will be hindered in its attempts to field a competitive slate of congressional candidates. Fifth, the theory may provide at least a partial reason for why ticket splitting has been particularly pronounced in the South. To the extent that Democratic legislators from the South have held a disproportionate share of power in Congress since 1932 and have been able to translate such clout into relatively more local benefits for their respective constituencies, voters in the South have had an especially strong <t>incentive</t> to keep such Democrats in office. Finally, the theory suggests why Republicans generally have fared better in Senate races than in campaigns for the House.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=incentive%1:16:00:: | definition=a positive motivational influence | synonyms=inducement, motivator
2. sense_key=incentive%1:21:00:: | definition=an additional payment (or other remuneration) to employees as a means of increasing output | synonyms=bonus

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The user wants WSD. Need return only JSON object. Need determine sense. Context: voters had especially strong incentive to keep Democrats in office. Means motivation/reason, positive motivational influence, not payment to employees. So sense_index 1. Need final only JSON. Ensure no extra.