[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: risk
Target surface form: risk
Context:
Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more <t>risk</t> than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=risk%1:26:00:: | definition=a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune | synonyms=hazard, jeopardy, peril, endangerment | examples=drinking alcohol is a health hazard
2. sense_key=risk%1:04:00:: | definition=a venture undertaken without regard to possible loss or injury | synonyms=peril, danger | examples=he saw the rewards but not the risks of crime; there was a danger he would do the wrong thing
3. sense_key=risk%1:07:02:: | definition=the probability of becoming infected given that exposure to an infectious agent has occurred | synonyms=risk of infection
4. sense_key=risk%1:07:01:: | definition=the probability of being exposed to an infectious agent | synonyms=risk of exposure

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform word sense disambiguation for the word "risk" in the given context. Let me analyze the context carefully.

The target sentence is: "A test using new 'genetic probes' showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma suppressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer."

The word "risk" here is being used in the phrase "risk of developing the rare cancer." This refers to the probability/chance/likelihood of developing cancer.

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=risk%1:26:00:: | definition=a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune | synonyms=hazard, jeopardy, peril, endangerment | examples=drinking alcohol is a health hazard

This sense treats risk as a source of danger or a possibility of incurring loss/misfortune. In the context, "faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer" - this could potentially fit, as it's about the possibility of developing cancer.

2. sense_key=risk%1:04:00:: | definition=a venture undertaken without regard to possible loss or injury | synonyms=peril, danger | examples=he saw the rewards but not the risks of crime; there was a danger he would do the wrong thing

This sense is about a venture or undertaking, like the risks of crime. This doesn't fit the medical probability context.

3. sense_key=risk%1:07:02:: | definition=the probability of becoming infected given that exposure to an infectious agent has occurred | synonyms=risk of infection

This is specifically about the probability of becoming infected after exposure to an infectious agent. The context is about developing cancer, not about infection. So this doesn't fit.

4. sense_key=risk%1:07:01:: | definition=the probability of being exposed to an infectious agent | synonyms=risk of exposure

This is about the probability of being exposed to an infectious agent. Again, the context is cancer, not infectious agent exposure. Doesn't fit.

Wait, but senses 3 and 4 are very specific to infectious agents. The context is about cancer genetic risk. So between sense 1 and sense 2, sense 1 is clearly better because:
- It's about a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune (developing cancer)
- Synonyms include hazard, jeopardy, peril, endangerment
- The phrase "risk of developing cancer" is a common usage
- Sense 2 is about a venture/undertaking, which doesn't fit

But I need to think more carefully. The phrase "faced no more risk than other children" - here "risk" is a noun referring to the chance/probability of something bad happening.

Sense 1 definition: "a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune" - this fits well. The "risk of developing cancer" = the possibility of incurring the misfortune of developing cancer.

Actually, let me reconsider the WordNet hierarchy. risk%1:26:00:: is under noun.state (1:26), while risk%1:04:00:: is under noun.act (1:04), and risk%1:07:00:: and risk%1:07:01:: are under noun.attribute (1:07).

The word "risk" in "risk of cancer" is most commonly sense 1: "a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune."

However, I should think about whether there's a sense related to probability. The specific probability senses (3 and 4) are about infectious agents. If there were a general probability sense, it might fit better, but among the given candidates, sense 1 is the best fit.

Actually, I want to double-check the exact WordNet senses. Let me think about this more carefully.

The target phrase: "faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer"

This means Will Quinlan had the same probability/liability of developing cancer as other children. "Risk" here refers to the chance or possibility of something bad happening.

Sense 1: "a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune" - This captures the general notion of risk as possibility of harm. The example "drinking alcohol is a health hazard" shows risk/hazard as a condition that could cause harm.

Sense 2: "a venture undertaken without regard to possible loss or injury" - This is a deliberate act, like "taking a risk." Doesn't fit.

Sense 3: "the probability of becoming infected given that exposure to an infectious agent has occurred" - Specific to infection. Doesn't fit cancer.

Sense 4: "the probability of being exposed to an infectious agent" - Specific to infection exposure. Doesn't fit.

So sense 1 is the correct answer.

But wait, I should consider the exact phrasing. "faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer" - the "risk of developing" construction. This is about the likelihood, probability, or chance of an adverse outcome. In medical/statistical contexts, "risk" often specifically means probability. But the given senses don't have a general probability sense; they only have probability senses specific to infectious agents.

Actually, looking more carefully at sense 1: "a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune." The second part "a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune" is quite close to probability. The example "drinking alcohol is a health hazard" suggests risk as a condition.

I think sense 1 is the best fit among the given options. The answer should be {"sense_index": 1}.

Let me reconsider once more. Is there any chance sense 3 or 4 could be metaphorically extended? No, they're very specifically about infectious agents. The context explicitly mentions cancer, not infection.

So the final answer is sense_index: 1.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: other
Target surface form: other
Context:
Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than <t>other</t> children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
2. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening
3. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=belonging to the distant past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the target word "other" in the given context. I need to choose the single best indexed sense from the 4 candidates.

Let me analyze the context: "A test using new 'genetic probes' showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma suppressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than <t>other</t> children of developing the rare cancer."

Here, "other children" means children other than those with damaged retinoblastoma suppressor genes, or simply other children in general - not the one mentioned (Will Quinlan). It means children different from the ones already mentioned/implied.

Looking at candidate senses:
1. other%3:00:00:: - "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied" - This fits. "Other children" = children not the same as Will Quinlan/children with the damaged gene.
2. other%5:00:00:past:00 - "recently past" - Doesn't fit. "The other evening" is not relevant.
3. other%5:00:02:past:00 - "belonging to the distant past" - Doesn't fit.
4. other%5:00:00:strange:00 - "very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected" - Doesn't fit.

So sense 1 is clearly the best.

Wait, but the instruction says "Do not answer with a WordNet sense key." The requested output format is {"sense_index": 1}.

Actually, indexing in programming typically starts at 0, but the examples say {"sense_index": 3}, so the sense numbering here seems to start at 1. The first sense is index 1.

Let me double-check the sentence. "faced no more risk than other children" - here "other" means "different from the one(s) already mentioned." This is definitely sense 1.

The output should be just JSON.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Together

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: child
Target surface form: children
Context:
Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other <t>children</t> of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=child%1:18:00:: | definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
2. sense_key=child%1:18:01:: | definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=kid | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
3. sense_key=child%1:18:06:: | definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=baby | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
4. sense_key=child%1:18:07:: | definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need answer Word Sense Disambiguation for "children" in context. Need choose among four senses. The instructions say do not answer with sense key, return JSON exactly {"sense_index": 3}.

We must analyze context. Target surface: children in phrase "no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer." It's comparing Will Quinlan's risk to other children generally: young persons of either sex. Sense 1 definition a young person of either sex; examples she writes books for children; they're just kids. Sense 2 a human offspring of any age; examples they had three children; send their kids to college. In context "other children" means other young people/kids, not specifically offspring. So sense 1 is best. Need return {"sense_index": 1}. Indexing starts at 1. Ensure only JSON object.

provider: Moonshot AI


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: develop
Target surface form: developing
Context:
Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of <t>developing</t> the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=develop%2:36:01:: | definition=make something new, such as a product or a mental or artistic creation | examples=Her company developed a new kind of building material that withstands all kinds of weather; They developed a new technique
2. sense_key=develop%2:36:00:: | definition=work out | synonyms=evolve, germinate | examples=We have developed a new theory of evolution
3. sense_key=develop%2:30:06:: | definition=gain through experience | synonyms=acquire, evolve | examples=I acquired a strong aversion to television; Children must develop a sense of right and wrong
4. sense_key=develop%2:29:00:: | definition=come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes) | synonyms=grow, produce, get, acquire | examples=He grew a beard; The patient developed abdominal pains
5. sense_key=develop%2:42:00:: | definition=come into existence; take on form or shape | synonyms=originate, arise, rise, uprise, spring up, grow | examples=A new religious movement originated in that country; a love that sprang up from friendship
6. sense_key=develop%2:30:04:: | definition=change the use of and make available or usable | synonyms=build up | examples=develop land; The country developed its natural resources
7. sense_key=develop%2:32:00:: | definition=elaborate, as of theories and hypotheses | synonyms=explicate, formulate | examples=Could you develop the ideas in your thesis
8. sense_key=develop%2:31:00:: | definition=create by training and teaching | synonyms=train, prepare, educate | examples=The old master is training world-class violinists; we develop the leaders for the future
9. sense_key=develop%2:30:05:: | definition=be gradually disclosed or unfolded; become manifest | examples=The plot developed slowly
10. sense_key=develop%2:30:00:: | definition=grow, progress, unfold, or evolve through a process of evolution, natural growth, differentiation, or a conducive environment | examples=A flower developed on the branch; The country developed into a mighty superpower
11. sense_key=develop%2:30:09:: | definition=become technologically advanced | synonyms=modernize, modernise | examples=Many countries in Asia are now developing at a very fast pace; Viet Nam is modernizing rapidly
12. sense_key=develop%2:30:01:: | definition=cause to grow and differentiate in ways conforming to its natural development | synonyms=make grow | examples=The perfect climate here develops the grain; He developed a new kind of apple
13. sense_key=develop%2:36:09:: | definition=generate gradually | examples=We must develop more potential customers; develop a market for the new mobile phone
14. sense_key=develop%2:30:10:: | definition=grow emotionally or mature | synonyms=grow | examples=The child developed beautifully in her new kindergarten; When he spent a summer at camp, the boy grew noticeably and no longer showed some of his old adolescent behavior
15. sense_key=develop%2:39:00:: | definition=make visible by means of chemical solutions | examples=Please develop this roll of film for me
16. sense_key=develop%2:35:04:: | definition=superimpose a three-dimensional surface on a plane without stretching, in geometry
17. sense_key=develop%2:33:03:: | definition=move one's pieces into strategically more advantageous positions | examples=Spassky developed quickly
18. sense_key=develop%2:33:02:: | definition=move into a strategically more advantageous position | examples=develop the rook
19. sense_key=develop%2:30:13:: | definition=elaborate by the unfolding of a musical idea and by the working out of the rhythmic and harmonic changes in the theme | examples=develop the melody and change the key
20. sense_key=develop%2:30:03:: | definition=happen | synonyms=break, recrudesce | examples=Report the news as it develops; These political movements recrudesce from time to time
21. sense_key=develop%2:30:12:: | definition=expand in the form of a series | examples=Develop the function in the following form

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The target word is "developing" in the phrase "children of developing the rare cancer". So it's about the baby/child facing risk of "developing" the cancer - meaning getting/having the disease, coming to have it, undergoing a change of physical features/attributes. This matches sense 4: "come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes)" with synonyms grow, produce, get, acquire. Examples include "The patient developed abdominal pains". So the answer is sense index4.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cancer
Target surface form: cancer
Context:
Emerging genetic tests will be able to spot such cancer-susceptible individuals, ushering in what some scientists believe is a new age of predictive cancer diagnosis. Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare <t>cancer</t>. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: | definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream | synonyms=malignant neoplastic disease
2. sense_key=cancer%1:18:00:: | definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer | synonyms=Crab
3. sense_key=cancer%1:17:00:: | definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
4. sense_key=cancer%1:15:00:: | definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22 | synonyms=Cancer the Crab, Crab
5. sense_key=cancer%1:05:00:: | definition=type genus of the family Cancridae | synonyms=genus Cancer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with JSON only. The target word "cancer" context: rare eye cancer retinoblastoma, malignant growth/tumor. So sense index 1. Must output JSON only exactly.

provider: Ambient


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: make
Target surface form: made
Context:
Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It <t>made</t> our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan. This test was the first to predict reliably whether an individual could expect to develop cancer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=make%2:41:00:: | definition=engage in | synonyms=do | examples=make love, not war; make an effort
2. sense_key=make%2:30:00:: | definition=give certain properties to something | synonyms=get | examples=get someone mad; She made us look silly
3. sense_key=make%2:36:00:: | definition=make or cause to be or to become | synonyms=create | examples=make a mess in one's office; create a furor
4. sense_key=make%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, have, get | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
5. sense_key=make%2:36:08:: | definition=give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally | synonyms=cause, do | examples=cause a commotion; make a stir
6. sense_key=make%2:36:01:: | definition=create or manufacture a man-made product | synonyms=produce, create | examples=We produce more cars than we can sell; The company has been making toys for two centuries
7. sense_key=make%2:31:00:: | definition=make, formulate, or derive in the mind | synonyms=draw | examples=I draw a line here; draw a conclusion
8. sense_key=make%2:36:15:: | definition=compel or make somebody or something to act in a certain way | examples=People cannot be made to integrate just by passing a law!; Heat makes you sweat
9. sense_key=make%2:36:09:: | definition=create by artistic means | synonyms=create | examples=create a poem; Schoenberg created twelve-tone music
10. sense_key=make%2:40:01:: | definition=earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages | synonyms=gain, take in, clear, earn, realize, realise | examples=How much do you make a month in your new job?; She earns a lot in her new job
11. sense_key=make%2:36:05:: | definition=create or design, often in a certain way | synonyms=do | examples=Do my room in blue; I did this piece in wood to express my love for the forest
12. sense_key=make%2:42:05:: | definition=to compose or represent: | synonyms=form, constitute | examples=This wall forms the background of the stage setting; The branches made a roof
13. sense_key=make%2:38:02:: | definition=reach a goal, e.g., | synonyms=reach, get to, progress to | examples=make the first team; We made it!
14. sense_key=make%2:42:00:: | definition=be or be capable of being changed or made into | examples=He makes a great host; He will make a fine father
15. sense_key=make%2:36:11:: | definition=make by shaping or bringing together constituents | examples=make a dress; make a cake
16. sense_key=make%2:36:12:: | definition=perform or carry out | examples=make a decision; make a move
17. sense_key=make%2:36:13:: | definition=make by combining materials and parts | synonyms=construct, build | examples=this little pig made his house out of straw; Some eccentric constructed an electric brassiere warmer
18. sense_key=make%2:30:15:: | definition=change from one form into another | examples=make water into wine; make lead into gold
19. sense_key=make%2:29:08:: | definition=act in a certain way so as to acquire | examples=make friends; make enemies
20. sense_key=make%2:41:03:: | definition=charge with a function; charge to be | synonyms=name, nominate | examples=She was named Head of the Committee; She was made president of the club
21. sense_key=make%2:40:02:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=have, get | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
22. sense_key=make%2:38:00:: | definition=reach a destination, either real or abstract | synonyms=reach, attain, hit, arrive at, gain | examples=We hit Detroit by noon; The water reached the doorstep
23. sense_key=make%2:31:13:: | definition=institute, enact, or establish | synonyms=lay down, establish | examples=make laws
24. sense_key=make%2:41:13:: | definition=carry out or commit | examples=make a mistake; commit a faux-pas
25. sense_key=make%2:41:01:: | definition=form by assembling individuals or constituents | examples=Make a quorum
26. sense_key=make%2:36:04:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, have, give | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
27. sense_key=make%2:30:02:: | definition=put in order or neaten | synonyms=make up | examples=make the bed; make up a room
28. sense_key=make%2:38:05:: | definition=head into a specified direction | synonyms=take | examples=The escaped convict took to the hills; We made for the mountains
29. sense_key=make%2:29:00:: | definition=have a bowel movement | synonyms=stool, defecate, shit, take a shit, take a crap, ca-ca | examples=The dog had made in the flower beds
30. sense_key=make%2:42:09:: | definition=undergo fabrication or creation | examples=This wool makes into a nice sweater
31. sense_key=make%2:42:13:: | definition=be suitable for | examples=Wood makes good furniture
32. sense_key=make%2:42:12:: | definition=add up to | examples=four and four make eight
33. sense_key=make%2:42:11:: | definition=amount to | examples=This salary increase makes no difference to my standard of living
34. sense_key=make%2:42:15:: | definition=constitute the essence of | examples=Clothes make the man
35. sense_key=make%2:39:12:: | definition=appear to begin an activity | examples=He made to speak but said nothing in the end; She made as if to say hello to us
36. sense_key=make%2:38:10:: | definition=proceed along a path | synonyms=work | examples=work one's way through the crowd; make one's way into the forest
37. sense_key=make%2:38:15:: | definition=reach in time | examples=We barely made the plane
38. sense_key=make%2:36:10:: | definition=gather and light the materials for | examples=make a fire
39. sense_key=make%2:36:07:: | definition=prepare for eating by applying heat | synonyms=cook, fix, ready, prepare | examples=Cook me dinner, please; can you make me an omelette?
40. sense_key=make%2:35:13:: | definition=induce to have sex | synonyms=seduce, score | examples=Harry finally seduced Sally; Did you score last night?
41. sense_key=make%2:32:14:: | definition=assure the success of | examples=A good review by this critic will make your play!
42. sense_key=make%2:32:09:: | definition=represent fictitiously, as in a play, or pretend to be or act like | synonyms=pretend, make believe | examples=She makes like an actress
43. sense_key=make%2:31:10:: | definition=consider as being | examples=It wasn't the problem some people made it
44. sense_key=make%2:31:12:: | definition=calculate as being | examples=I make the height about 100 feet
45. sense_key=make%2:30:10:: | definition=cause to be enjoyable or pleasurable | examples=make my day
46. sense_key=make%2:30:14:: | definition=favor the development of | examples=Practice makes the winner
47. sense_key=make%2:30:12:: | definition=develop into | examples=He will make a splendid father!
48. sense_key=make%2:29:06:: | definition=behave in a certain way | examples=make merry
49. sense_key=make%2:29:01:: | definition=eliminate urine | synonyms=urinate, piddle, puddle, micturate, piss, pee | examples=Again, the cat had made on the expensive rug

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The task is to choose the best WordNet-like indexed sense for "made" in context. We must return only JSON {"sense_index": n}.
We need analyze sentence: "\"It <t>made</t> our New Year,\" says Mr. Quinlan." The context is about genetic test showed baby no risk, so it made their New Year. Meaning: caused the New Year to be happy/special/wonderful. "make someone's day/year" is an idiom: cause to be enjoyable or pleasurable. Candidate sense #45 definition=cause to be enjoyable or pleasurable; examples=make my day. This matches. So answer {"sense_index": 45}. Need ensure no hedge. Fine.

provider: Venice


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: say
Target surface form: says
Context:
Bill and Bonnie Quinlan are among the first beneficiaries of the new findings. The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "<t>says</t> Mr. Quinlan. This test was the first to predict reliably whether an individual could expect to develop cancer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=say%2:32:00:: | definition=express in words | synonyms=state, tell | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you
2. sense_key=say%2:32:01:: | definition=report or maintain | synonyms=allege, aver | examples=He alleged that he was the victim of a crime; He said it was too late to intervene in the war
3. sense_key=say%2:32:03:: | definition=express a supposition | synonyms=suppose | examples=Let us say that he did not tell the truth; Let's say you had a lot of money--what would you do?
4. sense_key=say%2:42:00:: | definition=have or contain a certain wording or form | synonyms=read | examples=The passage reads as follows; What does the law say?
5. sense_key=say%2:32:04:: | definition=give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority | synonyms=order, tell, enjoin | examples=I said to him to go home; She ordered him to do the shopping
6. sense_key=say%2:32:02:: | definition=speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way | synonyms=pronounce, articulate, enounce, sound out, enunciate | examples=She pronounces French words in a funny way; I cannot say `zip wire'
7. sense_key=say%2:32:07:: | definition=communicate or express nonverbally | examples=What does this painting say?; Did his face say anything about how he felt?
8. sense_key=say%2:32:15:: | definition=utter aloud | examples=She said `Hello' to everyone in the office
9. sense_key=say%2:32:13:: | definition=state as one's opinion or judgement; declare | examples=I say let's forget this whole business
10. sense_key=say%2:32:08:: | definition=recite or repeat a fixed text | examples=Say grace; She said her `Hail Mary'
11. sense_key=say%2:32:09:: | definition=indicate | examples=The clock says noon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with JSON object with sense_index. Choose among 1-11. Context: "It made our New Year, " says Mr. Quinlan. This is direct reporting, he expressed in words. Candidate sense 1: express in words, synonyms state, tell. Could be sense 1. Let's examine distinctions. Sense 2: report or maintain, often with that-clause of claim/ allegation (allege, aver). Not. Sense 3 supposition. No. Sense 4 wording/form "the law says". No. Sense 5 order. No. Sense 6 pronounce. No. Sense 7 nonverbally. No. Sense 8 utter aloud. Could be, but here he said a quoted sentence. Sense 8 is specifically utter aloud (like said 'Hello'). Sense 1 express in words examples "He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you". In this context "says Mr. Quinlan" introducing direct speech. Most appropriate is sense 1 express in words. Sense 13? not listed index. So answer sense_index 1. Need return only JSON. Ensure exactly {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: first
Target surface form: first
Context:
The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan. This test was the <t>first</t> to predict reliably whether an individual could expect to develop cancer. Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=first%3:00:00:: | definition=preceding all others in time or space or degree | examples=the first house on the right; the first day of spring
2. sense_key=first%5:00:00:ordinal:00 | definition=indicating the beginning unit in a series | synonyms=1st
3. sense_key=first%5:00:02:opening:00 | definition=serving to set in motion | synonyms=inaugural, initiative, initiatory, maiden | examples=the magazine's inaugural issue; the initiative phase in the negotiations
4. sense_key=first%5:00:01:opening:00 | definition=serving to begin | synonyms=beginning | examples=the beginning canto of the poem; the first verse
5. sense_key=first%5:00:00:best:00 | definition=ranking above all others | synonyms=foremost, world-class | examples=was first in her class; the foremost figure among marine artists
6. sense_key=first%3:00:03:: | definition=highest in pitch or chief among parts or voices or instruments or orchestra sections | examples=first soprano; the first violin section

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The target word is "first" in the sentence: "This test was the first to predict reliably whether an individual could expect to develop cancer."

We need choose best WordNet sense among listed. The meaning: first (of its kind) i.e preceding all others in time; no test before had predicted cancer reliably. Candidate 1: preceding all others in time or space or degree. Candidate 3: serving to set in motion (inaugural/initiative), but test maybe inaugural. Candidate 4: serving to begin. Candidate 5: ranking above all others (foremost), not that.

Need distinguish 1 vs 3 vs 4. WordNet has 'first' senses. Sense key first%3:00:00:: (adj) preceding all others in time or space or degree. Another sense first%5:00:02:opening:00 (serving to set in motion) synonyms inaugural/maiden, and first%5:00:01:opening:00 serving to begin, synonyms beginning.

Context: "This test was the first to predict reliably..." It functions as predicate nominal: the earliest test to do it. It is an adjective modifying test? Actually noun phrase "the first [test] to predict..." elided test. Compare sense 1 examples: "the first house on the right; the first day of spring". That is the ordinary ordinal 'first' as adjective: preceding all others. This fits: first test. Sense 3 examples: "the magazine's inaugural issue; the initiative phase" — adjectives meaning first in a series specifically launching. Could "first test" be inaugural? But sense 3 would require a reading that the test served to set in motion (the field). Sens 1 is general ordinal.

The instruction says use context, examples, synonyms. The test was the first to predict cancer reliably. No series indicated. It's ordinal in time. So sense_index likely 1. Need JSON exactly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: individual
Target surface form: individual
Context:
The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan. This test was the first to predict reliably whether an <t>individual</t> could expect to develop cancer. Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=individual%1:03:00:: | definition=a human being | synonyms=person, someone, somebody, mortal, soul | examples=there was too much for one person to do
2. sense_key=individual%1:18:00:: | definition=a single organism

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need choose WordNet sense for 'individual' in context. Surface and lemma same. Context: medical genetic test predicts cancer development, regarding 'reliably whether an individual could expect to develop cancer.' Candidates: 1 individual%1:03:00:: a human being (synonyms: person, someone). 2 individual%1:18:00:: a single organism.

The context: 'whether an individual could expect to develop cancer' likely refers to a person (human). Medical diagnosis persons, baby, child, Mr. Quinlan. So sense 1. Need return JSON.

Potential issue: WordNet 'individual' noun has senses: 03 human being, 18 single organism? Actually likely noun.person and noun.tops? Need indexing as candidate labels 1 and 2. We choose 1. Return {"sense_index":1}. Ensure valid JSON only. No othertext.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: expect
Target surface form: expect
Context:
The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan. This test was the first to predict reliably whether an individual could <t>expect</t> to develop cancer. Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=expect%2:31:00:: | definition=regard something as probable or likely | synonyms=anticipate | examples=The meteorologists are expecting rain for tomorrow
2. sense_key=expect%2:32:00:: | definition=consider obligatory; request and expect | synonyms=ask, require | examples=We require our secretary to be on time; Aren't we asking too much of these children?
3. sense_key=expect%2:31:01:: | definition=look forward to the probable occurrence of | synonyms=look, await, wait | examples=We were expecting a visit from our relatives; She is looking to a promotion
4. sense_key=expect%2:31:05:: | definition=consider reasonable or due | examples=I'm expecting a full explanation as to why these files were destroyed
5. sense_key=expect%2:29:02:: | definition=look forward to the birth of a child | examples=She is expecting in March
6. sense_key=expect%2:29:00:: | definition=be pregnant with | synonyms=have a bun in the oven, bear, carry, gestate | examples=She is bearing his child; The are expecting another child in January

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need choose best indexed sense for target word 'expect' in sentence: "This test was the first to predict reliably whether an individual could <t>expect</t> to develop cancer."

We need do WSD. Sentence: predict reliably whether an individual could expect to develop cancer. It means foresee/anticipate/regard as probable or likely. Phrase "could expect to develop cancer" similar to would expect/likely to. Context: genetic test predicts whether individual could expect to develop cancer (i.e., is likely to). Candidate synset 2:31:00 definition regard something as probable or likely synonyms anticipate examples meteorologists expecting rain. That fits. Others: 2:32:00 consider obligatory request and expect (ask/require), no. 2:31:01 look forward to probable occurrence of (await, wait) - "We were expecting a visit" has connotation waiting/awaiting; not here because test predicts likelihood of future event, not individual waiting. 2:31:05 consider reasonable or due, no. 2:29:02 look forward to birth, no. 2:29:00 pregnant, no.

But check sense index numbering: candidate senses listed 1-6, index? They are WordNet 3.0? expect%2:31:00:: sense matched by index 1? Actually list shows:
1... expect%2:31:00::
2... expect%2:32:00::
3... expect%2:31:01::
4... expect%2:31:05::
5... expect%2:29:02::
6... expect%2:29:00::

So answer likely index 1. But user instruction: "Do not answer with a WordNet sense key. Return only JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 3}". Need produce {"sense_index": 1}

We should not hedge. Final just JSON. Ensure no extra text.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: develop
Target surface form: develop
Context:
The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan. This test was the first to predict reliably whether an individual could expect to <t>develop</t> cancer. Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=develop%2:36:01:: | definition=make something new, such as a product or a mental or artistic creation | examples=Her company developed a new kind of building material that withstands all kinds of weather; They developed a new technique
2. sense_key=develop%2:36:00:: | definition=work out | synonyms=evolve, germinate | examples=We have developed a new theory of evolution
3. sense_key=develop%2:30:06:: | definition=gain through experience | synonyms=acquire, evolve | examples=I acquired a strong aversion to television; Children must develop a sense of right and wrong
4. sense_key=develop%2:29:00:: | definition=come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes) | synonyms=grow, produce, get, acquire | examples=He grew a beard; The patient developed abdominal pains
5. sense_key=develop%2:42:00:: | definition=come into existence; take on form or shape | synonyms=originate, arise, rise, uprise, spring up, grow | examples=A new religious movement originated in that country; a love that sprang up from friendship
6. sense_key=develop%2:30:04:: | definition=change the use of and make available or usable | synonyms=build up | examples=develop land; The country developed its natural resources
7. sense_key=develop%2:32:00:: | definition=elaborate, as of theories and hypotheses | synonyms=explicate, formulate | examples=Could you develop the ideas in your thesis
8. sense_key=develop%2:31:00:: | definition=create by training and teaching | synonyms=train, prepare, educate | examples=The old master is training world-class violinists; we develop the leaders for the future
9. sense_key=develop%2:30:05:: | definition=be gradually disclosed or unfolded; become manifest | examples=The plot developed slowly
10. sense_key=develop%2:30:00:: | definition=grow, progress, unfold, or evolve through a process of evolution, natural growth, differentiation, or a conducive environment | examples=A flower developed on the branch; The country developed into a mighty superpower
11. sense_key=develop%2:30:09:: | definition=become technologically advanced | synonyms=modernize, modernise | examples=Many countries in Asia are now developing at a very fast pace; Viet Nam is modernizing rapidly
12. sense_key=develop%2:30:01:: | definition=cause to grow and differentiate in ways conforming to its natural development | synonyms=make grow | examples=The perfect climate here develops the grain; He developed a new kind of apple
13. sense_key=develop%2:36:09:: | definition=generate gradually | examples=We must develop more potential customers; develop a market for the new mobile phone
14. sense_key=develop%2:30:10:: | definition=grow emotionally or mature | synonyms=grow | examples=The child developed beautifully in her new kindergarten; When he spent a summer at camp, the boy grew noticeably and no longer showed some of his old adolescent behavior
15. sense_key=develop%2:39:00:: | definition=make visible by means of chemical solutions | examples=Please develop this roll of film for me
16. sense_key=develop%2:35:04:: | definition=superimpose a three-dimensional surface on a plane without stretching, in geometry
17. sense_key=develop%2:33:03:: | definition=move one's pieces into strategically more advantageous positions | examples=Spassky developed quickly
18. sense_key=develop%2:33:02:: | definition=move into a strategically more advantageous position | examples=develop the rook
19. sense_key=develop%2:30:13:: | definition=elaborate by the unfolding of a musical idea and by the working out of the rhythmic and harmonic changes in the theme | examples=develop the melody and change the key
20. sense_key=develop%2:30:03:: | definition=happen | synonyms=break, recrudesce | examples=Report the news as it develops; These political movements recrudesce from time to time
21. sense_key=develop%2:30:12:: | definition=expand in the form of a series | examples=Develop the function in the following form

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with JSON {"sense_index": ?}. Need choose best WordNet sense for "develop" in sentence "This test was the first to predict reliably whether an individual could expect to <t>develop</t> cancer." Context: retinoblastoma, cancer. "develop cancer" means acquire/gain disease; begin to experience. In WordNet, likely sense 4: develop%2:29:00:: "come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes)" synonyms grow, produce, get, acquire; examples: "He grew a beard; The patient developed abdominal pains". That's the medical usage. Also sense 20 "happen" synonyms break, recrudesce, "Report the news as it develops; These political movements recrudesce from time to time" not appropriate. Sense 3 "gain through experience" aversion/sense, not disease. So index 4. Need ensure exact JSON.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cancer
Target surface form: cancer
Context:
The Dedham, Mass., couple knew even before Bonnie became pregnant in 1987 that any child of theirs had a 50% chance of being at risk for retinoblastoma, an eye cancer that occurs about once every 20,000 births. Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan. This test was the first to predict reliably whether an individual could expect to develop <t>cancer</t>. Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: | definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream | synonyms=malignant neoplastic disease
2. sense_key=cancer%1:18:00:: | definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer | synonyms=Crab
3. sense_key=cancer%1:17:00:: | definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
4. sense_key=cancer%1:15:00:: | definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22 | synonyms=Cancer the Crab, Crab
5. sense_key=cancer%1:05:00:: | definition=type genus of the family Cancridae | synonyms=genus Cancer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with JSON only. The target is cancer in biomedical context: an eye cancer, malignant growth. So sense_index 1. Need output exactly {"sense_index": 1}. Ensure only JSON.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: equally
Target surface form: Equally
Context:
Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan. This test was the first to predict reliably whether an individual could expect to develop cancer. <t>Equally</t> important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=equally%4:02:01:: | definition=to the same degree (often followed by `as') | synonyms=as, every bit | examples=they were equally beautiful; birds were singing and the child sang as sweetly
2. sense_key=equally%4:02:02:: | definition=in equal amounts or shares; in a balanced or impartial way | synonyms=evenly | examples=a class evenly divided between girls and boys; they split their winnings equally

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need do WSD for target "Equally" in context. Determine best indexed sense among two candidates. The sentence: "Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene ... has opened a field..." It's an adverb modifying "important" meaning "to the same degree" / "also important" / "as important as". Candidate 1: to the same degree (often followed by `as'), synonyms as, every bit. Candidate 2: in equal amounts or shares; in a balanced or impartial way, synonyms evenly. The usage "Equally important" means "to the same degree important" (as the previous statement). So candidate 1. Even though not explicitly followed by "as" here, it's the same degree sense. Need output JSON {"sense_index":1}. Ensure no extra.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: important
Target surface form: important
Context:
Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan. This test was the first to predict reliably whether an individual could expect to develop cancer. Equally <t>important</t>, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=important%3:00:00:: | definition=of great significance or value | synonyms=of import | examples=important people; the important questions of the day
2. sense_key=important%3:00:04:: | definition=important in effect or meaning | synonyms=significant | examples=a significant change in tax laws; a significant change in the Constitution
3. sense_key=important%3:00:02:: | definition=of extreme importance; vital to the resolution of a crisis | synonyms=crucial | examples=a crucial moment in his career; a crucial election
4. sense_key=important%5:00:00:influential:00 | definition=having authority or ascendancy or influence | synonyms=authoritative | examples=an important official; the captain's authoritative manner
5. sense_key=important%5:00:00:immodest:02 | definition=having or suggesting a consciousness of high position | examples=recited the decree with an important air; took long important strides in the direction of his office

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need choose best sense for target word "important" in context. Need output JSON {"sense_index": int}. Let's analyze context. Sentence: "Equally <t>important</t>, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded." Meaning: the discovery is important, significant, of great significance or value. Candidate senses: 1. of great significance or value. 2. important in effect or meaning (significant). 3. of extreme importance; vital to resolution of crisis. 4. authoritative/influential. 5. immodest/haughty.
Here discovery's importance: it opened field, fundamental insights. Could be considered significant or of great significance. Which sense best? Need use WordNet. Important%3:00:00 is main adjective sense "of great significance or value". Important%3:00:04 is narrower syllogistic? Actually WordNet has two satellite senses: important 2 (extreme) crucial; significant 1 (of import). Let's recall WordNet sense numbering for "important": adj "important (a) of great significance or value" sense 1. "important in effect or meaning" sense 2 (synonym significant). "of extreme importance; vital to resolution" sense 3 (synonym crucial). "having authority or ascendancy or influence" sense 4. "having or suggesting consciousness of high position" sense 5.
Given dictionary in prompt has keys: 3:00:00 (1), 3:00:04 (2), 3:00:02 (3), 5:00:00:influential:00 (4), 5:00:00:immodest:02 (5). Wait order: 1 sense_key important%3:00:00 (of great significance or value), 2 important%3:00:04 (important in effect or meaning, significant), 3 important%3:00:02 (crucial). In context, "Equally important, the initial discovery ... has opened a field of cancer study, which ... exploded". This is more about great significance / significance in effect? The phrase "Equally important" commonly collocates with important%3:00:00. The discovery is important, not necessarily crucial to resolution of crisis. It's not about meaning/effect (significant change). It is significant in effect maybe because opened field. But the primary definition fits. Need single best. The examples for sense 2: "a significant change in tax laws; a significant change in the Constitution" imply important in effect or meaning, often measurable/influence. The discovery is an event not just evaluation. But sense 1 examples "important people; the important questions of the day" just value. The phrase "Equally important" could be equivalent to "of equal importance". In WordNet, "important" sense 1 is general. In WSD sense 2 is "significant" satellite? Actually important%3:00:04: definition important in effect or meaning; synonym significant. Use when target context could be replaced with significant. Here "Equally significant, the initial discovery..." plausible. But if we say "Equally important, the initial discovery..." it's also plausible as main sense. We need choose one. We must not hedge. Which is best?
Let's examine context sentence: "This test was the first to predict reliably whether an individual could expect to develop cancer. Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth... has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded." The word "important" refers to something of significance/consequence. The event's significance is in its effects/meaning: it opened a field, led to insights. That aligns with "important in effect or meaning". However sense 1 "of great significance or value" includes that too. WSD datasets may annotate this as sense 1 or 2 depending on whether it simply has high value vs significant in effect. The phrase "equally important" conjunction of two facts: the test predicted cancer, and the discovery opened a field of study. Both are significant/valuable. Could be sense 2? Let's think about WordNet gloss schematics and usage.
Examples: sense 2 examples are "a significant change in tax laws; a significant change in the Constitution". The discovery caused or is a significant change/event with consequences. The noun phrase "the initial discovery... has opened a field" is an important discovery. Could be tagged as "important in effect or meaning".
If we substitute synonyms: "Equally significant, the initial discovery..." and "Equally of import, the initial discovery..." For sense 1: synonyms "of import". For sense 2: "significant". "Equally crucial..." not appropriate because no crisis resolution. "Equally authoritative/authoritative air" not. So between 1 and 2.
In many WordNet mapping, important%3:00:00 is the general/common sense; sense 2 significant is a satellite with positive effect. Some disambiguation might expect sense 1 because it's just the generic usage. However the instruction says use context, examples, synonyms. The gloss "of great significance or value" matches general. The gloss "important in effect or meaning" matches that the discovery is important because of its effect (opened field). Since the context emphasizes effect, sense 2 might be best.
Let's look at exact WordNet definition of important%3:00:04: "important in effect or meaning; 'a significant change in tax laws'; 'a significant change in the Constitution'; 'a significant contribution'; 'significant details'; 'statistically significant'". This is like "significant". In context, "the initial discovery ... has opened a field of cancer study, which ... exploded" demonstrates effect/meaning. It is not primarily about "great significance or value"? But both overlap.
Need final: choose sense_index. I think best is 1? Let's reason more.
The target word appears as adjective in "Equally important," modifying a following propositional clause? Syntactically an adjective as a sentence modifier evaluating significance. This sense probably general. In such corpus, if separate sense for significant, usage with "equally important" introducing a parallel important fact may be considered sense "of great significance or value". But "important" in the sense of "important in effect or meaning" is more inline with "significant", and the examples are "significant change". The fact that the discovery opened a field of cancer study is a significant effect. However, that doesn't necessarily distinguish the adjective's sense in this slot; "important" here has broad meaning.
What would standard WSD do? We can check SemCor for "important" in adverbial "Equally important". Possibly annotated as sense 1 of import. Hard to know. In OntoNotes, "important" can be sense 3? But options include WN sense only.
The problem statement: "WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense." They likely expect to consider synonyms and examples strongly. For instance "important%3:00:04" synonyms significant, examples about significant change; context about opening field -> significant effect. If we just use general gloss, sense 1 is too broad and would always win, but they want more fine-grained. Therefore choose sense 2.
But could also choose sense 1 because it is the core sense for positive appraisal: "of great significance or value". The instruction says not to hedge. Need select single. Let's weigh.
Let's parse evaluations:
- discovery is "important" because it has opened field -> it is consequential, significant in effect/meaning. The preceding sentence says the test predicted cancer; that was important. Then "Equally important, the initial discovery ... has opened a field..." The focus is on consequence. That maps to sense 2 better than sense 1. Example "a significant contribution" is very similar to "the initial discovery... has opened a field".
- Sense 1 examples: "important people; the important questions of the day". Not about effect or discovery. The discovery isn't an "important person/question". So sense 2 fits better due to examples. Yes, choose 2.
Let's think if "important%3:00:00" includes "important questions of the day" which are significant issues. Narrow sense 2 uses examples significant change/contribution. In WN, "important in effect or meaning" is distinct from "of great significance or value" (sense 1). For a discovery/finding with effects, sense 2 likely.
Thus final answer: {"sense_index": 2}. Ensure only JSON object exactly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: discovery
Target surface form: discovery
Context:
Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan. This test was the first to predict reliably whether an individual could expect to develop cancer. Equally important, the initial <t>discovery</t> of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=discovery%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of discovering something | synonyms=find, uncovering
2. sense_key=discovery%1:10:00:: | definition=something that is discovered
3. sense_key=discovery%1:09:00:: | definition=a productive insight | synonyms=breakthrough, find
4. sense_key=discovery%1:10:01:: | definition=(law) compulsory pretrial disclosure of documents relevant to a case; enables one side in a litigation to elicit information from the other side concerning the facts in the case

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We have a task: choose best WordNet sense for "discovery" in context. Need output JSON {"sense_index": <index>}. The target lemma discovery, surface form same. Context: "the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study..." Candidate senses:
1. act of discovering something (find, uncovering)
2. something that is discovered
3. productive insight (breakthrough, find)
4. legal pretrial disclosure.
We need choose the best. The sense is not legal. Is "initial discovery of the gene" referring to the act or to the thing discovered? "discovery" can be both. "The initial discovery of the gene... has opened a field" – it could be the act or the fact/result discovered. WordNet sense 1 is the act of discovering. Sense 2 is something discovered. Sense 3 is productive insight. Let's analyze.
Context: "Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study..." The phrase "initial discovery of the gene" means the act/event by which the gene was first found, or maybe the resulting finding. The discovery (act) has opened a field. In WordNet, sense 2 "something that is discovered" could mean the gene was the discovery? But "discovery of the gene" is not the gene itself; it's the finding. Synonyms for sense 1: find, uncovering. Example: "the discovery of America" is act. "the discovery of the gene" is also act. Sense 3: "a productive insight" synonyms breakthrough, find. A discovery can be a breakthrough. Is "initial discovery" a productive insight? It is indeed a scientific breakthrough. However, "productive insight" often refers to mental achievement, e.g., "the discovery of penicillin" maybe sense 1. Let's inspect standard WordNet sense distinctions. WordNet 3.1: discovery n. has multiple senses. Sense 1: the act of discovering something. Synonyms: find, uncovering. Sense 2: something discovered. Sense 3: a productive insight. Synonyms: breakthrough, find. Sense 4: legal. The question likely designed to differentiate act vs. result vs. insight. Sentence: "the initial discovery of the gene ... has opened a field of cancer study". The discovery is not a physical object; the gene itself is something discovered but the phrase discovery means finding out. It could be considered the "act" of discovering. The result? "discovery of the gene" can be paraphrased as "the act/result of finding the gene". Sense 2 "something that is discovered" is too narrow; it would refer to a finding rather than process. But "discovery" here is abstract.
Let's consider examples from WordNet. If we had "the discovery of Argon", sense 1. If "the discovery was made by a doctor" sense 1 likely. "the discovery of a new drug" can be sense 1. But "The discovery was a breakthrough" is sense 3. The context calls it "Equally important ... has opened a field of cancer study". That suggests the discovery is a scientific breakthrough (sense 3) maybe. However, "initial discovery of the gene ... made by ... Dryja" is an fact. Which WordNet sense best maps? Let's examine exact glosses:
1. "the act of discovering something" synonyms: find, uncovering.
2. "something that is discovered"
3. "a productive insight" synonyms: breakthrough, find.
4. legal.
The phrase "productive insight" could apply: the discovery is an insight that opens field of study. But the phrase "initial discovery of the gene" also emphasizes the event. Many word sense disambiguation tasks: "discovery%1:04:00::" is act; "discovery%1:09:00::" is productive insight. The context includes "has opened a field of cancer study". That sounds like the *act/result* of the discovery, not necessarily the insight. But a breakthrough can open a field. We need single best. Let's read entire passage. It mentions the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, test, first to predict reliably, "Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell growth... has opened a field of cancer study". So "discovery" refers to finding of gene. It is not the gene itself (though maybe the "something discovered" would be the gene). "The initial discovery of the gene" is the same as "the initial finding of the gene". This maps to sense 1.
But note sense 3 synonyms include "find, breakthrough". Could they intend "breakthrough" because the discovery opened a field and fundamental insights? The test is first to predict cancer. The discovery is important. "Productive insight" = an insight that may lead to productive work. "The initial discovery" of a gene as a productive insight? It is more of an finding/event. WordNet examples for sense 3? Usually productive insight examples: "the discovery of penicillin"? Wait. Let's recall WordNet examples:
- "the discovery of America" sense 1.
- "the discovery of Argon" sense 3 maybe? I'm not sure.
Let's check actual WordNet data memory. In WordNet, the noun "discovery" has:
1. discovery, find, uncovering -> the act of discovering something.
2. discovery -> something discovered.
3. discovery, breakthrough, find -> a productive insight.
4. law.
I recall that sense 3 "a productive insight" could include "the discovery of penicillin". Let's see: "Breakthrough" is a productive insight. Examples may be "the discovery of penicillin fundamentally changed the treatment of bacterial infections." The act? It could be. However, for WSD the presence of "has opened a field... exploded... fundamental insights about cancer" leans toward sense 3 perhaps because it's a scientific breakthrough/insight. But also "opened a field" could be from "uncovering" (sense 1). The phrase "the initial discovery ... made by ... Dryja" focuses on a specific scientific finding. Many standard sense for such "discovery" in biomedical context is sense 1 or 3. Need decide.
Let's analyze candidate answer likely from an expert. The instruction: "WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense." They gave synonyms: sense 1 (find, uncovering), sense 3 (breakthrough, find). The context says "the initial discovery of the gene... has opened a field of cancer study." "The discovery" is the act/result of finding the gene. But they ask best indexed sense. Let's consider mapping to "the act of discovering something". In the sentence, "initial discovery" could be replaced by "finding" or "uncovering". "the initial uncovering of the gene ... has opened a field." That's good. Could also be "the initial breakthrough of the gene"? "breakthrough of the gene" is unnatural; we say "breakthrough in the study" not "breakthrough of the gene". "Initial find of the gene" okay but less common. "Uncovering" works. So sense 1 is best.
Also note earlier in context: "Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene" (isolation = discovery). Later "initial discovery of the gene". It is an finding. Sense 2 (something discovered) would mean the discovery is the gene itself? But "discovery of the gene" cannot be "discovered"? Actually "the initial discovery of the gene" can mean the gene when first discovered, but the phrase "made by ... Dryja" attributes action to a person, so it's the act.
Sense 3: "productive insight" synonyms: breakthrough, find. Could "initial discovery" be a productive insight? An insight is more mental. But the discovery of a gene is concrete. I'd choose 1.
Need output {"sense_index": 1}.
Now ensure only JSON, no explanation.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: control
Target surface form: controls
Context:
Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan. This test was the first to predict reliably whether an individual could expect to develop cancer. Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that <t>controls</t> retinal cell growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=control%2:41:00:: | definition=exercise authoritative control or power over | synonyms=command | examples=control the budget; Command the military forces
2. sense_key=control%2:41:01:: | definition=lessen the intensity of; temper; hold in restraint; hold or keep within limits | synonyms=hold in, hold, contain, check, curb, moderate | examples=moderate your alcohol intake; hold your tongue
3. sense_key=control%2:35:00:: | definition=handle and cause to function | synonyms=operate | examples=do not operate machinery after imbibing alcohol; control the lever
4. sense_key=control%2:37:06:: | definition=control (others or oneself) or influence skillfully, usually to one's advantage | synonyms=manipulate, keep in line | examples=She manipulates her boss; She is a very controlling mother and doesn't let her children grow up
5. sense_key=control%2:41:02:: | definition=check or regulate (a scientific experiment) by conducting a parallel experiment or comparing with another standard | synonyms=verify | examples=Are you controlling for the temperature?
6. sense_key=control%2:31:11:: | definition=verify by using a duplicate register for comparison | examples=control an account
7. sense_key=control%2:31:01:: | definition=be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something | synonyms=see, check, insure, see to it, ensure, ascertain | examples=He verified that the valves were closed; See that the curtains are closed
8. sense_key=control%2:31:00:: | definition=have a firm understanding or knowledge of; be on top of | synonyms=master | examples=Do you control these data?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need answer JSON only. Need choose best sense for "controls" in sentence: "the gene that controls retinal cell growth". This is biological regulation. WordNet senses: 1 exercise authoritative control/power over; 2 lessen intensity/restrain; 3 handle and cause to function; 4 manipulate/influence skillfully; 5 check/regulate scientific experiment; 6 verify duplicate register; 7 make certain; 8 have firm understanding. The gene controls retinal cell growth means regulates/governs. Which sense best? Sense 1 "exercise authoritative control or power over" maybe too social. But WordNet often includes "control" as "direct the behavior of; cause to do what you want"? Actually sense 1 is control%2:41:00 exercise authoritative control or power over. In biology, gene controls growth = regulates. Sense 2 "lessen the intensity of; temper; hold in restraint; hold or keep within limits" synonyms hold in, contain, check, curb, moderate. That could fit regulation of growth (keep within limits). But "controls retinal cell growth" not necessarily restrain; it could govern/promote/regulate. WordNet sense 2 includes "control" as "lessen intensity, temper, hold in restraint". Example "control your anger". Not exactly gene regulation. Sense 1 examples "control the budget; Command the military forces" - exercise power over. Gene controls growth = exercises control over the process. In WSD datasets, gene controls often mapped to sense 1? Let's think. WordNet verb control senses: 2:41:00 control: exercise authoritative control or power over; "control the budget". 2:41:01 control: lessen the intensity of; temper; hold in restraint; hold or keep within limits; "control your anger". 2:35:00 control: handle and cause to function; "do not operate machinery after imbibing alcohol; control the lever". 2:37:06 manipulate. 2:41:02 verify in experiment. 2:31:11 verify account. 2:31:01 ensure. 2:31:00 master.
Biological "gene controls cell growth" is likely sense 1? Actually WordNet's sense 1 "exercise authoritative control or power over" can be used for genes? The gloss is schematic. But "control" in "gene that controls retinal cell growth" means it regulates/directs the growth. The closest among candidates might be sense 1 (command) or sense 2 (restrain/regulate). Let's examine examples: sense 2 synonyms include check, curb, moderate; examples moderate your alcohol intake; hold your tongue. That implies limiting. Gene controlling growth is not limiting but governing. Sense 1 synonyms command; examples control the budget; Command the military forces. That is direct/manage. A gene commands/directs cell growth. So sense 1 likely best.
Need output JSON exactly {"sense_index": 1}. Ensure no extra text.

provider: Cloudflare


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cell
Target surface form: cell
Context:
Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan. This test was the first to predict reliably whether an individual could expect to develop cancer. Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal <t>cell</t> growth, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cell%1:06:03:: | definition=any small compartment | examples=the cells of a honeycomb
2. sense_key=cell%1:03:00:: | definition=(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
3. sense_key=cell%1:06:00:: | definition=a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction | synonyms=electric cell
4. sense_key=cell%1:14:00:: | definition=a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement | synonyms=cadre
5. sense_key=cell%1:06:04:: | definition=a hand-held mobile radiotelephone for use in an area divided into small sections, each with its own short-range transmitter/receiver | synonyms=cellular telephone, cellular phone, cellphone, mobile phone
6. sense_key=cell%1:06:02:: | definition=small room in which a monk or nun lives | synonyms=cubicle
7. sense_key=cell%1:06:01:: | definition=a room where a prisoner is kept | synonyms=jail cell, prison cell

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}. Need choose best sense for "cell" in context: "initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal <t>cell</t> growth". Biology. Candidate sense 2 is biology unit. So index 2. Need return only JSON. Ensure no explanation. Do it.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: growth
Target surface form: growth
Context:
Mr. Quinlan, 30 years old, knew he carried a damaged gene, having lost an eye to the rare tumor when he was only two months old -- after his mother had suffered the same fate when she was a baby. Because of the isolation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, it became possible last January to find out what threat the Quinlan baby faced. A test using new "genetic probes "showed that little Will Quinlan had not inherited a damaged retinoblastoma supressor gene and, therefore, faced no more risk than other children of developing the rare cancer. "It made our New Year, "says Mr. Quinlan. This test was the first to predict reliably whether an individual could expect to develop cancer. Equally important, the initial discovery of the gene that controls retinal cell <t>growth</t>, made by a Boston doctor named Thaddeus Dryja, has opened a field of cancer study, which in recent months has exploded. "It turns out that studying a tragic but uncommon tumor made possible some fundamental insights about the most basic workings of cancer, "says Samuel Broder, director of the National Cancer Institute.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=growth%1:22:00:: | definition=(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level | synonyms=growing, maturation, development, ontogeny, ontogenesis | examples=he proposed an indicator of osseous development in children
2. sense_key=growth%1:22:01:: | definition=a progression from simpler to more complex forms | examples=the growth of culture
3. sense_key=growth%1:22:02:: | definition=a process of becoming larger or longer or more numerous or more important | synonyms=increase, increment | examples=the increase in unemployment; the growth of population
4. sense_key=growth%1:14:00:: | definition=vegetation that has grown | examples=a growth of trees; the only growth was some salt grass
5. sense_key=growth%1:11:01:: | definition=the gradual beginning or coming forth | synonyms=emergence, outgrowth | examples=figurines presage the emergence of sculpture in Greece
6. sense_key=growth%1:26:00:: | definition=(pathology) an abnormal proliferation of tissue (as in a tumor)
7. sense_key=growth%1:17:00:: | definition=something grown or growing | examples=a growth of hair

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need choose best sense for "growth" in phrase "the gene that controls retinal cell growth". It refers to biological process of individual organism/cell growing organically, cell growth/proliferation. Candidate sense 1: (biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; includes organism changing from simple to more complex. But retinal cell growth isn't organism-level growth; cell growth is more like becoming larger/more numerous/proliferation. However wordnet sense 1 covers biological growth. Sense 3 is increase/increment. Sense 6 is pathological abnormal proliferation (tumor). Here retinal cells' normal growth controlled by gene. So likely sense 1 (biology). We need output JSON {"sense_index": 1}. Need consider fine-grained WN sense. In WN, "growth%1:22:00::" is noun act? Actually 1:22:00 is process. 1:22:02 quantity/increase. Context of gene controls retinal cell growth: biological process. Best sense 1.