[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: democratic
Target surface form: Democratic
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a <t>Democratic</t> presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=democratic%3:00:00:: | definition=characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality; ; ; - George du Maurier | examples=democratic government; a democratic country
2. sense_key=democratic%3:01:00:: | definition=belong to or relating to the Democratic Party | examples=Democratic senator
3. sense_key=democratic%5:00:00:common:01 | definition=representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large | synonyms=popular | examples=democratic art forms; a democratic or popular movement

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform word sense disambiguation for the target word "Democratic" in the given sentence. I need to choose the single best indexed sense from the three candidates.

Let me analyze the context:

The sentence is about a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a "Democratic" presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson. Adlai Stevenson was a Democratic Party presidential candidate (he ran in 1952 and 1956). And the context mentions "GOP" and the opposite party to GOP is the Democratic Party.

Now let's look at the three senses:

1. democratic (general): characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality. Examples: democratic government, a democratic country. This is the generic sense.

2. democratic (specific): belong to or relating to the Democratic Party. Examples: Democratic senator.

3. democratic (other sense, rare): representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large; synonyms = popular. Examples: democratic art forms.

The context clearly refers to the Democratic Party as a political party in the United States. The opposite is GOP (Grand Old Party = Republican Party). Adlai Stevenson was a Democratic Party candidate. "Democratic presidential candidate" refers to a candidate from the Democratic Party.

Therefore, sense 2 is the best fit.

The instructions say:
- Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
- Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

So I should return: {"sense_index": 2}


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: presidential
Target surface form: presidential
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic <t>presidential</t> candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=presidential%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to a president or presidency | examples=presidential aides; presidential veto
2. sense_key=presidential%3:00:00:: | definition=befitting a president | examples=criticized the candidate for not looking presidential

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "presidential".

Context: "Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic <t>presidential</t> candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that... In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20%..."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=presidential%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to a president or presidency | examples=presidential aides; presidential veto
2. sense_key=presidential%00:00:: | definition=befitting a president | examples=criticized the candidate for not looking presidential

Analysis:
- "presidential candidate" = a candidate for the office of president. This is "relating to a president or presidency" (Sense 1).
- "presidential election year" = an election year relating to the presidency. Again "relating to a president or presidency" (Sense 1).
- Sense 2 "befitting a president" would be something like "looking presidential", "acting presidential", "presidential demeanor".

The context clearly uses "presidential" in relation to the presidency, not befitting it. So the answer is Sense 1.

The user wants only JSON output exactly like {"sense_index": 3}, but the index here is 1.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: DeepInfra

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: candidate
Target surface form: candidate
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential <t>candidate</t> since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=candidate%1:18:01:: | definition=a politician who is running for public office | synonyms=campaigner, nominee
2. sense_key=candidate%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) | synonyms=prospect

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need choose best sense. Context: "Democratic presidential candidate" in election. Two senses: 1 politician running for public office, 2 someone considered something (prospect). Here candidate refers to Adlai Stevenson, a politician running for president (public office). Sense 1. Need output JSON only.

provider: AkashML


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: reminder
Target surface form: reminder
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another <t>reminder</t> that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=reminder%1:10:00:: | definition=a message that helps you remember something | examples=he ignored his wife's reminders
2. sense_key=reminder%1:09:00:: | definition=an experience that causes you to remember something
3. sense_key=reminder%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who gives a warning so that a mistake can be avoided | synonyms=admonisher, monitor

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer JSON with sense_index 1,2,3. Need decide best single sense. Target word reminder in context. Sentence: "Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district... is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political 'ticket splitting' has been on the rise over the past half century." Here reminder is not a literal message warning but an event/experience that causes one to remember/recognize something. Candidates: 1 message that helps you remember something; 2 experience that causes you to remember something; 3 someone who gives a warning. The rout is an electoral outcome that serves as a reminder. This is an experiential prompt causing recollection/remembrance. Sense 2 is best. Ensure JSON only.

provider: Parasail


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: federal
Target surface form: federal
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the <t>federal</t> level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=federal%5:00:00:national:01 | definition=national; especially in reference to the government of the United States as distinct from that of its member units | examples=the Federal Bureau of Investigation; federal courts
2. sense_key=federal%3:01:02:: | definition=of or relating to the central government of a federation | examples=a federal district is one set aside as the seat of the national government
3. sense_key=federal%5:00:00:northern:02 | definition=being of or having to do with the northern United States and those loyal to the Union during the American Civil War | synonyms=Union | examples=Union soldiers; Federal forces
4. sense_key=federal%3:00:00:: | definition=characterized by or constituting a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities | examples=a federal system like that of the United States; federal governments often evolved out of confederations

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need choose single best sense for word 'federal' in phrase 'at the federal level'. Context: Tuesday's rout... is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political ticket splitting has been on rise... Presumably refers to U.S. federal government as distinct from state/local units. Candidates:
1. national; especially in reference to government of US as distinct from that of its member units. examples FBI, federal courts.
2. of or relating to central government of a federation. general central government of any federation.
3 civil war northern. irrelevant.
4 characterized by or constituting a form of government where power divided central & regional. example federal system; federal governments evolved out of confederations.
Context: US political, federal level vs congressional districts/state. The phrase "at the federal level" likely refers to national level as opposed to state/local. The specific US usage is sense 1, not generic central government of a federation? WordNet index: sense_key federal%5:00:00:national:01 means derived from national? It says national; especially in reference to the government of the United States as distinct from that of its member units. That's exactly context. Sense 2 is more generic central government of a federation (e.g., of or relating to the central government of a federation, examples federal district as seat of national government). However sense 2 covers national government as well but lacks especially US distinction. Which fits better? The text mentions GOP, Democratic, Mississippi, White House, House of Representatives, U.S. context. 'federal level' meaning national politics. The distinction between levels—federal vs state/district—is U.S member units. So sense 1 best.
Need return JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}. Wait asked choose single best indexed sense. Return only JSON object. No explanation. Use sense index 1. Ensure no markdown? Return JSON only.

provider: Together


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: level
Target surface form: level
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal <t>level</t>, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=level%1:07:00:: | definition=a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality | synonyms=degree, grade | examples=a moderate grade of intelligence; a high level of care is required
2. sense_key=level%1:26:01:: | definition=a relative position or degree of value in a graded group | synonyms=grade, tier | examples=lumber of the highest grade
3. sense_key=level%1:26:00:: | definition=a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process | synonyms=degree, stage, point | examples=a remarkable degree of frankness; at what stage are the social sciences?
4. sense_key=level%1:07:01:: | definition=height above ground | examples=the water reached ankle level; the pictures were at the same level
5. sense_key=level%1:06:00:: | definition=indicator that establishes the horizontal when a bubble is centered in a tube of liquid | synonyms=spirit level
6. sense_key=level%1:06:03:: | definition=a flat surface at right angles to a plumb line | synonyms=horizontal surface | examples=park the car on the level
7. sense_key=level%1:09:00:: | definition=an abstract place usually conceived as having depth | synonyms=layer, stratum | examples=a good actor communicates on several levels; a simile has at least two layers of meaning
8. sense_key=level%1:06:01:: | definition=a structure consisting of a room or set of rooms at a single position along a vertical scale | synonyms=floor, storey, story | examples=what level is the office on?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "level" in the given context.

The target word "level" appears in the phrase "at the federal <t>level</t>". Let me analyze the context carefully.

The context is about political "ticket splitting" being on the rise at the federal level. This means at the federal stratum/layer/degree of government or political organization.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. level%1:07:00:: - position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality (degree, grade)
2. level%1:26:01:: - relative position or degree of value in a graded group (grade, tier)
3. level%1:26:00:: - specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process (degree, stage, point)
4. level%1:07:01:: - height above ground
5. level%1:06:00:: - indicator that establishes horizontal (spirit level)
6. level%1:06:03:: - flat surface at right angles to a plumb line (horizontal surface)
7. level%1:09:00:: - abstract place usually conceived as having depth (layer, stratum)
8. level%1:06:01:: - structure consisting of room(s) at single position along vertical scale (floor, storey, story)

The phrase "at the federal level" means "at the stratum/layer of federal government" - it's a metaphorical layer of government. Sense 7 has synonyms "layer, stratum" and examples like "a good actor communicates on several levels; a simile has at least two layers of meaning" - this fits because "federal level" refers to a level/layer of government abstraction.

Let me reconsider. "Level" in "federal level" can also relate to sense 1 or 3 perhaps? The sense of "federal level" as a position in a hierarchy.

Sense 7: "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth" with synonym "stratum". "Federal level" maps well to a stratum or layer of government.

I think sense 7 is the best fit here. The phrase "at the federal level" refers to the federal stratum/layer of political organization, an abstract level. The examples mention "on several levels" which is consistent with "at the federal level".

Let me verify by checking WordNet. The relevant sense might be one that means "stratum, layer". Looking at the senses, this is sense 7: level%1:09:00:: with definition "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth".

Other senses don't fit as well:
- Sense 1 (degree/grade): Could "federal level" mean a degree? Possibly, but "degree" in the examples is about amount/quality on a scale, not layers of hierarchy.
- Sense 2 (tier): This could be closer - a relative position. "Federal tier" makes sense.
- Sense 3 (stage/point): Not really applicable.
- Sense 7 (layer/stratum): Most natural. Government operates at different levels (local, state, federal) as strata/layers.

Between 7 and 2 and 1. I think 7 is the best because "federal/state/local level" is commonly understood as metaphorical layers/strata of government, which matches the layer/stratum synonym exactly.

Then the answer should be {"sense_index": 7}.

The user asks for JSON only with no hedge.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: political
Target surface form: political
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, <t>political</t> "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=political%3:00:00:: | definition=involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians; - Daniel Goleman | examples=calling a meeting is a political act in itself; political pressure
2. sense_key=political%3:01:01:: | definition=of or relating to your views about social relationships involving authority or power | examples=political opinions
3. sense_key=political%3:01:02:: | definition=of or relating to the profession of governing | examples=political career

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need answer with JSON. Target lemma political, surface. Context: "political 'ticket splitting' has been on the rise..." Need choose sense index among three.
Sense 1: involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians; examples calling a meeting is a political act; political pressure.
Sense 2: of or relating to your views about social relationships involving authority or power; examples political opinions.
Sense 3: of or relating to the profession of governing; examples political career.

Context: political ticket splitting, phenomena of voting behavior at federal level. Political means characteristic of politics/government. Could sense 3? It relates to profession of governing? Ticket splitting is electoral behavior. Sense 1 broader, involving or characteristic of politics or parties. Best. Answer {"sense_index":1}. Must only JSON. Ensure no extra text.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: past
Target surface form: past
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the <t>past</t> half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=past%3:00:00:: | definition=earlier than the present time; no longer current | examples=time past; his youth is past
2. sense_key=past%5:00:00:outgoing:00 | definition=of a person who has held and relinquished a position or office | synonyms=preceding, retiring | examples=a retiring member of the board

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with JSON object only. We need disambiguate word "past" in sentence. Sentence: "... on the rise over the past half century." "past" modifies "half century", meaning preceding/last half century before present. Candidate senses: 1 earlier than present time; no longer current. 2 of person outgoing/preceding, retiring. This is adjective for person. Context uses noun phrase "past half century". Best is sense 1. Need return {"sense_index":1}. Ensure only JSON.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: presidential
Target surface form: presidential
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one <t>presidential</t> election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=presidential%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to a president or presidency | examples=presidential aides; presidential veto
2. sense_key=presidential%3:00:00:: | definition=befitting a president | examples=criticized the candidate for not looking presidential

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need produce answer only JSON with sense_index. Need disambiguate 'presidential' in context. Candidate senses: 1 relating to a president or presidency (examples presidential aides, presidential veto). 2 befitting a president (looking presidential). Context: "Democratic presidential candidate", "presidential election year". It means relating to a president/presidency, not befitting appearance. So sense index 1. Return {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: Venice


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: election
Target surface form: election
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential <t>election</t> year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=election%1:04:01:: | definition=a vote to select the winner of a position or political office | examples=the results of the election will be announced tonight
2. sense_key=election%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of selecting someone or something; the exercise of deliberate choice | examples=her election of medicine as a profession
3. sense_key=election%1:26:00:: | definition=the status or fact of being elected | examples=they celebrated his election
4. sense_key=election%1:09:00:: | definition=the predestination of some individuals as objects of divine mercy (especially as conceived by Calvinists)

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need produce JSON {"sense_index": X}. Need choose best sense for "election" in "presidential election year". Context: election year. "In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% ... choose...". The phrase "presidential election year" refers to year in which a vote to select winner of position/political office (president) occurs. So sense 1: a vote to select the winner of a position or political office. Probably best. Sense 3 being elected status. Not. Sense 2 act of selecting someone/something broadly. While election is selecting, specific phrase refers to the electoral event. WordNet: election%1:04:01 definition vote to select winner of position or political office; examples results. That fits. Return only JSON exact. Need no hedging. Ensure JSON object.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: year
Target surface form: year
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election <t>year</t> prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=year%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days | synonyms=twelvemonth, yr | examples=she is 4 years old; in the year 1920
2. sense_key=year%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity | examples=a school year
3. sense_key=year%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun | examples=a Martian year takes 687 of our days
4. sense_key=year%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who graduate together | synonyms=class | examples=the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need choose best sense for target word "year" in sentence: "In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20%...". Options: sense 1 period of time containing 365/366 days, 2 regular part of calendar year used for particular activity, 3 planet revolution around sun, 4 body of students. Here "presidential election year" is a year in which a presidential election occurs, specific calendar year, sense 1: a period of time containing 365/366 days. It is not "school year" part of calendar year for activity. It's the calendar year. So answer index 1. Must return only JSON. Ensure no extra text.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: nation
Target surface form: nation
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the <t>nation</t>'s congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=nation%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=state, country, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
2. sense_key=nation%1:14:01:: | definition=the people who live in a nation or country | synonyms=land, country | examples=a statement that sums up the nation's mood; the news was announced to the nation
3. sense_key=nation%1:18:00:: | definition=United States prohibitionist who raided saloons and destroyed bottles of liquor with a hatchet (1846-1911) | synonyms=Carry Nation, Carry Amelia Moore Nation
4. sense_key=nation%1:14:02:: | definition=a federation of tribes (especially Native American tribes) | examples=the Shawnee nation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with exact JSON. Need WSD of "nation" in context: "more than 20% of the <t>nation</t>'s congressional districts choose ..." Here phrase "the nation's congressional districts" refers to the United States as a country (politically organized body) or people who live in a nation. Distinction between sense 1: a politically organized body of people under a single government; synonyms: state, country, land, commonwealth, etc. sense 2: the people who live in a nation or country (the people). Which better? The phrase is "the nation's congressional districts". Congressional districts are territorial entities of a country/government. It refers to the United States as a country. sense 1 is state/country as a political entity. Also the earlier context "nation's congressional districts" = the country's congressional districts. So sense 1 likely. Need JSON exactly {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: choose
Target surface form: choose
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts <t>choose</t> a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=choose%2:31:00:: | definition=pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives | synonyms=take, select, pick out | examples=Take any one of these cards; Choose a good husband for your daughter
2. sense_key=choose%2:31:02:: | definition=select as an alternative over another | synonyms=prefer, opt | examples=I always choose the fish over the meat courses in this restaurant; She opted for the job on the East coast
3. sense_key=choose%2:31:01:: | definition=see fit or proper to act in a certain way; decide to act in a certain way | examples=She chose not to attend classes and now she failed the exam

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need decide best sense for "choose" in sentence: "In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives." Districts choose candidate. It's selection from alternatives among candidates/parties. Sense 1: pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives. Sense 2: select as an alternative over another (prefer, opt) usually choose X over Y. The phrase "choose a different party's candidate ... than ..." could align with selecting an alternative over another (sense2). But the object is "a different party's candidate". Need parse.

Sentence: districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. They selected different party's candidate. The basic sense of elections selecting candidate: sense1. Sense2 examples "choose the fish over the meat courses" = prefer one alternative over another. Here there is "different ... than". But the action is selecting candidate from among candidates/alternatives. Use sense1 likely. Need only JSON.

provider: Ambient


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: party
Target surface form: party
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different <t>party</t>'s candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=party%1:14:01:: | definition=an organization to gain political power | synonyms=political party | examples=in 1992 Perot tried to organize a third party at the national level
2. sense_key=party%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of people gathered together for pleasure | examples=she joined the party after dinner
3. sense_key=party%1:14:02:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=company | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
4. sense_key=party%1:11:00:: | definition=an occasion on which people can assemble for social interaction and entertainment | examples=he planned a party to celebrate Bastille Day
5. sense_key=party%1:18:00:: | definition=a person involved in legal proceedings | examples=the party of the first part

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "party" in the given context. I need to choose the single best indexed sense from the candidate senses.

Let me analyze the context:
The passage is about political elections. It mentions "a GOP congressional hopeful," "Democratic presidential candidate," "political 'ticket splitting'," "presidential election year," "congressional districts," "different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives."

The target phrase is "different party's candidate" - referring to a political party. In the U.S. federal election system, candidates are affiliated with political parties (Republican Party, Democratic Party, etc.). The context is about how congressional districts vote for candidates of one party for president and candidates of a different party for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. political party - "an organization to gain political power" - This fits perfectly.
2. social gathering of people - doesn't fit
3. band of people associated temporarily - doesn't fit (this is like a search party, hiking party)
4. social occasion/entertainment - doesn't fit
5. legal proceeding person - doesn't fit

The answer is clearly sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: candidate
Target surface form: candidate
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's <t>candidate</t> for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=candidate%1:18:01:: | definition=a politician who is running for public office | synonyms=campaigner, nominee
2. sense_key=candidate%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) | synonyms=prospect

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with JSON only. Need choose sense index for candidate in context. Let's analyze. Target lemma candidate, surface candidate. Context: "choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives." This is about presidential candidate, a politician running for public office. Sense 1: politician running for public office. Sense 2: someone considered for something (office/prize/honor), prospect. In this context, candidate for the White House = running for president. Sense 1 fits best. Also "GOP congressional hopeful" earlier uses candidate. The phrase "Democratic presidential candidate" clearly sense 1. The target is "candidate for the White House". So index 1. Need return JSON exactly {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: Cloudflare


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: percentage
Target surface form: percentage
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that <t>percentage</t> routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=percentage%1:24:00:: | definition=a proportion in relation to a whole (which is usually the amount per hundred) | synonyms=percent, per centum, pct
2. sense_key=percentage%1:21:00:: | definition=assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=share, portion, part | examples=he wanted his share in cash

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need answer JSON object only with sense_index.

Need disambiguate word "percentage" in sentence. Context: "Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%." It refers back to the percent figure (more than 20% of nation's congressional districts...) It's a proportion in relation to a whole, synonym percent. So sense 1. Sense 2 is share/part assets. Use index 1. Ensure only JSON exactly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: equal
Target surface form: equals
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely <t>equals</t> a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=equal%2:42:00:: | definition=be identical or equivalent to | synonyms=be | examples=One dollar equals 1,000 rubles these days!
2. sense_key=equal%2:42:01:: | definition=be equal to in quality or ability | synonyms=touch, rival, match | examples=Nothing can rival cotton for durability; Your performance doesn't even touch that of your colleagues
3. sense_key=equal%2:30:00:: | definition=make equal, uniform, corresponding, or matching | synonyms=match, equalize, equalise, equate | examples=let's equalize the duties among all employees in this office; The company matched the discount policy of its competitors

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer JSON. Need choose sense. Let's analyze. Target lemma equal, surface equals. Sentence: "Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%." Meaning equals = amounts to, is equivalent to (be identical or equivalent to). Sense 1. Examples: One dollar equals 1,000 rubles. This matches. Sense 2 means equal in quality/ability. Sense 3 means make equal (transitive). Here "that percentage equals a third" is stative, be identical/equivalent to. So index 1. Need return only JSON.

provider: Moonshot AI


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: know
Target surface form: know
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we <t>know</t>, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=know%2:31:01:: | definition=be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about | synonyms=cognize, cognise | examples=I know that the President lied to the people; I want to know who is winning the game!
2. sense_key=know%2:31:03:: | definition=know how to do or perform something | examples=She knows how to knit; Does your husband know how to cook?
3. sense_key=know%2:31:02:: | definition=be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt | examples=I know that I left the key on the table; Galileo knew that the earth moves around the sun
4. sense_key=know%2:31:00:: | definition=be familiar or acquainted with a person or an object | examples=She doesn't know this composer; Do you know my sister?
5. sense_key=know%2:31:04:: | definition=have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations | synonyms=experience, live | examples=I know the feeling!; have you ever known hunger?
6. sense_key=know%2:31:06:: | definition=accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority | synonyms=acknowledge, recognize, recognise | examples=The Crown Prince was acknowledged as the true heir to the throne; We do not recognize your gods
7. sense_key=know%2:31:15:: | definition=have fixed in the mind | examples=I know Latin; This student knows her irregular verbs
8. sense_key=know%2:35:00:: | definition=have sexual intercourse with | synonyms=sleep together, roll in the hay, love, make out, make love, sleep with | examples=This student sleeps with everyone in her dorm; Adam knew Eve
9. sense_key=know%2:31:11:: | definition=know the nature or character of | examples=we all knew her as a big show-off
10. sense_key=know%2:31:12:: | definition=be able to distinguish, recognize as being different | examples=The child knows right from wrong
11. sense_key=know%2:31:14:: | definition=perceive as familiar | examples=I know this voice!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need answer only JSON sense_index. Need select best sense for "know" in context: "As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress." This is epistemic phrase "As we know" meaning common awareness/factual information. Which candidate sense best? Let's examine:

1. be cognizant or aware of a fact or specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about. Synonyms cognize/cognise. Examples: I know that the President lied.

2. know how to do or perform something. Not.

3. be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt. Examples: I know that I left the key; Galileo knew earth moves. This is propositional knowledge/truth. Difference between 1 and 3? 1 is "possess knowledge/information about". 3 is "be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith; regard as true beyond doubt". Context "As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans..." This is a common known fact? Could be 1 or 3. WordNet sense 1 includes I know that the President lied to people. That is propositional fact. Sense 3 maybe stronger beyond doubt/truth (I know that I left key; Galileo knew earth moves). In WSD literature, "As you know" is often sense 01? Let's check WordNet mapping: know%2:31:01:: is be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about. know%2:31:02:: be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt. know%2:31:00:: be familiar or acquainted with a person or object.

In common phrases "we know", "I know that X" where know takes a that-clause, which sense? The examples for sense 1: "I know that the President lied to the people." includes that-clause. Wait sense 1 definition: be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about. Example "I know that the President lied to the people". So sense 1 can take that-clause. Sense 3 examples also that-clause. Need discriminate.

WordNet hierarchy? know.v.01 be familiar or acquainted; know.v.02 know, cognize, cognise (be cognizant or aware); know.v.03 know (be aware of truth of something; have belief or faith; regard as true beyond any doubt). Definitions: sense 2 maybe as know how. In WordNet 3.0, know has 11 senses. The senses with that-complement: "be cognizant of a fact" (cognize) vs "be aware of the truth of something" [?]. There is a subtle distinction: sense 2:31:01 (cognize) is most general knowing facts/information. Sense 2:31:02 is strong conviction/belief or faith, acceptance of truth. "As we know" where a known tendency is stated. The phrase means "As we are aware". I'd lean sense 1 (know, cognize). But check examples: Sense 1: "I know that the President lied to the people; I want to know who is winning the game!" Sense 3: "I know that I left the key on the table; Galileo knew that the earth moves around the sun". The second involves established scientific truth. "Voters tend to favor Republicans..." is a known trend/fact, not personal faith. Could be sense 1. Also the target surface form is "know" in "As we know". This is a light verb/impersonal. In PropBank KNOW.01: "know a fact". In SemCor, "We know" examples? Let's think. WSD for "know": "as you know" often annotated as sense 02? Hard.

Let's examine gloss more: Sense 1: "be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about". This sense can mean recognize or hold information. Sense 3: "be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt". This sense seems about believing something true with certainty. Phrase "As we know" is about shared knowledge, shared awareness. Since the phrase is general, sense 1 likely. If we parse: "As we know, voters tend to favor..." = "As we are aware of the fact that..." matches sense 1 definition. Sense 3 would be "As we are aware of the truth of the proposition that..." Also matches. However, sense 3 examples include "Galileo knew that the earth moves" (truth beyond doubt), "I know that I left the key" (speaker certainty). The lemma know in context is about established political science fact, shared general knowledge. Which Way? Many WSD systems map "know" with that-clauses to sense 01 if generic. But for certain truth beyond doubt, sense 03.

Need respect instructions: use sentence context, examples, synonyms. Must choose single best. No hedge. Only JSON.

Let's consider whether a different sense fits. "know" could be "perceive as familiar" (11)? No. "have firsthand knowledge" (5)? No. "accept someone to be what is claimed" (6)? No. "have fixed in mind" (7)? No. "know nature or character" (9)? No. So between 1 and 3.

The phrase "As we know" is an interjection; the embedded fact is known collectively. If we say "I know Latin" that's sense 7 (have fixed in mind). "I know the feeling" sense 5. "I know right from wrong" sense 10. There's no object person. So sense 1 or 3.

Let's search memory of WordNet senses order: know.v.01 know, cognize, cognise – be cognizant or aware of a fact or specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about; "I know that the President lied to the people". This is the most frequent sense for "know" (cognitive). know.v.02 know – know how to do or perform something. know.v.03 know – be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt; "I know that I left the key on the table"; "Galileo knew that the earth moves around the sun". This is probably less frequent.

The phrase "as we know" could be translated as "as we know to be true"? But typical definition might align with sense 03 because it involves awareness of truth. Yet the semantic difference is subtle and perhaps sense 1 is parent "be cognizant or aware of a fact". WordNet organizes senses by frequency/semantic distinctness; sense 3 is perhaps about "believe to be true" not just possess info. "Voters tend to favor Republicans more..." is statistical; not "beyond doubt". So sense 1.

However, the phrase "As we know" has an implicit "that" clause: As we know [that] voters tend... The complement is a clause. Sense 1 explicitly takes that-clause. Examples include "I know that the President lied". Sense 3 also. Since no strong faith, pick 1.

Need output JSON exactly {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: tend
Target surface form: tend
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters <t>tend</t> to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=tend%2:42:01:: | definition=have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined | synonyms=be given, lean, incline, run | examples=She tends to be nervous before her lectures; These dresses run small
2. sense_key=tend%2:41:00:: | definition=have care of or look after | examples=She tends to the children
3. sense_key=tend%2:41:01:: | definition=manage or run | examples=tend a store

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer in JSON {"sense_index": X}. The task: WSD for "tend" in sentence: "As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress." The candidate senses: 1 tend%2:42:01:: have a tendency or disposition, synonyms incline, lean, run. 2 have care of or look after. 3 manage or run. Clearly sense 1. Need only JSON. Ensure no extra text.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: favor
Target surface form: favor
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to <t>favor</t> Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=favor%2:41:00:: | definition=promote over another | synonyms=prefer, favour | examples=he favors his second daughter
2. sense_key=favor%2:31:00:: | definition=consider as the favorite | synonyms=favour | examples=The local team was favored
3. sense_key=favor%2:41:01:: | definition=treat gently or carefully | synonyms=favour
4. sense_key=favor%2:41:03:: | definition=bestow a privilege upon | synonyms=privilege, favour

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer JSON only. Need choose sense index for target "favor" in sentence: "voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress." Meaning: prefer/support Republicans more. Candidate senses: 1 promote over another, synonyms prefer; 2 consider as the favorite; 3 treat gently; 4 bestow privilege. The usage is "favor Republicans more" = prefer/support one over another. Sense 1 definition promote over another, synonyms prefer. Example "he favors his second daughter" similar. So index 1. Need output only JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}. So {"sense_index": 1}. Ensure no extra text.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: republican
Target surface form: Republicans
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor <t>Republicans</t> more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=republican%1:18:01:: | definition=a member of the Republican Party
2. sense_key=republican%1:18:00:: | definition=an advocate of a republic (usually in opposition to a monarchy)
3. sense_key=republican%1:17:00:: | definition=a tributary of the Kansas River that flows from eastern Colorado eastward through Nebraska and Kansas | synonyms=Republican River

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need choose best indexed sense for word "Republicans" in sentence. Context is political, GOP, Republican Party. Candidate senses: 1 is member of Republican Party. Sense 2 is advocate of republic vs monarchy. Sense 3 is river. So answer sense_index 1. Need return JSON exactly. We must not use sense key. Only JSON.
Potential issue: senses listed: 1. republican%1:18:01:: definition member of Republican Party. 2 republican%1:18:00:: advocate of republic. 3 river. So 1. Return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: race
Target surface form: races
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in <t>races</t> for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=race%1:11:01:: | definition=any competition | examples=the race for the presidency
2. sense_key=race%1:11:00:: | definition=a contest of speed | examples=the race is to the swift
3. sense_key=race%1:14:00:: | definition=people who are believed to belong to the same genetic stock | examples=some biologists doubt that there are important genetic differences between races of human beings
4. sense_key=race%1:14:01:: | definition=(biology) a taxonomic group that is a division of a species; usually arises as a consequence of geographical isolation within a species | synonyms=subspecies
5. sense_key=race%1:19:00:: | definition=the flow of air that is driven backwards by an aircraft propeller | synonyms=slipstream, airstream, backwash, wash
6. sense_key=race%1:06:00:: | definition=a canal for a current of water | synonyms=raceway

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need perform WSD. Target lemma 'race', surface 'races', context phrase 'races for president' and 'those for Congress'. Candidate senses: 1. any competition (example: race for the presidency), 2. contest of speed, 3. people genetic stock, 4. subspecies, 5. air flow, 6. canal. Context clearly uses political contests/elections, not speed. Sense 1 any competition includes race for presidency. Therefore best indexed sense is 1. Need return JSON only {"sense_index": 1}. Must not answer with sense key.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: president
Target surface form: president
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for <t>president</t> than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=president%1:18:01:: | definition=an executive officer of a firm or corporation
2. sense_key=president%1:18:04:: | definition=the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government | synonyms=President of the United States, United States President, Chief Executive | examples=the President likes to jog every morning
3. sense_key=president%1:18:00:: | definition=the chief executive of a republic
4. sense_key=president%1:18:03:: | definition=the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization | synonyms=chairman, chairwoman, chair, chairperson | examples=address your remarks to the chairperson
5. sense_key=president%1:18:02:: | definition=the head administrative officer of a college or university | synonyms=prexy
6. sense_key=president%1:04:04:: | definition=the office of the United States head of state | synonyms=President of the United States, Chief Executive | examples=a President is elected every four years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need choose best WordNet sense for "president" in context. The target surface is "president" in phrase "races for president" and "popular vote for president". Context is about US elections, presidential candidate, White House, US head of state. Candidate senses include:
1. executive officer of firm/corp.
2. person who holds office of head of state of US government.
3. chief executive of a republic.
4. officer presides meetings organization.
5. head admin officer college/university.
6. office of the US head of state (not person, but office).
The context uses "president" as an office/position in elections "races for president", "popular vote for president". Is it the person or the office? WordNet sense 6 is "the office of the United States head of state" (synonyms President of the United States, Chief Executive; example "a President is elected every four years"). That seems to match "races for president" (race for office) and "popular vote for president" (vote for office/president). However sense 2 is the person holding office. In common usage, "vote for president" can refer to the office or the candidate. In WSD, we need choose indexed sense. Let's analyze.
The phrase "races for president" = races for the office of president. "major-party popular vote for president" = popular vote for the office/presidency. WordNet sense 6 explicitly definition: the office of the United States head of state; examples: "a President is elected every four years". The word "president" as office in US. Sense 2: the person who holds the office of head of state of US government; examples: "the President likes to jog every morning". In context, not a specific person, but the office. So sense 6 likely.
But the target lemma "president" surface in "races for <t>president</t>" and "popular vote for president". In WordNet, sense 6 is noun.artifact? Actually sense_key president%1:04:04:: (noun.artifact? 04 is noun.artifact? Let's recall WordNet lexicographer file numbers: noun.person=18, noun.artifact=04. Yes sense 6 is noun.artifact (office). Sense 2 and 3 are noun.person.
Question: "political 'ticket splitting' has been on the rise... voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress." Congress is a legislative body, here "races for Congress" means races for congressional offices/seats. Parallel: "races for president" means races for the office of president. So sense 6 (office) fits. "popular vote for president" can be vote for the office. Example for sense 6: "a President is elected every four years". That strongly matches election context.
Need return JSON {"sense_index": 6}. Ensure only JSON.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: presidential
Target surface form: presidential
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every <t>presidential</t> election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=presidential%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to a president or presidency | examples=presidential aides; presidential veto
2. sense_key=presidential%3:00:00:: | definition=befitting a president | examples=criticized the candidate for not looking presidential

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer WSD for 'presidential'. Candidate senses: 1 relating to a president or presidency (presidential aides; presidential veto). 2 befitting a president (looked presidential). Context: 'presidential election', 'presidential candidacy'. The phrase 'presidential election' means election of a president, relating to presidency. sense 1. Must output JSON with sense_index. Since indexed senses as listed 1 and 2, choose 1. No explanation.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: election
Target surface form: election
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential <t>election</t> over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=election%1:04:01:: | definition=a vote to select the winner of a position or political office | examples=the results of the election will be announced tonight
2. sense_key=election%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of selecting someone or something; the exercise of deliberate choice | examples=her election of medicine as a profession
3. sense_key=election%1:26:00:: | definition=the status or fact of being elected | examples=they celebrated his election
4. sense_key=election%1:09:00:: | definition=the predestination of some individuals as objects of divine mercy (especially as conceived by Calvinists)

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "election" in the given context. I need to choose from 4 candidate senses.

Context analysis: The sentence is "In every presidential <t>election</t> over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress."

The phrase is "presidential election" - this is referring to a vote/event where a president is selected. It talks about percentages of popular vote, comparing across time, and refers to years (1948, past half century).

Sense 1: "a vote to select the winner of a position or political office" - examples: "the results of the election will be announced tonight"
This fits "presidential election" perfectly - it's a vote to select the president (political office).

Sense 2: "the act of selecting someone or something; the exercise of deliberate choice" - examples: "her election of medicine as a profession"
This is a more general sense, not specifically about voting. Doesn't fit.

Sense 3: "the status or fact of being elected" - examples: "they celebrated his election"
This refers to the state of having been elected, not the event of voting. "Presidential election" doesn't mean the status of being elected.

Sense 4: "the predestination of some individuals as objects of divine mercy" - theological sense, completely irrelevant.

So the best sense is sense 1.

The user asks to return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}. I should return {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: past
Target surface form: past
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the <t>past</t> half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=past%3:00:00:: | definition=earlier than the present time; no longer current | examples=time past; his youth is past
2. sense_key=past%5:00:00:outgoing:00 | definition=of a person who has held and relinquished a position or office | synonyms=preceding, retiring | examples=a retiring member of the board

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze this carefully.

Target: past (surface form: past)
Context: "In every presidential election over the past half century..."

The phrase "the past half century" refers to the preceding/last 50 years, i.e., a period earlier than the present time but extending up to now. This is a temporal use of "past" meaning "earlier than the present time; no longer current" - sense key past%3:00:00::.

Sense 5:00:00 is for people who have held and relinquished a position or office, like "a retiring member of the board". This doesn't fit here.

The temporal sense 3:00:00 perfectly fits "the past half century" - referring to the previous 50 years before now.

So the answer should be sense index1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: presidential
Target surface form: presidential
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater <t>presidential</t> candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=presidential%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to a president or presidency | examples=presidential aides; presidential veto
2. sense_key=presidential%3:00:00:: | definition=befitting a president | examples=criticized the candidate for not looking presidential

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 Let me analyze the word "presidential" in this context.

The target word is "presidential" in the phrase "Goldwater presidential candidacy".

Candidate senses:
1. presidential%3:01:00:: - relating to a president or presidency; examples: presidential aides; presidential veto
2. presidential%3:00:00:: - befitting a president; examples: criticized the candidate for not looking presidential

The context is about Goldwater's candidacy for president. "Presidential candidacy" means a candidacy for the presidency - relating to the office of president/presidency.

Sense 1: "relating to a president or presidency" - This fits "presidential candidacy" as a candidacy relating to the presidency.

Sense 2: "befitting a president" - This would mean a candidacy that is dignified or looks presidential, behaves in a manner befitting a president. This doesn't fit well here.

The phrase "Goldwater presidential candidacy" refers to Barry Goldwater's candidacy for the office of president (the presidency). So sense 1 "relating to a president or presidency" is the correct sense.

The answer should be JSON: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: percentage
Target surface form: percentage
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater <t>percentage</t> of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=percentage%1:24:00:: | definition=a proportion in relation to a whole (which is usually the amount per hundred) | synonyms=percent, per centum, pct
2. sense_key=percentage%1:21:00:: | definition=assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=share, portion, part | examples=he wanted his share in cash

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer JSON with sense_index. Need choose between two senses for "percentage" in context. Context: "the GOP has captured a greater <t>percentage</t> of the major-party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress." This is proportion in relation to a whole (per hundred). Sense 1. Not share/assets. So index 1. Return only JSON.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: major
Target surface form: major
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the <t>major</t> - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=major%3:00:06:: | definition=of greater importance or stature or rank | examples=a major artist; a major role
2. sense_key=major%3:00:02:: | definition=greater in scope or effect | examples=a major contribution; a major improvement
3. sense_key=major%3:00:01:: | definition=greater in number or size or amount | examples=a major portion (a majority) of the population; Ursa Major
4. sense_key=major%3:00:05:: | definition=of the field of academic study in which one concentrates or specializes | examples=his major field was mathematics
5. sense_key=major%3:00:04:: | definition=of a scale or mode | examples=major scales; the key of D major
6. sense_key=major%3:00:07:: | definition=of greater seriousness or danger | examples=a major earthquake; a major hurricane
7. sense_key=major%3:00:03:: | definition=of full legal age
8. sense_key=major%5:00:00:senior:00 | definition=of the elder of two boys with the same family name | examples=Jones major

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need choose best indexed sense for "major" in phrase "the major-party popular vote for president". Target lemma major, surface form major. Context: political analysis, "the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the <t>major</t> - party popular vote for president". Phrase "major-party popular vote" likely meaning major parties i.e., the two main/major parties. Major here: of greater importance or rank? Or of greater scope? Let's examine candidate senses.

Definitions:
1. of greater importance or stature or rank (major artist, major role)
2. greater in scope or effect (major contribution, major improvement)
3. greater in number or size or amount (a major portion (a majority) of the population; Ursa Major)
4. academic field
5. scale/mode
6. serious/danger
7. legal age
8. elder of two boys with same family name

In phrase "major-party popular vote" meaning popular vote for the major parties (Democratic and Republican) as opposed to third-party candidates. Here major means the main/important/ranking political parties. It could be sense 1 "of greater importance or stature or rank". But is there a sense indicating main/principal? WordNet major adjective senses include: important, significant, large, adult, etc. "Major-party" as a modifier uses "major" meaning 'significant' or 'principal', likely sense 1.

However, "major-party" may be understood as parties of greater importance. Sense 1 has examples "a major artist; a major role". Major role vs minor role. In politics, major party vs minor party: major has sense 1? WordNet adjective sense 1: of greater importance or stature or rank. Synonyms? It maps to sense key major%3:00:06::. There may be awn sense "major" = having or deserving wide recognition as noteworthy. But here not in list. Choose from provided candidates. The most similar is sense 1.

Could it be sense 3 "greater in number or size or amount"? "Major portion, Ursa Major". Major party could mean party with majority/large following? But phrase "major-party popular vote" is not about amount of vote, it's about major parties (parties with importance). Could also be sense 2 "greater in scope or effect". However, standard dictionary: major party n. one of the two main US political parties. Major = more important. So sense 1.

We need return JSON {"sense_index": 1}. Ensure only JSON.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: party
Target surface form: party
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - <t>party</t> popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=party%1:14:01:: | definition=an organization to gain political power | synonyms=political party | examples=in 1992 Perot tried to organize a third party at the national level
2. sense_key=party%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of people gathered together for pleasure | examples=she joined the party after dinner
3. sense_key=party%1:14:02:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=company | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
4. sense_key=party%1:11:00:: | definition=an occasion on which people can assemble for social interaction and entertainment | examples=he planned a party to celebrate Bastille Day
5. sense_key=party%1:18:00:: | definition=a person involved in legal proceedings | examples=the party of the first part

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer JSON only. Need determine sense index for "party" in context. The target surface "major-party popular vote". Here "party" used adjectivally in compound "major-party"? Actually phrase "major-party popular vote" means vote for major parties. The sense of party as political organization (definition an organization to gain political power; synonyms political party). Candidate sense 1 = party%1:14:01:: political party. The context: major - <t>party</t> popular vote for president, comparing GOP etc. So party refers to political party. Index 1. Need return exactly {"sense_index": 1}. Ensure no extra text despite user instructions.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: popular
Target surface form: popular
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party <t>popular</t> vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=popular%3:00:00:: | definition=regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public | examples=a popular tourist attraction; a popular girl
2. sense_key=popular%5:00:00:democratic:00 | definition=carried on by or for the people (or citizens) at large | examples=the popular vote; popular representation
3. sense_key=popular%5:00:01:common:01 | definition=representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large | synonyms=democratic | examples=democratic art forms; a democratic or popular movement
4. sense_key=popular%5:00:00:nonclassical:00 | definition=(of music or art) new and of general appeal (especially among young people) | synonyms=pop

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 Let me analyze the target word "popular" in context.

The phrase is "popular vote for president" - this is a common collocation. Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. Regarded with great favor/approval by the public - This is the common "liked by many" sense.
2. Carried on by or for the people at large - Example given is "the popular vote; popular representation"
3. Representing/appealing to the people at large - Synonym democratic
4. Of music or art, new and general appeal - Pop music sense

The context is clearly about elections and voting. The specific phrase is "popular vote" - which is a technical election term meaning the vote of the people as a whole, as opposed to electoral college votes.

Sense 2 explicitly includes the example "the popular vote; popular representation" and has the definition "carried on by or for the people (or citizens) at large."

Sense 3 is about representing/appealing to people, which is somewhat related but more about movements or art forms being democratic.

The exact collocation "popular vote" maps most directly to sense 2.

So the answer should be sense_index: 2.