[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: whole
Target surface form: whole
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The <t>whole</t> notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=whole%3:00:00:: | definition=including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete | examples=gave his whole attention; a whole wardrobe for the tropics
2. sense_key=whole%3:00:02:: | definition=(of siblings) having the same parents | examples=whole brothers and sisters
3. sense_key=whole%5:00:00:uninjured:00 | definition=not injured | synonyms=unharmed, unhurt, unscathed
4. sense_key=whole%5:00:00:healthy:00 | definition=exhibiting or restored to vigorous good health | synonyms=hale | examples=hale and hearty; whole in mind and body
5. sense_key=whole%5:00:00:undiversified:00 | definition=acting together as a single undiversified whole | synonyms=solid, unanimous | examples=a solid voting bloc

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform word sense disambiguation for the word "whole" in the given context. I need to choose the best indexed sense and return only a JSON object like {"sense_index": 3}.

Let me analyze the context:
"The whole notion of 'creativity' in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction..."

The word "whole" here modifies "notion" and means the entire/complete notion. It's functioning as an adjective emphasizing totality or completeness.

Let me look at the candidate senses:
1. including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete - examples: "gave his whole attention; a whole wardrobe for the tropics"
2. (of siblings) having the same parents - this is clearly not relevant
3. not injured - synonyms: unharmed, unhurt, unscathed - not relevant
4. exhibiting or restored to vigorous good health - synonyms: hale - not relevant
5. acting together as a single undiversified whole - synonyms: solid, unanimous - example: "a solid voting bloc"

Sense 1 fits best. "The whole notion" means "the entire/complete notion" or "the full notion" - matching "including all components without exception" and "constituting the full amount or extent." Examples like "gave his whole attention" parallel this usage of "whole" as an intensifier meaning complete/entire.

Sense 5 could be tempting because it's about being undiversified, but the context isn't about a group acting together as a single unit. It's about the entire/completeness of the notion.

The answer should be {"sense_index": 1}.

The user specifically says do not answer with a WordNet sense key, and return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}. So I'll output just that JSON.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: notion
Target surface form: notion
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole <t>notion</t> of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=notion%1:09:02:: | definition=a vague idea in which some confidence is placed | synonyms=impression, feeling, belief, opinion | examples=his impression of her was favorable; what are your feelings about the crisis?
2. sense_key=notion%1:09:00:: | definition=a general inclusive concept
3. sense_key=notion%1:09:01:: | definition=an odd or fanciful or capricious idea | synonyms=whim, whimsy, whimsey | examples=the theatrical notion of disguise is associated with disaster in his stories; he had a whimsy about flying to the moon
4. sense_key=notion%1:06:00:: | definition=(usually plural) small personal articles or clothing or sewing items | examples=buttons and needles are notions

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content: We need answer JSON only. Need choose sense index for "notion" in context. Let's analyze. Target sentence: "The whole notion of 'creativity' in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction..." Here notion refers to concept/idea of creativity in education. Candidate senses: 1 vague idea with confidence (impression, feeling, belief, opinion). 2 general inclusive concept. 3 odd/fanciful/capricious idea (whim). 4 sewing items. Context criticizes romantic rebellion, not necessarily vague idea? "The whole notion of 'creativity' in education" = the entire concept. WordNet notion%1:09:00:: general inclusive concept. But sense 1 also common: "a vague idea in which some confidence is placed". Which fits best? The phrase "whole notion" often means concept. The author says "what do we mean specifically by creativity? No one can say." It ends up equated with self-expression. "The whole notion of 'creativity' in education was part and parcel of a romantic rebellion..." This is about the concept/idea. Sense 2 "a general inclusive concept" seems best. However, sense 1 synonyms include opinion/belief. The notion could be a vague idea. Need decide. Let's inspect WordNet senses. notion noun: 1 a vague idea in which some confidence is placed; "his impression of her was favorable"; "what are your feelings about the crisis?"; "it strengthened my belief in his sincerity"; "I had a feeling that she was lying"; "his guess was as good as mine"; "he had a conviction that his child would be successful" 2 a general inclusive concept 3 an odd or fanciful or capricious idea; "the theatrical notion of disguise is associated with disaster in his stories"; "he had a whimsy about flying to the moon" 4 (usually plural) small personal articles or clothing or sewing items. In WSD datasets, "notion" often sense 2 for "the notion of X" as concept. Example "the whole notion of creativity in education" = concept. The context includes "No one can say" what creativity means, vague. But "whole notion" and "part and parcel of a romantic rebellion" suggests an idea/concept in education. Sense 2 is "general inclusive concept". I think index 2. Need output JSON exactly {"sense_index": 2}. Ensure no extra text.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Cloudflare

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: education
Target surface form: education
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in <t>education</t> was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=education%1:04:00:: | definition=the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill | synonyms=instruction, teaching, pedagogy, didactics, educational activity | examples=he received no formal education; our instruction was carefully programmed
2. sense_key=education%1:09:00:: | definition=knowledge acquired by learning and instruction | examples=it was clear that he had a very broad education
3. sense_key=education%1:09:01:: | definition=the gradual process of acquiring knowledge | examples=education is a preparation for life; a girl's education was less important than a boy's
4. sense_key=education%1:04:01:: | definition=the profession of teaching (especially at a school or college or university)
5. sense_key=education%1:07:01:: | definition=the result of good upbringing (especially knowledge of correct social behavior) | synonyms=training, breeding | examples=a woman of breeding and refinement
6. sense_key=education%1:14:00:: | definition=the United States federal department that administers all federal programs dealing with education (including federal aid to educational institutions and students); created 1979 | synonyms=Department of Education, Education Department

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform word sense disambiguation for the word "education" in context. I need to choose the best sense from the candidate senses provided and return a JSON object with the sense index.

Let me analyze the context:
"The whole notion of 'creativity' in <t>education</t> was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as 'authoritarian,' a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children."

Here, "education" refers to the field/system/activity of teaching/instruction in schools. The phrase "creativity in education" and the contrast with "disciplined instruction" suggests it's about the activities of educating or instructing.

Candidate senses:
1. education%1:04:00:: - the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill (synonyms: instruction, teaching, pedagogy, didactics, educational activity)
2. education%1:09:00:: - knowledge acquired by learning and instruction
3. education%1:09:01:: - the gradual process of acquiring knowledge
4. education%1:04:01:: - the profession of teaching (especially at a school or college or university)
5. education%1:07:01:: - the result of good upbringing (especially knowledge of correct social behavior)
6. education%1:14:00:: - the United States federal department that administers all federal programs dealing with education

The context is talking about "creativity in education" as a concept/movement within the field of teaching/learning. It's about teaching methods/approaches in schools.

Sense 1: "the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill" - This seems closest. Education as the activity/instruction process.
Sense 3: "the gradual process of acquiring knowledge" - This is the process of the student learning, not the educational system.
Sense 4: "the profession of teaching" - More focused on the career/profession.

The phrase "creativity in education" most naturally means creativity in the activities of educating/instructing, in teaching practices. The author is criticizing how the concept of creativity has influenced teaching.

Looking at the examples in sense 1: "he received no formal education; our instruction was carefully programmed" - the second example "our instruction" aligns with the idea of education as instruction/activities.

The phrase "in education" in this context refers to within the realm of teaching and schooling. This matches sense 1 best.

Actually, comparing sense 1 and sense 3:
Sense 1: activities of educating or instructing (what teachers/schools do)
Sense 3: gradual process of acquiring knowledge (what students do)

The context talks about "elementary schools" encouraging creativity and "disciplined instruction" being part of education. So it's about the activities/process of schooling/teaching, which is sense 1.

The answer should be sense index 1.

provider: Ambient


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: romantic
Target surface form: romantic
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a <t>romantic</t> rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=romantic%3:01:00:: | definition=belonging to or characteristic of Romanticism or the Romantic Movement in the arts | synonyms=romanticist, romanticistic | examples=romantic poetry
2. sense_key=romantic%5:00:01:loving:00 | definition=expressive of or exciting sexual love or romance | synonyms=amatory, amorous | examples=her amatory affairs; amorous glances
3. sense_key=romantic%5:00:00:impractical:00 | definition=not sensible about practical matters; idealistic and unrealistic | synonyms=quixotic, wild-eyed | examples=as quixotic as a restoration of medieval knighthood; a romantic disregard for money

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need answer JSON only. Need choose sense. Context: "romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction" and "romantic extravagance". It describes creativity in education as part of romantic rebellion, idealistic, unrealistic, impractical? Also could be Romanticism (capital R) movement? The text says rebellion against disciplined instruction regarded as authoritarian, repression of latent talents... This aligns with Romantic movement in arts/education? But target lemma romantic lowercase. Candidate 1: belonging to or characteristic of Romanticism or the Romantic Movement in the arts. Candidate 3: not sensible about practical matters; idealistic and unrealistic. The phrase "romantic rebellion" could be a rebellion characterized by romantic ideals (Romanticism) against disciplined instruction. However the surrounding "romantic extravagance" and critique of self-expression/self-esteem suggests sense 3: impractical, idealistic, unrealistic. Need decide single best.

Let's analyze. The passage: "The whole notion of 'creativity' in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as 'authoritarian,' a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive."

"romantic rebellion" here likely means an idealistic, unrealistic rebellion, not necessarily the historical Romantic Movement. The author is criticizing it as "extravagance" and linked to ignorance. Synonyms quixotic, wild-eyed. Candidate 3 examples: "a romantic disregard for money". The context is about impractical idealism. Candidate 1 would refer to Romanticism movement in arts; examples romantic poetry. The passage is about education philosophy, not arts movement, though Romanticism historically valued emotion/nature over reason. But the specific sense in WordNet for "romantic" as an adjective: sense 1 is "belonging to or characteristic of Romanticism or the Romantic Movement in the arts". This is a specific historical/cultural movement. The text's "romantic rebellion" could be lower-case and not specifically arts. The phrase "romantic extravagance" strongly matches sense 3. Also the target surface form is "romantic" in "a romantic rebellion" and "this romantic extravagance". Both likely same sense. The author uses it pejoratively to mean unrealistic, impractical. So best sense is 3.

Need output JSON exactly {"sense_index": 3}. Ensure no extra text.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rebellion
Target surface form: rebellion
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic <t>rebellion</t> against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rebellion%1:04:01:: | definition=refusal to accept some authority or code or convention | examples=each generation must have its own rebellion; his body was in rebellion against fatigue
2. sense_key=rebellion%1:04:00:: | definition=organized opposition to authority; a conflict in which one faction tries to wrest control from another | synonyms=insurrection, revolt, rising, uprising

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need choose sense for target 'rebellion' in context. Candidate senses: 1. refusal to accept some authority or code or convention; examples each generation must have its own rebellion; his body was in rebellion against fatigue. 2. organized opposition to authority; conflict wrest control; synonyms insurrection etc.
Context: "romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was regarded as authoritarian, a repression..." This is a rebellion against authority/convention, not necessarily organized violent opposition. It is a romantic movement/refusal to accept authority/code/convention. Therefore sense 1 is best. We need output JSON {"sense_index": 1}. Ensure only JSON object.

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: disciplined
Target surface form: disciplined
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against <t>disciplined</t> instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=disciplined%5:00:00:controlled:00 | definition=obeying the rules
2. sense_key=disciplined%5:00:00:trained:00 | definition=trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise | examples=the beautiful coordination of his disciplined muscles; a disciplined mind

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with JSON {"sense_index": ?}. Need choose between two senses for "disciplined" in context: "disciplined instruction". Context: romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, regarded as authoritarian, repression. The phrase means instruction that is controlled, follows rules, strict. Candidate 1: obeying the rules. Candidate 2: trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise; examples muscles, mind. Here "disciplined instruction" likely instruction that is strict, controlled, rule-bound. Sense 1 fits. Need output only JSON.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: instruction
Target surface form: instruction
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined <t>instruction</t>, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=instruction%1:10:04:: | definition=a message describing how something is to be done | synonyms=direction | examples=he gave directions faster than she could follow them
2. sense_key=instruction%1:04:01:: | definition=the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill | synonyms=education, teaching, pedagogy, didactics, educational activity | examples=he received no formal education; our instruction was carefully programmed
3. sense_key=instruction%1:04:00:: | definition=the profession of a teacher | synonyms=teaching, pedagogy | examples=he prepared for teaching while still in college; pedagogy is recognized as an important profession
4. sense_key=instruction%1:10:02:: | definition=(computer science) a line of code written as part of a computer program | synonyms=command, statement, program line

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer only JSON with sense_index. Need choose single best indexed sense. Word sense disambiguation of "instruction" in context: "disciplined instruction" romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, contrast with creativity self-expression in education. "part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction" -> instruction as the activity/process of educating/teaching. Candidates: 1. message describing how something is done (directions) 2. activities of educating or instructing; impart knowledge/skill (education, teaching) 3. profession of teacher 4. computer science. Context is about elementary schools, education, teachers, discipline. Phrase "disciplined instruction" means disciplined teaching/education, not profession itself though related. Best is sense 2 (index in list: sense_key instruction%1:04:01:: definition activities...). Need return JSON {"sense_index": 2}. Ensure no extra text.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: authoritarian
Target surface form: authoritarian
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "<t>authoritarian</t>, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=authoritarian%5:00:00:undemocratic:00 | definition=characteristic of an absolute ruler or absolute rule; having absolute sovereignty | synonyms=autocratic, dictatorial, despotic, tyrannic, tyrannical | examples=an authoritarian regime; autocratic government
2. sense_key=authoritarian%5:00:00:domineering:00 | definition=expecting unquestioning obedience | synonyms=dictatorial, overbearing | examples=the timid child of authoritarian parents; insufferably overbearing behavior toward the waiter

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with JSON only. Need choose sense index. Let's analyze context. Target word "authoritarian" in sentence: "The whole notion of 'creativity' in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as '<t>authoritarian</t>, ' a repression and frustration of the latent talents..." Disciplined instruction is regarded as authoritarian. Is this sense 1 (characteristic of absolute ruler/rule; undemocratic) or sense 2 (expecting unquestioning obedience; domineering)? The phrase "disciplined instruction" in education, parents view as authoritarian = expecting unquestioning obedience, overbearing, dictatorial. Examples: "the timid child of authoritarian parents". This fits educational/parenting context. Sense 1 examples regimes/government. The context is about schools/instruction, not absolute sovereignty. So best sense is 2. Need return JSON {"sense_index": 2}. Ensure only JSON.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: repression
Target surface form: repression
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a <t>repression</t> and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=repression%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of forcible subjugation | examples=the long repression of Christian sects
2. sense_key=repression%1:22:00:: | definition=(psychiatry) the classical defense mechanism that protects you from impulses or ideas that would cause anxiety by preventing them from becoming conscious
3. sense_key=repression%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of repressing; control by holding down | examples=his goal was the repression of insolence

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need perform Word Sense Disambiguation for target lemma "repression", surface form repression, in provided context. Candidate senses are 1,2,3 with definitions. Need choose single best.

Let's analyze context carefully.

Text: "The whole notion of "creativity" in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian," a <repression> and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children."

The target occurs in phrase: "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and ... potentialities". It's parallel to "frustration": something that represses/frustrates talents. "disciplined instruction ... regarded as authoritarian, a repression and frustration of ... talents/potentialities." Here repression is used as a noun naming an action/concept: the act of repressing (control by holding down) latent talents. Candidate 3 definition: "the act of repressing; control by holding down; examples: his goal was the repression of insolence". Candidate 1: "a state of forcible subjugation; examples: the long repression of Christian sects" - that is a state, not an act. In context, instruction is seen as an act of repressing. Candidate 2: psychiatric defense mechanism - not relevant.

Need consider whether sense 3 or 1 best. WordNet sense keys: repression%1:26:00:: is noun.state probably. %1:22:00:: is noun.process? Actually psychiatry defense mechanism is noun.process? Let's recall WordNet. Repression noun has three senses: 1 a state of forcible subjugation? Wait perhaps senses: noun.act vs noun.state? Need check.

WordNet repression:
- S: (n) repression (a state of forcible subjugation)
  direct hypernym: subjugation, subjection
  examples "the long repression of Christian sects"
- S: (n) repression ((psychiatry) the classical defense mechanism that protects you from impulses or ideas that would cause anxiety by preventing them from becoming conscious; also called suppression)
- S: (n) repression (the act of repressing; control by holding down)
  hypernym control, restaint.

Actually typical order may be state, psychiatry, act. The keys: 1:26 is noun state? WN lexicographer classes: %1:26 maybe noun state? But they all map. The third %1:04 is noun act.

Which is appropriate? The surface in context "a repression and frustration of the latent talents" -> meaning "repressing" talents. That's act of repressing. So sense_index 3.

Need return only JSON object exactly {"sense_index": 3}. No explanation. The user wants only JSON object. We must output exactly. Already system instruction says return only JSON exactly like.

Therefore final: {"sense_index": 3}

But let's double-check "a repression and frustration" could mean "a repressive action" or "a state of subjugation". It says disciplined instruction was "authoritarian, a repression and frustration of latent talents". "Repression of Christian sects" example refers to persecution, state. But here it's an act of repressing talents. The example for sense 3: "his goal was the repression of insolence". The repression of talents matches sense 3. final.

provider: Together


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: frustration
Target surface form: frustration
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and <t>frustration</t> of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=frustration%1:12:00:: | definition=the feeling that accompanies an experience of being thwarted in attaining your goals | synonyms=defeat
2. sense_key=frustration%1:04:02:: | definition=an act of hindering someone's plans or efforts | synonyms=thwarting, foiling
3. sense_key=frustration%1:12:01:: | definition=a feeling of annoyance at being hindered or criticized | examples=her constant complaints were the main source of his frustration

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need respond with JSON {"sense_index": X}. We need choose best indexed sense for frustration in context.

We need think carefully. Target lemma frustration, surface form frustration. Context: disciplined instruction was regarded as "authoritarian," a repression and frustration of the latent talents and ... potentialities inherent in souls of children.

We're performing fine-grained WSD. Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=frustration%1:12:00:: definition=the feeling that accompanies an experience of being thwarted in attaining your goals | synonyms=defeat. Event/feeling? WordNet sense? 1:12 noun:Tops? Actually %1:12:00 is feeling? 1:12 = nouns denoting feelings and emotions. Definition: the feeling that accompanies an experience of being thwarted.
2. sense_key=frustration%1:04:02:: definition=an act of hindering someone's plans or efforts | synonyms=thwarting, foiling. Noun act.
3. sense_key=frustration%1:12:01:: definition=a feeling of annoyance at being hindered or criticized | examples=her constant complaints were the main source of his frustration. Also emotion.

Context: "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children." Here "frustration" is coordinated with "repression" and object of "of the latent talents ... potentialities". It's an act/process by which something is frustrated: instruction frustrates latent talents and potentialities. Not a feeling. So sense 2: an act of hindering someone's plans or efforts seems best. But "latent talents and potentialities" are not exactly plans or efforts; but inanimate targets. Lexically, you can frustrate talents/potentialities = prevent them from being realized. The noun "frustration" in this construction refers to act.

Could sense 1 be possible? Disciplined instruction was (and is) regarded as a repression and frustration [state?] of latent talents... The phrase "a frustration of the latent talents" strongly implies causing frustration. "Frustration" with of-object is usually act: "frustration of X". WordNet listing sense 2 synonyms thwarting/foiling. The object X is the latent talents and potentialities being hindered. Yes.

Sense 3 feeling of annoyance at being hindered/criticized: this applies to a person's emotion from being frustrated, and example shows "his frustration". Not relevant.

Therefore sense_index: 2. We output only JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}, so {"sense_index": 2}.

Check instructions: Do not answer with sense key. Return only JSON object. So final answer just JSON. Ensure no extra.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: latent
Target surface form: latent
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the <t>latent</t> talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=latent%5:00:00:potential:00 | definition=potentially existing but not presently evident or realized | examples=a latent fingerprint; latent talent
2. sense_key=latent%5:00:00:inactive:02 | definition=(pathology) not presently active | examples=latent infection; latent diabetes

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "latent" in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
- The sentence talks about "latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children"
- "latent talents" = talents that exist but are not yet visible or realized
- The context is about education, creativity, children's potential

Now let me look at the two candidate senses:
1. "potentially existing but not presently evident or realized" - examples: latent fingerprint; latent talent
2. "(pathology) not presently active" - examples: latent infection; latent diabetes

Sense 1 is clearly the match because:
- The sentence explicitly mentions "latent talents"
- Sense 1's example is literally "latent talent"
- Sense 2 is medical/pathological context, which is irrelevant here
- The phrase is about "latent talents and...potentialities" which maps to "potentially existing but not presently evident or realized"

The answer should be a JSON object: {"sense_index": 1}

I need to return only the JSON object, no explanation.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: talent
Target surface form: talents
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent <t>talents</t> and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=talent%1:09:00:: | definition=natural abilities or qualities | synonyms=endowment, gift, natural endowment
2. sense_key=talent%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who possesses unusual innate ability in some field or activity

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze this carefully.

Target word: "talents" in context about creativity in education

Context: "the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children"

Candidate senses:
1. talent%1:09:00:: = natural abilities or qualities (synonyms: endowment, gift, natural endowment)
2. talent%1:18:00:: = a person who possesses unusual innate ability

In the sentence: "latent talents" - this is clearly referring to natural abilities or qualities inherent in children, not to people (the children themselves). The phrase "latent talents and... potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children" treats talents as abilities/qualities that children possess, not as people.

Also, "talents" is plural. Sense 2 would refer to a person/people. Sense 1 refers to abilities/qualities which can be plural.

The answer is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: yet
Target surface form: yet
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as <t>yet</t> undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=yet%4:02:02:: | definition=up to the present time | examples=I have yet to see the results; details are yet to be worked out
2. sense_key=yet%4:02:04:: | definition=used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time | synonyms=so far, thus far, up to now, hitherto, heretofore, as yet | examples=So far he hasn't called; the sun isn't up yet
3. sense_key=yet%4:02:03:: | definition=to a greater degree or extent; used with comparisons | synonyms=even, still | examples=looked sick and felt even worse; an even (or still) more interesting problem
4. sense_key=yet%4:02:00:: | definition=within an indefinite time or at an unspecified future time | synonyms=in time | examples=he longed for the flowers that were yet to show themselves; sooner or later you will have to face the facts
5. sense_key=yet%4:02:05:: | definition=used after a superlative | synonyms=so far | examples=this is the best so far; the largest drug bust yet
6. sense_key=yet%4:02:06:: | definition=despite anything to the contrary (usually following a concession) | synonyms=however, nevertheless, withal, still, all the same, even so | examples=although I'm a little afraid, however I'd like to try it; while we disliked each other, nevertheless we agreed

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need perform Word Sense Disambiguation for lemma yet target surface in context phrase "as <t>yet</t> undefined". We need choose single best indexed sense among candidates. The instructions: do not answer with WordNet sense key; return JSON {"sense_index": ...}. Need ensure choose correct index matching candidates listed. The candidates listed are:
1. yet%4:02:02:: up to present time examples I have yet to see results; details are yet to be worked out
2. yet%4:02:04:: used in negative statement to describe situation existed up to this point/present; synonyms so far etc examples So far he hasn't called; sun isn't up yet
3. yet%4:02:03:: to greater degree/even/still examples
4. yet%4:02:00:: within indefinite time/unspecified future; in time; examples flowers yet to show themselves; sooner or later
5. yet%4:02:05:: after superlative; so far; examples best so far; largest drug bust yet
6. yet%4:02:06:: despite anything contrary; however etc.
Context phrase: "the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities". Candidate "as yet undefined" means "up to now undefined", "so far undefined". "As yet" is an adverb phrase synonymous with so far, up to now. In WordNet, the sense key for "as yet" likely sense 2 or 4. Let's examine each.
Sense 2 definition: used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time. Examples "So far he hasn't called; the sun isn't up yet". That fits "as yet undefined" -> negative/negatively connoted statement describing situation up to now. But also sense 4: within an indefinite time or unspecified future time; examples: he longed for the flowers that were yet to show themselves; sooner or later. In "as yet undefined", meaning haven't defined yet; might align with sense 2 because of "as yet" synonym so far. However there is a candidate 1: up to the present time, examples "I have yet to see the results; details are yet to be worked out". Candidate 1 is not specifically negative, more "so far", "still", e.g., "I have yet to see". "Undefined" is adjective negated by prefix; could fit "potentialities are as yet undefined". The example "I have yet to see the results" similar construction: have yet to + verb. But "as yet undefined" as adjective phrase, "as yet" modifies "undefined"? phrase "as yet undefined" = "undefined up to the present time". The synonyms so far/hitherto are listed under sense 2 and maybe sense 5 after superlative. The phrase "as yet" is listed as synset? WordNet adverb sense for "yet":
WN senses for "yet" adv:
S1 up to the present time; "I have yet to see the results"; "details are yet to be worked out" (adverb)
S2 used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time; "So far he hasn't called"; "the sun isn't up yet" (includes as yet? Let's check WordNet: 'yet' adverb synset 00253846-r: so far, thus far, up to now, hitherto, heretofore, as yet, yet, til now, until now. Definition: used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time. Example: "So far he hasn't called"; "the sun isn't up yet".
S3 to a greater degree or extent; used with comparisons; "looked sick and felt even worse" (even, yet, still)
S4 within an indefinite time or at an unspecified future time; "he longed for the flowers that were yet to show themselves" (in time, yet)
S5 used after superlative; "this is the best so far"; "the largest drug bust yet" (so far, yet)
S6 despite anything to the contrary (usually preceding a concession); "although I'm a little afraid, however I'd like to try it"; "while we disliked each other, nevertheless we agreed" (however, nevertheless, withal, still, yet, all the same, even so).
In context "as yet undefined", the target is preceded by "as". The multiword adverb "as yet" belongs to sense 2 synonyms include 'as yet'. It is used in negative statement? "undefined" is negative in meaning. So likely sense 2. However the instruction says choose single best indexed sense. We need return index matching candidate list: sense 2.
Need final only JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 2}.
But let's think deeply: Are there any concerns that candidate 1 is "up to the present time" and examples include "I have yet to see the results"; details are yet to be worked out". This sense is perhaps the same as S1, which may be used in "as yet"? Actually WordNet S1 and S2 are subtle. S1 definition: "up to the present time; 'I have yet to see the results'". S2: "used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time; 'So far he hasn't called'". "undefined" means not defined (negative). "as yet" listed as synonym of sense 2. Therefore answer is 2.
However the candidate labels: 1 is sense_key yet%4:02:02::. 2 is yet%4:02:04::. The sense_key offset corresponds to sense order index. "yet%4:02:04::" is the as yet/so far sense. So sense_index 2.
Let's verify by potential context: "wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities". Means wonderful potentialities, though they have not been defined up to now. The phrase "as yet" is specifically in the candidate 2 synonyms. So answer 2.
Need to output only JSON. No additional text.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: potentiality
Target surface form: potentialities
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, <t>potentialities</t> inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=potentiality%1:26:00:: | definition=the inherent capacity for coming into being | synonyms=potential, potency
2. sense_key=potentiality%1:09:00:: | definition=an aptitude that may be developed | synonyms=capability, capableness

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer JSON with sense_index. Need choose between 1 and 2. Target 'potentialities' in context: 'latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children'. Synonyms: potential, potency vs capability, capableness. Potentialities inherent in souls, latent talents. The phrase 'inherent capacity for coming into being' fits: inherent capacity in all children. 'an aptitude that may be developed' is a skill/capability. Here it's more general potential, not aptitude. So sense 1. Return JSON {"sense_index":1}.

provider: Moonshot AI


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: inherent
Target surface form: inherent
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities <t>inherent</t> in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=inherent%5:00:00:intrinsic:00 | definition=existing as an essential constituent or characteristic | synonyms=built-in, constitutional, inbuilt, integral | examples=the Ptolemaic system with its built-in concept of periodicity; a constitutional inability to tell the truth
2. sense_key=inherent%5:00:00:implicit:00 | definition=in the nature of something though not readily apparent | synonyms=implicit in, underlying | examples=shortcomings inherent in our approach; an underlying meaning

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need choose between two senses of "inherent" in context. The target: "the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children." It's saying potentialities existing as essential constituent/characteristic in souls of children? Or implicit? Sense 1: existing as an essential constituent or characteristic; synonyms built-in, constitutional, inbuilt, integral. Sense 2: in the nature of something though not readily apparent; implicit in, underlying; examples shortcomings inherent in our approach; an underlying meaning.

The phrase "potentialities inherent in the souls" often uses inherent as intrinsic, existing as an essential part. Potentialities are natural qualities belonging to the soul. The gloss "existing as an essential constituent or characteristic" fits. Sense 2 emphasizes something not readily apparent, underlying meaning, implicit. Here "undefined potentialities" are as yet undefined but inherent: their essence is part of the children's souls. This matches sense 1. So index 1.

Need return JSON only.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: soul
Target surface form: souls
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the <t>souls</t> of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=soul%1:18:00:: | definition=the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life | synonyms=psyche
2. sense_key=soul%1:03:00:: | definition=a human being | synonyms=person, individual, someone, somebody, mortal | examples=there was too much for one person to do
3. sense_key=soul%1:12:00:: | definition=deep feeling or emotion | synonyms=soulfulness
4. sense_key=soul%1:04:00:: | definition=the human embodiment of something | examples=the soul of honor
5. sense_key=soul%1:10:00:: | definition=a secular form of gospel that was a major Black musical genre in the 1960s and 1970s | examples=soul was politically significant during the Civil Rights movement

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with JSON object {"sense_index": X}. Need do WSD for "souls" in context. The phrase: "potentialities inherent in the <t>souls</t> of all our children." Candidates: 1 immaterial part of person; 2 human being; 3 deep feeling; 4 human embodiment; 5 music genre. In context: "latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children." Soul here refers to spiritual/immaterial inner being of children. Romantic notion of inner self, not a person (not "a human being" as generic). So best sense 1. Need return JSON only with sense_index:1. Also note target surface form souls plural, sense 1 is immaterial part. Yes.

provider: Parasail


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: child
Target surface form: children
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our <t>children</t>. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=child%1:18:00:: | definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
2. sense_key=child%1:18:01:: | definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=kid | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
3. sense_key=child%1:18:06:: | definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=baby | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
4. sense_key=child%1:18:07:: | definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need perform WSD for "children" target lemma child. Context: "... latent talents and ... inherent in the souls of all our children." This use refers to offspring of parents, not necessarily young person. Let's examine senses:
1. young person of either sex (age-related).
2. human offspring (son or daughter) of any age.
3. immature childish person.
4. member of clan/tribe (children of Israel).
Here phrase "all our children" as collective offspring (members of society? nation's children?). It parallels "parents" and speaks of "our children" as offspring. In education context, are children of American parents, elementary schools encouraging creativity in children. So best sense is 2: a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age. The phrase "souls of all our children" uses offspring sense. Need output JSON {"sense_index": 2} only.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: parent
Target surface form: parents
Context:
But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that <t>parents</t> find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=parent%1:18:00:: | definition=a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian
2. sense_key=parent%1:03:00:: | definition=an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The task is Word Sense Disambiguation for the target lemma "parent" with surface form "parents" in the given context. We need choose the single best indexed sense. Candidate senses: sense 1 = human father or mother, guardian; sense 2 = organism from which younger ones are obtained, biological parent. Context: "It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education..." This clearly refers to human parents, not biological organisms generally. So sense_index= 1. Need return JSON exactly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: find
Target surface form: find
Context:
But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents <t>find</t> this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=find%2:40:02:: | definition=come upon, as if by accident; meet with | synonyms=happen, chance, bump, encounter | examples=We find this idea in Plato; I happened upon the most wonderful bakery not very far from here
2. sense_key=find%2:39:02:: | definition=discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of | synonyms=detect, observe, discover, notice | examples=She detected high levels of lead in her drinking water; We found traces of lead in the paint
3. sense_key=find%2:40:00:: | definition=come upon after searching; find the location of something that was missed or lost | synonyms=regain | examples=Did you find your glasses?; I cannot find my gloves!
4. sense_key=find%2:32:00:: | definition=establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study | synonyms=determine, find out, ascertain | examples=find the product of two numbers; The physicist who found the elusive particle won the Nobel Prize
5. sense_key=find%2:31:10:: | definition=come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds | synonyms=feel | examples=I feel that he doesn't like me; I find him to be obnoxious
6. sense_key=find%2:39:01:: | definition=perceive or be contemporaneous with | synonyms=witness, see | examples=We found Republicans winning the offices; You'll see a lot of cheating in this school
7. sense_key=find%2:40:01:: | definition=get something or somebody for a specific purpose | synonyms=line up, get hold, come up | examples=I found this gadget that will serve as a bottle opener; I got hold of these tools to fix our plumbing
8. sense_key=find%2:36:00:: | definition=make a discovery, make a new finding | synonyms=discover | examples=Roentgen discovered X-rays; Physicists believe they found a new elementary particle
9. sense_key=find%2:31:09:: | definition=make a discovery | synonyms=discover | examples=She found that he had lied to her; The story is false, so far as I can discover
10. sense_key=find%2:40:03:: | definition=obtain through effort or management | examples=She found the time and energy to take care of her aging parents; We found the money to send our sons to college
11. sense_key=find%2:32:01:: | definition=decide on and make a declaration about | synonyms=rule | examples=find someone guilty
12. sense_key=find%2:30:00:: | definition=receive a specified treatment (abstract) | synonyms=receive, get, obtain, incur | examples=These aspects of civilization do not find expression or receive an interpretation; His movie received a good review
13. sense_key=find%2:39:05:: | definition=perceive oneself to be in a certain condition or place | examples=I found myself in a difficult situation; When he woke up, he found himself in a hospital room
14. sense_key=find%2:40:15:: | definition=get or find back; recover the use of | synonyms=recover, retrieve, regain | examples=She regained control of herself; She found her voice and replied quickly
15. sense_key=find%2:38:10:: | definition=succeed in reaching; arrive at | examples=The arrow found its mark
16. sense_key=find%2:30:13:: | definition=accept and make use of one's personality, abilities, and situation | synonyms=find oneself | examples=My son went to Berkeley to find himself

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need answer JSON. Need choose best sense for "find" in sentence: "It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive."

We need disambiguate find. The structure: parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive. That's a complex object: find + NP + adjective complement (find something attractive). Which sense? WordNet has sense 16 find%2:30:00 receive a specified treatment (abstract) examples: "These aspects of civilization do not find expression or receive an interpretation; His movie received a good review". Not that.

Sense 5 find%2:31:10 come to believe on basis of emotion etc synonyms feel examples "I find him to be obnoxious". That is find + object + predicative adjective/complement. "I find him obnoxious" matches "parents find this romantic extravagance attractive". But our object is "this romantic extravagance" and complement "attractive". So likely sense 5.

But also there is sense 13 perceive oneself... no. Sense 5: come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds; synonyms feel; examples "I feel that he doesn't like me; I find him to be obnoxious". This is exactly small clause find.

Check other senses: sense 2 detect, discover, notice: "find evidence". But here complement attractive not likely. Could be "find this romantic extravagance attractive" = perceive it as attractive. WordNet might categorize as "find" with adjective predicative complement under sense %2:31:10. The example "I find him to be obnoxious" exactly matches.

Need output JSON {"sense_index": 5}. Ensure only JSON.

One nuance: target surface form "find" in context "parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive." It could be sense 5. Another sense 16 maybe "accept and make use..." no.

Potential WN sense 9 "make a discovery" examples "She found that he had lied to her". That is that-clause, not adjective.

Sense 13 "I found myself in a difficult situation" maybe "find something attractive"? No.

Let's consider sense 5 vs sense 16 "receive a specified treatment (abstract)" not applicable because parents are agent.

Sense 15 "The arrow found its mark" no.

Sense 12 "These aspects of civilization do not find expression" = intransitive. Not agent.

Thus index 5.

We must return only JSON object exactly. Ensure no markdown? User says return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}. So output {"sense_index": 5}. Use JSON with sense_index integer.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: romantic
Target surface form: romantic
Context:
But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this <t>romantic</t> extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=romantic%3:01:00:: | definition=belonging to or characteristic of Romanticism or the Romantic Movement in the arts | synonyms=romanticist, romanticistic | examples=romantic poetry
2. sense_key=romantic%5:00:01:loving:00 | definition=expressive of or exciting sexual love or romance | synonyms=amatory, amorous | examples=her amatory affairs; amorous glances
3. sense_key=romantic%5:00:00:impractical:00 | definition=not sensible about practical matters; idealistic and unrealistic | synonyms=quixotic, wild-eyed | examples=as quixotic as a restoration of medieval knighthood; a romantic disregard for money

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need perform WSD for target 'romantic' in context. Need choose single best indexed sense from candidates. Let's examine context.

Sentence: "The whole notion of 'creativity' in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as 'authoritarian,' a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this <t>romantic</t> extravagance so attractive."

Target is `<t>romantic</t>` modifying "extravagance" referred by "this". This romantic extravagance refers to the rebellion notion: (not sensible about practical matters; idealistic and unrealistic). Also negative tone: "ignorance and intellectual incompetence", "good opinion of themselves", rebellion against disciplined instruction, parents find attractive. Aligns with impractical/idealistic/unrealistic sense. Not sexual love. Not Romanticism capital arts movement? It is lowercase? Actually 'romantic rebellion' could be lowercase? The target surface form is "romantic" inside "romantic extravagance" maybe references earlier 'romantic rebellion'. In the passage, 'romantic rebellion' may mean impractical rebellion/idealistic against discipline. The sense candidate 3 is "not sensible about practical matters; idealistic and unrealistic" with synonyms quixotic, wild-eyed. That fits strongly. Sense 1 refers to Romanticism arts. The context is about education, not arts movement. Sense 2 sexual love. So best index 3. Need output JSON {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: so
Target surface form: so
Context:
But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance <t>so</t> attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=so%4:02:02:: | definition=to a very great extent or degree | examples=the idea is so obvious; never been so happy
2. sense_key=so%4:02:06:: | definition=in a manner that facilitates | examples=he observed the snakes so he could describe their behavior; he stooped down so he could pick up his hat
3. sense_key=so%4:02:05:: | definition=in such a condition or manner, especially as expressed or implied | examples=They're happy and I hope they will remain so; so live your life that old age will bring no regrets
4. sense_key=so%4:02:07:: | definition=to a certain unspecified extent or degree | examples=I can only go so far with this student; can do only so much in a day
5. sense_key=so%4:02:08:: | definition=in the same way; also | examples=I was offended and so was he; worked hard and so did she
6. sense_key=so%4:02:04:: | definition=in the way indicated; ; ; (`thusly' is a nonstandard variant) | synonyms=thus, thusly | examples=hold the brush so; set up the pieces thus
7. sense_key=so%4:02:03:: | definition=(usually followed by `that') to an extent or degree as expressed | examples=he was so tired he could hardly stand; so dirty that it smells
8. sense_key=so%4:02:09:: | definition=subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors) | synonyms=then, and so, and then | examples=then he left; go left first, then right
9. sense_key=so%4:02:10:: | definition=(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result | synonyms=therefore, hence, thence, thus | examples=therefore X must be true; the eggs were fresh and hence satisfactory
10. sense_key=so%4:02:00:: | definition=in truth (often tends to intensify) | synonyms=indeed | examples=they said the car would break down and indeed it did; it is very cold indeed

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need answer with JSON only. Need choose sense index for 'so' in sentence "It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive."

The word 'so' modifies attractive as an intensifier adverb: "to a very great extent or degree". The construction "so attractive" not followed by that clause in the sentence. So sense 1 likely. Sense 7 is followed by 'that' expressed degree. Not here. Sense 4 "only so far" limited. So answer index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: attractive
Target surface form: attractive
Context:
But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so <t>attractive</t>. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=attractive%3:00:01:: | definition=pleasing to the eye or mind especially through beauty or charm | examples=a remarkably attractive young man; an attractive personality
2. sense_key=attractive%5:00:00:appealing:00 | definition=having power to arouse interest | examples=an attractive opportunity; the job is attractive because of the pay
3. sense_key=attractive%3:00:02:: | definition=having the properties of a magnet; the ability to draw or pull | examples=an attractive force

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need choose best sense for 'attractive' in context. Let's analyze. Sentence: "It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive." Context about romantic rebellion in education (creativity), parents find this romantic extravagance attractive. Meaning pleasing/appealing, with connotations of being drawn to it. Candidate senses: 1 pleasing to eye or mind especially through beauty or charm; 2 having power to arouse interest; 3 having properties of a magnet. This is figurative, not magnetic. It could be sense 1 or 2. Sense 2 (appealing:00) definition: having power to arouse interest; examples an attractive opportunity; the job is attractive because of the pay. Does that fit "parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive"? Romantic extravagance is appealing to them because it aligns with self-esteem etc. "Attractive" as appealing, pleasing to the mind, charming. Sense 1 also covers "pleasing to the eye or mind especially through beauty or charm". The gloss includes mind and charm. The examples are personal (attractive personality). Sense 2 examples are opportunities/jobs. In this context, romantic extravagance is an idea, not a person; sense 2 "having power to arouse interest" often used for things/propositions. However sense 1 explicitly says pleasing to the mind especially through charm, and examples include personality. Which is best? Let's consider WordNet hierarchy: attractive%3:00:01:: is adjective satellite? Actually sense key 3:00:01 is? attractive is adjective, 3:00:01 probably satellite? Let's recall WordNet: attractive (a) pleasing to the eye or mind especially through beauty or charm -- (a remarkably attractive young man; an attractive personality). Synonyms: attractive. Also attractive (s) having power to arouse interest; "an attractive opportunity"; "the job is attractive because of the pay" -- similar to appealing. And magnetic. The sense index numbers are 1,2,3. The second sense is satellite (5:00:00:appealing:00) keyed as adjective satellite? The instruction says choose best indexed sense. The candidates list: 1 sense_key attractive%3:00:01::; 2 sense_key attractive%5:00:00:appealing:00; 3 attractive%3:00:02::. The target usage: "parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive". The phrase "find this ... attractive" = they are drawn to it, like it. This is very general 'attractive' meaning appealing. In WSD, if the target is an idea/movement, sense 2 (having power to arouse interest) is often chosen. But sense 1 "pleasing to the eye or mind especially through beauty or charm" also could apply to romantic extravagance? Romantic extravagance is abstract, not beauty. The gloss for sense 1 includes 'charm' perhaps. Romantic extravagance has charm. The examples of sense 2: opportunity/job attractive because of pay; this is 'appealing due to benefits'. The parents find romantic extravagance attractive because it appeals to their desires for child's self-esteem? Actually the author is critical; it is attractive to parents perhaps because it flatters them or aligns with anti-authoritarian sentiments. It's an appealing idea. Sense 2 seems more about 'interesting, appealing' for opportunities. Sense 1 is 'pleasing to mind through charm'. Which is more precise? We need single best. Let's inspect glosses and examples. Sense 1 examples: a remarkably attractive young man; an attractive personality. These are about people. Sense 2 examples: an attractive opportunity; the job is attractive because of the pay. These are abstract/propositions. Our target is an abstract notion/romantic extravagance. So sense 2 likely best. However, "parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive" could be read as they are pleased by it (charm). But WSD uses fine-grained distinctions; sense 1 is "pleasing to the eye or mind especially through beauty or charm" (includes 'attractive personality'); sense 2 is 'having power to arouse interest' (similar to appealing). The phrase 'having power to arouse interest' seems weaker than 'pleasing/charming'. The context says "not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive". It appeals to them. I think sense 2 is best because it's not about beauty/charm but interest/appeal. But let's think about possible overlap: Many WSD annotations of 'attractive' for abstract ideas are sense 2. For "an attractive idea/proposition" usually sense 2. The first sense can also apply to personality, not abstract idea. romantic extravagance is like a personality trait? No, it's an educational philosophy described as romantic rebellion. "Romantic extravagance" as a quality, but still abstract. The best index = 2.

Need return only JSON {"sense_index": 2}. Ensure no extra.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: same
Target surface form: same
Context:
No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these <t>same</t> parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands. Their commitment to "creativity "can not survive adolescent illiteracy.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=same%3:00:02:: | definition=same in identity | examples=the same man I saw yesterday; never wore the same dress twice
2. sense_key=same%3:00:00:: | definition=closely similar or comparable in kind or quality or quantity or degree | examples=curtains the same color as the walls; two girls of the same age
3. sense_key=same%3:00:04:: | definition=equal in amount or value | synonyms=like | examples=like amounts; equivalent amounts
4. sense_key=same%5:00:00:unchanged:00 | definition=unchanged in character or nature | examples=the village stayed the same; his attitude is the same as ever

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need determine best WordNet sense for lemma 'same' in context: "these same parents". Let's analyze. Candidate senses:
1. same%3:00:02:: definition=same in identity examples: the same man I saw yesterday; never wore the same dress twice.
Adjective sense referring to same identity, exact previously mentioned individual. "These same parents" meaning the previously mentioned parents (the attractive romantics). That's likely sense 1.
2. same%3:00:00:: closely similar or comparable; examples curtains the same color, two girls of same age. Not here.
3. same%3:00:04:: equal in amount or value; like amounts. No.
4. same%5:00:00:unchanged:00 unchanged in character or nature; the village stayed the same. "These same parents" is not unchanged; it means same people/identity.
So choose index 1.
Need output JSON exactly {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: parent
Target surface form: parents
Context:
No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same <t>parents</t> do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands. Their commitment to "creativity "can not survive adolescent illiteracy.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=parent%1:18:00:: | definition=a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian
2. sense_key=parent%1:03:00:: | definition=an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user is asking me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the lemma "parent" in its surface form "parents" in a given context. I need to choose between two candidate senses.

Candidate sense 1: parent%1:18:00:: - a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian

Candidate sense 2: parent%1:03:00:: - an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained

The context is about education, creativity, children, parents wanting their children to get a decent education. It's clearly referring to human parents (fathers and mothers) who have children.

The word "parents" is used in: "parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive" and "these same parents do want their children to get a decent education" - this is clearly human parents.

Sense 1 is the human parent sense. Sense 2 is the biological/organism sense.

Therefore the answer is sense 1 (index 1).

The user wants JSON format exactly like {"sense_index": 3}. Since sense 1 is the best, I should return {"sense_index": 1}.

Wait - I need to be careful. The sense_index should correspond to which candidate sense. The candidates are numbered 1 and 2. So sense_index: 1.

The answer should be only the JSON object.