[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: politician
Target surface form: politicians
Context:
Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive. Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local <t>politicians</t> or would-be politicians. New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=politician%1:18:01:: | definition=a leader engaged in civil administration
2. sense_key=politician%1:18:00:: | definition=a person active in party politics | synonyms=politico, pol, political leader
3. sense_key=politician%1:18:02:: | definition=a schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze this. The target word is "politicians" in the context of the passage. The context describes "ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians" who prey on locally elected school boards.

Candidate senses:
1. a leader engaged in civil administration
2. a person active in party politics (politico, pol, political leader)
3. a schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways

The context strongly suggests negative connotation: "ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians." This seems to fit sense 3 well - a schemer who tries to gain advantage in sly or underhanded ways. They're described as predators of school boards, which fits the scheming, self-interested politician stereotype.

However, I need to consider if this is the right answer. WordNet sense 3 of "politician" is often referred to as the derogatory sense - someone who is scheming and manipulative. Given the highly negative descriptors ("ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic"), sense 3 seems most appropriate.

But wait - the phrase "or would-be politicians" might suggest these are actual people trying to get into politics, which could point to sense 2 (a person active in party politics). But the negative characterization ("prey," "corrupt," "demagogic") strongly points to sense 3.

Actually, let me reconsider. The phrase "local politicians or would-be politicians" - this means actual politicians and people aspiring to be politicians. They prey on school boards. The author is using "politician" in a negative sense - these are schemers exploiting the school board system. This matches sense 3.

So the answer should be sense_index: 3.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: politician
Target surface form: politicians
Context:
Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive. Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be <t>politicians</t>. New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=politician%1:18:01:: | definition=a leader engaged in civil administration
2. sense_key=politician%1:18:00:: | definition=a person active in party politics | synonyms=politico, pol, political leader
3. sense_key=politician%1:18:02:: | definition=a schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform word sense disambiguation for the target word "politicians" in the given context. I need to choose the best sense from the three candidate senses.

Let me analyze the context carefully:

"The locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians."

The context describes local politicians as:
- ambitious
- generally corrupt
- invariably demagogic
- preying on school boards

The target is used in the phrase "ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians."

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. politician%1:18:01:: - a leader engaged in civil administration
2. politician%1:18:00:: - a person active in party politics | synonyms=politico, pol, political leader
3. politician%1:18:02:: - a schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways

Sense 2 is the most common/general sense - "a person active in party politics." This is the typical denotation.

Sense 3 has a more negative connotation - "a schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways."

The context here is highly negative: "prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians." The author is speaking of them as schemers who exploit the school system for personal/political advantage.

However, I need to be careful. In WSD, we typically disambiguate based on denotation rather than connotation alone. Sense 3 specifically describes "a schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways." This seems to match well with the negative portrayal - they are described as corrupt and demagogic, using the school boards for their own political advancement.

But does the context specifically mean "schemer trying to gain advantage" as opposed to just "a person active in party politics"?

Let me think about this more carefully. The phrase describes them as:
- "ambitious"
- "generally corrupt"
- "invariably demagogic"
- "would-be politicians"

The fact that they become "the prey" suggests these politicians use the school boards as opportunities for political advancement. They are demagogic (appealing to popular desires and prejudices rather than rational argument), which fits the "schemer" sense.

However, the core definition of sense 2 "a person active in party politics" might still be the more standard reading. The negative adjectives are evaluative rather than necessarily changing the core sense.

But the question is whether the specific sense "schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways" is activated. The context emphasizes corruption and demagoguery, suggesting they are exploiting the school boards for personal/political gain. This strongly activates sense 3.

Actually, let me reconsider. The phrase "would-be politicians" also matters. A would-be politician is someone aspiring to be a politician. If we use sense 3, a "would-be schemer" is a bit odd because "schemer" isn't a role one aspires to in the same way.

Also, "local politicians" here probably means real elected officials or party activists, which is sense 2. The negative modifiers simply describe the type, but don't necessarily shift the sense to "schemer."

Hmm, but the definition of sense 3 is quite specific: "a schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways." The context says school boards "become the prey" of these people, implying they exploit the boards for personal gain. The words "corrupt" and "demagogic" align closely with "schemer" and "underhanded ways."

In WordNet, sense 3 is a subsense of politician with a strong negative connotation. While "politician" can be used insultingly in general, sense 3 specifically means someone who manipulates an organization for personal advantage.

I think the best answer here is sense 2. Why? Because the word is being used literally to refer to people involved in politics who get elected to or seek influence over school boards. The negative descriptors are the author's judgment, not the meaning of the word itself.

Wait, but WSD does consider context. The negative context could trigger the negative sense. Let me think about this from a lexicographic/WSD perspective.

In WordNet examples, sense 3 might be illustrated by phrases like "-office politician" or "politician." The definition focuses on someone within an organization. The school board is an organization/civil entity. The "politicians" here are people who use the school board as a vehicle for political ambition.

Actually, I want to reconsider the actual WordNet definitions. Let me think:

- Sense 2: "a person active in party politics" - This is the standard definition. Synonyms: pol, politico, political leader. This would include anyone seeking political office or party influence.
- Sense 3: "a schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways" - This is about office politics, not necessarily elective politics.

In the phrase "local politicians or would-be politicians," the author is clearly referring to actual elected/aspiring public officials, not just office schemers. The word "local" and "demagogic" point to political figures appealing to local constituencies. The author is saying school boards attract corrupt people who want political power.

This is more consistent with sense 2 than sense 3, even though the tone is negative. The negative adjectives modify sense 2 (a person active in party politics), describing them as corrupt, not changing the core sense to "schemer."

Sense 1 "a leader engaged in civil administration" is less likely because it emphasizes administration, and these people are described as demagogic and corrupt, not as competent administrators.

So my choice is between 2 and 3. I'll go with 2 as the primary meaning.

Wait, but the task says "WordNet glosses are schematic; use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense." So I should not just rely on the literal definition but on how the context activates one sense over another.

The phrase "prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians" — if "politician" were meant in sense 3, the sentence would be saying school boards fall victim to schemers. But the word "local" before "politicians" strongly suggests these are local elected officials or political aspirants (sense 2). A "local politician" in common usage is a person active in local party politics.

Also, "would-be politicians" is a conventional collocation meaning people aspiring to enter politics, not people aspiring to be schemers.

Therefore, sense 2 is the best fit.

Hmm, but I want to double-check. Could the author be using "politician" in sense 3 to mean schemers? The sentence: "Locally elected school boards ... become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians."

The phrase "locally elected school boards" establishes this is about local governance. The "politicians" are people who are elected/aspiring to be elected. So sense 2.

The negative characterization doesn't change the fact that they are literally politicians in the standard sense.

Okay, I'll go with 2.

But wait - I want to make sure about the WordNet sense numbering. The user provides:
1. politician%1:18:01:: - a leader engaged in civil administration
2. politician%1:18:00:: - a person active in party politics
3. politician%1:18:02:: - a schemer

The index in the answer should be 1, 2, or 3 corresponding to these candidates. So my answer would be {"sense_index": 2}.

Let me reconsider one more time whether sense 3 could be intended. The definition says "a schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways." The school board is an organization. These politicians seek to gain advantage from it. The "corrupt" and "demagogic" descriptors align with "underhanded."

But "schemer" in sense 3 usually refers to office politics within an organization, not necessarily elected politics. The phrase "local politician" almost always refers to a person in elective politics. Also, "demagogic" is a political term, not an office-politics term. So I think sense 2 is still best.

I'll answer with 2.

Final answer: {"sense_index": 2}

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: AtlasCloud

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: process
Target surface form: process
Context:
They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive. Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians. New York is in the <t>process</t> of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it. -- In most states, increasing expenditures on education, in our current circumstances, will probably make things worse, not better.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=process%1:04:00:: | definition=a particular course of action intended to achieve a result | synonyms=procedure | examples=the procedure of obtaining a driver's license; it was a process of trial and error
2. sense_key=process%1:09:00:: | definition=(psychology) the performance of some composite cognitive activity; an operation that affects mental contents | synonyms=cognitive process, mental process, operation, cognitive operation | examples=the process of thinking; the cognitive operation of remembering
3. sense_key=process%1:10:00:: | definition=a writ issued by authority of law; usually compels the defendant's attendance in a civil suit; failure to appear results in a default judgment against the defendant | synonyms=summons
4. sense_key=process%1:09:01:: | definition=a mental process that you are not directly aware of | synonyms=unconscious process | examples=the process of denial
5. sense_key=process%1:08:00:: | definition=a natural prolongation or projection from a part of an organism either animal or plant | synonyms=outgrowth, appendage | examples=a bony process
6. sense_key=process%1:03:00:: | definition=a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states | synonyms=physical process | examples=events now in process; the process of calcification begins later for boys than for girls

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need answer with JSON only. Need choose best sense for "process" in sentence: "New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment..." Phrase "in the process of" means in the course of, during a series of actions/states. Candidate sense 1: a particular course of action intended to achieve a result. Sense 6: a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states; examples "events now in process". Which is best? Let's analyze.

Target lemma process, surface process. Context: "New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance". This is an ongoing course of action/series of events. WordNet sense 1 definition: a particular course of action intended to achieve a result; synonyms procedure; examples trial and error, obtaining driver's license. Sense 6: a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states; synonyms physical process; examples events now in process; process of calcification. The phrase "in the process of" often maps to sense 6? Let's check WordNet. process%1:03:00:: examples "events now in process"; "the process of calcification begins later for boys than for girls". This is a process as a series of states/events. Sense 1 examples "the procedure of obtaining a driver's license"; "it was a process of trial and error". The phrase "in the process of" is an idiom meaning "in the course of". Which sense is used in "in the process of"? Could be sense 1? Let's think of WordNet mapping. "process" noun senses: 1. procedure (a particular course of action intended to achieve a result). 2. cognitive process. 3. summons. 4. unconscious process. 5. outgrowth. 6. physical process (a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states). The phrase "in the process of" likely uses sense 6 because "events now in process". But "process of trying to disengage" is a course of action intended to achieve a result (disengagement). However, the phrase "in the process of" is more about being in the middle of a series of gradual changes/states. Let's examine definitions.

Sense 1: "a particular course of action intended to achieve a result". This is a procedure, method. Example "the procedure of obtaining a driver's license". In context, "trying to disengage itself" is an action/course intended to achieve a result. But "process" here refers to ongoing activity, not a specific procedure.

Sense 6: "a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states". Example "events now in process". "New York is in the process of trying to disengage" = events are in process. This seems best.

Need return JSON {"sense_index": 6}. Ensure no extra text.

provider: Cloudflare


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: try
Target surface form: trying
Context:
They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive. Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians. New York is in the process of <t>trying</t> to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it. -- In most states, increasing expenditures on education, in our current circumstances, will probably make things worse, not better.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=try%2:41:00:: | definition=make an effort or attempt | synonyms=seek, attempt, essay, assay | examples=He tried to shake off his fears; The infant had essayed a few wobbly steps
2. sense_key=try%2:41:01:: | definition=put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to | synonyms=test, prove, try out, examine, essay | examples=This approach has been tried with good results; Test this recipe
3. sense_key=try%2:41:06:: | definition=put on trial or hear a case and sit as the judge at the trial of | synonyms=judge, adjudicate | examples=The football star was tried for the murder of his wife; The judge tried both father and son in separate trials
4. sense_key=try%2:34:00:: | definition=take a sample of | synonyms=sample, try out, taste | examples=Try these new crackers; Sample the regional dishes
5. sense_key=try%2:41:05:: | definition=examine or hear (evidence or a case) by judicial process | synonyms=hear | examples=The jury had heard all the evidence; The case will be tried in California
6. sense_key=try%2:37:01:: | definition=give pain or trouble to | examples=I've been sorely tried by these students
7. sense_key=try%2:37:00:: | definition=test the limits of | synonyms=strain, stress | examples=You are trying my patience!
8. sense_key=try%2:30:00:: | definition=melt (fat or lard) in order to separate out impurities | synonyms=render | examples=try the yak butter; render fat in a casserole
9. sense_key=try%2:29:00:: | definition=put on a garment in order to see whether it fits and looks nice | synonyms=try on | examples=Try on this sweater to see how it looks

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with JSON sense_index. Need disambiguate "trying" in sentence: "New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment..." That's make an effort or attempt (try to do something). Candidate 1. Details confirm. Need produce only JSON. Ensure no extra.

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: system
Target surface form: system
Context:
They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive. Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians. New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this <t>system</t> of school governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it. -- In most states, increasing expenditures on education, in our current circumstances, will probably make things worse, not better.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=system%1:06:00:: | definition=instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity | examples=he bought a new stereo system; the system consists of a motor and a small computer
2. sense_key=system%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole | synonyms=scheme | examples=a vast system of production and distribution and consumption keep the country going
3. sense_key=system%1:27:00:: | definition=(physical chemistry) a sample of matter in which substances in different phases are in equilibrium | examples=in a static system oil cannot be replaced by water on a surface; a system generating hydrogen peroxide
4. sense_key=system%1:09:00:: | definition=a complex of methods or rules governing behavior | synonyms=system of rules | examples=they have to operate under a system they oppose; that language has a complex system for indicating gender
5. sense_key=system%1:09:02:: | definition=an organized structure for arranging or classifying | synonyms=arrangement, organization, organisation | examples=he changed the arrangement of the topics; the facts were familiar but it was in the organization of them that he was original
6. sense_key=system%1:08:00:: | definition=a group of physiologically or anatomically related organs or parts | examples=the body has a system of organs for digestion
7. sense_key=system%1:09:01:: | definition=a procedure or process for obtaining an objective | examples=they had to devise a system that did not depend on cooperation
8. sense_key=system%1:08:01:: | definition=the living body considered as made up of interdependent components forming a unified whole | examples=exercise helped him get the alcohol out of his system
9. sense_key=system%1:07:00:: | definition=an ordered manner; orderliness by virtue of being methodical and well organized | synonyms=organization, organisation | examples=his compulsive organization was not an endearing quality; we can't do it unless we establish some system around here

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user is asking me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "system" in the given context. Let me analyze the context carefully.

The relevant sentence is: "New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this <t>system</t> of school governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it."

The context is about school governance, specifically "locally elected school boards" in larger cities, and how they become prey to local politicians. The "system" refers to a method or way of governing schools - the system of having locally elected school boards for school governance.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts - physical system (stereo system) - NO
2. a group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole - could work for a system of governance, but more abstract
3. physical chemistry sample of matter - NO
4. a complex of methods or rules governing behavior - system of rules, e.g., "they have to operate under a system they oppose" - This fits well with "system of school governance"
5. an organized structure for arranging or classifying - arrangement/organization - could fit
6. group of physiologically or anatomically related organs - biological - NO
7. a procedure or process for obtaining an objective - This could also fit
8. the living body considered as made up of interdependent components - biological - NO
9. an ordered manner; orderliness by virtue of being methodical and well organized - This is about orderliness, less about an institutional arrangement

The phrase is "this system of school governance." The "system" refers to the method/arrangement of governance - specifically the system of locally elected school boards.

Sense 4: "a complex of methods or rules governing behavior" with example "they have to operate under a system they oppose" - This seems closest because school governance involves methods/rules governing behavior (how schools are run).

Sense 7: "a procedure or process for obtaining an objective" - e.g., "they had to devise a system that did not depend on cooperation" - This could work too, but "school governance" is more about an institutional/organizational structure than a procedure.

Sense 2: "a group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole" - with synonyms "scheme" and example about "production and distribution and consumption" - This is quite abstract and could apply.

Sense 5: "an organized structure for arranging or classifying" - This is about arrangement/classification, which is less about governance.

I think sense 4 is the best fit because:
- "system of school governance" refers to a complex of methods or rules governing behavior
- It's about an institutional arrangement of how schools are governed
- The context contrasts this system with alternatives (switching to another school, community involvement)
- The example "they have to operate under a system they oppose" matches the tone of the passage where New York wants to disengage from the system

Actually, let me reconsider. The phrase "system of school governance" - is "system" here referring to:
- A method/set of rules for governance? (sense 4)
- An organized structure? (sense 5)
- A procedure/process? (sense 7)

In political/governance contexts, "system" often refers to the set of institutions, rules, and methods by which something is governed. Sense 4 ("a complex of methods or rules governing behavior") captures this well. The synonym "system of rules" is very close to "system of governance."

However, sense 2 "a group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole" is also a common sense for "system" in abstract contexts. The example "a vast system of production and distribution and consumption" is about an economic system, which is similar to a governance system.

But the gloss for sense 2 is more about "elements comprising a unified whole" with synonym "scheme." The example is about economic activities. The gloss for sense 4 specifically mentions "methods or rules governing behavior" which is more directly applicable to governance.

Sense 7 "a procedure or process for obtaining an objective" - The example "they had to devise a system" suggests a more deliberate, designed process. But "school governance" as a system is not just a procedure; it's an institutional framework.

I believe sense 4 is the best answer.

Wait, let me also consider sense 5: "an organized structure for arranging or classifying." The synonyms are arrangement/organization. "System of school governance" could be an organized structure. But the gloss emphasizes "arranging or classifying" which is more about ordering/categorizing things, not governance.

And sense 9: "an ordered manner; orderliness by virtue of being methodical and well organized" - This is about the quality of being organized, not an institutional system. Example: "we can't do it unless we establish some system around here." This doesn't fit.

So my final answer is sense 4.

provider: Moonshot AI


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: school
Target surface form: school
Context:
They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive. Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians. New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of <t>school</t> governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it. -- In most states, increasing expenditures on education, in our current circumstances, will probably make things worse, not better.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=school%1:14:00:: | definition=an educational institution | examples=the school was founded in 1900
2. sense_key=school%1:06:00:: | definition=a building where young people receive education | synonyms=schoolhouse | examples=the school was built in 1932; he walked to school every morning
3. sense_key=school%1:09:00:: | definition=the process of being formally educated at a school | synonyms=schooling | examples=what will you do when you finish school?
4. sense_key=school%1:14:02:: | definition=a body of creative artists or writers or thinkers linked by a similar style or by similar teachers | examples=the Venetian school of painting
5. sense_key=school%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of instruction in a school; the time period when school is in session | synonyms=schooltime, school day | examples=stay after school; he didn't miss a single day of school
6. sense_key=school%1:14:03:: | definition=an educational institution's faculty and students | examples=the school keeps parents informed; the whole school turned out for the game
7. sense_key=school%1:14:01:: | definition=a large group of fish | synonyms=shoal | examples=a school of small glittering fish swam by

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need perform WSD for target lemma school, surface form school. Context includes: "If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. ... New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of <t>school</t> governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it." The token wrapped <t>school</t> is in phrase "system of school governance". Need choose sense among candidates.

Let's list senses:
1. school%1:14:00:: educational institution (organization). Example "the school was founded in 1900".
2. school%1:06:00:: building where young people receive education, schoolhouse. Examples building.
3. school%1:09:00:: process of being formally educated at a school; schooling.
4. school%1:14:02:: body of creative artists etc.
5. school%1:28:00:: period of instruction.
6. school%1:14:03:: educational institution's faculty and students.
7. fish group.

We need decide best sense for "school governance" in context of locally elected school boards, system of school governance. "School governance" refers to governance of schools/educational institutions. Here "school" modifies "governance". In "system of school governance", "school" is attributive noun. Which WordNet sense applies? Need choose based on conceptual meaning. "School governance" could mean governance of the educational system/institution. Since it's about locally elected school boards governing schools, likely sense 1 educational institution, or sense 6 faculty and students? Let's analyze.

WordNet senses include "an educational institution" (1) and "a building..." (2), "process..." (3), "body of creative artists..." (4), "period..." (5), "faculty and students" (6), "fish..." (7).

"School governance" refers broadly to governance of schools as institutions. In phrase "system of school governance" modifies governance (what is governed): schools as educational institutions. That aligns sense 1: educational institution. Not building because governance system not about physical building. Not process/schooling. Not body of artists. Not period. Not faculty and students (the internal body). It is the institution overall. So best index = 1.

Need return JSON exactly {"sense_index": 1}. Ensure only JSON object, no explanation. Use requested format with no Markdown maybe. Should be only JSON. Provide final.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: governance
Target surface form: governance
Context:
They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive. Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians. New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school <t>governance</t>, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it. -- In most states, increasing expenditures on education, in our current circumstances, will probably make things worse, not better.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=governance%1:14:00:: | definition=the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something | synonyms=administration, governing body, establishment, brass, organization, organisation | examples=he claims that the present administration is corrupt; the governance of an association is responsible to its members
2. sense_key=governance%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of governing; exercising authority | synonyms=government, governing, government activity, administration | examples=regulations for the governing of state prisons; he had considerable experience of government

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need choose best WordNet sense for governance in context. We cannot output sense key, only {"sense_index": X}. Candidate senses are two, indexed 1 and 2. Need determine meaning. Context: "New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it." Governance refers to system of administering schools? "this system of school governance" = the way schools are governed / act of governing? A system of governance could mean the structure/persons? Let's analyze WordNet senses.

Sense 1: persons/committees/departments etc. who make up a body administering something; synonyms: administration (as group), governing body, establishment, brass, organization. Example: "the governance of an association is responsible to its members" (the body responsible). This is a collective noun meaning governing body.

Sense 2: the act of governing; exercising authority; synonyms government, governing, administration. Example: "regulations for the governing of state prisons".

In phrase "system of school governance" it might be ambiguous but could refer to the act/manner of governing. "School governance" commonly means how schools are controlled/run. The article is about community involvement/elected school boards, i.e., the system of governing schools. Locally elected school boards are committees/persons, but "system of school governance" likely means the system by which schools are governed, the act/process. Another clue: "institute it" = adopt that form of governance/government. "disengage from a commitment to this system of school governance". It likely refers to the act/process. Also "Chicago moving to institute it" means implement this system of governing. So sense 2 is best.

However, need consider nuance: "administration" can mean either the act (sense 2) or the body (sense 1). The phrase "school governance" maybe a noun denoting the administration/organization of schools. The definition sense 1 "the persons... who make up a body for the purpose of administering something." The example "the governance of an association is responsible to its members" uses governance as a body of persons. In context, local school boards = persons. "this system of school governance" might refer to local elected school boards as a system of governing body. But "governance" itself might refer to governing body? Need disambiguate between group of people vs act of governing.

The sentence: "New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it." The immediate antecedent "this system" links to "Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey..." The system is locally elected school boards (a group/committees). But the target word is "governance" not "boards". The phrase "this system of school governance" = the system where schools are governed by local boards. "Governance" could mean "the persons who make up a body administering something" but not quite because the system is local boards, not governance itself. "School governance" as an institution could include the boards? Let's think.

WordNet sense 1 example: "he claims that the present administration is corrupt; the governance of an association is responsible to its members". Here "governance" refers to the members/committees that govern. In context: "Locally elected school boards... become the prey... New York... disengage from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance..." It refers to system of school governance by local boards. Could be the governing body because they mention boards are corrupt. But "system of school governance" might mean system in which school governance (the governing body) exists. Could go either.

Sense 2: "regulations for the governing of state prisons; he had considerable experience of government". This is the act/process of governing. If we say "school governance" in general, this is the act/manner of governing schools. System of governance = the way authority is exercised. This is common usage. Let's examine the provided examples for sense 2: "regulations for the governing of state prisons; he had considerable experience of government". These align with system controlling schools.

The task: choose single best indexed sense using context, synonyms, examples. Need not hedge. I think sense_index: 2.

But let's deeply examine usage of "governance" in WordNet. Lexically, "governance%1:14:00::" noun denoting group. "governance%1:04:00::" noun denoting act. In the context, "school governance" as a system: "this system of school governance" = a system for the governance of schools. The word governance is modified by "school" and embedded in "system of school governance". If "governance" were sense 1 (governing body), "school governance" would mean a body/committee that administers a school, i.e., school board. "System of school governance" would mean a system of school boards. It fits given boards are mentioned. But "governance" as governing body is "the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body". Locally elected school boards are exactly committees that administer. The "system" is the system of local boards, i.e., a system of school governance (bodies). New York trying to disengage from commitment to this system of school governing bodies; Chicago moving to institute it (the system of local boards). This strongly supports sense 1.

Sense 2: "the act of governing; exercising authority". "School governance" = the act/activity of governing schools. But the system described is a governance structure (the act includes using elected boards). The phrase "system of school governance" is somewhat generic and can coincide with sense 2: a system for governing schools. "Institute it" = start governing schools in that way. "Disengage from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance" = stop using that method. For sense 1, "institute it" = create school boards, a governing body; also fits.

We need decide which sense is best. Let's inspect the article segment: It starts with parents need to be involved; then "Community involvement" is worse. New York experience decisive. Locally elected school boards become prey of ambitious/corrupt politicians. "New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it." Here "system of school governance" is the system of having locally elected school boards. The governance itself is not the boards but the system of control. However, WordNet sense 1 is "persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something". Locally elected school boards are exactly committees/departments that administer schools, so "system of school governance" might be a system of such bodies. But perhaps WordNet's first sense of governance as a body is rare; the example uses "the governance of an association is responsible to its members" where "governance" = governing body. Does the phrase "system of school governance" map to that? Maybe the test expects sense 2 because "governance" uncountable abstract act, especially in "school governance" domain.

Let's look at sense 2 synonyms: government, governing, government activity, administration. The context: "New York is trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago ... moving to institute it." This reads like a system of government/administration. "He had considerable experience of government" similar.

Sense 1 synonyms: administration, governing body, establishment, brass, organization. If used, phrase would be "school administration / governing body", not "system of school governing body". The phrase "system of school governance" would be odd if governance = governing body because you'd say "system of school governance" = system of bodies. But possible.

The instructions say WordNet glosses are schematic, use sentence context, examples, and synonyms. Example for sense 1: "he claims that the present administration is corrupt; the governance of an association is responsible to its members". In the current context, locally elected boards are described as corrupt, which aligns with "present administration is corrupt". However, the claim is about local politicians using boards, not necessarily governance itself corrupt? The sentence earlier says boards become prey of corrupt politicians. The New York system of school governance (boards) is what they want to disengage. That example sense 1 includes corrupt administration. This might point to sense 1. But the target word is governance, not administration.

Maybe we can use substitutability test: Replace "governance" with sense 2 synonyms: "system of school government / governing / administration". "System of school administration" works. Replace with sense 1 synonyms: "system of school governing body / administration / organization". "System of school governing body" is awkward. "System of school administration" can be either sense.

Also if governance = governing body, "institute it" means institute a system of committees; but "governance" as body is countable? In sense 1 it's a collective noun (singular but plural body). You could institute a governing body. However "system of school governance" uses "governance" as an abstract notion. I lean sense 2.

Let's consider WordNet's organization: governance as group is under noun.group (1:14), governance as act under noun.act (1:04). Which is more common? In modern usage, governance often means act (management/administration) and rarely the governing body. This source is likely a news article; "school governance" almost certainly means the act/process/structure. So answer sense 2.

Need output only JSON exactly {"sense_index": 2}.

But before final, check user specifically: "Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}." So we should return JSON only. The index should be 2.

We just final

provider: Parasail


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: other
Target surface form: other
Context:
They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive. Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians. New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago and <t>other</t> cities are moving to institute it. -- In most states, increasing expenditures on education, in our current circumstances, will probably make things worse, not better.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
2. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening
3. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=belonging to the distant past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with JSON only. Need choose sense for "other" in context: "Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it." This is adjective other meaning additional/further cities not same one mentioned, i.e., not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied. Sense 1 fits. Sense 2 recently past, no. Sense 3 distant past, no. Sense 4 strange, no. So index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: city
Target surface form: cities
Context:
They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive. Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians. New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago and other <t>cities</t> are moving to institute it. -- In most states, increasing expenditures on education, in our current circumstances, will probably make things worse, not better.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=city%1:15:00:: | definition=a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts | synonyms=metropolis, urban center | examples=Ancient Troy was a great city
2. sense_key=city%1:15:01:: | definition=an incorporated administrative district established by state charter | examples=the city raised the tax rate
3. sense_key=city%1:14:00:: | definition=people living in a large densely populated municipality | synonyms=metropolis | examples=the city voted for Republicans in 1994

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need answer JSON only. Need choose sense for "cities" in context: "even as Chicago and other <t>cities</t> are moving to institute it." The passage discusses New York City, Chicago and other cities moving to institute locally elected school boards. "cities" refers to large urban areas/municipalities as places. Candidate senses: 1 large densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts. 2 incorporated administrative district established by state charter. 3 people living in a large densely populated municipality.

Which best? The phrase "Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it" means the cities (governments/people?) as entities instituting policy. In WSD, city sense 1 is place/urban area; sense 2 is administrative district; sense 3 is people. Here "cities are moving to institute it" refers to city governments or municipalities as political entities. Could be sense 2 (an incorporated administrative district established by state charter) because it emphasizes the political entity capable of instituting governance. But examples: "the city raised the tax rate" uses city as government/administrative district. "Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it" parallels "New York City" as a municipality. However, sense 1 is more general: large densely populated urban area. The context: "Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey..." Here "larger cities" = urban areas. Then "Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it" = places/urban centers. Need decide single best.

Let's analyze WordNet senses. city%1:15:00:: = large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts; synonyms metropolis, urban center. Example Ancient Troy was a great city. This is the geographic/urban sense.

city%1:15:01:: = an incorporated administrative district established by state charter. Example "the city raised the tax rate". This is the political/legal entity.

city%1:14:00:: = people living in a large densely populated municipality; "the city voted for Republicans in 1994". This is the residents.

In the sentence, "Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it." The subject is cities; moving to institute a system of school governance. Who moves? The city government/administration. That aligns with sense 2. But could also be metonymy using sense 1 (place stands for government). WSD tasks often choose sense 2 for "city" as administrative district when it acts as a political entity (raise taxes, institute policy). The example "the city raised the tax rate" is exactly city as government. "Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it" = city governments. So sense 2 likely best.

But let's consider "especially in our larger cities" earlier. That is sense 1 (urban areas). The target is "cities" after Chicago. It might refer to large urban areas as locales where the system is being instituted. However, the verb "moving to institute it" suggests agentive entity. In WordNet, sense 2 is the incorporated administrative district, which can be the agent. Sense 1 is an urban area, not an agent. So sense 2.

Need output JSON exactly {"sense_index": 2}. Ensure no extra text.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: institute
Target surface form: institute
Context:
They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive. Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians. New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to <t>institute</t> it. -- In most states, increasing expenditures on education, in our current circumstances, will probably make things worse, not better.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=institute%2:36:01:: | definition=set up or lay the groundwork for | synonyms=establish, found, plant, constitute | examples=establish a new department
2. sense_key=institute%2:36:00:: | definition=advance or set forth in court; , | synonyms=bring | examples=bring charges; institute proceedings

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform word sense disambiguation for the word "institute" in the given context. I need to choose between two candidate senses:

1. institute%2:36:01:: - set up or lay the groundwork for; synonyms: establish, found, plant, constitute; examples: establish a new department
2. institute%2:36:00:: - advance or set forth in court; synonyms: bring; examples: bring charges, institute proceedings

The context is about school governance. The sentence is: "New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to <t>institute</t> it."

Here, "it" refers to "this system of school governance" (locally elected school boards / community involvement). So Chicago and other cities are moving to establish or set up this system.

The first sense "set up or lay the groundwork for" fits perfectly - they're moving to establish/institute the system of school governance.

The second sense relates to legal proceedings (institute proceedings, bring charges), which doesn't fit here because the context is about establishing a governance system, not legal proceedings.

So the answer is sense 1. The instructions say not to answer with a WordNet sense key, and return only JSON in the format {"sense_index": 3}. Wait, the format example says {"sense_index": 3}, but here the choices are indexed as 1 and 2. So I should return {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: Venice


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: most
Target surface form: most
Context:
If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive. Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians. New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it. -- In <t>most</t> states, increasing expenditures on education, in our current circumstances, will probably make things worse, not better. The reason is simple: Education takes place in the classroom, where the influence of money is minimal.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=most%3:00:02:: | definition=(superlative of `many' used with count nouns and often preceded by `the') quantifier meaning the greatest in number | examples=who has the most apples?; most people like eggs
2. sense_key=most%3:00:01:: | definition=the superlative of `much' that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by `the'; a quantifier meaning the greatest in amount or extent or degree | examples=made the most money he could; what attracts the most attention?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The target word is "most" in the phrase "In most states...". Here, "states" is a count noun (you can count states). The meaning is "the greatest number of states" - a quantifier meaning the greatest in number. This matches sense 1, not sense 2 which is for mass nouns.

Sense 1: (superlative of `many' used with count nouns and often preceded by `the') quantifier meaning the greatest in number
Sense 2: the superlative of `much' that can be used with mass nouns

"states" is clearly countable plural, so sense 1 is correct.

The answer should be JSON: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: Ambient


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: expenditure
Target surface form: expenditures
Context:
If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive. Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians. New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it. -- In most states, increasing <t>expenditures</t> on education, in our current circumstances, will probably make things worse, not better. The reason is simple: Education takes place in the classroom, where the influence of money is minimal.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=expenditure%1:21:00:: | definition=money paid out; an amount spent | synonyms=outgo, spending, outlay
2. sense_key=expenditure%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of spending money for goods or services | synonyms=expending
3. sense_key=expenditure%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of consuming something | synonyms=consumption, using up

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We have to choose best sense for "expenditures" in context: "In most states, increasing expenditures on education, in our current circumstances, will probably make things worse, not better." We are English linguist fine-grained WSD.

Candidate senses:
1 expenditure%1:21:00:: money paid out; an amount spent (noun possession? nouns group: noun.possession) synonyms outgo, spending, outlay. This is plural expenditures, referring to amounts spent (money). Good.
2 expenditure%1:04:00:: the act of spending money for goods or services; expending. This is act/cognition noun.act? 1:04:00 noun.act? Actually %1:04:00 noun.act? Gloss "the act of spending money for goods or services". synonyms expending.
3 %1:04:01 "the act of consuming something" synonyms consumption, using up.

Context says "increasing expenditures on education". Could be amount spent. Increasing the amount of money spent. Plural and increasing expenditures = amounts spent. The education budget. Sense 1 is "money paid out; an amount spent". Fits.

Sense 2 would be singular act of spending; one could say "expenditure of energy/resources". But "increasing expenditures on education" is about monetary outlays. So sense 1.

Return JSON only {"sense_index": 1}. Need comply instruction not answer with sense key. Return only JSON object.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: education
Target surface form: education
Context:
If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive. Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians. New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it. -- In most states, increasing expenditures on <t>education</t>, in our current circumstances, will probably make things worse, not better. The reason is simple: Education takes place in the classroom, where the influence of money is minimal.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=education%1:04:00:: | definition=the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill | synonyms=instruction, teaching, pedagogy, didactics, educational activity | examples=he received no formal education; our instruction was carefully programmed
2. sense_key=education%1:09:00:: | definition=knowledge acquired by learning and instruction | examples=it was clear that he had a very broad education
3. sense_key=education%1:09:01:: | definition=the gradual process of acquiring knowledge | examples=education is a preparation for life; a girl's education was less important than a boy's
4. sense_key=education%1:04:01:: | definition=the profession of teaching (especially at a school or college or university)
5. sense_key=education%1:07:01:: | definition=the result of good upbringing (especially knowledge of correct social behavior) | synonyms=training, breeding | examples=a woman of breeding and refinement
6. sense_key=education%1:14:00:: | definition=the United States federal department that administers all federal programs dealing with education (including federal aid to educational institutions and students); created 1979 | synonyms=Department of Education, Education Department

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully.

The sentence is: "In most states, increasing expenditures on <t>education</t>, in our current circumstances, will probably make things worse, not better. The reason is simple: Education takes place in the classroom, where the influence of money is minimal."

Key observations:
1. "expenditures on education" - this is a financial/policy context about spending on education
2. "Education takes place in the classroom" - this refers to the activity/teaching process happening in classrooms
3. The author is talking about spending money on the education system/sector

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=education%1:04:00:: | definition=the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill | synonyms=instruction, teaching, pedagogy, didactics, educational activity | examples=he received no formal education; our instruction was carefully programmed
- This refers to the activities of teaching/instruction, which can be "formal education" or systematic educational activities. "Expenditures on education" could fit here, especially with "Education takes place in the classroom" referring to activities.

2. sense_key=education%1:09:00:: | definition=knowledge acquired by learning and instruction | examples=it was clear that he had a very broad education
- This refers to acquired knowledge. "Expenditures on education" doesn't quite work here because you don't spend money on knowledge itself.

3. sense_key=education%1:09:01:: | definition=the gradual process of acquiring knowledge | examples=education is a preparation for life; a girl's education was less important than a boy's
- This refers to the gradual process of acquiring knowledge. "Expenditures on education" could fit because you spend money on the educational process.

4. sense_key=education%1:04:01:: | definition=the profession of teaching (especially at a school or college or university)
- This refers to the profession of teaching. "Expenditures on education" doesn't fit as well because the profession is about teachers specifically, not the whole enterprise.

5. sense_key=education%1:07:01:: | definition=the result of good upbringing (especially knowledge of correct social behavior) | synonyms=training, breeding | examples=a woman of breeding and refinement
- This refers to upbringing/social behavior. Doesn't fit.

6. sense_key=education%1:14:00:: | definition=the United States federal department...
- This is a proper noun referring to a specific department. Doesn't fit because it's not capitalized and doesn't refer to the department.

Now between 1, 3, and 4:

The phrase "expenditures on education" suggests spending on the enterprise/sector of education. "Education takes place in the classroom" strongly points to the activities of instructing/teaching happening in classrooms.

Sense 1: "the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill" - This matches "expenditures on education" (spending on educational activities) and "Education takes place in the classroom" (activities happen in classrooms).

Sense 3: "the gradual process of acquiring knowledge" - This emphasizes the student's process of acquiring knowledge. While education does involve this process, the context focuses more on the classroom activities and instruction side, especially with "the influence of money is minimal" in the classroom.

Sense 4: "the profession of teaching" - This is narrower, focusing on teachers as professionals. The context is broader.

I think the best fit is Sense 1. The author says "expenditures on education" meaning spending on educational activities/instruction, and "Education takes place in the classroom" referring to the instructional activities. The examples "he received no formal education" and "our instruction was carefully programmed" point to formal educational activities.

Actually, let me reconsider. "Expenditures on education" is a common political phrase meaning spending on the education system/sector. This is often categorized as sense 1.

Looking at the gloss "the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill" with example "he received no formal education" - this seems to be about the system/institution of formal instruction.

I think sense 1 is the best answer.

provider: Together


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: circumstance
Target surface form: circumstances
Context:
If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive. Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians. New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it. -- In most states, increasing expenditures on education, in our current <t>circumstances</t>, will probably make things worse, not better. The reason is simple: Education takes place in the classroom, where the influence of money is minimal.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=circumstance%1:26:01:: | definition=a condition that accompanies or influences some event or activity
2. sense_key=circumstance%1:26:02:: | definition=the set of facts or circumstances that surround a situation or event | synonyms=context, setting | examples=the historical context
3. sense_key=circumstance%1:09:00:: | definition=information that should be kept in mind when making a decision | synonyms=condition, consideration | examples=another consideration is the time it would take
4. sense_key=circumstance%1:11:00:: | definition=formal ceremony about important occasions | examples=pomp and circumstance

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need do WSD for target 'circumstances' in provided context. Need choose among 4 candidate senses index. The final response only JSON {"sense_index" : ...}. Need think.

Context: "In most states, increasing expenditures on education, in our current circumstances, will probably make things worse, not better. The reason is simple: Education takes place in the classroom, where the influence of money is minimal."

The phrase "in our current circumstances" meaning current conditions/facts surrounding situation. Seems state of affairs, set of conditions.

Candidate senses:
1. a condition that accompanies or influences some event or activity
2. set of facts or circumstances that surround a situation/event; synonyms context, setting
3. information that should be kept in mind when making decision; synonyms condition, consideration
4. formal ceremony.

"Circumstances" plural often 'state of affairs; context; overall situation'. Probably sense 2: the set of facts or circumstances that surround a situation or event. The gloss says "the set of facts or circumstances that surround a situation or event" synonyms context, setting. Example 'the historical context'. That matches 'current circumstances' = current context/setting. Sense 1 is singular a condition; but plural 'circumstances' may not refer to single condition but surrounding state. Sense 2 best.

Let's verify WordNet sense keys: circumstance%1:26:01:: definition "a condition that accompanies or influences some event or activity". That's noun.state? 1:26:01 uses plural? sense 02 is "the set of facts or circumstances that surround a situation or event" synonyms context, surroundings. Yes.

In context: "in our current circumstances" refers to current situation: the state of affairs around education/governance in current context. So index 2.

Need output JSON only.{"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: probably
Target surface form: probably
Context:
If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive. Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians. New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it. -- In most states, increasing expenditures on education, in our current circumstances, will <t>probably</t> make things worse, not better. The reason is simple: Education takes place in the classroom, where the influence of money is minimal.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=probably%4:02:00:: | definition=with considerable certainty; without much doubt | synonyms=likely, in all likelihood, in all probability, belike | examples=He is probably out of the country; in all likelihood we are headed for war
2. sense_key=probably%4:02:01:: | definition=easy to believe on the basis of available evidence | synonyms=credibly, believably, plausibly | examples=he talked plausibly before the committee; he will probably win the election

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer JSON. Need choose best sense for "probably" in context. The sentence: "In most states, increasing expenditures on education, in our current circumstances, will probably make things worse, not better." Meaning: high likelihood. Candidate 1: with considerable certainty; without much doubt. Synonyms likely, in all likelihood, in all probability, belike. Candidate 2: easy to believe on the basis of available evidence; synonyms credibly, believably, plausibly. Example "he will probably win the election" is candidate 2? Actually WordNet has adverb senses. Probably%4:02:00:: likely, in all likelihood, in all probability, belike. Probably%4:02:01:: credibly, believably, plausibly. The context: author states increasing expenditures will probably make things worse, with high certainty based on reason. The modifier probably = likely. Candidate 1 fits best. Need output JSON {"sense_index":1}. Ensure no extra text.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: make
Target surface form: make
Context:
If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive. Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians. New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it. -- In most states, increasing expenditures on education, in our current circumstances, will probably <t>make</t> things worse, not better. The reason is simple: Education takes place in the classroom, where the influence of money is minimal.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=make%2:41:00:: | definition=engage in | synonyms=do | examples=make love, not war; make an effort
2. sense_key=make%2:30:00:: | definition=give certain properties to something | synonyms=get | examples=get someone mad; She made us look silly
3. sense_key=make%2:36:00:: | definition=make or cause to be or to become | synonyms=create | examples=make a mess in one's office; create a furor
4. sense_key=make%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, have, get | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
5. sense_key=make%2:36:08:: | definition=give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally | synonyms=cause, do | examples=cause a commotion; make a stir
6. sense_key=make%2:36:01:: | definition=create or manufacture a man-made product | synonyms=produce, create | examples=We produce more cars than we can sell; The company has been making toys for two centuries
7. sense_key=make%2:31:00:: | definition=make, formulate, or derive in the mind | synonyms=draw | examples=I draw a line here; draw a conclusion
8. sense_key=make%2:36:15:: | definition=compel or make somebody or something to act in a certain way | examples=People cannot be made to integrate just by passing a law!; Heat makes you sweat
9. sense_key=make%2:36:09:: | definition=create by artistic means | synonyms=create | examples=create a poem; Schoenberg created twelve-tone music
10. sense_key=make%2:40:01:: | definition=earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages | synonyms=gain, take in, clear, earn, realize, realise | examples=How much do you make a month in your new job?; She earns a lot in her new job
11. sense_key=make%2:36:05:: | definition=create or design, often in a certain way | synonyms=do | examples=Do my room in blue; I did this piece in wood to express my love for the forest
12. sense_key=make%2:42:05:: | definition=to compose or represent: | synonyms=form, constitute | examples=This wall forms the background of the stage setting; The branches made a roof
13. sense_key=make%2:38:02:: | definition=reach a goal, e.g., | synonyms=reach, get to, progress to | examples=make the first team; We made it!
14. sense_key=make%2:42:00:: | definition=be or be capable of being changed or made into | examples=He makes a great host; He will make a fine father
15. sense_key=make%2:36:11:: | definition=make by shaping or bringing together constituents | examples=make a dress; make a cake
16. sense_key=make%2:36:12:: | definition=perform or carry out | examples=make a decision; make a move
17. sense_key=make%2:36:13:: | definition=make by combining materials and parts | synonyms=construct, build | examples=this little pig made his house out of straw; Some eccentric constructed an electric brassiere warmer
18. sense_key=make%2:30:15:: | definition=change from one form into another | examples=make water into wine; make lead into gold
19. sense_key=make%2:29:08:: | definition=act in a certain way so as to acquire | examples=make friends; make enemies
20. sense_key=make%2:41:03:: | definition=charge with a function; charge to be | synonyms=name, nominate | examples=She was named Head of the Committee; She was made president of the club
21. sense_key=make%2:40:02:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=have, get | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
22. sense_key=make%2:38:00:: | definition=reach a destination, either real or abstract | synonyms=reach, attain, hit, arrive at, gain | examples=We hit Detroit by noon; The water reached the doorstep
23. sense_key=make%2:31:13:: | definition=institute, enact, or establish | synonyms=lay down, establish | examples=make laws
24. sense_key=make%2:41:13:: | definition=carry out or commit | examples=make a mistake; commit a faux-pas
25. sense_key=make%2:41:01:: | definition=form by assembling individuals or constituents | examples=Make a quorum
26. sense_key=make%2:36:04:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, have, give | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
27. sense_key=make%2:30:02:: | definition=put in order or neaten | synonyms=make up | examples=make the bed; make up a room
28. sense_key=make%2:38:05:: | definition=head into a specified direction | synonyms=take | examples=The escaped convict took to the hills; We made for the mountains
29. sense_key=make%2:29:00:: | definition=have a bowel movement | synonyms=stool, defecate, shit, take a shit, take a crap, ca-ca | examples=The dog had made in the flower beds
30. sense_key=make%2:42:09:: | definition=undergo fabrication or creation | examples=This wool makes into a nice sweater
31. sense_key=make%2:42:13:: | definition=be suitable for | examples=Wood makes good furniture
32. sense_key=make%2:42:12:: | definition=add up to | examples=four and four make eight
33. sense_key=make%2:42:11:: | definition=amount to | examples=This salary increase makes no difference to my standard of living
34. sense_key=make%2:42:15:: | definition=constitute the essence of | examples=Clothes make the man
35. sense_key=make%2:39:12:: | definition=appear to begin an activity | examples=He made to speak but said nothing in the end; She made as if to say hello to us
36. sense_key=make%2:38:10:: | definition=proceed along a path | synonyms=work | examples=work one's way through the crowd; make one's way into the forest
37. sense_key=make%2:38:15:: | definition=reach in time | examples=We barely made the plane
38. sense_key=make%2:36:10:: | definition=gather and light the materials for | examples=make a fire
39. sense_key=make%2:36:07:: | definition=prepare for eating by applying heat | synonyms=cook, fix, ready, prepare | examples=Cook me dinner, please; can you make me an omelette?
40. sense_key=make%2:35:13:: | definition=induce to have sex | synonyms=seduce, score | examples=Harry finally seduced Sally; Did you score last night?
41. sense_key=make%2:32:14:: | definition=assure the success of | examples=A good review by this critic will make your play!
42. sense_key=make%2:32:09:: | definition=represent fictitiously, as in a play, or pretend to be or act like | synonyms=pretend, make believe | examples=She makes like an actress
43. sense_key=make%2:31:10:: | definition=consider as being | examples=It wasn't the problem some people made it
44. sense_key=make%2:31:12:: | definition=calculate as being | examples=I make the height about 100 feet
45. sense_key=make%2:30:10:: | definition=cause to be enjoyable or pleasurable | examples=make my day
46. sense_key=make%2:30:14:: | definition=favor the development of | examples=Practice makes the winner
47. sense_key=make%2:30:12:: | definition=develop into | examples=He will make a splendid father!
48. sense_key=make%2:29:06:: | definition=behave in a certain way | examples=make merry
49. sense_key=make%2:29:01:: | definition=eliminate urine | synonyms=urinate, piddle, puddle, micturate, piss, pee | examples=Again, the cat had made on the expensive rug

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need choose best sense for "make" in sentence: "In most states, increasing expenditures on education, in our current circumstances, will probably make things worse, not better." Target lemma make, surface make. Need select among 49 senses. We need output JSON {"sense_index": X}. We must not answer with sense key. Need single best indexed sense.

We need analyze. The phrase "make things worse" means cause to become worse, give certain properties? Let's inspect candidate senses.

Sense 2: make%2:30:00:: definition=give certain properties to something; synonyms=get; examples: get someone mad; She made us look silly. This is "make + object + adjective" (make things worse). In WN, sense 2 likely for "cause to be in a certain state; give certain properties to something". The example "She made us look silly" is similar structure: make + NP + Adj (complement). "make things worse" = cause things to be worse. So sense 2 seems appropriate.

Sense 3: make or cause to be or to become; examples make a mess in one's office; create a furor. That's transitive with noun object (create). Not exactly.

Sense 5: give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally; examples cause a commotion; make a stir. Object is event noun. "make things worse" is resultative with adjective.

Sense 8: compel or make somebody or something to act in a certain way; examples People cannot be made to integrate...; Heat makes you sweat. That's make + NP + to-infinitive or bare? Not adjective.

Sense 14: be or be capable of being changed or made into; examples He makes a great host. Not.

Sense 30: undergo fabrication or creation. No.

Sense 33: amount to. No.

Sense 34: constitute the essence of. No.

Sense 46: favor the development of; Practice makes the winner. Hmm "make things worse" could be cause to develop into worse? But sense 2 is more direct.

Sense 47: develop into; He will make a splendid father! Intransitive? Actually "make" with noun predicate.

Sense 2 is the standard WSD for "make things worse". Let's verify WordNet mapping: make%2:30:00:: "give certain properties to something; 'get someone mad'; 'She made us look silly'; 'He made a fool of himself at the meeting'; 'Don't make this into a big deal'; 'This invention will make you a millionaire'; 'Make yourself clear'". Yes includes resultative adjectival complement. So answer index 2.

Need output only JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}. So {"sense_index": 2}. Ensure no extra text.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: thing
Target surface form: things
Context:
If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive. Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians. New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it. -- In most states, increasing expenditures on education, in our current circumstances, will probably make <t>things</t> worse, not better. The reason is simple: Education takes place in the classroom, where the influence of money is minimal.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=thing%1:26:00:: | definition=a special situation | examples=this thing has got to end; it is a remarkable thing
2. sense_key=thing%1:04:00:: | definition=an action | examples=how could you do such a thing?
3. sense_key=thing%1:09:00:: | definition=a special abstraction | examples=a thing of the spirit; things of the heart
4. sense_key=thing%1:06:00:: | definition=an artifact | examples=how does this thing work?
5. sense_key=thing%1:11:00:: | definition=an event | examples=a funny thing happened on the way to the...
6. sense_key=thing%1:09:02:: | definition=a vaguely specified concern | synonyms=matter, affair | examples=several matters to attend to; it is none of your affair
7. sense_key=thing%1:10:00:: | definition=a statement regarded as an object | examples=to say the same thing in other terms; how can you say such a thing?
8. sense_key=thing%1:06:01:: | definition=an entity that is not named specifically | examples=I couldn't tell what the thing was
9. sense_key=thing%1:07:00:: | definition=any attribute or quality considered as having its own existence | examples=the thing I like about her is ...
10. sense_key=thing%1:09:01:: | definition=a special objective | examples=the thing is to stay in bounds
11. sense_key=thing%1:12:00:: | definition=a persistent illogical feeling of desire or aversion | examples=he has a thing about seafood; she has a thing about him
12. sense_key=thing%1:03:00:: | definition=a separate and self-contained entity

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need choose single best indexed sense for target lemma thing in sentence "In most states, increasing expenditures on education, in our current circumstances, will probably make <t>things</t> worse, not better. The reason is simple: Education takes place in the classroom, where the influence of money is minimal."

Candidate senses list with indices 1..12. Sense 6 is 'a vaguely specified concern' synonyms matter, affair. "make things worse" likely means make matters worse. Let's examine. "things" used as "make things worse" = make matters worse; situations/state of affairs. Candidate 6 definition matches "several matters to attend to; it is none of your affair". But "make matters worse" common phrase. Matter sense is a vaguely specified concern; "things" in "things are going well" maybe sense 12? No. Let's consider possible sense 1 'a special situation', examples "this thing has got to end; it is a remarkable thing". In plural? things = circumstances; "make things worse" = worsen the situation. Could fit sense 1? Definition "a special situation" singular, examples "this thing has got to end". But phrase "things" in general conditions perhaps sense 12 = a separate and self-contained entity? No.

WordNet sense numbering for "thing": likely n1: a special situation; n2: entity? Let's recall. But given list, index 6 is matter, affair. The phrase "make things worse" maps to idiom "make matters worse." "things" here refers to concerns/ affairs (the situation with education). So best is 6.

Need return JSON exactly {"sense_index": 6}.