[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: see
Target surface form: see
Context:
"To ring for even one service at this tower, we have to scrape, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "We've tried to train the youngsters, but they have their discos and their dances, and they just drift away. "Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to <t>see</t> why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=see%2:39:00:: | definition=perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight | examples=You have to be a good observer to see all the details; Can you see the bird in that tree?
2. sense_key=see%2:31:01:: | definition=perceive (an idea or situation) mentally | synonyms=understand, realize, realise | examples=Now I see!; I just can't see your point
3. sense_key=see%2:39:02:: | definition=perceive or be contemporaneous with | synonyms=witness, find | examples=We found Republicans winning the offices; You'll see a lot of cheating in this school
4. sense_key=see%2:36:00:: | definition=imagine; conceive of; see in one's mind | synonyms=visualize, visualise, envision, project, fancy, figure | examples=I can't see him on horseback!; I can see what will happen
5. sense_key=see%2:31:00:: | definition=deem to be | synonyms=consider, reckon, view, regard | examples=She views this quite differently from me; I consider her to be shallow
6. sense_key=see%2:31:02:: | definition=get to know or become aware of, usually accidentally | synonyms=learn, hear, get word, get wind, pick up, find out | examples=I learned that she has two grown-up children; I see that you have been promoted
7. sense_key=see%2:39:03:: | definition=see or watch | synonyms=watch, view, catch, take in | examples=view a show on television; This program will be seen all over the world
8. sense_key=see%2:38:00:: | definition=come together | synonyms=meet, run into, encounter, run across, come across | examples=I'll probably see you at the meeting; How nice to see you again!
9. sense_key=see%2:32:00:: | definition=find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort | synonyms=determine, check, find out, ascertain, watch, learn | examples=I want to see whether she speaks French; See whether it works
10. sense_key=see%2:31:03:: | definition=be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something | synonyms=check, insure, see to it, ensure, control, ascertain | examples=He verified that the valves were closed; See that the curtains are closed
11. sense_key=see%2:41:11:: | definition=go to see for professional or business reasons | examples=You should see a lawyer; We had to see a psychiatrist
12. sense_key=see%2:41:12:: | definition=go to see for a social visit | examples=I went to see my friend Mary the other day
13. sense_key=see%2:41:10:: | definition=go to see a place, as for entertainment | synonyms=visit | examples=We went to see the Eiffel Tower in the morning
14. sense_key=see%2:41:14:: | definition=take charge of or deal with | synonyms=attend, take care, look | examples=Could you see about lunch?; I must attend to this matter
15. sense_key=see%2:35:09:: | definition=receive as a specified guest | examples=the doctor will see you now; The minister doesn't see anybody before noon
16. sense_key=see%2:41:00:: | definition=date regularly; have a steady relationship with | synonyms=go steady, go out, date | examples=Did you know that she is seeing an older man?; He is dating his former wife again!
17. sense_key=see%2:39:05:: | definition=see and understand, have a good eye | examples=The artist must first learn to see
18. sense_key=see%2:31:08:: | definition=deliberate or decide | examples=See whether you can come tomorrow; let's see--which movie should we see tonight?
19. sense_key=see%2:39:11:: | definition=observe as if with an eye | examples=The camera saw the burglary and recorded it
20. sense_key=see%2:39:13:: | definition=observe, check out, and look over carefully or inspect | synonyms=examine | examples=The customs agent examined the baggage; I must see your passport before you can enter the country
21. sense_key=see%2:39:12:: | definition=go or live through | synonyms=experience, go through | examples=We had many trials to go through; he saw action in Viet Nam
22. sense_key=see%2:38:03:: | definition=accompany or escort | synonyms=escort | examples=I'll see you to the door
23. sense_key=see%2:33:00:: | definition=match or meet | examples=I saw the bet of one of my fellow players
24. sense_key=see%2:31:13:: | definition=make sense of; assign a meaning to | synonyms=interpret, construe | examples=What message do you see in this letter?; How do you interpret his behavior?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need choose best sense for "see" in context "It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes." The meaning is perceive mentally, understand, realize. Candidate sense 2: see%2:31:01 definition perceive (idea or situation) mentally, synonyms understand, realize; examples Now I see!; I just can't see your point. In phrase "easy to see why" means easy to understand why. So index 2. Need return only JSON. Ensure no extra text.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: ancient
Target surface form: ancient
Context:
"To ring for even one service at this tower, we have to scrape, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "We've tried to train the youngsters, but they have their discos and their dances, and they just drift away. "Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the <t>ancient</t> art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ancient%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=belonging to times long past especially of the historical period before the fall of the Western Roman Empire | examples=ancient history; ancient civilizations such as those of the Etruscans and Sumerians
2. sense_key=ancient%5:00:00:old:02 | definition=very old | examples=an ancient mariner

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content: We need answer choose single best indexed sense for target word 'ancient'. Need parse context. Target: 'ancient art' referring to bell-ringing art as ancient. The meaning is likely 'very old' (sense 2) because phrase 'ancient art' in context of church bells ringing tradition. Sense 1 is historical period before fall of Western Roman Empire, academic period. Here it means 'very old' not specific historical period. Examples: 'an ancient mariner' = very old. 'ancient history' example sense 1. Context: old art (bell ringing) on the ropes. So choose index 2. Must return only JSON {"sense_index": 2}. No hedge.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Novita

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: art
Target surface form: art
Context:
"To ring for even one service at this tower, we have to scrape, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "We've tried to train the youngsters, but they have their discos and their dances, and they just drift away. "Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the ancient <t>art</t> is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=art%1:06:00:: | definition=the products of human creativity; works of art collectively | synonyms=fine art | examples=an art exhibition; a fine collection of art
2. sense_key=art%1:04:00:: | definition=the creation of beautiful or significant things | synonyms=artistic creation, artistic production | examples=art does not need to be innovative to be good; I was never any good at art
3. sense_key=art%1:09:00:: | definition=a superior skill that you can learn by study and practice and observation | synonyms=artistry, prowess | examples=the art of conversation; it's quite an art
4. sense_key=art%1:10:00:: | definition=photographs or other visual representations in a printed publication | synonyms=artwork, graphics, nontextual matter | examples=the publisher was responsible for all the artwork in the book

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need answer as JSON only with sense_index. Need choose best sense. Target 'art' in context: 'It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes.' Referring to bell ringing as an ancient skill/craft/practice. Candidate senses:
1. products of human creativity (works collectively). Not fits (not tangible works).
2. creation of beautiful/significant things. 'the creation of beautiful or significant things' examples: art does not need..., good at art. Not bell-ringing.
3. superior skill learned by study/practice/observation; synonyms artistry, prowess; examples: the art of conversation. 'the ancient art' of bell-ringing. Fits.
4. photographs/visual representations in publication. Not fits.
Thus answer {"sense_index": 3}. Ensure only JSON exact object.

provider: Parasail


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: less
Target surface form: less
Context:
We've tried to train the youngsters, but they have their discos and their dances, and they just drift away. "Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The <t>less</t> complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=less%4:02:00:: | definition=used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs | synonyms=to a lesser extent | examples=less interesting; less expensive
2. sense_key=less%4:02:01:: | definition=comparative of little | examples=she walks less than she should; he works less these days

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The target word is "less" modifying "complicated version". This is the comparative degree adverb/adjective sense meaning "to a lesser extent" - the version that is not as complicated.

Sense 1: "used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs" - this fits "less complicated" where less forms the comparative of the adjective "complicated".

Sense 2: "comparative of little" - this is when "less" is a determiner/pronoun comparing quantity (e.g., "less money", "she walks less").

In "The less complicated version", "less" modifies the adjective "complicated" to form its comparative. This is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: version
Target surface form: version
Context:
We've tried to train the youngsters, but they have their discos and their dances, and they just drift away. "Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated <t>version</t> of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=version%1:10:01:: | definition=an interpretation of a matter from a particular viewpoint | examples=his version of the fight was different from mine
2. sense_key=version%1:09:01:: | definition=something a little different from others of the same type | synonyms=variant, variation, edition | examples=an experimental version of the night fighter; a variant of the same word
3. sense_key=version%1:10:02:: | definition=a written work (as a novel) that has been recast in a new form | synonyms=adaptation | examples=the play is an adaptation of a short novel
4. sense_key=version%1:10:00:: | definition=a written communication in a second language having the same meaning as the written communication in a first language | synonyms=translation, interlingual rendition, rendering
5. sense_key=version%1:09:00:: | definition=a mental representation of the meaning or significance of something | synonyms=interpretation, reading
6. sense_key=version%1:04:00:: | definition=manual turning of a fetus in the uterus (usually to aid delivery)

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The task is WSD for lemma "version" in the given context. Need choose best candidate sense index.

Let's parse target usage: "The less complicated <t>version</t> of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish..." So version refers to a type, variation, form of bell-playing. Candidate senses:

1. an interpretation of a matter from a particular viewpoint - not an interpretation/belief but a form.
2. something a little different from others of the same type; variant, variation, edition; example "an experimental version of the night fighter" - fits: a less complicated version of playing tunes.
3. a written work recast - not written.
4. translation - no.
5. mental representation/interpretation - no.
6. medical manual turning - no.

So sense index 2 best. Need output JSON {"sense_index": 2}. Ensure only JSON no extra.

provider: Ambient


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: play
Target surface form: playing
Context:
We've tried to train the youngsters, but they have their discos and their dances, and they just drift away. "Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of <t>playing</t> tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=play%2:33:00:: | definition=participate in games or sport | examples=We played hockey all afternoon; play cards
2. sense_key=play%2:41:12:: | definition=act or have an effect in a specified way or with a specific effect or outcome | examples=This factor played only a minor part in his decision; This development played into her hands
3. sense_key=play%2:36:12:: | definition=play on an instrument | examples=The band played all night long
4. sense_key=play%2:36:02:: | definition=play a role or part | synonyms=act, represent | examples=Gielgud played Hamlet; She wants to act Lady Macbeth, but she is too young for the role
5. sense_key=play%2:41:03:: | definition=be at play; be engaged in playful activity; amuse oneself in a way characteristic of children | examples=The kids were playing outside all day; I used to play with trucks as a little girl
6. sense_key=play%2:36:00:: | definition=replay (as a melody) | synonyms=spiel | examples=Play it again, Sam; She played the third movement very beautifully
7. sense_key=play%2:36:01:: | definition=perform music on (a musical instrument) | examples=He plays the flute; Can you play on this old recorder?
8. sense_key=play%2:29:01:: | definition=pretend to have certain qualities or state of mind | synonyms=act, act as | examples=He acted the idiot; She plays deaf when the news are bad
9. sense_key=play%2:38:00:: | definition=move or seem to move quickly, lightly, or irregularly | examples=The spotlights played on the politicians
10. sense_key=play%2:33:01:: | definition=bet or wager (money) | examples=He played $20 on the new horse; She plays the races
11. sense_key=play%2:41:00:: | definition=engage in recreational activities rather than work; occupy oneself in a diversion | synonyms=recreate | examples=On weekends I play; The students all recreate alike
12. sense_key=play%2:36:06:: | definition=pretend to be somebody in the framework of a game or playful activity | examples=Let's play like I am mommy; Play cowboy and Indians
13. sense_key=play%2:36:11:: | definition=emit recorded sound | examples=The tape was playing for hours; the stereo was playing Beethoven when I entered
14. sense_key=play%2:36:03:: | definition=perform on a certain location | examples=The prodigy played Carnegie Hall at the age of 16; She has been playing on Broadway for years
15. sense_key=play%2:33:03:: | definition=put (a card or piece) into play during a game, or act strategically as if in a card game | examples=He is playing his cards close to his chest; The Democrats still have some cards to play before they will concede the electoral victory
16. sense_key=play%2:29:00:: | definition=engage in an activity as if it were a game rather than take it seriously | synonyms=toy | examples=They played games on their opponents; play the stock market
17. sense_key=play%2:41:02:: | definition=behave in a certain way | examples=play safe; play it safe
18. sense_key=play%2:36:05:: | definition=cause to emit recorded audio or video | synonyms=run | examples=They ran the tapes over and over again; I'll play you my favorite record
19. sense_key=play%2:35:00:: | definition=manipulate manually or in one's mind or imagination | synonyms=toy, fiddle, diddle | examples=She played nervously with her wedding ring; Don't fiddle with the screws
20. sense_key=play%2:34:13:: | definition=use to one's advantage | examples=She plays on her clients' emotions
21. sense_key=play%2:31:01:: | definition=consider not very seriously | synonyms=dally, trifle | examples=He is trifling with her; She plays with the thought of moving to Tasmania
22. sense_key=play%2:42:00:: | definition=be received or accepted or interpreted in a specific way | examples=This speech didn't play well with the American public; His remarks played to the suspicions of the committee
23. sense_key=play%2:41:13:: | definition=behave carelessly or indifferently | synonyms=dally, toy, flirt | examples=Play about with a young girl's affection
24. sense_key=play%2:38:03:: | definition=cause to move or operate freely within a bounded space | examples=The engine has a wheel that is playing in a rack
25. sense_key=play%2:36:10:: | definition=perform on a stage or theater | synonyms=act, roleplay, playact | examples=She acts in this play; He acted in `Julius Caesar'
26. sense_key=play%2:36:04:: | definition=be performed or presented for public viewing | examples=What's playing in the local movie theater?; `Cats' has been playing on Broadway for many years
27. sense_key=play%2:36:13:: | definition=cause to happen or to occur as a consequence | synonyms=bring, work, wreak, make for | examples=I cannot work a miracle; wreak havoc
28. sense_key=play%2:35:07:: | definition=discharge or direct or be discharged or directed as if in a continuous stream | examples=play water from a hose; The fountains played all day
29. sense_key=play%2:33:07:: | definition=make bets | examples=Play the races; play the casinos in Trouville
30. sense_key=play%2:33:08:: | definition=stake on the outcome of an issue | synonyms=bet, wager | examples=I bet $100 on that new horse; She played all her money on the dark horse
31. sense_key=play%2:33:09:: | definition=shoot or hit in a particular manner | examples=She played a good backhand last night
32. sense_key=play%2:33:13:: | definition=use or move | examples=I had to play my queen
33. sense_key=play%2:33:12:: | definition=employ in a game or in a specific position | examples=They played him on first base
34. sense_key=play%2:33:02:: | definition=contend against an opponent in a sport, game, or battle | synonyms=meet, encounter, take on | examples=Princeton plays Yale this weekend; Charlie likes to play Mary
35. sense_key=play%2:29:04:: | definition=exhaust by allowing to pull on the line | examples=play a hooked fish

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need choose best sense for "playing" in context: "The less complicated version of <t>playing</t> tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners." Target lemma play, surface playing. The phrase "playing tunes on bells". This is performing music on bells/instrument. Candidate senses: 3 play%2:36:12 definition=play on an instrument examples The band played all night long. 6 play%2:36:00 replay (as a melody) synonyms spiel examples Play it again, Sam; She played the third movement very beautifully. 7 play%2:36:01 perform music on (a musical instrument) examples He plays the flute; Can you play on this old recorder? 36:12 vs 36:01. Need distinguish. "playing tunes on bells" means producing music on bells (instrument). Sense 3 "play on an instrument" (The band played all night long) maybe intransitive. Sense 7 "perform music on (a musical instrument)" with object instrument. Here "playing tunes on bells" has object "tunes" and instrument "bells". Could be sense 6 "replay (as a melody)"? It says play tunes. But "tunes" are melodies; "playing tunes on bells" = performing melodies on bells. Which WordNet sense? Let's inspect WordNet senses for play verb. play%2:36:12 "play on an instrument" maybe no object? play%2:36:01 "perform music on (a musical instrument)" maybe transitive with instrument. The example "He plays the flute" instrument as direct object. Here instrument is "on bells" not direct object; object is tunes. Sense 6 "replay (as a melody)" examples "Play it again, Sam; She played the third movement very beautifully" where object is a melody/movement. That fits "playing tunes" (tunes = melodies). But sense 6 gloss "replay (as a melody)" maybe specifically "play (a melody)". However "tunes on bells" includes instrument. Need decide single best.

Let's examine all candidate senses. The context is about ringing bells / carillons playing tunes. "playing tunes on bells" is making music (melodies) on bells. In WordNet, sense 6 (play%2:36:00) = "replay (as a melody)"; synonyms: spiel. It includes playing a piece/movement. Sense 7 = perform music on a musical instrument (He plays the flute). Sense 3 = play on an instrument (The band played all night long). The phrase "playing tunes on bells" has direct object tunes, which is a melody. So sense 6 seems best: play (as a melody). But is "replay" implies play again? WordNet gloss "replay (as a melody)" maybe because "play" can mean perform a recorded or composed piece. Actually spiel? Hmm.

Let's check WordNet definitions more precisely from memory:
- play (v) 1: participate in games or sport (2:33:00)
- play (v) 2: act or have an effect in a specified way or with a specific effect or outcome (2:41:12)
- play (v) 3: play on an instrument (2:36:12) "The band played all night long"
- play (v) 4: play a role or part (2:36:02)
- play (v) 5: be at play; be engaged in playful activity (2:41:03)
- play (v) 6: replay (as a melody) (2:36:00) "Play it again, Sam"; "She played the third movement very beautifully"
- play (v) 7: perform music on (a musical instrument) (2:36:01) "He plays the flute"; "Can you play on this old recorder?"
- play (v) 8: pretend to have certain qualities (2:29:01)
- play (v) 9: move or seem to move quickly, lightly, or irregularly (2:38:00)
- play (v) 10: bet or wager (money) (2:33:01)
- play (v) 11: engage in recreational activities (2:41:00)
- play (v) 12: pretend to be somebody in framework of game (2:36:06)
- play (v) 13: emit recorded sound (2:36:11)
- play (v) 14: perform on a certain location (2:36:03)
- play (v) 15: put card into play (2:33:03)
- play (v) 16: engage in activity as if game (2:29:00)
- play (v) 17: behave in certain way (2:41:02)
- play (v) 18: cause to emit recorded audio/video (2:36:05)
- play (v) 19: manipulate manually (2:35:00)
- play (v) 20: use to one's advantage (2:34:13)
- play (v) 21: consider not very seriously (2:31:01)
- play (v) 22: be received or accepted (2:42:00)
- play (v) 23: behave carelessly (2:41:13)
- play (v) 24: cause to move freely (2:38:03)
- play (v) 25: perform on a stage (2:36:10)
- play (v) 26: be performed or presented (2:36:04)
- play (v) 27: cause to happen (2:36:13)
- play (v) 28: discharge/direct (2:35:07)
- play (v) 29: make bets (2:33:07)
- play (v) 30: stake on outcome (2:33:08)
- play (v) 31: shoot or hit (2:33:09)
- play (v) 32: use or move (2:33:13)
- play (v) 33: employ in game/position (2:33:12)
- play (v) 34: contend against opponent (2:33:02)
- play (v) 35: exhaust by allowing to pull on line (2:29:04)

The target phrase "playing tunes on bells". "Tunes" are melodies. The sense that takes a musical piece/melody as object is sense 6. Sense 7 takes instrument as object. Sense 3 is intransitive or with instrument? "play on an instrument" maybe intransitive. Since the object is tunes, sense 6 is best. However, the phrase also includes instrument "on bells". But the disambiguation of "play" with object "tunes" strongly aligns with sense 6. In WordNet, "She played the third movement very beautifully" = playing a musical work. "tunes" = musical works/melodies. So answer index 6.

Need return JSON {"sense_index": 6}. Ensure no extra text.

provider: Cloudflare


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: tune
Target surface form: tunes
Context:
We've tried to train the youngsters, but they have their discos and their dances, and they just drift away. "Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing <t>tunes</t> on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=tune%1:10:00:: | definition=a succession of notes forming a distinctive sequence | synonyms=melody, air, strain, melodic line, line, melodic phrase | examples=she was humming an air from Beethoven
2. sense_key=tune%1:07:00:: | definition=the property of producing accurately a note of a given pitch | examples=he cannot sing in tune; the clarinet was out of tune
3. sense_key=tune%1:04:00:: | definition=the adjustment of a radio receiver or other circuit to a required frequency

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We have a target lemma "tune", surface form "tunes". Context: "The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish...". Candidate senses:

1. tune%1:10:00:: noun communication? Actually 1:10 is noun communication? WordNet noun lexicographer files: 1:10 is noun.communication? Wait WordNet noun files: noun.person? Let's recall: WordNet sense keys format [lemma]%[lex_filenum]:[lex_id]:[head_word]:[head_id]. 1:10 maybe noun.communication? Actually noun file numbers: 1 person, 2 body, 3 animal, 4 artifact, 5 act, 6 phenomenon, 7 attribute, 8 state, 9 feeling, 10 location? Hmm not exactly. But definition: a succession of notes forming a distinctive sequence; synonyms melody, air, strain, melodic line, line, melodic phrase; examples humming an air from Beethoven. Sense 2: property of producing accurately a note of a given pitch. Sense 3: adjustment of a radio receiver or other circuit to a required frequency.

Which fits "playing tunes on bells"? It means playing melodies (sequences of notes) on bells. Carillons play melodies. So sense 1.

Need output JSON {"sense_index": 1}.

No hedge, only JSON object exactly. Ensure no explanation.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bell
Target surface form: bells
Context:
We've tried to train the youngsters, but they have their discos and their dances, and they just drift away. "Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on <t>bells</t>, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bell%1:06:00:: | definition=a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck
2. sense_key=bell%1:06:02:: | definition=a push button at an outer door that gives a ringing or buzzing signal when pushed | synonyms=doorbell, buzzer
3. sense_key=bell%1:11:00:: | definition=the sound of a bell being struck | synonyms=toll | examples=saved by the bell; she heard the distant toll of church bells
4. sense_key=bell%1:28:00:: | definition=(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units of nautical time signaled by strokes of a ship's bell; eight bells signals 4:00, 8:00, or 12:00 o'clock, either a.m. or p.m. | synonyms=ship's bell
5. sense_key=bell%1:25:00:: | definition=the shape of a bell | synonyms=bell shape, campana
6. sense_key=bell%1:18:02:: | definition=a phonetician and father of Alexander Graham Bell (1819-1905) | synonyms=Melville Bell, Alexander Melville Bell
7. sense_key=bell%1:18:01:: | definition=English painter; sister of Virginia Woolf; prominent member of the Bloomsbury Group (1879-1961) | synonyms=Vanessa Bell, Vanessa Stephen
8. sense_key=bell%1:18:00:: | definition=United States inventor (born in Scotland) of the telephone (1847-1922) | synonyms=Alexander Bell, Alexander Graham Bell
9. sense_key=bell%1:06:04:: | definition=a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument | synonyms=chime, gong
10. sense_key=bell%1:06:03:: | definition=the flared opening of a tubular device

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze this carefully.

The target word is "bells" (plural of "bell"). The context is about church bells, bell-ringing, carillons, change-ringing, and Aslacton bells pealing.

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. `bell%1:06:00::` - a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck
2. `bell%1:06:02::` - a push button at an outer door (doorbell/buzzer)
3. `bell%1:11:00::` - the sound of a bell being struck (toll)
4. `bell%1:28:00::` - nautical time units (ship's bell)
5. `bell%1:25:00::` - the shape of a bell (bell shape, campana)
6-8. People named Bell
9. `bell%1:06:04::` - a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells (chime, gong)
10. `bell%1:06:03::` - the flared opening of a tubular device

The context talks about:
- "East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing"
- "nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays"
- "playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe"
- "some bells weigh more than a ton"

This clearly refers to physical metal devices/objects that make ringing sounds when struck. The text is about bells as physical objects (church bells, a set of bells used to play tunes, individual bells in a tower that are rung/run).

Sense 1: "a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck" - this describes individual church bells perfectly.

Sense 9: "a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells" - This is more like a fixed installation/carillon type instrument, with synonym "chime, gong". It could apply to a set of bells in a carillon sense, but in the context, "the Aslacton bells" and "England's church bells" refer to individual bells in a bell tower, not the instrument-ensemble as a single unit.

In the change-ringing tradition, each bell is an individual hollow metal object. The text mentions "some bells weigh more than a ton" - this refers to individual bells as objects, which fits sense 1 best.

Also, the phrase "playing tunes on bells" uses "bells" as the objects being struck/played upon (similar to "play on a drum"), which again points to sense 1 (the hollow metal devices).

Sense 9 might be tempting because of "carillons" - "as do the carillons of continental Europe" - but carillons are specifically sets of bells. The English change-ringing "bells" being compared are individual bells that are rung in changes. The text even says "carillons of continental Europe" as a different (simpler) activity compared to English change-ringing.

The phrase "no one to ring them" - "ring" typically refers to causing a bell (a physical hollow metal object) to sound by swinging it.

Sense 1 is the best fit.

Let me verify by considering all instances in context:
- "Aslacton bells pealing" - bells making sound (sense 1 objects)
- "England's church bells" - church bells as physical objects
- "playing tunes on bells" - physical bells
- "some bells weigh more than a ton" - definitely physical objects

Yes, sense 1 is the only truly appropriate choice.

provider: Together


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: europe
Target surface form: Europe
Context:
We've tried to train the youngsters, but they have their discos and their dances, and they just drift away. "Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental <t>Europe</t>, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=europe%1:17:00:: | definition=the 2nd smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia); the British use `Europe' to refer to all of the continent except the British Isles
2. sense_key=europe%1:14:00:: | definition=an international organization of European countries formed after World War II to reduce trade barriers and increase cooperation among its members | synonyms=European Union, EU, European Community, EC, European Economic Community, EEC | examples=he tried to take Britain into the Europen Union
3. sense_key=europe%1:14:01:: | definition=the nations of the European continent collectively | examples=the Marshall Plan helped Europe recover from World War II

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer only JSON. We need choose sense for "Europe" in phrase "continental Europe". Context: playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe. This refers to the continent of Europe, excluding British Isles maybe. Sense 1 is the 2nd smallest continent; British use Europe to refer to all of the continent except the British Isles. Sense 3 is nations of European continent collectively. "Continental Europe" strongly refers to the continent landmass (geographic). Sense 1 likely best. Need output JSON {"sense_index": 1}. Ensure no extra.

provider: Moonshot AI


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: consider
Target surface form: considered
Context:
We've tried to train the youngsters, but they have their discos and their dances, and they just drift away. "Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is <t>considered</t> by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=consider%2:31:00:: | definition=deem to be | synonyms=see, reckon, view, regard | examples=She views this quite differently from me; I consider her to be shallow
2. sense_key=consider%2:39:00:: | definition=give careful consideration to | synonyms=study | examples=consider the possibility of moving
3. sense_key=consider%2:31:01:: | definition=take into consideration for exemplifying purposes | synonyms=take, deal, look at | examples=Take the case of China; Consider the following case
4. sense_key=consider%2:32:00:: | definition=show consideration for; take into account | synonyms=count, weigh | examples=You must consider her age; The judge considered the offender's youth and was lenient
5. sense_key=consider%2:32:02:: | definition=think about carefully; weigh | synonyms=debate, moot, turn over, deliberate | examples=They considered the possibility of a strike; Turn the proposal over in your mind
6. sense_key=consider%2:31:08:: | definition=judge or regard; look upon; judge | synonyms=think, believe, conceive | examples=I think he is very smart; I believe her to be very smart
7. sense_key=consider%2:39:04:: | definition=look at attentively | synonyms=regard
8. sense_key=consider%2:39:08:: | definition=look at carefully; study mentally | synonyms=view, look at | examples=view a problem
9. sense_key=consider%2:31:05:: | definition=regard or treat with consideration, respect, and esteem | examples=Please consider your family

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need choose best indexed sense for target "considered" in given context. Need produce only JSON {"sense_index": N}. We need examine context thoroughly.

The sentence: "The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is <t>considered</t> by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners." Here "considered" is passive construction: "X is considered by Y to be Z". This is a judgement/assessment: English people regard it as childish. Need pick which sense among candidates.

Candidate senses list with definitions and examples. Key differences: Many are about "think about" vs "deem/regard/judge". The passive "is considered to be childish" maps to sense of "deem to be; regard as" or "judge or regard; look upon; judge". Let's analyze each:

1. sense_key=consider%2:31:00:: definition=deem to be; synonyms see, reckon, view, regard; examples She views this quite differently from me; I consider her to be shallow. Index 1. This likely. But note WordNet consider v1? actually consider%2:31:00:: "deem to be; I would consider it a smart move"; example "I don't see him as a threat" maybe see. The example includes "I consider her to be shallow".

6. sense_key=consider%2:31:08:: definition=judge or regard; look upon; judge; synonyms think, believe, conceive; examples I think he is very smart; I believe her to be very smart. This also could fit: "English consider it childish" = regard/judge as childish. Example "I consider her to be shallow" under sense 1. But WordNet has distinct synsets: consider.01 "deem to be" (same as regard, view, see) and consider.08 "regard or think of; judge" (same as think, believe, conceive). Which one includes passive "is considered to be childish"? Let's recall actual WordNet:

WordNet 3.1: Verb "consider":
1. see, consider, reckon, view, regard - deem to be; "I don't see him as a threat"; "She views this quite differently from me"; "I consider her to be shallow"
2. study, consider - give careful consideration to; ...
3. consider, take, deal, look at - take into consideration for exemplifying purposes; ...
4. consider, count, weigh - show consideration for; take into account; ...
5. consider, debate, moot, turn over, deliberate - think about carefully; weigh...
6. think, believe, conceive, consider - judge or regard; look upon; judge;
7. regard, consider - look at attentively
8. view, consider, look at - look at carefully; study mentally; "view a problem"
9. consider, respect, honor, honour, esteem - regard or treat with consideration, respect, and esteem.

The mapping of candidate senses order in prompt index may follow WordNet order? They gave 1 through 9 matching WordNet order? Let's verify mapping:
1 consider%2:31:00:: = see/reckon/view/regard as? Actually consider.01? Let's check actual sense key format: verb.emotion? Actually consider%2:31:00:: is domain 2:31 (verbs of thinking). The lexical IDs 00. Definition: "deem to be". That's consider.v.01? Yes maybe index 1.
6 consider%2:31:08:: definition judge or regard; look upon; judge; synonyms think, believe, conceive. This is consider.v.06? Let's map index order: The prompt's ordering is not exactly lexicographic by synset offset but they list a set:
1 consider%2:31:00::
2 consider%2:39:00::
3 consider%2:31:01::
4 consider%2:31:05::? Actually prompt lists 4 as consider%2:32:00::. Wait careful.

Let's check each sense key:
- %2:31:00::
- %2:39:00::
- %2:31:01::
- %2:32:00:: (hmm verb.communication? 2:32 usually verbs of communication)
- %2:32:02::
- %2:31:08::
- %2:39:04::
- %2:39:08::
- %2:31:05::

These are actual WordNet sense keys. Need map to WordNet 3.0? The decimal format [lexicographer file category:verb.cognition 9=2:31; verb.perception 2:39; verb.communication 2:32; verb.social 2:41 maybe? Actually 2:32 is verb.communication, 2:39 verb.perception?]. Wait WordNet lexnames:
- verb.cognition: 09 (2:09?) maybe represent as 2:31? No. Maybe 2:31 is verb.cognition? I recall WordNet IDs: n (noun) 1:17 etc; v (verb) 2:31 verb.cognition, 2:32 verb.communication, 2:35 verb.competition, etc. Actually the provided sense_keys %2:31:00:: etc correspond to WordNet "verb.cognition" maybe 2:31. %2:32 verb.communication. %2:39 verb.perception. So sense 1 = consider.v.01? Definition "deem to be"; yes verb.cognition.
Sense 6 = consider%2:31:08:: "judge or regard; look upon; judge" synonyms think, believe, conceive. This is verb.cognition too, 08. It is consider.v.06 in WordNet? So index 6 corresponds to wordnet sense 6. The prompt indexes are maybe WordNet sense ordering? The synsets are numbered  1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9? They list them not by WordNet order? Let me compare:
WordNet order typically:
1 consider, see, reckon, view, regard - deem to be (2:31:00)
2 study, consider - give careful consideration to (2:39:00)
3 consider, take, deal, look at - take into consideration for exemplifying purposes (2:31:01)
4 consider, count, weigh - show consideration for; take into account (2:41:00 maybe verb.social?) But prompt 4 is 2:32:00? Hmm WordNet likely 2:41:00. There's a mismatch.
5 consider, debate, moot, turn over, deliberate - think about carefully; weigh (2:31:02 maybe?) But prompt says 2:32:02.
6 think, believe, conceive, consider - judge or regard; look upon; judge (2:31:08)
7 regard, consider - look at attentively (2:39:04)
8 view, consider, look at - look at carefully; study mentally (2:39:08)
9 consider, respect, honor, honor, esteem - regard or treat with consideration, respect, and esteem (2:41:01 maybe verb.social?). Prompt says 2:31:05. Hmm mismatch in lexicographer file category but close.

Maybe prompt source uses a particular indexing based on WordNet? The sense_keys indices after colons are arbitrary. The candidate senses are in some custom order. We need choose best indexed sense among 1-9 based on definitions/examples/synonyms.

Now need decide whether index 1 or 6. In context: "The less complicated version ... is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners." This means "the English regard it as childish / judge it to be childish". Sense 1 has examples "I consider her to be shallow", synonyms see/reckon/view/regard, definition "deem to be". This exact construction in example (consider her to be shallow) matches. Sense 6 also definition "judge or regard; look upon; judge", synonyms think, believe, conceive; examples "I think he is very smart; I believe her to be very smart" but those are more belief/well, not exactly "considered childish". However both 1 and 6 cover "regard as" meanings. In WordNet, what's difference between sense 1 and 6? Sense 1 is "deem to be", e.g., "I consider her to be shallow", belongs to see/reckon/view/regard hypernym? Sense 6 is "judge or regard; look upon; judge", e.g., "I think he is very smart". For "is considered childish" = "is deemed childish" = sense 1. Also index 1 is the most common meaning for passive "is considered to be". The phrase "considered by the English to be childish" is a classic "deem/regard" usage. The phrase "sees it as / views it as / regards it as" synonyms from sense 1. Index 6 synonyms think, believe, conceive are more mental states: "I think it's childish" but not "it is believed childish" in sense "regarded as" maybe also possible. For WordNet, "consider her to be shallow" explicitly in sense 1 example. So answer likely 1.

Need double-check if maybe index 8 "look at carefully; study mentally" synonyms view, look at; examples view a problem. But "is considered by English to be childish" is not "look at carefully" but a stative evaluation.

Also could be index 6 because "the English" = people, "considered to be childish" = "think/believe it to be childish". But sense 1 synonyms include "regard" which more accurate. Let's examine underlying WordNet differences: consider.v.01 and consider.v.06 both centered around "cognition". The subtle distinction: consider.v.01: "deem to be; I would consider your suggestion with a grain of salt" maybe with as/to be. consider.v.06: "think, believe, conceive; I think it's a good idea" not necessarily "consider" with that sense? Actually some dictionaries separate:
- "consider" (verb) 1: think carefully about (syn: study) 2: regard; look upon (syn: view, see) 3: take into account; allow for 4: think, believe (syn: think, believe, conceive) 5: reconsider (not here) 6: look at attentively 7: respect. The distinction between "regard/look upon" ( classify/say that something is X) and "think/believe" (opine) can be blurry; "I consider him a friend" likely regard. "I consider it childish" is the regard meaning. Sense 1's example includes "consider her to be shallow", so it's exactly that.

Therefore response JSON. Need ensure no extra text.  check instructions: "Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}." So output only {"sense_index": 1}. No explanation.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: english
Target surface form: English
Context:
We've tried to train the youngsters, but they have their discos and their dances, and they just drift away. "Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the <t>English</t> to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=english%1:10:00:: | definition=an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries | synonyms=English language
2. sense_key=english%1:18:00:: | definition=the people of England | synonyms=English people
3. sense_key=english%1:09:00:: | definition=the discipline that studies the English language and literature
4. sense_key=english%1:11:00:: | definition=(sports) the spin given to a ball by striking it on one side or releasing it with a sharp twist | synonyms=side

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer JSON only. Need choose sense for "English" in context. The sentence: "The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the <t>English</t> to be childish, fit only for foreigners." Here "the English" refers to the people of England. So sense 2. Need output {"sense_index": 2}. Ensure only JSON.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: fit
Target surface form: fit
Context:
We've tried to train the youngsters, but they have their discos and their dances, and they just drift away. "Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, <t>fit</t> only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=fit%3:00:02:: | definition=meeting adequate standards for a purpose | examples=a fit subject for discussion; it is fit and proper that you be there
2. sense_key=fit%5:00:00:ready:00 | definition=(usually followed by `to' or `for') on the point of or strongly disposed | synonyms=primed, set | examples=in no fit state to continue; fit to drop
3. sense_key=fit%3:00:01:: | definition=physically and mentally sound or healthy | examples=felt relaxed and fit after their holiday; keeps fit with diet and exercise

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need choose sense index for target word 'fit' in given context. Let's analyze. Sentence: "The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, <t>fit</t> only for foreigners." Here fit used in phrase "fit only for foreigners". Need sense. Candidate senses:
1. fit%3:00:02:: definition=meeting adequate standards for a purpose. Examples: "a fit subject for discussion; it is fit and proper that you be there". This seems adjective meaning appropriate/suitable/qualified. In context fit only for foreigners = suitable only for foreigners/meeting standards? Actually 'fit for' indicates appropriate for. This matches sense 1 perhaps.
2. fit%5:00:00:ready:00 definition=(usually followed by `to' or `for') on the point of or strongly disposed | synonyms=primed, set | examples:"in no fit state to continue; fit to drop". This seems "fit to drop" = ready to drop (exhausted to the point). Hmm not suitable.
3. fit%3:00:01:: physically and mentally sound or healthy; examples: relaxed and fit, keeps fit. Not appropriate.
The phrase "fit only for foreigners": childish, only suitable for foreigners. That is "meeting adequate standards for a purpose" or "worthy of". WordNet adjective sense 1 likely "meeting adequate standards for a purpose; a fit subject for discussion; it is fit and proper that you be there". This includes "fit for"? Actually WN sense key fit%3:00:02:: maybe. Need output {"sense_index":1}. Since indexes are 1,2,3 correspond to candidate list. Therefore sense_index: 1.
Need ensure final JSONonly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: only
Target surface form: only
Context:
We've tried to train the youngsters, but they have their discos and their dances, and they just drift away. "Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit <t>only</t> for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=only%4:02:02:: | definition=and nothing more | synonyms=merely, simply, just, but | examples=I was merely asking; it is simply a matter of time
2. sense_key=only%4:02:01:: | definition=without any others being included or involved | synonyms=entirely, exclusively, solely, alone | examples=was entirely to blame; a school devoted entirely to the needs of problem children
3. sense_key=only%4:02:00:: | definition=with nevertheless the final result | examples=He arrived only to find his wife dead; We won only to lose again in the next round
4. sense_key=only%4:02:04:: | definition=in the final outcome | examples=These news will only make you more upset
5. sense_key=only%4:02:06:: | definition=except that | examples=It was the same story; only this time she came out better
6. sense_key=only%4:02:03:: | definition=never except when | synonyms=only if, only when | examples=call me only if your cold gets worse
7. sense_key=only%4:02:05:: | definition=as recently as | examples=I spoke to him only an hour ago

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need answer with only JSON. We need pick best sense for "only" in context. Analyze sentence: "The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit <t>only</t> for foreigners." Means considered childish, suitable merely for foreigners. "only" modifies "for foreigners" indicating exclusivity? Phrase "fit only for foreigners" means suitable exclusively for foreigners, nothing more. Which sense? Candidate definitions:
1. and nothing more; synonyms merely, simply, just, but. Could fit: fit merely for foreigners. But "only for foreigners" means limited to foreigners, not "and nothing more" maybe no.
2. without any others being included or involved; synonyms entirely, exclusively, solely, alone. "fit only for foreigners" means suitable exclusively for foreigners (not for English).
3. with nevertheless final result: no.
4. in final outcome: no.
5. except that: no.
6. never except when: no.
7. as recently as: no.
So likely sense 2. We output JSON.

provider: AkashML


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: foreigner
Target surface form: foreigners
Context:
We've tried to train the youngsters, but they have their discos and their dances, and they just drift away. "Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for <t>foreigners</t>. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=foreigner%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who comes from a foreign country; someone who does not owe allegiance to your country | synonyms=alien, noncitizen, outlander
2. sense_key=foreigner%1:18:01:: | definition=someone who is excluded from or is not a member of a group | synonyms=outsider

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need reason. Target lemma foreigner, surface foreigners. Context: playing tunes on bells as carillons of continental Europe is considered by English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. It contrasts English with continental Europe; foreigners = people from foreign countries, not English nationals. Sense 1 definition a person from a foreign country; not owe allegiance. Sense 2 someone excluded from or not a member of a group. Here foreigners are national/cultural outsiders, not merely excluded from a group. Fit only for foreigners meaning non-English people from other countries. Sense 1 best. Need output JSON {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: Venice


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: english
Target surface form: English
Context:
Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the <t>English</t> invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=english%1:10:00:: | definition=an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries | synonyms=English language
2. sense_key=english%1:18:00:: | definition=the people of England | synonyms=English people
3. sense_key=english%1:09:00:: | definition=the discipline that studies the English language and literature
4. sense_key=english%1:11:00:: | definition=(sports) the spin given to a ball by striking it on one side or releasing it with a sharp twist | synonyms=side

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with JSON only. Need choose sense for target "English" in sentence: "Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the <t>English</t> invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity..." Here "the English" refers to the people of England. Candidate sense 2 definition: the people of England; synonyms English people. Sense 1 is language, cannot invent an exercise. Sense 3 discipline. Sense 4 sports spin. So best is 2. Return {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: invent
Target surface form: invented
Context:
Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English <t>invented</t> 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=invent%2:36:00:: | definition=come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort | synonyms=contrive, devise, excogitate, formulate, forge | examples=excogitate a way to measure the speed of light
2. sense_key=invent%2:36:01:: | definition=make up something artificial or untrue | synonyms=fabricate, manufacture, cook up, make up

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with JSON object. Need choose sense index 1 or 2. The context: "Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago..." Means they came up with/created the exercise/art. Sense 1: come up with (idea, plan, explanation, theory, principle) after mental effort. Sense 2: make up something artificial or untrue (fabricate). Clearly not false; it's a creation/coining. So sense 1. Return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: year
Target surface form: years
Context:
Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 <t>years</t> ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=year%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days | synonyms=twelvemonth, yr | examples=she is 4 years old; in the year 1920
2. sense_key=year%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity | examples=a school year
3. sense_key=year%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun | examples=a Martian year takes 687 of our days
4. sense_key=year%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who graduate together | synonyms=class | examples=the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with JSON only. Need choose best sense for target surface "years" in context: "380 years ago". This means a period of time containing 365 days, plural. Sense 1: period of time containing 365 days, twelvemonth, yr. Examples "she is 4 years old; in the year 1920". Yes. Sense 2: school year. Sense 3: orbital revolution. Sense 4: class. So answer {"sense_index":1}. Need ensure no wordnet key. The instructions: Return only JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}. We should not include any explanation. Final: only the JSON.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: require
Target surface form: requires
Context:
Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, <t>requires</t> physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=require%2:42:00:: | definition=require as useful, just, or proper | synonyms=necessitate, ask, postulate, need, take, involve | examples=It takes nerve to do what she did; success usually requires hard work
2. sense_key=require%2:32:01:: | definition=consider obligatory; request and expect | synonyms=ask, expect | examples=We require our secretary to be on time; Aren't we asking too much of these children?
3. sense_key=require%2:32:00:: | definition=make someone do something | synonyms=command
4. sense_key=require%2:34:00:: | definition=have need of | synonyms=want, need | examples=This piano wants the attention of a competent tuner

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need answer as JSON only. Need disambiguate "requires" in sentence: "Change-ringing ... requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration."

Candidates:
1 require%2:42:00:: "require as useful, just, or proper" synonyms necessitate, ask, postulate, need, take, involve. Example success usually requires hard work. This is "needs, calls for (as a characteristic)". It's like 'needs'.
2 require%2:32:01:: "consider obligatory; request and expect" synonyms ask, expect. Example We require our secretary to be on time.
3 require%2:32:00:: "make someone do something" (command)
4 require%2:34:00:: "have need of" synonyms want, need; example This piano wants attention.

The usage: change-ringing requires physical dexterity = necessitates/calls for physical dexterity. It is sense 1 or 4. Need distinguish 2:42:00 vs 2:34:00. Sense 1 means "to require as useful, just, or proper; Synonyms: necessitate, ask, postulate, need, take, involve"; examples "It takes nerve to do what she did; success usually requires hard work; This job asks a lot of patience and skill; This position demands a lot of personal sacrifice; This intervention does not postulate a patient's consent". Sense 4 means "require or want"; synonyms want, need; example "This piano wants the attention of a competent tuner". WordNet often: require%2:42:00:: = "require as useful, just, or proper" (also includes "It takes nerve..."). require%2:34:00:: = "have need of; This piano wants the attention". In context, "requires physical dexterity" is sense 1, because it means "call for", like "success requires hard work." Sense 4 is more about objects needing attention. So answer index 1.

Need output exactly JSON {"sense_index": 1}. Ensure no commentary.

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: physical
Target surface form: physical
Context:
Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires <t>physical</t> dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=physical%3:00:00:: | definition=involving the body as distinguished from the mind or spirit | examples=physical exercise; physical suffering
2. sense_key=physical%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to the sciences dealing with matter and energy; especially physics | examples=physical sciences; physical laws
3. sense_key=physical%5:00:00:material:01 | definition=having substance or material existence; perceptible to the senses | examples=a physical manifestation; surrounded by tangible objects
4. sense_key=physical%5:00:00:natural:03 | definition=according with material things or natural laws (other than those peculiar to living matter) | examples=a reflex response to physical stimuli
5. sense_key=physical%5:00:00:energetic:00 | definition=characterized by energetic bodily activity | examples=a very physical dance performance
6. sense_key=physical%5:00:00:forceful:00 | definition=impelled by physical force especially against resistance | synonyms=forcible, strong-arm | examples=forcible entry; a real cop would get physical
7. sense_key=physical%5:00:02:material:01 | definition=concerned with material things | examples=physical properties; the physical characteristics of the earth

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need select best sense for "physical" in context. Let's parse. The target: "requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration." The phrase physical dexterity. Physical here modifies dexterity (skill of movement), related to body as distinguished from mind. It's paired with mental concentration. So sense 1: involving the body as distinguished from the mind or spirit. Examples physical exercise; physical suffering. That's best. Need answer JSON exact.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bell
Target surface form: bells
Context:
Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some <t>bells</t> weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bell%1:06:00:: | definition=a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck
2. sense_key=bell%1:06:02:: | definition=a push button at an outer door that gives a ringing or buzzing signal when pushed | synonyms=doorbell, buzzer
3. sense_key=bell%1:11:00:: | definition=the sound of a bell being struck | synonyms=toll | examples=saved by the bell; she heard the distant toll of church bells
4. sense_key=bell%1:28:00:: | definition=(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units of nautical time signaled by strokes of a ship's bell; eight bells signals 4:00, 8:00, or 12:00 o'clock, either a.m. or p.m. | synonyms=ship's bell
5. sense_key=bell%1:25:00:: | definition=the shape of a bell | synonyms=bell shape, campana
6. sense_key=bell%1:18:02:: | definition=a phonetician and father of Alexander Graham Bell (1819-1905) | synonyms=Melville Bell, Alexander Melville Bell
7. sense_key=bell%1:18:01:: | definition=English painter; sister of Virginia Woolf; prominent member of the Bloomsbury Group (1879-1961) | synonyms=Vanessa Bell, Vanessa Stephen
8. sense_key=bell%1:18:00:: | definition=United States inventor (born in Scotland) of the telephone (1847-1922) | synonyms=Alexander Bell, Alexander Graham Bell
9. sense_key=bell%1:06:04:: | definition=a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument | synonyms=chime, gong
10. sense_key=bell%1:06:03:: | definition=the flared opening of a tubular device

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 Let me analyze the context carefully.

The target word is "bells" with lemma "bell". The context is about church bells, change-ringing, pealing, ringing bells, bells weighing more than a ton, etc.

Let me look at each candidate sense:

1. bell%1:06:00:: - a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck
2. bell%1:06:02:: - a push button at an outer door (doorbell, buzzer)
3. bell%1:11:00:: - the sound of a bell being struck (toll)
4. bell%1:28:00:: - nautical time units
5. bell%1:25:00:: - the shape of a bell
6. bell%1:18:02:: - Melville Bell (person)
7. bell%1:18:01:: - Vanessa Bell (person)
8. bell%1:18:00:: - Alexander Graham Bell (person)
9. bell%1:06:04:: - a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells (chime, gong)
10. bell%1:06:03:: - the flared opening of a tubular device

In the context:
- "keeps the Aslacton bells pealing" - church bells
- "nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung" - church bells
- "some bells weigh more than a ton" - physical objects
- "Proper English bells are started off in rounds, from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest" - individual bells

This is about physical church bells, the hollow metal devices that make ringing sounds.

The relevant senses are 1, 3, or 9. Sense 3 is the "sound" of a bell, but here we're talking about the physical objects that are rung. The text explicitly mentions bells weighing more than a ton, which refers to the physical metal devices.

Sense 9 is "a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells" - this is specifically an orchestral instrument, a set of tuned bells (like a glockenspiel or chimes). But in context, these are church bells, individual large bells in a church tower, not an orchestral set.

Sense 1 is "a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck" - this perfectly describes church bells, individual large metal objects.

The answer should be sense 1.

Wait, let me think more carefully. In WordNet, the index is the number at the end? Actually the question says "indexed sense" and the candidates are numbered 1-10, so the answer should be the index number 1-10. But the example output says {"sense_index": 3}.

Actually, I need to be careful - is the "index" referring to the candidate number 1-10 or the sense_key suffix? The example shows {"sense_index": 3}, and candidate 3 is bell%1:11:00::. The instructions say "Do not answer with a WordNet sense key" and "Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}". This suggests the index is the candidate number.

But wait, the sense_key has numbers like bell%1:06:00:: where 00, 02, etc., are lexicographer indices that distinguish senses. And the example chosen is 3 (candidate 3).

Hmm, but looking at WordNet, if we index by sense_key suffix for the ones with 1:06:..., we have:
- 00: hollow device (church bell)
- 02: doorbell
- 04: orchestral percussion instrument
- 03: flared opening

If the actual WordNet sense_index refers to these suffixes, then the sense "church bell" would be index 00. But the example output uses a simple integer 3 which corresponds to candidate 3.

Since the candidates are listed 1-10 and the example says {"sense_index": 3}, I believe they want the candidate list index number (1-10), not the WordNet suffix.

So for this context, the best sense is candidate 1 (bell%1:06:00::).

Therefore, answer: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: weigh
Target surface form: weigh
Context:
Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells <t>weigh</t> more than a ton -- combined with intense mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=weigh%2:42:01:: | definition=have a certain weight
2. sense_key=weigh%2:32:00:: | definition=show consideration for; take into account | synonyms=consider, count | examples=You must consider her age; The judge considered the offender's youth and was lenient
3. sense_key=weigh%2:42:00:: | definition=determine the weight of | synonyms=librate | examples=The butcher weighed the chicken
4. sense_key=weigh%2:42:03:: | definition=have weight; have import, carry weight | synonyms=count, matter | examples=It does not matter much
5. sense_key=weigh%2:42:04:: | definition=to be oppressive or burdensome; , | synonyms=press | examples=weigh heavily on the mind; Something pressed on his mind

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need perform WSD. Need choose among candidate senses for target surface "weigh". Context: "some bells weigh more than a ton". This is stative meaning 'have a certain weight' or maybe 'have weight/import'? In "some bells weigh more than a ton" the verb means they have a certain weight (they are heavy, have weight of more than a ton). Candidate senses:
1. have a certain weight (definition no synonyms). This matches exactly "bells weigh more than a ton" = possess weight X.
3. determine the weight of (agent weighs object). Not passive here? "bells weigh" not agent.
4. have weight; have import, carry weight. Could be figurative? "some bells weigh more than a ton" is literal physical weight, but sense 4 gloss includes have weight (synonyms count, matter) but examples about matter. Sense 1 specifically have a certain weight. So best is sense 1.
5. be oppressive/burdensome, no.
2. consider.
Return JSON {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: intense
Target surface form: intense
Context:
Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with <t>intense</t> mental concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=intense%3:00:00:: | definition=possessing or displaying a distinctive feature to a heightened degree | examples=intense heat; intense anxiety
2. sense_key=intense%5:00:00:sharp:04 | definition=extremely sharp or intense | synonyms=acute | examples=acute pain; felt acute annoyance
3. sense_key=intense%5:00:00:saturated:03 | definition=(of color) having the highest saturation | synonyms=vivid | examples=vivid green; intense blue

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need choose best indexed sense for target lemma intense, surface intense, context is "combined with intense mental concentration." Candidate senses:
1 intense%3:00:00:: definition possessing or displaying a distinctive feature to a heightened degree; examples intense heat; intense anxiety.
2 intense%5:00:00:sharp:04 definition extremely sharp or intense; synonyms acute; examples acute pain; felt acute annoyance.
3 intense%5:00:00:saturated:03 definition of color having highest saturation; synonyms vivid.
Context: "intense mental concentration." Mental concentration is a faculty/process to a high degree. Sense 1 fits: possessing or displaying a distinctive feature to a heightened degree. "intense mental concentration" equals concentration to a heightened degree. Sense 2 is for sharp/intense physical sensations, pain? Could apply maybe acute concentration? But the given examples of sense 2 are acute pain, acute annoyance, but concentration is not sharp. sense 1 covers "intense anxiety" mental state; concentration similar. Sense 3 color only irrelevant. So answer index 1.
We need return only JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}. So {"sense_index": 1}. No extra.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: mental
Target surface form: mental
Context:
Mr. Hammond worries that old age and the flightiness of youth will diminish the ranks of the East Anglian group that keeps the Aslacton bells pealing. History, after all, is not on his side. According to a nationwide survey taken a year ago, nearly a third of England's church bells are no longer rung on Sundays because there is no one to ring them. It is easy to see why the ancient art is on the ropes. The less complicated version of playing tunes on bells, as do the carillons of continental Europe, is considered by the English to be childish, fit only for foreigners. Change-ringing, a mind-boggling exercise the English invented 380 years ago, requires physical dexterity -- some bells weigh more than a ton -- combined with intense <t>mental</t> concentration. Proper English bells are started off in "rounds, "from the highest-pitched bell to the lowest -- a simple descending scale using, in larger churches, as many as 12 bells.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=mental%3:00:00:: | definition=involving the mind or an intellectual process | examples=mental images of happy times; mental calculations
2. sense_key=mental%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to the mind | examples=mental powers; mental development
3. sense_key=mental%3:01:03:: | definition=of or relating to the chin- or liplike structure in insects and certain mollusks
4. sense_key=mental%3:01:04:: | definition=of or relating to the chin or median part of the lower jaw | synonyms=genial
5. sense_key=mental%5:00:00:unhealthy:00 | definition=affected by a disorder of the mind | examples=a mental patient; mental illness

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need answer JSON only. Need choose best sense. Target lemma mental, context phrase "intense mental concentration". Candidate 1 involving the mind or intellectual process, examples mental images/calculations. Candidate 2 of or relating to the mind, examples mental powers/development. Candidate 3/4 anatomical. Candidate 5 unhealthy.

"mind-boggling exercise ... requires physical dexterity -- combined with intense mental concentration." 'Mental' modifies concentration; meaning concentration of the mind/intellect. Similar to sense 1 involving the mind or an intellectual process; "mental concentration" = involving the mind. Sense 2 relational adjective maybe 'of or relating to the mind' often attributive? Compare "mental powers". "Intense mental concentration" could be sense 2? In WordNet, mental%3:00:00 is adjective (all adjectives are 3:00 maybe) "involving the mind or an intellectual process" — includes "mental calculations". mental%3:01:00 "of or relating to the mind". For concentration, it's an exercise requiring intense concentration of the mind. Which synset? Need decide. WordNet adjective senses: mental (senses): 1. involving the mind or an intellectual process; "mental images of happy times"; "mental calculations"; "in terrible dread of mental tests"; "made mental notes to herself" 2. of or relating to the mind; "mental powers"; "mental development"; "mental hygiene" 3. (anatomy) 4. (anatomy) 5. affected by disorder.

"mental concentration" seems exactly sense 1 (involving the mind). Sense 2 is perhaps "relating to the mind". Examples "mental powers" (capabilities), "mental development". Use of "mental" before "concentration" to denote concentration of the mind. I think sense index 1. Must output only JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 3}. So {"sense_index": 1}.