[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bond
Target surface form: bond
Context:
In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology securities have thereby lost some ground. The bond market has fallen. Treasury 10-year bond yields have grown to 3.540% against 3.482% on Tuesday evening, and 30-year <t>bond</t> yields are at 4.497% against 4.492% the previous evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bond%1:19:00:: | definition=an electrical force linking atoms | synonyms=chemical bond
2. sense_key=bond%1:21:02:: | definition=a certificate of debt (usually interest-bearing or discounted) that is issued by a government or corporation in order to raise money; the issuer is required to pay a fixed sum annually until maturity and then a fixed sum to repay the principal | synonyms=bond certificate
3. sense_key=bond%1:24:00:: | definition=a connection based on kinship or marriage or common interest | synonyms=alliance | examples=the shifting alliances within a large family; their friendship constitutes a powerful bond between them
4. sense_key=bond%1:21:03:: | definition=(criminal law) money that must be forfeited by the bondsman if an accused person fails to appear in court for trial | synonyms=bail, bail bond | examples=the judge set bail at $10,000; a $10,000 bond was furnished by an alderman
5. sense_key=bond%1:06:00:: | definition=a restraint that confines or restricts freedom (especially something used to tie down or restrain a prisoner) | synonyms=shackle, hamper, trammel
6. sense_key=bond%1:06:01:: | definition=a connection that fastens things together | synonyms=attachment
7. sense_key=bond%1:27:00:: | definition=a superior quality of strong durable white writing paper; originally made for printing documents | synonyms=bond paper
8. sense_key=bond%1:18:00:: | definition=United States civil rights leader who was elected to the legislature in Georgia but was barred from taking his seat because he opposed the Vietnam War (born 1940) | synonyms=Julian Bond
9. sense_key=bond%1:18:01:: | definition=British secret operative 007 in novels by Ian Fleming | synonyms=James Bond
10. sense_key=bond%1:07:00:: | definition=the property of sticking together (as of glue and wood) or the joining of surfaces of different composition | synonyms=adhesiveness, adhesion, adherence | examples=the mutual adhesiveness of cells; a heated hydraulic press was required for adhesion

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need choose best WordNet sense for "bond" in context target surface. Must output JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}. We have candidate senses list with numbers 1 to 10. Context is financial/economics: "30-year bond yields". So obviously bond as debt certificate. Candidate 2 = bond%1:21:02:: definition certificate of debt government/corporation. So sense_index:2. Need not hedge. Return only JSON object. Ensure exactly like example.

provider: AkashML


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: yield
Target surface form: yields
Context:
In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology securities have thereby lost some ground. The bond market has fallen. Treasury 10-year bond yields have grown to 3.540% against 3.482% on Tuesday evening, and 30-year bond <t>yields</t> are at 4.497% against 4.492% the previous evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=yield%1:04:00:: | definition=production of a certain amount | synonyms=output
2. sense_key=yield%1:21:00:: | definition=the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property | synonyms=return, issue, take, takings, proceeds, payoff | examples=the average return was about 5%
3. sense_key=yield%1:06:00:: | definition=an amount of a product | synonyms=fruit
4. sense_key=yield%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity of something (as a commodity) that is created (usually within a given period of time) | synonyms=output, production | examples=production was up in the second quarter

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content: We need choose best sense for 'yields' in sentence about 30-year bond yields at 4.497%. Candidate senses: 1 production of a certain amount (noun), 2 income/profit from sale of land or property etc. return, 3 an amount of a product, 4 quantity of something created (commodity) usually within period, output/production. In finance, bond yield = return/income from bond, percentage. Among given WordNet senses: sense 1:21:00 synonyms return, issue, take, takings, proceeds, payoff; definition income or profit arising from transactions as sale of land or other property; examples average return was about 5%. That's closest financial return. Sense 4 is production quantity. The context uses yields as percentage returns on Treasury bonds. So answer index 2. Need JSON only.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Ambient

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: evening
Target surface form: evening
Context:
In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology securities have thereby lost some ground. The bond market has fallen. Treasury 10-year bond yields have grown to 3.540% against 3.482% on Tuesday evening, and 30-year bond yields are at 4.497% against 4.492% the previous <t>evening</t>.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=evening%1:28:00:: | definition=the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall) | synonyms=eve, even, eventide | examples=he enjoyed the evening light across the lake
2. sense_key=evening%1:28:01:: | definition=a later concluding time period | examples=it was the evening of the Roman Empire
3. sense_key=evening%1:28:02:: | definition=the early part of night (from dinner until bedtime) spent in a special way | examples=an evening at the opera

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need perform word sense disambiguation. Target: evening in financial context: 'Treasury 10-year bond yields have grown to 3.540% against 3.482% on Tuesday evening, and 30-year bond yields are at 4.497% against 4.492% the previous evening.' Need choose among senses 1,2,3.

Sense1: latter part of day (late afternoon until nightfall). Sense2: later concluding time period (metaphor). Sense3: early part of night spent in special way.

Context: previous evening refers previous day's latter part of day (time period). Tuesday evening likewise. So sense1.

We need return JSON only {"sense_index": 1}. Ensure no extra.

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: deal
Target surface form: deals
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches <t>deals</t> with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=deal%1:04:02:: | definition=a particular instance of buying or selling | synonyms=trade, business deal | examples=it was a package deal; I had no further trade with him
2. sense_key=deal%1:10:00:: | definition=an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each | synonyms=bargain | examples=he made a bargain with the devil; he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals
3. sense_key=deal%1:23:00:: | definition=(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent | synonyms=batch, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful, heap | examples=a batch of letters; a deal of trouble
4. sense_key=deal%1:27:00:: | definition=a plank of softwood (fir or pine board)
5. sense_key=deal%1:27:01:: | definition=wood that is easy to saw (from conifers such as pine or fir) | synonyms=softwood
6. sense_key=deal%1:14:00:: | definition=the cards held in a card game by a given player at any given time | synonyms=hand | examples=I didn't hold a good hand all evening; he kept trying to see my hand
7. sense_key=deal%1:11:00:: | definition=the type of treatment received (especially as the result of an agreement) | examples=he got a good deal on his car
8. sense_key=deal%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of distributing playing cards | examples=the deal was passed around the table clockwise
9. sense_key=deal%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of apportioning or distributing something | examples=the captain was entrusted with the deal of provisions

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need choose best indexed sense for target lemma 'deal', surface form 'deals' plural. Context: Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies. Concerns about violence, political instability, Government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild infrastructure during auctions concluded Saturday. So Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches agreements with foreign oil companies to do business. Candidate senses:
1. deal%1:04:02: a particular instance of buying or selling; trade, business deal; package deal. Example it was a package deal; I had no further trade with him.
2. deal%1:10:00: an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each; bargain; shady deals.
3. quantity.
4.5 plank/wood.
6 hand.
7 type of treatment received especially as result of agreement.
8 act of distributing playing cards.
9 act apportioning/distributing.
Here "reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies" means reached agreements/contracts with companies. The sense likely #1 or #2. Need distinguish. Context: Oil Ministry reaches deals with foreign oil companies to rebuild infrastructure, during auctions. Those are business transactions, agreements to develop oil fields. In oil auctions, the Iraqi government signs oil deals/service contracts. It's an agreement between parties fixing obligations of each. WordNet deal%1:10:00:: "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each; bargain; he made a bargain with the devil; he rose to prominence through series of shady deals." Also deal%1:04:02:: "a particular instance of buying or selling; trade; business deal; it was a package deal; I had no further trade with him".
Which is best? Let's analyze semantics. "reaches deals" = came to an agreement. The phrase "deals with companies" commonly means agreements/contracts. Candidate 1 has synonyms trade, business deal. The definition "particular instance of buying or selling" maybe if the headline said "reaches business deals" exactly. But candidate1 is noun.05? deal%1:04:02 WordNet: a particular transaction; "a business deal". Candidate2 is "an agreement". Both possible but which indexes? The instructions: use sentence context, examples, synonyms. The phrase "reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies" suggests reached agreements more than particular instances. The concerns about violence and attracting major oil companies to rebuild infrastructure. The auctions likely were licensing rounds (technical service contracts). These are agreements between the ministry and companies fixing obligations (e.g., production targets, remuneration fees). So candidate2 agreement is closer. Candidate1 buying/selling maybe more about sale/trade of goods. Also note examples for #1: package deal (which is a deal involving multiple terms), trade with him (transaction). Examples for #2: bargain with devil; shady deals. The headline also plural "deals" reached. In dictionary, "strike a deal" = reach an agreement, corresponds to 1:10:00. "reach a deal" also tends to 1:10:00. I suspect answer is sense_index: 2.
But user asks return JSON object exactly {"sense_index": 3} as format. The 3 in instructions is placeholder. We return selected index.
Need output JSON only with index. For example {"sense_index": 2}. Do not include any explanation. Ensure valid JSON.
Need no hedge. Good.

provider: Together


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: concern
Target surface form: concerns
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite <t>concerns</t> about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=concern%1:09:00:: | definition=something that interests you because it is important or affects you | examples=the safety of the ship is the captain's concern
2. sense_key=concern%1:12:01:: | definition=an anxious feeling | synonyms=care, fear | examples=care had aged him; they hushed it up out of fear of public reaction
3. sense_key=concern%1:12:00:: | definition=a feeling of sympathy for someone or something | examples=She felt strong concern for those less fortunate
4. sense_key=concern%1:09:01:: | definition=something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness | synonyms=worry, headache, vexation | examples=New York traffic is a constant concern; it's a major worry
5. sense_key=concern%1:14:00:: | definition=a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it | synonyms=business, business concern, business organization, business organisation | examples=he bought his brother's business; a small mom-and-pop business

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 Let me analyze the target word "concerns" in this context.

The sentence is: "Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies..."

The word "concerns" here refers to worries or anxieties about violence and political instability. These are things that cause anxiety or are sources of unhappiness/worry.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=concern%1:09:00:: - "something that interests you because it is important or affects you" - This is about something of interest/importance, not quite anxiety.

2. sense_key=concern%1:12:01:: - "an anxious feeling" with synonyms care, fear - This refers to the feeling itself. Example: "care had aged him"

3. sense_key=concern%1:12:00:: - "a feeling of sympathy for someone or something" - This is sympathy/compassion, not right here.

4. sense_key=concern%1:09:01:: - "something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness" with synonyms worry, headache, vexation - Examples: "New York traffic is a constant concern; it's a major worry" - This fits well. Violence and political instability are sources of anxiety/worry.

5. sense_key=concern%1:14:00:: - commercial enterprise/business - clearly not right.

The context talks about "concerns about violence and political instability" - these concerns are the sources of anxiety/worry. The companies might have concerns (worries) that violence and instability would affect their investments.

Sense 4 seems best because "concerns" here refers to things that cause anxiety - the violence and political instability ARE the concerns/worries. Sense 2 would be more like the anxious feeling itself, but here "concerns about X" means X is the source of worry.

Actually, let me reconsider. "Concerns about violence" - are the concerns the anxious feelings, or the sources of anxiety?

If I say "I have concerns about the project," the concerns are my worries/anxious feelings about the project. But in "Despite concerns about violence," it could be interpreted either way.

Looking at the WordNet examples for sense 4: "New York traffic is a constant concern; it's a major worry" - here traffic is a source of worry.

For sense 2: "care had aged him; they hushed it up out of fear of public reaction" - care/fear as feelings.

In the phrase "concerns about X," X is typically the thing being worried about, and "concerns" refers to the worries themselves (anxious feelings). But WordNet sense 4 specifically refers to "something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness."

Hmm, this is tricky. Let me think about the gloss more carefully.

"concerns about violence and political instability" - violence and political instability are causing anxiety for the oil companies. The concerns are about these issues.

I think sense 4 captures this because "violence and political instability" are sources of anxiety. The concerns = the sources of worry. The phrase "concerns about" can map to "worries about" where the concerns/worries are the things causing distress.

Wait - when we say "worries about X," "worries" can be either the feeling or the source. "Money worries" = sources of anxiety. "He has worries about money" = anxious feelings about money.

Similarly, "concerns about violence" likely refers to the fact that violence is a source of concern/anxiety. The companies are concerned (worried) about violence.

Given the examples and glosses, sense 4 ("something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness") seems to best fit "concerns about violence and political instability" because violence and political instability are presented as things causing anxiety.

But I should also consider whether sense 2 is better. Sense 2 is "an anxious feeling" with synonyms care, fear. If "concerns" refers to the feeling of anxiety that people have about violence, then sense 2 might fit.

However, when something is described as "a concern about X," it's typically the source/issue causing worry. The WordNet example "New York traffic is a constant concern" is very similar - the traffic is a source of worry. Here, "violence and political instability" are the concerns (sources of worry).

Also, in news/business contexts, "concerns about X" commonly means that X is a matter of concern/worry, i.e., a source of anxiety. This matches sense 4.

I'll go with sense 4.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: violence
Target surface form: violence
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about <t>violence</t> and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=violence%1:04:01:: | definition=an act of aggression (as one against a person who resists) | synonyms=force | examples=he may accomplish by craft in the long run what he cannot do by force and violence in the short one
2. sense_key=violence%1:07:00:: | definition=the property of being wild or turbulent | synonyms=ferocity, fierceness, furiousness, fury, vehemence, wildness | examples=the storm's violence
3. sense_key=violence%1:26:00:: | definition=a turbulent state resulting in injuries and destruction etc.

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need choose best sense for target word violence in context. Let's reason.
Context: "Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies..." It refers to political/security violence in Iraq: aggression, acts of force/warfare, injuries/destruction. Candidate senses:
1. violence%1:04:01:: definition an act of aggression (as one against a person who resists). syn force. Example about craft vs force and violence. This sense as an act of aggression, often physical force; can refer to violence in society (criminal/political violence).
2. violence%1:07:00:: property of being wild/turbulent; example storm's violence. Not likely for political violence.
3. violence%1:26:00:: definition a turbulent state resulting in injuries and destruction etc. This matches "political instability" and concerns about state of turbulence causing injuries and destruction in Iraq. Which sense is best? The phrase "concerns about violence and political instability" concerns about violence typically meaning violent acts/aggression (1). However sense 3 is a turbulent state resulting in injuries/destruction, could represent the overall violent situation in Iraq. Need choose single best.
Let's examine WordNet senses for noun violence:
- Sense 1: an act of aggression (as one against a person who resists). syn force. "he may accomplish by craft... force and violence". This is countable act.
- Sense 2: the property of being wild or turbulent. "the storm's violence".
- Sense 3: a turbulent state resulting in injuries and destruction etc.
In common English, news headline "concerns about violence" = concern about violent acts. It can also fit sense 3? Since it says "a turbulent state resulting in injuries and destruction" paralleling "political instability" as state. But the phrase "violence" often collocation with political instability; both refer to conditions. Yet sense 3 definition is somewhat broad and abstract; examples? WordNet example maybe "the two sides battled for control, leading to violence". Hmm.
Need not hedge. Which is best indexed sense? We need use sentence context, examples, synonyms. Context: "Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals... Despite concerns about violence and political instability..." The surrounding text: "crippled by decades of war and sanctions." This suggests war, aggression, force. Political instability is a state; violence paired likely refers to acts of armed force/aggression in Iraq. Sense 1 synonyms: force. Sense 3 rather abstract turbulent state.
WordNet sense 1 is commonly the default for "violence" when talking about aggression/war/crime. In SemCor? "violence" frequency: sense 1 (act of aggression) most common. Sense 3 is "a turbulent state resulting in injuries and destruction". In current context "concerns about violence" not a countable act? It can be plural? It says "violence" uncountable, aggregate of violent acts. But gloss "an act of aggression" sense can be used as mass noun.
Let's evaluate synonyms: sense 1 synonym force. The phrase "violence and political instability" also paralleled: force and instability. Actually "violence" can be synonymous with "force" in political contexts (violence as means). Sense 3 synonyms none listed (turbulence). The sentence specifically: "concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. ... crippled by decades of war and sanctions." This is about security situation due to war/aggression.
Sense 2 definitely not.
I think best answer: sense_index: 1.
But let's explore possible nuance: If the test expects sense 3 because violence as "turbulent state" matches with "political instability" (state). Yet WordNet example for sense 1 includes "force and violence". In SemCor, sentence "the use of violence" maybe sense 1. Many contexts of news "violence in Iraq" annotated as sense 1 in MASC? I don't know exact mapping but likely sense 1. The gloss for sense 3 is "a turbulent state resulting in injuries and destruction etc." This could be paraphrase of "violence". But examples? Common use "outbreaks of violence" sense 3 maybe. Pairing with "political instability" strongly indicates state; "violence" is a turbulent condition. However the first definition is "an act of aggression" not conditions. The context phrase "concerns about violence and political instability" lists two conditions Iraq suffers, not an act. Yet it could be about aggregate violent acts.
Let's search memory: WordNet noun violence has three senses. In many WSD datasets, sense 1 is most frequent (act of aggression). For "Despite concerns about violence and political instability", I'd label sense 1.
Need answer exactly JSON {"sense_index": 1}.
No explanation.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: instability
Target surface form: instability
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political <t>instability</t>, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=instability%1:26:00:: | definition=an unstable order
2. sense_key=instability%1:07:01:: | definition=unreliability attributable to being unstable
3. sense_key=instability%1:26:01:: | definition=a lack of balance or state of disequilibrium | synonyms=imbalance, unbalance | examples=a hormonal imbalance
4. sense_key=instability%1:07:00:: | definition=the quality or attribute of being unstable and irresolute | synonyms=unstableness

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need choose best sense for "instability" in context. Need output JSON {"sense_index": <int>}. Let's analyze.

Target: political instability in Iraq due to violence and political situation. Candidate senses:

1. instability%1:26:00:: an unstable order
2. instability%1:07:01:: unreliability attributable to being unstable
3. instability%1:26:01:: a lack of balance or state of disequilibrium; synonyms imbalance, unbalance; examples hormonal imbalance
4. instability%1:07:00:: the quality or attribute of being unstable and irresolute; synonyms unstableness

We need interpret WordNet noun senses. "Instability" has noun in noun.state (1:26) and noun.attribute (1:07) perhaps. Sense 1: an unstable order. Sense 3: lack of balance/state of disequilibrium (imbalance, unbalance). Sense 2: unreliability attributable to being unstable. Sense 4: quality/attribute of being unstable and irresolute.

Context: "concerns about violence and political instability" refers to political situation being unstable, not physical balance or unreliability of a device, nor irresoluteness of a person. Political instability is an unstable order/state of affairs. Which sense covers that? "an unstable order" (sense 1) likely: a lack of stability or order, e.g., political instability. Sense 3 is physical/quantitative disequilibrium, imbalance. Sense 4 is attribute of irresolute. Sense 2 is unreliability attributable to being unstable (unreliability). Political instability = unstable political order -> sense 1. The gloss for sense 1 is schematic. We need use context. Violence and political instability: concerns about unstable political order. So sense 1.

Need ensure index matching candidate order: 1 = an unstable order. So answer {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: government
Target surface form: government
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi <t>government</t> managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=government%1:14:00:: | definition=the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit | synonyms=authorities, regime | examples=the government reduced taxes; the matter was referred to higher authorities
2. sense_key=government%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of governing; exercising authority | synonyms=governing, governance, government activity, administration | examples=regulations for the governing of state prisons; he had considerable experience of government
3. sense_key=government%1:09:00:: | definition=(government) the system or form by which a community or other political unit is governed | examples=tyrannical government
4. sense_key=government%1:09:01:: | definition=the study of government of states and other political units | synonyms=politics, political science

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need do WSD for target lemma government in context. Need choose best indexed sense among 4. Let's analyze. The context: "the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies..." Here government refers to the organization that is governing authority of political unit (Iraq), not act of governing, system/form, or study. Synonyms authorities, regime. Examples "the government reduced taxes". So sense index 1. Need output JSON exactly {"sense_index": 1}. Do not include explanation. Ensure only JSON.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: auction
Target surface form: auctions
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two <t>auctions</t> that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=auction%1:04:01:: | definition=a variety of bridge in which tricks made in excess of the contract are scored toward game; now generally superseded by contract bridge | synonyms=auction bridge
2. sense_key=auction%1:04:00:: | definition=the public sale of something to the highest bidder | synonyms=auction sale, vendue

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to do Word Sense Disambiguation for "auction" in plural "auctions" in the given context.

 Context: Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The deals relate to foreign oil companies playing a role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry.

 Candidate senses:
 1. auction%1:04:01:: - a variety of bridge (auction bridge)
 2. auction%1:04:00:: - the public sale of something to the highest bidder

 Clearly, the context refers to public sales/events where oil companies bid for contracts, not a card game. So sense 2 is correct.

 I need to return only a JSON object: {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: deal
Target surface form: deals
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 <t>deals</t> the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=deal%1:04:02:: | definition=a particular instance of buying or selling | synonyms=trade, business deal | examples=it was a package deal; I had no further trade with him
2. sense_key=deal%1:10:00:: | definition=an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each | synonyms=bargain | examples=he made a bargain with the devil; he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals
3. sense_key=deal%1:23:00:: | definition=(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent | synonyms=batch, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful, heap | examples=a batch of letters; a deal of trouble
4. sense_key=deal%1:27:00:: | definition=a plank of softwood (fir or pine board)
5. sense_key=deal%1:27:01:: | definition=wood that is easy to saw (from conifers such as pine or fir) | synonyms=softwood
6. sense_key=deal%1:14:00:: | definition=the cards held in a card game by a given player at any given time | synonyms=hand | examples=I didn't hold a good hand all evening; he kept trying to see my hand
7. sense_key=deal%1:11:00:: | definition=the type of treatment received (especially as the result of an agreement) | examples=he got a good deal on his car
8. sense_key=deal%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of distributing playing cards | examples=the deal was passed around the table clockwise
9. sense_key=deal%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of apportioning or distributing something | examples=the captain was entrusted with the deal of provisions

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
User wants me to choose the best sense for "deals" in the given context.

Target sentence: "The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry..."

Options:
1. deal%1:04:02:: a particular instance of buying or selling
2. deal%1:10:00:: an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each
3. deal%1:23:00:: a large number or amount or extent
4. deal%1:27:00:: a plank of softwood
5. deal%1:27:01:: wood that is easy to saw
6. deal%1:14:00:: the cards held in a card game
7. deal%1:11:00:: the type of treatment received
8. deal%1:04:00:: the act of distributing playing cards
9. deal%1:04:01:: the act of apportioning or distributing something

Context analysis: "The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies" - these are agreements/contracts made between the Iraqi Oil Ministry and foreign oil companies regarding oil fields/infrastructure.

Sense 2 (deal%1:10:00::) fits best: "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each" with example "he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals". This matches "reached deals with foreign oil companies" - formal agreements/arrangements.

Sense 1 could also fit ("a particular instance of buying or selling"), but the context emphasizes reached agreements/contracts between government and companies, not just buying/selling instances. The phrase "reached deals" and "obligations of each" strongly points to sense 2, especially with the mention that companies walked away with stakes and that there were auctions/concluded agreements.

Sense 2 is the single best indexed sense.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: china
Target surface form: China
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that <t>China</t>, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=china%1:15:00:: | definition=a communist nation that covers a vast territory in eastern Asia; the most populous country in the world | synonyms=People's Republic of China, mainland China, Communist China, Red China, PRC, Cathay
2. sense_key=china%1:06:00:: | definition=high quality porcelain originally made only in China
3. sense_key=china%1:15:01:: | definition=a government on the island of Taiwan established in 1949 by Chiang Kai-shek after the conquest of mainland China by the Communists led by Mao Zedong | synonyms=Taiwan, Nationalist China, Republic of China
4. sense_key=china%1:06:01:: | definition=dishware made of high quality porcelain | synonyms=chinaware

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need choose best sense for "China" in context. Sentence: deals reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play major role. Clearly refers to nation (People's Republic of China). Candidate sense 1 communist nation etc. So answer JSON {"sense_index":1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: russia
Target surface form: Russia
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, <t>Russia</t> and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=russia%1:15:00:: | definition=a former communist country in eastern Europe and northern Asia; established in 1922; included Russia and 14 other soviet socialist republics (Ukraine and Byelorussia and others); officially dissolved 31 December 1991 | synonyms=Soviet Union, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, USSR
2. sense_key=russia%1:15:01:: | definition=formerly the largest Soviet Socialist Republic in the USSR occupying eastern Europe and northern Asia | synonyms=Soviet Russia, Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic
3. sense_key=russia%1:15:02:: | definition=a former empire in eastern Europe and northern Asia created in the 14th century with Moscow as the capital; powerful in the 17th and 18th centuries under Peter the Great and Catherine the Great when Saint Petersburg was the capital; overthrown by revolution in 1917
4. sense_key=russia%1:15:04:: | definition=a federation in northeastern Europe and northern Asia; formerly Soviet Russia; since 1991 an independent state | synonyms=Russian Federation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer as JSON {"sense_index": N}. Need choose best indexed sense for Russia in context. Context: current 2009/2010 article about Iraq oil deals with foreign oil companies, China, Russia and European oil firms. Russia as modern independent state, Russian Federation, sense 4. The other senses refer to Soviet Union (1), Soviet Russia SSR (2), Russian Empire (3). In contemporary usage post-1991, Russia = Russian Federation. The article likely from 2009. So answer sense_index: 4.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: oil
Target surface form: oil
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European <t>oil</t> firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=oil%1:27:00:: | definition=a slippery or viscous liquid or liquefiable substance not miscible with water
2. sense_key=oil%1:06:01:: | definition=oil paint containing pigment that is used by an artist | synonyms=oil color, oil colour
3. sense_key=oil%1:27:01:: | definition=a dark oil consisting mainly of hydrocarbons | synonyms=petroleum, crude oil, crude, rock oil, fossil oil
4. sense_key=oil%1:13:00:: | definition=any of a group of liquid edible fats that are obtained from plants | synonyms=vegetable oil

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need choose best indexed sense for target word "oil" in context. Sentence: "Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies... European <t>oil</t> firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry..." It's about petroleum industry. Candidate senses: 1 generic oil, 2 paint, 3 petroleum/crude oil, 4 vegetable oil. Best is sense 3. Need answer JSON only {"sense_index": 3}. Ensure no explanation.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: role
Target surface form: role
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major <t>role</t> in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=role%1:04:00:: | definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=function, office, part | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part
2. sense_key=role%1:09:00:: | definition=an actor's portrayal of someone in a play | synonyms=character, theatrical role, part, persona | examples=she played the part of Desdemona
3. sense_key=role%1:07:00:: | definition=what something is used for | synonyms=function, purpose, use | examples=the function of an auger is to bore holes; ballet is beautiful but what use is it?
4. sense_key=role%1:04:01:: | definition=normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting | examples=what is your role on the team?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with single JSON object sense_index. Need disambiguate "role" in context. Sentence: "The 10 deals ... suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry". Here role = part/function they will have, activities expected/assigned to group, or customary activity of a person/group in social setting? Compare candidate senses. Sense 1: actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group (function, office, part). Example government must do its part. Sense 4: normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting. Example what is your role on the team? Sense 3: what something is used for (function, purpose, use), typically object not people. Here actor = countries/firms. "play a major role in refurbishing" means they will have an important part/function in the activity. Which index best? WordNet role%1:04:00:: vs role%1:04:01::. The phrase "play a role" often maps to sense 1? Let's inspect WordNet. role noun: 1. function, role, use, purpose (what something is used for) sense 1:09 actor portrayal; sense 1:04 normal or customary activity of person in social setting; maybe 1:04 has two sub-senses? Actually WordNet 3.1 role: 1. function, office, part, role (the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group) "the function of a teacher"; "the government must do its part"; "play its role" likely sense 1. 2. character, role, theatrical role, part, persona. 3. function, purpose, use, role. 4. role (normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting) "what is your role on the team?". They are talking about countries/companies playing a major role in an industry refurbishment. It's not customary/social setting, but expected/assigned activities. Thus sense 1. Need output JSON only.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: decade
Target surface form: decades
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by <t>decades</t> of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=decade%1:28:00:: | definition=a period of 10 years | synonyms=decennary, decennium
2. sense_key=decade%1:23:00:: | definition=the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system | synonyms=ten, 10, X, tenner

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let the user be in a conversational interaction with an English linguist. We are doing WSD. We must output only JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}. The target lemma: decade, surface form: decades, in sentence "crippled by decades of war and sanctions." Candidate senses: 1=period of 10 years; 2=cardinal number ten. In this context "decades" means a period of 10 years (plural), not the number ten. So index 1. We must not answer with a WordNet sense key, only JSON with sense_index. We must be helpful but follow exact output.

Double-check: The candidate sense 1 is decade%1:28:00::, definition a period of 10 years, synonyms decennary, decennium. Candidate 2 is cardinal number 10. The context: "decades of war and sanctions" means many 10-year periods. So best is sense 1. Output {"sense_index": 1}. Ensure not extra content.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: war
Target surface form: war
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of <t>war</t> and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=war%1:04:00:: | definition=the waging of armed conflict against an enemy | synonyms=warfare | examples=thousands of people were killed in the war
2. sense_key=war%1:26:00:: | definition=a legal state created by a declaration of war and ended by official declaration during which the international rules of war apply | synonyms=state of war | examples=war was declared in November but actual fighting did not begin until the following spring
3. sense_key=war%1:04:02:: | definition=an active struggle between competing entities | synonyms=warfare | examples=a price war; a war of wits
4. sense_key=war%1:04:01:: | definition=a concerted campaign to end something that is injurious | examples=the war on poverty; the war against crime

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform word sense disambiguation for the target word "war" in the given context. Let me analyze the context and the candidate senses.

Context: "The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of <t>war</t> and sanctions."

The word "war" here refers to armed conflicts that Iraq has experienced, which have crippled its oil industry. It's referring to actual armed conflict/military conflict.

Candidate senses:
1. war%1:04:00:: - the waging of armed conflict against an enemy; synonyms=warfare; examples="thousands of people were killed in the war"
2. war%1:26:00:: - a legal state created by a declaration of war; synonyms=state of war
3. war%1:04:02:: - an active struggle between competing entities; examples="a price war; a war of wits"
4. war%1:04:01:: - a concerted campaign to end something injurious; examples="the war on poverty; the war against crime"

The context clearly refers to actual armed conflict (Iraq's wars, military conflicts), so sense 1 is the best fit. The phrase "decades of war and sanctions" is talking about prolonged armed conflict that has damaged infrastructure. This matches sense 1 perfectly - "the waging of armed conflict against an enemy."

The answer should be a JSON object like {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sanction
Target surface form: sanctions
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and <t>sanctions</t>. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sanction%1:10:00:: | definition=formal and explicit approval | synonyms=countenance, endorsement, indorsement, warrant, imprimatur | examples=a Democrat usually gets the union's endorsement
2. sense_key=sanction%1:04:02:: | definition=a mechanism of social control for enforcing a society's standards
3. sense_key=sanction%1:07:00:: | definition=official permission or approval | synonyms=authority, authorization, authorisation | examples=authority for the program was renewed several times
4. sense_key=sanction%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of final authorization | examples=it had the sanction of the church

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need perform WSD for lemma sanction, surface sanctions. Context: " crippled by decades of war and sanctions." The word "sanctions" here likely means punitive economic measures (e.g., international sanctions against Iraq). But the candidate senses listed are only four: 1:10:00 (approval), 1:04:02 (mechanism of social control for enforcing standards), 1:07:00 (official permission), 1:04:01 (act of final authorization). None of them correspond to economic/punitive sanction sense (WordNet has another sense? Actually WordNet includes sanction noun senses: 1) formal and explicit approval ( endorse), 2) a mechanism of social control for enforcing standards, 3) official permission, 4) the act of final authorization. It may lack separate economic penalty? Wait "sanction" in WordNet also has verb. For noun, senses: 1:10:00:: formal and explicit approval; 1:04:02:: a mechanism of social control for enforcing a society's standards; 1:07:00:: official permission or approval; 1:04:01:: the act of final authorization. None is "a coercive measure intended to enforce international law" but sense 2 approximates mechanism of social control. However in context Iraq crippled by sanctions likely international sanctions as social control mechanism? Need choose single best. Which indexed sense? Candidate senses listed by numbers 1-4. We need choose one. Definition of sense 2: "a mechanism of social control for enforcing a society's standards". That's most plausible among given. Sanctions on Iraq are punitive measures enforcing international/societal standards. Sense 1: approval. Context not approval. Sense 3: official permission. Not. Sense 4: final authorization. Not. So answer index 2. We must return JSON exactly {"sense_index": 2}.

provider: Parasail


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: company
Target surface form: companies
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American <t>companies</t> walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=company%1:14:01:: | definition=an institution created to conduct business | examples=he only invests in large well-established companies; he started the company in his garage
2. sense_key=company%1:14:03:: | definition=small military unit; usually two or three platoons
3. sense_key=company%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being with someone | synonyms=companionship, fellowship, society | examples=he missed their company; he enjoyed the society of his friends
4. sense_key=company%1:14:02:: | definition=organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical) | synonyms=troupe | examples=the traveling company all stayed at the same hotel
5. sense_key=company%1:18:00:: | definition=a social or business visitor | synonyms=caller | examples=the room was a mess because he hadn't expected company
6. sense_key=company%1:14:00:: | definition=a social gathering of guests or companions | examples=the house was filled with company when I arrived
7. sense_key=company%1:14:06:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=party | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
8. sense_key=company%1:14:04:: | definition=crew of a ship including the officers; the whole force or personnel of a ship | synonyms=ship's company
9. sense_key=company%1:14:05:: | definition=a unit of firefighters including their equipment | examples=a hook-and-ladder company

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need determine best sense for target word surface form companies in context.
Target sentence: American <t>companies</t> walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction.
This context is about foreign oil companies, American companies paying to participate in auction, deals. So companies = business institutions.
Candidate sense 1 company%1:14:01:: definition=an institution created to conduct business examples: he only invests in large well-established companies; he started the company in his garage.
The plural companies matches business institutions_oil companies are corporations/institutions created to conduct business.
Sense 7? a band of people associated temporarily in some activity synonyms party. But 'American companies' here means American corporations not people. Sense 4 troupe theatrical no. 8 ship no. 5 visitor no. 6 gathering no. 2 military unit no. 3 state of being with someone no. 9 firefighters no. Thus best indexed sense 1. Need return JSON exactly {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: stake
Target surface form: stakes
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with <t>stakes</t> in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=stake%1:21:02:: | definition=(law) a right or legal share of something; a financial involvement with something | synonyms=interest | examples=they have interests all over the world; a stake in the company's future
2. sense_key=stake%1:10:00:: | definition=a pole or stake set up to mark something (as the start or end of a race track) | synonyms=post | examples=a pair of posts marked the goal; the corner of the lot was indicated by a stake
3. sense_key=stake%1:06:01:: | definition=instrument of execution consisting of a vertical post that a victim is tied to for burning
4. sense_key=stake%1:21:00:: | definition=the money risked on a gamble | synonyms=stakes, bet, wager
5. sense_key=stake%1:06:00:: | definition=a strong wooden or metal post with a point at one end so it can be driven into the ground

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with JSON only. Need choose sense. Context: American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. This is about financial involvement/ownership shares in oil fields. Candidate 1: (law) a right or legal share of something; a financial involvement with something; synonyms interest; examples a stake in the company's future. Candidate 4: money risked on a gamble; synonyms stakes, bet, wager. Here stakes means shares/interests, not money risked on a gamble. So sense 1. Need output JSON {"sense_index": 1}. Ensure only JSON.

provider: Cloudflare


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: field
Target surface form: fields
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned <t>fields</t>. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=field%1:15:00:: | definition=a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed | examples=he planted a field of wheat
2. sense_key=field%1:15:04:: | definition=a region where a battle is being (or has been) fought | synonyms=battlefield, battleground, field of battle, field of honor | examples=they made a tour of Civil War battlefields
3. sense_key=field%1:15:01:: | definition=somewhere (away from a studio or office or library or laboratory) where practical work is done or data is collected | examples=anthropologists do much of their work in the field
4. sense_key=field%1:09:00:: | definition=a branch of knowledge | synonyms=discipline, subject, subject area, subject field, field of study, study | examples=in what discipline is his doctorate?; teachers should be well trained in their subject
5. sense_key=field%1:19:00:: | definition=the space around a radiating body within which its electromagnetic oscillations can exert force on another similar body not in contact with it | synonyms=field of force, force field
6. sense_key=field%1:04:00:: | definition=a particular kind of commercial enterprise | synonyms=field of operation, line of business | examples=they are outstanding in their field
7. sense_key=field%1:26:00:: | definition=a particular environment or walk of life | synonyms=sphere, domain, area, orbit, arena | examples=his social sphere is limited; it was a closed area of employment
8. sense_key=field%1:15:02:: | definition=a piece of land prepared for playing a game | synonyms=playing field, athletic field, playing area | examples=the home crowd cheered when Princeton took the field
9. sense_key=field%1:17:00:: | definition=extensive tract of level open land | synonyms=plain, champaign | examples=they emerged from the woods onto a vast open plain; he longed for the fields of his youth
10. sense_key=field%1:14:00:: | definition=(mathematics) a set of elements such that addition and multiplication are commutative and associative and multiplication is distributive over addition and there are two elements 0 and 1 | examples=the set of all rational numbers is a field
11. sense_key=field%1:15:03:: | definition=a region in which active military operations are in progress | synonyms=field of operations, theater, theater of operations, theatre, theatre of operations | examples=the army was in the field awaiting action; he served in the Vietnam theater for three years
12. sense_key=field%1:14:01:: | definition=all of the horses in a particular horse race
13. sense_key=field%1:14:02:: | definition=all the competitors in a particular contest or sporting event
14. sense_key=field%1:15:05:: | definition=a geographic region (land or sea) under which something valuable is found | examples=the diamond fields of South Africa
15. sense_key=field%1:14:03:: | definition=(computer science) a set of one or more adjacent characters comprising a unit of information
16. sense_key=field%1:09:01:: | definition=the area that is visible (as through an optical instrument) | synonyms=field of view
17. sense_key=field%1:06:00:: | definition=a place where planes take off and land | synonyms=airfield, landing field, flying field

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer only JSON. Let's disambiguate. Context: oil auctioned fields. "American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields." In oil industry context, fields=oil fields. Which WordNet sense? Candidate 14: a geographic region (land or sea) under which something valuable is found; examples: the diamond fields of South Africa. This fits oil fields. Also sense 1 piece of land cleared etc; sense 15? no. Sense 14 specifically valuable resource geographic region. So best is sense 14. Answer {"sense_index": 14}. Ensure only JSON.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: company
Target surface form: companies
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American <t>companies</t> had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=company%1:14:01:: | definition=an institution created to conduct business | examples=he only invests in large well-established companies; he started the company in his garage
2. sense_key=company%1:14:03:: | definition=small military unit; usually two or three platoons
3. sense_key=company%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being with someone | synonyms=companionship, fellowship, society | examples=he missed their company; he enjoyed the society of his friends
4. sense_key=company%1:14:02:: | definition=organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical) | synonyms=troupe | examples=the traveling company all stayed at the same hotel
5. sense_key=company%1:18:00:: | definition=a social or business visitor | synonyms=caller | examples=the room was a mess because he hadn't expected company
6. sense_key=company%1:14:00:: | definition=a social gathering of guests or companions | examples=the house was filled with company when I arrived
7. sense_key=company%1:14:06:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=party | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
8. sense_key=company%1:14:04:: | definition=crew of a ship including the officers; the whole force or personnel of a ship | synonyms=ship's company
9. sense_key=company%1:14:05:: | definition=a unit of firefighters including their equipment | examples=a hook-and-ladder company

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer JSON with sense_index. Need choose sense for "companies" in sentence: "Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction". Context about foreign oil companies, business institutions. So sense_key=company%1:14:01:: definition=an institution created to conduct business. That is candidate index 1. Need return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: auction
Target surface form: auction
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second <t>auction</t>, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=auction%1:04:01:: | definition=a variety of bridge in which tricks made in excess of the contract are scored toward game; now generally superseded by contract bridge | synonyms=auction bridge
2. sense_key=auction%1:04:00:: | definition=the public sale of something to the highest bidder | synonyms=auction sale, vendue

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer a WSD problem. User context target word auction in sentence about Iraqi Oil Ministry two auctions that concluded Saturday. Candidate senses: 1 bridge game; 2 public sale. The correct sense is public sale of something to highest bidder. Need return JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 3}. But candidate indexes are 1 and 2. We should use {"sense_index": 2}. Need ensure only JSON object no explanation. We need be careful: instructions say do not answer with WordNet sense key, return only JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}. This example uses index 3, but our answer should be 2. Return only JSON. Final lines only JSON.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bid
Target surface form: bid
Context:
Iraqi Oil Ministry reaches deals with 10 foreign oil companies Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a <t>bid</t> lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bid%1:10:03:: | definition=an authoritative direction or instruction to do something | synonyms=command, bidding, dictation
2. sense_key=bid%1:04:00:: | definition=an attempt to get something | synonyms=play | examples=they made a futile play for power; he made a bid to gain attention
3. sense_key=bid%1:10:00:: | definition=a formal proposal to buy at a specified price | synonyms=tender
4. sense_key=bid%1:10:01:: | definition=(bridge) the number of tricks a bridge player is willing to contract to make | synonyms=bidding

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "bid" in the given context. Let me analyze the context carefully.

Context: "The only one that submitted a <t>bid</t> lost." This is about auctions where oil companies were competing for oil fields in Iraq.

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. bid%1:10:03:: - "an authoritative direction or instruction to do something" (command, bidding, dictation)
2. bid%1:04:00:: - "an attempt to get something" (play)
3. bid%1:10:00:: - "a formal proposal to buy at a specified price" (tender)
4. bid%1:10:01:: - "(bridge) the number of tricks a bridge player is willing to contract to make"

The context is clearly about an auction where companies submitted bids. In an auction, a bid is a formal proposal to buy something at a specified price. This matches sense 3: "a formal proposal to buy at a specified price" with synonyms "tender".

Sense 2 is about an attempt to get something, but in this specific context of auctions and companies paying to participate and submitting bids for oil fields, the commercial/proposal sense is more precise.

The answer should be a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: company
Target surface form: companies
Context:
Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American <t>companies</t> reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=company%1:14:01:: | definition=an institution created to conduct business | examples=he only invests in large well-established companies; he started the company in his garage
2. sense_key=company%1:14:03:: | definition=small military unit; usually two or three platoons
3. sense_key=company%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being with someone | synonyms=companionship, fellowship, society | examples=he missed their company; he enjoyed the society of his friends
4. sense_key=company%1:14:02:: | definition=organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical) | synonyms=troupe | examples=the traveling company all stayed at the same hotel
5. sense_key=company%1:18:00:: | definition=a social or business visitor | synonyms=caller | examples=the room was a mess because he hadn't expected company
6. sense_key=company%1:14:00:: | definition=a social gathering of guests or companions | examples=the house was filled with company when I arrived
7. sense_key=company%1:14:06:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=party | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
8. sense_key=company%1:14:04:: | definition=crew of a ship including the officers; the whole force or personnel of a ship | synonyms=ship's company
9. sense_key=company%1:14:05:: | definition=a unit of firefighters including their equipment | examples=a hook-and-ladder company

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need do WSD for lemma company, surface form companies, context. We need choose from 9 candidate senses. Need output JSON {"sense_index": <1-based index>}. Let's parse context.

Context: "Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts."

Target is "companies" in "Two American companies reached deals...". Clearly meaning business institutions (oil companies). Candidate 1: an institution created to conduct business; examples large well-established companies. That fits. The other senses: military unit, state of being with someone, performers, visitor, social gathering, band of people, ship crew, firefighters. Not relevant. So choose sense 1.

Need return only JSON object. Do not use sense key. Ensure exactly {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: deal
Target surface form: deals
Context:
Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached <t>deals</t> for fields auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=deal%1:04:02:: | definition=a particular instance of buying or selling | synonyms=trade, business deal | examples=it was a package deal; I had no further trade with him
2. sense_key=deal%1:10:00:: | definition=an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each | synonyms=bargain | examples=he made a bargain with the devil; he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals
3. sense_key=deal%1:23:00:: | definition=(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent | synonyms=batch, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful, heap | examples=a batch of letters; a deal of trouble
4. sense_key=deal%1:27:00:: | definition=a plank of softwood (fir or pine board)
5. sense_key=deal%1:27:01:: | definition=wood that is easy to saw (from conifers such as pine or fir) | synonyms=softwood
6. sense_key=deal%1:14:00:: | definition=the cards held in a card game by a given player at any given time | synonyms=hand | examples=I didn't hold a good hand all evening; he kept trying to see my hand
7. sense_key=deal%1:11:00:: | definition=the type of treatment received (especially as the result of an agreement) | examples=he got a good deal on his car
8. sense_key=deal%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of distributing playing cards | examples=the deal was passed around the table clockwise
9. sense_key=deal%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of apportioning or distributing something | examples=the captain was entrusted with the deal of provisions

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "deals" in the context "Two American companies reached <t>deals</t> for fields auctioned in June" refers to agreements reached between parties. The context is about auctions where oil companies reach agreements with the Iraqi government for oil fields.

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. A particular instance of buying or selling - could fit, but "trade/business deal" focuses on the transaction itself.
2. An agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each - this fits perfectly. The companies reached agreements/contracts for the fields.
3. A large number or amount - doesn't fit.
4. A plank of softwood - doesn't fit.
5. Wood that is easy to saw - doesn't fit.
6. Cards in card game - doesn't fit.
7. Type of treatment received - doesn't fit.
8. Act of distributing playing cards - doesn't fit.
9. Act of apportioning or distributing - doesn't fit.

Sense 2 is the best fit because "reached deals" in this context means "reached agreements/contracts" between the American companies and the Iraqi government. The example "he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals" supports that this sense refers to agreements in business/political contexts.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: field
Target surface form: fields
Context:
Despite concerns about violence and political instability, the Iraqi government managed to attract major oil companies to rebuild its ailing infrastructure during two auctions that concluded Saturday. The 10 deals the Iraqi Oil Ministry reached with foreign oil companies suggest that China, Russia and European oil firms are poised to play a major role in refurbishing Iraq's oil industry, crippled by decades of war and sanctions. American companies walked away with stakes in just two of the 10 auctioned fields. Seven American companies had paid to participate in the second auction, which began Friday. The only one that submitted a bid lost. Two American companies reached deals for <t>fields</t> auctioned in June. The meager representation of American oil giants in Iraq's opening oil industry surprised analysts.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=field%1:15:00:: | definition=a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed | examples=he planted a field of wheat
2. sense_key=field%1:15:04:: | definition=a region where a battle is being (or has been) fought | synonyms=battlefield, battleground, field of battle, field of honor | examples=they made a tour of Civil War battlefields
3. sense_key=field%1:15:01:: | definition=somewhere (away from a studio or office or library or laboratory) where practical work is done or data is collected | examples=anthropologists do much of their work in the field
4. sense_key=field%1:09:00:: | definition=a branch of knowledge | synonyms=discipline, subject, subject area, subject field, field of study, study | examples=in what discipline is his doctorate?; teachers should be well trained in their subject
5. sense_key=field%1:19:00:: | definition=the space around a radiating body within which its electromagnetic oscillations can exert force on another similar body not in contact with it | synonyms=field of force, force field
6. sense_key=field%1:04:00:: | definition=a particular kind of commercial enterprise | synonyms=field of operation, line of business | examples=they are outstanding in their field
7. sense_key=field%1:26:00:: | definition=a particular environment or walk of life | synonyms=sphere, domain, area, orbit, arena | examples=his social sphere is limited; it was a closed area of employment
8. sense_key=field%1:15:02:: | definition=a piece of land prepared for playing a game | synonyms=playing field, athletic field, playing area | examples=the home crowd cheered when Princeton took the field
9. sense_key=field%1:17:00:: | definition=extensive tract of level open land | synonyms=plain, champaign | examples=they emerged from the woods onto a vast open plain; he longed for the fields of his youth
10. sense_key=field%1:14:00:: | definition=(mathematics) a set of elements such that addition and multiplication are commutative and associative and multiplication is distributive over addition and there are two elements 0 and 1 | examples=the set of all rational numbers is a field
11. sense_key=field%1:15:03:: | definition=a region in which active military operations are in progress | synonyms=field of operations, theater, theater of operations, theatre, theatre of operations | examples=the army was in the field awaiting action; he served in the Vietnam theater for three years
12. sense_key=field%1:14:01:: | definition=all of the horses in a particular horse race
13. sense_key=field%1:14:02:: | definition=all the competitors in a particular contest or sporting event
14. sense_key=field%1:15:05:: | definition=a geographic region (land or sea) under which something valuable is found | examples=the diamond fields of South Africa
15. sense_key=field%1:14:03:: | definition=(computer science) a set of one or more adjacent characters comprising a unit of information
16. sense_key=field%1:09:01:: | definition=the area that is visible (as through an optical instrument) | synonyms=field of view
17. sense_key=field%1:06:00:: | definition=a place where planes take off and land | synonyms=airfield, landing field, flying field

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need choose sense index for "fields" in context sentence: "Two American companies reached deals for fields auctioned in June." Context: oil fields / auctioned fields in Iraqi oil industry. Candidate senses:
1 land cleared of trees enclosed maybe farmland
2 battlefield
3 practical work/data collection away from lab
4 branch of knowledge
5 force field
6 commercial enterprise
7 environment/walk of life
8 playing field
9 extensive tract open land (plain)
10 math
11 military operations region
12 all horses
13 all competitors
14 geographic region under which something valuable is found (diamond fields)
15 cs field
16 field of view
17 airfield
The sentence refers to oil fields auctioned by Iraqi Oil Ministry. Definition 14 fits: "a geographic region (land or sea) under which something valuable is found; examples: the diamond fields of South Africa". Oil fields. index 14.
Need output JSON only {"sense_index": 14}.