[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: stranger
Target surface form: stranger
Context:
This favorite grievance was not the landlord. He had already quite forgotten about him. In fact, he had only mentioned him on the spur of the moment. His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the <t>stranger</t> sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=stranger%1:18:00:: | definition=anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found | synonyms=alien, unknown
2. sense_key=stranger%1:18:01:: | definition=an individual that one is not acquainted with

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "stranger" in the given context. I need to choose the best sense from the two candidates.

Context: A man is in a bar/pub, drinking highballs. He notices he's not alone and sees "the stranger" sitting across the table, smiling at him conspiratorially. He hadn't noticed the person sit down - implying he doesn't know this person.

Sense 1: anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found | synonyms=alien, unknown
Sense 2: an individual that one is not acquainted with

Which is better?

Sense 1 emphasizes belonging to/not belonging to an environment. "Alien, unknown" - a foreigner or outsider.
Sense 2 emphasizes not being personally acquainted.

In the context, the narrator says "He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down." Wait, "what was his name? Pete?" This is interesting. The man seems to be trying to recall the stranger's name. This might suggest that he actually does know the person slightly? Or maybe he's just guessing?

Actually, re-reading: "He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down." The dashes show the man is trying to remember the stranger's name. This could mean: the man is drunk and can't remember if he was introduced to this person, or it could be that he's calling the stranger "Pete" generically?

Hmm, but the text says "the stranger" - and he didn't notice him sit down. The fact that he can't remember the name doesn't necessarily mean he knows him. It could just be that he's hazarding a guess or the narrative voice is being casual.

But the key description: "beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators." This suggests an unexpected person, someone not belonging there in that private moment, someone who intruded.

However, the question is between "not belonging in the environment" vs. "not acquainted with."

In typical usage, if you call someone "a stranger" in a bar who has sat across from you, you usually mean "someone I don't know." That's Sense 2. The focus is on lack of personal acquaintance.

Sense 1 would be more like "an outsider in this community" - someone who doesn't belong. But the context says the man had forgotten about the landlord, and his real grievance was Lolly. Then a stranger appears. This could be someone who doesn't fit into the bar scene? Or someone unexpected?

Actually, let's think about WordNet senses more carefully:
- Sense 1 (stranger%1:18:00::): "anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found" - this is the "outsider" sense, someone out of place.
- Sense 2 (stranger%1:18:01::): "an individual that one is not acquainted with" - this is the interpersonal "unknown person" sense.

The context: The man is alone, drinking. Then he realizes "he was not alone." He sees "the stranger" sitting across from him. He didn't see him sit down. The smile is "secret" as if "fellow conspirators." This is definitely someone he doesn't know personally - an unknown individual. The focus is on the narrator/protagonist not knowing who this person is, not on whether the stranger belongs in the environment.

Also, the phrase "what was his name? Pete?" - even if joking, suggests uncertainty about identity/acquaintance.

The most common sense of "stranger" when referring to a person sitting at a table with you is "someone not known to me" (Sense 2).

I'll go with Sense 2.

But wait, I need to consider the example for Sense 1: "anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found" - synonyms alien, unknown. Could "the stranger" in this literary context mean "the outsider," a thematic stranger figure?

The text is from a literary work. The "stranger" could be a mysterious figure. But the immediate context is that the man doesn't know him personally. "As if they were fellow conspirators" suggests an unknown person who seems familiar or complicit.

I think Sense 2 is best.

JSON output: {"sense_index": 2}

Wait, need to check instructions: "Do not answer with a WordNet sense key." "Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}."

So output should be exactly the JSON with the chosen sense index.

The sense keys given are:
1. stranger%1:18:00::
2. stranger%1:18:01::

But the instructions say "Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}." - this is just an example format. I should use the index of the sense I choose. Since I think Sense 2 (an individual that one is not acquainted with) is best, I should return {"sense_index": 2}.

Hmm, but should I consider the possibility that the two senses could be swapped? Sometimes WordNet order can be confusing. But the user clearly labels them as sense 1 and sense 2 with definitions. I just choose the index.

Final answer: {"sense_index": 2}


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sit
Target surface form: sitting
Context:
This favorite grievance was not the landlord. He had already quite forgotten about him. In fact, he had only mentioned him on the spur of the moment. His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger <t>sitting</t> across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sit%2:35:00:: | definition=be seated | synonyms=sit down
2. sense_key=sit%2:42:00:: | definition=be around, often idly or without specific purpose | synonyms=sit around | examples=The object sat in the corner; We sat around chatting for another hour
3. sense_key=sit%2:38:00:: | definition=take a seat | synonyms=sit down
4. sense_key=sit%2:38:01:: | definition=be in session | examples=When does the court of law sit?
5. sense_key=sit%2:39:00:: | definition=assume a posture as for artistic purposes | synonyms=model, pose, posture | examples=We don't know the woman who posed for Leonardo so often
6. sense_key=sit%2:38:03:: | definition=sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions | synonyms=ride | examples=She never sat a horse!; Did you ever ride a camel?
7. sense_key=sit%2:42:05:: | definition=be located or situated somewhere | examples=The White House sits on Pennsylvania Avenue
8. sense_key=sit%2:41:05:: | definition=work or act as a baby-sitter | synonyms=baby-sit | examples=I cannot baby-sit tonight; I have too much homework to do
9. sense_key=sit%2:35:01:: | definition=show to a seat; assign a seat for | synonyms=seat, sit down | examples=The host seated me next to Mrs. Smith
10. sense_key=sit%2:33:00:: | definition=serve in a specific professional capacity | examples=the priest sat for confession; she sat on the jury

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "sitting" (lemma: sit). I need to choose the best sense from the candidate senses.

Context: "he looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him"

The stranger is in a seated position across the table. This means "be seated" - sense 1.

Let me check the candidates:
1. sit%2:35:00:: - be seated - this matches "sitting across the table"
2. sit%2:42:00:: - be around idly - doesn't fit
3. sit%2:38:00:: - take a seat - this is the action of sitting down, but here it's a state of being seated
4. sit%2:38:01:: - be in session - no
5. sit%2:39:00:: - pose - no
6. sit%2:38:03:: - ride - no
7. sit%2:42:05:: - be located - no
8. sit%2:41:05:: - baby-sit - no
9. sit%2:35:01:: - show to a seat - no
10. sit%2:33:00:: - serve in professional capacity - no

Between sense 1 and sense 3:
- Sense 1: be seated (state)
- Sense 3: take a seat (action)

In the context "the stranger sitting across the table", it describes the state/position of the stranger - he is already seated across the table. It describes a state, not the action of sitting down. The next sentence confirms "he hadn't seen him sit down" - the action of sitting down is separate and has already happened.

So the best sense is sense 1: be seated.

The answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Ambient

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: table
Target surface form: table
Context:
This favorite grievance was not the landlord. He had already quite forgotten about him. In fact, he had only mentioned him on the spur of the moment. His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the <t>table</t>, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=table%1:14:00:: | definition=a set of data arranged in rows and columns | synonyms=tabular array | examples=see table 1
2. sense_key=table%1:06:01:: | definition=a piece of furniture having a smooth flat top that is usually supported by one or more vertical legs | examples=it was a sturdy table
3. sense_key=table%1:06:02:: | definition=a piece of furniture with tableware for a meal laid out on it | examples=I reserved a table at my favorite restaurant
4. sense_key=table%1:17:00:: | definition=flat tableland with steep edges | synonyms=mesa | examples=the tribe was relatively safe on the mesa but they had to descend into the valley for water
5. sense_key=table%1:14:01:: | definition=a company of people assembled at a table for a meal or game | examples=he entertained the whole table with his witty remarks
6. sense_key=table%1:13:01:: | definition=food or meals in general | synonyms=board | examples=she sets a fine table; room and board

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with JSON sense index. Need determine WSD for "table" in context. Surface form "table". Context: a bar/dining setting? Character making wet rings on table-top with glass bottom, then sees stranger sitting across the table. "the table" likely piece of furniture. Sense 2: a piece of furniture having smooth flat top supported by legs. Sense 3: furniture with tableware for a meal laid out. Here no tableware; drinking highball at bar table. "Across the table" from sitting at a table. Sense 2 best. Candidate senses indexes: 1..6. Sense_index:2. Need output only JSON object.

provider: Parasail


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: secret
Target surface form: secret
Context:
This favorite grievance was not the landlord. He had already quite forgotten about him. In fact, he had only mentioned him on the spur of the moment. His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a <t>secret</t> smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=secret%5:00:00:concealed:00 | definition=not open or public; kept private or not revealed | examples=a secret formula; secret ingredients
2. sense_key=secret%5:00:01:covert:00 | definition=conducted with or marked by hidden aims or methods | synonyms=clandestine, cloak-and-dagger, hole-and-corner, hugger-mugger, hush-hush, surreptitious | examples=clandestine intelligence operations; cloak-and-dagger activities behind enemy lines
3. sense_key=secret%5:00:00:unacknowledged:00 | definition=not openly made known | synonyms=unavowed | examples=a secret marriage; a secret bride
4. sense_key=secret%5:00:03:covert:00 | definition=communicated covertly | examples=their secret signal was a wink; secret messages
5. sense_key=secret%5:00:00:inward:00 | definition=not expressed | synonyms=private | examples=secret (or private) thoughts
6. sense_key=secret%5:00:02:concealed:00 | definition=designed to elude detection | synonyms=hidden | examples=a hidden room or place of concealment such as a priest hole; a secret passage
7. sense_key=secret%5:00:02:private:00 | definition=hidden from general view or use | synonyms=privy, secluded | examples=a privy place to rest and think; a secluded romantic spot
8. sense_key=secret%5:00:00:private:00 | definition=(of information) given in confidence or in secret | synonyms=confidential | examples=this arrangement must be kept confidential; their secret communications
9. sense_key=secret%5:00:02:covert:00 | definition=indulging only covertly | examples=a secret alcoholic
10. sense_key=secret%5:00:00:esoteric:00 | definition=having an import not apparent to the senses nor obvious to the intelligence; beyond ordinary understanding | synonyms=mysterious, mystic, mystical, occult, orphic | examples=mysterious symbols; the mystical style of Blake
11. sense_key=secret%5:00:00:classified:02 | definition=the next to highest level of official classification for documents

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need answer JSON only. Need choose best sense. Let's analyze context. Target: "secret" in phrase "smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators." It's adjective modifying smile. Sense options. We need fine-grained WSD.

Candidate 1: not open or public; kept private or not revealed. Examples secret formula, secret ingredients. Too general.
2: conducted with or marked by hidden aims or methods; synonyms clandestine etc. Example clandestine intelligence operations. Maybe secret smile as hidden/conspiratorial? But "secret smile" is a smile with hidden meaning, not an operation.
3: not openly made known; synonyms unavowed. Examples secret marriage, secret bride. Not exactly.
4: communicated covertly. Examples their secret signal was a wink; secret messages. A secret smile could be a covert communication? "as if they were fellow conspirators" implies a shared secret communication. Hmm.
5: not expressed; synonyms private. Examples secret (or private) thoughts. A smile is expressed outwardly, not unexpressed. Not good.
6: designed to elude detection; synonyms hidden. Examples secret passage. Smile not designed to elude detection.
7: hidden from general view or use; synonyms privy, secluded. Place. Not smile.
8: (of information) given in confidence or in secret; synonyms confidential. Example secret communications. Could apply to a smile? Not information given in confidence? Maybe a secret smile given confidentially.
9: indulging only covertly. Example a secret alcoholic. Doesn't fit smile.
10: having an import not apparent; synonyms mysterious. Examples mysterious symbols. A secret smile could be mysterious. But the context "as if they were fellow conspirators" suggests hidden complicity, shared knowledge, not necessarily mystical.
11: classified. no.

We need choose single best indexed sense. The phrase "secret smile" common? In WordNet, sense 4 "communicated covertly" with example "their secret signal was a wink; secret messages". A secret smile is a covertly communicated smile? However definition specifically "communicated covertly" means the thing is a communication that is covert. A smile is a communication; a secret smile = a smile that communicates covertly (shared secret). Sense 4 index 4.

Sense 2: "conducted with or marked by hidden aims or methods" maybe secret activities. The smile is not an activity conducted with hidden aims; it's a facial expression. But "secret smile" as conspiratorial maybe "covert" sense? The synonyms clandestine, cloak-and-dagger etc. "as if they were fellow conspirators" aligns with secret aims. Still phrase is "a secret smile at him" not "secret activities". Adjectives can be transferred.

Sense 1: general "not open or public; kept private or not revealed". A secret smile is not open/public. Could be plausible, but the example of secret formula/ingredients are things kept private. Smile is a visible expression but implies private meaning.

Let's see WordNet senses of "secret" adjective. Usually senses: (a) not open or public; kept private or not revealed (secret%5:00:00:concealed:00). (b) conducted with or marked by hidden aims or methods (secret%5:00:01:covert:00). (c) not openly made known (secret%5:00:00:unacknowledged:00). (d) communicated covertly (secret%5:00:03:covert:00). (e) not expressed (secret%5:00:00:inward:00). (f) designed to elude detection (secret%5:00:02:concealed:00). (g) hidden from general view or use (secret%5:00:02:private:00). (h) (of information) given in confidence or in secret (secret%5:00:00:private:00). (i) indulging only covertly (secret%5:00:02:covert:00). (j) esoteric. (k) classified.

For "secret smile", I suspect WordNet example? Let's check memory: WordNet adjective "secret" sense 4 has examples "their secret signal was a wink; secret messages". A smile is similar to a wink as covert signal. The context: stranger smiling "as if they were fellow conspirators" = a smile that conveys a shared secret, covertly. So sense 4 likely best.

But let's examine sense 1 examples "a secret formula; secret ingredients" pertain to information/knowledge kept from others. A secret smile is not a formula/ingredient. However definition fits. Yet WSD aims to be fine-grained, choose specific. "secret signal" is closer to smile than "secret formula" or "secret bride". Also "as if fellow conspirators" emphasizes covert communication.

Let's parse phrase: "smiling a secret smile at him". Reduplicative collocation. Could mean a smile that suggests a secret, i.e., a knowing smile. The smile communicates that there is a secret between them. That is "communicated covertly". Yes.

Need output JSON: {"sense_index": 4}. Ensure no extra.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: notice
Target surface form: noticed
Context:
He had already quite forgotten about him. In fact, he had only mentioned him on the spur of the moment. His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even <t>noticed</t> -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down. The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=notice%2:39:04:: | definition=discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of | synonyms=detect, observe, find, discover | examples=She detected high levels of lead in her drinking water; We found traces of lead in the paint
2. sense_key=notice%2:39:00:: | definition=notice or perceive | synonyms=mark, note | examples=She noted that someone was following her; mark my words
3. sense_key=notice%2:32:00:: | definition=make or write a comment on | synonyms=comment, remark, point out | examples=he commented the paper of his colleague
4. sense_key=notice%2:32:01:: | definition=express recognition of the presence or existence of, or acquaintance with | synonyms=acknowledge | examples=He never acknowledges his colleagues when they run into him in the hallway; She acknowledged his complement with a smile

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need answer with single best index. Let's reason carefully.

We have target "noticed" in context. Candidate senses:
1. discover or determine existence/presence/fact, syn detect observe find discover. Example detecting lead etc. This is detecting something via observation, maybe physical presence.
2. notice or perceive, syn mark, note. Example noted that someone following. This is becoming aware/perceive.
3. comment on.
4. express recognition/acquaintance/acknowledge.

Context: "He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down." He didn't notice (become aware of) the stranger sitting down. It's about perception/awareness of someone's presence. So sense 2 "notice or perceive" fits most. The phrase "hadn't even noticed" means didn't perceive/observe. Synonyms mark, note. Sense 1 is also about discover/detect existence, but with examples of detecting substances etc. In context, not seeing someone sit down is lack of perception. Sense 2 is more about noticing or perceiving. Also "mark" synonyms: mark my words. So choose index 2.

Need return JSON.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: name
Target surface form: name
Context:
He had already quite forgotten about him. In fact, he had only mentioned him on the spur of the moment. His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his <t>name</t>? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down. The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=name%1:10:00:: | definition=a language unit by which a person or thing is known | examples=his name really is George Washington; those are two names for the same thing
2. sense_key=name%1:26:00:: | definition=a person's reputation | examples=he wanted to protect his good name
3. sense_key=name%1:14:00:: | definition=family based on male descent | synonyms=gens | examples=he had no sons and there was no one to carry on his name
4. sense_key=name%1:18:00:: | definition=a well-known or notable person | synonyms=figure, public figure | examples=they studied all the great names in the history of France; she is an important figure in modern music
5. sense_key=name%1:04:00:: | definition=by the sanction or authority of | examples=halt in the name of the law
6. sense_key=name%1:10:01:: | definition=a defamatory or abusive word or phrase | synonyms=epithet

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer JSON. We need determine best sense. Context: he asks "what was his <t>name</t>? Pete?" clearly means personal identifier, language unit by which person is known. So sense 1. Need JSON only.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: see
Target surface form: seen
Context:
He had already quite forgotten about him. In fact, he had only mentioned him on the spur of the moment. His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't <t>seen</t> him sit down. The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=see%2:39:00:: | definition=perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight | examples=You have to be a good observer to see all the details; Can you see the bird in that tree?
2. sense_key=see%2:31:01:: | definition=perceive (an idea or situation) mentally | synonyms=understand, realize, realise | examples=Now I see!; I just can't see your point
3. sense_key=see%2:39:02:: | definition=perceive or be contemporaneous with | synonyms=witness, find | examples=We found Republicans winning the offices; You'll see a lot of cheating in this school
4. sense_key=see%2:36:00:: | definition=imagine; conceive of; see in one's mind | synonyms=visualize, visualise, envision, project, fancy, figure | examples=I can't see him on horseback!; I can see what will happen
5. sense_key=see%2:31:00:: | definition=deem to be | synonyms=consider, reckon, view, regard | examples=She views this quite differently from me; I consider her to be shallow
6. sense_key=see%2:31:02:: | definition=get to know or become aware of, usually accidentally | synonyms=learn, hear, get word, get wind, pick up, find out | examples=I learned that she has two grown-up children; I see that you have been promoted
7. sense_key=see%2:39:03:: | definition=see or watch | synonyms=watch, view, catch, take in | examples=view a show on television; This program will be seen all over the world
8. sense_key=see%2:38:00:: | definition=come together | synonyms=meet, run into, encounter, run across, come across | examples=I'll probably see you at the meeting; How nice to see you again!
9. sense_key=see%2:32:00:: | definition=find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort | synonyms=determine, check, find out, ascertain, watch, learn | examples=I want to see whether she speaks French; See whether it works
10. sense_key=see%2:31:03:: | definition=be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something | synonyms=check, insure, see to it, ensure, control, ascertain | examples=He verified that the valves were closed; See that the curtains are closed
11. sense_key=see%2:41:11:: | definition=go to see for professional or business reasons | examples=You should see a lawyer; We had to see a psychiatrist
12. sense_key=see%2:41:12:: | definition=go to see for a social visit | examples=I went to see my friend Mary the other day
13. sense_key=see%2:41:10:: | definition=go to see a place, as for entertainment | synonyms=visit | examples=We went to see the Eiffel Tower in the morning
14. sense_key=see%2:41:14:: | definition=take charge of or deal with | synonyms=attend, take care, look | examples=Could you see about lunch?; I must attend to this matter
15. sense_key=see%2:35:09:: | definition=receive as a specified guest | examples=the doctor will see you now; The minister doesn't see anybody before noon
16. sense_key=see%2:41:00:: | definition=date regularly; have a steady relationship with | synonyms=go steady, go out, date | examples=Did you know that she is seeing an older man?; He is dating his former wife again!
17. sense_key=see%2:39:05:: | definition=see and understand, have a good eye | examples=The artist must first learn to see
18. sense_key=see%2:31:08:: | definition=deliberate or decide | examples=See whether you can come tomorrow; let's see--which movie should we see tonight?
19. sense_key=see%2:39:11:: | definition=observe as if with an eye | examples=The camera saw the burglary and recorded it
20. sense_key=see%2:39:13:: | definition=observe, check out, and look over carefully or inspect | synonyms=examine | examples=The customs agent examined the baggage; I must see your passport before you can enter the country
21. sense_key=see%2:39:12:: | definition=go or live through | synonyms=experience, go through | examples=We had many trials to go through; he saw action in Viet Nam
22. sense_key=see%2:38:03:: | definition=accompany or escort | synonyms=escort | examples=I'll see you to the door
23. sense_key=see%2:33:00:: | definition=match or meet | examples=I saw the bet of one of my fellow players
24. sense_key=see%2:31:13:: | definition=make sense of; assign a meaning to | synonyms=interpret, construe | examples=What message do you see in this letter?; How do you interpret his behavior?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need choose best WordNet sense for "seen" in context: "he hadn't <t>seen</t> him sit down." Target lemma see, surface seen. Context: He noticed/beheld the stranger sitting across table. He hadn't seen him sit down. Meaning perceive visually the action of sitting down. Candidate senses: 1 perceive by sight or have power to perceive by sight. 3 perceive or be contemporaneous with; witness, find (We found Republicans winning; You'll see a lot of cheating). 7 see or watch synonyms watch, view, catch, take in. 19 observe as if with an eye. 20 examine.

He hadn't seen him sit down = had not perceived (visually) the act of him sitting down. The construction "see someone do something" often sense 1? WordNet see%2:39:00 "perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight" examples "You have to be a good observer to see all the details; Can you see the bird in that tree?" This covers perception by sight. But the examples don't include bare infinitive. Sense 3 "perceive or be contemporaneous with" examples: "We found Republicans winning the offices; You'll see a lot of cheating" covers witness an event. Synonyms witness, find. "He hadn't seen him sit down" is witnessing an event. Sense 7 "see or watch" examples view a show; program will be seen all over the world. More about watching intentionally/viewing broadcast. Here he failed to visually perceive/witness the stranger sitting down. Which sense best? Let's inspect WordNet sense distinctions. see%2:39:00 is generic "perceive by sight"; see%2:39:02 is "perceive or be contemporaneous with; witness". In WSD datasets, "see" with a dynamic event often maps to see%2:39:02? E.g. "I saw him crossing the street". However "see somebody do something" can be sense 3? Let's think. The gloss for sense 3: "perceive or be contemporaneous with" synonyms witness, find. Examples "We found Republicans winning the offices; You'll see a lot of cheating in this school". This is about perceiving a situation/event, often ongoing. But "he hadn't seen him sit down" is a completed event? "Sit down" as bare infinitive after see could mean perceive the whole action. Sense 1 generic perceive by sight can also cover that. The clue "The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow" emphasizes he did not perceive/notice him sit. It aligns with "perceive by sight" (sense 1). The synonym "notice" in context. Not witness necessarily. Also the previous "He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down." Notice = become aware of, see. So sense 1 likely.

But we need choose single best indexed sense. Let's examine if there is a WordNet sense for "see" meaning "perceive with the eyes" with examples exactly. yes 1. see%2:39:00.

Sense 7 see or watch: "see a show" or passive "program will be seen". In context "hadn't seen him sit down" not watch/view intentionally. So not 7.

Sense 19 "observe as if with an eye" e.g. camera saw burglary. Not human. no.

Sense 3 "perceive or be contemporaneous with" possible but the event is a person sitting down, and phrase "hadn't seen him sit down" can be interpreted as "hadn't witnessed him sitting". However the context is about perception/awareness: he looked up and beheld the stranger; he hadn't noticed him sit down. The best is generic visual perception sense 1.

Need return JSON only: {"sense_index": 1}. Ensure no explanation.

provider: Moonshot AI


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sit_down
Target surface form: sit down
Context:
He had already quite forgotten about him. In fact, he had only mentioned him on the spur of the moment. His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him <t>sit down</t>. The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sit_down%2:38:00:: | definition=take a seat | synonyms=sit
2. sense_key=sit_down%2:35:00:: | definition=show to a seat; assign a seat for | synonyms=seat, sit | examples=The host seated me next to Mrs. Smith
3. sense_key=sit_down%2:35:03:: | definition=be seated | synonyms=sit

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to do word sense disambiguation for 'sit down' in context. The target surface form is 'sit down'.

 Context: "he hadn't seen him <t>sit down</t>." The man (Pete?) sat down across the table. The speaker hadn't noticed him sit down/take a seat.

 Candidate senses:
 1. sit_down%2:38:00:: definition=take a seat | synonyms=sit
 2. sit_down%2:35:00:: definition=show to a seat; assign a seat for | synonyms=seat, sit | examples=The host seated me next to Mrs. Smith
 3. sit_down%2:35:03:: definition=be seated | synonyms=sit

 Need to choose the single best sense. Here, the character is performing the action of sitting down (taking a seat) by himself; it's not someone showing him to a seat. So sense 1 "take a seat" fits. However, note sense 3 "be seated". Need to consider semantics: "take a seat" vs "be seated". "Take a seat" is an inchoative process, moving into a sitting position. "Be seated" is a stative result/taking a seat? Let's recall WordNet senses for 'sit_down'. In WordNet:
 sit_down,v.1: take a seat (syn: sit)
 sit_down,v.2: show to a seat; assign a seat for; "The host seated me next to Mrs. Smith" (syn: seat, sit)
 sit_down,v.3: be seated (syn: sit) (maybe a request? "Please sit down")

 Actually WordNet often has sense 3 maybe 'be seated' as synonym. But the key is the event: "he hadn't seen him sit down" describes an action (movement into sitting). sense 1 'take a seat' fits best.

 Need answer JSON only like {"sense_index": 1}.

 The instructions say "Do not answer with a WordNet sense key. Return only JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}."

 So final response: {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: man
Target surface form: man
Context:
In fact, he had only mentioned him on the spur of the moment. His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down. The <t>man</t> was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow. Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=man%1:18:00:: | definition=an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman) | synonyms=adult male | examples=there were two women and six men on the bus
2. sense_key=man%1:18:03:: | definition=someone who serves in the armed forces; a member of a military force | synonyms=serviceman, military man, military personnel | examples=two men stood sentry duty
3. sense_key=man%1:18:04:: | definition=the generic use of the word to refer to any human being | examples=it was every man for himself
4. sense_key=man%1:05:01:: | definition=any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae characterized by superior intelligence, articulate speech, and erect carriage | synonyms=homo, human being, human
5. sense_key=man%1:18:08:: | definition=a male subordinate | examples=the chief stationed two men outside the building; he awaited word from his man in Havana
6. sense_key=man%1:18:06:: | definition=an adult male person who has a manly character (virile and courageous competent) | examples=the army will make a man of you
7. sense_key=man%1:18:05:: | definition=a manservant who acts as a personal attendant to his employer | synonyms=valet, valet de chambre, gentleman, gentleman's gentleman | examples=Jeeves was Bertie Wooster's man
8. sense_key=man%1:18:07:: | definition=a male person who plays a significant role (husband or lover or boyfriend) in the life of a particular woman | examples=she takes good care of her man
9. sense_key=man%1:15:00:: | definition=one of the British Isles in the Irish Sea | synonyms=Isle of Man
10. sense_key=man%1:06:00:: | definition=game equipment consisting of an object used in playing certain board games | synonyms=piece | examples=he taught me to set up the men on the chess board; he sacrificed a piece to get a strategic advantage
11. sense_key=man%1:05:00:: | definition=all of the living human inhabitants of the earth | synonyms=world, human race, humanity, humankind, human beings, humans | examples=all the world loves a lover; she always used `humankind' because `mankind' seemed to slight the women

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need perform WSD for target lemma man, surface form man. Context: narrative: protagonist Haney sees a stranger sitting across table. "The <t>man</t> was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow." Also "trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man." This refers to an adult male person, not military subordinate, not servant, not species, not generic. Candidate sense 1: an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman). That's likely. Could sense 6: adult male person who has a manly character (virile and courageous competent). Description uncanny like shadow, wiry dark little - no manly. Could sense 4? no because specific individual. Could sense 3 generic? no. So choose 1. Need output JSON only {"sense_index":1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: uncanny
Target surface form: uncanny
Context:
In fact, he had only mentioned him on the spur of the moment. His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down. The man was <t>uncanny</t>, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow. Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=uncanny%5:00:00:supernatural:00 | definition=suggesting the operation of supernatural influences; ; ; - John Galsworthy; ; - Henry Kingsley | synonyms=eldritch, weird, unearthly | examples=an eldritch screech; the three weird sisters
2. sense_key=uncanny%5:00:00:extraordinary:00 | definition=surpassing the ordinary or normal;  - George Will | synonyms=preternatural | examples=Beyond his preternatural affability there is some acid and some steel; his uncanny sense of direction

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need choose best sense for "uncanny" in context. We have candidate senses 1 and 2. Need return JSON with sense_index 1 or 2 maybe.

Let's analyze. Context: Haney at bar, notices stranger sitting across, secret smile. He hadn't seen him sit down. The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow. Haney feels shrinking out of sight, trapped.

Sense 1: suggesting supernatural influences; synonyms eldritch, weird, unearthly. Ex: eldritch screech; three weird sisters. Might fit: man appears silently like a shadow, almost ghostly, suggesting supernatural.

Sense 2: surpassing the ordinary or normal; synonyms preternatural. Ex: uncanny sense of direction. Also silent/shadow-like is extraordinary? But the description "like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow" implies stealth, eerie, weird; likely supernatural connotation. The word's collocations: "uncanny ability" is sense 2; "uncanny silence" maybe sense 1? Here "man was uncanny" like a shadow. Weird and unearthly fit. The man appeared without notice, silent, like shadow—suggesting ghostly.

Need decide single best. Sense 1 seems more apt: suggests operation of supernatural influences; weird, eldritch, unearthly. Description of someone moving silently like a shadow, appearing out of nowhere, gives an eerie/supernatural feeling. Sense 2 extraordinary is broader, but examples show abilities/personality traits. Here physical presence is compared to a shadow, evoking supernatural. So sense_index: 1.

Return only JSON.

provider: Venice


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: shadow
Target surface form: shadow
Context:
In fact, he had only mentioned him on the spur of the moment. His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down. The man was uncanny, like a <t>shadow</t>, and made as much noise as a shadow. Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=shadow%1:26:01:: | definition=shade within clear boundaries
2. sense_key=shadow%1:15:00:: | definition=an unilluminated area | synonyms=darkness, dark | examples=he moved off into the darkness
3. sense_key=shadow%1:09:00:: | definition=something existing in perception only | synonyms=apparition, phantom, phantasm, phantasma, fantasm | examples=a ghostly apparition at midnight
4. sense_key=shadow%1:12:00:: | definition=a premonition of something adverse | examples=a shadow over his happiness
5. sense_key=shadow%1:10:00:: | definition=an indication that something has been present | synonyms=trace, vestige, tincture | examples=there wasn't a trace of evidence for the claim; a tincture of condescension
6. sense_key=shadow%1:07:00:: | definition=refuge from danger or observation | examples=he felt secure in his father's shadow
7. sense_key=shadow%1:26:00:: | definition=a dominating and pervasive presence | examples=he received little recognition working in the shadow of his father
8. sense_key=shadow%1:18:00:: | definition=a spy employed to follow someone and report their movements | synonyms=tail, shadower
9. sense_key=shadow%1:18:01:: | definition=an inseparable companion | examples=the poor child was his mother's shadow

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need choose single best indexed sense for target word "shadow" in given literary context. Need think carefully.

Context: man described: "The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow." The comparison to shadow emphasizes silent, insubstantial, stealthy, perhaps ghostly. The stranger appeared unexpectedly, smiled secret, uncanny. "like a shadow" and "made as much noise as a shadow" -> a shadow makes no noise. The phrase uses the concrete physical shadow (shade within clear boundaries? an unilluminated area?) or could be metaphorical? Need disambiguate among WordNet senses.

Candidate senses:
1. shade within clear boundaries (a shadow cast by an object, dark shape). This is a concrete shadow. No examples given.
2. an unilluminated area; synonyms darkness, dark; examples "he moved off into the darkness" — refers dark region, absence of light.
3. something existing in perception only; synonyms apparition, phantom, etc. examples "a ghostly apparition at midnight".
4. premonition of something adverse.
5. indication that something has been present; trace.
6. refuge from danger or observation.
7. dominating and pervasive presence.
8. spy employed to follow someone and report movements.
9. inseparable companion.

Which sense is used in "like a shadow"? The literal shadow (sense 1 or 2). The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow. That is a simile comparing a person to a shadow as an insubstantial, silent dark figure. Usually "shadow" as a visible dark shape cast by a body blocking light. Sense 1 "shade within clear boundaries" likely refers to the dark shape/outline of something. Sense 2 "an unilluminated area" more like darkness, absence of light (not necessarily a shadow). A person cannot be like an unilluminated area (maybe but less likely). A person can be like a shadow (a dark silhouette). Since "made as much noise as a shadow" and "like a shadow" likely reference the physical shadow as a silent, eerie companion.

But is it sense 9 "inseparable companion"? No, because phrase "like a shadow" means following silently, persistently; but here says "like a shadow" not that he is a shadow. The simile could involve both physical and metaphorical. "He was like a shadow" could mean he moved silently, insubstantial, ghostly. That maps to sense 1 (a cast shadow). Need decide between 1 and 3? Sense 3 "something existing in perception only; an apparition". "like a shadow" may imply ghostly, not real. But examples "a ghostly apparition at midnight" synonyms apparition, phantom. "like a shadow" more concrete than "apparition." WordNet sense 3 is for when "shadow" means "something existing in perception only" e.g. "a shadow of a smile"? Actually WordNet noun "shadow" sense 3: "something existing in perception only" (like "a ghostly apparition"). Is "shadow" used as synonym for apparition? Maybe "the shadow of his former self" (sense?). Let's inspect.

WordNet noun shadow senses order may be:
- shadow (n) 1: shade within clear boundaries
- shadow (n) 2: an unilluminated area
- shadow (n) 3: something existing in perception only; a ghostly apparition; synonyms: apparition, phantom, phantasm, phantasma, fantasm
- shadow (n) 4: a premonition of something adverse
- shadow (n) 5: an indication that something has been present; trace
- shadow (n) 6: refuge from danger or observation
- shadow (n) 7: a dominating and pervasive presence
- shadow (n) 8: a spy employed to follow someone and report their movements
- shadow (n) 9: an inseparable companion

The example "like a shadow" might literally be sense 1. Let's read context carefully. "The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow." Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man. The man is physically present, not an apparition. He is silent and stealthy. "like a shadow" likely evokes a shadow's quietness and insubstantial dark form. So best is sense 1? But the phrase "and made as much noise as a shadow" — does a "shade within clear boundaries" make noise? A shadow doesn't make noise. Sense 2 "an unilluminated area" also doesn't make noise. Which fits more for "as much noise as a shadow"? Both physical shadows (absence of light). "made as much noise as a shadow" is an idiom using sense 1 (a physical shadow). I think sense 1 is correct.

However some WSD tasks may mark "like a shadow" as sense 9? Let's test: "The poor child was his mother's shadow" = inseparable companion. Here stranger not a companion, more like a spy? Sense 8 "spy employed to follow someone and report movements" = shadower, tail. But the man is sitting across table, not following. No.

Sense 7 dominating presence? No.

Sense 3 "something existing in perception only" maybe because "uncanny" and "as if they were fellow conspirators", but physical description of dark little man. The comparison to shadow is about being silent and unobtrusive. So likely concrete shadow.

We need output JSON with sense_index as integer. The user says "Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}". So we choose e.g. {"sense_index": 1} or 2? Need be sure.

Let's consider WordNet sense 1 vs sense 2 nuance. Sense 1: "shade within clear boundaries"—the dark area or shape produced by a body coming between rays of light and a surface. Sense 2: "an unilluminated area; darkness, dark"—simply lack of light, not necessarily caused by an object. In the simile "like a shadow", when someone is "like a shadow" we mean they resemble a shadow, i.e., a dark shape following or near, silent. That's sense 1. "made as much noise as a shadow" uses sense 1. Because a shadow is an image/shape. A person moving "like a shadow" means silently, as a dark patch. Not "like darkness" (sense 2). So best index = 1.

But could the expression "as much noise as a shadow" be a set phrase whose WSD label is sense 1? Likely yes.

However, one may argue "shadow" here is used metaphorically to mean "apparition/phantom" because "uncanny", "secret smile", "like a shadow". But WSD tasks with WordNet may want sense 3 because of "uncanny" and "apparition". Let's examine the definition of sense 3: "something existing in perception only; a ghostly apparition; a phantom." Does "like a shadow" mean "ghostly"? Actually "shadow" can mean a phantom or ghostly figure, e.g. "a shadow passed before his eyes." But the phrase "made as much noise as a shadow" suggests concrete shadow, not phantom. A phantom could make noise maybe? Usually phantom is silent too. But the simile is with a physical shadow.

Let's consider if the target word is part of a common simile "like a shadow". In SemCor maybe sentence "he was like a shadow" could be tagged as sense 1 (a visible shape). Because it's a simile between person and physical shadow. The use of "made as much noise as a shadow" is literal of physical shadow.

Thus answer: {"sense_index": 1}.

But we should examine if the index numbering matches sense_key order. Candidate senses listed with indices 1..9, with sense_key shadow%1:26:01:: for 1, shadow%1:15:00:: for 2, shadow%1:09:00:: for 3, shadow%1:12:00:: for 4, shadow%1:10:00:: for 5, shadow%1:07:00:: for 6, shadow%1:26:00:: for 7, shadow%1:18:00:: for 8, shadow%1:18:01:: for 9. So index 1 is concrete shadow.

Need final JSON only.

Before final, ensure no hedging. The user instruction: "Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense." So final only JSON.

One possible nuance: "like a shadow" could also be sense 7? No.

I think 1. But let's deeply analyze if sense 2 might be better. A person "like a shadow" might be like darkness. But "shadow" as darkness without boundaries? "made as much noise as a shadow" definitely a shadow (not darkness). Also the man is described "wiry, dark little man". He is dark like a shadow. So physical shape.

Could be sense 9? If someone follows you "like a shadow", but here he sits across table, not following. Not.

Sense 8? Spy tail? "like a shadow" could mean stealthy spy, but no tracking. Not.

Sense 3? "uncanny" + "like a shadow" might evoke phantom. But he is not existing in perception only; he is real and sits down. Simile could be to a phantom though? The man smiled, has physical presence. If sense 3, definition "something existing in perception only" would be hyperbolic: he seemed almost a phantom because silent/stealthy. But the next clause "and made as much noise as a shadow" anchors the comparison to a literal shadow's quietness, not a phantom. WordNet sense 3 examples "a ghostly apparition at midnight"—synonyms apparition, phantom. Here not "a shadow" as noun referring to a ghost, but the simile uses physical shadow. So sense 1.

Let's produce final.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: make
Target surface form: made
Context:
In fact, he had only mentioned him on the spur of the moment. His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down. The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and <t>made</t> as much noise as a shadow. Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=make%2:41:00:: | definition=engage in | synonyms=do | examples=make love, not war; make an effort
2. sense_key=make%2:30:00:: | definition=give certain properties to something | synonyms=get | examples=get someone mad; She made us look silly
3. sense_key=make%2:36:00:: | definition=make or cause to be or to become | synonyms=create | examples=make a mess in one's office; create a furor
4. sense_key=make%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, have, get | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
5. sense_key=make%2:36:08:: | definition=give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally | synonyms=cause, do | examples=cause a commotion; make a stir
6. sense_key=make%2:36:01:: | definition=create or manufacture a man-made product | synonyms=produce, create | examples=We produce more cars than we can sell; The company has been making toys for two centuries
7. sense_key=make%2:31:00:: | definition=make, formulate, or derive in the mind | synonyms=draw | examples=I draw a line here; draw a conclusion
8. sense_key=make%2:36:15:: | definition=compel or make somebody or something to act in a certain way | examples=People cannot be made to integrate just by passing a law!; Heat makes you sweat
9. sense_key=make%2:36:09:: | definition=create by artistic means | synonyms=create | examples=create a poem; Schoenberg created twelve-tone music
10. sense_key=make%2:40:01:: | definition=earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages | synonyms=gain, take in, clear, earn, realize, realise | examples=How much do you make a month in your new job?; She earns a lot in her new job
11. sense_key=make%2:36:05:: | definition=create or design, often in a certain way | synonyms=do | examples=Do my room in blue; I did this piece in wood to express my love for the forest
12. sense_key=make%2:42:05:: | definition=to compose or represent: | synonyms=form, constitute | examples=This wall forms the background of the stage setting; The branches made a roof
13. sense_key=make%2:38:02:: | definition=reach a goal, e.g., | synonyms=reach, get to, progress to | examples=make the first team; We made it!
14. sense_key=make%2:42:00:: | definition=be or be capable of being changed or made into | examples=He makes a great host; He will make a fine father
15. sense_key=make%2:36:11:: | definition=make by shaping or bringing together constituents | examples=make a dress; make a cake
16. sense_key=make%2:36:12:: | definition=perform or carry out | examples=make a decision; make a move
17. sense_key=make%2:36:13:: | definition=make by combining materials and parts | synonyms=construct, build | examples=this little pig made his house out of straw; Some eccentric constructed an electric brassiere warmer
18. sense_key=make%2:30:15:: | definition=change from one form into another | examples=make water into wine; make lead into gold
19. sense_key=make%2:29:08:: | definition=act in a certain way so as to acquire | examples=make friends; make enemies
20. sense_key=make%2:41:03:: | definition=charge with a function; charge to be | synonyms=name, nominate | examples=She was named Head of the Committee; She was made president of the club
21. sense_key=make%2:40:02:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=have, get | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
22. sense_key=make%2:38:00:: | definition=reach a destination, either real or abstract | synonyms=reach, attain, hit, arrive at, gain | examples=We hit Detroit by noon; The water reached the doorstep
23. sense_key=make%2:31:13:: | definition=institute, enact, or establish | synonyms=lay down, establish | examples=make laws
24. sense_key=make%2:41:13:: | definition=carry out or commit | examples=make a mistake; commit a faux-pas
25. sense_key=make%2:41:01:: | definition=form by assembling individuals or constituents | examples=Make a quorum
26. sense_key=make%2:36:04:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, have, give | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
27. sense_key=make%2:30:02:: | definition=put in order or neaten | synonyms=make up | examples=make the bed; make up a room
28. sense_key=make%2:38:05:: | definition=head into a specified direction | synonyms=take | examples=The escaped convict took to the hills; We made for the mountains
29. sense_key=make%2:29:00:: | definition=have a bowel movement | synonyms=stool, defecate, shit, take a shit, take a crap, ca-ca | examples=The dog had made in the flower beds
30. sense_key=make%2:42:09:: | definition=undergo fabrication or creation | examples=This wool makes into a nice sweater
31. sense_key=make%2:42:13:: | definition=be suitable for | examples=Wood makes good furniture
32. sense_key=make%2:42:12:: | definition=add up to | examples=four and four make eight
33. sense_key=make%2:42:11:: | definition=amount to | examples=This salary increase makes no difference to my standard of living
34. sense_key=make%2:42:15:: | definition=constitute the essence of | examples=Clothes make the man
35. sense_key=make%2:39:12:: | definition=appear to begin an activity | examples=He made to speak but said nothing in the end; She made as if to say hello to us
36. sense_key=make%2:38:10:: | definition=proceed along a path | synonyms=work | examples=work one's way through the crowd; make one's way into the forest
37. sense_key=make%2:38:15:: | definition=reach in time | examples=We barely made the plane
38. sense_key=make%2:36:10:: | definition=gather and light the materials for | examples=make a fire
39. sense_key=make%2:36:07:: | definition=prepare for eating by applying heat | synonyms=cook, fix, ready, prepare | examples=Cook me dinner, please; can you make me an omelette?
40. sense_key=make%2:35:13:: | definition=induce to have sex | synonyms=seduce, score | examples=Harry finally seduced Sally; Did you score last night?
41. sense_key=make%2:32:14:: | definition=assure the success of | examples=A good review by this critic will make your play!
42. sense_key=make%2:32:09:: | definition=represent fictitiously, as in a play, or pretend to be or act like | synonyms=pretend, make believe | examples=She makes like an actress
43. sense_key=make%2:31:10:: | definition=consider as being | examples=It wasn't the problem some people made it
44. sense_key=make%2:31:12:: | definition=calculate as being | examples=I make the height about 100 feet
45. sense_key=make%2:30:10:: | definition=cause to be enjoyable or pleasurable | examples=make my day
46. sense_key=make%2:30:14:: | definition=favor the development of | examples=Practice makes the winner
47. sense_key=make%2:30:12:: | definition=develop into | examples=He will make a splendid father!
48. sense_key=make%2:29:06:: | definition=behave in a certain way | examples=make merry
49. sense_key=make%2:29:01:: | definition=eliminate urine | synonyms=urinate, piddle, puddle, micturate, piss, pee | examples=Again, the cat had made on the expensive rug

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need choose best indexed sense for target surface "made" in context. We need analyze sentence. Context: "The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow." Means he produced/generated noise? "make noise" is an idiom. Which sense index corresponds? Candidate senses listed; need map sense key. "make%2:41:00::" definition=engage in synonyms=do examples make love, not war; make an effort. Not. "make%2:30:00::" give certain properties to something; "get someone mad"; "She made us look silly". Not. "make%2:36:00::" make or cause to be or to become synonyms=create examples make a mess, create a furor. Possibly "make noise" could be cause to exist? But "make" in "make noise" in WordNet may be sense make%2:32:14 or make%2:36:00? Let's see. In WordNet, "make" has many senses. Phrase "make noise" might be cause = create a sound. There is a WN sense: make (create or manufacture a man-made product) etc. "make a sound" maybe sense 36:00? Need identify closest. The clause "made as much noise as a shadow" means created/produced no noise? Shadow makes no noise. "make noise" = produce (a sound). Candidate sense 3 make or cause to be or to become; sense 5 give rise to; cause to happen or occur not always intentionally; sense 6 create/manufacture product; sense 15 make by shaping; sense 16 perform; sense 36:00 "make or cause to be or to become". Examples "make a mess" "create a furor". "Make noise" idiomatic: produce a sound, likely this sense. Let's inspect all other senses for "produce (sound)". Sense 36:08? definition compel or make somebody/something act. Not. 36:15? compel. No. 36:09 artistic create. No. 36:05 create or design often in certain way. No. 36:11 make by shaping constituents. No. 36:13 build. 36:10 gather materials for fire. 36:07 cook. 36:04 organize event. 35:13 seduce. 39:12 appear to begin. 35:13 sex. For "noise", production of a sound, sense 3 (make or cause to be or to become) seems broad. Let's check WN exact sense for verb "make" in sentence "he made a noise". There is sense 5? Actually WN sense "give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally" examples: cause a commotion; make a stir; The Chinese saying `if a person has food then he won't steal'; no one has ever made the law work; not get my thoughts working"; "A was what triggered it". Hmm. The example "make a stir" is create social disturbance, similar to noise. "make noise" maybe sense 5. But "as much noise as a shadow" is literally amount of sound produced. In "make noise", you produce noise, create it. Need distinguish between sense 3 (create) and sense 5 (give rise to; cause to happen not always intentionally). Are sounds "caused to happen"? Example "make a stir" = cause/excite. "Make noise" = produce sound (not necessarily intentional? In this context, the man moved so quietly as a shadow, thus produced no noise; intention irrelevant). Candidate 3 has general "make or cause to be or to become" synonyms create and examples make a mess, create a furor, make a hole. In WordNet 3.0 (I think) sense 3 is "make or cause to be or to become"; includes "make a mess in one's office; create a furor"; This is the standard sense for "make a noise"? Let's verify from memory: WordNet entry for 'make.v.03': make, create (make or cause to be or to become) — "make a mess in one's office"; "create a furor". 'make.v.02': give certain properties to something; get. 'make.v.01': engage in, do. 'make.v.04': induce. 'make.v.05': cause, do, make — give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally. Hmm.
Which index in candidate list corresponds? Let's enumerate candidate senses mapping:
1 make%2:41:00:: -> do; engage in
2 make%2:30:00:: -> give certain properties
3 make%2:36:00:: -> make or cause to be or to become (create)
4 make%2:32:00:: -> induce
5 make%2:36:08:: -> give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally
6 make%2:36:01:: -> create or manufacture a man-made product
7 make%2:31:00:: -> draw/formulate
8 make%2:36:15:: -> compel or make somebody/something to act
9 make%2:36:09:: -> create by artistic means
10 make%2:40:01:: -> earn
11 make%2:36:05:: -> create or design, often in a certain way
12 make%2:42:05:: -> form/constitute
13 make%2:38:02:: -> reach a goal
14 make%2:42:00:: -> be changed into
15 make%2:36:11:: -> make by shaping or bringing together constituents
16 make%2:36:12:: -> perform/carry out
17 make%2:36:13:: -> make by combining materials and parts
18 make%2:30:15:: -> change from one form into another
19 make%2:29:08:: -> act in a certain way so as to acquire
20 make%2:41:03:: -> name/nominate
21 make%2:40:02:: -> achieve point/goal
22 make%2:38:00:: -> reach destination
23 make%2:31:13:: -> institute/enact/establish
24 make%2:41:13:: -> commit
25 make%2:41:01:: -> form by assembling individuals
26 make%2:36:04:: -> organize event
27 make%2:30:02:: -> put in order
28 make%2:38:05:: -> head into direction
29 make%2:29:00:: -> have bowel movement
30 make%2:42:09:: -> undergo fabrication
31 make%2:42:13:: -> be suitable for
32 make%2:42:12:: -> add up to
33 make%2:42:11:: -> amount to
34 make%2:42:15:: -> constitute essence
35 make%2:39:12:: -> appear to begin activity
36 make%2:38:10:: -> proceed along path
37 make%2:38:15:: -> reach in time
38 make%2:36:10:: -> gather/light fire
39 make%2:36:07:: -> prepare food
40 make%2:35:13:: -> seduce
41 make%2:32:14:: -> assure success
42 make%2:32:09:: -> pretend
43 make%2:31:10:: -> consider as being
44 make%2:31:12:: -> calculate as being
45 make%2:30:10:: -> cause to be enjoyable
46 make%2:30:14:: -> favor development
47 make%2:30:12:: -> develop into
48 make%2:29:06:: -> behave in a certain way
49 make%2:29:01:: -> urinate
So choice between 3 and 5. Let's inspect exact WordNet definitions and examples for these sense keys.
Sense 3: make%2:36:00:: definition=make or cause to be or to become | synonyms=create | examples=make a mess in one's office; create a furor
Sense 5: make%2:36:08:: definition=give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally | synonyms=cause, do | examples=cause a commotion; make a stir
In WordNet 3.1, I recall make.v.05 = "cause, do, make -- give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally". Example includes "This remark made a stir". The key word might be "cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally". This is close to "make a sound"? But would WordNet classify "make a noise" under make.v.03? Let's look up mental mapping. The lemma make has a sense "create by artistic means", "create or manufacture", "produce noise". Hmm. In common usage, "make a noise" means produce. Many WSD datasets: "make a noise" annotated as make.v.03? Need infer from ranking. Could be sense 36:00: make or cause to be or to become. Example "make a mess" (produce). "Make a noise" is similar to "make a mess" (noun object representing a sound/event). Sense 5 example "make a stir" is also similar. The semantics: are sounds "caused to happen not always intentionally"? But "make a noise" usually intentional, but can be unintentional. Both apply. Which is the "schematic" WordNet mapping? Maybe the lexicographer would place "make a noise" under sense 3 because noise is a concrete product created. But sense 5 is cause/occurrence. Let's try to recall WordNet's example list for sense 5. I have seen: cause a commotion; make a stir; The Chinese saying `if a person has food then he won't steal'; no one has ever made the law work; not get my thoughts working"; "A was what triggered it". These examples relate to causing events/activities. Noise is a kind of auditory event. Hmm.
Search memory: In WordNet, "make" sense 5 = "give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally". Synonym "cause, do, make". This is for "make a mistake"? Actually "make a mistake" is separate (commit). "make a stir" = cause social reaction. "make noise" may indeed be sense 5? But the sentence is "made as much noise as a shadow" - amount of sound. It says nothing about intention. But the man being like a shadow moved silently, produced little sound. Sense 3 or 5? Need choose the best index. We need use context, synonyms, examples. "make a noise" is comparable to "make a mess" and "create a furor". "as much noise as a shadow" implies he created/produced no noise. The example "make a mess" has object created. "create a furor" too. Sense 3 synonyms=create. Sense 5 synonyms=cause, do. I think "create" fits better with noise as a thing produced. But noise is a sound event; "cause" also fits.
Potential other sense: make%2:32:00:: cause to do; cause to act. "Made as much noise as a shadow" could be intransitive? Actually transitive with object "as much noise". The verb "made" has object "as much noise". Not a person. So senses 4/8 not relevant.
Sense 36:00 "make or cause to be or to become" synonyms create. This is likely the standard annotation for "make a noise". In SemCor maybe "made a low, monotonous noise" annotated as make%2:36:00? I can recall that all "make" + nominal object of sound often map to make.v.03? For example "make a sound" in wordnet examples? Let's see if WordNet includes example "make the first move" under sense? Not here. Actually "make a move" sense 16. "make a sound" maybe not listed. Could be sense 3 because "sound" is a physical thing. Hmm.
Let's investigate further. WordNet sense 5 examples: cause a commotion; make a stir. Noise is a commotion? Not exactly. But maybe "make a noise" is similar to "make a stir". The difference between sense 3 and 5 is subtle; WordNet often distinguishes "caused to be or become" vs "cause to happen/occur". The object of "make" in sense 5 is usually an event/action (mess? no). Sense 3 object is a state/entity. Noise is a physical entity (acoustic sound waves), but also an event. Hmm.
The instruction says fine-grained WSD; do not hedge; choose best. Must answer JSON with sense_index matching candidate list (1-based index). Need ensure index based on candidate order, not WordNet offset. So likely answer {"sense_index": 3} or {"sense_index": 5}. Need be confident.
Let's analyze sentence in detail. "The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow." Simile: as much noise as a shadow. Means he made no noise. "Make noise" = "produce sound". Could be paraphrased "he produced as little sound as a shadow". Candidate sense 6 "create or manufacture a man-made product" = produce; examples include "company has been making toys". But "noise" not a man-made product? Might be considered product of action. However sense 6 specifically manufacturing/construction.
Candidate 36:00 "make or cause to be or to become" captures creation of abstract or concrete things: mess, furor, noise. Candidate 36:08 captures causation of events: commotion, stir. Noise can be both. Which one is the better WN sense for "make a noise"? I will check my memory of WordNet examples maybe "make a noise" under sense 5? Let's try to recall actual output of nltk wordnet:
>>> from nltk.corpus import wordnet as wn
>>> wn.synsets('make')[2].definition()
'make or cause to be or to become' # make.v.03
examples ['make a mess in one's office'; 'create a furor']
>>> wn.synsets('make')[4].definition()
'give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally' # make.v.05
examples ['cause a commotion'; 'make a stir'; 'The Chinese saying ...']
I don't recall "make a noise" as example. If the WN lexicographers wanted to include noise, which sense? Hmm. There is a separate noun synset for noise. In verb use, "make noise" maybe in WN via sense 3? Let's reason using semantic types from lexicographic files. make%2:36:00 is in file verb.creation (36). make%2:36:08 is in verb.creation too? sense_key prefix make%2:36:08 also file verb.creation. Both are creation verbs. Sense 3 is "create" root hypernym. Sense 5 is "cause, do". They are sibling. In WN, sense 5 (make.v.05) hyponyms might include "create, beget"? Actually "give rise to" root. Sense 3 includes all creation that brings X into existence. Noise is created/produced, so 3. "Stir" (commotion) is an event/reaction, not a created object, so 5. "Mess" is a state resulting from action, maybe 3? Actually "make a mess" in 3 because mess is a created condition. "Make a stir" in 5 because stir is an event that occurs. Noise is more like a mess? It's a sound (physical entity/state) produced. So I'd choose 3.
But consider "made as much noise as a shadow" -> the noise quantity. If we paraphrase "produced as much noise as a shadow" sense 6 synonyms produce? But 6 is man-made product. Noise not product manufacturing. 3 includes create. So 3 seems best.
Could sense 2 apply? "give certain properties to something" = "make him mad". No. Could sense 12 "form/constitute" with example "branches made a roof"? No.
Thus answer likely index 3.
Need output only JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 3}. Ensure no extra text.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: noise
Target surface form: noise
Context:
In fact, he had only mentioned him on the spur of the moment. His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down. The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much <t>noise</t> as a shadow. Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=noise%1:11:00:: | definition=sound of any kind (especially unintelligible or dissonant sound) | examples=he enjoyed the street noises; they heard indistinct noises of people talking
2. sense_key=noise%1:09:00:: | definition=the auditory experience of sound that lacks musical quality; sound that is a disagreeable auditory experience | synonyms=dissonance, racket | examples=modern music is just noise to me
3. sense_key=noise%1:11:01:: | definition=electrical or acoustic activity that can disturb communication | synonyms=interference, disturbance
4. sense_key=noise%1:10:00:: | definition=a loud outcry of protest or complaint | examples=the announcement of the election recount caused a lot of noise; whatever it was he didn't like it and he was going to let them know by making as loud a noise as he could
5. sense_key=noise%1:07:01:: | definition=incomprehensibility resulting from irrelevant information or meaningless facts or remarks | examples=all the noise in his speech concealed the fact that he didn't have anything to say
6. sense_key=noise%1:07:00:: | definition=the quality of lacking any predictable order or plan | synonyms=randomness, haphazardness, stochasticity

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer JSON only. Need choose sense. Context: "The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow." This is literal sound: shadow makes no sound. So noise = sound of any kind (especially unintelligible or dissonant sound). Candidate 1. Need output {"sense_index": 1}. Ensure no extra text.

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