[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: use
Target surface form: use
Context:
To add a new 2D graph on kalgebra, what you have to do is to go to the 2D Graph tab and click in the Add tab to add the new function. Then your focus will go to an input text box where you can type your function. If you want to use a typical f(x) function it is not necessary to specify it. If you have entered the function click on the OK button to display the graph in the main window. You can set several graphs on the same view. Just <t>use</t> the Add button when you are in List mode. You can set each graph its own color.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=use%2:34:01:: | definition=put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose | synonyms=utilize, utilise, apply, employ | examples=use your head!; we only use Spanish at home
2. sense_key=use%2:34:02:: | definition=take or consume (regularly or habitually) | synonyms=habituate | examples=She uses drugs rarely
3. sense_key=use%2:34:00:: | definition=use up, consume fully | synonyms=expend | examples=The legislature expended its time on school questions
4. sense_key=use%2:41:14:: | definition=seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage | examples=She uses her influential friends to get jobs; The president's wife used her good connections
5. sense_key=use%2:41:04:: | definition=avail oneself to | synonyms=practice, apply | examples=apply a principle; practice a religion
6. sense_key=use%2:41:03:: | definition=habitually do something (use only in the past tense) | examples=She used to call her mother every week but now she calls only occasionally; I used to get sick when I ate in that dining hall

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need select best wordnet sense for target "use" in context. Need output JSON {"sense_index": int}. We are told do not answer with sense key. Candidate senses have numbered 1-6. Need analyze context.

Context: "Just use the Add button when you are in List mode." Meaning employ/utilize/apply the Add button. Sense 1: put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose; synonyms utilize, utilise, apply, employ; examples "use your head!". This fits: use the Add button = click it? Actually use = employ/utilize. Sense 2 consume (drugs) no. Sense 3 use up fully no. Sense 4 use to one's advantage no. Sense 5 avail oneself to; apply a principle/practice religion maybe "use" with tool not exactly? Sense 1 clearly best. So answer index 1. Ensure only JSON.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: add
Target surface form: Add
Context:
To add a new 2D graph on kalgebra, what you have to do is to go to the 2D Graph tab and click in the Add tab to add the new function. Then your focus will go to an input text box where you can type your function. If you want to use a typical f(x) function it is not necessary to specify it. If you have entered the function click on the OK button to display the graph in the main window. You can set several graphs on the same view. Just use the <t>Add</t> button when you are in List mode. You can set each graph its own color.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=add%2:30:00:: | definition=make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of | examples=We added two students to that dorm room; She added a personal note to her letter
2. sense_key=add%2:32:01:: | definition=state or say further | synonyms=append, supply | examples=`It doesn't matter,' he supplied
3. sense_key=add%2:40:00:: | definition=bestow a quality on | synonyms=lend, impart, bestow, contribute, bring | examples=Her presence lends a certain cachet to the company; The music added a lot to the play
4. sense_key=add%2:31:00:: | definition=make an addition by combining numbers | synonyms=add together | examples=Add 27 and 49, please!
5. sense_key=add%2:32:00:: | definition=determine the sum of | synonyms=total, tot, tot up, sum, sum up, summate | examples=Add all the people in this town to those of the neighboring town
6. sense_key=add%2:42:00:: | definition=constitute an addition | examples=This paper will add to her reputation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content: We need do WSD for target lemma add, surface Add. Context is instructions about adding new 2D graph on kalgebra, clicking Add tab to add new function. "Add" appears as label/tab/button. The verb add means to make an addition (to), join/combine/unite with others/increase quality/quantity/size/scope. In software UI, "Add" button indicates adding a new item. Candidate sense 1: make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase... examples adding students, note. That best fits click Add tab to add new function. Sense 4 is math combine numbers, but here adding a graph/function entry, not numeric sum. Sense 6 constitute an addition maybe reputation. Sense 3 bestow quality. So choose 1. Need output JSON exactly {"sense_index": 1}.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: DeepInfra

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: list
Target surface form: List
Context:
To add a new 2D graph on kalgebra, what you have to do is to go to the 2D Graph tab and click in the Add tab to add the new function. Then your focus will go to an input text box where you can type your function. If you want to use a typical f(x) function it is not necessary to specify it. If you have entered the function click on the OK button to display the graph in the main window. You can set several graphs on the same view. Just use the Add button when you are in <t>List</t> mode. You can set each graph its own color.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=list%1:10:00:: | definition=a database containing an ordered array of items (names or topics) | synonyms=listing
2. sense_key=list%1:07:00:: | definition=the property possessed by a line or surface that departs from the vertical | synonyms=tilt, inclination, lean, leaning | examples=the tower had a pronounced tilt; the ship developed a list to starboard

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer only JSON with sense_index. The target 'List' in context: software kalgebra 2D graph, "when you are in List mode" likely a list display mode (database containing ordered array of items). Candidate sense 1 fits (ordered array of items). Sense 2 is ship tilt/list, no. So index 1.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: mode
Target surface form: mode
Context:
To add a new 2D graph on kalgebra, what you have to do is to go to the 2D Graph tab and click in the Add tab to add the new function. Then your focus will go to an input text box where you can type your function. If you want to use a typical f(x) function it is not necessary to specify it. If you have entered the function click on the OK button to display the graph in the main window. You can set several graphs on the same view. Just use the Add button when you are in List <t>mode</t>. You can set each graph its own color.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=mode%1:07:00:: | definition=how something is done or how it happens | synonyms=manner, style, way, fashion | examples=her dignified manner; his rapid manner of talking
2. sense_key=mode%1:26:00:: | definition=a particular functioning condition or arrangement | examples=switched from keyboard to voice mode
3. sense_key=mode%1:24:00:: | definition=a classification of propositions on the basis of whether they claim necessity or possibility or impossibility | synonyms=modality
4. sense_key=mode%1:24:02:: | definition=verb inflections that express how the action or state is conceived by the speaker | synonyms=mood, modality
5. sense_key=mode%1:10:00:: | definition=any of various fixed orders of the various diatonic notes within an octave | synonyms=musical mode
6. sense_key=mode%1:09:00:: | definition=the most frequent value of a random variable | synonyms=modal value

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need do WSD for target lemma mode surface form mode in context about KAlgebra graphing. Need choose among listed senses. Let's parse context: "To add a new 2D graph on kalgebra, what you have to do is to go to the 2D Graph tab and click in the Add tab to add the new function. Then your focus will go to an input text box where you can type your function. If you want to use a typical f(x) function it is not necessary to specify it. If you have entered the function click on the OK button to display the graph in the main window. You can set several graphs on the same view. Just use the Add button when you are in List mode. You can set each graph its own color."

Phrase "List mode" means a particular functioning condition or arrangement of the software, i.e. view/list mode. Sense 1 manner/style/way (how something is done) maybe? Actually "List mode" is an interface mode,a particular operating mode. WordNet sense mode%1:26:00:: definition a particular functioning condition or arrangement; examples switched from keyboard to voice mode. That fits. Sense 1 could also "a way of doing something" but "List mode" is a mode of operation/arrangement. In software, "List mode" is a display mode/condition. So best is sense key 2. Need return JSON only {"sense_index": 2}. Ensure no extra text.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: set
Target surface form: set
Context:
Then your focus will go to an input text box where you can type your function. If you want to use a typical f(x) function it is not necessary to specify it. If you have entered the function click on the OK button to display the graph in the main window. You can set several graphs on the same view. Just use the Add button when you are in List mode. You can <t>set</t> each graph its own color.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=set%2:35:00:: | definition=put into a certain place or abstract location | synonyms=put, place, pose, position, lay | examples=Put your things here; Set the tray down
2. sense_key=set%2:31:04:: | definition=fix conclusively or authoritatively | synonyms=determine | examples=set the rules
3. sense_key=set%2:32:00:: | definition=decide upon or fix definitely | synonyms=specify, determine, define, fix, limit | examples=fix the variables; specify the parameters
4. sense_key=set%2:32:01:: | definition=establish as the highest level or best performance | synonyms=mark | examples=set a record
5. sense_key=set%2:30:01:: | definition=put into a certain state; cause to be in a certain state | examples=set the house afire
6. sense_key=set%2:35:02:: | definition=fix in a border | examples=The goldsmith set the diamond
7. sense_key=set%2:30:09:: | definition=make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc | synonyms=fix, prepare, set up, ready, gear up | examples=Get the children ready for school!; prepare for war
8. sense_key=set%2:30:02:: | definition=set to a certain position or cause to operate correctly | examples=set clocks or instruments
9. sense_key=set%2:36:01:: | definition=locate | synonyms=localize, localise, place | examples=The film is set in Africa
10. sense_key=set%2:38:00:: | definition=disappear beyond the horizon | synonyms=go down, go under | examples=the sun sets early these days
11. sense_key=set%2:36:00:: | definition=adapt for performance in a different way | synonyms=arrange | examples=set this poem to music
12. sense_key=set%2:35:09:: | definition=put or set (seeds, seedlings, or plants) into the ground | synonyms=plant | examples=Let's plant flowers in the garden
13. sense_key=set%2:36:12:: | definition=apply or start | examples=set fire to a building
14. sense_key=set%2:30:07:: | definition=become gelatinous | synonyms=jell, congeal | examples=the liquid jelled after we added the enzyme
15. sense_key=set%2:36:11:: | definition=set in type | synonyms=typeset | examples=My book will be typeset nicely; set these words in italics
16. sense_key=set%2:35:15:: | definition=put into a position that will restore a normal state | examples=set a broken bone
17. sense_key=set%2:35:05:: | definition=insert (a nail or screw below the surface, as into a countersink) | synonyms=countersink
18. sense_key=set%2:35:04:: | definition=give a fine, sharp edge to a knife or razor
19. sense_key=set%2:33:00:: | definition=urge to attack someone | synonyms=sic | examples=The owner sicked his dogs on the intruders; the shaman sics sorcerers on the evil spirits
20. sense_key=set%2:31:13:: | definition=estimate | synonyms=place, put | examples=We put the time of arrival at 8 P.M.
21. sense_key=set%2:30:06:: | definition=equip with sails or masts | synonyms=rig, set up | examples=rig a ship
22. sense_key=set%2:30:12:: | definition=get ready for a particular purpose or event | synonyms=set up, lay out | examples=set up an experiment; set the table
23. sense_key=set%2:30:00:: | definition=alter or regulate so as to achieve accuracy or conform to a standard | synonyms=adjust, correct | examples=Adjust the clock, please; correct the alignment of the front wheels
24. sense_key=set%2:29:06:: | definition=bear fruit | synonyms=fructify | examples=the apple trees fructify
25. sense_key=set%2:29:05:: | definition=arrange attractively | synonyms=dress, arrange, do, coif, coiffe, coiffure | examples=dress my hair for the wedding

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need solve WSD. Target lemma set, surface set. Context: "You can set each graph its own color." Means assign/attribute a color to each graph. Candidate senses. Need choose single best indexed sense among listed. Let's inspect senses:

1. put into a certain place or abstract location. Not about color.
2. fix conclusively or authoritatively. Rules.
3. decide upon or fix definitely. Specify, define, fix. "set each graph its own color" means choose/assign a color. That is decide/fix. Could fit.
5. put into a certain state. But color is not state? maybe assign color.
8. set to a certain position or cause to operate correctly. Not.
23. alter or regulate so as to achieve accuracy. Adjust color? maybe.
25. arrange attractively. Not.
22. get ready for a particular purpose/event. Not.
7. make ready/equip. Not.
13. apply or start. set fire.
2. set the rules.
20. estimate.
Maybe sense 3 "specify, determine, define, fix, limit; fix the variables; specify the parameters". "Set each graph its own color" = assign/specify a color for each graph. Alternatively sense 1 "put into a place"? "set each graph its own color" idiomatically "set each graph to its own color" (assign a property). In WN, sense for assign a property maybe "set%2:30:01" put into a certain state; cause to be in a certain state examples "set the house afire". "set each graph its own color" = cause graph to have its own color? Actually "set X Y" (set each graph its own color) double object; means assign to each graph a color. This is like "set someone a task"? Hmm.

WordNet has sense set%2:31:00? "set" assign a value to"? Not in candidates. Let's examine candidate 3: decide upon or fix definitely. Example: "fix the variables; specify the parameters". That is about fixing a value/parameter. "set each graph its own color" could be specifying parameter (color). Candidate 1 put into certain place or abstract location examples Put your things here; Set the tray down. Not property assignment. Candidate 5 "put into a certain state" examples set house afire. That is causing state. Color is attribute maybe state. But "set each graph its own color" is not "set graph colored"; it uses ditransitive. Could be closest to "assign" not listed? Candidate 3 synonyms include specify/determine/fix/limit. "Set a variable to a value" is sense 3? Let's consider WordNet. I know sense set%2:30:00 adjust; set%2:30:01 put into state; set%2:31:00??? Actually let's recall WordNet 3.1 for verb set. Senses: (1) put, set, place, pose, position, lay -- put into a certain place; (2) determine, set -- fix conclusively or authoritatively; (3) specify, set, determine, define, fix, limit -- decide upon or fix definitely; (4) set, mark -- establish as highest; (5) set -- put into a certain state; (6) set -- fix in a border; (7) fix, prepare, set up, ready, gear up, set -- make ready; (8) set -- set to a certain position or cause to operate correctly; (9) set, localize, localise, place -- locate; (10) set, go down, go under -- disappear; (11) arrange, set -- adapt for performance; (12) plant, set -- put plants into ground; (13) set -- apply or start; (14) jell, set, congeal; (15) typeset, set; (16) set -- put into position to restore normal state; (17) countersink, set; (18) set -- sharpen edge; (19) sic, set -- urge; (20) place, put, set -- estimate; (21) rig, set, set up -- equip with sails; (22) set up, lay out, set -- get ready; (23) adjust, set, correct; (24) fructify, set; (25) dress, arrange, do, coif, coiffe, coiffure, set.

Our target "set each graph its own color" = assign. WSD: color property. Might correspond to sense 3: "specify the parameters"? Or sense 23 "adjust"? In software, "set the color" means choose/adjust a setting. But in context "You can set each graph its own color" is about assigning a color. The best candidate among listed is sense 3 (decide upon or fix definitely; specify). Since "set each graph its own color" = assign a distinct color (specify). I think answer index 3.

Need return JSON {"sense_index":3}. Ensure exact.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: color
Target surface form: color
Context:
Then your focus will go to an input text box where you can type your function. If you want to use a typical f(x) function it is not necessary to specify it. If you have entered the function click on the OK button to display the graph in the main window. You can set several graphs on the same view. Just use the Add button when you are in List mode. You can set each graph its own <t>color</t>.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=color%1:07:00:: | definition=a visual attribute of things that results from the light they emit or transmit or reflect | synonyms=colour, coloring, colouring | examples=a white color is made up of many different wavelengths of light
2. sense_key=color%1:07:03:: | definition=interest and variety and intensity | synonyms=colour, vividness | examples=the Puritan Period was lacking in color; the characters were delineated with exceptional vividness
3. sense_key=color%1:07:02:: | definition=the timbre of a musical sound | synonyms=colour, coloration, colouration | examples=the recording fails to capture the true color of the original music
4. sense_key=color%1:14:00:: | definition=a race with skin pigmentation different from the white race (especially Blacks) | synonyms=colour, people of color, people of colour
5. sense_key=color%1:07:04:: | definition=an outward or token appearance or form that is deliberately misleading | synonyms=semblance, gloss, colour | examples=he hoped his claims would have a semblance of authenticity; he tried to give his falsehood the gloss of moral sanction
6. sense_key=color%1:27:00:: | definition=any material used for its color | synonyms=coloring material, colouring material, colour | examples=she used a different color for the trim
7. sense_key=color%1:09:01:: | definition=(physics) the characteristic of quarks that determines their role in the strong interaction | synonyms=colour | examples=each flavor of quarks comes in three colors
8. sense_key=color%1:07:01:: | definition=the appearance of objects (or light sources) described in terms of a person's perception of their hue and lightness (or brightness) and saturation | synonyms=colour

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need choose sense for target "color" in context. Context: graphing software, each graph its own color. That's visual attribute, display color, likely sense 1: visual attribute of things that results from the light they emit or transmit or reflect. Also sense 8: appearance of objects described in terms of perception of hue lightness saturation. Sense 6: material used for its color. Here setting a graph's color means choosing display color. Sense 1 examples white color made up of wavelengths. Sense 8 synonyms colour; definition appearance of objects described in terms of hue lightness saturation. Which is best? In computational UI context, "set each graph its own color" refers to color as visual attribute/property of graph. WordNet noun color: 1:07:00 "a visual attribute of things that results from the light they emit or transmit or reflect" often hypernym. Sense 8 "the appearance of objects (or light sources) described in terms of a person's perception of their hue and lightness (or brightness) and saturation". Hmm. Which is the right WordNet index for display color? WordNet 3.0: color, colour, coloring, colouring, color_n_1 = "a visual attribute of things that results from the light they emit or transmit or reflect". color_n_5? Let's recall WordNet color noun senses:
- 1 a visual attribute... (hypernym)
- 2 interest and variety and intensity
- 3 timbre
- 4 an outward or token appearance or form that is deliberately misleading
- 5 any material used for its color (coloring material)
- 6 (physics) color charge
- 7 a race with skin pigmentation... maybe 1:14
- 8 the appearance of objects (or light sources) described in terms of hue lightness saturation.
Actually order: 1 visual attribute (1:07:00), 2 appearance of objects described... (1:07:01), 3 timbre (1:07:02), 4 interest and variety (1:07:03), 5 outward misleading appearance (1:07:04), 6 race (1:14:00), 7 coloring material (1:27:00), 8 physics quark (1:09:01). The candidate list order: 1 1:07:00 visual attribute, 2 interest, 3 timbre, 4 race, 5 misleading, 6 coloring material, 7 physics, 8 1:07:01 appearance described in terms of perception. Wait candidate 8 has sense key color%1:07:01. So display graph color probably sense 1 or 8. Let's disambiguate fine-grained. "You can set each graph its own color." This is the color used to draw the graph, a visual attribute (the line/pixel color). Sense 1 definition: visual attribute of things that results from the light they emit or transmit or reflect. A graph on screen emits light, its color is a visual attribute. Sense 8 definition: appearance of objects described in terms of a person's perception of hue and lightness and saturation. This is more about the perceptual experience/quality, the appearance of objects. In UI, "set the color" often maps to "color property" sense 1, as in "white color is made up of wavelengths". Actually "white color" example is sense 1. When selecting a color, often "a red color" etc. I think the best is sense 1. The instruction: choose single best indexed sense; return JSON. Must not include answer with sense key. Only JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 3}. So output {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: foundation
Target surface form: Foundation
Context:
The <t>Foundation</t> has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=foundation%1:24:00:: | definition=the basis on which something is grounded | examples=there is little foundation for his objections
2. sense_key=foundation%1:14:00:: | definition=an institution supported by an endowment
3. sense_key=foundation%1:06:00:: | definition=lowest support of a structure | synonyms=base, fundament, foot, groundwork, substructure, understructure | examples=it was built on a base of solid rock; he stood at the foot of the tower
4. sense_key=foundation%1:09:01:: | definition=education or instruction in the fundamentals of a field of knowledge | synonyms=grounding | examples=he lacks the foundation necessary for advanced study; a good grounding in mathematics
5. sense_key=foundation%1:09:00:: | definition=the fundamental assumptions from which something is begun or developed or calculated or explained | synonyms=basis, base, fundament, groundwork, cornerstone | examples=the whole argument rested on a basis of conjecture
6. sense_key=foundation%1:06:01:: | definition=a woman's undergarment worn to give shape to the contours of the body | synonyms=foundation garment
7. sense_key=foundation%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of starting something for the first time; introducing something new | synonyms=initiation, founding, institution, origination, creation, innovation | examples=she looked forward to her initiation as an adult; the foundation of a new scientific society

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context describes "The Foundation" as an entity that organises conferences, with participants from public authorities, social partners, voluntary/community organisations, and service users. This strongly indicates an institutional/organisational entity, likely a charitable or endowed institution.

Among the candidates:
- 2. institution supported by an endowment: best fits an organisation/entity involved in organising conferences.
- Other senses are about basis/support, education, underwear, or act of founding. None match the use of "Foundation" as a named entity that acts/organises.

Therefore, sense 2 is the best choice.

provider: Together


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: involve
Target surface form: involved
Context:
The Foundation has recently been <t>involved</t> in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=involve%2:42:01:: | definition=connect closely and often incriminatingly | synonyms=affect, regard | examples=This new ruling affects your business
2. sense_key=involve%2:42:04:: | definition=engage as a participant | examples=Don't involve me in your family affairs!
3. sense_key=involve%2:42:00:: | definition=have as a necessary feature | synonyms=imply | examples=This decision involves many changes
4. sense_key=involve%2:42:07:: | definition=require as useful, just, or proper | synonyms=necessitate, ask, postulate, need, require, take | examples=It takes nerve to do what she did; success usually requires hard work
5. sense_key=involve%2:42:02:: | definition=contain as a part | examples=Dinner at Joe's always involves at least six courses
6. sense_key=involve%2:31:00:: | definition=occupy or engage the interest of | examples=His story completely involved me during the entire afternoon
7. sense_key=involve%2:30:00:: | definition=make complex or intricate or complicated | examples=The situation was rather involved

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer JSON. Need decide sense index. Context: "The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference..." This uses involved as adjective/passive participle of involve. Choices are verb senses. Sense 2: involve%2:42:04:: definition=engage as a participant. Example "Don't involve me in your family affairs!". "be involved in organising" means participate/engaged. Need map index: candidates listed 1-7. Which sense? 2: engage as a participant. So answer index 2. Need ensure no extra.

provider: Parasail


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: organise
Target surface form: organising
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in <t>organising</t> a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=organise%2:30:00:: | definition=bring order and organization to | synonyms=organize, coordinate | examples=Can you help me organize my files?
2. sense_key=organise%2:41:01:: | definition=create (as an entity) | synonyms=form, organize | examples=social groups form everywhere; They formed a company
3. sense_key=organise%2:41:02:: | definition=form or join a union | synonyms=unionize, unionise, organize | examples=The auto workers decided to unionize
4. sense_key=organise%2:41:00:: | definition=cause to be structured or ordered or operating according to some principle or idea | synonyms=organize
5. sense_key=organise%2:36:00:: | definition=arrange by systematic planning and united effort | synonyms=organize, prepare, devise, get up, machinate | examples=machinate a plot; organize a strike
6. sense_key=organise%2:31:00:: | definition=plan and direct (a complex undertaking) | synonyms=mastermind, engineer, direct, organize, orchestrate | examples=he masterminded the robbery

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need perform WSD for target lemma organise, surface organising in sentence: "The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge."
Candidate senses provided with index presumably 1..6.

We need choose best indexed sense. Need return JSON object like {"sense_index": 3}. Do not answer with sense key.

We need reason over WordNet senses. Let's analyze.

WordNet senses for organise (British spelling). given:
1. sense_key=organise%2:30:00:: definition=bring order and organization to | synonyms=organize, coordinate | examples=Can you help me organize my files?
2. create (as an entity) | synonyms=form, organize | examples=social groups form everywhere; They formed a company
3. form or join a union | synonyms=unionize, unionise, organize | examples=The auto workers decided to unionize
4. cause to be structured or ordered or operating according to some principle or idea | synonyms=organize
5. arrange by systematic planning and united effort | synonyms=organize, prepare, devise, get up, machinate | examples=machinate a plot; organize a strike
6. plan and direct (a complex undertaking) | synonyms=mastermind, engineer, direct, organize, orchestrate | examples=he masterminded the robbery

Which sense for "organising a conference"? A conference is an event. To organize a conference is to plan and arrange it. Likely sense 6: plan and direct (a complex undertaking) - orchestrate, mastermind. Or sense 5: arrange by systematic planning and united effort - examples include organize a strike. Sense 1: bring order to files. Sense 4: cause to be structured/ordered according to principle/idea; maybe structure an organization. Sense 2: create as entity. Sense 3 union.

In WordNet, "organize" has senses: organize.v.01 (organism? Actually organize.v.01 = create as entity?), need recall. Let's recall WordNet for organize (US). Verb senses of "organize" in WordNet 3.0:
- v.01: create (as an entity); synonyms form, organize. ("social groups form everywhere")
- v.02: cause to be structured or ordered or operating according to some principle or idea; synonyms organize.
- v.03: plan and direct (a complex undertaking); synonyms mastermind, engineer, direct, organize, orchestrate. ("he masterminded the robbery")
- v.04: bring order and organization to; synonyms organize, coordinate. ("Can you help me organize my files?")
- v.05: arrange by systematic planning and united effort; synonyms organize, prepare, devise, get up, machinate. ("machinate a plot"; "organize a strike")
- v.06: form or join a union; synonyms unionize, unionise, organize.
- v.07: (maybe coordinate) Actually okay.

Candidate order here is not standard. We need pick index 6? Let's compare context with "organising a conference". Conferences are complex undertakings, and you plan and direct them. Could also be "arrange by systematic planning" (sense 5). Which sense is correct?

Let's look at definitions carefully. 5: "arrange by systematic planning and united effort". Examples: "machinate a plot; organize a strike". Organizing a conference is arranging by planning. 6: "plan and direct (a complex undertaking)". Examples: "he masterminded the robbery". Synonyms: mastermind, engineer, direct, organize, orchestrate.

Both plausible. Need choose best via examples and context.

The sentence: "Foundation has been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants ... attended and debated issues ...". This is an event with participants, not necessarily unionization or creating entity. It is "arranging a conference" vs "planning/directing a complex undertaking".

In WordNet, "organize a conference" typical mapping? Let's search memory: WSD datasets like SemCor. Sentence "They organized the conference" perhaps maps to organize.v.01? We need recall. WordNet sense distinctions:
- organize.v.01 = create (as an entity) – organize the league of nations?
- organize.v.02 = cause to be structured or ordered or operating according to some principle or idea
- organize.v.03 = plan and direct (a complex undertaking)
- organize.v.04 = bring order and organization to
- organize.v.05 = arrange by systematic planning and united effort
- organize.v.06 = form/join union.

"organize a conference" literally means planning and carrying out a conference. In PropBank maybe organize.02: organize an event (plan and carry out an event). This may align to WordNet "arrange by systematic planning and united effort" (organize a strike) or "plan and direct (complex undertaking)".

The examples for sense 5: "organize a strike". A conference is similar to a strike? Both collective planned events requiring systematic effort. Sense 6 example: "masterminded the robbery", "orchestrate". A conference is not a criminal plot but a complex undertaking.

In WN 3.0, "organize a conference" is probably sense 2.41.00? Let's derive sense_key to index mapping:
sense keys:
1. organise%2:30:00::
2. organise%2:41:01::
3. organise%2:41:02::
4. organise%2:41:00::
5. organise%2:36:00::
6. organise%2:31:00::

WordNet lexical file numbers:
- 2:30:00 contact? Wait verb lexnames: 2:30 = change (bring order and organization to)
- 2:41 = social (create social entity, unionize, cause structured)
- 2:36 = communication? Actually 2:36 = creation? Check; lexnames: noun or verb. verb.frames maybe 2:36 = contact? Let's recall WordNet lexicographer file numbers for verbs:
00 = adj.all
01 = noun.Tops? Wait these are for verbs maybe:
17? Lexicographer filenames use lexicographical numbers:
- verb.body 2:29
- verb.change 2:30
- verb.cognition 2:31
- verb.communication 2:32
- verb.competition 2:33
- verb.consumption 2:34
- verb.contact 2:35
- verb.creation 2:36
- verb.emotion 2:37
- verb.motion 2:38
- verb.perception 2:39
- verb.possession 2:40
- verb.social 2:41
- verb.stative 2:42
- verb.weather 2:43

So 2:31 = cognition. "plan and direct" is in cognition. 2:36 = creation "arrange by systematic planning". 2:41 = social. 2:30 = change.

Thus sense 6 (2:31) = plan and direct (a complex undertaking), cognition.
Sense 5 (2:36) = arrange by systematic planning and united effort, creation.
Sense 4 (2:41:00) = cause to be structured/ordered, operating according to principle, social.
Sense 2 (2:41:01) = create as entity, social.
Sense 3 (2:41:02) = form or join union, social.
Sense 1 (2:30) = bring order to, change.

"organising a conference" is creation? Actually the foundation is involved in organizing a conference. To organize an event is to make all preparations; WordNet sense 5 is "arrange by systematic planning and united effort" with example "organize a strike". This looks suitable for organizing a conference. Sense 6 "plan and direct (a complex undertaking)" also a conference but more like orchestrating a complex plan (e.g., robbery). "Conference" is less a plot and more an event. Yet the gloss says "plan and direct (a complex undertaking)" synonyms mastermind, engineer, orchestrate - not necessarily negative. Hmm.

Let's decide based on typical annotated examples. In WSD literature, "organize a conference" maybe mapped to organize.v.05? Let's find memory of actual WordNet examples:
- organize.v.04 examples: "Can you help me organize my files?"
- organize.v.05 examples: "machinate a plot", "organize a strike"
- organize.v.03 examples: "he masterminded the robbery"
- organize.v.01 examples: "social groups form everywhere"; "They formed a company"
- organize.v.02 no specific example maybe "She organized the department into divisions".
- organize.v.06: "The auto workers decided to unionize"

If I search internal memory: WordNet for "organize" includes verb sense 2.41:00 definition: cause to be structured or ordered or operating according to some principle or idea. Example: "She organized the department" might be this sense (arrange structure). Actually "cause to be structured or ordered according to some principle" includes organizing a room, schedule, conference? A conference is an event that is structured. But sense 4 is not about events; it's about social/entity structure.

Wait the candidate list's sense 2 create as entity (2:41:01) and sense 4 cause to be structured (2:41:00). In WordNet, the index for create as an entity is organize.v.01? Wait standard keys:
organize%2:41:00:: (organize.v.01) = create (as an entity) ? Actually sense_key offsets: The lex_id (last 2 digits?) The first sense in WordNet for "organize" may be create as entity = organize.v.01; its sense key = organize%2:41:00. But candidate 4 has key %2:41:00 which says "cause to be structured ...". Hmm inconsistency. Maybe candidate listing mapping differs from standard? The user has assigned indices and provided sense_key, definition, etc. We must use candidate list, not external WordNet ordering. So index 2 = create as entity. Index 4 = cause structured.

So we choose based on candidate definitions. There's potential ambiguity between 4 and 5/6. The phrase "organising a conference" - the Foundation is not structuring an entity (company, department) but making arrangements for a conference. So either 5 or 6.

Let's examine synonyms:
5 synonyms: organize, prepare, devise, get up, machinate. "prepare, devise" strongly align with event organizing. "machinate" implies secret plot but not core.
6 synonyms: mastermind, engineer, direct, orchestrate. These emphasize directing/leading a complex operation.

The context: "Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues..." The foundation's involvement is to host/arrange a conference, not to mastermind/direct a complex undertaking in sense of criminal/secret planning. The word "involved in organising" suggests logistical arrangement. Therefore sense 5 likely fits better: "arrange by systematic planning and united effort".

But check "arrange by systematic planning and united effort" - "united effort" maybe implies collective action like strike, plot. But conference also requires united effort of organizers, but not necessarily "united effort" by participants. The definition "arrange by systematic planning and united effort" Example "organize a strike" includes a labor action requiring collective. Conference is arranged by systematic planning. Could be.

Sense 6 "plan and direct (a complex undertaking)" is broad: conference is a complex undertaking. "Mastermind" is not appropriate, but "direct" yes. However WordNet sense 6 has lexname cognition; maybe used for planning and directing an operation/robbery/military campaign. Organizing a conference is a complex undertaking. Many WSD datasets map "organize a conference" to organize.v.04? Let's recall.

Consider the possibility that "organise" lemma in OntoNotes? In FrameNet "organize event". WordNet might separate event-planning as sense 5 (creation): "arrange by systematic planning and united effort". Actually "organize a strike" is an event. "Organize a conference" is also event arrangement. So sense 5 likely.

Let's think of other candidates:
1 bring order to (files) - no.
2 create as entity - conference exists? They are creating a conference event as entity? Maybe possible.
4 cause structured/ordered according to principle - no.
3 union - no.

So top candidates: 5 or 6. Which one does "organising a conference" map in WordNet? Let's find actual sentences containing "conference" in WN annotations maybe? A simple web memory: Using NLTK wordnet for "organize":
organize.v.04 definition: bring order and organization to; examples: "Can you help me organize my files?"
organize.v.01 definition: create (as an entity); examples: "social groups form everywhere"; "They formed a company"
organize.v.02 definition: cause to be structured or ordered or operating according to some principle or idea; examples: "She organized the department"
organize.v.03 definition: plan and direct (a complex undertaking); examples: "he masterminded the robbery"
organize.v.05 definition: arrange by systematic planning and united effort; examples: "machinate a plot"; "organize a strike"
organize.v.06 definition: form or join a union.

If we ask what sense is "organize a conference"? I think the closest is organize.v.03? Wait consider "He organized a conference" = he planned and directed a complex undertaking. But "plan and direct" might include events like conferences. Example "organize a team" maybe create entity. "organize a conference" maybe sense 5? Maybe not.

Let's look at definitions semantics. Sense 5 "arrange by systematic planning and united effort". A conference is an event arranged by planning. So yes. Sense 6 "plan and direct (a complex undertaking)" - A conference is not an "undertaking" exactly but an event. The gloss includes "complex undertaking" and synonyms "direct, orchestrate". To orchestrate a conference? You can orchestrate a conference.

Distinction: Sense 6 implies directing/overseeing from above, strategic. Sense 5 implies systematic arrangement; could also mean preparation. In context, a foundation is involved in "organising a conference" likely handling logistics, inviting participants - so sense 5. Also "Over 100 participants attended and debated issues" - that's the conference outcome. The foundation arranged it.

However, the instruction says "fine-grained WSD", "choose best indexed sense". Must not hedge. Return JSON.

Need ensure output exactly like {"sense_index": 5} or 6. Let's maybe reason about WordNet lexnames to decide. Sense 5 is verb.creation: arrange by systematic planning and united effort. Sense 6 is verb.cognition: plan and direct. When organizing an event, one creates the event? In WordNet perhaps "organize an event" maps to creation sense. The example "organize a strike" exactly analogous to "organize a conference". So 5.

But wait: "organize a strike" in sense 5 is "arrange by systematic planning and united effort". A conference is not necessarily a collective action like a strike, but "united effort" might refer to organizers. In typical lexicography, sense 5 includes "organize a protest/meeting/conference"? Not sure.

Let's inspect overlaps: Synonyms for sense 5: "prepare, devise, get up, machinate". "Get up" (colloquial: "get up a petition", "get up a meeting") particularly means arrange or organize an event (like a dance, meeting). Ah! "get up" as a phrasal verb means to organize or plan an event. So sense 5 is the event-organizing sense. Great. That strongly supports conference. Example "get up a picnic". So organizing a conference belongs to sense 5. So answer index 5.

Double-check sense 6 synonyms: "mastermind, engineer, direct, orchestrate". "orchestrate an event" could also be used, but has connotation of coordinating elements to produce effect. But "get up" specifically events.

Thus choose sense 5.

Need output only JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 5}. No extra text.

provider: Ambient


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: conference
Target surface form: conference
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a <t>conference</t> which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=conference%1:14:00:: | definition=a prearranged meeting for consultation or exchange of information or discussion (especially one with a formal agenda)
2. sense_key=conference%1:14:01:: | definition=an association of sports teams that organizes matches for its members | synonyms=league
3. sense_key=conference%1:10:00:: | definition=a discussion among participants who have an agreed (serious) topic | synonyms=group discussion

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need disambiguate "conference" in context. Candidate senses: index 1 meeting prearranged with formal agenda; index 2 sports league; index 3 discussion among participants with agreed serious topic (synonyms group discussion). Context: Foundation organising a conference which dealt with critical challenge. Over 100 participants from main interest groups attended and debated issues such as role of key actors. This is a prearranged meeting for consultation/discussion with formal agenda (a conference). It is also a discussion among participants with agreed topic. Which is best? Need choose single best. Conference common noun sense 1 in WordNet is "a prearranged meeting for consultation or exchange of information or discussion (especially one with a formal agenda)". Sense 3 is "a discussion among participants who have an agreed (serious) topic; synonyms: group discussion". The context mentions organising a conference, over 100 participants attended, debated issues. Is this more a meeting or a discussion? Conferences are meetings. Group discussion likely "conference" in different usage? Let's examine WordNet senses. conference has three: 1:14:00:: meeting; 1:14:01:: league; 1:10:00:: group discussion.
We need decide index. In WSD for noun conference, a formal gathering/fonference is sense 1. The context participants, debated issues, role of actors etc matches prearranged meeting. Sense 3 might be something like "a conference call" or discussion? But "conference" as group discussion can refer to an exchange such as "a conference of experts". The mention of "organising a conference" with "Over 100 participants" indicates a meeting/event.

Let's inspect gloss: sense 1: prearranged meeting for consultation or exchange of information or discussion (especially one with a formal agenda). This fits. Sense 3: discussion among participants who have an agreed serious topic; synonyms group discussion. An event with 100 participants could be group discussion? More likely a meeting. The phrase "attended and debated issues" entails participants debated; but the event is a conference/meeting. WordNet's sense 3 may correspond to conference as the act/process of conferring/discussing (a conference about region?). Actually likely "conference" can mean a meeting where people confer. The typical. But sense 1 is meeting with formal agenda, and examples probably "annual conference", "news conference", "press conference". Sense 3 examples? Could be "a conference of philosophers" maybe? But the tournament/league sense clearly not.

We need return JSON {"sense_index": 1}. No explanation. Ensure exactly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: deal
Target surface form: dealt
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which <t>dealt</t> with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=deal%2:32:08:: | definition=act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression | synonyms=cover, treat, handle, plow, address | examples=This book deals with incest; The course covered all of Western Civilization
2. sense_key=deal%2:31:10:: | definition=take into consideration for exemplifying purposes | synonyms=consider, take, look at | examples=Take the case of China; Consider the following case
3. sense_key=deal%2:41:09:: | definition=take action with respect to (someone or something) | examples=How are we going to deal with this problem?; The teacher knew how to deal with these lazy students
4. sense_key=deal%2:41:00:: | definition=come to terms with | synonyms=cope, get by, make out, make do, contend, grapple | examples=We got by on just a gallon of gas; They made do on half a loaf of bread every day
5. sense_key=deal%2:40:01:: | definition=administer or bestow, as in small portions | synonyms=distribute, administer, mete out, parcel out, lot, dispense | examples=administer critical remarks to everyone present; dole out some money
6. sense_key=deal%2:40:00:: | definition=do business; offer for sale as for one's livelihood | synonyms=sell, trade | examples=She deals in gold; The brothers sell shoes
7. sense_key=deal%2:41:13:: | definition=be in charge of, act on, or dispose of | synonyms=manage, care, handle | examples=I can deal with this crew of workers; This blender can't handle nuts
8. sense_key=deal%2:41:04:: | definition=behave in a certain way towards others | examples=He deals fairly with his employees
9. sense_key=deal%2:40:02:: | definition=distribute cards to the players in a game | examples=Who's dealing?
10. sense_key=deal%2:41:02:: | definition=direct the course of; manage or control | synonyms=conduct, carry on | examples=You cannot conduct business like this
11. sense_key=deal%2:40:07:: | definition=give out as one's portion or share | synonyms=share, divvy up, portion out, apportion
12. sense_key=deal%2:40:06:: | definition=give (a specific card) to a player | examples=He dealt me the Queen of Spades
13. sense_key=deal%2:40:11:: | definition=sell | examples=deal hashish

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer JSON. Need determine best sense for "dealt" in sentence: "The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge." Semantic: conference addressed/considered/covered challenge. Candidate senses: 1 definition act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression; synonyms cover, treat, handle, plow, address; examples "This book deals with incest; The course covered all of Western Civilization". That fits a conference dealing with a challenge (topic). Sense 3 take action with respect to problem; but conference doesn't take action, it addresses topic. Sense 7 manage/care/handle: "I can deal with this crew of workers"; more handle/manage. Sense 2 take into consideration for exemplifying purposes (consider/take/look at) e.g. "Take the case of China"; not exactly. The phrase "deal with" = "be about, address" best sense 1. Need return {"sense_index":1}. Ensure only JSON.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: critical
Target surface form: critical
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this <t>critical</t> challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=critical%3:00:01:: | definition=marked by a tendency to find and call attention to errors and flaws | examples=a critical attitude
2. sense_key=critical%3:00:04:: | definition=at or of a point at which a property or phenomenon suffers an abrupt change especially having enough mass to sustain a chain reaction | examples=a critical temperature of water is 100 degrees C--its boiling point at standard atmospheric pressure; critical mass
3. sense_key=critical%3:00:02:: | definition=characterized by careful evaluation and judgment | examples=a critical reading; a critical dissertation
4. sense_key=critical%5:00:00:indispensable:00 | definition=urgently needed; absolutely necessary | synonyms=vital | examples=a critical element of the plan; critical medical supplies
5. sense_key=critical%5:00:00:crucial:00 | definition=forming or having the nature of a turning point or crisis | synonyms=decisive | examples=a critical point in the campaign; the critical test
6. sense_key=critical%3:00:03:: | definition=being in or verging on a state of crisis or emergency | examples=a critical shortage of food; a critical illness
7. sense_key=critical%3:01:00:: | definition=of or involving or characteristic of critics or criticism | examples=critical acclaim

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need answer JSON only. Need choose sense. Context: "this critical challenge". Challenge requiring urgent attention? It says critical challenge. Which sense best? Candidates:
1 finding errors/flaws - no.
2 scientific critical point - no.
3 careful evaluation - no.
4 urgently needed; absolutely necessary; vital. "a critical element of the plan" - similar to critical challenge? Critical challenge = a challenge that is crucial/essential? Hmm.
5 forming/having nature of turning point or crisis; decisive. "a critical point in the campaign". "critical challenge" could be decisive/turning point challenge.
6 state of crisis/ emergency - critical shortage, critical illness - challenge? possibly but critical challenge not state of emergency.
7 critics/criticism - no.
Between 4 and 5. Let's parse sentence: "dealt with this critical challenge". The conference dealt with this critical challenge. "Critical" modifies "challenge" meaning of crucial importance or decisive? The phrase "critical challenge" is often used to mean crucial/important challenge, i.e., urgent and absolutely necessary to address. That aligns with sense 4 (indispensable). Also synonyms vital. But sense 5 (crucial/decisive) synonyms decisive, "critical point" often means turning point. Is "challenge" a turning point? Could be, but "critical challenge" not necessarily decisive moment. "Critical issue" normally sense 4? In WordNet, critical issue maybe sense 4? Let’s consider examples: sense 4 examples "a critical element of the plan; critical medical supplies". These are things essential/required. "critical challenge" maybe a challenge that is critically important, urgent. Sense 5 examples: "a critical point in the campaign; the critical test". These are turning points. A challenge is not a point. So sense 4 likely.
Need return JSON with sense_index (index among candidates). Candidate 4 is index 4. Ensure no extra text.

provider: Moonshot AI


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: challenge
Target surface form: challenge
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical <t>challenge</t>. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=challenge%1:26:00:: | definition=a demanding or stimulating situation | examples=they reacted irrationally to the challenge of Russian power
2. sense_key=challenge%1:10:00:: | definition=a call to engage in a contest or fight
3. sense_key=challenge%1:10:01:: | definition=questioning a statement and demanding an explanation | examples=his challenge of the assumption that Japan is still our enemy
4. sense_key=challenge%1:10:02:: | definition=a formal objection to the selection of a particular person as a juror
5. sense_key=challenge%1:10:03:: | definition=a demand by a sentry for a password or identification

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to identify the single best sense of the target word "challenge" in the given context. Let me analyze the context carefully.

Context: "The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical <t>challenge</t>. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users."

The word "challenge" here refers to a critical issue or problem that needs to be addressed. It's described as "critical" and the conference "dealt with" this challenge. The participants debated issues related to it.

Now let me look at the candidate senses:

1. challenge%1:26:00:: | definition=a demanding or stimulating situation | examples=they reacted irrationally to the challenge of Russian power
   - This refers to a difficult or demanding situation/task. The example "challenge of Russian power" shows it's about dealing with a powerful force or difficult situation.

2. challenge%1:10:00:: | definition=a call to engage in a contest or fight
   - This is a literal challenge to fight or compete.

3. challenge%1:10:01:: | definition=questioning a statement and demanding an explanation
   - This is about challenging/disputing something verbally.

4. challenge%1:10:02:: | definition=a formal objection to the selection of a particular person as a juror
   - Legal context, very specific.

5. challenge%1:10:03:: | definition=a demand by a sentry for a password or identification
   - Military/security context, very specific.

In the given context, "challenge" refers to a difficult or critical situation that the conference addressed. It's about dealing with a complex issue or problem. This matches sense 1: "a demanding or stimulating situation."

The phrase "this critical challenge" suggests it's a difficult task or situation requiring attention and effort. The conference "dealt with" it, which fits with sense 1.

Sense 3 (questioning a statement) doesn't fit because there's no indication of challenging/disputing a statement.
Sense 2 (call to fight) doesn't fit.
Senses 4 and 5 are too specific and don't fit the context.

Therefore, the best sense is sense 1.

Wait, I need to return it as {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: participant
Target surface form: participants
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 <t>participants</t> from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=participant%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who takes part in an activity
2. sense_key=participant%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who participates in or is skilled at some game | synonyms=player

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer choose between sense 1 and 2 for participant. Need determine best. Context: conference with participants from interest groups attended and debated issues. Not game. So sense 1 someone who takes part in an activity. Return JSON only.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: main
Target surface form: main
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the <t>main</t> interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=main%5:00:00:important:00 | definition=most important element | synonyms=chief, primary, principal, master | examples=the chief aim of living; the main doors were of solid glass
2. sense_key=main%3:00:02:: | definition=(of a clause) capable of standing syntactically alone as a complete sentence | synonyms=independent | examples=the main (or independent) clause in a complex sentence has at least a subject and a verb
3. sense_key=main%5:00:00:intense:00 | definition=of force; of the greatest possible intensity | examples=by main strength

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer JSON only. Need choose best sense. Context: "the main interest groups". Means most important interest groups. Synonyms chief, primary, principal. Sense 1. Not clause. Not force. So index 1.

provider: AkashML


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: attend
Target surface form: attended
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups <t>attended</t> and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=attend%2:42:00:: | definition=be present at (meetings, church services, university), etc. | synonyms=go to | examples=She attends class regularly; I rarely attend services at my church
2. sense_key=attend%2:41:12:: | definition=take charge of or deal with | synonyms=take care, look, see | examples=Could you see about lunch?; I must attend to this matter
3. sense_key=attend%2:42:01:: | definition=to accompany as a circumstance or follow as a result | examples=Menuhin's playing was attended by a 15-minute standing ovation
4. sense_key=attend%2:41:00:: | definition=work for or be a servant to | synonyms=serve, attend to, wait on, assist | examples=May I serve you?; She attends the old lady in the wheelchair
5. sense_key=attend%2:39:00:: | definition=give heed (to) | synonyms=hang, advert, pay heed, give ear | examples=The children in the audience attended the recital quietly; She hung on his every word

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context refers to participants coming to a conference and taking part in debates. The direct object of "attended" is implied (the conference), and the meaning is "be present at." This matches sense 1, attend%2:42:00::, definition "be present at (meetings, church services, university), etc." with synonyms "go to" and examples about attending class and services.{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: attend
Target surface form: attended
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups <t>attended</t> and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=attend%2:42:00:: | definition=be present at (meetings, church services, university), etc. | synonyms=go to | examples=She attends class regularly; I rarely attend services at my church
2. sense_key=attend%2:41:12:: | definition=take charge of or deal with | synonyms=take care, look, see | examples=Could you see about lunch?; I must attend to this matter
3. sense_key=attend%2:42:01:: | definition=to accompany as a circumstance or follow as a result | examples=Menuhin's playing was attended by a 15-minute standing ovation
4. sense_key=attend%2:41:00:: | definition=work for or be a servant to | synonyms=serve, attend to, wait on, assist | examples=May I serve you?; She attends the old lady in the wheelchair
5. sense_key=attend%2:39:00:: | definition=give heed (to) | synonyms=hang, advert, pay heed, give ear | examples=The children in the audience attended the recital quietly; She hung on his every word

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 5. Return only valid JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}.

reasoning_content: We need answer only JSON selecting best sense. We already reasoned: participants attended conference, be present at meetings etc. So sense 1. Need output exactly {"sense_index": 1}. There's a user prompt "Your previous answer was invalid..." perhaps from earlier attempt? Not needed. Just return JSON.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: debate
Target surface form: debated
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and <t>debated</t> issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=debate%2:31:00:: | definition=argue with one another | examples=We debated the question of abortion; John debated Mary
2. sense_key=debate%2:32:02:: | definition=think about carefully; weigh | synonyms=consider, moot, turn over, deliberate | examples=They considered the possibility of a strike; Turn the proposal over in your mind
3. sense_key=debate%2:32:00:: | definition=discuss the pros and cons of an issue | synonyms=deliberate
4. sense_key=debate%2:32:01:: | definition=have an argument about something | synonyms=argue, contend, fence

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need choose best indexed sense for target word "debated" in given context. Need produce JSON {"sense_index": 3} etc.

Let's analyze context. "The Foundation ... conference ... Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and <t>debated</t> issues such as the role of key actors including ..."

Important: candidates:
1. argue with one another (trans/intrans?). Example We debated the question of abortion; John debated Mary. This could be discuss disputed question possibly with another or reciprocal.
2. think about carefully; weigh; synonyms consider, moot, turn over, deliberate. Examples They considered the possibility... individual thought, not necessarily group discussion.
3. discuss the pros and cons of an issue; synonyms deliberate. This is deliberation discussion.
4. have an argument about something; synonyms argue, contend, fence. This suggests argument/ dispute.

We need decide exact sense. Sentence: participants attended and debated issues at a conference. "issues such as role of key actors... service users" It's describing a conference where participants discussed/debated issues. Likely sense 3 or 1. Let's parse WordNet senses for debate v.

WordNet verb senses for debate (as I recall):
- debate%2:31:00::? Wait synset offsets. Let's check approximate mapping.
For verb "debate" in WN:
1. debate, deliberate, consider, moot, turn over? Actually "turn over" maybe.
2.
I need know exact indexed senses maybe from example definitions provided. Sense keys:
1. debate%2:31:00:: definition argue with one another examples We debated the question of abortion; John debated Mary.
2. debate%2:32:02:: definition think about carefully; weigh synonyms consider, moot, turn over, deliberate; examples They considered possibility...
3. debate%2:32:00:: definition discuss the pros and cons of ... synonyms deliberate
4. debate%2:32:01:: definition have an argument about something synonyms argue, contend, fence.

Wait senses 1 and 4 both have notion of arguing. Difference: 1 might be "argue with one another" transitive (We debated the question). It is in WN verb.competition? Actually "John debated Mary" maybe. 4 is "have an argument about something", intransitive. The target form "debated issues" is transitive direct object "issues". So a transitive sense. Candidates 1 and 3 can be transitive; 4 is have an argument about something (argued about issues). 1 says argue with one another. But in context participants debated issues together at a conference; not adversarial argument (no clear opposing sides or dispute). It means discussed and deliberated. The conference dealt with critical challenge, participants attended and debated issues. That sounds like "discuss the pros and cons" (sense 3) or maybe "think about carefully" (sense 2). But it's a group of 100 participants, so not individual mulling. Sense 3 synonyms deliberate describes group discussing an issue in formal setting = conference. So likely best indexed sense is 3.

Sense 2 has synonyms consider, moot, turn over, deliberate. It says think about carefully; weigh. Could fit "participants deliberated issues" but "deliberate" can be discussed. However examples about "They considered the possibility; Turn the proposal over in your mind" suggests individual internal decision making. In this context over 100 participants in conference, not possible individual thought. So not 2.

Sense 1 "argue with one another" example We debated the question of abortion. That is transitive argument, but connotes perhaps two-sided formal argument. Could conference debate issues be sense 1? Example "We debated the question of abortion" is indeed discussing a controversial issue maybe arguing. In conference context, less adversarial "interest groups" could be contentious, but the passage reports attempts to involve users... not necessarily arguing. Could "debated issues" in conference = discussed topics. In WordNet, "discuss the pros and cons of an issue" matches general 'deliberate' meetings. That's sense 3.

We need ensure indexing. User asks Candidates listed as 1,2,3,4. We return sense_index. Should we answer 3. Let's double-check map. In WN, debate%2:32:00:: "discuss the pros and cons of an issue" is likely the general transitive "debate" with direct object "issue". Example We debated whether to get married. Yes. If candidate 3 matches exactly with sentence: debated issues = discuss pros and cons. So 3.

Need answer only JSON exactly. Ensure no commentary.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: issue
Target surface form: issues
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated <t>issues</t> such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=issue%1:09:01:: | definition=an important question that is in dispute and must be settled | examples=the issue could be settled by requiring public education for everyone; politicians never discuss the real issues
2. sense_key=issue%1:10:00:: | definition=one of a series published periodically | synonyms=number | examples=she found an old issue of the magazine in her dentist's waiting room
3. sense_key=issue%1:09:00:: | definition=some situation or event that is thought about | synonyms=topic, subject, matter | examples=he kept drifting off the topic; he had been thinking about the subject for several years
4. sense_key=issue%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of providing an item for general use or for official purposes (usually in quantity) | synonyms=issuing, issuance | examples=a new issue of stamps; the last issue of penicillin was over a month ago
5. sense_key=issue%1:21:01:: | definition=supplies (as food or clothing or ammunition) issued by the government | synonyms=military issue, government issue
6. sense_key=issue%1:21:00:: | definition=the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property | synonyms=return, take, takings, proceeds, yield, payoff | examples=the average return was about 5%
7. sense_key=issue%1:19:00:: | definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | synonyms=consequence, effect, outcome, result, event, upshot | examples=the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise; his decision had depressing consequences for business
8. sense_key=issue%1:18:00:: | definition=the immediate descendants of a person | synonyms=offspring, progeny | examples=she was the mother of many offspring; he died without issue
9. sense_key=issue%1:11:00:: | definition=the becoming visible | synonyms=emergence, egress | examples=not a day's difference between the emergence of the andrenas and the opening of the willow catkins
10. sense_key=issue%1:06:00:: | definition=an opening that permits escape or release | synonyms=exit, outlet, way out | examples=he blocked the way out; the canyon had only one issue
11. sense_key=issue%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of issuing printed materials | synonyms=publication

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user is asking me to do word sense disambiguation for "issues" in the given context. Let me analyze the sentence.

The target surface form is "issues" in the sentence: "Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated <t>issues</t> such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users."

The participants debated "issues" such as the role of key actors. This means they discussed important questions/subjects.

Let me look at the candidate senses:
1. issue%1:09:01:: - an important question that is in dispute and must be settled. Examples: "the issue could be settled by requiring public education for everyone; politicians never discuss the real issues"
2. issue%1:10:00:: - one of a series published periodically (magazine issue)
3. issue%1:09:00:: - some situation or event that is thought about; synonyms: topic, subject, matter
4. issue%1:04:01:: - the act of providing an item for general use
5. issue%1:21:01:: - supplies issued by the government
6. issue%1:21:00:: - income or profit
7. issue%1:19:00:: - a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon
8. issue%1:18:00:: - immediate descendants
9. issue%1:11:00:: - the becoming visible
10. issue%1:06:00:: - an opening that permits escape or release
11. issue%1:04:00:: - the act of issuing printed materials

The relevant senses here are 1 and 3. The context says "debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners..." - this is about topics/subjects being discussed. The examples for sense 1: "the issue could be settled by requiring public education for everyone; politicians never discuss the real issues" - this is about political/social questions to be settled.

Sense 3 synonyms are topic, subject, matter. Examples: "he kept drifting off the topic; he had been thinking about the subject for several years"

In this context, "debated issues such as the role of key actors" - issues are being debated. Both sense 1 and sense 3 could fit. But I need to choose the best one.

WordNet's issue%1:09:00:: (sense 3 here) is the more general "topic, subject, matter" sense. Issue%1:09:01:: (sense 1 here) is "an important question that is in dispute and must be settled" - more specific and often used in political contexts.

Looking at the context: "main interest groups", "debated issues", "the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users." This sounds like a public policy/political discussion context where specific important questions were debated.

The phrase "critical challenge" earlier and "debated" suggests issues are matters in dispute.

However, the examples in sense 1 (politicians never discuss the real issues) fit very well with the context about public authorities, social partners, community organizations. This seems like the best fit.

Actually, looking at standard WordNet, "issue" n.1 is "an important question that is in dispute and must be settled" and n.2 is "one of a series of published..." and "matter" is usually sense 3. So sense 1 is the primary sense for "matters of public concern."

The sentence uses "issues" in the plural in a conference/debate setting about social and political actors. This is best fitted by sense 1.

Wait, but I should reconsider sense 3. "some situation or event that is thought about" - synonyms: topic, subject, matter. "Debated issues" could mean debated topics. The "such as" clause introduces examples of the topics debated.

In WordNet, "issue" as "topic/matter" is often grouped with "topic, subject, matter, issue" - a subject of conversation. And "an important question that is in dispute" is grouped with "issuing of a decision by the court."

Hmm, but these are both valid. Let me think about which is more likely. The context "critical challenge", "interest groups", "public authorities", "service planning" - these are public policy issues. This strongly fits "important question that is in dispute and must be settled" rather than the more neutral "topic."

So the answer should be 1.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: actor
Target surface form: actors
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key <t>actors</t> including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=actor%1:18:00:: | definition=a theatrical performer | synonyms=histrion, player, thespian, role player
2. sense_key=actor%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who acts and gets things done | synonyms=doer, worker | examples=he's a principal actor in this affair; when you want something done get a doer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need do WSD. Target lemma actor, surface actors. Context: conference, critical challenge, participants, main interest groups, role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations, service users. This is about people/organisations involved in an affair/action, not theatrical performers. Sense 1 theatrical performer; sense 2 a person who acts and gets things done. “Key actors” in societal/policy context means important participants/doers. So choose index 2. Return JSON only.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: authority
Target surface form: authorities
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public <t>authorities</t>, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=authority%1:07:00:: | definition=the power or right to give orders or make decisions | synonyms=authorization, authorisation, potency, dominance, say-so | examples=he has the authority to issue warrants; deputies are given authorization to make arrests
2. sense_key=authority%1:18:01:: | definition=(usually plural) persons who exercise (administrative) control over others | examples=the authorities have issued a curfew
3. sense_key=authority%1:18:00:: | definition=an expert whose views are taken as definitive | examples=he is an authority on corporate law
4. sense_key=authority%1:09:00:: | definition=freedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities | synonyms=assurance, self-assurance, confidence, self-confidence, sureness | examples=his assurance in his superiority did not make him popular; after that failure he lost his confidence
5. sense_key=authority%1:14:00:: | definition=an administrative unit of government | synonyms=agency, federal agency, government agency, bureau, office | examples=the Central Intelligence Agency; the Census Bureau
6. sense_key=authority%1:07:02:: | definition=official permission or approval | synonyms=authorization, authorisation, sanction | examples=authority for the program was renewed several times
7. sense_key=authority%1:10:00:: | definition=an authoritative written work | examples=this book is the final authority on the life of Milton

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user is asking for a fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation task. The target lemma is "authority" but the target surface form is "authorities" (plural). The context is about key actors including "public authorities" such as public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organizations as well as service users.

Candidate senses:
1. authority%1:07:00:: definition=the power or right to give orders or make decisions
2. authority%1:18:01:: definition=(usually plural) persons who exercise (administrative) control over others; examples=the authorities have issued a curfew
3. authority%1:18:00:: definition=an expert whose views are taken as definitive
4. authority%1:09:00:: definition=freedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities
5. authority%1:14:00:: definition=an administrative unit of government; synonyms=agency, federal agency, government agency, bureau, office
6. authority%1:07:02:: definition=official permission or approval
7. authority%1:10:00:: definition=an authoritative written work

The target is "public authorities" in a list of key actors/interest groups. It is plural. The meaning is persons/organizations in government that exercise administrative control. In WordNet, sense 1:18:01 explicitly notes "(usually plural) persons who exercise (administrative) control over others" and example "the authorities have issued a curfew". This fits. Sense 1:14:00 is "administrative unit of government" (singular agency/bureau). However "public authorities" is plural; in common usage "public authorities" means governmental bodies/officials. Sense 2 is the best. The instruction says do not answer with sense key, return only JSON {"sense_index": 2}. Index refers to candidate sense number? The candidate senses are numbered 1-7. So choose index 2. Need to ensure JSON exactly. No hedging. So output {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: social
Target surface form: social
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, <t>social</t> partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=social%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to human society and its members | synonyms=societal | examples=social institutions; societal evolution
2. sense_key=social%3:00:00:: | definition=living together or enjoying life in communities or organized groups | examples=a human being is a social animal; mature social behavior
3. sense_key=social%3:01:02:: | definition=relating to or belonging to or characteristic of high society | examples=made fun of her being so social and high-toned; a social gossip colum
4. sense_key=social%5:00:00:sociable:00 | definition=composed of sociable people or formed for the purpose of sociability | examples=a purely social club; the church has a large social hall
5. sense_key=social%5:00:00:gregarious:00 | definition=tending to move or live together in groups or colonies of the same kind | examples=ants are social insects
6. sense_key=social%5:00:00:friendly:01 | definition=marked by friendly companionship with others | examples=a social cup of coffee

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with JSON object only. Need determine best sense for "social" in context phrase "social partners". Context about conference, interest groups, public authorities, social partners, voluntary/community organisations, service users. "Social partners" is EU/international term meaning organizations representing workers and employers, i.e., relating to society, its members, societal groups. Candidate 1: relating to human society and its members (societal). This fits "social partners" = societal partners (key actors in society). Candidate 4: composed of sociable people or formed for purpose of sociability, e.g. social club, social hall, not here. Candidate 2: living together or enjoying life in communities or organized groups, human social animal; maybe. But "social partners" isn't about living together. Candidate 1 likely. Return index 1. Ensure JSON exact.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: voluntary
Target surface form: voluntary
Context:
The Foundation has recently been involved in organising a conference which dealt with this critical challenge. Over 100 participants from the main interest groups attended and debated issues such as the role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, <t>voluntary</t> and community organisations as well as service users. There were relatively few cases reported of attempts to involve users in service planning but their involvement in service provision was found to be more common.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=voluntary%3:00:01:: | definition=of your own free will or design; done by choice; not forced or compelled | examples=man is a voluntary agent; participation was voluntary
2. sense_key=voluntary%3:00:02:: | definition=controlled by individual volition | examples=voluntary motions; voluntary muscles

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with JSON object {"sense_index": N}. We are to choose best sense. Context: "role of key actors including public authorities, social partners, voluntary and community organisations as well as service users." The phrase "voluntary organisations" means organizations based on voluntary action/free will, non-compulsory, nonprofit. Candidate 1: voluntary = of your own free will or design; done by choice; not forced or compelled; examples participation was voluntary, voluntary agent. Candidate 2: controlled by individual volition; voluntary muscles/motions (physiological). Here it's describing organisations: voluntary organisations = organizations formed by voluntary action, not compulsory. Sense 1 fits. So answer sense_index: 1. Need only JSON. Ensure no extra text.