[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: benefit
Target surface form: benefits
Context:
The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local <t>benefits</t> but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=benefit%1:21:00:: | definition=financial assistance in time of need
2. sense_key=benefit%1:07:00:: | definition=something that aids or promotes well-being | synonyms=welfare | examples=for the benefit of all
3. sense_key=benefit%1:10:00:: | definition=a performance to raise money for a charitable cause

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need solve WSD. Target lemma benefit, surface benefits. Context political economy, Congressional reps local benefit-seeking, pork barrel, local benefits. Choose among sense_index 1 financial assistance in time of need; sense 2 something that aids or promotes well-being, synonyms welfare, examples for the benefit of all; sense 3 performance for charity. The context: local benefits as distributive particularized spending/pork barrel. Could be financial assistance? "benefits" in politics means government-funded projects, services, grants that benefit a constituency. They are tangible government goods. Sense 2 "something that aids or promotes well-being" broad includes benefits. Sense 1 "financial assistance in time of need" is too narrow (welfare/unemployment benefits). The phrase "local benefits", "confers benefits on population at large", "local benefit-seeking" definitely sense of something beneficial/advancing interests, not necessarily financial assistance. WordNet benefit%1:07:00:: covers "something that aids or promotes well-being" with example "for the benefit of all". This matches best. Index 2.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: prevent
Target surface form: prevent
Context:
The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to <t>prevent</t> other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=prevent%2:41:01:: | definition=keep from happening or arising; make impossible | synonyms=forestall, foreclose, preclude, forbid | examples=My sense of tact forbids an honest answer; Your role in the projects precludes your involvement in the competitive project
2. sense_key=prevent%2:41:00:: | definition=stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state | synonyms=keep | examples=We must prevent the cancer from spreading; His snoring kept me from falling asleep

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content: We need choose best sense for "prevent" in context. Sentence: legislator relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon" to their constituencies.  Meaning: stop someone from doing something. Candidate sense 1 "keep from happening or arising; make impossible" with synonyms forestall, foreclose, preclude, forbid. Candidate sense 2 "stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state". In WordNet, prevent has two senses: prevent.v.01: keep from happening or arising; make impossible; prevent.v.02: stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state. Which is used in "prevent other legislators from bringing home..."? It involves stopping persons from performing an action. This aligns with sense 2. However "preventing other legislators from bringing home the bacon" could also be keeping something from happening? But the object of prevent is "other legislators", and complement from bringing... schema 'prevent somebody from doing something' maps to sense 2. Sense 1 examples: forestall foreclose preclude forbid;  "Your role precludes your involvement". That sense often takes events/conditions as object or forbids actions? Actually "prevent the accident" (keep happening). Here "prevent other legislators from doing" uses person as direct object. Sense 2. Answer index 2.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Parasail

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: other
Target surface form: other
Context:
The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent <t>other</t> legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
2. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening
3. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=belonging to the distant past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with JSON object {"sense_index": ?}. Need choose best sense for "other" in context: "prevent other legislators from bringing home the bacon". It means not the same legislator (not their own selected Republican), different already mentioned. Sense 1: not the same one already mentioned or implied. Examples match: "other public works". So index 1. No hedging. Must not return sense key. Only JSON.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bring_home_the_bacon
Target surface form: bringing home the bacon
Context:
The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "<t>bringing home the bacon</t> "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bring_home_the_bacon%2:41:00:: | definition=attain success or reach a desired goal | synonyms=succeed, win, come through, deliver the goods | examples=The enterprise succeeded; We succeeded in getting tickets to the show
2. sense_key=bring_home_the_bacon%2:40:00:: | definition=supply means of subsistence; earn a living | synonyms=provide | examples=He provides for his large family by working three jobs; Women nowadays not only take care of the household but also bring home the bacon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need choose best sense for target idiom "bringing home the bacon" in context. Need only JSON object like {"sense_index": index}. Need no answer with sense key.

Let's analyze context. It discusses congressional representatives, local benefits, pork barrel, constituency service. If voters put a Republican into office, they acquire less local benefits; selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon" to their respective constituencies. Each legislator only one out of 535.

Candidate senses:
1. attain success/reach goal (succeed, win, come through). In this context, not about success but about bringing money/benefits to constituents.
2. supply means of subsistence, earn a living, provide. Example "Women nowadays not only take care of the household but also bring home the bacon" (earn money). In political context, "bring home the bacon" means secure federal funds/pork barrel for district.

Which sense maps? The definition "supply means of subsistence; earn a living" seems literal about earning income. But in politics, idiomatic meaning is "to secure benefits for one's constituents" which is like providing. But if we choose between WordNet senses, sense 2 definition is "supply means of subsistence; earn a living". Is the usage "prevent other legislators from bringing home the bacon to their respective constituencies" about legislators providing benefits to constituents. This aligns with "supply means of subsistence; earn a living" but for constituents, not themselves. However gloss says provide. Sense 1 is succeed/win. Here not succeed.

Let's examine examples of sense 2: He provides for his large family by working three jobs; Women nowadays not only take care of the household but also bring home the bacon. In context, legislators bring home bacon to constituencies (money/resources). This is closer to "provide" than "succeed". Actually there might be another sense not listed for "secure favorable legislation/funding". But WordNet only has these two? Let's verify from WordNet: "bring home the bacon" verb senses: (1) attain success or reach a desired goal; (synonyms: deliver the goods, succeed, win, come through). (2) supply means of subsistence; earn a living (provide). Political idiom "bring home the bacon" is deriving from sense 2? Maybe WordNet includes "provide" broadly. Many WSD datasets might classify this instance under sense 2. Let's evaluate.

Target surface form "bringing home the bacon". Syn: provide. Context: "prevent other legislators from bringing home the bacon to their respective constituencies". That is "providing" local benefits/pork. Definition 2 "supply means of subsistence; earn a living" is less precise; but it's the best between the two.

Sense 1 synonyms succeed, win, come through, deliver goods. The context says "powerless to prevent other legislators from bringing home the bacon to their respective constituencies." This isn't about those legislators succeeding/winning generally; it's about delivering benefits. So sense 2.

Need output JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 2}. Since index candidates 1 and 2. Use 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: come_to
Target surface form: comes
Context:
1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it <t>comes</t> to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=come_to%2:39:00:: | definition=cause to experience suddenly | synonyms=hit, strike | examples=Panic struck me; An interesting idea hit her
2. sense_key=come_to%2:42:03:: | definition=be relevant to | synonyms=refer, pertain, relate, concern, bear on, touch | examples=There were lots of questions referring to her talk; My remark pertained to your earlier comments
3. sense_key=come_to%2:41:00:: | definition=attain | synonyms=strike | examples=The horse finally struck a pace
4. sense_key=come_to%2:29:00:: | definition=return to consciousness | synonyms=revive, resuscitate | examples=The patient came to quickly; She revived after the doctor gave her an injection

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer as JSON. We need WSD for "comes" form of come_to. Context phrase: "Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making." This is idiom "when it comes to X" meaning with regard to, concerning, be relevant to. Candidate sense 2: definition be relevant to, synonyms refer, pertain, relate, concern, bear on, touch. Examples: There were lots of questions referring to her talk. Yes "when it comes to national policy making" = with respect to national policy making. So sense index 2. We should output exactly {"sense_index": 2}.

provider: Moonshot AI


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: national
Target surface form: national
Context:
1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to <t>national</t> policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=national%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country | examples=national hero; national anthem
2. sense_key=national%3:00:00:: | definition=limited to or in the interests of a particular nation | examples=national interests; isolationism is a strictly national policy
3. sense_key=national%3:00:01:: | definition=concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country | examples=the national government; national elections
4. sense_key=national%5:00:00:public:00 | definition=owned or maintained for the public by the national government | examples=national parks
5. sense_key=national%5:00:00:domestic:00 | definition=inside the country | synonyms=home, interior, internal | examples=the British Home Office has broader responsibilities than the United States Department of the Interior; the nation's internal politics
6. sense_key=national%3:01:02:: | definition=characteristic of or peculiar to the people of a nation | examples=a national trait
7. sense_key=national%3:01:01:: | definition=of or relating to nationality | examples=national origin

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need answer JSON. Need choose best sense for "national" in sentence: "Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to <t>national</t> policy making." Context discusses congressional representatives dealing with national issues vs local issues; programmatic actions imposing costs/benefits on population at large. "national policy making" means policy making at the national level, belonging to entire nation, not local. Candidate senses:
1. of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country (national hero, anthem)
2. limited to or in interests of particular nation (national interests, isolationism)
3. concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country (the national government, national elections)
4. owned/maintained for public by national government (national parks)
5. inside the country (home, internal)
6. characteristic peculiar to people of a nation
7. relating to nationality.
"national policy making" = policy making by/for the entire nation/country, as opposed to local. Sense 3 fits best. Sense 1 also "of or relating to ... nation or country" but examples are national hero/anthem. Sense 3 specifically "concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country; the national government; national elections". The context uses national vs local. So sense index 3. Need only JSON.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: policy
Target surface form: policy
Context:
1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national <t>policy</t> making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=policy%1:09:00:: | definition=a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group | examples=it was a policy of retribution; a politician keeps changing his policies
2. sense_key=policy%1:10:00:: | definition=a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government | examples=they debated the policy or impolicy of the proposed legislation
3. sense_key=policy%1:10:02:: | definition=written contract or certificate of insurance | synonyms=insurance policy, insurance | examples=you should have read the small print on your policy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need output JSON with sense_index. Need determine best sense for "policy" in context "national policy making". The passage about Congress, national policy making. Candidate senses:
1 policy%1:09:00:: a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group; examples retribution, politician changing policies.
2 policy%1:10:00:: a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government; example debating policy or impolicy of proposed legislation.
3 policy%1:10:02:: insurance policy.
Target surface "policy" in phrase "national policy making". National policy making in Congress. This aligns with governmental policy. Which sense? Sense 1 is a plan of action adopted by individual or social group. Sense 2 is line of argument rationalizing course of action of government. In common usage, "national policy" is a plan of action adopted by government (social group). But WordNet sense 1 individual or social group includes government? Sense 2 specifically government. Example "they debated the policy or impolicy of the proposed legislation" seems more about advisability/rationalization. The phrase "national policy making" likely refers to formulation of government policies/plans of action = sense 1. Need check subtlety: Sense 2 definition: a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government. That sounds like "arguments in favor of policy" (policy vs impolicy). Examples: "they debated the policy or impolicy of the proposed legislation" meaning wisdom/prudence. So sense 2 refers to the noun policy meaning "wisdom/prudence; advisability". Not the actual government decision as a plan. Thus sense 1 fits.
Need return JSON only. sense_index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: making
Target surface form: making
Context:
1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy <t>making</t>. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=making%1:04:00:: | definition=the act that results in something coming to be | synonyms=devising, fashioning | examples=the devising of plans; the fashioning of pots and pans
2. sense_key=making%1:07:00:: | definition=an attribute that must be met or complied with and that fits a person for something | synonyms=qualification | examples=her qualifications for the job are excellent; one of the qualifications for admission is an academic degree
3. sense_key=making%1:06:00:: | definition=(usually plural) the components needed for making or doing something | examples=the recipe listed all the makings for a chocolate cake

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need choose best sense for target lemma making, surface making. Context: "Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making." The phrase policy making = the act of making policy. Candidate sense 1 definition=the act that results in something coming to be; synonyms devising, fashioning; examples the devising of plans; the fashioning of pots and pans. So national policy making = act that results in national policy coming to be. Fits. Sense 2 qualification (her qualifications) not relevant. Sense 3 components needed for making/doing something, plural makings, not in this usage. So answer index 1. Return JSON.

provider: Ambient


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: race
Target surface form: races
Context:
2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In <t>races</t> for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=race%1:11:01:: | definition=any competition | examples=the race for the presidency
2. sense_key=race%1:11:00:: | definition=a contest of speed | examples=the race is to the swift
3. sense_key=race%1:14:00:: | definition=people who are believed to belong to the same genetic stock | examples=some biologists doubt that there are important genetic differences between races of human beings
4. sense_key=race%1:14:01:: | definition=(biology) a taxonomic group that is a division of a species; usually arises as a consequence of geographical isolation within a species | synonyms=subspecies
5. sense_key=race%1:19:00:: | definition=the flow of air that is driven backwards by an aircraft propeller | synonyms=slipstream, airstream, backwash, wash
6. sense_key=race%1:06:00:: | definition=a canal for a current of water | synonyms=raceway

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need do WSD for lemma race surface races in context. Need choose best indexed sense among candidate senses. Analyze.

Context: "voters in races for Congress face..." and "In races for the White House, a voter's incentive...". These are political electoral races/competition for office. Candidate senses:
1 race%1:11:01:: definition any competition; examples the race for the presidency.
2 race%1:11:00:: contest of speed.
3 group genetic stock.
4 taxonomic group division.
5 slipstream.
6 water canal.

Clearly sense 1 fits: any competition, race for Congress, race for White House. So answer JSON {"sense_index": 1}. Need ensure only JSON.

provider: AkashML


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: incentive
Target surface form: incentive
Context:
2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's <t>incentive</t>, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=incentive%1:16:00:: | definition=a positive motivational influence | synonyms=inducement, motivator
2. sense_key=incentive%1:21:00:: | definition=an additional payment (or other remuneration) to employees as a means of increasing output | synonyms=bonus

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need answer only JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}. Need choose best sense for "incentive" in context.

Target surface form incentive in sentence: "In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican." Need sense: positive motivational influence (sense 1) vs additional payment/remuneration (sense 2). Context: political economy, voter has incentive to lean Republican; motivation/reason. So sense 1. Must output JSON with sense_index 1. Ensure exact format.

provider: Venice


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: lean
Target surface form: lean
Context:
2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to <t>lean</t> Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=lean%2:38:00:: | definition=to incline or bend from a vertical position | synonyms=tilt, tip, slant, angle | examples=She leaned over the banister
2. sense_key=lean%2:35:00:: | definition=cause to lean or incline | examples=He leaned his rifle against the wall
3. sense_key=lean%2:42:01:: | definition=have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined | synonyms=tend, be given, incline, run | examples=She tends to be nervous before her lectures; These dresses run small
4. sense_key=lean%2:31:10:: | definition=rely on for support | examples=We can lean on this man
5. sense_key=lean%2:38:07:: | definition=cause to lean to the side | synonyms=list | examples=Erosion listed the old tree

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need choose single best WordNet sense for target "lean" in context. Context: political science text. Specifically sentence: "voters in races for Congress face...incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic." and later "In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to <t>lean</t> Republican."

These uses = "tend toward, be disposed, incline toward a political party/choice". Need match candidate senses:

1 lean%2:38:00:: physical incline/bend vertical position. Not applicable.
2 lean%2:35:00:: cause to lean/incline (transitive physical). Not.
3 lean%2:42:01:: have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined. Synonyms tend, be given, incline, run. Examples she tends to be nervous. This matches: to lean Republican = to tend/incline toward Republican.
4 lean%2:31:10:: rely on for support. Not.
5 lean%2:38:07:: cause to lean to the side (list ship tree). Not.
So answer sense_index 3.

Return JSON only exactly {"sense_index": 3}.

provider: Together


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: president
Target surface form: president
Context:
3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP <t>president</t> may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=president%1:18:01:: | definition=an executive officer of a firm or corporation
2. sense_key=president%1:18:04:: | definition=the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government | synonyms=President of the United States, United States President, Chief Executive | examples=the President likes to jog every morning
3. sense_key=president%1:18:00:: | definition=the chief executive of a republic
4. sense_key=president%1:18:03:: | definition=the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization | synonyms=chairman, chairwoman, chair, chairperson | examples=address your remarks to the chairperson
5. sense_key=president%1:18:02:: | definition=the head administrative officer of a college or university | synonyms=prexy
6. sense_key=president%1:04:04:: | definition=the office of the United States head of state | synonyms=President of the United States, Chief Executive | examples=a President is elected every four years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "president" in the given context. Let me analyze the context carefully.

The context discusses:
- Races for the White House
- A GOP president
- Limiting local benefits to voter's district/state
- Preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home local benefits
- Lower taxes

Key phrase: "In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits..."

Candidate senses:
1. executive officer of a firm or corporation
2. the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government
3. the chief executive of a republic
4. officer who presides at meetings of an organization
5. head administrative officer of a college or university
6. the office of the United States head of state (this is the office, not the person)

Wait, sense 6 is "the office of the United States head of state" - this is a noun denoting the office/position, not the person. The target "president" in "a GOP president" refers to a person, not the office itself.

Between sense 2 and sense 3:
- Sense 2: the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government (specifically US)
- Sense 3: the chief executive of a republic (general)

The context specifically mentions "the White House," "GOP" (Republican Party), "United States" implicitly. This is clearly referring to the President of the United States.

The surface form is "president" lowercase, but it's referring to the US President. The examples for sense 2 include "the President likes to jog every morning" - referring to the person.

Sense 3 is more general - chief executive of a republic. But given the specific US context (White House, GOP, Congress), sense 2 is the best fit.

Sense 6 is about the office itself: "the office of the United States head of state." The example "a President is elected every four years" refers to the office. But in our context, "a GOP president" is a person who may limit benefits and be effective at preventing things - this is a person, not an office.

Therefore, the best sense is sense 2.

The instructions say to return only a JSON object like {"sense_index": 3}. So I should return {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: limit
Target surface form: limit
Context:
3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may <t>limit</t> local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=limit%2:30:01:: | definition=place limits on (extent or access) | synonyms=restrict, restrain, trammel, bound, confine, throttle | examples=restrict the use of this parking lot; limit the time you can spend with your friends
2. sense_key=limit%2:30:00:: | definition=restrict or confine, | synonyms=circumscribe, confine | examples=I limit you to two visits to the pub a day
3. sense_key=limit%2:32:00:: | definition=decide upon or fix definitely | synonyms=specify, set, determine, define, fix | examples=fix the variables; specify the parameters

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
 ```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
 ```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform word sense disambiguation for the word "limit" in the given context. Let me analyze carefully.

Target word: "limit" (verb, based on sense keys with %2)
Context: "Although a GOP president may <t>limit</t> local benefits to the voter's particular district/state..."

Candidate senses:
1. limit%2:30:01:: - place limits on (extent or access); synonyms: restrict, restrain, trammel, bound, confine, throttle
2. limit%2:30:00:: - restrict or confine; synonyms: circumscribe, confine
3. limit%2:32:00:: - decide upon or fix definitely; synonyms: specify, set, determine, define, fix

The sentence is about a GOP president limiting local benefits. This means placing restrictions on the extent or amount of local benefits. The president would restrict/limit the local benefits given to the voter's particular district/state.

Sense 1: "place limits on (extent or access)" - this fits well. The president places limits on the extent of local benefits.
Sense 2: "restrict or confine" - this is similar but more about confining within boundaries.
Sense 3: "decide upon or fix definitely" - doesn't fit; the president isn't deciding/fixin the parameters of local benefits in the sense of specifying them.

The key distinction between sense 1 and sense 2:
- Sense 1 (limit%2:30:01::) is more about placing limits on extent or access
- Sense 2 (limit%2:30:00::) is more about restricting/confining within limits

In the context, "limit local benefits" means to reduce/place limits on the amount/extent of local benefits. This aligns with sense 1 "place limits on (extent or access)". The examples for sense 1: "restrict the use of this parking lot; limit the time you can spend with your friends" - these involve limiting extent/amount.

Sense 2 examples: "I limit you to two visits to the pub a day" - this involves confining to a specific number, often with "to" construction.

Here we have "limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state" - but the "to" here is about the beneficiary/object, not the restriction boundary. Actually, let me re-read: "limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state" - this means the local benefits that go to the voter's particular district/state are limited. The structure is "limit [something] to [recipient]" where "local benefits" is what's being limited. Wait, actually it could be parsed as "limit [local benefits to the voter's particular district/state]" where the entire phrase "local benefits to the voter's particular district/state" is the object.

Actually, looking more carefully: "a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state" - this means the president may limit the local benefits that flow to the voter's district/state. Not "limit local benefits to X amount."

So the meaning is placing limits on the extent/amount of local benefits. This is clearly sense 1.

The answer should be in JSON format: {"sense_index": 1}

Wait, I need to make sure about the sense numbering. The candidate senses are listed as 1, 2, 3. I should return the index 1, 2, or 3. Not the WordNet sense key.

Let me double-check by considering WordNet's actual organization:
- limit%2:30:01:: - this is "restrict, restrain, trammel, limit, bound, confine, throttle" - to place limits on (extent or amount)
- limit%2:30:00:: - this is "circumscribe, confine, limit" - to restrict or confine
- limit%2:32:00:: - this is "specify, set, determine, define, fix, limit" - to decide upon or fix definitely

In WSD tasks, the first sense (01) is often the most frequent sense and general "place limits on" meaning. The context here clearly fits sense 1.

Answer: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: local
Target surface form: local
Context:
3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit <t>local</t> benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=local%3:00:01:: | definition=relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area | examples=local taxes; local authorities
2. sense_key=local%3:01:01:: | definition=of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood | examples=local customs; local schools
3. sense_key=local%3:00:02:: | definition=affecting only a restricted part or area of the body | examples=local anesthesia

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need answer only JSON. Need choose best sense for local in context. Target sentence: "Although a GOP president may limit <t>local</t> benefits to the voter's particular district/state..." Here local benefits means benefits for a particular district/state, as opposed to national. Candidate senses: 1 relating to administration of city/town/district rather than larger area. 2 of or belonging to characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood. 3 medical local. Context about local benefits to voter's district/state, local benefit-seeking, bringing home bacon. The phrase "local benefits" in political science means benefits targeted to a legislator's district/state/locality. Which WordNet sense best? Compare sense 1 (administration of a city/town/district rather than larger area) and sense 2 (particular locality or neighborhood). "Local customs; local schools" sense 2. "Local taxes; local authorities" sense 1. "local benefits" likely sense 1? Let's inspect WordNet local senses. There are adjective senses: local%3:00:01::: relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area; examples local taxes; local authorities. local%3:01:01::: of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood; examples local customs; local schools. local%3:00:02:: affecting only a restricted part or area of the body. In context, "local benefits" as "benefits for the local area/district". That could fit sense 1 because it is relating to a district rather than larger area. Sense 2 also "of or belonging to a particular locality". "Local benefits" = benefits belonging to a particular locality. Which is best? Let's consider local benefit-seeking earlier phrase "local benefit-seeking". The text is political economy, comparing local vs national benefits. WordNet sense 1 specifically is about administration/city/town/district rather than larger area. "local benefits to the voter's particular district/state" aligns with district rather than larger area. But sense 1 definition says "relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area". "Local benefits" aren't administration but are applicable to/concerned with a district. sense 2 definition "of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood". Local benefits are benefits belonging to a locality. Hmm.

Let's look at examples: sense1: local taxes; local authorities. These are related to local government/admin. sense2: local customs; local schools. These are local in nature of a particular locality. "local benefits" could be like local schools? Maybe more sense 2 because benefits for local area/constituency (particular locality). But political context "local benefits" are often called "pork barrel" federal spending targeted to a particular district/state; "local" in the sense of not national. WordNet has no sense "confined to a particular area". sense1 is close: "relating to ... district rather than a larger area". The phrase "district/state" maps to city/town/district. So likely sense 1.

Need return only JSON.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: benefit
Target surface form: benefits
Context:
3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local <t>benefits</t> to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=benefit%1:21:00:: | definition=financial assistance in time of need
2. sense_key=benefit%1:07:00:: | definition=something that aids or promotes well-being | synonyms=welfare | examples=for the benefit of all
3. sense_key=benefit%1:10:00:: | definition=a performance to raise money for a charitable cause

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need choose best sense for target surface benefits. Context: political economy, local benefits, bringing home bacon, lower taxes, financial transfers/advancements to constituency. Candidate senses: 1 financial assistance in time of need; 2 something that aids or promotes well-being (synonyms=welfare; examples for the benefit of all); 3 charitable performance.

We need choose single best indexed sense. "benefits" in context "local benefits" includes federal spending/projects/aid to district. This is not financial assistance in time of need (1), which is like unemployment insurance/welfare benefits. "Local benefits" here refers to government grants/pork-barrel/allocations that promote well-being of constituency. It aligns with something that aids/promotes well-being, for the benefit of all (public benefit). However the sense 2 definition with examples and synonyms (welfare) captures public welfare/good. Political science phrase "local benefits" often refers to pork-barrel benefits to locality. Could sense 1 cover "government benefits" as financial assistance? The context specifically "less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking", "acquire less in terms of local benefits", "bringing home the bacon". These are not monetary transfers to individuals necessarily; they are local public goods/federal largesse benefitting district. The phrase "local benefits" in a district/state context could mean local public benefits, not necessarily public assistance to individuals in need. The sense 1 "financial assistance in time of need" is more social welfare/unemployment. The "benefit-seeking" term here refers to distributive politics where legislators try to secure projects/funds for constituency. Therefore sense 2. Need avoid hedging. Output only JSON {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: particular
Target surface form: particular
Context:
3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's <t>particular</t> district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=particular%5:00:00:specific:00 | definition=unique or specific to a person or thing or category | synonyms=peculiar, special | examples=the particular demands of the job; has a particular preference for Chinese art
2. sense_key=particular%5:00:02:specific:00 | definition=separate and distinct from others of the same group or category | examples=interested in one particular artist; a man who wishes to make a particular woman fall in love with him
3. sense_key=particular%5:00:00:uncommon:00 | definition=surpassing what is common or usual or expected | synonyms=especial, exceptional, special | examples=he paid especial attention to her; exceptional kindness
4. sense_key=particular%5:00:00:primary:00 | definition=first and most important | synonyms=special | examples=his special interest is music; she gets special (or particular) satisfaction from her volunteer work
5. sense_key=particular%5:00:00:fastidious:00 | definition=exacting especially about details | synonyms=finical, finicky, fussy, picky | examples=a finicky eater; fussy about clothes
6. sense_key=particular%5:00:00:careful:00 | definition=providing specific details or circumstances | examples=a particular description of the room

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need answer only JSON with sense_index. We need disambiguate target "particular" in context: "Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president..." It means the voter's specific district/state, separate and distinct from others. Candidate senses:
1 unique or specific to a person or thing or category (specific in general)
2 separate and distinct from others of the same group/category (e.g., one particular artist)
3 uncommon/exceptional
4 first and most important
5 fastidious
6 providing specific details/circumstances
Context: "voter's particular district/state" - one specific voter's district/state, separate/detailed? Could be sense 1 (specific to that voter's district/state) or sense 2 (a specific one among the group of districts/states). Let's examine examples:
Sense 1 example: "the particular demands of the job" (specific to the job), "has a particular preference for Chinese art" (peculiar/special to the person). Definition unique or specific to a person/thing/category. In phrase "the voter's particular district/state" implies the district/state belonging to that particular voter, unique/specific to them. Sense 2 examples: interested in one particular artist; a man who wishes to make a particular woman fall in love with him. That is singled out/distinct from others (an indefinite token). Here it says "the voter's particular district/state" with possessive, likely sense 1: specific/unique district/state of the voter. It is "specific to a person or thing or category". Could be sense 6? "providing specific details or circumstances" - no, that's a particular description. Not.
Let's analyze more: In WordNet, particular%5:00:00:specific:00 vs particular%5:00:02:specific:00. The second is "separate and distinct from others of the same group or category." Example "one particular artist". Is the usage "the voter's particular district/state" saying that voter's specific district/state, distinct from others? Both possible. But because it is possessive "voter's particular district/state" (belonging to that voter) aligns with sense 1: unique or specific to a person or thing or category. The phrase "his particular district" means the district particular to him, specific to him. Sense 2 would be "one particular district" (one among all). The grammar includes "the voter's" specifying relationship. So sense 1 best.
Return JSON {"sense_index": 1}. Ensure only JSON.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: president
Target surface form: president
Context:
3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a <t>president</t> is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=president%1:18:01:: | definition=an executive officer of a firm or corporation
2. sense_key=president%1:18:04:: | definition=the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government | synonyms=President of the United States, United States President, Chief Executive | examples=the President likes to jog every morning
3. sense_key=president%1:18:00:: | definition=the chief executive of a republic
4. sense_key=president%1:18:03:: | definition=the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization | synonyms=chairman, chairwoman, chair, chairperson | examples=address your remarks to the chairperson
5. sense_key=president%1:18:02:: | definition=the head administrative officer of a college or university | synonyms=prexy
6. sense_key=president%1:04:04:: | definition=the office of the United States head of state | synonyms=President of the United States, Chief Executive | examples=a President is elected every four years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform word sense disambiguation for the word "president" in the given context. The target surface form is "president" and the context is about U.S. politics, specifically races for the White House, GOP president, Democratic members of Congress, etc.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - "In races for the White House" - White House refers to the U.S. presidency
 - "a GOP president" - GOP is the Republican Party in the U.S.
 - "limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state"
 - "preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits"
 - "lower taxes"

 This is clearly referring to the President of the United States, the head of state of the U.S. government.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:
 1. president%1:18:01:: = an executive officer of a firm or corporation (corporate president)
 2. president%1:18:04:: = the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government | synonyms=President of the United States, United States President, Chief Executive | examples=the President likes to jog every morning
 3. president%1:18:00:: = the chief executive of a republic (generic president of a republic)
 4. president%1:18:03:: = the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization (chairman)
 5. president%1:18:02:: = the head administrative officer of a college or university
 6. president%1:04:04:: = the office of the United States head of state (the office itself, not the person)

 The context mentions "a GOP president" and "races for the White House". This refers to the person who would hold the office.

 Sense 2 is "the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government" - this is the person.
 Sense 6 is "the office of the United States head of state" - this is the office/position itself.

 In the sentence: "Although a GOP president may limit local benefits..." - this refers to a person (a GOP president as a person holding office), not the office itself.

 Also, sense 2 has "President of the United States, United States President, Chief Executive" as synonyms and the example "the President likes to jog every morning" which clearly refers to a person.

 However, I need to be careful. "president" in "GOP president" could be ambiguous between sense 2 (U.S. President specifically) and sense 3 (chief executive of a republic). Given the context of "White House", "GOP" (Republican Party), "district/state", and "Congress", it is specifically the U.S. President.

 The surface form is "president" (lowercase), not "President" (capitalized), but WordNet sense 2 is specifically about the U.S. head of state, and the gloss would apply to both "president" and "President" when referring to the U.S. office.

 Wait, let me think again about sense 2 vs sense 6. In the sentence "a GOP president", it's referring to a hypothetical person who would be elected. Sense 2 is the person, sense 6 is the office. The grammatical role here is of a person (agent who "may limit" and "is likely to be more effective"), so sense 2 is correct.

 The answer should be JSON: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: likely
Target surface form: likely
Context:
3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also <t>likely</t> to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=likely%3:00:00:: | definition=has a good chance of being the case or of coming about | examples=these services are likely to be available to us all before long; she is likely to forget
2. sense_key=likely%3:00:04:: | definition=likely but not certain to be or become true or real | synonyms=probable | examples=a likely result; he foresaw a probable loss
3. sense_key=likely%5:00:00:prospective:00 | definition=expected to become or be; in prospect | synonyms=potential | examples=potential clients
4. sense_key=likely%5:00:00:credible:00 | definition=within the realm of credibility | examples=not a very likely excuse

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "likely" in a given context. I need to choose the single best indexed sense from the 4 candidates provided. I must return only a JSON object like {"sense_index": 3}.

Let me analyze the context:

The passage discusses voter behavior in elections. The specific sentence: "Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits."

The word "likely" here is used to modify a probability/expectation about a future state: a GOP president is likely to be more effective.

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. likely%3:00:00:: | has a good chance of being the case or of coming about | examples: these services are likely to be available to us all before long; she is likely to forget

This sense seems to fit well with the construction "is likely to be" - exactly the structure in the sentence. The example "these services are likely to be available to us all before long" is parallel.

2. likely%3:00:04:: | likely but not certain to be or become true or real | synonyms=probable | examples=a likely result; he foresaw a probable loss

This is more adjectival - describing a noun directly like "a likely result." In our sentence, "likely" is used as a predicate adjective with "to be," which is closer to sense 1.

3. likely%5:00:00:prospective:00 | expected to become or be; in prospect | synonyms=potential | examples=potential clients

This would be used like "a likely candidate" meaning someone expected to become something. Not fitting here.

4. likely%5:00:00:credible:00 | within the realm of credibility | examples=not a very likely excuse

This is about credibility of an excuse or story. Not fitting.

The construction "X is likely to be Y" with the meaning "has a good chance of being the case" matches sense 1 perfectly. The example "these services are likely to be available to us all before long" is directly parallel.

So the answer should be sense_index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: effective
Target surface form: effective
Context:
3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more <t>effective</t> at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=effective%3:00:00:: | definition=producing or capable of producing an intended result or having a striking effect; -LewisMumford | synonyms=effectual, efficacious | examples=an air-cooled motor was more effective than a witch's broomstick for rapid long-distance transportation; effective teaching methods
2. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:competent:00 | definition=able to accomplish a purpose; functioning effectively; -G.B.Shaw | synonyms=efficient | examples=people who will do nothing unless they get something out of it for themselves are often highly effective persons...; effective personnel
3. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:efficacious:00 | definition=works well as a means or remedy | examples=an effective reprimand; a lotion that is effective in cases of prickly heat
4. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:operative:00 | definition=exerting force or influence | synonyms=good, in effect, in force | examples=the law is effective immediately; a warranty good for two years
5. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:actual:00 | definition=existing in fact; not theoretical; real | examples=a decline in the effective demand; confused increased equipment and expenditure with the quantity of effective work done
6. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:operational:00 | definition=ready for service | examples=the fort was held by about 100 effective soldiers

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need answer with JSON. Target lemma effective, surface effective. Context: political science article. Sentence: "Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits." Meaning: more capable of producing intended result/impact; or able to accomplish purpose. Which sense is best? Candidate senses:
1 effective: producing or capable of producing an intended result or having a striking effect; examples air-cooled motor, teaching methods.
2 effective=competent: able to accomplish a purpose; functioning effectively; examples effective personnel.
3 effective=efficacious: works well as a means or remedy.
4 operative: exerting force or influence.
5 actual.
6 operational ready for service.

In context "more effective at preventing other districts..." Means capable of producing result/having effect. Could be sense 1 (producing intended result). Also sense 2 (competent). WordNet distinctions: effective%3:00:00:: is adjective base sense; effective%5:00:00:competent:00 is satellite. The difference: sense 2 specifically "able to accomplish a purpose; functioning effectively" with synonyms efficient. It often refers to people/employees/personnel (competent). Example: "people who will do nothing unless they get something out of it... are often highly effective persons". The GOP president effective at preventing... Could map to sense 1 (having a striking effect). Let's examine.

Original English "more effective at preventing..." Common collocation: effective at + gerund means capable of producing a result. WordNet example "an air-cooled motor was more effective than a witch's broomstick for rapid long-distance transportation" uses effective for [noun/instrument]. "Effective teaching methods" effective method. For a person "more effective at preventing" might be either "competent" (sense2) or "producing intended result" (sense1).

Sense1 synonyms: effectual, efficacious. Definition producing or capable of producing an intended result or having a striking effect. Sense2 synonyms: efficient. Definition able to accomplish a purpose; functioning effectively. The context compares GOP president ability to prevent benefits; it's about producing a desired outcome via political leverage, not necessarily efficient. Sense1 is broader. But is the president a "person"? Sense2 examples: "effective personnel", "highly effective persons". But "more effective at preventing" usually means he achieves the result; could be sense 1.

Need choose single best. Let's analyze WordNet structure. "effective" adjective 3:00:00 is 's satellite clustering: There is adjective core: producing/capable... satellites include competent, efficacious, operative, actual, operational. "competent" satellite usually is "able to accomplish a purpose; functioning effectively". Gloss tags: effective%5:00:00:competent:00. The phrase "such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing..." Is it saying president is more competent? It says more effective (productive). The president is animate; sense2 may apply. But sense1 can also apply to animate. Example "effective teaching methods" is not animate. The sense1 examples: "an air-cooled motor" (machine), "effective teaching methods". Sense2 examples: people, personnel. The target is a president (person) effective at preventing something, so the "competent" satellite might be slightly more apt. However sense1 also includes high-level adjective; WordNet base adjective often covers general "producing intended result". The annotations in WSD may assign person to satellite 2 (competent). Let's consider.

The sentence: "GOP president ... more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home ... benefits." This is about having leverage, i.e., producing an outcome. "Effective" as "capable of producing an intended result"—synonyms effectual, efficacious. sense3 efficacious "works well as a means or remedy" but target is person not remedy. sense4 operative exerting force/influence—could also apply to law? But president is in office, not law. "More effective at preventing" no. sense2: able to accomplish purpose/competent. Hmm.

Need return JSON only exactly {"sense_index": index}. Should we use 1-indexed based on order of candidate senses listed. Yes likely "sense_index": 1 or 2. The final answer should be JSON only.

Let's reason robustly: In WordNet, adjective "effective" satellite under competent defined "able to accomplish a purpose; functioning effectively" could be paraphrase "more effective at solving problem". It describes people/organizations. But target is president, person. The context stresses "a voter's incentive to lean Republican" because GOP president can block others; so the president is competent in preventing local benefits. In evaluation datasets, "effective" near "at" + gerund often mapped to "effective" adjective sense 1 (producing intended result). Let's search memory: WordNet sense for "effective" in phrase "effective at reducing" maybe annotated as sense 1? Not sure.

Let's compare examples:
- Sense 1: "an air-cooled motor was more effective than ... for rapid long-distance transportation" This parallels "president ... more effective at preventing ..." a person has effect, motor has effect.
- Sense 2: "people who ... are often highly effective persons" "effective personnel". Gloss "functioning effectively".
If asked "is more effective at preventing", if we substitute synonyms:
- sense1 producing intended result: "more effectual at preventing"; "more efficacious at preventing" – yes.
- sense2 efficient/competent: "more efficient at preventing" – yes.
Which is closer? The context about congressional representatives powerless to prevent pork; a GOP president likely more effective at preventing, i.e., more able to produce the intended result of stopping benefits. It could be competence. But maybe sense2 specifically "able to accomplish a purpose" = competent; so highly apt.

But note sense 2 is a satellite of competent; its definition includes "functioning effectively" where "effective" used in definition. It likely describes someone who does things well. In this context it's not merely being competent; it's producing result.

For accurate WSD, sometimes the differentiated satellite for "competent" is more for effective (as an employee, effective). For a president with capacity to achieve result, sense 1. Let's check WordNet hierarchy: effective%3:00:00:: (the head adjective) has direct antonym ineffective. Satellites:
- effective%5:00:00:competent:00 "able to accomplish a purpose; functioning effectively" (pertainym? similar to competent). This is essentially same meaning "effective" as competent.
- effective%5:00:00:efficacious:00 "works well as a means or remedy".
- effective%5:00:00:operative:00 "exerting force or influence".
- effective%5:00:00:actual:00 "existing in fact".
- effective%5:00:00:operational:00 "ready for service".

The differentiation between senses 1 and 2 is subtle. Polysemy: "effective" as a general adjective vs. as a satellite of "competent". Satellite 2 is synonymous with "competent"; the example "effective personnel" suggests employees' competence. But the president being compared to Democratic members of Congress not having power; it's about ability to stop benefits. Actually they say GOP president likely more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home benefits. That's similar to "able to accomplish a purpose" = blocking. However sense1 is also "producing or capable of producing an intended result". It seems all blocking is intended result.

Maybe we can look for clues: "such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing" is generic. In common dictionary, "effective" = successful in producing desired result; sense1 exactly. No competency. Since sense2 nuance specifically "efficient". There is no implication of efficiency.

Thus I'd choose sense 1.

Need answer JSON only: {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: prevent
Target surface form: preventing
Context:
3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at <t>preventing</t> other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=prevent%2:41:01:: | definition=keep from happening or arising; make impossible | synonyms=forestall, foreclose, preclude, forbid | examples=My sense of tact forbids an honest answer; Your role in the projects precludes your involvement in the competitive project
2. sense_key=prevent%2:41:00:: | definition=stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state | synonyms=keep | examples=We must prevent the cancer from spreading; His snoring kept me from falling asleep

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need choose the sense for "preventing" in context. Need perform WSD. Target lemma is "prevent", surface "preventing". Context: "such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits." So prevent X from doing something. Candidate sense 2: stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state; synonyms=keep; examples: prevent cancer from spreading, kept me from falling asleep. Candidate sense 1: keep from happening or arising; make impossible; synonyms forestall, foreclose, preclude, forbid; examples: My sense of tact forbids an honest answer; precludes involvement.
Does this context mean stop someone from doing something (sense 2) or keep an event from happening (sense 1)? The object is "other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits". The president prevents the legislators' action. That is stopping someone from doing something, i.e., sense 2. It is "prevent X from doing Y" construction, which directly matches sense 2. Sense 1 often is "prevent something (from happening)" where that something is an event, not a person's action. Also examples: prevent cancer from spreading = stop cancer from doing/being? Actually cancer is something, sense 2. The construction "prevent ... from" with person/agent is clearly sense 2. So answer: {"sense_index": 2}. Need ensure only JSON, no explanation.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: other
Target surface form: other
Context:
3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress. If these assumptions hold, voters in races for Congress face what in economic theory is called a prisoner's dilemma and have an incentive, at the margin, to lean Democratic. If they put a Republican into office, not only will they acquire less in terms of local benefits but their selected legislator will be relatively powerless to prevent other legislators from "bringing home the bacon "to their respective constituencies. Each legislator, after all, is only one out of 535 when it comes to national policy making. In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing <t>other</t> districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
2. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening
3. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=belonging to the distant past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "other" appears in the phrase "preventing other districts/states and their legislators". Here, "other" is being used to refer to districts or states that are not the voter's own district/state—not the same ones already mentioned (the voter's particular district/state).

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied" - this fits perfectly. "Other districts/states" means districts/states different from the voter's own.
2. "recently past" - doesn't fit.
3. "belonging to the distant past" - doesn't fit.
4. "very unusual; strange" - doesn't fit.

The answer is sense 1.