[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: involved
Target surface form: involved
Context:
Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are <t>involved</t> in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=involved%3:00:00:: | definition=connected by participation or association or use | examples=we accomplished nothing, simply because of the large number of people involved; the problems involved
2. sense_key=involved%5:00:00:encumbered:00 | definition=entangled or hindered as if e.g. in mire | synonyms=mired | examples=the difficulties in which the question is involved; brilliant leadership mired in details and confusion
3. sense_key=involved%5:00:00:attached:01 | definition=emotionally involved
4. sense_key=involved%5:00:00:complex:00 | definition=highly complex or intricate and occasionally devious; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; - Sir Walter Scott | synonyms=Byzantine, convoluted, knotty, tangled, tortuous | examples=the Byzantine tax structure; Byzantine methods for holding on to his chairmanship
5. sense_key=involved%5:00:00:enclosed:00 | definition=enveloped | examples=a castle involved in mist; the difficulties in which the question is involved

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need choose single best indexed sense for target "involved" in context. Context: enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides. This is participation/association: enzymes involved in a process. Sense 1: connected by participation or association or use. Examples "people involved", "problems involved". That fits. Other senses: encumbered/hindered, emotionally involved, complex, enveloped. Not fit. So answer JSON {"sense_index":1}. Ensure only JSON.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: produce
Target surface form: producing
Context:
Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in <t>producing</t> nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=produce%2:36:02:: | definition=bring forth or yield | synonyms=bring forth | examples=The tree would not produce fruit
2. sense_key=produce%2:36:00:: | definition=create or manufacture a man-made product | synonyms=make, create | examples=We produce more cars than we can sell; The company has been making toys for two centuries
3. sense_key=produce%2:36:03:: | definition=cause to happen, occur or exist | synonyms=bring about, give rise | examples=This procedure produces a curious effect; The new law gave rise to many complaints
4. sense_key=produce%2:39:01:: | definition=bring out for display | synonyms=bring forth | examples=The proud father produced many pictures of his baby; The accused brought forth a letter in court that he claims exonerates him
5. sense_key=produce%2:36:05:: | definition=cultivate by growing, often involving improvements by means of agricultural techniques | synonyms=grow, raise, farm | examples=The Bordeaux region produces great red wines; They produce good ham in Parma
6. sense_key=produce%2:39:00:: | definition=bring onto the market or release | synonyms=bring on, bring out | examples=produce a movie; bring out a book
7. sense_key=produce%2:29:00:: | definition=come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes) | synonyms=grow, develop, get, acquire | examples=He grew a beard; The patient developed abdominal pains

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
 We need choose best sense for "producing" in sentence: "blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells)." We need among candidate senses.

Candidate 1 bring forth or yield, like produce fruit. Candidate 2 create or manufacture a man-made product. Candidate 3 cause to happen, occur or exist. Candidate 4 bring out for display. 5 cultivate by growing. 6 bring onto market. 7 come to have.

In biological context, enzymes produce nucleotides: synthesize/create building blocks. Nucleotides are molecules, not man-made. Sense 1 "bring forth or yield" can apply natural products; sense 3 "cause to happen, occur or exist" maybe. But the process is biosynthesis, create or manufacture; in WordNet, produce%2:36:00 is create or manufacture a man-made product. The phrase "producing nucleotides" often in biomedical text maps to produce_1? Let's examine WordNet produce senses:

- produce.v.01: produce, make, create = create or manufacture a man-made product. Usually "The company produces cars."
- produce.v.02: produce, bring forth = bring forth or yield. "The tree would not produce fruit".
- produce.v.03: produce, bring about, give rise, cause to happen. "This procedure produces a curious effect".
- produce.v.04: produce, bring forth = bring out for display.
- produce.v.05: grow, raise, farm, produce = cultivate by growing
- produce.v.06: bring on, bring out, produce = bring onto the market or release
- produce.v.07: grow, develop, produce, get, acquire = come to have.

Which best fits "enzymes involved in producing nucleotides"? Nucleotides are produced by a biochemical synthetic process - not harvest. They are not displayed or brought on market. They are not caused to happen. It is a creation/synthetic process. But WordNet's sense 2 restricts to man-made product, while nucleotides are natural (in cells). Sense 1 "bring forth or yield" maybe, but examples are organic entities producing fruit/offspring. Enzymes produce nucleotides more like synthesize, create building blocks. Since natural, sense 1 maybe best among listed? However the WordNet sense 'produce%2:36:02::' definition "bring forth or yield" synonyms "bring forth" examples fruit. That likely covers biological organisms producing substances? Let's think.

We need use context, examples synonyms. The target surface form is "producing" gerund. In gloss: enzymes involved in producing nucleotides. It is anabolism: nucleotide synthesis. Could correspond to "create or manufacture" (man-made product) generally extended? But "man-made" is part of the gloss. Nucleotides are not man-made. Yet Woodsense mapping in lexical resources often maps "producing nucleotides" to produce.v.01 (create or manufacture a man-made product) because the sense includes "make"? But WordNet specifically says "man-made product". In Fine-grained WSD, the chemical/biochemical synthesis may be considered as produce_2? However because nucleotides are not artifacts, maybe produce_1. Let's evaluate more carefully.

The task says "WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense." That suggests not rigidly matching all aspects, but conceptual. For "producing nucleotides", the closest concept is creation/manufacturing (sense 2). Nucleotides are building blocks; this is production in the body analogous to manufacturing. Many WSD systems might choose sense 01? Let's recall SemCor annotations for similar contexts. "insulin is produced by beta cells" -> produce sense? WordNet produce.v.02? Let's check knowledge: Sentence "The body produces antibodies" in SemCor maybe annotated as produce%2:36:02::? Actually "produce" with body/cells: "The thyroid gland produces hormones" likely sense 2? Hmm.

I recall WordNet senses for produce: produce.v.01 is 'make or cause to be or to become' perhaps. Let me mentally map. The standard WordNet 3.0 produce senses:
1. produce, bring forth (bring forth or yield) - "The tree would not produce fruit" key maybe 2:36:02? Actually there are two 'bring forth' senses. The sense_key format produce%2:36:02:: vs produce%2:36:00::. Need mapping to indices in candidate list. Candidate 2 is 2:36:00 create or manufacture (produce.v.01). Candidate 1 is 2:36:02 bring forth or yield (produce.v.02). Candidate 3 is 2:36:03 cause to happen (produce.v.03). Candidate 4 2:39:01 display. 5 2:36:05 cultivate. 6 2:39:00 market. 7 2:29:00.

The distinction between create/manufacture and bring forth/yield: One is artifact creation (man-made), other is natural yield. In biomedical text, "cells produce molecules" often annotated with which? It might be "produce%2:36:00::" because the molecule is a product? Let's search memory: In WordNet, "secrete" is not produce. "produce" in "The factory produces pollution" could be sense cause? Pollution isn't man-made product? Hmm pollution is byproduct maybe sense 3? In actual sense distinctions, produce.v.01 is "create or manufacture a man-made product". "The company has been making toys for two centuries." produce.v.02 "The tree would not produce fruit".

Cells produce nucleotides: nucleotides are components synthesized; not exactly man-made, but the biochemical pathway creates them. Sense 1 could also capture "yield" of a natural process. The fruit example is an organism producing organic matter. Similarly enzymes (cellular machinery) produce nucleotides. That might align with produce.v.02 bring forth or yield.

But the phrase "building blocks of DNA" maybe "manufacture/building blocks" suggests sense 2. Need no hedge. We need choose the single best indexed sense. Need decide robustly.

Let's think from definition: "blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides". If enzymes produce nucleotides, it's like cells create nucleotides (a substance). This is analogous to "produce insulin", "produce antibodies". WordNet examples don't include biochemical. Which sense would a linguist choose? A linguist might say produce = "create or cause to exist", but since cause to exist (sense 3) examples are "procedure produces an effect/law gave rise to complaints". This is more abstract causation of events/effects. Nucleotides are concrete substances; not cause.

Between sense1 (natural yield) and sense2 (manufacture artifact). Nucleotides are not grown/cultivated (sense5). They are synthesized within cells; the cells are natural, not producing man-made product. The process is production of a chemical compound. In WordNet, there is also "synthesize" to produce a substance by chemical processes. The best generic hypernym in WordNet could be "produce" sense? The 'man-made' restriction maybe disqualified. But the task says glosses are schematic, so the core meaning of sense2 is "create/manufacture a product". The cell's enzymes create/manufacture nucleotides. This is a common modern usage in biology. Candidate 1 'bring forth or yield' evokes natural generation (tree fruit). This could apply too, but 'produce' used with enzymes as agents suggests more active synthesis than yield.

Let's check the sense key ordering: produce%2:36:00:: is likely the most general sense? It may be used for "produce more cars", but could subsume creation. In SemCor, the frequency of produce senses: sense 1 (2:36:02) for natural produce, sense 2 (2:36:00) for making products. In biomedical/technical texts, "producing" often = "make/ synthesize", which would fall under "create or manufacture a man-made product"? The distinction isn't always strict. WSD tasks in biomedical domain might annotate all "produce" of substances as sense 01 (2:36:00) if they are products, but "produce" of natural substances as sense 02. The explanatory phrase "building blocks of DNA and RNA" sounds like a product in manufacturing biological material. Actually nucleotides are monomers synthesized; in metabolic pathways, the enzymes synthesize them. I lean toward sense index 2.

However, examples for sense 2 are cars/toys—manufactured goods. It explicitly says man-made product. Enzymes are part of a human body, not a factory, and nucleotides are not man-made. If we are strict, sense 1 better: "bring forth or yield". Let's consider the hypernym: produce%2:36:02 (bring forth or yield) has hypernym "yield, give, afford"? Actually WordNet produce.v.02 likely hypernym make? Let's recall structure: produce.v.02 (bring forth) is also verb.creation. It's related to "produce" but not necessarily artifact. Hmm. produce.v.02 maybe hypernym "make"? Let me check mental:
produce (v) 1 create or manufacture a man-made product; hypernym create_by_mental_act? no.
produce 2 bring forth or yield; synonyms: bring forth; hypernym "make, create".
produce 3 cause to happen; hypernym "make, create".
Actually all creation senses might have same hypernym. The distinction is in instrumentality and nature of object.

Which candidate includes "make" synonyms? Sense 2 synonyms make, create. The sentence naturally paraphrases as "enzymes involved in making nucleotides". That strongly suggests sense 2. "Produce nucleotides" could replace with "make nucleotides" or "create nucleotides". Therefore sense 2. "Bring forth nucleotides" or "yield nucleotides" is not idiomatic. "Cause to happen nucleotides" nonsensical. "Display nucleotides" no. "Grow nucleotides" no. "Bring onto market" no. "Develop nucleotides" not.

Thus best index 2. Need output JSON {"sense_index": 2}. Ensure only JSON object. No explanation.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Parasail

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: building_block
Target surface form: building blocks
Context:
Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the <t>building blocks</t> of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=building_block%1:17:00:: | definition=a single undivided natural thing occurring in the composition of something else | synonyms=unit | examples=units of nucleic acids
2. sense_key=building_block%1:06:00:: | definition=a block of material used in construction work

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The word "building blocks" here refers to nucleotides, which are the basic units of DNA and RNA (the genetic material of cells). The context is biochemical/structural - nucleotides are fundamental units composing DNA/RNA.

 Candidate 1: "a single undivided natural thing occurring in the composition of something else" with synonym "unit" and example "units of nucleic acids" - this fits perfectly.

 Candidate 2: "a block of material used in construction work" - this is literal construction material, not relevant here.

 The best sense is 1.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: genetic
Target surface form: genetic
Context:
Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the <t>genetic</t> material of cells). How has Alimta been studied?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=genetic%5:00:00:inheritable:00 | definition=occurring among members of a family usually by heredity | synonyms=familial, hereditary, inherited, transmitted, transmissible | examples=an inherited disease; familial traits
2. sense_key=genetic%3:01:02:: | definition=of or relating to or produced by or being a gene | synonyms=genic, genetical | examples=genic combinations; genetic code
3. sense_key=genetic%3:01:01:: | definition=pertaining to or referring to origin | examples=genetic history reconstructs the origins of a literary work
4. sense_key=genetic%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to the science of genetics | synonyms=genetical | examples=genetic research

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need pick best sense for "genetic" in phrase "the genetic material of cells" referring to DNA and RNA. Need choose among four senses: 1 inheritable; 2 of or relating to or produced by or being a gene; 3 pertaining to origin; 4 of or relating to science of genetics.

In context: DNA and RNA are the genetic material of cells, i.e., material containing genes, hereditary material. The adjective "genetic" here means relating to genes/heredity. Sense 2: of or relating to or produced by or being a gene. Synonyms genic, genetical. Examples genic combinations; genetic code. Genetic material is material of genes (DNA/RNA). Sense 1 is inheritable (occurring among members of a family by heredity) used for diseases/traits. The material is not "occurring among members of family usually by heredity." So sense 2 best. Sense 4 about science of genetics (genetic research) not correct. Sense 3 origin not correct. Return JSON {"sense_index":2}. Ensure only JSON object.

provider: Moonshot AI


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: material
Target surface form: material
Context:
Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic <t>material</t> of cells). How has Alimta been studied?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=material%1:27:00:: | definition=the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object | synonyms=stuff | examples=coal is a hard black material; wheat is the stuff they use to make bread
2. sense_key=material%1:10:00:: | definition=information (data or ideas or observations) that can be used or reworked into a finished form | examples=the archives provided rich material for a definitive biography
3. sense_key=material%1:06:00:: | definition=artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers | synonyms=fabric, cloth, textile | examples=the fabric in the curtains was light and semitransparent; woven cloth originated in Mesopotamia around 5000 BC
4. sense_key=material%1:06:01:: | definition=things needed for doing or making something | examples=writing materials; useful teaching materials
5. sense_key=material%1:18:00:: | definition=a person judged suitable for admission or employment | examples=he was university material; she was vice-presidential material

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need pick best sense for "material" in context: "genetic material of cells". The text: "DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells". The target lemma material. Candidate senses:
1. tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object. DNA/RNA physical substance, genetic material = physical substance made up of genetic molecules. fits tangible substance.
2. information/data/ideas that can be reworked into finished form. Not in this context; genetic information? But phrase "genetic material" typically refers to physical substance carrying genetic info (DNA/RNA), sense 1 is proper.
3. fabric/textile no.
4. things needed for doing/making no.
5. person no.
Answer index 1. Return JSON exactly.

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cell
Target surface form: cells
Context:
Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of <t>cells</t>). How has Alimta been studied?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cell%1:06:03:: | definition=any small compartment | examples=the cells of a honeycomb
2. sense_key=cell%1:03:00:: | definition=(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
3. sense_key=cell%1:06:00:: | definition=a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction | synonyms=electric cell
4. sense_key=cell%1:14:00:: | definition=a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement | synonyms=cadre
5. sense_key=cell%1:06:04:: | definition=a hand-held mobile radiotelephone for use in an area divided into small sections, each with its own short-range transmitter/receiver | synonyms=cellular telephone, cellular phone, cellphone, mobile phone
6. sense_key=cell%1:06:02:: | definition=small room in which a monk or nun lives | synonyms=cubicle
7. sense_key=cell%1:06:01:: | definition=a room where a prisoner is kept | synonyms=jail cell, prison cell

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer as JSON object exactly {"sense_index": 3} etc. Need choose best indexed sense for target word cells in context. Context: medicinal/pharma text about Alimta/pemetrexed, kills cells dividing such as cancer cells. "the genetic material of cells". This is biological cells. Candidate sense index 2: cell%1:03:00:: biology basic structural and functional unit. So answer {"sense_index": 2}. Ensure only JSON. No explanation.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: study
Target surface form: studied
Context:
Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been <t>studied</t>? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=study%2:31:02:: | definition=consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning | synonyms=analyze, analyse, examine, canvass, canvas | examples=analyze a sonnet by Shakespeare; analyze the evidence in a criminal trial
2. sense_key=study%2:31:03:: | definition=be a student; follow a course of study; be enrolled at an institute of learning
3. sense_key=study%2:39:00:: | definition=give careful consideration to | synonyms=consider | examples=consider the possibility of moving
4. sense_key=study%2:31:00:: | definition=be a student of a certain subject | synonyms=learn, read, take | examples=She is reading for the bar exam
5. sense_key=study%2:31:01:: | definition=learn by reading books | synonyms=hit the books | examples=He is studying geology in his room; I have an exam next week; I must hit the books now
6. sense_key=study%2:31:04:: | definition=think intently and at length, as for spiritual purposes | synonyms=meditate, contemplate | examples=He is meditating in his study

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need choose best WordNet sense for 'studied' in sentence: "How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before." This is research context, drug investigated/tested in clinical study. Candidate senses are only those listed (6). Which sense best fits? Sense 1 study%2:31:02 consider in detail and subject to analysis to discover essential features/meaning synonyms analyze, examine, canvass, canvas examples analyze a sonnet, analyze evidence. Clinical trial context 'Alimta has been studied' means investigated/examined/tested, equivalent to analyze/examine. Sense 3 give careful consideration to maybe less. Sense 0? Actually study%2:31:00 be a student of subject. Not right. Sense 2 be a student. 5 learn by reading. 6 meditate. So best is sense 1 (index 1? They list candidate senses numbered 1-6. Sense_index likely the number. The sense_key=study%2:31:02 corresponds to #1. So answer {"sense_index": 1}. Ensure only JSON.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: treatment
Target surface form: treatment
Context:
For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the <t>treatment</t> of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=treatment%1:04:00:: | definition=care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury) | synonyms=intervention
2. sense_key=treatment%1:04:01:: | definition=the management of someone or something | synonyms=handling | examples=the handling of prisoners; the treatment of water sewage
3. sense_key=treatment%1:07:00:: | definition=a manner of dealing with something artistically | examples=his treatment of space borrows from Italian architecture
4. sense_key=treatment%1:10:00:: | definition=an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic | synonyms=discussion, discourse | examples=the book contains an excellent discussion of modal logic; his treatment of the race question is badly biased

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need choose best sense for 'treatment' in context: "For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied..." It's medical use, care/procedure intended to relieve illness/injury. Sense 1 matches. Need answer JSON {"sense_index":1}. Ensure no explanation.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: study
Target surface form: studied
Context:
For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been <t>studied</t> in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=study%2:31:02:: | definition=consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning | synonyms=analyze, analyse, examine, canvass, canvas | examples=analyze a sonnet by Shakespeare; analyze the evidence in a criminal trial
2. sense_key=study%2:31:03:: | definition=be a student; follow a course of study; be enrolled at an institute of learning
3. sense_key=study%2:39:00:: | definition=give careful consideration to | synonyms=consider | examples=consider the possibility of moving
4. sense_key=study%2:31:00:: | definition=be a student of a certain subject | synonyms=learn, read, take | examples=She is reading for the bar exam
5. sense_key=study%2:31:01:: | definition=learn by reading books | synonyms=hit the books | examples=He is studying geology in his room; I have an exam next week; I must hit the books now
6. sense_key=study%2:31:04:: | definition=think intently and at length, as for spiritual purposes | synonyms=meditate, contemplate | examples=He is meditating in his study

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need choose best WordNet sense for target lemma 'study' surface form 'studied' in context. Context is EPAR about Alimta drug: "How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been <t>studied</t> in one main study in 456 patients..." So meaning: clinical trials were conducted on Alimta to investigate its effects, examine/consider in detail. The target 'studied' here is passive: Alimta has been studied in one main study. Which sense matches? Candidate sense 1: consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning; synonyms analyze, examine, canvass. That's likely: "studied" = investigated, analyzed, examined (clinical trial). Sense 5: learn by reading books (hit the books). Sense 4: be a student of subject. Sense 2: be a student. Sense 3: give careful consideration to. Sense 6: meditate. So best is sense 1. Need return JSON {"sense_index": 1}. Ensure only JSON. Done.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: main
Target surface form: main
Context:
For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one <t>main</t> study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=main%5:00:00:important:00 | definition=most important element | synonyms=chief, primary, principal, master | examples=the chief aim of living; the main doors were of solid glass
2. sense_key=main%3:00:02:: | definition=(of a clause) capable of standing syntactically alone as a complete sentence | synonyms=independent | examples=the main (or independent) clause in a complex sentence has at least a subject and a verb
3. sense_key=main%5:00:00:intense:00 | definition=of force; of the greatest possible intensity | examples=by main strength

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "main" in the context "For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=main%5:00:00:important:00 | definition=most important element | synonyms=chief, primary, principal, master | examples=the chief aim of living; the main doors were of solid glass
2. sense_key=main%3:00:02:: | definition=(of a clause) capable of standing syntactically alone as a complete sentence | synonyms=independent | examples=the main (or independent) clause in a complex sentence has at least a subject and a verb
3. sense_key=main%5:00:00:intense:00 | definition=of force; of the greatest possible intensity | examples=by main strength

In this context, "main" modifies "study" and means primary/principal/most important study. So sense 1 is the best choice. The sentence is about a clinical trial where Alimta was studied in one primary study. This aligns with "most important element" and synonyms like primary/principal/chief.

Sense 2 is about grammatical clauses, which doesn't apply here.
Sense 3 is about force/intensity, which doesn't apply here.

So the answer should be {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: Ambient


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: study
Target surface form: study
Context:
For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main <t>study</t> in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=study%1:04:00:: | definition=a detailed critical inspection | synonyms=survey
2. sense_key=study%1:09:03:: | definition=applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading) | synonyms=work | examples=mastering a second language requires a lot of work; no schools offer graduate study in interior design
3. sense_key=study%1:10:00:: | definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | synonyms=report, written report | examples=this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
4. sense_key=study%1:09:04:: | definition=a state of deep mental absorption | examples=she is in a deep study
5. sense_key=study%1:06:00:: | definition=a room used for reading and writing and studying | examples=he knocked lightly on the closed door of the study
6. sense_key=study%1:09:02:: | definition=a branch of knowledge | synonyms=discipline, subject, subject area, subject field, field, field of study | examples=in what discipline is his doctorate?; teachers should be well trained in their subject
7. sense_key=study%1:06:01:: | definition=preliminary drawing for later elaboration | synonyms=sketch | examples=he made several studies before starting to paint
8. sense_key=study%1:09:01:: | definition=attentive consideration and meditation | synonyms=cogitation | examples=after much cogitation he rejected the offer
9. sense_key=study%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who memorizes quickly and easily (as the lines for a part in a play) | examples=he is a quick study
10. sense_key=study%1:10:01:: | definition=a composition intended to develop one aspect of the performer's technique | examples=a study in spiccato bowing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need do WSD. Target: study surface study. Context about Alimta has been studied? Wait target surface form is "study" noun? The phrase: "How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main <t>study</t> in 456 patients... The effects ... were compared..." Here "study" refers to clinical trial/research investigation. Candidate senses listed are noun senses. Let's map WordNet noun senses of study.1:04:00 (noun.04.00?) "a detailed critical inspection" synonyms survey. That's likely an investigation/inquiry maybe clinical study. 1:10:00 "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group" synonyms report. Not here because they refer to main study in 456 patients, clinical trial investigation rather than the resulting document. But study%1:09:03 applying mind to learning/work, not.1:09:04 state of absorption.1:06:00 room.1:09:02 branch of knowledge.1:06:01 sketch.1:09:01 meditation.1:18:00 quick study.1:10:01 composition for performer. So best is sense_key=study%1:04:00:: definition detailed critical inspection; in WordNet there's noun sense 1 detailed critical inspection; this corresponds to "study" as an investigation. Output JSON {"sense_index": 1}. The instructions choose single best indexed sense, return only JSON object. Need ensure answer is only JSON. But the problem says candidate senses numbered 1-10. So index 1. Let's provide just JSON.

provider: Together


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: patients
Context:
For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 <t>patients</t> who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform word sense disambiguation for the target word "patients" in the given context. I need to choose between two candidate senses:
1. patient%1:18:00:: - a person who requires medical care
2. patient%1:10:00:: - the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause

The context is about a medical study of Alimta (pemetrexed) for treating malignant pleural mesothelioma. The sentence says "456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before." These are clearly people receiving medical treatment in a clinical study.

Sense 1 refers to actual people who require medical care - this fits perfectly.
Sense 2 is a linguistic/semantic term (the semantic role in a clause) - this doesn't fit the medical context at all.

The answer should be sense_index: 1 (since the first candidate is index 1).

I need to return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}, but with index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: before
Target surface form: before
Context:
For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease <t>before</t>. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=before%4:02:03:: | definition=earlier in time; previously | synonyms=earlier | examples=I had known her before; as I said before
2. sense_key=before%4:02:01:: | definition=at or in the front | synonyms=ahead, in front | examples=I see the lights of a town ahead; the road ahead is foggy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer WSD for "before" in context. Need choose single best indexed sense from candidates. Candidates indices likely 1 and 2 as listed. Context: patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. Means earlier in time; previously. So sense_index 1. Return JSON only.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: effect
Target surface form: effects
Context:
How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The <t>effects</t> of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=effect%1:19:00:: | definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | synonyms=consequence, outcome, result, event, issue, upshot | examples=the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise; his decision had depressing consequences for business
2. sense_key=effect%1:07:00:: | definition=an outward appearance | synonyms=impression | examples=he made a good impression; I wanted to create an impression of success
3. sense_key=effect%1:09:00:: | definition=an impression (especially one that is artificial or contrived) | examples=he just did it for effect
4. sense_key=effect%1:10:00:: | definition=the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work | synonyms=essence, burden, core, gist
5. sense_key=effect%1:07:01:: | definition=(of a law) having legal validity | synonyms=force | examples=the law is still in effect
6. sense_key=effect%1:26:00:: | definition=a symptom caused by an illness or a drug | examples=the effects of sleep loss; the effect of the anesthetic

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need determine best WordNet sense for 'effects' in medical context: The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. It refers to results/outcomes/treatment effects. Candidate sense 1 definition: a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon; synonyms consequence, outcome, result, event, issue, upshot; examples magnetic effect, decision consequences. Sense 6: a symptom caused by an illness or a drug; examples the effects of sleep loss; the effect of the anesthetic.

Clinical trials compare effects of drug = therapeutic outcomes, side effects maybe 'effects'. WordNet effect%1:19:00:: is general outcome/result. Effect%1:26:00:: specifically symptom caused by illness or drug. The phrase "effects of Alimta" in a study likely include efficacy and side effects? It says effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. In a clinical study, "effects" means outcomes/efficacy, not just symptoms. Which sense is more appropriate? WordNet schematic: "a symptom caused by an illness or a drug" is effect%1:26:00::. This is narrower, for drug effects/experimental. But the context says treatment effects, clinical outcomes, not specifically side effect symptoms. The examples for sense 1 include "the magnetic effect" and "decision had depressing consequences". Sense 6 examples "the effects of sleep loss; the effect of the anesthetic". For Alimta drug effects, sense 6 seems plausible, often used for drugs. But compare in clinical study: "effects of Alimta" in therapy with cisplatin vs cisplatin alone - maybe they compared efficacy/survival outcomes, not symptoms. WordNet 1:19 is "a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon". I think this is most general and standard for the result of treatment. Many WSD tasks use effect%1:19:00:: for "effects of X" in scientific contexts. But need not hedge; choose single best.

Let's parse context carefully:

"The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone." This is about efficacy outcomes measured in study. The definition "a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon" matches. Synonyms outcome, result. Sense 6 examples "effects of sleep loss" is effect as a physical consequence of drug/illness; the illness/drug thing. In a sentence evaluating chemotherapy, "effects" could mean both efficacy and adverse. However, WordNet sense 1 is broader and includes "consequence, outcome, result" often used for drug effects too? But WN specifically has a separate sense for drug effects. In fine-grained WSD, if effect is caused by a medicine, sense 6 may be intended. But the phrase "effects of Alimta" in clinical trial context is not necessarily symptom. In another sentence: "For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel". That's comparing treatment outcomes (efficacy). Thus sense 1 outcome/result is best. Sense 4 not relevant; sense 5 legal validity; sense 2 outward appearance; sense 3 contrived impression.

We need output JSON {"sense_index": 1}. Ensure no extra text.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: compare
Target surface form: compared
Context:
How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were <t>compared</t> with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=compare%2:31:00:: | definition=examine and note the similarities or differences of | examples=John compared his haircut to his friend's; We compared notes after we had both seen the movie
2. sense_key=compare%2:42:00:: | definition=be comparable | examples=This car does not compare with our line of Mercedes
3. sense_key=compare%2:31:01:: | definition=consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous | synonyms=liken, equate | examples=We can compare the Han dynasty to the Romans; You cannot equate success in financial matters with greed
4. sense_key=compare%2:32:00:: | definition=to form the comparative or superlative form on an adjective or adverb

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need answer with JSON only, choose best sense index. Need analyze context. Target lemma compare, surface compared. Context about clinical study: effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. This means examined and noted similarities/differences between effects in a study. Candidate 1 definition examine and note similarities or differences of. Example John compared his haircut to his friend's, We compared notes. That fits experimental comparison. Candidate 2 be comparable (intransitive) 'This car does not compare with'. Here used transitively/passive: effects were compared with those of... Not be comparable. Candidate 3 consider/describe as similar, equal, analogous; synonyms liken, equate; examples compare Han dynasty to Romans, equate success with greed. This implies likening rather than measuring differences. In clinical trial, compare means examine differences/effects, not analogizing. Candidate 4 grammar form irrelevant. So best sense index 1. Need return JSON {"sense_index": 1} only.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: treatment
Target surface form: treatment
Context:
The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the <t>treatment</t> of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=treatment%1:04:00:: | definition=care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury) | synonyms=intervention
2. sense_key=treatment%1:04:01:: | definition=the management of someone or something | synonyms=handling | examples=the handling of prisoners; the treatment of water sewage
3. sense_key=treatment%1:07:00:: | definition=a manner of dealing with something artistically | examples=his treatment of space borrows from Italian architecture
4. sense_key=treatment%1:10:00:: | definition=an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic | synonyms=discussion, discourse | examples=the book contains an excellent discussion of modal logic; his treatment of the race question is badly biased

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
 ```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
 ```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
 The target word "treatment" appears in the context "For the <t>treatment</t> of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel..."

This is clearly referring to medical treatment/care provided to treat a disease (non-small cell lung cancer). The preceding sentence talks about "For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma" which is also medical.

The candidate senses:
1. care provided to improve a situation, especially medical procedures - this fits perfectly
2. management of someone/something - doesn't fit as well
3. artistic manner - doesn't fit
4. extended communication/discussion - doesn't fit

So the answer is index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cell
Target surface form: cell
Context:
The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small <t>cell</t> lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cell%1:06:03:: | definition=any small compartment | examples=the cells of a honeycomb
2. sense_key=cell%1:03:00:: | definition=(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
3. sense_key=cell%1:06:00:: | definition=a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction | synonyms=electric cell
4. sense_key=cell%1:14:00:: | definition=a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement | synonyms=cadre
5. sense_key=cell%1:06:04:: | definition=a hand-held mobile radiotelephone for use in an area divided into small sections, each with its own short-range transmitter/receiver | synonyms=cellular telephone, cellular phone, cellphone, mobile phone
6. sense_key=cell%1:06:02:: | definition=small room in which a monk or nun lives | synonyms=cubicle
7. sense_key=cell%1:06:01:: | definition=a room where a prisoner is kept | synonyms=jail cell, prison cell

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need choose best sense for "cell" in context. Context: "non-small cell lung cancer". This refers to biological cells. Candidate sense 2 is biology basic structural/functional unit. So answer sense_index 2. Need JSON.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: effect
Target surface form: effects
Context:
The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the <t>effects</t> of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=effect%1:19:00:: | definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | synonyms=consequence, outcome, result, event, issue, upshot | examples=the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise; his decision had depressing consequences for business
2. sense_key=effect%1:07:00:: | definition=an outward appearance | synonyms=impression | examples=he made a good impression; I wanted to create an impression of success
3. sense_key=effect%1:09:00:: | definition=an impression (especially one that is artificial or contrived) | examples=he just did it for effect
4. sense_key=effect%1:10:00:: | definition=the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work | synonyms=essence, burden, core, gist
5. sense_key=effect%1:07:01:: | definition=(of a law) having legal validity | synonyms=force | examples=the law is still in effect
6. sense_key=effect%1:26:00:: | definition=a symptom caused by an illness or a drug | examples=the effects of sleep loss; the effect of the anesthetic

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need answer with JSON only. Need choose best sense for "effects" in context. Context: medical study comparing effects of Alimta with other drugs. " The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone." Means outcomes/results of treatment, or effects as consequences/symptoms caused by drug? Candidate sense 1: phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon; synonyms consequence, outcome, result, event, issue, upshot. Candidate 6: a symptom caused by an illness or a drug; examples "the effects of sleep loss; the effect of the anesthetic". In medical context, "effects of Alimta" could be therapeutic effects/outcomes. WordNet sense 6 specifically for symptom caused by illness or drug. But phrase "the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel" in oncology trials typically compare efficacy outcomes. The gloss "symptom caused by an illness or a drug" is narrower (adverse effects? But "effect" as pharmacological effect). However examples: "the effect of the anesthetic" could be drug effect. In WordNet, effect%1:26:00:: definition=a symptom caused by an illness or a drug. Actually "symptom" is odd; perhaps "effects" of a drug as results. But the context is "effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel" - that's outcome/effectiveness. Which sense is best? Let's analyze fine-grained.

Sentence: "The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone." It refers to how well the treatment performed, results/outcomes. In clinical trials, they compare effects=therapeutic effects. WordNet sense 1 includes outcome, result, consequence. Sense 6 includes symptom caused by a drug. For an anticancer medicine, the intended effects are killing cancer cells; not symptoms. In context, "active substance ... blocks enzymes" etc. They ask how studied: compare effects (efficacy results) with other treatments. That fits sense 1 (outcome/result). However sense 6 examples include "the effect of the anesthetic" which is drug effect. But in WordNet, "effects" as pharmacological action? Let's see WordNet: effect noun 1: consequence, effect, outcome, result, event, issue, upshot (a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon). 2: impression, effect (an outward appearance). 3: effect (an impression especially artificial). 4: effect, essence, burden, core, gist (central meaning). 5: effect, force (validity). 6: effect (a symptom caused by an illness or a drug). Actually "the effects of sleep loss; the effect of the anesthetic". That applies. But the context of comparing effects of medicines is more like consequence/outcome. Yet in clinical drug study, "effects" can mean effects/side effects? The sentence: "The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel ..." They compare the effectiveness/outcomes. Answer: sense 1.

We need output JSON {"sense_index": 1}. Ensure only JSON object nothing else.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: compare
Target surface form: compared
Context:
The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were <t>compared</t> with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=compare%2:31:00:: | definition=examine and note the similarities or differences of | examples=John compared his haircut to his friend's; We compared notes after we had both seen the movie
2. sense_key=compare%2:42:00:: | definition=be comparable | examples=This car does not compare with our line of Mercedes
3. sense_key=compare%2:31:01:: | definition=consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous | synonyms=liken, equate | examples=We can compare the Han dynasty to the Romans; You cannot equate success in financial matters with greed
4. sense_key=compare%2:32:00:: | definition=to form the comparative or superlative form on an adjective or adverb

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need choose best WordNet sense for "compared" in context: "the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel ..." This is clinical study, comparing effects of drugs. Definition sense 1: examine and note the similarities or differences of. Examples: compared his haircut to his friend's; compared notes. The structure "effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel" matches sense 1. Sense 3: consider or describe as similar, equal, analogous; synonyms liken, equate; examples compare Han dynasty to Romans. This is metaphorical/abstract equating. Sense 2: be comparable (intransitive). Sense 4 grammar. So answer sense_index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: medicine
Target surface form: medicine
Context:
The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer <t>medicine</t>) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=medicine%1:09:00:: | definition=the branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques | synonyms=medical specialty
2. sense_key=medicine%1:06:00:: | definition=(medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease | synonyms=medication, medicament, medicinal drug
3. sense_key=medicine%1:04:00:: | definition=the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries | synonyms=practice of medicine | examples=he studied medicine at Harvard
4. sense_key=medicine%1:04:02:: | definition=punishment for one's actions | synonyms=music | examples=you have to face the music; take your medicine

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need select best indexed sense for target lemma medicine, surface form medicine, in context. Context: discussing Alimta, pemetrexed is a cytotoxic medicine, anticancer medicine. The token at <t>medicine</t> is "another anticancer medicine". This clearly means a substance that treats/prevents disease; medicinal drug. That's sense 2: medicine%1:06:00:: definition something that treats or prevents or alleviates symptoms of disease; synonyms medication, medicament, medicinal drug. Need return JSON {"sense_index": 2}. Ensure no extra.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: study
Target surface form: study
Context:
The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one <t>study</t> involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=study%1:04:00:: | definition=a detailed critical inspection | synonyms=survey
2. sense_key=study%1:09:03:: | definition=applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading) | synonyms=work | examples=mastering a second language requires a lot of work; no schools offer graduate study in interior design
3. sense_key=study%1:10:00:: | definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | synonyms=report, written report | examples=this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
4. sense_key=study%1:09:04:: | definition=a state of deep mental absorption | examples=she is in a deep study
5. sense_key=study%1:06:00:: | definition=a room used for reading and writing and studying | examples=he knocked lightly on the closed door of the study
6. sense_key=study%1:09:02:: | definition=a branch of knowledge | synonyms=discipline, subject, subject area, subject field, field, field of study | examples=in what discipline is his doctorate?; teachers should be well trained in their subject
7. sense_key=study%1:06:01:: | definition=preliminary drawing for later elaboration | synonyms=sketch | examples=he made several studies before starting to paint
8. sense_key=study%1:09:01:: | definition=attentive consideration and meditation | synonyms=cogitation | examples=after much cogitation he rejected the offer
9. sense_key=study%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who memorizes quickly and easily (as the lines for a part in a play) | examples=he is a quick study
10. sense_key=study%1:10:01:: | definition=a composition intended to develop one aspect of the performer's technique | examples=a study in spiccato bowing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need answer as JSON only. Need determine best WordNet sense for "study" in context. The target word appears: "in one <t>study</t> involving 571 patients..." and "in a study involving 1,725 patients..." These refer to a clinical trial / scientific investigation. Candidate senses include:
1 study%1:04:00:: a detailed critical inspection | synonyms=survey (noun.act? event)
2 study%1:09:03:: applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading) | examples=work; no schools offer graduate study...
3 study%1:10:00:: a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | synonyms=report, written report | examples=this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
4 mental absorption
5 room
6 branch of knowledge
7 sketch
8 cogitation
9 quick study person
10 composition for technique

Context: "Alimta has been studied in one main study..." and later "in one study involving 571 patients" "in a study involving 1,725 patients". Here "study" means a scientific investigation/research project, which in WordNet is likely sense 1? Let's examine. sense_key=study%1:04:00:: definition: a detailed critical inspection. In WordNet noun.act? 1:04 is noun.act? Actually synset offsets. sense 1 is a detailed critical inspection; synonyms survey. In clinical context, "a study" is an investigation or survey. It doesn't refer to a written document (report) here, because it says "has been studied in one main study" and "involving 571 patients". So sense 1. Sense 3 could be tempting (recent study by Hill and Dale) but there the study is a published report. Here "in one main study" is the investigation itself, not the document. We should choose sense_index 1.

Need output only JSON. Ensure no explanation.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: involve
Target surface form: involving
Context:
The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study <t>involving</t> 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=involve%2:42:01:: | definition=connect closely and often incriminatingly | synonyms=affect, regard | examples=This new ruling affects your business
2. sense_key=involve%2:42:04:: | definition=engage as a participant | examples=Don't involve me in your family affairs!
3. sense_key=involve%2:42:00:: | definition=have as a necessary feature | synonyms=imply | examples=This decision involves many changes
4. sense_key=involve%2:42:07:: | definition=require as useful, just, or proper | synonyms=necessitate, ask, postulate, need, require, take | examples=It takes nerve to do what she did; success usually requires hard work
5. sense_key=involve%2:42:02:: | definition=contain as a part | examples=Dinner at Joe's always involves at least six courses
6. sense_key=involve%2:31:00:: | definition=occupy or engage the interest of | examples=His story completely involved me during the entire afternoon
7. sense_key=involve%2:30:00:: | definition=make complex or intricate or complicated | examples=The situation was rather involved

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need answer as JSON only. Need choose sense. Let's analyze.

Target lemma involve, surface involving. Context: "in one study involving 571 patients..." "in a study involving 1,725 patients...". The meaning: a study containing/encompassing 571 patients; require? contain as a part? Let's examine senses.

Sense 1: connect closely and often incriminatingly; synonyms affect, regard; examples This new ruling affects your business. Not study patients.

Sense 2: engage as a participant; Don't involve me. Could patients be participants? The study engages patients as participants? But the phrasing "a study involving 571 patients" commonly means the study included/had 571 patients, not necessarily actively engaging them as participants (though participants). The idiom for clinical study is "involve patients" as have/include.

Sense 3: have as a necessary feature; imply; example This decision involves many changes. Not exactly.

Sense 4: require as useful, just, or proper; necessitate, ask, postulate, need, require, take. Not.

Sense 5: contain as a part; Dinner at Joe's always involves at least six courses. "A study involving 571 patients" = the study contains patients as participants. This matches best. It is part of the study (participants). Synonyms maybe include, contain.

Sense 6: occupy or engage the interest of. Not.

Sense 7: make complex. Not.

So best sense index 5. Need output {"sense_index": 5}. Ensure no extra text.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: patients
Context:
The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 <t>patients</t> with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need perform WSD. Target lemma patient, surface patients. Context is medical: cancer patients, study involving patients requiring medical care. Candidate sense 1: person who requires medical care. Candidate sense 2: semantic role patient role in grammar. Context obviously medical human patients. So choose index 1. Return JSON.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: locally
Target surface form: locally
Context:
The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with <t>locally</t> advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=locally%4:02:00:: | definition=by a particular locality | examples=it was locally decided
2. sense_key=locally%4:02:01:: | definition=to a restricted area of the body | synonyms=topically | examples=apply this medicine topically

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need choose sense index for target 'locally' in sentence "...patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease". Two senses: 1 by a particular locality/it was locally decided. 2 to a restricted area of the body/topically/apply this medicine topically. Which best? 'locally advanced' in oncology means cancer that has spread only to nearby tissues/lymph nodes but not distant metastases. This corresponds to sense 1 'by a particular locality'? Or sense 2 'to a restricted area of the body'? Actually WordNet sense 2 includes 'to a restricted area of the body' synonym topically, used for medicine applied locally. The phrase 'locally advanced' disease means advanced in a local area, not metastatic. It is spatial 'in a particular locality' (sense 1). ' Locally decided' example is different. Sense 2 is specifically applying medicine topically. Here 'locally advanced or metastatic disease': locally means 'in the local region' not topically. So sense 1.
Need JSON {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: advanced
Target surface form: advanced
Context:
The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally <t>advanced</t> or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=advanced%5:00:00:precocious:00 | definition=farther along in physical or mental development | examples=the child's skeletal age was classified as `advanced'; children in the advanced classes in elementary school read far above grade average
2. sense_key=advanced%5:00:00:late:02 | definition=comparatively late in a course of development | examples=the illness had reached an advanced stage; an advanced state of exhaustion
3. sense_key=advanced%5:00:00:progressive:01 | definition=ahead of the times | synonyms=forward-looking, innovative, modern | examples=the advanced teaching methods; had advanced views on the subject
4. sense_key=advanced%5:00:02:high:02 | definition=at a higher level in training or knowledge or skill | examples=an advanced degree; an advanced text in physics
5. sense_key=advanced%5:00:00:high-tech:00 | definition=ahead in development; complex or intricate | synonyms=sophisticated | examples=advanced technology; a sophisticated electronic control system
6. sense_key=advanced%5:00:00:late:00 | definition=far along in time | synonyms=ripe | examples=a man of advanced age; advanced in years
7. sense_key=advanced%5:00:00:civilized:00 | definition=(of societies) highly developed especially in technology or industry | examples=advanced societies; an advanced country technologically
8. sense_key=advanced%5:00:00:front:00 | definition=situated ahead or going before | synonyms=advance, in advance | examples=an advance party; at that time the most advanced outpost was still east of the Rockies

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 We need answer only JSON object with sense_index. The target is "advanced" in context locally advanced or metastatic disease. Medical oncology context. Locally advanced means disease has progressed to a late stage but not metastasized? "advanced" modifies disease, meaning at a later stage in development. Compare candidate senses:
1 precocious development - not.
2 late in course of development - examples "advanced stage" "advanced state of exhaustion" exactly matches stage of illness.
3 progressive/ahead of times - no.
4 higher level training - no.
5 ahead in development tech - no.
6 far along in time (age/years) - not disease stage.
7 societies - no.
8 front position - no.
Best sense = 2. Return {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: past
Target surface form: past
Context:
The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the <t>past</t>. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=past%1:28:00:: | definition=the time that has elapsed | synonyms=past times, yesteryear | examples=forget the past
2. sense_key=past%1:28:01:: | definition=a earlier period in someone's life (especially one that they have reason to keep secret) | examples=reporters dug into the candidate's past
3. sense_key=past%1:10:00:: | definition=a verb tense that expresses actions or states in the past | synonyms=past tense

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform word sense disambiguation for the target word "past" in the given context. I need to choose the best indexed sense from the candidates.

Context analysis: "patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past" and "patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past."

The meaning here is "the time that has elapsed" - referring to an earlier time before the present/study. "In the past" is a temporal expression meaning previously, before now.

Candidate sense 1: "the time that has elapsed" - synonyms: past times, yesteryear - example: "forget the past". This matches "in the past" referring to elapsed time.

Candidate sense 2: "a earlier period in someone's life (especially one that they have reason to keep secret)" - example: "reporters dug into the candidate's past". This doesn't fit; it's not about a person's hidden history.

Candidate sense 3: "a verb tense that expresses actions or states in the past" - This is a grammatical tense, not relevant here.

The best sense is sense 1 (index 1).