[User]
Which numbered sense of "week" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In a report out last <t>week</t>, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene.

Senses:
1. definition=any period of seven consecutive days | examples=it rained for a week
2. definition=hours or days of work in a calendar week | examples=they worked a 40-hour week
3. definition=a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to identify which sense of "week" is used in the given sentence. The sentence is: "In a report out last <t>week</t>, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene."

Let me analyze the three senses:

1. "any period of seven consecutive days" - This is a general definition referring to a 7-day period.
2. "hours or days of work in a calendar week" - This refers specifically to work time (like a 40-hour work week).
3. "a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday" - This refers to a specific calendar week starting on Sunday.

In the sentence, "last week" refers to the previous calendar week or the previous 7-day period. It's referring to when the report came out - in the previous week.

"Last week" typically means the calendar week immediately preceding the current one, or generally the 7-day period before now.

Looking at sense 1: "any period of seven consecutive days" - this is very general.
Looking at sense 3: "a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday" - this is specific to weeks that start on Sunday.

In common usage, "last week" usually refers to the previous calendar week. However, sense 3 specifies "starting on Sunday" which is a specific convention (common in the US but not universal).

But let's look more carefully. The phrase "last week" in news contexts typically refers to the recent past, specifically the previous calendar week.

Sense 1 is very broad: "any period of seven consecutive days"
Sense 3 is specific: "a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday"

Actually, looking at standard dictionary definitions:
- Sense 1 is usually the general "seven consecutive days" definition
- Sense 3 is the "calendar week" definition (specifically starting on Sunday)

In the sentence "In a report out last week", this is referring to the calendar week - the specific week in the calendar.

But wait, I need to be careful. Let me think about how these senses are typically distinguished.

Sense 1: "a week" as in "it rained for a week" - any 7-day period
Sense 2: "work week" - related to employment
Sense 3: "the week" as in calendar week starting Sunday

"Last week" refers to the previous calendar week. In many dictionaries, "week" when referring to calendar time (like "last week", "this week", "next week") refers to the calendar week.

However, sense 3 specifically mentions "starting on Sunday". Is that the right sense?

Let me reconsider. The sentence says "In a report out last week". This means the report was published/released in the previous week.

In WordNet or similar lexical databases:
- Sense 1: week, hebdomad (any period of seven consecutive days)
- Sense 2: workweek, week (hours or days of work in a calendar week)
- Sense 3: calendar week, week (a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday)

"Last week" would be sense 3 (calendar week) or sense 1 (any 7-day period).

But "last week" in common parlance refers to the calendar week that just passed. However, without knowing the specific lexical resource this comes from, I need to think about which sense fits best.

Actually, looking at the examples:
- Sense 1: "it rained for a week" - this is a duration
- Sense 2: "they worked a 40-hour week" - this is about work schedule
- Sense 3: no example given, but defined as starting on Sunday

"Last week" is referring to a specific time period in the past - the week immediately preceding the current one. This is typically the calendar week.

But here's the thing: in many lexical sense inventories, "last week" uses sense 1 (the general seven-day period) when it's used as an adverbial referring to the recent past, or sense 3 when referring to the specific calendar week.

However, looking at the specific wording:
Sense 1: "any period of seven consecutive days"
Sense 3: "a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday"

"Last week" in news contexts is almost always referring to the calendar week. But is it specifically the one starting on Sunday? That depends on the locale.

Actually, I think I need to look at this more systematically. The phrase "last week" modifies when the report came out. It's a time expression.

In FrameNet or WordNet, "week" in "last week" is typically sense 1 (the general time unit) or sense 3 (the calendar week).

But let's look at the examples again:
- Sense 1 example: "it rained for a week" - this shows a duration
- Sense 3: no example, but specifies starting on Sunday

Wait, "last week" is not a duration in this context - it's a specific time point (or period) in the past. "A report out last week" means the report was published during the previous week.

In many sense distinctions:
- Sense 1 is the basic unit of 7 days
- Sense 3 is the calendar week (which is a specific instance of sense 1, but defined as starting on Sunday)

However, "last week" could be interpreted as either:
1. The 7-day period ending recently (sense 1)
2. The previous calendar week starting on Sunday (sense 3)

Given that sense 3 specifically mentions "starting on Sunday", and "last week" in general English doesn't necessarily assume a Sunday start (though in the US it often does), I need to think about which is the intended answer.

Actually, looking at standard dictionary sense ordering for "week":
1. A period of seven days (general)
2. The period from Sunday to Saturday (or other specific start day) - the calendar week
3. The hours/days worked in a week

But the options given are:
1. any period of seven consecutive days
2. hours or days of work in a calendar week
3. a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday

"Last week" refers to the calendar week immediately preceding the current one. This is sense 3.

But let me double-check. Could it be sense 1?

Sense 1 is "any period of seven consecutive days" - this is usually used when "week" is used with indefinite articles or in duration contexts like "for a week", "a week ago".

Sense 3 is specifically the calendar week starting on Sunday.

In the sentence "last week", this is referring to the specific previous calendar week. In journalistic contexts, "last week" almost always means the previous calendar week.

However, I should consider whether the specific "starting on Sunday" matters. In the US, weeks typically start on Sunday in calendars. So "last week" would be the period from last Sunday to last Saturday.

But actually, looking at the example for sense 1: "it rained for a week" - this is clearly a duration.

The sentence "In a report out last week" is using "week" to denote a specific time period - the previous calendar week.

I think the answer is 3, because "last week" refers to a specific calendar week (the one immediately preceding the current one), and sense 3 is the calendar week sense.

Wait, I want to be careful. Let me think about whether "last week" could be sense 1.

Sense 1: "any period of seven consecutive days"
If I say "last week", am I referring to any 7-day period, or a specific calendar week?

"Last week" is deictic - it refers to the week immediately before the current one. This is typically understood as the calendar week.

But here's a key insight: in many lexical semantic tests, "last week" uses sense 1 when it's used as a time adverbial referring to the recent past, because it's not necessarily strictly the calendar week starting on Sunday - it's the 7-day period before now.

However, sense 3 is very specific about starting on Sunday.

Let me reconsider the source of these senses. This looks like it could be from WordNet:

WordNet 3.1 for "week":
1. week, hebdomad -- (any period of seven consecutive days; "it rained for a week")
2. workweek, week -- (hours or days of work in a calendar week; "they worked a 40-hour week")
3. calendar week, week -- (a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday)

In WordNet, sense 3 is specifically the calendar week starting on Sunday.

Now, "last week" - which sense?

In WordNet, "last week" would be sense 3 (calendar week) or sense 1 (hebdomad).

Looking at usage: "last week" means the calendar week immediately preceding the current week. This is sense 3.

But I want to verify. Consider: "I saw him last week." This means during the previous calendar week. In the US, this would typically mean the period from the previous Sunday to Saturday.

Actually, looking at various corpus linguistics studies, "last week" is usually tagged as sense 1 or sense 3 depending on the specific annotation guidelines.

But given the specific definitions:
- Sense 1 emphasizes "any" period - it's the general sense
- Sense 3 is specific to the calendar week starting Sunday

"Last week" in a news report context ("In a report out last week") is referring to the publication date - the report came out during the previous calendar week. This should be sense 3.

However, I need to be careful. Some might argue that "last week" here just means "in the past 7 days" or "during the previous 7-day period", which would be sense 1.

But the phrase "last week" is typically used to refer to the calendar week. If someone wanted to refer to any 7-day period, they might say "in the past week" or "during the last week".

Actually, "last week" and "the last week" are different:
- "Last week" = the calendar week before this one
- "The last week" = the past 7 days

In the sentence: "In a report out last week" - this uses "last week" not "the last week". This is the calendar week sense.

Therefore, the answer should be 3.

But let me reconsider one more time. Is there any chance it's sense 1?

Sense 1: "any period of seven consecutive days"
The example is: "it rained for a week"

Sense 3: "a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday"

"Last week" is a specific named time interval. It's the name of the week that just passed. This is the calendar week.

I think the answer is 3.

Actually, I want to check one more thing. In some dictionaries, the calendar week is sense 2 or 3, and the general period is sense 1.

Given the options:
1. General 7-day period
2. Work week
3. Calendar week starting Sunday

"Last week" is clearly not sense 2 (work week).

Between sense 1 and sense 3:
- If "last week" means the 7 days before today, it's sense 1.
- If "last week" means the previous calendar week (Sun-Sat or Mon-Sun), it's sense 3.

In standard American English usage, "last week" refers to the previous calendar week. Since sense 3 specifies "starting on Sunday", and that's the standard US calendar convention, sense 3 is the correct answer.

I should go with 3.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[User]
Which numbered sense of "say" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute <t>say</t> that about half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene.

Senses:
1. definition=express in words | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her
2. definition=report or maintain | examples=He alleged that he was the victim of a crime
3. definition=express a supposition | examples=Let us say that he did not tell the truth
4. definition=have or contain a certain wording or form | examples=The passage reads as follows
5. definition=give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority | examples=I said to him to go home
6. definition=speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way | examples=She pronounces French words in a funny way
7. definition=communicate or express nonverbally | examples=What does this painting say?
8. definition=utter aloud | examples=She said `Hello' to everyone in the office
9. definition=state as one's opinion or judgement; declare | examples=I say let's forget this whole business
10. definition=recite or repeat a fixed text | examples=Say grace
11. definition=indicate | examples=The clock says noon

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to identify which numbered sense of "say" is used in the given sentence. Let me analyze the sentence and the definitions.

Sentence: "In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute <t>say</t> that about half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene."

This is a scientific report context. The researchers are stating their findings or conclusions from their study.

Let me look at the options:

1. "express in words" - This is very general. While technically true, it's quite broad.
2. "report or maintain" - This suggests alleging or claiming something, often used with "alleged" examples. The example "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime" suggests this might be for claims that aren't necessarily proven or are being reported as allegations.
3. "express a supposition" - This is hypothetical ("Let us say that...").
4. "have or contain a certain wording or form" - This is about text containing specific words ("The passage reads...").
5. "give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority" - This is commanding ("I said to him to go home").
6. "speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way" - This is about manner of speaking ("She pronounces French words...").
7. "communicate or express nonverbally" - This is about non-verbal communication ("What does this painting say?").
8. "utter aloud" - This is about speaking out loud ("She said `Hello'").
9. "state as one's opinion or judgement; declare" - This is stating a conclusion or opinion ("I say let's forget this whole business").
10. "recite or repeat a fixed text" - This is about ritual recitation ("Say grace").
11. "indicate" - This is about showing/displaying information ("The clock says noon").

In the sentence, researchers are reporting their findings in a scientific report. They are stating their conclusions based on their research. This seems closest to sense 1 (express in words) or sense 9 (state as one's opinion or judgement; declare) or sense 2 (report or maintain).

But let's look more carefully. In scientific contexts, when researchers "say" something in a report, they are typically stating their findings or conclusions.

Sense 2 says "report or maintain" with the example involving "alleged". This often has a connotation of claiming something that might be disputed or is being reported secondhand. But here, it's a direct statement of findings.

Sense 1 is "express in words" - this is the most basic definition.

Sense 9 is "state as one's opinion or judgement; declare" - this seems appropriate for scientific conclusions, though "opinion" might be slightly weak for scientific findings, "judgement" or "declare" fits well.

However, looking at standard dictionary senses (like WordNet or similar), sense 1 is usually the most general "express in words" sense. But in the context of reporting research findings, "say" often means to state or report.

Let me reconsider sense 2: "report or maintain". The example is "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime". This sense often corresponds to claiming or alleging.

But in the sentence, the researchers are not alleging - they are reporting their scientific findings.

Actually, looking at typical word sense disambiguation datasets (like WordNet), the sense "state as one's opinion or judgement; declare" (sense 9) or "express in words" (sense 1) would be candidates.

But wait, looking at the example for sense 9: "I say let's forget this whole business" - this is expressing an opinion or making a proposal.

The example for sense 1: "He said that he wanted to marry her" - this is simply expressing something in words.

In the given sentence, the researchers are stating a fact (or what they believe to be a fact based on their research). This is most similar to sense 1, but could also be sense 9.

However, looking at the specific wording "report or maintain" for sense 2 - in many dictionaries, one sense of "say" is indeed "report" or "state" in the context of conveying information.

Let me think about this more carefully. The sentence structure is: "X say that Y" where Y is a factual claim about their research findings.

In WordNet (which this seems to be based on), the senses are:
1. say (express in words) - "He said that he wanted to marry her"
2. allege, aver, say - report or maintain; "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime"
3. suppose, say - express a supposition; "Let us say that he did not tell the truth"
4. read, say - have or contain a certain wording or form; "The passage reads as follows"
5. order, tell, say - give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority; "I said to him to go home"
6. pronounce, articulate, enounce, sound out, enunciate, say - speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way; "She pronounces French words in a funny way"
7. say - communicate or express nonverbally; "What does this painting say?"
8. say - utter aloud; "She said `Hello' to everyone in the office"
9. say - state as one's opinion or judgement; declare; "I say let's forget this whole business"
10. say - recite or repeat a fixed text; "Say grace"
11. say - indicate; "The clock says noon"

Given this is a scientific report stating findings, and looking at the examples:
- Sense 1 example is about expressing a personal desire/intention.
- Sense 9 example is about expressing an opinion or judgement ("I say let's forget...").
- Sense 2 is about alleging/claiming (often with implication of unproven assertion).

In scientific contexts, "say" usually falls under sense 1 (express in words/stating something) or potentially sense 9 (state as one's opinion or judgement).

But actually, looking at the example for sense 9: "I say let's forget this whole business" - this is hortative/exhortative - expressing a proposal or opinion about what should be done.

The example for sense 1 is more neutral: stating a fact or content.

The sentence in question is stating a scientific finding: "about half the cells... are missing this gene." This is a factual assertion based on research.

Between sense 1 and sense 9, sense 1 seems more appropriate because it's a straightforward statement of findings, not necessarily an "opinion" or "judgement" in the evaluative sense, though scientific conclusions are technically judgements.

However, looking at standard WSD (Word Sense Disambiguation) for similar sentences, when a report or paper "says" something, it's usually sense 1.

But wait, I should look at sense 2 again. "Report or maintain" - the example uses "alleged" but the definition says "report or maintain". In some contexts, "say" in news reporting about what scientists say might be sense 2.

Actually, looking carefully at the example for sense 2: "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime" - this suggests sense 2 is for "allege" type usages.

The sentence is: "In a report... John Minna and colleagues... say that about half the cells..."

This is similar to news reporting: "Scientists say that..."

In many lexical resources, when you have "X says that [proposition]" where X is the subject of a study or report, and the content is their finding, this is typically sense 1 (the general "express in words") or sometimes specifically the "report" sense if distinguished.

But given the options, and looking at the specific definitions:
- Sense 1: express in words (general)
- Sense 2: report or maintain (specifically for reporting claims)
- Sense 9: state as one's opinion or judgement

Scientific findings reported in a paper are usually considered statements of what was found, not opinions (in the sense of personal views), though they are the researchers' conclusions.

I think the best fit is sense 1, as it's the most general and covers stating facts or information in words.

However, I should consider if there's a more specific sense. Sense 9 might be tempting but the example suggests it's for proposals/opinions ("I say let's...").

Sense 2 with "report" might seem appropriate, but the example with "alleged" suggests it's for unsubstantiated claims or legal contexts.

Therefore, sense 1 seems the safest answer.

But let me reconsider. In some dictionaries, "say" when used to introduce a quotation or reported speech in journalism might be a specific sense. But here, the options don't seem to have a specific "report speech" sense separate from sense 1.

Actually, looking at the sentence again: "In a report out last week..." - this establishes that they are reporting their findings.

Sense 2 is "report or maintain". The verb "report" is in the definition. This seems very relevant.

But the example "He alleged that..." suggests this sense is for when "say" means to claim or allege something.

In scientific contexts, are researchers "alleging" or simply "stating/reporting"? They are reporting their findings.

However, looking at WordNet specifically (which this seems to be based on given the format), sense 2 of "say" is:
S: (v) allege, aver, say (report or maintain) "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime"

This sense is specifically for claiming or asserting something, often without proof or as an allegation.

Sense 1 is:
S: (v) state, say, tell (express in words) "He said that he wanted to marry her"

Sense 9 is:
S: (v) say (state as one's opinion or judgement; declare) "I say let's forget this whole business"

Given that the researchers are stating their findings based on evidence, and it's a declarative statement of fact (as they see it), sense 1 is the most appropriate.

But I want to double-check. Is there any chance it's sense 9? Sense 9 seems to be for making proposals or expressing opinions ("I say we go", "I say he's wrong").

The sentence is stating a scientific finding: "about half the cells... are missing this gene." This is an objective claim (or presented as such), not an opinion like "I say we should do X".

Therefore, sense 1 is correct.

Wait, I should check if sense 11 "indicate" applies? No, that's for clocks, signs, etc. showing information.

Sense 7? Nonverbal communication? No, this is verbal (in a report).

Sense 4? "Have or contain a certain wording"? No, that's "the text says...".

So it's between 1, 2, and 9.

Given the example for sense 2 involves "alleged", which has a specific connotation of claiming without proof or in a legal context, and the scientific report is presenting evidence-based findings, sense 2 is less likely.

Between 1 and 9, sense 1 is the broader, more general category for expressing something in words, while sense 9 is specifically for opinions/judgements/proposals. Scientific findings are typically categorized under the general "state/say/tell" (sense 1) rather than the specific "state as opinion" (sense 9), unless emphasizing that it's their interpretation.

Therefore, the answer should be 1.

But I want to verify by searching my internal knowledge of WordNet sense distributions for similar sentences. In standard WSD datasets like SemCor or similar, sentences like "The report says that..." or "Scientists say that..." are typically tagged with the first sense (express in words/state).

For example, "The instructions say to..." might be sense 1 or potentially sense 5 (order), but here it's declarative.

I think 1 is the correct answer.

Actually, looking one more time at sense 9: "state as one's opinion or judgement; declare". Scientific papers do declare their findings. But the example "I say let's forget this whole business" is key - it's about making a suggestion or expressing a view on what should be done, not reporting empirical findings.

So I'll go with 1.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: ModelRun

currency: USD


[User]
Which numbered sense of "about" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that <t>about</t> half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene.

Senses:
1. definition=(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct | examples=lasted approximately an hour
2. definition=all around or on all sides | examples=dirty clothes lying around (or about)
3. definition=in the area or vicinity | examples=a few spectators standing about
4. definition=used of movement to or among many different places or in no particular direction | examples=wandering about with no place to go
5. definition=in or to a reversed position or direction | examples=about face
6. definition=in rotation or succession | examples=turn about is fair play
7. definition=(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but | examples=the job is (just) about done

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to identify which numbered sense of "about" is used in the given sentence.

 Sentence: "In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that <t>about</t> half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene."

 The word "about" here is modifying "half the cells" - it means approximately half, or roughly half.

 Let's look at the senses:
 1. definition=(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct | examples=lasted approximately an hour
 2. definition=all around or on all sides | examples=dirty clothes lying around (or about)
 3. definition=in the area or vicinity | examples=a few spectators standing about
 4. definition=used of movement to or among many different places or in no particular direction | examples=wandering about with no place to go
 5. definition=in or to a reversed position or direction | examples=about face
 6. definition=in rotation or succession | examples=turn about is fair play
 7. definition=(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but | examples=the job is (just) about done

 Sense 1 matches: "(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct" - this fits "about half" meaning approximately half.

 Sense 7 is about actions or states being "all but" accomplished (e.g., "about done"), which is different from quantities.

 So the answer is 1.

provider: Chutes


[User]
Which numbered sense of "cell" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the <t>cells</t> taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene.

Senses:
1. definition=any small compartment | examples=the cells of a honeycomb
2. definition=(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
3. definition=a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction
4. definition=a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement
5. definition=a hand-held mobile radiotelephone for use in an area divided into small sections, each with its own short-range transmitter/receiver
6. definition=small room in which a monk or nun lives
7. definition=a room where a prisoner is kept

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to identify which sense of the word "cell" is used in the given sentence. Let me analyze the sentence and the definitions.

Sentence: "In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the <t>cells</t> taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene."

Key context clues:
- "National Cancer Institute" - this is a medical/biological research institution
- "lung cancer tissue" - this is biological tissue
- "missing this gene" - genes are biological units found in living organisms
- The cells are taken from "lung cancer tissue"

Now let's look at the definitions:

1. "any small compartment" - examples mention honeycomb. This is a structural/geometric sense.
2. "(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms..." - This is the biological definition. It mentions organisms, life, colonies, tissues.
3. "a device that delivers an electric current..." - This is a battery/electrochemical cell.
4. "a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement" - This is a political cell (like terrorist cell or revolutionary cell).
5. "a hand-held mobile radiotelephone..." - This is a cell phone.
6. "small room in which a monk or nun lives" - This is a monastic cell.
7. "a room where a prisoner is kept" - This is a prison cell.

Given the context of "lung cancer tissue," "National Cancer Institute," and "gene," this is clearly referring to biological cells - the basic units of life. This matches definition 2.

Definition 2 specifically mentions: "(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms" and mentions they "may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals." The sentence mentions "tissue," which aligns perfectly with definition 2.

Therefore, the answer is 2.

provider: AtlasCloud


[User]
Which numbered sense of "take" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells <t>taken</t> from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene.

Senses:
1. definition=carry out | examples=take action
2. definition=require (time or space) | examples=It took three hours to get to work this morning
3. definition=take somebody somewhere | examples=We lead him to our chief
4. definition=get into one's hands, take physically | examples=Take a cookie!
5. definition=take on a certain form, attribute, or aspect | examples=His voice took on a sad tone
6. definition=interpret something in a certain way; convey a particular meaning or impression | examples=I read this address as a satire
7. definition=take something or somebody with oneself somewhere | examples=Bring me the box from the other room
8. definition=take into one's possession | examples=We are taking an orphan from Romania
9. definition=travel or go by means of a certain kind of transportation, or a certain route | examples=He takes the bus to work
10. definition=pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives | examples=Take any one of these cards
11. definition=receive willingly something given or offered | examples=The only girl who would have him was the miller's daughter
12. definition=assume, as of positions or roles | examples=She took the job as director of development
13. definition=take into consideration for exemplifying purposes | examples=Take the case of China
14. definition=require as useful, just, or proper | examples=It takes nerve to do what she did
15. definition=experience or feel or submit to | examples=Take a test
16. definition=make a film or photograph of something | examples=take a scene
17. definition=remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract | examples=remove a threat
18. definition=serve oneself to, or consume regularly | examples=Have another bowl of chicken soup!
19. definition=accept or undergo, often unwillingly | examples=We took a pay cut
20. definition=make use of or accept for some purpose | examples=take a risk
21. definition=take by force | examples=Hitler took the Baltic Republics
22. definition=occupy or take on | examples=He assumes the lotus position
23. definition=admit into a group or community | examples=accept students for graduate study
24. definition=ascertain or determine by measuring, computing or take a reading from a dial | examples=take a pulse
25. definition=be a student of a certain subject | examples=She is reading for the bar exam
26. definition=take as an undesirable consequence of some event or state of affairs | examples=the accident claimed three lives
27. definition=head into a specified direction | examples=The escaped convict took to the hills
28. definition=point or cause to go (blows, weapons, or objects such as photographic equipment) towards | examples=Please don't aim at your little brother!
29. definition=be seized or affected in a specified way | examples=take sick
30. definition=have with oneself; have on one's person | examples=She always takes an umbrella
31. definition=engage for service under a term of contract | examples=We took an apartment on a quiet street
32. definition=receive or obtain regularly | examples=We take the Times every day
33. definition=buy, select | examples=I'll take a pound of that sausage
34. definition=to get into a position of having, e.g., safety, comfort | examples=take shelter from the storm
35. definition=have sex with; archaic use | examples=He had taken this woman when she was most vulnerable
36. definition=lay claim to; as of an idea | examples=She took credit for the whole idea
37. definition=be designed to hold or take | examples=This surface will not take the dye
38. definition=be capable of holding or containing | examples=This box won't take all the items
39. definition=develop a habit | examples=He took to visiting bars
40. definition=proceed along in a vehicle | examples=We drive the turnpike to work
41. definition=obtain by winning | examples=Winner takes all
42. definition=be stricken by an illness, fall victim to an illness | examples=He got AIDS

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to identify which numbered sense of "take" is used in the given sentence. The target word is marked with <t></t> tags.

Sentence: "In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells <t>taken</t> from lung cancer tissue they tested are missing this gene."

The word "taken" here is used in the context of cells being removed/extracted from lung cancer tissue. Let me look at the senses:

1. carry out - no
2. require (time or space) - no
3. take somebody somewhere - no
4. get into one's hands, take physically - maybe, but more specific?
5. take on a certain form - no
6. interpret - no
7. take something or somebody with oneself somewhere - no
8. take into one's possession - maybe, but not quite
9. travel or go - no
10. pick out, select - no
11. receive willingly - no
12. assume, as of positions - no
13. take into consideration - no
14. require - no
15. experience or feel - no
16. make a film or photograph - no
17. remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract - examples: remove a threat. This seems close. "taken from" means removed from.
18. serve oneself to, consume - no
19. accept or undergo - no
20. make use of or accept - no
21. take by force - no
22. occupy or take on - no
23. admit into a group - no
24. ascertain or determine - no
25. be a student - no
26. take as an undesirable consequence - no
27. head into a specified direction - no
28. point or cause to go - no
29. be seized or affected - no
30. have with oneself - no
31. engage for service - no
32. receive or obtain regularly - no
33. buy, select - no
34. to get into a position of having - no
35. have sex with - no
36. lay claim to - no
37. be designed to hold or take - no
38. be capable of holding - no
39. develop a habit - no
40. proceed along in a vehicle - no
41. obtain by winning - no
42. be stricken by an illness - no

Sense 17: "remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract | examples=remove a threat"

Wait, the example is "remove a threat" but the definition says "remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract". The word "taken" in the sentence means extracted/removed from the tissue. This fits sense 17.

Let me double-check other possible senses.

Sense 4: "get into one's hands, take physically | examples=Take a cookie!" - This is about grasping. But "taken from tissue" implies removal/extraction.

Sense 8: "take into one's possession | examples=We are taking an orphan from Romania" - This is about possession. The cells are being taken (removed) from the tissue for testing. But the emphasis in the sentence is on removal from the tissue, not possession.

Sense 17 explicitly mentions "remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off". The cells are removed/extracted from the tissue. This is the best fit.

Actually, looking at sense 17 again: "remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract | examples=remove a threat". The definition uses "remove" and the example uses "remove". This seems to be the sense for "take" meaning to remove.

In medical/scientific contexts, "taken from" means extracted or removed from. So sense 17 is correct.

Wait, let me reconsider sense 4: "get into one's hands, take physically". If you take a cookie, you remove it from the plate. But sense 17 is more specifically about removal.

Actually, looking at standard WordNet senses (which this seems to be based on), sense 17 corresponds to "remove, take, take away, withdraw". The definition given here is "remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract". Yes, that's the one.

So the answer should be 17.

provider: SiliconFlow


[User]
Which numbered sense of "tissue" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells taken from lung cancer <t>tissue</t> they tested are missing this gene.

Senses:
1. definition=part of an organism consisting of an aggregate of cells having a similar structure and function
2. definition=a soft thin (usually translucent) paper

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to identify which sense of the word "tissue" is used in the given sentence. The word is marked with <t></t> tags in the sentence.

 Let me analyze the sentence:
 "In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells taken from lung cancer <t>tissue</t> they tested are missing this gene."

 The context is about:
 - Lung cancer
 - Cells taken from something
 - National Cancer Institute
 - Medical/biological research context

 Now let's look at the senses:
 1. definition=part of an organism consisting of an aggregate of cells having a similar structure and function
 2. definition=a soft thin (usually translucent) paper

 Sense 1 refers to biological tissue - groups of cells that make up parts of organisms. This fits the context of lung cancer research, where scientists are studying cells from biological tissue samples.

 Sense 2 refers to tissue paper (like Kleenex or wrapping tissue). This doesn't fit the context of lung cancer research and cells being tested.

 The sentence is talking about lung cancer tissue in a medical/scientific context, so it must be sense 1.

 The answer should be: 1

provider: Moonshot AI


[User]
Which numbered sense of "test" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they <t>tested</t> are missing this gene.

Senses:
1. definition=put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to | examples=This approach has been tried with good results
2. definition=test or examine for the presence of disease or infection | examples=screen the blood for the HIV virus
3. definition=examine someone's knowledge of something | examples=The teacher tests us every week
4. definition=show a certain characteristic when tested | examples=He tested positive for HIV
5. definition=achieve a certain score or rating on a test | examples=She tested high on the LSAT and was admitted to all the good law schools
6. definition=determine the presence or properties of (a substance)
7. definition=undergo a test | examples=She doesn't test well

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to identify which numbered sense of "test" is used in the given sentence. Let me analyze the sentence and the definitions.

Sentence: "In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they <t>tested</t> are missing this gene."

The word "tested" here refers to what they did to the cells taken from lung cancer tissue. They examined the cells to determine something about them (specifically, whether they had a certain gene).

Let me look at each sense:

1. "put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to" - This is more about trying something out or experimenting with it in a general sense. The example "This approach has been tried with good results" suggests this is about trying methods or approaches.

2. "test or examine for the presence of disease or infection" - The example is "screen the blood for the HIV virus". This is about medical testing for diseases. The sentence is about testing cells from lung cancer tissue, but they're not necessarily testing FOR the cancer (they already know it's cancer tissue). They're testing the cells to see if they have a specific gene.

3. "examine someone's knowledge of something" - This is clearly about academic testing, not applicable here.

4. "show a certain characteristic when tested" - The example is "He tested positive for HIV". This is about the result of a test, not the action of testing. In the sentence, "tested" is the action performed on the cells.

5. "achieve a certain score or rating on a test" - This is about getting scores, not applicable to testing cells.

6. "determine the presence or properties of (a substance)" - This seems to fit. They tested the cells to determine the presence or properties of something (specifically, whether the gene was present or missing).

7. "undergo a test" - The example is "She doesn't test well". This is about the subject undergoing the test. In the sentence, the cells are being tested by the researchers, so the researchers are performing the test, not undergoing it. Wait, actually "they tested" - the subject is the researchers (John Minna and colleagues), and the object is the cells. So the cells are undergoing the test. But sense 7 says "undergo a test" with the example "She doesn't test well" - this is intransitive usage. In the sentence, "tested" is transitive - they tested the cells.

Let me reconsider sense 6: "determine the presence or properties of (a substance)". The cells are being tested to determine properties (whether they have the gene). This fits well.

Sense 2 is "test or examine for the presence of disease or infection". While this is medical, the specific context is that they're examining cells from cancer tissue to see if they have a specific gene. It's more about analyzing the properties of the cells (genetic analysis) rather than screening for disease.

Actually, looking more carefully at sense 6: "determine the presence or properties of (a substance)". The cells could be considered a substance, and they're determining the presence of a gene (or the property of missing the gene).

Sense 2 is specifically about testing FOR disease or infection. Here, they already have cancer tissue. They're testing the cells to see if they have a specific genetic characteristic.

Sense 6 seems like the best fit. But let me double-check if there's a better match.

Sense 1: "put to the test, as for its quality" - this is more general experimentation.
Sense 2: screening for disease.
Sense 6: determining presence or properties of a substance.

In scientific contexts, when researchers test biological samples to determine genetic characteristics, they are determining the properties or presence of something in those samples.

Actually, looking at the example for sense 2: "screen the blood for the HIV virus" - this is testing biological material for a specific agent.

But in the sentence, they're testing cells to see if they are missing a gene. This is analyzing the properties of the cells.

Sense 6 is the most accurate: "determine the presence or properties of (a substance)".

Wait, I should check if sense 2 could apply. They are examining the cells. But sense 2 specifically mentions "for the presence of disease or infection". While cancer is a disease, the testing here is not to determine if the cells have cancer (they already came from cancer tissue), but to determine if they have a specific gene.

Sense 6 is the general scientific sense of testing to determine properties or presence of something.

Actually, looking at the word "tested" in context: "cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested" - the researchers performed tests on the cells to analyze them.

Sense 6: "determine the presence or properties of (a substance)" - this matches perfectly. They determined the property of the cells (whether they had the gene or not).

I think the answer is 6.

But let me reconsider sense 2 one more time. Could this be considered testing for the presence of disease? The cells are from cancer tissue. But the test is about a gene, not about the disease itself. The sentence says they are missing "this gene" - implying a specific gene is being discussed. This is genetic testing to determine properties of the cells.

Sense 6 is the correct answer.

provider: DeepInfra


[User]
Which numbered sense of "miss" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are <t>missing</t> this gene.

Senses:
1. definition=fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind | examples=I missed that remark
2. definition=feel or suffer from the lack of | examples=He misses his mother
3. definition=fail to attend an event or activity | examples=I missed the concert
4. definition=leave undone or leave out | examples=How could I miss that typo?
5. definition=fail to reach or get to | examples=She missed her train
6. definition=be without | examples=This soup lacks salt
7. definition=fail to reach | examples=The arrow missed the target
8. definition=be absent | examples=The child had been missing for a week
9. definition=fail to experience | examples=Fortunately, I missed the hurricane

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to identify which numbered sense of "miss" is used in the given sentence. The word in question is "missing" (marked with <t></t> tags).

 Let me analyze the sentence:
 "In a report out last week, John Minna and colleagues at the National Cancer Institute say that about half the cells taken from lung cancer tissue they tested are <t>missing</t> this gene."

 The sentence is saying that the cells do not have this gene - they are without this gene.

 Now let me look at the senses:
 1. fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind - This is about not noticing something. Not applicable here.
 2. feel or suffer from the lack of - This is about emotional longing. Not applicable here.
 3. fail to attend an event or activity - This is about not going somewhere. Not applicable here.
 4. leave undone or leave out - This is about omitting something. Could be close, but "missing" here describes a state of being, not an action of leaving out.
 5. fail to reach or get to - This is about not arriving at a destination. Not applicable.
 6. be without - This means to lack something. "This soup lacks salt" - the soup is without salt. This seems to fit: the cells are without this gene.
 7. fail to reach - This is about not hitting a target. Not applicable.
 8. be absent - "The child had been missing for a week" - this describes the state of being absent or not present. This could also fit: the gene is absent from the cells.
 9. fail to experience - This is about not undergoing something. Not applicable.

 Now I need to decide between sense 6 and sense 8.

 Sense 6: "be without" - examples: "This soup lacks salt"
 Sense 8: "be absent" - examples: "The child had been missing for a week"

 In the sentence "the cells... are missing this gene", the cells are without the gene. The gene is absent from the cells.

 Actually, looking at sense 8: "be absent" with the example "The child had been missing for a week" - here "missing" means the child is absent (not present).

 In our sentence, "the cells are missing this gene" - this could mean:
 1. The cells lack this gene (sense 6)
 2. The gene is absent from the cells (sense 8)

 But sense 8 is defined as "be absent" and the example is "The child had been missing for a week" - where the subject (child) is the one that is absent.

 In "the cells are missing this gene", the cells are the subject, and they are missing (lacking) the gene. The gene is the object.

 Wait, let me look at sense 6 again: "be without" with example "This soup lacks salt". The pattern is: [subject] lacks [object] = [subject] is without [object].

 In our sentence: [cells] are missing [gene] = [cells] are without [gene].

 Sense 8: "be absent" with example "The child had been missing for a week". Here the child is absent (not present).

 Actually, looking at the example for sense 8: "The child had been missing for a week" - this means the child was not present (was absent).

 In our sentence, "the cells are missing this gene" - the cells are not absent; rather, the gene is absent from the cells. Or the cells lack the gene.

 But wait, "missing" can be used transitively or intransitively.

 Transitive: "I am missing my keys" = I don't have my keys (they are lost or not present with me)
 Intransitive: "The child is missing" = The child is absent/not present

 In "the cells are missing this gene", "missing" is being used transitively with "this gene" as the object. The cells lack the gene.

 Sense 6: "be without" - this fits perfectly. The cells are without this gene.

 Sense 8: "be absent" - this would fit if the sentence was "this gene is missing from the cells" or "the cells are missing" (meaning the cells are absent). But the sentence is "the cells are missing this gene" - so the cells are the ones that don't have the gene.

 Actually, looking at the definition of sense 8: "be absent". The example shows "The child had been missing for a week" where the child is the one who is absent.

 If we say "the cells are missing this gene", we don't mean the cells are absent. We mean the gene is absent from the cells, or the cells lack the gene.

 So sense 6 "be without" is the correct answer.

 Let me double-check the other senses to make sure.

 Sense 4: "leave undone or leave out" - example: "How could I miss that typo?" This is about failing to notice or include. But in our sentence, it's not that someone left out the gene; it's that the gene is naturally absent or has been lost. The cells are in a state of being without the gene.

 Sense 6 is definitely the best fit: "be without" - the cells are without this gene.

 Actually, looking at WordNet or similar lexical databases, "miss" can mean "be without" or "lack".

 Sense 8 "be absent" is more about the state of being lost or not present (like a missing person).

 So the answer should be 6.

 Wait, let me reconsider sense 8. Could "missing" in "the cells are missing this gene" be interpreted as "the gene is absent"?

 In "the cells are missing this gene", the grammatical subject is "cells", and "missing" is the predicate. The cells are the ones that miss (lack) the gene.

 In "the child is missing", the child is the one who is absent.

 These are different constructions. In one, the subject lacks the object. In the other, the subject is absent.

 Sense 6: "be without" - This is a transitive use where the subject lacks the object.
 Sense 8: "be absent" - This is an intransitive use where the subject is not present.

 Therefore, sense 6 is correct.

 The answer is 6.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "report" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: There also are <t>reports</t> from several labs, as yet unpublished, of missing p53 genes in tissue taken from kidney, brain and skin cancers.

Senses:
1. definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | examples=this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
2. definition=the act of informing by verbal report | examples=he heard reports that they were causing trouble
3. definition=a short account of the news | examples=the report of his speech
4. definition=a sharp explosive sound (especially the sound of a gun firing) | examples=they heard a violent report followed by silence
5. definition=a written evaluation of a student's scholarship and deportment | examples=his father signed his report card
6. definition=an essay (especially one written as an assignment) | examples=he got an A on his composition
7. definition=the general estimation that the public has for a person | examples=he acquired a reputation as an actor before he started writing

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to identify which numbered sense of "report" is used in the given sentence. Let me analyze the sentence and the definitions.

Sentence: "There also are <t>reports</t> from several labs, as yet unpublished, of missing p53 genes in tissue taken from kidney, brain and skin cancers."

The word "reports" here refers to findings or accounts from labs that are unpublished. Let's look at the options:

1. "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group" - This could fit. The reports from labs about missing p53 genes would be written documents describing findings.

2. "the act of informing by verbal report" - This is about the act of informing, not the documents themselves. The sentence says "there are reports" which suggests physical or tangible things, not the act of informing.

3. "a short account of the news" - This is about news reports. While the sentence mentions unpublished findings, these are scientific reports, not necessarily news accounts.

4. "a sharp explosive sound" - Definitely not relevant here.

5. "a written evaluation of a student's scholarship and deportment" - This is about school report cards, not relevant.

6. "an essay (especially one written as an assignment)" - This is more about student compositions, not lab reports.

7. "the general estimation that the public has for a person" - This is about reputation, not relevant.

Now, looking more carefully at sense 1 and sense 2:

Sense 1: "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group" - examples: "this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale"

Sense 2: "the act of informing by verbal report" - examples: "he heard reports that they were causing trouble"

In the sentence, "There also are reports from several labs" - this suggests written documents or accounts of findings. The phrase "as yet unpublished" strongly suggests these are written documents that haven't been published yet.

Sense 2 emphasizes the "act of informing" and "verbal report," but the context here involves labs and unpublished findings, which strongly points to written scientific reports.

However, looking at sense 1's example: "this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale" - this suggests scientific studies or findings.

Sense 2's example: "he heard reports that they were causing trouble" - this suggests rumors or verbal accounts.

In the given sentence, "reports from several labs, as yet unpublished" - these are scientific reports or papers describing findings.

Let me double-check the distinction. Sense 1 is about written documents with findings. Sense 2 is about the act of informing verbally.

The sentence mentions "from several labs" and "unpublished" - these are written research reports. So sense 1 seems correct.

Wait, let me reconsider sense 3: "a short account of the news." The example is "the report of his speech." This could be a news report.

But in scientific context, "reports" usually refers to scientific papers or findings documented in writing.

Looking at the example for sense 1: "this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale" - this is clearly referring to a scientific study/document.

The sentence mentions "missing p53 genes in tissue taken from kidney, brain and skin cancers" - this is scientific research findings.

Therefore, sense 1 is the correct answer: "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group."

But wait, looking at sense 2 again: "the act of informing by verbal report" - example: "he heard reports that they were causing trouble."

In the sentence, are these verbal or written? The phrase "as yet unpublished" indicates they are written documents (papers, studies) that haven't been published yet. "Unpublished" typically refers to written works that haven't been published.

Also, "from several labs" suggests formal research reports.

So I think the answer is 1.

But let me double-check if sense 2 could fit. Sense 2 is about the act of informing. You wouldn't say "there are acts of informing from several labs" in this context. You would say "there are reports" meaning documents.

Therefore, the answer is 1.

provider: StreamLake


[User]
Which numbered sense of "yet" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: There also are reports from several labs, as <t>yet</t> unpublished, of missing p53 genes in tissue taken from kidney, brain and skin cancers.

Senses:
1. definition=up to the present time | examples=I have yet to see the results
2. definition=used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time | examples=So far he hasn't called
3. definition=to a greater degree or extent; used with comparisons | examples=looked sick and felt even worse
4. definition=within an indefinite time or at an unspecified future time | examples=he longed for the flowers that were yet to show themselves
5. definition=used after a superlative | examples=this is the best so far
6. definition=despite anything to the contrary (usually following a concession) | examples=although I'm a little afraid, however I'd like to try it

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to identify which numbered sense of "yet" is used in the given sentence.

Sentence: "There also are reports from several labs, as <t>yet</t> unpublished, of missing p53 genes in tissue taken from kidney, brain and skin cancers."

Let me analyze the sentence:
- "as yet unpublished" means "up to now unpublished" or "so far unpublished"
- This is describing a situation that has existed up to the present time
- The context is about reports that exist but have not been published up to now

Looking at the senses:
1. "up to the present time" - I have yet to see the results
2. "used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time" - So far he hasn't called
3. "to a greater degree or extent" - comparative
4. "within an indefinite time" - future time
5. "used after a superlative" - best so far
6. "despite anything to the contrary" - concession/contrast

The phrase "as yet unpublished" is a negative statement (unpublished = not published). It describes a situation (the reports being unpublished) that has existed up to the present time.

Sense 2 mentions "used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time". The example "So far he hasn't called" matches the pattern of "as yet unpublished" - both describe something that hasn't happened up to now.

Sense 1 is "up to the present time" but doesn't specifically mention the negative aspect, though it could work. However, "as yet" is often used in negative contexts or with negatives like "unpublished".

Let me look closer:
- Sense 1: "I have yet to see the results" - this is similar to "the reports are as yet unpublished"
- Sense 2: "So far he hasn't called" - this is about a negative situation continuing up to now

Actually, looking at the examples:
- Sense 1 example: "I have yet to see the results" - implies "I haven't seen the results yet"
- Sense 2 example: "So far he hasn't called" - explicitly negative statement

The phrase "as yet unpublished" contains the negative "unpublished". So it's describing a situation (being unpublished) that has existed up to the present.

Sense 2 specifically mentions "used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point". This fits perfectly because:
1. "unpublished" is negative (not published)
2. "as yet" = up to this point/present time

Sense 1 is more general "up to the present time" without the specific negative constraint.

However, looking at standard dictionary definitions:
- "as yet" is an idiom meaning "up until the present or a specified or implied time; by now or then" (Oxford)
- It is often used with negatives: "as yet unclassified", "as yet unknown"

Sense 2 seems to be the best fit because:
- The sentence contains a negative state (unpublished)
- It describes this state existing up to the present time
- The phrase "as yet" + adjective/negative participle is classic sense 2 usage

Wait, let me reconsider the exact wording of the senses:

Sense 1: "up to the present time" | examples="I have yet to see the results"
Sense 2: "used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time" | examples="So far he hasn't called"

In the example for sense 1: "I have yet to see the results" - this is actually a negative meaning too (have not seen). But the definition doesn't specify negative.

Actually, looking at standard WordNet or similar sense inventories:
- Sense 1 might be: up to now, still
- Sense 2 might be: so far, thus far

But the key distinction here seems to be:
- Sense 1: General "up to present"
- Sense 2: Specifically in negative statements

The sentence has "unpublished" which is negative. The phrase "as yet unpublished" means "so far unpublished" or "unpublished up to now".

Given the options, sense 2 is most appropriate because it explicitly mentions "used in negative statement", and "unpublished" is a negative statement (not published).

Sense 1 could also work, but sense 2 is more specific and accurate given the negative context.

Let me double-check: "as yet" + negative adjective/participle is a very common construction meaning "still not" or "up to now not". This aligns with sense 2.

Actually, looking at the example for sense 1 again: "I have yet to see the results" - this is also a negative context (have not seen).

But sense 2's definition explicitly mentions "used in negative statement", which is the defining characteristic here.

I think the answer is 2.

Wait, I should also consider if it could be sense 4: "within an indefinite time or at an unspecified future time" - "he longed for the flowers that were yet to show themselves". No, that's about future, not about present state continuing.

Sense 5: superlative - no superlative here.

Sense 6: concession - not a "despite" meaning.

Sense 3: comparative - no comparison with "even" or similar.

So it's between 1 and 2.

The phrase "as yet" is functioning as "so far" or "up to now" modifying "unpublished".

In many lexical databases:
- "yet" in "as yet" is often sense 1 (time sense)
- But the specific use with negatives might be sense 2

Given the precise wording:
Sense 2: "used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time"

The situation is "being unpublished" (negative), and it has existed up to the present time (the reports exist but are still not published).

This matches sense 2 perfectly.

Sense 1 is more general and doesn't capture the negative aspect which is central to the usage here.

Therefore, the answer should be 2.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "tissue" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: There also are reports from several labs, as yet unpublished, of missing p53 genes in <t>tissue</t> taken from kidney, brain and skin cancers.

Senses:
1. definition=part of an organism consisting of an aggregate of cells having a similar structure and function
2. definition=a soft thin (usually translucent) paper

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to identify which sense of the word "tissue" is used in the given sentence. The sentence is: "There also are reports from several labs, as yet unpublished, of missing p53 genes in <t>tissue</t> taken from kidney, brain and skin cancers."

The two senses provided are:
1. definition=part of an organism consisting of an aggregate of cells having a similar structure and function
2. definition=a soft thin (usually translucent) paper

Let me analyze the context:
- The sentence mentions "tissue taken from kidney, brain and skin cancers"
- This is clearly referring to biological tissue - samples from organs/body parts
- The mention of "p53 genes" and "cancers" indicates a biological/medical context
- p53 is a well-known tumor suppressor gene in biology
- Kidney, brain, and skin are organs, and the tissue from these organs would be biological tissue (aggregate of cells)

Sense 1 refers to biological tissue (cells in an organism).
Sense 2 refers to paper tissue (like Kleenex or toilet paper).

Given the context of genes, cancers, kidney, brain, and skin, this is clearly sense 1.

The answer should be just the number: 1


[User]
Which numbered sense of "take" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: There also are reports from several labs, as yet unpublished, of missing p53 genes in tissue <t>taken</t> from kidney, brain and skin cancers.

Senses:
1. definition=carry out | examples=take action
2. definition=require (time or space) | examples=It took three hours to get to work this morning
3. definition=take somebody somewhere | examples=We lead him to our chief
4. definition=get into one's hands, take physically | examples=Take a cookie!
5. definition=take on a certain form, attribute, or aspect | examples=His voice took on a sad tone
6. definition=interpret something in a certain way; convey a particular meaning or impression | examples=I read this address as a satire
7. definition=take something or somebody with oneself somewhere | examples=Bring me the box from the other room
8. definition=take into one's possession | examples=We are taking an orphan from Romania
9. definition=travel or go by means of a certain kind of transportation, or a certain route | examples=He takes the bus to work
10. definition=pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives | examples=Take any one of these cards
11. definition=receive willingly something given or offered | examples=The only girl who would have him was the miller's daughter
12. definition=assume, as of positions or roles | examples=She took the job as director of development
13. definition=take into consideration for exemplifying purposes | examples=Take the case of China
14. definition=require as useful, just, or proper | examples=It takes nerve to do what she did
15. definition=experience or feel or submit to | examples=Take a test
16. definition=make a film or photograph of something | examples=take a scene
17. definition=remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract | examples=remove a threat
18. definition=serve oneself to, or consume regularly | examples=Have another bowl of chicken soup!
19. definition=accept or undergo, often unwillingly | examples=We took a pay cut
20. definition=make use of or accept for some purpose | examples=take a risk
21. definition=take by force | examples=Hitler took the Baltic Republics
22. definition=occupy or take on | examples=He assumes the lotus position
23. definition=admit into a group or community | examples=accept students for graduate study
24. definition=ascertain or determine by measuring, computing or take a reading from a dial | examples=take a pulse
25. definition=be a student of a certain subject | examples=She is reading for the bar exam
26. definition=take as an undesirable consequence of some event or state of affairs | examples=the accident claimed three lives
27. definition=head into a specified direction | examples=The escaped convict took to the hills
28. definition=point or cause to go (blows, weapons, or objects such as photographic equipment) towards | examples=Please don't aim at your little brother!
29. definition=be seized or affected in a specified way | examples=take sick
30. definition=have with oneself; have on one's person | examples=She always takes an umbrella
31. definition=engage for service under a term of contract | examples=We took an apartment on a quiet street
32. definition=receive or obtain regularly | examples=We take the Times every day
33. definition=buy, select | examples=I'll take a pound of that sausage
34. definition=to get into a position of having, e.g., safety, comfort | examples=take shelter from the storm
35. definition=have sex with; archaic use | examples=He had taken this woman when she was most vulnerable
36. definition=lay claim to; as of an idea | examples=She took credit for the whole idea
37. definition=be designed to hold or take | examples=This surface will not take the dye
38. definition=be capable of holding or containing | examples=This box won't take all the items
39. definition=develop a habit | examples=He took to visiting bars
40. definition=proceed along in a vehicle | examples=We drive the turnpike to work
41. definition=obtain by winning | examples=Winner takes all
42. definition=be stricken by an illness, fall victim to an illness | examples=He got AIDS

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to identify which numbered sense of "take" is used in the sentence: "There also are reports from several labs, as yet unpublished, of missing p53 genes in tissue <t>taken</t> from kidney, brain and skin cancers."

Let me analyze the sentence structure:
- The word "taken" is used in the passive voice past participle form
- It's describing tissue that was "taken" from various cancers (kidney, brain, skin)
- The context is medical/scientific - referring to tissue samples removed from patients/bodies for examination

Now let's look at the definitions:

1. carry out - doesn't fit
2. require (time or space) - doesn't fit
3. take somebody somewhere - doesn't fit
4. get into one's hands, take physically - could fit, but let's see others
5. take on a certain form - doesn't fit
6. interpret something - doesn't fit
7. take something or somebody with oneself somewhere - implies moving something to a new location, not exactly right
8. take into one's possession - could fit, but usually implies ownership
9. travel or go by means of - doesn't fit
10. pick out, select - doesn't fit
11. receive willingly - doesn't fit
12. assume, as of positions or roles - doesn't fit
13. take into consideration - doesn't fit
14. require as useful - doesn't fit
15. experience or feel - doesn't fit
16. make a film or photograph - doesn't fit
17. remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract - This seems promising. "Tissue taken from..." implies removal/extraction.
18. serve oneself to, or consume - doesn't fit
19. accept or undergo - doesn't fit
20. make use of or accept - doesn't fit
21. take by force - doesn't fit, though "take" can mean capture, this is medical sampling
22. occupy or take on - doesn't fit
23. admit into a group - doesn't fit
24. ascertain or determine by measuring - doesn't fit
25. be a student of - doesn't fit
26. take as an undesirable consequence - doesn't fit
27. head into a specified direction - doesn't fit
28. point or cause to go - doesn't fit
29. be seized or affected - doesn't fit
30. have with oneself - doesn't fit
31. engage for service - doesn't fit
32. receive or obtain regularly - doesn't fit
33. buy, select - doesn't fit
34. to get into a position of having - doesn't fit exactly
35. have sex with - doesn't fit
36. lay claim to - doesn't fit
37. be designed to hold or take - doesn't fit
38. be capable of holding - doesn't fit
39. develop a habit - doesn't fit
40. proceed along in a vehicle - doesn't fit
41. obtain by winning - doesn't fit
42. be stricken by an illness - doesn't fit

Looking closely at definition 17: "remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract | examples=remove a threat"

The phrase "tissue taken from" strongly suggests the physical removal of tissue (biopsy or surgical removal) from the body. This aligns with definition 17's focus on removing something concrete.

Definition 4 ("get into one's hands, take physically") is close, but implies grasping/holding rather than removing/extracting from a source. In medical contexts, when we say "tissue taken from," we mean tissue that was removed/extracted from the body.

Definition 8 ("take into one's possession") is about acquiring ownership, which isn't quite right either.

Definition 17 specifically mentions "remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off" which matches the medical procedure of taking tissue samples from organs/cancers.

Wait, let me reconsider definition 4: "get into one's hands, take physically | examples=Take a cookie!" - This is about grasping.

Definition 17: "remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract | examples=remove a threat" - This is about removal.

In the sentence "tissue taken from kidney, brain and skin cancers," the tissue is being removed/extracted from these cancers/organs. So definition 17 seems correct.

But wait, I should also consider if there's a definition specifically about medical samples or biopsies. Looking through the list...

Actually, looking at definition 24: "ascertain or determine by measuring, computing or take a reading from a dial | examples=take a pulse" - this involves medical procedures but "take a pulse" is different from "take tissue."

Definition 17 is the best fit because "taken from" implies removal from a source.

Let me double-check if there's any other possibility.

Definition 7: "take something or somebody with oneself somewhere" - implies transport, not just removal.
Definition 8: "take into one's possession" - implies acquiring ownership, but the focus in the sentence is on the source (from kidney, brain...), not on possession.

Definition 17 explicitly mentions "remove something concrete" which perfectly describes taking a tissue sample from a body.

Therefore, the answer should be 17.

provider: DigitalOcean


[User]
Which numbered sense of "brain" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: There also are reports from several labs, as yet unpublished, of missing p53 genes in tissue taken from kidney, <t>brain</t> and skin cancers.

Senses:
1. definition=that part of the central nervous system that includes all the higher nervous centers; enclosed within the skull; continuous with the spinal cord
2. definition=mental ability | examples=he's got plenty of brains but no common sense
3. definition=that which is responsible for one's thoughts and feelings; the seat of the faculty of reason | examples=his mind wandered
4. definition=someone who has exceptional intellectual ability and originality | examples=Mozart was a child genius
5. definition=the brain of certain animals used as meat

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to identify which numbered sense of "brain" is used in the given sentence.

Sentence: "There also are reports from several labs, as yet unpublished, of missing p53 genes in tissue taken from kidney, <t>brain</t> and skin cancers."

The sentence is talking about tissue taken from different types of cancers: kidney cancer, brain cancer, and skin cancer. So "brain" here refers to the physical organ, specifically in the context of cancer (brain cancer).

Let me look at the senses:

1. definition=that part of the central nervous system that includes all the higher nervous centers; enclosed within the skull; continuous with the spinal cord
   - This refers to the physical organ, the anatomical structure.

2. definition=mental ability | examples=he's got plenty of brains but no common sense
   - This is metaphorical, referring to intelligence.

3. definition=that which is responsible for one's thoughts and feelings; the seat of the faculty of reason | examples=his mind wandered
   - This refers to the mind or consciousness, not the physical organ.

4. definition=someone who has exceptional intellectual ability and originality | examples=Mozart was a child genius
   - This refers to a person (a genius).

5. definition=the brain of certain animals used as meat
   - This refers to brain as food.

In the sentence, "brain" is used in the context of "brain cancers" - meaning cancer of the brain organ. So it's referring to the physical organ defined in sense 1.

Therefore, the answer is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "at_the_same_time" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: <t>At the same time</t>, the Johns Hopkins team and others are rushing to pinpoint other tumor-suppressor genes.

Senses:
1. definition=at the same instant | examples=they spoke simultaneously
2. definition=overlapping in duration | examples=concurrently with the conference an exhibition of things associated with Rutherford was held

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to identify which sense of "at_the_same_time" is used in the given sentence. The sentence is: "At the same time, the Johns Hopkins team and others are rushing to pinpoint other tumor-suppressor genes."

The two senses provided are:
1. definition=at the same instant | examples=they spoke simultaneously
2. definition=overlapping in duration | examples=concurrently with the conference an exhibition of things associated with Rutherford was held

Let me analyze the sentence. The phrase "at the same time" here is being used to indicate that while something else is happening (implied from previous context), the Johns Hopkins team is also doing something. It's expressing simultaneity or concurrency in a broader sense - not necessarily the exact same instant, but happening concurrently or simultaneously in the context of ongoing events.

Looking at the definitions:
Sense 1 seems to emphasize exact simultaneity ("at the same instant") - like two people speaking at exactly the same moment.
Sense 2 emphasizes overlapping duration ("concurrently") - things happening during the same general time period.

In the given sentence, "At the same time" is used as a discourse marker or temporal adverbial indicating that this action is occurring concurrently with other actions or events mentioned in the broader context. This aligns more with sense 2 - "overlapping in duration" or "concurrently" - rather than sense 1 which suggests exact simultaneity (same instant).

However, I should be careful. In many lexical databases like WordNet, "at the same time" can have different senses. Let me think about how these senses are typically distinguished:

Sense 1: "at the same instant" - temporal simultaneity in the strict sense (synchronized in time)
Sense 2: "overlapping in duration" - things happening during overlapping periods, concurrently

In the sentence provided, "At the same time" introduces a concurrent situation - while some other research or event is happening, the Johns Hopkins team is also working. This suggests overlapping duration rather than exact instantaneity.

But actually, looking at the example for sense 2: "concurrently with the conference an exhibition of things associated with Rutherford was held" - this is very similar to the usage in the sentence. The Johns Hopkins team is doing something concurrently with other teams or concurrent with other events.

The sentence structure suggests that "at the same time" is being used to mean "simultaneously" or "concurrently" with other activities mentioned in the surrounding context (which we don't see, but is implied).

Between the two options:
- If it were sense 1, it would mean at the exact same instant/moment
- If it were sense 2, it means during the same period/concurrently

Given that research efforts by different teams happen over periods of time and overlap in duration rather than occurring at a single instant, and given that the example for sense 2 mentions "concurrently" which matches the usage here, I believe sense 2 is the correct answer.

Wait, let me reconsider. The phrase "at the same time" in discourse often functions to introduce a concurrent event or situation. In WordNet (which this format resembles), sense 1 is typically the literal temporal sense (simultaneously), while sense 2 is the durational overlap sense.

Actually, looking carefully at the example for sense 1: "they spoke simultaneously" - this indicates exact temporal coincidence.
Sense 2 example mentions "concurrently with the conference" - indicating overlapping events.

In the target sentence: "At the same time, the Johns Hopkins team and others are rushing to pinpoint other tumor-suppressor genes."

This is describing ongoing research efforts. The phrase "at the same time" here indicates that this is happening concurrently with something else (presumably other research efforts mentioned in previous sentences). This fits sense 2 (overlapping in duration) better than sense 1 (same instant).

However, "at the same time" is also commonly used to mean "nevertheless" or "however" (concessive sense), but that's not listed here, so I don't need to worry about that.

Given the two choices, the answer should be 2.

But let me double-check. If the sentence were "They arrived at the same time," that would be sense 1 (same instant). But here we have an ongoing activity ("are rushing to pinpoint"), which suggests duration, making sense 2 more appropriate.

Also, the example for sense 2 uses "concurrently" which is synonymous with how "at the same time" is being used in the target sentence.

Therefore, the answer is 2.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "team" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: At the same time, the Johns Hopkins <t>team</t> and others are rushing to pinpoint other tumor-suppressor genes.

Senses:
1. definition=a cooperative unit (especially in sports)
2. definition=two or more draft animals that work together to pull something

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to identify which sense of "team" is used in the given sentence. The sentence is: "At the same time, the Johns Hopkins <t>team</t> and others are rushing to pinpoint other tumor-suppressor genes."

The two senses provided are:
1. definition=a cooperative unit (especially in sports)
2. definition=two or more draft animals that work together to pull something

Let me analyze the context. The sentence mentions "Johns Hopkins team" working on pinpointing tumor-suppressor genes. This is clearly referring to a group of researchers or scientists working together at Johns Hopkins University.

Sense 1 is "a cooperative unit (especially in sports)". While the example mentions sports, the definition says "especially in sports" which means it can apply to other cooperative units as well. In modern usage, "team" commonly refers to any group of people working together, not just in sports.

Sense 2 is about draft animals (like horses or oxen) pulling something. This clearly doesn't fit the context of Johns Hopkins researchers working on genetics.

Therefore, the correct answer is sense 1.

Wait, let me reconsider. The definition says "especially in sports" - does this cover research teams? In many dictionary definitions, sense 1 might be broader or there might be a separate sense for groups of people working together. But given only these two options:

- Option 1: cooperative unit (especially in sports) - this could apply to a research team
- Option 2: draft animals - this definitely doesn't apply

So the answer must be 1.

Actually, looking at standard dictionary definitions, "team" usually has senses like:
1. A group of people working together
2. A sports team
3. Animals harnessed together

But here, sense 1 is defined as "a cooperative unit (especially in sports)". The phrase "especially in sports" suggests that while sports is the primary example, it's not exclusive to sports. A research team at Johns Hopkins is definitely a cooperative unit.

Sense 2 is clearly about animals.

So the answer is 1.

provider: Novita


[User]
Which numbered sense of "rush" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: At the same time, the Johns Hopkins team and others are <t>rushing</t> to pinpoint other tumor-suppressor genes.

Senses:
1. definition=move fast | examples=He rushed down the hall to receive his guests
2. definition=attack suddenly
3. definition=urge to an unnatural speed | examples=Don't rush me, please!
4. definition=act or move at high speed | examples=We have to rush!
5. definition=run with the ball, in football
6. definition=cause to move fast or to rush or race | examples=The psychologist raced the rats through a long maze
7. definition=cause to occur rapidly | examples=the infection precipitated a high fever and allergic reactions

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to identify which numbered sense of "rush" is used in the given sentence. The sentence is: "At the same time, the Johns Hopkins team and others are <t>rushing</t> to pinpoint other tumor-suppressor genes."

Let me analyze the sentence:
- Subject: the Johns Hopkins team and others
- Verb: are rushing
- Context: to pinpoint other tumor-suppressor genes (this is the purpose/goal)

Now let's look at the definitions:

1. move fast | examples=He rushed down the hall to receive his guests
   - This implies physical movement from one place to another quickly.

2. attack suddenly
   - This is a military or aggressive sense, doesn't fit here.

3. urge to an unnatural speed | examples=Don't rush me, please!
   - This is transitive - causing someone else to hurry. The sentence uses "rushing" intransitively (or reflexively), and the subject is doing the rushing themselves, not urging someone else.

4. act or move at high speed | examples=We have to rush!
   - This fits well. The team is acting quickly to pinpoint genes. It's about hurrying to accomplish a task.

5. run with the ball, in football
   - Specific to American football, doesn't fit.

6. cause to move fast or to rush or race | examples=The psychologist raced the rats through a long maze
   - This is transitive (causing something else to move), but here the team is the one rushing, not causing something else to rush.

7. cause to occur rapidly | examples=the infection precipitated a high fever and allergic reactions
   - This is about causing something to happen quickly, but here the team is acting quickly themselves to find something, not causing the pinpointing to occur rapidly in the sense of definition 7 (which seems more about triggering an event).

Looking at definition 4: "act or move at high speed" - this seems to fit best. The team is hurrying/acting quickly to pinpoint genes.

Definition 1 is about physical movement (moving fast from place to place), but here it's about the activity of researching/pinpointing, not necessarily physical locomotion.

Definition 4 captures the sense of hurrying to complete a task or acting with urgency.

Let me double-check:
- "rushing to pinpoint" = hurrying to identify/find
- This is about acting quickly, moving at high speed in their actions/research.

Yes, sense 4 seems correct.

Wait, let me reconsider definition 1 vs 4.
1. move fast - usually physical movement
4. act or move at high speed - can include activities, tasks

The example for 4 is "We have to rush!" which is general acting quickly.
The example for 1 is "He rushed down the hall" which is specific physical movement.

In the sentence, they are rushing to do something (pinpoint genes), which is an activity. So 4 is better than 1.

Also, definition 3 is "urge to an unnatural speed" which would be transitive (rushing someone), but here it's intransitive (they are rushing).

Definition 6 is also transitive (cause to move fast).

Definition 7 is "cause to occur rapidly" - if it were "rushing the pinpointing" maybe, but it's "rushing to pinpoint" which is different.

So the answer should be 4.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "other" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: At the same time, the Johns Hopkins team and others are rushing to pinpoint <t>other</t> tumor-suppressor genes.

Senses:
1. definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day
2. definition=recently past | examples=the other evening
3. definition=belonging to the distant past | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe
4. definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to identify which numbered sense of "other" is used in the given sentence.

 Sentence: "At the same time, the Johns Hopkins team and others are rushing to pinpoint <t>other</t> tumor-suppressor genes."

 Let me analyze the sentence:
 - The context is about the Johns Hopkins team and "others" looking for tumor-suppressor genes
 - They want to pinpoint "other" tumor-suppressor genes
 - This implies additional tumor-suppressor genes beyond those already mentioned or known

 Now let's look at the senses:

 1. "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day"
    - This means different from the ones already discussed
    - In the sentence, they are looking for additional/different tumor-suppressor genes beyond those already identified or mentioned
    - This seems to fit

 2. "recently past | examples=the other evening"
    - This refers to time (the other day, the other evening)
    - The sentence is not talking about time
    - Doesn't fit

 3. "belonging to the distant past | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe"
    - Definition seems to be about "olden" or historical times
    - Doesn't match "other" in this context
    - Doesn't fit

 4. "very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail"
    - This is the "otherworldly" or "strange/different" sense
    - The sentence isn't suggesting the tumor-suppressor genes are strange or unusual in character, just additional/different ones
    - Doesn't fit

 So sense 1 is the correct answer. The word "other" here means "additional" or "not the same ones already mentioned" - referring to tumor-suppressor genes beyond those already identified.

 The answer should be just the number: 1


[User]
Which numbered sense of "hope" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Dr. Vogelstein <t>hopes</t> soon to isolate one on chromosome 18, also involved in colon cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=expect and wish | examples=I trust you will behave better from now on
2. definition=be optimistic; be full of hope; have hopes | examples=I am still hoping that all will turn out well
3. definition=intend with some possibility of fulfilment | examples=I hope to have finished this work by tomorrow evening

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to identify which numbered sense of "hope" is used in the given sentence.

The sentence is: "Dr. Vogelstein <t>hopes</t> soon to isolate one on chromosome 18, also involved in colon cancer."

Let me analyze the three senses:

1. "expect and wish" - This seems like a general sense of hoping for something, often used with "that" clauses or just general wishing.

2. "be optimistic; be full of hope; have hopes" - This seems to describe a state of being or feeling hopeful, often used with "for" or describing someone's general disposition.

3. "intend with some possibility of fulfilment" - This is used when someone intends to do something, often followed by an infinitive "to do something". The example given is "I hope to have finished this work by tomorrow evening" which uses "hope to" + verb.

In the target sentence: "Dr. Vogelstein hopes soon to isolate one on chromosome 18..."

The structure is: Subject + hopes + to + infinitive (to isolate)

This matches sense 3: "intend with some possibility of fulfilment" with the example "I hope to have finished this work by tomorrow evening."

Sense 1 is more about expecting/wishing for something (often external), sense 2 is about the state of being hopeful, and sense 3 specifically covers the usage with "hope to do something" indicating intention.

Therefore, the answer should be 3.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "involved" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Dr. Vogelstein hopes soon to isolate one on chromosome 18, also <t>involved</t> in colon cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=connected by participation or association or use | examples=we accomplished nothing, simply because of the large number of people involved
2. definition=entangled or hindered as if e.g. in mire | examples=the difficulties in which the question is involved
3. definition=emotionally involved
4. definition=highly complex or intricate and occasionally devious; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; - Sir Walter Scott | examples=the Byzantine tax structure
5. definition=enveloped | examples=a castle involved in mist

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to identify which numbered sense of "involved" is used in the given sentence.

 Sentence: "Dr. Vogelstein hopes soon to isolate one on chromosome 18, also <t>involved</t> in colon cancer."

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The sentence is talking about chromosome 18 being "involved" in colon cancer.
 - This means chromosome 18 is connected to or associated with colon cancer.
 - It's saying chromosome 18 participates in or is associated with the development or occurrence of colon cancer.

 Now let's look at the senses:

 1. "connected by participation or association or use" - examples: "we accomplished nothing, simply because of the large number of people involved"
    - This fits. Chromosome 18 is connected by association or participation in colon cancer.

 2. "entangled or hindered as if e.g. in mire" - examples: "the difficulties in which the question is involved"
    - This doesn't fit. Chromosome 18 isn't entangled or hindered.

 3. "emotionally involved"
    - This doesn't fit. Chromosomes don't have emotions.

 4. "highly complex or intricate and occasionally devious" - examples: "the Byzantine tax structure"
    - This doesn't fit. The word is describing chromosome 18's relationship to cancer, not describing something as complex.

 5. "enveloped" - examples: "a castle involved in mist"
    - This doesn't fit. Chromosome 18 isn't enveloped by colon cancer in the physical sense of being surrounded.

 The correct sense is clearly #1: "connected by participation or association or use". Chromosome 18 is connected/associated with colon cancer.

 The answer should be: 1

provider: Phala