[User]
Which numbered sense of "often" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers <t>often</t> skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below.

Senses:
1. definition=many times at short intervals | examples=we often met over a cup of coffee
2. definition=frequently or in great quantities | examples=I don't drink much
3. definition=in many cases or instances

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to identify which sense of "often" is used in the given sentence. The sentence is: "When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers <t>often</t> skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below."

The senses are:
1. definition=many times at short intervals | examples=we often met over a cup of coffee
2. definition=frequently or in great quantities | examples=I don't drink much
3. definition=in many cases or instances

Let me analyze the sentence. "Ringers" here refers to bell ringers (in a church context, given the mention of "worship" and "below"). The sentence describes a habitual action: when bell ringers finish their changes (ringing patterns) and work up a sweat, they frequently/habitually go to the pub.

Now let's look at the senses:

Sense 1: "many times at short intervals" - This suggests repetition over time, habitual action. The example "we often met over a cup of coffee" suggests a recurring event.

Sense 2: "frequently or in great quantities" - This seems to be about quantity or frequency in a general sense. The example "I don't drink much" is actually about quantity, not frequency, which is confusing. Wait, looking at the example "I don't drink much" - that doesn't seem to match "often" directly. Maybe this is a mistake in the prompt or I'm misunderstanding. Actually, looking carefully, sense 2's example might be incomplete or referring to "much" rather than "often". But the definition says "frequently or in great quantities".

Sense 3: "in many cases or instances" - This is a more general sense, referring to what happens in many situations or cases, not necessarily habitual action of a specific subject.

In the sentence, "ringers often skip off to the local pub" - this is describing a general habit or tendency of bell ringers. It's saying that many times, or frequently, this happens.

Comparing to the senses:
- Sense 1 focuses on "many times at short intervals" - temporal frequency
- Sense 2 focuses on "frequently" or quantity
- Sense 3 focuses on "in many cases or instances" - generalizing over cases

The sentence is describing a habitual action of a group (ringers). "Often" here means that it happens frequently or many times.

But I need to be careful. In WordNet or similar lexical databases, the senses of "often" are typically:
1. many times at short intervals; "we often met over a cup of coffee"
2. frequently or in great quantities; "I don't drink much" (wait, that example seems wrong for "often")
3. in many cases or instances; "often, the solution is simple"

Actually, looking at standard dictionary definitions:
- Sense 1: frequently; many times
- Sense 2: in many cases

But the specific wording here:
Sense 1: "many times at short intervals"
Sense 2: "frequently or in great quantities"
Sense 3: "in many cases or instances"

The example for sense 2 is "I don't drink much" which is confusing because "much" isn't "often". Unless... is sense 2 actually for "much"? No, the user says these are senses of "often".

Let me reconsider. Maybe the example for sense 2 is actually "I don't drink much" as an example of the antonym or something? No, that doesn't make sense.

Wait, looking at the sentence: "ringers often skip off to the local pub" - this is a generalization about what ringers do. It's not saying that specific ringers do this many times at short intervals (though it could imply that), but rather that it is a common occurrence, something that happens frequently among ringers.

Sense 3 "in many cases or instances" seems to fit generalizations like "often, the solution is simple" or "ringers often skip off to the pub" - meaning in many instances/cases, this is what happens.

But sense 1 "many times at short intervals" also fits habitual actions.

Let me look at the examples more carefully:
- Sense 1 example: "we often met over a cup of coffee" - this is about repeated meetings over time.
- Sense 3: no example given, but the definition is "in many cases or instances"

In the sentence "ringers often skip off to the local pub", this is describing a general habit or tendency. It's similar to saying "dogs often bark at strangers" - this is a general truth or generalization about what happens in many cases.

Actually, looking at standard WordNet senses for "often":
- Sense 1: frequently, many times at short intervals ("we often met over a cup of coffee")
- Sense 2: much, a great deal ("I don't drink much" - wait, that's not "often")

Actually, checking WordNet 3.1 for "often":
1. (r) frequently, often, oftentimes, oft, ofttimes (many times at short intervals) "we often met over a cup of coffee"
2. (r) much, a lot, lots, a good deal, a great deal, often (to a very great degree or extent) "I don't drink much"
3. (r) often (in many cases or instances) "often, the solution is simple"

Ah! So sense 2 is actually about degree/extent ("much"), not frequency, even though it's listed under "often" in some thesaurus entries? No, looking carefully, in WordNet, "often" as an adverb has:
- Sense 1: many times at short intervals
- Sense 2: in many cases or instances

But the prompt lists 3 senses. Let me look at the prompt again:
1. definition=many times at short intervals | examples=we often met over a cup of coffee
2. definition=frequently or in great quantities | examples=I don't drink much
3. definition=in many cases or instances

Sense 2 with example "I don't drink much" is confusing. "Much" is not "often". Unless... is this a distractor or error? Or is sense 2 meant to be the "much" sense, where "often" can mean "much" in some contexts? Actually, "often" and "much" can be synonymous in some contexts, like "I don't travel much" vs "I don't often travel".

But the example "I don't drink much" uses "much", not "often". So maybe the sense is describing "much" but the word being defined is "often"? That seems like a mistake in the prompt.

However, looking at the sentence: "ringers often skip off to the local pub" - this is clearly about frequency, not quantity (like "much").

So it's between sense 1 and sense 3.

Sense 1: many times at short intervals (temporal frequency, habitual action)
Sense 3: in many cases or instances (generalization over cases)

The sentence describes a general behavior of bell ringers. When they finish ringing, they go to the pub. This is a generalization about what happens in many cases (whenever they finish ringing).

But "many times at short intervals" also fits because it implies they do this repeatedly.

However, looking at the distinction:
- Sense 1 is about the frequency of an event happening over time (iterative)
- Sense 3 is about the frequency of cases/instances (generic)

In "we often met over a cup of coffee" (sense 1), it's about repeated meetings.
In "ringers often skip off to the pub", it's also about repeated action.

But sense 3 "in many cases or instances" would be used in sentences like "Often, the problem is caused by..." or "This is often the case" - where it's about the frequency of cases, not necessarily the habitual action of a specific agent.

Actually, looking at usage, "ringers often skip off..." is describing the habitual behavior of ringers, which is sense 1.

But wait, let me reconsider the WordNet distinction. In WordNet:
- Sense 1: frequently, often, oftentimes, oft, ofttimes (many times at short intervals)
- Sense 2: often (in many cases or instances)

The example for sense 2 in WordNet is: "often, the solution is simple" or "sooner or later, often happens".

In the sentence, "ringers often skip off to the local pub", this is a descriptive generalization about what ringers do. It's similar to "children often play in the park" - this could be sense 1 (they do it frequently) or sense 3 (in many cases, children play in the park).

But given the example for sense 1 is "we often met over a cup of coffee" (specific subject, habitual action), and the sentence has a specific subject "ringers" doing a habitual action, sense 1 seems more appropriate.

However, sense 3 might be if it's saying "in many instances, ringers skip off to the pub" - implying that among the instances of ringers finishing their changes, many of them involve going to the pub.

But I think the key is the example "we often met over a cup of coffee" matches the structure of "ringers often skip off to the local pub" - both have a specific subject performing an action repeatedly over time.

Sense 3 would be more like: "Often, ringers skip off to the local pub" (sentence-initial, general statement) or "It is often the case that ringers skip off..."

Given the sentence structure: Subject + often + verb, and the example for sense 1 is "we often met...", I believe the answer is 1.

But let me double-check sense 2. If sense 2 is "frequently or in great quantities" with example "I don't drink much", this seems to be a different usage. Actually, looking at some dictionaries, "often" can mean "much" in some contexts, but the example "I don't drink much" is not using "often". This is confusing.

Maybe the senses are from a specific dataset like WordNet but with errors, or maybe I'm misunderstanding.

Another possibility: The senses might be:
1. Temporal frequency (many times)
2. Degree/quantity (much) - but the example uses "much" not "often"
3. Probability/generality (in many cases)

Given the sentence is clearly about temporal frequency (habitual action), and sense 1 is explicitly about "many times at short intervals", the answer should be 1.

But I should consider if it could be sense 3. "In many cases or instances" - this could apply to "ringers often skip off" meaning "in many cases (when they finish ringing), ringers skip off to the pub". This is actually a very good fit too.

However, looking at standard lexicographic practice:
- Sense 1 (frequently, many times): refers to the rate of occurrence of an event
- Sense 3 (in many cases): refers to the proportion of cases where something is true

For example:
- "I often eat breakfast" (sense 1 - I do it frequently)
- "The disease is often fatal" (sense 3 - in many cases, it is fatal)

In "ringers often skip off to the local pub", is this about the frequency with which ringers perform this action, or about the proportion of cases where this happens?

It's ambiguous, but given the narrative context describing a habitual action ("when their changes are completed..."), it's describing what they typically/frequently do, which aligns with sense 1.

Also, the example for sense 1 "we often met over a cup of coffee" is parallel to "ringers often skip off to the local pub".

Therefore, I choose 1.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[User]
Which numbered sense of "skip" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often <t>skip</t> off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below.

Senses:
1. definition=bypass | examples=He skipped a row in the text and so the sentence was incomprehensible
2. definition=intentionally fail to attend | examples=cut class
3. definition=jump lightly
4. definition=leave suddenly | examples=She persuaded him to decamp
5. definition=bound off one point after another
6. definition=cause to skip over a surface | examples=Skip a stone across the pond

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to identify which numbered sense of "skip" is used in the given sentence.

The sentence is: "When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often <t>skip</t> off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below."

Let me analyze the context:
- "ringers" likely refers to bell ringers (in a church context, given the mention of "worship" and "below")
- They have completed their changes (bell ringing patterns) and worked up a sweat
- They "skip off" to the local pub
- They are leaving worship for others below

The phrase "skip off" suggests leaving quickly or suddenly, or perhaps moving lightly/quickly away.

Let me look at the options:
1. bypass - doesn't fit, they're not bypassing the pub, they're going to it
2. intentionally fail to attend - they're not failing to attend the pub, they're going there
3. jump lightly - possible, but "skip off" usually means to leave quickly/casually
4. leave suddenly - "She persuaded him to decamp" - decamp means to leave suddenly or secretly. "Skip off" can mean to leave quickly or casually.
5. bound off one point after another - this is like skipping stones or a skipping motion
6. cause to skip over a surface - transitive, doesn't fit here (they're the ones doing the skipping)

"Skip off" is an idiom meaning to leave quickly or casually, often with a sense of cheerfulness or without ceremony. Looking at option 4: "leave suddenly" with the example "decamp" - this seems closest.

However, let me reconsider option 3 "jump lightly". While "skip" can mean to move with a light bouncing step, in the context of "skip off to the pub", it suggests leaving quickly and cheerfully.

But looking at the specific definitions provided:
- Option 4 specifically mentions "leave suddenly" with the example "decamp" (which means to depart suddenly or secretly).
- The phrase "skip off" often means to depart quickly or casually.

Actually, looking more carefully at the sentence structure: "ringers often skip off to the local pub" - this means they go to the pub, leaving the church/worship.

Wait, I should look at standard dictionary definitions to see which sense this corresponds to.

In many dictionaries:
- Skip can mean "to leave hastily or in a hurry" (often "skip town")
- Skip can mean "to move lightly with a hopping gait"
- Skip can mean "to miss out, omit"

"Skip off" specifically often means to leave quickly or stealthily, or to depart.

But looking at the given options:
1. bypass - transitive, doesn't fit
2. intentionally fail to attend - this would mean they don't go to the pub, but they do go
3. jump lightly - intransitive, possible but "skip off" usually implies departure
4. leave suddenly - this fits "skip off" meaning to depart quickly
5. bound off one point after another - this is like a stone skipping or a person skipping rope/hopping
6. cause to skip over a surface - transitive, doesn't fit

Between 3 and 4:
- If "skip" means to move with a light step (jump lightly), then "skip off" would be to go off with a light step.
- If "skip" means to leave suddenly, that also fits.

But "decamp" (example in 4) specifically means to leave suddenly or secretly, often to avoid obligations. In the sentence, the ringers are leaving the church after their work is done to go to the pub. They're not necessarily fleeing, but they are leaving the worship to others.

Actually, looking at WordNet or similar lexical databases (which this seems to be based on):
Sense 4 might correspond to "skip" meaning to leave or depart, especially secretly or hastily.

But let me reconsider the phrase "skip off". In British English (this seems British with "ringers" referring to bell ringers, "pub", "changes"), "skip off" can mean to leave quickly or to make off.

However, looking at the exact wording of the definitions:
3. jump lightly
4. leave suddenly

"Skip off" could fit either, but "leave suddenly" seems more specific to the action of departing for the pub. However, "jump lightly" captures the physical movement.

Wait, I need to look at the example for sense 4 again: "She persuaded him to decamp". "Decamp" means to leave suddenly or secretly, often to avoid something.

In the sentence, the ringers are leaving the church (worship) to go to the pub. They are leaving the place of worship.

But actually, looking at standard word sense disambiguation datasets like SemCor or similar, this sentence might be from a specific corpus.

Let me think about the phrase "skip off to". This is often used to mean "go quickly/cheerfully to" or "make off to".

Actually, looking at the options again, I think the intended answer is likely 3 or 4.

But let's look at the exact context clues:
- "leaving worship for others below" - this indicates they are departing from the church
- "skip off to the local pub" - moving to the pub

If sense 4 is "leave suddenly", then "skip off" = leave suddenly/off to the pub.

But "skip" as "leave suddenly" is often used as "skip town" (leave town suddenly). "Skip off" is similar.

However, "skip" meaning to move with a light, bouncing step (sense 3) is also very common, and "skip off" could mean to go off with such a gait.

But given the example "decamp" for sense 4, and the fact that they are leaving their post (the bells/ worship) to go to the pub, sense 4 seems plausible.

Let me reconsider sense 2: "intentionally fail to attend". Could this fit? No, because they are going to the pub, not failing to attend the pub. And they have completed their changes, so they haven't failed to attend their duties.

Sense 1: bypass - doesn't fit.

Sense 5: bound off one point after another - this is like "the ball skipped across the water" or "he skipped from topic to topic", but not quite fitting for people going to a pub unless describing their gait specifically as bouncing from point to point.

Sense 6: cause to skip - transitive, doesn't fit.

So it's between 3 and 4.

In many lexical resources, "skip" sense "move with a light step" is distinct from "leave hastily".

The phrase "skip off" in British English often means to depart quickly or stealthily, sometimes implying avoiding something or leaving duty.

But looking at the sentence again: "When their changes are completed..." - they have finished their work, so they are not avoiding duty. They are just going to the pub afterwards.

However, "leaving worship for others below" suggests they are leaving the church while worship continues below (in the church body).

Actually, church bell ringers usually ring from a tower, above the church. So "below" refers to the congregation in the church below the bell tower.

So they finish ringing, then skip off to the pub, leaving the worship service to the people below.

In this context, "skip off" likely means to go quickly or cheerfully, or to depart.

But which sense number?

Let me check if this is from a specific dataset like WordNet.

In WordNet 3.0:
- skip#1: jump lightly (synonyms: hop, hop-skip)
- skip#2: bypass (synonyms: jump, pass over, skip over)
- skip#3: skip (as in omit) - same as #2 essentially
- skip#4: hop, skip (jump lightly)
- skip#5: skip (leave suddenly) - "She persuaded him to decamp"; "skip town"
- skip#6: skip (bound off one point after another) - "The stone skipped over the water"
- skip#7: skip (cause to skip)

Wait, looking at WordNet:
- Sense 1: "jump lightly" (hop, hop-skip)
- Sense 2: "bypass" (jump, pass over, skip over)
- Sense 3: "omit, skip" (leave out)
- Sense 4: "hop, skip" (same as 1?)
- Sense 5: "skip" (bound off one point after another) - "The stone skipped over the water"
- Sense 6: "skip" (cause to skip over a surface) - "Skip a stone across the pond"
- Sense 7: "skip" (leave suddenly) - "decamp"

Actually, looking up WordNet 3.1:
- skip.v.01: to jump lightly (hop, hop-skip)
- skip.v.02: to bound off one point after another (as in a flat stone over water)
- skip.v.03: to cause to skip over a surface (skip a stone)
- skip.v.04: to bypass (jump, pass over, skip over)
- skip.v.05: to omit (leave out)
- skip.v.06: to leave suddenly (decamp, skip town)
- skip.v.07: to fail to attend (cut)

So mapping to the options given:
1. bypass = skip.v.04
2. intentionally fail to attend = skip.v.07
3. jump lightly = skip.v.01
4. leave suddenly = skip.v.06
5. bound off one point after another = skip.v.02
6. cause to skip over a surface = skip.v.03

Now, in the sentence "ringers often skip off to the local pub", which WordNet sense is this?

"Skip off" meaning to depart quickly would be sense 6 (leave suddenly).

But "skip off" could also be interpreted as moving with a light gait (sense 1).

However, the phrase "skip off" is most commonly used to mean "depart quickly or casually", which aligns with sense 6 (leave suddenly).

Also, the example "decamp" fits well with "skip off" (decamp means to leave suddenly, especially to avoid obligations).

In this case, while they have completed their ringing duties, they are leaving the church environment (worship) to go to the pub, which could be seen as skipping out on the worship part, or just leaving the scene.

Given the options and the typical usage of "skip off" in British English to mean "depart quickly", I believe the answer is 4.

But I should double-check if it could be 3. If they are physically skipping (like children do, a bouncy step), then it would be 3. But "skip off to the pub" is an idiom meaning to go quickly/cheerfully, not necessarily to physically skip.

Actually, looking at the sentence tone: "worked up a sweat", "skip off to the local pub" - this suggests a casual, perhaps cheerful departure, but not necessarily a sudden or secretive one like "decamp".

However, among the given choices, 4 seems the best fit for "skip off" as a phrasal verb meaning to depart.

Wait, looking at the sentence again carefully: "leaving worship for others below" - this emphasizes that they are leaving, departing.

So sense 4: leave suddenly.

I think the answer is 4.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: ModelRun

currency: USD


[User]
Which numbered sense of "local" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the <t>local</t> pub, leaving worship for others below.

Senses:
1. definition=relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area | examples=local taxes
2. definition=of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood | examples=local customs
3. definition=affecting only a restricted part or area of the body | examples=local anesthesia

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to identify which numbered sense of "local" is used in the given sentence.

 Sentence: "When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the <t>local</t> pub, leaving worship for others below."

 The word "local" here modifies "pub" - meaning a pub in the neighborhood or nearby area.

 Let's look at the senses:
 1. relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area (e.g., local taxes) - This is about administrative/governmental functions.
 2. of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood (e.g., local customs) - This refers to something in the nearby area, neighborhood-specific.
 3. affecting only a restricted part or area of the body (e.g., local anesthesia) - This is medical/physical.

 In the sentence, "local pub" means a pub in the neighborhood or nearby area - characteristic of or belonging to the particular locality where the ringers are. This matches sense 2.

 Sense 1 would be about local government, local taxes, etc. - administrative.
 Sense 2 is about the neighborhood/area.
 Sense 3 is medical.

 Therefore, the answer is 2.

provider: DigitalOcean


[User]
Which numbered sense of "leave" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, <t>leaving</t> worship for others below.

Senses:
1. definition=go away from a place | examples=At what time does your train leave?
2. definition=go and leave behind, either intentionally or by neglect or forgetfulness | examples=She left a mess when she moved out
3. definition=act or be so as to become in a specified state | examples=The inflation left them penniless
4. definition=leave unchanged or undisturbed or refrain from taking | examples=leave it as is
5. definition=move out of or depart from | examples=leave the room
6. definition=make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be attainable or cause to remain | examples=This leaves no room for improvement
7. definition=have as a result or residue | examples=The water left a mark on the silk dress
8. definition=remove oneself from an association with or participation in | examples=She wants to leave
9. definition=put into the care or protection of someone | examples=He left the decision to his deputy
10. definition=leave or give by will after one's death | examples=My aunt bequeathed me all her jewelry
11. definition=have left or have as a remainder | examples=That left the four of us
12. definition=be survived by after one's death | examples=He left six children
13. definition=transmit (knowledge or skills) | examples=give a secret to the Russians
14. definition=leave behind unintentionally | examples=I forgot my umbrella in the restaurant

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to identify which numbered sense of "leave" is used in the given sentence.

Sentence: "When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, <t>leaving</t> worship for others below."

Let me analyze the sentence. "Ringers" (bell ringers in a church context, presumably) skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below.

The structure is: [subject] skip off to the local pub, leaving [object] for [others].

Wait, let me look at the specific usage: "leaving worship for others below."

Actually, looking more carefully: "ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below."

Hmm, what does "leaving worship for others below" mean? It seems like they are leaving the worship (service) to be done by others who are below (in the church, presumably).

But wait, let me reconsider. Is it "leaving worship" as in abandoning/departing from worship? Or is it "leaving worship for others" as in letting worship remain for others?

Actually, looking at the context: bell ringers ring the bells in the tower, then go to the pub, leaving the worship service (below in the church) for others.

But the phrase is "leaving worship for others below". This could mean:
- They leave (abandon) worship to others below
- They leave (let remain) worship for others below

Wait, I need to look at the grammatical structure. "leave X for Y" can mean "to allow X to remain for Y" or "to depart from X, leaving it to Y".

Let me look at the definitions again:

1. go away from a place
2. go and leave behind, either intentionally or by neglect or forgetfulness
3. act or be so as to become in a specified state
4. leave unchanged or undisturbed or refrain from taking
5. move out of or depart from
6. make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be attainable or cause to remain
7. have as a result or residue
8. remove oneself from an association with or participation in
9. put into the care or protection of someone
10. leave or give by will after one's death
11. have left or have as a remainder
12. be survived by after one's death
13. transmit (knowledge or skills)
14. leave behind unintentionally

Let me reconsider the sentence. "ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below."

I think this means that the ringers depart from the church tower and go to the pub, thereby leaving (allowing/causing to remain) the worship service for the people below (in the church).

Actually, looking at definition 6: "make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be attainable or cause to remain" - examples: "This leaves no room for improvement"

Or definition 2: "go and leave behind, either intentionally or by neglect or forgetfulness" - examples: "She left a mess when she moved out"

Or definition 7: "have as a result or residue" - examples: "The water left a mark on the silk dress"

Or definition 8: "remove oneself from an association with or participation in" - examples: "She wants to leave"

Wait, "leaving worship" could mean they are removing themselves from participation in worship. But the phrase is "leaving worship for others below" which suggests they are leaving it (the worship) to others.

Actually, I think the key is "leave X for Y" meaning "to allow X to be done by Y" or "to abandon X so that Y does it".

But looking at the example for definition 8: "She wants to leave" - this is intransitive. Our usage is transitive: "leaving worship".

Definition 2: "go and leave behind" - "She left a mess when she moved out". This is about leaving something behind as you go. "leaving worship for others below" - they are going to the pub and leaving the worship behind for others.

Definition 6: "make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be attainable or cause to remain" - "This leaves no room for improvement". "leaving worship for others" = causing worship to remain for others?

Actually, I think I need to look at this more carefully. The phrase "leave [something] for [someone]" often means to let someone have or do something.

But wait - in the context of church bell ringers: they ring the bells from the tower, then when the service starts or continues, they leave the tower and go to the pub, leaving the worship service (which happens below in the church building) for the congregation.

Hmm, but "worship" here might refer to the act of worshipping, and "others below" are the congregation in the body of the church.

Actually, I think the sense is: they depart, and as a result, worship is left behind for others. But that doesn't quite make sense because the worship is happening where the others are.

Let me reconsider. Maybe "leaving worship" means "abandoning worship" and "for others below" indicates who is left doing the worship. So they leave (abandon) worship, leaving it to others below.

But looking at the definitions, definition 8 is "remove oneself from an association with or participation in" - but the example "She wants to leave" is intransitive. Can it be transitive? "leaving worship" - removing oneself from worship?

Definition 5: "move out of or depart from" - examples: "leave the room". This is transitive. "leaving worship" could mean departing from worship. But then "for others below" is attached.

Actually, I think the structure might be: [they go to the pub], [leaving worship] [for others below]. So "leaving worship" is a participial phrase modifying the main clause.

If "leave worship" means "depart from worship" (like "leave the room"), that would be sense 5. But then what is "for others below"? That would mean they leave worship for the sake of others below? That doesn't parse well.

Alternatively, "leaving worship for others below" = leaving (allowing to remain) worship to be conducted by others below. This would be sense 6: "cause to remain" or sense 2: "leave behind".

Wait, let me look at definition 6 again: "make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be attainable or cause to remain". Example: "This leaves no room for improvement". Another common usage: "That leaves me with two options."

Definition 2: "go and leave behind, either intentionally or by neglect or forgetfulness". Example: "She left a mess when she moved out." This implies physically leaving something behind as you depart.

In the sentence, the ringers are going to the pub. They are leaving worship (the service) behind for others. But actually, they were in the bell tower, not in the worship service itself necessarily. Bell ringers often ring before the service and then sometimes don't attend the service.

Actually, I think the most likely sense is definition 8: "remove oneself from an association with or participation in". But the example is intransitive. Let me check if there's a transitive usage. "She left the club" - that would be removing oneself from participation. But that might be sense 5 or 1.

Let me look at definition 5: "move out of or depart from" - "leave the room". This is the physical act of departing from a place. But "worship" is an activity, not a place.

Definition 1: "go away from a place" - requires a place.

Definition 8: "remove oneself from an association with or participation in" - "She wants to leave". This can take an object like "leave the team", "leave the church", "leave worship".

But the phrase "for others below" suggests that after they remove themselves, others below continue with the worship. So "leaving worship for others below" = removing themselves from worship, leaving it to others below.

However, looking at the exact wording: "leaving worship for others below" - this could mean "leaving [the act of] worship for others [to do] below".

Actually, I think I should consider definition 6 more seriously. "make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be attainable or cause to remain". If something "leaves room for", it allows room to remain. "leaving worship for others below" - this could mean that their departure causes worship to remain for others below? That seems odd.

Let me think about this differently. In the context of change ringing (bell ringing), ringers ring the bells, then go to the pub. The worship service happens in the church below. The ringers are leaving (abandoning) the worship to others - i.e., they don't attend the service, leaving it for the congregation below.

But actually, reading the sentence again: "When their changes are completed" - "changes" refers to sequences of ringing bells (change ringing). So they complete their bell ringing, work up a sweat, then skip off to the pub, leaving worship for others below.

I think "leaving worship" here means they are not staying for worship; they leave it (the worship service) to others who are below (in the church).

Which sense of "leave" means "to let remain as a responsibility or task for someone else"? That's often sense 6: "make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be attainable or cause to remain". But more precisely, "leave it to me" = entrust to someone. That's sense 9: "put into the care or protection of someone". Example: "He left the decision to his deputy."

Ah! "He left the decision to his deputy" - this is exactly the structure "leave X to Y". In the sentence: "leaving worship for others below" - "leave X for Y".

Sense 9: "put into the care or protection of someone" - example: "He left the decision to his deputy". This matches "leaving worship for others" very well. It means they are putting worship into the care of others below, or leaving it for others to do.

But wait, the preposition in the example is "to", while in the sentence it's "for". "Leave for others" vs "leave to others".

Let me check definition 6 again: "make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be attainable or cause to remain" - example: "This leaves no room for improvement". Here "leave room for" is a common collocation.

Definition 2: "go and leave behind" - when you leave something behind, you can leave it for someone. "I left the book for you on the table."

Actually, looking at WordNet or similar lexicographic resources (which this seems to be based on), sense 2 is often "go and leave behind, either intentionally or by neglect or forgetfulness" with examples like "She left a mess when she moved out." This sense often covers leaving things behind physically.

Sense 9: "put into the care or protection of someone" - "He left the decision to his deputy." This is about entrusting.

In the sentence, are the ringers entrusting worship to others, or are they simply departing and letting others handle worship?

I think the answer is likely 2 or 8 or 9. Let me reconsider.

Actually, looking at the sentence structure: "ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below."

The participial phrase "leaving worship for others below" describes what happens as a result of them skipping off to the pub. They go to the pub, and by doing so, they leave worship (behind) for others below.

If I look at definition 8: "remove oneself from an association with or participation in" - the example is "She wants to leave". This is intransitive. The definition focuses on removing oneself. But in our sentence, "leaving" takes an object "worship". So if they are removing themselves from worship, that would be "leaving worship" in the sense of quitting/participating.

But "for others below" complicates this. It suggests the worship is being left to/for others.

Let me look at definition 6 once more: "make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be attainable or cause to remain". Example: "This leaves no room for improvement". Could "leaving worship for others below" mean "causing worship to remain for others below"? As in, they don't take worship with them to the pub; they cause it to remain for those below? That's a stretch.

Definition 11: "have left or have as a remainder" - example: "That left the four of us". This is about subtraction resulting in a remainder. Not applicable.

Definition 7: "have as a result or residue" - example: "The water left a mark". Not applicable.

Let me search my mental database for this exact sentence. It sounds like it might be from a corpus used in a word sense disambiguation task, possibly SemCor or similar.

Actually, this looks like it could be from the WordNet sense inventory used in a standard dataset. Let me think about which sense of "leave" would be assigned.

The sentence: "When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below."

Key elements:
- Subject: ringers (bell ringers)
- Action: skip off to the local pub
- Object: worship
- Recipient/benefactive: others below

The ringers are departing from the church tower. They leave behind the worship service for the congregation below. They are physically going away and leaving the worship behind (to be attended by others).

Sense 2: "go and leave behind, either intentionally or by neglect or forgetfulness" - This fits well. They go to the pub and leave behind worship for others. The example "She left a mess when she moved out" shows leaving something behind when departing.

Sense 5: "move out of or depart from" - This is about moving out of a place. "worship" is not a place.

Sense 8: "remove oneself from an association with or participation in" - This could fit if "leave worship" means "stop participating in worship". But the definition's example is intransitive, and this sense is usually intransitive or with an organization. "Leave the church" could be this sense or sense 5.

But the phrase "for others below" strongly suggests that worship is being left behind for others, which points to sense 2 (leave behind) or sense 9 (entrust to).

Between sense 2 and sense 9:
- Sense 2: go and leave behind. The focus is on departing and something remaining.
- Sense 9: put into the care or protection of someone. The focus is on entrusting.

"He left the decision to his deputy" (sense 9) vs "She left a mess when she moved out" (sense 2).

In the sentence, the ringers are not necessarily entrusting worship to others in an active sense of delegation. Rather, they are simply not participating and letting others do it. They go to the pub, leaving worship behind for others. This seems more like sense 2.

However, "leave for others" could also be sense 6: "cause to remain". Let me reconsider.

Actually, looking at the definitions again, I notice that sense 6 is "make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be attainable or cause to remain". The example "This leaves no room for improvement" uses "leave" with a result. "That leaves me with two options" - causing to remain.

"Leaving worship for others below" - if parsed as "causing worship to remain for others below", that doesn't quite work because worship isn't something that remains; it's an ongoing activity.

Unless... "worship" here refers to the worship service as an event, and by leaving, the ringers leave it (the event) for others (to attend).

But I think the most natural reading is that they are departing from the place/activity and leaving it behind for others. Sense 2.

Wait, let me reconsider sense 8. "remove oneself from an association with or participation in". Could "leaving worship" mean "ceasing to participate in worship"? If I "leave a meeting", I remove myself from participation. "Leave worship" = stop attending/participating in worship. Then "for others below" is just indicating where worship continues. But grammatically, "leaving worship for others" doesn't parse well as "removing oneself from worship for others".

Let me try another angle. The word "leave" in "leaving worship for others below" might mean "abandon, quit". Like "leave a job". But again, "for others" is tricky.

Actually, I think I found the key. Look at definition 2 again: "go and leave behind, either intentionally or by neglect or forgetfulness". The key is "leave behind". When you leave behind, you can leave something for someone. "I left the keys for you." In the sentence, they go to the pub and leave worship behind for others.

But is "worship" something you can leave behind? You can leave behind a mess, keys, etc. Worship is an activity. You can leave it behind in the sense of not taking it with you, or leaving the place where it happens.

Alternatively, consider that this might be sense 6. Let me look at the example for sense 6: "This leaves no room for improvement". Another common use: "The schedule leaves time for lunch". "Leaving worship for others below" could mean "allowing worship to exist for others below" or "reserving worship for others below". But that's not quite right.

Let me look at sense 9 again: "put into the care or protection of someone". "He left the decision to his deputy." If the sentence were "leaving worship to others below", I'd strongly consider sense 9. But it says "for others below". "Leave for" vs "leave to".

Actually, in many dictionaries, "leave something for someone" can mean to let someone have something, or to reserve something for someone. Which sense is that?

In WordNet, sense 2 of leave (as a verb) is often: "go and leave behind, either intentionally or by neglect or forgetfulness" with examples. Sense 6 is: "make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be attainable or cause to remain" (as in "leave room").

But there's another possibility. Let me look at the sentence again very carefully.

"When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below."

Could "worship" here be a typo or unusual usage? No, it's clear.

Could "below" refer to people below in the church (the nave), while ringers are in the tower above? Yes, that's the physical layout of many churches. The ringers are in the bell tower, the congregation is below in the church.

So the ringers finish ringing, go to the pub, and leave worship (the service) for the people below (the congregation).

I think the intended sense is that they are departing (going to the pub) and leaving the worship behind for others. This is sense 2: "go and leave behind".

But let me also consider if it could be sense 5: "move out of or depart from". If "leave worship" = "depart from worship", similar to "leave the room". But "worship" is an event, not a room. However, metonymically, it could work. But then "for others below" is an odd adjunct.

Actually, I just realized there might be a different parsing. "leaving worship for others below" could mean "leaving [the act of] worship [to be done] by others below". This is like "leaving the cooking for my wife". This is sense 2 or sense 9.

Given the options and the example "She left a mess when she moved out" for sense 2, I think sense 2 is the best fit. They are going away and leaving worship behind for others.

Wait, I want to double-check. Let me think about whether there's a sense "leave" meaning "to let someone do something" or "to abandon something so others do it".

Actually, looking at the list, sense 8: "remove oneself from an association with or participation in" - example: "She wants to leave". This is about exiting from participation. If I say "He left the game", it means he stopped participating. "Leaving worship" = stopping participation in worship. And this is for others below? No, that doesn't fit the "for others" part well.

Let me reconsider sense 6. "make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be attainable or cause to remain". Could "leaving worship for others below" mean that their departure results in worship being available/caused to remain for others? That's a very indirect reading.

What about sense 11? "have left or have as a remainder" - example: "That left the four of us". This is mathematical/logical remainder. Not applicable.

Sense 7: "have as a result or residue" - example: "The water left a mark". Not applicable.

I think the answer is 2. But let me also consider if it might be 8.

Actually, I recall that in some WSD datasets, "leave" when used as "leave school", "leave the church", etc., is often sense 8 (remove oneself from an association). But here it's "leave worship", and crucially there's "for others below".

If the sentence were "ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship", sense 8 might work (removing themselves from participation in worship). But with "for others below", it suggests that worship is being left behind as something for others.

Let me look at sense 2's example again: "She left a mess when she moved out". This is about departing and leaving something behind. The ringers depart to the pub and leave worship behind for others. This seems like the best match.

Actually, I want to check if "leave" can mean "to allow to remain in a place or condition" which might be sense 4: "leave unchanged or undisturbed or refrain from taking". Example: "leave it as is". But "leave worship for others" doesn't mean to leave it unchanged.

Let me try to find this exact sentence online in my training data. I think this might be from the SemCor corpus or similar.

The sentence mentions "ringers" and "changes" (change ringing) and "pub". This is a very specific sentence.

In SemCor, "leave" sense 2 is "go and leave behind, either intentionally or by neglect or forgetfulness". Sense 8 is "remove oneself from an association with or participation in".

Given the structure "leaving [noun] for [others]", I think this is most likely sense 2. The phrasal pattern "leave X for Y" where X is a thing/event and Y is a person often falls under "leave behind" (sense 2) or "entrust" (sense 9).

But "He left the decision to his deputy" (sense 9) uses "to", not "for". "Leave for" is different from "leave to".

"Leave something for someone" often means to leave it behind to be taken or used by that person. Example: "I left some cake for you." This is sense 2: go and leave behind.

Therefore, I believe the answer is 2.

Wait, I should also consider if it could be sense 1 or 5. Sense 1: "go away from a place" - intransitive or with a place. Sense 5: "move out of or depart from" - "leave the room". These require a place or location as object. "Worship" is not a place.

So between 2, 6, 8, and 9:
- 2: go and leave behind - fits "leave worship for others" as leaving it behind
- 6: cause to remain - possible but less likely for an event like worship
- 8: remove oneself from participation - possible for "leave worship" but "for others below" is odd
- 9: put into care of - "leave to" is more common, and worship isn't really entrusted

I'll go with 2.

Actually, let me reconsider one more time. Is there any chance "worship" here is being used as a place? Like "the worship" meaning the worship service location? In British English, maybe? "Leaving worship" = leaving the place of worship? If so, sense 1 or 5 might apply. But "for others below" would then mean they leave the place of worship for others below? That doesn't quite work either.

Another thought: Could "leaving worship" mean "leaving [the act of] worship [to take place]"? Like "leaving the meeting to proceed without them"? That might be sense 6 (cause to remain).

But I think the most standard sense for this is sense 2. When you depart from a place and something stays behind for others, that's "go and leave behind".

Let me check if there's any other clue. The sentence says "ringers often skip off to the local pub". The main verb is "skip off". The participle "leaving" describes a concomitant action or result. They skip off to the pub, leaving worship behind for others. This is clearly the "leave behind" meaning.

Therefore, the answer is 2.

Actually, I want to make absolutely sure. Let me think about whether "leave worship" could mean "abandon worship" (stop participating in it). If someone "leaves the church", they stop being a member. If they "leave worship", they stop worshipping. This is sense 8. And "for others below" could be a separate adjunct: "[they go to the pub], [leaving worship] [for others below]" meaning they abandon worship, while others below [continue to] worship. But the comma connects "leaving worship for others below" as a unit.

If it were "leaving worship, for others below..." with "for others below" meaning "because of others below", that would be different. But there's no comma.

I think 2 is the safest answer.

Wait, I just reconsidered definition 6: "make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be attainable or cause to remain". The key phrase is "cause to remain". When you leave something for someone, you cause it to remain for them. "I left some time for questions" - this is sense 6. "Leaving worship for others below" - did they cause worship to remain for others?

Actually, in the context of bell ringing, the ringers ring before or during the service. When they finish, they go to the pub. The worship service continues or happens without them. They are not "leaving worship behind" physically; they are simply not attending it, and it continues for others.

But the phrase "leaving worship for others" suggests an intentional act of letting others have/do worship while they go to the pub. This is similar to "leaving the decision to his deputy" (sense 9) but with "for".

Hmm. Let me think about this differently. In WordNet, the senses are:

1. leave, go forth, go away -- (go away from a place) "At what time does your train leave?"
2. leave behind -- (go and leave behind, either intentionally or by neglect or forgetfulness) "She left a mess when she moved out"
3. leave -- (act or be so as to become in a specified state) "The inflation left them penniless"
4. leave, leave alone, leave behind -- (leave unchanged or undisturbed or refrain from taking) "leave it as is"
5. exit, go out, get out, leave -- (move out of or depart from) "leave the room"
6. leave, allow for, allow, provide -- (make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be attainable or cause to remain) "This leaves no room for improvement"
7. leave, result, lead -- (have as a result or residue) "The water left a mark on the silk dress"
8. leave, depart, pull up stakes -- (remove oneself from an association with or participation in) "She wants to leave"
9. entrust, leave -- (put into the care or protection of someone) "He left the decision to his deputy"
10. bequeath, will, leave -- (leave or give by will after one's death) "My aunt bequeathed me all her jewelry"
11. leave -- (have left or have as a remainder) "That left the four of us"
12. leave, leave behind -- (be survived by after one's death) "He left six children"
13. impart, leave, give, pass on -- (transmit (knowledge or skills)) "give a secret to the Russians"
14. forget, leave -- (leave behind unintentionally) "I forgot my umbrella in the restaurant"

Given these WordNet-style definitions, "leaving worship for others below"...

If it's "entrust" (sense 9), the example uses "to". Our sentence uses "for". But "leave for" can also mean entrust? "I leave this for you" = I entrust this to you. But in WordNet, sense 9 might specifically use "to".

Sense 2: "leave behind" - "go and leave behind". This is about physically departing and leaving something. The ringers go to the pub and leave worship behind. But worship isn't a physical object.

Sense 8: "remove oneself from an association with or participation in". This is intransitive or with an organization/activity. "leave the party", "leave the team", "leave worship". This makes sense! They remove themselves from worship (they stop participating in it) and go to the pub. And "for others below" means that worship is then for others below. But the syntax "leaving worship for others below" as a participial phrase would mean "removing themselves from worship, which is for others below" or "removing themselves from worship for the benefit of others below"? That seems odd.

Actually, I think I may have been misreading the sentence. Let me parse it again:

"ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below"

Could "worship" be the object of "leaving", and "for others below" a benefactive? Yes.
Could it mean: "as they skip off to the pub, they leave worship [behind] for others below"? Yes.

In WordNet, sense 2 is "go and leave behind, either intentionally or by neglect or forgetfulness". The key is that the subject goes away and something is left behind. The ringers go away (to the pub) and worship is left behind for others. Even though worship is an activity, it can be conceptualized as something left behind.

But actually, looking at sense 8 again: "remove oneself from an association with or participation in". If I search my knowledge of WordNet, "leave" in the sense of "leave the party" (stop attending) is often sense 8. But "leave the party" can also be sense 5 (depart from). The distinction is that sense 8 is about ending membership/participation, while sense 5 is physical departure.

However, in the sentence, the ringers are physically departing from the church tower. They are also ending their participation in the worship service. But the phrase "for others below" strongly suggests the "leave behind for someone" construction, which is sense 2.

Let me see if I can find any exact matches for this sentence. I recall that in some NLP datasets, there's a sentence about bell ringers. Let me think about which sense was annotated.

Actually, I think the answer might be 8. Here's why: "leaving worship" means "ceasing to participate in worship" or "departing from worship". The phrase "for others below" might not be directly governed by "leaving" as a unit "leaving X for Y". Instead, it could be "leaving worship" (participial phrase) + "for others below" (prepositional phrase indicating who performs worship). But that doesn't quite work syntactically.

Alternatively, "worship for others below" could be a noun phrase? No, "leaving" is clearly the verb.

Let me try: "leaving [worship for others below]" = leaving the worship that is for others below? No, that doesn't make sense because worship is for everyone.

Another parse: "leaving worship" (abandoning the act of worship) "for others below" (to those below). But "leave worship for others" = abandon worship to others? That's like saying "I leave this task for you" = I abandon it so you do it.

In many dictionaries, "leave something for someone" where you abandon/let someone else handle it is sense 2 (leave behind) or sense 9 (entrust).

Given the example for sense 9: "He left the decision to his deputy" - this is about delegating/entrusting. The ringers are delegating worship to others? Not really; worship is something people do for themselves, not something delegated. And the preposition is "to", not "for".

Given the example for sense 2: "She left a mess when she moved out" - this is about departing and leaving something. The ringers depart and leave worship (the service) for others. This fits well.

I think I'll go with 2.

But let me also consider sense 6 one last time. "make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be attainable or cause to remain". Example: "This leaves no room for improvement". If I say "This leaves worship for others below", it would mean "this causes worship to remain for others below". But what is "this"? The ringers going to the pub? That doesn't cause worship to remain; worship would happen regardless.

Actually, maybe it does. By going to the pub, they are not taking worship with them (as if they could!), so worship remains for those below. But that's a very indirect causation.

I think 2 is correct.

Wait, I want to look at the exact wording of sense 2 again: "go and leave behind, either intentionally or by neglect or forgetfulness". The ringers intentionally go to the pub and leave worship behind for others. Perfect match.

Answer: 2.

Actually, one more check: could it be sense 14? "leave behind unintentionally". The example is "I forgot my umbrella". The ringers are not unintentionally leaving worship; they're intentionally going to the pub. So not 14.

Could it be sense 12? "be survived by after one's death". No.

Could it be sense 10? "leave by will". No.

Could it be sense 13? "transmit knowledge". No.

So it's between 2, 6, 8, and 9. I'll answer 2.

Hmm, but I want to be absolutely sure. Let me think about whether "leave worship" could be interpreted as "depart from worship" in a physical sense. If "worship" refers to the worship service as a location (metonymy), then sense 5 "move out of or depart from" might apply. But the example "leave the room" is very physical. And "for others below" doesn't fit well with sense 5.

Let me reconsider sense 8 with a fresh perspective. "remove oneself from an association with or participation in". The example "She wants to leave" is intransitive. But many intransitive verbs can be used transitively with cognate objects or similar. However, in WordNet, if a sense is listed as intransitive with an intransitive example, it might still allow objects. "Leave the church" (stop being a member) is likely sense 8. "Leave worship" (stop participating) would also be sense 8. But then what about "for others below"?

If I say "She left the company for a rival firm", "for" indicates purpose/benefactive. "He left school for the army". But here "leaving worship for others below" - did they leave worship in order to be for others below? No.

If "for others below" attaches to "worship" rather than "leaving": "worship for others below" = worship [conducted] for others below? No, worship is for everyone.

I think the most coherent reading is that "leaving" = "leaving behind" (sense 2), and the ringers go to the pub, leaving the worship service to be attended by others below.

Final answer: 2.

provider: SiliconFlow


[User]
Which numbered sense of "worship" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving <t>worship</t> for others below.

Senses:
1. definition=the activity of worshipping
2. definition=a feeling of profound love and admiration

reasoning_content:
The user is asking me to identify which sense of "worship" is used in the given sentence. Let me analyze the sentence and the definitions.

 The sentence is: "When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving <t>worship</t> for others below."

 Context clues:
 - "ringers" - this refers to bell ringers (people who ring church bells)
 - "changes" - in bell ringing terminology, "changes" refers to the patterns of ringing
 - "worked up a sweat" - physical effort from ringing bells
 - "skip off to the local pub" - going to a pub after ringing
 - "leaving worship for others below"

 The phrase "leaving worship for others below" suggests that the bell ringers are leaving the actual worship service/activity to the people who are in the church below (the congregation).

 Now let's look at the two senses:

 1. definition=the activity of worshipping
 2. definition=a feeling of profound love and admiration

 Sense 1 refers to the act or activity of worshipping - the religious service or practice.
 Sense 2 refers to an emotion or feeling - the internal state of admiration.

 In the sentence, "worship" is something that the bell ringers are leaving for "others below" (the congregation in the church). This refers to the actual religious service or activity of worshipping. The bell ringers are up in the tower ringing the bells, but then they leave to go to the pub, while the actual worship service continues below for the congregation.

 So "worship" here means the religious activity or service - the activity of worshipping.

 This matches sense 1.

 Sense 2 (a feeling) doesn't fit because:
 - You can't really "leave a feeling" for others in this context
 - The sentence is talking about a physical location (bell tower vs. church below)
 - The contrast is between the physical act of ringing bells and the religious service happening in the church

 Therefore, the answer is 1.

provider: StreamLake


[User]
Which numbered sense of "below" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others <t>below</t>.

Senses:
1. definition=in or to a place that is lower
2. definition=at a later place | examples=see below
3. definition=(in writing) see below | examples=vide infra
4. definition=on a floor below | examples=the tenants live downstairs
5. definition=further down | examples=see under for further discussion

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to identify which numbered sense of "below" is used in the given sentence.

 Sentence: "When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others <t>below</t>."

 Context: This appears to be about bell ringers (change ringers) in a church tower. They go up to the tower to ring bells, and after they're done, they go to the pub, leaving the worship service happening downstairs/below in the church.

 Let's analyze the senses:
 1. "in or to a place that is lower" - This is a general spatial meaning.
 2. "at a later place" - This refers to later in a text/document.
 3. "(in writing) see below" - Also refers to text, like "see below".
 4. "on a floor below" - Specifically on a lower floor level. Examples: "the tenants live downstairs"
 5. "further down" - Could be spatial or in a text.

 In the sentence, "leaving worship for others below" - the worship is happening in the church below (downstairs) while the ringers are up in the tower. So this is referring to people who are on a lower floor/level.

 Looking at sense 4: "on a floor below" with the example "the tenants live downstairs" - this seems to fit best. The worship is happening downstairs/below in the church building, while the ringers are up in the bell tower.

 Sense 1 "in or to a place that is lower" is also possible, but sense 4 is more specific about being on a floor below, which fits the church architecture context where the bell tower is above the main church building where worship happens.

 Actually, looking carefully at the sentence structure: "leaving worship for others below" - this could mean:
 - Leaving the worship service to happen for others who are below (downstairs)
 - Or leaving worship to be done by others who are below

 The ringers are up in the tower (high up), and the congregation is below in the church. So "others below" refers to people on the floor below.

 Sense 4 seems most appropriate: "on a floor below"

 But let me reconsider sense 1: "in or to a place that is lower" - this is more general.
 Sense 4 is specifically about floors.

 In church architecture, the bell tower is often above the nave where the congregation sits. So "below" would refer to the floor below.

 However, looking at the example for sense 4: "the tenants live downstairs" - this suggests "below" is being used as an adverb or adjective describing location.

 In the sentence: "leaving worship for others below" - "below" here is modifying "others" or indicating where the others are - they are below (downstairs).

 Actually, looking at the WordNet or similar dictionary definitions that these senses likely come from:

 Sense 1: "in or to a place that is lower" - general
 Sense 2: "at a later place" - in text
 Sense 3: "(in writing) see below" - specific to writing
 Sense 4: "on a floor below" - specifically lower floor
 Sense 5: "further down" - could be text or space

 Given the context of church bell ringing, where ringers are in the tower (up high) and the worshippers are in the church below, sense 4 "on a floor below" seems the most precise fit.

 Wait, I should check if "below" here could mean something else. Could it mean "after" in a sequence? No, that doesn't make sense. Could it refer to text? No.

 So it's definitely a spatial reference. Between sense 1 and sense 4, sense 4 is more specific and fits the architectural context of floors in a building.

 Actually, looking at the sentence again: "leaving worship for others below" - this might mean that the ringers leave the worship service (which is happening) for others who are below (the congregation), while they go to the pub.

 Yes, that makes sense. The ringers are up in the tower ringing bells during the service, then they leave to go to the pub, while the worship continues for the people below (in the church).

 So "below" = on a lower floor/in the church below the tower.

 Therefore, the answer should be 4.

 But let me double-check if there's any other interpretation. Could "below" refer to social status? No, that's not one of the senses listed. Could it refer to hell? No, context doesn't support that.

 So sense 4 is the best answer.

 Wait, I want to make sure about the exact wording of sense 4: "on a floor below | examples=the tenants live downstairs"

 And sense 1: "in or to a place that is lower"

 In many dictionaries, "below" when referring to a lower floor is often sense 1 or a specific subsense. But given that sense 4 is explicitly defined as "on a floor below", and the example mentions "downstairs", this strongly suggests a building with multiple floors.

 Church towers are typically above the main church building, so yes, the worshippers are on the floor below the ringers.

 Therefore: 4


[User]
Which numbered sense of "well" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: This does not sit <t>well</t> with some clerics.

Senses:
1. definition=(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (`good' is a nonstandard dialectal variant for `well') | examples=the children behaved well
2. definition=thoroughly or completely; fully; often used as a combining form; ; ; ; ; , | examples=The problem is well understood
3. definition=indicating high probability; in all likelihood | examples=I might well do it
4. definition=(used for emphasis or as an intensifier) entirely or fully | examples=a book well worth reading
5. definition=to a suitable or appropriate extent or degree | examples=the project was well underway
6. definition=favorably; with approval | examples=their neighbors spoke well of them
7. definition=to a great extent or degree | examples=I'm afraid the film was well over budget
8. definition=with great or especially intimate knowledge | examples=we knew them well
9. definition=with prudence or propriety | examples=You would do well to say nothing more
10. definition=with skill or in a pleasing manner | examples=she dances well
11. definition=in a manner affording benefit or advantage | examples=she married well
12. definition=in financial comfort | examples=They live well
13. definition=without unusual distress or resentment; with good humor | examples=took the joke well

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to identify which numbered sense of "well" is used in the sentence: "This does not sit <t>well</t> with some clerics."

 Let me analyze the sentence and the definitions:

 Sentence: "This does not sit well with some clerics."
 This is an idiom: "sit well with" means to be acceptable or agreeable to someone.

 Now let's look at the definitions:

 1. "in a good or proper or satisfactory manner" - This could potentially fit, but let's check others.
 2. "thoroughly or completely" - Not quite right.
 3. "indicating high probability" - No.
 4. "entirely or fully" - No.
 5. "to a suitable or appropriate extent or degree" - This is close. "Sit well with" means to be suitable or appropriate for someone's feelings or opinions.
 6. "favorably; with approval" - This could also fit. If something doesn't sit well with someone, it means they don't view it favorably or with approval.
 7. "to a great extent or degree" - No.
 8. "with great or especially intimate knowledge" - No.
 9. "with prudence or propriety" - No.
 10. "with skill or in a pleasing manner" - No.
 11. "in a manner affording benefit or advantage" - No.
 12. "in financial comfort" - No.
 13. "without unusual distress or resentment" - No.

 Let me think more carefully about "sit well with". This phrase means to be acceptable, agreeable, or pleasing to someone.

 Looking at definition 6: "favorably; with approval" - examples: "their neighbors spoke well of them"
 This means speaking favorably about them.

 But "sit well with" is about being acceptable or agreeable.

 Actually, looking at definition 5: "to a suitable or appropriate extent or degree" - examples: "the project was well underway"
 Hmm, that's about extent.

 Let me reconsider definition 1: "in a good or proper or satisfactory manner"
 The phrase "sit well" means to be in a satisfactory or proper manner with respect to someone's feelings or opinions.

 Actually, looking at standard dictionary definitions for "sit well with":
 - To be acceptable or agreeable to someone
 - To be something that someone likes or approves of

 Definition 6 says: "favorably; with approval"
 If something doesn't sit well with someone, it means they don't approve of it or don't view it favorably.

 But wait, let me look at definition 9: "with prudence or propriety" - "You would do well to say nothing more"
 This is about advisability.

 Actually, I think the best fit is definition 6: "favorably; with approval"
 When something "sits well" with someone, it means they accept it favorably or approve of it.

 But let me double-check by looking at the specific usage. "Sit well with" is an idiom where "well" functions as an adverb meaning "in a satisfactory manner" or "favorably."

 Definition 1: "in a good or proper or satisfactory manner"
 Definition 6: "favorably; with approval"

 Both seem possible. But definition 1 is more general, while definition 6 is more specific about approval.

 Actually, looking at the example for definition 6: "their neighbors spoke well of them" - this means spoke favorably.
 And "sit well with" means to be favorably received or to meet with approval.

 However, I should look at whether there's a more specific definition. The phrase "sit well" relates to being comfortable or acceptable.

 Let me reconsider definition 5: "to a suitable or appropriate extent or degree"
 Is "sit well" about extent? Not really.

 Definition 11: "in a manner affording benefit or advantage" - "she married well"
 This means she married to her advantage.

 Actually, looking at the phrase "sit well with", it's most similar to definition 6 or possibly definition 1.

 But I need to be careful. In the sentence "This does not sit well with some clerics," the word "well" is describing how something sits (is received/accepted) by the clerics.

 The phrase "sit well" means to be agreeable or acceptable.

 Looking at definition 6 again: "favorably; with approval"
 If something sits well with you, you approve of it or view it favorably.

 Definition 1: "in a good or proper or satisfactory manner"
 This is also possible.

 But typically, in lexicographic analysis, "sit well with" would be categorized under the sense of "favorably" or "in a satisfactory manner."

 Actually, looking at the examples:
 Definition 1 example: "the children behaved well" - this is about behaving in a good manner.
 Definition 6 example: "their neighbors spoke well of them" - this is about speaking favorably.

 "Sit well with" is closer to the "favorably" sense because it's about how something is received or perceived by others.

 However, I want to check if there's a definition about "comfort" or "agreeableness."

 Definition 13: "without unusual distress or resentment; with good humor" - "took the joke well"
 This is about receiving something without distress.

 Actually, "took the joke well" is similar to "sit well with" - both are about reception.
 But definition 13 specifically mentions "without unusual distress" and "took the joke well."

 "Sit well with" is about being agreeable or acceptable, not necessarily about handling distress.

 Let me look at definition 9 again: "with prudence or propriety" - "You would do well to say nothing more"
 This means it would be proper or advisable.

 Hmm.

 Actually, I think the answer is most likely definition 6: "favorably; with approval"

 But let me reconsider definition 1. The phrase "sit well" could mean "in a satisfactory manner."

 Wait, I should look at actual dictionary entries for this specific usage.

 In many dictionaries, "sit well with" is defined using "well" as meaning:
 - in a way that is acceptable or pleasing
 - favorably

 For example, from Oxford or Merriam-Webster:
 "sit well with someone" - to be acceptable to someone

 Definition 6: "favorably; with approval"
 Definition 1: "in a good or proper or satisfactory manner"

 I think definition 6 is the best match because "sit well with" specifically means to be viewed favorably or with approval by someone.

 Actually, looking more carefully at the definitions provided:
 Definition 1 mentions: "in a good or proper or satisfactory manner"
 Definition 6 mentions: "favorably; with approval"

 The phrase "does not sit well with" means is not acceptable to or does not please. This is about approval.

 So definition 6 seems right.

 But wait, I want to check definition 5: "to a suitable or appropriate extent or degree"
 Could "sit well" mean to sit to an appropriate degree? No, that doesn't make sense.

 Let me think about this differently. The word "well" in "sit well" is an adverb modifying "sit." The phrase means "to be seated/positioned in a comfortable or agreeable way" metaphorically.

 Actually, looking at the example for definition 1: "the children behaved well" - this is general good behavior.
 Definition 6: "their neighbors spoke well of them" - this is positive regard from others.

 "Sit well with" involves regard from others (the clerics). So definition 6 fits well.

 However, I want to check if there's a definition about "comfort" or "ease."

 Definition 13 mentions "without unusual distress" which is about comfort in receiving something.

 But "sit well with" is about the thing being suitable or agreeable, not about the person handling something well.

 Actually, looking at the sentence again: "This does not sit well with some clerics."
 This means: This is not agreeable to some clerics / This does not meet with the approval of some clerics.

 Definition 6: "favorably; with approval"

 I think the answer is 6.

 But let me double-check definition 1. Is "sit well" an example of "in a satisfactory manner"? Yes. But definition 6 is more specific to the context of approval and favor, which fits "with some clerics" (people who have opinions).

 Actually, looking at the exact wording of definition 1: "in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard"
 And definition 6: "favorably; with approval"

 The phrase "sit well with" is definitely about approval. If something sits well with you, you approve of it.

 So I believe the answer is 6.

 Wait, I want to check one more thing. Could it be definition 9?
 Definition 9: "with prudence or propriety" - "You would do well to say nothing more"
 This is about doing something advisably.

 No, "sit well with" is not about prudence.

 What about definition 11: "in a manner affording benefit or advantage" - "she married well"
 This means advantageously.

 "Sit well with" is not about advantage.

 So between 1 and 6, I think 6 is better because of the specific context of approval and the presence of "with some clerics" indicating the people whose approval is relevant.

 Actually, looking at the example for definition 6: "their neighbors spoke well of them"
 This is about speaking favorably about someone.

 "Sit well with" is about being favorably received by someone.

 Both involve favor/approval.

 Definition 1 is more general quality.

 So I'll go with 6.

 But I want to make sure. Let me think about whether "well" in "sit well" could be sense 1.

 Sense 1: "in a good or proper or satisfactory manner"
 If something sits well, it sits in a satisfactory manner.
 This is plausible.

 But the specific idiom "sit well with" is about being acceptable or agreeable to someone, which aligns more with "favorably" (sense 6).

 Actually, looking at various dictionary sources for this type of question, "sit well with" typically corresponds to the sense of "favorably" or "agreeably."

 Let me reconsider definition 5: "to a suitable or appropriate extent or degree"
 Could it be this? "The project was well underway" - this means to a considerable extent.
 "Sit well" doesn't mean "sit to a great extent."

 Definition 4: "entirely or fully" - "a book well worth reading"
 This is about degree/intensity.

 Definition 7: "to a great extent or degree" - "well over budget"
 Again, extent.

 So no.

 I think the answer is 6.

 Actually, one more check: Definition 13 "took the joke well" - this means received the joke without being upset.
 "Sit well with" is similar - it means to be received without objection or with approval.

 But definition 13 is specifically about "without unusual distress or resentment."
 "Sit well with" is broader - it's about general acceptability, not just handling distress.

 Definition 6 "favorably; with approval" is the best fit.

 Final answer: 6

provider: DeepInfra


[User]
Which numbered sense of "membership" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: With <t>membership</t> of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services.

Senses:
1. definition=the body of members of an organization or group | examples=they polled their membership
2. definition=the state of being a member

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to identify which sense of "membership" is used in the given sentence. Let me analyze the sentence and the two senses provided.

Sentence: "With <t>membership</t> of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services."

The word "membership" here refers to the group of people who are members of the Church of England - specifically, the body or collective group of members. The phrase "membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling" suggests that the number of members (the body of members) is decreasing.

Let me look at the two senses:
1. definition=the body of members of an organization or group | examples=they polled their membership
2. definition=the state of being a member

Sense 1 refers to the collective body of members - the group itself. In the sentence, "membership" is the subject that is "dwindling" (decreasing in number). This refers to the group of people who are members.

Sense 2 refers to the state or condition of being a member. This would be more like "He applied for membership" or "Membership has its privileges" (referring to the status).

In the given sentence, "membership of the Church of England" refers to the collective body of members, not the abstract state of being a member. The word "dwindling" (becoming smaller in number) applies to a countable group of people, not to an abstract state.

For example:
- Sense 1: "The membership of the club voted on the issue." (The members collectively)
- Sense 2: "She renewed her membership." (The status of being a member)

In the sentence: "With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling" - this clearly means the number of members is decreasing, which points to sense 1 (the body of members).

The example for sense 1 "they polled their membership" also supports this - you poll the members (the body of people).

So the answer should be 1.

provider: Moonshot AI


[User]
Which numbered sense of "steadily" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: With membership of the Church of England <t>steadily</t> dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services.

Senses:
1. definition=at a steady rate or pace | examples=his interest eroded steadily
2. definition=in a steady manner | examples=he could still walk steadily

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to identify which sense of "steadily" is used in the given sentence.

 Sentence: "With membership of the Church of England <t>steadily</t> dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services."

 The word "steadily" here modifies "dwindling" which means decreasing gradually.

 Let's look at the two senses:

 1. definition=at a steady rate or pace | examples=his interest eroded steadily
    - This sense describes something happening at a consistent, continuous rate.
    - "Eroded steadily" means eroding at a steady rate.
    - "Dwindling steadily" would mean decreasing at a steady rate.

 2. definition=in a steady manner | examples=he could still walk steadily
    - This sense describes the manner in which an action is performed, implying stability, firmness, or without shaking.
    - "Walk steadily" means walking in a steady manner (not stumbling, firm steps).

 In the sentence, "steadily dwindling" means the membership is decreasing at a steady rate or pace - it's a continuous, gradual decline. This matches sense 1.

 Sense 2 would apply to physical actions or manner of doing something (like walking, holding something, etc.), but "dwindling" is not a physical action performed in a "steady manner" in the sense of being stable or firm. Rather, it describes a rate of change.

 So the answer should be 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "vicar" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed <t>vicars</t> are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services.

Senses:
1. definition=a Roman Catholic priest who acts for another higher-ranking clergyman
2. definition=(Episcopal Church) a clergyman in charge of a chapel
3. definition=(Church of England) a clergyman appointed to act as priest of a parish

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to identify which sense of "vicar" is used in the given sentence. Let me analyze the sentence and the definitions.

 Sentence: "With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed <t>vicars</t> are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services."

 Key context clues:
 1. "membership of the Church of England" - This explicitly mentions the Church of England
 2. "vicars" are being discussed in the context of the Church of England

 Now let's look at the definitions:

 1. "definition=a Roman Catholic priest who acts for another higher-ranking clergyman" - This is Roman Catholic, not Church of England.

 2. "definition=(Episcopal Church) a clergyman in charge of a chapel" - This mentions Episcopal Church, not Church of England.

 3. "definition=(Church of England) a clergyman appointed to act as priest of a parish" - This explicitly mentions Church of England.

 The sentence explicitly mentions "the Church of England" in the first clause, so the correct sense must be the one that refers to the Church of England.

 Sense 3 matches perfectly: "(Church of England) a clergyman appointed to act as priest of a parish"

 Therefore, the answer is 3.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "press" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are <t>pressing</t> equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services.

Senses:
1. definition=exert pressure or force to or upon | examples=He pressed down on the boards
2. definition=force or impel in an indicated direction | examples=I urged him to finish his studies
3. definition=to be oppressive or burdensome; , | examples=weigh heavily on the mind
4. definition=place between two surfaces and apply weight or pressure | examples=pressed flowers
5. definition=squeeze or press together | examples=she compressed her lips
6. definition=crowd closely | examples=The crowds pressed along the street
7. definition=create by pressing | examples=Press little holes into the soft clay
8. definition=be urgent | examples=This is a pressing problem
9. definition=exert oneself continuously, vigorously, or obtrusively to gain an end or engage in a crusade for a certain cause or person; be an advocate for | examples=The liberal party pushed for reforms
10. definition=press from a plastic | examples=press a record
11. definition=make strenuous pushing movements during birth to expel the baby | examples=`Now push hard,' said the doctor to the woman
12. definition=press and smooth with a heated iron | examples=press your shirts
13. definition=lift weights | examples=This guy can press 300 pounds
14. definition=ask for or request earnestly | examples=The prophet bid all people to become good persons

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to identify which numbered sense of "press" is used in the given sentence.

 Sentence: "With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are <t>pressing</t> equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services."

 Let me analyze the sentence:
 - Subject: strong-willed vicars
 - Action: pressing
 - Object: equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers
 - Purpose/Goal: to attend services

 The vicars are trying to persuade or urge the ringers to attend services. They're applying pressure in a metaphorical sense to get them to do something.

 Now let's look at the definitions:

 1. exert pressure or force to or upon - This is physical pressure (He pressed down on the boards). Doesn't fit well here as it's metaphorical persuasion.

 2. force or impel in an indicated direction - "I urged him to finish his studies". This looks promising. The vicars are urging/impelling ringers to attend services.

 3. to be oppressive or burdensome - This is about weighing heavily on the mind. Not quite right.

 4. place between two surfaces and apply weight or pressure - Physical pressing (pressed flowers). Not this one.

 5. squeeze or press together - Physical (compressed her lips). No.

 6. crowd closely - Physical crowding. No.

 7. create by pressing - Making something by pressing. No.

 8. be urgent - "This is a pressing problem" - This is an adjective usage, but in the sentence "pressing" is a verb.

 9. exert oneself continuously, vigorously, or obtrusively to gain an end or engage in a crusade for a certain cause or person; be an advocate for - "The liberal party pushed for reforms". This could work - the vicars are advocating for attendance.

 10. press from a plastic - Manufacturing. No.

 11. make strenuous pushing movements during birth - No.

 12. press and smooth with a heated iron - Ironing. No.

 13. lift weights - No.

 14. ask for or request earnestly - "The prophet bid all people to become good persons". This could also work - asking earnestly for people to attend.

 Now I need to distinguish between 2, 9, and 14.

 Definition 2: "force or impel in an indicated direction" - examples: "I urged him to finish his studies"
 Definition 9: "exert oneself continuously, vigorously, or obtrusively to gain an end or engage in a crusade for a certain cause or person; be an advocate for" - examples: "The liberal party pushed for reforms"
 Definition 14: "ask for or request earnestly" - examples: "The prophet bid all people to become good persons"

 Looking at the sentence structure: "pressing... ringers to attend services"

 This structure "press someone to do something" aligns with:
 - Definition 2: "urge" - you urge someone to do something
 - Definition 9: This usually takes the structure "press for" something, or "press the case", but can it take a person as object?
 - Definition 14: "ask... earnestly" - you can ask someone to do something

 But looking at the specific wording of definition 9: "exert oneself continuously, vigorously, or obtrusively to gain an end or engage in a crusade for a certain cause or person; be an advocate for"

 The example is: "The liberal party pushed for reforms" - this is "push for", not "push someone to do something".

 Definition 2: "force or impel in an indicated direction" - example: "I urged him to finish his studies". This matches the structure "pressing... ringers to attend services" (urge/press someone to do something).

 Definition 14: "ask for or request earnestly" - example: "The prophet bid all people to become good persons". This is similar - bidding/asking people to become good.

 But "press" in the sense of urging someone strongly to do something is typically definition 2 or similar.

 Wait, let me look at definition 9 again. It says "exert oneself continuously... to gain an end... be an advocate for". The example "The liberal party pushed for reforms" suggests campaigning for a cause.

 But in the sentence, the vicars are pressing specific people (ringers) to do something specific (attend services). This is more direct persuasion/urging than general advocacy.

 Definition 2 seems best: "force or impel in an indicated direction" with the example "I urged him to finish his studies".

 Actually, looking at standard dictionary definitions, "press" meaning to urge or persuade strongly is often sense 2 in WordNet or similar databases.

 Let me double-check if there's a better match.

 Definition 9 could work if it means they're advocating for attendance, but the structure "pressing ringers" (direct object) suggests they're applying pressure to the ringers themselves, not just advocating for the cause.

 Definition 14: "ask for or request earnestly" - the object of "ask for" is usually the thing requested, not the person. But the example says "bid all people to become good persons" - here "bid" means to command or urge.

 Actually, looking carefully at definition 14: "ask for or request earnestly" - this might be transitive in a different way. But the example uses "bid" which can mean to urge or command.

 But definition 2 explicitly mentions "impel" and the example is "urged him to finish", which matches "pressing... to attend".

 I think definition 2 is the correct answer.

 Wait, I should also consider definition 9 more carefully. WordNet sense 9 for "press" is often: "exert oneself continuously, vigorously, or obtrusively to gain an end or engage in a crusade for a certain cause or person; be an advocate for" - synonyms: urge, urge on, press, exhort.

 But the example given in the prompt for 9 is: "The liberal party pushed for reforms" which suggests the structure is "press for [cause]".

 In the sentence, we have "pressing... ringers to attend" - the structure is press + person + to-infinitive.

 Definition 2: "force or impel in an indicated direction" - this can take the structure press + person + to do something.

 Definition 14: "ask for or request earnestly" - this might be "press someone for something" or "press someone to do something"?

 Actually, looking at standard WordNet data:
 - Press (v) sense 2: exert pressure or force to or upon
 - Press (v) sense 3: to be oppressive or burdensome
 - Press (v) sense 4: place between two surfaces...
 - Press (v) sense 5: squeeze or press together
 - Press (v) sense 6: crowd closely
 - Press (v) sense 7: create by pressing
 - Press (v) sense 8: be urgent (this is actually the adjective "pressing")
 - Press (v) sense 9: exert oneself continuously... (crusade for)
 - Press (v) sense 10: press from a plastic
 - Press (v) sense 11: make strenuous pushing movements during birth
 - Press (v) sense 12: press and smooth with a heated iron
 - Press (v) sense 13: lift weights
 - Press (v) sense 14: ask for or request earnestly

 Wait, I think I need to reconsider the numbering. The user lists 14 senses.

 Looking at the sentence again: "strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services"

 This means the vicars are urging or strongly encouraging the ringers to attend.

 In WordNet, the sense "urge strongly" is often:
 - WordNet 3.0: press (v) - sense 4: "make strenuous pushing movements during birth to expel the baby" - no
 - WordNet 3.0: press (v) - sense 9: "exert oneself continuously, vigorously, or obtrusively to gain an end or engage in a crusade for a certain cause or person; be an advocate for" - verb frames: "Somebody ----s something", "Somebody ----s somebody" - yes, this can take a person as object.

 But the example for 9 is "The liberal party pushed for reforms" which is intransitive or "push for".

 Actually, looking at the definitions provided in the prompt:

 Definition 2: "force or impel in an indicated direction" | examples=I urged him to finish his studies

 This is the best match. The structure "urge him to finish" matches "pressing... ringers to attend".

 Definition 14: "ask for or request earnestly" | examples=The prophet bid all people to become good persons

 This also has a similar structure "bid all people to become", but "bid" is different from "press".

 However, "press" in the sense of "urge" is more commonly associated with definition 2 in this specific list provided.

 Actually, looking at the example for definition 2: "I urged him to finish his studies" - this is clearly about urging someone to do something.

 The sentence has vicars urging ringers to attend services.

 Therefore, the answer should be 2.

 But let me double-check definition 9. If definition 9 is "exert oneself... to gain an end... be an advocate for", this could also fit if interpreted as the vicars advocating for church attendance to the ringers. But the specific example "The liberal party pushed for reforms" suggests a different usage (campaigning for a policy vs. urging specific individuals).

 Also, definition 14 with "ask for or request earnestly" - the example "The prophet bid all people to become good persons" is about exhortation or commanding, which is similar.

 But definition 2 explicitly uses "urge" in the example, which is the closest synonym to "press" in this context.

 I think 2 is the intended answer.

 Wait, I should verify if there's any other possibility.

 Definition 1: "exert pressure or force to or upon" - this could be metaphorical pressure, but the example "He pressed down on the boards" suggests physical pressure.

 Definition 9: "exert oneself continuously..." - this could be "pressuring" in the sense of campaigning.

 But given the example for 2 explicitly mentions "urged him to finish", and the sentence involves urging people to attend services, sense 2 is the best fit.

 Final check: The sentence uses "pressing... to attend" which is the structure of urging someone to do something.

 Answer: 2


[User]
Which numbered sense of "equally" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing <t>equally</t> strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services.

Senses:
1. definition=to the same degree (often followed by `as') | examples=they were equally beautiful
2. definition=in equal amounts or shares; in a balanced or impartial way | examples=a class evenly divided between girls and boys

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to identify which sense of "equally" is used in the given sentence.

 Sentence: "With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing <t>equally</t> strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services."

 The word "equally" here is modifying "strong-willed". It seems to be saying that the ringers are strong-willed to the same degree as the vicars.

 Let me look at the senses:

 Sense 1: "to the same degree (often followed by `as')" - examples: "they were equally beautiful"
 Sense 2: "in equal amounts or shares; in a balanced or impartial way" - examples: "a class evenly divided between girls and boys"

 In the sentence, "equally" is used to compare the degree of "strong-willed" between vicars and ringers. It means the ringers are strong-willed to the same degree as the vicars. This matches sense 1.

 Sense 2 would involve distribution or division, like "shared equally" or "divided equally", which isn't what's happening here.

 The structure is: "strong-willed vicars" ... "equally strong-willed ... ringers"

 This is comparing the degree of the quality (strong-willed) between two groups. So sense 1 is correct.

 Wait, let me double-check. The sentence says "strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed... ringers".

 Actually, looking more carefully: "pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers"

 The "equally" here modifies "strong-willed", indicating that the ringers are strong-willed to the same degree as the vicars.

 Yes, this is sense 1: to the same degree.

 Sense 2 would be about distribution, like "equally distributed" or treating people equally (impartially). But here it's about the degree of a quality.

 So the answer is 1.