[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: affect
Target surface form: affecting
Context:
Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups. However, in both studies, patients whose cancer was not <t>affecting</t> squamous cells had longer survival times if they received Alimta than if they received the comparator. In contrast, patients whose cancer was affecting squamous cells had shorter survival times if they received Alimta.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=affect%2:30:00:: | definition=have an effect upon | synonyms=impact, bear upon, bear on, touch on, touch | examples=Will the new rules affect me?
2. sense_key=affect%2:29:00:: | definition=act physically on; have an effect upon | examples=the medicine affects my heart rate
3. sense_key=affect%2:42:00:: | definition=connect closely and often incriminatingly | synonyms=involve, regard | examples=This new ruling affects your business
4. sense_key=affect%2:32:00:: | definition=make believe with the intent to deceive | synonyms=feign, sham, pretend, dissemble | examples=He feigned that he was ill; He shammed a headache
5. sense_key=affect%2:37:00:: | definition=have an emotional or cognitive impact upon | synonyms=impress, move, strike | examples=This child impressed me as unusually mature; This behavior struck me as odd

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the word "affecting" in the given context. The target lemma is "affect" and the surface form is "affecting".

Context analysis:
- The text is about medical/clinical trials of a drug called Alimta
- It's discussing survival times in patients with different types of cancer
- The specific sentence: "However, in both studies, patients whose cancer was not <t>affecting</t> squamous cells had longer survival times if they received Alimta than if they received the comparator."
- Later: "In contrast, patients whose cancer was affecting squamous cells had shorter survival times if they received Alimta."

So the meaning here is about cancer "involving" or "impacting" or "having an effect on" squamous cells. The cancer is acting upon or involving the squamous cells.

Let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=affect%2:30:00:: | definition=have an effect upon | synonyms=impact, bear upon, bear on, touch on, touch | examples=Will the new rules affect me?
   - This is a general "have an effect upon" sense. Could fit.

2. sense_key=affect%2:29:00:: | definition=act physically on; have an effect upon | examples=the medicine affects my heart rate
   - This is specifically about physical action. The context is about cancer affecting cells, which is a biological/physical process. This could fit well.

3. sense_key=affect%2:42:00:: | definition=connect closely and often incriminatingly | synonyms=involve, regard | examples=This new ruling affects your business
   - This seems more about involvement in a legal or abstract sense. The synonym "involve" is interesting because "cancer involving squamous cells" is a medical phrase. But "connect closely and often incriminatingly" seems off for biological context.

4. sense_key=affect%2:32:00:: | definition=make believe with the intent to deceive | synonyms=feign, sham, pretend, dissemble
   - Clearly not relevant here.

5. sense_key=affect%2:37:00:: | definition=have an emotional or cognitive impact upon | synonyms=impress, move, strike
   - This is about emotional impact, not relevant for cancer affecting cells.

Now between sense 1 and sense 2:
- Sense 1 (2:30:00): "have an effect upon" - general
- Sense 2 (2:29:00): "act physically on; have an effect upon" - specifically physical

In medical contexts, when we say cancer is "affecting" certain cells, we usually mean it is involving those cells, acting upon them physically/biologically.

Sense 2's example "the medicine affects my heart rate" is very similar in structure to "cancer affecting squamous cells" - both are biological entities (medicine/cancer) acting on biological systems (heart rate/squamous cells).

However, I should check if sense 3 might be relevant. Sense 3 has synonym "involve". In medical terminology, "affecting" often means "involving" in the sense of the disease process involving certain tissues. But the definition says "connect closely and often incriminatingly" which suggests a legal or guilt-related context ("incriminatingly"). The example "This new ruling affects your business" is about legal/business involvement.

Actually, looking at WordNet:
- affect%2:30:00:: is usually the general "have an effect upon" sense
- affect%2:29:00:: is specifically "act physically on"
- affect%2:42:00:: is "involve" in the sense of "concern" or "involve" (as in "this concerns you")

But wait, in medical texts, "affecting" is often used to mean "involving" specific anatomical structures. For example, "lesions affecting the skin."

Let me reconsider the senses based on typical WordNet distinctions:

Sense 1 (2:30:00): This is the most general sense of "affect" meaning to influence or produce a change in something.

Sense 2 (2:29:00): This is specifically about physical action. The gloss "act physically on; have an effect upon" suggests it's a hyponym of sense 1, specifically for physical interactions.

Sense 3 (2:42:00): "connect closely and often incriminatingly" - this is the "involve" sense, like "he was involved in the crime."

In the context: "patients whose cancer was not affecting squamous cells" - this means the cancer was not acting upon/involving the squamous cells. It's about the physical/biological involvement of the cancer with the cells.

Between sense 1 and sense 2, sense 2 seems more specific and appropriate because:
1. Cancer acting on cells is a physical/biological process
2. The example "the medicine affects my heart rate" parallels "cancer affecting squamous cells"
3. Sense 1 is more general and could apply to abstract things (rules, policies), while sense 2 is specifically for physical/biological interactions

However, I should verify if sense 3 could be correct. The synonym is "involve, regard". In medicine, we often say "cancer involving the lymph nodes." But "affecting" in this context is slightly different from "involving" - it emphasizes the pathological process acting upon the cells.

Actually, looking carefully at the context:
"patients whose cancer was not affecting squamous cells" vs "patients whose cancer was affecting squamous cells"

This is contrasting two groups: those with squamous cell involvement vs those without. In oncology, "affecting" here means the cancer is of the squamous cell type or involves squamous cells.

But wait, the distinction seems to be between cancers that involve squamous cells vs those that don't. Alimta works better for non-squamous cell lung cancer.

Is this about:
- The cancer physically acting on squamous cells (sense 2)?
- The cancer involving/concerning squamous cells (sense 3)?
- The cancer having an effect on squamous cells (sense 1)?

Given that this is a biological/medical context about a disease process acting on specific cell types, sense 2 (act physically on) seems most precise.

But let me double-check WordNet's actual sense distinctions. In WordNet:
- 2:30:00:: is "have an effect upon" (Impact)
- 2:29:00:: is "act physically on; have an effect upon" (usually for medicines, forces, etc.)
- 2:42:00:: is "involve" as in "concern" or "implicate"

In the sentence "cancer was not affecting squamous cells", the meaning is that the cancer is not of the type that targets/involves squamous cells, or the cancer is not physically present in/acting on the squamous cells.

Given the example for sense 2: "the medicine affects my heart rate" - this is a substance acting on a biological system. Cancer is a disease/condition acting on cells. This seems analogous.

Sense 1 is broader and could work, but sense 2 is more specific to the biological domain.

However, I should consider if "affecting" here could mean "concerned with" or "related to" (sense 3). But "incriminatingly" in the gloss makes it clear this is about guilt/legal involvement, which doesn't fit.

Sense 5 is emotional, clearly wrong.
Sense 4 is pretending, clearly wrong.

So it's between 1 and 2.

Given that the context is about a physical disease (cancer) and its physical interaction with specific cell types (squamous cells), and the example for sense 2 specifically mentions a medical context (medicine affecting heart rate), sense 2 appears to be the best choice.

Wait, I should check if there's any possibility that sense 1 is preferred. Sense 1 is the default/general sense. But in WSD, we should choose the most specific sense that fits. The biological/physical interaction is specifically sense 2.

Also, looking at the structure: "cancer was affecting squamous cells" - this is similar to "medicine affects heart rate" (both [medical entity] + affect + [biological target]).

Therefore, I choose sense 2.

But let me reconsider sense 3 once more. Could "involve" be the right meaning? If the cancer is "affecting" squamous cells, it means the cancer involves those cells. But WordNet sense 3 is defined as "connect closely and often incriminatingly" with synonyms "involve, regard". This is the sense used in "This affects you" meaning "This concerns you" or "You are involved in this". It's not the same as anatomical involvement.

In medical texts, "affect" usually maps to sense 2 (physical action) or sense 1 (general effect). Between these, the physical/biological specificity of sense 2 makes it the winner.

Final check: The question asks for the "single best indexed sense" and to return {"sense_index": 2}.

Wait, I need to make sure about the indexing. The user lists:
1. sense_key=affect%2:30:00::
2. sense_key=affect%2:29:00::
3. sense_key=affect%2:42:00::
4. sense_key=affect%2:32:00::
5. sense_key=affect%2:37:00::

So sense 2 is affect%2:29:00::.

Yes, that's the one I want.

One final thought: Could this be sense 1 because it's about the effect on survival times indirectly? No, the word "affecting" directly modifies "squamous cells" - it's describing which cells the cancer is acting upon. The survival time difference is a result of whether the cancer affects squamous cells or not.

So the direct object of affecting is "squamous cells" - the cells being acted upon physically by the disease.

Answer: {"sense_index": 2}

provider: Moonshot AI


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: long
Target surface form: longer
Context:
Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups. However, in both studies, patients whose cancer was not affecting squamous cells had <t>longer</t> survival times if they received Alimta than if they received the comparator. In contrast, patients whose cancer was affecting squamous cells had shorter survival times if they received Alimta.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=long%3:00:02:: | definition=primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified | examples=a long life; a long boring speech
2. sense_key=long%3:00:01:: | definition=primarily spatial sense; of relatively great or greater than average spatial extension or extension as specified | examples=a long road; a long distance
3. sense_key=long%5:00:00:tall:00 | definition=of relatively great height; - Sherwood Anderson | examples=a race of long gaunt men; looked out the long French windows
4. sense_key=long%3:00:00:: | definition=good at remembering | synonyms=retentive, recollective, tenacious | examples=a retentive mind; tenacious memory
5. sense_key=long%3:00:05:: | definition=holding securities or commodities in expectation of a rise in prices | examples=is long on coffee; a long position in gold
6. sense_key=long%3:00:04:: | definition=(of speech sounds or syllables) of relatively long duration | examples=the English vowel sounds in `bate', `beat', `bite', `boat', `boot' are long
7. sense_key=long%5:00:00:unsound:00 | definition=involving substantial risk | examples=long odds
8. sense_key=long%5:00:00:provident:00 | definition=planning prudently for the future | synonyms=farseeing, farsighted, foresighted, foresightful, prospicient, longsighted | examples=large goals that required farsighted policies; took a long view of the geopolitical issues
9. sense_key=long%5:00:00:abundant:00 | definition=having or being more than normal or necessary: | examples=long on brains; in long supply

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "longer" (lemma: long) in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 The text is about a medical study comparing survival times of patients with cancer. The specific sentence is: "However, in both studies, patients whose cancer was not affecting squamous cells had longer survival times if they received Alimta than if they received the comparator."

 The word "longer" here refers to duration of survival time - comparing 12.1 months vs 9.3 months, etc. It's about temporal duration.

 Looking at the candidate senses:
 1. sense_key=long%3:00:02:: | definition=primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified | examples=a long life; a long boring speech
 2. sense_key=long%3:00:01:: | definition=primarily spatial sense; of relatively great or greater than average spatial extension or extension as specified | examples=a long road; a long distance
 3. sense_key=long%5:00:00:tall:00 | definition=of relatively great height...
 4. sense_key=long%3:00:00:: | definition=good at remembering...
 5. sense_key=long%3:00:05:: | definition=holding securities...
 6. sense_key=long%3:00:04:: | definition=(of speech sounds or syllables)...
 7. sense_key=long%5:00:00:unsound:00 | definition=involving substantial risk...
 8. sense_key=long%5:00:00:provident:00 | definition=planning prudently for the future...
 9. sense_key=long%5:00:00:abundant:00 | definition=having or being more than normal or necessary...

 The context clearly involves "survival times" - which is a temporal/duration concept. The word "longer" is comparing the duration of survival between two groups of patients.

 Sense 1 is explicitly about "primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time". This matches perfectly with "longer survival times".

 Sense 2 is about spatial extension (physical length), which doesn't fit here.

 The other senses are clearly unrelated (height, memory, finance, phonetics, risk, planning, abundance).

 Therefore, the correct sense is sense 1 (index 1).

 Wait, I need to check the indexing. The user lists them as:
 1. sense_key=long%3:00:02::
 2. sense_key=long%3:00:01::
 3. sense_key=long%5:00:00:tall:00
 ...

 So sense 1 corresponds to the temporal duration meaning.

 The answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Chutes

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: survival
Target surface form: survival
Context:
Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups. However, in both studies, patients whose cancer was not affecting squamous cells had longer <t>survival</t> times if they received Alimta than if they received the comparator. In contrast, patients whose cancer was affecting squamous cells had shorter survival times if they received Alimta.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=survival%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of surviving; remaining alive | synonyms=endurance
2. sense_key=survival%1:22:00:: | definition=a natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment | synonyms=survival of the fittest, natural selection, selection
3. sense_key=survival%1:04:00:: | definition=something that survives

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "survival" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text is about a drug called Alimta used to treat cancer (malignant pleural mesothelioma, non-small cell lung cancer)
 - It discusses "survival time" of patients
 - It compares how long patients survived when taking different treatments
 - The word "survival" appears in the phrase "survival times" referring to how long patients remained alive

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=survival%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of surviving; remaining alive | synonyms=endurance
    - This seems to fit. It refers to the state of remaining alive, which matches "survival time" (duration of remaining alive).

 2. sense_key=survival%1:22:00:: | definition=a natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment | synonyms=survival of the fittest, natural selection, selection
    - This is about evolutionary biology/natural selection. The context is about cancer patients and medical treatment, not evolution. This doesn't fit.

 3. sense_key=survival%1:04:00:: | definition=something that survives
    - This refers to an object or thing that survives (like a relic or remnant). In the context, "survival" is referring to the act or state of surviving (remaining alive), not a physical thing that survives.

 The context clearly uses "survival" in the medical sense - referring to patients remaining alive for a certain period of time ("survival time"). This aligns with sense 1: "a state of surviving; remaining alive".

 The phrase "survival times" refers to the duration for which patients remained in the state of being alive. This is clearly about the state of surviving/remaining alive, not about natural selection or physical objects that survive.

 Therefore, the correct sense is sense 1.

 Wait, let me double-check the WordNet sense keys to make sure I understand the indices correctly:
 - survival%1:26:00:: - this is the first sense listed (index 1)
 - survival%1:22:00:: - this is the second sense listed (index 2)
 - survival%1:04:00:: - this is the third sense listed (index 3)

 Actually, looking at the candidate senses provided:
 1. sense_key=survival%1:26:00:: ...
 2. sense_key=survival%1:22:00:: ...
 3. sense_key=survival%1:04:00:: ...

 So sense_index should be 1.

 Let me verify the definitions once more:
 - Sense 1: "a state of surviving; remaining alive" - this fits "survival time" in medical context (how long someone remains alive)
 - Sense 2: "natural selection" - definitely wrong
 - Sense 3: "something that survives" - this would be like "a survival from ancient times" referring to an artifact, not a duration of life

 Yes, sense 1 is correct.

 The user wants the output as: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: time
Target surface form: times
Context:
Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups. However, in both studies, patients whose cancer was not affecting squamous cells had longer survival <t>times</t> if they received Alimta than if they received the comparator. In contrast, patients whose cancer was affecting squamous cells had shorter survival times if they received Alimta.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=time%1:11:00:: | definition=an instance or single occasion for some event | synonyms=clip | examples=this time he succeeded; he called four times
2. sense_key=time%1:28:05:: | definition=a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something | examples=take time to smell the roses; I didn't have time to finish
3. sense_key=time%1:28:00:: | definition=an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities) | examples=he waited a long time; the time of year for planting
4. sense_key=time%1:28:06:: | definition=a suitable moment | examples=it is time to go
5. sense_key=time%1:03:00:: | definition=the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past
6. sense_key=time%1:11:01:: | definition=a person's experience on a particular occasion | examples=he had a time holding back the tears; they had a good time together
7. sense_key=time%1:28:03:: | definition=a reading of a point in time as given by a clock | synonyms=clock time | examples=do you know what time it is?; the time is 10 o'clock
8. sense_key=time%1:28:04:: | definition=the fourth coordinate that is required (along with three spatial dimensions) to specify a physical event | synonyms=fourth dimension
9. sense_key=time%1:07:01:: | definition=rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration | synonyms=meter, metre
10. sense_key=time%1:28:01:: | definition=the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned | synonyms=prison term, sentence | examples=he served a prison term of 15 months; his sentence was 5 to 10 years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "times" in the given context. Let me analyze the context carefully.

The target word is "times" (plural of time), and the context is about medical/clinical trials discussing survival times of patients with cancer.

Looking at the specific sentence:
"However, in both studies, patients whose cancer was not affecting squamous cells had longer survival <t>times</t> if they received Alimta than if they received the comparator."

And later:
"In contrast, patients whose cancer was affecting squamous cells had shorter survival times if they received Alimta."

Here, "survival times" refers to the duration or length of time that patients survived. It's measuring the period of time from treatment to death or end of study.

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=time%1:11:00:: | definition=an instance or single occasion for some event | synonyms=clip | examples=this time he succeeded; he called four times
   - This seems to be about specific occurrences or instances. "He called four times" - this is counting discrete events. But in the context of "survival times", we're not counting discrete events, we're talking about durations.

2. sense_key=time%1:28:05:: | definition=a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something | examples=take time to smell the roses; I didn't have time to finish
   - This is about time as a resource you can use or control. Not quite right for survival duration in a medical context.

3. sense_key=time%1:28:00:: | definition=an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities) | examples=he waited a long time; the time of year for planting
   - This refers to a period or duration. The examples show "a long time" which is a duration. "Survival time" refers to the duration of survival.

4. sense_key=time%1:28:06:: | definition=a suitable moment | examples=it is time to go
   - This is about a specific moment being appropriate. Not relevant here.

5. sense_key=time%1:03:00:: | definition=the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past
   - This is the abstract concept of time as a dimension. Too general.

6. sense_key=time%1:11:01:: | definition=a person's experience on a particular occasion | examples=he had a time holding back the tears; they had a good time together
   - This is about having an experience. "Have a good time" - not relevant.

7. sense_key=time%1:28:03:: | definition=a reading of a point in time as given by a clock | synonyms=clock time | examples=do you know what time it is?; the time is 10 o'clock
   - This is about clock time, specific hours/minutes. Not relevant for survival duration.

8. sense_key=time%1:28:04:: | definition=the fourth coordinate that is required (along with three spatial dimensions) to specify a physical event | synonyms=fourth dimension
   - Physics concept of time as a dimension.

9. sense_key=time%1:07:01:: | definition=rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration | synonyms=meter, metre
   - Musical/ poetic meter. Not relevant.

10. sense_key=time%1:28:01:: | definition=the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned | synonyms=prison term, sentence | examples=he served a prison term of 15 months; his sentence was 5 to 10 years
    - This is specifically about prison sentences.

Now, looking at sense 3: "an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)" with examples like "he waited a long time".

But wait, let me look at sense 1 again. "an instance or single occasion for some event". The example "he called four times" - here "times" is plural and refers to discrete instances.

However, in "survival times", we're talking about measured durations. The context mentions specific lengths: "12.1 months", "9.3 months", "8.3 months", "7.9 months", "10.3 months". These are durations.

Looking at the WordNet structure, sense 1:11:00 is under noun.time (1:11) and seems to be about instances/occurrences.
Sense 1:28:00 is also under noun.time (1:28) and is about periods.

Actually, looking at the lexicographer file numbers:
- 1:11:00 - noun.time (instances)
- 1:28:00 - noun.time (periods)

The word "times" in "survival times" refers to the duration values measured for different patient groups. It's referring to the length of time patients survived.

Sense 3 (1:28:00): "an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)" - this seems to fit "survival time" as a period marked by the activity of surviving.

But let me double-check sense 1 (1:11:00): "an instance or single occasion for some event". Is survival time an "instance"? No, it's a duration.

However, looking at the examples for sense 1: "this time he succeeded; he called four times". In "he called four times", "times" refers to four separate instances of calling.

In the medical context, are we talking about multiple instances of survival? No, each patient has one survival time (the duration from treatment to death). When we say "longer survival times" (plural), we mean the survival durations for different groups or patients.

Actually, looking carefully at the context: "patients...had longer survival times" - this is plural because it refers to the survival durations of multiple patients or groups.

But semantically, "survival time" is a duration/period. In WordNet, "time" as a duration or period would be sense 1:28:00.

Let me verify with the prison term sense (10): "the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned". This is clearly a duration. But it's specific to prison. However, the hypernym or similar sense for general duration would be sense 3 (1:28:00).

Wait, actually looking at WordNet structure:
- Time as "prison term" (sense 10) is a specific type of "time" as period.
- Time as "an indefinite period" (sense 3) is the more general duration sense.

But I should check if there's a sense about measured duration...

Actually, looking at sense 1 again: "an instance or single occasion for some event". The word "times" in the sense of "four times" (frequency) is sense 1.

But in "survival times", it's not about frequency or instances. It's about the length of survival.

Consider the phrase "reaction times" in psychology - this refers to the duration measured. Or "running times" in sports. These would be durations/periods.

Given the options, sense 3 (1:28:00) "an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)" seems the best fit because:
1. It refers to a period/duration
2. The example "he waited a long time" shows it's about duration
3. Survival time is a period marked by the attribute of being alive/surviving

Sense 1 (1:11:00) would fit if we were saying "the patient died three times" (instances of dying), but that's not the case.

Therefore, the answer should be sense_index: 3.

Wait, but I need to be careful. The user asks for the "sense_index" which corresponds to the number in the list provided. So if the 3rd item in the list is sense_key=time%1:28:00::, then the answer is {"sense_index": 3}.

Let me verify the mapping:
1. time%1:11:00::
2. time%1:28:05::
3. time%1:28:00::
4. time%1:28:06::
5. time%1:03:00::
6. time%1:11:01::
7. time%1:28:03::
8. time%1:28:04::
9. time%1:07:01::
10. time%1:28:01::

Yes, sense 3 is time%1:28:00:: "an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)".

This matches "survival times" - periods of time marked by the activity of surviving.

Actually, looking at the definition of sense 1 again: "an instance or single occasion for some event". Could "survival times" mean instances of survival? No, that doesn't make sense. You don't have multiple "survival times" as in multiple occasions of surviving (unless you die and come back to life multiple times, which isn't the context here).

Could it be referring to "times" as in the plural of time when multiple patients are considered? Yes, but the semantic category is still about duration/period, not instance.

Actually, looking at medical terminology, "survival time" is definitely a duration - the time from diagnosis or treatment until death or last follow-up.

So sense 3 is correct.

One more check: Could it be sense 10 (prison term)? No, that's specifically about prison sentences. While structurally similar (a period of time someone is in a state), the definition specifically mentions imprisonment.

Could it be sense 2 (time as a resource)? "Take time to smell the roses" - no, survival time isn't something you control or use as a resource in this context.

Therefore, sense 3 is the best answer.

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: contrast
Target surface form: contrast
Context:
Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups. However, in both studies, patients whose cancer was not affecting squamous cells had longer survival times if they received Alimta than if they received the comparator. In <t>contrast</t>, patients whose cancer was affecting squamous cells had shorter survival times if they received Alimta.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=contrast%1:24:00:: | definition=the opposition or dissimilarity of things that are compared; , | synonyms=direct contrast | examples=in contrast to; by contrast
2. sense_key=contrast%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of distinguishing by comparing differences
3. sense_key=contrast%1:09:01:: | definition=a conceptual separation or distinction | synonyms=line, dividing line, demarcation | examples=there is a narrow line between sanity and insanity
4. sense_key=contrast%1:09:00:: | definition=the perceptual effect of the juxtaposition of very different colors
5. sense_key=contrast%1:07:00:: | definition=the range of optical density and tone on a photographic negative or print (or the extent to which adjacent areas on a television screen differ in brightness)

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "contrast" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text discusses clinical trial results comparing Alimta vs other treatments
 - It mentions survival times for different patient groups
 - The sentence with "contrast" is: "In <t>contrast</t>, patients whose cancer was affecting squamous cells had shorter survival times if they received Alimta."
 - This follows a previous sentence: "However, in both studies, patients whose cancer was not affecting squamous cells had longer survival times if they received Alimta than if they received the comparator."

 So the structure is:
 - Group A (non-squamous): longer survival with Alimta
 - In contrast, Group B (squamous): shorter survival with Alimta

 This is showing an opposition or dissimilarity between two things being compared.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=contrast%1:24:00:: | definition=the opposition or dissimilarity of things that are compared; , | synonyms=direct contrast | examples=in contrast to; by contrast
    - This seems to fit. The phrase "In contrast" is explicitly listed in the examples. It refers to the opposition between the two patient groups' outcomes.

 2. sense_key=contrast%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of distinguishing by comparing differences
    - This refers to the act of contrasting, not the state of being in contrast. The context uses "In contrast" as a prepositional phrase introducing a comparison, not describing an act.

 3. sense_key=contrast%1:09:01:: | definition=a conceptual separation or distinction | synonyms=line, dividing line, demarcation | examples=there is a narrow line between sanity and insanity
    - This is more about a boundary or line of demarcation, not about comparing two different outcomes.

 4. sense_key=contrast%1:09:00:: | definition=the perceptual effect of the juxtaposition of very different colors
    - This is about visual/color contrast, not relevant here.

 5. sense_key=contrast%1:07:00:: | definition=the range of optical density and tone on a photographic negative or print (or the extent to which adjacent areas on a television screen differ in brightness)
    - This is about photography/television technical contrast, not relevant.

 The phrase "In contrast" is a fixed expression meaning "on the other hand" or "conversely", indicating an opposition between two things being compared. This matches sense 1 perfectly, especially given the example "in contrast to; by contrast".

 The context is comparing two groups:
 1. Patients with non-squamous cell cancer: longer survival with Alimta
 2. Patients with squamous cell cancer: shorter survival with Alimta

 This is showing the opposition or dissimilarity between these two comparison results.

 Therefore, sense 1 is the correct choice.

 The user wants the output as: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: ModelRun


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: patients
Context:
Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups. However, in both studies, patients whose cancer was not affecting squamous cells had longer survival times if they received Alimta than if they received the comparator. In contrast, <t>patients</t> whose cancer was affecting squamous cells had shorter survival times if they received Alimta.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "patients" (lemma: patient) in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
- The text is about a medical/clinical study involving Alimta, cisplatin, docetaxel, and treatments for non-small cell lung cancer.
- It discusses survival times, chemotherapy, and different types of cancer cells (squamous cells).
- The target word "patients" refers to people receiving medical treatment for cancer.
- "In contrast, <t>patients</t> whose cancer was affecting squamous cells had shorter survival times if they received Alimta."

Now let's look at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Sense 1 is clearly the medical sense - a person receiving medical care.
Sense 2 is a linguistic/semantic role sense (like in "John hit Mary" where Mary is the patient).

In the context, "patients" refers to human beings undergoing cancer treatment. This is clearly sense 1 (patient%1:18:00::).

The instructions say:
- Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
- Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.
- Choose the single best indexed sense.

Since sense 1 is the first candidate, the index should be 1.

Wait, let me double-check the indexing. The candidates are listed as:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00::
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00::

So the index for the medical sense is 1.

The output should be: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: SiliconFlow


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cancer
Target surface form: cancer
Context:
Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups. However, in both studies, patients whose cancer was not affecting squamous cells had longer survival times if they received Alimta than if they received the comparator. In contrast, patients whose <t>cancer</t> was affecting squamous cells had shorter survival times if they received Alimta.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: | definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream | synonyms=malignant neoplastic disease
2. sense_key=cancer%1:18:00:: | definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer | synonyms=Crab
3. sense_key=cancer%1:17:00:: | definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
4. sense_key=cancer%1:15:00:: | definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22 | synonyms=Cancer the Crab, Crab
5. sense_key=cancer%1:05:00:: | definition=type genus of the family Cancridae | synonyms=genus Cancer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) on the word "cancer" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text is about medical treatment (Alimta, cisplatin, docetaxel)
 - It mentions "non-small cell lung cancer"
 - It discusses survival times in patients
 - It mentions "cancer was not affecting squamous cells" and "cancer was affecting squamous cells"
 - Squamous cells are a type of epithelial cell, and squamous cell carcinoma is a type of cancer

 The target word "cancer" appears in: "patients whose cancer was affecting squamous cells"

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:
 1. sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: - definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream | synonyms=malignant neoplastic disease
    - This is the medical/disease sense of cancer.

 2. sense_key=cancer%1:18:00:: - definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer | synonyms=Crab
    - This is the astrological sign sense (a person).

 3. sense_key=cancer%1:17:00:: - definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
    - This is the constellation sense.

 4. sense_key=cancer%1:15:00:: - definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sense from about June 21 to July 22 | synonyms=Cancer the Crab, Crab
    - This is the zodiac sign sense.

 5. sense_key=cancer%1:05:00:: - definition=type genus of the family Cancridae | synonyms=genus Cancer
    - This is the biological genus sense (crabs).

 The context clearly indicates a medical context discussing:
 - Lung cancer
 - Chemotherapy
 - Survival times
 - Squamous cells (which relates to squamous cell carcinoma, a type of cancer)
 - Cell types being affected by the disease

 Therefore, sense 1 is the correct sense: the malignant disease sense.

 The index appears to be 1 based on the ordering provided (sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: is listed first).

 Wait, I need to check the format. The user wants me to return {"sense_index": 3} format, where the number corresponds to the position in the list (1-indexed).

 So:
 1. sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: -> index 1
 2. sense_key=cancer%1:18:00:: -> index 2
 3. sense_key=cancer%1:17:00:: -> index 3
 4. sense_key=cancer%1:15:00:: -> index 4
 5. sense_key=cancer%1:05:00:: -> index 5

 The correct sense is the first one, so the answer should be {"sense_index": 1}.

 Let me double-check the context to make sure I'm not missing anything:
 - "non-small cell lung cancer" - definitely medical
 - "cancer was not affecting squamous cells" - definitely medical (squamous cell carcinoma)
 - "cancer was affecting squamous cells" - definitely medical

 Yes, this is clearly sense 1.

 The user instructions say:
 - "Choose the single best indexed sense"
 - "Do not answer with a WordNet sense key"
 - "Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}"

 So I should return: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: affect
Target surface form: affecting
Context:
Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups. However, in both studies, patients whose cancer was not affecting squamous cells had longer survival times if they received Alimta than if they received the comparator. In contrast, patients whose cancer was <t>affecting</t> squamous cells had shorter survival times if they received Alimta.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=affect%2:30:00:: | definition=have an effect upon | synonyms=impact, bear upon, bear on, touch on, touch | examples=Will the new rules affect me?
2. sense_key=affect%2:29:00:: | definition=act physically on; have an effect upon | examples=the medicine affects my heart rate
3. sense_key=affect%2:42:00:: | definition=connect closely and often incriminatingly | synonyms=involve, regard | examples=This new ruling affects your business
4. sense_key=affect%2:32:00:: | definition=make believe with the intent to deceive | synonyms=feign, sham, pretend, dissemble | examples=He feigned that he was ill; He shammed a headache
5. sense_key=affect%2:37:00:: | definition=have an emotional or cognitive impact upon | synonyms=impress, move, strike | examples=This child impressed me as unusually mature; This behavior struck me as odd

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) on the word "affecting" in the given medical context.

Let me analyze the context:
- This is about a clinical study of Alimta for lung cancer treatment
- The sentence is: "However, in both studies, patients whose cancer was not affecting squamous cells had longer survival times if they received Alimta than if they received the comparator. In contrast, patients whose cancer was affecting squamous cells had shorter survival times if they received Alimta."

The phrase "cancer was affecting squamous cells" suggests the cancer is acting upon, impacting, or involving the squamous cells. The cancer is having an effect on/in those specific cells.

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=affect%2:30:00:: | definition=have an effect upon | synonyms=impact, bear upon, bear on, touch on, touch | examples=Will the new rules affect me?
- This is a general "have an effect upon" sense.

2. sense_key=affect%2:29:00:: | definition=act physically on; have an effect upon | examples=the medicine affects my heart rate
- This specifically mentions acting physically on something. The example is about medicine affecting heart rate.

3. sense_key=affect%2:42:00:: | definition=connect closely and often incriminatingly | synonyms=involve, regard | examples=This new ruling affects your business
- This seems more about involvement or being implicated.

4. sense_key=affect%2:32:00:: | definition=make believe with the intent to deceive | synonyms=feign, sham, pretend, dissemble
- This is clearly about pretending, not relevant here.

5. sense_key=affect%2:37:00:: | definition=have an emotional or cognitive impact upon | synonyms=impress, move, strike
- This is about emotional impact, not relevant for cancer cells.

Now, between sense 1 and sense 2:
- Sense 1 is the general "have an effect upon" (affect%2:30:00::)
- Sense 2 is specifically "act physically on; have an effect upon" (affect%2:29:00::)

In medical contexts, when we say cancer is "affecting" specific cells, it means the cancer is physically acting upon or impacting those cells. The cancer is physically present in or acting on the squamous cells.

However, looking at the examples:
- Sense 1 example: "Will the new rules affect me?" - general impact
- Sense 2 example: "the medicine affects my heart rate" - physical/biological effect

The context here is biological/medical - cancer affecting squamous cells. This suggests sense 2 might be more appropriate because it specifically mentions acting physically on something, and the example involves a biological effect (medicine on heart rate).

But I need to be careful. In WordNet, sense 2:30:00 is often the most general sense of "affect" meaning to influence or impact. Sense 2:29:00 is specifically "act physically on".

Looking at the sentence again: "patients whose cancer was affecting squamous cells" - this could mean:
1. The cancer is impacting the squamous cells (physical/biological action)
2. The cancer involves the squamous cells (sense 3?)

Sense 3 says "connect closely and often incriminatingly" with synonyms "involve, regard". The example "This new ruling affects your business" suggests a connection or involvement relationship.

In medical terminology, when we say cancer is "affecting" certain cells, it typically means the cancer is present in or acting upon those cells - i.e., involving them or acting physically on them.

But looking at the contrast: "cancer was not affecting squamous cells" vs "cancer was affecting squamous cells" - this is distinguishing between cancer types based on histology. If the cancer is affecting squamous cells, it means it involves those cells or is of the squamous cell type.

Actually, looking more carefully at the medical context: This seems to be about non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and specifically comparing squamous cell carcinoma vs non-squamous. When they say "cancer was affecting squamous cells", they mean the cancer involves/is located in the squamous cells.

But let's look at the WordNet senses again carefully.

Sense 2:30:00 - "have an effect upon" - this is the most common general sense.
Sense 2:29:00 - "act physically on; have an effect upon" - this is specifically physical action.

In the sentence "the medicine affects my heart rate", the medicine is physically acting on the body to change the heart rate.

In "cancer affecting squamous cells", the cancer is a physical disease process acting on the cells.

However, I should check if sense 2:42:00 ("involve") might fit. The example is "This new ruling affects your business" - here it means the business is involved or concerned by the ruling.

But in the medical context, "affecting" with cancer usually means the pathological process is acting upon the tissue, not just that the tissue is involved in the sense of being concerned.

Between sense 1 (2:30:00) and sense 2 (2:29:00):
- Sense 2 seems more specific to physical/biological contexts
- Sense 1 is more general

But looking at WordNet structure, sense 2:30:00 is usually the primary sense of "affect" (to influence), while 2:29:00 is a specific subsense about physical action.

Wait, I need to look at the actual WordNet sense keys provided:
1. affect%2:30:00:: - have an effect upon
2. affect%2:29:00:: - act physically on; have an effect upon
3. affect%2:42:00:: - connect closely and often incriminatingly (involve)
4. affect%2:32:00:: - make believe (feign)
5. affect%2:37:00:: - have an emotional impact

Sense 2:29 is in the "verb.body" lexfile (based on the 29 - though I should verify the lexfile numbers). Actually, in WordNet sense keys:
- 2:30 is usually verb.change
- 2:29 is usually verb.body
- 2:42 is usually verb.stative
- 2:32 is usually verb.creation or verb.communication?
- 2:37 is usually verb.emotion

Let me think about the specific context again. The cancer is a physical disease. When it "affects" squamous cells, it means the cancer is present in those cells, damaging them, growing in them, etc. This is a physical action.

The example for sense 2 is "the medicine affects my heart rate" - this is exactly the type of biological/physical effect we're talking about.

The example for sense 1 is "Will the new rules affect me?" - this is a more abstract influence.

Therefore, sense 2 (act physically on; have an effect upon) seems most appropriate for a medical context where cancer is acting upon cells.

However, I should also consider if "involve" (sense 3) might be intended. In medical reports, doctors sometimes say "the tumor affects the lung" or "the cancer involves the lymph nodes". But "affect" and "involve" are distinct.

Actually, looking at the gloss for sense 3: "connect closely and often incriminatingly" - this seems more about legal or abstract connections (like "this affects your business"), not biological tissue involvement.

And the squamous cells are the type of cells being affected by the cancer. So the cancer is acting upon those cells physically.

Therefore, my choice is sense 2: affect%2:29:00:: (act physically on; have an effect upon).

But wait, I should double-check. In many WSD datasets, "affect" in medical contexts often maps to the general sense (have an effect upon) unless it's specifically about pretending or emotions.

Let me reconsider sense 1 vs sense 2.

Sense 1: "have an effect upon" - very general
Sense 2: "act physically on; have an effect upon" - specific to physical actions

The question is: is the distinction between physical and non-physical crucial here, and is this definitely physical?

Cancer affecting cells is definitely a physical biological process. The cells are being physically damaged or altered by the cancer.

Moreover, the example "the medicine affects my heart rate" is biomedical, just like our context.

Therefore, sense 2 seems correct.

But I want to check if there's any chance sense 1 is preferred as a broader category. In WordNet, sometimes the more specific sense is preferred when applicable.

The key is that sense 2 is specifically for physical actions. Medicine affecting heart rate is physical. Cancer affecting cells is physical.

So I'll go with sense 2 (index 2).

Wait, the user asks for the "sense_index". Looking at the format:
Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=...
2. sense_key=...
3. sense_key=...
4. sense_key=...
5. sense_key=...

So the index is 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.

I choose index 2.

But let me reconsider one more time. Is it possible that "affecting" here means "involving" in the sense of "the cancer involves squamous cells"?

If the cancer is squamous cell carcinoma, it's composed of squamous cells. Saying it is "affecting squamous cells" might mean it is involving them (as in, the cancer is in those cells).

But looking at sense 3's gloss: "connect closely and often incriminatingly" with synonyms "involve, regard". This seems like "this affects you" meaning "you are involved in this (possibly blame-worthy) situation".

In the medical sense, "affect" doesn't usually mean "involve" in the sense of "concern" or "implicate". It means to produce a change in, to act upon.

Also, the distinction being made in the text is between cancer that affects (involves/acts upon) squamous cells vs cancer that does not affect squamous cells. In lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma is a specific type. The cancer is literally made of or acting upon squamous cells.

Given the medical context and the parallel with "the medicine affects my heart rate", sense 2 is the best fit.

Final check: Could it be sense 1? Sense 1 is the hypernym of sense 2 (sense 2 is a specific way of having an effect - physically). In WSD, we usually prefer the more specific sense if the context supports it. The medical/biological context clearly supports the physical action interpretation.

Therefore: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: short
Target surface form: shorter
Context:
Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups. However, in both studies, patients whose cancer was not affecting squamous cells had longer survival times if they received Alimta than if they received the comparator. In contrast, patients whose cancer was affecting squamous cells had <t>shorter</t> survival times if they received Alimta.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=short%3:00:02:: | definition=primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration | examples=a short life; a short flight
2. sense_key=short%3:00:01:: | definition=(primarily spatial sense) having little length or lacking in length | examples=short skirts; short hair
3. sense_key=short%3:00:03:: | definition=low in stature; not tall | synonyms=little | examples=he was short and stocky; short in stature
4. sense_key=short%5:00:00:insufficient:00 | definition=not sufficient to meet a need | synonyms=inadequate, poor | examples=an inadequate income; a poor salary
5. sense_key=short%3:00:00:: | definition=(of memory) deficient in retentiveness or range | synonyms=unretentive, forgetful | examples=a short memory
6. sense_key=short%3:00:05:: | definition=not holding securities or commodities that one sells in expectation of a fall in prices | examples=a short sale; short in cotton
7. sense_key=short%3:00:04:: | definition=of speech sounds or syllables of relatively short duration | examples=the English vowel sounds in `pat', `pet', `pit', `pot', putt' are short
8. sense_key=short%5:00:02:insufficient:00 | definition=less than the correct or legal or full amount often deliberately so | synonyms=light, scant | examples=a light pound; a scant cup of sugar
9. sense_key=short%5:00:00:improvident:00 | definition=lacking foresight or scope | synonyms=shortsighted, unforesightful, myopic | examples=a short view of the problem; shortsighted policies
10. sense_key=short%5:00:00:breakable:00 | definition=tending to crumble or break into flakes due to a large amount of shortening | examples=shortbread is a short crumbly cookie; a short flaky pie crust
11. sense_key=short%5:00:00:discourteous:00 | definition=marked by rude or peremptory shortness | synonyms=brusque, brusk, curt | examples=try to cultivate a less brusque manner; a curt reply

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "shorter" (lemma: short) in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 The text is about clinical trials comparing survival times of cancer patients receiving different treatments (Alimta vs. comparators).
 The specific sentence: "In contrast, patients whose cancer was affecting squamous cells had shorter survival times if they received Alimta."

 Here, "shorter" modifies "survival times", referring to duration of time.

 Looking at the candidate senses:
 1. sense_key=short%3:00:02:: | definition=primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration | examples=a short life; a short flight
 2. sense_key=short%3:00:01:: | definition=(primarily spatial sense) having little length or lacking in length | examples=short skirts; short hair
 3. sense_key=short%3:00:03:: | definition=low in stature; not tall | synonyms=little | examples=he was short and stocky; short in stature
 4. sense_key=short%5:00:00:insufficient:00 | definition=not sufficient to meet a need | synonyms=inadequate, poor | examples=an inadequate income; a poor salary
 5. sense_key=short%3:00:00:: | definition=(of memory) deficient in retentiveness or range | synonyms=unretentive, forgetful | examples=a short memory
 6. sense_key=short%3:00:05:: | definition=not holding securities or commodities that one sells in expectation of a fall in prices | examples=a short sale; short in cotton
 7. sense_key=short%3:00:04:: | definition=of speech sounds or syllables of relatively short duration | examples=the English vowel sounds in `pat', `pet', `pit', `pot', putt' are short
 8. sense_key=short%5:00:02:insufficient:00 | definition=less than the correct or legal or full amount often deliberately so | synonyms=light, scant | examples=a light pound; a scant cup of sugar
 9. sense_key=short%5:00:00:improvident:00 | definition=lacking foresight or scope | synonyms=shortsighted, unforesightful, myopic | examples=a short view of the problem; shortsighted policies
 10. sense_key=short%5:00:00:breakable:00 | definition=tending to crumble or break into flakes due to a large amount of shortening | examples=shortbread is a short crumbly cookie; a short flaky pie crust
 11. sense_key=short%5:00:00:discourteous:00 | definition=marked by rude or peremptory shortness | synonyms=brusque, brusk, curt | examples=try to cultivate a less brusque manner; a curt reply

 The context clearly refers to "survival times" - this is a temporal/duration concept. The patients had shorter survival times (lived for less time).

 Sense 1 explicitly mentions "primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration" with examples "a short life; a short flight". This matches perfectly with "shorter survival times".

 Sense 2 is spatial (length).
 Sense 3 is about height/stature.
 Sense 4 is about insufficiency (but not specifically temporal).
 Sense 5 is about memory.
 Sense 6 is financial.
 Sense 7 is about speech sounds.
 Sense 8 is about amounts/quantities being less than correct/legal.
 Sense 9 is about foresight.
 Sense 10 is about texture (crumbly).
 Sense 11 is about rudeness.

 Therefore, the correct sense is index 1 (short%3:00:02::).

 Wait, I need to check the indexing. The user lists them as:
 1. sense_key=short%3:00:02::
 2. sense_key=short%3:00:01::
 3. sense_key=short%3:00:03::
 4. sense_key=short%5:00:00:insufficient:00
 5. sense_key=short%3:00:00::
 6. sense_key=short%3:00:05::
 7. sense_key=short%3:00:04::
 8. sense_key=short%5:00:02:insufficient:00
 9. sense_key=short%5:00:00:improvident:00
 10. sense_key=short%5:00:00:breakable:00
 11. sense_key=short%5:00:00:discourteous:00

 So the index to return is 1.

 Let me double-check:
 - "shorter survival times" = limited in duration = temporal sense.
 - Example given in sense 1: "a short life" - this is exactly analogous to "shorter survival times".
 - The context compares months of survival (12.1 months vs 9.3 months, etc.), so it's clearly about duration.

 Yes, sense 1 is correct.

provider: Phala


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: survival
Target surface form: survival
Context:
Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups. However, in both studies, patients whose cancer was not affecting squamous cells had longer survival times if they received Alimta than if they received the comparator. In contrast, patients whose cancer was affecting squamous cells had shorter <t>survival</t> times if they received Alimta.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=survival%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of surviving; remaining alive | synonyms=endurance
2. sense_key=survival%1:22:00:: | definition=a natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment | synonyms=survival of the fittest, natural selection, selection
3. sense_key=survival%1:04:00:: | definition=something that survives

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "survival" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 The text is about medical/clinical trials comparing cancer treatments (Alimta vs other drugs). It discusses "survival time" - how long patients lived after receiving different treatments.

 The target word "survival" appears in the phrase "survival times" referring to how long patients with cancer lived.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=survival%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of surviving; remaining alive | synonyms=endurance
    - This seems to refer to the state or condition of being alive, continuing to live.
    - In medical contexts, "survival time" refers to the duration someone remains alive.
    - This fits with "survival times" in the context of cancer patients.

 2. sense_key=survival%1:22:00:: | definition=a natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment | synonyms=survival of the fittest, natural selection, selection
    - This is about evolutionary biology, natural selection.
    - The context is about cancer treatment, not evolution.
    - Doesn't fit.

 3. sense_key=survival%1:04:00:: | definition=something that survives
    - This refers to an artifact or remnant that survives from the past (like a survival of ancient customs).
    - The context is talking about time periods (12.1 months, 9.3 months), not objects or customs that survive.
    - Doesn't fit.

 So sense 1 is clearly the best fit. The context discusses how long patients remained alive (survival time), which is "a state of surviving; remaining alive."

 The phrase "survival times" in oncology refers to the duration of survival, i.e., the state of remaining alive for a certain period.

 Therefore, the answer should be sense_index: 1.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: time
Target surface form: times
Context:
Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups. However, in both studies, patients whose cancer was not affecting squamous cells had longer survival times if they received Alimta than if they received the comparator. In contrast, patients whose cancer was affecting squamous cells had shorter survival <t>times</t> if they received Alimta.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=time%1:11:00:: | definition=an instance or single occasion for some event | synonyms=clip | examples=this time he succeeded; he called four times
2. sense_key=time%1:28:05:: | definition=a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something | examples=take time to smell the roses; I didn't have time to finish
3. sense_key=time%1:28:00:: | definition=an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities) | examples=he waited a long time; the time of year for planting
4. sense_key=time%1:28:06:: | definition=a suitable moment | examples=it is time to go
5. sense_key=time%1:03:00:: | definition=the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past
6. sense_key=time%1:11:01:: | definition=a person's experience on a particular occasion | examples=he had a time holding back the tears; they had a good time together
7. sense_key=time%1:28:03:: | definition=a reading of a point in time as given by a clock | synonyms=clock time | examples=do you know what time it is?; the time is 10 o'clock
8. sense_key=time%1:28:04:: | definition=the fourth coordinate that is required (along with three spatial dimensions) to specify a physical event | synonyms=fourth dimension
9. sense_key=time%1:07:01:: | definition=rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration | synonyms=meter, metre
10. sense_key=time%1:28:01:: | definition=the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned | synonyms=prison term, sentence | examples=he served a prison term of 15 months; his sentence was 5 to 10 years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "times" in the given context. The target lemma is "time" and the surface form is "times" (plural).

Let me analyze the context:
The text is about a clinical study comparing survival rates of patients receiving different cancer treatments (Alimta vs. comparators). The specific sentence containing the target word is: "In contrast, patients whose cancer was affecting squamous cells had shorter survival <t>times</t> if they received Alimta."

Here, "times" refers to the duration or length of survival - specifically how long patients lived. It's talking about periods of time measured in months (as seen in previous sentences mentioning 12.1 months, 9.3 months, etc.).

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=time%1:11:00:: - "an instance or single occasion for some event" - This is about specific occurrences/occasions. Example: "he called four times". This doesn't fit because we're talking about duration/survival time, not number of occasions.

2. sense_key=time%1:28:05:: - "a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something" - This is about time as a resource. Example: "take time to smell the roses". Doesn't fit - survival time isn't being discussed as a resource to accomplish something.

3. sense_key=time%1:28:00:: - "an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)" - Examples: "he waited a long time", "the time of year for planting". This could potentially fit, as survival time is a period marked by the activity of surviving.

4. sense_key=time%1:28:06:: - "a suitable moment" - Example: "it is time to go". Not relevant.

5. sense_key=time%1:03:00:: - "the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past" - This is the abstract concept of time. Not specific enough for "survival times".

6. sense_key=time%1:11:01:: - "a person's experience on a particular occasion" - Example: "they had a good time together". This is about experiences/events, not duration.

7. sense_key=time%1:28:03:: - "a reading of a point in time as given by a clock" - This is about clock time (e.g., 10 o'clock). Not relevant.

8. sense_key=time%1:28:04:: - "the fourth coordinate... to specify a physical event" - Physics concept of time as a dimension. Not relevant.

9. sense_key=time%1:07:01:: - "rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration" - Musical meter. Not relevant.

10. sense_key=time%1:28:01:: - "the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned" - Specific to prison sentences. Not relevant.

Wait, I need to look more carefully. The context is about "survival times" - this refers to the duration or length of time that patients survived.

Looking at sense 1: "an instance or single occasion for some event" - this is the sense used in "four times" (frequency). But "survival times" here refers to durations.

Actually, looking at the WordNet senses more carefully:
- Sense 1 (time%1:11:00::) is the "instance/occasion" sense - like "this time", "many times"
- Sense 3 (time%1:28:00::) is "an indefinite period" - like "a long time"
- Sense 2 (time%1:28:05::) is time as a resource

But "survival time" is a specific medical term referring to the length of time a patient survives. In WordNet, this would likely be sense 3: "an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)" - because it's a period marked by the specific attribute of survival (being alive).

However, I should also consider if there's a sense about "duration" or "length of time". Looking at the list, sense 3 seems closest: "an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)".

But wait, let me reconsider sense 1. Is "times" here being used as a plural of "time" meaning "occasion"? No, "survival times" means the durations of survival. In medical contexts, "survival time" refers to how long someone lives.

Actually, looking at the examples in sense 1: "this time he succeeded; he called four times" - this is about occurrences. "Survival times" is not about how many occasions of survival, but about the duration.

Sense 3: "an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)" - examples: "he waited a long time", "the time of year for planting". This fits "survival time" - it's a period marked by the activity of surviving.

But I should check if there's a more specific sense about measured durations... Looking at the list again, I don't see a specific "duration" sense separate from sense 3.

Sense 2 is about time as a resource ("I didn't have time to finish").
Sense 3 is about a period of time.

"Survival times" in the context refers to the measured durations (in months) that patients survived. This fits sense 3: "an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)" - specifically, the period is marked by the attribute of survival.

Actually, looking at WordNet more carefully (from my knowledge), sense 1:11:00 is the "instance" sense (as in "three times"), while sense 1:28:00 is the "period" sense.

In the phrase "survival times", we're talking about multiple measurements of time periods (durations). So sense 3 (time%1:28:00::) seems correct.

But let me double-check: could it be sense 1? "Patients... had shorter survival times" - could this mean "on shorter occasions"? No, that doesn't make sense. It's clearly about duration.

Could it be sense 5 (the continuum of experience)? No, that's too abstract.

So sense 3 appears to be the best fit: "an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)" - the activity being survival.

Wait, I should verify the WordNet sense keys. The format is time%1:28:00:: which means:
- lemma: time
- lexicographer file: noun.time (1:28)
- lex_id: 00

In WordNet 3.0/3.1, the senses for "time" (noun) include:
1. time, clip (an instance or single occasion for some event) - "this time he succeeded"; "he called four times"
2. time (an indefinite period, usually marked by specific attributes) - "he waited a long time"; "the time of year for planting"
3. time (a suitable moment) - "it is time to go"
4. time (the continuum of experience...) - "he began to feel the pressure of time"
5. time (a person's experience on a particular occasion) - "he had a time holding back the tears"
6. clock time, time (a reading of a point in time) - "do you know what time it is?"
7. time, fourth dimension (the fourth coordinate...)
8. meter, metre, time (rhythm...)
9. prison term, sentence, time (the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned)

And there's also: time (a period of time considered as a resource...)

Actually, looking at the candidate list provided:
1. time%1:11:00:: - instance/occasion (clip)
2. time%1:28:05:: - resource
3. time%1:28:00:: - indefinite period
4. time%1:28:06:: - suitable moment
5. time%1:03:00:: - continuum
6. time%1:11:01:: - experience/occasion
7. time%1:28:03:: - clock time
8. time%1:28:04:: - fourth dimension
9. time%1:07:01:: - meter/metre
10. time%1:28:01:: - prison term

So sense 3 in the list (index 3) is "an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)".

But "survival time" is actually a specific measured duration. However, in WordNet, durations like "a long time" fall under sense 3. The phrase "survival time" refers to the duration of survival.

Actually, looking at medical usage, "survival time" is the length of time from diagnosis or treatment to death or end of study. This is a period/duration.

Between sense 1 (instance/occasion) and sense 3 (period), clearly sense 3 is correct because we're talking about how long they survived, not how many occasions of survival.

Sense 3 examples: "he waited a long time", "the time of year for planting" - these are periods/durations.

Therefore, the answer should be sense_index: 3.

But wait, I need to be careful. The word is "times" (plural). In "survival times", the plural suggests multiple measurements or instances of time periods. But the underlying sense is still the "period" sense, not the "instance/occasion" sense.

For example, if we say "the times were 5 minutes and 10 minutes", we mean the durations were 5 and 10 minutes. This uses sense 3 (periods), not sense 1 (occasions).

Sense 1 would be: "He survived four times" (meaning he survived on four occasions), but that's not what the text says. It says "shorter survival times" meaning the duration was shorter.

So yes, sense 3 is correct.

One final check: could it be sense 2 (resource)? "shorter survival times" - is time being treated as a resource here? No, it's just the measured duration.

Sense 10 (prison term)? No.

Sense 7 (clock time)? No.

So the answer is definitely sense 3.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: mathematical
Target surface form: mathematical
Context:
kalgebra is a <t>mathematical</t> calculator based on content markup MathML language. Nowadays it is capable to make simple MathML operations (arithmetic and logical) and to representate 2D and 3D graphs.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=mathematical%3:01:00:: | definition=of or pertaining to or of the nature of mathematics | examples=a mathematical textbook; slide rules and other mathematical instruments
2. sense_key=mathematical%3:00:00:: | definition=relating to or having ability to think in or work with numbers | synonyms=numerical | examples=tests for rating numerical aptitude; a mathematical whiz
3. sense_key=mathematical%5:00:00:unquestionable:00 | definition=beyond question | examples=a mathematical certainty
4. sense_key=mathematical%5:00:00:possible:00 | definition=statistically possible though highly improbable | examples=have a mathematical chance of making the playoffs
5. sense_key=mathematical%5:00:00:exact:00 | definition=characterized by the exactness or precision of mathematics | examples=mathematical precision

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) on the word "mathematical" in the given context.

 Context: "kalgebra is a <t>mathematical</t> calculator based on content markup MathML language. Nowadays it is capable to make simple MathML operations (arithmetic and logical) and to representate 2D and 3D graphs."

 Target lemma: mathematical
 Target surface form: mathematical

 Candidate senses:
 1. sense_key=mathematical%3:01:00:: | definition=of or pertaining to or of the nature of mathematics | examples=a mathematical textbook; slide rules and other mathematical instruments
 2. sense_key=mathematical%3:00:00:: | definition=relating to or having ability to think in or work with numbers | synonyms=numerical | examples=tests for rating numerical aptitude; a mathematical whiz
 3. sense_key=mathematical%5:00:00:unquestionable:00 | definition=beyond question | examples=a mathematical certainty
 4. sense_key=mathematical%5:00:00:possible:00 | definition=statistically possible though highly improbable | examples=have a mathematical chance of making the playoffs
 5. sense_key=mathematical%5:00:00:exact:00 | definition=characterized by the exactness or precision of mathematics | examples=mathematical precision

 Analysis:
 - The context describes "kalgebra" as a calculator based on MathML (Mathematical Markup Language), capable of making MathML operations and representing graphs.
 - The word "mathematical" here modifies "calculator" and describes something related to the field/nature of mathematics.
 - Sense 1: "of or pertaining to or of the nature of mathematics" - This fits well. A mathematical calculator is a calculator pertaining to mathematics. The examples include "mathematical textbook" and "mathematical instruments", which aligns with "mathematical calculator".
 - Sense 2: "relating to or having ability to think in or work with numbers" - This seems to describe a person or aptitude (like "mathematical whiz"), not an object like a calculator. While a calculator works with numbers, the primary meaning here is about the domain/field of mathematics, not numerical aptitude.
 - Sense 3: "beyond question" - This is used in phrases like "mathematical certainty". The context doesn't suggest certainty or unquestionability.
 - Sense 4: "statistically possible though highly improbable" - Used in phrases like "mathematical chance". Not applicable here.
 - Sense 5: "characterized by the exactness or precision of mathematics" - While calculators are precise, the context emphasizes that it's based on MathML and does mathematical operations, not specifically emphasizing precision/exactness as the primary meaning. However, this is a possible interpretation.

 Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 5:
 - Sense 1 is the general sense "pertaining to mathematics".
 - Sense 5 is more specific: "characterized by exactness or precision".
 - In the phrase "mathematical calculator", the primary meaning is that it's a calculator for mathematics (pertaining to the field), not necessarily emphasizing its precision (though it may be precise). The examples for Sense 1 include "mathematical instruments", which is very close to "mathematical calculator".
 - The context mentions "MathML language", "MathML operations", "arithmetic and logical" operations - these all point to the field/domain of mathematics (Sense 1), not specifically to precision (Sense 5) or numerical aptitude (Sense 2).

 Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.

 The user wants the output as: {"sense_index": 1}

 Wait, I need to check the sense indices. The user lists them as:
 1. sense_key=...
 2. sense_key=...
 3. sense_key=...
 4. sense_key=...
 5. sense_key=...

 So the index corresponds to the number in the list.

 Sense 1: mathematical%3:01:00::
 Sense 2: mathematical%3:00:00::
 Sense 3: mathematical%5:00:00:unquestionable:00
 Sense 4: mathematical%5:00:00:possible:00
 Sense 5: mathematical%5:00:00:exact:00

 I should choose sense_index: 1.

 Let me double-check:
 - "mathematical calculator" - is it a calculator characterized by exactness, or a calculator pertaining to mathematics?
 - In WordNet, sense 1 (3:01:00) is the "pertaining to mathematics" sense.
 - Sense 5 (5:00:00:exact:00) is the "exact/precise" sense.
 - Looking at the examples:
   - Sense 1: "a mathematical textbook; slide rules and other mathematical instruments" - "mathematical calculator" fits this pattern perfectly (instrument/tool for math).
   - Sense 5: "mathematical precision" - this is about the quality of being exact.

 The context emphasizes the domain (MathML, math operations), not the precision. So Sense 1 is correct.

 Final check: The user said "Do not answer with a WordNet sense key." and "Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}."

 So I will return: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: base
Target surface form: based
Context:
kalgebra is a mathematical calculator <t>based</t> on content markup MathML language. Nowadays it is capable to make simple MathML operations (arithmetic and logical) and to representate 2D and 3D graphs.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=base%2:31:00:: | definition=use as a basis for; found on | synonyms=establish, ground, found | examples=base a claim on some observation
2. sense_key=base%2:42:04:: | definition=situate as a center of operations | examples=we will base this project in the new lab
3. sense_key=base%2:34:00:: | definition=use (purified cocaine) by burning it and inhaling the fumes | synonyms=free-base

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "based" in the given context.

Context: "kalgebra is a mathematical calculator <t>based</t> on content markup MathML language."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=base%2:31:00:: | definition=use as a basis for; found on | synonyms=establish, ground, found | examples=base a claim on some observation
2. sense_key=base%2:42:04:: | definition=situate as a center of operations | examples=we will base this project in the new lab
3. sense_key=base%2:34:00:: | definition=use (purified cocaine) by burning it and inhaling the fumes | synonyms=free-base

Analysis:
- The context describes "kalgebra" as a calculator that is "based on" the MathML language.
- This means it uses MathML as its foundation or underlying technology.
- Sense 1: "use as a basis for; found on" - This fits perfectly. The calculator uses MathML as a basis/foundation.
- Sense 2: "situate as a center of operations" - This would mean physically locating something somewhere (like basing troops in a city). Doesn't fit here.
- Sense 3: "use (purified cocaine)..." - This is clearly about drug use, completely irrelevant to the context of a mathematical calculator.

The phrase "based on" is a very common collocation with sense 1, meaning "founded on" or "using as a basis".

Therefore, the correct sense is sense 1 (index 1).

The output should be: {"sense_index": 1}