[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: child
Target surface form: children
Context:
In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our <t>children</t> better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=child%1:18:00:: | definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
2. sense_key=child%1:18:01:: | definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=kid | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
3. sense_key=child%1:18:06:: | definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=baby | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
4. sense_key=child%1:18:07:: | definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "children" (lemma: child) in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text discusses teachers and education
 - "It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more"
 - This is talking about young people who are students being educated by teachers

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=child%1:18:00:: | definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
    - This refers to young people in general, typically school-age
    - Examples include "she writes books for children" which fits an educational context
    - "youngster" and "minor" suggest school-age children

 2. sense_key=child%1:18:01:: | definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=kid | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
    - This emphasizes the parent-child relationship
    - Examples focus on having offspring, sending them to college
    - While "children" in the text could be interpreted as offspring, the context is specifically about education and schooling

 3. sense_key=child%1:18:06:: | definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=baby | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
    - This is clearly metaphorical, referring to immaturity
    - Not applicable here - the text is talking about actual young people being educated

 4. sense_key=child%1:18:07:: | definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel
    - Biblical/tribal usage
    - Not applicable here

 Between sense 1 and sense 2:
 - Sense 1 focuses on "young person" - typically under age of majority, school age
 - Sense 2 focuses on "offspring" - relationship to parents, can be any age

 In the context of "educate our children", this is referring to school-age children, pupils, students. The focus is on the educational system and young people being taught.

 Sense 1 ("a young person of either sex") is the most appropriate here because:
 1. It aligns with the educational context - teachers educate young people/schoolchildren
 2. Synonyms like "youngster", "minor", "small fry" fit the school context
 3. Example "she writes books for children" fits the educational publishing context
 4. While sense 2 (offspring) is close, sense 1 captures the "young person" aspect better for an educational context where we're talking about minors/students

 Actually, looking more carefully:
 - "educate our children" - this could be interpreted either way
 - But in the context of discussing teachers and schools, "children" here means young students
 - Sense 1 is "a young person of either sex" - this is the general sense for minors
 - Sense 2 is specifically about the parent-child relationship ("human offspring")

 The text says "educate our children" - this is about the general population of young people in schools, not specifically emphasizing their relationship to parents (though that's implied). The contrast is between teachers' pay and educational outcomes for young students.

 In WordNet:
 - Sense 1 (child%1:18:00::) is the general sense of young person
 - Sense 2 (child%1:18:01::) is the offspring sense

 Given the context is about the educational system and teachers, and the examples for sense 1 include "she writes books for children" (educational context), sense 1 seems best.

 Wait, I should check the exact WordNet sense numbering. The user provided:
 1. sense_key=child%1:18:00::
 2. sense_key=child%1:18:01::
 3. sense_key=child%1:18:06::
 4. sense_key=child%1:18:07::

 So index 1 is the "young person" sense, index 2 is the "offspring" sense.

 In the sentence "educate our children", given that it's about teachers and schools, and the comparison to family doctors serving people, this is about young students. The "young person" sense (index 1) is most appropriate.

 However, I should consider if "offspring" (index 2) could fit. "Our children" could mean the children of society, or children in general as offspring of parents. But in educational contexts, "children" usually maps to sense 1 (young persons).

 Let me look at the examples again:
 - Sense 1: "she writes books for children" - clearly young people as readers/students
 - Sense 2: "they had three children" - offspring

 The context is about the educational crisis and whether teachers can educate better. This is clearly about school-age children, young people. So sense 1.

 But wait, I need to be careful. In some contexts, "children" meaning offspring could work even in education contexts. However, the synonyms for sense 1 include "youngster", "minor", "shaver", "nipper", "small fry" - these emphasize youth/young age. The synonyms for sense 2 is just "kid" (which is ambiguous).

 Given that the text contrasts with "family doctor" and discusses competence in service, and mentions "educational crisis", this is about the school population - young people.

 I choose sense index 1.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: better
Target surface form: better
Context:
In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children <t>better</t> if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=better%4:02:00:: | definition=comparative of `well'; in a better or more excellent manner or more advantageously or attractively or to a greater degree etc. | examples=She had never sung better; a deed better left undone
2. sense_key=better%4:02:01:: | definition=from a position of superiority or authority | synonyms=best | examples=father knows best; I know better.
3. sense_key=well%4:02:00:: | definition=(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (`good' is a nonstandard dialectal variant for `well') | synonyms=well, good | examples=the children behaved well; a task well done
4. sense_key=well%4:02:05:: | definition=thoroughly or completely; fully; often used as a combining form; ; ; ; ; , | synonyms=well | examples=The problem is well understood; she was well informed
5. sense_key=well%4:02:03:: | definition=indicating high probability; in all likelihood | synonyms=well, easily | examples=I might well do it; a mistake that could easily have ended in disaster
6. sense_key=well%4:02:15:: | definition=(used for emphasis or as an intensifier) entirely or fully | synonyms=well | examples=a book well worth reading; was well aware of the difficulties ahead
7. sense_key=well%4:02:08:: | definition=to a suitable or appropriate extent or degree | synonyms=well | examples=the project was well underway; the fetus has well developed organs
8. sense_key=well%4:02:07:: | definition=favorably; with approval | synonyms=well | examples=their neighbors spoke well of them; he thought well of the book
9. sense_key=well%4:02:11:: | definition=to a great extent or degree | synonyms=well, considerably, substantially | examples=I'm afraid the film was well over budget; painting the room white made it seem considerably (or substantially) larger
10. sense_key=well%4:02:14:: | definition=with great or especially intimate knowledge | synonyms=well, intimately | examples=we knew them well
11. sense_key=well%4:02:13:: | definition=with prudence or propriety | synonyms=well | examples=You would do well to say nothing more; could not well refuse
12. sense_key=well%4:02:12:: | definition=with skill or in a pleasing manner | synonyms=well | examples=she dances well; he writes well
13. sense_key=well%4:02:10:: | definition=in a manner affording benefit or advantage | synonyms=well, advantageously | examples=she married well; The children were settled advantageously in Seattle
14. sense_key=well%4:02:09:: | definition=in financial comfort | synonyms=well, comfortably | examples=They live well; she has been able to live comfortably since her husband died
15. sense_key=well%4:02:01:: | definition=without unusual distress or resentment; with good humor | synonyms=well | examples=took the joke well; took the tragic news well

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "better" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 "It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children <t>better</t> if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more."

 The word "better" here is modifying the verb "educate" - it's describing how they would educate the children. It's a comparative form indicating "in a better or more excellent manner" or "more effectively."

 Looking at the candidate senses:
 1. sense_key=better%4:02:00:: | definition=comparative of `well'; in a better or more excellent manner or more advantageously or attractively or to a greater degree etc. | examples=She had never sung better; a deed better left undone
 2. sense_key=better%4:02:01:: | definition=from a position of superiority or authority | synonyms=best | examples=father knows best; I know better.
 3-15. These are all "well" senses, not "better" senses. The target lemma is "better", so I should focus on senses 1 and 2.

 Sense 1: comparative of 'well' - meaning "in a better or more excellent manner" or "more advantageously" or "to a greater degree"
 Sense 2: from a position of superiority or authority - meaning "knowing better" or having superior knowledge/position

 In the context: "educate our children better" - this means to educate them in a better manner, more effectively, or to a greater degree of quality. This matches sense 1.

 Sense 2 would be used in contexts like "I know better" (I know from a position of superior knowledge) or "father knows best" - but here we have "educate... better" which is clearly the comparative adverb form of "well".

 So the correct sense is sense 1: better%4:02:00:: (comparative of 'well'; in a better or more excellent manner...)

 The index is 1.

 Wait, let me double-check the sense keys. The user lists:
 1. sense_key=better%4:02:00::
 2. sense_key=better%4:02:01::
 3. sense_key=well%4:02:00::
 ...

 So sense index 1 is the correct one.

 The context is saying that teachers would educate children "better" (in a better manner, more effectively) if they were paid more. This is clearly the comparative adverbial use of "well" -> "better".

 Sense 2 ("from a position of superiority or authority") would fit contexts like "He thinks he knows better" or "I expected better from you" (though that's actually a different construction). Actually, looking at the example "father knows best; I know better" - this is about having superior knowledge or moral authority. But in "educate better", it's about the manner/quality of the action, not about authority.

 Therefore, sense 1 is correct.

 The answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Phala

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: get
Target surface form: got
Context:
In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they <t>got</t> a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=get%2:40:00:: | definition=come into the possession of something concrete or abstract | synonyms=acquire | examples=She got a lot of paintings from her uncle; They acquired a new pet
2. sense_key=get%2:30:00:: | definition=enter or assume a certain state or condition | synonyms=become, go | examples=He became annoyed when he heard the bad news; It must be getting more serious
3. sense_key=get%2:30:02:: | definition=cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition | synonyms=let, have | examples=He got his squad on the ball; This let me in for a big surprise
4. sense_key=get%2:30:03:: | definition=receive a specified treatment (abstract) | synonyms=receive, find, obtain, incur | examples=These aspects of civilization do not find expression or receive an interpretation; His movie received a good review
5. sense_key=get%2:38:00:: | definition=reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress | synonyms=arrive, come | examples=She arrived home at 7 o'clock; She didn't get to Chicago until after midnight
6. sense_key=get%2:35:03:: | definition=go or come after and bring or take back | synonyms=bring, convey, fetch | examples=Get me those books over there, please; Could you bring the wine?
7. sense_key=get%2:39:00:: | definition=go through (mental or physical states or experiences) | synonyms=experience, receive, have | examples=get an idea; experience vertigo
8. sense_key=get%2:33:00:: | definition=take vengeance on or get even | synonyms=pay back, pay off, fix | examples=We'll get them!; That'll fix him good!
9. sense_key=get%2:40:01:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=have, make | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
10. sense_key=get%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, have, make | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
11. sense_key=get%2:35:09:: | definition=succeed in catching or seizing, especially after a chase | synonyms=catch, capture | examples=We finally got the suspect; Did you catch the thief?
12. sense_key=get%2:29:01:: | definition=come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes) | synonyms=grow, develop, produce, acquire | examples=He grew a beard; The patient developed abdominal pains
13. sense_key=get%2:29:00:: | definition=be stricken by an illness, fall victim to an illness | synonyms=contract, take | examples=He got AIDS; She came down with pneumonia
14. sense_key=get%2:32:03:: | definition=communicate with a place or person; establish communication with, as if by telephone | examples=Bill called this number and he got Mary; The operator couldn't get Kobe because of the earthquake
15. sense_key=get%2:30:01:: | definition=give certain properties to something | synonyms=make | examples=get someone mad; She made us look silly
16. sense_key=get%2:32:08:: | definition=move into a desired direction of discourse | synonyms=drive, aim | examples=What are you driving at?
17. sense_key=get%2:31:09:: | definition=grasp with the mind or develop an understanding of | synonyms=catch | examples=did you catch that allusion?; We caught something of his theory in the lecture
18. sense_key=get%2:35:00:: | definition=attract and fix | synonyms=catch, arrest | examples=His look caught her; She caught his eye
19. sense_key=get%2:35:10:: | definition=reach with a blow or hit in a particular spot | synonyms=catch | examples=the rock caught her in the back of the head; The blow got him in the back
20. sense_key=get%2:31:03:: | definition=reach by calculation | examples=What do you get when you add up these numbers?
21. sense_key=get%2:40:14:: | definition=acquire as a result of some effort or action | examples=You cannot get water out of a stone; Where did she get these news?
22. sense_key=get%2:40:13:: | definition=purchase | examples=What did you get at the toy store?
23. sense_key=get%2:39:13:: | definition=perceive by hearing | synonyms=catch | examples=I didn't catch your name; She didn't get his name when they met the first time
24. sense_key=get%2:39:09:: | definition=suffer from the receipt of | synonyms=catch | examples=She will catch hell for this behavior!
25. sense_key=get%2:39:14:: | definition=receive as a retribution or punishment | synonyms=receive | examples=He got 5 years in prison
26. sense_key=get%2:38:15:: | definition=leave immediately; used usually in the imperative form | synonyms=scram, buzz off, fuck off, bugger off | examples=Scram!
27. sense_key=get%2:38:12:: | definition=reach and board | examples=She got the bus just as it was leaving
28. sense_key=get%2:37:12:: | definition=irritate | synonyms=get under one's skin | examples=Her childish behavior really get to me; His lying really gets me
29. sense_key=get%2:37:11:: | definition=evoke an emotional response | examples=Brahms's `Requiem' gets me every time
30. sense_key=get%2:36:14:: | definition=apprehend and reproduce accurately | synonyms=catch | examples=She really caught the spirit of the place in her drawings; She got the mood just right in her photographs
31. sense_key=get%2:36:00:: | definition=earn or achieve a base by being walked by the pitcher | synonyms=draw | examples=He drew a base on balls
32. sense_key=get%2:35:12:: | definition=overcome or destroy | examples=The ice storm got my hibiscus; the cat got the goldfish
33. sense_key=get%2:31:10:: | definition=be a mystery or bewildering to | synonyms=perplex, vex, stick, puzzle, mystify, baffle | examples=This beats me!; Got me--I don't know the answer!
34. sense_key=get%2:30:12:: | definition=take the first step or steps in carrying out an action | synonyms=get down, begin, start out, start, set about, set out | examples=We began working at dawn; Who will start?
35. sense_key=get%2:29:11:: | definition=undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | synonyms=suffer, sustain, have | examples=She suffered a fracture in the accident; He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars
36. sense_key=get%2:29:08:: | definition=make children | synonyms=beget, engender, father, mother, sire, generate | examples=Abraham begot Isaac; Men often father children but don't recognize them

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "got" (lemma: get) in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 "It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they <t>got</t> a few thousand dollars a year more."

 The sentence is saying: It's silly/libelous to think teachers would educate children better if they received/earned a few thousand dollars more per year.

 So "got" here means "received" or "came into possession of" (money/salary).

 Let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=get%2:40:00:: | definition=come into the possession of something concrete or abstract | synonyms=acquire | examples=She got a lot of paintings from her uncle; They acquired a new pet
 - This fits well. "Got a few thousand dollars" = came into possession of money.

 2. sense_key=get%2:30:00:: | definition=enter or assume a certain state or condition | synonyms=become, go
 - This would be "got angry", "got sick", etc. Not "got money".

 3. sense_key=get%2:30:02:: | definition=cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition | synonyms=let, have
 - "Got his squad on the ball" - causative. Doesn't fit.

 4. sense_key=get%2:30:03:: | definition=receive a specified treatment (abstract) | synonyms=receive, find, obtain, incur
 - Examples: "receive an interpretation", "received a good review". This is about abstract treatment, not concrete possession like money.

 5. sense_key=get%2:38:00:: | definition=reach a destination
 - No.

 6. sense_key=get%2:35:03:: | definition=go or come after and bring or take back
 - Fetching. No.

 7. sense_key=get%2:39:00:: | definition=go through (mental or physical states or experiences)
 - "Get an idea". No.

 8. sense_key=get%2:33:00:: | definition=take vengeance
 - No.

 9. sense_key=get%2:40:01:: | definition=achieve a point or goal
 - Sports context usually. "Got 4 goals". Not about salary.

 10. sense_key=get%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do
 - Induce. No.

 11. sense_key=get%2:35:09:: | definition=succeed in catching
 - No.

 12. sense_key=get%2:29:01:: | definition=come to have or undergo a change of (physical features)
 - "Grew a beard". No.

 13. sense_key=get%2:29:00:: | definition=be stricken by an illness
 - "Got AIDS". No.

 14. sense_key=get%2:32:03:: | definition=communicate with
 - No.

 15. sense_key=get%2:30:01:: | definition=give certain properties to something
 - "Get someone mad". No.

 16. sense_key=get%2:32:08:: | definition=move into a desired direction of discourse
 - No.

 17. sense_key=get%2:31:09:: | definition=grasp with the mind
 - No.

 18. sense_key=get%2:35:00:: | definition=attract and fix
 - No.

 19. sense_key=get%2:35:10:: | definition=reach with a blow
 - No.

 20. sense_key=get%2:31:03:: | definition=reach by calculation
 - No.

 21. sense_key=get%2:40:14:: | definition=acquire as a result of some effort or action
 - "You cannot get water out of a stone". This is close, but sense 1 is more general "come into possession". However, getting a salary is acquiring money as a result of work (effort/action).

 22. sense_key=get%2:40:13:: | definition=purchase
 - No, they're not buying the money.

 23. sense_key=get%2:39:13:: | definition=perceive by hearing
 - No.

 24. sense_key=get%2:39:09:: | definition=suffer from the receipt of
 - "Catch hell". No.

 25. sense_key=get%2:39:14:: | definition=receive as a retribution or punishment
 - "Got 5 years in prison". No.

 26. sense_key=get%2:38:15:: | definition=leave immediately
 - No.

 27. sense_key=get%2:38:12:: | definition=reach and board
 - "Got the bus". No.

 28. sense_key=get%2:37:12:: | definition=irritate
 - No.

 29. sense_key=get%2:37:11:: | definition=evoke an emotional response
 - No.

 30. sense_key=get%2:36:14:: | definition=apprehend and reproduce accurately
 - No.

 31. sense_key=get%2:36:00:: | definition=earn or achieve a base by being walked
 - Baseball. No.

 32. sense_key=get%2:35:12:: | definition=overcome or destroy
 - No.

 33. sense_key=get%2:31:10:: | definition=be a mystery or bewildering to
 - "Got me" = puzzled me. No.

 34. sense_key=get%2:30:12:: | definition=take the first step
 - No.

 35. sense_key=get%2:29:11:: | definition=undergo (as of injuries and illnesses)
 - Similar to 13 but broader. No.

 36. sense_key=get%2:29:08:: | definition=make children
 - No.

 So the best candidates are:
 1. get%2:40:00:: - come into the possession of something concrete or abstract (general possession/acquisition)
 4. get%2:30:03:: - receive a specified treatment (abstract) - but this is for abstract treatment, not money
 21. get%2:40:14:: - acquire as a result of some effort or action - this could work for salary
 25. get%2:39:14:: - receive as a retribution or punishment - no

 Sense 1: "come into the possession of something concrete or abstract" - money is concrete (or abstract but treated as concrete). Examples: "She got a lot of paintings", "acquired a new pet". This fits "got a few thousand dollars".

 Sense 21: "acquire as a result of some effort or action" - examples: "get water out of a stone", "Where did she get these news?". This implies effort. Getting a salary is a result of working (effort).

 However, sense 1 is the more general sense of receiving/possessing, while sense 21 is more specific about the means (effort/action). The context here is about receiving higher pay, not necessarily emphasizing the effort aspect, though salary does come from work.

 Looking at the examples for sense 1: "She got a lot of paintings from her uncle" - this is receiving/inheriting. "They acquired a new pet" - obtaining.

 For sense 21: "You cannot get water out of a stone" - extraction/obtaining through effort. "Where did she get these news?" - obtaining information.

 Actually, looking at WordNet structure, sense 1 (get%2:40:00::) is the primary sense for "come into possession of". Sense 21 is a specific subtype related to extraction or obtaining through effort.

 In the context "got a few thousand dollars a year more", this refers to receiving/earning a higher salary. This is most directly covered by sense 1: coming into possession of money.

 However, sense 4 "receive a specified treatment (abstract)" has synonyms including "receive" and "obtain", but the definition says "abstract" and examples are about interpretation and reviews.

 Sense 1 is definitely the best fit. "Got" here means "received" or "came to have" (possession of money).

 Wait, let me double-check sense 1's examples and synonyms carefully:
 - synonyms=acquire
 - examples: "She got a lot of paintings from her uncle"; "They acquired a new pet"

 And sense 21:
 - acquire as a result of some effort or action
 - examples: "You cannot get water out of a stone"; "Where did she get these news?"

 The phrase "got a few thousand dollars" aligns with sense 1 (general acquisition/possession). While one could argue sense 21 applies because earning money requires effort, sense 1 is the broader, more standard sense for "receive money". The example "got a lot of paintings" is very similar to "got a few thousand dollars".

 Also, in WSD tasks, sense 1 is typically the default "acquire/obtain" sense.

 Therefore, the answer should be sense_index: 1.

provider: Moonshot AI


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: year
Target surface form: year
Context:
In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a <t>year</t> more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=year%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days | synonyms=twelvemonth, yr | examples=she is 4 years old; in the year 1920
2. sense_key=year%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity | examples=a school year
3. sense_key=year%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun | examples=a Martian year takes 687 of our days
4. sense_key=year%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who graduate together | synonyms=class | examples=the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "year" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 The sentence is: "It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a <t>year</t> more."

 This is talking about salary/compensation - "a few thousand dollars a year" means annually, or per twelvemonth period.

 Looking at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=year%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days | synonyms=twelvemonth, yr | examples=she is 4 years old; in the year 1920
 - This refers to the general concept of a year as a time period of 365/366 days.
 - "a few thousand dollars a year" fits here - it means per year (per 365-day period).

 2. sense_key=year%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity | examples=a school year
 - This is about specific activity years like "school year", "academic year", "fiscal year".
 - The context is about salary per year, not a specific activity period.

 3. sense_key=year%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun | examples=a Martian year takes 687 of our days
 - This is astronomical/technical definition about orbital periods.
 - Not relevant to salary context.

 4. sense_key=year%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who graduate together | synonyms=class | examples=the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High
 - This is about cohorts of students.
 - Not relevant to salary context.

 So the choice is between sense 1 and sense 2.

 "a few thousand dollars a year" - this is referring to an annual salary, meaning per 365-day period. This matches sense 1 (twelvemonth, yr).

 Sense 2 would be for phrases like "during the school year" or "the academic year" - a specific subset or type of year designated for an activity.

 The phrase "dollars a year" is using "year" to mean the standard 365-day period (sense 1), not a specific activity period (sense 2).

 Therefore, the best sense is index 1.

 Wait, let me double-check the indexing. The user lists:
 1. sense_key=year%1:28:01::
 2. sense_key=year%1:28:02::
 3. sense_key=year%1:28:00::
 4. sense_key=year%1:14:00::

 So the indices are 1, 2, 3, 4 as listed.

 Sense 1 (year%1:28:01::) is the standard "twelvemonth" sense.
 Sense 2 (year%1:28:02::) is the "school year" type sense.

 "a few thousand dollars a year" = annually = per twelvemonth period. This is sense 1.

 Yes, definitely sense 1.

 But wait, I should check if there's any nuance I'm missing. Sometimes "a year" in salary contexts could be argued as sense 2 (fiscal year?), but typically it's just the general sense of a 365-day period.

 The example for sense 1 includes "she is 4 years old" which shows age (time periods), and "in the year 1920" which shows calendar years.

 The phrase "dollars a year" is parallel to "4 years old" - both using year as a unit of time measurement.

 So sense 1 is correct.

 The answer should be {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: more
Target surface form: more
Context:
In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year <t>more</t>. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=more%4:02:00:: | definition=used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs | synonyms=to a greater extent | examples=more interesting; more beautiful
2. sense_key=more%4:02:01:: | definition=comparative of much; to a greater degree or extent | examples=he works more now; they eat more than they should

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "more" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The sentence is: "It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more."
 - Here "more" is being used to indicate an additional amount of money (a few thousand dollars a year more).
 - This is comparing the current salary to a hypothetical higher salary.
 - The structure is "a few thousand dollars a year more" - meaning an additional/greater amount.

 Looking at the candidate senses:
 1. sense_key=more%4:02:00:: | definition=used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs | synonyms=to a greater extent | examples=more interesting; more beautiful
    - This seems to be about forming comparatives of adjectives/adverbs (e.g., "more interesting")
    - In our context, "more" is not modifying an adjective or adverb directly in the typical comparative formation way. It's standing alone after "a few thousand dollars a year".

 2. sense_key=more%4:02:01:: | definition=comparative of much; to a greater degree or extent | examples=he works more now; they eat more than they should
    - This is the comparative of "much", used to indicate a greater quantity or degree.
    - In "a few thousand dollars a year more", "more" is functioning as a determiner/pronoun indicating an additional amount (comparative of "much" in terms of quantity).
    - This fits better because it's about quantity/amount (money) rather than forming the comparative of an adjective.

 Actually, looking carefully at the syntax:
 - "a few thousand dollars a year more" = "a few thousand dollars a year [than they currently get]"
 - Here "more" is elliptical for "more money" or functioning as a comparative adverb indicating "to a greater extent/degree" in terms of the amount.

 But let's look at the WordNet senses more carefully. In WordNet:
 - more%4:02:00:: is typically the adverb sense used to form comparatives (e.g., "more beautiful")
 - more%4:02:01:: is the adverb sense meaning comparative of much (e.g., "he eats more")

 However, in the phrase "a few thousand dollars a year more", "more" could be analyzed as:
 - An adverb modifying the implied verb (got more)
 - Or as a determiner/pronoun standing for "more money"

 But given the options, we have two adverb senses (both 4:02:... which indicates adverb).

 Sense 1: forming comparative of adjectives/adverbs (e.g., "more interesting")
 Sense 2: comparative of much (e.g., "they eat more")

 In "a few thousand dollars a year more", the "more" is indicating a greater amount of money. This aligns with sense 2 (comparative of much - referring to quantity/amount).

 Wait, is there a nominal/determiner sense? The user only provided two candidate senses, both adverbs (4:02).

 Let me reconsider. "More" in "a few thousand dollars a year more" is modifying the noun phrase elliptically, or acting as an adverbial modifier.

 Actually, looking at standard WSD for "more":
 - When "more" modifies an adjective (more beautiful), it's sense 1.
 - When "more" indicates a greater quantity/degree as a pronoun/adverb (I want more; he earns more), it's sense 2.

 In "a few thousand dollars a year more", "more" is functioning like:
 - "He earns five dollars more" (comparative of much)
 - This compares the amount earned to a greater amount.

 So sense 2 (more%4:02:01::) seems correct.

 But wait, let me double-check the exact wording in WordNet. Sometimes these senses are tricky.

 Sense 1: "used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs" - this is specifically the comparative marker for adjectives/adverbs.
 Sense 2: "comparative of much; to a greater degree or extent" - this is about quantity or extent.

 In the context: "got a few thousand dollars a year more" - this means receiving an additional/greater amount of money per year. This is clearly about quantity (money), not about forming the comparative of an adjective.

 Therefore, sense 2 is the correct choice.

 The index to return should be 2.

 JSON format: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: teacher
Target surface form: teachers
Context:
If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the <t>teachers</t>' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes. It is also the kind of libel politicians find useful, since it helps them strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=teacher%1:18:00:: | definition=a person whose occupation is teaching | synonyms=instructor
2. sense_key=teacher%1:09:00:: | definition=a personified abstraction that teaches | examples=books were his teachers; experience is a demanding teacher

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) on the word "teachers" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text discusses "family doctor" and then moves to "Our teachers"
 - It mentions "educational crisis", "underpaid", "educate our children", "teachers' unions"
 - The specific target is in: "It is the kind of libel the <t>teachers</t>' unions do not mind spreading"
 - This is clearly referring to people who teach in schools/educational settings
 - The context is about employment, unions, pay, and educating children

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=teacher%1:18:00:: | definition=a person whose occupation is teaching | synonyms=instructor
    - This refers to actual human beings who teach as a profession
    - Fits with "teachers' unions" (unions for people who teach), "underpaid", "educate our children"

 2. sense_key=teacher%1:09:00:: | definition=a personified abstraction that teaches | examples=books were his teachers; experience is a demanding teacher
    - This refers to abstract concepts or things that teach (like books, experience)
    - Examples show non-human "teachers"
    - Does not fit with "teachers' unions" (unions don't represent abstract concepts, they represent people)
    - Does not fit with "underpaid" (abstractions don't get paid)
    - Does not fit with "educate our children" (in the context of people doing the educating)

 The context clearly refers to human teachers as a profession/occupation. The mention of "teachers' unions", "underpaid", and "educate our children" all point to sense 1 (the human occupation).

 Sense 2 is about personified abstractions (like "experience is a teacher"), which doesn't fit here.

 Therefore, the correct sense is index 1.

 The user wants the output as: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: union
Target surface form: unions
Context:
If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' <t>unions</t> do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes. It is also the kind of libel politicians find useful, since it helps them strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=union%1:14:01:: | definition=an organization of employees formed to bargain with the employer | synonyms=labor union, trade union, trades union, brotherhood | examples=you have to join the union in order to get a job
2. sense_key=union%1:15:00:: | definition=the United States (especially the northern states during the American Civil War) | synonyms=North | examples=he has visited every state in the Union; Lee hoped to detach Maryland from the Union
3. sense_key=union%1:04:02:: | definition=the act of pairing a male and female for reproductive purposes | synonyms=coupling, mating, pairing, conjugation, sexual union | examples=the casual couplings of adolescents; the mating of some species occurs only in the spring
4. sense_key=union%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being joined or united or linked | synonyms=unification | examples=there is strength in union
5. sense_key=union%1:26:02:: | definition=the state of being a married couple voluntarily joined for life (or until divorce) | synonyms=marriage, matrimony, spousal relationship, wedlock | examples=a long and happy marriage; God bless this union
6. sense_key=union%1:22:00:: | definition=healing process involving the growing together of the edges of a wound or the growing together of broken bones | synonyms=conglutination
7. sense_key=union%1:14:02:: | definition=a political unit formed from previously independent people or organizations | examples=the Soviet Union
8. sense_key=union%1:14:03:: | definition=a set containing all and only the members of two or more given sets | synonyms=sum, join | examples=let C be the union of the sets A and B
9. sense_key=union%1:11:00:: | definition=the occurrence of a uniting of separate parts | examples=lightning produced an unusual union of the metals
10. sense_key=union%1:06:01:: | definition=a device on a national flag emblematic of the union of two or more sovereignties (typically in the upper inner corner)
11. sense_key=union%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of making or becoming a single unit | synonyms=unification, uniting, conjugation, jointure | examples=the union of opposing factions; he looked forward to the unification of his family for the holidays

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "unions" in the given context.

Context analysis:
- The text discusses teachers, their pay, and educational crisis
- It mentions "teachers' unions" specifically in the phrase "It is the kind of libel the teachers' <t>unions</t> do not mind spreading"
- The context is about teachers as employees, their compensation, and organizations representing them
- The phrase "for their own narrow purposes" suggests these are organizations advocating for teachers' interests

Candidate sense analysis:
1. sense_key=union%1:14:01:: - "an organization of employees formed to bargain with the employer" - synonyms include labor union, trade union. This fits perfectly with "teachers' unions" - organizations of teachers (employees) formed to bargain with employers (school districts/government).

2. sense_key=union%1:15:00:: - "the United States" - This is about the country, not relevant here.

3. sense_key=union%1:04:02:: - "the act of pairing a male and female for reproductive purposes" - biological meaning, not relevant.

4. sense_key=union%1:26:00:: - "the state of being joined or united" - abstract state of being joined, not an organization.

5. sense_key=union%1:26:02:: - "the state of being a married couple" - marriage context, not relevant.

6. sense_key=union%1:22:00:: - "healing process" - medical context, not relevant.

7. sense_key=union%1:14:02:: - "a political unit formed from previously independent people or organizations" - this refers to political unions like Soviet Union, not labor unions.

8. sense_key=union%1:14:03:: - "a set containing all and only the members of two or more given sets" - mathematical meaning, not relevant.

9. sense_key=union%1:11:00:: - "the occurrence of a uniting of separate parts" - general event of uniting, not an organization.

10. sense_key=union%1:06:01:: - "a device on a national flag" - flag design, not relevant.

11. sense_key=union%1:04:00:: - "the act of making or becoming a single unit" - act of unifying, not an organization.

The context clearly refers to teachers' unions as organizations of employees (teachers) formed to bargain with employers. This matches sense 1 exactly.

The example given for sense 1 is "you have to join the union in order to get a job" which aligns with the labor/employee context.

Therefore, the best sense is index 1 (sense_key=union%1:14:01::).

I need to return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: mind
Target surface form: mind
Context:
If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not <t>mind</t> spreading, for their own narrow purposes. It is also the kind of libel politicians find useful, since it helps them strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=mind%2:32:00:: | definition=be offended or bothered by; take offense with, be bothered by | examples=I don't mind your behavior
2. sense_key=mind%2:31:02:: | definition=be concerned with or about something or somebody
3. sense_key=mind%2:41:01:: | definition=be in charge of or deal with | synonyms=take care | examples=She takes care of all the necessary arrangements
4. sense_key=mind%2:41:00:: | definition=pay close attention to; give heed to | synonyms=heed, listen | examples=Heed the advice of the old men
5. sense_key=mind%2:31:03:: | definition=be on one's guard; be cautious or wary about; be alert to | synonyms=beware | examples=Beware of telephone salesmen
6. sense_key=mind%2:31:00:: | definition=keep in mind | synonyms=bear in mind

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "mind" in the given context.

Context analysis:
- The sentence is: "It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not <t>mind</t> spreading, for their own narrow purposes."
- The meaning here is that teachers' unions are not bothered by or do not object to spreading this kind of libel.
- "Do not mind" is a common collocation meaning "do not object to" or "are not bothered by."

Candidate senses analysis:
1. sense_key=mind%2:32:00:: | definition=be offended or bothered by; take offense with, be bothered by | examples=I don't mind your behavior
   - This matches perfectly. "I don't mind your behavior" is structurally and semantically parallel to "do not mind spreading."
   - The meaning is about not being offended or bothered by something.

2. sense_key=mind%2:31:02:: | definition=be concerned with or about something or somebody
   - This would mean the teachers' unions are not concerned with spreading it. But the context suggests they actively spread it for their own purposes, and they don't object to it. "Not concerned with" is different from "not objecting to."

3. sense_key=mind%2:41:01:: | definition=be in charge of or deal with | synonyms=take care
   - Doesn't fit. "Do not take care spreading" makes no sense.

4. sense_key=mind%2:41:00:: | definition=pay close attention to; give heed to | synonyms=heed, listen
   - Doesn't fit. "Do not heed spreading" doesn't match the syntax or meaning.

5. sense_key=mind%2:31:03:: | definition=be on one's guard; be cautious or wary about; be alert to | synonyms=beware
   - Doesn't fit. "Do not beware spreading" is ungrammatical and wrong meaning.

6. sense_key=mind%2:31:00:: | definition=keep in mind | synonyms=bear in mind
   - Doesn't fit. "Do not keep in mind spreading" doesn't match.

The best sense is clearly sense 1. The example "I don't mind your behavior" directly parallels "do not mind spreading." The definition "be offended or bothered by; take offense with, be bothered by" captures the meaning: the teachers' unions are not bothered by spreading this libel.

The user wants only a JSON object like {"sense_index": 3}. Since sense 1 is the best, I should return {"sense_index": 1}.

Wait, let me double-check the sense numbering. The user lists:
1. sense_key=mind%2:32:00::
2. sense_key=mind%2:31:02::
3. sense_key=mind%2:41:01::
4. sense_key=mind%2:41:00::
5. sense_key=mind%2:31:03::
6. sense_key=mind%2:31:00::

So the index is 1.

I need to return exactly: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: SiliconFlow


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: spread
Target surface form: spreading
Context:
If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind <t>spreading</t>, for their own narrow purposes. It is also the kind of libel politicians find useful, since it helps them strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=spread%2:35:00:: | definition=distribute or disperse widely | synonyms=distribute | examples=The invaders spread their language all over the country
2. sense_key=spread%2:35:07:: | definition=become distributed or widespread | synonyms=propagate | examples=the infection spread; Optimism spread among the population
3. sense_key=spread%2:42:00:: | definition=spread across or over | synonyms=overspread | examples=A big oil spot spread across the water
4. sense_key=spread%2:35:03:: | definition=spread out or open from a closed or folded state | synonyms=unfold, spread out, open | examples=open the map; spread your arms
5. sense_key=spread%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to become widely known | synonyms=circulate, circularize, circularise, distribute, disseminate, propagate | examples=spread information; circulate a rumor
6. sense_key=spread%2:32:02:: | definition=become widely known and passed on | synonyms=go around, circulate | examples=the rumor spread; the story went around in the office
7. sense_key=spread%2:38:00:: | definition=strew or distribute over an area | synonyms=scatter, spread out | examples=He spread fertilizer over the lawn; scatter cards across the table
8. sense_key=spread%2:38:02:: | definition=move outward | synonyms=diffuse, spread out, fan out | examples=The soldiers fanned out
9. sense_key=spread%2:35:12:: | definition=cover by spreading something over | examples=spread the bread with cheese
10. sense_key=spread%2:35:13:: | definition=distribute over a surface in a layer | examples=spread cheese on a piece of bread

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "spreading" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The sentence is: "It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind <t>spreading</t>, for their own narrow purposes."
 - "It" refers to the libel (the false claim that teachers would educate better if paid more).
 - Teachers' unions are spreading this libel.
 - The meaning is about disseminating/circulating information (or in this case, a false claim/libel) to make it widely known.

 Candidate sense analysis:
 1. spread%2:35:00:: - distribute or disperse widely (e.g., language, physical distribution)
 2. spread%2:35:07:: - become distributed or widespread (intransitive, e.g., infection spreads)
 3. spread%2:42:00:: - spread across or over (physical spreading like oil on water)
 4. spread%2:35:03:: - spread out or open from closed state (unfolding)
 5. spread%2:32:00:: - cause to become widely known (circulate, disseminate, propagate information/rumors)
 6. sense_key=spread%2:32:02:: - become widely known and passed on (intransitive, e.g., rumor spreads)
 7. spread%2:38:00:: - strew or distribute over an area (physical scattering)
 8. spread%2:38:02:: - move outward (physical movement)
 9. spread%2:35:12:: - cover by spreading something over (butter on bread)
 10. spread%2:35:13:: - distribute over a surface in a layer (cheese on bread)

 The context involves "libel" (a false written statement) being spread by teachers' unions. This is about making information/rumors widely known.

 Sense 5: "cause to become widely known" - synonyms include circulate, disseminate, propagate. Examples: "spread information; circulate a rumor"
 Sense 6: "become widely known and passed on" - this is intransitive (the rumor spread), but here we have transitive "unions do not mind spreading [it]"

 So Sense 5 is the best fit: the teachers' unions are causing the libel to become widely known (disseminating it).

 The subject is "teachers' unions" (agent), the object is "it" (the libel), and the action is making it widely known/circulating it.

 Therefore, sense index 5 is the correct choice.

 Wait, let me check the indexing. The user lists:
 1. sense_key=spread%2:35:00::
 2. sense_key=spread%2:35:07::
 3. sense_key=spread%2:42:00::
 4. sense_key=spread%2:35:03::
 5. sense_key=spread%2:32:00::
 6. sense_key=spread%2:32:02::
 7. sense_key=spread%2:38:00::
 8. sense_key=spread%2:38:02::
 9. sense_key=spread%2:35:12::
 10. sense_key=spread%2:35:13::

 So index 5 corresponds to spread%2:32:00:: (cause to become widely known).

 Yes, this matches "spreading libel" - libel is a type of false information/defamation, and spreading it means making it widely known/circulating it.

 The answer should be {"sense_index": 5}.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: narrow
Target surface form: narrow
Context:
If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own <t>narrow</t> purposes. It is also the kind of libel politicians find useful, since it helps them strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=narrow%3:00:00:: | definition=not wide | examples=a narrow bridge; a narrow line across the page
2. sense_key=narrow%5:00:00:limited:00 | definition=limited in size or scope | examples=the narrow sense of a word
3. sense_key=narrow%3:00:06:: | definition=lacking tolerance or flexibility or breadth of view | synonyms=narrow-minded | examples=a brilliant but narrow-minded judge; narrow opinions
4. sense_key=narrow%3:00:02:: | definition=very limited in degree | examples=won by a narrow margin; a narrow escape
5. sense_key=narrow%5:00:00:careful:00 | definition=characterized by painstaking care and detailed examination | synonyms=minute | examples=a minute inspection of the grounds; a narrow scrutiny

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) on the word "narrow" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text discusses teachers' unions spreading a "libel" (false statement) about teachers needing higher pay to educate children better.
 - The phrase is "for their own narrow purposes"
 - This suggests the teachers' unions have limited, self-interested, or selfish purposes/goals.
 - The context implies the purposes are limited in scope, specifically serving their own interests rather than broader educational goals.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=narrow%3:00:00:: | definition=not wide | examples=a narrow bridge; a narrow line across the page
    - This is the physical/spatial sense (not wide). Doesn't fit "purposes" which are abstract.

 2. sense_key=narrow%5:00:00:limited:00 | definition=limited in size or scope | examples=the narrow sense of a word
    - This means restricted, limited in scope. "Narrow purposes" could mean limited in scope, self-serving, restricted to their own interests.

 3. sense_key=narrow%3:00:06:: | definition=lacking tolerance or flexibility or breadth of view | synonyms=narrow-minded | examples=a brilliant but narrow-minded judge; narrow opinions
    - This is about being narrow-minded, intolerant. While related, "narrow purposes" usually refers to limited scope rather than intolerance.

 4. sense_key=narrow%3:00:02:: | definition=very limited in degree | examples=won by a narrow margin; a narrow escape
    - This is about degree/extent (narrow margin, narrow escape). Doesn't fit well with "purposes".

 5. sense_key=narrow%5:00:00:careful:00 | definition=characterized by painstaking care and detailed examination | synonyms=minute | examples=a minute inspection of the grounds; a narrow scrutiny
    - This means careful, detailed. Doesn't fit "for their own narrow purposes" which implies selfish/limited, not careful.

 Between sense 2 and sense 3:
 - Sense 2: "limited in size or scope" - fits "narrow purposes" meaning purposes limited to their own interests, restricted scope.
 - Sense 3: "lacking tolerance or flexibility or breadth of view" - this is more about being narrow-minded, prejudiced.

 The phrase "for their own narrow purposes" is an idiom-like usage meaning "for their own limited/selfish purposes." This aligns with sense 2: limited in size or scope.

 However, looking at WordNet structure:
 - narrow%3:00:00:: is the physical sense (adjective)
 - narrow%3:00:06:: is the "narrow-minded" sense (adjective)
 - narrow%3:00:02:: is the "limited in degree" sense (adjective)
 - narrow%5:00:00:limited:00 is "limited in size or scope" (adjective satellite)
 - narrow%5:00:00:careful:00 is "characterized by painstaking care" (adjective satellite)

 Actually, looking at the sense keys:
 - narrow%3:00:00:: - this is the base adjective (not wide)
 - narrow%3:00:06:: - this is the "narrow-minded" sense
 - narrow%3:00:02:: - this is "very limited in degree"
 - narrow%5:00:00:limited:00 - this is satellite adjective "limited in size or scope"
 - narrow%5:00:00:careful:00 - this is satellite adjective "characterized by painstaking care"

 The phrase "narrow purposes" most commonly means "limited purposes" or "restricted purposes" - referring to scope. This would be sense 2: "limited in size or scope".

 But wait, let me check if "narrow purposes" could mean "selfish/self-interested" which might align with sense 3 (narrow-minded). However, "narrow" modifying "purposes" typically refers to the scope of the purposes being limited, not the purposes being intolerant.

 Actually, looking at the example for sense 2: "the narrow sense of a word" - this refers to a restricted, limited definition.

 In the context: "for their own narrow purposes" - this means for their own limited, self-serving purposes. The purposes are limited in scope to their own interests.

 Therefore, sense 2 (limited in size or scope) is the best fit.

 Wait, I need to be careful about the indexing. The user lists them as:
 1. sense_key=narrow%3:00:00::
 2. sense_key=narrow%5:00:00:limited:00
 3. sense_key=narrow%3:00:06::
 4. sense_key=narrow%3:00:02::
 5. sense_key=narrow%5:00:00:careful:00

 So:
 - Index 1: not wide (physical)
 - Index 2: limited in size or scope
 - Index 3: lacking tolerance (narrow-minded)
 - Index 4: very limited in degree
 - Index 5: careful/detailed

 The context "for their own narrow purposes" clearly indicates purposes that are limited in scope or self-serving. This matches index 2.

 Let me double-check by considering if it could be index 3 (narrow-minded). "Narrow purposes" vs "narrow-minded purposes"? "Narrow" as "narrow-minded" usually describes people or attitudes/opinions, not purposes. You can have "narrow views" (sense 3) but "narrow purposes" is more about scope (sense 2).

 Also, the gloss for sense 2 includes "the narrow sense of a word" which is about restricted meaning/scope, analogous to restricted purposes.

 Therefore, the answer should be index 2.

 Wait, I should verify the WordNet sense keys to make sure I understand the indices correctly. The user provides:
 1. sense_key=narrow%3:00:00::
 2. sense_key=narrow%5:00:00:limited:00
 3. sense_key=narrow%3:00:06::
 4. sense_key=narrow%3:00:02::
 5. sense_key=narrow%5:00:00:careful:00

 In WordNet:
 - narrow%3:00:00:: is the first sense (not wide)
 - narrow%3:00:06:: is the "narrow-minded" sense
 - narrow%3:00:02:: is "very limited in degree"
 - narrow%5:00:00:limited:00 is satellite: limited in size or scope
 - narrow%5:00:00:careful:00 is satellite: careful

 So yes, index 2 corresponds to "limited in size or scope".

 Final check: "for their own narrow purposes" - this is a common collocation meaning "for their own limited/selfish ends." This is definitely about scope limitation, not physical width, not degree (like margin), not carefulness, and not narrow-mindedness (though there's some overlap with selfishness, the specific meaning is about restricted scope).

 Answer: {"sense_index": 2}

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: purpose
Target surface form: purposes
Context:
If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow <t>purposes</t>. It is also the kind of libel politicians find useful, since it helps them strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=purpose%1:09:00:: | definition=an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions | synonyms=intent, intention, aim, design | examples=his intent was to provide a new translation; good intentions are not enough
2. sense_key=purpose%1:07:00:: | definition=what something is used for | synonyms=function, role, use | examples=the function of an auger is to bore holes; ballet is beautiful but what use is it?
3. sense_key=purpose%1:07:01:: | definition=the quality of being determined to do or achieve something; firmness of purpose | synonyms=determination | examples=his determination showed in his every movement; he is a man of purpose

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "purposes" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text is discussing teachers' unions spreading a "silly libel" (the idea that teachers would educate better if paid more)
 - The phrase is "for their own narrow purposes"
 - This means the teachers' unions are spreading this libel for their own specific goals/aims/intentions

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=purpose%1:09:00:: | definition=an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions | synonyms=intent, intention, aim, design | examples=his intent was to provide a new translation; good intentions are not enough

 This sense refers to an intended outcome, goal, or aim. The phrase "for their own narrow purposes" fits well here - it means for their own specific aims or goals (likely self-serving goals).

 2. sense_key=purpose%1:07:00:: | definition=what something is used for | synonyms=function, role, use | examples=the function of an auger is to bore holes; ballet is beautiful but what use is it?

 This sense refers to the function or use of something. This doesn't fit well in the context. The teachers' unions aren't using something for a function; they have specific aims/goals in spreading the libel.

 3. sense_key=purpose%1:07:01:: | definition=the quality of being determined to do or achieve something; firmness of purpose | synonyms=determination | examples=his determination showed in his every movement; he is a man of purpose

 This sense refers to determination or resolve. This doesn't fit because "for their own narrow purposes" isn't talking about their determination; it's talking about their specific aims or goals.

 The phrase "for their own narrow purposes" is an idiomatic expression meaning "for their own specific aims/goals" (often with a connotation of being self-serving or limited). This matches sense 1, which is about intended outcomes or aims.

 The context suggests the teachers' unions spread this libel to serve their own interests/goals - i.e., their intended outcome is to benefit themselves (perhaps to justify higher pay demands, to gain support, etc.).

 Therefore, sense 1 is the correct choice.

 Wait, let me double-check the sense indices. The user lists:
 1. sense_key=purpose%1:09:00::
 2. sense_key=purpose%1:07:00::
 3. sense_key=purpose%1:07:01::

 So I should return {"sense_index": 1}

 Let me verify:
 - "for their own narrow purposes" - this is definitely about intentions/aims, not function/use, and not determination.
 - The phrase "for the purposes of" or "for one's own purposes" typically refers to aims/intentions (sense 1).
 - The adjective "narrow" modifying "purposes" suggests limited or self-serving aims, which fits with sense 1.

 Yes, sense 1 is correct.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: politician
Target surface form: politicians
Context:
If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes. It is also the kind of libel <t>politicians</t> find useful, since it helps them strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency. But there is not one shred of evidence that, other things being equal, salary differentials result in educational differentials.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=politician%1:18:01:: | definition=a leader engaged in civil administration
2. sense_key=politician%1:18:00:: | definition=a person active in party politics | synonyms=politico, pol, political leader
3. sense_key=politician%1:18:02:: | definition=a schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "politicians" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text discusses teachers, teachers' unions, and politicians
 - It mentions that teachers' unions spread a "libel" (that teachers would educate better if paid more) for their own narrow purposes
 - It says this is also the kind of libel "politicians" find useful, since it helps them strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency (teachers)
 - The context suggests politicians are people who engage in political activity, seek support from constituencies, and take postures on issues to appeal to voters

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=politician%1:18:01:: | definition=a leader engaged in civil administration
    - This seems to refer to someone in administrative/executive roles in government, like a mayor or governor managing civil affairs.

 2. sense_key=politician%1:18:00:: | definition=a person active in party politics | synonyms=politico, pol, political leader
    - This refers to people involved in political activities, campaigns, seeking constituencies, etc. The synonyms include "pol" and "political leader."

 3. sense_key=politician%1:18:02:: | definition=a schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways
    - This is the pejorative sense, referring to someone scheming or manipulative.

 Context analysis:
 - The text mentions politicians "strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency"
 - This is typical political behavior - appealing to voters/constituencies for support
 - While there's a slightly negative tone (calling the claim "libel"), the description of politicians finding something "useful" to appeal to constituents is describing standard political behavior, not necessarily scheming in an underhanded way within an organization.
 - The focus is on their role in party politics/electoral politics - appealing to teacher constituencies for political support.

 The phrase "strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency" strongly suggests sense 2: a person active in party politics. This describes elected officials or political figures who seek to maintain good relations with voter groups (constituencies) to gain political support.

 Sense 1 (civil administration) is too narrow and administrative-focused. The context isn't about managing civil affairs but about political positioning and appealing to voters.

 Sense 3 (schemer) is too negative and specific to underhanded organizational maneuvering. While the text is critical, it's describing standard political behavior (appealing to constituents), not scheming in an underhanded way within an organization.

 Therefore, sense 2 (index 2) is the best fit: "a person active in party politics."

 Wait, I need to check the indexing. The user asks for a JSON like {"sense_index": 3}. The senses are listed as:
 1. sense_key=politician%1:18:01::
 2. sense_key=politician%1:18:00::
 3. sense_key=politician%1:18:02::

 So:
 - Index 1 corresponds to sense_key ending in 01 (civil administration)
 - Index 2 corresponds to sense_key ending in 00 (party politics)
 - Index 3 corresponds to sense_key ending in 02 (schemer)

 Actually, looking carefully:
 - The first one listed is sense_key=politician%1:18:01:: (civil administration)
 - The second one listed is sense_key=politician%1:18:00:: (party politics)
 - The third one listed is sense_key=politician%1:18:02:: (schemer)

 So if I choose the second one (party politics), the index would be 2.

 Let me double-check the WordNet sense ordering. In WordNet:
 - politician%1:18:00:: is "a person active in party politics"
 - politician%1:18:01:: is "a leader engaged in civil administration"
 - politician%1:18:02:: is "a schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways"

 But in the candidate list provided:
 1. sense_key=politician%1:18:01:: | definition=a leader engaged in civil administration
 2. sense_key=politician%1:18:00:: | definition=a person active in party politics | synonyms=politico, pol, political leader
 3. sense_key=politician%1:18:02:: | definition=a schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways

 So the index in the candidate list corresponds to the order given:
 - Candidate 1: civil administration (lexicographer file 01)
 - Candidate 2: party politics (lexicographer file 00)
 - Candidate 3: schemer (lexicographer file 02)

 The context describes politicians appealing to constituencies, which is classic party politics behavior. So I should choose index 2.

 Wait, I should verify the exact WordNet sense keys to make sure I understand the mapping correctly.

 In WordNet 3.0/3.1:
 - politician.n.01: a person active in party politics (synset offset 104627436)
 - politician.n.02: a leader engaged in civil administration (synset offset 104627790)
 - politician.n.03: a schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways (synset offset 104627966)

 Actually, looking at the sense keys:
 - politician%1:18:00:: corresponds to the first sense in WordNet (usually the most frequent)
 - politician%1:18:01:: corresponds to the second sense
 - politician%1:18:02:: corresponds to the third sense

 But the definitions provided in the prompt don't match what I recall. Let me check the prompt again:

 1. sense_key=politician%1:18:01:: | definition=a leader engaged in civil administration
 2. sense_key=politician%1:18:00:: | definition=a person active in party politics | synonyms=politico, pol, political leader
 3. sense_key=politician%1:18:02:: | definition=a schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways

 So the prompt lists them as:
 - Index 1: 01 (civil administration)
 - Index 2: 00 (party politics)
 - Index 3: 02 (schemer)

 The context clearly points to sense 2 (the one with definition "a person active in party politics"). The mention of "constituency" and "strike a friendly posture" indicates someone seeking political support from voters, which is characteristic of party politics.

 Therefore, the answer should be {"sense_index": 2}.

 Let me reconsider if it could be sense 3 (schemer). The text mentions "libel" and suggests politicians use this for their own purposes. However, the specific description is about striking a posture for a constituency, which is standard political behavior, not necessarily "sly or underhanded ways" within an organization. The schemer sense usually implies someone manipulating within an organization for personal advancement, often with negative connotations of sneakiness. While the text is critical, it's describing electoral politics (appealing to teacher voters), not organizational scheming.

 Sense 1 (civil administration) is clearly wrong because it's about administrative leadership, not constituency appeal.

 So yes, sense 2 is correct.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: find
Target surface form: find
Context:
If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes. It is also the kind of libel politicians <t>find</t> useful, since it helps them strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency. But there is not one shred of evidence that, other things being equal, salary differentials result in educational differentials.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=find%2:40:02:: | definition=come upon, as if by accident; meet with | synonyms=happen, chance, bump, encounter | examples=We find this idea in Plato; I happened upon the most wonderful bakery not very far from here
2. sense_key=find%2:39:02:: | definition=discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of | synonyms=detect, observe, discover, notice | examples=She detected high levels of lead in her drinking water; We found traces of lead in the paint
3. sense_key=find%2:40:00:: | definition=come upon after searching; find the location of something that was missed or lost | synonyms=regain | examples=Did you find your glasses?; I cannot find my gloves!
4. sense_key=find%2:32:00:: | definition=establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study | synonyms=determine, find out, ascertain | examples=find the product of two numbers; The physicist who found the elusive particle won the Nobel Prize
5. sense_key=find%2:31:10:: | definition=come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds | synonyms=feel | examples=I feel that he doesn't like me; I find him to be obnoxious
6. sense_key=find%2:39:01:: | definition=perceive or be contemporaneous with | synonyms=witness, see | examples=We found Republicans winning the offices; You'll see a lot of cheating in this school
7. sense_key=find%2:40:01:: | definition=get something or somebody for a specific purpose | synonyms=line up, get hold, come up | examples=I found this gadget that will serve as a bottle opener; I got hold of these tools to fix our plumbing
8. sense_key=find%2:36:00:: | definition=make a discovery, make a new finding | synonyms=discover | examples=Roentgen discovered X-rays; Physicists believe they found a new elementary particle
9. sense_key=find%2:31:09:: | definition=make a discovery | synonyms=discover | examples=She found that he had lied to her; The story is false, so far as I can discover
10. sense_key=find%2:40:03:: | definition=obtain through effort or management | examples=She found the time and energy to take care of her aging parents; We found the money to send our sons to college
11. sense_key=find%2:32:01:: | definition=decide on and make a declaration about | synonyms=rule | examples=find someone guilty
12. sense_key=find%2:30:00:: | definition=receive a specified treatment (abstract) | synonyms=receive, get, obtain, incur | examples=These aspects of civilization do not find expression or receive an interpretation; His movie received a good review
13. sense_key=find%2:39:05:: | definition=perceive oneself to be in a certain condition or place | examples=I found myself in a difficult situation; When he woke up, he found himself in a hospital room
14. sense_key=find%2:40:15:: | definition=get or find back; recover the use of | synonyms=recover, retrieve, regain | examples=She regained control of herself; She found her voice and replied quickly
15. sense_key=find%2:38:10:: | definition=succeed in reaching; arrive at | examples=The arrow found its mark
16. sense_key=find%2:30:13:: | definition=accept and make use of one's personality, abilities, and situation | synonyms=find oneself | examples=My son went to Berkeley to find himself

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) on the word "find" in the given context.

Context analysis:
- The sentence is: "It is also the kind of libel politicians <t>find</t> useful, since it helps them strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency."
- Here, "find" is used with "useful" - politicians find (something) useful.
- This means they consider it useful, perceive it as useful, discover it to be useful, or come to believe it is useful.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. come upon, as if by accident; meet with - doesn't fit well here. Not accidental.
2. discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of - not quite right. They're not discovering the libel exists.
3. come upon after searching - no searching implied.
4. establish after a calculation, investigation... - no calculation or study mentioned.
5. come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds - synonyms: feel. "I find him to be obnoxious" - this is close. "Politicians find it useful" = politicians consider it useful/perceive it as useful.
6. perceive or be contemporaneous with - witness, see. "We found Republicans winning" - not quite the same usage.
7. get something or somebody for a specific purpose - no, they're not getting the libel.
8. make a discovery, make a new finding - no.
9. make a discovery - no.
10. obtain through effort or management - no.
11. decide on and make a declaration about - legal finding, no.
12. receive a specified treatment (abstract) - "These aspects do not find expression" - different construction.
13. perceive oneself to be in a certain condition or place - reflexive use mostly.
14. get or find back; recover - no.
15. succeed in reaching; arrive at - no.
16. accept and make use of one's personality... - find oneself, not applicable.

Between sense 5 and sense 2 maybe? Or sense 1?

Sense 5: "come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds" with synonyms "feel". Examples: "I feel that he doesn't like me; I find him to be obnoxious"

Sense 2: "discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of" - examples about detecting lead, finding traces.

Actually, looking at sense 5: "find him to be obnoxious" - this is a "find + object + adjective/complement" construction. "Politicians find it useful" - this matches the pattern "find + object + adjective" (useful).

Sense 12 is "receive a specified treatment" - but that's usually intransitive or passive-like "find expression".

Sense 5 seems best: "come to believe/perceive/consider" - politicians consider/perceive the libel to be useful.

Wait, let me double-check the WordNet sense keys to make sure I understand the indexing.

The sense keys given are:
- find%2:40:02::
- find%2:39:02::
- find%2:40:00::
- find%2:32:00::
- find%2:31:10::  <-- This is index 5 (in the list provided)
- find%2:39:01::
- find%2:40:01::
- find%2:36:00::
- find%2:31:09::
- find%2:40:03::
- find%2:32:01::
- find%2:30:00::
- find%2:39:05::
- find%2:40:15::
- find%2:38:10::
- find%2:30:13::

In the list provided:
1. sense_key=find%2:40:02::
2. sense_key=find%2:39:02::
3. sense_key=find%2:40:00::
4. sense_key=find%2:32:00::
5. sense_key=find%2:31:10::
6. sense_key=find%2:39:01::
7. sense_key=find%2:40:01::
8. sense_key=find%2:36:00::
9. sense_key=find%2:31:09::
10. sense_key=find%2:40:03::
11. sense_key=find%2:32:01::
12. sense_key=find%2:30:00::
13. sense_key=find%2:39:05::
14. sense_key=find%2:40:15::
15. sense_key=find%2:38:10::
16. sense_key=find%2:30:13::

So:
Index 5: sense_key=find%2:31:10:: | definition=come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds | synonyms=feel | examples=I feel that he doesn't like me; I find him to be obnoxious

This matches the construction "find him to be obnoxious" which is similar to "find [the libel] useful".

Index 2: sense_key=find%2:39:02:: | definition=discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of | synonyms=detect... - this is more about discovering facts/traces, not about considering something useful.

Index 5 is the right choice. The meaning is that politicians consider/feel/perceive that this libel is useful to them.

Actually, let me reconsider if there's any other sense that could fit.

Sense 12: receive a specified treatment - "do not find expression" - transitive but different meaning.

Sense 5 is clearly the one for "find + object + complement" where the meaning is opinion/judgment.

Therefore, the answer should be index 5.

Wait, I should check if sense 9 or 8 could be it? No, those are about making discoveries (scientific).

Sense 1: "We find this idea in Plato" - this is about encountering/coming upon ideas. But here it's "find useful", not just "find". The "useful" is a complement describing the object.

Sense 5 example: "I find him to be obnoxious" - exactly the same structure: Subject + find + Object + Adjective (complement).

So yes, sense 5.

The user asks for JSON: {"sense_index": 5}

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: help
Target surface form: helps
Context:
If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes. It is also the kind of libel politicians find useful, since it <t>helps</t> them strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency. But there is not one shred of evidence that, other things being equal, salary differentials result in educational differentials.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=help%2:41:00:: | definition=give help or assistance; be of service | synonyms=assist, aid | examples=Everyone helped out during the earthquake; Can you help me carry this table?
2. sense_key=help%2:29:00:: | definition=improve the condition of | synonyms=aid | examples=These pills will help the patient
3. sense_key=help%2:42:00:: | definition=be of use | synonyms=facilitate | examples=This will help to prevent accidents
4. sense_key=help%2:42:08:: | definition=abstain from doing; always used with a negative | synonyms=help oneself | examples=I can't help myself--I have to smoke; She could not help watching the sad spectacle
5. sense_key=help%2:34:00:: | definition=help to some food; help with food or drink | synonyms=serve | examples=I served him three times, and after that he helped himself
6. sense_key=help%2:41:12:: | definition=contribute to the furtherance of | examples=This money will help the development of literacy in developing countries
7. sense_key=help%2:34:04:: | definition=take or use | synonyms=avail | examples=She helped herself to some of the office supplies
8. sense_key=help%2:30:13:: | definition=improve; change for the better | examples=New slipcovers will help the old living room furniture

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "helps" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The sentence is: "It is also the kind of libel politicians find useful, since it <t>helps</t> them strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency."
 - The "it" refers to the libel (the claim that teachers would educate better if paid more).
 - This libel helps politicians strike a friendly posture.
 - So "helps" here means assists or enables politicians to do something (strike a friendly posture).

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=help%2:41:00:: | definition=give help or assistance; be of service | synonyms=assist, aid | examples=Everyone helped out during the earthquake; Can you help me carry this table?
    - This is the general sense of providing assistance. "Helps them strike a friendly posture" fits this - it assists them in doing so.

 2. sense_key=help%2:29:00:: | definition=improve the condition of | synonyms=aid | examples=These pills will help the patient
    - This is about improving someone's condition (health). Not applicable here.

 3. sense_key=help%2:42:00:: | definition=be of use | synonyms=facilitate | examples=This will help to prevent accidents
    - This is similar to sense 1 but more about being useful. "Be of use" or "facilitate". This could fit: "it facilitates them striking a friendly posture" or "it is of use in striking..."

 4. sense_key=help%2:42:08:: | definition=abstain from doing; always used with a negative | synonyms=help oneself | examples=I can't help myself--I have to smoke
    - This is "can't help" construction. Not applicable here.

 5. sense_key=help%2:34:00:: | definition=help to some food; help with food or drink | synonyms=serve | examples=I served him three times, and after that he helped himself
    - This is about serving food. Not applicable.

 6. sense_key=help%2:41:12:: | definition=contribute to the furtherance of | examples=This money will help the development of literacy in developing countries
    - This is about contributing to a process or development. "Helps them strike..." - this could fit, but "contribute to the furtherance of" usually takes a noun phrase like "development", not an infinitive clause like "strike". But it could work.

 7. sense_key=help%2:34:04:: | definition=take or use | synonyms=avail | examples=She helped herself to some of the office supplies
    - This is "help oneself to something". Not applicable.

 8. sense_key=help%2:30:13:: | definition=improve; change for the better | examples=New slipcovers will help the old living room furniture
    - This is about improving the appearance or condition of something. Not applicable.

 Now between sense 1, 3, and 6:

 Sense 1: "give help or assistance; be of service" - This is the most general sense. The examples show helping with actions (help out, help carry).

 Sense 3: "be of use" / "facilitate" - This is about being useful for a purpose.

 Sense 6: "contribute to the furtherance of" - This is about promoting or advancing something.

 In the context: "it helps them strike a friendly posture"
 - "Strike a friendly posture" is an action/achievement.
 - The libel assists the politicians in performing this action.

 Sense 1 seems most appropriate: "give help or assistance; be of service". The structure "helps them [verb]" matches the examples like "help me carry".

 Sense 3 "be of use" usually takes an infinitive like "help to prevent" or "help prevent", but here we have "helps them strike" (helps + person + verb).

 Sense 6 "contribute to the furtherance of" - if we parse it as "helps [the furtherance of their striking...]" it might work, but the syntax is "helps them strike", which is the typical structure for sense 1 (assist someone to do something).

 Also, looking at the examples for sense 6: "help the development" - here "development" is a noun. In our case, we have a person ("them") as the object of help, followed by a bare infinitive or something similar ("strike").

 Actually, looking closely: "helps them strike" - this is the pattern "help somebody (to) do something". This is classic sense 1 (assist/aid).

 Sense 3 examples: "This will help to prevent accidents" - here it's "help to verb", not "help somebody verb".

 Sense 1 examples: "Can you help me carry this table?" - this matches "helps them strike".

 Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit.

 Wait, let me double-check sense 6. The definition is "contribute to the furtherance of". Could "helps them strike" be interpreted as "contributes to the furtherance of their striking"? It's a stretch. The direct object of help in sense 6 would be the thing being furthered (like "development"), not the person doing the action.

 In sense 1, the direct object can be the person being helped.

 So sense 1 is definitely the best choice.

 The answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: ModelRun