[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: other
Target surface form: other
Context:
Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the <t>other</t> ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
2. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening
3. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=belonging to the distant past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "other" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The passage is about bell ringers in a church
 - "Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle..."
 - "each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole..."
 - "Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the <t>other</t> ropes and thus time their pulls."

 So the ringers are watching the "other" ropes - meaning the ropes belonging to the other ringers, or the ropes other than their own.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
    - This seems to be the general sense of "other" meaning "different from the one(s) already mentioned" or "additional" or "remaining"
    - In the context: "watch the other ropes" - meaning the ropes belonging to the other ringers, or the ropes other than their own rope
    - This fits well with "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied"

 2. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening
    - This refers to time, like "the other day"
    - Doesn't fit here - we're talking about physical ropes, not time

 3. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=belonging to the distant past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
    - Also temporal, meaning "former" or "previous"
    - Doesn't fit - the ropes aren't from the distant past

 4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail
    - This means "strange" or "alien"
    - Doesn't fit - the ropes aren't strange or unusual, they're just the ropes belonging to others

 So sense 1 is clearly the best fit. The ringers watch the other ropes (the ropes other than their own) to time their pulls.

 The definition "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied" fits because:
 - Each ringer has their own rope (implied by "each pulling a rope")
 - They watch the "other" ropes - meaning the ropes belonging to the other ringers
 - These are the ropes not already mentioned in the immediate context of the individual ringer's own rope

 Actually, looking more carefully at the context: "each pulling a rope... using peripheral vision... to watch the other ropes"
 - So each ringer has their own rope, and they watch the other ropes (the ones belonging to the other nine ringers)

 This is definitely sense 1.

 Wait, let me double-check the sense keys. The user says "Do not answer with a WordNet sense key" and "Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}".

 So I need to return the index number. The senses are numbered 1, 2, 3, 4 in the candidate list.

 Sense 1 is: other%3:00:00::
 Sense 2 is: other%5:00:00:past:00
 Sense 3 is: other%5:00:02:past:00
 Sense 4 is: other%5:00:00:strange:00

 So the answer should be {"sense_index": 1}

 Let me verify once more:
 - "watch the other ropes" - this means the ropes belonging to the other ringers
 - This is the standard adjectival sense of "other" meaning "additional" or "different from the one(s) already specified"
 - Sense 1 examples: "today isn't any other day" (meaning a different day), "the construction of highways and other public works" (meaning additional/different public works)
 - This matches perfectly with "the other ropes" meaning the ropes belonging to the other people

 Yes, sense 1 is correct.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rope
Target surface form: ropes
Context:
Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other <t>ropes</t> and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rope%1:06:00:: | definition=a strong line
2. sense_key=rope%1:06:01:: | definition=street names for flunitrazepan | synonyms=R-2, Mexican valium, rophy, roofy, roach, forget me drug

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "ropes" in the given context.

Target lemma: rope
Target surface form: ropes
Context: The text is about bell ringing (change ringing) in a church. It describes ringers pulling ropes that go up through holes in the ceiling to ring bells in the belfry. The specific sentence with the target word is: "Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other <t>ropes</t> and thus time their pulls."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rope%1:06:00:: | definition=a strong line
2. sense_key=rope%1:06:01:: | definition=street names for flunitrazepan | synonyms=R-2, Mexican valium, rophy, roofy, roach, forget me drug

Analysis:
- Sense 1: "a strong line" - This refers to the physical object, a thick cord or line made of twisted fibers. In the context of bell ringing, the ringers pull ropes (cords) that are attached to the bells. This fits perfectly.
- Sense 2: This is a slang term for a drug (flunitrazepan/Rohypnol). This is clearly not relevant to the context of church bell ringing.

The context explicitly describes physical ropes that the ringers pull to ring bells. The phrase "rope-sight" refers to watching the other ropes to time their pulling. This is clearly referring to the physical cord/line sense.

Therefore, the correct sense is index 1.

The user asks for a JSON object like {"sense_index": 3} (though the example shows 3, I should use the actual index of the correct sense, which is 1).

Wait, let me check the indexing. The candidate senses are listed as:
1. sense_key=...
2. sense_key=...

So the indices are 1 and 2. The correct one is 1.

I should return: {"sense_index": 1}

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: AtlasCloud

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: thus
Target surface form: thus
Context:
Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and <t>thus</t> time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=thus%4:02:00:: | definition=(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result | synonyms=therefore, hence, thence, so | examples=therefore X must be true; the eggs were fresh and hence satisfactory
2. sense_key=thus%4:02:01:: | definition=in the way indicated; ; ; (`thusly' is a nonstandard variant) | synonyms=thusly, so | examples=hold the brush so; set up the pieces thus

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "thus" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The passage is about bell ringers (church bell ringing).
 - The specific sentence is: "Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and <t>thus</t> time their pulls."

 The structure here is:
 - The ringers watch the other ropes
 - They do this to time their pulls
 - The word "thus" connects watching the ropes to timing their pulls

 Looking at the two candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=thus%4:02:00:: - logical conclusion, result ("therefore", "hence", "so")
    - Definition: (used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result
    - This indicates a causal or inferential relationship: "therefore", "as a result"

 2. sense_key=thus%4:02:01:: - manner, way ("thusly", "so")
    - Definition: in the way indicated
    - This indicates manner or method: "in this way", "like this"

 In the sentence "watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls":
 - Is this saying "they watch the ropes, and therefore/in consequence they time their pulls"?
 - Or is it saying "they watch the ropes, and in this way they time their pulls"?

 Actually, looking closely:
 - "using peripheral vision... to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls"
 - The ringers use peripheral vision to watch the other ropes, and by doing so (in this manner), they time their pulls.
 - OR: The ringers use peripheral vision to watch the other ropes, and therefore/as a result they time their pulls.

 The meaning seems to be: By watching the other ropes (using rope-sight), they are able to time their pulls correctly. This is a consequential relationship - watching the ropes enables/results in proper timing.

 However, let's look at the examples:
 Sense 1 examples: "therefore X must be true; the eggs were fresh and hence satisfactory"
 Sense 2 examples: "hold the brush so; set up the pieces thus"

 In the sentence "watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls":
 - If I replace "thus" with "therefore": "watch the other ropes and therefore time their pulls" - this sounds a bit odd because "time their pulls" is not a conclusion but an action.
 - If I replace "thus" with "therefore", it would imply: they watch the ropes, and as a result/consequence, they time their pulls. But the timing of pulls is the method/means by which they coordinate, not necessarily a logical conclusion.

 Wait, let me reconsider. The phrase is "using peripheral vision... to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls."

 Actually, looking at the syntax: "using ... to watch ... and thus time ..."
 This is: using [method] to [do action A] and thus [do action B].

 But "time their pulls" is the result of watching the ropes. By watching the ropes, they can time their pulls. This is a causal/resultative relationship.

 However, sense 2 ("in the way indicated") could also fit if we interpret it as "in this manner" - they watch the ropes, and by doing so (in this way) they time their pulls.

 But looking at the examples for sense 2: "hold the brush so; set up the pieces thus" - these are about physical arrangement, manner of holding/setting up.

 For sense 1: "therefore X must be true; the eggs were fresh and hence satisfactory" - these are about logical conclusions and results.

 In the phrase "watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls", the word "thus" is connecting two actions: watching ropes → timing pulls. The timing of pulls is accomplished by/result of watching the ropes.

 Actually, looking at similar constructions:
 - "He studied hard and thus passed the exam" (Sense 1 - resultative)
 - "He held the brush thus" (Sense 2 - manner)

 In "watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls":
 - Is "time their pulls" a result of watching the ropes? Yes, in the sense that watching enables the timing.
 - Or is it describing the manner in which they time their pulls? No, it's not describing the manner of the action, but rather that the action is achieved/resulting from the previous action.

 But wait, the phrase might be parsed as: "using peripheral vision... to watch the other ropes and [using peripheral vision] thusly to time their pulls" - but that seems strained.

 Actually, looking at the full clause: "using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls."

 Wait, is it possible that "thus" here means "in this way" referring back to the method of using peripheral vision?

 "using peripheral vision to watch the other ropes and [in this way/in this manner] time their pulls"

 If we substitute sense 2: "using peripheral vision to watch the other ropes and in this way time their pulls" - this makes sense. They use peripheral vision to watch ropes, and by doing so (in this manner), they time their pulls.

 If we substitute sense 1: "using peripheral vision to watch the other ropes and therefore time their pulls" - this also makes sense but sounds slightly more formal/logical.

 But let's look at the synonyms again:
 Sense 1: therefore, hence, thence, so (inferential/resultative)
 Sense 2: thusly, so (manner)

 Note that "so" appears in both.

 In the phrase "and thus time their pulls", "thus" is functioning as a conjunct or adverb modifying the verb phrase "time their pulls".

 If it's sense 2 (manner), it would mean "time their pulls in this way/manner" (referring to the way previously mentioned).
 If it's sense 1 (result), it would mean "time their pulls as a result" or "and therefore time their pulls".

 Given the context of describing physical actions (pulling ropes, watching ropes), sense 2 might seem appropriate if it's describing the manner. But sense 1 is also strong because watching the ropes is what enables/allows them to time their pulls.

 Let me check if there's a pattern with "and thus":
 - "He worked hard and thus succeeded" (result - sense 1)
 - "He held the brush thus" (manner - sense 2)

 In the sentence, "watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls":
 - The watching causes/enables the timing (result)
 - But "thus" could also modify "time" to mean "time them in this manner"

 However, looking at standard usage, when "thus" connects two verb phrases like this (watch X and thus do Y), it almost always indicates result/consequence (sense 1), not manner.

 For example:
 - "He spoke clearly and thus was understood."
 - "She practiced daily and thus improved quickly."

 If it were manner, we would expect something like:
 - "He held the rope thus" (showing a position)

 In this context, the ringers watch the other ropes in order to time their own pulls. The watching is the means, the timing is the result. Thus (therefore/as a result), they can time their pulls.

 Actually, looking at the exact wording again: "using peripheral vision... to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls."

 The infinitive "to watch" suggests purpose. The "and thus time" suggests another purpose or a result of the watching.

 If I parse it as: "[using peripheral vision] to watch the other ropes and [using peripheral vision] thus to time their pulls" - that's awkward.

 If I parse it as: "to [watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls]" - then "thus" connects watching and timing.

 In bell ringing terminology, "rope-sight" is the skill of watching other ropes to know when to pull your own rope. So watching the others is how you time your pull. This is instrumental - by watching, you are able to time.

 This feels more like sense 1 (resultative/consequential) because the ability to time properly follows from watching the ropes.

 But I need to be careful. WordNet sense 2 is specifically "in the way indicated".

 Let me look at the actual WordNet entries to be sure I'm interpreting correctly.

 Sense 4:02:00 (adv) therefore, hence, thence, thus, so
 (used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result
 Examples: "therefore X must be true"; "the eggs were fresh and hence satisfactory"; "we were young and thence optimistic"; "it is late and thus we must go"; "the witness is biased and so cannot be trusted"

 Sense 4:02:01 (adv) thus, thusly, so
 in the way indicated; (`thusly' is a nonstandard variant)
 Examples: "hold the brush so"; "set up the pieces thus"; (`thusly' is a nonstandard variant)"

 Key distinction:
 - Sense 1: introducing a logical conclusion or result
 - Sense 2: describing the manner/way something is done

 Now, "time their pulls" - is this a result of watching the ropes, or is it describing the manner in which they time their pulls?

 "Watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls" = "Watch the other ropes and in this way/time their pulls in this manner"?
 Or = "Watch the other ropes and as a result time their pulls"?

 Given that "time their pulls" is a necessary consequence of watching the ropes in change ringing (you watch to know when to pull), this is causal/resultative.

 Moreover, "thus" as sense 2 (manner) usually comes after the verb or at the end of a clause indicating "in this way", not typically as a coordinator between two actions with "and".

 Actually, looking at examples:
 - "Set up the pieces thus" (manner, at end)
 - "Hold the brush so" (manner, after object)

 But: "He spoke thus" (manner).

 "He watched the ropes and thus timed his pulls" - this looks like result.

 "Thus" meaning "in this way" when used with "and" is rare. Usually it's "do it thus" or "thus done".

 Therefore, I believe sense 1 is the correct choice.

 Wait, but let me double-check. Could "thus" be modifying "using"?
 "using peripheral vision... to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls"

 If "thus" modifies "using", that would be "using... thus", meaning "using in this way". But the placement after "and" suggests it goes with "time".

 I think the strongest argument is that "thus" between two verb phrases (watch... and thus time...) indicates that the second is a consequence of the first. This is sense 1.

 Therefore, the answer should be sense_index: 1.

 But wait, I should reconsider sense 2 one more time. Is it possible that "thus" refers to the method described (using peripheral vision)?

 "using peripheral vision... to watch the other ropes and [in this manner] time their pulls"

 In this reading, "thus" = "by doing so" = "in this way". This is sense 2.

 However, in WordNet, sense 2 is illustrated with physical positioning examples. The definition is "in the way indicated".

 If "thus" means "by watching the other ropes", then it's instrumental, which is closer to manner, but could also be seen as resultative.

 Actually, looking at the overlap: "so" is in both.
 - "I am tired, so I will sleep" (sense 1)
 - "Hold it so" (sense 2)

 In "watch... and thus time...", if we replace with "so":
 - "watch the ropes and so time their pulls" - this is somewhat archaic but means "and therefore"
 - "watch the ropes and so time their pulls" could also theoretically mean "and in this way" but that's less likely.

 Given the options, sense 1 (therefore/hence) is the standard interpretation for "and thus" connecting clauses/actions in modern English.

 The sense 2 use is typically when "thus" directly modifies a verb of position or arrangement, often at the end of the clause.

 Therefore, I will choose sense_index: 1.

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: time
Target surface form: time
Context:
Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus <t>time</t> their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=time%2:30:00:: | definition=measure the time or duration of an event or action or the person who performs an action in a certain period of time | synonyms=clock | examples=he clocked the runners
2. sense_key=time%2:31:00:: | definition=assign a time for an activity or event | examples=The candidate carefully timed his appearance at the disaster scene
3. sense_key=time%2:31:01:: | definition=set the speed, duration, or execution of | examples=we time the process to manufacture our cars very precisely
4. sense_key=time%2:30:01:: | definition=regulate or set the time of | examples=time the clock
5. sense_key=time%2:30:06:: | definition=adjust so that a force is applied and an action occurs at the desired time | examples=The good player times his swing so as to hit the ball squarely

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "time" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The passage is about bell ringers in a church
 - They are pulling ropes to ring bells
 - They use "rope-sight" (peripheral vision) to watch other ropes
 - They do this to "time" their pulls
 - The goal is to coordinate their pulling with the other ringers and the bells

 The target usage is: "using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus <t>time</t> their pulls."

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=time%2:30:00:: | definition=measure the time or duration of an event or action or the person who performs an action in a certain period of time | synonyms=clock | examples=he clocked the runners
    - This is about measuring duration, like timing a race. Not quite right here.

 2. sense_key=time%2:31:00:: | definition=assign a time for an activity or event | examples=The candidate carefully timed his appearance at the disaster scene
    - This is about scheduling when something happens. Not right here.

 3. sense_key=time%2:31:01:: | definition=set the speed, duration, or execution of | examples=we time the process to manufacture our cars very precisely
    - This is about setting the timing of a process. Close, but let's look at others.

 4. sense_key=time%2:30:01:: | definition=regulate or set the time of | examples=time the clock
    - This is about setting a clock. Not right.

 5. sense_key=time%2:30:06:: | definition=adjust so that a force is applied and an action occurs at the desired time | examples=The good player times his swing so as to hit the ball squarely
    - This is about coordinating the timing of an action so it happens at the right moment. The example mentions a player timing his swing to hit the ball.

 Comparing sense 3 and sense 5:
 - Sense 3: "set the speed, duration, or execution of" - seems more about controlling the overall timing of a process
 - Sense 5: "adjust so that a force is applied and an action occurs at the desired time" - seems about coordinating a specific physical action

 In the context, the ringers are watching other ropes to coordinate when they pull their own rope. They need to time their pulls so they happen at the right moment relative to the other ringers and the bells. This is about coordinating the timing of a physical action (pulling the rope).

 The example in sense 5 is very apt: "The good player times his swing so as to hit the ball squarely" - this is about coordinating a physical movement to occur at the right instant.

 The ringers are doing the same thing - coordinating their pulls to occur at the right time in relation to the other ropes and bells.

 Sense 5 seems to be the best fit.

 Wait, let me double-check the sense keys and indices. The user lists them as:
 1. sense_key=time%2:30:00::
 2. sense_key=time%2:31:00::
 3. sense_key=time%2:31:01::
 4. sense_key=time%2:30:01::
 5. sense_key=time%2:30:06::

 So the indices are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

 Sense 5 is: adjust so that a force is applied and an action occurs at the desired time

 This matches perfectly. The ringers are adjusting when they apply force (pull the rope) so that it occurs at the desired time (coordinated with the other ringers and the bell's position).

 Actually, looking at WordNet, sense 5 (time%2:30:06::) is indeed the sense meaning "adjust so that a force is applied and an action occurs at the desired time" with the example about the good player timing his swing.

 This is exactly what the bell ringers are doing - they are timing their pulls (applying force) to occur at the right moment.

 So the answer should be sense_index: 5.

 Let me verify the other senses once more to be sure:
 - Sense 1: measuring duration (clocking runners) - no, they're not measuring how long the pull takes
 - Sense 2: assigning a time for an event (scheduling) - no
 - Sense 3: setting speed/duration of a process - this is close but more about setting the timing parameters of a process rather than coordinating a specific physical action
 - Sense 4: regulating a clock - no
 - Sense 5: adjusting when force is applied for a physical action - yes, this is coordinating the pull

 The context emphasizes the physical coordination: "prize-fighter's stance", "pulling a rope", "time their pulls", "swing madly". The example about the player timing his swing is analogous to the ringer timing his pull.

 Therefore, sense 5 is correct.

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: pull
Target surface form: pulls
Context:
Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their <t>pulls</t>. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=pull%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of pulling; applying force to move something toward or with you | synonyms=pulling | examples=the pull up the hill had him breathing harder; his strenuous pulling strained his back
2. sense_key=pull%1:19:00:: | definition=the force used in pulling | examples=the pull of the moon; the pull of the current
3. sense_key=pull%1:07:00:: | definition=special advantage or influence | synonyms=clout | examples=the chairman's nephew has a lot of pull
4. sense_key=pull%1:06:01:: | definition=a device used for pulling something | examples=he grabbed the pull and opened the drawer
5. sense_key=pull%1:26:00:: | definition=a sharp strain on muscles or ligaments | synonyms=wrench, twist | examples=the wrench to his knee occurred as he fell; he was sidelined with a hamstring pull
6. sense_key=pull%1:04:01:: | definition=a slow inhalation (as of tobacco smoke) | synonyms=puff, drag | examples=he took a puff on his pipe; he took a drag on his cigarette and expelled the smoke slowly
7. sense_key=pull%1:04:02:: | definition=a sustained effort | examples=it was a long pull but we made it

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "pulls" in the given context. The target lemma is "pull" and the surface form is "pulls".

Let me analyze the context:
- The text is about bell ringers in a church
- They are pulling ropes that go up to the ceiling
- They use "rope-sight" to watch other ropes and time their "pulls"
- The bells swing through 360 degrees above

The specific sentence: "Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their <t>pulls</t>."

So here, "pulls" refers to the action of pulling the ropes. The ringers are timing their actions of pulling the ropes.

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=pull%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of pulling; applying force to move something toward or with you | synonyms=pulling | examples=the pull up the hill had him breathing harder; his strenuous pulling strained his back
   - This seems to fit. It's the act of pulling the rope.

2. sense_key=pull%1:19:00:: | definition=the force used in pulling | examples=the pull of the moon; the pull of the current
   - This refers to force, not the action itself. The context is about timing their actions, not the force.

3. sense_key=pull%1:07:00:: | definition=special advantage or influence | synonyms=clout | examples=the chairman's nephew has a lot of pull
   - This is metaphorical influence, not physical pulling.

4. sense_key=pull%1:06:01:: | definition=a device used for pulling something | examples=he grabbed the pull and opened the drawer
   - This is a physical object/device, not the action.

5. sense_key=pull%1:26:00:: | definition=a sharp strain on muscles or ligaments | synonyms=wrench, twist | examples=the wrench to his knee occurred as he fell; he was sidelined with a hamstring pull
   - This is an injury, not the action of pulling the rope.

6. sense_key=pull%1:04:01:: | definition=a slow inhalation (as of tobacco smoke) | synonyms=puff, drag | examples=he took a puff on his pipe; he took a drag on his cigarette and expelled the smoke slowly
   - This is about smoking, not bell ringing.

7. sense_key=pull%1:04:02:: | definition=a sustained effort | examples=it was a long pull but we made it
   - This is more metaphorical, like "a long pull" meaning a sustained effort over time. While bell ringing is sustained, the specific context here is about timing the individual actions of pulling the rope.

The best fit is sense 1: "the act of pulling; applying force to move something toward or with you". The ringers are timing their actions (pulls) on the ropes. The examples mention "his strenuous pulling strained his back" which aligns with the physical act of pulling the bell ropes.

The word "pulls" here is a noun referring to the individual instances of pulling the rope. Sense 1 covers "the act of pulling" which matches perfectly.

Sense 7 "a sustained effort" could be tempting because ringing bells is hard work, but the context specifically mentions timing their pulls (individual actions) using rope-sight to watch other ropes, which suggests discrete actions of pulling, not the sustained effort over time.

Therefore, sense index 1 is the correct choice.

Wait, I need to check the indexing. The user lists them as:
1. sense_key=pull%1:04:00::
2. sense_key=pull%1:19:00::
3. sense_key=pull%1:07:00::
4. sense_key=pull%1:06:01::
5. sense_key=pull%1:26:00::
6. sense_key=pull%1:04:01::
7. sense_key=pull%1:04:02::

So the indices are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.

I should return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: far
Target surface form: Far
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. <t>Far</t> above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=far%4:02:02:: | definition=to a considerable degree; very much | examples=a far far better thing that I do; felt far worse than yesterday
2. sense_key=far%4:02:00:: | definition=at or to or from a great distance in space | examples=he traveled far; strayed far from home
3. sense_key=far%4:02:04:: | definition=at or to a certain point or degree | examples=I can only go so far before I have to give up; how far can we get with this kind of argument?
4. sense_key=far%4:02:01:: | definition=remote in time | examples=if we could see far into the future; all that happened far in the past
5. sense_key=far%4:02:05:: | definition=to an advanced stage or point | examples=a young man who will go very far

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "Far" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text describes bell ringers in a church
 - "Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle... in the ringing chamber"
 - "Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells..."

 The target word "Far" appears in the phrase "Far above in the belfry". This is describing the physical location of the bells relative to the ringers. The ringers are in the ringing chamber below, and the bells are "far above" in the belfry.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=far%4:02:02:: | definition=to a considerable degree; very much | examples=a far far better thing that I do; felt far worse than yesterday
    - This is about degree/intensity ("far better", "far worse"), not spatial distance.

 2. sense_key=far%4:02:00:: | definition=at or to or from a great distance in space | examples=he traveled far; strayed far from home
    - This is about spatial distance. "Far above" fits here - it means at a great distance upward in space.

 3. sense_key=far%4:02:04:: | definition=at or to a certain point or degree | examples=I can only go so far before I have to give up; how far can we get with this kind of argument?
    - This is about extent or limit ("so far", "how far"), often metaphorical or about progress.

 4. sense_key=far%4:02:01:: | definition=remote in time | examples=if we could see far into the future; all that happened far in the past
    - This is about temporal distance, not spatial.

 5. sense_key=far%4:02:05:: | definition=to an advanced stage or point | examples=a young man who will go very far
    - This is about advancement/progress in life or a process.

 The context clearly uses "Far" to indicate spatial distance: the bells are physically located at a great distance above the ringers in the belfry. This matches sense 2: "at or to or from a great distance in space".

 The phrase "Far above" is a classic spatial usage indicating physical distance upward.

 Therefore, the correct sense index is 2.

 Wait, let me double-check the sense indices:
 - Sense 1: degree/intensity
 - Sense 2: spatial distance
 - Sense 3: certain point/degree (extent)
 - Sense 4: time
 - Sense 5: advanced stage

 Yes, sense 2 is the correct choice.

 The user wants the output as JSON: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: above
Target surface form: above
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far <t>above</t> in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=above%4:02:00:: | definition=at an earlier place | synonyms=supra | examples=see above
2. sense_key=above%4:02:01:: | definition=in or to a place that is higher | synonyms=higher up, in a higher place, to a higher place

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "above" in the given context.

Context analysis:
- The text is about bell ringing in a church (change ringing)
- "Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle... each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling..."
- "Far <t>above</t> in the belfry, the huge bronze bells..."
- The bells are located in the belfry, which is physically higher up than the ringing chamber where the ringers are standing
- The bells are "mounted on wheels" and "swing madly"
- This clearly refers to a physical spatial relationship - the bells are located in a higher place (the belfry) compared to the ringers who are in the ringing chamber below

Candidate senses analysis:
1. sense_key=above%4:02:00:: | definition=at an earlier place | synonyms=supra | examples=see above
   - This refers to textual references (like "see above" in a document)
   - Not applicable here - we're talking about physical space, not text

2. sense_key=above%4:02:01:: | definition=in or to a place that is higher | synonyms=higher up, in a higher place, to a higher place
   - This refers to physical elevation/height
   - Matches the context: the belfry is physically higher than the ringing chamber where the ringers are
   - "Far above in the belfry" clearly means "far higher up in the belfry"

The correct sense is clearly sense 2, which refers to physical height/elevation.

The user wants the output as JSON: {"sense_index": 2}

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bronze
Target surface form: bronze
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge <t>bronze</t> bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bronze%5:00:00:chromatic:00 | definition=of the color of bronze | synonyms=bronzy
2. sense_key=bronze%5:00:00:metallic:00 | definition=made from or consisting of bronze

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the word "bronze" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The text is about bell ringing in a church (St. Mary Abbot church, Kensington, London)
 - It describes "huge bronze bells" in the belfry
 - The bells are "mounted on wheels" and "swing madly"
 - These are physical bells made of material

 Candidate senses:
 1. sense_key=bronze%5:00:00:chromatic:00 | definition=of the color of bronze | synonyms=bronzy
 2. sense_key=bronze%5:00:00:metallic:00 | definition=made from or consisting of bronze

 Analysis:
 - Sense 1 refers to the color (chromatic) - "bronzy" - describing something that has the color of bronze
 - Sense 2 refers to the material/metallic composition - "made from or consisting of bronze"

 In the context: "the huge bronze bells" - this is describing what the bells are made of, not just their color. Church bells are traditionally made of bronze (an alloy of copper and tin). The text mentions they are "huge" and mounted in a belfry, swinging through 360 degrees.

 The question is whether "bronze" here modifies "bells" to indicate:
 1. They are bronze-colored (sense 1)
 2. They are made of bronze (sense 2)

 Given that church bells are typically made of bronze, and the context emphasizes their physical properties (mounted on wheels, swinging, muffled by ceiling), the material sense is more appropriate. While bells could be described by color, the standard interpretation of "bronze bells" is bells made of bronze.

 Also, looking at the definitions:
 - Sense 1: "of the color of bronze" (adjective describing color)
 - Sense 2: "made from or consisting of bronze" (adjective describing material composition)

 "Bronze bells" typically means bells made of bronze, not just bells that are bronze-colored.

 Therefore, sense 2 is the correct choice.

 The user wants only a JSON object like {"sense_index": 2}.

 Wait, looking at the candidate senses provided:
 1. sense_key=bronze%5:00:00:chromatic:00
 2. sense_key=bronze%5:00:00:metallic:00

 So sense_index should be 2.

 Let me double-check. Could it be describing the color? "Huge bronze bells" - could mean huge bells that are bronze-colored. But given that bells are specifically made of bronze (it's the standard material for church bells), and the technical description of the bell ringing operation, the material sense is primary.

 Also, in WordNet, "bronze" as an adjective:
 - Sense 1: of the color of bronze
 - Sense 2: made from or consisting of bronze

 The example for sense 2 would be things like "bronze cannon", "bronze statue", "bronze bells" - objects made of the metal.

 The example for sense 1 would be describing something that has the tan/brownish color of bronze, like "bronze skin" or "bronze sun".

 Therefore, sense 2 is correct.

 Output: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bell
Target surface form: bells
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze <t>bells</t>, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bell%1:06:00:: | definition=a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck
2. sense_key=bell%1:06:02:: | definition=a push button at an outer door that gives a ringing or buzzing signal when pushed | synonyms=doorbell, buzzer
3. sense_key=bell%1:11:00:: | definition=the sound of a bell being struck | synonyms=toll | examples=saved by the bell; she heard the distant toll of church bells
4. sense_key=bell%1:28:00:: | definition=(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units of nautical time signaled by strokes of a ship's bell; eight bells signals 4:00, 8:00, or 12:00 o'clock, either a.m. or p.m. | synonyms=ship's bell
5. sense_key=bell%1:25:00:: | definition=the shape of a bell | synonyms=bell shape, campana
6. sense_key=bell%1:18:02:: | definition=a phonetician and father of Alexander Graham Bell (1819-1905) | synonyms=Melville Bell, Alexander Melville Bell
7. sense_key=bell%1:18:01:: | definition=English painter; sister of Virginia Woolf; prominent member of the Bloomsbury Group (1879-1961) | synonyms=Vanessa Bell, Vanessa Stephen
8. sense_key=bell%1:18:00:: | definition=United States inventor (born in Scotland) of the telephone (1847-1922) | synonyms=Alexander Bell, Alexander Graham Bell
9. sense_key=bell%1:06:04:: | definition=a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument | synonyms=chime, gong
10. sense_key=bell%1:06:03:: | definition=the flared opening of a tubular device

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "bells" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text is about bell ringing, specifically "change ringing" in churches
 - It mentions "Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle... each pulling a rope"
 - It mentions "the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees"
 - These bells are in a "belfry"
 - They are physical objects that swing and make sound
 - They are made of bronze
 - They are mounted on wheels and swing through 360 degrees

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=bell%1:06:00:: | definition=a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck
    - This seems to fit. The bells are hollow metal devices (bronze) that make ringing sounds.

 2. sense_key=bell%1:06:02:: | definition=a push button at an outer door that gives a ringing or buzzing signal when pushed | synonyms=doorbell, buzzer
    - This is about doorbells, not church bells. Doesn't fit.

 3. sense_key=bell%1:11:00:: | definition=the sound of a bell being struck | synonyms=toll | examples=saved by the bell; she heard the distant toll of church bells
    - This is the sound itself, not the physical object. The context says "the huge bronze bells" which refers to the physical objects, not the sound. Also mentions "bells themselves" earlier referring to the sound being muffled, but the specific target is "the huge bronze bells" which are physical objects mounted on wheels.

 4. sense_key=bell%1:28:00:: | definition=(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units of nautical time signaled by strokes of a ship's bell; eight bells signals 4:00, 8:00, or 12:00 o'clock, either a.m. or p.m. | synonyms=ship's bell
    - Nautical timekeeping. Not relevant here.

 5. sense_key=bell%1:25:00:: | definition=the shape of a bell | synonyms=bell shape, campana
    - This is the shape, not the physical instrument. The context describes them as swinging objects mounted on wheels, not just shapes.

 6. sense_key=bell%1:18:02:: | definition=a phonetician and father of Alexander Graham Bell (1819-1905) | synonyms=Melville Bell, Alexander Melville Bell
    - Person. Not relevant.

 7. sense_key=bell%1:18:01:: | definition=English painter; sister of Virginia Woolf; prominent member of the Bloomsbury Group (1879-1961) | synonyms=Vanessa Bell, Vanessa Stephen
    - Person. Not relevant.

 8. sense_key=bell%1:18:00:: | definition=United States inventor (born in Scotland) of the telephone (1847-1922) | synonyms=Alexander Bell, Alexander Graham Bell
    - Person. Not relevant.

 9. sense_key=bell%1:06:04:: | definition=a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument | synonyms=chime, gong
    - This refers to orchestral bells or chimes. The context describes church bells that swing, not orchestral bells struck with hammers.

 10. sense_key=bell%1:06:03:: | definition=the flared opening of a tubular device
    - Like the bell of a trumpet or flower. Not relevant.

 So the best fit is sense 1: "a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck"

 The context describes:
 - "huge bronze bells" - metal devices
 - "mounted on wheels" - physical apparatus
 - "swing madly" - they move
 - "in the belfry" - location for bells
 - "makes a ringing sound" - implied by the whole context of bell ringing

 While sense 3 refers to the sound, the specific mention here is of the physical objects: "the huge bronze bells". The text mentions "the sound of the bells" separately (muffled by the ceiling), but the target "bells" in "the huge bronze bells" clearly refers to the physical instruments.

 Therefore, sense index 1 is correct.

 Wait, let me double-check the sense indexing. The user lists them as:
 1. sense_key=bell%1:06:00::
 2. sense_key=bell%1:06:02::
 3. sense_key=bell%1:11:00::
 ...

 So I should return {"sense_index": 1}

 Actually, looking carefully at the context again: "the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees"

 These are definitely the physical bells (the instruments), not the sound.

 Sense 1 is the general sense for a bell as a hollow metal device that rings.
 Sense 9 is specifically for orchestral bells (tuned bells struck with hammers).
 Sense 3 is the sound.

 The bells in the context are church bells used for change ringing, which are large bronze bells that swing. This matches sense 1.

 Yes, sense 1 is correct.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: mount
Target surface form: mounted
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, <t>mounted</t> on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=mount%2:35:00:: | definition=attach to a support | examples=They mounted the aerator on a floating
2. sense_key=mount%2:30:00:: | definition=go up or advance | synonyms=wax, climb, rise | examples=Sales were climbing after prices were lowered
3. sense_key=mount%2:30:01:: | definition=fix onto a backing, setting, or support | examples=mount slides for macroscopic analysis
4. sense_key=mount%2:36:00:: | definition=put up or launch | examples=mount a campaign against pornography
5. sense_key=mount%2:38:01:: | definition=get up on the back of | synonyms=hop on, mount up, get on, jump on, climb on, bestride | examples=mount a horse
6. sense_key=mount%2:38:00:: | definition=go upward with gradual or continuous progress | synonyms=climb, climb up, go up | examples=Did you ever climb up the hill behind your house?
7. sense_key=mount%2:36:01:: | definition=prepare and supply with the necessary equipment for execution or performance | synonyms=put on | examples=mount a theater production; mount an attack
8. sense_key=mount%2:35:07:: | definition=copulate with | synonyms=ride | examples=The bull was riding the cow

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "mounted" in the given context. The target lemma is "mount" and the surface form is "mounted".

Let me analyze the context:
- The text is about bell ringing in a church
- "Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, <t>mounted</t> on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees..."
- The bells are attached to wheels, allowing them to swing

Now let me look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=mount%2:35:00:: | definition=attach to a support | examples=They mounted the aerator on a floating
   - This seems relevant. The bells are attached to wheels/supports.

2. sense_key=mount%2:30:00:: | definition=go up or advance | synonyms=wax, climb, rise | examples=Sales were climbing after prices were lowered
   - This is about increasing or rising, not relevant here.

3. sense_key=mount%2:30:01:: | definition=fix onto a backing, setting, or support | examples=mount slides for macroscopic analysis
   - This is about fixing something onto a support. The bells are fixed/attached to wheels.

4. sense_key=mount%2:36:00:: | definition=put up or launch | examples=mount a campaign against pornography
   - This is about organizing/launching something, not physical attachment.

5. sense_key=mount%2:38:01:: | definition=get up on the back of | synonyms=hop on, mount up, get on, jump on, climb on, bestride | examples=mount a horse
   - This is about getting on top of something, not relevant.

6. sense_key=mount%2:38:00:: | definition=go upward with gradual or continuous progress | synonyms=climb, climb up, go up | examples=Did you ever climb up the hill behind your house?
   - This is about climbing, not relevant.

7. sense_key=mount%2:36:01:: | definition=prepare and supply with the necessary equipment for execution or performance | synonyms=put on | examples=mount a theater production; mount an attack
   - This is about organizing events, not physical attachment.

8. sense_key=mount%2:35:07:: | definition=copulate with | synonyms=ride | examples=The bull was riding the cow
   - Not relevant.

Now I need to distinguish between sense 1 and sense 3:
- Sense 1: "attach to a support" - example: "They mounted the aerator on a floating"
- Sense 3: "fix onto a backing, setting, or support" - example: "mount slides for macroscopic analysis"

Both seem close. Let me think about the specific context. The bells are "mounted on wheels". This means they are attached to wheels, or the wheels serve as the support/attachment mechanism.

Sense 1 (mount%2:35:00::) is defined as "attach to a support". The bells are attached to wheels which serve as the support mechanism that allows them to swing.

Sense 3 (mount%2:30:01::) is defined as "fix onto a backing, setting, or support" with the example of mounting slides for analysis. This seems more like placing something onto a prepared support (like mounting a picture on a wall, or slides on a microscope).

In the context of bells being "mounted on wheels", this is about the mechanical attachment of the bells to the wheel structure that allows them to rotate and swing. This fits better with sense 1 "attach to a support" or sense 3 "fix onto a backing, setting, or support".

Actually, looking more carefully at WordNet senses:
- Sense 1 (mount%2:35:00::) is typically used for attaching something to a support.
- Sense 3 (mount%2:30:01::) is often used for things like mounting specimens, artwork, etc. onto a backing.

But wait, I should look at the specific WordNet sense keys to understand the exact distinctions. The user provided:
1. mount%2:35:00:: - attach to a support
3. mount%2:30:01:: - fix onto a backing, setting, or support

The context describes bells that are attached to wheels. The wheels are the support mechanism. This is a physical attachment of an object to a support structure.

However, looking at the example for sense 3: "mount slides for macroscopic analysis" - this is about preparing specimens by fixing them onto a support.

The example for sense 1: "They mounted the aerator on a floating" - this is about attaching an aerator to a floating support.

In the bell context, the bells are attached to wheels. This is similar to attaching an aerator to a floating support. The bells are the object being attached, and the wheels are the support.

But actually, looking at the specific wording: "mounted on wheels" - this could mean the bells are attached to the wheels, or it could mean the bells are installed on wheels (as in, the wheels are part of the mounting mechanism).

In bell ringing terminology, bells are indeed "mounted" on wheels - the wheel is attached to the bell and the bell swings with the wheel. The wheel is the support/attachment mechanism.

Between sense 1 and sense 3:
- Sense 1 seems more general: attach to a support
- Sense 3 seems more specific: fix onto a backing, setting, or support (often used for display purposes like slides, pictures, etc.)

For mechanical objects like bells attached to wheels, sense 1 seems more appropriate. However, I need to be careful.

Let me reconsider the WordNet senses. In WordNet:
- mount%2:35:00:: usually corresponds to sense 1: "attach to a support"
- mount%2:30:01:: usually corresponds to sense 3: "fix onto a backing, setting, or support"

Actually, looking at standard WordNet definitions:
- One sense is "attach to a support" (like mounting a picture on the wall)
- Another sense is "fix onto a backing, setting, or support" (like mounting jewels in a setting, or mounting slides)

Wait, these might be very close. Let me think about the specific context again.

The bells are "mounted on wheels". This is describing the physical installation of the bells - they are attached to wheels so they can swing.

Sense 1 example: "They mounted the aerator on a floating" - attaching an aerator to a floating platform.
Sense 3 example: "mount slides for macroscopic analysis" - preparing slides by fixing them to a support.

The bell example seems closer to sense 1 - it's about attaching a heavy object (the bell) to a support structure (the wheel) so it can function (swing).

But I should check if there's a specific sense for "mount" meaning to place on a vehicle or mechanism. Actually, looking at the list again:

Sense 1: attach to a support
Sense 3: fix onto a backing, setting, or support

The distinction might be subtle. In many WordNet versions, "mount" has a sense for attaching things to a support (like mounting a TV on the wall) and another for preparing specimens/artwork.

Given the example for sense 1 mentions "aerator" (a mechanical device), and the context is about bells (mechanical/physical objects), sense 1 seems most appropriate.

However, I want to double-check. The phrase "mounted on wheels" is very common for bells. In bell-ringing terminology, the bell is mounted on a wheel (the wheel is attached to the bell headstock).

Actually, looking at the candidate list numbering:
1. sense_key=mount%2:35:00::
2. sense_key=mount%2:30:00::
3. sense_key=mount%2:30:01::
4. sense_key=mount%2:36:00::
5. sense_key=mount%2:38:01::
6. sense_key=mount%2:38:00::
7. sense_key=mount%2:36:01::
8. sense_key=mount%2:35:07::

The user wants me to return the index number (1-8).

Given the context:
- The bells are attached to wheels
- This allows them to swing
- It's a physical attachment to a support structure

Sense 1 (attach to a support) or Sense 3 (fix onto a backing, setting, or support) are the main candidates.

Sense 3's example "mount slides for macroscopic analysis" suggests a more specific usage related to preparing specimens or artwork for display/study.

Sense 1's example "They mounted the aerator on a floating" suggests attaching equipment to a support.

The bell context is clearly about mechanical attachment to a support (the wheel), not about preparing specimens for analysis. Therefore, Sense 1 seems best.

Wait, I should verify the exact WordNet sense distinctions. In WordNet 3.0 or similar:
- mount.v.01: attach to a support; "They mounted the aerator on a floating"
- mount.v.02: go up or advance; "Sales were climbing after prices were lowered"
- mount.v.03: fix onto a backing, setting, or support; "mount slides for macroscopic analysis"
- mount.v.04: put up or launch; "mount a campaign against pornography"
- mount.v.05: get up on the back of; "mount a horse"
- mount.v.06: go upward with gradual or continuous progress; "Did you ever climb up the hill behind your house?"
- mount.v.07: prepare and supply with the necessary equipment for execution or performance; "mount a theater production"
- mount.v.08: copulate with; "The bull was riding the cow"

So sense 1 is mount.v.01 and sense 3 is mount.v.03.

The difference:
- mount.v.01: attach to a support (general)
- mount.v.03: fix onto a backing, setting, or support (specific to settings/backings, like jewelry or microscopy slides)

For bells attached to wheels, mount.v.01 (attach to a support) is the correct sense. The wheels serve as the support/attachment mechanism.

Therefore, the answer should be index 1.

But let me reconsider one more time. Could it be sense 3? The bells are "fixed onto" wheels. But the example for sense 3 is specifically about slides for microscopic analysis, which is a very specific usage. The bells are large bronze objects attached to mechanical supports (wheels). This fits the general "attach to a support" better.

Also, looking at the phrase "mounted on wheels" - this is a very common collocation for sense 1 type mounting.

I will go with sense_index: 1.

provider: ModelRun


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: wheel
Target surface form: wheels
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on <t>wheels</t>, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=wheel%1:06:00:: | definition=a simple machine consisting of a circular frame with spokes (or a solid disc) that can rotate on a shaft or axle (as in vehicles or other machines)
2. sense_key=wheel%1:06:05:: | definition=a handwheel that is used for steering | synonyms=steering wheel
3. sense_key=wheel%1:07:00:: | definition=forces that provide energy and direction | examples=the wheels of government began to turn
4. sense_key=wheel%1:06:01:: | definition=a circular helm to control the rudder of a vessel
5. sense_key=wheel%1:06:03:: | definition=game equipment consisting of a wheel with slots that is used for gambling; the wheel rotates horizontally and players bet on which slot the roulette ball will stop in | synonyms=roulette wheel
6. sense_key=wheel%1:06:02:: | definition=an instrument of torture that stretches or disjoints or mutilates victims | synonyms=rack
7. sense_key=wheel%1:06:06:: | definition=a wheeled vehicle that has two wheels and is moved by foot pedals | synonyms=bicycle, bike, cycle

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "wheels" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The text is about bell ringing in a church (St. Mary Abbot church, Kensington, London)
 - It describes ringers pulling ropes attached to bells
 - The bells are mounted on wheels
 - The bells swing through 360 degrees
 - The wheels allow the bells to rotate/swing

 Candidate senses analysis:
 1. wheel%1:06:00 - a simple machine consisting of a circular frame with spokes (or a solid disc) that can rotate on a shaft or axle (as in vehicles or other machines)
 2. wheel%1:06:05 - a handwheel used for steering (steering wheel) - not relevant here
 3. wheel%1:07:00 - forces that provide energy and direction (figurative) - "wheels of government" - not relevant here, this is physical wheels
 4. wheel%1:06:01 - circular helm to control rudder of vessel - not relevant
 5. wheel%1:06:03 - roulette wheel - not relevant
 6. wheel%1:06:02 - instrument of torture - not relevant
 7. wheel%1:06:06 - bicycle - not relevant

 The context clearly describes bells mounted on wheels that allow them to swing/rotate. This matches sense 1: a simple machine consisting of a circular frame with spokes (or a solid disc) that can rotate on a shaft or axle.

 In bell ringing, bells are indeed mounted on wheels (called "bell wheels" or "ringing wheels") that allow them to rotate 360 degrees. This is the standard mechanical sense of wheel - a rotating circular frame.

 Sense 1 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: swing
Target surface form: swing
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, <t>swing</t> madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=swing%2:38:02:: | definition=move in a curve or arc, usually with the intent of hitting | examples=He swung his left fist; swing a bat
2. sense_key=swing%2:38:00:: | definition=move or walk in a swinging or swaying manner | synonyms=sway | examples=He swung back
3. sense_key=swing%2:38:03:: | definition=change direction with a swinging motion; turn | examples=swing back; swing forward
4. sense_key=swing%2:41:01:: | definition=influence decisively | synonyms=swing over | examples=This action swung many votes over to his side
5. sense_key=swing%2:35:00:: | definition=make a big sweeping gesture or movement | synonyms=sweep, swing out
6. sense_key=swing%2:42:00:: | definition=hang freely | synonyms=dangle, drop | examples=the ornaments dangled from the tree; The light dropped from the ceiling
7. sense_key=swing%2:33:00:: | definition=hit or aim at with a sweeping arm movement | examples=The soccer player began to swing at the referee
8. sense_key=swing%2:30:08:: | definition=alternate dramatically between high and low values | examples=his mood swings; the market is swinging up and down
9. sense_key=swing%2:42:01:: | definition=live in a lively, modern, and relaxed style | examples=The Woodstock generation attempted to swing freely
10. sense_key=swing%2:42:10:: | definition=have a certain musical rhythm | examples=The music has to swing
11. sense_key=swing%2:41:00:: | definition=be a social swinger; socialize a lot | synonyms=get around
12. sense_key=swing%2:36:03:: | definition=play with a subtle and intuitively felt sense of rhythm
13. sense_key=swing%2:35:08:: | definition=engage freely in promiscuous sex, often with the husband or wife of one's friends | examples=There were many swinging couples in the 1960's

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "swing" in a specific context. Let me analyze the context carefully.

The context is about bell ringing in a church. Specifically:
- "Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, <t>swing</t> madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position."

So the bells are swinging - moving in an arc or circular motion. They are mounted on wheels and swing through 360 degrees.

Now let me look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=swing%2:38:02:: | definition=move in a curve or arc, usually with the intent of hitting | examples=He swung his left fist; swing a bat
   - This involves hitting, which doesn't fit the bells context.

2. sense_key=swing%2:38:00:: | definition=move or walk in a swinging or swaying manner | synonyms=sway | examples=He swung back
   - This could work - bells moving in a swaying manner.

3. sense_key=swing%2:38:03:: | definition=change direction with a swinging motion; turn | examples=swing back; swing forward
   - This is about changing direction, but the bells are rotating 360 degrees.

4. sense_key=swing%2:41:01:: | definition=influence decisively | synonyms=swing over | examples=This action swung many votes over to his side
   - Abstract meaning, not physical movement.

5. sense_key=swing%2:35:00:: | definition=make a big sweeping gesture or movement | synonyms=sweep, swing out
   - This is about making a gesture, not bells moving.

6. sense_key=swing%2:42:00:: | definition=hang freely | synonyms=dangle, drop | examples=the ornaments dangled from the tree; The light dropped from the ceiling
   - Bells do hang, but the context emphasizes them swinging through 360 degrees, not just hanging.

7. sense_key=swing%2:33:00:: | definition=hit or aim at with a sweeping arm movement | examples=The soccer player began to swing at the referee
   - Involves hitting, not applicable.

8. sense_key=swing%2:30:08:: | definition=alternate dramatically between high and low values | examples=his mood swings; the market is swinging up and down
   - Abstract meaning.

9. sense_key=swing%2:42:01:: | definition=live in a lively, modern, and relaxed style | examples=The Woodstock generation attempted to swing freely
   - Lifestyle meaning.

10. sense_key=swing%2:42:10:: | definition=have a certain musical rhythm | examples=The music has to swing
    - Musical meaning.

11. sense_key=swing%2:41:00:: | definition=be a social swinger; socialize a lot | synonyms=get around
    - Social meaning.

12. sense_key=swing%2:36:03:: | definition=play with a subtle and intuitively felt sense of rhythm
    - Musical performance.

13. sense_key=swing%2:35:08:: | definition=engage freely in promiscuous sex, often with the husband or wife of one's friends | examples=There were many swinging couples in the 1960's
    - Sexual slang.

Now, looking at the specific context: "the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees"

The bells are moving in a curve or arc (actually a full circle/360 degrees).

Sense 1 mentions "move in a curve or arc" but specifies "usually with the intent of hitting" - which doesn't fit.

Sense 2 mentions "move or walk in a swinging or swaying manner" - bells don't walk, but they do sway/swing.

Sense 3 mentions "change direction with a swinging motion" - this could describe part of the motion.

But wait, I need to look at the WordNet sense keys more carefully. The sense keys follow the format: word%pos:lexfile:sense_num

Let me reconsider the senses based on the definitions:

Sense 1: "move in a curve or arc, usually with the intent of hitting" - This is like swinging a bat or fist. The bells aren't trying to hit something (though they might hit the clapper, but that's not the focus).

Sense 2: "move or walk in a swinging or swaying manner" - This is intransitive movement, like a pendulum. Bells on wheels swinging through 360 degrees fits this description of swaying/swinging motion.

Sense 6: "hang freely" - While bells do hang, the text emphasizes the active swinging motion through 360 degrees, not just hanging.

Actually, looking at the examples for sense 2: "He swung back" - this suggests a back-and-forth motion.

But the text says the bells "swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending... in the inverted... position."

This is describing the physical motion of the bells rotating on their wheels.

Between sense 1, 2, and 3:
- Sense 1 emphasizes hitting (transitive or intent to hit)
- Sense 2 emphasizes swaying manner (intransitive, like a pendulum)
- Sense 3 emphasizes changing direction

The bells are moving in a rotating/swinging motion. Sense 2 seems closest: "move or walk in a swinging or swaying manner" with synonym "sway".

But let me double-check if there's a better fit. The bells are mounted on wheels and swing through 360 degrees. This is a pendulum-like motion (though 360 degrees is a full rotation).

Actually, looking at WordNet more carefully:
- Sense 2:38:00 is typically "move in a curve" or "sway" - the intransitive motion of swinging back and forth.
- Sense 2:38:02 is "move in a curve or arc, usually with the intent of hitting" - this is the transitive sense (swing a bat).

The bells are swinging intransitively - they are the things moving, not being moved by someone to hit something.

So sense 2 (swing%2:38:00::) seems best: "move or walk in a swinging or swaying manner" with synonym "sway".

Wait, I should verify the sense indices. The user lists them as:
1. sense_key=swing%2:38:02::
2. sense_key=swing%2:38:00::
3. sense_key=swing%2:38:03::
...

So index 2 corresponds to sense_key swing%2:38:00::.

But let me reconsider sense 6: "hang freely" (swing%2:42:00::). The bells do hang, and they swing while hanging. But the context emphasizes the motion ("swing madly through a full 360 degrees"), not the state of hanging.

Also, sense 2:38:00 is defined as "move or walk in a swinging or swaying manner" - the bells are definitely moving in a swinging manner.

Actually, looking at the WordNet entry for "swing" verb:
- One sense is "move in a curve or arc, usually with the intent of hitting" (swing%2:38:02::)
- Another is "move or walk in a swinging or swaying manner" (swing%2:38:00::)
- Another is "change direction with a swinging motion; turn" (swing%2:38:03::)

The bells are swinging like a pendulum - this is sense 2:38:00.

But I want to make sure about the "360 degrees" part. If something swings 360 degrees, it makes a full circle. But in bell ringing, the bells actually rotate 360 degrees on their axis (mouth up to mouth up), which is indeed a swinging motion.

The key is that the bells are moving in a swaying/swinging manner (intransitive), not being swung by someone to hit something (transitive), and not just hanging there.

Therefore, sense index 2 (swing%2:38:00::) is the best choice.

Wait, I should check if sense 1 could apply. "move in a curve or arc" - yes, the bells move in an arc (or full circle). But "usually with the intent of hitting" - this qualifier makes it wrong for bells, which aren't trying to hit anything (the clapper hits the bell, but the bell itself isn't swinging to hit something).

Sense 3: "change direction with a swinging motion" - while the bells do change direction at the top of their swing, this definition seems more about turning or veering (like "swing left" or "swing around").

So sense 2 remains the best fit.

Actually, looking at the examples for sense 2: "He swung back" - this suggests a back-and-forth motion, which is exactly what bells do (though they go 360 degrees, which is unusual for a pendulum, but that's specific to change ringing).

Therefore, the answer should be {"sense_index": 2}.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: madly
Target surface form: madly
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing <t>madly</t> through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=madly%4:02:02:: | definition=in an uncontrolled manner | synonyms=frantically | examples=she fought back madly
2. sense_key=madly%4:02:01:: | definition=in an insane manner | synonyms=insanely, crazily, dementedly | examples=she behaved insanely; he behaves crazily when he is off his medication
3. sense_key=madly%4:02:00:: | definition=(used as intensives) extremely | synonyms=insanely, deadly, deucedly, devilishly | examples=she was madly in love; deadly dull

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "madly" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text describes bell ringing (change ringing)
 - The bells are mounted on wheels and swing through a full 360 degrees
 - They swing "madly" through this arc
 - The context suggests rapid, uncontrolled, or vigorous movement
 - The bells are swinging in a way that seems energetic or frenetic

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=madly%4:02:02:: | definition=in an uncontrolled manner | synonyms=frantically | examples=she fought back madly
    - This suggests lack of control, frantic movement
    - In the context: bells swinging through 360 degrees could be described as uncontrolled or frantic

 2. sense_key=madly%4:02:01:: | definition=in an insane manner | synonyms=insanely, crazily, dementedly | examples=she behaved insanely; he behaves crazily when he is off his medication
    - This suggests mental insanity or craziness in behavior
    - Bells don't behave insanely in the mental health sense; this is more for sentient beings acting irrationally

 3. sense_key=madly%4:02:00:: | definition=(used as intensives) extremely | synonyms=insanely, deadly, deucedly, devilishly | examples=she was madly in love; deadly dull
    - This is an intensifier meaning "extremely" or "very"
    - Usually modifies adjectives (madly in love) or other adverbs
    - Here "madly" modifies the verb "swing" - "swing madly"
    - While possible, "extremely swing" doesn't capture the manner of swinging as well as "uncontrolled manner"

 Looking at the specific usage: "swing madly through a full 360 degrees"

 The bells are swinging in a way that appears wild, energetic, uncontrolled - they go through a full 360 degrees which is quite dramatic. The word "madly" here describes the manner of swinging - it's frantic, uncontrolled, vigorous.

 Sense 1 ("in an uncontrolled manner") fits best because:
 - It describes the physical manner of the swinging
 - "Frantically" fits - the bells are swinging wildly through 360 degrees
 - The movement is mechanical but described as if uncontrolled or frenetic

 Sense 2 is too anthropomorphic/psychological for bells.

 Sense 3 would require "madly" to intensify an adjective or be used as "extremely", but here it's modifying the verb "swing" to describe the manner of movement, not the degree.

 Actually, looking more carefully:
 - "swing madly" could mean "swing extremely" (sense 3) or "swing in an uncontrolled manner" (sense 1)

 But the context emphasizes the physical movement through 360 degrees, the surprising nature of the position (inverted), and the skill needed to control them. The "madly" suggests the bells are swinging wildly, frantically - in an uncontrolled manner (even though they are technically controlled by the ringers, the movement itself appears frantic).

 The example for sense 1: "she fought back madly" - this shows physical action done frantically/uncontrollably.

 The bells swinging through 360 degrees in a continuous motion would appear to be swinging frantically or wildly.

 I think sense 1 is the best fit.

 Wait, let me reconsider sense 3. Could it be "extremely"? "Swing extremely through 360 degrees"? That doesn't sound right. "Swing madly" as in "swing wildly" is better.

 Also, looking at WordNet structure:
 - madly%4:02:00:: is the first sense (intensive)
 - madly%4:02:01:: is the second sense (insane manner)
 - madly%4:02:02:: is the third sense (uncontrolled manner)

 But the user has indexed them as 1, 2, 3 in the list:
 1. uncontrolled manner (frantically)
 2. insane manner (insanely, crazily)
 3. extremely (intensifier)

 So if I choose sense 1 (uncontrolled manner), the index would be 1.

 Let me double-check by looking at the sense keys:
 - madly%4:02:02:: = uncontrolled manner (index 1 in the list)
 - madly%4:02:01:: = insane manner (index 2 in the list)
 - madly%4:02:00:: = extremely (index 3 in the list)

 The user wants the "sense_index" which corresponds to the numbering in the list (1, 2, or 3).

 Context analysis:
 "the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees"

 This describes the physical motion. Bells swinging through 360 degrees would be rotating wildly, frantically. The word "madly" here conveys the frenetic, uncontrolled nature of the movement (even though it's mechanically controlled, it appears wild).

 "Frantically" (synonym for sense 1) fits well here - the bells are swinging frantically.

 "Insanely" in the sense of mentally deranged (sense 2) doesn't apply to bells.

 "Extremely" (sense 3) would modify an adjective typically, or if modifying the verb, would mean "to a great degree", but "swing extremely" is less idiomatic than "swing madly" meaning "swing wildly".

 Actually, looking at the example for sense 3: "she was madly in love" - here madly modifies the adjective "in love" (or is part of the phrase "madly in love").

 In "swing madly", madly is an adverb modifying the verb swing, describing the manner.

 Between manner senses:
 - Sense 1: uncontrolled manner, frantically
 - Sense 2: insane manner (for sentient beings)

 Sense 1 is clearly the best choice.

 Therefore: {"sense_index": 1}