[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: eye
Target surface form: Eyes
Context:
Haney peered doubtfully at his drinking companion through bleary, tear-filled eyes. He had no ready answer, as much from surprise as from the fit of coughing. Was the man drunk or crazy or both? But his new-found buddy had matched him drink for drink until he lost count, and the man's eyes were still clear. The guy is off his rocker, Haney thought to himself, and looked away from those eyes. <t>Eyes</t> that were clear, but also bright with a strange intensity, a sort of cold fire burning behind them. Why hadn't he noticed it before?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=eye%1:08:00:: | definition=the organ of sight | synonyms=oculus, optic
2. sense_key=eye%1:09:00:: | definition=good discernment (either visually or as if visually) | examples=she has an eye for fresh talent; he has an artist's eye
3. sense_key=eye%1:09:01:: | definition=attention to what is seen | examples=he tried to catch her eye
4. sense_key=eye%1:15:00:: | definition=an area that is approximately central within some larger region | synonyms=center, centre, middle, heart | examples=it is in the center of town; they ran forward into the heart of the struggle
5. sense_key=eye%1:06:00:: | definition=a small hole or loop (as in a needle) | examples=the thread wouldn't go through the eye

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "Eyes" (lemma: eye) in the given context.

Let me analyze the context carefully:

The passage describes Haney looking at his drinking companion. Key phrases:
- "bleary, tear-filled eyes"
- "the man's eyes were still clear"
- "looked away from those eyes"
- "<t>Eyes</t> that were clear, but also bright with a strange intensity, a sort of cold fire burning behind them"
- "Why hadn't he noticed it before?"

The target word "Eyes" is referring to the physical organs of sight. The description talks about them being "clear," "bright with a strange intensity," "cold fire burning behind them." This is clearly describing the physical eyes of the man.

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=eye%1:08:00:: | definition=the organ of sight | synonyms=oculus, optic
   - This is the physical organ. The context is describing the man's physical eyes - their appearance, clarity, brightness, intensity. This fits perfectly.

2. sense_key=eye%1:09:00:: | definition=good discernment (either visually or as if visually) | examples=she has an eye for fresh talent; he has an artist's eye
   - This is about discernment/judgment. The context isn't talking about the man's ability to discern things, but about his physical eyes.

3. sense_key=eye%1:09:01:: | definition=attention to what is seen | examples=he tried to catch her eye
   - This is about attention or gaze. While "catch her eye" is an idiom, here the text is describing the physical eyes themselves, not the act of getting someone's attention. The phrase "those eyes" refers back to the physical organs described earlier.

4. sense_key=eye%1:15:00:: | definition=an area that is approximately central within some larger region | synonyms=center, centre, middle, heart
   - This is like "eye of a storm" or center. Not relevant here.

5. sense_key=eye%1:06:00:: | definition=a small hole or loop (as in a needle)
   - Physical object but wrong meaning. Not relevant.

The context is clearly about the physical organs of sight. The antecedent is "the man's eyes were still clear" and "looked away from those eyes." The target "Eyes" is anaphoric, referring back to the physical eyes mentioned multiple times in the passage.

Therefore, sense 1 is the correct choice.

Wait, let me double-check if there's any possibility of sense 3 (attention to what is seen). "Looked away from those eyes" - could "eyes" here mean "gaze"? But the subsequent description "that were clear, but also bright with a strange intensity, a sort of cold fire burning behind them" clearly describes physical attributes of eyeballs, not a gaze or attention. "Clear" refers to not being bleary/tear-filled, "bright with intensity," "cold fire burning behind them" - these are all descriptions of the physical appearance of the eyes as organs.

So definitely sense 1.

The user wants the output as JSON: {"sense_index": 1}


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bright
Target surface form: bright
Context:
Haney peered doubtfully at his drinking companion through bleary, tear-filled eyes. He had no ready answer, as much from surprise as from the fit of coughing. Was the man drunk or crazy or both? But his new-found buddy had matched him drink for drink until he lost count, and the man's eyes were still clear. The guy is off his rocker, Haney thought to himself, and looked away from those eyes. Eyes that were clear, but also <t>bright</t> with a strange intensity, a sort of cold fire burning behind them. Why hadn't he noticed it before?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bright%3:00:00:: | definition=emitting or reflecting light readily or in large amounts | examples=the sun was bright and hot; a bright sunlit room
2. sense_key=bright%5:00:00:colorful:00 | definition=having striking color | synonyms=brilliant, vivid | examples=bright dress; brilliant tapestries
3. sense_key=bright%5:00:00:intelligent:00 | definition=characterized by quickness and ease in learning | synonyms=smart | examples=some children are brighter in one subject than another; smart children talk earlier than the average
4. sense_key=bright%5:00:00:light:06 | definition=having lots of light either natural or artificial | examples=the room was bright and airy; a stage bright with spotlights
5. sense_key=bright%5:00:00:polished:00 | definition=made smooth and bright by or as if by rubbing; reflecting a sheen or glow | synonyms=burnished, lustrous, shining, shiny | examples=bright silver candlesticks; a burnished brass knocker
6. sense_key=bright%5:00:00:glorious:00 | definition=splendid | examples=the bright stars of stage and screen; a bright moment in history
7. sense_key=bright%3:00:02:: | definition=not made dim or less bright | synonyms=undimmed | examples=undimmed headlights; surprisingly the curtain started to rise while the houselights were still undimmed
8. sense_key=bright%5:00:00:reverberant:00 | definition=clear and sharp and ringing | synonyms=brilliant | examples=the bright sound of the trumpet section; the brilliant sound of the trumpets
9. sense_key=bright%5:00:00:happy:00 | definition=characterized by happiness or gladness | examples=bright faces; all the world seems bright and gay
10. sense_key=bright%5:00:00:auspicious:00 | definition=full or promise | synonyms=hopeful, promising | examples=had a bright future in publishing; the scandal threatened an abrupt end to a promising political career

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "bright" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - Haney is looking at his drinking companion's eyes
 - The eyes are described as "clear" but also "bright with a strange intensity, a sort of cold fire burning behind them"
 - This suggests the eyes are shining, glowing, or emitting/reflected light in some way
 - The phrase "cold fire burning behind them" suggests a visual brightness, not intelligence, happiness, or color

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=bright%3:00:00:: | definition=emitting or reflecting light readily or in large amounts | examples=the sun was bright and hot; a bright sunlit room
    - This is the core sense of emitting/reflecting light. The eyes are described as having a "cold fire burning behind them" which suggests they are shining or glowing with intensity.

 2. sense_key=bright%5:00:00:colorful:00 | definition=having striking color | synonyms=brilliant, vivid | examples=bright dress; brilliant tapestries
    - This is about color, not applicable here. The context is about eyes with intensity/fire, not colorful clothing.

 3. sense_key=bright%5:00:00:intelligent:00 | definition=characterized by quickness and ease in learning | synonyms=smart | examples=some children are brighter in one subject than another; smart children talk earlier than the average
    - This is about intelligence. While "bright" can mean intelligent, the context describes physical eyes with "cold fire burning behind them" - this is a visual description, not about mental acuity.

 4. sense_key=bright%5:00:00:light:06 | definition=having lots of light either natural or artificial | examples=the room was bright and airy; a stage bright with spotlights
    - This is about environments/spaces having lots of light. The target is describing eyes, not a room or space.

 5. sense_key=bright%5:00:00:polished:00 | definition=made smooth and bright by or as if by rubbing; reflecting a sheen or glow | synonyms=burnished, lustrous, shining, shiny | examples=bright silver candlesticks; a burnished brass knocker
    - This is about polished surfaces. While eyes can be described as bright in a similar way, the specific context mentions "cold fire burning behind them" which suggests an inner light/intensity rather than a polished surface reflection. However, this is close.

 6. sense_key=bright%5:00:00:glorious:00 | definition=splendid | examples=the bright stars of stage and screen; a bright moment in history
    - This is metaphorical/splendid. Not quite right for describing eyes with a strange intensity.

 7. sense_key=bright%3:00:02:: | definition=not made dim or less bright | synonyms=undimmed | examples=undimmed headlights; surprisingly the curtain started to rise while the houselights were still undimmed
    - This is about not being dimmed. The context doesn't suggest the eyes were previously dim or that they are undimmed - it's describing their current state of having intensity.

 8. sense_key=bright%5:00:00:reverberant:00 | definition=clear and sharp and ringing | synonyms=brilliant | examples=the bright sound of the trumpet section; the brilliant sound of the trumpets
    - This is about sound, not vision. Not applicable.

 9. sense_key=bright%5:00:00:happy:00 | definition=characterized by happiness or gladness | examples=bright faces; all the world seems bright and gay
    - This is about happiness. The context describes "strange intensity" and "cold fire" - not happiness. In fact, the character thinks the guy is "off his rocker" or crazy.

 10. sense_key=bright%5:00:00:auspicious:00 | definition=full or promise | synonyms=hopeful, promising | examples=had a bright future in publishing; the scandal threatened an abrupt end to a promising political career
    - This is about promising futures. Not applicable to eyes in the moment.

 Now, between sense 1 and sense 5:
 - Sense 1: emitting or reflecting light readily or in large amounts
 - Sense 5: made smooth and bright by or as if by rubbing; reflecting a sheen or glow

 The description "bright with a strange intensity, a sort of cold fire burning behind them" strongly suggests the eyes are emitting or reflecting light (the fire metaphor). This aligns best with sense 1, which is the core sense of brightness as light emission/reflection.

 Sense 5 is more about polished surfaces (like metal, silver, brass). While eyes can be described as "bright" in the sense of shining, the "cold fire burning" metaphor suggests an active emission or strong reflection of light (intensity), which fits sense 1 better than the polished/sheen sense.

 Also, looking at the WordNet sense keys:
 - bright%3:00:00:: is the adjective sense for emitting/reflecting light
 - bright%5:00:00:polished:00 is a satellite adjective (indicated by the 5 in the first position) meaning polished/shiny

 The context emphasizes the eyes having a "strange intensity" and "cold fire burning behind them" - this is about the quality of light/emission, not about being polished smooth.

 Therefore, sense 1 (bright%3:00:00::) is the best choice.

 Wait, let me double-check the sense indices. The user asks for the "sense_index" which corresponds to the numbered list provided (1-10).

 So the answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}

 Let me verify once more:
 - The eyes are described as "clear, but also bright with a strange intensity"
 - "a sort of cold fire burning behind them"
 - This is clearly describing the visual appearance of the eyes as emitting or reflecting light with intensity
 - This matches sense 1: "emitting or reflecting light readily or in large amounts"
 - The examples for sense 1 include "the sun was bright and hot" - the sun emits light; "a bright sunlit room" - the room reflects light
 - The eyes here are like the sun - they have a fire/intensity behind them making them bright

 Yes, sense 1 is correct.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: DeepInfra

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: strange
Target surface form: strange
Context:
Haney peered doubtfully at his drinking companion through bleary, tear-filled eyes. He had no ready answer, as much from surprise as from the fit of coughing. Was the man drunk or crazy or both? But his new-found buddy had matched him drink for drink until he lost count, and the man's eyes were still clear. The guy is off his rocker, Haney thought to himself, and looked away from those eyes. Eyes that were clear, but also bright with a <t>strange</t> intensity, a sort of cold fire burning behind them. Why hadn't he noticed it before?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=strange%3:00:00:: | definition=being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird | synonyms=unusual | examples=a strange exaltation that was indefinable; a strange fantastical mind
2. sense_key=strange%5:00:01:unfamiliar:00 | definition=not known before | synonyms=unknown | examples=used many strange words; saw many strange faces in the crowd
3. sense_key=strange%3:00:01:: | definition=relating to or originating in or characteristic of another place or part of the world | synonyms=foreign | examples=foreign nations; a foreign accent

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "strange" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - Haney is looking at his drinking companion
 - The companion has eyes that are "clear, but also bright with a strange intensity, a sort of cold fire burning behind them"
 - Haney thinks the guy is "off his rocker" (crazy)
 - The intensity is described as unusual, odd, slightly weird - not typical or normal

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=strange%3:00:00:: | definition=being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird | synonyms=unusual | examples=a strange exaltation that was indefinable; a strange fantastical mind
    - This fits well. The "strange intensity" is out of the ordinary, slightly odd/weird. The example "a strange exaltation that was indefinable" is similar to "strange intensity" in describing an internal state that is unusual.

 2. sense_key=strange%5:00:01:unfamiliar:00 | definition=not known before | synonyms=unknown | examples=used many strange words; saw many strange faces in the crowd
    - This refers to unfamiliarity or novelty. The intensity isn't necessarily unfamiliar to Haney in the sense of "never seen before" - it's more that the quality of the intensity is odd, weird, unusual. The examples suggest encountering new/unknown things (words, faces), not describing a quality of something as odd.

 3. sense_key=strange%3:00:01:: | definition=relating to or originating in or characteristic of another place or part of the world | synonyms=foreign | examples=foreign nations; a foreign accent
    - This is about foreignness in terms of origin/place. The intensity isn't foreign in this sense - it's not from another country. This doesn't fit.

 The best fit is sense 1: "being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird"

 The context describes an intensity that is unusual, odd, slightly weird (associated with someone who might be crazy/off his rocker), not merely unfamiliar or foreign.

 The example "a strange exaltation that was indefinable" parallels "strange intensity" well - both describe internal emotional/mental states that are out of the ordinary and hard to define.

 Therefore, the answer should be sense_index: 1.

provider: Chutes


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: intensity
Target surface form: intensity
Context:
Haney peered doubtfully at his drinking companion through bleary, tear-filled eyes. He had no ready answer, as much from surprise as from the fit of coughing. Was the man drunk or crazy or both? But his new-found buddy had matched him drink for drink until he lost count, and the man's eyes were still clear. The guy is off his rocker, Haney thought to himself, and looked away from those eyes. Eyes that were clear, but also bright with a strange <t>intensity</t>, a sort of cold fire burning behind them. Why hadn't he noticed it before?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=intensity%1:07:03:: | definition=the amount of energy transmitted (as by acoustic or electromagnetic radiation) | synonyms=strength, intensity level | examples=he adjusted the intensity of the sound; they measured the station's signal strength
2. sense_key=intensity%1:07:00:: | definition=high level or degree; the property of being intense | synonyms=intensiveness
3. sense_key=intensity%1:07:02:: | definition=the magnitude of sound (usually in a specified direction) | synonyms=volume, loudness | examples=the kids played their music at full volume
4. sense_key=intensity%1:07:01:: | definition=chromatic purity: freedom from dilution with white and hence vivid in hue | synonyms=saturation, chroma, vividness

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "intensity" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The scene describes Haney looking at his drinking companion's eyes
 - The eyes are described as "clear, but also bright with a strange intensity"
 - It's described as "a sort of cold fire burning behind them"
 - This suggests a metaphorical usage describing the quality of the gaze or emotional state, not physical measurements like sound volume, light energy, or color saturation.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=intensity%1:07:03:: - "the amount of energy transmitted (as by acoustic or electromagnetic radiation)" - This is about physical energy transmission (physics context). The example mentions "intensity of the sound" and "signal strength". This doesn't fit the context of describing eyes/fire metaphorically.

 2. sense_key=intensity%1:07:00:: - "high level or degree; the property of being intense" - This is the general/abstract sense. Synonym is "intensiveness". This could apply to emotional intensity, intensity of gaze, etc. The description "cold fire burning behind them" suggests a high degree of emotional or psychological intensity.

 3. sense_key=intensity%1:07:02:: - "the magnitude of sound (usually in a specified direction)" - This is specifically about sound volume/loudness. The example mentions "music at full volume". Not applicable here.

 4. sense_key=intensity%1:07:01:: - "chromatic purity: freedom from dilution with white and hence vivid in hue" - This is about color saturation in optics/art. Not applicable to the metaphorical description of eyes having a strange intensity.

 The context describes a psychological/emotional intensity - the man's eyes have a strange intensity, described as a "cold fire burning behind them." This is clearly sense 2: "high level or degree; the property of being intense."

 The word is being used to describe the quality of the man's gaze or emotional state - a high degree of focus, emotion, or psychological power. This matches sense 2, which is the general sense of intensity as a property of being intense.

 Therefore, the answer should be sense_index 2 (or whatever corresponds to intensity%1:07:00::).

 Wait, let me check the indexing. The user lists:
 1. sense_key=intensity%1:07:03::
 2. sense_key=intensity%1:07:00::
 3. sense_key=intensity%1:07:02::
 4. sense_key=intensity%1:07:01::

 So:
 - Index 1: physical energy transmission
 - Index 2: high level or degree; property of being intense
 - Index 3: magnitude of sound (loudness)
 - Index 4: chromatic purity (color)

 The context describes "bright with a strange intensity" referring to eyes having a "cold fire burning behind them." This is metaphorical intensity - a high degree of emotion, focus, or psychological power. This matches sense 2.

 Actually, looking at WordNet, sense 1:07:00 is usually the first sense, but here it's listed as index 2. Let me verify the WordNet ordering for "intensity":

 In WordNet 3.0 or 3.1:
 - intensity, intensiveness (n) - high level or degree; the property of being intense (usually the first sense)
 - intensity, strength, intensity level (n) - the amount of energy transmitted...
 - intensity, loudness, volume (n) - the magnitude of sound...
 - saturation, chroma, intensity, vividness (n) - chromatic purity...

 But the user has provided specific indexing:
 1. sense_key=intensity%1:07:03:: (energy transmission)
 2. sense_key=intensity%1:07:00:: (high level or degree)
 3. sense_key=intensity%1:07:02:: (magnitude of sound)
 4. sense_key=intensity%1:07:01:: (chromatic purity)

 So the correct index is 2.

 The context describes the man's eyes having a strange intensity - this is clearly the abstract/general sense of "high level or degree; the property of being intense" (emotional/psychological intensity), not a physical measurement of energy, sound, or color.

 Therefore: {"sense_index": 2}

provider: ModelRun


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cold
Target surface form: cold
Context:
Haney peered doubtfully at his drinking companion through bleary, tear-filled eyes. He had no ready answer, as much from surprise as from the fit of coughing. Was the man drunk or crazy or both? But his new-found buddy had matched him drink for drink until he lost count, and the man's eyes were still clear. The guy is off his rocker, Haney thought to himself, and looked away from those eyes. Eyes that were clear, but also bright with a strange intensity, a sort of <t>cold</t> fire burning behind them. Why hadn't he noticed it before?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cold%3:00:01:: | definition=having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration | examples=a cold climate; a cold room
2. sense_key=cold%3:00:02:: | definition=extended meanings; especially of psychological coldness; without human warmth or emotion | examples=a cold unfriendly nod; a cold and unaffectionate person
3. sense_key=cold%5:00:00:stale:00 | definition=having lost freshness through passage of time | examples=a cold trail; dogs attempting to catch a cold scent
4. sense_key=cold%5:00:00:cool:03 | definition=(color) giving no sensation of warmth | examples=a cold bluish grey
5. sense_key=cold%5:00:00:perfect:00 | definition=marked by errorless familiarity | examples=had her lines cold before rehearsals started
6. sense_key=cold%5:00:00:unoriginal:00 | definition=lacking originality or spontaneity; no longer new | synonyms=stale, dusty, moth-eaten | examples=moth-eaten theories about race; stale news
7. sense_key=cold%5:00:00:intense:00 | definition=so intense as to be almost uncontrollable | examples=cold fury gripped him
8. sense_key=cold%5:00:00:unloving:00 | definition=sexually unresponsive | synonyms=frigid | examples=was cold to his advances; a frigid woman
9. sense_key=cold%5:00:00:inhumane:00 | definition=without compunction or human feeling | synonyms=cold-blooded, inhuman, insensate | examples=in cold blood; cold-blooded killing
10. sense_key=cold%5:00:00:unenthusiastic:00 | definition=feeling or showing no enthusiasm | examples=a cold audience; a cold response to the new play
11. sense_key=cold%5:00:00:unconscious:00 | definition=unconscious from a blow or shock or intoxication | examples=the boxer was out cold; pass out cold
12. sense_key=cold%5:00:00:far:00 | definition=of a seeker; far from the object sought
13. sense_key=cold%5:00:00:dead:01 | definition=lacking the warmth of life | examples=cold in his grave

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "cold" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The passage describes a man with eyes that are "clear, but also bright with a strange intensity"
 - The specific phrase is "a sort of cold fire burning behind them"
 - This describes a psychological state - there's a "cold fire" which seems paradoxical (fire is hot, but this is cold)
 - The man is described as potentially "drunk or crazy or both" but his eyes are clear
 - The "cold fire" suggests an intense, perhaps menacing or unemotional intensity
 - It's describing a psychological quality - lack of human warmth, emotional coldness, but with intensity

 Looking at the candidate senses:

 1. cold%3:00:01:: - physical temperature (low temperature). Not applicable here since it's describing a psychological quality ("fire burning behind them" metaphorically).

 2. cold%3:00:02:: - "extended meanings; especially of psychological coldness; without human warmth or emotion". Examples: "a cold unfriendly nod; a cold and unaffectionate person". This seems relevant - it's about psychological coldness.

 3. cold%5:00:00:stale:00 - lost freshness (cold trail). Not relevant.

 4. cold%5:00:00:cool:03 - color giving no warmth. Not relevant.

 5. cold%5:00:00:perfect:00 - errorless familiarity. Not relevant.

 6. cold%5:00:00:unoriginal:00 - lacking originality. Not relevant.

 7. cold%5:00:00:intense:00 - "so intense as to be almost uncontrollable". Examples: "cold fury gripped him". This is interesting - "cold fire" could relate to intense emotion that is controlled or intense in a cold way.

 8. cold%5:00:00:unloving:00 - sexually unresponsive. Not relevant.

 9. cold%5:00:00:inhumane:00 - without compunction or human feeling. Examples: "in cold blood; cold-blooded killing". This is also relevant - it suggests lack of human warmth/feeling.

 10. cold%5:00:00:unenthusiastic:00 - showing no enthusiasm. Not quite right - the eyes are "bright with strange intensity", not lacking enthusiasm.

 11. cold%5:00:00:unconscious:00 - unconscious. Not relevant.

 12. cold%5:00:00:far:00 - far from object sought. Not relevant.

 13. cold%5:00:00:dead:01 - lacking warmth of life. Not relevant (he's alive).

 Now deciding between sense 2, 7, and 9:

 Sense 2: "psychological coldness; without human warmth or emotion" - this fits the general idea of "cold" describing a person's demeanor or eyes.

 Sense 7: "so intense as to be almost uncontrollable" - the example "cold fury" is similar to "cold fire". The phrase "cold fire" suggests intense emotion that is somehow controlled or intense without warmth.

 Sense 9: "without compunction or human feeling" - this is stronger, suggesting cruelty or lack of empathy.

 The context: "bright with a strange intensity, a sort of cold fire burning behind them"

 The phrase "cold fire" is an oxymoron. Fire is hot, but this fire is cold. This suggests intensity without warmth - perhaps calculating, menacing, or emotionally detached intensity.

 Sense 7 specifically mentions "cold fury" as an example, and "cold fire" is similar - intense but cold. The definition says "so intense as to be almost uncontrollable."

 However, sense 2 is about "psychological coldness; without human warmth or emotion" which also fits.

 Let me look more carefully at the WordNet sense keys and definitions:

 Sense 2: cold%3:00:02:: - "extended meanings; especially of psychological coldness; without human warmth or emotion"
 Sense 7: cold%5:00:00:intense:00 - "so intense as to be almost uncontrollable"

 The phrase "cold fire" is metaphorical. The eyes have a "strange intensity" and there's a "cold fire burning behind them."

 In literature, "cold fire" often refers to intense emotion (like anger, determination, or madness) that is detached or lacks normal human warmth.

 Between sense 2 and sense 7:
 - Sense 2 emphasizes lack of warmth/emotion
 - Sense 7 emphasizes intensity that is almost uncontrollable

 The context emphasizes "intensity" - "bright with a strange intensity, a sort of cold fire". The word "intensity" appears right before the target word. This strongly suggests sense 7, which is defined as "so intense as to be almost uncontrollable."

 Also, the example for sense 7 is "cold fury gripped him" - "cold fury" is very similar to "cold fire" in construction and meaning.

 Sense 2 examples are "a cold unfriendly nod; a cold and unaffectionate person" - these suggest lack of emotion, whereas the text suggests intense emotion (fire, burning) that is cold.

 Therefore, sense 7 seems best.

 Wait, let me double-check the sense indices. The user lists them as 1-13. Sense 7 is:
 7. sense_key=cold%5:00:00:intense:00 | definition=so intense as to be almost uncontrollable | examples=cold fury gripped him

 Yes, that matches.

 Actually, looking at WordNet structure, sense 2 (cold%3:00:02::) is the main "psychological coldness" sense, while sense 7 is a specific usage under "intense".

 But given the specific collocation "cold fire" and the mention of "intensity" in the context, sense 7 is the most precise fit.

 However, I should verify if "cold fire" is more commonly associated with psychological coldness (sense 2) or intense coldness (sense 7).

 "Cold fire" can mean:
 1. Fire that is cold (oxymoron) - intense but without warmth
 2. A fire that burns cold (like phosphorescence) - but that's literal
 3. Intense emotion that is controlled or detached

 In the context: "bright with a strange intensity, a sort of cold fire burning behind them"

 This describes eyes that are intense but the fire is cold. This suggests the intensity is not warm/friendly but rather intense in a chilling way.

 Sense 7: "so intense as to be almost uncontrollable" - this captures the intensity aspect.
 Sense 2: "without human warmth or emotion" - this captures the coldness aspect.

 But the phrase "cold fire" specifically modifies "fire" with "cold", suggesting the fire (intensity/passion) is characterized by coldness. The definition in sense 7 explicitly mentions intensity, and the example "cold fury" parallels "cold fire" closely.

 Also, looking at the WordNet hierarchy:
 - Sense 2 is adjective sense 3:00:02 (psychological)
 - Sense 7 is adjective sense 5:00:00:intense:00 (satellite adjective linked to intense)

 Given the explicit mention of "intensity" in the context ("bright with a strange intensity"), sense 7 is the best match.

 Final check: Is there any other sense that could fit?
 Sense 9 (inhumane): "without compunction or human feeling" - this could work if the character is portrayed as cruel, but the context emphasizes the strange intensity and the fire metaphor more than lack of humanity/compunction.

 Sense 7 is the best choice.

provider: Phala


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: fire
Target surface form: fire
Context:
Haney peered doubtfully at his drinking companion through bleary, tear-filled eyes. He had no ready answer, as much from surprise as from the fit of coughing. Was the man drunk or crazy or both? But his new-found buddy had matched him drink for drink until he lost count, and the man's eyes were still clear. The guy is off his rocker, Haney thought to himself, and looked away from those eyes. Eyes that were clear, but also bright with a strange intensity, a sort of cold <t>fire</t> burning behind them. Why hadn't he noticed it before?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=fire%1:11:00:: | definition=the event of something burning (often destructive) | examples=they lost everything in the fire
2. sense_key=fire%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of firing weapons or artillery at an enemy | synonyms=firing | examples=hold your fire until you can see the whites of their eyes; they retreated in the face of withering enemy fire
3. sense_key=fire%1:22:00:: | definition=the process of combustion of inflammable materials producing heat and light and (often) smoke | synonyms=flame, flaming | examples=fire was one of our ancestors' first discoveries
4. sense_key=fire%1:06:00:: | definition=a fireplace in which a relatively small fire is burning | examples=they sat by the fire and talked
5. sense_key=fire%1:27:01:: | definition=once thought to be one of four elements composing the universe (Empedocles)
6. sense_key=fire%1:12:00:: | definition=feelings of great warmth and intensity | synonyms=ardor, ardour, fervor, fervour, fervency, fervidness | examples=he spoke with great ardor
7. sense_key=fire%1:27:00:: | definition=fuel that is burning and is used as a means for cooking | examples=put the kettle on the fire; barbecue over an open fire
8. sense_key=fire%1:11:01:: | definition=a severe trial | examples=he went through fire and damnation
9. sense_key=fire%1:10:00:: | definition=intense adverse criticism | synonyms=attack, flak, flack, blast | examples=Clinton directed his fire at the Republican Party; the government has come under attack

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "fire" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The sentence describes eyes that are "clear, but also bright with a strange intensity, a sort of cold fire burning behind them"
 - This is metaphorical language describing an intense look or emotion in someone's eyes
 - It's not literal fire (combustion, burning materials)
 - It's describing a quality of intensity, passion, or fervor

 Looking at the candidate senses:
 1. fire%1:11:00:: - event of something burning (destructive) - too literal, not this
 2. fire%1:04:00:: - act of firing weapons - not relevant
 3. fire%1:22:00:: - process of combustion - too literal
 4. fire%1:06:00:: - fireplace - too literal
 5. fire%1:27:01:: - element (Empedocles) - philosophical/alchemical concept, not quite right for describing eyes
 6. fire%1:12:00:: - feelings of great warmth and intensity - synonyms: ardor, ardour, fervor, fervour, fervency, fervidness - This fits! "cold fire" is an oxymoron describing intense emotion/passion that is controlled or cold but still burning with intensity
 7. fire%1:27:00:: - fuel for cooking - too literal
 8. fire%1:11:01:: - severe trial - "fire and damnation" - not this context
 9. fire%1:10:00:: - intense adverse criticism - attack/flak - not this

 Sense 6 seems best: "feelings of great warmth and intensity" with synonyms like ardor, fervor. The phrase "cold fire" is a metaphor for intense emotion or passion that is controlled or calculating but still burning with intensity behind the eyes.

 The context describes eyes with "strange intensity" and "cold fire burning behind them" - this maps to the figurative sense of fire as intense feeling/passion.

 So the answer should be sense_index 6.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: burn
Target surface form: burning
Context:
Haney peered doubtfully at his drinking companion through bleary, tear-filled eyes. He had no ready answer, as much from surprise as from the fit of coughing. Was the man drunk or crazy or both? But his new-found buddy had matched him drink for drink until he lost count, and the man's eyes were still clear. The guy is off his rocker, Haney thought to himself, and looked away from those eyes. Eyes that were clear, but also bright with a strange intensity, a sort of cold fire <t>burning</t> behind them. Why hadn't he noticed it before?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=burn%2:30:02:: | definition=destroy by fire | synonyms=fire, burn down | examples=They burned the house and his diaries
2. sense_key=burn%2:43:01:: | definition=shine intensely, as if with heat | synonyms=glow | examples=The coals were glowing in the dark; The candles were burning
3. sense_key=burn%2:30:00:: | definition=undergo combustion | synonyms=combust | examples=Maple wood burns well
4. sense_key=burn%2:39:00:: | definition=cause a sharp or stinging pain or discomfort | synonyms=bite, sting | examples=The sun burned his face
5. sense_key=burn%2:43:02:: | definition=cause to burn or combust | synonyms=combust | examples=The sun burned off the fog; We combust coal and other fossil fuels
6. sense_key=burn%2:37:00:: | definition=feel strong emotion, especially anger or passion | examples=She was burning with anger; He was burning to try out his new skies
7. sense_key=burn%2:30:01:: | definition=cause to undergo combustion | synonyms=incinerate | examples=burn garbage; The car burns only Diesel oil
8. sense_key=burn%2:41:00:: | definition=burn at the stake | examples=Witches were burned in Salem
9. sense_key=burn%2:40:01:: | definition=spend (significant amounts of money) | examples=He has money to burn
10. sense_key=burn%2:39:04:: | definition=feel hot or painful | examples=My eyes are burning
11. sense_key=burn%2:30:08:: | definition=burn, sear, or freeze (tissue) using a hot iron or electric current or a caustic agent | synonyms=cauterize, cauterise | examples=The surgeon cauterized the wart
12. sense_key=burn%2:29:00:: | definition=get a sunburn by overexposure to the sun | synonyms=sunburn
13. sense_key=burn%2:36:05:: | definition=create by duplicating data | synonyms=cut | examples=cut a disk; burn a CD
14. sense_key=burn%2:34:00:: | definition=use up (energy) | synonyms=burn off, burn up | examples=burn off calories through vigorous exercise
15. sense_key=burn%2:30:03:: | definition=burn with heat, fire, or radiation | examples=The iron burnt a hole in my dress

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the target word "burning" in the provided context. The target lemma is "burn".

Let me analyze the context:
- Haney is looking at someone's eyes
- The eyes are described as "clear, but also bright with a strange intensity"
- There's mention of "a sort of cold fire burning behind them"
- This is metaphorical language describing eyes/intensity/emotion

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. burn%2:30:02:: - destroy by fire (physical destruction)
2. burn%2:43:01:: - shine intensely, as if with heat (like coals or candles glowing)
3. burn%2:30:00:: - undergo combustion (like wood burning)
4. burn%2:39:00:: - cause sharp/stinging pain (physical sensation)
5. burn%2:43:02:: - cause to burn or combust (transitive)
6. burn%2:37:00:: - feel strong emotion, especially anger or passion ("She was burning with anger")
7. burn%2:30:01:: - cause to undergo combustion
8. burn%2:41:00:: - burn at the stake
9. burn%2:40:01:: - spend money
10. burn%2:39:04:: - feel hot or painful ("My eyes are burning")
11. burn%2:30:08:: - cauterize
12. burn%2:29:00:: - get a sunburn
13. burn%2:36:05:: - create by duplicating data
14. burn%2:34:00:: - use up energy
15. burn%2:30:03:: - burn with heat/fire/radiation

The context describes "a sort of cold fire burning behind them" referring to the eyes. This is metaphorical. The eyes are described as having a "strange intensity" and being "bright".

However, looking closely at sense 2: "shine intensely, as if with heat" with synonyms "glow" and examples like "The coals were glowing in the dark; The candles were burning" - this describes the physical act of emitting light/heat.

But sense 6 is "feel strong emotion, especially anger or passion" with examples "She was burning with anger; He was burning to try out his new skies".

Wait, let me look at the context again: "a sort of cold fire burning behind them" - this refers to the eyes having an intense look, an inner fire. This is metaphorical for intense emotion or passion.

But actually, looking at the sentence structure: "a sort of cold fire burning behind them" - here "burning" is describing the fire. It's "cold fire burning" - so it's describing the fire as burning.

Wait, is it "cold fire [that is] burning" or is "burning" describing the state of the eyes?

The phrase is: "a sort of cold fire burning behind them" where "them" refers to the eyes. So there's a fire burning behind the eyes. This could be:
1. Literal fire? No, metaphorical.
2. Sense 2: shine intensely, as if with heat
3. Sense 6: feel strong emotion

But sense 2 is about physical shining/glowing (like coals, candles). The example "The candles were burning" supports this.

Sense 6 is about feeling emotion: "burning with anger".

In this context, the description is metaphorical - the eyes show intense emotion/passion, described as a "cold fire burning". However, the word "burning" here is describing the "fire" (a cold fire that is burning).

Actually, looking at the syntax: "a sort of cold fire burning behind them" - "burning" is a participle modifying "fire", or it's part of a participial phrase. It describes the fire as being active/alight.

But the question is about the sense of "burning" in this context. Is it:
- Physical combustion/shining (sense 2)?
- Emotional intensity (sense 6)?

The phrase "cold fire" is an oxymoron - fire that's cold. This suggests it's metaphorical. The description is about the man's eyes having an intense, strange brightness.

But looking at the examples for sense 2: "The coals were glowing in the dark; The candles were burning" - this is about emitting light.

For sense 6: "She was burning with anger" - this is about emotional state.

The context describes the man's eyes as having "a strange intensity" and "cold fire burning behind them". This suggests the man is feeling intense emotion (maybe crazy as Haney wonders).

However, I need to be careful. The word "burning" is describing "fire" here. "A cold fire burning" = a cold fire that is burning/active.

But in the metaphorical sense, "fire" here represents passion/intensity, and "burning" would be the state of that passion.

Wait, looking at sense 2 again: "shine intensely, as if with heat". The examples include "The candles were burning". This seems to fit the literal description of fire burning.

But in the text, it's metaphorical fire - the fire of passion/intensity in the eyes.

Actually, looking at sense 6: "feel strong emotion, especially anger or passion". This requires the subject to be a person feeling the emotion. Here, the fire is burning, not the person. Or rather, the fire behind the eyes is burning.

But consider: "a cold fire burning behind them [the eyes]". This is like saying there was a fire burning behind his eyes. This describes an inner fire, which metaphorically represents strong emotion.

However, looking at WordNet sense 2:31:00 or similar might be the emotional one.

Wait, looking at the candidate list again, sense 6 is: burn%2:37:00:: - feel strong emotion, especially anger or passion - examples: "She was burning with anger; He was burning to try out his new skies"

This is intransitive with the emotion as the thing burning inside, or with "burn" taking "with" + emotion.

In our text: "a sort of cold fire burning behind them" - the grammar is different. It's "fire burning", not "he is burning with anger".

So is it sense 2? "shine intensely, as if with heat" - could a metaphorical fire "burn" in the sense of shining intensely?

Or is there a sense I'm missing?

Let me look at sense 15: "burn with heat, fire, or radiation" - this is transitive or intransitive? The example is "The iron burnt a hole in my dress" (transitive). But the gloss says "burn with heat..." which could be intransitive.

Actually, looking at sense 3: "undergo combustion" - "Maple wood burns well"

Sense 2 seems to be specifically about emitting light/heat: "shine intensely, as if with heat"

In the context of "cold fire burning", if it's metaphorical fire representing emotion, then "burning" describes the intensity of that emotion.

But I think the key is that this is describing the appearance of the eyes - they have a bright intensity. The phrase "cold fire burning" is metaphorical for an intense gaze or inner intensity.

However, looking at similar usage in WordNet, sense 2 "shine intensely, as if with heat" with synonyms "glow" seems appropriate for describing eyes metaphorically as having a fire that shines/burns.

But let's look at sense 6 again. While the example shows "burning with anger", the gloss is "feel strong emotion". In our text, the man is the one with the fire burning behind his eyes. The fire represents his emotional state.

Actually, looking at the sentence: "a sort of cold fire burning behind them". The subject of burning is "fire". So it's the fire that is burning.

Is it possible that "burning" here is used in the sense of "undergoing combustion" (sense 3) or "shining intensely" (sense 2)?

Given that it's described as "cold fire" (oxymoron), and "bright with a strange intensity", the metaphor is about the eyes glowing/shining with an inner light (the fire).

But in many literary contexts, "fire burning in one's eyes" uses "burning" in the sense of intense emotion (sense 6).

Let me reconsider the indexing. The user says "burn%2:37:00::" is sense 6, which is emotional.

The question is: is "a cold fire burning behind them" describing:
1. Actual light/heat emission (metaphorical fire doing what real fire does - shine/burn) - sense 2
2. The person feeling emotion (where "fire" is the emotion) - sense 6

In "She was burning with anger", 'burning' is the verb and 'she' is the subject feeling the emotion.

In "fire burning behind the eyes", 'fire' is the subject, and it's the fire that is burning.

So grammatically, it's not sense 6.

Could it be sense 2? "The candles were burning" - emitting light. "A fire burning" - emitting light. Even if metaphorical, the sense would be shine intensely.

Could it be sense 10? "feel hot or painful" - "My eyes are burning" - this is about physical sensation of the eyes.

But here it's "a cold fire burning behind them" - so the fire is behind the eyes, not the eyes burning.

I think the best fit is sense 2: shine intensely, as if with heat. The metaphorical fire is shining/glowing with an intense brightness behind the eyes.

Wait, but let me check if there's a sense about emotion that fits better. Sometimes "burn" with emotion can be used as "a burning passion" (adjectival) or "burning with passion".

But here it's "fire burning" - the fire is the passion, and it's burning.

Actually, looking at the list, sense 6 is the only one about emotion. The others are physical.

Given the context describes the eyes as having a strange intensity and brightness, and mentions "cold fire", this is likely describing the visual appearance - the eyes appear to have an intense, burning (glowing) quality.

So sense 2: shine intensely, as if with heat.

But I want to double-check sense 37:00. The examples show emotional usage.

Is there any other sense that could apply?

Sense 43:01 is "shine intensely, as if with heat" - index 2.

Sense 37:00 is "feel strong emotion" - index 6.

Given the construction "fire burning", and that fire literally shines/burns, and metaphorically this represents intense emotion visible in the eyes, I think sense 2 is the most semantically appropriate for the word "burning" describing the fire, even if the fire itself is a metaphor for emotion.

The metaphorical mapping is: intensity of emotion → fire → burning (shining). The word burning keeps its literal sense of shining/glowing even when applied to the metaphorical fire.

Therefore, the answer should be sense_index: 2.

But wait, I should also consider if "burning" could be interpreted as the person metaphorically burning with emotion, where "cold fire" is the instrument or manner.

"a sort of cold fire burning behind them" - this is clearly "fire" as the subject of "burning".

So sense 2.

Actually, looking at the candidate list order:
1. destroy by fire
2. shine intensely, as if with heat
3. undergo combustion
4. cause pain
5. cause to burn
6. feel strong emotion
7. cause to undergo combustion
8. burn at stake
9. spend money
10. feel hot or painful
11. cauterize
12. sunburn
13. duplicate data
14. use up energy
15. burn with heat/fire/radiation

Index 2 is "shine intensely, as if with heat".

I think that's the correct choice.

But let me reconsider the "cold fire" aspect. Fire that burns but is cold? This is paradoxical. It suggests the intensity without heat - a metaphorical burning.

Still, the sense of "burning" as "shining intensely" fits best with eyes/brightness.

Alternative: Could it be sense 6 (feel strong emotion) where "burning" is understood as the person's emotional state manifesting as fire?

No, because grammatically "fire" is the subject.

Unless we're to interpret "a sort of cold fire [that was] burning behind them" where the fire represents the emotion, but "burning" itself is being done by the fire.

I think sense 2 is correct.

Wait, looking at the user's instruction: "Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense."

And looking at the example format: {"sense_index": 3}

The senses are numbered 1-15 in the list provided.

So if I choose sense 2, I should return {"sense_index": 2}

Let me reconsider if sense 6 could be correct.

In "She was burning with anger", the emotion is anger.

In our text: "a sort of cold fire burning behind them"

If we paraphrase: He had a cold fire burning within him (behind his eyes).

This is similar to "He was burning with passion" but transformed into a noun phrase "a burning fire" or "a fire burning".

Actually, "burning" here could be a present participle describing the fire. The fire is burning - undergoing combustion or shining.

I think the safest choice is sense 2, as it describes the physical manifestation (shining/glowing) which is being used metaphorically.

But I want to check if WordNet usually tags metaphorical uses of "burn" for emotion as sense 6 even when part of a noun phrase like "the burning fire of his passion" or "with a burning intensity".

Actually, looking at the gloss for sense 6: "feel strong emotion, especially anger or passion" - this is specifically about the subject feeling the emotion.

In "a fire burning", the fire is not feeling emotion (unless personified, but here the fire represents the emotion, it doesn't feel it).

So sense 2 is definitely the correct syntactic and semantic choice.

One more check: could it be sense 10? "feel hot or painful" - "My eyes are burning". But the text says the fire is burning behind the eyes, not the eyes are burning.

So no.

Could it be sense 39:04? That's sense 10 in the list (index 10).

Could it be sense 43:02? "cause to burn" - transitive, doesn't fit.

Therefore, sense 2 is the answer.

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: notice
Target surface form: noticed
Context:
He had no ready answer, as much from surprise as from the fit of coughing. Was the man drunk or crazy or both? But his new-found buddy had matched him drink for drink until he lost count, and the man's eyes were still clear. The guy is off his rocker, Haney thought to himself, and looked away from those eyes. Eyes that were clear, but also bright with a strange intensity, a sort of cold fire burning behind them. Why hadn't he <t>noticed</t> it before? No, the man was not drunk

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=notice%2:39:04:: | definition=discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of | synonyms=detect, observe, find, discover | examples=She detected high levels of lead in her drinking water; We found traces of lead in the paint
2. sense_key=notice%2:39:00:: | definition=notice or perceive | synonyms=mark, note | examples=She noted that someone was following her; mark my words
3. sense_key=notice%2:32:00:: | definition=make or write a comment on | synonyms=comment, remark, point out | examples=he commented the paper of his colleague
4. sense_key=notice%2:32:01:: | definition=express recognition of the presence or existence of, or acquaintance with | synonyms=acknowledge | examples=He never acknowledges his colleagues when they run into him in the hallway; She acknowledged his complement with a smile

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "noticed" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The narrator is describing a situation where he is observing a man
 - He describes the man's eyes as "clear, but also bright with a strange intensity, a sort of cold fire burning behind them"
 - Then he asks: "Why hadn't he noticed it before?"
 - "It" refers to the strange intensity/cold fire in the man's eyes
 - This is about perceiving or becoming aware of something that was there but not previously observed

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=notice%2:39:04:: | definition=discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of | synonyms=detect, observe, find, discover
    - This sense is about discovering or detecting something, often through investigation or careful observation
    - Examples: "She detected high levels of lead", "We found traces of lead"
    - This seems to fit - he is discovering/detecting the strange intensity in the man's eyes that he hadn't seen before

 2. sense_key=notice%2:39:00:: | definition=notice or perceive | synonyms=mark, note
    - This is about perceiving or becoming aware of something
    - Examples: "She noted that someone was following her", "mark my words"
    - This also seems like it could fit - he perceives the intensity in the eyes

 3. sense_key=notice%2:32:00:: | definition=make or write a comment on | synonyms=comment, remark, point out
    - This is about verbal commentary
    - The context doesn't involve him making a comment, just observing/thinking
    - Doesn't fit

 4. sense_key=notice%2:32:01:: | definition=express recognition of the presence or existence of, or acquaintance with | synonyms=acknowledge
    - This is about acknowledging someone socially
    - Examples: acknowledging colleagues in the hallway
    - Doesn't fit - he's not acknowledging the man socially, he's observing a characteristic

 Now between sense 1 and sense 2:

 Sense 1 (notice%2:39:04::) emphasizes "discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of" - this is about detecting something that exists objectively, often something hidden or not immediately obvious. The synonyms are detect, observe, find, discover.

 Sense 2 (notice%2:39:00::) emphasizes "notice or perceive" - this is about the act of perception itself. The synonyms are mark, note.

 In the context: "Why hadn't he noticed it before?" - "It" refers to the "cold fire" or "strange intensity" in the man's eyes. This is something that was physically present but he hadn't perceived until now.

 The key distinction:
 - Sense 1 (detect/discover) is often used when you find something that exists but wasn't apparent before, or when you determine the presence of something through observation.
 - Sense 2 (perceive/mark) is more general perception.

 Looking at the examples:
 - Sense 1 examples: "She detected high levels of lead", "We found traces of lead" - these are about discovering/detecting the presence of something
 - Sense 2 examples: "She noted that someone was following her", "mark my words" - these are about observing or paying attention to something

 In this context, the narrator is realizing something about the man's eyes that was always there but he hadn't detected/perceived before. The phrase "Why hadn't he noticed it before?" suggests a failure to detect or observe something that was present.

 However, looking more carefully at WordNet's organization:
 - Sense 2:39:00 is typically the more general "perceive" sense
 - Sense 2:39:04 is the "detect/discover" sense

 But wait, let me reconsider the exact wording. The context is about seeing the "cold fire" in the man's eyes. This is a perception - he sees it now, he didn't see it before.

 Actually, looking at the glosses again:
 - Sense 1: "discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of" - this is like detecting, finding out
 - Sense 2: "notice or perceive" - this is the basic perceptual sense

 The phrase "Why hadn't he noticed it before?" is about perceiving something visually/observationally. He is looking at the man's eyes and now sees the intensity that was there all along.

 But sense 1 also fits because he's determining the existence/presence of this "cold fire."

 Let me think about the subtle difference. In WordNet:
 - notice%2:39:00:: is the general sense of perceiving with the senses
 - notice%2:39:04:: is more specific to discovering or detecting, often implying something that requires attention or investigation to find

 In this literary context, the narrator is having a realization - he sees something in the man's eyes (the "cold fire") that he hadn't perceived before. This is a perceptual noticing.

 However, looking at the examples for sense 1: "She detected high levels of lead", "We found traces of lead" - these are about discovering specific things through analysis or search.

 The examples for sense 2: "She noted that someone was following her", "mark my words" - these are about observing or paying attention to something.

 Actually, "mark my words" is an idiom meaning "pay attention to what I'm saying," so sense 2 includes the idea of paying attention or observing.

 In the sentence "Why hadn't he noticed it before?", the "it" refers to the intensity in the eyes. This is about perceiving/observing a visual characteristic.

 But I need to be careful. Let me look at the actual WordNet sense distinctions for "notice":

 Typically:
 - notice.v.01: discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of (detect, observe, find, discover)
 - notice.v.02: notice or perceive (mark, note)
 - notice.v.03: make or write a comment on (comment, remark, point out)
 - notice.v.04: express recognition of (acknowledge)

 Wait, the sense keys given are:
 1. notice%2:39:04::
 2. notice%2:39:00::
 3. notice%2:32:00::
 4. notice%2:32:01::

 In WordNet, the format is lemma%pos:lex_filenum:lex_id:head_word:head_id

 So:
 - notice%2:39:04:: = verb, file 39 (perception), lex_id 04
 - notice%2:39:00:: = verb, file 39 (perception), lex_id 00

 Usually, lex_id 00 is the first sense. But I need to determine which is which based on the definitions provided.

 The user provides:
 1. definition=discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of | synonyms=detect, observe, find, discover
 2. definition=notice or perceive | synonyms=mark, note

 Sense 1 (discover/detect) is about finding out that something exists or is present.
 Sense 2 (notice/perceive) is about the act of perception.

 In the context: "Why hadn't he noticed it before?" - this is asking why he hadn't perceived the strange intensity in the man's eyes before now.

 But "discover or determine the existence" also fits because he's realizing that this characteristic exists in the man's eyes.

 However, looking at the flow:
 - He looks at the man's eyes
 - He sees they are clear but also bright with strange intensity
 - He thinks "Why hadn't he noticed it before?"

 This is about perceiving a visual characteristic. It's a straightforward perceptual noticing.

 But wait - the synonyms for sense 1 include "observe" and "detect". The synonyms for sense 2 include "mark" and "note".

 "Mark" in this context means "notice" or "observe" (as in "mark my words" = pay attention to my words).

 Actually, looking at standard WordNet:
 - notice.v.1: discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of
 - notice.v.2: notice or perceive

 The first sense is often used for detecting things that are not obvious, like detecting a smell, detecting a signal, finding traces, etc.
 The second sense is for simply perceiving something, becoming aware of it through the senses.

 In this case, the narrator sees the "cold fire" in the man's eyes. This is a visual perception. He hadn't noticed (perceived) it before.

 However, there's a subtlety: the "cold fire" is a metaphorical description of the intensity in the eyes. The narrator is detecting this quality.

 But I think sense 2 (notice or perceive) is the better fit because:
 1. It's about perceiving a visual characteristic (the intensity in the eyes)
 2. The question "Why hadn't he noticed it before?" is about failing to perceive something that was visible
 3. Sense 1 is more about discovering/detecting through investigation or analysis (like detecting lead in water, finding traces)

 Wait, but sense 1's synonyms include "observe" which is very close to what's happening here. He is observing the man's eyes.

 Let me reconsider the examples:
 Sense 1 examples: "She detected high levels of lead in her drinking water; We found traces of lead in the paint"
 - These involve analysis, testing, or careful examination to find something not obvious

 Sense 2 examples: "She noted that someone was following her; mark my words"
 - These involve perceiving or paying attention to something

 In the story context, the narrator is looking at the man's eyes and sees the intensity. He hadn't perceived it before. This is a failure of perception or attention, not a failure of detection/analysis.

 Therefore, sense 2 (notice%2:39:00::) seems more appropriate.

 But let me double-check. The phrase "Why hadn't he noticed it before?" suggests he is now seeing something that was always there. This is classic "notice" as in "perceive" or "become aware of."

 Actually, looking at the definition of sense 1 again: "discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of"
 - This could fit: he is determining the existence of the "cold fire" in the man's eyes

 But sense 2: "notice or perceive"
 - This also fits: he perceives the intensity

 Which is better?

 In WordNet, sense 1 (discover/detect) is often used when the object is something that requires discovery or determination, like a fact, presence, or existence of something not immediately obvious.
 Sense 2 is for direct perception.

 The "cold fire" is a metaphorical description of the look in the man's eyes. The narrator sees this look. He perceives it.

 I think sense 2 is correct.

 But wait, I should look at the actual WordNet entries to be sure. Since I can't browse the internet, I need to rely on the definitions and examples provided.

 Sense 1: discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of
 - This is about finding out that something exists or is true
 - Examples: detecting lead, finding traces

 Sense 2: notice or perceive
 - This is about the sensory/cognitive act of noticing
 - Examples: noting that someone was following, mark my words

 In the context, he is perceiving the strange intensity in the man's eyes. This is a perceptual act.

 However, there's another consideration: the phrase "Why hadn't he noticed it before?" implies he is now aware of something he wasn't aware of before. Both senses cover this.

 But looking at the synonym "mark" - "mark" means to notice or pay attention to. "Note" means to notice or observe.

 For sense 1, the synonyms are detect, observe, find, discover. "Observe" could fit here.

 Actually, I think I need to look at this more carefully. In many WSD datasets, "notice" in the sense of "Why didn't I notice that before?" (referring to seeing something) is often sense 2 (the general perception sense).

 But let me think about the specific context again. The narrator is describing the man's eyes: "Eyes that were clear, but also bright with a strange intensity, a sort of cold fire burning behind them. Why hadn't he noticed it before?"

 This is about perceiving a quality (the intensity/fire) in the eyes.

 I believe sense 2 (notice%2:39:00::) is the correct choice.

 Wait, I want to check if there's any chance it's sense 4 (acknowledge)? No, that's definitely about social acknowledgment.

 Sense 3 is about commenting, so that's out.

 So it's between 1 and 2.

 Let me think about the difference between "detect" (sense 1) and "perceive" (sense 2). Detection often implies finding something hidden, subtle, or requiring special attention or tools. Perception is the general faculty.

 The "cold fire" is described as being visible ("bright with a strange intensity"), so it's not hidden in the sense of being undetectable without tools. It's something he should have seen but didn't.

 Therefore, sense 2 (perceive/notice) is better than sense 1 (detect/discover).

 Final decision: sense 2 (index 2).

 Wait, I need to make sure about the indexing. The user lists:
 1. sense_key=notice%2:39:04::
 2. sense_key=notice%2:39:00::
 3. sense_key=notice%2:32:00::
 4. sense_key=notice%2:32:01::

 So index 2 corresponds to notice%2:39:00:: with definition "notice or perceive".

 Yes, that's the one I want.

 Actually, let me reconsider one more time. Could it be sense 1?

 Sense 1: "discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of"
 - He is determining the existence of the "cold fire" in the man's eyes
 - The synonyms include "observe"

 But the examples for sense 1 are about scientific/empirical discovery (detecting lead, finding traces). The examples for sense 2 are about everyday observation (noting someone is following).

 The context is a narrative description of a character noticing something about another character's appearance. This aligns more with sense 2.

 Also, the phrase "Why hadn't he noticed it before?" is a common phrase meaning "Why hadn't he perceived this before?" not "Why hadn't he discovered this fact before?"

 So I'll go with index 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: man
Target surface form: man
Context:
Was the man drunk or crazy or both? But his new-found buddy had matched him drink for drink until he lost count, and the man's eyes were still clear. The guy is off his rocker, Haney thought to himself, and looked away from those eyes. Eyes that were clear, but also bright with a strange intensity, a sort of cold fire burning behind them. Why hadn't he noticed it before? No, the <t>man</t> was not drunk He wondered how he got tied up with this stranger.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=man%1:18:00:: | definition=an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman) | synonyms=adult male | examples=there were two women and six men on the bus
2. sense_key=man%1:18:03:: | definition=someone who serves in the armed forces; a member of a military force | synonyms=serviceman, military man, military personnel | examples=two men stood sentry duty
3. sense_key=man%1:18:04:: | definition=the generic use of the word to refer to any human being | examples=it was every man for himself
4. sense_key=man%1:05:01:: | definition=any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae characterized by superior intelligence, articulate speech, and erect carriage | synonyms=homo, human being, human
5. sense_key=man%1:18:08:: | definition=a male subordinate | examples=the chief stationed two men outside the building; he awaited word from his man in Havana
6. sense_key=man%1:18:06:: | definition=an adult male person who has a manly character (virile and courageous competent) | examples=the army will make a man of you
7. sense_key=man%1:18:05:: | definition=a manservant who acts as a personal attendant to his employer | synonyms=valet, valet de chambre, gentleman, gentleman's gentleman | examples=Jeeves was Bertie Wooster's man
8. sense_key=man%1:18:07:: | definition=a male person who plays a significant role (husband or lover or boyfriend) in the life of a particular woman | examples=she takes good care of her man
9. sense_key=man%1:15:00:: | definition=one of the British Isles in the Irish Sea | synonyms=Isle of Man
10. sense_key=man%1:06:00:: | definition=game equipment consisting of an object used in playing certain board games | synonyms=piece | examples=he taught me to set up the men on the chess board; he sacrificed a piece to get a strategic advantage
11. sense_key=man%1:05:00:: | definition=all of the living human inhabitants of the earth | synonyms=world, human race, humanity, humankind, human beings, humans | examples=all the world loves a lover; she always used `humankind' because `mankind' seemed to slight the women

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "man" in a specific context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The sentence is: "Was the man drunk or crazy or both? But his new-found buddy had matched him drink for drink until he lost count, and the man's eyes were still clear. The guy is off his rocker, Haney thought to himself, and looked away from those eyes. Eyes that were clear, but also bright with a strange intensity, a sort of cold fire burning behind them. Why hadn't he noticed it before? No, the <t>man</t> was not drunk He wondered how he got tied up with this stranger."

 The target word "man" appears in the phrase: "No, the man was not drunk"

 Looking at the context:
 - "Was the man drunk or crazy or both?" - referring to a specific male person
 - "his new-found buddy" - referring to another male
 - "the man's eyes were still clear"
 - "The guy is off his rocker"
 - "looked away from those eyes"
 - "No, the man was not drunk"
 - "this stranger"

 This is clearly referring to a specific adult male person. It's not referring to:
 - Military personnel (sense 2)
 - Generic humankind (sense 3 or 11)
 - Hominidae family (sense 4)
 - A subordinate (sense 5)
 - Manservant/valet (sense 7)
 - Husband/lover/boyfriend specific role (sense 8)
 - Isle of Man (sense 9)
 - Chess piece (sense 10)

 It's referring to an adult male person. Now I need to decide between sense 1 and sense 6.

 Sense 1: "an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)" - synonyms: adult male
 Sense 6: "an adult male person who has a manly character (virile and courageous competent)" - examples: "the army will make a man of you"

 The context describes a stranger who is drinking with the narrator. The narrator wonders if he was drunk or crazy. The description focuses on "eyes were still clear" and "bright with a strange intensity".

 This is just describing a male person, not specifically emphasizing manly character or virility/courage. It's a straightforward reference to an adult male individual.

 Therefore, sense 1 (man%1:18:00::) is the best fit.

 Wait, let me check sense 1 again: "an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)"
 And sense 6: "an adult male person who has a manly character..."

 The context doesn't suggest anything about "manly character" being emphasized. It's just referring to a male person. The contrast is between drunk vs. crazy, not about his manliness.

 So sense 1 is correct.

 But let me double-check if there's any other interpretation. The phrase "the man" refers back to "his new-found buddy" who is described as drinking with him. This is just a specific male individual.

 Yes, sense 1 is the correct choice.

 The index for sense_key=man%1:18:00:: would be 1 (since it's listed first in the candidate senses).

 Actually, looking at the candidate list, they are numbered 1-11. The first one is:
 1. sense_key=man%1:18:00:: | definition=an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

 So the sense_index should be 1.

 Wait, I need to be careful. The user asks for "sense_index" in the JSON. Looking at the format: {"sense_index": 3}

 So I should return the number corresponding to the position in the list.

 The target is "man" appearing in "No, the <t>man</t> was not drunk".

 Context confirms this is referring to the "new-found buddy" and "stranger" mentioned earlier. This is just an adult male human being.

 Sense 1 fits perfectly.

 Let me verify if any other sense could fit:
 - Sense 3 (generic 'man' for any human being)? No, "the man" refers to a specific male individual, not generic humanity.
 - Sense 4 (hominidae)? Too scientific/species-level.
 - Sense 8 (husband/lover/boyfriend)? No indication of romantic relationship; he's described as a "buddy" and "stranger".

 So definitely sense 1.

 The output should be: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: drunk
Target surface form: drunk
Context:
Was the man drunk or crazy or both? But his new-found buddy had matched him drink for drink until he lost count, and the man's eyes were still clear. The guy is off his rocker, Haney thought to himself, and looked away from those eyes. Eyes that were clear, but also bright with a strange intensity, a sort of cold fire burning behind them. Why hadn't he noticed it before? No, the man was not <t>drunk</t> He wondered how he got tied up with this stranger.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=drunk%3:00:00:: | definition=stupefied or excited by a chemical substance (especially alcohol) | synonyms=intoxicated, inebriated | examples=a noisy crowd of intoxicated sailors; helplessly inebriated
2. sense_key=drunk%5:00:00:excited:00 | definition=as if under the influence of alcohol | synonyms=intoxicated | examples=felt intoxicated by her success; drunk with excitement

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "drunk" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The sentence is: "No, the man was not <t>drunk</t>"
 - The context describes a man who matched the protagonist drink for drink, but his eyes were still clear
 - The protagonist initially wondered if the man was "drunk or crazy or both"
 - But then he realizes the man's eyes were clear, bright with strange intensity
 - The conclusion is: "No, the man was not drunk"

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=drunk%3:00:00:: | definition=stupefied or excited by a chemical substance (especially alcohol) | synonyms=intoxicated, inebriated | examples=a noisy crowd of intoxicated sailors; helplessly inebriated

 2. sense_key=drunk%5:00:00:excited:00 | definition=as if under the influence of alcohol | synonyms=intoxicated | examples=felt intoxicated by her success; drunk with excitement

 The context is clearly about alcohol consumption ("matched him drink for drink", "stupefied or excited by a chemical substance especially alcohol"). The narrator is concluding that despite drinking a lot, the man is not showing signs of being under the influence of alcohol - his eyes are clear, not stupefied.

 Sense 1 refers to actually being intoxicated by alcohol (stupefied or excited by a chemical substance, especially alcohol).

 Sense 2 refers to being "as if" under the influence, or metaphorically drunk (like "drunk with excitement" or "drunk with power").

 In this context, the question is whether the man is actually intoxicated by alcohol ("drunk or crazy"). The narrator concludes he is not drunk (intoxicated by alcohol). This is clearly Sense 1 - the literal meaning of being stupefied by alcohol.

 The context mentions "matched him drink for drink" which clearly indicates alcohol consumption, and the question is about whether the alcohol has affected him (made him stupefied/intoxicated).

 Therefore, the correct sense is index 1.

 Wait, let me double-check the sense keys:
 - drunk%3:00:00:: is the adjective sense meaning intoxicated by alcohol
 - drunk%5:00:00:excited:00 is the adjective sense meaning excited/elated metaphorically

 The context is definitely about literal alcohol intoxication, not metaphorical drunkenness (like drunk with power). The text explicitly mentions drinking alcohol ("drink for drink"), and the question is whether the man is intoxicated from that alcohol.

 So the answer should be {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: wonder
Target surface form: wondered
Context:
But his new-found buddy had matched him drink for drink until he lost count, and the man's eyes were still clear. The guy is off his rocker, Haney thought to himself, and looked away from those eyes. Eyes that were clear, but also bright with a strange intensity, a sort of cold fire burning behind them. Why hadn't he noticed it before? No, the man was not drunk He <t>wondered</t> how he got tied up with this stranger. But, of course, he remembered now.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=wonder%2:31:00:: | definition=have a wish or desire to know something | synonyms=inquire, enquire | examples=He wondered who had built this beautiful church
2. sense_key=wonder%2:32:01:: | definition=place in doubt or express doubtful speculation | synonyms=question | examples=I wonder whether this was the right thing to do; she wondered whether it would snow tonight
3. sense_key=wonder%2:32:12:: | definition=be amazed at | synonyms=marvel | examples=We marvelled at the child's linguistic abilities

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "wondered" in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
- Haney is looking at a man who matched him drink for drink but is still sober/clear-eyed
- Haney thinks the man is "off his rocker" (crazy/insane)
- He notices the man's eyes have a "strange intensity" and "cold fire"
- He asks himself "Why hadn't he noticed it before?"
- He concludes the man is not drunk
- Then: "He wondered how he got tied up with this stranger."
- Then he remembers how he got tied up with the stranger

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=wonder%2:31:00:: | definition=have a wish or desire to know something | synonyms=inquire, enquire | examples=He wondered who had built this beautiful church
   - This is about wanting to know something, being curious about a fact
   - The example shows wondering about who built a church (seeking information)

2. sense_key=wonder%2:32:01:: | definition=place in doubt or express doubtful speculation | synonyms=question | examples=I wonder whether this was the right thing to do; she wondered whether it would snow tonight
   - This is about doubting, questioning, speculating about possibilities
   - Examples show uncertainty about whether something is true or will happen

3. sense_key=wonder%2:32:12:: | definition=be amazed at | synonyms=marvel | examples=We marvelled at the child's linguistic abilities
   - This is about being surprised, amazed, marveling at something

In the context: "He wondered how he got tied up with this stranger."
- He is thinking about how he ended up with this stranger
- The next sentence says "But, of course, he remembered now" - implying he was trying to recall or figure out the information
- This suggests he was seeking to know/understand the explanation for how he got tied up with the stranger
- It's not about doubting/speculating in the sense of uncertainty about a proposition (like "I wonder if it will rain")
- It's not about being amazed (marveling) - there's no indication of amazement, just confusion or curiosity about the circumstances

The phrase "how he got tied up with this stranger" indicates he's trying to understand the causal chain or the sequence of events that led to this situation. He wants to know the explanation.

Sense 1 (have a wish or desire to know something) fits best because:
- He wants to know/understand how he got into this situation
- It's about seeking information/explanation
- The example "He wondered who had built this beautiful church" is similar - seeking to know a fact/explanation

Sense 2 (place in doubt or express doubtful speculation) would fit if it were something like "He wondered whether he had made a mistake" or "He wondered if the man was dangerous" - expressing uncertainty about a possibility. But here he's wondering "how" - seeking an explanatory fact.

Sense 3 (be amazed at) clearly doesn't fit - he's not marveling at how he got tied up with the stranger, he's trying to figure it out.

Therefore, the best sense is sense 1.

Wait, let me reconsider. Is there any ambiguity?

"He wondered how he got tied up with this stranger."

Could this be sense 2? "place in doubt or express doubtful speculation" - like questioning how it happened?

But looking at the examples for sense 2: "I wonder whether this was the right thing to do" - this is about uncertainty regarding the truth of a proposition. "She wondered whether it would snow tonight" - uncertainty about future events.

Sense 1 examples: "He wondered who had built this beautiful church" - this is seeking specific information/identity.

The "how" question seeks explanatory information. This aligns with sense 1 - having a desire to know something.

Also, the follow-up "But, of course, he remembered now" suggests he was trying to recall the information, which supports the "desire to know" interpretation.

So sense 1 is correct.

The answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: get
Target surface form: got
Context:
But his new-found buddy had matched him drink for drink until he lost count, and the man's eyes were still clear. The guy is off his rocker, Haney thought to himself, and looked away from those eyes. Eyes that were clear, but also bright with a strange intensity, a sort of cold fire burning behind them. Why hadn't he noticed it before? No, the man was not drunk He wondered how he <t>got</t> tied up with this stranger. But, of course, he remembered now.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=get%2:40:00:: | definition=come into the possession of something concrete or abstract | synonyms=acquire | examples=She got a lot of paintings from her uncle; They acquired a new pet
2. sense_key=get%2:30:00:: | definition=enter or assume a certain state or condition | synonyms=become, go | examples=He became annoyed when he heard the bad news; It must be getting more serious
3. sense_key=get%2:30:02:: | definition=cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition | synonyms=let, have | examples=He got his squad on the ball; This let me in for a big surprise
4. sense_key=get%2:30:03:: | definition=receive a specified treatment (abstract) | synonyms=receive, find, obtain, incur | examples=These aspects of civilization do not find expression or receive an interpretation; His movie received a good review
5. sense_key=get%2:38:00:: | definition=reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress | synonyms=arrive, come | examples=She arrived home at 7 o'clock; She didn't get to Chicago until after midnight
6. sense_key=get%2:35:03:: | definition=go or come after and bring or take back | synonyms=bring, convey, fetch | examples=Get me those books over there, please; Could you bring the wine?
7. sense_key=get%2:39:00:: | definition=go through (mental or physical states or experiences) | synonyms=experience, receive, have | examples=get an idea; experience vertigo
8. sense_key=get%2:33:00:: | definition=take vengeance on or get even | synonyms=pay back, pay off, fix | examples=We'll get them!; That'll fix him good!
9. sense_key=get%2:40:01:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=have, make | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
10. sense_key=get%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, have, make | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
11. sense_key=get%2:35:09:: | definition=succeed in catching or seizing, especially after a chase | synonyms=catch, capture | examples=We finally got the suspect; Did you catch the thief?
12. sense_key=get%2:29:01:: | definition=come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes) | synonyms=grow, develop, produce, acquire | examples=He grew a beard; The patient developed abdominal pains
13. sense_key=get%2:29:00:: | definition=be stricken by an illness, fall victim to an illness | synonyms=contract, take | examples=He got AIDS; She came down with pneumonia
14. sense_key=get%2:32:03:: | definition=communicate with a place or person; establish communication with, as if by telephone | examples=Bill called this number and he got Mary; The operator couldn't get Kobe because of the earthquake
15. sense_key=get%2:30:01:: | definition=give certain properties to something | synonyms=make | examples=get someone mad; She made us look silly
16. sense_key=get%2:32:08:: | definition=move into a desired direction of discourse | synonyms=drive, aim | examples=What are you driving at?
17. sense_key=get%2:31:09:: | definition=grasp with the mind or develop an understanding of | synonyms=catch | examples=did you catch that allusion?; We caught something of his theory in the lecture
18. sense_key=get%2:35:00:: | definition=attract and fix | synonyms=catch, arrest | examples=His look caught her; She caught his eye
19. sense_key=get%2:35:10:: | definition=reach with a blow or hit in a particular spot | synonyms=catch | examples=the rock caught her in the back of the head; The blow got him in the back
20. sense_key=get%2:31:03:: | definition=reach by calculation | examples=What do you get when you add up these numbers?
21. sense_key=get%2:40:14:: | definition=acquire as a result of some effort or action | examples=You cannot get water out of a stone; Where did she get these news?
22. sense_key=get%2:40:13:: | definition=purchase | examples=What did you get at the toy store?
23. sense_key=get%2:39:13:: | definition=perceive by hearing | synonyms=catch | examples=I didn't catch your name; She didn't get his name when they met the first time
24. sense_key=get%2:39:09:: | definition=suffer from the receipt of | synonyms=catch | examples=She will catch hell for this behavior!
25. sense_key=get%2:39:14:: | definition=receive as a retribution or punishment | synonyms=receive | examples=He got 5 years in prison
26. sense_key=get%2:38:15:: | definition=leave immediately; used usually in the imperative form | synonyms=scram, buzz off, fuck off, bugger off | examples=Scram!
27. sense_key=get%2:38:12:: | definition=reach and board | examples=She got the bus just as it was leaving
28. sense_key=get%2:37:12:: | definition=irritate | synonyms=get under one's skin | examples=Her childish behavior really get to me; His lying really gets me
29. sense_key=get%2:37:11:: | definition=evoke an emotional response | examples=Brahms's `Requiem' gets me every time
30. sense_key=get%2:36:14:: | definition=apprehend and reproduce accurately | synonyms=catch | examples=She really caught the spirit of the place in her drawings; She got the mood just right in her photographs
31. sense_key=get%2:36:00:: | definition=earn or achieve a base by being walked by the pitcher | synonyms=draw | examples=He drew a base on balls
32. sense_key=get%2:35:12:: | definition=overcome or destroy | examples=The ice storm got my hibiscus; the cat got the goldfish
33. sense_key=get%2:31:10:: | definition=be a mystery or bewildering to | synonyms=perplex, vex, stick, puzzle, mystify, baffle | examples=This beats me!; Got me--I don't know the answer!
34. sense_key=get%2:30:12:: | definition=take the first step or steps in carrying out an action | synonyms=get down, begin, start out, start, set about, set out | examples=We began working at dawn; Who will start?
35. sense_key=get%2:29:11:: | definition=undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | synonyms=suffer, sustain, have | examples=She suffered a fracture in the accident; He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars
36. sense_key=get%2:29:08:: | definition=make children | synonyms=beget, engender, father, mother, sire, generate | examples=Abraham begot Isaac; Men often father children but don't recognize them

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the target word "got" (lemma "get") in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 "He wondered how he got tied up with this stranger."

 The phrase "got tied up with" is an idiom or phrasal expression meaning "became involved with" or "ended up with" or "came to be in a situation/relationship with".

 Let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. get%2:40:00:: - come into possession of something concrete or abstract. This is about acquiring objects. Not quite right for "tied up with" in the sense of becoming involved with a person.

 2. get%2:30:00:: - enter or assume a certain state or condition. Synonyms: become, go. Examples: "He became annoyed", "It must be getting more serious". This seems promising. "Got tied up" could mean "became tied up" (entered the state of being tied up/involved).

 3. get%2:30:02:: - cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition. Synonyms: let, have. Examples: "He got his squad on the ball". This is causative. But here "he got tied up" - he is the one who became tied up, not causing someone else to be tied up. So probably not this one.

 4. get%2:30:03:: - receive a specified treatment (abstract). Not quite.

 5. get%2:38:00:: - reach a destination. No.

 6. get%2:35:03:: - go or come after and bring or take back. No.

 7. get%2:39:00:: - go through (mental or physical states or experiences). "get an idea". Not quite.

 8. get%2:33:00:: - take vengeance. No.

 9. get%2:40:01:: - achieve a point or goal. No.

 10. get%2:32:00:: - cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner. Causative. "got me to buy". Not this.

 11. get%2:35:09:: - succeed in catching. No.

 12. get%2:29:01:: - come to have or undergo a change of physical features. No.

 13. get%2:29:00:: - be stricken by illness. No.

 14. get%2:32:03:: - communicate with. No.

 15. get%2:30:01:: - give certain properties to something. "get someone mad". This is causative/inchoative but about causing properties in others.

 16. get%2:32:08:: - move into desired direction of discourse. No.

 17. get%2:31:09:: - grasp with the mind. No.

 18. get%2:35:00:: - attract and fix. No.

 19. get%2:35:10:: - reach with a blow. No.

 20. get%2:31:03:: - reach by calculation. No.

 21. get%2:40:14:: - acquire as result of effort. Maybe, but "tied up with" is more about state.

 22. get%2:40:13:: - purchase. No.

 23. get%2:39:13:: - perceive by hearing. No.

 24. get%2:39:09:: - suffer from receipt of. No.

 25. get%2:39:14:: - receive as retribution. No.

 26. get%2:38:15:: - leave immediately. No.

 27. get%2:38:12:: - reach and board. No.

 28. get%2:37:12:: - irritate. No.

 29. get%2:37:11:: - evoke emotional response. No.

 30. get%2:36:14:: - apprehend and reproduce accurately. No.

 31. get%2:36:00:: - earn base by being walked. No.

 32. get%2:35:12:: - overcome or destroy. No.

 33. get%2:31:10:: - be a mystery. "Got me" = I don't know. But here it's "got tied up with".

 34. get%2:30:12:: - take the first step. "get down", "begin". Not quite.

 35. get%2:29:11:: - undergo (injuries/illnesses). "suffer". Maybe, but "tied up with" is not exactly an injury.

 36. get%2:29:08:: - make children. No.

 So the best candidates are:
 - Sense 2: enter or assume a certain state or condition (become)
 - Sense 3: cause to be in a certain position or condition (but this is causative)
 - Sense 35: undergo (injuries and illnesses)

 Let's look at "get tied up with" specifically. It means to become involved or entangled with someone or something. This is about entering a state of being involved/tied up.

 Sense 2: "enter or assume a certain state or condition" - synonyms: become, go. Examples: "He became annoyed", "It must be getting more serious".

 "He got tied up with this stranger" = He became tied up/involved with this stranger.

 This fits sense 2 perfectly. The structure is "get + past participle/adjective" indicating a change of state or entering a state.

 Sense 3 is causative: "He got his squad on the ball" = He caused his squad to be on the ball. But here, he is the subject of "tied up", not the object. He didn't cause himself to be tied up with the stranger (well, he did, but the syntax is intransitive/state-change, not causative transitive). Actually, "get tied up" can be analyzed as "become tied up", which is inchoative, not causative.

 Sense 35 is specifically for injuries and illnesses: "suffer a fracture", "have an insulin shock". While "tied up" could metaphorically be an affliction, the sense is specifically medical/physical harm.

 Therefore, sense 2 is the best fit.

 Wait, let me double-check sense 3's definition: "cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition". The example "He got his squad on the ball" shows causation. "This let me in for a big surprise" - also causative.

 In "he got tied up with this stranger", if we parse it as "he caused himself to be tied up", it could be reflexive causative, but the more natural reading is simply "he became tied up/involved". The idiom "get tied up with" means to become involved with.

 Also, looking at WordNet's treatment of "get", sense 2 (get%2:30:00::) is the standard "become" sense used for "get + adjective/past participle" constructions indicating state change.

 Examples for sense 2: "He became annoyed when he heard the bad news; It must be getting more serious"

 "He got tied up with this stranger" parallels "He became tied up with this stranger".

 So I choose sense index 2.