[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: stop
Target surface form: stopped
Context:
The Sunset -LCB- District -RCB- was more or less like a pajama party all evening, lots of people & dogs walking around, drinking beer. 6:50 a.m. CAROLG: I was just sitting down to meet with some new therapy clients, a couple, and the building started shaking like crazy. It's a flimsy structure, built up on supports, and it was really rocking around. The three of us <t>stopped</t> breathing for a moment, and then when it kept on coming we lunged for the doorway. Needless to say, it was an interesting first session!

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=stop%2:38:00:: | definition=come to a halt, stop moving | synonyms=halt | examples=the car stopped; She stopped in front of a store window
2. sense_key=stop%2:42:00:: | definition=put an end to a state or an activity | synonyms=discontinue, cease, give up, quit, lay off | examples=Quit teasing your little brother
3. sense_key=stop%2:41:00:: | definition=stop from happening or developing | synonyms=halt, block, kibosh | examples=Block his election; Halt the process
4. sense_key=stop%2:38:02:: | definition=interrupt a trip | synonyms=stop over | examples=we stopped at Aunt Mary's house; they stopped for three days in Florence
5. sense_key=stop%2:38:01:: | definition=cause to stop | examples=stop a car; stop the thief
6. sense_key=stop%2:30:05:: | definition=prevent completion | synonyms=break, break off, discontinue | examples=stop the project; break off the negotiations
7. sense_key=stop%2:33:00:: | definition=hold back, as of a danger or an enemy; check the expansion or influence of | synonyms=check, turn back, arrest, contain, hold back | examples=Arrest the downward trend; Check the growth of communism in South East Asia
8. sense_key=stop%2:35:00:: | definition=seize on its way | synonyms=intercept | examples=The fighter plane was ordered to intercept an aircraft that had entered the country's airspace
9. sense_key=stop%2:42:13:: | definition=have an end, in a temporal, spatial, or quantitative sense; either spatial or metaphorical | synonyms=end, finish, terminate, cease | examples=the bronchioles terminate in a capillary bed; Your rights stop where you infringe upon the rights of other
10. sense_key=stop%2:35:12:: | definition=render unsuitable for passage | synonyms=barricade, block, blockade, block off, block up, bar | examples=block the way; barricade the streets
11. sense_key=stop%2:30:12:: | definition=stop and wait, as if awaiting further instructions or developments | synonyms=hold on | examples=Hold on a moment!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the word "stopped" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The sentence is: "The three of us stopped breathing for a moment, and then when it kept on coming we lunged for the doorway."
 - This describes an earthquake scenario where people were in a shaking building.
 - They "stopped breathing" - meaning they ceased the activity of breathing temporarily.
 - This is an intransitive use (they stopped doing something themselves).

 Looking at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=stop%2:38:00:: | definition=come to a halt, stop moving | synonyms=halt | examples=the car stopped; She stopped in front of a store window
    - This is about motion/movement coming to a halt. While breathing involves movement, this sense seems more about physical locomotion (cars, people walking).

 2. sense_key=stop%2:42:00:: | definition=put an end to a state or an activity | synonyms=discontinue, cease, give up, quit, lay off | examples=Quit teasing your little brother
    - This means to cease an activity. "Stop breathing" fits here - they ceased the activity of breathing.
    - Synonyms: discontinue, cease, give up, quit, lay off.
    - This is transitive or intransitive? The definition says "put an end to" which suggests transitive, but "cease" can be intransitive.
    - Actually, looking at the examples: "Quit teasing" - this is stopping an activity.

 3. sense_key=stop%2:41:00:: | definition=stop from happening or developing | synonyms=halt, block, kibosh | examples=Block his election; Halt the process
    - This is about preventing something external from happening. Not "stop breathing."

 4. sense_key=stop%2:38:02:: | definition=interrupt a trip | synonyms=stop over | examples=we stopped at Aunt Mary's house
    - This is about interrupting travel. Not applicable.

 5. sense_key=stop%2:38:01:: | definition=cause to stop | examples=stop a car; stop the thief
    - This is transitive - causing something else to stop. Here, the subject is doing the stopping to themselves (intransitive/reflexive).

 6. sense_key=stop%2:30:05:: | definition=prevent completion | synonyms=break, break off, discontinue | examples=stop the project
    - About preventing completion of something. Not quite right for breathing.

 7. sense_key=stop%2:33:00:: | definition=hold back, as of a danger or an enemy | synonyms=check, turn back, arrest
    - Not applicable.

 8. sense_key=stop%2:35:00:: | definition=seize on its way | synonyms=intercept
    - Not applicable.

 9. sense_key=stop%2:42:13:: | definition=have an end, in a temporal, spatial, or quantitative sense | synonyms=end, finish, terminate, cease | examples=the bronchioles terminate in a capillary bed; Your rights stop where you infringe
    - This is intransitive - something comes to an end.
    - "Stopped breathing" could fit here - breathing came to an end/had an end.
    - But this sense seems more about boundaries or natural termination points (spatial/temporal), whereas sense 2 is about actively ceasing an activity.

 10. sense_key=stop%2:35:12:: | definition=render unsuitable for passage | synonyms=barricade
    - Not applicable.

 11. sense_key=stop%2:30:12:: | definition=stop and wait | synonyms=hold on
    - Not applicable.

 Now comparing sense 1 and sense 2 and sense 9:

 Sense 1 (stop%2:38:00): "come to a halt, stop moving" - This is the prototypical motion sense. While breathing involves diaphragm movement, "stop breathing" is usually categorized under ceasing an activity rather than locomotion.

 Sense 2 (stop%2:42:00): "put an end to a state or an activity" - This captures "stop breathing" well. They put an end to the activity of breathing (temporarily).

 Sense 9 (stop%2:42:13): "have an end" - This is about something terminating naturally or reaching an endpoint. "The road stops here." While breathing did stop, this sense is less about the agentive cessation of a bodily function and more about something ending.

 In WordNet, "stop breathing" is typically sense 2 (or similar to "cease"). Let me verify the WordNet structure mentally:

 stop%2:42:00:: usually maps to "discontinue, stop, cease, give up, quit, lay off" - which is about stopping an activity.

 stop%2:38:00:: is "halt, stop" - about motion.

 In the sentence "The three of us stopped breathing", the subject is intentionally (or reflexively) ceasing the activity of breathing. This aligns with sense 2.

 However, I should check if there's any ambiguity. "Stopped breathing" could be:
 1. They ceased the activity (transitive/intransitive use of sense 2)
 2. The breathing came to a halt (intransitive sense 9)

 But sense 2 is defined as "put an end to a state or an activity" which fits "stop breathing" perfectly - they put an end to the activity of breathing.

 Sense 9 examples: "Your rights stop where you infringe..." - this is about boundaries/termination points, not activities.

 Therefore, sense 2 is the best fit.

 Wait, let me double-check the sense keys and definitions to make sure I'm interpreting the indices correctly.

 The user lists:
 1. sense_key=stop%2:38:00::
 2. sense_key=stop%2:42:00::
 3. sense_key=stop%2:41:00::
 4. sense_key=stop%2:38:02::
 5. sense_key=stop%2:38:01::
 6. sense_key=stop%2:30:05::
 7. sense_key=stop%2:33:00::
 8. sense_key=stop%2:35:00::
 9. sense_key=stop%2:42:13::
 10. sense_key=stop%2:35:12::
 11. sense_key=stop%2:30:12::

 In WordNet:
 - stop%2:38:00:: is usually the "halt, stop" sense (motion)
 - stop%2:42:00:: is usually "discontinue, stop, cease, quit" (activity)
 - stop%2:42:13:: is usually "end, stop, finish, terminate" (have an end)

 For "stop breathing":
 - If I say "He stopped breathing", I mean he ceased the activity of breathing.
 - This is most commonly sense 2: "put an end to a state or an activity"

 Actually, looking at WordNet 3.0 or 3.1:
 - stop.v.01: halt, stop - come to a halt, stop moving (2:38:00)
 - stop.v.02: discontinue, stop, cease, give up, quit, lay off - put an end to a state or an activity (2:42:00)
 - stop.v.03: stop, halt, block, kibosh - stop from happening (2:41:00)
 - stop.v.04: stop, stop over - interrupt a trip (2:38:02)
 - stop.v.05: stop - cause to stop (2:38:01)
 - stop.v.06: break, break off, discontinue, stop - prevent completion (2:30:05)
 - stop.v.07: check, turn back, arrest, stop, contain, hold back - hold back (2:33:00)
 - stop.v.08: intercept, stop - seize on its way (2:35:00)
 - stop.v.09: end, stop, finish, terminate, cease - have an end (2:42:13)
 - stop.v.10: barricade, block, blockade, stop, block off, block up, bar - render unsuitable for passage (2:35:12)
 - stop.v.11: hold on, stop - stop and wait (2:30:12)

 So yes, sense 2 (index 2 in the list) is stop%2:42:00:: "put an end to a state or an activity".

 "The three of us stopped breathing" - they put an end to the activity of breathing (temporarily).

 This is clearly sense 2.

 But wait, is it possible it's sense 9 (stop%2:42:13:: "have an end")?
 - "Breathing stopped" (intransitive, subject is breathing)
 - "They stopped breathing" (could be analyzed as transitive with object "breathing" or intransitive with "breathing" as a noun complement? No, "breathing" is a gerund/verbal noun acting as object of "stopped")

 Actually, "stop breathing" is transitive - the verb "stop" takes the gerund "breathing" as its object. This means they discontinued the activity.

 Therefore, sense 2 is correct.

 One final check: Could it be sense 1 (motion)? "Stop moving" - breathing is movement of air/diaphragm. But "stop breathing" is lexicalized as ceasing the biological function, not just halting motion. The examples for sense 1 are about cars and people walking, not physiological functions.

 Sense 2 examples include "Quit teasing" which is parallel to "stop breathing" (cease an activity).

 Therefore, the answer is sense index 2.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: breathe
Target surface form: breathing
Context:
The Sunset -LCB- District -RCB- was more or less like a pajama party all evening, lots of people & dogs walking around, drinking beer. 6:50 a.m. CAROLG: I was just sitting down to meet with some new therapy clients, a couple, and the building started shaking like crazy. It's a flimsy structure, built up on supports, and it was really rocking around. The three of us stopped <t>breathing</t> for a moment, and then when it kept on coming we lunged for the doorway. Needless to say, it was an interesting first session!

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=breathe%2:29:00:: | definition=draw air into, and expel out of, the lungs | synonyms=take a breath, respire, suspire | examples=I can breathe better when the air is clean; The patient is respiring
2. sense_key=breathe%2:42:00:: | definition=be alive | examples=Every creature that breathes
3. sense_key=breathe%2:40:00:: | definition=impart as if by breathing | examples=He breathed new life into the old house
4. sense_key=breathe%2:42:01:: | definition=allow the passage of air through | examples=Our new synthetic fabric breathes and is perfect for summer wear
5. sense_key=breathe%2:32:01:: | definition=utter or tell | examples=not breathe a word
6. sense_key=breathe%2:32:03:: | definition=manifest or evince | examples=She breathes the Christian spirit
7. sense_key=breathe%2:32:00:: | definition=take a short break from one's activities in order to relax | synonyms=rest, catch one's breath, take a breather
8. sense_key=breathe%2:30:03:: | definition=reach full flavor by absorbing air and being let to stand after having been uncorked | examples=This rare Bordeaux must be allowed to breathe for at least 2 hours
9. sense_key=breathe%2:29:01:: | definition=expel (gases or odors) | synonyms=emit, pass off

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "breathing" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The sentence is: "The three of us stopped <t>breathing</t> for a moment, and then when it kept on coming we lunged for the doorway."
 - This is describing an earthquake scenario (building shaking, rocking around).
 - "Stopped breathing" here means they momentarily ceased the physical act of inhaling and exhaling air due to shock/fear.
 - It's a literal, physiological action of respiration.

 Candidate sense analysis:
 1. sense_key=breathe%2:29:00:: | definition=draw air into, and expel out of, the lungs | synonyms=take a breath, respire, suspire | examples=I can breathe better when the air is clean; The patient is respiring
    - This matches perfectly. "Stopped breathing" means they stopped drawing air into and expelling it from their lungs momentarily due to shock.

 2. sense_key=breathe%2:42:00:: | definition=be alive | examples=Every creature that breathes
    - This is metaphorical or general state of being alive. "Stopped breathing" could mean died, but in this context, it's momentary cessation of respiration, not death.

 3. sense_key=breathe%2:40:00:: | definition=impart as if by breathing | examples=He breathed new life into the old house
    - Not relevant here.

 4. sense_key=breathe%2:42:01:: | definition=allow the passage of air through | examples=Our new synthetic fabric breathes and is perfect for summer wear
    - This is about materials allowing air passage. Not relevant.

 5. sense_key=breathe%2:32:01:: | definition=utter or tell | examples=not breathe a word
    - Idiomatic usage about speaking/secrecy. Not relevant.

 6. sense_key=breathe%2:32:03:: | definition=manifest or evince | examples=She breathes the Christian spirit
    - Metaphorical. Not relevant.

 7. sense_key=breathe%2:32:00:: | definition=take a short break from one's activities in order to relax | synonyms=rest, catch one's breath, take a breather
    - This is about resting. While "catch one's breath" is related, "stopped breathing" is not the same as taking a break. They literally stopped the physiological process momentarily.

 8. sense_key=breathe%2:30:03:: | definition=reach full flavor by absorbing air and being let to stand after having been uncorked | examples=This rare Bordeaux must be allowed to breathe for at least 2 hours
    - About wine. Not relevant.

 9. sense_key=breathe%2:29:01:: | definition=expel (gases or odors) | synonyms=emit, pass off
    - About emitting gases. Not relevant.

 The best sense is clearly sense 1: draw air into, and expel out of, the lungs.

 The user wants the output as: {"sense_index": 1}

 Wait, I need to check the indexing. The user lists them as:
 1. sense_key=breathe%2:29:00::
 2. sense_key=breathe%2:42:00::
 3. sense_key=breathe%2:40:00::
 4. sense_key=breathe%2:42:01::
 5. sense_key=breathe%2:32:01::
 6. sense_key=breathe%2:32:03::
 7. sense_key=breathe%2:32:00::
 8. sense_key=breathe%2:30:03::
 9. sense_key=breathe%2:29:01::

 So sense_index should be 1.

 Double-checking: "stopped breathing" - did they stop being alive? No, just momentarily held their breath. Did they stop allowing passage of air? No. Did they stop uttering? No. Did they stop taking a break? No.

 It's definitely the physiological act of respiration (sense 1).

 The instruction says: "Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}."

 So I should return: {"sense_index": 1}

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Phala

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: moment
Target surface form: moment
Context:
The Sunset -LCB- District -RCB- was more or less like a pajama party all evening, lots of people & dogs walking around, drinking beer. 6:50 a.m. CAROLG: I was just sitting down to meet with some new therapy clients, a couple, and the building started shaking like crazy. It's a flimsy structure, built up on supports, and it was really rocking around. The three of us stopped breathing for a <t>moment</t>, and then when it kept on coming we lunged for the doorway. Needless to say, it was an interesting first session!

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=moment%1:28:00:: | definition=a particular point in time | synonyms=minute, second, instant | examples=the moment he arrived the party began
2. sense_key=moment%1:28:01:: | definition=an indefinitely short time | synonyms=mo, minute, second, bit | examples=wait just a moment; in a mo
3. sense_key=moment%1:28:02:: | definition=at this time | synonyms=here and now, present moment | examples=the disappointments of the here and now; she is studying at the moment
4. sense_key=moment%1:07:00:: | definition=having important effects or influence | synonyms=consequence, import | examples=decisions of great consequence are made by the president himself; virtue is of more moment than security
5. sense_key=moment%1:19:00:: | definition=a turning force produced by an object acting at a distance (or a measure of that force)
6. sense_key=moment%1:09:00:: | definition=the n-th moment of a distribution is the expected value of the n-th power of the deviations from a fixed value

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) on the word "moment" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The sentence is: "The three of us stopped breathing for a <t>moment</t>, and then when it kept on coming we lunged for the doorway."
 - This describes a brief period of time where they stopped breathing due to the earthquake/shaking.
 - It's describing a short duration of time.

 Candidate sense analysis:
 1. sense_key=moment%1:28:00:: - "a particular point in time" - synonyms: minute, second, instant. Example: "the moment he arrived the party began"
    - This refers to a specific point in time, like an instant.

 2. sense_key=moment%1:28:01:: - "an indefinitely short time" - synonyms: mo, minute, second, bit. Examples: "wait just a moment; in a mo"
    - This refers to a brief duration/period of time.

 3. sense_key=moment%1:28:02:: - "at this time" - synonyms: here and now, present moment. Examples: "the disappointments of the here and now; she is studying at the moment"
    - This refers to the current time/present.

 4. sense_key=moment%1:07:00:: - "having important effects or influence" - synonyms: consequence, import
    - This is about importance/significance (as in "of great moment").

 5. sense_key=moment%1:19:00:: - physics term about turning force.

 6. sense_key=moment%1:09:00:: - statistics term about distribution.

 Context evaluation:
 - "stopped breathing for a moment" means they stopped breathing for a short period of time.
 - This matches sense 2: "an indefinitely short time"
 - The phrase "for a moment" typically means "for a short time" or "briefly"
 - Sense 1 focuses on a specific point (instant), but here it's about a duration (they stopped breathing for a period, then started again).
 - Sense 2 explicitly mentions "an indefinitely short time" which fits "for a moment" perfectly.
 - The examples for sense 2 include "wait just a moment" which is similar usage.

 However, looking closely at sense 1 vs sense 2:
 - Sense 1: "a particular point in time" - this is more about a specific instant (like "at that moment")
 - Sense 2: "an indefinitely short time" - this is about a brief duration

 "For a moment" indicates a duration, not just a point. They stopped breathing for a short duration.

 Therefore, sense 2 (index 2) is the best fit.

 Wait, let me double-check the indexing. The user lists:
 1. sense_key=moment%1:28:00::
 2. sense_key=moment%1:28:01::
 3. sense_key=moment%1:28:02::
 4. sense_key=moment%1:07:00::
 5. sense_key=moment%1:19:00::
 6. sense_key=moment%1:09:00::

 So index 2 corresponds to sense_key=moment%1:28:01:: "an indefinitely short time"

 Actually, looking at WordNet standard:
 - moment%1:28:00:: is usually "a particular point in time" (instant)
 - moment%1:28:01:: is usually "an indefinitely short time" (short duration)

 The phrase "for a moment" is classic for sense 2 (the short time/duration sense).

 Let me verify with the examples:
 - Sense 1 example: "the moment he arrived the party began" - this is a point in time (when he arrived)
 - Sense 2 examples: "wait just a moment; in a mo" - this is a short duration

 In the context: "stopped breathing for a moment" - this means they stopped breathing briefly, which is a short duration.

 So the answer should be index 2.

 But wait, I should also consider if it could be sense 1. "Stopped breathing for an instant" vs "stopped breathing for a short time". Both work, but "for a moment" is more commonly associated with the "short time" sense (sense 2) in WordNet.

 Actually, looking at WordNet more carefully:
 - Sense 1 (moment%1:28:00): "a particular point in time" - synonyms: minute, second, instant
 - Sense 2 (moment%1:28:01): "an indefinitely short time" - synonyms: mo, minute, second, bit

 The distinction is subtle. Sense 1 is about a specific point (the instant something happens). Sense 2 is about a brief duration.

 "For a moment" clearly indicates a duration (they held their breath for a short time). So sense 2 is correct.

 Final check: The user wants JSON format {"sense_index": 2}

 Wait, I need to make sure about the indexing. The user lists them as:
 1. sense_key=...
 2. sense_key=...
 etc.

 So I should return the number corresponding to the best sense.

 Sense 2 is "an indefinitely short time" which matches "for a moment" (a brief period).

 Yes, {"sense_index": 2}

provider: ModelRun


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: keep
Target surface form: kept
Context:
The Sunset -LCB- District -RCB- was more or less like a pajama party all evening, lots of people & dogs walking around, drinking beer. 6:50 a.m. CAROLG: I was just sitting down to meet with some new therapy clients, a couple, and the building started shaking like crazy. It's a flimsy structure, built up on supports, and it was really rocking around. The three of us stopped breathing for a moment, and then when it <t>kept</t> on coming we lunged for the doorway. Needless to say, it was an interesting first session!

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=keep%2:42:00:: | definition=keep in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., | synonyms=maintain, hold | examples=keep clean; hold in place
2. sense_key=keep%2:42:07:: | definition=continue a certain state, condition, or activity | synonyms=continue, go on, proceed, go along | examples=Keep on working!; We continued to work into the night
3. sense_key=keep%2:40:00:: | definition=retain possession of | synonyms=hold on | examples=Can I keep my old stuffed animals?; She kept her maiden name after she married
4. sense_key=keep%2:41:01:: | definition=stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state | synonyms=prevent | examples=We must prevent the cancer from spreading; His snoring kept me from falling asleep
5. sense_key=keep%2:41:03:: | definition=conform one's action or practice to | synonyms=observe | examples=keep appointments; she never keeps her promises
6. sense_key=keep%2:31:00:: | definition=stick to correctly or closely | synonyms=observe, maintain | examples=The pianist kept time with the metronome; keep count
7. sense_key=keep%2:40:01:: | definition=look after; be the keeper of; have charge of | examples=He keeps the shop when I am gone
8. sense_key=keep%2:32:00:: | definition=maintain by writing regular records | synonyms=maintain | examples=keep a diary; maintain a record
9. sense_key=keep%2:42:01:: | definition=supply with room and board | examples=He is keeping three women in the guest cottage; keep boarders
10. sense_key=keep%2:41:02:: | definition=allow to remain in a place or position or maintain a property or feature | synonyms=retain, continue, keep on | examples=We cannot continue several servants any longer; She retains a lawyer
11. sense_key=keep%2:34:00:: | definition=supply with necessities and support | synonyms=sustain, maintain | examples=She alone sustained her family; The money will sustain our good cause
12. sense_key=keep%2:42:03:: | definition=fail to spoil or rot | synonyms=stay fresh | examples=These potatoes keep for a long time
13. sense_key=keep%2:41:05:: | definition=behave as expected during of holidays or rites | synonyms=observe, celebrate | examples=Keep the commandments; celebrate Christmas
14. sense_key=keep%2:41:00:: | definition=keep under control; keep in check | synonyms=restrain, keep back, hold back | examples=suppress a smile; Keep your temper
15. sense_key=keep%2:42:02:: | definition=maintain in safety from injury, harm, or danger | synonyms=preserve | examples=May God keep you
16. sense_key=keep%2:42:12:: | definition=raise | examples=She keeps a few chickens in the yard; he keeps bees
17. sense_key=keep%2:40:09:: | definition=retain rights to | synonyms=keep open, hold open, save | examples=keep my job for me while I give birth; keep my seat, please
18. sense_key=keep%2:40:13:: | definition=store or keep customarily | examples=Where do you keep your gardening tools?
19. sense_key=keep%2:40:12:: | definition=have as a supply | examples=I always keep batteries in the freezer; keep food for a week in the pantry
20. sense_key=keep%2:40:10:: | definition=maintain for use and service | synonyms=maintain | examples=I keep a car in the countryside; She keeps an apartment in Paris for her shopping trips
21. sense_key=keep%2:35:10:: | definition=hold and prevent from leaving | examples=The student was kept after school
22. sense_key=keep%2:30:10:: | definition=prevent (food) from rotting | synonyms=preserve | examples=preserved meats; keep potatoes fresh

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "kept" (lemma: keep) in the given context.

Context analysis:
- The sentence is: "The three of us stopped breathing for a moment, and then when it <t>kept</t> on coming we lunged for the doorway."
- The "it" refers to the earthquake/shaking mentioned earlier ("the building started shaking like crazy").
- So the meaning is: when the shaking continued/persisted in coming/happening, they lunged for the doorway.
- The phrase "kept on coming" suggests continuation of an action or state.

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=keep%2:42:00:: | definition=keep in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., | synonyms=maintain, hold | examples=keep clean; hold in place
   - This is about maintaining something in a state. Not quite right for "kept on coming".

2. sense_key=keep%2:42:07:: | definition=continue a certain state, condition, or activity | synonyms=continue, go on, proceed, go along | examples=Keep on working!; We continued to work into the night
   - This looks promising. "Keep on" is explicitly mentioned in the examples. The definition mentions continuing a state, condition, or activity. The earthquake shaking continuing fits here.

3. sense_key=keep%2:40:00:: | definition=retain possession of | synonyms=hold on | examples=Can I keep my old stuffed animals?; She kept her maiden name after she married
   - This is about possession/retention of objects. Not applicable.

4. sense_key=keep%2:41:01:: | definition=stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state | synonyms=prevent | examples=We must prevent the cancer from spreading; His snoring kept me from falling asleep
   - This is about prevention. Not applicable.

5. sense_key=keep%2:41:03:: | definition=conform one's action or practice to | synonyms=observe | examples=keep appointments; she never keeps her promises
   - Not applicable.

6. sense_key=keep%2:31:00:: | definition=stick to correctly or closely | synonyms=observe, maintain | examples=The pianist kept time with the metronome; keep count
   - Not applicable.

7. sense_key=keep%2:40:01:: | definition=look after; be the keeper of; have charge of | examples=He keeps the shop when I am gone
   - Not applicable.

8. sense_key=keep%2:32:00:: | definition=maintain by writing regular records | synonyms=maintain | examples=keep a diary; maintain a record
   - Not applicable.

9. sense_key=keep%2:42:01:: | definition=supply with room and board | examples=He is keeping three women in the guest cottage; keep boarders
   - Not applicable.

10. sense_key=keep%2:41:02:: | definition=allow to remain in a place or position or maintain a property or feature | synonyms=retain, continue, keep on | examples=We cannot continue several servants any longer; She retains a lawyer
    - This has "keep on" as a synonym, but the definition is about allowing to remain in a place/position or maintaining a property. The example "We cannot continue several servants" suggests continuing employment. But "kept on coming" is more about the continuation of the action itself, not maintaining someone in a position.

11. sense_key=keep%2:34:00:: | definition=supply with necessities and support | synonyms=sustain, maintain | examples=She alone sustained her family; The money will sustain our good cause
    - Not applicable.

12. sense_key=keep%2:42:03:: | definition=fail to spoil or rot | synonyms=stay fresh | examples=These potatoes keep for a long time
    - Not applicable.

13. sense_key=keep%2:41:05:: | definition=behave as expected during of holidays or rites | synonyms=observe, celebrate | examples=Keep the commandments; celebrate Christmas
    - Not applicable.

14. sense_key=keep%2:41:00:: | definition=keep under control; keep in check | synonyms=restrain, keep back, hold back | examples=suppress a smile; Keep your temper
    - Not applicable.

15. sense_key=keep%2:42:02:: | definition=maintain in safety from injury, harm, or danger | synonyms=preserve | examples=May God keep you
    - Not applicable.

16. sense_key=keep%2:42:12:: | definition=raise | examples=She keeps a few chickens in the yard; he keeps bees
    - Not applicable.

17. sense_key=keep%2:40:09:: | definition=retain rights to | synonyms=keep open, hold open, save | examples=keep my job for me while I give birth; keep my seat, please
    - Not applicable.

18. sense_key=keep%2:40:13:: | definition=store or keep customarily | examples=Where do you keep your gardening tools?
    - Not applicable.

19. sense_key=keep%2:40:12:: | definition=have as a supply | examples=I always keep batteries in the freezer; keep food for a week in the pantry
    - Not applicable.

20. sense_key=keep%2:40:10:: | definition=maintain for use and service | synonyms=maintain | examples=I keep a car in the countryside; She keeps an apartment in Paris for her shopping trips
    - Not applicable.

21. sense_key=keep%2:35:10:: | definition=hold and prevent from leaving | examples=The student was kept after school
    - Not applicable.

22. sense_key=keep%2:30:10:: | definition=prevent (food) from rotting | synonyms=preserve | examples=preserved meats; keep potatoes fresh
    - Not applicable.

Between sense 2 and sense 10:
- Sense 2: "continue a certain state, condition, or activity" - examples include "Keep on working!"
- Sense 10: "allow to remain in a place or position or maintain a property or feature" - synonyms include "continue, keep on"

The phrase "kept on coming" is an intransitive use where the subject "it" (the earthquake) is continuing to happen. Sense 2 specifically mentions "continue a certain state, condition, or activity" and has the example "Keep on working!" which matches the "keep on" construction.

Sense 10 seems to be more about retaining someone in a position (like keeping servants) or maintaining a property, which is transitive.

In "it kept on coming", the meaning is clearly about the continuation of the shaking/earthquake. This aligns best with sense 2.

Wait, let me double-check the WordNet sense keys to make sure I understand the indexing correctly. The user lists them as 1, 2, 3... but the sense keys have specific codes. The user wants the "sense_index" which corresponds to the number in the list (1-22).

So sense_index 2 corresponds to sense_key=keep%2:42:07::.

Let me verify:
- "Keep on working!" is a clear example of continuing an activity.
- "when it kept on coming" = when it continued coming/persisted in coming.

Yes, sense 2 is the best fit.

Actually, looking closely at sense 10: "allow to remain in a place or position or maintain a property or feature" - this could potentially fit "keep on" in some contexts, but the examples "We cannot continue several servants any longer" suggests continuing to employ them, and "She retains a lawyer" suggests keeping them employed/retained. This is different from an intransitive "keep on" where the subject continues to do something.

Sense 2 is explicitly about continuing a state, condition, or activity, which is exactly what the earthquake is doing - continuing its activity (shaking/coming).

Therefore, the answer is sense_index 2.

provider: Chutes


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: come
Target surface form: coming
Context:
The Sunset -LCB- District -RCB- was more or less like a pajama party all evening, lots of people & dogs walking around, drinking beer. 6:50 a.m. CAROLG: I was just sitting down to meet with some new therapy clients, a couple, and the building started shaking like crazy. It's a flimsy structure, built up on supports, and it was really rocking around. The three of us stopped breathing for a moment, and then when it kept on <t>coming</t> we lunged for the doorway. Needless to say, it was an interesting first session!

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=come%2:38:00:: | definition=move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody | synonyms=come up | examples=He came singing down the road; Come with me to the Casbah
2. sense_key=come%2:38:04:: | definition=reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress | synonyms=arrive, get | examples=She arrived home at 7 o'clock; She didn't get to Chicago until after midnight
3. sense_key=come%2:30:01:: | definition=come to pass; arrive, as in due course | examples=The first success came three days later; It came as a shock
4. sense_key=come%2:30:03:: | definition=reach or enter a state, relation, condition, use, or position | examples=The water came to a boil; We came to understand the true meaning of life
5. sense_key=come%2:42:04:: | definition=to be the product or result | synonyms=follow | examples=Melons come from a vine; Understanding comes from experience
6. sense_key=come%2:30:02:: | definition=be found or available | examples=These shoes come in three colors; The furniture comes unassembled
7. sense_key=come%2:42:13:: | definition=come forth | synonyms=issue forth | examples=A scream came from the woman's mouth; His breath came hard
8. sense_key=come%2:42:09:: | definition=be a native of | synonyms=hail | examples=She hails from Kalamazoo
9. sense_key=come%2:42:03:: | definition=extend or reach | examples=The water came up to my waist; The sleeves come to your knuckles
10. sense_key=come%2:42:05:: | definition=exist or occur in a certain point in a series | examples=Next came the student from France
11. sense_key=come%2:38:03:: | definition=cover a certain distance | examples=She came a long way
12. sense_key=come%2:42:00:: | definition=come under, be classified or included | synonyms=fall | examples=fall into a category; This comes under a new heading
13. sense_key=come%2:30:13:: | definition=happen as a result | examples=Nothing good will come of this
14. sense_key=come%2:42:12:: | definition=add up in number or quantity | synonyms=total, number, add up, amount | examples=The bills amounted to $2,000; The bill came to $2,000
15. sense_key=come%2:42:11:: | definition=develop into | synonyms=add up, amount | examples=This idea will never amount to anything; nothing came of his grandiose plans
16. sense_key=come%2:38:02:: | definition=be received | synonyms=come in | examples=News came in of the massacre in Rwanda
17. sense_key=come%2:31:14:: | definition=come to one's mind; suggest itself | synonyms=occur | examples=It occurred to me that we should hire another secretary; A great idea then came to her
18. sense_key=come%2:42:15:: | definition=come from; be connected by a relationship of blood, for example | synonyms=derive, descend | examples=She was descended from an old Italian noble family; he comes from humble origins
19. sense_key=come%2:42:02:: | definition=proceed or get along | synonyms=do, fare, make out, get along | examples=How is she doing in her new job?; How are you making out in graduate school?
20. sense_key=come%2:39:00:: | definition=experience orgasm | examples=she could not come because she was too upset
21. sense_key=come%2:31:13:: | definition=have a certain priority | examples=My family comes first

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) on the word "coming" (which is a form of the lemma "come") in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 The text describes an earthquake scenario. The speaker was meeting with clients when the building started shaking. They stopped breathing for a moment, and then "when it kept on coming we lunged for the doorway."

 Here, "it" refers to the earthquake/shaking. The phrase "kept on coming" suggests the earthquake continued to approach or continue happening.

 Let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=come%2:38:00:: | definition=move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody | synonyms=come up | examples=He came singing down the road; Come with me to the Casbah
    - This is about physical movement toward a destination. The earthquake/shaking is approaching them or continuing to happen/move toward them.

 2. sense_key=come%2:38:04:: | definition=reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress | synonyms=arrive, get | examples=She arrived home at 7 o'clock; She didn't get to Chicago until after midnight
    - This is about arriving at a destination. The earthquake didn't arrive at a destination in this context; it's continuing.

 3. sense_key=come%2:30:01:: | definition=come to pass; arrive, as in due course | examples=The first success came three days later; It came as a shock
    - This is about events happening. While an earthquake is an event, "kept on coming" suggests continuity of motion/force, not just the event occurring.

 4. sense_key=come%2:30:03:: | definition=reach or enter a state, relation, condition, use, or position | examples=The water came to a boil; We came to understand the true meaning of life
    - Not fitting here.

 5. sense_key=come%2:42:04:: | definition=to be the product or result | synonyms=follow | examples=Melons come from a vine; Understanding comes from experience
    - Not fitting.

 6. sense_key=come%2:30:02:: | definition=be found or available | examples=These shoes come in three colors; The furniture comes unassembled
    - Not fitting.

 7. sense_key=come%2:42:13:: | definition=come forth | synonyms=issue forth | examples=A scream came from the woman's mouth; His breath came hard
    - This is about issuing forth, but "kept on coming" in the context of an earthquake shaking suggests the motion of the earthquake waves continuing to hit/approach them.

 8. sense_key=come%2:42:09:: | definition=be a native of | synonyms=hail | examples=She hails from Kalamazoo
    - Not fitting.

 9. sense_key=come%2:42:03:: | definition=extend or reach | examples=The water came up to my waist; The sleeves come to your knuckles
    - Not fitting.

 10. sense_key=come%2:42:05:: | definition=exist or occur in a certain point in a series | examples=Next came the student from France
    - Not fitting.

 11. sense_key=come%2:38:03:: | definition=cover a certain distance | examples=She came a long way
    - Not fitting.

 12. sense_key=come%2:42:00:: | definition=come under, be classified or included | synonyms=fall | examples=fall into a category; This comes under a new heading
    - Not fitting.

 13. sense_key=come%2:30:13:: | definition=happen as a result | examples=Nothing good will come of this
    - Not fitting.

 14. sense_key=come%2:42:12:: | definition=add up in number or quantity | synonyms=total, number, add up, amount | examples=The bills amounted to $2,000; The bill came to $2,000
    - Not fitting.

 15. sense_key=come%2:42:11:: | definition=develop into | synonyms=add up, amount | examples=This idea will never amount to anything; nothing came of his grandiose plans
    - Not fitting.

 16. sense_key=come%2:38:02:: | definition=be received | synonyms=come in | examples=News came in of the massacre in Rwanda
    - Not fitting.

 17. sense_key=come%2:31:14:: | definition=come to one's mind; suggest itself | synonyms=occur | examples=It occurred to me that we should hire another secretary; A great idea then came to her
    - Not fitting.

 18. sense_key=come%2:42:15:: | definition=come from; be connected by a relationship of blood, for example | synonyms=derive, descend | examples=She was descended from an old Italian noble family; he comes from humble origins
    - Not fitting.

 19. sense_key=come%2:42:02:: | definition=proceed or get along | synonyms=do, fare, make out, get along | examples=How is she doing in her new job?; How are you making out in graduate school?
    - Not fitting.

 20. sense_key=come%2:39:00:: | definition=experience orgasm | examples=she could not come because she was too upset
    - Not fitting.

 21. sense_key=come%2:31:13:: | definition=have a certain priority | examples=My family comes first
    - Not fitting.

 The most likely candidates are sense 1 or sense 3.

 Sense 1: "move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody"
 - The earthquake is moving toward them or affecting them. The shaking is continuing to come (approach/hit them).

 Sense 3: "come to pass; arrive, as in due course"
 - This is about events happening. "When it kept on coming" could mean when the earthquake kept on happening.

 However, looking at the context: "the building started shaking like crazy... and then when it kept on coming we lunged for the doorway."

 The "it" refers to the shaking/earthquake. The shaking was continuing to affect them. In the context of earthquakes, we often say "the earthquake kept coming" or "aftershocks kept coming" meaning they continued to arrive/occur.

 But let's look at the examples for sense 1: "He came singing down the road" - this is movement toward the speaker.
 For sense 3: "The first success came three days later; It came as a shock" - this is about events occurring.

 In the sentence "when it kept on coming", "it" is the earthquake/shaking. The earthquake is an event that is continuing to happen. However, there's also a physical motion component - the seismic waves are moving toward/through their location.

 But actually, looking closely at the context: "when it kept on coming" - this is similar to "when the earthquake kept coming/continued".

 Let me reconsider sense 7: "come forth" | "issue forth" | examples: "A scream came from the woman's mouth"
 This is about emanating from a source.

 But for an earthquake, "kept on coming" usually means it continued to occur or the shaking continued.

 Actually, looking at sense 3 again: "come to pass; arrive, as in due course"
 Examples: "The first success came three days later; It came as a shock"

 And sense 1: "move toward... approach"
 Examples: "He came singing down the road"

 In the context of "when it kept on coming", where "it" is the earthquake/shaking, I think the intended meaning is that the earthquake continued to happen/occur. However, there's a strong physical component - the shaking continued to affect them, approaching them or continuing to move through.

 But wait, "kept on coming" is an idiom often meaning "continued to happen" or "continued to approach". In the context of a disaster like an earthquake, it means the shaking didn't stop.

 Let me look at WordNet sense 1 vs sense 3 more carefully.

 Sense 1 (come%2:38:00::) is under verb.motion: move toward, travel toward something or somebody...
 Sense 3 (come%2:30:01::) is under verb.change: come to pass; arrive, as in due course

 The context mentions the building shaking and rocking around. When they say "when it kept on coming", they mean when the earthquake kept continuing/approaching/hitting them.

 Actually, looking at similar usages: "The storm kept coming" - this would be sense 1 (moving toward), while "Success kept coming" would be sense 3.

 But for an earthquake, which physically moves through the ground and shakes the building, sense 1 (motion toward) seems appropriate because the seismic waves are literally moving toward and through their location.

 However, there's another possibility. Sense 7: "come forth" - "A scream came from the woman's mouth". But that's about originating from a source.

 Let me think about the phrase "kept on coming". If we say "The earthquake kept on coming", we mean it continued to occur. But looking at the specific WordNet senses, sense 3 "come to pass; arrive, as in due course" covers events happening. Example: "It came as a shock".

 But sense 1 is very general: "move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody".

 Actually, looking at the examples for sense 1: "He came singing down the road; Come with me to the Casbah" - these are about people moving.

 For an earthquake, saying "it kept on coming" is treating the earthquake as something that approaches or continues to affect them.

 I think sense 1 is the best fit because:
 1. The earthquake is conceptualized as something moving toward them (the seismic waves approaching)
 2. The physical motion aspect is emphasized in the context (building shaking, rocking around)
 3. "Kept on coming" implies continuous motion/approach

 However, sense 3 could also work for events: "The first success came three days later" - events arriving/happening.

 But looking at the distinction: Sense 1 is motion toward (physical movement), Sense 3 is events happening/occurring.

 Given that the context describes physical shaking of a building, and they lunged for the doorway (physical action to escape the physical movement), Sense 1 seems more appropriate.

 Wait, I should check if there's a specific sense for "continue" or "happen". Looking through the list, I don't see "continue" explicitly.

 Actually, looking at sense 3 again: "come to pass; arrive, as in due course". The example "It came as a shock" is about an event occurring.

 In the sentence "when it kept on coming", "it" refers to the shaking/earthquake. This is an ongoing event.

 But let's look at the exact wording: "when it kept on coming we lunged for the doorway". This suggests that as the earthquake continued (to affect them/approach them), they reacted.

 I think I'm overthinking this. Let me look at the most likely candidates:

 Candidate 1: Physical movement toward (the earthquake waves keep arriving/approaching)
 Candidate 3: Event occurring (the earthquake keeps happening)

 In many WSD datasets, "come" in the sense of events occurring (like "Christmas is coming") is often sense 1 (movement toward future time?), but here sense 3 seems to be "come to pass" which is about occurring, not necessarily approaching in time.

 Actually, looking at WordNet structure:
 - come%2:38:00:: is the first sense, usually the most common, meaning "move toward"
 - come%2:30:01:: is "come to pass"

 For "the earthquake kept coming", I think the intended sense is that the earthquake continued to occur. But does WordNet distinguish this?

 Let me reconsider the context. The full phrase is: "when it kept on coming"
 "Keep on coming" is often used for things that continue to approach or arrive. "Trouble keeps on coming" - could be sense 3 (events) or sense 1 (metaphorical movement).

 But given the options, and that sense 1 is the primary physical motion sense, and the context involves physical shaking and physical reaction (lunging), sense 1 seems best.

 However, I want to check sense 7 again: "come forth" - examples: "His breath came hard". This is about emanating.

 And sense 16: "be received" - "News came in"

 Actually, looking at the example for sense 1: "Come with me to the Casbah" - this is invitation to move toward a destination.

 For "the earthquake kept coming", if we treat the earthquake as an agent moving toward them, it's sense 1. If we treat it as an event occurring, it might be sense 3.

 But looking at the specific context clues: "the building started shaking... and then when it kept on coming"
 The "it" refers to the shaking/earthquake. The shaking was continuing.

 Actually, looking at WordNet sense 3 examples: "The first success came three days later; It came as a shock". These are punctual events. An earthquake shaking is a process.

 Sense 1 covers "move toward", which can be continuous.

 I think the answer is sense 1.

 Wait, let me reconsider. Is there a sense about "continue" or "happen"?

 Looking at the list again:
 - sense 3: come to pass; arrive, as in due course
 - sense 13: happen as a result
 - sense 30 (not listed): maybe "come about"? No, I only have these 21.

 Actually, looking at the sentence structure: "when it kept on coming"
 This is similar to "when the rain kept on coming" or "when the waves kept on coming".

 For waves, "kept on coming" would be sense 1 (moving toward shore).
 For rain, "kept on coming" would be sense 1 (falling/moving toward ground) or sense 3 (continuing to occur).

 But given the physicality of the context (lunging for doorway), and that earthquakes are physical phenomena moving through space, sense 1 is the best fit.

 Therefore: sense_index: 1

 But I should double-check if there's any other sense that fits "continue" better.

 Sense 10: "exist or occur in a certain point in a series" - "Next came the student from France" - this is about sequence, not continuation of the same thing.

 Sense 3 is the only one about events happening, but it seems more about punctual arrival ("came as a shock") rather than continuous process ("kept on coming").

 Therefore, sense 1 is the best choice: move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody.

 The earthquake is approaching/moving toward/affecting them continuously.

 Final check: The definition for sense 1 is "move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody". In the context, the earthquake (or the shaking) is approaching them or continuing to affect them as it moves through the area. This fits.

 Answer: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: say
Target surface form: say
Context:
6:50 a.m. CAROLG: I was just sitting down to meet with some new therapy clients, a couple, and the building started shaking like crazy. It's a flimsy structure, built up on supports, and it was really rocking around. The three of us stopped breathing for a moment, and then when it kept on coming we lunged for the doorway. Needless to <t>say</t>, it was an interesting first session! 7:13 a.m.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=say%2:32:00:: | definition=express in words | synonyms=state, tell | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you
2. sense_key=say%2:32:01:: | definition=report or maintain | synonyms=allege, aver | examples=He alleged that he was the victim of a crime; He said it was too late to intervene in the war
3. sense_key=say%2:32:03:: | definition=express a supposition | synonyms=suppose | examples=Let us say that he did not tell the truth; Let's say you had a lot of money--what would you do?
4. sense_key=say%2:42:00:: | definition=have or contain a certain wording or form | synonyms=read | examples=The passage reads as follows; What does the law say?
5. sense_key=say%2:32:04:: | definition=give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority | synonyms=order, tell, enjoin | examples=I said to him to go home; She ordered him to do the shopping
6. sense_key=say%2:32:02:: | definition=speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way | synonyms=pronounce, articulate, enounce, sound out, enunciate | examples=She pronounces French words in a funny way; I cannot say `zip wire'
7. sense_key=say%2:32:07:: | definition=communicate or express nonverbally | examples=What does this painting say?; Did his face say anything about how he felt?
8. sense_key=say%2:32:15:: | definition=utter aloud | examples=She said `Hello' to everyone in the office
9. sense_key=say%2:32:13:: | definition=state as one's opinion or judgement; declare | examples=I say let's forget this whole business
10. sense_key=say%2:32:08:: | definition=recite or repeat a fixed text | examples=Say grace; She said her `Hail Mary'
11. sense_key=say%2:32:09:: | definition=indicate | examples=The clock says noon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "say" in the given context.

Context analysis:
The sentence is: "Needless to <t>say</t>, it was an interesting first session!"

This is the idiom "needless to say", which means "it goes without saying" or "it is obvious". The phrase "needless to say" is used to indicate that something is obvious or self-evident.

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=say%2:32:00:: | definition=express in words | synonyms=state, tell | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you
   - This is the general sense of expressing something in words. "Needless to say" fits here as it means "it is unnecessary to express in words".

2. sense_key=say%2:32:01:: | definition=report or maintain | synonyms=allege, aver
   - This is about claiming or alleging something, which doesn't fit.

3. sense_key=say%2:32:03:: | definition=express a supposition | synonyms=suppose
   - This is about hypothesizing ("let's say"), not the idiom "needless to say".

4. sense_key=say%2:42:00:: | definition=have or contain a certain wording or form | synonyms=read
   - This is about how something is written/formulated, not applicable.

5. sense_key=say%2:32:04:: | definition=give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority | synonyms=order, tell, enjoin
   - This is about commanding, not applicable.

6. sense_key=say%2:32:02:: | definition=speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way | synonyms=pronounce, articulate, enounce, sound out, enunciate
   - This is about pronunciation, not applicable.

7. sense_key=say%2:32:07:: | definition=communicate or express nonverbally
   - This is about nonverbal communication, not applicable.

8. sense_key=say%2:32:15:: | definition=utter aloud
   - This is about speaking out loud, could be close but "needless to say" is more about the content than the physical act of uttering.

9. sense_key=say%2:32:13:: | definition=state as one's opinion or judgement; declare | examples=I say let's forget this whole business
   - This is about declaring opinions or making exclamations.

10. sense_key=say%2:32:08:: | definition=recite or repeat a fixed text
    - This is about reciting prayers, etc.

11. sense_key=say%2:32:09:: | definition=indicate
    - This is about signs indicating things.

The phrase "needless to say" is an idiom where "say" means to express in words or state. The closest sense is sense 1: "express in words".

However, looking at the specific usage in "needless to say", it's used to introduce an obvious statement. The verb "say" here is being used in the sense of "express in words" or "state".

Sense 1 (express in words) seems to be the best fit. The phrase means "it is unnecessary to express in words" or "it goes without stating".

Sense 9 (state as one's opinion or judgement; declare) could also be considered, but "needless to say" is more general than just opinions - it's about stating anything obvious.

Sense 1 is the most general and appropriate for this idiom. The idiom "needless to say" uses "say" in the sense of expressing something verbally or stating something.

Actually, looking more carefully at WordNet sense distinctions:
- Sense 1: express in words (general)
- Sense 9: state as one's opinion or judgement; declare

"Needless to say" is typically used to state something that is obvious. But the word "say" itself in this construction is just the general verb meaning "to express verbally".

Let me check if there's a specific sense for this idiom. The idiom "needless to say" is not specifically listed in the examples, but the structure "to say" where "say" means "express in words" fits sense 1.

Sense 1 examples: "He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you"
This is the general sense of verbal expression.

In "Needless to say", the meaning is "It is unnecessary to state/express". So sense 1 is correct.

Wait, I should check if sense 9 might be better. Sense 9 is "state as one's opinion or judgement; declare" with example "I say let's forget this whole business". This is more about the speaker asserting something.

"Needless to say" is not necessarily about an opinion or judgement - it's about stating something obvious. The content "it was an interesting first session" is an observation/commentary, but the phrase "needless to say" itself uses "say" in the general sense.

Actually, looking at the example for sense 9: "I say let's forget this whole business" - this is using "say" to introduce a proposal or opinion.

"Needless to say" is different - it's saying "it is unnecessary to mention". The verb "say" here is the general verb of speaking/expressing.

Therefore, sense 1 (express in words) is the best fit.

But let me reconsider. In the phrase "needless to say", is there a specific nuance?

The phrase means "it goes without saying" - i.e., it is so obvious that one doesn't need to verbalize it. So "say" = verbalize/express in words.

Sense 1: express in words - this is the hypernym/general sense.

Sense 8: utter aloud - this is about the physical act.

Sense 1 is better than sense 8 because "needless to say" isn't about the volume or physical utterance, but about the expression of the thought.

So I think sense 1 is correct.

Wait, I need to be careful. The user is asking for the "single best indexed sense". The senses are numbered 1-11 in the list, but the sense keys have different numbers (like 00, 01, 03, etc. in the WordNet sense key format).

The user wants me to return {"sense_index": X} where X is the index in the provided list (1-11).

So if I choose sense 1 from the list, I return {"sense_index": 1}.

Let me double-check the other senses to make sure I'm not missing something.

Sense 3: "express a supposition" - examples include "Let's say you had a lot of money". This is the hypothetical "say". "Needless to say" is not hypothetical.

Sense 4: "have or contain a certain wording" - "What does the law say?" - not applicable.

Sense 11: "indicate" - "The clock says noon" - not applicable.

Sense 7: "communicate nonverbally" - not applicable.

So it's between sense 1 and sense 9.

Sense 9: "state as one's opinion or judgement; declare"
Example: "I say let's forget this whole business"

In "I say...", the speaker is declaring their opinion.
In "Needless to say...", the speaker is stating that it is unnecessary to declare/mention something obvious.

But "needless to say" is a fixed idiom. The word "say" in this idiom functions as the general verb "to express verbally".

In WordNet, sense 1 is the most general sense: "express in words".
Sense 9 is more specific: stating opinions/judgements.

"Needless to say" can be followed by any obvious fact, not just opinions. "Needless to say, it was an interesting first session" - this is a comment/observation, arguably an opinion or assessment.

But the key is that "needless to say" means "it is unnecessary to state". The act of "saying" here is the general act of expressing in words.

I think sense 1 is the safest and most accurate choice.

Actually, looking at WordNet documentation and typical WSD datasets, "needless to say" is usually tagged with the first sense (express in words) or sometimes as an idiom, but among these options, sense 1 is the core verbal sense.

One more check: sense 2 is "report or maintain" (allege). Not right.
Sense 5 is "give instructions" (order). Not right.
Sense 6 is pronunciation. Not right.
Sense 10 is reciting fixed texts. Not right.

So yes, sense 1.

Final check: The context is someone describing an earthquake during a therapy session, then saying "Needless to say, it was an interesting first session!" This is a comment on the situation. The phrase "needless to say" introduces an obvious observation. The word "say" means "to express/state verbally".

Sense 1: express in words.

I'll go with sense_index: 1.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: session
Target surface form: session
Context:
6:50 a.m. CAROLG: I was just sitting down to meet with some new therapy clients, a couple, and the building started shaking like crazy. It's a flimsy structure, built up on supports, and it was really rocking around. The three of us stopped breathing for a moment, and then when it kept on coming we lunged for the doorway. Needless to say, it was an interesting first <t>session</t>! 7:13 a.m.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=session%1:10:00:: | definition=a meeting for execution of a group's functions | examples=it was the opening session of the legislature
2. sense_key=session%1:28:00:: | definition=the time during which a school holds classes | synonyms=school term, academic term, academic session | examples=they had to shorten the school term
3. sense_key=session%1:04:00:: | definition=a meeting devoted to a particular activity | examples=a filming session; a gossip session
4. sense_key=session%1:14:00:: | definition=a meeting of spiritualists | synonyms=seance, sitting | examples=the seance was held in the medium's parlor

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "session" in the given context.

Context analysis:
- The speaker (CAROLG) is a therapist meeting with new therapy clients (a couple)
- They were in a building that started shaking (earthquake)
- It was their "first session" together
- This refers to a therapy session - a meeting between a therapist and clients for the purpose of therapy

Candidate sense analysis:

1. session%1:10:00:: - "a meeting for execution of a group's functions"
   - Example: "it was the opening session of the legislature"
   - This seems to refer to formal meetings of groups like legislatures, councils, etc.
   - Not quite right for a therapy meeting between a therapist and clients

2. session%1:28:00:: - "the time during which a school holds classes"
   - Synonyms: school term, academic term, academic session
   - Clearly about academic/school sessions (semesters, terms)
   - Not relevant here

3. session%1:04:00:: - "a meeting devoted to a particular activity"
   - Examples: "a filming session; a gossip session"
   - This fits well - a therapy session is a meeting devoted to the activity of therapy
   - The context mentions "therapy clients" and meeting with them, so this is a therapy session

4. session%1:14:00:: - "a meeting of spiritualists"
   - Synonyms: seance, sitting
   - Specifically about spiritualist meetings/seances
   - Not relevant for therapy

Sense 3 is the best fit. The context describes a therapeutic meeting ("therapy clients", "couple", "first session"), which is a meeting devoted to the particular activity of therapy. While sense 1 is about group functions, sense 3 is more general about meetings devoted to particular activities, which includes therapy sessions, photo sessions, recording sessions, etc.

The definition "a meeting devoted to a particular activity" with examples like "a filming session" aligns with how "therapy session" is commonly used - it's a meeting devoted to the activity of therapy.

Therefore, the answer should be sense_index: 3.

provider: Moonshot AI


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: trouble
Target surface form: trouble
Context:
The three of us stopped breathing for a moment, and then when it kept on coming we lunged for the doorway. Needless to say, it was an interesting first session! 7:13 a.m. CALLIOPE: Albany escaped embarrassingly unscathed. Biggest <t>trouble</t> was scared family who couldn't get a phone line through, and spent a really horrible hour not knowing. 8:01 a.m.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=trouble%1:09:00:: | definition=a source of difficulty | synonyms=problem | examples=one trouble after another delayed the job; what's the problem?
2. sense_key=trouble%1:11:01:: | definition=an angry disturbance | synonyms=fuss, bother, hassle | examples=he didn't want to make a fuss; they had labor trouble
3. sense_key=trouble%1:11:00:: | definition=an event causing distress or pain | examples=what is the trouble?; heart trouble
4. sense_key=trouble%1:04:02:: | definition=an effort that is inconvenient | synonyms=difficulty | examples=I went to a lot of trouble; he won without any trouble
5. sense_key=trouble%1:12:03:: | definition=a strong feeling of anxiety | synonyms=worry | examples=his worry over the prospect of being fired; it is not work but worry that kills
6. sense_key=trouble%1:26:02:: | definition=an unwanted pregnancy | examples=he got several girls in trouble

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "trouble" in the given context.

Context analysis:
- The text describes a situation where "Albany escaped embarrassingly unscathed"
- The "Biggest trouble was scared family who couldn't get a phone line through"
- This refers to a specific difficulty or problem that occurred (the family being scared and unable to get a phone line)

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=trouble%1:09:00:: | definition=a source of difficulty | synonyms=problem | examples=one trouble after another delayed the job; what's the problem?
   - This seems to fit well. The "scared family" is described as the biggest source of difficulty/problem in an otherwise unscathed situation.

2. sense_key=trouble%1:11:01:: | definition=an angry disturbance | synonyms=fuss, bother, hassle | examples=he didn't want to make a fuss; they had labor trouble
   - This implies more of a commotion or disturbance, often angry. The context doesn't suggest anger or disturbance, but rather a problem/difficulty.

3. sense_key=trouble%1:11:00:: | definition=an event causing distress or pain | examples=what is the trouble?; heart trouble
   - This refers to distress or pain events. While the family was scared, the usage here seems to be referring to the family situation as the main problem/difficulty, not specifically an event causing distress in the medical or distress sense.

4. sense_key=trouble%1:04:02:: | definition=an effort that is inconvenient | synonyms=difficulty | examples=I went to a lot of trouble; he won without any trouble
   - This refers to inconvenience or effort. The context isn't about effort or inconvenience taken, but about a problematic situation.

5. sense_key=trouble%1:12:03:: | definition=a strong feeling of anxiety | synonyms=worry | examples=his worry over the prospect of being fired; it is not work but worry that kills
   - This is about the feeling itself. While the family was scared, the "trouble" here refers to the situation/problem, not the emotion itself.

6. sense_key=trouble%1:26:02:: | definition=an unwanted pregnancy | examples=he got several girls in trouble
   - Clearly not applicable here.

Between sense 1 and sense 3:
- Sense 1: "a source of difficulty" - the family situation is presented as the main difficulty/problem in the otherwise unscathed scenario.
- Sense 3: "an event causing distress or pain" - could fit, but the examples given ("what is the trouble?"; "heart trouble") suggest either asking about the problem or medical conditions.

The phrase "Biggest trouble was..." suggests identifying the main problem/source of difficulty. The family being scared and unable to get a phone line is the main "source of difficulty" in the situation. This aligns well with sense 1, which has the synonym "problem" and examples like "one trouble after another delayed the job; what's the problem?"

Also, looking at the structure: "Biggest trouble was scared family..." - this treats "trouble" as a countable noun referring to a specific problem (the family situation), which matches sense 1 (a source of difficulty).

Sense 3 would be more like "heart trouble" or asking "what is the trouble?" (what is the matter/distressing event).

Therefore, sense 1 (index 1) is the best choice.

Wait, let me double-check the indexing. The user lists:
1. sense_key=trouble%1:09:00::
2. sense_key=trouble%1:11:01::
3. sense_key=trouble%1:11:00::
4. sense_key=trouble%1:04:02::
5. sense_key=trouble%1:12:03::
6. sense_key=trouble%1:26:02::

So the index for the first one is 1.

The answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: spend
Target surface form: spent
Context:
The three of us stopped breathing for a moment, and then when it kept on coming we lunged for the doorway. Needless to say, it was an interesting first session! 7:13 a.m. CALLIOPE: Albany escaped embarrassingly unscathed. Biggest trouble was scared family who couldn't get a phone line through, and <t>spent</t> a really horrible hour not knowing. 8:01 a.m.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=spend%2:42:00:: | definition=pass time in a specific way | synonyms=pass | examples=how are you spending your summer vacation?
2. sense_key=spend%2:40:00:: | definition=pay out | synonyms=expend, drop | examples=spend money
3. sense_key=spend%2:40:01:: | definition=spend completely | examples=I spend my pocket money in two days

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "spent" (lemma: spend) in the given context.

Context analysis:
- The sentence is: "Biggest trouble was scared family who couldn't get a phone line through, and spent a really horrible hour not knowing."
- The family "spent a really horrible hour" - this refers to passing time in a specific way.
- They spent this time "not knowing" (presumably not knowing if their loved ones were safe, given the context about Albany escaping unscathed and scared family).

Candidate senses:
1. spend%2:42:00:: - pass time in a specific way | synonyms=pass | examples=how are you spending your summer vacation?
2. spend%2:40:00:: - pay out | synonyms=expend, drop | examples=spend money
3. spend%2:40:01:: - spend completely | examples=I spend my pocket money in two days

Analysis:
- Sense 1 is about passing time. The context mentions "spent a really horrible hour" - this clearly refers to the passage of time. The family passed/spent an hour in a state of not knowing.
- Sense 2 is about paying money/expending resources. There's no mention of money or financial expenditure here.
- Sense 3 is about spending completely (using up resources entirely). Again, this doesn't fit because "hour" is a unit of time, not a resource being used up completely in the sense of depletion (though one could argue time is a resource, the specific sense 3 seems to focus on depletion of consumables like money).

The phrase "spent a really horrible hour" parallels the example "how are you spending your summer vacation?" - both refer to the passage of time.

Therefore, sense 1 (spend%2:42:00::) is the correct choice.

The user wants the output as: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: hour
Target surface form: hour
Context:
The three of us stopped breathing for a moment, and then when it kept on coming we lunged for the doorway. Needless to say, it was an interesting first session! 7:13 a.m. CALLIOPE: Albany escaped embarrassingly unscathed. Biggest trouble was scared family who couldn't get a phone line through, and spent a really horrible <t>hour</t> not knowing. 8:01 a.m.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=hour%1:28:00:: | definition=a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day | synonyms=hr, 60 minutes | examples=the job will take more than an hour
2. sense_key=hour%1:28:01:: | definition=clock time | synonyms=time of day | examples=the hour is getting late
3. sense_key=hour%1:28:02:: | definition=a special and memorable period | examples=it was their finest hour
4. sense_key=hour%1:07:00:: | definition=distance measured by the time taken to cover it | synonyms=minute | examples=we live an hour from the airport; its just 10 minutes away

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "hour" in the given context.

Context analysis:
- The text mentions "spent a really horrible hour not knowing"
- This refers to a duration of time (60 minutes) that the family spent waiting/not knowing
- It's describing a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=hour%1:28:00:: | definition=a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day | synonyms=hr, 60 minutes | examples=the job will take more than an hour
   - This fits perfectly. The family spent a period of time (60 minutes) in a state of not knowing/scared.

2. sense_key=hour%1:28:01:: | definition=clock time | synonyms=time of day | examples=the hour is getting late
   - This refers to a specific time on the clock (like "3 o'clock"), not a duration. The context is about a duration spent waiting, not a specific clock time.

3. sense_key=hour%1:28:02:: | definition=a special and memorable period | examples=it was their finest hour
   - This is metaphorical/special period (like "hour of need", "finest hour"). While the hour was horrible/memorable, this sense is typically used for significant historical moments or specific metaphorical periods, not just a literal 60-minute wait. The example "it was their finest hour" suggests this is about a defining moment, not just any 60-minute interval.

4. sense_key=hour%1:07:00:: | definition=distance measured by the time taken to cover it | synonyms=minute | examples=we live an hour from the airport
   - This is used for distance (like "an hour away"). The context is not about distance, but about time spent in a state of anxiety.

The best fit is sense 1: "a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day" (60 minutes). The family spent approximately 60 minutes (an hour) not knowing what was happening, which was a horrible duration of time.

The JSON output should be: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: know
Target surface form: knowing
Context:
The three of us stopped breathing for a moment, and then when it kept on coming we lunged for the doorway. Needless to say, it was an interesting first session! 7:13 a.m. CALLIOPE: Albany escaped embarrassingly unscathed. Biggest trouble was scared family who couldn't get a phone line through, and spent a really horrible hour not <t>knowing</t>. 8:01 a.m.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=know%2:31:01:: | definition=be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about | synonyms=cognize, cognise | examples=I know that the President lied to the people; I want to know who is winning the game!
2. sense_key=know%2:31:03:: | definition=know how to do or perform something | examples=She knows how to knit; Does your husband know how to cook?
3. sense_key=know%2:31:02:: | definition=be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt | examples=I know that I left the key on the table; Galileo knew that the earth moves around the sun
4. sense_key=know%2:31:00:: | definition=be familiar or acquainted with a person or an object | examples=She doesn't know this composer; Do you know my sister?
5. sense_key=know%2:31:04:: | definition=have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations | synonyms=experience, live | examples=I know the feeling!; have you ever known hunger?
6. sense_key=know%2:31:06:: | definition=accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority | synonyms=acknowledge, recognize, recognise | examples=The Crown Prince was acknowledged as the true heir to the throne; We do not recognize your gods
7. sense_key=know%2:31:15:: | definition=have fixed in the mind | examples=I know Latin; This student knows her irregular verbs
8. sense_key=know%2:35:00:: | definition=have sexual intercourse with | synonyms=sleep together, roll in the hay, love, make out, make love, sleep with | examples=This student sleeps with everyone in her dorm; Adam knew Eve
9. sense_key=know%2:31:11:: | definition=know the nature or character of | examples=we all knew her as a big show-off
10. sense_key=know%2:31:12:: | definition=be able to distinguish, recognize as being different | examples=The child knows right from wrong
11. sense_key=know%2:31:14:: | definition=perceive as familiar | examples=I know this voice!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "knowing" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The sentence is: "Biggest trouble was scared family who couldn't get a phone line through, and spent a really horrible hour not knowing."
 - The family is scared because they couldn't get a phone line through (likely during/after a disaster/event mentioned earlier - "Albany escaped embarrassingly unscathed").
 - They spent a horrible hour "not knowing" - meaning they lacked information about something, likely about the safety of loved ones or the situation.
 - The sense here is about possessing information or being aware of facts/information.

 Candidate sense analysis:
 1. sense_key=know%2:31:01:: | definition=be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about | synonyms=cognize, cognise | examples=I know that the President lied to the people; I want to know who is winning the game!
    - This fits: "not knowing" means not possessing knowledge/information about what was happening or about their loved ones' safety.

 2. sense_key=know%2:31:03:: | definition=know how to do or perform something | examples=She knows how to knit...
    - Doesn't fit: Not about knowing how to do something.

 3. sense_key=know%2:31:02:: | definition=be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt | examples=I know that I left the key on the table...
    - This is close but emphasizes "truth" and "belief/faith beyond doubt". The context here is more about lacking information/possessing knowledge, not necessarily about truth or belief.

 4. sense_key=know%2:31:00:: | definition=be familiar or acquainted with a person or an object | examples=She doesn't know this composer...
    - Doesn't fit: Not about familiarity with a person/object.

 5. sense_key=know%2:31:04:: | definition=have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations | synonyms=experience, live | examples=I know the feeling!...
    - Doesn't fit: Not about experiencing something firsthand.

 6. sense_key=know%2:31:06:: | definition=accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority | synonyms=acknowledge...
    - Doesn't fit.

 7. sense_key=know%2:31:15:: | definition=have fixed in the mind | examples=I know Latin...
    - Doesn't fit: Not about having information memorized.

 8. sense_key=know%2:35:00:: | definition=have sexual intercourse with...
    - Obviously doesn't fit.

 9. sense_key=know%2:31:11:: | definition=know the nature or character of...
    - Doesn't fit.

 10. sense_key=know%2:31:12:: | definition=be able to distinguish, recognize as being different...
    - Doesn't fit.

 11. sense_key=know%2:31:14:: | definition=perceive as familiar...
    - Doesn't fit.

 Between sense 1 and sense 3:
 - Sense 1: "be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about"
 - Sense 3: "be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt"

 The context "not knowing" in this sentence refers to not having information about what was happening (the situation, the safety of others). It's about lacking knowledge/information, not about lacking belief in a truth. The family couldn't get a phone line, so they didn't know what was going on - they lacked information.

 Sense 1 is the best fit because it emphasizes possessing knowledge or information about something. The family spent an hour not possessing knowledge/information about the situation (likely the safety of family members or the extent of the damage).

 Sense 3 is more about epistemic certainty - knowing that something is true. While related, the context here is about information access (not knowing what was happening because they couldn't communicate), not about truth or belief.

 Therefore, the best sense is sense 1 (index 1).

 Wait, I need to check the indexing. The user lists:
 1. sense_key=know%2:31:01::
 2. sense_key=know%2:31:03::
 3. sense_key=know%2:31:02::
 4. sense_key=know%2:31:00::
 5. sense_key=know%2:31:04::
 ...

 So the index is the number at the beginning of each candidate sense entry.

 Sense 1 is index 1.
 Sense 2 is index 2.
 Sense 3 is index 3.

 I should return {"sense_index": 1}.

 Let me double-check:
 - "spent a really horrible hour not knowing" - they didn't know what was happening, they lacked information.
 - This matches sense 1: "possess knowledge or information about"
 - It doesn't match sense 3 which is about "be aware of the truth of something" - the issue isn't that they didn't know whether something was true, but that they didn't have information at all.

 Yes, sense 1 is correct.

provider: DeepInfra