[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: do
Target surface form: doing
Context:
In races for the White House, a voter's incentive, at the margin, is to lean Republican. Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator <t>doing</t> likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=do%2:41:01:: | definition=engage in | synonyms=make | examples=make love, not war; make an effort
2. sense_key=do%2:36:01:: | definition=carry out or perform an action | synonyms=perform, execute | examples=John did the painting, the weeding, and he cleaned out the gutters; the skater executed a triple pirouette
3. sense_key=do%2:41:04:: | definition=get (something) done | synonyms=perform | examples=I did my job
4. sense_key=do%2:42:00:: | definition=proceed or get along | synonyms=fare, make out, come, get along | examples=How is she doing in her new job?; How are you making out in graduate school?
5. sense_key=do%2:36:02:: | definition=give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally | synonyms=cause, make | examples=cause a commotion; make a stir
6. sense_key=do%2:41:02:: | definition=carry out or practice; as of jobs and professions | synonyms=practice, practise, exercise | examples=practice law
7. sense_key=do%2:42:01:: | definition=be sufficient; be adequate, either in quality or quantity | synonyms=suffice, answer, serve | examples=A few words would answer; This car suits my purpose well
8. sense_key=do%2:36:00:: | definition=create or design, often in a certain way | synonyms=make | examples=Do my room in blue; I did this piece in wood to express my love for the forest
9. sense_key=do%2:29:09:: | definition=behave in a certain manner; show a certain behavior; conduct or comport oneself | synonyms=act, behave | examples=You should act like an adult; Don't behave like a fool
10. sense_key=do%2:42:02:: | definition=spend time in prison or in a labor camp | synonyms=serve | examples=He did six years for embezzlement
11. sense_key=do%2:41:03:: | definition=carry on or function | synonyms=manage | examples=We could do with a little more help around here
12. sense_key=do%2:29:04:: | definition=arrange attractively | synonyms=dress, arrange, set, coif, coiffe, coiffure | examples=dress my hair for the wedding
13. sense_key=do%2:38:00:: | definition=travel or traverse (a distance) | examples=This car does 150 miles per hour; We did 6 miles on our hike every day

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "doing" (lemma "do") in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The sentence is: "Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency."
 - The phrase is "doing likewise" - meaning other legislators are performing the same action (bringing home local benefits) for their own constituencies.
 - The structure is "every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency" - this means every other legislator is performing/engaging in the same behavior/action.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=do%2:41:01:: | definition=engage in | synonyms=make | examples=make love, not war; make an effort
    - This sense is about engaging in an activity. "Doing likewise" could fit here as engaging in the same activity.

 2. sense_key=do%2:36:01:: | definition=carry out or perform an action | synonyms=perform, execute | examples=John did the painting, the weeding, and he cleaned out the gutters; the skater executed a triple pirouette
    - This is about performing a specific action. "Doing likewise" means performing the same action.

 3. sense_key=do%2:41:04:: | definition=get (something) done | synonyms=perform | examples=I did my job
    - This is about completing/accomplishing something.

 4. sense_key=do%2:42:00:: | definition=proceed or get along | synonyms=fare, make out, come, get along | examples=How is she doing in her new job?
    - This is about progressing or managing in a situation.

 5. sense_key=do%2:36:02:: | definition=give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally | synonyms=cause, make | examples=cause a commotion
    - This is about causing something.

 6. sense_key=do%2:41:02:: | definition=carry out or practice; as of jobs and professions | synonyms=practice, practise, exercise | examples=practice law
    - This is specific to practicing a profession.

 7. sense_key=do%2:42:01:: | definition=be sufficient; be adequate | synonyms=suffice
    - Not relevant here.

 8. sense_key=do%2:36:00:: | definition=create or design | synonyms=make | examples=Do my room in blue
    - About creating/designing.

 9. sense_key=do%2:29:09:: | definition=behave in a certain manner; show a certain behavior; conduct or comport oneself | synonyms=act, behave | examples=You should act like an adult
    - This is about behaving/conducting oneself.

 10. sense_key=do%2:42:02:: | definition=spend time in prison | synonyms=serve
     - Not relevant.

 11. sense_key=do%2:41:03:: | definition=carry on or function | synonyms=manage | examples=We could do with a little more help
     - About functioning or managing.

 12. sense_key=do%2:29:04:: | definition=arrange attractively | synonyms=dress
     - Not relevant.

 13. sense_key=do%2:38:00:: | definition=travel or traverse (a distance)
     - Not relevant.

 The phrase "doing likewise" in the context means that other legislators are performing the same action (bringing home benefits) as the first legislator mentioned.

 Let me compare sense 1 (engage in) vs sense 2 (carry out or perform an action) vs sense 9 (behave in a certain manner).

 Sense 1: "engage in" - examples include "make love", "make an effort". This is about participating in an activity.

 Sense 2: "carry out or perform an action" - examples include "John did the painting", "executed a triple pirouette". This is about executing/performing a specific task.

 Sense 9: "behave in a certain manner" - examples include "act like an adult", "behave like a fool". This is about conduct/behavior.

 In the context: "every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency" - the legislators are performing the action of bringing benefits to their constituencies. This is similar to performing a task or action.

 However, "doing likewise" is an idiomatic expression meaning "doing the same thing" or "acting similarly".

 Looking at the examples:
 - Sense 2 examples: "John did the painting", "executed a triple pirouette" - these are specific tasks.
 - Sense 1 examples: "make love, not war", "make an effort" - these are engaging in activities.

 But actually, looking more carefully at the context, the legislators are "doing likewise" - meaning they are performing the same action (bringing home benefits). This seems closest to sense 2 (carry out or perform an action) or sense 1 (engage in).

 Wait, let me look at sense 9 again: "behave in a certain manner; show a certain behavior; conduct or comport oneself". The example "You should act like an adult" suggests this is about general behavior/conduct.

 In the sentence, the legislators are performing the specific action of bringing benefits. But "doing likewise" could also be interpreted as "behaving similarly" or "acting similarly".

 However, looking at the structure: "every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency" - this parallels the earlier part where legislators "bring home the local benefits". So "doing likewise" means performing the same action of bringing home benefits.

 Let me check if there's a sense that fits "do" in the sense of "performing an action" generally.

 Sense 2: "carry out or perform an action" - this seems to fit best for "doing likewise" meaning performing the same action.

 But wait, sense 1 is "engage in" with synonyms "make". Examples: "make love", "make an effort".

 Actually, looking at WordNet structure, sense 2:36:01 is often the general "perform" sense for "do".

 Let me reconsider the specific context. The phrase is "doing likewise" - this is equivalent to "doing the same thing". The legislators are performing the action of securing benefits for their districts.

 Sense 2 (carry out or perform an action) seems most appropriate because:
 1. It involves performing a specific action (bringing home benefits)
 2. The examples include "John did the painting, the weeding..." which shows performing tasks/actions
 3. "Likewise" indicates they are performing the same type of action

 Sense 1 (engage in) is also possible, but "engage in" is more about participating in an activity rather than performing a specific deed.

 Sense 9 (behave) is about general conduct/behavior, not specific actions like securing legislative benefits.

 Actually, looking at the WordNet sense keys:
 - do%2:41:01:: (sense 1) - engage in
 - do%2:36:01:: (sense 2) - carry out or perform an action
 - do%2:41:04:: (sense 3) - get (something) done

 The distinction between 2:41:01 and 2:36:01 is subtle. 2:41:01 is often used for "do" as in "do business", "do drugs" (engage in). 2:36:01 is for performing a specific action/task.

 In "doing likewise", the legislators are performing the same action (bringing benefits). This is a specific action being performed, so sense 2 seems best.

 But let me double-check sense 9 (do%2:29:09:: - behave/act). Could "doing likewise" mean "behaving likewise"? In the context of the prisoner's dilemma explanation, it might be about behavior. But the specific action is bringing home pork/barrel benefits, which is a specific legislative action, not just general behavior.

 Actually, looking at the sentence again: "every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency" - this is parallel to the first legislator who "wins" benefits. So "doing likewise" = performing the same winning/bringing of benefits.

 I think sense 2 (carry out or perform an action) is the best fit.

 Wait, I should check if there's a sense for "do" meaning "to act" in a general sense. Sense 9 is "behave in a certain manner", which is close but not exactly "perform an action".

 Let me reconsider sense 1: "engage in". If I say "legislators doing likewise", am I saying they are engaging in the same activity? Yes, that could work.

 But "carry out or perform an action" (sense 2) seems more active and specific, which fits the legislative context of securing specific benefits.

 However, looking at standard WSD for "do", when we say someone is "doing X" where X is an action described previously, it usually maps to sense 2:36:01 (perform).

 But I want to be careful. The phrase is "doing likewise" - this is a pro-form substituting for the verb phrase "bringing home the local benefits" or "wins for them [the benefits]".

 So "doing" here is substituting for a specific action (bringing/winning benefits). Therefore, "perform an action" (sense 2) is correct.

 Actually, looking at the candidate list indexing:
 1. sense_key=do%2:41:01::
 2. sense_key=do%2:36:01::
 3. sense_key=do%2:41:04::
 ...

 So sense index 2 corresponds to do%2:36:01:: "carry out or perform an action".

 I think the answer is sense_index: 2.

 But let me reconsider if sense 9 (behave) could be correct. The text discusses the "prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters". In game theory, the prisoner's dilemma involves players choosing strategies/actions. The legislators are choosing to bring home benefits. This is a specific action, not just general behavior.

 Also, sense 9 examples: "act like an adult", "behave like a fool" - these are about manner of conduct, not about performing a specific legislative act like securing funding.

 Therefore, sense 2 is better.

 One more check: could it be sense 1 (engage in)? "Engage in" is often used for activities like "do drugs", "do business", "do research". While "do likewise" could fit here, "perform an action" is more general and covers the substitution of a specific action (bringing benefits).

 Actually, looking at WordNet examples for sense 2:36:01: "John did the painting, the weeding, and he cleaned out the gutters" - this shows "do" substituting for specific tasks. Similarly here, "doing" substitutes for bringing home benefits.

 So yes, sense 2.

 Final check: The user wants the output as {"sense_index": 2}.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: suggest
Target surface form: suggests
Context:
Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory <t>suggests</t> why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=suggest%2:32:00:: | definition=make a proposal, declare a plan for something | synonyms=propose, advise | examples=the senator proposed to abolish the sales tax
2. sense_key=suggest%2:32:04:: | definition=drop a hint; intimate by a hint | synonyms=hint
3. sense_key=suggest%2:32:02:: | definition=imply as a possibility | synonyms=intimate | examples=The evidence suggests a need for more clarification
4. sense_key=suggest%2:32:03:: | definition=suggest the necessity of an intervention; in medicine | synonyms=indicate | examples=Tetracycline is indicated in such cases
5. sense_key=suggest%2:32:01:: | definition=call to mind | synonyms=evoke, paint a picture | examples=this remark evoked sadness

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "suggests" in the given context. I need to choose the best sense from the 5 candidate senses provided.

 Let me analyze the context:

 The sentence is: "Third, the theory <t>suggests</t> why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office."

 The context is about a political theory that explains or implies something about legislator behavior and job security. The theory is being used to explain or provide evidence for why certain legislators have lower security in office.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. suggest%2:32:00:: - make a proposal, declare a plan for something (synonyms: propose, advise)
    - This doesn't fit. The theory isn't proposing or advising something in the sense of making a recommendation. It's explaining or indicating a reason.

 2. suggest%2:32:04:: - drop a hint; intimate by a hint (synonyms: hint)
    - This implies subtlety or indirectness. While theories can hint at things, this seems less likely than sense 3. The context seems more about the theory implying or indicating a conclusion based on evidence.

 3. suggest%2:32:02:: - imply as a possibility (synonyms: intimate)
    - Example: "The evidence suggests a need for more clarification"
    - This fits well. The theory is implying or indicating why legislators have lower security. It's presenting a logical implication or conclusion drawn from the theory.

 4. suggest%2:32:03:: - suggest the necessity of an intervention; in medicine (synonyms: indicate)
    - This is specifically medical ("Tetracycline is indicated in such cases"). The context is political science, not medicine. So this is out.

 5. suggest%2:32:01:: - call to mind (synonyms: evoke, paint a picture)
    - Example: "this remark evoked sadness"
    - This is about bringing something to mind or evoking a mental image. The theory isn't calling something to mind in this sense; it's explaining or implying a causal relationship.

 So the best fit is sense 3: "imply as a possibility" (or indicate based on evidence/logic).

 The example given for sense 3 is "The evidence suggests a need for more clarification" which is very similar to our context where "the theory suggests why legislators..."

 In academic writing, when we say a theory "suggests" something, we typically mean it implies, indicates, or provides evidence for a conclusion. This matches sense 3.

 Sense 1 (propose/advise) would be if someone suggests a course of action.
 Sense 2 (hint) would be more indirect and less formal.
 Sense 4 is medical.
 Sense 5 is about evoking memories or images.

 Therefore, the answer should be sense_index: 3.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Phala

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: national
Target surface form: national
Context:
Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to <t>national</t> policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=national%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country | examples=national hero; national anthem
2. sense_key=national%3:00:00:: | definition=limited to or in the interests of a particular nation | examples=national interests; isolationism is a strictly national policy
3. sense_key=national%3:00:01:: | definition=concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country | examples=the national government; national elections
4. sense_key=national%5:00:00:public:00 | definition=owned or maintained for the public by the national government | examples=national parks
5. sense_key=national%5:00:00:domestic:00 | definition=inside the country | synonyms=home, interior, internal | examples=the British Home Office has broader responsibilities than the United States Department of the Interior; the nation's internal politics
6. sense_key=national%3:01:02:: | definition=characteristic of or peculiar to the people of a nation | examples=a national trait
7. sense_key=national%3:01:01:: | definition=of or relating to nationality | examples=national origin

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "national" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text discusses political science/economics theory about voters, legislators, and government benefits
 - The specific sentence is: "Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to <t>national</t> policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office."
 - The contrast is between "national policy making" and "local benefit-seeking"
 - This suggests "national" here means pertaining to the entire nation/country as opposed to local/district/state level

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=national%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country | examples=national hero; national anthem
    - This is quite general, relating to a nation.

 2. sense_key=national%3:00:00:: | definition=limited to or in the interests of a particular nation | examples=national interests; isolationism is a strictly national policy
    - This suggests limited to a particular nation (as opposed to international), or in the interests of a particular nation.

 3. sense_key=national%3:00:01:: | definition=concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country | examples=the national government; national elections
    - This emphasizes "entire nation or country" - applicable to the whole country as opposed to local.
    - Examples: national government (as opposed to local/state government), national elections.

 4. sense_key=national%5:00:00:public:00 | definition=owned or maintained for the public by the national government | examples=national parks
    - Specific to things owned by the national government.

 5. sense_key=national%5:00:00:domestic:00 | definition=inside the country | synonyms=home, interior, internal | examples=the British Home Office has broader responsibilities than the United States Department of the Interior; the nation's internal politics
    - This contrasts with foreign/international.

 6. sense_key=national%3:01:02:: | definition=characteristic of or peculiar to the people of a nation | examples=a national trait
    - Cultural characteristics.

 7. sense_key=national%3:01:01:: | definition=of or relating to nationality | examples=national origin
    - Related to citizenship/nationality.

 In the context, "national policy making" is contrasted with "local benefit-seeking". The legislators are being compared on whether they focus on:
 - Local benefits (for their specific district/state)
 - National policy (for the entire country)

 This matches sense 3: "concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country" with examples like "the national government" (federal level vs local level).

 Sense 2 is about "limited to or in the interests of a particular nation" which usually contrasts with international or global interests. But here the contrast is with local, not international.

 Sense 5 is about "inside the country" vs outside/foreign, which doesn't fit the local vs national contrast in the text.

 Sense 3 is the best fit because it captures the contrast between national (country-wide) and local (district-specific) that is central to the passage's argument about legislators and their constituencies.

 The text explicitly contrasts "national policy making" with "local benefit-seeking", which aligns perfectly with sense 3's focus on "entire nation or country" vs local.

 Therefore, the answer should be sense index 3.

provider: ModelRun


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: policy
Target surface form: policy
Context:
Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national <t>policy</t> making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=policy%1:09:00:: | definition=a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group | examples=it was a policy of retribution; a politician keeps changing his policies
2. sense_key=policy%1:10:00:: | definition=a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government | examples=they debated the policy or impolicy of the proposed legislation
3. sense_key=policy%1:10:02:: | definition=written contract or certificate of insurance | synonyms=insurance policy, insurance | examples=you should have read the small print on your policy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "policy" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text discusses political science, specifically about legislators, voters, Congress, and government.
 - The specific sentence is: "Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national <t>policy</t> making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office."
 - The context is about legislators focusing on national policy making vs. local benefit-seeking (pork barrel politics).
 - This is clearly about government action, legislation, and political strategy.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=policy%1:09:00:: | definition=a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group | examples=it was a policy of retribution; a politician keeps changing his policies
    - This is a general sense of policy as a plan of action.
    - Could fit, as national policy making involves plans of action.

 2. sense_key=policy%1:10:00:: | definition=a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government | examples=they debated the policy or impolicy of the proposed legislation
    - This specifically mentions "government" and "course of action" and "proposed legislation"
    - The context is about legislators and national policy making
    - This seems very relevant to government/policy making in a legislative context

 3. sense_key=policy%1:10:02:: | definition=written contract or certificate of insurance | synonyms=insurance policy, insurance | examples=you should have read the small print on your policy
    - This is clearly about insurance policies, which is not relevant to the political context.

 So it's between sense 1 and sense 2.

 Sense 1 (policy%1:09:00::) is the general "plan of action" sense.
 Sense 2 (policy%1:10:00::) is specifically about government/rationalizing course of action of government.

 The context specifically mentions:
 - "national policy making"
 - "legislators"
 - "local benefit-seeking" (contrasted with national policy)
 - Government/political context

 The phrase "national policy making" in the context of legislators strongly suggests the governmental sense (sense 2) rather than just any plan of action by an individual or social group.

 However, looking closely at the definitions:
 - Sense 1: "a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group" - this is the general sense.
 - Sense 2: "a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government" - this is more specific to the justification/rationalization aspect.

 Wait, let me reconsider. In political science contexts, "policy" usually refers to the general sense of governmental plans/actions. But WordNet distinguishes between:
 - 1:09:00 - general plan of action (hypernym: plan of action)
 - 1:10:00 - line of argument rationalizing course of action of government (hypernym: argumentation, logical argument)

 Actually, looking at the examples for sense 2: "they debated the policy or impolicy of the proposed legislation" - this suggests it's about whether something is wise/prudent (impolicy means imprudence).

 But in the context "national policy making", this refers to the creation of governmental plans/actions, not specifically a line of argument rationalizing it.

 Let me check WordNet more carefully. In WordNet:
 - policy%1:09:00:: is the main sense for "a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group"
 - policy%1:10:00:: is "a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government" - this seems to be about the justification or reasoning behind government action, not the action itself.
 - policy%1:10:02:: is insurance.

 In the sentence: "legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making" - this refers to making plans/actions for the nation, as opposed to local benefits.

 "Policy making" is a compound concept referring to the process of creating policies (plans of action). This aligns with sense 1.

 However, sense 2 might be tempting because it mentions government, but the definition emphasizes "line of argument" and "rationalizing" - which is about justifying or explaining the course of action, not the course of action itself or the making of it.

 The context is about legislators focusing on creating national legislation/plans vs. local pork. This is about the substance of governance - the plans of action adopted by the government (social group).

 Therefore, sense 1 (policy%1:09:00::) seems more appropriate.

 But wait, I should double-check. In many WSD datasets, "policy" in political contexts often maps to sense 1 (the general plan of action), while sense 2 is more archaic or specific to the concept of "expediency" or "prudence" (as indicated by the example contrasting "policy" with "impolicy").

 The word "impolicy" (imprudence, inexpedience) is related to sense 2, suggesting sense 2 is about wisdom/prudence in government action, not the action itself.

 Therefore, for "national policy making" referring to the creation of governmental plans and actions, sense 1 is correct.

 Actually, looking at the sentence again: "national policy making" - this is about the process of creating policies for the nation. The policies themselves are plans of action adopted by the government (social group).

 So I should choose sense 1.

 Wait, I need to be careful. The user asks for the "best indexed sense" and provides three options indexed 1, 2, and 3.

 Index 1: policy%1:09:00::
 Index 2: policy%1:10:00::
 Index 3: policy%1:10:02::

 So if I choose sense 1, the answer is {"sense_index": 1}
 If I choose sense 2, the answer is {"sense_index": 2}

 Given my analysis, sense 1 is the correct choice because:
 1. The context refers to "policy making" as the creation of plans of action for the nation
 2. Sense 2 specifically refers to a "line of argument rationalizing" which is not what is meant here
 3. Sense 3 is clearly wrong (insurance)

 Therefore: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: Chutes


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: making
Target surface form: making
Context:
Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy <t>making</t> relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=making%1:04:00:: | definition=the act that results in something coming to be | synonyms=devising, fashioning | examples=the devising of plans; the fashioning of pots and pans
2. sense_key=making%1:07:00:: | definition=an attribute that must be met or complied with and that fits a person for something | synonyms=qualification | examples=her qualifications for the job are excellent; one of the qualifications for admission is an academic degree
3. sense_key=making%1:06:00:: | definition=(usually plural) the components needed for making or doing something | examples=the recipe listed all the makings for a chocolate cake

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the target word "making" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The sentence is: "Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy <t>making</t> relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office."
 - The phrase is "national policy making"
 - This refers to the act or process of creating/formulating national policy

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=making%1:04:00:: | definition=the act that results in something coming to be | synonyms=devising, fashioning | examples=the devising of plans; the fashioning of pots and pans
    - This sense refers to the act of creating or bringing something into existence
    - "Policy making" is a common collocation referring to the act of creating policy
    - Synonyms like "devising" and "fashioning" fit well with creating policy

 2. sense_key=making%1:07:00:: | definition=an attribute that must be met or complied with and that fits a person for something | synonyms=qualification | examples=her qualifications for the job are excellent; one of the qualifications for admission is an academic degree
    - This sense is about qualifications or attributes that make someone suitable for something
    - This doesn't fit "policy making" at all

 3. sense_key=making%1:06:00:: | definition=(usually plural) the components needed for making or doing something | examples=the recipe listed all the makings for a chocolate cake
    - This sense refers to ingredients or components (usually plural "makings")
    - The context uses "making" in the singular as part of "policy making"
    - This doesn't fit

 The phrase "policy making" (or "policymaking") refers to the act or process of creating policies. This aligns perfectly with sense 1: "the act that results in something coming to be" with synonyms like "devising" and "fashioning".

 In the context, "national policy making" refers to the act of creating national policy, as opposed to seeking local benefits.

 Therefore, the correct sense is sense 1 (making%1:04:00::).

 The user wants the output as: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: relative
Target surface form: relative
Context:
Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making <t>relative</t> to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=relative%3:00:00:: | definition=estimated by comparison; not absolute or complete | synonyms=comparative | examples=a relative stranger
2. sense_key=relative%5:00:00:proportionate:00 | definition=properly related in size or degree or other measurable characteristics; usually followed by `to' | synonyms=proportional | examples=the punishment ought to be proportional to the crime; earnings relative to production

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "relative" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 "Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making <t>relative</t> to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office."

 The phrase is "relative to" - this is a common construction meaning "in comparison with" or "in proportion to".

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=relative%3:00:00:: | definition=estimated by comparison; not absolute or complete | synonyms=comparative | examples=a relative stranger
    - This sense is about something being comparative or not absolute. Example "a relative stranger" means somewhat of a stranger, not absolute.
    - But in the context "relative to", this doesn't fit well. "Relative to" here isn't about being "not absolute".

 2. sense_key=relative%5:00:00:proportionate:00 | definition=properly related in size or degree or other measurable characteristics; usually followed by `to' | synonyms=proportional | examples=the punishment ought to be proportional to the crime; earnings relative to production
    - This sense specifically mentions "usually followed by `to'"
    - The example includes "earnings relative to production"
    - The definition mentions "properly related in size or degree"
    - In the context: "pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking"
    - This means in comparison/proportion to local benefit-seeking - i.e., the ratio or proportion of attention paid to national policy making compared to local benefit-seeking.

 The context is comparing the amount of attention paid to national policy making versus local benefit-seeking. The phrase "relative to" here means "in proportion to" or "compared to".

 Sense 2 explicitly mentions being followed by "to" and gives the example "earnings relative to production" which is structurally identical to "national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking".

 Sense 1 is more about the quality of being comparative or not absolute (like "relative truth" or "relative stranger"), not about the comparative relationship between two quantities.

 Therefore, sense 2 is the correct choice.

 Wait, let me double-check the sense indices. The user provided:
 1. sense_key=relative%3:00:00:: ...
 2. sense_key=relative%5:00:00:proportionate:00 ...

 So sense_index should be 2.

 The output should be JSON: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: local
Target surface form: local
Context:
Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to <t>local</t> benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=local%3:00:01:: | definition=relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area | examples=local taxes; local authorities
2. sense_key=local%3:01:01:: | definition=of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood | examples=local customs; local schools
3. sense_key=local%3:00:02:: | definition=affecting only a restricted part or area of the body | examples=local anesthesia

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "local" in a specific context.

 Context analysis:
 The text is discussing political science/economics, specifically about legislators, voters, benefits, and districts/states. The key phrase is: "Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to <t>local</t> benefit-seeking have lower security in office."

 The context contrasts "national policy making" with "local benefit-seeking." The earlier sentences mention "local benefits to the voter's particular district/state," "preventing other districts/states... from bringing home the local benefits," and "specific benefits that the legislator wins for them."

 So here, "local" is being used in the sense of:
 - Pertaining to a specific district, locality, or region (as opposed to national/federal)
 - Related to a particular area/district that a legislator represents

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 Sense 1: "relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area"
 - Examples: local taxes; local authorities
 - This fits well with the context of "local benefits" vs "national policy" and mentions of districts/states.

 Sense 2: "of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood"
 - Examples: local customs; local schools
 - This seems more about cultural characteristics of a place, not administrative/political boundaries.

 Sense 3: "affecting only a restricted part or area of the body"
 - Examples: local anesthesia
 - This is medical, clearly wrong for this political context.

 The contrast is between national (federal) level and local (district/state) level. The text mentions "voter's particular district/state" and "other districts/states."

 Between sense 1 and sense 2:
 - Sense 1 emphasizes administration of a city/town/district rather than a larger area
 - Sense 2 emphasizes belonging to/characteristic of a particular locality/neighborhood

 In political science contexts like this, "local" often refers to sub-national governmental units (state, district, municipal) as opposed to federal/national. This aligns with sense 1 which mentions "administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area."

 However, sense 2 could also potentially fit as it refers to a particular locality.

 But looking at the examples:
 - Sense 1: "local taxes; local authorities" - these are governmental/administrative
 - Sense 2: "local customs; local schools" - these are cultural/educational community characteristics

 The phrase "local benefit-seeking" in the context refers to legislators seeking benefits for their specific districts (bringing home the pork), which is an administrative/governmental distribution of resources to specific geographic jurisdictions. This aligns better with sense 1.

 Also, the gloss for sense 1 explicitly mentions "district" which appears multiple times in the context ("voter's particular district/state", "other districts/states").

 Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit.

 Wait, let me double-check the WordNet sense keys to make sure I understand the numbering correctly. The user provides:
 - 1. sense_key=local%3:00:01::
 - 2. sense_key=local%3:01:01::
 - 3. sense_key=local%3:00:02::

 The question asks me to return {"sense_index": 3} where the number corresponds to the candidate sense number (1, 2, or 3), not necessarily the WordNet lexicographer file number.

 So if I choose sense 1 (the first one listed), I return {"sense_index": 1}
 If I choose sense 2 (the second one listed), I return {"sense_index": 2}
 etc.

 I believe sense 1 is correct: "relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area"

 The context is clearly about administrative districts (congressional districts, states) and the governmental benefits flowing to them, contrasted with national policy.

 Final check: Could it be sense 2? "characteristic of a particular locality" - no, this is about pork-barrel politics and distributive benefits, not about customs or culture. The "local benefits" refers to specific government spending/projects targeted to specific geographic districts, which matches "administration of a... district" in sense 1.

 Therefore: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: have
Target surface form: have
Context:
Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking <t>have</t> lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=have%2:40:00:: | definition=have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense | synonyms=have got, hold | examples=She has $1,000 in the bank; He has got two beautiful daughters
2. sense_key=have%2:42:00:: | definition=have as a feature | synonyms=feature | examples=This restaurant features the most famous chefs in France
3. sense_key=have%2:39:06:: | definition=go through (mental or physical states or experiences) | synonyms=experience, receive, get | examples=get an idea; experience vertigo
4. sense_key=have%2:40:04:: | definition=have ownership or possession of | synonyms=own, possess | examples=He owns three houses in Florida; How many cars does she have?
5. sense_key=have%2:30:00:: | definition=cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition | synonyms=get, let | examples=He got his squad on the ball; This let me in for a big surprise
6. sense_key=have%2:34:00:: | definition=serve oneself to, or consume regularly | synonyms=consume, ingest, take in, take | examples=Have another bowl of chicken soup!; I don't take sugar in my coffee
7. sense_key=have%2:41:00:: | definition=have a personal or business relationship with someone | examples=have a postdoc; have an assistant
8. sense_key=have%2:36:00:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, make, give | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
9. sense_key=have%2:40:01:: | definition=have left | examples=I have two years left; I don't have any money left
10. sense_key=have%2:42:12:: | definition=be confronted with | examples=What do we have here?; Now we have a fine mess
11. sense_key=have%2:30:01:: | definition=undergo | synonyms=experience | examples=The stocks had a fast run-up
12. sense_key=have%2:29:02:: | definition=suffer from; be ill with | examples=She has arthritis
13. sense_key=have%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, get, make | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
14. sense_key=have%2:40:05:: | definition=receive willingly something given or offered | synonyms=accept, take | examples=The only girl who would have him was the miller's daughter; I won't have this dog in my house!
15. sense_key=have%2:40:03:: | definition=get something; come into possession of | synonyms=receive | examples=receive payment; receive a gift
16. sense_key=have%2:29:05:: | definition=undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | synonyms=suffer, sustain, get | examples=She suffered a fracture in the accident; He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars
17. sense_key=have%2:40:02:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=get, make | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
18. sense_key=have%2:29:00:: | definition=cause to be born | synonyms=give birth, deliver, bear, birth | examples=My wife had twins yesterday!
19. sense_key=have%2:35:00:: | definition=have sex with; archaic use | synonyms=take | examples=He had taken this woman when she was most vulnerable

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "have" in the given context.

Context: "Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking <t>have</t> lower security in office."

The sentence structure is: "legislators ... have lower security in office"

Let me analyze the meaning:
- The legislators possess/experience/undergo lower security in office
- This is about possessing or experiencing a state/condition

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=have%2:40:00:: | definition=have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense | synonyms=have got, hold
   - This fits: "have lower security" = possess/ hold lower security

2. sense_key=have%2:42:00:: | definition=have as a feature | synonyms=feature
   - This would imply "feature lower security" - doesn't fit well

3. sense_key=have%2:39:06:: | definition=go through (mental or physical states or experiences) | synonyms=experience, receive, get
   - Could fit: experience lower security

4. sense_key=have%2:40:04:: | definition=have ownership or possession of | synonyms=own, possess
   - This is ownership, but "security" isn't really owned, it's a state/condition

5. sense_key=have%2:30:00:: | definition=cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition
   - This is causative: "have someone do something" - doesn't fit

6. sense_key=have%2:34:00:: | definition=serve oneself to, or consume regularly
   - No

7. sense_key=have%2:41:00:: | definition=have a personal or business relationship with someone
   - No

8. sense_key=have%2:36:00:: | definition=organize or be responsible for
   - No

9. sense_key=have%2:40:01:: | definition=have left
   - No

10. sense_key=have%2:42:12:: | definition=be confronted with
   - Could sort of fit, but "be confronted with lower security" is odd

11. sense_key=have%2:30:01:: | definition=undergo | synonyms=experience
   - Similar to 3: "undergo lower security"

12. sense_key=have%2:29:02:: | definition=suffer from; be ill with
   - No

13. sense_key=have%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner
   - No

14. sense_key=have%2:40:05:: | definition=receive willingly something given or offered
   - No

15. sense_key=have%2:40:03:: | definition=get something; come into possession of
   - No

16. sense_key=have%2:29:05:: | definition=undergo (as of injuries and illnesses)
   - This is specifically for injuries/illnesses

17. sense_key=have%2:40:02:: | definition=achieve a point or goal
   - No

18. sense_key=have%2:29:00:: | definition=cause to be born
   - No

19. sense_key=have%2:35:00:: | definition=have sex with; archaic use
   - No

So it's between:
- Sense 1: have or possess (abstract sense) - "have lower security"
- Sense 3: experience - "experience lower security"
- Sense 11: undergo - "undergo lower security"
- Sense 4: own/possess - but this is too concrete for "security"

Sense 1 says "have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense" and includes "hold" as a synonym. "Have lower security" fits well here - they possess/hold a state of lower security.

Sense 3 is "go through (mental or physical states or experiences)" - examples given are "get an idea; experience vertigo". "Security" is more of a condition/state they possess rather than an experience they go through.

Sense 11 is "undergo" - examples include "The stocks had a fast run-up". This is more about undergoing a process or change.

Actually, looking closely at Sense 1 and Sense 4:
- Sense 1: have%2:40:00:: - general possess/hold
- Sense 4: have%2:40:04:: - specifically ownership (own, possess)

"Have lower security" - security isn't owned, it's a characteristic or state they possess. Sense 1 covers abstract possession.

But wait, looking at Sense 12: have%2:29:02:: "suffer from; be ill with" - no.

Sense 10: "be confronted with" - examples: "What do we have here?" - this is about encountering.

Let me reconsider Sense 1 vs Sense 3 vs Sense 11.

The phrase is "have lower security in office". This means they possess less job security. It's about the state of their position.

In WordNet:
- Sense 1 (have%2:40:00::) is the general possession sense.
- Sense 11 (have%2:30:01::) is specifically "undergo" which is for processes (stocks had a run-up)
- Sense 3 (have%2:39:06::) is "go through... states or experiences"

"Security" here refers to job security - how safe their position is. This is a state they possess.

Sense 1 seems best: "have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense" with synonyms "have got, hold".

Examples for Sense 1: "She has $1,000 in the bank; He has got two beautiful daughters"

"Legislators have lower security" = Legislators possess/hold lower security.

Sense 4 is specifically about ownership ("He owns three houses").

Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.

But let me double-check if there's any other sense that fits better.

Sense 10: "be confronted with" - "Now we have a fine mess" - this is about the current situation/state present. "We have a problem" = we are confronted with a problem. But "have lower security" isn't really about being confronted with something, it's about possessing a characteristic.

Actually, looking at the sentence again: "legislators ... have lower security in office" - this could mean they experience/undergo lower security, or they possess it.

But in WSD for "have", the general possession sense (Sense 1) is usually distinguished from experience/undergo senses.

Sense 11 (undergo) examples: "The stocks had a fast run-up" - this is about the stocks experiencing the run-up.

Sense 3 examples: "get an idea; experience vertigo" - experiencing mental/physical states.

"Security" is an abstract noun referring to the stability of their position. Having security = possessing it.

I think Sense 1 is correct.

Wait, I should check the exact WordNet sense keys to make sure I'm not confusing index numbers.

The candidates are numbered 1-19 in the list, but the sense keys show the actual WordNet numbering.

Sense 1: have%2:40:00::
Sense 2: have%2:42:00::
Sense 3: have%2:39:06::
Sense 4: have%2:40:04::
Sense 5: have%2:30:00::
Sense 6: have%2:34:00::
Sense 7: have%2:41:00::
Sense 8: have%2:36:00::
Sense 9: have%2:40:01::
Sense 10: have%2:42:12::
Sense 11: have%2:30:01::
Sense 12: have%2:29:02::
Sense 13: have%2:32:00::
Sense 14: have%2:40:05::
Sense 15: have%2:40:03::
Sense 16: have%2:29:05::
Sense 17: have%2:40:02::
Sense 18: have%2:29:00::
Sense 19: have%2:35:00::

The question asks for the "sense_index" which corresponds to the numbering in the candidate list (1-19), not the WordNet offset.

So if I choose sense 1, I return {"sense_index": 1}.

Let me verify once more.

"have lower security" - is this possession or experience?

Compare:
- "I have a headache" - typically sense 12 (suffer from/ill with) or sense 16 (undergo injuries/illnesses)
- "I have pain" - similar
- "I have doubts" - sense 1 (possess abstractly)
- "I have an idea" - sense 3 (experience/get)
- "I have time" - sense 1 (possess)
- "I have support" - sense 1 (possess)
- "I have immunity" - sense 1 (possess)

"Security" in "job security" is similar to "stability", "support", "backing". It's a condition one possesses or enjoys.

Sense 1: "have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense" - this fits perfectly.

Sense 3 and 11 are about experiencing or undergoing, which implies a process or event happening to you, whereas "having lower security" is a static state of possessing less security.

Therefore, the answer is sense_index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: office
Target surface form: office
Context:
Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in <t>office</t>. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=office%1:06:00:: | definition=place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed | synonyms=business office | examples=he rented an office in the new building
2. sense_key=office%1:14:01:: | definition=an administrative unit of government | synonyms=agency, federal agency, government agency, bureau, authority | examples=the Central Intelligence Agency; the Census Bureau
3. sense_key=office%1:04:01:: | definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=function, part, role | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part
4. sense_key=office%1:26:00:: | definition=(of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power | synonyms=power | examples=being in office already gives a candidate a great advantage; during his first year in office
5. sense_key=office%1:14:00:: | definition=professional or clerical workers in an office | synonyms=office staff | examples=the whole office was late the morning of the blizzard
6. sense_key=office%1:04:00:: | definition=a religious rite or service prescribed by ecclesiastical authorities | examples=the offices of the mass
7. sense_key=office%1:04:02:: | definition=a job in an organization | synonyms=position, post, berth, spot, billet, place | examples=he occupied a post in the treasury

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "office" in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
"Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in <t>office</t>."

The phrase is "security in office". This refers to holding a political position or being in power. The context is about legislators, their vulnerability to defeat, and their position as elected officials.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed - This is a physical location. Not right.
2. an administrative unit of government - This refers to an agency/bureau. Not right.
3. the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group - This is about function/role. Close but not exactly.
4. (of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power - This matches "in office" perfectly. The example given is "being in office already gives a candidate a great advantage; during his first year in office". The context says "security in office" meaning security while holding the position/power.
5. professional or clerical workers in an office - This refers to people. Not right.
6. a religious rite or service - Not relevant.
7. a job in an organization - This is close, but sense 4 is more specific to government officials holding power, which fits the context of legislators.

The phrase "in office" is an idiom here referring to holding a political position. Sense 4 explicitly mentions "(of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power" and gives examples with "in office".

Sense 7 is "a job in an organization" which is more general. But given the specific context of government legislators and the phrase "in office" referring to the state of holding power, sense 4 is the best fit.

Wait, let me double-check. The context says "security in office" - this could mean job security in their position. But sense 4 specifically captures the state of being in power/holding office for government officials. The examples for sense 4 include "being in office already gives a candidate a great advantage; during his first year in office" which matches the syntactic pattern "in office" in the target sentence.

Sense 7 examples: "he occupied a post in the treasury" - this is more about a specific job title/position.

Actually, looking carefully at the target: "security in office" - this means security while holding the office (position of power). The very definition of sense 4 says "holding an office means being in power" and the examples use "in office". This is clearly the best match.

The answer should be sense index 4.

Wait, I need to check the indexing. The user lists them as:
1. sense_key=office%1:06:00::
2. sense_key=office%1:14:01::
3. sense_key=office%1:04:01::
4. sense_key=office%1:26:00::
5. sense_key=office%1:14:00::
6. sense_key=office%1:04:00::
7. sense_key=office%1:04:02::

So sense 4 is the one with definition about holding an office/holding power.

I should return {"sense_index": 4}.

provider: SiliconFlow


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: member
Target surface form: members
Context:
The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term <t>members</t> of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=member%1:18:00:: | definition=one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization) | synonyms=fellow member | examples=only members will be admitted; a member of the faculty
2. sense_key=member%1:24:00:: | definition=anything that belongs to a set or class | examples=snakes are members of the class Reptilia; members of the opposite sex
3. sense_key=member%1:08:00:: | definition=an external body part that projects from the body | synonyms=extremity, appendage | examples=it is important to keep the extremities warm
4. sense_key=member%1:14:00:: | definition=an organization that is a member of another organization (especially a state that belongs to a group of nations) | examples=the library was a member of the interlibrary loan association; Canada is a member of the United Nations
5. sense_key=member%1:08:01:: | definition=the male organ of copulation (`member' is a euphemism) | synonyms=penis, phallus

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "members" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text is discussing politics, specifically US Congress and House of Representatives
 - The phrase in question is "first-term members of the House"
 - It's talking about legislators, congressional representatives, incumbents, and freshman Republicans
 - "Members of the House" refers to people who are part of the House of Representatives (congresspeople)

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=member%1:18:00:: | definition=one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization) | synonyms=fellow member | examples=only members will be admitted; a member of the faculty
    - This fits "members of the House" - they are persons who compose the social group (the House of Representatives), individuals who have joined and participate in the organization.
    - Example "a member of the faculty" is similar to "member of the House"

 2. sense_key=member%1:24:00:: | definition=anything that belongs to a set or class | examples=snakes are members of the class Reptilia; members of the opposite sex
    - This is for abstract classes/sets, not people in an organization.
    - Example "members of the opposite sex" fits this pattern, but "members of the House" refers to people in a specific organization, not just belonging to a class.

 3. sense_key=member%1:08:00:: | definition=an external body part that projects from the body | synonyms=extremity, appendage
    - This is anatomical (arms, legs, etc.). Not relevant here.

 4. sense_key=member%1:14:00:: | definition=an organization that is a member of another organization (especially a state that belongs to a group of nations)
    - This is for organizations being members of other organizations (e.g., "Canada is a member of the United Nations").
    - But here we have "members of the House" - individual legislators, not organizations. Wait, actually in the example it says "the library was a member of the interlibrary loan association" - that's an organization being a member.
    - However, "members of the House" refers to individual congresspeople, not organizations. So this is not the right sense.

 5. sense_key=member%1:08:01:: | definition=the male organ of copulation (`member' is a euphemism)
    - This is slang/anatomical euphemism. Not relevant in this political context.

 So it's between sense 1 and sense 4, but actually looking more carefully:

 Sense 1: "one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)"
 - "first-term members of the House" - these are individual persons who are part of the House of Representatives (a legislative body/organization).
 - They are individuals who have joined and participate in the House.

 Sense 4: "an organization that is a member of another organization"
 - This would apply if we were talking about "the House" being a member of something else, or if "members" referred to organizations belonging to the House (which doesn't make sense).
 - Actually, looking at the example: "Canada is a member of the United Nations" - here Canada (a state/nation, which is an organization) is a member of the UN.
 - But in "members of the House", the members are individual legislators (people), not organizations.

 Therefore, sense 1 is correct.

 The context mentions:
 - "first-term members of the House"
 - "freshman Republicans"
 - "individual legislator"
 - "constituents"
 - "incumbents"

 These are all referring to individual people serving as representatives in the House of Representatives.

 So the answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}

 Wait, I need to double-check the sense keys. The user lists them as:
 1. sense_key=member%1:18:00::
 2. sense_key=member%1:24:00::
 3. sense_key=member%1:08:00::
 4. sense_key=member%1:14:00::
 5. sense_key=member%1:08:01::

 The index numbers 1-5 correspond to the order given. So I should return {"sense_index": 1}.

 Let me verify the WordNet sense numbers to make sure:
 - member%1:18:00:: - This is the "person belonging to a group" sense (noun.person lexical file)
 - member%1:24:00:: - This is the "member of a set/class" sense (noun.group? No, 1:24 is noun.relation? Actually in WordNet, 18 is noun.person, 14 is noun.location, 08 is noun.body, 24 might be noun.relation or noun.Tops? Let me think... actually standard WordNet lexicographer files: 18 is noun.person, 14 is noun.location, 08 is noun.body. So yes, 1:18:00 is the person sense.

 Actually, checking WordNet:
 - member#n#1 - one of the persons who compose a social group (lexname: noun.person) - this is 1:18:00
 - member#n#2 - anything that belongs to a set or class (lexname: noun.substance or noun.relation?) - actually this is usually 1:24:00
 - member#n#3 - extremity, appendage (lexname: noun.body) - 1:08:00
 - member#n#4 - an organization that is a member... (lexname: noun.group) - 1:14:00
 - member#n#5 - penis (lexname: noun.body) - 1:08:01

 Yes, so the indexing is:
 1. member%1:18:00:: (person)
 2. member%1:24:00:: (set/class)
 3. member%1:08:00:: (body part)
 4. member%1:14:00:: (organization)
 5. member%1:08:01:: (organ)

 So for "members of the House" referring to legislators (people), sense 1 is correct.

 Final check: The example given for sense 1 is "only members will be admitted; a member of the faculty" - "a member of the faculty" is exactly parallel to "members of the House". Both refer to people belonging to an organized group.

 The answer is {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: vulnerable
Target surface form: vulnerable
Context:
The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most <t>vulnerable</t> of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=vulnerable%3:00:00:: | definition=susceptible to attack | examples=a vulnerable bridge
2. sense_key=vulnerable%5:00:00:susceptible:00 | definition=susceptible to criticism or persuasion or temptation | examples=vulnerable to bribery; an argument vulnerable to refutation
3. sense_key=vulnerable%5:00:00:weak:00 | definition=capable of being wounded or hurt | examples=vulnerable parts of the body

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the word "vulnerable" in the given context.

Context analysis:
The text discusses political science, specifically about legislators and elections. The key sentence is: "For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most <t>vulnerable</t> of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat."

The word "vulnerable" here describes first-term members of the House (freshman legislators) in relation to their likelihood of being defeated in elections. The contrast is with being "virtually immune to defeat." So "vulnerable" here means susceptible to being defeated, susceptible to losing their position, or susceptible to attack (in the political/electoral sense).

Candidate sense analysis:

1. sense_key=vulnerable%3:00:00:: | definition=susceptible to attack | examples=a vulnerable bridge
   - This is the primary sense. In political contexts, being "vulnerable" to electoral defeat is a metaphorical extension of being susceptible to attack. The "attack" here is the electoral challenge/opposition.

2. sense_key=vulnerable%5:00:00:susceptible:00 | definition=susceptible to criticism or persuasion or temptation | examples=vulnerable to bribery; an argument vulnerable to refutation
   - This sense is about being open to criticism, persuasion, or temptation. While politicians can be vulnerable to criticism, the specific context here is about electoral defeat ("immune to defeat"), not about being persuaded or criticized.

3. sense_key=vulnerable%5:00:00:weak:00 | definition=capable of being wounded or hurt | examples=vulnerable parts of the body
   - This is more about physical wounding or emotional hurt. While related, the context is specifically about political defeat, which aligns better with "susceptible to attack" (sense 1) than with being physically/emotionally wounded.

The phrase "vulnerable of incumbents" paired with "immune to defeat" strongly suggests the meaning is "susceptible to defeat" or "susceptible to being unseated." In political discourse, when we say a politician is "vulnerable," we mean they are at risk of losing an election - they are susceptible to attack by political opponents.

Sense 1 (susceptible to attack) is the best fit because:
- In political contexts, electoral vulnerability means being open to being defeated/attacked by opponents
- The contrast with "immune to defeat" confirms this is about susceptibility to electoral defeat
- "Attack" in the gloss can be metaphorically extended to political/electoral challenges

Sense 2 is about persuasion/temptation/criticism, which doesn't fit the electoral defeat context as well.

Sense 3 is about physical wounding, which is too literal for this political metaphor.

Therefore, the best sense is index 1.

Wait, let me double-check the WordNet senses for "vulnerable":

Looking at WordNet:
- vulnerable%3:00:00:: - susceptible to attack; "a vulnerable bridge"
- vulnerable%5:00:00:susceptible:00 - susceptible to criticism or persuasion or temptation; "vulnerable to bribery"; "an argument vulnerable to refutation"
- vulnerable%5:00:00:weak:00 - capable of being wounded or hurt; "vulnerable parts of the body"

Actually, looking at the context again: "first-term... members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat."

The word "vulnerable" here means "at risk of being defeated" or "susceptible to losing their seat." This is clearly metaphorically related to being "susceptible to attack" (sense 1). In political science terminology, "vulnerable incumbent" is a standard phrase meaning an incumbent who is at risk of being defeated in an election.

Sense 1 is definitely the correct choice. The "attack" is the electoral challenge from opponents.

The answer should be {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: become
Target surface form: become
Context:
The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have <t>become</t> virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=become%2:30:00:: | definition=enter or assume a certain state or condition | synonyms=go, get | examples=He became annoyed when he heard the bad news; It must be getting more serious
2. sense_key=become%2:42:01:: | definition=undergo a change or development | synonyms=turn | examples=The water turned into ice; Her former friend became her worst enemy
3. sense_key=become%2:42:00:: | definition=come into existence | examples=What becomes has duration
4. sense_key=become%2:42:03:: | definition=enhance the appearance of | synonyms=suit | examples=Mourning becomes Electra; This behavior doesn't suit you!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) on the word "become" in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
"For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have <t>become</t> virtually immune to defeat."

The sentence is saying that first-term members of the House, who used to be the most vulnerable (likely to lose elections), have now changed to a state where they are virtually immune to defeat (unlikely to lose).

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=become%2:30:00:: | definition=enter or assume a certain state or condition | synonyms=go, get | examples=He became annoyed when he heard the bad news; It must be getting more serious
   - This sense is about entering or assuming a state or condition. The example "He became annoyed" fits well with "have become virtually immune" - they have entered the state of being immune.

2. sense_key=become%2:42:01:: | definition=undergo a change or development | synonyms=turn | examples=The water turned into ice; Her former friend became her worst enemy
   - This is about undergoing a change or transformation, often with "turn" or change from one thing to another distinct thing. While there is a change here (from vulnerable to immune), sense 1 seems more appropriate for entering a state/condition.

3. sense_key=become%2:42:00:: | definition=come into existence | examples=What becomes has duration
   - This is about coming into existence. This doesn't fit - the members didn't come into existence, they changed state.

4. sense_key=become%2:42:03:: | definition=enhance the appearance of | synonyms=suit | examples=Mourning becomes Electra; This behavior doesn't suit you!
   - This is the archaic/poetic sense meaning "to suit" or "look well on". This is clearly not the meaning here.

Between sense 1 and sense 2:
Sense 1: "enter or assume a certain state or condition" - This fits "become virtually immune" because "immune" is a state or condition.
Sense 2: "undergo a change or development" - This could also fit, but the examples suggest a more transformational change (water to ice, friend to enemy).

The phrase "have become virtually immune" suggests entering the state of being immune. The word "immune" describes a condition or state. This aligns well with sense 1.

Also, looking at the gloss for sense 1: "enter or assume a certain state or condition" - this is exactly what is happening. The representatives are entering the state of being "virtually immune to defeat."

Sense 2 examples show transformation from one concrete thing to another (water to ice, friend to enemy), whereas sense 1 examples show entering emotional or conditional states (annoyed, serious).

Therefore, sense 1 (become%2:30:00::) is the best choice.

Wait, I need to check the indexing. The user asks for the "sense_index" which corresponds to the numbered list provided:
1. sense_key=become%2:30:00::
2. sense_key=become%2:42:01::
3. sense_key=become%2:42:00::
4. sense_key=become%2:42:03::

So if I choose sense 1, the answer is {"sense_index": 1}.

Let me double-check by looking at the WordNet entries to make sure I understand the senses correctly.

In WordNet:
- become.v.01: enter or assume a certain state or condition; "He became annoyed when he heard the bad news"; "It must be getting more serious"
- become.v.02: undergo a change or development; "The water turned into ice"; "Her former friend became her worst enemy"; "He turned traitor"
- become.v.03: come into existence; "What becomes has duration"
- become.v.04: enhance the appearance of; "Mourning becomes Electra"; "This behavior doesn't suit you!"

Yes, sense 1 is the correct choice. The context describes entering a state (immune to defeat).

The answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: DeepInfra