[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: index
Target surface form: index
Context:
The wider Standard & Poor's 500 has itself advanced by 0.37% (4.06 points) to 1 106.41 points. Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's <t>index</t>. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=index%1:24:00:: | definition=a numerical scale used to compare variables with one another or with some reference number
2. sense_key=index%1:10:01:: | definition=a number or ratio (a value on a scale of measurement) derived from a series of observed facts; can reveal relative changes as a function of time | synonyms=index number, indicant, indicator
3. sense_key=index%1:10:02:: | definition=a mathematical notation indicating the number of times a quantity is multiplied by itself | synonyms=exponent, power
4. sense_key=index%1:10:00:: | definition=an alphabetical listing of names and topics along with page numbers where they are discussed
5. sense_key=index%1:08:00:: | definition=the finger next to the thumb | synonyms=index finger, forefinger

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the target word "index" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text is about financial markets, specifically the Standard & Poor's 500, economic indicators, retail sales, and consumer confidence.
 - The specific sentence containing the target word is: "Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's <t>index</t>."
 - This refers to the University of Michigan's Consumer Sentiment Index (or similar economic index).
 - The word "index" here refers to a statistical measure or indicator that tracks consumer confidence over time.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=index%1:24:00:: | definition=a numerical scale used to compare variables with one another or with some reference number
    - This could potentially fit, but let's look at others.

 2. sense_key=index%1:10:01:: | definition=a number or ratio (a value on a scale of measurement) derived from a series of observed facts; can reveal relative changes as a function of time | synonyms=index number, indicant, indicator
    - This seems to fit very well. The University of Michigan's index is a specific economic indicator/number derived from observed facts (survey data) that reveals changes in consumer confidence over time. The synonyms "index number", "indicant", "indicator" match perfectly with economic indices like the Consumer Sentiment Index.

 3. sense_key=index%1:10:02:: | definition=a mathematical notation indicating the number of times a quantity is multiplied by itself | synonyms=exponent, power
    - This is clearly wrong. This refers to mathematical exponents (like x²), not economic indices.

 4. sense_key=index%1:10:00:: | definition=an alphabetical listing of names and topics along with page numbers where they are discussed
    - This refers to a book index (like at the back of a book). Not relevant here.

 5. sense_key=index%1:08:00:: | definition=the finger next to the thumb | synonyms=index finger, forefinger
    - This refers to the physical finger. Not relevant here.

 Between sense 1 and sense 2:
 - Sense 1 focuses on "a numerical scale used to compare variables"
 - Sense 2 focuses on "a number or ratio... derived from a series of observed facts; can reveal relative changes as a function of time"

 The context specifically mentions:
 - "confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back... to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month"
 - This shows a value on a scale (73.4) that changes over time (compared to previous month)
 - It's derived from observed facts (preliminary estimates from survey data)
 - It's an economic indicator

 Sense 2 (index%1:10:01::) is the most precise fit. This is the standard sense for economic indices like the Consumer Price Index, Dow Jones Index, etc. in WordNet.

 The mention of "indices" later in the text referring to market indices (S&P 500 mentioned earlier) also supports this being sense 2.

 Therefore, the best sense is index 2 (sense_key=index%1:10:01::).

 Wait, I need to check the indexing. The user lists them as:
 1. sense_key=index%1:24:00::
 2. sense_key=index%1:10:01::
 3. sense_key=index%1:10:02::
 4. sense_key=index%1:10:00::
 5. sense_key=index%1:08:00::

 So I should return {"sense_index": 2}

 Let me double-check:
 - The context is about the University of Michigan's consumer confidence index.
 - This is definitely an economic indicator/index number.
 - Sense 2 has synonyms: index number, indicant, indicator.
 - The definition mentions "derived from a series of observed facts" and "reveal relative changes as a function of time" - which matches consumer confidence surveys conducted over time.

 Yes, sense 2 is correct.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: index
Target surface form: indices
Context:
Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The <t>indices</t> have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology securities have thereby lost some ground.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=index%1:24:00:: | definition=a numerical scale used to compare variables with one another or with some reference number
2. sense_key=index%1:10:01:: | definition=a number or ratio (a value on a scale of measurement) derived from a series of observed facts; can reveal relative changes as a function of time | synonyms=index number, indicant, indicator
3. sense_key=index%1:10:02:: | definition=a mathematical notation indicating the number of times a quantity is multiplied by itself | synonyms=exponent, power
4. sense_key=index%1:10:00:: | definition=an alphabetical listing of names and topics along with page numbers where they are discussed
5. sense_key=index%1:08:00:: | definition=the finger next to the thumb | synonyms=index finger, forefinger

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "indices" (plural of index) in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text is about financial markets, trading, economic indicators, retail sales, consumer confidence, etc.
 - Specifically: "The <t>indices</t> have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar..."
 - This is talking about stock market indices or economic indices being affected by the rise of the dollar.
 - Earlier mentions include "economic indicators", "Michigan University's index" (referring to consumer confidence index).
 - "The indices" here likely refers to stock market indices (like Dow Jones, S&P 500, etc.) or economic indices in general.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=index%1:24:00:: | definition=a numerical scale used to compare variables with one another or with some reference number
    - This could potentially fit, but seems more general.

 2. sense_key=index%1:10:01:: | definition=a number or ratio (a value on a scale of measurement) derived from a series of observed facts; can reveal relative changes as a function of time | synonyms=index number, indicant, indicator
    - This seems very relevant. Stock market indices are derived from observed facts (prices of stocks) and reveal relative changes as a function of time.
    - Synonyms include "index number" and "indicator" - economic indicators are mentioned in the text.
    - This is specifically about statistical/economic indices.

 3. sense_key=index%1:10:02:: | definition=a mathematical notation indicating the number of times a quantity is multiplied by itself | synonyms=exponent, power
    - This is mathematical (exponent), not relevant here.

 4. sense_key=index%1:10:00:: | definition=an alphabetical listing of names and topics along with page numbers where they are discussed
    - This is a book index, not relevant.

 5. sense_key=index%1:08:00:: | definition=the finger next to the thumb | synonyms=index finger, forefinger
    - Body part, not relevant.

 So it's between sense 1 and sense 2.

 Sense 1: "a numerical scale used to compare variables with one another or with some reference number"
 Sense 2: "a number or ratio (a value on a scale of measurement) derived from a series of observed facts; can reveal relative changes as a function of time"

 In financial contexts, when we say "indices have been slowed", we're referring to stock market indices like the Dow Jones Industrial Average, S&P 500, etc. These are statistical measures derived from observed facts (stock prices) that reveal changes over time. They are specifically "index numbers" in economic terminology.

 Sense 2 explicitly mentions "index number" as a synonym and talks about being derived from observed facts and revealing relative changes as a function of time - this perfectly describes stock market indices and economic indices.

 Sense 1 is more general about a numerical scale for comparison, but Sense 2 captures the specific nature of economic/financial indices as statistical measures.

 Also, looking at the context: "Michigan University's index" (consumer confidence index) is mentioned just before, and "economic indicators" are mentioned. These are all statistical measures derived from data (surveys, observations).

 Therefore, Sense 2 (index%1:10:01::) is the best fit.

 Wait, let me double-check the WordNet definitions to make sure I understand the distinction correctly.

 In WordNet:
 - index%1:10:01 usually refers to index numbers in statistics/economics (like price index, cost-of-living index, etc.)
 - index%1:24:00 might be more general

 Actually, looking at standard WordNet:
 - index noun sense 1: a numerical scale used to compare variables...
 - index noun sense 2: the finger next to the thumb
 - index noun sense 3: a mathematical notation... (exponent)
 - index noun sense 4: an alphabetical listing...
 - index noun sense 5: a number or ratio... (index number)

 Wait, the sense keys provided are:
 1. index%1:24:00::
 2. index%1:10:01::
 3. index%1:10:02::
 4. index%1:10:00::
 5. index%1:08:00::

 The lexicographer file numbers:
 - 1:10:01 - this is noun.10.01 (index number)
 - 1:10:00 - noun.10.00 (usually the first sense in that file)
 - 1:24:00 - noun.24.00

 In standard WordNet 3.0/3.1:
 - index as "index number" (economic/statistical sense) is usually sense 2 or 5 depending on version, but here it's listed as sense 2 (index%1:10:01::)
 - index as "numerical scale" is usually sense 1 (index%1:10:00:: in some versions?), but here it's index%1:24:00::

 Actually, looking at the pattern:
 - %1:24:00:: refers to noun group 24 (likely not the person/thing groups)
 - %1:10:00:: refers to noun group 10 (communication)
 - %1:08:00:: refers to noun group 08 (body_parts)

 Standard WordNet noun lexicographer files:
 - 10: noun.communication
 - 24: noun.tops? No, that's not right. Actually:
 - 03: noun.animal
 - 06: noun.artifact
 - 08: noun.body
 - 09: noun.cognition
 - 10: noun.communication
 - 24: is likely noun.quantity or similar?

 Actually, checking standard WordNet lexicographer file numbers:
 - noun.quantity is 24?
 - noun.communication is 10
 - noun.body is 08

 So:
 - index%1:24:00:: would be in noun.quantity: "a numerical scale used to compare variables..."
 - index%1:10:01:: would be in noun.communication: "a number or ratio... derived from a series of observed facts..." (index number)
 - index%1:10:00:: would be in noun.communication: "an alphabetical listing..." (like a book index)
 - index%1:10:02:: would be in noun.communication: mathematical notation (exponent)

 Actually, "exponent" as in mathematical might be in noun.communication group.

 But for financial indices like stock market indices, the standard classification is usually as "index number" (economic/statistical sense).

 The context clearly refers to financial market indices (stock indices) being slowed by the rise of the dollar. These are statistical measures derived from stock prices.

 Therefore, sense 2 (index%1:10:01::) is correct.

 The answer should be {"sense_index": 2}

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: DigitalOcean

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rise
Target surface form: rise
Context:
Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed <t>rise</t> of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology securities have thereby lost some ground.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rise%1:11:00:: | definition=a growth in strength or number or importance
2. sense_key=rise%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of changing location in an upward direction | synonyms=ascent, ascension, ascending
3. sense_key=rise%1:17:00:: | definition=an upward slope or grade (as in a road) | synonyms=ascent, acclivity, raise, climb, upgrade | examples=the car couldn't make it up the rise
4. sense_key=rise%1:11:02:: | definition=a movement upward | synonyms=rising, ascent, ascension | examples=they cheered the rise of the hot-air balloon
5. sense_key=rise%1:07:02:: | definition=the amount a salary is increased | synonyms=raise, wage hike, hike, wage increase, salary increase | examples=he got a 3% raise; he got a wage hike
6. sense_key=rise%1:07:01:: | definition=the property possessed by a slope or surface that rises | synonyms=upgrade, rising slope
7. sense_key=rise%1:11:01:: | definition=a wave that lifts the surface of the water or ground | synonyms=lift
8. sense_key=rise%1:11:03:: | definition=(theology) the origination of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost | synonyms=emanation, procession | examples=the emanation of the Holy Spirit; the rising of the Holy Ghost
9. sense_key=rise%1:07:03:: | definition=an increase in cost | synonyms=boost, hike, cost increase | examples=they asked for a 10% rise in rates
10. sense_key=rise%1:04:01:: | definition=increase in price or value | synonyms=advance | examples=the news caused a general advance on the stock market

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "rise" in the given context.

First, let me analyze the context:
- The text is about financial markets, economic indicators, currency exchange rates
- The specific sentence: "The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed <t>rise</t> of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro"
- Here, "rise" refers to the dollar increasing in value/strength against the Euro
- It's talking about the dollar's value going up, reaching a two-month high

Now let me look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=rise%1:11:00:: | definition=a growth in strength or number or importance
   - This could fit - a growth in the dollar's strength/value

2. sense_key=rise%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of changing location in an upward direction | synonyms=ascent, ascension, ascending
   - Physical movement upward - doesn't fit for currency value

3. sense_key=rise%1:17:00:: | definition=an upward slope or grade (as in a road) | synonyms=ascent, acclivity, raise, climb, upgrade | examples=the car couldn't make it up the rise
   - Physical slope - doesn't fit

4. sense_key=rise%1:11:02:: | definition=a movement upward | synonyms=rising, ascent, ascension | examples=they cheered the rise of the hot-air balloon
   - Physical movement upward - doesn't fit for abstract value of currency

5. sense_key=rise%1:07:02:: | definition=the amount a salary is increased | synonyms=raise, wage hike, hike, wage increase, salary increase
   - Specific to salary/wages - doesn't fit

6. sense_key=rise%1:07:01:: | definition=the property possessed by a slope or surface that rises | synonyms=upgrade, rising slope
   - Physical property of slope - doesn't fit

7. sense_key=rise%1:11:01:: | definition=a wave that lifts the surface of the water or ground | synonyms=lift
   - Wave/water - doesn't fit

8. sense_key=rise%1:11:03:: | definition=(theology) the origination of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost | synonyms=emanation, procession
   - Theological - doesn't fit

9. sense_key=rise%1:07:03:: | definition=an increase in cost | synonyms=boost, hike, cost increase | examples=they asked for a 10% rise in rates
   - This is about cost/prices increasing - could be related but specifically mentions "cost"

10. sense_key=rise%1:04:01:: | definition=increase in price or value | synonyms=advance | examples=the news caused a general advance on the stock market
    - This fits very well - increase in value of the dollar

Between sense 1 and sense 10:
- Sense 1: "a growth in strength or number or importance" - this is a general sense
- Sense 10: "increase in price or value" - this is specifically about financial value/price

The context is clearly financial: "rise of the dollar", "against the Euro", "two-month high", "puts downward pressure on sectors". This is about the exchange rate/value of the currency increasing.

Sense 10 specifically mentions "increase in price or value" with example about stock market. This matches perfectly with the dollar's value rising against the Euro.

Sense 1 is more general (strength, number, importance) - while the dollar's strength is increasing, sense 10 is more specific to the financial context of price/value.

Also, looking at the definition of sense 10: "increase in price or value" - this is exactly what happens when a currency rises against another currency - its value increases.

Sense 9 is about "cost increase" which is different from value/price increase in financial markets.

Therefore, sense 10 (index 10) is the best fit.

Wait, let me double-check the indexing. The user lists them as:
1. sense_key=rise%1:11:00::
2. sense_key=rise%1:04:00::
3. sense_key=rise%1:17:00::
4. sense_key=rise%1:11:02::
5. sense_key=rise%1:07:02::
6. sense_key=rise%1:07:01::
7. sense_key=rise%1:11:01::
8. sense_key=rise%1:11:03::
9. sense_key=rise%1:07:03::
10. sense_key=rise%1:04:01::

So sense 10 is indeed the one with definition "increase in price or value".

Let me verify WordNet to make sure I'm interpreting correctly:
- rise%1:04:01:: should be the noun sense for increase in price or value
- rise%1:11:00:: is the general "growth in strength or number or importance"

In financial contexts, when we say "the rise of the dollar", we mean its value/price has increased. So sense 10 is the most accurate.

Actually, looking at the context again: "a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro" - this is definitely about the exchange rate/value.

So the answer should be {"sense_index": 10}.

provider: Moonshot AI


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dollar
Target surface form: dollar
Context:
Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the <t>dollar</t>, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology securities have thereby lost some ground.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dollar%1:23:00:: | definition=the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents
2. sense_key=dollar%1:21:00:: | definition=a piece of paper money worth one dollar | synonyms=dollar bill, one dollar bill, buck, clam
3. sense_key=dollar%1:21:01:: | definition=a United States coin worth one dollar | examples=the dollar coin has never been popular in the United States
4. sense_key=dollar%1:10:00:: | definition=a symbol of commercialism or greed | synonyms=dollar mark, dollar sign | examples=he worships the almighty dollar; the dollar sign means little to him

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "dollar" in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
- The text is about financial markets, trading volumes, economic indicators, retail sales, consumer confidence, and currency exchange rates.
- Specifically, it mentions: "The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro..."
- This clearly refers to the currency "dollar" (specifically the US dollar) rising against the Euro.

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=dollar%1:23:00:: | definition=the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents
   - This is the general monetary unit sense. The dollar as a currency.

2. sense_key=dollar%1:21:00:: | definition=a piece of paper money worth one dollar | synonyms=dollar bill, one dollar bill, buck, clam
   - This refers to the physical paper bill.

3. sense_key=dollar%1:21:01:: | definition=a United States coin worth one dollar | examples=the dollar coin has never been popular in the United States
   - This refers to the physical coin.

4. sense_key=dollar%1:10:00:: | definition=a symbol of commercialism or greed | synonyms=dollar mark, dollar sign | examples=he worships the almighty dollar; the dollar sign means little to him
   - This is a figurative sense about commercialism/greed.

In the context, "the renewed rise of the dollar" refers to the currency's value increasing against the Euro. This is about the monetary unit/currency itself, not a specific physical bill or coin, nor a symbol of greed.

The context is about foreign exchange rates: "rise of the dollar... against the Euro". This refers to the currency as a monetary unit.

Sense 1 (dollar%1:23:00::) is "the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents" - this is the currency sense.

Sense 2 is the paper bill.
Sense 3 is the coin.
Sense 4 is the symbol of commercialism.

The correct sense is clearly sense 1, as it refers to the US dollar as a currency unit trading against the Euro.

Wait, let me double-check the WordNet sense indices. The user lists them as:
1. sense_key=dollar%1:23:00::
2. sense_key=dollar%1:21:00::
3. sense_key=dollar%1:21:01::
4. sense_key=dollar%1:10:00::

So I need to return {"sense_index": 1}.

But let me verify the WordNet senses to make sure I'm interpreting correctly:
- dollar%1:23:00:: is indeed the monetary unit (currency).
- dollar%1:21:00:: is the paper money (bill).
- dollar%1:21:01:: is the coin.
- dollar%1:10:00:: is the symbol.

In the context of "rise of the dollar against the Euro", this is definitely referring to the currency/medium of exchange, not a physical bill or coin. When we talk about currency exchange rates, we use sense 1.

Therefore, the answer is sense_index: 1.

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: high
Target surface form: high
Context:
Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month <t>high</t> against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology securities have thereby lost some ground.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=high%1:07:00:: | definition=a lofty level or position or degree | examples=summer temperatures reached an all-time high
2. sense_key=high%1:26:00:: | definition=an air mass of higher than normal pressure | examples=the east coast benefits from a Bermuda high
3. sense_key=high%1:26:02:: | definition=a state of sustained elation | examples=I'm on a permanent high these days
4. sense_key=high%1:26:01:: | definition=a state of altered consciousness induced by alcohol or narcotics | examples=they took drugs to get a high on
5. sense_key=high%1:15:00:: | definition=a high place | synonyms=heights | examples=they stood on high and observed the countryside; he doesn't like heights
6. sense_key=high%1:14:00:: | definition=a public secondary school usually including grades 9 through 12 | synonyms=senior high school, senior high, highschool | examples=he goes to the neighborhood highschool
7. sense_key=high%1:06:00:: | definition=a forward gear with a gear ratio that gives the greatest vehicle velocity for a given engine speed | synonyms=high gear

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "high" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The text is about financial markets, specifically discussing the dollar's value against the Euro.
 - The specific phrase is: "a new two-month high against the Euro"
 - This refers to the dollar reaching a high level/position/value against the Euro.
 - It's talking about the exchange rate reaching a high point.

 Looking at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=high%1:07:00:: | definition=a lofty level or position or degree | examples=summer temperatures reached an all-time high
    - This seems to fit. "a new two-month high" refers to a lofty level or position (in terms of value/exchange rate).
    - The example "summer temperatures reached an all-time high" is analogous to "the dollar reached a new two-month high".

 2. sense_key=high%1:26:00:: | definition=an air mass of higher than normal pressure | examples=the east coast benefits from a Bermuda high
    - This is a meteorological term. Not relevant here.

 3. sense_key=high%1:26:02:: | definition=a state of sustained elation | examples=I'm on a permanent high these days
    - This is about emotional state. Not relevant.

 4. sense_key=high%1:26:01:: | definition=a state of altered consciousness induced by alcohol or narcotics | examples=they took drugs to get a high on
    - This is about drug-induced states. Not relevant.

 5. sense_key=high%1:15:00:: | definition=a high place | synonyms=heights | examples=they stood on high and observed the countryside; he doesn't like heights
    - This refers to physical elevation/altitude. Not relevant for currency exchange rates.

 6. sense_key=high%1:14:00:: | definition=a public secondary school usually including grades 9 through 12 | synonyms=senior high school, senior high, highschool | examples=he goes to the neighborhood highschool
    - This is about education. Not relevant.

 7. sense_key=high%1:06:00:: | definition=a forward gear with a gear ratio that gives the greatest vehicle velocity for a given engine speed | synonyms=high gear
    - This is about car gears. Not relevant.

 The correct sense is clearly sense 1: "a lofty level or position or degree". In financial contexts, when we say a currency hit a "high", we mean it reached a high level or value - analogous to temperatures reaching a high.

 The phrase "two-month high" means the highest level it has been at in two months.

 Therefore, the answer should be {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: ModelRun


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: pressure
Target surface form: pressure
Context:
Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward <t>pressure</t> on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology securities have thereby lost some ground.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=pressure%1:19:00:: | definition=the force applied to a unit area of surface; measured in pascals (SI unit) or in dynes (cgs unit) | synonyms=pressure level, force per unit area | examples=the compressed gas exerts an increased pressure
2. sense_key=pressure%1:07:00:: | definition=a force that compels | examples=the public brought pressure to bear on the government
3. sense_key=pressure%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of pressing; the exertion of pressure | synonyms=press, pressing | examples=he gave the button a press; he used pressure to stop the bleeding
4. sense_key=pressure%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of demanding notice or attention | synonyms=imperativeness, insistence, insistency, press | examples=the insistence of their hunger; the press of business matters
5. sense_key=pressure%1:09:00:: | definition=the somatic sensation that results from applying force to an area of skin | synonyms=pressure sensation | examples=the sensitivity of his skin to pressure and temperature was normal
6. sense_key=pressure%1:26:01:: | definition=an oppressive condition of physical or mental or social or economic distress
7. sense_key=pressure%1:19:01:: | definition=the pressure exerted by the atmosphere | synonyms=atmospheric pressure, air pressure

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "pressure" in the given context.

Context analysis:
The sentence is: "The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which 'puts downward <t>pressure</t> on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation'"

Key points:
- It's about financial markets/economics
- The dollar rising puts "downward pressure" on certain sectors
- This is metaphorical usage - economic pressure, not physical force
- The pressure is causing the sectors to be negatively affected (slowed down)

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. pressure%1:19:00:: - Physical force applied to unit area (physics). This is literal physical pressure. Not applicable here as it's about economic/market pressure.

2. pressure%1:07:00:: - "a force that compels" - This could work metaphorically. The rising dollar compels the sectors to go down.

3. pressure%1:04:00:: - "the act of pressing; the exertion of pressure" - This is about the physical act. Not right.

4. pressure%1:26:00:: - "the state of demanding notice or attention" - This is about urgency/importance (like "the press of business"). Not quite right for economic downward pressure.

5. pressure%1:09:00:: - Somatic sensation (feeling pressure on skin). Not applicable.

6. pressure%1:26:01:: - "an oppressive condition of physical or mental or social or economic distress" - This mentions "economic distress" explicitly. The context is about economic pressure on sectors.

7. pressure%1:19:01:: - Atmospheric pressure. Not applicable.

Now between sense 2 and sense 6:

Sense 2: "a force that compels" - This is more about influence or coercion. Example: "the public brought pressure to bear on the government"

Sense 6: "an oppressive condition of physical or mental or social or economic distress" - This fits "downward pressure on sectors" - it's describing an economic condition that is oppressive/distressful to the sectors.

However, looking at typical usage in financial contexts:
"Put pressure on" in economics usually means exerting a force that pushes something in a direction (downward pressure = pushing prices down).

Actually, looking more carefully at WordNet:
Sense 2 (pressure%1:07:00::) is defined as "a force that compels" - this is the metaphorical extension of physical force.
Sense 6 (pressure%1:26:01::) is about distress/conditions.

In the phrase "puts downward pressure on", we're talking about a force acting on the sectors to push them down (prices/stocks going down). This is closer to sense 2 - a compelling force.

But let me check the examples for sense 2: "the public brought pressure to bear on the government" - this is exactly the same construction "brought pressure to bear" / "puts pressure on".

Sense 6 examples aren't provided, but the definition mentions "oppressive condition... of economic distress". While the sectors are experiencing distress, the phrase "puts downward pressure on" suggests an active force being applied, not just a state of distress.

Actually, looking at WordNet structure:
- Sense 1: physical force (physics)
- Sense 2: abstract force (compulsion)
- Sense 6: condition/state of distress

In financial English, "downward pressure on prices" is standard terminology meaning a force pushing prices down. This aligns with sense 2 - a force that compels (the prices to move down).

Sense 6 would be more like "living under economic pressure" or "the pressure of poverty" - a state of being.

The context says "puts downward pressure on the sectors" - this is an active causal force from the dollar rise affecting the sectors. This is sense 2.

Wait, let me reconsider sense 6. Definition: "an oppressive condition of physical or mental or social or economic distress". If we parse "downward pressure" as a type of economic distress, could it fit? The sectors are under pressure (distress) because of the dollar.

But the verb "puts... on" suggests transfer of force, not state of being. You "put pressure on" someone (sense 2), you don't typically "put an oppressive condition on" someone in this way.

Also, looking at the synonyms for sense 2: none listed, but the hypernym is "force".
For sense 6: no synonyms listed in the candidate, but in WordNet it includes "pressures" (plural).

Actually, checking standard WSD for "pressure" in financial contexts:
- "Pressure on prices" is typically sense 2 (force that compels) or sense 1 metaphorically extended.
- But WordNet usually distinguishes physical (1,7) from abstract (2).

Sense 2 is the abstract force sense: "a force that compels"
This fits: the dollar rise creates a force that compels the sectors downward.

Sense 6 is the state/condition sense: "oppressive condition... of economic distress"
This would fit if we said "the sectors are under pressure" meaning they are in distress.

But the specific phrase "puts downward pressure on" is causative - it's about applying a force. So sense 2 is better.

However, I should check if there's a specific financial/economic sense. Looking at the list, sense 6 mentions "economic distress" explicitly, which might make it attractive.

Let me look at the exact wording again: "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation"

This is describing market dynamics. The strong dollar creates downward pressure (a force pushing down) on these sectors.

In WordNet:
- Sense 2: "a force that compels" - examples: "the public brought pressure to bear on the government"
- Sense 6: "an oppressive condition..."

The example for sense 2 is very similar to our construction ("brought pressure to bear on" vs "puts... pressure on").

Also, "downward" modifies "pressure" indicating direction, which makes sense for a force (sense 2) but less for a condition of distress (sense 6). You can have "downward force" but "downward distress" is odd.

Therefore, sense 2 (pressure%1:07:00::) is the best choice.

Wait, I need to check the index numbers. The user lists:
1. sense_key=pressure%1:19:00::
2. sense_key=pressure%1:07:00::
3. sense_key=pressure%1:04:00::
4. sense_key=pressure%1:26:00::
5. sense_key=pressure%1:09:00::
6. sense_key=pressure%1:26:01::
7. sense_key=pressure%1:19:01::

So sense 2 in the list is pressure%1:07:00::.

But let me double-check sense 6 (pressure%1:26:01::). Could "economic pressure" be this sense?
Definition: "an oppressive condition of physical or mental or social or economic distress"
Yes, it explicitly mentions "economic distress".

However, the phrase "put pressure on" is an idiom meaning to apply force/compulsion. This maps to sense 2.

For example:
- "The boss put pressure on me to finish the work" = sense 2 (compulsion)
- "I feel a lot of pressure at work" = could be sense 6 (state of distress) or sense 2

In our text: "which puts downward pressure on the sectors" - the subject is "a renewed rise of the dollar", the object is "the sectors". The dollar rise applies a force to the sectors.

This is clearly sense 2.

One final check: could it be sense 1 (physical force) used metaphorically? WordNet usually wants the specific abstract sense if available. Since sense 2 exists for abstract force, we should use that rather than metaphorically extending sense 1.

Also, the definition of sense 2 mentions "force", and in economics "downward pressure" is treated as a market force.

Decision: sense_index 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sector
Target surface form: sectors
Context:
Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the <t>sectors</t> that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology securities have thereby lost some ground.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sector%1:25:00:: | definition=a plane figure bounded by two radii and the included arc of a circle
2. sense_key=sector%1:14:00:: | definition=a social group that forms part of the society or the economy | examples=the public sector
3. sense_key=sector%1:09:00:: | definition=a particular aspect of life or activity | synonyms=sphere | examples=he was helpless in an important sector of his life
4. sense_key=sector%1:23:00:: | definition=the minimum track length that can be assigned to store information; unless otherwise specified a sector of data consists of 512 bytes
5. sense_key=sector%1:15:00:: | definition=a portion of a military position
6. sense_key=sector%1:06:00:: | definition=measuring instrument consisting of two graduated arms hinged at one end

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "sectors" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text is about financial markets, economic indicators, retail sales, consumer confidence, dollar exchange rates, and technology securities.
 - The specific sentence containing "sectors" is: "The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which 'puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation', explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank."
 - The context mentions "sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation" and later mentions "Technology securities" as an example or related point.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sector%1:25:00:: - a plane figure bounded by two radii and the included arc of a circle (geometric meaning)
    - This is clearly not the meaning here. The text is about economics/finance, not geometry.

 2. sector%1:14:00:: - a social group that forms part of the society or the economy | examples=the public sector
    - This seems promising. It refers to parts of the economy. The example "public sector" fits with economic contexts.
    - In the text, "sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation" refers to parts/segments of the economy or market (like technology sector, financial sector, etc.).

 3. sector%1:09:00:: - a particular aspect of life or activity | synonyms=sphere | examples=he was helpless in an important sector of his life
    - This is more about abstract aspects of life, not economic/industrial sectors.
    - While "sphere" is a synonym, the example suggests a more personal/life aspect rather than economic segments.

 4. sector%1:23:00:: - the minimum track length that can be assigned to store information; unless otherwise specified a sector of data consists of 512 bytes
    - This is about computer storage/disk sectors. Not relevant to the financial context.

 5. sector%1:15:00:: - a portion of a military position
    - Military context. Not relevant here.

 6. sector%1:06:00:: - measuring instrument consisting of two graduated arms hinged at one end
    - A physical tool. Not relevant.

 So the choice is between sense 2 and possibly sense 3.

 Sense 2 (sector%1:14:00::) specifically mentions "the economy" in its definition: "a social group that forms part of the society or the economy". The example "the public sector" is an economic term.

 In the context, "sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation" clearly refers to economic sectors or industry sectors (like the technology sector mentioned in the next sentence: "Technology securities have thereby lost some ground").

 Therefore, sense 2 is the correct choice.

 Wait, let me double-check the sense indices. The user lists them as:
 1. sense_key=sector%1:25:00::
 2. sense_key=sector%1:14:00::
 3. sense_key=sector%1:09:00::
 4. sense_key=sector%1:23:00::
 5. sense_key=sector%1:15:00::
 6. sense_key=sector%1:06:00::

 So sense 2 corresponds to sector%1:14:00::.

 The definition for sense 2 is: "a social group that forms part of the society or the economy"
 Examples: "the public sector"

 This matches perfectly with "sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation" in the financial context.

 Sense 3 is about "a particular aspect of life or activity" with example "he was helpless in an important sector of his life" - this is more metaphorical/personal.

 Therefore, the answer should be {"sense_index": 2}.

provider: Chutes


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: situation
Target surface form: situation
Context:
Frankly, the market is very calm, observes Mace Blicksilver of Marblehead Asset Management. It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic <t>situation</t>", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology securities have thereby lost some ground.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=situation%1:26:00:: | definition=the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time; ; ; - Franklin D.Roosevelt | synonyms=state of affairs | examples=the present international situation is dangerous; wondered how such a state of affairs had come about
2. sense_key=situation%1:26:01:: | definition=a condition or position in which you find yourself | synonyms=position | examples=the unpleasant situation (or position) of having to choose between two evils; found herself in a very fortunate situation
3. sense_key=situation%1:26:02:: | definition=a complex or critical or unusual difficulty | examples=the dangerous situation developed suddenly; that's quite a situation
4. sense_key=situation%1:15:00:: | definition=physical position in relation to the surroundings | synonyms=site | examples=the sites are determined by highly specific sequences of nucleotides
5. sense_key=situation%1:04:00:: | definition=a job in an organization | synonyms=position, post, berth, office, spot, billet | examples=he occupied a post in the treasury

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "situation" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text is about financial markets, economic indicators, retail sales, consumer confidence, currency exchange rates (dollar vs Euro)
 - The specific sentence containing "situation": "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic <t>situation</t>"

 The phrase is "economic situation". This refers to the general state of the economy - the combination of circumstances at a given time regarding economic conditions.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=situation%1:26:00:: | definition=the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time; ; ; - Franklin D.Roosevelt | synonyms=state of affairs | examples=the present international situation is dangerous; wondered how such a state of affairs had come about

 This seems to fit best. "Economic situation" refers to the general state of economic affairs, the combination of economic circumstances at a given time. The synonym "state of affairs" fits well here.

 2. sense_key=situation%1:26:01:: | definition=a condition or position in which you find yourself | synonyms=position | examples=the unpleasant situation (or position) of having to choose between two evils; found herself in a very fortunate situation

 This refers more to a personal predicament or position someone finds themselves in. While "economic situation" could theoretically be used this way, in this context it's referring to the general economic state, not a specific position someone finds themselves in.

 3. sense_key=situation%1:26:02:: | definition=a complex or critical or unusual difficulty | examples=the dangerous situation developed suddenly; that's quite a situation

 This refers to a problematic or difficult circumstance. While economic conditions can be difficult, "economic situation" in this context is neutral/descriptive - referring to the general state, not necessarily a problem or difficulty.

 4. sense_key=situation%1:15:00:: | definition=physical position in relation to the surroundings | synonyms=site | examples=the sites are determined by highly specific sequences of nucleotides

 This is about physical location/site. Clearly not relevant here.

 5. sense_key=situation%1:04:00:: | definition=a job in an organization | synonyms=position, post, berth, office, spot, billet | examples=he occupied a post in the treasury

 This is about employment/jobs. Not relevant here.

 So the best sense is sense 1: "the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time" - which corresponds to sense_key=situation%1:26:00::.

 The context mentions "economic situation" which parallels examples like "the present international situation" - both referring to the general state of affairs in a particular domain (international relations vs economy).

 The sectors are sensitive to the economic "state of affairs" - the current economic conditions/circumstances.

 Therefore, the answer should be {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: security
Target surface form: securities
Context:
It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology <t>securities</t> have thereby lost some ground. The bond market has fallen.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=security%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being free from danger or injury | examples=we support the armed services in the name of national security
2. sense_key=security%1:21:01:: | definition=defense against financial failure; financial independence | synonyms=protection | examples=his pension gave him security in his old age; insurance provided protection against loss of wages due to illness
3. sense_key=security%1:12:00:: | definition=freedom from anxiety or fear | examples=the watch dog gave her a feeling of security
4. sense_key=security%1:21:04:: | definition=a formal declaration that documents a fact of relevance to finance and investment; the holder has a right to receive interest or dividends | synonyms=certificate | examples=he held several valuable securities
5. sense_key=security%1:21:00:: | definition=property that your creditor can claim in case you default on your obligation | synonyms=surety | examples=bankers are reluctant to lend without good security
6. sense_key=security%1:14:00:: | definition=a department responsible for the security of the institution's property and workers | synonyms=security department | examples=the head of security was a former policeman
7. sense_key=security%1:10:00:: | definition=a guarantee that an obligation will be met | synonyms=surety
8. sense_key=security%1:06:00:: | definition=an electrical device that sets off an alarm when someone tries to break in | synonyms=security system, security measure
9. sense_key=security%1:04:00:: | definition=measures taken as a precaution against theft or espionage or sabotage etc. | synonyms=security measures | examples=military security has been stepped up since the recent uprising

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "securities" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text is about financial markets, trading volumes, economic indicators, retail sales, consumer confidence, dollar rise, bond market.
 - The specific sentence: "Technology <t>securities</t> have thereby lost some ground. The bond market has fallen."
 - This is clearly about financial instruments/stocks.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. security%1:26:00:: - the state of being free from danger or injury (national security context) - NOT financial instruments
 2. security%1:21:01:: - defense against financial failure; financial independence (pension, insurance) - NOT tradable instruments
 3. security%1:12:00:: - freedom from anxiety or fear (feeling of security) - emotional state
 4. security%1:21:04:: - a formal declaration that documents a fact of relevance to finance and investment; the holder has a right to receive interest or dividends; synonyms=certificate; examples="he held several valuable securities" - THIS MATCHES
 5. security%1:21:00:: - property that your creditor can claim in case you default (collateral) - NOT tradable stocks/bonds in this context
 6. security%1:14:00:: - security department (personnel) - NOT relevant
 7. security%1:10:00:: - a guarantee that an obligation will be met - NOT relevant
 8. security%1:06:00:: - security system (electrical device) - NOT relevant
 9. security%1:04:00:: - security measures (precautions) - NOT relevant

 The context clearly refers to financial instruments traded in markets. The phrase "Technology securities" refers to stocks or financial instruments in the technology sector. The mention of "bond market" and "trading volumes" confirms this is about financial markets.

 Sense 4 (security%1:21:04::) is defined as: "a formal declaration that documents a fact of relevance to finance and investment; the holder has a right to receive interest or dividends" with synonyms "certificate" and example "he held several valuable securities".

 This is the correct sense. The word "securities" in financial contexts almost always refers to this sense (stocks, bonds, etc.).

 The index for this sense in the candidate list is 4 (since it's listed as the 4th item).

 Wait, let me check the numbering:
 1. sense_key=security%1:26:00::
 2. sense_key=security%1:21:01::
 3. sense_key=security%1:12:00::
 4. sense_key=security%1:21:04::
 5. sense_key=security%1:21:00::
 6. sense_key=security%1:14:00::
 7. sense_key=security%1:10:00::
 8. sense_key=security%1:06:00::
 9. sense_key=security%1:04:00::

 Yes, sense 4 is the one about financial instruments (stocks, bonds, certificates).

 The context mentions "Technology securities" losing ground alongside discussion of the bond market, retail sales, and trading volumes. This is clearly about financial securities.

 Therefore, the answer should be {"sense_index": 4}.

provider: Phala


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: ground
Target surface form: ground
Context:
It remains within a narrow margin; trading volumes have become very weak, and I think that this will remain the case until the end of the year. The trend was supported by the publication of better than expected economic indicators, which "have contributed to improving market opinion in relation to the robustness of the economic recovery", summarised Charles Schwab's analysts. In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology securities have thereby lost some <t>ground</t>. The bond market has fallen.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ground%1:17:00:: | definition=the solid part of the earth's surface | synonyms=land, dry land, earth, solid ground, terra firma | examples=the plane turned away from the sea and moved back over land; the earth shook for several minutes
2. sense_key=ground%1:16:00:: | definition=a rational motive for a belief or action | synonyms=reason | examples=the reason that war was declared; the grounds for their declaration
3. sense_key=ground%1:27:00:: | definition=the loose soft material that makes up a large part of the land surface | synonyms=earth | examples=they dug into the earth outside the church
4. sense_key=ground%1:24:00:: | definition=a relation that provides the foundation for something | synonyms=footing, basis | examples=they were on a friendly footing; he worked on an interim basis
5. sense_key=ground%1:15:00:: | definition=a position to be won or defended in battle (or as if in battle) | examples=they gained ground step by step; they fought to regain the lost ground
6. sense_key=ground%1:09:00:: | definition=the part of a scene (or picture) that lies behind objects in the foreground | synonyms=background | examples=he posed her against a background of rolling hills
7. sense_key=ground%1:17:01:: | definition=material in the top layer of the surface of the earth in which plants can grow (especially with reference to its quality or use) | synonyms=land, soil | examples=the land had never been plowed; good agricultural soil
8. sense_key=ground%1:09:01:: | definition=a relatively homogeneous percept extending back of the figure on which attention is focused
9. sense_key=ground%1:06:02:: | definition=a connection between an electrical device and a large conducting body, such as the earth (which is taken to be at zero voltage) | synonyms=earth
10. sense_key=ground%1:06:01:: | definition=(art) the surface (as a wall or canvas) prepared to take the paint for a painting
11. sense_key=ground%1:06:00:: | definition=the first or preliminary coat of paint or size applied to a surface | synonyms=flat coat, primer, priming, primer coat, priming coat, undercoat

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the word "ground" in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
- The text is about financial markets, trading volumes, economic indicators, retail sales, consumer confidence, dollar rise, etc.
- The specific sentence: "Technology securities have thereby lost some <t>ground</t>."
- This is an idiomatic expression: "lost ground" means to lose advantage, position, or progress.

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. ground%1:17:00:: - the solid part of the earth's surface (physical land)
2. ground%1:16:00:: - a rational motive for a belief or action (reason/grounds)
3. ground%1:27:00:: - loose soft material (soil/dirt)
4. ground%1:24:00:: - a relation that provides foundation (footing/basis)
5. ground%1:15:00:: - a position to be won or defended in battle (or as if in battle) - examples: "they gained ground step by step; they fought to regain the lost ground"
6. ground%1:09:00:: - part of scene behind foreground (background)
7. ground%1:17:01:: - material in top layer where plants grow (soil/land)
8. ground%1:09:01:: - percept extending back of figure
9. ground%1:06:02:: - electrical connection to earth
10. ground%1:06:01:: - surface prepared for painting
11. ground%1:06:00:: - first coat of paint

The phrase "lost some ground" in the context of technology securities (stocks) losing value or position due to dollar rise...

Looking at sense 5: "a position to be won or defended in battle (or as if in battle)" with examples "they gained ground step by step; they fought to regain the lost ground"

This fits perfectly. In financial contexts, "losing ground" means losing position, advantage, or making losses relative to others or previous positions. The examples explicitly mention "lost ground" in the context of fighting/battle, and this is metaphorically extended to competitive situations like markets.

Sense 4 (basis/footing) could be tempting, but the examples "they were on a friendly footing" don't match as well as the battle/position metaphor of sense 5.

Sense 5 specifically mentions "gained ground" and "lost ground" in the examples, which matches the target phrase "lost some ground".

Therefore, the correct sense is sense_key=ground%1:15:00::, which is index 5 in the list provided (1-indexed).

Wait, let me check the indexing. The user lists:
1. sense_key=ground%1:17:00::
2. sense_key=ground%1:16:00::
3. sense_key=ground%1:27:00::
4. sense_key=ground%1:24:00::
5. sense_key=ground%1:15:00::
...

So sense 5 is indeed ground%1:15:00::.

The phrase "lost ground" is an idiom meaning to lose advantage or position, which aligns with sense 5: "a position to be won or defended in battle (or as if in battle)".

The context is about technology securities losing position/value due to dollar rise pressure.

Yes, sense 5 is the correct answer.

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bond
Target surface form: bond
Context:
In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology securities have thereby lost some ground. The bond market has fallen. Treasury 10-year <t>bond</t> yields have grown to 3.540% against 3.482% on Tuesday evening, and 30-year bond yields are at 4.497% against 4.492% the previous evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bond%1:19:00:: | definition=an electrical force linking atoms | synonyms=chemical bond
2. sense_key=bond%1:21:02:: | definition=a certificate of debt (usually interest-bearing or discounted) that is issued by a government or corporation in order to raise money; the issuer is required to pay a fixed sum annually until maturity and then a fixed sum to repay the principal | synonyms=bond certificate
3. sense_key=bond%1:24:00:: | definition=a connection based on kinship or marriage or common interest | synonyms=alliance | examples=the shifting alliances within a large family; their friendship constitutes a powerful bond between them
4. sense_key=bond%1:21:03:: | definition=(criminal law) money that must be forfeited by the bondsman if an accused person fails to appear in court for trial | synonyms=bail, bail bond | examples=the judge set bail at $10,000; a $10,000 bond was furnished by an alderman
5. sense_key=bond%1:06:00:: | definition=a restraint that confines or restricts freedom (especially something used to tie down or restrain a prisoner) | synonyms=shackle, hamper, trammel
6. sense_key=bond%1:06:01:: | definition=a connection that fastens things together | synonyms=attachment
7. sense_key=bond%1:27:00:: | definition=a superior quality of strong durable white writing paper; originally made for printing documents | synonyms=bond paper
8. sense_key=bond%1:18:00:: | definition=United States civil rights leader who was elected to the legislature in Georgia but was barred from taking his seat because he opposed the Vietnam War (born 1940) | synonyms=Julian Bond
9. sense_key=bond%1:18:01:: | definition=British secret operative 007 in novels by Ian Fleming | synonyms=James Bond
10. sense_key=bond%1:07:00:: | definition=the property of sticking together (as of glue and wood) or the joining of surfaces of different composition | synonyms=adhesiveness, adhesion, adherence | examples=the mutual adhesiveness of cells; a heated hydraulic press was required for adhesion

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "bond" in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
- The text is about financial markets, specifically discussing retail sales, consumer confidence, dollar value, technology securities, and the bond market.
- The specific sentence mentions: "The bond market has fallen. Treasury 10-year bond yields have grown to 3.540%..."
- It mentions "Treasury 10-year bond yields" and "30-year bond yields"
- This is clearly referring to financial instruments - debt securities issued by the government (Treasury bonds).

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=bond%1:19:00:: - electrical force linking atoms (chemical bond) - This is chemistry/physics, not finance.
2. sense_key=bond%1:21:02:: - a certificate of debt... issued by a government or corporation... fixed sum annually... repay principal - This matches perfectly. Treasury bonds are government debt certificates.
3. sense_key=bond%1:24:00:: - connection based on kinship/marriage - This is about relationships, not finance.
4. sense_key=bond%1:21:03:: - money forfeited by bondsman if accused fails to appear (bail) - This is legal/criminal law context, not financial markets.
5. sense_key=bond%1:06:00:: - restraint/confines freedom (shackle) - Physical restraint, not financial.
6. sense_key=bond%1:06:01:: - connection that fastens things together - Physical connection.
7. sense_key=bond%1:27:00:: - quality of writing paper (bond paper) - Paper type.
8. sense_key=bond%1:18:00:: - Julian Bond (person) - Proper noun, person.
9. sense_key=bond%1:18:01:: - James Bond (fictional character) - Proper noun, fictional character.
10. sense_key=bond%1:07:00:: - property of sticking together (adhesion) - Physical property.

The context clearly refers to financial bonds - specifically Treasury bonds (government debt securities). This matches sense 2: "a certificate of debt (usually interest-bearing or discounted) that is issued by a government or corporation in order to raise money..."

The mention of "bond market", "Treasury 10-year bond yields", and "30-year bond yields" confirms this is the financial instrument sense.

Therefore, the correct sense index is 2.

Wait, let me double-check the indexing. The user lists them as:
1. sense_key=bond%1:19:00::
2. sense_key=bond%1:21:02::
3. sense_key=bond%1:24:00::
...

So sense 2 is the one with key bond%1:21:02::, which is the financial debt certificate.

Yes, that's correct.

The answer should be: {"sense_index": 2}

provider: Venice


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: yield
Target surface form: yields
Context:
In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology securities have thereby lost some ground. The bond market has fallen. Treasury 10-year bond <t>yields</t> have grown to 3.540% against 3.482% on Tuesday evening, and 30-year bond yields are at 4.497% against 4.492% the previous evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=yield%1:04:00:: | definition=production of a certain amount | synonyms=output
2. sense_key=yield%1:21:00:: | definition=the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property | synonyms=return, issue, take, takings, proceeds, payoff | examples=the average return was about 5%
3. sense_key=yield%1:06:00:: | definition=an amount of a product | synonyms=fruit
4. sense_key=yield%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity of something (as a commodity) that is created (usually within a given period of time) | synonyms=output, production | examples=production was up in the second quarter

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "yields" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The text is about financial markets, specifically bond markets.
 - "Treasury 10-year bond yields have grown to 3.540% against 3.482% on Tuesday evening"
 - "30-year bond yields are at 4.497% against 4.492% the previous evening"
 - The yields are expressed as percentages (3.540%, 4.497%), which is typical for bond yields/interest rates.

 Candidate sense analysis:
 1. sense_key=yield%1:04:00:: | definition=production of a certain amount | synonyms=output
    - This seems to be about general production/output, not specifically financial returns on bonds.

 2. sense_key=yield%1:21:00:: | definition=the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property | synonyms=return, issue, take, takings, proceeds, payoff | examples=the average return was about 5%
    - This is about income/profit from transactions like sale of land or property.
    - The example mentions "return" as a percentage (5%).
    - Bond yields are essentially the return/income from holding bonds.
    - This seems like a strong candidate.

 3. sense_key=yield%1:06:00:: | definition=an amount of a product | synonyms=fruit
    - This is about physical products, not financial instruments.

 4. sense_key=yield%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity of something (as a commodity) that is created (usually within a given period of time) | synonyms=output, production | examples=production was up in the second quarter
    - This is about quantity of commodities produced, not financial returns.

 Comparing sense 2 and others:
 - Sense 2 specifically mentions "income or profit arising from such transactions" and has synonyms like "return", "payoff".
 - In finance, "yield" refers to the income return on an investment, such as the interest or dividends received from holding a security (like a bond).
 - The context mentions "Treasury 10-year bond yields" with percentages, which matches the financial return sense.

 However, I need to check if there's a more specific financial sense. Looking at the candidates provided:
 - Sense 2 is the only one that mentions income/profit/return in a financial context.
 - The example "the average return was about 5%" aligns perfectly with bond yields being expressed as percentages.

 Therefore, sense 2 (yield%1:21:00::) appears to be the correct choice.

 Wait, let me double-check the WordNet sense keys to make sure I'm interpreting them correctly:
 - yield%1:21:00:: - noun, usually financial return
 - yield%1:04:00:: - noun, production/output (general)
 - yield%1:06:00:: - noun, an amount of product
 - yield%1:23:00:: - noun, quantity created (commodity production)

 In financial contexts, bond yields are indeed the return on investment, which aligns with sense 2.

 The context clearly discusses:
 - Bond market
 - Treasury bonds
 - Percentage rates (3.540%, etc.)
 - These are returns on investment

 So the answer should be sense_index: 2.

 Wait, I need to be careful about the indexing. The user lists:
 1. sense_key=yield%1:04:00::
 2. sense_key=yield%1:21:00::
 3. sense_key=yield%1:06:00::
 4. sense_key=yield%1:23:00::

 So sense 2 is yield%1:21:00::.

 Actually, looking at standard WordNet:
 - yield%1:21:00:: is indeed "the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property"
 - This is the financial return sense.

 Yes, this is correct. Bond yields are the income/return from holding bonds.

 Final check: The user asks for a JSON object like {"sense_index": 3}. So I should return {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: evening
Target surface form: evening
Context:
In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology securities have thereby lost some ground. The bond market has fallen. Treasury 10-year bond yields have grown to 3.540% against 3.482% on Tuesday <t>evening</t>, and 30-year bond yields are at 4.497% against 4.492% the previous evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=evening%1:28:00:: | definition=the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall) | synonyms=eve, even, eventide | examples=he enjoyed the evening light across the lake
2. sense_key=evening%1:28:01:: | definition=a later concluding time period | examples=it was the evening of the Roman Empire
3. sense_key=evening%1:28:02:: | definition=the early part of night (from dinner until bedtime) spent in a special way | examples=an evening at the opera

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "evening" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The text is about financial markets, specifically bond yields
 - The specific sentence is: "Treasury 10-year bond yields have grown to 3.540% against 3.482% on Tuesday <t>evening</t>, and 30-year bond yields are at 4.497% against 4.492% the previous evening."
 - This is referring to a specific time of day - Tuesday evening vs the previous evening
 - It's comparing bond yields from Tuesday evening to the previous evening
 - This is clearly referring to the time period at the end of the day (late afternoon until nightfall)

 Candidate sense analysis:
 1. sense_key=evening%1:28:00:: | definition=the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall) | synonyms=eve, even, eventide | examples=he enjoyed the evening light across the lake
    - This matches the context perfectly. "Tuesday evening" refers to the latter part of Tuesday, specifically the period from late afternoon until nightfall. This is a standard temporal reference in financial reporting.

 2. sense_key=evening%1:28:01:: | definition=a later concluding time period | examples=it was the evening of the Roman Empire
    - This is a metaphorical use referring to a concluding period of something (like the "evening" of one's life or an empire). The context here is literal time of day, not metaphorical.

 3. sense_key=evening%1:28:02:: | definition=the early part of night (from dinner until bedtime) spent in a special way | examples=an evening at the opera
    - This refers to a social/activity period ("spent in a special way"). The context is about bond yields at a specific time, not about an activity or social occasion.

 The context clearly refers to a specific time of day (Tuesday evening vs previous evening) in a financial reporting context. This is the standard temporal meaning - the latter part of the day.

 Therefore, sense 1 is the correct choice.

 The user wants the output as: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bond
Target surface form: bond
Context:
In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology securities have thereby lost some ground. The bond market has fallen. Treasury 10-year bond yields have grown to 3.540% against 3.482% on Tuesday evening, and 30-year <t>bond</t> yields are at 4.497% against 4.492% the previous evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bond%1:19:00:: | definition=an electrical force linking atoms | synonyms=chemical bond
2. sense_key=bond%1:21:02:: | definition=a certificate of debt (usually interest-bearing or discounted) that is issued by a government or corporation in order to raise money; the issuer is required to pay a fixed sum annually until maturity and then a fixed sum to repay the principal | synonyms=bond certificate
3. sense_key=bond%1:24:00:: | definition=a connection based on kinship or marriage or common interest | synonyms=alliance | examples=the shifting alliances within a large family; their friendship constitutes a powerful bond between them
4. sense_key=bond%1:21:03:: | definition=(criminal law) money that must be forfeited by the bondsman if an accused person fails to appear in court for trial | synonyms=bail, bail bond | examples=the judge set bail at $10,000; a $10,000 bond was furnished by an alderman
5. sense_key=bond%1:06:00:: | definition=a restraint that confines or restricts freedom (especially something used to tie down or restrain a prisoner) | synonyms=shackle, hamper, trammel
6. sense_key=bond%1:06:01:: | definition=a connection that fastens things together | synonyms=attachment
7. sense_key=bond%1:27:00:: | definition=a superior quality of strong durable white writing paper; originally made for printing documents | synonyms=bond paper
8. sense_key=bond%1:18:00:: | definition=United States civil rights leader who was elected to the legislature in Georgia but was barred from taking his seat because he opposed the Vietnam War (born 1940) | synonyms=Julian Bond
9. sense_key=bond%1:18:01:: | definition=British secret operative 007 in novels by Ian Fleming | synonyms=James Bond
10. sense_key=bond%1:07:00:: | definition=the property of sticking together (as of glue and wood) or the joining of surfaces of different composition | synonyms=adhesiveness, adhesion, adherence | examples=the mutual adhesiveness of cells; a heated hydraulic press was required for adhesion

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) on the word "bond" in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
- The text is about financial markets, specifically US retail sales, consumer confidence, dollar value, technology securities, and bond markets.
- Key phrases: "The bond market has fallen", "Treasury 10-year bond yields", "30-year bond yields"
- This is clearly discussing financial instruments, specifically government debt securities (Treasury bonds).

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=bond%1:19:00:: - "an electrical force linking atoms" - This is chemistry/physics. Not relevant to financial context.

2. sense_key=bond%1:21:02:: - "a certificate of debt (usually interest-bearing or discounted) that is issued by a government or corporation in order to raise money; the issuer is required to pay a fixed sum annually until maturity and then a fixed sum to repay the principal" - synonyms=bond certificate. This matches the financial context perfectly. Treasury bonds are government debt securities.

3. sense_key=bond%1:24:00:: - "a connection based on kinship or marriage or common interest" - This is about social relationships. Not relevant.

4. sense_key=bond%1:21:03:: - "(criminal law) money that must be forfeited by the bondsman if an accused person fails to appear in court for trial" - This is bail/bond in legal context. Not relevant to Treasury yields.

5. sense_key=bond%1:06:00:: - "a restraint that confines or restricts freedom" - Physical restraints. Not relevant.

6. sense_key=bond%1:06:01:: - "a connection that fastens things together" - Physical attachment. Not relevant.

7. sense_key=bond%1:27:00:: - "a superior quality of strong durable white writing paper" - Paper type. Not relevant.

8. sense_key=bond%1:18:00:: - "United States civil rights leader..." - Julian Bond (person). Not relevant.

9. sense_key=bond%1:18:01:: - "British secret operative 007..." - James Bond (fictional character). Not relevant.

10. sense_key=bond%1:07:00:: - "the property of sticking together" - Adhesion. Not relevant.

The context clearly discusses:
- "The bond market has fallen"
- "Treasury 10-year bond yields"
- "30-year bond yields"

These refer to debt securities issued by the government (Treasury bonds). Therefore, sense 2 is the correct choice.

The instructions say:
- Do not answer with a WordNet sense key
- Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}

So I should return {"sense_index": 2} since sense 2 is the correct one (the certificate of debt/financial instrument sense).

Wait, let me double-check the indexing. The user lists:
1. sense_key=bond%1:19:00::
2. sense_key=bond%1:21:02::
3. sense_key=bond%1:24:00::
...

So index 2 corresponds to the financial/debt certificate sense.

Yes, that's correct. The context is about Treasury bonds, yields, and the bond market - all financial terms referring to debt securities.

Final answer: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: yield
Target surface form: yields
Context:
In the United States, retail sales have increased by 1.3% in November, for the second month in a row, and far more than predicted. Moreover, the confidence of American consumers has clearly bounced back in December, to 73.4 against 67.4 the previous month, according to preliminary estimates from Michigan University's index. The indices have, however, been slowed by a renewed rise of the dollar, to a new two-month high against the Euro, which "puts downward pressure on the sectors that are sensitive to the economic situation", explained Owen Fitzpatrick from Deutsche Bank. Technology securities have thereby lost some ground. The bond market has fallen. Treasury 10-year bond yields have grown to 3.540% against 3.482% on Tuesday evening, and 30-year bond <t>yields</t> are at 4.497% against 4.492% the previous evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=yield%1:04:00:: | definition=production of a certain amount | synonyms=output
2. sense_key=yield%1:21:00:: | definition=the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property | synonyms=return, issue, take, takings, proceeds, payoff | examples=the average return was about 5%
3. sense_key=yield%1:06:00:: | definition=an amount of a product | synonyms=fruit
4. sense_key=yield%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity of something (as a commodity) that is created (usually within a given period of time) | synonyms=output, production | examples=production was up in the second quarter

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "yields" in the given context. The target surface form is "yields" and the lemma is "yield".

Let me analyze the context:
- The text is about financial markets, specifically bond markets.
- "Treasury 10-year bond yields have grown to 3.540%..."
- "30-year bond yields are at 4.497%..."

So we're talking about bond yields - the return on investment for bonds, expressed as a percentage.

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=yield%1:04:00:: | definition=production of a certain amount | synonyms=output
   - This seems to be about general production/output, not financial returns.

2. sense_key=yield%1:21:00:: | definition=the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property | synonyms=return, issue, take, takings, proceeds, payoff | examples=the average return was about 5%
   - This is about income/profit from transactions. The example mentions "return" and a percentage (5%). This looks promising for bond yields, which represent the return/income from holding bonds.

3. sense_key=yield%1:06:00:: | definition=an amount of a product | synonyms=fruit
   - This is about physical products, agricultural or manufacturing output. Not relevant to financial bonds.

4. sense_key=yield%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity of something (as a commodity) that is created (usually within a given period of time) | synonyms=output, production | examples=production was up in the second quarter
   - This is about production quantity of commodities. While bonds are commodities in a broad sense, this seems more about physical production volume.

In financial contexts, "yield" refers to the income return on an investment, such as the interest or dividends received from holding a security. This matches sense 2: "the income or profit arising from such transactions..."

The example given for sense 2 is "the average return was about 5%" which aligns perfectly with bond yields expressed as percentages (3.540%, 4.497%).

Sense 1 and 4 are about production/output in a general or manufacturing sense.
Sense 3 is about an amount of product (like fruit).
Sense 2 is specifically about financial returns/income.

Therefore, the correct sense is index 2.

Wait, let me double-check the WordNet sense keys to make sure I understand the indices correctly. The user lists them as:
1. sense_key=yield%1:04:00::
2. sense_key=yield%1:21:00::
3. sense_key=yield%1:06:00::
4. sense_key=yield%1:23:00::

So I need to return the index number (1, 2, 3, or 4) that corresponds to the best sense.

Given the context of bond yields (financial returns), sense 2 is the best match.

Actually, looking more carefully at WordNet:
- yield%1:21:00:: is likely the financial sense (income/profit)
- yield%1:04:00:: might be the general production sense
- yield%1:06:00:: might be the agricultural/product sense
- yield%1:23:00:: might be the quantity produced sense

Yes, sense 2 (yield%1:21:00::) with definition "the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property" and synonyms including "return" and "payoff" is definitely the correct sense for bond yields.

The context mentions "Treasury 10-year bond yields" and "30-year bond yields" with percentage values, which are clearly referring to the return on these bonds.

So the answer should be {"sense_index": 2}.