[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cost
Target surface form: costs
Context:
The move signaled that the Obama administration is taking a harder line with China than Bush administration officials did just two years ago. The United States is not going to do a deal without the major developing countries stepping up and taking action, said Stern, who also complained that the text did not do enough to make sure the cuts could be verified by outside observers. Stern made his comments an hour after Chinese vice foreign minister He Yafei said America's top climate negotiator was either lacking "common sense" or being "extremely irresponsible" for saying earlier in the week that the United States would not help China financially to cope with global warming. With the future economic trajectory of the world's major powers at stake, fault lines have erupted both within the developing world and between the industrial world and emerging economies. The current battle is as much about saving individual economies as saving the planet, with China and United States feuding over their respective obligations while poorer nations insist that the world's two dozen most influential countries are ignoring the scientific imperative to take bolder action. Ricardo Ulate, a Costa Rican delegate, said it's not surprising that the major powers are fighting over who should bear the <t>costs</t> for curbing greenhouse gases, even as vulnerable countries have become more aggressive in seeking to hold the big emitters accountable for their actions. This is clearly a game where a new economic hegemony is being developed, said Ulate, who also serves as the regional Mexico and Central America climate change adviser for Conservation International.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cost%1:21:00:: | definition=the total spent for goods or services including money and time and labor
2. sense_key=cost%1:07:00:: | definition=the property of having material worth (often indicated by the amount of money something would bring if sold) | synonyms=monetary value, price | examples=the fluctuating monetary value of gold and silver; he puts a high price on his services
3. sense_key=cost%1:07:01:: | definition=value measured by what must be given or done or undergone to obtain something | synonyms=price, toll | examples=the cost in human life was enormous; the price of success is hard work

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "costs" in the given context. Let me analyze the context and the candidate senses.

Context analysis:
The sentence is: "Ricardo Ulate, a Costa Rican delegate, said it's not surprising that the major powers are fighting over who should bear the <t>costs</t> for curbing greenhouse gases..."

The context is about climate change negotiations, where countries are discussing who should pay for or bear the burden of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The phrase "bear the costs" suggests an obligation to pay or sacrifice something to achieve a goal (curbing greenhouse gases).

Candidate sense 1: "the total spent for goods or services including money and time and labor"
- This seems to refer to the actual expenditure or accounting cost of something.
- In the context, the "costs for curbing greenhouse gases" could fit here, but let's look at the others.

Candidate sense 2: "the property of having material worth (often indicated by the amount of money something would bring if sold)" with synonyms "monetary value, price"
- This refers to the value/price of an asset or good.
- Examples: "the fluctuating monetary value of gold and silver; he puts a high price on his services"
- This doesn't seem to fit well with "bear the costs for curbing greenhouse gases" - it's not about the value of something being sold.

Candidate sense 3: "value measured by what must be given or done or undergone to obtain something" with synonyms "price, toll"
- Examples: "the cost in human life was enormous; the price of success is hard work"
- This refers to the sacrifice, effort, or resources that must be expended to achieve something.
- The phrase "bear the costs for curbing greenhouse gases" fits perfectly here - it refers to the burden or sacrifice (financial or otherwise) that must be undertaken to achieve the goal of reducing emissions.
- The idiom "bear the cost" typically means to accept responsibility for paying for something or suffering the negative consequences, which aligns with sense 3's focus on what must be given or done to obtain something.

Comparing sense 1 and sense 3:
Sense 1 is more about the total amount spent (accounting/factual).
Sense 3 is more about the sacrifice or what must be given up (often used in phrases like "cost of war", "human cost", "at what cost").

In the context of international climate negotiations, "bear the costs" refers to which countries must make the sacrifices/expenditures to achieve the goal of emission reduction. This aligns better with sense 3, which emphasizes "what must be given or done or undergone to obtain something."

However, looking closely at sense 1: "the total spent for goods or services including money and time and labor" - this could also work for financial costs of environmental policies.

But the phrase "bear the costs" in political contexts about policy actions often emphasizes the burden/sacrifice aspect. Also, looking at the examples for sense 3: "the cost in human life was enormous" - this is about sacrifice to achieve something. Similarly, curbing greenhouse gases requires spending money and resources - what must be given to obtain the cleaner environment.

Wait, let me reconsider. In WordNet:
- Sense 1 (cost%1:21:00::) is usually the financial cost, the amount paid.
- Sense 2 (cost%1:07:00::) is monetary value/price (what something is worth).
- Sense 3 (cost%1:07:01::) is the sacrifice/price paid to achieve something.

The context "bear the costs for curbing greenhouse gases" - this is about which countries will pay for/pay the price for the measures needed to reduce emissions. This is about the financial burden or sacrifice required.

But actually, looking at standard WordNet sense discrimination:
- Sense 1 is the hypernym for specific types of costs, often used for "the cost of goods"
- Sense 3 is often used for metaphorical or sacrifice costs ("the cost of war")

However, in the context of "costs for curbing greenhouse gases", this refers to the expenses, expenditures, or financial burden that must be paid. This seems closest to sense 1.

But wait, let me look at the specific wording again. The sentence says "fighting over who should bear the costs". In international relations/economics, when we talk about bearing the cost of pollution reduction or climate mitigation, we usually mean which countries will pay the financial expenses. This could be sense 1.

However, sense 3 specifically mentions "price, toll" and examples like "the price of success". The "costs for curbing greenhouse gases" is similar to "the price of success" (where success = curbing greenhouse gases).

Let me check the WordNet hierarchy mentally:
- Sense 1: expense, expenditure, outlay (the money spent)
- Sense 3: toll, price (value measured by what must be given...)

Sense 1 examples in WordNet usually include things like "the cost of gas" or "operating costs".
Sense 3 examples include "cost in human life", "price of success".

In the given text: "who should bear the costs for curbing greenhouse gases"
This is asking which country should pay for (financially support) the efforts to reduce greenhouse gases. This is about financial responsibility.

But actually, looking at the synonyms provided in the candidate list:
Sense 2: monetary value, price
Sense 3: price, toll

Note that "price" appears in both sense 2 and 3, but with different meanings.

In sense 2, "price" means the amount something sells for (monetary value).
In sense 3, "price" means what must be paid/sacrificed to achieve something.

The phrase "bear the costs" + "for curbing" suggests the sacrifice/effort required to achieve the goal of curbing emissions. This strongly points to sense 3.

Also, looking at the broader context: "The current battle is as much about saving individual economies as saving the planet", "who should bear the costs", "fighting over obligations". This framing suggests a burden or sacrifice that must be undertaken (sense 3) rather than just a neutral accounting of expenses (sense 1).

However, I need to be careful. In many WSD datasets, "cost" referring to financial expenses of goods/services is sense 1. But "cost" referring to the sacrifice/price of achieving something is sense 3.

The phrase "costs for curbing greenhouse gases" - is this the expense of the services (sense 1) or the sacrifice required (sense 3)?

Given that the context mentions "financially" earlier ("United States would not help China financially"), and "economic trajectory", "economic hegemony", there is a strong economic/financial component. This might suggest sense 1.

But the specific construction "bear the costs for [goal]" is very close to sense 3's definition "value measured by what must be given or done or undergone to obtain something".

Let me reconsider the exact WordNet definitions:
1. cost%1:21:00:: - the total spent for goods or services including money and time and labor
3. cost%1:07:01:: - value measured by what must be given or done or undergone to obtain something

The word "costs" in "bear the costs for curbing greenhouse gases" is plural, which fits both.

But looking at examples provided for sense 3: "the cost in human life was enormous; the price of success is hard work"
And for sense 2: "the fluctuating monetary value of gold and silver; he puts a high price on his services"

The context is about which country pays for environmental mitigation. This is a financial obligation. But is it sense 1 or sense 3?

Sense 1 is about expenditure on goods/services.
Sense 3 is about the sacrifice to obtain something.

Actually, looking at WordNet online or standard usage:
- Sense 1 (noun) is usually the amount of money needed to purchase something (expense).
- Sense 3 is usually the sacrifices required to achieve something (e.g., "at great cost").

In the sentence, "fighting over who should bear the costs for curbing greenhouse gases", this is clearly about which nations must pay the financial price to achieve the goal of curbing emissions. This aligns perfectly with sense 3: "value measured by what must be given or done or undergone to obtain something".

The "value" here is the greenhouse gas curbing, and what must be given is the money/resources.

Sense 1 would fit if it were talking about "the costs of the project" in a neutral accounting sense, but with "bear the costs" and the political context of obligations and sacrifices for a policy goal, sense 3 is better.

Also, looking at the provided synonyms for sense 3: "price, toll" - "bear the toll" is a common phrase, and "bear the price" also works (though less common than "pay the price").

Decision: sense 3 is the best fit.

Wait, I should double-check if sense 1 could be argued. "The total spent for goods or services" - curbing greenhouse gases could be seen as a service (environmental service) or the costs could be the total spent for the goods/services involved in curbing emissions.

But the key phrase is "bear the costs". This idiom means "to pay the price" or "suffer the consequences/loss", which strongly aligns with sense 3 (sacrifice/toll/price paid).

Therefore, I choose sense 3.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: country
Target surface form: countries
Context:
The move signaled that the Obama administration is taking a harder line with China than Bush administration officials did just two years ago. The United States is not going to do a deal without the major developing countries stepping up and taking action, said Stern, who also complained that the text did not do enough to make sure the cuts could be verified by outside observers. Stern made his comments an hour after Chinese vice foreign minister He Yafei said America's top climate negotiator was either lacking "common sense" or being "extremely irresponsible" for saying earlier in the week that the United States would not help China financially to cope with global warming. With the future economic trajectory of the world's major powers at stake, fault lines have erupted both within the developing world and between the industrial world and emerging economies. The current battle is as much about saving individual economies as saving the planet, with China and United States feuding over their respective obligations while poorer nations insist that the world's two dozen most influential countries are ignoring the scientific imperative to take bolder action. Ricardo Ulate, a Costa Rican delegate, said it's not surprising that the major powers are fighting over who should bear the costs for curbing greenhouse gases, even as vulnerable <t>countries</t> have become more aggressive in seeking to hold the big emitters accountable for their actions. This is clearly a game where a new economic hegemony is being developed, said Ulate, who also serves as the regional Mexico and Central America climate change adviser for Conservation International.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=country%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=state, nation, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
2. sense_key=country%1:15:00:: | definition=the territory occupied by a nation | synonyms=state, land | examples=he returned to the land of his birth; he visited several European countries
3. sense_key=country%1:14:01:: | definition=the people who live in a nation or country | synonyms=nation, land | examples=a statement that sums up the nation's mood; the news was announced to the nation
4. sense_key=country%1:15:01:: | definition=an area outside of cities and towns | synonyms=rural area | examples=his poetry celebrated the slower pace of life in the country
5. sense_key=country%1:15:02:: | definition=a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography) | synonyms=area | examples=it was a mountainous area; Bible country

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "countries" in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
- The text is about climate change negotiations, developing countries vs industrialized countries, and international relations.
- The specific sentence: "Ricardo Ulate, a Costa Rican delegate, said it's not surprising that the major powers are fighting over who should bear the costs for curbing greenhouse gases, even as vulnerable <t>countries</t> have become more aggressive in seeking to hold the big emitters accountable for their actions."

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=country%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=state, nation, land, commonwealth...
   - This refers to the political entity/government itself.

2. sense_key=country%1:15:00:: | definition=the territory occupied by a nation | synonyms=state, land...
   - This refers to the physical land/territory.

3. sense_key=country%1:14:01:: | definition=the people who live in a nation or country | synonyms=nation, land...
   - This refers to the population/people.

4. sense_key=country%1:15:01:: | definition=an area outside of cities and towns | synonyms=rural area...
   - This is the rural/countryside meaning, clearly not applicable here.

5. sense_key=country%1:15:02:: | definition=a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary... | synonyms=area...
   - This is about regions/areas, not applicable to sovereign states in diplomatic contexts.

Now, in the context: "vulnerable countries" refers to vulnerable nations/states in the diplomatic/international relations sense.

Looking at the broader context:
- "major developing countries"
- "the world's two dozen most influential countries"
- "poorer nations"
- "vulnerable countries"

In international relations and diplomatic contexts like this (UN climate talks, delegates, etc.), "countries" typically refers to sovereign political entities - sense 1: "a politically organized body of people under a single government."

However, I need to check if it could be sense 3 (the people). The phrase "vulnerable countries have become more aggressive" suggests the political entities/governments are becoming more aggressive in seeking accountability, not just the people.

Sense 1 examples: "the state has elected a new president; African nations" - this fits with "vulnerable countries" in the sense of nation-states.

Sense 2 (territory) doesn't fit because we're talking about actors in international politics, not land area.

Sense 1 is the most common sense for "countries" in political/diplomatic contexts referring to sovereign states.

But let me reconsider. In the phrase "vulnerable countries", are we referring to:
- The political entity (government/state)?
- The territory?
- The people?

In climate change discourse, "vulnerable countries" typically refers to small island nations or developing nations that are vulnerable to climate impacts - referring to the political entity/state as a whole.

The examples for sense 1 include "African nations" which is very similar to "vulnerable countries" in this context.

Sense 3 examples: "a statement that sums up the nation's mood" - this emphasizes the people/collective sentiment.

In the text: "countries have become more aggressive in seeking to hold..." - this is an action typically associated with governments/official delegations in international relations, not just the populace.

Therefore, sense 1 seems most appropriate: "a politically organized body of people under a single government."

Wait, looking at WordNet sense numbering:
- country%1:14:00:: (noun.group) - a politically organized body...
- country%1:14:01:: (noun.group) - the people who live...

Both are under noun.group (1:14), but 00 vs 01.

Sense 1 (00): the political entity/state
Sense 3 (01): the people/population

In the context "vulnerable countries", it refers to nation-states like Costa Rica, small island states, etc., that are vulnerable to climate change. This is definitely sense 1.

Also, earlier in the text: "major developing countries" - refers to China, etc. as political entities.

So the answer should be sense index 1.

But wait, I should double-check the exact wording of the senses provided:

1. sense_key=country%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government
2. sense_key=country%1:15:00:: | definition=the territory occupied by a nation
3. sense_key=country%1:14:01:: | definition=the people who live in a nation or country
4. sense_key=country%1:15:01:: | definition=an area outside of cities and towns
5. sense_key=country%1:15:02:: | definition=a particular geographical region...

Yes, in the context of international climate negotiations, "countries" refers to sovereign states = sense 1.

The answer is {"sense_index": 1}.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: DigitalOcean

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: action
Target surface form: actions
Context:
The move signaled that the Obama administration is taking a harder line with China than Bush administration officials did just two years ago. The United States is not going to do a deal without the major developing countries stepping up and taking action, said Stern, who also complained that the text did not do enough to make sure the cuts could be verified by outside observers. Stern made his comments an hour after Chinese vice foreign minister He Yafei said America's top climate negotiator was either lacking "common sense" or being "extremely irresponsible" for saying earlier in the week that the United States would not help China financially to cope with global warming. With the future economic trajectory of the world's major powers at stake, fault lines have erupted both within the developing world and between the industrial world and emerging economies. The current battle is as much about saving individual economies as saving the planet, with China and United States feuding over their respective obligations while poorer nations insist that the world's two dozen most influential countries are ignoring the scientific imperative to take bolder action. Ricardo Ulate, a Costa Rican delegate, said it's not surprising that the major powers are fighting over who should bear the costs for curbing greenhouse gases, even as vulnerable countries have become more aggressive in seeking to hold the big emitters accountable for their <t>actions</t>. This is clearly a game where a new economic hegemony is being developed, said Ulate, who also serves as the regional Mexico and Central America climate change adviser for Conservation International.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=action%1:04:02:: | definition=something done (usually as opposed to something said) | examples=there were stories of murders and other unnatural actions
2. sense_key=action%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being active | synonyms=activity, activeness | examples=his sphere of activity; he is out of action
3. sense_key=action%1:04:03:: | definition=a military engagement | synonyms=military action | examples=he saw action in Korea
4. sense_key=action%1:22:00:: | definition=a process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings) | synonyms=natural process, natural action, activity | examples=the action of natural forces; volcanic activity
5. sense_key=action%1:10:00:: | definition=the series of events that form a plot | examples=his novels always have a lot of action
6. sense_key=action%1:07:00:: | definition=the trait of being active and energetic and forceful | examples=a man of action
7. sense_key=action%1:06:00:: | definition=the operating part that transmits power to a mechanism | synonyms=action mechanism | examples=the piano had a very stiff action
8. sense_key=action%1:04:01:: | definition=a judicial proceeding brought by one party against another; one party prosecutes another for a wrong done or for protection of a right or for prevention of a wrong | synonyms=legal action, action at law
9. sense_key=action%1:04:04:: | definition=an act by a government body or supranational organization | examples=recent federal action undermined the segregationist position; the United Nations must have the power to propose and organize action without being hobbled by irrelevant issues
10. sense_key=action%1:04:00:: | definition=the most important or interesting work or activity in a specific area or field | examples=the action is no longer in technology stocks but in municipal bonds; gawkers always try to get as close to the action as possible

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "actions" in the given context. The target lemma is "action" and the surface form is "actions".

Let me analyze the context:

The sentence containing the target word is: "Ricardo Ulate, a Costa Rican delegate, said it's not surprising that the major powers are fighting over who should bear the costs for curbing greenhouse gases, even as vulnerable countries have become more aggressive in seeking to hold the big emitters accountable for their <t>actions</t>."

The context is about climate change negotiations, where countries are being held accountable for their "actions" regarding greenhouse gas emissions.

Now let me look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=action%1:04:02:: | definition=something done (usually as opposed to something said) | examples=there were stories of murders and other unnatural actions
   - This seems like a general sense of "deeds" or "things done"

2. sense_key=action%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being active | synonyms=activity, activeness | examples=his sphere of activity; he is out of action
   - This is about the state of being active, not specific deeds

3. sense_key=action%1:04:03:: | definition=a military engagement | synonyms=military action | examples=he saw action in Korea
   - Military context, not relevant here

4. sense_key=action%1:22:00:: | definition=a process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings) | synonyms=natural process, natural action, activity | examples=the action of natural forces; volcanic activity
   - Natural processes, not human actions

5. sense_key=action%1:10:00:: | definition=the series of events that form a plot | examples=his novels always have a lot of action
   - Literary/narrative context, not relevant

6. sense_key=action%1:07:00:: | definition=the trait of being active and energetic and forceful | examples=a man of action
   - Personal trait, not what countries do

7. sense_key=action%1:06:00:: | definition=the operating part that transmits power to a mechanism | synonyms=action mechanism | examples=the piano had a very stiff action
   - Mechanical part, not relevant

8. sense_key=action%1:04:01:: | definition=a judicial proceeding brought by one party against another; one party prosecutes another for a wrong done or for protection of a right or for prevention of a wrong | synonyms=legal action, action at law
   - Legal proceedings, not quite right here

9. sense_key=action%1:04:04:: | definition=an act by a government body or supranational organization | examples=recent federal action undermined the segregationist position; the United Nations must have the power to propose and organize action without being hobbled by irrelevant issues
   - This is specifically about acts by government bodies or supranational organizations. The context is about countries (major powers, big emitters) being held accountable for their actions. This fits well with government/supranational organization actions.

10. sense_key=action%1:04:00:: | definition=the most important or interesting work or activity in a specific area or field | examples=the action is no longer in technology stocks but in municipal bonds; gawkers always try to get as close to the action as possible
    - This is about "where the action is" - the center of activity, not specific deeds

Now, looking at the context more carefully:
- The text discusses "major powers" (countries/governments)
- "big emitters" refers to countries emitting greenhouse gases
- "accountable for their actions" - holding countries responsible for what they have done
- Earlier in the text: "taking action", "federal action", "organize action"

The phrase "hold the big emitters accountable for their actions" suggests holding countries (government bodies) responsible for their deeds/acts.

Between sense 1 (something done) and sense 9 (act by a government body):

Sense 1: "something done (usually as opposed to something said)" - general deeds
Sense 9: "an act by a government body or supranational organization" - specific to governmental acts

Given that the context is about:
- Obama administration
- Bush administration officials
- Chinese vice foreign minister
- United States
- China
- Costa Rican delegate
- major powers
- big emitters (countries)

And specifically: "hold the big emitters accountable for their actions" - where "big emitters" refers to countries/governments, and the actions are their emissions-related policies/behaviors.

Sense 9 seems most appropriate because:
1. The actors are clearly governmental/supranational (countries, major powers)
2. The examples for sense 9 include "recent federal action" and "United Nations... organize action"
3. The context is about international relations and government policy

However, sense 1 is also plausible as a general "things done". But given the specific context of international diplomacy and government accountability, sense 9 is more precise.

Wait, let me reconsider. The phrase is "accountable for their actions". In the context of climate change, countries are being held accountable for their emissions, policies, etc. These are acts by government bodies.

But let me look at the examples for sense 1 again: "there were stories of murders and other unnatural actions" - this is very general.

Sense 9 examples: "recent federal action undermined the segregationist position; the United Nations must have the power to propose and organize action without being hobbled by irrelevant issues"

The context mentions:
- "taking a harder line"
- "taking action" (earlier in the text)
- "federal action" (in sense 9 example)
- "organize action" (in sense 9 example)

The target phrase is "accountable for their actions" referring to "big emitters" (countries).

I think sense 9 is the best fit because it specifically deals with acts by government bodies or supranational organizations, and the context is entirely about international governmental relations.

But I should double-check if sense 1 could be better. Sense 1 is the general "deeds" sense. While it would work, sense 9 is more specific and accurate given that the "actions" are those of countries/governments in an international diplomatic context.

Actually, looking at the WordNet sense keys:
- action%1:04:02:: is sense 1 in my list (something done)
- action%1:04:04:: is sense 9 in my list (act by government body)

The index numbers in the candidate list are 1-10, but these don't correspond to the WordNet sense keys directly. The user wants me to return the index from the candidate list (1-10).

So if I choose sense 9 (government body act), I should return {"sense_index": 9}.

Let me verify once more:
- The context is about countries (major powers) being held accountable
- These are governmental actors
- The actions are their climate-related policies/emissions
- Sense 9 specifically covers "an act by a government body or supranational organization"

Yes, sense 9 is the best choice.

Wait, I need to be careful. The phrase is "hold the big emitters accountable for their actions". "Big emitters" refers to countries. So we're talking about the actions of countries.

Is there any ambiguity? Could it be sense 1 (general actions)?

Sense 1 definition: "something done (usually as opposed to something said)"
Sense 9 definition: "an act by a government body or supranational organization"

Given that the subject is countries (government bodies), and the context is international relations and policy, sense 9 is more specific and accurate. The examples for sense 9 also fit well with the context of international organizations and federal actions.

Therefore, the answer should be sense_index 9.

provider: Chutes


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: central_america
Target surface form: Central America
Context:
The United States is not going to do a deal without the major developing countries stepping up and taking action, said Stern, who also complained that the text did not do enough to make sure the cuts could be verified by outside observers. Stern made his comments an hour after Chinese vice foreign minister He Yafei said America's top climate negotiator was either lacking "common sense" or being "extremely irresponsible" for saying earlier in the week that the United States would not help China financially to cope with global warming. With the future economic trajectory of the world's major powers at stake, fault lines have erupted both within the developing world and between the industrial world and emerging economies. The current battle is as much about saving individual economies as saving the planet, with China and United States feuding over their respective obligations while poorer nations insist that the world's two dozen most influential countries are ignoring the scientific imperative to take bolder action. Ricardo Ulate, a Costa Rican delegate, said it's not surprising that the major powers are fighting over who should bear the costs for curbing greenhouse gases, even as vulnerable countries have become more aggressive in seeking to hold the big emitters accountable for their actions. This is clearly a game where a new economic hegemony is being developed, said Ulate, who also serves as the regional Mexico and <t>Central America</t> climate change adviser for Conservation International. Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political deal at best.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=central_america%1:15:00:: | definition=the isthmus joining North America and South America; extends from the southern border of Mexico to the northern border of Colombia
2. sense_key=central_america%1:14:00:: | definition=the nations of Central America collectively

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target lemma "central_america" with the surface form "Central America" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:

 The sentence containing the target is: "This is clearly a game where a new economic hegemony is being developed, said Ulate, who also serves as the regional Mexico and <t>Central America</t> climate change adviser for Conservation International."

 Here, "Central America" is being used alongside "Mexico" as a regional designation for a climate change adviser position. The person is described as the "regional Mexico and Central America climate change adviser."

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=central_america%1:15:00:: | definition=the isthmus joining North America and South America; extends from the southern border of Mexico to the northern border of Colombia
    - This refers to the geographical landmass/isthmus (physical geography)

 2. sense_key=central_america%1:14:00:: | definition=the nations of Central America collectively
    - This refers to the nations/countries collectively (political/collective entity)

 In the context, "Central America" is paired with "Mexico" and refers to a regional advisory role. The phrase "regional Mexico and Central America climate change adviser" suggests a political/administrative region covering countries/nations, not the physical landmass itself.

 While Central America can refer to the physical isthmus (sense 1), in the context of a "climate change adviser" for a region that includes "Mexico and Central America," it's referring to the collective nations of that region. The adviser would be advising the countries/nations in that region, not the physical landmass itself.

 Also, note that Mexico is not part of Central America (it's part of North America), so "Mexico and Central America" refers to a grouping of nations/countries.

 Therefore, sense 2 (the nations of Central America collectively) is the better fit, as it refers to the political/collective entity of nations rather than the geographical isthmus.

 Wait, let me reconsider. In WordNet:
 - %1:15:00:: typically refers to locations/places (the physical entity)
 - %1:14:00:: typically refers to groups/collectives of people or political entities

 Actually, looking at WordNet structure:
 - 1:15 is usually "location" or "region" (the place itself)
 - 1:14 is usually "group" or "collective" (the people or political units)

 But in this context, "Central America" as a region for an adviser could be interpreted either way. However, the key is that it's paired with "Mexico" - Mexico is a nation, so "Mexico and Central America" is referring to a group of nations. The adviser advises countries/nations in that region.

 Also, looking at the definition of sense 2: "the nations of Central America collectively" - this fits because the adviser would be dealing with the nations collectively.

 Sense 1 refers to the isthmus (the physical land bridge). While climate change affects the physical land, the role of "climate change adviser" for a conservation organization would typically work with the governments/nations of the region, not the physical landmass itself as a geological feature.

 Therefore, sense 2 is correct.

 The user wants the output as: {"sense_index": 2}

 Wait, I need to check the indexing. The user lists:
 1. sense_key=central_america%1:15:00::
 2. sense_key=central_america%1:14:00::

 So sense_index should be 2.

 Let me double-check by looking at the context again. "regional Mexico and Central America climate change adviser" - this is clearly referring to the geopolitical region comprising the countries of Central America (plus Mexico). It's not referring to the isthmus as a geological feature.

 Yes, sense 2 is correct.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: country
Target surface form: countries
Context:
Stern made his comments an hour after Chinese vice foreign minister He Yafei said America's top climate negotiator was either lacking "common sense" or being "extremely irresponsible" for saying earlier in the week that the United States would not help China financially to cope with global warming. With the future economic trajectory of the world's major powers at stake, fault lines have erupted both within the developing world and between the industrial world and emerging economies. The current battle is as much about saving individual economies as saving the planet, with China and United States feuding over their respective obligations while poorer nations insist that the world's two dozen most influential countries are ignoring the scientific imperative to take bolder action. Ricardo Ulate, a Costa Rican delegate, said it's not surprising that the major powers are fighting over who should bear the costs for curbing greenhouse gases, even as vulnerable countries have become more aggressive in seeking to hold the big emitters accountable for their actions. This is clearly a game where a new economic hegemony is being developed, said Ulate, who also serves as the regional Mexico and Central America climate change adviser for Conservation International. Some of the <t>countries</t> most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political deal at best. The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal early Friday morning.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=country%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=state, nation, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
2. sense_key=country%1:15:00:: | definition=the territory occupied by a nation | synonyms=state, land | examples=he returned to the land of his birth; he visited several European countries
3. sense_key=country%1:14:01:: | definition=the people who live in a nation or country | synonyms=nation, land | examples=a statement that sums up the nation's mood; the news was announced to the nation
4. sense_key=country%1:15:01:: | definition=an area outside of cities and towns | synonyms=rural area | examples=his poetry celebrated the slower pace of life in the country
5. sense_key=country%1:15:02:: | definition=a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography) | synonyms=area | examples=it was a mountainous area; Bible country

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "countries" in the given context. I need to choose the best sense from the 5 candidate senses provided.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text is about climate change negotiations between nations/states
 - It mentions "Chinese vice foreign minister", "United States", "Costa Rican delegate", "Mexico and Central America", "Alliance of Small Island States"
 - The specific sentence with the target word: "Some of the <t>countries</t> most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty..."
 - It refers to "vulnerable countries" and mentions "43 members" (of the Alliance of Small Island States)

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=country%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=state, nation, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
 - This refers to the political entity/government itself

 2. sense_key=country%1:15:00:: | definition=the territory occupied by a nation | synonyms=state, land | examples=he returned to the land of his birth; he visited several European countries
 - This refers to the physical territory/land

 3. sense_key=country%1:14:01:: | definition=the people who live in a nation or country | synonyms=nation, land | examples=a statement that sums up the nation's mood; the news was announced to the nation
 - This refers to the people/citizens

 4. sense_key=country%1:15:01:: | definition=an area outside of cities and towns | synonyms=rural area | examples=his poetry celebrated the slower pace of life in the country
 - This refers to rural/countryside areas

 5. sense_key=country%1:15:02:: | definition=a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography) | synonyms=area | examples=it was a mountainous area; Bible country
 - This refers to regions/areas with specific characteristics

 Analysis of the target usage:
 - "Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change"
 - These are political entities that can negotiate treaties, have delegates, and make decisions
 - The context is about international relations between nations/states
 - The word "countries" here refers to sovereign states or nations as political entities
 - They are "pushing for a legally binding treaty" - this is something political entities do

 Comparing sense 1 and sense 2:
 - Sense 1: "a politically organized body of people under a single government" - emphasizes the political organization/government aspect
 - Sense 2: "the territory occupied by a nation" - emphasizes the physical land

 In the context of climate change negotiations and international diplomacy, "countries" refers to the political entities/nation-states, not just the physical territory. The text mentions delegates, treaties, and negotiations - all political actions.

 However, looking closely at the specific phrase "countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change", this could potentially refer to either:
 1. The political entities (governments) that are vulnerable
 2. The territories that are vulnerable to physical impacts
 3. The people who are vulnerable

 But given the context that these countries "indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty", this clearly refers to them as political actors/entities. Only political entities (governments) can push for treaties.

 Also, looking at the broader context:
 - "the world's two dozen most influential countries"
 - "poorer nations"
 - "vulnerable countries"
 - "major powers"

 These all refer to nation-states as political entities.

 Sense 1 seems most appropriate: "a politically organized body of people under a single government"

 Wait, let me reconsider sense 2. In many contexts, when we say "countries" in the context of visiting or geographical vulnerability, it could be the territory. But here, the key is that these countries are taking political action ("push for a legally binding treaty").

 Also, looking at the examples for sense 1: "the state has elected a new president; African nations" - this fits with the political entity meaning.

 Examples for sense 2: "he returned to the land of his birth; he visited several European countries" - this is more about the physical place/territory.

 Given that the text is about international negotiations, treaties, and delegates, sense 1 (the political entity) is the best fit.

 Actually, looking at WordNet's specific sense distinctions:
 - country%1:14:00:: is the "nation" sense - the political entity
 - country%1:15:00:: is the "territory" sense

 In diplomatic contexts like this, it's almost always sense 1.

 Let me double-check sense 3: "the people who live in a nation or country" - this would be the populace. While the people are affected by climate change, the text says countries are "pushing for a treaty" and have "delegates" - this is governmental action, not just the people.

 So sense 1 is definitely the best choice.

 The answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: ModelRun


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: impact
Target surface form: impact
Context:
Stern made his comments an hour after Chinese vice foreign minister He Yafei said America's top climate negotiator was either lacking "common sense" or being "extremely irresponsible" for saying earlier in the week that the United States would not help China financially to cope with global warming. With the future economic trajectory of the world's major powers at stake, fault lines have erupted both within the developing world and between the industrial world and emerging economies. The current battle is as much about saving individual economies as saving the planet, with China and United States feuding over their respective obligations while poorer nations insist that the world's two dozen most influential countries are ignoring the scientific imperative to take bolder action. Ricardo Ulate, a Costa Rican delegate, said it's not surprising that the major powers are fighting over who should bear the costs for curbing greenhouse gases, even as vulnerable countries have become more aggressive in seeking to hold the big emitters accountable for their actions. This is clearly a game where a new economic hegemony is being developed, said Ulate, who also serves as the regional Mexico and Central America climate change adviser for Conservation International. Some of the countries most vulnerable to the <t>impact</t> of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political deal at best. The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal early Friday morning.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=impact%1:11:00:: | definition=the striking of one body against another
2. sense_key=impact%1:19:00:: | definition=a forceful consequence; a strong effect | synonyms=wallop | examples=the book had an important impact on my thinking; the book packs a wallop
3. sense_key=impact%1:04:00:: | definition=influencing strongly | synonyms=impingement, encroachment | examples=they resented the impingement of American values on European culture
4. sense_key=impact%1:04:01:: | definition=the violent interaction of individuals or groups entering into combat | synonyms=shock | examples=the armies met in the shock of battle

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "impact" in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
- The sentence is: "Some of the countries most vulnerable to the <t>impact</t> of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen..."
- Here, "impact" refers to the effects or consequences of climate change on vulnerable countries.
- It's about the strong effect or consequence that climate change has on these countries.

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=impact%1:11:00:: | definition=the striking of one body against another
   - This is the physical collision sense. Not applicable here since climate change doesn't physically strike countries in the literal sense of two bodies hitting each other.

2. sense_key=impact%1:19:00:: | definition=a forceful consequence; a strong effect | synonyms=wallop | examples=the book had an important impact on my thinking; the book packs a wallop
   - This fits well. Climate change has consequences/effects on countries. The example "the book had an important impact on my thinking" shows this is about strong effects or consequences, which matches "impact of climate change."

3. sense_key=impact%1:04:00:: | definition=influencing strongly | synonyms=impingement, encroachment | examples=they resented the impingement of American values on European culture
   - This seems to be about the act of influencing or encroaching. The example shows cultural impingement. While climate change does influence, "impact" here is used as a noun referring to the consequence/effect itself, not the act of influencing. Also, the synonyms "impingement, encroachment" suggest a more active intrusion sense.

4. sense_key=impact%1:04:01:: | definition=the violent interaction of individuals or groups entering into combat | synonyms=shock | examples=the armies met in the shock of battle
   - This is about military combat/shock. Not applicable.

So sense 2 is the best fit: "a forceful consequence; a strong effect" - referring to the effects/consequences of climate change on vulnerable countries.

Wait, let me double-check the WordNet sense distinctions. In WordNet:
- impact%1:11:00:: is the physical collision (event)
- impact%1:19:00:: is the consequence/effect (phenomenon) - "the book had an important impact on my thinking"
- impact%1:04:00:: is the act of impinging/encroaching (act) - "they resented the impingement of American values"
- impact%1:04:01:: is the shock of combat (act)

In the phrase "impact of climate change", this is clearly referring to the consequences/effects that climate change has. This is a very common usage of "impact" and corresponds to sense 2.

The context mentions "countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change" - they're vulnerable to the effects/consequences of climate change.

Therefore, the answer should be sense_index 2.

I need to return only a JSON object: {"sense_index": 2}

provider: SiliconFlow


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: participant
Target surface form: participants
Context:
Stern made his comments an hour after Chinese vice foreign minister He Yafei said America's top climate negotiator was either lacking "common sense" or being "extremely irresponsible" for saying earlier in the week that the United States would not help China financially to cope with global warming. With the future economic trajectory of the world's major powers at stake, fault lines have erupted both within the developing world and between the industrial world and emerging economies. The current battle is as much about saving individual economies as saving the planet, with China and United States feuding over their respective obligations while poorer nations insist that the world's two dozen most influential countries are ignoring the scientific imperative to take bolder action. Ricardo Ulate, a Costa Rican delegate, said it's not surprising that the major powers are fighting over who should bear the costs for curbing greenhouse gases, even as vulnerable countries have become more aggressive in seeking to hold the big emitters accountable for their actions. This is clearly a game where a new economic hegemony is being developed, said Ulate, who also serves as the regional Mexico and Central America climate change adviser for Conservation International. Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major <t>participants</t> say the talks will produce a political deal at best. The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal early Friday morning.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=participant%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who takes part in an activity
2. sense_key=participant%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who participates in or is skilled at some game | synonyms=player

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "participants" in the given context.

 Target lemma: participant
 Target surface form: participants
 Context: The text is about climate change negotiations in Copenhagen, discussing various countries and delegates participating in talks.

 The specific sentence containing the target word: "Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major <t>participants</t> say the talks will produce a political deal at best."

 Candidate senses:
 1. sense_key=participant%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who takes part in an activity
 2. sense_key=participant%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who participates in or is skilled at some game | synonyms=player

 Analysis:
 - Sense 1 is the general sense: someone who takes part in an activity (in this case, the climate talks/negotiations).
 - Sense 2 is specific to games: a person who participates in or is skilled at some game (synonym: player).

 In the context, "participants" refers to countries (major powers like China, US, etc.) taking part in the Copenhagen climate talks/negotiations. These are diplomatic negotiations, not a game in the literal sense (though the text mentions "This is clearly a game" metaphorically earlier, the specific instance of "participants" refers to the countries involved in the talks).

 The text discusses:
 - Climate negotiations
 - Delegates from countries
 - The Alliance of Small Island States
 - Major powers fighting over obligations
 - "most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political deal at best"

 Here, "participants" clearly refers to the countries/entities taking part in the climate talks/negotiations. This is a general participation in an activity (diplomatic negotiations), not specifically a game.

 While the text earlier uses the word "game" metaphorically ("This is clearly a game where a new economic hegemony is being developed"), the word "participants" itself is not being used in the specific sense of "player" in a game. It's being used to refer to the countries participating in the talks.

 Therefore, Sense 1 (someone who takes part in an activity) is the correct choice.

 Wait, let me double-check WordNet sense distinctions. In WordNet:
 - participant%1:18:00:: is the general sense
 - participant%1:18:01:: is specifically for games

 The context is about international climate negotiations/talks. These are diplomatic activities, not games (even if metaphorically described as a game elsewhere in the text). The participants are the countries taking part in the talks.

 So the answer should be sense_index: 1.

 But wait, I need to be careful. The user asks for the "single best indexed sense" and to return JSON like {"sense_index": 3}. But there are only 2 senses listed (1 and 2). So I should return {"sense_index": 1} or {"sense_index": 2}.

 Given the context, it's definitely sense 1. The general sense of taking part in an activity (the climate talks) rather than specifically a game.

 Even though the text mentions "game" metaphorically earlier, the word "participants" in this specific sentence refers to the countries involved in the treaty talks, which is a diplomatic/negotiation activity, not a game in the sense required for sense 2 (which would be like sports, board games, etc., or possibly metaphorical extensions but WordNet usually keeps these distinct).

 Actually, looking at WordNet examples for participant%1:18:01:: (the game sense), it might include metaphorical uses, but typically WordNet distinguishes between general participation and game-specific participation.

 Given that the context is about international climate negotiations (Copenhagen talks), and "participants" refers to the countries taking part, this is clearly the general sense.

 Therefore: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: deal
Target surface form: deal
Context:
Stern made his comments an hour after Chinese vice foreign minister He Yafei said America's top climate negotiator was either lacking "common sense" or being "extremely irresponsible" for saying earlier in the week that the United States would not help China financially to cope with global warming. With the future economic trajectory of the world's major powers at stake, fault lines have erupted both within the developing world and between the industrial world and emerging economies. The current battle is as much about saving individual economies as saving the planet, with China and United States feuding over their respective obligations while poorer nations insist that the world's two dozen most influential countries are ignoring the scientific imperative to take bolder action. Ricardo Ulate, a Costa Rican delegate, said it's not surprising that the major powers are fighting over who should bear the costs for curbing greenhouse gases, even as vulnerable countries have become more aggressive in seeking to hold the big emitters accountable for their actions. This is clearly a game where a new economic hegemony is being developed, said Ulate, who also serves as the regional Mexico and Central America climate change adviser for Conservation International. Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political <t>deal</t> at best. The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal early Friday morning.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=deal%1:04:02:: | definition=a particular instance of buying or selling | synonyms=trade, business deal | examples=it was a package deal; I had no further trade with him
2. sense_key=deal%1:10:00:: | definition=an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each | synonyms=bargain | examples=he made a bargain with the devil; he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals
3. sense_key=deal%1:23:00:: | definition=(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent | synonyms=batch, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful, heap | examples=a batch of letters; a deal of trouble
4. sense_key=deal%1:27:00:: | definition=a plank of softwood (fir or pine board)
5. sense_key=deal%1:27:01:: | definition=wood that is easy to saw (from conifers such as pine or fir) | synonyms=softwood
6. sense_key=deal%1:14:00:: | definition=the cards held in a card game by a given player at any given time | synonyms=hand | examples=I didn't hold a good hand all evening; he kept trying to see my hand
7. sense_key=deal%1:11:00:: | definition=the type of treatment received (especially as the result of an agreement) | examples=he got a good deal on his car
8. sense_key=deal%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of distributing playing cards | examples=the deal was passed around the table clockwise
9. sense_key=deal%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of apportioning or distributing something | examples=the captain was entrusted with the deal of provisions

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "deal" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text is about climate change negotiations in Copenhagen
 - "Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political <t>deal</t> at best."
 - The word "deal" here refers to what the talks will produce - a political agreement or arrangement between parties

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. deal%1:04:02:: - a particular instance of buying or selling (trade, business deal)
    - This is about commercial transactions, not political agreements

 2. deal%1:10:00:: - an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each (bargain)
    - Examples: "he made a bargain with the devil; he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals"
    - This fits well with "political deal" - an agreement between nations/parties about climate obligations

 3. deal%1:23:00:: - (often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent
    - This is quantificational, like "a great deal of trouble"
    - Doesn't fit here

 4. deal%1:27:00:: - a plank of softwood
    - Material noun, doesn't fit

 5. deal%1:27:01:: - wood that is easy to saw
    - Material noun, doesn't fit

 6. deal%1:14:00:: - the cards held in a card game
    - Card game context, doesn't fit

 7. deal%1:11:00:: - the type of treatment received (especially as the result of an agreement)
    - Examples: "he got a good deal on his car"
    - This refers to the outcome/treatment one receives, not the agreement itself

 8. deal%1:04:00:: - the act of distributing playing cards
    - Card game action, doesn't fit

 9. deal%1:04:01:: - the act of apportioning or distributing something
    - Distribution action, doesn't fit

 The context is about international climate negotiations producing a "political deal" - meaning a political agreement between parties (countries) about their obligations.

 Sense 2 (deal%1:10:00::) is the best fit: "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each"

 The phrase "political deal" in diplomatic contexts refers to an agreement or bargain reached between nations.

 So the answer should be sense_index: 2 (since it's the second one in the list, indexed as 2).

 Wait, let me check the indexing. The user lists them as:
 1. sense_key=deal%1:04:02::
 2. sense_key=deal%1:10:00::
 3. sense_key=deal%1:23:00::
 ...

 So sense 2 is deal%1:10:00:: which is the "agreement between parties" sense.

 Yes, that's the correct one.

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: member
Target surface form: members
Context:
With the future economic trajectory of the world's major powers at stake, fault lines have erupted both within the developing world and between the industrial world and emerging economies. The current battle is as much about saving individual economies as saving the planet, with China and United States feuding over their respective obligations while poorer nations insist that the world's two dozen most influential countries are ignoring the scientific imperative to take bolder action. Ricardo Ulate, a Costa Rican delegate, said it's not surprising that the major powers are fighting over who should bear the costs for curbing greenhouse gases, even as vulnerable countries have become more aggressive in seeking to hold the big emitters accountable for their actions. This is clearly a game where a new economic hegemony is being developed, said Ulate, who also serves as the regional Mexico and Central America climate change adviser for Conservation International. Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political deal at best. The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 <t>members</t>, produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal early Friday morning. Artur Runge-Metzger, who heads international climate negotiations on behalf of the European Commission, said the push by small island nations has "put political pressure on the entire political process," in part because they are now unified and demanding action from emerging economies such as China and India.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=member%1:18:00:: | definition=one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization) | synonyms=fellow member | examples=only members will be admitted; a member of the faculty
2. sense_key=member%1:24:00:: | definition=anything that belongs to a set or class | examples=snakes are members of the class Reptilia; members of the opposite sex
3. sense_key=member%1:08:00:: | definition=an external body part that projects from the body | synonyms=extremity, appendage | examples=it is important to keep the extremities warm
4. sense_key=member%1:14:00:: | definition=an organization that is a member of another organization (especially a state that belongs to a group of nations) | examples=the library was a member of the interlibrary loan association; Canada is a member of the United Nations
5. sense_key=member%1:08:01:: | definition=the male organ of copulation (`member' is a euphemism) | synonyms=penis, phallus

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "members" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text is about international climate negotiations
 - It mentions "The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 <t>members</t>"
 - The Alliance of Small Island States is an organization/group
 - The "members" here refers to the constituent parts of this alliance - likely countries that belong to this organization

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=member%1:18:00:: - "one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)"
    - This refers to individual people
    - But in the context, the Alliance of Small Island States has 43 members, and these are likely countries (nations), not individual people
    - The examples mention "members of the faculty" - individual people

 2. sense_key=member%1:24:00:: - "anything that belongs to a set or class"
    - Very general, taxonomic sense
    - Examples: "snakes are members of the class Reptilia"
    - This is about classification/categories, not organizational membership

 3. sense_key=member%1:08:00:: - "an external body part that projects from the body"
    - Anatomical sense (limbs, etc.)
    - Clearly not relevant here

 4. sense_key=member%1:14:00:: - "an organization that is a member of another organization (especially a state that belongs to a group of nations)"
    - Definition mentions "especially a state that belongs to a group of nations"
    - Examples: "the library was a member of the interlibrary loan association; Canada is a member of the United Nations"
    - This fits perfectly! The Alliance of Small Island States is an organization (of nations/states), and its 43 members are states/countries that belong to it.
    - In international relations contexts, countries are often referred to as "members" of alliances or organizations.

 5. sense_key=member%1:08:01:: - "the male organ of copulation"
    - Euphemism for penis
    - Clearly not relevant

 So sense 4 is the best fit. The context is about international relations, the Alliance of Small Island States is an international organization, and its members are sovereign states/countries. This matches sense 4 which specifically mentions "especially a state that belongs to a group of nations."

 Wait, let me double-check. Is the Alliance of Small Island States an organization whose members are countries? Yes, AOSIS is a coalition of small island and low-lying coastal countries. So the 43 members are 43 countries/states.

 Sense 1 refers to individual persons (like "members of the faculty"), but here we're talking about nations as members of an alliance.

 Therefore, sense 4 is correct.

 The user wants the output as: {"sense_index": 4}

provider: Phala


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: draft
Target surface form: draft
Context:
With the future economic trajectory of the world's major powers at stake, fault lines have erupted both within the developing world and between the industrial world and emerging economies. The current battle is as much about saving individual economies as saving the planet, with China and United States feuding over their respective obligations while poorer nations insist that the world's two dozen most influential countries are ignoring the scientific imperative to take bolder action. Ricardo Ulate, a Costa Rican delegate, said it's not surprising that the major powers are fighting over who should bear the costs for curbing greenhouse gases, even as vulnerable countries have become more aggressive in seeking to hold the big emitters accountable for their actions. This is clearly a game where a new economic hegemony is being developed, said Ulate, who also serves as the regional Mexico and Central America climate change adviser for Conservation International. Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political deal at best. The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page <t>draft</t> treaty proposal early Friday morning. Artur Runge-Metzger, who heads international climate negotiations on behalf of the European Commission, said the push by small island nations has "put political pressure on the entire political process," in part because they are now unified and demanding action from emerging economies such as China and India.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=draft%1:21:00:: | definition=a document ordering the payment of money; drawn by one person or bank on another | synonyms=bill of exchange, order of payment
2. sense_key=draft%1:19:00:: | definition=a current of air (usually coming into a chimney or room or vehicle) | synonyms=draught
3. sense_key=draft%1:06:01:: | definition=a preliminary sketch of a design or picture | synonyms=rough drawing
4. sense_key=draft%1:13:00:: | definition=a serving of drink (usually alcoholic) drawn from a keg | synonyms=draught, potation, tipple | examples=they served beer on draft
5. sense_key=draft%1:10:00:: | definition=any of the various versions in the development of a written work | synonyms=draft copy | examples=a preliminary draft; the final draft of the constitution
6. sense_key=draft%1:07:00:: | definition=the depth of a vessel's keel below the surface (especially when loaded) | synonyms=draught
7. sense_key=draft%1:06:02:: | definition=a regulator for controlling the flow of air in a fireplace
8. sense_key=draft%1:06:00:: | definition=a dose of liquid medicine | synonyms=draught | examples=he took a sleeping draft
9. sense_key=draft%1:04:03:: | definition=compulsory military service | synonyms=conscription, muster, selective service
10. sense_key=draft%1:04:02:: | definition=a large and hurried swallow | synonyms=gulp, draught, swig | examples=he finished it at a single gulp
11. sense_key=draft%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of moving a load by drawing or pulling | synonyms=draught, drawing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) on the word "draft" in the given context. Let me analyze the context carefully.

The target word appears in this sentence: "The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page <t>draft</t> treaty proposal early Friday morning."

Context analysis:
- The topic is about climate change negotiations in Copenhagen
- The Alliance of Small Island States produced a "draft treaty proposal"
- It's a 24-page document
- It's related to international climate negotiations
- The word "proposal" appears right after "draft treaty"
- This is about creating a legally binding treaty

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. draft%1:21:00:: - a document ordering the payment of money (bill of exchange) - Doesn't fit. This is about a treaty, not financial instruments.

2. draft%1:19:00:: - a current of air - Doesn't fit. Not talking about wind or air flow.

3. draft%1:06:01:: - a preliminary sketch of a design or picture - This is about visual arts/design, not a written treaty.

4. draft%1:13:00:: - a serving of drink (usually alcoholic) - Doesn't fit. Not talking about beverages.

5. draft%1:10:00:: - any of the various versions in the development of a written work; examples: "a preliminary draft; the final draft of the constitution" - This fits perfectly! A "draft treaty" is a preliminary version of a treaty (a written work/document) that is still in development.

6. draft%1:07:00:: - the depth of a vessel's keel below the surface - Nautical term, doesn't fit.

7. draft%1:06:02:: - a regulator for controlling the flow of air in a fireplace - Doesn't fit.

8. draft%1:06:00:: - a dose of liquid medicine - Doesn't fit.

9. draft%1:04:03:: - compulsory military service - Doesn't fit.

10. draft%1:04:02:: - a large and hurried swallow - Doesn't fit.

11. draft%1:04:00:: - the act of moving a load by drawing or pulling - Doesn't fit.

Sense 5 is clearly the best fit. The context is about a "draft treaty proposal" - meaning a preliminary version of a treaty document that has been proposed. The examples given for sense 5 include "a preliminary draft" and "the final draft of the constitution" which aligns perfectly with a draft treaty.

The answer should be {"sense_index": 5}.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: proposal
Target surface form: proposal
Context:
With the future economic trajectory of the world's major powers at stake, fault lines have erupted both within the developing world and between the industrial world and emerging economies. The current battle is as much about saving individual economies as saving the planet, with China and United States feuding over their respective obligations while poorer nations insist that the world's two dozen most influential countries are ignoring the scientific imperative to take bolder action. Ricardo Ulate, a Costa Rican delegate, said it's not surprising that the major powers are fighting over who should bear the costs for curbing greenhouse gases, even as vulnerable countries have become more aggressive in seeking to hold the big emitters accountable for their actions. This is clearly a game where a new economic hegemony is being developed, said Ulate, who also serves as the regional Mexico and Central America climate change adviser for Conservation International. Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political deal at best. The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page draft treaty <t>proposal</t> early Friday morning. Artur Runge-Metzger, who heads international climate negotiations on behalf of the European Commission, said the push by small island nations has "put political pressure on the entire political process," in part because they are now unified and demanding action from emerging economies such as China and India.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=proposal%1:10:00:: | definition=something proposed (such as a plan or assumption)
2. sense_key=proposal%1:10:02:: | definition=an offer of marriage | synonyms=marriage proposal, proposal of marriage, marriage offer
3. sense_key=proposal%1:10:01:: | definition=the act of making a proposal | synonyms=proposition | examples=they listened to her proposal

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "proposal" in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
- The text is about climate change negotiations in Copenhagen.
- "The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal early Friday morning."
- Here, "proposal" refers to a document or plan that was produced - specifically a draft treaty proposal.

Now let's look at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=proposal%1:10:00:: | definition=something proposed (such as a plan or assumption)
2. sense_key=proposal%1:10:02:: | definition=an offer of marriage | synonyms=marriage proposal, proposal of marriage, marriage offer
3. sense_key=proposal%1:10:01:: | definition=the act of making a proposal | synonyms=proposition | examples=they listened to her proposal

Sense 2 is clearly about marriage, which doesn't fit the context of a treaty in climate negotiations.

Between Sense 1 and Sense 3:
- Sense 1: "something proposed (such as a plan or assumption)" - This refers to the thing itself, the content/document.
- Sense 3: "the act of making a proposal" - This refers to the action/process.

In the context, "produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal" - they produced a document, a thing. It's a written plan (24-page draft treaty). This is the thing being proposed, not the act of proposing.

Wait, let me look more carefully. "produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal" - this is clearly referring to a document/plan. That aligns with sense 1: "something proposed (such as a plan or assumption)".

Sense 3 is about the act: "the act of making a proposal". The example "they listened to her proposal" could potentially be ambiguous, but in the context of "produced a 24-page draft", it's definitely a physical/document artifact.

So the best sense is sense 1 (index 1).

Wait, I need to be careful about the indexing. The user lists:
1. sense_key=proposal%1:10:00::
2. sense_key=proposal%1:10:02::
3. sense_key=proposal%1:10:01::

So index 1 is the first one in the list, index 2 is the second, index 3 is the third.

The answer should be {"sense_index": 1}.

Let me double-check:
- "draft treaty proposal" = a proposed plan/document
- Sense 1: something proposed (such as a plan or assumption) - YES
- Sense 2: marriage - NO
- Sense 3: the act of making a proposal - NO, because it's referring to the document produced, not the act

Actually, let me reconsider sense 3. Could "proposal" here mean the act? "produced a... proposal" - you produce a document, not an act. The act would be "made a proposal." But even then, "proposal" as the act is less common when modified by "draft treaty." A "draft treaty proposal" is definitely a thing.

Also, looking at WordNet:
- proposal%1:10:00:: is usually the first sense, something proposed
- proposal%1:10:01:: is the act
- proposal%1:10:02:: is marriage

Yes, sense index 1 is correct.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: morning
Target surface form: morning
Context:
With the future economic trajectory of the world's major powers at stake, fault lines have erupted both within the developing world and between the industrial world and emerging economies. The current battle is as much about saving individual economies as saving the planet, with China and United States feuding over their respective obligations while poorer nations insist that the world's two dozen most influential countries are ignoring the scientific imperative to take bolder action. Ricardo Ulate, a Costa Rican delegate, said it's not surprising that the major powers are fighting over who should bear the costs for curbing greenhouse gases, even as vulnerable countries have become more aggressive in seeking to hold the big emitters accountable for their actions. This is clearly a game where a new economic hegemony is being developed, said Ulate, who also serves as the regional Mexico and Central America climate change adviser for Conservation International. Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political deal at best. The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal early Friday <t>morning</t>. Artur Runge-Metzger, who heads international climate negotiations on behalf of the European Commission, said the push by small island nations has "put political pressure on the entire political process," in part because they are now unified and demanding action from emerging economies such as China and India.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=morning%1:28:00:: | definition=the time period between dawn and noon | synonyms=morn, morning time, forenoon | examples=I spent the morning running errands
2. sense_key=morning%1:10:00:: | definition=a conventional expression of greeting or farewell | synonyms=good morning
3. sense_key=morning%1:28:01:: | definition=the first light of day | synonyms=dawn, dawning, aurora, first light, daybreak, break of day | examples=we got up before dawn; they talked until morning
4. sense_key=morning%1:11:00:: | definition=the earliest period | synonyms=dawn | examples=the dawn of civilization; the morning of the world

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) on the word "morning" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The sentence is: "The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal early Friday <t>morning</t>."
 - This is referring to a specific time period - early Friday morning.
 - It's talking about when the draft treaty proposal was produced.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=morning%1:28:00:: | definition=the time period between dawn and noon | synonyms=morn, morning time, forenoon | examples=I spent the morning running errands
    - This refers to the time period between dawn and noon.
    - "Early Friday morning" fits this - it's referring to the early part of the time period between dawn and noon on Friday.

 2. sense_key=morning%1:10:00:: | definition=a conventional expression of greeting or farewell | synonyms=good morning
    - This is a greeting. The context is not using "morning" as a greeting, but as a time reference.

 3. sense_key=morning%1:28:01:: | definition=the first light of day | synonyms=dawn, dawning, aurora, first light, daybreak, break of day | examples=we got up before dawn; they talked until morning
    - This is specifically about dawn/first light. While "early morning" could overlap with dawn, the phrase "early Friday morning" in this context refers to the time period, not specifically the first light of day. Also, producing a 24-page draft treaty proposal at the first light of day (dawn) is possible, but the sense seems more general than just dawn.

 4. sense_key=morning%1:11:00:: | definition=the earliest period | synonyms=dawn | examples=the dawn of civilization; the morning of the world
    - This is figurative - referring to the earliest period of something (like "morning of the world"). The context is literal time, not figurative.

 So the choice is between sense 1 and sense 3.

 Sense 1: "the time period between dawn and noon" - this is the general morning time.
 Sense 3: "the first light of day" - this is specifically dawn.

 The phrase is "early Friday morning". This refers to the early part of the morning time period. It's not specifically referring to dawn (first light), though it could include dawn. The general sense of morning as a time period (between dawn and noon) seems more appropriate here.

 Also, looking at the examples:
 - Sense 1 example: "I spent the morning running errands" - this is similar usage, referring to the time period.
 - Sense 3 example: "we got up before dawn; they talked until morning" - this emphasizes the beginning of the day/light.

 In the context, "early Friday morning" is referring to the time when the document was produced - it's a time period. Sense 1 (morning%1:28:00::) is the most common and general sense for referring to the time period between dawn and noon.

 Wait, let me double-check the WordNet sense keys. The format is lemma%lexical_file_number:lexical_file_type:sense_number.

 morning%1:28:00:: - noun.time (1:28) - the time period between dawn and noon
 morning%1:10:00:: - noun.communication (1:10) - greeting
 morning%1:28:01:: - noun.time (1:28) - the first light of day (dawn)
 morning%1:11:00:: - noun.event (1:11) - the earliest period (figurative)

 Actually, looking at WordNet structure:
 - morning%1:28:00:: is the first sense (most common) - the time period between dawn and noon
 - morning%1:28:01:: is the second sense - the first light of day (dawn)

 In the context "early Friday morning", this is clearly referring to the time period early on Friday between dawn and noon. It's not referring specifically to dawn (first light), though "early morning" approaches dawn. But the sense is the general time period sense.

 Also, the example for sense 1 "I spent the morning running errands" matches the usage pattern here - referring to a time period during which an activity occurred (producing a draft treaty).

 Therefore, the best sense is sense 1 (index 1).

 Wait, I need to be careful about the indexing. The user lists:
 1. sense_key=morning%1:28:00::
 2. sense_key=morning%1:10:00::
 3. sense_key=morning%1:28:01::
 4. sense_key=morning%1:11:00::

 So index 1 is morning%1:28:00:: (time period between dawn and noon)
 Index 3 is morning%1:28:01:: (first light of day)

 Given "early Friday morning", this is referring to the time period. While "early morning" might be close to dawn, the standard WSD for "morning" in "Friday morning" or "early morning" is typically the first sense (the time period between dawn and noon).

 Also, producing a 24-page draft treaty proposal at "the first light of day" (dawn) is less likely than producing it in the early part of the morning time period. But more importantly, "early Friday morning" is a standard time expression referring to the time period.

 I should choose sense_index: 1.

 But let me reconsider sense 3. Is "early morning" closer to sense 3 (dawn)? In WordNet, sense 3 is specifically "the first light of day" with synonyms dawn, dawning, aurora, etc. "Early morning" is still considered part of the general morning period (sense 1), not necessarily the specific moment of first light.

 For example, "6 AM" is early morning, but dawn might be 5:30 AM or 6:30 AM depending on the season. "Early morning" refers to the early part of the morning time period.

 Therefore, sense 1 is correct.

 The answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: climate
Target surface form: climate
Context:
The current battle is as much about saving individual economies as saving the planet, with China and United States feuding over their respective obligations while poorer nations insist that the world's two dozen most influential countries are ignoring the scientific imperative to take bolder action. Ricardo Ulate, a Costa Rican delegate, said it's not surprising that the major powers are fighting over who should bear the costs for curbing greenhouse gases, even as vulnerable countries have become more aggressive in seeking to hold the big emitters accountable for their actions. This is clearly a game where a new economic hegemony is being developed, said Ulate, who also serves as the regional Mexico and Central America climate change adviser for Conservation International. Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political deal at best. The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal early Friday morning. Artur Runge-Metzger, who heads international <t>climate</t> negotiations on behalf of the European Commission, said the push by small island nations has "put political pressure on the entire political process," in part because they are now unified and demanding action from emerging economies such as China and India. The talks took on new urgency as delegates focused on the fact that they must resolve most of the outstanding issues before the heads of government arrive to strike a deal.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=climate%1:26:00:: | definition=the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time | synonyms=clime | examples=the dank climate of southern Wales; plants from a cold clime travel best in winter
2. sense_key=climate%1:26:01:: | definition=the prevailing psychological state | synonyms=mood | examples=the climate of opinion; the national mood had changed radically since the last election

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the word "climate" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text is about international negotiations regarding climate change
 - It mentions "climate change adviser"
 - It mentions "impact of climate change"
 - The target word "climate" appears in the phrase "international climate negotiations"

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=climate%1:26:00::
    - definition: the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time
    - synonyms: clime
    - examples: the dank climate of southern Wales; plants from a cold clime travel best in winter
    - This is the meteorological sense - referring to weather patterns over time.

 2. sense_key=climate%1:26:01::
    - definition: the prevailing psychological state
    - synonyms: mood
    - examples: the climate of opinion; the national mood had changed radically since the last election
    - This is the figurative sense - referring to atmosphere/mood of opinion or social environment.

 In the context provided:
 - "international climate negotiations" - this refers to negotiations about the Earth's climate system (weather patterns, global warming, etc.)
 - The text mentions "greenhouse gases", "climate change", "saving the planet"
 - This is clearly about the meteorological/environmental sense of climate, not the psychological/mood sense.

 The phrase "climate negotiations" refers to negotiations about the climate system (weather, temperature, environmental conditions), not about the psychological mood of negotiations.

 Therefore, sense 1 (climate%1:26:00::) is the correct choice.

 Wait, let me double-check. The target is "climate" in "international climate negotiations".

 In "climate negotiations", it's short for "climate change negotiations" or negotiations regarding the climate system. This is definitely the meteorological sense (sense 1).

 Sense 2 would be used in contexts like "the climate of fear" or "political climate" - referring to the atmosphere or mood. But here, "climate" is being used literally to refer to the Earth's climate system.

 So the answer should be sense_index: 1.

 The user wants the output as: {"sense_index": 1}