[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: main
Target surface form: main
Context:
How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the <t>main</t> measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=main%5:00:00:important:00 | definition=most important element | synonyms=chief, primary, principal, master | examples=the chief aim of living; the main doors were of solid glass
2. sense_key=main%3:00:02:: | definition=(of a clause) capable of standing syntactically alone as a complete sentence | synonyms=independent | examples=the main (or independent) clause in a complex sentence has at least a subject and a verb
3. sense_key=main%5:00:00:intense:00 | definition=of force; of the greatest possible intensity | examples=by main strength

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "main" in a specific context.

 Context analysis:
 The sentence is: "In all three studies, the <t>main</t> measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived."

 This is talking about clinical studies for a medicine (Alimta). The "main measure of effectiveness" refers to the primary or most important way they measured whether the drug was working.

 Looking at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=main%5:00:00:important:00 | definition=most important element | synonyms=chief, primary, principal, master | examples=the chief aim of living; the main doors were of solid glass

 This fits well. "Main measure" means the most important or primary measure. Synonyms like "primary" and "principal" fit perfectly here - it was the primary measure of effectiveness.

 2. sense_key=main%3:00:02:: | definition=(of a clause) capable of standing syntactically alone as a complete sentence | synonyms=independent | examples=the main (or independent) clause in a complex sentence has at least a subject and a verb

 This is about grammar/syntax - main clauses. The context is about clinical studies and measures of effectiveness, not grammar. So this doesn't fit.

 3. sense_key=main%5:00:00:intense:00 | definition=of force; of the greatest possible intensity | examples=by main strength

 This refers to physical force or intensity (like "main strength"). The context is about a measure in clinical studies, not about force or intensity. So this doesn't fit.

 Therefore, sense 1 is the correct choice.

 Wait, let me double-check the sense keys. The format is:
 1. main%5:00:00:important:00
 2. main%3:00:02::
 3. main%5:00:00:intense:00

 The question asks me to return a JSON object like {"sense_index": 3}. So I should return {"sense_index": 1}.

 But let me make sure I'm interpreting "sense_index" correctly. The user lists them as:
 Candidate senses:
 1. ...
 2. ...
 3. ...

 So the index refers to the numbering in the list (1, 2, or 3).

 Yes, it should be {"sense_index": 1}.

 The context clearly indicates "most important" or "primary" - the principal measure of effectiveness. This aligns with sense 1.

 Sense 2 is grammatical.
 Sense 3 is about force/intensity (archaic usage perhaps, like "with might and main").

 So the answer is definitely sense 1.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: measure
Target surface form: measure
Context:
How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main <t>measure</t> of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=measure%1:04:01:: | definition=any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal | synonyms=step | examples=the situation called for strong measures; the police took steps to reduce crime
2. sense_key=measure%1:03:00:: | definition=how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify | synonyms=quantity, amount
3. sense_key=measure%1:10:02:: | definition=a statute in draft before it becomes law | synonyms=bill | examples=they held a public hearing on the bill
4. sense_key=measure%1:04:00:: | definition=the act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule | synonyms=measurement, measuring, mensuration | examples=the measurements were carefully done; his mental measurings proved remarkably accurate
5. sense_key=measure%1:10:03:: | definition=a basis for comparison; a reference point against which other things can be evaluated | synonyms=standard, criterion, touchstone | examples=the schools comply with federal standards; they set the measure for all subsequent work
6. sense_key=measure%1:10:01:: | definition=(prosody) the accent in a metrical foot of verse | synonyms=meter, metre, beat, cadence
7. sense_key=measure%1:10:00:: | definition=musical notation for a repeating pattern of musical beats | synonyms=bar | examples=the orchestra omitted the last twelve bars of the song
8. sense_key=measure%1:06:00:: | definition=measuring instrument having a sequence of marks at regular intervals; used as a reference in making measurements | synonyms=measuring stick, measuring rod
9. sense_key=measure%1:06:01:: | definition=a container of some standard capacity that is used to obtain fixed amounts of a substance

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "measure" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 The text is about clinical studies of a drug called Alimta. It describes studies comparing Alimta with other treatments. The key sentence is: "In all three studies, the main <t>measure</t> of effectiveness was how long the patients survived."

 So "measure" here refers to the standard or criterion used to evaluate effectiveness - specifically, "how long the patients survived" (survival time) was the main criterion/standard for measuring effectiveness.

 Looking at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=measure%1:04:01:: | definition=any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal | synonyms=step | examples=the situation called for strong measures; the police took steps to reduce crime
 - This is about actions or steps taken. Not fitting here.

 2. sense_key=measure%1:03:00:: | definition=how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify | synonyms=quantity, amount
 - This refers to the quantity itself. While survival time is a quantity, "measure" here is being used as the standard or metric of evaluation, not the quantity itself.

 3. sense_key=measure%1:10:02:: | definition=a statute in draft before it becomes law | synonyms=bill
 - Legal context. Not relevant.

 4. sense_key=measure%1:04:00:: | definition=the act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule | synonyms=measurement, measuring, mensuration
 - This refers to the act of measuring. The context says "the main measure of effectiveness was..." - this is referring to what is being measured or the standard used, not the act of measuring.

 5. sense_key=measure%1:10:03:: | definition=a basis for comparison; a reference point against which other things can be evaluated | synonyms=standard, criterion, touchstone | examples=the schools comply with federal standards; they set the measure for all subsequent work
 - This fits well. "The main measure of effectiveness" = the main standard/criterion of effectiveness. "How long the patients survived" is the criterion/standard being used to evaluate effectiveness.

 6. sense_key=measure%1:10:01:: | definition=(prosody) the accent in a metrical foot of verse | synonyms=meter, metre, beat, cadence
 - Poetry/meter. Not relevant.

 7. sense_key=measure%1:10:00:: | definition=musical notation for a repeating pattern of musical beats | synonyms=bar
 - Music. Not relevant.

 8. sense_key=measure%1:06:00:: | definition=measuring instrument having a sequence of marks at regular intervals; used as a reference in making measurements | synonyms=measuring stick, measuring rod
 - Physical object. Not relevant.

 9. sense_key=measure%1:06:01:: | definition=a container of some standard capacity that is used to obtain fixed amounts of a substance
 - Physical container. Not relevant.

 Sense 5 seems to be the best fit. The phrase "measure of effectiveness" is a common collocation where "measure" means a standard or criterion for evaluation. The definition mentions "a basis for comparison; a reference point against which other things can be evaluated" which matches perfectly with using survival time as the criterion to evaluate the drug's effectiveness.

 Wait, let me reconsider sense 2 vs sense 5.

 Sense 2: "how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify" - this could potentially fit if we think of "measure" as the quantity being measured. But in scientific/clinical contexts, "measure" often refers to the metric or outcome being assessed.

 Actually, looking at the example for sense 5: "they set the measure for all subsequent work" - this suggests sense 5 is about a standard or benchmark.

 In the context: "the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived" - this means the main criterion/indicator of effectiveness was survival time. This aligns with sense 5 (standard, criterion).

 However, I should also consider if this could be sense 4 (the act of measuring). But "the main measure" suggests a noun referring to the metric itself, not the process.

 Or could it be sense 2 (quantity)? "The main quantity of effectiveness" doesn't make sense. It's not the quantity itself, but the metric used to assess effectiveness.

 Sense 5 is definitely the best fit: "a basis for comparison; a reference point against which other things can be evaluated" - yes, survival time is the reference point/criterion for evaluating effectiveness.

 The index for sense 5 is 5 (based on the list provided: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5...).

 Wait, I need to check the sense_key format. The user asks me not to answer with a WordNet sense key, but to return a JSON with "sense_index". The candidate senses are numbered 1-9 in the list. So I should return the number from that list.

 Sense 5 is:
 5. sense_key=measure%1:10:03:: | definition=a basis for comparison; a reference point against which other things can be evaluated | synonyms=standard, criterion, touchstone | examples=the schools comply with federal standards; they set the measure for all subsequent work

 Yes, this is the correct one.

 Actually, looking at WordNet, sense 5 here corresponds to measure%1:10:03:: which is the "standard/criterion" sense.

 So the answer should be {"sense_index": 5}.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: DeepInfra

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: long
Target surface form: long
Context:
How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how <t>long</t> the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=long%4:02:00:: | definition=for an extended time or at a distant time | examples=a promotion long overdue; something long hoped for
2. sense_key=long%4:02:03:: | definition=for an extended distance

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the word "long" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The text is about clinical studies of Alimta (a cancer medication)
 - The specific sentence: "In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how <t>long</t> the patients survived."
 - This is asking about the duration of survival - how much time the patients lived after treatment.

 Candidate senses:
 1. sense_key=long%4:02:00:: | definition=for an extended time or at a distant time | examples=a promotion long overdue; something long hoped for
 2. sense_key=long%4:02:03:: | definition=for an extended distance

 Analysis:
 - "long" here modifies "survived" - it's about the duration of survival
 - "Survived" is a temporal concept - living for a period of time
 - Sense 1 refers to "for an extended time" - this matches temporal duration
 - Sense 2 refers to "for an extended distance" - this is spatial, which doesn't fit here

 The phrase "how long the patients survived" clearly refers to the length of time (duration) they survived, not a physical distance.

 Therefore, sense 1 (long%4:02:00::) is the correct choice.

 The user wants the output as: {"sense_index": 1}

 Wait, let me check the sense keys again. The user provided:
 1. sense_key=long%4:02:00::
 2. sense_key=long%4:02:03::

 So index 1 is the temporal sense, index 2 is the spatial/distance sense.

 The context is clearly temporal: "how long the patients survived" = for what duration/period of time did they survive.

 Therefore, the answer should be {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: patients
Context:
How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the <t>patients</t> survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the word "patients" in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
- The text is about medical studies of a drug called Alimta
- It discusses studies involving 456 patients, 571 patients, 1,725 patients
- These are people receiving chemotherapy or treatment for cancer (malignant pleural mesothelioma, non-small cell lung cancer)
- The phrase "how long the patients survived" indicates these are people being treated medically

Now looking at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
   - This fits perfectly. The context is about people receiving medical treatment (chemotherapy) for diseases (cancer).
   - The example "emergency patients" aligns with the medical context.

2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role
   - This is a linguistic/grammatical term referring to the semantic role in a sentence (like in "John was hit by Mary" - John is the patient).
   - The context here is clearly about medical patients, not grammatical roles.

The target surface form is "patients" (plural), and the context is clearly medical - discussing cancer treatment, chemotherapy, survival rates, etc.

Therefore, sense 1 is the correct choice.

The user wants the output as a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}, but with the correct index. Since the first sense is indexed as 1 in the list provided, I should return {"sense_index": 1}.

Wait, let me double-check the indexing. The candidate senses are listed as:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00::
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00::

So index 1 is the medical sense, index 2 is the semantic role sense.

The context clearly refers to people receiving medical care (cancer patients), so the answer is index 1.

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: survive
Target surface form: survived
Context:
How has Alimta been studied? For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients <t>survived</t>. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=survive%2:42:01:: | definition=continue to live through hardship or adversity | synonyms=last, live, live on, go, endure, hold up | examples=We went without water and food for 3 days; These superstitions survive in the backwaters of America
2. sense_key=survive%2:42:02:: | definition=continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.) | synonyms=pull through, pull round, come through, make it | examples=He survived the cancer against all odds
3. sense_key=survive%2:42:00:: | definition=support oneself | synonyms=exist, live, subsist | examples=he could barely exist on such a low wage; Can you live on $2000 a month in New York City?
4. sense_key=survive%2:42:03:: | definition=live longer than | synonyms=outlive, outlast | examples=She outlived her husband by many years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "survived" in the given context. The target lemma is "survive" and the surface form is "survived".

Let me analyze the context:
- The text is about clinical studies of a drug called Alimta for treating cancer (malignant pleural mesothelioma and non-small cell lung cancer).
- It mentions that in all three studies, "the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived."
- This is referring to survival time or survival duration in a medical/clinical context - essentially how long the patients continued to live after treatment.

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=survive%2:42:01:: | definition=continue to live through hardship or adversity | synonyms=last, live, live on, go, endure, hold up | examples=We went without water and food for 3 days; These superstitions survive in the backwaters of America
   - This sense seems to focus on enduring hardship or adversity. While cancer is certainly a hardship, the specific context here is about duration of life in a clinical study.

2. sense_key=survive%2:42:02:: | definition=continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.) | synonyms=pull through, pull round, come through, make it | examples=He survived the cancer against all odds
   - This sense focuses on surviving a specific adversity (like cancer). The example "He survived the cancer against all odds" is very relevant. However, the context here is specifically about "how long" the patients survived, which implies duration of survival, not just the binary fact of surviving the disease.

3. sense_key=survive%2:42:00:: | definition=support oneself | synonyms=exist, live, subsist | examples=he could barely exist on such a low wage; Can you live on $2000 a month in New York City?
   - This is about subsisting or supporting oneself financially or materially. Not relevant to the medical context.

4. sense_key=survive%2:42:03:: | definition=live longer than | synonyms=outlive, outlast | examples=She outlived her husband by many years
   - This requires a direct object - living longer than someone or something else. The context doesn't mention patients living longer than anyone else specifically, just how long they survived.

Wait, looking more carefully at sense 1 and sense 2:

Sense 1: "continue to live through hardship or adversity" - this is intransitive. The examples show "We went without water..." and "These superstitions survive..."

Sense 2: "continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.)" - this seems to be transitive or at least focused on surviving a specific event/condition. The example "He survived the cancer against all odds" shows the structure "survived [the cancer]".

But in the target sentence: "how long the patients survived" - this is intransitive. There's no direct object. It's asking about the duration of survival.

Actually, looking at WordNet structure:
- survive%2:42:01:: is usually the sense "continue to live" or "remain alive" - the intransitive sense of continuing to live.
- survive%2:42:02:: is usually "survive something" - transitive, meaning to live through or remain alive after a dangerous event.

In the context: "how long the patients survived" - this is about the duration of remaining alive. It's measuring survival time.

Sense 1: "continue to live through hardship or adversity" - this fits because cancer is the hardship/adversity, and the study measures how long they continued to live.

Sense 2: "continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.)" - this might imply surviving the specific adversity (the cancer), but the focus on "how long" suggests it's about the duration of living, not just the fact of having survived the disease.

Actually, looking at the examples for sense 2: "He survived the cancer against all odds" - this is about surviving the disease itself (coming through it alive).

But in clinical trials, "survival" is measured as "overall survival" - the length of time from either the date of diagnosis or the start of treatment that patients are still alive. This is about continuing to live, enduring, lasting.

Sense 1 synonyms: last, live, live on, go, endure, hold up
Sense 2 synonyms: pull through, pull round, come through, make it

The phrase "how long the patients survived" aligns better with sense 1 (continue to live, endure, last) than sense 2 (pull through, come through). Sense 2 implies overcoming a specific critical moment, while sense 1 implies continuing to live over a period of time.

Also, the example for sense 1: "We went without water and food for 3 days" - this is about duration, similar to "how long".

Therefore, sense 1 (survive%2:42:01::) seems to be the best fit.

Wait, I need to check the WordNet sense keys carefully. The user provided:
1. survive%2:42:01::
2. survive%2:42:02::
3. survive%2:42:00::
4. survive%2:42:03::

In WordNet 3.0/3.1:
- survive%2:42:00:: is usually "exist, survive, live, subsist" - support oneself
- survive%2:42:01:: is usually "survive, last, live, live on, go, endure, hold up, hold out" - continue to live
- survive%2:42:02:: is usually "survive, pull through, pull round, come through, make it" - continue in existence after (an adversity)
- survive%2:42:03:: is usually "outlive, outlast, survive" - live longer than

So:
- Sense 0: support oneself (subsist)
- Sense 1: continue to live/endure (intransitive)
- Sense 2: survive (a disease/accident) - transitive or intransitive with implied object
- Sense 3: outlive

In the context "how long the patients survived", this is clearly about the duration of life. It's intransitive. The patients are continuing to live despite having cancer (the adversity).

Sense 1 definition: "continue to live through hardship or adversity"
Examples: "We went without water and food for 3 days"; "These superstitions survive in the backwaters of America"

The first example is about enduring deprivation for a period of time (3 days), which parallels "how long" in the target.

Sense 2 definition: "continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.)"
Examples: "He survived the cancer against all odds"

This is about surviving the specific event (cancer). But in the target, it's not "survived the cancer" (though implied), it's specifically "how long the patients survived" - focusing on duration.

In medical contexts, "survival" refers to continuing to live, and "survival time" is the duration. This maps to sense 1.

Therefore, the answer should be sense_index 1.

But wait, I should double-check the indexing. The user lists them as:
1. sense_key=survive%2:42:01::
2. sense_key=survive%2:42:02::
3. sense_key=survive%2:42:00::
4. sense_key=survive%2:42:03::

So:
- Index 1 corresponds to survive%2:42:01::
- Index 2 corresponds to survive%2:42:02::
- Index 3 corresponds to survive%2:42:00::
- Index 4 corresponds to survive%2:42:03::

I need to return {"sense_index": 1} if I choose the first one.

Let me reconsider if sense 2 could be correct. If the patients "survived" meaning they didn't die from the cancer, and we're measuring how long they survived (after diagnosis/treatment), sense 2 might apply. But sense 2 typically takes an object or refers to surviving a specific incident. "He survived the cancer" - the cancer is the adversity.

In "how long the patients survived", there's no object. It's intransitive. Sense 1 is the intransitive sense of continuing to live. Sense 2 can be used intransitively too, but the definition "continue in existence after (an adversity)" suggests the focus is on the aftermath of the adversity.

Actually, looking at WordNet more carefully:
Sense 2 (survive%2:42:02::) is defined as "continue to live after a dangerous event or disease" - roughly. The gloss given is "continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.)".

But in clinical trials, when we say "median survival was X months", we mean the length of time patients continued to live. This is sense 1.

Also, the example for sense 1 mentions "We went without water and food for 3 days" - this is about enduring over time.

The example for sense 2 is "He survived the cancer against all odds" - this is about the outcome of the disease.

The question is asking about "how long" - duration. This aligns with sense 1 (continue to live, endure, last).

Therefore, sense_index: 1.

One final check: could sense 4 (outlive) be relevant? No, because there's no comparison to someone else's lifespan mentioned.

Could sense 3 (support oneself) be relevant? No, this is about financial support or subsistence.

So it's between 1 and 2.

Given the "how long" duration focus and the intransitive use, sense 1 is the best choice.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: benefit
Target surface form: benefit
Context:
For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What <t>benefit</t> has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=benefit%1:21:00:: | definition=financial assistance in time of need
2. sense_key=benefit%1:07:00:: | definition=something that aids or promotes well-being | synonyms=welfare | examples=for the benefit of all
3. sense_key=benefit%1:10:00:: | definition=a performance to raise money for a charitable cause

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) on the word "benefit" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 The text is about medical studies of a drug called Alimta (pemetrexed) used for treating malignant pleural mesothelioma and non-small cell lung cancer. It describes clinical trials comparing Alimta with other treatments, measuring effectiveness by survival time. The specific sentence is: "What <t>benefit</t> has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma."

 So "benefit" here refers to the positive outcome or advantage shown by the drug in the studies - specifically, increased survival time. This is asking about the therapeutic advantage or positive effect.

 Candidate senses:
 1. benefit%1:21:00:: - financial assistance in time of need
    - This is about money/financial aid. Not relevant here. The context is about medical/clinical outcomes, not financial assistance.

 2. benefit%1:07:00:: - something that aids or promotes well-being | synonyms=welfare | examples=for the benefit of all
    - This refers to something that promotes well-being, welfare, advantage. In medical contexts, "benefit" often means therapeutic benefit or positive health outcome.
    - The example "for the benefit of all" suggests general welfare/well-being.
    - In the context: "What benefit has Alimta shown" = what positive effect/advantage has it shown for patients' well-being/survival.

 3. benefit%1:10:00:: - a performance to raise money for a charitable cause
    - This is a specific event (like a benefit concert). Not relevant here.

 Analysis:
 The context is clearly medical/scientific. The question "What benefit has Alimta shown" is asking about the therapeutic benefit - the positive outcome (increased survival time) that promotes the well-being of patients.

 Sense 2 (benefit%1:07:00::) fits best: "something that aids or promotes well-being". The survival time increase is something that aids/promotes the well-being of cancer patients.

 Sense 1 is financial - not applicable.
 Sense 3 is an event - not applicable.

 Therefore, the correct sense index is 2.

 Wait, let me double-check the WordNet sense keys format. The user provided:
 1. sense_key=benefit%1:21:00::
 2. sense_key=benefit%1:07:00::
 3. sense_key=benefit%1:10:00::

 So index 1 is the first one, index 2 is the second one, index 3 is the third one.

 I need to return {"sense_index": 2}.

 Let me verify the glosses again to make sure I'm not missing anything.

 Sense 1: financial assistance in time of need - definitely not. This is about welfare benefits/unemployment benefits type of meaning.

 Sense 2: something that aids or promotes well-being - this is the general "advantage" or "positive effect" meaning. In the context of clinical trials, "benefit" refers to the positive therapeutic effect. The text explicitly states the benefit is increased survival time. This promotes well-being.

 Sense 3: a performance to raise money - definitely not.

 So yes, sense 2 is correct.

 The user instructions say:
 1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
 2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
 3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
 4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

 So I should return {"sense_index": 2}.

provider: ModelRun


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: show
Target surface form: shown
Context:
For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta <t>shown</t> during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=show%2:39:02:: | definition=give an exhibition of to an interested audience | synonyms=demo, exhibit, present, demonstrate | examples=She shows her dogs frequently; We will demo the new software in Washington
2. sense_key=show%2:31:00:: | definition=establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment | synonyms=prove, demonstrate, establish, shew | examples=The experiment demonstrated the instability of the compound; The mathematician showed the validity of the conjecture
3. sense_key=show%2:32:00:: | definition=provide evidence for | synonyms=testify, bear witness, prove, evidence | examples=The blood test showed that he was the father; Her behavior testified to her incompetence
4. sense_key=show%2:39:00:: | definition=make visible or noticeable | examples=She showed her talent for cooking; Show me your etchings, please
5. sense_key=show%2:36:00:: | definition=show in, or as in, a picture | synonyms=picture, depict, render | examples=This scene depicts country life; the face of the child is rendered with much tenderness in this painting
6. sense_key=show%2:32:02:: | definition=give expression to | synonyms=express, evince | examples=She showed her disappointment
7. sense_key=show%2:32:01:: | definition=indicate a place, direction, person, or thing; either spatially or figuratively | synonyms=indicate, point, designate | examples=I showed the customer the glove section; He pointed to the empty parking space
8. sense_key=show%2:39:01:: | definition=be or become visible or noticeable | synonyms=show up | examples=His good upbringing really shows; The dirty side will show
9. sense_key=show%2:32:04:: | definition=indicate a certain reading; of gauges and instruments | synonyms=read, register, record | examples=The thermometer showed thirteen degrees below zero; The gauge read `empty'
10. sense_key=show%2:32:03:: | definition=give evidence of, as of records | examples=The diary shows his distress that evening
11. sense_key=show%2:38:00:: | definition=take (someone) to their seats, as in theaters or auditoriums | synonyms=usher | examples=The usher showed us to our seats
12. sense_key=show%2:33:00:: | definition=finish third or better in a horse or dog race | examples=he bet $2 on number six to show

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "shown" (lemma "show") in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 The text is about medical studies of a drug called Alimta. The specific sentence is: "What benefit has Alimta <t>shown</t> during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma."

 The question is asking what benefit Alimta demonstrated/proved/established during the studies. The studies compared Alimta with other treatments and measured effectiveness by survival time. The next sentence states the result: "Alimta increased the survival time..."

 So "shown" here means to demonstrate, prove, or establish the validity/effectiveness of something through evidence (the studies).

 Looking at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=show%2:39:02:: - give an exhibition of to an interested audience (demo, exhibit, present) - This is about displaying something physically or demonstrating how something works. Not right for medical study results.

 2. sense_key=show%2:31:00:: - establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment (prove, demonstrate, establish) - This fits well. The studies established/proved the benefit of Alimta.

 3. sense_key=show%2:32:00:: - provide evidence for (testify, bear witness, prove, evidence) - This is also close, but sense 2 seems more about establishing validity through experiment, which fits the clinical trial context better. However, sense 3 is also about providing evidence. Let me check the examples: "The blood test showed that he was the father" - this is about evidence. "The experiment demonstrated..." from sense 2.

 Actually, looking carefully:
 Sense 2: "establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment" - examples include "The experiment demonstrated the instability of the compound"
 Sense 3: "provide evidence for" - examples include "The blood test showed that he was the father"

 In the context of clinical studies, "shown" means the studies demonstrated/proved the benefit. Both 2 and 3 are close. But sense 2 specifically mentions "experiment" in the definition and has "prove, demonstrate, establish" as synonyms. Sense 3 has "testify, bear witness, prove, evidence".

 The phrase "What benefit has Alimta shown" is asking what benefit has been demonstrated/proven by the studies. This aligns with sense 2 (establish validity through experiment/example) or sense 3 (provide evidence).

 However, looking at the examples for sense 2: "The experiment demonstrated the instability of the compound" - this is very similar to our context where studies demonstrate the benefit of a drug.

 Sense 3 examples: "The blood test showed that he was the father" - this is more about a test result indicating a fact.

 In clinical trial contexts, "shown" typically maps to sense 2 (demonstrate, prove) or sense 3 (provide evidence). But sense 2 is specifically about establishing validity through experiment, which is exactly what clinical trials do.

 Wait, let me look at the WordNet sense keys to be sure about the indices:
 The user lists them as 1-12, but the sense keys have different lexicographer file numbers (2:39:02, 2:31:00, etc.).

 The question asks for the "sense_index" which corresponds to the numbered list (1-12).

 So:
 1. show%2:39:02::
 2. show%2:31:00::
 3. show%2:32:00::
 4. show%2:39:00::
 5. show%2:36:00::
 6. sense_key=show%2:32:02::
 7. sense_key=show%2:32:01::
 8. sense_key=show%2:39:01::
 9. sense_key=show%2:32:04::
 10. sense_key=show%2:32:03::
 11. sense_key=show%2:38:00::
 12. sense_key=show%2:33:00::

 So index 2 is show%2:31:00:: "establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment"
 Index 3 is show%2:32:00:: "provide evidence for"

 Which is better?
 The context: "What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies?"
 The studies are experiments. The benefit is established/proven by the studies.
 "Establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment" - this fits perfectly because the studies are experiments that establish the validity (effectiveness) of the drug.

 "Provide evidence for" is also correct but slightly broader. However, in WSD tasks, sense 2 is typically used for "show" meaning "demonstrate/prove" in scientific contexts.

 Let me check if there's any other sense that could fit.
 Sense 4: make visible or noticeable - "She showed her talent" - not right.
 Sense 6: give expression to - "She showed her disappointment" - not right.
 Sense 10: give evidence of, as of records - "The diary shows his distress" - this is close but more about records showing something over time, not necessarily experimental proof.

 Between 2 and 3:
 Sense 2 synonyms: prove, demonstrate, establish, shew
 Sense 3 synonyms: testify, bear witness, prove, evidence

 The phrase "shown during the studies" strongly suggests the experimental/demonstration aspect of sense 2. Clinical studies demonstrate (prove) the efficacy.

 Also, the example for sense 2: "The experiment demonstrated the instability of the compound" parallels "the studies showed the benefit of Alimta."

 Therefore, sense index 2 is the best choice.

 Wait, I should double-check sense 3's examples: "The blood test showed that he was the father" - this is also a scientific/medical context. But a blood test provides evidence, whereas a study (clinical trial) is more about establishing validity through experiment.

 Actually, looking at standard WordNet mappings:
 - show%2:31:00:: is usually "demonstrate, prove" (cognitive process)
 - show%2:32:00:: is usually "testify, bear witness, prove, evidence" (communication? no, it's under verb.communication? No, 2:32 is verb.communication? Wait, WordNet lexicographer file numbers:
   - 2:31 is verb.cognition
   - 2:32 is verb.communication
   - 2:39 is verb.perception
   - 2:36 is verb.creation
   - 2:38 is verb.motion
   - 2:33 is verb.competition

 So sense 2 (2:31:00) is verb.cognition - "establish the validity" - this is about proving something in one's mind or scientifically.
 Sense 3 (2:32:00) is verb.communication - "provide evidence for" - this is about testifying or bearing witness.

 In the context "What benefit has Alimta shown", it's not that Alimta is testifying or communicating evidence. It's that the studies have demonstrated/proven the benefit. So sense 2 (cognition) is better than sense 3 (communication).

 Also, the subject is "Alimta" (the drug), and the verb is passive "has been shown" or active "has shown" (here it's "has Alimta shown"). The drug demonstrates its benefit through the studies. This is metaphorical personification, but the underlying meaning is that the studies demonstrate the benefit.

 Therefore, sense index 2 is correct.

 Final check: The user wants a JSON object like {"sense_index": 3}. So I should return {"sense_index": 2}.

provider: Chutes


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: study
Target surface form: studies
Context:
For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the <t>studies</t>? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=study%1:04:00:: | definition=a detailed critical inspection | synonyms=survey
2. sense_key=study%1:09:03:: | definition=applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading) | synonyms=work | examples=mastering a second language requires a lot of work; no schools offer graduate study in interior design
3. sense_key=study%1:10:00:: | definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | synonyms=report, written report | examples=this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
4. sense_key=study%1:09:04:: | definition=a state of deep mental absorption | examples=she is in a deep study
5. sense_key=study%1:06:00:: | definition=a room used for reading and writing and studying | examples=he knocked lightly on the closed door of the study
6. sense_key=study%1:09:02:: | definition=a branch of knowledge | synonyms=discipline, subject, subject area, subject field, field, field of study | examples=in what discipline is his doctorate?; teachers should be well trained in their subject
7. sense_key=study%1:06:01:: | definition=preliminary drawing for later elaboration | synonyms=sketch | examples=he made several studies before starting to paint
8. sense_key=study%1:09:01:: | definition=attentive consideration and meditation | synonyms=cogitation | examples=after much cogitation he rejected the offer
9. sense_key=study%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who memorizes quickly and easily (as the lines for a part in a play) | examples=he is a quick study
10. sense_key=study%1:10:01:: | definition=a composition intended to develop one aspect of the performer's technique | examples=a study in spiccato bowing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "studies" in the given context. The target lemma is "study" and the surface form is "studies" (plural).

Let me analyze the context:
- The text is about clinical trials/studies of a drug called Alimta
- It mentions "one main study in 456 patients"
- "one study involving 571 patients"
- "a study involving 1,725 patients"
- Then the question: "What benefit has Alimta shown during the <t>studies</t>?"
- The answer refers to survival time increases

So "studies" here refers to the clinical trials/research studies conducted to test the drug. These are systematic investigations or research projects.

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=study%1:04:00:: | definition=a detailed critical inspection | synonyms=survey
   - This seems like a general inspection or survey. While clinical studies involve inspection, this seems too generic.

2. sense_key=study%1:09:03:: | definition=applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading) | synonyms=work
   - This is about the act of studying/learning as a student would. Not applicable here.

3. sense_key=study%1:10:00:: | definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | synonyms=report, written report | examples=this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
   - This refers to the published report/document resulting from research. The context mentions "during the studies" which suggests the research activity/trial itself, not just the written report. However, in medical contexts, "studies" often refers to the research trials themselves.

4. sense_key=study%1:09:04:: | definition=a state of deep mental absorption
   - Not relevant.

5. sense_key=study%1:06:00:: | definition=a room used for reading and writing and studying
   - Physical room. Not relevant.

6. sense_key=study%1:09:02:: | definition=a branch of knowledge | synonyms=discipline, subject...
   - Academic field. Not relevant.

7. sense_key=study%1:06:01:: | definition=preliminary drawing for later elaboration | synonyms=sketch
   - Artistic sketch. Not relevant.

8. sense_key=study%1:09:01:: | definition=attentive consideration and meditation | synonyms=cogitation
   - Mental activity. Not relevant.

9. sense_key=study%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who memorizes quickly and easily
   - Person. Not relevant.

10. sense_key=study%1:10:01:: | definition=a composition intended to develop one aspect of the performer's technique
    - Musical/artistic exercise. Not relevant.

Wait, I need to look more carefully. The context is clearly about clinical trials - systematic scientific investigations.

Looking at sense 1: "a detailed critical inspection" - this could fit, as clinical studies are detailed inspections of drug effects.

Looking at sense 3: "a written document describing the findings..." - this is the report.

But the phrase is "during the studies" - this refers to the time period when the research was being conducted. In clinical trial contexts, "study" refers to the trial itself - the systematic investigation.

Actually, looking at WordNet sense keys:
- study%1:04:00:: is under noun.artifact? No, looking at the key format: %1:04:00 - the 04 usually indicates the lexicographer file. Let me think about WordNet structure.

Actually, looking at the sense keys:
- %1:04:00 - this is likely noun.act or noun.cognition? Wait, WordNet sense keys format is: lemma%pos:lex_filenum:lex_id

1:04 - lexicographer file 04 is noun.act (action/act)
1:09 - noun.cognition
1:10 - noun.communication
1:06 - noun.artifact
1:18 - noun.person

So:
1. study%1:04:00:: - noun.act - "a detailed critical inspection" - this is the act of studying/investigating
3. study%1:10:00:: - noun.communication - "a written document..." - the report

In the context: "during the studies" - this refers to the clinical trials, which are systematic investigations. The text mentions "one main study in 456 patients" - this is describing the clinical trial (the investigation).

However, sense 1 says "a detailed critical inspection" with synonym "survey". A clinical trial is a type of study, but is it best described as "a detailed critical inspection"?

Actually, looking at WordNet, sense 1 (study%1:04:00::) is typically the general sense of a systematic investigation or research study.

But wait, there's also the possibility that in this medical context, "studies" refers to the research trials, which would be sense 1.

Let me reconsider sense 3: "a written document describing the findings..." - examples include "this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale". In academic contexts, "study" can refer to the published paper.

But the phrase "during the studies" suggests the temporal duration of the research activities, not the written reports. You wouldn't say "during the written documents" but you would say "during the investigations/trials".

Also, the text earlier says "Alimta has been studied in one main study" - here "study" is the context where patients were examined, i.e., the clinical trial.

So sense 1 seems best: "a detailed critical inspection" - though "inspection" might sound weak, in WordNet this covers systematic investigations like clinical trials.

Wait, let me double-check if there's a more specific sense for scientific research. Looking at the list, sense 1 is the only one that fits "systematic investigation". Sense 3 is the resulting document.

Actually, looking at the example for sense 3: "this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale" - this could refer to the research or the paper. But the definition explicitly says "a written document".

In the context: "For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study..." - here "study" refers to the clinical trial (the investigation).

Then later: "What benefit has Alimta shown during the <t>studies</t>?" - referring back to the three studies mentioned (the main study, the one involving 571 patients, and the one involving 1,725 patients). These are clinical trials.

So the sense should be the one meaning "systematic investigation" or "research project".

Sense 1: "a detailed critical inspection" - this is the closest, though "inspection" is a bit odd for a clinical trial, it's the standard WordNet sense for this meaning.

Sense 3 is definitely about the written report, which doesn't fit "during".

Therefore, the answer should be sense 1.

But let me reconsider. Is there any other sense? Sense 6 is "a branch of knowledge" - no. Sense 2 is "applying the mind to learning" - no.

Actually, looking at WordNet 3.0 or 3.1 data:
- study.n.01: a detailed critical inspection (syn: survey)
- study.n.02: applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject...
- study.n.03: a written document describing the findings...
- etc.

In WordNet, study.n.01 is the general sense for a research study or investigation.

However, I should verify if "clinical study" maps to sense 1 or sense 3. In many WSD datasets, "study" in the context of clinical trials maps to sense 1 (the investigation).

Also, the question asks what benefit was shown "during the studies" - this temporal phrase strongly suggests the time period of the investigation, not the publication.

Therefore, sense 1 is correct.

Wait, looking at the sense key format again: study%1:04:00::
The :04: indicates lexicographer file 4, which is noun.act (actions/activities).
The :10: would be noun.communication.

Clinical trials are activities/investigations, so they belong in noun.act (sense 1), not noun.communication (sense 3).

So the answer is sense 1.

But I want to double-check: could it be sense 3? If someone says "during the studies", could they mean during the publication period? No, that doesn't make sense. "During the studies" means while the studies were being conducted.

Also, the text mentions "the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived" - this describes what was measured in the studies (the investigations).

So yes, sense 1.

One final check: is there a sense specifically for "clinical trial"? No, WordNet doesn't have that fine-grained distinction. The general sense of "systematic investigation" is sense 1.

The answer is {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: increase
Target surface form: increased
Context:
The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta <t>increased</t> the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=increase%2:30:00:: | definition=become bigger or greater in amount | examples=The amount of work increased
2. sense_key=increase%2:30:02:: | definition=make bigger or more | examples=The boss finally increased her salary; The university increased the number of students it admitted

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "increased" in the given context. The target lemma is "increase" and the surface form is "increased".

Let me analyze the context:
- The text is about clinical studies of a medicine called Alimta
- "Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma."
- This means Alimta caused the survival time to become longer/greater
- Patients receiving Alimta survived for an average of 12.1 months vs 9.3 months for those receiving cisplatin alone

Now looking at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=increase%2:30:00:: | definition=become bigger or greater in amount | examples=The amount of work increased
   - This is an intransitive sense - something becomes bigger on its own
   - Example: "The amount of work increased" - the work increased by itself

2. sense_key=increase%2:30:02:: | definition=make bigger or more | examples=The boss finally increased her salary; The university increased the number of students it admitted
   - This is a transitive sense - someone/something causes an increase
   - Example: "The boss increased her salary" - the boss caused the salary to increase
   - Example: "The university increased the number" - the university caused the number to increase

In the context: "Alimta increased the survival time..."
- Alimta is the subject (the agent/causer)
- "the survival time" is the object (the thing being affected)
- This is clearly a transitive usage where Alimta is causing the survival time to become greater

Therefore, sense 2 is the correct one: "make bigger or more" (transitive/causative) rather than sense 1 "become bigger" (intransitive).

The sentence structure is: Subject (Alimta) + Verb (increased) + Object (the survival time) - this is the transitive/causative sense.

Sense 1 would be used in a sentence like "The survival time increased" (intransitive - no object, just the subject undergoing the change).

So the answer should be sense_index: 2.

Wait, let me double-check the sense keys:
- increase%2:30:00:: - become bigger or greater in amount (intransitive)
- increase%2:30:02:: - make bigger or more (transitive)

Yes, in WordNet:
- increase.v.01 usually refers to the intransitive "become bigger"
- increase.v.02 usually refers to the transitive "make bigger"

The context clearly shows Alimta (the drug) causing an increase in survival time, so it's the transitive sense.

Therefore: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: survival
Target surface form: survival
Context:
The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the <t>survival</t> time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=survival%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of surviving; remaining alive | synonyms=endurance
2. sense_key=survival%1:22:00:: | definition=a natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment | synonyms=survival of the fittest, natural selection, selection
3. sense_key=survival%1:04:00:: | definition=something that survives

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "survival" in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
- The text is about clinical studies of Alimta (a cancer drug)
- "Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma."
- "Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months..."
- The main measure is "how long the patients survived"
- "survival time" refers to the duration patients remain alive

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=survival%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of surviving; remaining alive | synonyms=endurance
   - This seems to fit. It's about the state of remaining alive, endurance. "Survival time" = time of remaining alive.

2. sense_key=survival%1:22:00:: | definition=a natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment | synonyms=survival of the fittest, natural selection, selection
   - This is about evolutionary biology/natural selection. The context is about cancer patients and drug trials, not evolution. So this doesn't fit.

3. sense_key=survival%1:04:00:: | definition=something that survives
   - This would be a physical thing or remnant that survives, like "a survival from ancient times" or an artifact. The context is about the act/state of surviving (time), not an object or remnant.

So sense 1 is clearly the best fit. The context discusses "survival time" - the duration patients remain alive. This maps to "a state of surviving; remaining alive" with synonym "endurance".

Wait, let me double-check WordNet sense numbering. In WordNet:
- survival%1:26:00:: is noun.state (26)
- survival%1:22:00:: is noun.process (22)
- survival%1:04:00:: is noun.act (04)? Wait, let me check.

Actually, looking at the sense keys:
- %1:26:00:: - 26 is noun.state
- %1:22:00:: - 22 is noun.process
- %1:04:00:: - 04 is noun.act? Or noun.Tops? Let me think. WordNet lexicographer file numbers:
  - 04 might be noun.act or noun.animal? Actually:
  - noun.Tops: 03
  - noun.act: 04
  - noun.animal: 05
  - noun.artifact: 06
  - noun.attribute: 07
  - noun.body: 08
  - noun.cognition: 09
  - noun.communication: 10
  - noun.event: 11
  - noun.feeling: 12
  - noun.food: 13
  - noun.group: 14
  - noun.location: 15
  - noun.motive: 16
  - noun.object: 17
  - noun.person: 18
  - noun.phenomenon: 19
  - noun.plant: 20
  - noun.possession: 21
  - noun.process: 22
  - noun.quantity: 23
  - noun.relation: 24
  - noun.shape: 25
  - noun.state: 26
  - noun.substance: 27
  - noun.time: 28
  - verb.body: 29
  - etc.

Wait, actually the lexicographer file numbers I recall might be slightly different. Let me reconsider. The format is %1:XX:YY:: where XX is the lexicographer file number.

Common noun file numbers:
- 03: noun.Tops
- 04: noun.act
- 17: noun.object?
- 26: noun.state
- 22: noun.process

Actually, looking at the definition for sense 3: "something that survives" - this sounds like it could be a noun denoting an object/artifact that has survived from the past. But the lexicographer file is 04 which is noun.act? Hmm.

Wait, let me reconsider. Maybe 1:04 is noun.act? No, "something that survives" doesn't sound like an act. Let me think about what lexicographer file 04 is. Actually, I think:
- 04 = noun.animal? No, 05 is animal.
- 04 might be noun.act.

But regardless of my uncertainty about the exact lexicographer file mapping, the definitions are clear:
- Sense 1: state of surviving; remaining alive (endurance)
- Sense 2: natural process/evolution (survival of the fittest)
- Sense 3: something that survives (a survivor/artifact)

In the context: "Alimta increased the survival time" - this refers to the state or duration of remaining alive. It's about patients remaining alive longer. This is clearly sense 1.

The phrase "survival time" is a common collocation referring to the length of time someone remains alive, which aligns with "a state of surviving; remaining alive".

Therefore, the answer is sense_index: 1.

I need to return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}. So for sense 1, it should be {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: SiliconFlow


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: time
Target surface form: time
Context:
The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival <t>time</t> of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=time%1:11:00:: | definition=an instance or single occasion for some event | synonyms=clip | examples=this time he succeeded; he called four times
2. sense_key=time%1:28:05:: | definition=a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something | examples=take time to smell the roses; I didn't have time to finish
3. sense_key=time%1:28:00:: | definition=an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities) | examples=he waited a long time; the time of year for planting
4. sense_key=time%1:28:06:: | definition=a suitable moment | examples=it is time to go
5. sense_key=time%1:03:00:: | definition=the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past
6. sense_key=time%1:11:01:: | definition=a person's experience on a particular occasion | examples=he had a time holding back the tears; they had a good time together
7. sense_key=time%1:28:03:: | definition=a reading of a point in time as given by a clock | synonyms=clock time | examples=do you know what time it is?; the time is 10 o'clock
8. sense_key=time%1:28:04:: | definition=the fourth coordinate that is required (along with three spatial dimensions) to specify a physical event | synonyms=fourth dimension
9. sense_key=time%1:07:01:: | definition=rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration | synonyms=meter, metre
10. sense_key=time%1:28:01:: | definition=the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned | synonyms=prison term, sentence | examples=he served a prison term of 15 months; his sentence was 5 to 10 years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "time" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The text is about medical studies comparing cancer treatments (Alimta, cisplatin, docetaxel, gemcitabine)
 - The specific sentence containing the target word: "Alimta increased the survival <t>time</t> of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma."
 - Later context mentions: "Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months..."
 - So "survival time" refers to the duration/period that patients survived.

 Looking at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=time%1:11:00:: - "an instance or single occasion for some event" - This is about specific occurrences (e.g., "this time he succeeded"). Not a duration.

 2. sense_key=time%1:28:05:: - "a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something" - Examples: "take time to smell the roses", "I didn't have time to finish". This is about available time as a resource. Not quite right for survival duration.

 3. sense_key=time%1:28:00:: - "an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)" - Examples: "he waited a long time", "the time of year for planting". This seems to fit "survival time" - it's a period/duration marked by the attribute of survival.

 4. sense_key=time%1:28:06:: - "a suitable moment" - Example: "it is time to go". Not relevant.

 5. sense_key=time%1:03:00:: - "the continuum of experience..." - This is the abstract concept of time itself. Not the specific duration.

 6. sense_key=time%1:11:01:: - "a person's experience on a particular occasion" - Examples suggest an experience/event (like "having a good time"). Not relevant.

 7. sense_key=time%1:28:03:: - "a reading of a point in time as given by a clock" - Specific clock time (10 o'clock). Not relevant.

 8. sense_key=time%1:28:04:: - "the fourth coordinate..." - Physics concept. Not relevant.

 9. sense_key=time%1:07:01:: - "rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration" - Musical meter. Not relevant.

 10. sense_key=time%1:28:01:: - "the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned" - Specific to prison sentences. Not relevant.

 The best fit appears to be sense 3: "an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)" - specifically "survival time" is a period marked by the attribute of survival.

 Wait, let me reconsider sense 2: "a period of time considered as a resource..." - Is survival time a resource? Not really. It's an outcome measure, a duration.

 Sense 3 examples: "he waited a long time" - this is a duration. "the time of year for planting" - this is a period characterized by something.

 "Survival time" in medical contexts refers to the length of time patients survive - it's a duration/period.

 Sense 3 (time%1:28:00::) is the hypernym for various types of time periods. In WordNet, this is often the general "period of time" sense.

 Let me check the WordNet structure mentally:
 - time%1:28:00:: is usually the general sense of "a period of time" or "an indefinite period"
 - The gloss says: "an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)"

 Yes, "survival time" fits here - it's an indefinite period (could be short or long) marked by the specific attribute of survival (or being alive).

 Sense 1 is about instances/occasions.
 Sense 3 is about durations.

 The context mentions "how long the patients survived" and "survived for an average of 12.1 months" - this confirms we're talking about duration.

 Therefore, sense 3 is the correct choice.

 Wait, I should double-check if there's any other sense that might fit better.

 Sense 10 is specifically about prison terms, so that's too specific.

 Sense 2 is about time as a resource to accomplish something.

 Sense 3 is the general "period of time" sense.

 In the sentence "survival time", "time" means the duration of survival. This maps to sense 3.

 Actually, looking at WordNet more carefully:
 - sense 3 (time%1:28:00::) corresponds to the noun "time" meaning a period or duration.
 - The examples "he waited a long time" clearly indicate duration.

 Yes, this is the correct sense.

 The answer should be: {"sense_index": 3}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: patients
Context:
The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of <t>patients</t> with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "patients" in the given context.

 Target lemma: patient
 Target surface form: patients
 Context: Medical/clinical trial text about Alimta (a drug) and its effects on people with cancer.

 Candidate senses:
 1. patient%1:18:00:: - "a person who requires medical care" (noun, person)
 2. patient%1:10:00:: - "the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause" (linguistic/grammatical term)

 Analysis:
 - The context is clearly about medical studies involving people receiving treatment for cancer (non-small cell lung cancer, malignant pleural mesothelioma).
 - The text mentions "571 patients", "1,725 patients", "patients survived", "patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma", "Patients receiving Alimta".
 - These are clearly human beings receiving medical treatment.
 - Sense 1 refers to a person requiring medical care, which fits perfectly.
 - Sense 2 refers to a semantic role in linguistics (like "the patient" in grammar, meaning the object of an action), which is completely unrelated to this medical context.

 Therefore, the correct sense is sense 1 (patient%1:18:00::).

 The user wants the output as a JSON object: {"sense_index": 1}

 Wait, looking at the instructions: "Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}."

 So I should return {"sense_index": 1} since sense 1 is the correct one.

 Let me double-check the sense keys:
 - patient%1:18:00:: is the first one listed (index 1)
 - patient%1:10:00:: is the second one listed (index 2)

 So the answer should be {"sense_index": 1}.

 The context clearly describes people in medical studies receiving chemotherapy and other treatments. This is the standard meaning of "patient" as a sick person under medical care.

 Sense 2 is a technical linguistic term (thematic role), which would appear in contexts like "In the sentence 'John hit the ball', the ball is the patient" - clearly not this context.

 Therefore, sense_index: 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: Patients
Context:
For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. <t>Patients</t> receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "patient" (surface form "Patients") in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
- The text is about medical studies involving treatments for cancer (non-small cell lung cancer, malignant pleural mesothelioma)
- It mentions "571 patients", "1,725 patients", "patients survived", "Patients receiving Alimta"
- This is clearly a medical context discussing people receiving medical treatment

Now looking at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Analysis:
- Sense 1 refers to a person receiving medical care (the common medical meaning)
- Sense 2 refers to a grammatical/semantic role in linguistics (the patient as opposed to agent in a sentence)

In the context provided:
- "Patients" refers to people participating in clinical trials for cancer treatment
- They are receiving medical care (Alimta, cisplatin, etc.)
- They are described as surviving, receiving treatment, having disease
- This clearly matches sense 1: "a person who requires medical care"

Sense 2 would be a linguistic term used when discussing grammar/syntax, not when discussing medical trials. The context is about medical treatment, not linguistic analysis.

Therefore, the correct sense is index 1.

The user wants the output as JSON: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: survive
Target surface form: survived
Context:
For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin <t>survived</t> for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=survive%2:42:01:: | definition=continue to live through hardship or adversity | synonyms=last, live, live on, go, endure, hold up | examples=We went without water and food for 3 days; These superstitions survive in the backwaters of America
2. sense_key=survive%2:42:02:: | definition=continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.) | synonyms=pull through, pull round, come through, make it | examples=He survived the cancer against all odds
3. sense_key=survive%2:42:00:: | definition=support oneself | synonyms=exist, live, subsist | examples=he could barely exist on such a low wage; Can you live on $2000 a month in New York City?
4. sense_key=survive%2:42:03:: | definition=live longer than | synonyms=outlive, outlast | examples=She outlived her husband by many years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "survived" in the given context. Let me analyze the context and the candidate senses.

Context analysis:
The text is about clinical studies for cancer treatment (Alimta for lung cancer and mesothelioma). The specific sentence is: "Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin <t>survived</t> for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone."

This is talking about how long patients lived/continued to live after treatment. It's about duration of life following a medical intervention for cancer.

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=survive%2:42:01:: | definition=continue to live through hardship or adversity | synonyms=last, live, live on, go, endure, hold up | examples=We went without water and food for 3 days; These superstitions survive in the backwaters of America

2. sense_key=survive%2:42:02:: | definition=continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.) | synonyms=pull through, pull round, come through, make it | examples=He survived the cancer against all odds

3. sense_key=survive%2:42:00:: | definition=support oneself | synonyms=exist, live, subsist | examples=he could barely exist on such a low wage; Can you live on $2000 a month in New York City?

4. sense_key=survive%2:42:03:: | definition=live longer than | synonyms=outlive, outlast | examples=She outlived her husband by many years

Analyzing the usage in context:
- The patients "survived for an average of 12.1 months" - this indicates duration of continued living
- It's about living through a medical condition (cancer)
- The context mentions "how long the patients survived" earlier
- This is about continuing to live despite having cancer (adversity/hardship)

Comparing sense 1 and sense 2:
Sense 1: "continue to live through hardship or adversity" - focuses on enduring through a difficult period
Sense 2: "continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.)" - focuses on making it through a specific adverse event

In the context of cancer studies, when we say "patients survived for X months," we mean they continued to live for that period of time despite having cancer (the hardship/adversity).

Sense 2 seems to focus more on surviving a specific event (like "He survived the cancer"), whereas sense 1 focuses on continuing to live through a period of hardship.

However, looking at the examples:
Sense 1 examples: "We went without water and food for 3 days" (duration), "These superstitions survive in the backwaters of America"
Sense 2 examples: "He survived the cancer against all odds"

The phrase "survived for an average of 12.1 months" indicates duration of living, which aligns with sense 1 (continue to live...). The phrase "survive" in medical contexts referring to survival time usually maps to sense 1.

But wait, let me look more carefully. The definition for sense 2 is "continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.)" - this could apply to continuing to live after diagnosis/treatment.

Actually, looking at WordNet structure:
- survive%2:42:01:: is usually the sense for "continue to live" or "remain alive"
- survive%2:42:02:: is usually "survive a hardship" - transitive or intransitive with specific adversity object

In the sentence: "Patients... survived for an average of 12.1 months" - this is intransitive with a duration phrase.

Sense 1 synonyms: last, live, live on, go, endure, hold up
Sense 2 synonyms: pull through, pull round, come through, make it

"Survived for 12.1 months" fits better with sense 1 (continue to live, last, endure) rather than sense 2 (pull through, make it - which implies surviving a specific crisis).

Also, sense 1's example "We went without water and food for 3 days" parallels the structure "survived for [duration]".

Sense 4 is about outliving someone else, which doesn't fit here (no comparison of one patient outliving another, just duration of survival).

Sense 3 is about supporting oneself financially, which is clearly wrong.

So it's between sense 1 and sense 2.

The key is that the context emphasizes "how long the patients survived" - this is about duration of continued living despite disease. This is sense 1.

In medical literature, "survival time" refers to how long someone continues to live after diagnosis or treatment, which is sense 1 (continue to live through hardship).

Sense 2 would be more like "He survived the surgery" or "He survived the heart attack" - getting through a specific event.

Therefore, sense 1 (index 1) is the best choice.

Wait, I need to check the sense indices. The user lists them as:
1. sense_key=survive%2:42:01::
2. sense_key=survive%2:42:02::
3. sense_key=survive%2:42:00::
4. sense_key=survive%2:42:03::

So the indices correspond to:
- Index 1: survive%2:42:01::
- Index 2: survive%2:42:02::
- Index 3: survive%2:42:00::
- Index 4: survive%2:42:03::

I need to return {"sense_index": 1} if I choose the first one.

Let me double-check by looking at the actual WordNet senses to make sure I'm interpreting correctly.

In WordNet:
- survive.v.01 (survive%2:42:00::): support oneself - "he could barely exist on such a low wage"
- survive.v.02 (survive%2:42:01::): continue to live through hardship or adversity - "We went without water and food for 3 days"
- survive.v.03 (survive%2:42:02::): continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.) - "He survived the cancer against all odds"
- survive.v.04 (survive%2:42:03::): live longer than - "She outlived her husband"

So:
- Index 1 in the list = survive.v.02 (continue to live through hardship)
- Index 2 in the list = survive.v.03 (continue in existence after adversity)
- Index 3 in the list = survive.v.01 (support oneself)
- Index 4 in the list = survive.v.04 (live longer than)

Given the context "survived for an average of 12.1 months", this is about continuing to live for a duration of time while having cancer. This matches survive.v.02 (index 1) - continue to live through hardship or adversity.

The phrase "survived for X months" is about enduring/lasting for a period of time, which aligns with sense 1 (synonyms: last, live, live on, go, endure, hold up).

Sense 2 (pull through, come through) would typically be used without a duration phrase indicating how long they survived, or would refer to surviving a specific treatment or crisis.

Therefore, the answer should be index 1.