[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: building
Target surface form: building
Context:
11:59 p.m. JKD: I was in my favorite watering hole, waiting for the game to start. I felt the temblor begin and glanced at the table next to mine, smiled that guilty smile and we both mouthed the words, "Earth-quake! "together. That's usually how long it takes for the temblors to pass. This time, it just got stronger and then the <t>building</t> started shaking violently up and down as though it were a child's toy block that was being tossed. 12:06 a.m.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=building%1:06:00:: | definition=a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place | synonyms=edifice | examples=there was a three-story building on the corner; it was an imposing edifice
2. sense_key=building%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of constructing something | synonyms=construction | examples=during the construction we had to take a detour; his hobby was the building of boats
3. sense_key=building%1:04:01:: | definition=the commercial activity involved in repairing old structures or constructing new ones | synonyms=construction | examples=their main business is home construction; workers in the building trades
4. sense_key=building%1:14:00:: | definition=the occupants of a building | examples=the entire building complained about the noise

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) on the word "building" in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
- The speaker is in a watering hole (bar/pub) waiting for a game
- There's an earthquake (temblor)
- The building started shaking violently up and down
- The comparison is "as though it were a child's toy block that was being tossed"

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=building%1:06:00:: | definition=a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place | synonyms=edifice | examples=there was a three-story building on the corner; it was an imposing edifice
   - This refers to the physical structure itself. In the context, "the building started shaking" refers to the physical structure being shaken by the earthquake. This fits.

2. sense_key=building%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of constructing something | synonyms=construction | examples=during the construction we had to take a detour; his hobby was the building of boats
   - This is about the activity/process of building. The context is about a physical structure shaking, not the act of construction. Doesn't fit.

3. sense_key=building%1:04:01:: | definition=the commercial activity involved in repairing old structures or constructing new ones | synonyms=construction | examples=their main business is home construction; workers in the building trades
   - This is about the industry/business. The context is about a specific structure shaking during an earthquake. Doesn't fit.

4. sense_key=building%1:14:00:: | definition=the occupants of a building | examples=the entire building complained about the noise
   - This is a metonymy for the people inside. But in the context "the building started shaking violently up and down", it's clearly the physical structure shaking, not the occupants. The simile "as though it were a child's toy block" confirms it's referring to the physical object.

Therefore, sense 1 is the correct choice. The word refers to the physical edifice/structure that is shaking during the earthquake.

The index is 1.

I need to return: {"sense_index": 1


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: start
Target surface form: started
Context:
11:59 p.m. JKD: I was in my favorite watering hole, waiting for the game to start. I felt the temblor begin and glanced at the table next to mine, smiled that guilty smile and we both mouthed the words, "Earth-quake! "together. That's usually how long it takes for the temblors to pass. This time, it just got stronger and then the building <t>started</t> shaking violently up and down as though it were a child's toy block that was being tossed. 12:06 a.m.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=start%2:30:00:: | definition=take the first step or steps in carrying out an action | synonyms=get down, begin, get, start out, set about, set out | examples=We began working at dawn; Who will start?
2. sense_key=start%2:30:01:: | definition=set in motion, cause to start | synonyms=begin, lead off, commence | examples=The U.S. started a war in the Middle East; The Iraqis began hostilities
3. sense_key=start%2:38:02:: | definition=leave | synonyms=depart, part, start out, set forth, set off, set out | examples=The family took off for Florida
4. sense_key=start%2:42:00:: | definition=have a beginning, in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense | synonyms=begin | examples=The DMZ begins right over the hill; The second movement begins after the Allegro
5. sense_key=start%2:36:00:: | definition=bring into being | synonyms=originate, initiate | examples=He initiated a new program; Start a foundation
6. sense_key=start%2:36:01:: | definition=get off the ground | synonyms=start up, embark on, commence | examples=Who started this company?; We embarked on an exciting enterprise
7. sense_key=start%2:38:04:: | definition=move or jump suddenly, as if in surprise or alarm | synonyms=startle, jump | examples=She startled when I walked into the room
8. sense_key=start%2:38:01:: | definition=get going or set in motion | synonyms=start up | examples=We simply could not start the engine; start up the computer
9. sense_key=start%2:38:00:: | definition=begin or set in motion | synonyms=go, get going | examples=I start at eight in the morning; Ready, set, go!
10. sense_key=start%2:41:00:: | definition=begin work or acting in a certain capacity, office or job | synonyms=take up | examples=Take up a position; start a new job
11. sense_key=start%2:33:00:: | definition=play in the starting lineup
12. sense_key=start%2:42:03:: | definition=have a beginning characterized in some specified way | synonyms=begin | examples=The novel begins with a murder; My property begins with the three maple trees
13. sense_key=start%2:41:04:: | definition=begin an event that is implied and limited by the nature or inherent function of the direct object | synonyms=begin | examples=begin a cigar; She started the soup while it was still hot
14. sense_key=start%2:38:03:: | definition=bulge outward | synonyms=protrude, pop, pop out, bulge, bulge out, bug out | examples=His eyes popped

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "started" in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
- "the building <t>started</t> shaking violently up and down"
- The building began to shake.
- This is about the building beginning an action (shaking).

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. start%2:30:00:: - take the first step or steps in carrying out an action (get down, begin, get, start out, set about, set out). Examples: "We began working at dawn". This is about people starting actions. The building is not an agent taking steps.

2. start%2:30:01:: - set in motion, cause to start (begin, lead off, commence). Examples: "The U.S. started a war". This is transitive causative. Here "started" is used intransitively with "shaking" as a complement, not a direct object being caused.

3. start%2:38:02:: - leave (depart, part, start out). Not relevant.

4. start%2:42:00:: - have a beginning, in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense (begin). Examples: "The DMZ begins right over the hill; The second movement begins after the Allegro". This is intransitive, about something beginning. "The building started shaking" - the building began to shake. But wait, this sense is about having a beginning in a temporal/spatial/evaluative sense, typically used for things like "The movie starts at 8", "The road begins here".

5. start%2:36:00:: - bring into being (originate, initiate). Transitive. "He initiated a new program". Not quite.

6. start%2:36:01:: - get off the ground (start up, embark on, commence). "Who started this company?" Not relevant.

7. start%2:38:04:: - move or jump suddenly, as if in surprise or alarm (startle, jump). "She startled when I walked into the room". This is about a sudden involuntary movement. The building started shaking violently... could this be it? No, "startle" is different - it's about being startled. The building isn't startled.

8. start%2:38:01:: - get going or set in motion (start up). Examples: "We simply could not start the engine; start up the computer". This is transitive or about machines starting. "Start the engine". But here it's "started shaking", not "started [object]".

9. start%2:38:00:: - begin or set in motion (go, get going). Examples: "I start at eight in the morning; Ready, set, go!". This seems to fit intransitive uses of beginning motion or activity. "The building started shaking" - the building began to shake/move.

10. start%2:41:00:: - begin work or acting in a certain capacity. Not relevant.

11. start%2:33:00:: - play in the starting lineup. Not relevant.

12. start%2:42:03:: - have a beginning characterized in some specified way (begin). Examples: "The novel begins with a murder". This is about how something begins. "The building started shaking" - the building's beginning was characterized by shaking? Hmm.

13. start%2:41:04:: - begin an event that is implied and limited by the nature or inherent function of the direct object (begin). Examples: "begin a cigar; She started the soup while it was still hot". This is transitive: start the soup = begin cooking/eating the soup. But our target is intransitive with a gerund/infinitive complement.

14. start%2:38:03:: - bulge outward. Not relevant.

Now, the tricky part is distinguishing between sense 1, 4, 9, and 12 for intransitive "start" meaning "begin".

Sense 1 (2:30:00): "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action" - this is for animate agents typically. "We began working". The building is inanimate.

Sense 4 (2:42:00): "have a beginning, in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense" - "The DMZ begins right over the hill". This is about the boundary/location or time. "The movie starts at 8".

Sense 9 (2:38:00): "begin or set in motion" - "I start at eight in the morning; Ready, set, go!". This seems to be about activities or motion beginning. The examples suggest a focus on getting going/moving.

Sense 12 (2:42:03): "have a beginning characterized in some specified way" - "The novel begins with a murder". This requires specifying how it begins. "The building started shaking violently" - shaking violently characterizes the beginning? Actually, "started shaking" uses a complement. But sense 12 examples show "begins with X".

Wait, let me reconsider the syntax. "The building started shaking violently up and down". This is an inchoative construction where "start" is a verb of beginning taking a gerund/infinitive complement.

In WordNet, sense 1 (start%2:30:00) is often the general "begin" sense for activities: "begin, get, start out, set about". Example: "Who will start?" "We began working at dawn". This can take a gerund complement.

But is the building an agent "taking the first step"? The building is inanimate. However, in English, we can anthropomorphize buildings.

Let me look more carefully at the senses and their frames.

Sense 1: start%2:30:00 - verb.creation? No, 2:30 is verb.change? Actually WordNet lexicographer files: 2:30 is verb.change? Let me recall: WordNet verb lexicographer files are numbered:
- 2:29: verb.perception
- 2:30: verb.change? Actually no, the second number is the lexicographer file number.
- 2:30 is verb.change? Wait, I need to be careful. The format is POS:lexicographer_file:sense_number.
- 2:30:00 - I think 30 is the file number. Actually standard WordNet verb files include:
  - 29: verb.perception
  - 30: verb.change? Or verb.contact?

Actually, looking at the definitions:
- start%2:30:00:: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action" - this sounds like verb.social or verb.cognition? But the examples "We began working at dawn" suggest it's a general activity verb.
- start%2:38:00:: "begin or set in motion" - 2:38 is verb.motion. Examples: "I start at eight", "Ready, set, go!"

Wait, 2:38 is definitely verb.motion. So sense 9 is in the motion file. The building started shaking violently up and down - this is definitely motion.

Sense 4: start%2:42:00:: "have a beginning..." - 2:42 is verb.stative? Or verb.change? Actually 2:42 might be verb.stative. "The DMZ begins right over the hill" - stative.

Sense 12: start%2:42:03:: also in 2:42.

So for "the building started shaking violently up and down as though it were a child's toy block that was being tossed", this is clearly about physical motion. The building began to move/shake.

Sense 9 (2:38:00): "begin or set in motion" with synonyms "go, get going". Examples: "I start at eight in the morning; Ready, set, go!". This seems to fit physical motion or activity starting.

Sense 8 (2:38:01): "get going or set in motion" - "start the engine", "start up the computer". This is transitive.

Sense 7 (2:38:04): "move or jump suddenly" - "startle". Not this.

Sense 2 (2:30:01): "set in motion, cause to start" - transitive causative.

So the main contenders are:
- Sense 1 (2:30:00): general "begin" (activity)
- Sense 9 (2:38:00): begin motion/activity (verb.motion)
- Sense 4 (2:42:00): have a beginning (stative)

Given the context emphasizes violent physical movement "shaking violently up and down", and the frame is intransitive with the subject being the thing that begins to move, sense 9 (2:38:00) seems most appropriate because it's in the motion class. However, sense 1 is also very general for "begin an action".

But wait, "start" in "start working" (sense 1) vs "start moving" (sense 9). The complement is "shaking", which is a motion verb. The subject is "the building". The building is beginning to undergo motion.

Actually, looking at WordNet's actual sense distinctions for "start":
- Sense 1 (begin, commence, set out, etc.) is usually the first sense - "take the first step"
- Sense 9 (go, get going) - "begin or set in motion"

In many WSD datasets, "The car started" maps to sense 8 or 9 (engine/mechanical). "He started to run" might map to sense 1 or 9.

Let me reconsider sense 4: "have a beginning, in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense". This is for things like "The meeting starts at 9", "The road begins here". It's stative. But "started shaking" is an event, not a stative temporal beginning.

Sense 12: "have a beginning characterized in some specified way". Example: "The novel begins with a murder". This could fit "The building started shaking" (began in a characterized way). But the complement here is an event, not a characterization of the beginning itself.

Sense 1: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action". The building is carrying out the action of shaking? It's a bit anthropomorphic, but possible.

However, I should look at whether there's a sense specifically for inchoative "start" with complement. In WordNet, "begin" and "start" are often organized such that the inchoative of motion is sense 9.

Let me check the exact examples and synonyms again:
- Sense 9: synonyms=go, get going. examples="I start at eight in the morning; Ready, set, go!" - This seems focused on the beginning of motion or action in general.
- Sense 1: synonyms=get down, begin, get, start out, set about, set out. examples="We began working at dawn; Who will start?" - This is about initiating an activity.

"The building started shaking" - is the building initiating an activity or beginning to move? Both could work. But given the violent physical motion described, and the fact that buildings don't "carry out actions" in the agentive sense, sense 9 might be better.

Wait, actually, looking at the sentence: "the building started shaking violently up and down". This is similar to "the engine started running" or "the car started moving". In WordNet, mechanical things starting to operate often fall under sense 8 (transitive: start the engine) or sense 9 (intransitive: the engine started). But sense 9 examples don't include machinery.

Let me think about how WordNet actually distinguishes these. Often these fine-grained senses are very difficult and somewhat arbitrary. But I need to choose the best fit.

Another angle: "start" in "start shaking" could be a catenative verb (begin/start + to/-ing). In WordNet, this is likely sense 1 or sense 4 or 12. But sense 1 examples include "We began working at dawn" which is exactly the catenative construction with a gerund! "We began working" parallels "the building started shaking".

Sense 1: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action" - Example: "We began working at dawn". This is a perfect match for the syntactic construction [subject] [start/begin] [V-ing].

Sense 9: "begin or set in motion" - Examples: "I start at eight in the morning" (intransitive, no complement), "Ready, set, go!" (imperative). No examples with gerund complements.

Sense 4: "have a beginning..." - Examples show spatial/temporal boundaries, no gerund complements.

Sense 12: "have a beginning characterized..." - Examples: "The novel begins with a murder". Different construction.

Therefore, sense 1 is the best match because it is the sense used with activity complements (gerunds/infinitives) where an entity begins an action. Even though the building is inanimate, in this narrative context it's described as beginning to shake, which is an activity/motion event. The example "We began working at dawn" shows the exact same syntactic pattern where "begin/start" takes a gerund complement denoting an ongoing activity.

Wait, but is there a difference between "start working" (human agent) and "start shaking" (inanimate object)? In WordNet's hierarchy, sense 1 is defined as "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action". Can a building "take steps"? The definition is schematic. The building is beginning the action/process of shaking.

Actually, looking at the gloss again for sense 1: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action". This implies agency. But the building shaking due to an earthquake is not agentive.

Sense 9: "begin or set in motion". This is more appropriate for non-agentive beginning of motion. "I start at eight" is non-agentive in a way (it's just when the action begins). "Ready, set, go!" is about motion beginning.

But the example for sense 1 "We began working" is agentive. However, "Who will start?" could be non-agentive? No, that's also agentive.

What about sense 4: "have a beginning, in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense"? "The second movement begins after the Allegro". This is about events beginning. "The building started shaking" - the shaking is an event that began. But the syntax is "building started shaking" not "the shaking started".

Hmm. Let me look at sense 2: "set in motion, cause to start". No, transitive.

What about sense 13? "begin an event that is implied and limited by the nature or inherent function of the direct object". That's transitive: "She started the soup". Not our case.

Let me reconsider sense 7: "move or jump suddenly, as if in surprise or alarm". The building started shaking violently... "as though it were a child's toy block that was being tossed". But "start" here doesn't mean "startle"; the building isn't jumping in surprise. It's shaking due to external force.

I think the choice is between 1 and 9.

Let me search my internal knowledge of WordNet sense distinctions for "start". In SemCor and other corpora:
- "start a business" -> sense 6 or 5
- "start the engine" -> sense 8
- "start crying" -> likely sense 1 (begin an activity)
- "the car won't start" -> sense 8? Or sense 9? Actually "the car started" (intransitive, engine turning on) is often sense 8? No, sense 8 is transitive "get going or set in motion". Intransitive "the engine started" might be sense 9 or 1.

Actually, looking at WordNet online or standard mappings:
- "start" v.1: begin, commence, set out, etc. - "The children started to cry" - this is likely v.1.
- "start" v.9: go, get going - "The car started at 5 AM" or "We went into the starting gate... ready, set, go"

But "The building started shaking" is very similar to "The children started to cry". Both are inchoative with a complement. In WordNet, "begin" is the main synonym for sense 1, and the examples include "We began working". I think sense 1 is the correct choice for catenative "start" with a following verb phrase (shaking), as it encompasses beginning an action or activity.

However, I want to double-check if sense 9 could be right. Sense 9 synonyms: go, get going. These are intransitive verbs of motion. "The building started [moving/shaking]" - could fit. But sense 9 examples don't show complement-taking. Sense 1 explicitly shows "began working" which is complement-taking.

Also, the definition of sense 1: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action". The schematic gloss might be agentive, but it's used broadly for any entity beginning an action or process. The earthquake caused the building to begin the process of shaking.

Wait, I should also consider sense 4: "have a beginning, in a temporal... sense". Could "the building started shaking" mean "the building's shaking had a beginning"? No, the syntax makes "start" the main verb.

Let me look at the exact wording: "the building started shaking violently". This is definitely the inchoative aspect. In many lexical resources, "start" + VP is a phrasal or constructional use mapped to the primary "begin" sense.

Given the instruction says "WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense."

Examples for sense 1: "We began working at dawn" -> [Subject] began [V-ing]. This matches "building started shaking".
Examples for sense 9: "I start at eight in the morning" -> [Subject] start [time adverbial]. "Ready, set, go!" -> imperatives.
Examples for sense 4: "The DMZ begins right over the hill" -> [Subject] begins [locative]. "The second movement begins after the Allegro" -> [Subject] begins [temporal].

The syntactic parallel with sense 1's example is very strong: Subject + start/begin + V-ing.

Also, synonyms for sense 1 include "begin", which is exactly the paraphrase: "the building began shaking".

Therefore, sense 1 (start%2:30:00) is the best choice.

Wait, I need to be careful. Is sense 1 index 1? Yes, "sense_key=start%2:30:00::" is listed as candidate 1.

Let me reconsider one more time. Could sense 9 be better because shaking is motion? The definition of sense 9 is "begin or set in motion". The building is beginning to be in motion. But the examples don't show the catenative construction. The schematic gloss "begin or set in motion" might be intended for things like races, journeys, machines starting to operate. But the building isn't a machine being started.

Actually, I recall that in WordNet, "start" sense 9 (2:38:00) is specifically for the intransitive use meaning "to begin to move" or "to begin operation". For example, "The car started" (the engine turned on and began running). But when followed by a gerund like "started shaking", it's usually sense 1.

Let me verify with another example. "It started to rain" - what sense? Probably sense 4 ("have a beginning, in a temporal... sense") or sense 1? "It" is impersonal. "Rain started" - the event began. Actually "It started to rain" might be sense 1 or 4. But "The building started shaking" has an animate-like subject undergoing a change.

I think I'm overthinking. The safest choice is sense 1 because:
1. It has "begin" as a synonym, which directly paraphrases the context.
2. Its example "We began working at dawn" shows the same syntactic frame (start/begin + V-ing).
3. The building is beginning an action/process (shaking).

Sense 9 is too specific to motion without complement, and its examples don't support the gerund frame.

So the answer should be {"sense_index": 1}.

But wait, let me look at sense 12 again: "have a beginning characterized in some specified way". "The building started shaking violently" - could this be characterized as "shaking violently"? The example "The novel begins with a murder" shows a characterization. But "started shaking" isn't characterizing the beginning; it's stating what action began. The complement is the main event, not an adverbial characterization.

Sense 4: "have a beginning..." - the building had a beginning? No, the shaking did, but grammatically the building is the subject.

I'll go with sense 1.

Actually, one last check: the user says "Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense." and "Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}."

So I need to output exactly: {"sense_index": 1}

Wait, I want to reconsider sense 9 vs 1 one more time because WSD for "start" is notoriously tricky.

In the context: "the building started shaking violently up and down as though it were a child's toy block that was being tossed."

The phrase "set in motion" from sense 9 is very relevant: the building was set in motion (by the earthquake) and began shaking. But sense 9 is intransitive: "begin or set in motion". Its examples: "I start at eight in the morning; Ready, set, go!" These are about starting to proceed/move/act.

But sense 1's definition "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action" - buildings don't take steps. However, WordNet glosses are schematic. The instruction explicitly says "WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense."

The examples for sense 1: "We began working at dawn; Who will start?" - both involve animate subjects carrying out actions. The building is inanimate and not carrying out an action but undergoing a process.

The synonyms for sense 1: get down, begin, get, start out, set about, set out. These are agentive.

The synonyms for sense 9: go, get going. These can be non-agentive. "The machine is going" = operating. "Get going" = begin moving/operating.

The examples for sense 9: "I start at eight in the morning" - this is about an activity beginning (work). "Ready, set, go!" - about motion beginning.

Hmm, "I start at eight" is actually about work beginning, not necessarily motion. But it's in the motion file (2:38). Why? Because "start" in "I start at eight" might imply the beginning of a journey or activity? Actually, lexicographer files can be misleading. 2:38 is verb.motion. But "I start at eight" could be considered the start of a work shift, which is an activity.

Wait, I think I should look at the actual WordNet sense keys to be sure. start%2:38:00 is indeed in verb.motion. The gloss "begin or set in motion" with synonyms "go, get going" suggests it's about initiating movement or operation.

But "the building started shaking" is the building beginning to move. That is motion. So sense 9 might actually be perfect.

However, sense 1 (2:30:00) - what file is 2:30? I think 2:30 might be verb.change? Let me recall:
- 00: adj.all
- For verbs:
  - 29: verb.perception
  - 30: verb.cognition? No...

Actually, the WordNet lexicographer file numbers for verbs I recall:
- 35: verb.social
- 36: verb.creation
- 38: verb.motion
- 41: verb.consumption? No...
- 42: verb.stative? Or verb.change?

Wait, looking at the candidate senses:
- 2:30:00 and 2:30:01 - same file, different senses
- 2:38:00, 2:38:01, 2:38:02, 2:38:03, 2:38:04 - verb.motion file (38)
- 2:42:00, 2:42:03 - verb.stative? Or verb.change? (42)
- 2:36:00, 2:36:01 - verb.creation? (36)
- 2:41:00, 2:41:04 - verb.consumption? Or verb.contact? (41)
- 2:33:00 - verb.competition? (33)

Actually, standard WordNet verb lexicographer file numbers:
- 29: verb.perception
- 30: verb.cognition? Or verb.change?
- 31: verb.communication
- 32: verb.competition
- 33: verb.consumption? No, 33 might be verb.contact?
- 34: ?
- 35: verb.creation?
- 36: verb.emotion?
- 37: ?
- 38: verb.motion
- 39: ?
- 40: verb.possession
- 41: verb.social
- 42: verb.stative
- 43: verb.weather

Wait, I think:
- 2:30 is verb.change? Or verb.cognition?
- 2:36 is verb.creation (originate, initiate, start up)
- 2:41 is verb.social or verb.consumption?

Actually, looking at the definitions:
- 2:41: "begin work or acting in a certain capacity" - this sounds like verb.social.
- 2:41:04: "begin an event that is implied..." - also verb.social?
- 2:36: "bring into being", "get off the ground" - verb.creation.

So 2:30: "take the first step..." and "set in motion, cause to start" - these might be in verb.change or verb.social. Given "begin" is the key synonym, it's likely the general change-of-state verb file.

But regardless of the file, the question is which sense index fits best.

Let me think about this differently. If I replace "started" with synonyms from each sense:
- Sense 1 synonyms: "the building began shaking", "the building got going shaking"? No, "got going shaking" is bad. "set about shaking"? No. "get down shaking"? No. But "began shaking" works perfectly.
- Sense 9 synonyms: "the building went shaking"? No. "the building got going shaking"? Awkward. But "the building began shaking" isn't a synonym listed for sense 9 (its synonyms are go, get going).
- Sense 4 synonyms: "the building had a beginning shaking"? No.

Wait, sense 1 lists "begin" as a synonym! That's crucial. "Begin" is the closest paraphrase. The example "We began working" uses "began" exactly as we would use "started" in our sentence.

Sense 9 does NOT list "begin" as a synonym; it lists "go, get going".

Therefore, sense 1 is the much better match because "begin" is a direct synonym and the example shows the exact construction.

I'm now confident: {"sense_index": 1}

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: SiliconFlow

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: shake
Target surface form: shaking
Context:
11:59 p.m. JKD: I was in my favorite watering hole, waiting for the game to start. I felt the temblor begin and glanced at the table next to mine, smiled that guilty smile and we both mouthed the words, "Earth-quake! "together. That's usually how long it takes for the temblors to pass. This time, it just got stronger and then the building started <t>shaking</t> violently up and down as though it were a child's toy block that was being tossed. 12:06 a.m.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=shake%2:38:00:: | definition=move or cause to move back and forth | synonyms=agitate | examples=The chemist shook the flask vigorously; My hands were shaking
2. sense_key=shake%2:29:00:: | definition=move with or as if with a tremor | synonyms=didder | examples=his hands shook
3. sense_key=shake%2:38:01:: | definition=shake or vibrate rapidly and intensively | synonyms=judder | examples=The old engine was juddering
4. sense_key=shake%2:38:02:: | definition=move back and forth or sideways | synonyms=rock, sway | examples=the ship was rocking; the tall building swayed
5. sense_key=shake%2:30:00:: | definition=undermine or cause to waver | examples=my faith has been shaken; The bad news shook her hopes
6. sense_key=shake%2:37:00:: | definition=stir the feelings, emotions, or peace of | synonyms=stimulate, shake up, excite, stir | examples=These stories shook the community; the civil war shook the country
7. sense_key=shake%2:38:04:: | definition=get rid of | synonyms=shake off, throw off, escape from | examples=I couldn't shake the car that was following me
8. sense_key=shake%2:30:01:: | definition=bring to a specified condition by or as if by shaking | examples=He was shaken from his dreams; shake the salt out of the salt shaker
9. sense_key=shake%2:32:00:: | definition=shake (a body part) to communicate a greeting, feeling, or cognitive state | examples=shake one's head; She shook her finger at the naughty students

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "shaking" in the provided context.

 Context analysis:
 - The context describes an earthquake (temblor).
 - "the building started shaking violently up and down as though it were a child's toy block that was being tossed"
 - This describes physical movement of a building during an earthquake - moving back and forth, vibrating, oscillating.

 Candidate sense analysis:
 1. shake%2:38:00:: - move or cause to move back and forth (general back and forth movement)
    - Example: "The chemist shook the flask vigorously; My hands were shaking"
    - This is a general sense of moving back and forth.

 2. shake%2:29:00:: - move with or as if with a tremor
    - Example: "his hands shook"
    - This seems more specific to trembling/shivering, often used for people or body parts.

 3. shake%2:38:01:: - shake or vibrate rapidly and intensively
    - Synonyms: judder
    - Example: "The old engine was juddering"
    - This implies rapid, intensive vibration.

 4. shake%2:38:02:: - move back and forth or sideways
    - Synonyms: rock, sway
    - Examples: "the ship was rocking; the tall building swayed"
    - This describes oscillating movement like rocking or swaying.

 5. shake%2:30:00:: - undermine or cause to waver (figurative)
    - Examples about faith, hopes
    - Not physical movement.

 6. shake%2:37:00:: - stir the feelings (emotional)
    - Not physical movement.

 7. shake%2:38:04:: - get rid of
    - Different meaning entirely.

 8. shake%2:30:01:: - bring to a specified condition by shaking
    - Example: "shake the salt out"
    - Not quite right.

 9. shake%2:32:00:: - shake a body part (head, finger)
    - Specific to body parts.

 Looking at the context: "the building started shaking violently up and down as though it were a child's toy block that was being tossed"

 The building is moving back and forth (or up and down) violently. This is describing physical oscillation.

 Sense 4 (shake%2:38:02::) has synonyms "rock, sway" and examples "the ship was rocking; the tall building swayed". This matches perfectly - buildings swaying/rocking during earthquakes.

 However, sense 1 is also possible: "move or cause to move back and forth"

 And sense 3: "shake or vibrate rapidly and intensively" - earthquakes do involve rapid intensive vibration.

 But sense 4 specifically mentions buildings swaying/rocking, and the context mentions a building moving "up and down" (though earthquakes usually involve lateral motion, the description emphasizes the oscillating nature).

 Let me compare sense 1 and 4 more carefully:

 Sense 1: "move or cause to move back and forth" - very general, covers manual shaking (chemist shaking flask) and involuntary shaking (hands shaking).

 Sense 4: "move back and forth or sideways" - synonyms: rock, sway. Examples: ship rocking, tall building swayed.

 The context describes a building during an earthquake moving "violently up and down" like a toy block being tossed. This is clearly the sense of swaying/rocking motion.

 Actually, looking at the examples for sense 1 vs sense 4:
 - Sense 1: "The chemist shook the flask vigorously; My hands were shaking"
 - Sense 4: "the ship was rocking; the tall building swayed"

 The building in the context is definitely closest to sense 4 - it's about large structures moving/oscillating, not about someone manually shaking something or body parts trembling.

 But wait, the user asks for the "best indexed sense". Index 4 is sense_key=shake%2:38:02::.

 Let me double-check if there's any other distinction. Sense 3 (judder) is about engines vibrating. Sense 2 is about tremors (usually people).

 The violent up and down movement of a building during an earthquake is best described by sense 4 (rock/sway) or possibly sense 1 (general back and forth).

 But sense 4 specifically uses "tall building" in the example with "swayed", and mentions "move back and forth or sideways", which fits the earthquake context where buildings sway.

 Also, note that "shaking" in the target is used intransitively (the building started shaking), which fits sense 4 (the ship was rocking; the tall building swayed - both intransitive).

 Sense 1 examples include "My hands were shaking" (intransitive) and "The chemist shook the flask" (transitive), so it's also compatible.

 However, the specificity of sense 4 regarding the type of movement (rocking/swaying motion of large objects like ships and buildings) makes it the best fit for a building during an earthquake.

 Actually, looking at WordNet hierarchies:
 - Sense 1 (shake%2:38:00::) is often the general sense.
 - Sense 4 (shake%2:38:02::) specifically groups with "rock" and "sway".

 In WSD tasks for earthquake contexts, "shake" usually maps to the physical movement sense. Between 1 and 4, sense 4 is more specific to the oscillating motion of structures, while sense 1 is more general.

 But I need to check if sense 4 is actually distinct from sense 1 in WordNet. Sense 4 is "move back and forth or sideways" - this is very close to sense 1 "move or cause to move back and forth".

 The key distinction might be that sense 4 implies a swaying/rocking motion (like a ship or building), while sense 1 is more general.

 Given the explicit mention of "the tall building swayed" as an example for sense 4, and the context being about a building moving during an earthquake, sense 4 is clearly the best match.

 Wait, I should verify the sense indices. The user lists:
 1. sense_key=shake%2:38:00::
 2. sense_key=shake%2:29:00::
 3. sense_key=shake%2:38:01::
 4. sense_key=shake%2:38:02::
 5. sense_key=shake%2:30:00::
 6. sense_key=shake%2:37:00::
 7. sense_key=shake%2:38:04::
 8. sense_key=shake%2:30:01::
 9. sense_key=shake%2:32:00::

 So index 4 corresponds to shake%2:38:02::.

 One more check: could it be sense 3 (judder)? "shake or vibrate rapidly and intensively" - engines juddering. Buildings in earthquakes do vibrate rapidly and intensively. But "judder" is more specific to mechanical vibration (engines), and the example doesn't fit a building as well as the swaying/rocking examples of sense 4.

 Also, the simile "as though it were a child's toy block that was being tossed" suggests a rocking/tossing motion rather than just vibration.

 Therefore, sense 4 is the correct choice.

 Final check: The output should be JSON: {"sense_index": 4}

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: child
Target surface form: child
Context:
11:59 p.m. JKD: I was in my favorite watering hole, waiting for the game to start. I felt the temblor begin and glanced at the table next to mine, smiled that guilty smile and we both mouthed the words, "Earth-quake! "together. That's usually how long it takes for the temblors to pass. This time, it just got stronger and then the building started shaking violently up and down as though it were a <t>child</t>'s toy block that was being tossed. 12:06 a.m.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=child%1:18:00:: | definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
2. sense_key=child%1:18:01:: | definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=kid | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
3. sense_key=child%1:18:06:: | definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=baby | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
4. sense_key=child%1:18:07:: | definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the word "child" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The sentence describes a building shaking violently during an earthquake
 - The comparison is: "the building started shaking violently up and down as though it were a child's toy block that was being tossed"
 - Here, "child" is modifying "toy block" - it's a child's toy block (a toy block belonging to or associated with a child)
 - The image is of a small toy block that a child might play with, being tossed around

 Candidate sense analysis:

 1. sense_key=child%1:18:00:: | definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
    - This is the general sense of a young human being
    - "Child's toy" typically refers to toys used by or associated with young people
    - This fits the context of a toy block belonging to a young person

 2. sense_key=child%1:18:01:: | definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=kid | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
    - This emphasizes the parent-child relationship (offspring)
    - While possible, "child's toy" doesn't specifically emphasize the offspring relationship, but rather the age/developmental stage
    - However, this sense can include adult children ("of any age"), which doesn't fit well with "toy block" (adults don't typically play with toy blocks as children do)

 3. sense_key=child%1:18:06:: | definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=baby | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
    - This is a metaphorical sense about immaturity
    - Doesn't fit the physical toy block context

 4. sense_key=child%1:18:07:: | definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel
    - This is a collective/biblical sense
    - Doesn't fit the toy context

 Comparison between sense 1 and sense 2:
 - Sense 1: "a young person of either sex" - emphasizes youth/young age
 - Sense 2: "a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age" - emphasizes filial relationship, includes adults

 In the phrase "child's toy block", we are referring to a toy appropriate for or used by a young person, not specifically emphasizing parent-offspring relationship. A "child's toy" is a toy for a young person (minor).

 Sense 1 (child%1:18:00::) is the most appropriate because:
 1. It refers to a young person (minor/youngster)
 2. Toy blocks are associated with young children (kids), not specifically emphasizing the offspring relationship
 3. The synonyms include "kid, youngster, minor, small fry" which align with the idea of a young person playing with toy blocks
 4. Sense 2 includes "of any age" which would encompass adults, but adults don't typically play with toy blocks in the way described (being tossed)

 Therefore, sense 1 is the best choice.

 Wait, let me reconsider. WordNet sense 1 is typically the most common/general sense. In "child's toy", we're talking about possession/association. Both senses 1 and 2 could theoretically work, but sense 1 emphasizes the "young person" aspect while sense 2 emphasizes the "offspring" aspect.

 Looking at the examples:
 - Sense 1: "she writes books for children; they're just kids" - refers to young people in general
 - Sense 2: "they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college" - refers to offspring (and note "kids to college" implies they could be adults)

 "Child's toy" almost certainly refers to toys for young people/minors, not toys belonging to offspring of any age. You wouldn't call a toy owned by a 30-year-old a "child's toy" typically, unless referring to their childhood.

 Actually, looking more carefully at WordNet's child senses:
 - Sense 1 (child%1:18:00): "a young person of either sex" - this is the young human sense
 - Sense 2 (child%1:18:01): "a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age" - this is the offspring sense

 In the context "child's toy block", the relevant meaning is "toy block of a child" where child means young person. This is sense 1.

 The metaphor is comparing the building being shaken to a toy block being tossed by a child. The toy block belongs to/is associated with a young person (child in the sense of youngster).

 Therefore, the answer should be sense index 1.

 Wait, I need to be careful about the format. The user wants {"sense_index": 3} format. So I should return {"sense_index": 1}.

 Let me double-check if there's any ambiguity with "child" as in "child-like" or immature (sense 3)? No, "child's toy block" clearly means the toy belongs to a child (young person).

 Is there any interpretation where this could be sense 2? "Offspring's toy"? That's possible but less likely than the general "young person's toy". The phrase "child's toy" is a collocation meaning "toy intended for children" (young people), not specifically emphasizing the parental relationship.

 Therefore, sense 1 is correct.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: toy
Target surface form: toy
Context:
11:59 p.m. JKD: I was in my favorite watering hole, waiting for the game to start. I felt the temblor begin and glanced at the table next to mine, smiled that guilty smile and we both mouthed the words, "Earth-quake! "together. That's usually how long it takes for the temblors to pass. This time, it just got stronger and then the building started shaking violently up and down as though it were a child's <t>toy</t> block that was being tossed. 12:06 a.m.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=toy%1:06:00:: | definition=an artifact designed to be played with | synonyms=plaything
2. sense_key=toy%1:06:02:: | definition=a nonfunctional replica of something else (frequently used as a modifier) | examples=a toy stove
3. sense_key=toy%1:06:03:: | definition=a device regarded as providing amusement | examples=private airplanes are a rich man's toy
4. sense_key=toy%1:06:01:: | definition=a copy that reproduces a person or thing in greatly reduced size | synonyms=miniature
5. sense_key=toy%1:05:00:: | definition=any of several breeds of very small dogs kept purely as pets | synonyms=toy dog

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "toy" in the given context.

Context analysis:
- The sentence describes a building shaking violently up and down during an earthquake
- The comparison is: "the building started shaking violently up and down as though it were a child's <t>toy</t> block that was being tossed"
- So the building is being compared to a child's toy block (like a building block, wooden block, etc.)
- This is a simile comparing the building to a toy block being tossed around

Candidate senses analysis:
1. sense_key=toy%1:06:00:: | definition=an artifact designed to be played with | synonyms=plaything
   - This is the general sense of a toy as something to play with. A toy block fits here.

2. sense_key=toy%1:06:02:: | definition=a nonfunctional replica of something else (frequently used as a modifier) | examples=a toy stove
   - This refers to replicas that don't work, like toy guns, toy stoves. A toy block isn't necessarily a replica of something else in the nonfunctional sense - it's a plaything in its own right.

3. sense_key=toy%1:06:03:: | definition=a device regarded as providing amusement | examples=private airplanes are a rich man's toy
   - This is the "luxury item" sense, like a toy for adults. Not applicable here.

4. sense_key=toy%1:06:01:: | definition=a copy that reproduces a person or thing in greatly reduced size | synonyms=miniature
   - This is the miniature sense. A toy block isn't necessarily a miniature copy of a real block - it IS the real thing in the context of toys. Though building blocks could be seen as miniature buildings, the phrase "toy block" here seems to refer to a block that is a toy (like a wooden building block), not a miniature replica of a block.

5. sense_key=toy%1:05:00:: | definition=any of several breeds of very small dogs kept purely as pets | synonyms=toy dog
   - This is about dogs, clearly not applicable.

Between sense 1 and sense 4:
- Sense 1: "an artifact designed to be played with" - This fits a toy block perfectly. It's an artifact (object) designed for children to play with.
- Sense 4: "a copy that reproduces a person or thing in greatly reduced size" - This would be like a toy car, toy soldier, miniature model.

A "toy block" is typically a block (like a wooden cube) that is itself a plaything, not a miniature replica of a larger block. However, in the context of the simile "as though it were a child's toy block", the building is being compared to a block that is a toy.

Actually, looking more carefully: "toy block" could be interpreted as:
1. A block that is a toy (sense 1)
2. A miniature block (sense 4)

But typically, WordNet sense 4 (miniature) is for things like "toy car" where it's a miniature version of a real car. A "toy block" is usually just a block meant for playing (like alphabet blocks, wooden blocks), not a miniature version of a real building block (since there is no "real" building block that it's miniaturizing - or rather, the block itself is the toy).

However, looking at the specific context: "as though it were a child's toy block that was being tossed." This evokes the image of a small wooden block being shaken or tossed by a child. The building is being compared to something small and light that can be easily tossed around.

Sense 1 seems most appropriate: "an artifact designed to be played with" - this is the general hypernym for toy. A toy block is an artifact designed to be played with.

Sense 4 is specifically about miniatures/replicas in reduced size. While a toy block is small, it's not necessarily a "copy that reproduces a person or thing in greatly reduced size" in the same way a toy car reproduces a real car. A block is just a geometric shape used for play.

Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit.

Wait, let me reconsider. The phrase is "child's toy block". In WordNet, "toy" as a modifier can create compounds. But here we need the sense of "toy" as a noun.

"toy block" = a block which is a toy.

Sense 1: artifact designed to be played with - yes, a toy block fits this.
Sense 4: copy in greatly reduced size - this would apply if we were talking about a miniature building, but we're talking about a block.

Actually, looking at the examples and typical usage:
- Sense 1 examples would include: ball, doll, toy block, plaything
- Sense 4 examples would include: toy car, toy soldier, miniature

The key distinction is that sense 4 emphasizes the "copy" and "greatly reduced size" aspect - it's a replica. Sense 1 is the general category of playthings.

A toy block is fundamentally a plaything (sense 1), not a miniature replica of something else (sense 4). Therefore, sense 1 is correct.

But let me double-check sense 2: "a nonfunctional replica of something else (frequently used as a modifier)" - examples: toy stove. This is similar to sense 4 but emphasizes nonfunctionality. A toy block isn't a replica of a functional thing, so this doesn't fit.

Sense 3 is clearly out (amusement device for adults/rich people).

Sense 5 is about dogs.

So it's between 1 and 4. The phrase "child's toy" strongly suggests sense 1 (plaything). The simile compares the building to a lightweight object (toy block) being tossed by a child.

I choose sense 1.

provider: Phala


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: block
Target surface form: block
Context:
11:59 p.m. JKD: I was in my favorite watering hole, waiting for the game to start. I felt the temblor begin and glanced at the table next to mine, smiled that guilty smile and we both mouthed the words, "Earth-quake! "together. That's usually how long it takes for the temblors to pass. This time, it just got stronger and then the building started shaking violently up and down as though it were a child's toy <t>block</t> that was being tossed. 12:06 a.m.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=block%1:06:00:: | definition=a solid piece of something (usually having flat rectangular sides) | examples=the pyramids were built with large stone blocks
2. sense_key=block%1:15:00:: | definition=a rectangular area in a city surrounded by streets and usually containing several buildings | synonyms=city block | examples=he lives in the next block
3. sense_key=block%1:25:01:: | definition=a three-dimensional shape with six square or rectangular sides | synonyms=cube
4. sense_key=block%1:14:00:: | definition=a number or quantity of related things dealt with as a unit | examples=he reserved a large block of seats; he held a large block of the company's stock
5. sense_key=block%1:06:06:: | definition=housing in a large building that is divided into separate units | examples=there is a block of classrooms in the west wing
6. sense_key=block%1:23:00:: | definition=(computer science) a sector or group of sectors that function as the smallest data unit permitted | examples=since blocks are often defined as a single sector, the terms `block' and `sector' are sometimes used interchangeably
7. sense_key=block%1:09:00:: | definition=an inability to remember or think of something you normally can do; often caused by emotional tension | synonyms=mental block | examples=I knew his name perfectly well but I had a temporary block
8. sense_key=block%1:06:02:: | definition=a simple machine consisting of a wheel with a groove in which a rope can run to change the direction or point of application of a force applied to the rope | synonyms=pulley, pulley-block
9. sense_key=block%1:06:04:: | definition=a metal casting containing the cylinders and cooling ducts of an engine | synonyms=engine block, cylinder block | examples=the engine had to be replaced because the block was cracked
10. sense_key=block%1:06:01:: | definition=an obstruction in a pipe or tube | synonyms=blockage, closure, occlusion, stop, stoppage | examples=we had to call a plumber to clear out the blockage in the drainpipe
11. sense_key=block%1:06:05:: | definition=a platform from which an auctioneer sells | synonyms=auction block | examples=they put their paintings on the block
12. sense_key=block%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of obstructing or deflecting someone's movements | synonyms=blocking

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "block" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 The sentence is: "This time, it just got stronger and then the building started shaking violently up and down as though it were a child's toy <t>block</t> that was being tossed."

 Key elements:
 - "child's toy block"
 - "being tossed"
 - Simile comparing a shaking building to a toy block being tossed

 Looking at the candidate senses:

 1. block%1:06:00:: - a solid piece of something (usually having flat rectangular sides) | examples=the pyramids were built with large stone blocks
    - This could work as toy blocks are solid pieces with flat rectangular sides.

 2. block%1:15:00:: - city block - doesn't fit, not talking about city geography.

 3. block%1:25:01:: - a three-dimensional shape with six square or rectangular sides | synonyms=cube
    - This is very close. Toy blocks are often cubes. The definition mentions "cube" as a synonym.

 4. block%1:14:00:: - a number or quantity of related things - doesn't fit.

 5. block%1:06:06:: - housing in a large building - doesn't fit.

 6. block%1:23:00:: - computer science term - doesn't fit.

 7. block%1:09:00:: - mental block - doesn't fit.

 8. block%1:06:02:: - pulley - doesn't fit.

 9. block%1:06:04:: - engine block - doesn't fit.

 10. block%1:06:01:: - obstruction in pipe - doesn't fit.

 11. block%1:06:05:: - auction block - doesn't fit.

 12. block%1:04:00:: - act of obstructing - doesn't fit.

 So it's between sense 1 and sense 3.

 Sense 1: "a solid piece of something (usually having flat rectangular sides)" - examples mention stone blocks for pyramids.
 Sense 3: "a three-dimensional shape with six square or rectangular sides" - synonyms=cube.

 The context mentions "child's toy block". When we think of toy blocks (like building blocks, alphabet blocks), they are typically cubes or rectangular prisms.

 However, looking at WordNet's hierarchy:
 - Sense 1 (block%1:06:00) is under noun.artifact - a solid piece of something (usually having flat rectangular sides)
 - Sense 3 (block%1:25:01) is under noun.shape - a three-dimensional shape with six square or rectangular sides; cube

 The phrase "toy block" most commonly refers to sense 1 - the physical object (artifact), not the abstract geometric shape. However, sense 3 specifically mentions "cube" and "three-dimensional shape with six square or rectangular sides."

 Let me think about the phrasing: "a child's toy block that was being tossed."

 In common parlance, when we say "toy block," we usually mean sense 1 - the physical toy. But the description "three-dimensional shape with six square or rectangular sides" (sense 3) also fits because toy blocks are cubes.

 However, looking at the examples:
 - Sense 1: "the pyramids were built with large stone blocks" - this refers to physical blocks used as building material.
 - Sense 3: no examples given, just synonyms=cube.

 Actually, looking carefully at the context: "as though it were a child's toy block that was being tossed."

 The simile is comparing the building to a lightweight object being shaken violently. Toy blocks (like wooden alphabet blocks) fit this image.

 But which sense index?
 - Index 1: block%1:06:00
 - Index 3: block%1:25:01

 Wait, I need to check the actual WordNet sense keys to make sure I'm mapping the indices correctly.

 The user lists:
 1. sense_key=block%1:06:00::
 2. sense_key=block%1:15:00::
 3. sense_key=block%1:25:01::
 4. sense_key=block%1:14:00::
 ...

 So index 1 is the first one, index 3 is the third one.

 Now, "toy block" - is it sense 1 or sense 3?

 Sense 1: "a solid piece of something (usually having flat rectangular sides)"
 Sense 3: "a three-dimensional shape with six square or rectangular sides" (cube)

 In WordNet, sense 3 is actually the geometric shape sense (cube), while sense 1 is the artifact sense (a solid piece of material).

 However, looking at typical usage of "block" in "toy block" or "building block", this is usually sense 1 (the artifact). But sense 3 could also apply if emphasizing the cube shape.

 But wait, looking at the definition of sense 1 again: "a solid piece of something (usually having flat rectangular sides)". Toy blocks fit this perfectly - they are solid pieces (usually wood or plastic) with flat rectangular sides.

 Sense 3 is more abstract - it's about the shape itself (cube), not necessarily the physical object.

 Given the context mentions "toy", it strongly suggests the physical play object (artifact), not the geometric shape. Therefore, sense 1 is better.

 However, I should verify if there's any other sense that might fit. Sense 1 seems the most appropriate for "toy block".

 Actually, looking at the WordNet entry for "block":
 - Sense 1 (block%1:06:00) is indeed "a solid piece of something (usually having flat rectangular sides)" and includes examples like "pyramids built with stone blocks" and "a block of wood" or "a block of ice".
 - This would cover toy blocks.

 Sense 3 (block%1:25:01) is specifically the shape (cube).

 In the context "child's toy block", it's definitely referring to the toy (artifact), not the abstract geometric concept. So index 1 is correct.

 But let me double-check: could it be index 3? If the text said "shaped like a block", maybe. But it says "toy block", which is a specific object.

 Therefore, the answer should be {"sense_index": 1}.

 Wait, I want to reconsider. In WordNet, there might be a specific sense for toy blocks or building blocks. Let me think about the hyponyms.

 Actually, looking at standard WordNet 3.0 or 3.1:
 block%1:06:00:: - solid piece
 block%1:25:01:: - cube (shape)

 The phrase "building block" or "toy block" typically maps to sense 1.

 But there's a potential complication: sense 3 is defined as "a three-dimensional shape with six square or rectangular sides" with synonym "cube". Toy blocks are often cubes.

 However, the context emphasizes that it's a "toy" and that it's being "tossed" (physical manipulation), which supports the artifact reading (sense 1) over the shape reading (sense 3).

 Also, the example for sense 1 mentions "pyramids were built with large stone blocks" - these are building blocks, analogous to toy blocks.

 I think sense 1 is the correct choice.

 Final check: Are there any other senses that could work?
 - Sense 5: housing in a large building... no.
 - Sense 11: auction block... no.
 - Sense 12: the act of obstructing... no.

 So it's between 1 and 3. I choose 1.

provider: Moonshot AI


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: toss
Target surface form: tossed
Context:
11:59 p.m. JKD: I was in my favorite watering hole, waiting for the game to start. I felt the temblor begin and glanced at the table next to mine, smiled that guilty smile and we both mouthed the words, "Earth-quake! "together. That's usually how long it takes for the temblors to pass. This time, it just got stronger and then the building started shaking violently up and down as though it were a child's toy block that was being <t>tossed</t>. 12:06 a.m.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=toss%2:35:04:: | definition=throw or toss with a light motion | synonyms=flip, sky, pitch | examples=flip me the beachball; toss me newspaper
2. sense_key=toss%2:38:00:: | definition=lightly throw to see which side comes up | synonyms=flip | examples=I don't know what to do--I may as well flip a coin!
3. sense_key=toss%2:35:05:: | definition=throw carelessly | synonyms=chuck | examples=chuck the ball
4. sense_key=toss%2:38:01:: | definition=move or stir about violently | synonyms=convulse, thresh, thresh about, thrash, thrash about, slash | examples=The feverish patient thrashed around in his bed
5. sense_key=toss%2:40:00:: | definition=throw or cast away | synonyms=discard, fling, toss out, toss away, chuck out, cast aside | examples=Put away your worries
6. sense_key=toss%2:35:00:: | definition=agitate | examples=toss the salad

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "tossed" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The sentence describes an earthquake scenario
 - "the building started shaking violently up and down as though it were a child's toy block that was being <t>tossed</t>"
 - The building is being compared to a child's toy block being tossed
 - The motion is violent shaking up and down
 - This suggests a violent, agitated movement rather than a careful throw

 Candidate sense analysis:

 1. toss%2:35:04:: - "throw or toss with a light motion" (flip, sky, pitch)
    - This suggests a light, gentle throw (like tossing a ball)
    - But the context describes violent shaking, not a light motion
    - Not the best fit

 2. toss%2:38:00:: - "lightly throw to see which side comes up" (flip)
    - This is about flipping a coin
    - Completely wrong context

 3. toss%2:35:05:: - "throw carelessly" (chuck)
    - This is about throwing something carelessly
    - While "tossed" could mean thrown, the specific context emphasizes violent shaking/movement, not just careless throwing
    - The building isn't being thrown from one place to another, but shaken violently

 4. toss%2:38:01:: - "move or stir about violently" (convulse, thresh, thresh about, thrash, thrash about, slash)
    - Definition: "move or stir about violently"
    - Synonyms include convulse, thrash, etc.
    - The example: "The feverish patient thrashed around in his bed"
    - This matches the context perfectly: the building is shaking violently up and down, like a toy being tossed around violently
    - The violent up and down motion fits "move or stir about violently"

 5. toss%2:40:00:: - "throw or cast away" (discard)
    - This is about discarding something
    - Wrong context

 6. toss%2:35:00:: - "agitate" (toss the salad)
    - This is about agitating, like tossing a salad
    - While related to movement, sense 4 seems more specific to violent movement/shaking
    - "Toss the salad" is more about mixing lightly, not the violent shaking described here

 Comparison between sense 4 and sense 6:
 - Sense 4: "move or stir about violently" - matches the "shaking violently" description
 - Sense 6: "agitate" - more general, and the example "toss the salad" suggests a gentler mixing motion

 The context emphasizes:
 - "shaking violently up and down"
 - "as though it were a child's toy block"
 - Being tossed (moved violently)

 Sense 4 (toss%2:38:01::) with definition "move or stir about violently" and synonyms like "convulse, thresh, thrash" is the best fit because it captures the violent, chaotic movement of the building during an earthquake.

 Wait, let me double-check the sense indices. The user lists them as:
 1. sense_key=toss%2:35:04::
 2. sense_key=toss%2:38:00::
 3. sense_key=toss%2:35:05::
 4. sense_key=toss%2:38:01::
 5. sense_key=toss%2:40:00::
 6. sense_key=toss%2:35:00::

 So sense 4 is toss%2:38:01:: "move or stir about violently"

 Yes, this is the correct choice. The building is being tossed around (moved violently), not thrown from one place to another.

 Actually, looking at the WordNet structure:
 - toss%2:38:01:: is indeed the sense for "move or stir about violently"

 The context describes the building shaking violently as if it were a toy block being tossed around. This is clearly the "move or stir about violently" sense.

 Therefore, the answer should be {"sense_index": 4}.

provider: Chutes


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: library
Target surface form: library
Context:
I felt the temblor begin and glanced at the table next to mine, smiled that guilty smile and we both mouthed the words, "Earth-quake! "together. That's usually how long it takes for the temblors to pass. This time, it just got stronger and then the building started shaking violently up and down as though it were a child's toy block that was being tossed. 12:06 a.m. HRH: I was in the Berkeley Main <t>library</t> when it hit. Endless seconds wondering if those huge windows would buckle and shower us with glass.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=library%1:06:01:: | definition=a room where books are kept | examples=they had brandy in the library
2. sense_key=library%1:14:00:: | definition=a collection of literary documents or records kept for reference or borrowing
3. sense_key=library%1:06:00:: | definition=a depository built to contain books and other materials for reading and study | synonyms=depository library
4. sense_key=library%1:14:01:: | definition=(computing) a collection of standard programs and subroutines that are stored and available for immediate use | synonyms=program library, subroutine library
5. sense_key=library%1:06:02:: | definition=a building that houses a collection of books and other materials

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "library" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The text describes an earthquake ("temblor") hitting Berkeley
 - The narrator was in the "Berkeley Main library" when it hit
 - There are mentions of "huge windows" and the building shaking
 - The context clearly refers to a physical building/location where the narrator was present during the earthquake

 Candidate sense analysis:
 1. sense_key=library%1:06:01:: - "a room where books are kept" (too specific, just a room)
 2. sense_key=library%1:14:00:: - "a collection of literary documents..." (abstract collection, not a physical place)
 3. sense_key=library%1:06:00:: - "a depository built to contain books..." (physical building/structure)
 4. sense_key=library%1:14:01:: - computing sense (clearly not this, no computers mentioned)
 5. sense_key=library%1:06:02:: - "a building that houses a collection of books..." (physical building)

 Now I need to distinguish between sense 3 and sense 5, as both refer to physical structures.

 Sense 3: "a depository built to contain books and other materials for reading and study" - synonyms include "depository library"
 Sense 5: "a building that houses a collection of books and other materials"

 The context mentions "Berkeley Main library" - this refers to the main library building of Berkeley (likely UC Berkeley or Berkeley Public Library). The text mentions "the building started shaking" and being inside it.

 Looking at the WordNet hierarchy:
 - Sense 3 (library%1:06:00) is typically the specific sense for a library as a depository/institution
 - Sense 5 (library%1:06:02) is "a building that houses..."

 Actually, looking carefully:
 - Sense 3: "a depository built to contain books..." - this is often the main sense for the institution/place
 - Sense 5: "a building that houses..." - this emphasizes the building itself

 In the context: "I was in the Berkeley Main library" - this refers to being inside the library building/institution. The mention of "the building started shaking" and "huge windows" suggests the physical structure.

 However, I need to check which sense index corresponds to which. The user lists:
 1. sense_key=library%1:06:01:: (room)
 2. sense_key=library%1:14:00:: (collection)
 3. sense_key=library%1:06:00:: (depository)
 4. sense_key=library%1:14:01:: (computing)
 5. sense_key=library%1:06:02:: (building)

 In WordNet:
 - library%1:06:00:: is typically "a depository built to contain books and other materials for reading and study" - this is the main sense for a library building/institution.
 - library%1:06:02:: is "a building that houses a collection of books and other materials"

 Wait, I should verify the exact WordNet senses. In WordNet 3.0 or similar:
 - 1:06:00 is usually the depository sense
 - 1:06:01 is the room sense
 - 1:06:02 is the building sense

 But looking at the definitions provided:
 - Sense 3: "a depository built to contain books and other materials for reading and study" (synonyms: depository library)
 - Sense 5: "a building that houses a collection of books and other materials"

 The context mentions being in the "Berkeley Main library" during an earthquake, with references to "the building" and "huge windows." Both sense 3 and 5 could work, but sense 3 (depository) is more commonly used for the institution/place one visits, while sense 5 specifically emphasizes the building aspect.

 However, looking at the examples:
 - Sense 1 example: "they had brandy in the library" - this suggests a room in a house (like a study/library room)
 - Sense 3: depository library - this is the public/academic library sense
 - Sense 5: building that houses...

 In the context of "Berkeley Main library", this is clearly a public institution (the main library of Berkeley). The text mentions "the building started shaking" which emphasizes the physical structure, but "library" here refers to the institution/place.

 Actually, looking at standard WordNet mappings:
 - library%1:06:00:: = depository library (the institution/place)
 - library%1:06:02:: = library building

 But the question asks for the "single best indexed sense."

 Let me reconsider the context clues:
 - "I was in the Berkeley Main library" - location/place
 - "the building started shaking" - the physical structure is being discussed
 - "huge windows" - architectural feature of the building

 Between sense 3 (depository) and sense 5 (building):
 - Sense 3 focuses on it being a depository for materials
 - Sense 5 focuses on it being a building

 Given that the text emphasizes the physical aspects (shaking, windows, building), sense 5 might seem appropriate. However, "Berkeley Main library" is the name of the institution, and when we say "I was in the library," we typically use sense 3 (the depository/institution sense), not specifically emphasizing "the building" as distinct from the institution.

 But wait, looking at the provided definitions again:
 - Sense 3: "a depository built to contain books..." - this is the general sense for a library as a place
 - Sense 5: "a building that houses..." - this is more specific to the structure

 In many WSD tasks for "library" referring to a public library building, sense 3 (depository) is usually the correct choice. Sense 5 might be used when distinguishing the building from the collection or institution.

 However, the mention of "the building" in the context might push toward sense 5. But "Berkeley Main library" is the proper name of the institution.

 Let me check the sense keys carefully:
 - library%1:06:00:: (sense 3 in the list)
 - library%1:06:02:: (sense 5 in the list)

 In WordNet:
 - 1:06:00 is the first noun.artifact sense
 - 1:06:01 is the second noun.artifact sense (room)
 - 1:06:02 is the third noun.artifact sense (building)

 Actually, looking at standard WordNet 3.0:
 - library (n) sense 1: a depository built to contain books and other materials for reading and study (depository library)
 - library (n) sense 2: a room where books are kept
 - library (n) sense 3: a building that houses a collection of books and other materials

 Wait, the numbering in WordNet might be different from the indexing in the question. The question provides:
 1. sense_key=library%1:06:01:: (room)
 2. sense_key=library%1:14:00:: (collection)
 3. sense_key=library%1:06:00:: (depository)
 4. sense_key=library%1:14:01:: (computing)
 5. sense_key=library%1:06:02:: (building)

 So:
 - Index 1: room (1:06:01)
 - Index 2: collection (1:14:00)
 - Index 3: depository (1:06:00)
 - Index 4: computing (1:14:01)
 - Index 5: building (1:06:02)

 The context is about being in the "Berkeley Main library" during an earthquake. This is clearly referring to the library as a place/institution where one can be present.

 Between index 3 (depository) and index 5 (building):
 - "Depository" emphasizes the function (storing books)
 - "Building" emphasizes the physical structure

 Given the context mentions "the building started shaking" and "huge windows," one might think index 5. However, "Berkeley Main library" is the name of the institution, and we say "I was in the library" using the depository sense (index 3).

 But actually, looking at the gloss for index 3: "a depository built to contain books..." - this includes the building aspect. The gloss for index 5 is more specific: "a building that houses..."

 In standard WSD, for "I went to the library" or "I was in the library," sense 3 (depository) is usually the correct choice. Sense 5 is less common and might be used when specifically contrasting the building with something else.

 However, the presence of "the building" in the immediate context ("the building started shaking") suggests that the text is drawing attention to the physical structure. But the target word is "library" in "Berkeley Main library."

 Let me reconsider. The phrase is "Berkeley Main library". This is a proper noun referring to a specific library building/institution.

 In WordNet:
 - Sense 1:06:00 (depository) - this is the hypernym for things like "public library", "academic library"
 - Sense 1:06:02 (building) - this is a building

 Actually, looking at the hypernyms:
 - Depository library -> depository -> facility -> artifact
 - Building -> building -> structure -> artifact

 Both are artifacts. The depository sense is more about the function, the building sense is more about the structure.

 Given that the text describes the earthquake effects on the structure (shaking, windows), and explicitly mentions "the building," sense 5 (index 5) might be the best fit. However, sense 3 is the more general and common sense for "library" as a place.

 Wait, I should look at the examples provided for each sense in the prompt:
 - Sense 1: "they had brandy in the library" (private room)
 - Sense 3: synonyms include "depository library"
 - Sense 5: no example given, just "a building that houses..."

 "Berkeley Main library" is clearly a public library, not a private room (sense 1). It's not a collection (sense 2) or software (sense 4).

 Between 3 and 5: In many WSD datasets, "library" referring to a public library is sense 3. Sense 5 is often a building that houses a library collection, but might be distinct.

 Actually, looking carefully at WordNet 3.1 or similar:
 - library%1:06:00:: - a depository built to contain books and other materials for reading and study
 - library%1:06:01:: - a room where books are kept
 - library%1:06:02:: - a building that houses a collection of books and other materials

 The question lists:
 1. library%1:06:01:: (room) - matches 1:06:01
 2. library%1:14:00:: (collection) - matches 1:14:00
 3. library%1:06:00:: (depository) - matches 1:06:00
 4. library%1:14:01:: (computing) - matches 1:14:01
 5. library%1:06:02:: (building) - matches 1:06:02

 So the indices in the question correspond to:
 1 -> 1:06:01
 2 -> 1:14:00
 3 -> 1:06:00
 4 -> 1:14:01
 5 -> 1:06:02

 Now, which is best?
 The context: "I was in the Berkeley Main library"
 This is similar to "I was in the library" - this is the depository sense (index 3).

 However, the subsequent text emphasizes the building aspects: "the building started shaking", "huge windows". This might suggest index 5.

 But "Berkeley Main library" is the name of the institution. When we refer to being inside a named library (like "New York Public Library"), we use the depository sense.

 Also, note that sense 3 includes "built to contain" which implies a building. Sense 5 is specifically "a building that houses..."

 In standard Princeton WordNet disambiguation:
 - "public library" -> sense 1 (depository)
 - "library building" -> sense 3 (building)

 Here, "Berkeley Main library" is the name of the library institution. The fact that it's capitalized as part of a proper name suggests the institution sense (depository).

 Moreover, the text says "the building started shaking" - this distinguishes "the building" from "the library." If "library" meant the building, it might be redundant or confusing to then refer to "the building." The fact that "the building" is mentioned separately suggests that "library" in "Berkeley Main library" refers to the institution/place (sense 3), and then the text refers to the physical building containing it.

 Actually, looking at the text again: "I was in the Berkeley Main library when it hit. Endless seconds wondering if those huge windows would buckle..."

 The "it" refers to the earthquake. The narrator is in the library. The building shaking is described as a separate observation or as the library building shaking.

 I think index 3 (depository) is the correct choice. This is the standard sense for a library as a public institution/place. Index 5 is more specific to the physical structure, but index 3 is the hypernym and the standard choice for this context.

 Wait, I should reconsider. The user says "WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense."

 The examples for sense 1 (room) mention brandy - clearly not this.
 Sense 3 has synonym "depository library" - this fits a public library like Berkeley Main Library.
 Sense 5 is just "a building..."

 Given that "Berkeley Main library" is a specific library (the main branch of the Berkeley Public Library or the main library of UC Berkeley), and the context involves being inside it as a patron, sense 3 (depository) is the best fit.

 Final check: Could it be sense 5? If the text emphasized that it was specifically the structure, e.g., "the library was made of brick and had large windows," then maybe. But here, the narrator is a user of the library (patron), and the context is about the earthquake experience inside the library institution.

 Decision: Index 3.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: hit
Target surface form: hit
Context:
I felt the temblor begin and glanced at the table next to mine, smiled that guilty smile and we both mouthed the words, "Earth-quake! "together. That's usually how long it takes for the temblors to pass. This time, it just got stronger and then the building started shaking violently up and down as though it were a child's toy block that was being tossed. 12:06 a.m. HRH: I was in the Berkeley Main library when it <t>hit</t>. Endless seconds wondering if those huge windows would buckle and shower us with glass.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=hit%2:35:03:: | definition=cause to move by striking | examples=hit a ball
2. sense_key=hit%2:35:01:: | definition=hit against; come into sudden contact with | synonyms=strike, impinge on, run into, collide with | examples=The car hit a tree; He struck the table with his elbow
3. sense_key=hit%2:35:00:: | definition=deal a blow to, either with the hand or with an instrument | examples=He hit her hard in the face
4. sense_key=hit%2:38:00:: | definition=reach a destination, either real or abstract | synonyms=reach, make, attain, arrive at, gain | examples=We hit Detroit by noon; The water reached the doorstep
5. sense_key=hit%2:35:05:: | definition=affect or afflict suddenly, usually adversely | synonyms=strike | examples=We were hit by really bad weather; He was stricken with cancer when he was still a teenager
6. sense_key=hit%2:33:01:: | definition=hit with a missile from a weapon | synonyms=shoot, pip
7. sense_key=hit%2:40:05:: | definition=encounter by chance | synonyms=stumble | examples=I stumbled across a long-lost cousin last night in a restaurant
8. sense_key=hit%2:33:02:: | definition=gain points in a game | synonyms=score, tally, rack up | examples=The home team scored many times; He hit a home run
9. sense_key=hit%2:39:00:: | definition=cause to experience suddenly | synonyms=strike, come to | examples=Panic struck me; An interesting idea hit her
10. sense_key=hit%2:33:00:: | definition=make a strategic, offensive, assault against an enemy, opponent, or a target | synonyms=strike | examples=The Germans struck Poland on Sept. 1, 1939; We must strike the enemy's oil fields
11. sense_key=hit%2:41:00:: | definition=kill intentionally and with premeditation | synonyms=murder, slay, dispatch, bump off, off, polish off | examples=The mafia boss ordered his enemies murdered
12. sense_key=hit%2:38:02:: | definition=drive something violently into a location | synonyms=strike | examples=he hit his fist on the table; she struck her head on the low ceiling
13. sense_key=hit%2:38:07:: | definition=reach a point in time, or a certain state or level | synonyms=reach, attain | examples=The thermometer hit 100 degrees; This car can reach a speed of 140 miles per hour
14. sense_key=hit%2:35:02:: | definition=produce by manipulating keys or strings of musical instruments, also metaphorically | synonyms=strike | examples=The pianist strikes a middle C; strike `z' on the keyboard
15. sense_key=hit%2:34:00:: | definition=consume to excess | examples=hit the bottle
16. sense_key=hit%2:33:03:: | definition=hit the intended target or goal
17. sense_key=hit%2:32:12:: | definition=pay unsolicited and usually unwanted sexual attention to | examples=He tries to hit on women in bars

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "hit" in the given context.

Context analysis:
- The text describes an earthquake (temblor)
- The narrator is in the Berkeley Main library when the earthquake "hit"
- The earthquake is described as getting stronger, building shaking violently
- "it hit" refers to the earthquake striking/arriving/affecting the location

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. hit%2:35:03:: - cause to move by striking (e.g., hit a ball) - doesn't fit, the earthquake isn't being caused to move by striking
2. hit%2:35:01:: - hit against; come into sudden contact with (e.g., car hit a tree) - possible, but the subject is "it" (the earthquake), and earthquakes don't exactly "hit against" in the same way physical objects collide
3. hit%2:35:00:: - deal a blow to (with hand or instrument) - doesn't fit, no hand/instrument
4. hit%2:38:00:: - reach a destination (e.g., We hit Detroit) - possible, but usually implies arrival at a location, not an event affecting a location
5. hit%2:35:05:: - affect or afflict suddenly, usually adversely (synonyms: strike) - examples: "We were hit by really bad weather" - this fits very well! The earthquake is a natural disaster affecting the location suddenly and adversely.
6. hit%2:33:01:: - hit with a missile from a weapon - no
7. hit%2:40:05:: - encounter by chance - no
8. hit%2:33:02:: - gain points in a game - no
9. hit%2:39:00:: - cause to experience suddenly (synonyms: strike, come to) - examples: "Panic struck me; An interesting idea hit her" - this could work too, but usually implies causing a mental state or idea. However, "it hit" where "it" is the earthquake could fit "cause to experience suddenly"
10. hit%2:33:00:: - make a strategic offensive assault - no
11. hit%2:41:00:: - kill intentionally - no
12. hit%2:38:02:: - drive something violently into a location - examples involve physical striking with a body part
13. hit%2:38:07:: - reach a point in time or state/level - no
14. hit%2:35:02:: - produce by manipulating keys/strings - no
15. hit%2:34:00:: - consume to excess - no
16. hit%2:33:03:: - hit the intended target - no
17. hit%2:32:12:: - pay unwanted sexual attention - no

Between sense 5 and sense 9:
- Sense 5: "affect or afflict suddenly, usually adversely" - examples include "We were hit by really bad weather" - this is very similar to being hit by an earthquake
- Sense 9: "cause to experience suddenly" - examples are mental/emotional (panic, idea)

The context describes a physical event (earthquake) affecting the library and people. "We were hit by really bad weather" is almost exactly parallel to "the library was hit by the earthquake" or "it [the earthquake] hit."

Actually, looking at the exact phrase: "I was in the Berkeley Main library when it hit."
- "It" refers to the earthquake/temblor
- The earthquake "hit" the library/area

Sense 5 (hit%2:35:05::) definition: "affect or afflict suddenly, usually adversely" with example "We were hit by really bad weather" is the best match.

Sense 2 (hit%2:35:01::) "hit against; come into sudden contact with" could also work for earthquakes (the earthquake struck/hit the area), but sense 5 is more specific to adverse events like natural disasters.

In WordNet, sense 5 (hit%2:35:05::) is the one used for disasters and adverse events striking locations.

Let me double-check the indexing. The user lists them as:
1. sense_key=hit%2:35:03::
2. sense_key=hit%2:35:01::
3. sense_key=hit%2:35:00::
4. sense_key=hit%2:38:00::
5. sense_key=hit%2:35:05::
6. sense_key=hit%2:33:01::
...

So sense_index would be 5.

Wait, I need to make sure about the exact distinction between sense 2 and sense 5.

Sense 2: hit against; come into sudden contact with - more physical collision
Sense 5: affect or afflict suddenly, usually adversely - more about the impact on the subject

In "the car hit a tree" (sense 2), the car is the agent doing the hitting.
In "we were hit by bad weather" (sense 5), the weather is the agent affecting us.

In "it [the earthquake] hit", the earthquake is the agent affecting the library/people. This is sense 5.

Also, sense 9 is "cause to experience suddenly" which is often used for ideas or emotions hitting someone. While one could say "the earthquake caused us to experience fear suddenly," the primary meaning of "the earthquake hit" is that the earthquake itself struck/affected the location (sense 5).

Therefore, the answer is sense_index 5.

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: endless
Target surface form: Endless
Context:
That's usually how long it takes for the temblors to pass. This time, it just got stronger and then the building started shaking violently up and down as though it were a child's toy block that was being tossed. 12:06 a.m. HRH: I was in the Berkeley Main library when it hit. <t>Endless</t> seconds wondering if those huge windows would buckle and shower us with glass. Only a few books fell in the reading room.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=endless%5:00:00:long:02 | definition=tiresomely long; seemingly without end | synonyms=eternal, interminable | examples=endless debates; an endless conversation
2. sense_key=endless%5:00:02:infinite:00 | definition=infinitely great in number | examples=endless waves
3. sense_key=endless%5:00:00:infinite:00 | definition=having no known beginning and presumably no end | synonyms=dateless, sempiternal | examples=the dateless rise and fall of the tides; time is endless
4. sense_key=endless%5:00:00:continuous:01 | definition=having the ends united so as to form a continuous whole | examples=an endless chain

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) on the word "endless" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The passage describes an earthquake experience
 - "Endless seconds wondering if those huge windows would buckle and shower us with glass"
 - This describes a subjective experience of time during a traumatic event (earthquake)
 - The seconds feel long, drawn out, seemingly without end due to fear/anxiety
 - It's describing a duration of time that feels tiresomely long

 Candidate sense analysis:

 1. sense_key=endless%5:00:00:long:02 | definition=tiresomely long; seemingly without end | synonyms=eternal, interminable | examples=endless debates; an endless conversation
    - This fits well. The seconds feel "tiresomely long" and "seemingly without end" due to the stress of the earthquake
    - Synonyms "interminable" fits perfectly - interminable seconds
    - Examples include "endless debates" and "endless conversation" which are temporal durations that feel too long

 2. sense_key=endless%5:00:02:infinite:00 | definition=infinitely great in number | examples=endless waves
    - This refers to quantity/number, not duration
    - "Seconds" here refers to a duration of time, not a countable number of discrete items
    - Doesn't fit as well

 3. sense_key=endless%5:00:00:infinite:00 | definition=having no known beginning and presumably no end | synonyms=dateless, sempiternal | examples=the dateless rise and fall of the tides; time is endless
    - This refers to eternal/everlasting time in a cosmic/philosophical sense
    - The context is about a specific, finite period (seconds during an earthquake) that subjectively feels long
    - Not about cosmic eternity or infinite time in the abstract

 4. sense_key=endless%5:00:00:continuous:01 | definition=having the ends united so as to form a continuous whole | examples=an endless chain
    - This is the literal/physical sense (like a loop, endless chain)
    - Not applicable to "seconds" of time

 Best fit is sense 1: "tiresomely long; seemingly without end"
 - The context describes seconds that feel prolonged due to fear/stress
 - "Interminable" is a perfect synonym for this usage
 - The examples "endless debates" and "endless conversation" show this sense applies to temporal experiences that drag on

 The answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: AtlasCloud