[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: percentage
Target surface form: percentage
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater <t>percentage</t> of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=percentage%1:24:00:: | definition=a proportion in relation to a whole (which is usually the amount per hundred) | synonyms=percent, per centum, pct
2. sense_key=percentage%1:21:00:: | definition=assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=share, portion, part | examples=he wanted his share in cash

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "percentage" in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
- The text discusses political elections, specifically voting patterns and vote shares.
- The specific sentence with the target word is: "In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater <t>percentage</t> of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress."
- This refers to the proportion or share of votes that the GOP captured.

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=percentage%1:24:00:: | definition=a proportion in relation to a whole (which is usually the amount per hundred) | synonyms=percent, per centum, pct
   - This refers to a mathematical proportion, typically expressed as a number out of 100.
   - In the context, "percentage of the major-party popular vote" refers to the proportion of votes expressed as a percentage (e.g., 45%, 50%, etc.).

2. sense_key=percentage%1:21:00:: | definition=assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=share, portion, part | examples=he wanted his share in cash
   - This refers to a share or portion of something tangible (assets, money, etc.).
   - While "percentage" could metaphorically mean "share," in this context it's specifically referring to the numerical proportion of votes, not a physical portion or asset.

The context is about election results and vote counts. The phrase "percentage of the major-party popular vote" clearly refers to the numerical proportion (e.g., 55%) of votes received, not a share of assets.

Looking at the previous uses in the text:
- "20% of the nation's congressional districts" - clearly using % as a mathematical proportion
- "that percentage routinely equals a third" - referring back to the 20% figure
- "twice has been above 40%" - again, numerical percentages

The target usage "greater percentage of the major-party popular vote" is consistent with these other uses - it's talking about the numerical proportion of votes.

Therefore, sense 1 (percentage%1:24:00::) is the correct sense - the mathematical proportion definition.

Sense 2 would be more appropriate in contexts like "What percentage of the company do you own?" where it could mean a share/proportion of ownership (though even then, sense 1 might apply if talking about the numerical value). But here, with "popular vote" and the context of election statistics, it's clearly the mathematical proportion sense.

The answer should be {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: Novita


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: major
Target surface form: major
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the <t>major</t> - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=major%3:00:06:: | definition=of greater importance or stature or rank | examples=a major artist; a major role
2. sense_key=major%3:00:02:: | definition=greater in scope or effect | examples=a major contribution; a major improvement
3. sense_key=major%3:00:01:: | definition=greater in number or size or amount | examples=a major portion (a majority) of the population; Ursa Major
4. sense_key=major%3:00:05:: | definition=of the field of academic study in which one concentrates or specializes | examples=his major field was mathematics
5. sense_key=major%3:00:04:: | definition=of a scale or mode | examples=major scales; the key of D major
6. sense_key=major%3:00:07:: | definition=of greater seriousness or danger | examples=a major earthquake; a major hurricane
7. sense_key=major%3:00:03:: | definition=of full legal age
8. sense_key=major%5:00:00:senior:00 | definition=of the elder of two boys with the same family name | examples=Jones major

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "major" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The sentence is: "In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the <t>major</t> - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress."
 - The phrase is "major-party popular vote" or "major party popular vote"
 - This refers to the two main political parties in the US (Democratic and Republican)
 - "Major party" here means the main, primary, or most important parties (as opposed to minor/third parties)

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=major%3:00:06:: | definition=of greater importance or stature or rank | examples=a major artist; a major role
    - This seems relevant. "Major party" means a party of greater importance/rank compared to minor parties.

 2. sense_key=major%3:00:02:: | definition=greater in scope or effect | examples=a major contribution; a major improvement
    - This doesn't fit well. We're not talking about scope or effect.

 3. sense_key=major%3:00:01:: | definition=greater in number or size or amount | examples=a major portion (a majority) of the population; Ursa Major
    - This refers to size/amount. While major parties might have more members, the phrase "major party" specifically refers to importance/rank in the political system, not just size.

 4. sense_key=major%3:00:05:: | definition=of the field of academic study in which one concentrates or specializes | examples=his major field was mathematics
    - Academic context, not relevant here.

 5. sense_key=major%3:00:04:: | definition=of a scale or mode | examples=major scales; the key of D major
    - Music context, not relevant.

 6. sense_key=major%3:00:07:: | definition=of greater seriousness or danger | examples=a major earthquake; a major hurricane
    - Not relevant to political parties.

 7. sense_key=major%3:00:03:: | definition=of full legal age
    - Not relevant.

 8. sense_key=major%5:00:00:senior:00 | definition=of the elder of two boys with the same family name | examples=Jones major
    - Not relevant.

 So the choice is between sense 1 and possibly sense 3.

 Sense 1: "of greater importance or stature or rank" - examples: "a major artist; a major role"
 Sense 3: "greater in number or size or amount" - examples: "a major portion (a majority) of the population; Ursa Major"

 In political science, "major party" refers to parties that have significant importance, stature, and influence in the political system - typically the Democratic and Republican parties in the US. While they do have more voters (which connects to sense 3), the term "major party" is defined by their importance and rank in the system (sense 1).

 The phrase "major-party popular vote" means the popular vote for the major parties (as opposed to minor parties). This is about the importance/rank of the parties in the political system.

 Looking at the examples for sense 1: "a major artist; a major role" - these refer to importance/stature.
 Looking at the examples for sense 3: "a major portion (a majority) of the population" - this is about quantity.

 In the context of political parties, "major" refers to their status/importance in the political system (the main parties), not just their size, though size contributes to their status. The standard definition of "major party" in political science aligns with sense 1 (importance/stature/rank).

 Also, looking at the specific phrase "major-party" (hyphenated or compound), this is a standard term referring to the principal political parties.

 Therefore, sense 1 (index 1) is the best choice.

 Wait, let me double-check the sense indices. The user lists them as:
 1. sense_key=major%3:00:06::
 2. sense_key=major%3:00:02::
 3. sense_key=major%3:00:01::
 4. sense_key=major%3:00:05::
 5. sense_key=major%3:00:04::
 6. sense_key=major%3:00:07::
 7. sense_key=major%3:00:03::
 8. sense_key=major%5:00:00:senior:00

 So if I choose sense 1, the index is 1.

 But let me reconsider sense 3. The example says "a major portion (a majority) of the population". In the context, "major party" could be interpreted as parties representing the majority or largest portions of the electorate. However, "major party" is a technical term referring to the dominant parties, not just any party with a majority.

 Actually, looking at WordNet, sense 3:00:06 is "of greater importance or stature or rank" and sense 3:00:01 is "greater in number or size or amount".

 In the context "major-party popular vote", this refers to the popular vote received by major parties. The term "major party" is definitely about importance/rank (sense 1).

 Let me verify by looking at how "major party" is typically defined. In political contexts, major parties are those with significant importance, influence, and electoral success - the principal parties in a political system.

 Therefore, sense 1 is correct.

 The answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: ModelRun

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: party
Target surface form: party
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - <t>party</t> popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=party%1:14:01:: | definition=an organization to gain political power | synonyms=political party | examples=in 1992 Perot tried to organize a third party at the national level
2. sense_key=party%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of people gathered together for pleasure | examples=she joined the party after dinner
3. sense_key=party%1:14:02:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=company | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
4. sense_key=party%1:11:00:: | definition=an occasion on which people can assemble for social interaction and entertainment | examples=he planned a party to celebrate Bastille Day
5. sense_key=party%1:18:00:: | definition=a person involved in legal proceedings | examples=the party of the first part

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the word "party" in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
- The text is about political elections, specifically comparing presidential elections vs congressional elections
- The target word appears in: "the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - <t>party</t> popular vote for president"
- The phrase is "major-party popular vote"
- This is clearly referring to political parties (Democratic vs Republican)

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=party%1:14:01:: | definition=an organization to gain political power | synonyms=political party | examples=in 1992 Perot tried to organize a third party at the national level
   - This fits perfectly. It's about political organizations/parties.
   - The context mentions GOP (Republican Party), Democratic presidential candidate, political "ticket splitting"
   - "Major-party" refers to the two main political parties in the US (Democratic and Republican)

2. sense_key=party%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of people gathered together for pleasure | examples=she joined the party after dinner
   - This is about social gatherings, not relevant here.

3. sense_key=party%1:14:02:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=company | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
   - This is about a group doing an activity together (like a search party), not relevant.

4. sense_key=party%1:11:00:: | definition=an occasion on which people can assemble for social interaction and entertainment | examples=he planned a party to celebrate Bastille Day
   - This is about social events/parties, not relevant.

5. sense_key=party%1:18:00:: | definition=a person involved in legal proceedings | examples=the party of the first part
   - This is legal terminology, not relevant.

The context is clearly political: GOP, Democratic presidential candidate, congressional districts, White House, House of Representatives, presidential election, Goldwater candidacy.

The phrase "major-party popular vote" refers to the vote share captured by the major political parties (as opposed to third parties or independents).

Sense 1 is the correct choice: "an organization to gain political power" with synonym "political party".

The index is 1.

I need to return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: popular
Target surface form: popular
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party <t>popular</t> vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=popular%3:00:00:: | definition=regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public | examples=a popular tourist attraction; a popular girl
2. sense_key=popular%5:00:00:democratic:00 | definition=carried on by or for the people (or citizens) at large | examples=the popular vote; popular representation
3. sense_key=popular%5:00:01:common:01 | definition=representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large | synonyms=democratic | examples=democratic art forms; a democratic or popular movement
4. sense_key=popular%5:00:00:nonclassical:00 | definition=(of music or art) new and of general appeal (especially among young people) | synonyms=pop

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "popular" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text is about political elections, specifically comparing presidential elections to congressional elections.
 - The specific phrase is: "the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress."
 - The phrase "popular vote" appears twice in this sentence.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=popular%3:00:00:: | definition=regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public | examples=a popular tourist attraction; a popular girl
    - This is about being well-liked or favored by people. While "popular vote" involves people voting, this sense is about general favor/approval, not specifically about the democratic process of voting.

 2. sense_key=popular%5:00:00:democratic:00 | definition=carried on by or for the people (or citizens) at large | examples=the popular vote; popular representation
    - This explicitly mentions "the popular vote" as an example. The definition says "carried on by or for the people (or citizens) at large."
    - In the context of elections, "popular vote" refers to the total number of votes cast by citizens, as opposed to electoral votes or other methods.

 3. sense_key=popular%5:00:01:common:01 | definition=representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large | synonyms=democratic | examples=democratic art forms; a democratic or popular movement
    - This is about things that appeal to or benefit the general population, like movements or art forms. While related to "people at large," the example "popular movement" is different from "popular vote."

 4. sense_key=popular%5:00:00:nonclassical:00 | definition=(of music or art) new and of general appeal (especially among young people) | synonyms=pop
    - This is clearly about pop culture, music, art. Not relevant to the political context.

 The context is clearly about elections and voting. The phrase "popular vote" is a technical term in political science/elections referring to the vote cast by the eligible voters (the populace), as opposed to electoral college votes or legislative selection.

 Sense 2 explicitly lists "the popular vote" as an example and defines it as "carried on by or for the people (or citizens) at large." This matches perfectly with the context where "popular vote" refers to the aggregate votes cast by citizens in presidential and congressional elections.

 Therefore, the correct sense is sense 2 (index 2).

 Wait, let me double-check the indexing. The user lists:
 1. sense_key=popular%3:00:00::
 2. sense_key=popular%5:00:00:democratic:00
 3. sense_key=popular%5:00:01:common:01
 4. sense_key=popular%5:00:00:nonclassical:00

 So sense 2 is the one with "the popular vote" as an example.

 The answer should be {"sense_index": 2}.

provider: Chutes


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: vote
Target surface form: vote
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular <t>vote</t> for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=vote%1:04:00:: | definition=a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative | synonyms=ballot, voting, balloting | examples=there were only 17 votes in favor of the motion; they allowed just one vote per person
2. sense_key=vote%1:04:01:: | definition=the opinion of a group as determined by voting | examples=they put the question to a vote
3. sense_key=vote%1:07:00:: | definition=a legal right guaranteed by the 15th amendment to the US Constitution; guaranteed to women by the 19th amendment | synonyms=right to vote, suffrage | examples=American women got the vote in 1920
4. sense_key=vote%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of voters who have the same interests | examples=he failed to get the Black vote
5. sense_key=vote%1:09:00:: | definition=the total number of voters who participated | synonyms=voter turnout | examples=they are expecting a large vote

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "vote" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The sentence is: "In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular <t>vote</t> for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress."
 - The target word "vote" appears in the phrase "popular vote"
 - The context is about election results, percentages, and comparing GOP performance in presidential elections vs congressional elections
 - Specifically, it's talking about the "popular vote" which refers to the total number of votes cast or the choice made by counting votes

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=vote%1:04:00:: | definition=a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative | synonyms=ballot, voting, balloting | examples=there were only 17 votes in favor of the motion; they allowed just one vote per person
 - This refers to the act of voting or the ballots cast
 - "Popular vote" typically refers to the total number of votes cast for a candidate

 2. sense_key=vote%1:04:01:: | definition=the opinion of a group as determined by voting | examples=they put the question to a vote
 - This seems more about the decision/outcome of a vote

 3. sense_key=vote%1:07:00:: | definition=a legal right guaranteed by the 15th amendment to the US Constitution; guaranteed to women by the 19th amendment | synonyms=right to vote, suffrage | examples=American women got the vote in 1920
 - This is about the right to vote (suffrage), not relevant here

 4. sense_key=vote%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of voters who have the same interests | examples=he failed to get the Black vote
 - This refers to a demographic group of voters, not the act or total of voting

 5. sense_key=vote%1:09:00:: | definition=the total number of voters who participated | synonyms=voter turnout | examples=they are expecting a large vote
 - This refers to voter turnout/participation count

 Now, analyzing "popular vote" in the context:
 - The phrase is "popular vote for president"
 - It's being compared to "congressional seats" and "popular vote for Congress"
 - The context mentions "percentage of the major-party popular vote"
 - This is referring to the aggregate of individual votes cast (ballots/choices)

 Sense 1 (vote%1:04:00::) seems to fit best. It refers to "a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative" and has synonyms like ballot, voting, balloting. The "popular vote" is the total of individual votes/choices cast.

 Sense 5 (vote%1:09:00::) is about "the total number of voters who participated" (voter turnout). While similar, "popular vote" in election contexts typically refers to the actual votes cast for candidates (the choices), not just the count of people who showed up. Also, the text mentions "percentage of the major-party popular vote" which suggests it's about the distribution of votes (choices), not just the turnout number.

 Actually, let me reconsider. "Popular vote" can mean:
 1. The total number of votes cast in an election
 2. The choice expressed by the people voting

 Looking at the specific usage: "captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote"
 - This means they got a higher percentage of the votes that were cast
 - It's referring to the aggregate of individual votes

 Sense 1: "a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative" - this seems to refer to the voting process or the vote count itself.
 Sense 5: "the total number of voters who participated" - this is specifically about turnout.

 In "popular vote", we're talking about the votes themselves (the ballots/choices), not the number of people who participated. The phrase "popular vote" contrasts with "electoral vote" or "congressional seats" - it's about the raw vote totals.

 Sense 1 examples: "there were only 17 votes in favor of the motion" - this refers to individual votes/ballots counted.
 Sense 5 examples: "they are expecting a large vote" - this refers to high turnout.

 In the context: "percentage of the major-party popular vote" - this is talking about the proportion of votes received, which aligns with sense 1 (the choices/ballots counted).

 Wait, looking at WordNet structure:
 - vote%1:04:00:: is under noun.act (act, action, activity)
 - vote%1:04:01:: is under noun.act
 - vote%1:07:00:: is under noun.attribute
 - vote%1:14:00:: is under noun.group
 - vote%1:09:00:: is under noun.quantity? Actually, looking at the suffixes...
   - 00, 01, 00, 00, 00 - these are the lex_ids
   - The middle numbers are the lexfile numbers:
     - 04 = noun.act
     - 07 = noun.attribute
     - 14 = noun.group
     - 09 = noun.quantity? Let me check WordNet lexicographer file numbers...

 Actually, standard WordNet lexicographer file numbers:
 - 04 = noun.act (act, action, activity)
 - 07 = noun.attribute (attribute)
 - 09 = noun.cognition? No...
 - 14 = noun.group (group, grouping)

 Let me reconsider the sense indices based on standard WordNet:
 vote has these senses in WordNet 3.0/3.1:
 1. vote, ballot, voting, balloting (noun.act) - a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative
 2. vote (noun.act) - the opinion of a group as determined by voting
 3. right to vote, vote, suffrage (noun.attribute) - a legal right...
 4. vote (noun.group) - a body of voters...
 5. voter turnout, vote (noun.quantity? or noun.act?) - the total number of voters who participated...

 Actually, looking at the provided sense keys:
 - vote%1:04:00:: (noun.act)
 - vote%1:04:01:: (noun.act)
 - vote%1:07:00:: (noun.attribute)
 - vote%1:14:00:: (noun.group)
 - vote%1:09:00:: - 09 would be noun.cognition? No, 09 is usually noun.cognition in some versions but actually:

 Standard Princeton WordNet 3.0 lexicographer file numbers:
 00 = adj.all
 01 = adj.pert
 02 = adv.all
 03 = noun.Tops
 04 = noun.act
 05 = noun.animal
 06 = noun.artifact
 07 = noun.attribute
 08 = noun.body
 09 = noun.cognition
 10 = noun.communication
 11 = noun.event
 12 = noun.feeling
 13 = noun.food
 14 = noun.group
 15 = noun.location
 16 = noun.motive
 17 = noun.object
 18 = noun.person
 19 = noun.phenomenon
 20 = noun.plant
 21 = noun.possession
 22 = noun.process
 23 = noun.quantity
 24 = noun.relation
 25 = noun.shape
 26 = noun.state
 27 = noun.substance
 28 = noun.time
 29 = verb.body
 ...etc

 So:
 - vote%1:04:00:: = noun.act - the act of voting or the ballots
 - vote%1:04:01:: = noun.act - the opinion/decision
 - vote%1:07:00:: = noun.attribute - right to vote
 - vote%1:14:00:: = noun.group - body of voters
 - vote%1:09:00:: = noun.cognition? No, that doesn't make sense for "voter turnout". Actually, voter turnout is usually noun.quantity or noun.act?

 Wait, "voter turnout" or "the total number of voters" would likely be in noun.quantity (23) or noun.act (04). But the key says 09 which is noun.cognition. That seems odd.

 Actually, looking at WordNet 3.1 data:
 - "vote" sense 5: "the total number of voters who participated" - this is listed under noun.act in some versions? Or noun.quantity?

 Regardless, based on the definitions provided:

 The context is: "popular vote for president"
 This refers to the aggregate of individual votes cast by the population.

 Sense 1: "a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative" - this matches "popular vote" as it refers to the counting of individual choices.
 Sense 5: "the total number of voters who participated" - this is about turnout, not the vote totals for candidates.

 In the sentence: "captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote"
 This means they received a higher percentage of the votes that were cast. This is about the distribution of votes (choices), not the number of people who showed up.

 Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit.

 But wait, let me double-check sense 1 vs sense 5 with the examples:
 Sense 1 examples: "there were only 17 votes in favor of the motion" - this refers to individual vote units.
 Sense 5 examples: "they are expecting a large vote" - this refers to a large turnout.

 In "popular vote", we say things like "He won the popular vote by 3 million votes." This refers to the total number of votes (ballots) cast for him vs his opponent. This aligns with sense 1 (counting the number of people in favor of each alternative).

 Also, the word "vote" in "popular vote" is a mass noun or count noun referring to the ballots themselves, not the people.

 Therefore, the answer should be sense 1.

 Wait, I need to be careful. The user says "Do not answer with a WordNet sense key. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}."

 So I need to return the index number (1, 2, 3, 4, or 5) corresponding to the candidate senses listed.

 The candidate senses are numbered 1 through 5. I believe the answer is 1.

 Let me reconsider if it could be 5.
 "Popular vote" could theoretically refer to the turnout, but in the context of "captured a greater percentage", it's clearly about the share of votes received, not the turnout. You don't "capture a percentage of the turnout" in this context, you "capture a percentage of the vote" (meaning the votes cast).

 Also, comparing "popular vote for president" with "popular vote for Congress" - these are comparing the aggregate votes in each type of election.

 Sense 1 definition: "a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative"
 - "popular vote" is exactly this: the choice determined by counting people (voters) in favor of each candidate.

 Sense 5 definition: "the total number of voters who participated"
 - This would be "turnout", not "vote" in the sense of "popular vote".

 So yes, sense 1 is correct.

provider: Moonshot AI


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: president
Target surface form: president
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for <t>president</t> than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=president%1:18:01:: | definition=an executive officer of a firm or corporation
2. sense_key=president%1:18:04:: | definition=the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government | synonyms=President of the United States, United States President, Chief Executive | examples=the President likes to jog every morning
3. sense_key=president%1:18:00:: | definition=the chief executive of a republic
4. sense_key=president%1:18:03:: | definition=the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization | synonyms=chairman, chairwoman, chair, chairperson | examples=address your remarks to the chairperson
5. sense_key=president%1:18:02:: | definition=the head administrative officer of a college or university | synonyms=prexy
6. sense_key=president%1:04:04:: | definition=the office of the United States head of state | synonyms=President of the United States, Chief Executive | examples=a President is elected every four years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "president" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text discusses "GOP congressional hopeful", "Democratic presidential candidate", "White House", "races for president", "Goldwater presidential candidacy", "GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote for president"
 - The target word "president" appears in the phrase "vote for president"
 - This is clearly referring to the office of the President of the United States, specifically in the context of elections and voting.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. president%1:18:01:: - an executive officer of a firm or corporation (business context, not this)
 2. president%1:18:04:: - the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government (synonyms: President of the United States, United States President, Chief Executive)
 3. president%1:18:00:: - the chief executive of a republic (general republic president, not specific to US)
 4. president%1:18:03:: - the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization (synonyms: chairman, etc.)
 5. president%1:18:02:: - the head administrative officer of a college or university (synonyms: prexy)
 6. president%1:04:04:: - the office of the United States head of state (this is the office/position itself, not the person)

 The context is about voting for "president" in US elections. The phrase is "popular vote for president".

 Looking at sense 2: "the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government" - this refers to the person.
 Looking at sense 6: "the office of the United States head of state" - this refers to the office/position itself.

 The text says "vote for president" - this could be ambiguous between the person and the office, but typically when we say "vote for president" in the US context, we mean voting for the person who will become President.

 However, looking closely at the specific sentence: "the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote for <t>president</t> than it has of congressional seats"

 Here "vote for president" is comparing vote shares. In political science contexts, "vote for president" usually refers to the votes cast for the presidential candidate/office.

 But let's look at the sense keys:
 - Sense 2 is president%1:18:04:: (noun.person - the person)
 - Sense 6 is president%1:04:04:: (noun.act - the office)

 Actually, looking at the WordNet lexicographer file numbers:
 - 1:18 refers to noun.person
 - 1:04 refers to noun.act

 In the context "popular vote for president", we're talking about votes cast for the office/position of president. However, in common parlance, we say "vote for the president" meaning the person.

 But wait, looking at the examples for sense 6: "a President is elected every four years" - this treats President as the office.

 For sense 2: "the President likes to jog every morning" - this treats President as the person holding the office.

 In the phrase "vote for president", it's referring to the election for the office of the president. But actually, looking at the context more carefully:

 "the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote for president"

 This is comparing the vote share for the presidential election vs congressional elections. The word "president" here refers to the office/position being voted for, but actually, it's referring to the race/candidate.

 Actually, looking at standard WordNet disambiguation:
 - Sense 2 (president%1:18:04::) is the person who is President of the US.
 - Sense 6 (president%1:04:04::) is the office itself.

 When we say "vote for president", we are voting for the person who will fill the office. However, in the context of "popular vote for president", this is often categorized as referring to the office.

 But let me reconsider. The text mentions:
 - "Democratic presidential candidate"
 - "choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives"
 - "races for president"
 - "Goldwater presidential candidacy"
 - "popular vote for president"

 The word "president" in "popular vote for president" is parallel to "congressional seats" and "popular vote for Congress".

 "Congress" is a legislative body (noun.group), and "president" here is being used as the executive counterpart. But "president" in this context refers to the office of the US President.

 However, looking at the specific sense 6 definition: "the office of the United States head of state" - this seems to fit "vote for president" (voting for the office).

 But sense 2 is "the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government".

 In the phrase "vote for president", we are technically voting for a person (the candidate), but the position is what's being contested.

 Actually, looking at WordNet examples:
 - Sense 2 example: "the President likes to jog every morning" - specific person
 - Sense 6 example: "a President is elected every four years" - the office/position

 In "popular vote for president", it's referring to the votes cast in the election for the office of president. This aligns with sense 6.

 But wait, looking at the word "president" in isolation in the sentence: "popular vote for <t>president</t>"

 If I replace with synonyms:
 - Sense 2: "popular vote for the person who holds the office of head of state" - awkward
 - Sense 6: "popular vote for the office of the United States head of state" - makes sense

 Also, compare with "congressional seats" (the positions) vs "popular vote for Congress" (the body/institution).

 Actually, "vote for Congress" means voting for members of Congress (the people), just as "vote for president" means voting for the President (the person).

 But in WordNet, sense 2 is specifically the person holding the office, while sense 6 is the office itself.

 Let me check the context again. The text says: "In every presidential election over the past half century... the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats..."

 Here "president" is contrasted with "congressional seats". "Seats" are positions/offices. So "president" here is likely referring to the office (sense 6).

 However, "presidential candidate" earlier in the text uses "presidential" which is the adjective form, suggesting the noun refers to the person.

 But looking at the target word specifically: it's "president" not "President" (though case doesn't always matter in WSD).

 Let me look at the sense indices provided:
 1. president%1:18:01:: - corporate executive
 2. president%1:18:04:: - US President (person)
 3. president%1:18:00:: - chief executive of a republic (general)
 4. president%1:18:03:: - chairperson
 5. president%1:18:02:: - university president
 6. president%1:04:04:: - the office of US head of state

 The context is clearly about the United States ("GOP", "Mississippi", "Democratic", "White House", "House of Representatives", "Goldwater").

 So it's either sense 2 or sense 6.

 Sense 2 = the person (President of the United States)
 Sense 6 = the office (President of the United States)

 In the phrase "vote for president", standard interpretation in political science is that this refers to the election for the office. However, WordNet might distinguish between the person and the office.

 Let me think about how WordNet handles this. Usually:
 - "The President signed the bill" -> sense 2 (the person)
 - "He ran for President" -> could be sense 2 or 6
 - "The President is elected every four years" -> sense 6 (the office)

 In "popular vote for president", this is analogous to "he ran for president". When you run for president, you are running for the office (sense 6) but to become the person (sense 2).

 However, looking at the specific wording "popular vote for president", this is a standard phrase referring to the votes cast in the presidential election.

 Actually, looking at the sentence structure: "popular vote for president" vs "popular vote for Congress".

 "Congress" is a noun.group (the legislative body). "President" here is being used as the office/institution.

 But wait, "Congress" in WordNet is the institution, while "congressional seats" are the positions.

 I think the key is that "president" here refers to the office (sense 6) because:
 1. It's parallel to "congressional seats" (offices/positions)
 2. The phrase is "vote for president" meaning voting to fill the office
 3. The context discusses the election for the office

 However, I'm not entirely sure. Let me reconsider sense 2. If the text said "vote for the President", that would clearly be sense 2. But "vote for president" (lowercase, generic) might be sense 6.

 Actually, looking at the text, it's "vote for <t>president</t>" - the capitalization isn't specified in the context provided, but typically in running text it might be lowercase when referring to the office in general.

 But the strongest clue is the contrast with "congressional seats". You vote to fill a seat (office), and you vote to fill the office of president. So sense 6 seems correct.

 Wait, but looking at the examples for sense 2: "the President likes to jog every morning" - this is the specific holder.
 For sense 6: "a President is elected every four years" - this is the office.

 "Popular vote for president" - this is about the election, so it aligns with sense 6.

 But I should verify if there's any other clue. The text mentions "Goldwater presidential candidacy" - Goldwater was a candidate for the office of President.

 I think sense 6 (index 6) is the best choice.

 Wait, looking at the indices in the candidate list:
 1. sense_key=president%1:18:01::
 2. sense_key=president%1:18:04::
 3. sense_key=president%1:18:00::
 4. sense_key=president%1:18:03::
 5. sense_key=president%1:18:02::
 6. sense_key=president%1:04:04::

 So if I choose sense 6, the index is 6.

 But let me double-check. Could it be sense 2?

 If I say "popular vote for the President", that's sense 2.
 If I say "popular vote for president", that's ambiguous.

 However, in the context of US politics and comparing to "congressional seats", and given that sense 6 specifically mentions "the office of the United States head of state", while sense 2 is "the person who holds the office", and given that votes are cast to determine who holds the office (i.e., to fill the office), sense 6 seems more appropriate.

 Also, note that sense 6 has the synonym "Chief Executive" (the office), while sense 2 has "Chief Executive" (the person).

 Actually, looking carefully at the synonyms:
 Sense 2: President of the United States, United States President, Chief Executive
 Sense 6: President of the United States, Chief Executive

 Both have "Chief Executive" but sense 2 is the person, sense 6 is the office.

 In the phrase "vote for president", we are voting for someone to become the Chief Executive (office).

 I think sense 6 is correct.

 But I want to check if there's any chance it's sense 3 (chief executive of a republic). The context is specifically US ("GOP", "Mississippi", "White House"), so the US-specific sense (2 or 6) is better than the general republic sense (3).

 Between 2 and 6, I lean toward 6.

 Actually, looking at the sentence again: "the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote for president"

 This is saying the GOP got X% of the vote in the presidential election. The "vote for president" is the vote cast in the election for the office of president.

 Yes, sense 6.

 Final check: Is there any reason it would be sense 2? Only if "president" refers to the specific person currently holding office or the person being voted for as an individual. But in the aggregate "popular vote for president", it's referring to the election for the office.

 Therefore, the answer is index 6.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: seat
Target surface form: seats
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional <t>seats</t> or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=seat%1:15:01:: | definition=a space reserved for sitting (as in a theater or on a train or airplane) | synonyms=place | examples=he booked their seats in advance; he sat in someone else's place
2. sense_key=seat%1:08:00:: | definition=the fleshy part of the human body that you sit on | synonyms=buttocks, nates, arse, butt, backside, bum | examples=he deserves a good kick in the butt; are you going to sit on your fanny and do nothing?
3. sense_key=seat%1:06:01:: | definition=furniture that is designed for sitting on | examples=there were not enough seats for all the guests
4. sense_key=seat%1:06:00:: | definition=any support where you can sit (especially the part of a chair or bench etc. on which you sit) | examples=he dusted off the seat before sitting down
5. sense_key=seat%1:15:00:: | definition=a center of authority (as a city from which authority is exercised)
6. sense_key=seat%1:15:02:: | definition=the location (metaphorically speaking) where something is based | examples=the brain is said to be the seat of reason
7. sense_key=seat%1:07:00:: | definition=the legal right to sit as a member in a legislative or similar body | examples=he was elected to a seat in the Senate
8. sense_key=seat%1:06:03:: | definition=a part of a machine that supports or guides another part
9. sense_key=seat%1:06:02:: | definition=the cloth covering for the buttocks | examples=the seat of his pants was worn through

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "seats" in the given context.

Context analysis:
The text is about political elections, specifically discussing how the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote for president than it has of congressional "seats" or the popular vote for Congress.

The phrase "congressional seats" refers to positions in the legislative body (House of Representatives/Senate).

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. seat%1:15:01:: - a space reserved for sitting (like in a theater) - not relevant
2. seat%1:08:00:: - the fleshy part of the body (buttocks) - not relevant
3. seat%1:06:01:: - furniture for sitting - not relevant
4. seat%1:06:00:: - support for sitting (part of chair) - not relevant
5. seat%1:15:00:: - a center of authority (city) - not quite right
6. seat%1:15:02:: - location where something is based (metaphorical) - close but not exact
7. seat%1:07:00:: - the legal right to sit as a member in a legislative or similar body - this fits perfectly! Examples include "he was elected to a seat in the Senate"
8. seat%1:06:03:: - part of a machine - not relevant
9. seat%1:06:02:: - cloth covering for buttocks - not relevant

Sense 7 is the correct one: "the legal right to sit as a member in a legislative or similar body" with the example "he was elected to a seat in the Senate". This matches "congressional seats" perfectly.

The output should be: {"sense_index": 7}

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: popular
Target surface form: popular
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the <t>popular</t> vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=popular%3:00:00:: | definition=regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public | examples=a popular tourist attraction; a popular girl
2. sense_key=popular%5:00:00:democratic:00 | definition=carried on by or for the people (or citizens) at large | examples=the popular vote; popular representation
3. sense_key=popular%5:00:01:common:01 | definition=representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large | synonyms=democratic | examples=democratic art forms; a democratic or popular movement
4. sense_key=popular%5:00:00:nonclassical:00 | definition=(of music or art) new and of general appeal (especially among young people) | synonyms=pop

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "popular" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text discusses political elections, specifically comparing presidential elections and congressional elections.
 - The target phrase is "popular vote for Congress"
 - The sentence says: "the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress"

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=popular%3:00:00:: | definition=regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public | examples=a popular tourist attraction; a popular girl
    - This refers to being well-liked or favored by people in general.
    - In the context of "popular vote", this doesn't fit because "popular vote" is a technical term in elections referring to the total number of votes cast by the electorate, not about being well-liked.

 2. sense_key=popular%5:00:00:democratic:00 | definition=carried on by or for the people (or citizens) at large | examples=the popular vote; popular representation
    - This sense specifically mentions "the popular vote" as an example.
    - Definition: carried on by or for the people at large.
    - In election contexts, "popular vote" refers to the vote of the people as opposed to electoral college votes or other indirect methods.
    - This seems to fit perfectly with "popular vote for Congress".

 3. sense_key=popular%5:00:01:common:01 | definition=representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large | synonyms=democratic | examples=democratic art forms; a democratic or popular movement
    - This is about representing or appealing to the people.
    - While related, the specific phrase "popular vote" is explicitly listed under sense 2, not this one.

 4. sense_key=popular%5:00:00:nonclassical:00 | definition=(of music or art) new and of general appeal (especially among young people) | synonyms=pop
    - This is about pop culture/music/art.
    - Not relevant to the political context.

 The phrase "popular vote" is a technical term in political science and elections. It refers to the vote cast by the eligible voters (the people), as opposed to electoral votes or votes by representatives.

 Sense 2 explicitly lists "the popular vote" as an example, and the definition "carried on by or for the people (or citizens) at large" fits the context of electoral voting.

 Therefore, the correct sense is sense 2 (index 2).

 Wait, let me double-check the indexing. The user lists:
 1. sense_key=popular%3:00:00::
 2. sense_key=popular%5:00:00:democratic:00
 3. sense_key=popular%5:00:01:common:01
 4. sense_key=popular%5:00:00:nonclassical:00

 So sense 2 is the one with "the popular vote" example.

 The context is clearly about the "popular vote" in the technical electoral sense - comparing the GOP's percentage of the popular vote for president vs the popular vote for Congress.

 Therefore, the answer should be {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: vote
Target surface form: vote
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular <t>vote</t> for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=vote%1:04:00:: | definition=a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative | synonyms=ballot, voting, balloting | examples=there were only 17 votes in favor of the motion; they allowed just one vote per person
2. sense_key=vote%1:04:01:: | definition=the opinion of a group as determined by voting | examples=they put the question to a vote
3. sense_key=vote%1:07:00:: | definition=a legal right guaranteed by the 15th amendment to the US Constitution; guaranteed to women by the 19th amendment | synonyms=right to vote, suffrage | examples=American women got the vote in 1920
4. sense_key=vote%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of voters who have the same interests | examples=he failed to get the Black vote
5. sense_key=vote%1:09:00:: | definition=the total number of voters who participated | synonyms=voter turnout | examples=they are expecting a large vote

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "vote" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text discusses political elections, specifically comparing presidential elections vs congressional elections
 - The specific sentence containing the target word is: "In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular <t>vote</t> for Congress."
 - The phrase is "popular vote for Congress"
 - This refers to the total number of votes cast or the act of voting, not the right to vote, not a body of voters, etc.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=vote%1:04:00:: | definition=a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative | synonyms=ballot, voting, balloting | examples=there were only 17 votes in favor of the motion; they allowed just one vote per person
 - This seems to refer to the act of voting or the process of voting, or individual votes. The example "they allowed just one vote per person" suggests individual ballots/choices.

 2. sense_key=vote%1:04:01:: | definition=the opinion of a group as determined by voting | examples=they put the question to a vote
 - This refers to the collective decision or the act of putting something to a vote.

 3. sense_key=vote%1:07:00:: | definition=a legal right guaranteed by the 15th amendment to the US Constitution; guaranteed to women by the 19th amendment | synonyms=right to vote, suffrage | examples=American women got the vote in 1920
 - This is about the right to vote (suffrage).

 4. sense_key=vote%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of voters who have the same interests | examples=he failed to get the Black vote
 - This refers to a demographic group of voters.

 5. sense_key=vote%1:09:00:: | definition=the total number of voters who participated | synonyms=voter turnout | examples=they are expecting a large vote
 - This refers to the total number of votes cast or voter turnout.

 Now, looking at the context: "the popular vote for Congress"
 - "Popular vote" typically means the total number of votes cast by the electorate, as opposed to electoral votes or seats won.
 - The sentence compares "percentage of the major-party popular vote for president" with "the popular vote for Congress"
 - This is referring to the aggregate number of votes, the total votes cast.

 Sense 5 says "the total number of voters who participated" with synonym "voter turnout". This seems closest to "popular vote" which means the total votes cast.

 However, let me reconsider sense 1: "a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative" - this could also fit, as "popular vote" refers to the collective choices expressed.

 But looking more carefully:
 - Sense 1 examples: "there were only 17 votes in favor of the motion" - this treats votes as countable items (individual ballots/choices)
 - Sense 5: "the total number of voters who participated" - this is about the aggregate turnout

 "Popular vote" specifically refers to the total number of votes cast for a candidate or party. In the phrase "percentage of the... popular vote", it's referring to the share of the total votes cast.

 Actually, looking at WordNet sense 1: "a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative" - this seems to be the act or result of voting, the collective choice.

 Sense 5 is specifically about the total number of voters who participated (voter turnout).

 In the context: "captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote for president"
 - This means they got a higher percentage of the total votes cast.
 - This is similar to "vote" meaning the total votes cast or the collective votes.

 Let me check the WordNet definitions more carefully. In WordNet:
 - vote#n#1: a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative; "there were only 17 votes in favor of the motion"
 - vote#n#5: the total number of voters who participated; "they are expecting a large vote"

 "Popular vote" is the total number of votes cast by voters. So sense 5 seems appropriate.

 But wait, "popular vote" is a specific term. Let me think about whether sense 1 or sense 5 is better.

 Sense 1 focuses on the choice/alternative aspect.
 Sense 5 focuses on the quantity/turnout aspect.

 In "percentage of the popular vote", we're talking about a proportion of the total votes cast. This aligns with sense 5 (total number).

 However, looking at the example for sense 1: "there were only 17 votes in favor of the motion" - this treats votes as countable units that can be totaled.

 Actually, looking at standard WordNet sense distinctions:
 - Sense 1 (vote%1:04:00) is the act of voting or the collective decision (the vote was 17 to 3)
 - Sense 5 (vote%1:09:00) is the turnout (a large vote expected)

 In the context: "popular vote for Congress" - this refers to the aggregate votes cast for congressional candidates, i.e., the total number of votes.

 But I should also consider sense 1. The phrase "popular vote" could be interpreted as the collective choice expressed by the people.

 Let me look at the exact wording again: "the popular <t>vote</t> for Congress"

 The word "vote" here is part of the phrase "popular vote", which means the votes cast by the people as opposed to electoral votes.

 In political science contexts, "popular vote" refers to the sum of all individual votes cast.

 Between sense 1 and sense 5:
 - Sense 1: "a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative" - this could work, as the popular vote is the choice determined by counting.
 - Sense 5: "the total number of voters who participated" - this also works, as popular vote refers to the total number.

 However, sense 5 is specifically about the quantity of participation (voter turnout), while sense 1 is about the decision/result.

 In the sentence: "captured a greater percentage of the... popular vote"
 - This is about the share of votes received, not just the turnout number.
 - But "vote" here refers to the total pool of ballots cast.

 Actually, looking at WordNet examples:
 - Sense 1: "there were only 17 votes in favor of the motion" - votes as individual units
 - Sense 5: "they are expecting a large vote" - vote as the aggregate turnout

 In "popular vote", we mean the aggregate of all votes cast. But the specific usage here is "percentage of the... vote", which suggests the word "vote" refers to the total collection of votes cast.

 I think sense 5 is the best fit because:
 1. It refers to the total number of voters/votes (the aggregate)
 2. The phrase "large vote" in the example is similar to "popular vote" in that both refer to the magnitude of participation
 3. The context is comparing percentages of this total across different elections

 Wait, but sense 1 could also work: "a choice that is made by counting..." - the popular vote is literally the choice made by the populace counting their preferences.

 Let me reconsider the WordNet hierarchy:
 - Sense 1 is under noun.communication (1:04) - acts of communication/verbal acts
 - Sense 5 is under noun.quantity (1:09) - quantities/amounts

 "Popular vote" as a quantity (total number) fits sense 5.
 "Popular vote" as a choice/decision fits sense 1.

 But in the phrase "percentage of the popular vote", we're treating it as a quantity (the total number of votes cast), of which a percentage was captured.

 However, looking at actual usage, "popular vote" is typically sense 1 - the collective choice expressed by ballot.

 Let me check the other senses to be sure:
 - Sense 2: "the opinion of a group as determined by voting" - similar to sense 1 but more about the opinion. Example: "they put the question to a vote" - this is about the process/decision mechanism.
 - Sense 3: right to vote (suffrage) - not this.
 - Sense 4: body of voters (the Black vote) - not this, though close. But "popular vote" isn't a demographic group.

 So it's between 1, 2, and 5.

 Sense 2 example: "they put the question to a vote" - this is about submitting something for a decision.
 The text says "popular vote for Congress" - this isn't putting a question to a vote, it's referring to the votes already cast.

 Between 1 and 5:
 Sense 1: "a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative"
 - This emphasizes the choice aspect.
 - Example: "17 votes in favor" - counting individual votes.

 Sense 5: "the total number of voters who participated"
 - This emphasizes the participation count.
 - Example: "large vote" meaning high turnout.

 In "popular vote for Congress", are we talking about:
 A) The total number of people who voted for Congress (turnout)?
 B) The collective expression of preference (the choice)?

 The phrase is "captured a greater percentage of the... popular vote"
 - This means they got X% of the total votes.
 - This is about the share of the total votes cast.

 I think sense 1 is actually the better fit. In "percentage of the vote", "vote" refers to the total votes cast (the ballots), which is a countable noun (sense 1). Sense 5 is specifically about the turnout number itself (expecting a large vote = expecting high turnout).

 But let me look at the WordNet definitions again carefully.

 WordNet vote#n#1: "a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative" - synonyms: ballot, voting, balloting
 WordNet vote#n#5: "the total number of voters who participated" - synonyms: voter turnout

 In the context: "the popular vote for Congress"
 - This is synonymous with "the popular ballot for Congress" or "the popular balloting for Congress"? Not quite.
 - "Popular vote" means the votes cast by the people.

 Actually, looking at dictionary definitions:
 - Popular vote: the vote of the people, as opposed to an electoral college; also, the aggregate of the votes cast.

 If we interpret "vote" here as the aggregate of votes cast, sense 5 seems appropriate.

 But consider: "they captured 40% of the popular vote"
 - This is like saying "they captured 40% of the vote"
 - "Vote" here means the total votes cast.

 In WordNet, sense 5 is specifically "the total number of voters who participated". This is exactly what "popular vote" refers to - the total number of votes cast by voters.

 However, sense 1 is "a choice that is made by counting..." which is the result of the election.

 I think the distinction is:
 - Sense 1: the decision/result (the vote was 17-3)
 - Sense 5: the turnout (a heavy vote)

 In "percentage of the popular vote", we are talking about a proportion of the total ballots cast. This is closest to sense 5.

 But I'm not entirely sure. Let me think about "popular vote" in other contexts.
 - "He won the popular vote but lost the electoral college."
 - Here, "popular vote" means the majority of the total votes cast.

 Is this sense 1 or 5?
 - It's the total number of votes (sense 5).
 - But it's also the choice made (sense 1).

 Actually, looking at WordNet sense 1 examples again: "there were only 17 votes in favor of the motion"
 This treats votes as individual items.

 Sense 5: "they are expecting a large vote" - this treats vote as a mass noun or collective noun referring to the turnout.

 In "popular vote", it's used as a mass noun: "the popular vote" (singular).
 This aligns with sense 5 (the total number).

 But wait, sense 1 can also be used as "the vote" meaning the collective decision: "the vote was close."

 Let me look at the exact context one more time:
 "captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress."

 Here, "popular vote" is contrasted with "congressional seats".
 - Seats are the result of the election (the representation).
 - Popular vote is the raw number of votes.

 This suggests sense 5 (the total number of voters/votes).

 However, in political science, "popular vote" is often considered sense 1 - the choice expressed by the people.

 But given the WordNet definitions:
 - Sense 1: "a choice that is made by counting..." - this is the act of choosing or the result.
 - Sense 5: "the total number of voters who participated" - this is the turnout.

 The phrase "percentage of the... vote" strongly suggests we're talking about a fraction of the total votes cast. The total votes cast is sense 5.

 I think the answer is sense 5.

 Wait, I should double-check if there's any other interpretation.

 Could it be sense 4? "a body of voters who have the same interests" - "the popular vote" as in the voting public? No, that doesn't fit "percentage of the popular vote."

 Could it be sense 2? "the opinion of a group as determined by voting" - "captured a percentage of the opinion"? No.

 So it's between 1 and 5.

 Let me search my internal knowledge of WordNet disambiguation tasks. In many WSD datasets, "popular vote" is often tagged as sense 1 (the choice/ballot sense).

 But let's look at the logic:
 - "Vote" in "popular vote" refers to the ballots cast.
 - Sense 1: ballot (synonym)
 - Sense 5: voter turnout

 "Ballot" is a better synonym for "vote" in "popular vote" than "voter turnout" is.

 "Popular vote" = the vote of the people = the ballots cast by the people.

 Also, consider: "the popular vote for Congress" - this parallels "congressional seats". Just as seats are what you win in Congress, the popular vote is what you win in the election (but it's the raw vote count, not the seats).

 Actually, looking at the WordNet entry for vote:
 - Sense 1 has synonym "ballot"
 - A ballot is a device used to cast votes, or the vote itself.

 I think sense 1 is correct. The "popular vote" refers to the votes (ballots) cast by the people.

 Sense 5 is specifically about the number of participants (turnout), not the votes themselves. While related, "popular vote" emphasizes the votes cast, not just the number of people showing up.

 For example:
 - "The vote was large" (sense 5 - high turnout)
 - "They got 40% of the vote" (sense 1 - 40% of the ballots)

 In "percentage of the... vote", it's sense 1.

 Therefore, the answer should be sense 1.

 But let me reconsider the examples for sense 1: "there were only 17 votes in favor of the motion"
 This is counting votes.

 And for sense 5: "they are expecting a large vote"
 This is about the size of the vote (turnout).

 In "percentage of the popular vote", we are counting votes (what percentage), so sense 1.

 Final decision: sense 1.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: opposite
Target surface form: opposite
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the <t>opposite</t>. What accounts for the results of recent decades?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=opposite%1:10:00:: | definition=a word that expresses a meaning opposed to the meaning of another word, in which case the two words are antonyms of each other | synonyms=antonym, opposite word | examples=to him the antonym of `gay' was `depressed'
2. sense_key=opposite%1:24:03:: | definition=a relation of direct opposition | synonyms=reverse, contrary | examples=we thought Sue was older than Bill but just the reverse was true
3. sense_key=opposite%1:18:00:: | definition=a contestant that you are matched against | synonyms=opposition, opponent
4. sense_key=opposite%1:24:04:: | definition=something inverted in sequence or character or effect | synonyms=inverse | examples=when the direct approach failed he tried the inverse

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "opposite" in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
The text is discussing political voting patterns. It mentions that in recent decades, voters tend to favor Republicans more in presidential races than in congressional races. Then it says: "Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the <t>opposite</t>."

So here, "opposite" is referring to the pattern being reversed or contrary to the current pattern. The current pattern is: GOP does better in presidential elections than in congressional elections. Prior to 1932, the pattern was the opposite - meaning the reverse or contrary pattern.

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=opposite%1:10:00:: - This is about words/antonyms. Definition: "a word that expresses a meaning opposed to the meaning of another word". This is about linguistic terms, not about patterns or situations. Doesn't fit.

2. sense_key=opposite%1:24:03:: - Definition: "a relation of direct opposition". Synonyms: reverse, contrary. Examples: "we thought Sue was older than Bill but just the reverse was true". This seems to fit well. The pattern prior to 1932 was the reverse/contrary of the current pattern.

3. sense_key=opposite%1:18:00:: - Definition: "a contestant that you are matched against". This is about opponents in a competition. Doesn't fit the context of patterns.

4. sense_key=opposite%1:24:04:: - Definition: "something inverted in sequence or character or effect". Synonyms: inverse. Examples: "when the direct approach failed he tried the inverse". This is close, but "inverse" usually implies a mathematical or logical inversion, while "reverse" or "contrary" fits better for describing opposing patterns in voting behavior.

Between sense 2 and sense 4:
Sense 2 (opposite%1:24:03::) has synonyms "reverse, contrary" and the example shows it being used for situations/thoughts being reversed.
Sense 4 (opposite%1:24:04::) has synonym "inverse" and refers to sequence inversion.

In the context, the author is saying the pattern was reversed - instead of GOP doing better in presidential than congressional, prior to 1932 it was the other way around (Democrats presumably doing better in presidential, or the pattern being reversed). This is a "reverse" or "contrary" pattern, not necessarily an "inverse" in the mathematical sense.

The phrase "the pattern was nearly the opposite" strongly aligns with sense 2: "a relation of direct opposition" with synonyms reverse/contrary.

Actually, looking more carefully at WordNet senses:
- opposite%1:24:03:: is "reverse, contrary" - a relation of direct opposition
- opposite%1:24:04:: is "inverse" - something inverted in sequence

In common usage, when we say "the opposite pattern" regarding historical trends, we mean the reverse or contrary pattern. This is sense 2.

Let me double-check the WordNet sense keys to make sure I understand the numbering:
- opposite%1:10:00:: - noun.communication (word/antonym)
- opposite%1:24:03:: - noun.relation (reverse, contrary)
- opposite%1:18:00:: - noun.person (opponent)
- opposite%1:24:04:: - noun.relation (inverse)

Yes, sense 2 is the correct choice. The context describes a pattern that is reversed/contrary to the current one.

The answer should be: {"sense_index": 2}

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: account_for
Target surface form: accounts for
Context:
In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What <t>accounts for</t> the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=account_for%2:42:00:: | definition=be the reason or explanation for | examples=The recession accounts for the slow retail business
2. sense_key=account_for%2:32:00:: | definition=give reasons for | examples=Can you account for all these absences?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target lemma "account_for" with the surface form "accounts for" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text discusses voting patterns in presidential vs congressional elections
 - It mentions that prior to 1932, the pattern was opposite to recent decades
 - Then asks: "What accounts for the results of recent decades?"
 - It suggests "A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation..."

 So the question is asking: What explains/causes the results of recent decades? The answer is an economic theory provides an explanation.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=account_for%2:42:00:: | definition=be the reason or explanation for | examples=The recession accounts for the slow retail business
    - This means "to be the explanation for" or "to explain"
    - Example: The recession (is the reason for/explains) the slow retail business

 2. sense_key=account_for%2:32:00:: | definition=give reasons for | examples=Can you account for all these absences?
    - This means "to provide an explanation for" or "justify"
    - Example: Can you explain/give reasons for all these absences?

 In the context: "What accounts for the results of recent decades?"
 This is asking "What explains the results?" or "What is the reason for the results?"

 The subject "What" is looking for the agent/cause that explains the results.

 In sense 1: X accounts for Y = X is the reason for Y (X explains Y)
 In sense 2: X accounts for Y = X explains Y / X gives reasons for Y

 Actually, looking more carefully:

 Sense 1: "be the reason or explanation for" - This is a stative usage where the subject IS the explanation.
 - Example: "The recession accounts for the slow retail business" = The recession is the reason for the slow retail business.

 Sense 2: "give reasons for" - This is an agentive usage where the subject PROVIDES an explanation.
 - Example: "Can you account for all these absences?" = Can you explain/give reasons for all these absences?

 In the context "What accounts for the results of recent decades?", the "what" is asking for the factor that IS the explanation/reason, not asking someone to provide an explanation. It's asking what factor explains these results.

 The following sentence says "A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation..." - this suggests that the "what" refers to potential explanatory factors (like the economic theory).

 So sense 1 fits best: "be the reason or explanation for"

 Sense 2 would fit if it were something like "Can you account for the results?" where someone is being asked to explain them.

 Let me double-check WordNet definitions if I can recall or infer them...

 Actually, looking at standard WordNet for "account_for":
 - One sense is "be the reason or explanation for" (like "The cracks in the building correspond to earthquake activity, so the earthquake accounts for the cracks")
 - Another is "explain, justify" (like "He accounted for his absence")

 The context "What accounts for..." with "what" as subject suggests sense 1 - where the subject is the explanation/reason itself.

 The answer should be sense 1 (index 1).

 Wait, the sense keys are:
 1. account_for%2:42:00::
 2. account_for%2:32:00::

 The indices in the JSON should be 1 or 2 based on the numbering given in "Candidate senses".

 So I should return {"sense_index": 1}.

 Let me verify once more:
 "What accounts for the results of recent decades?"
 = What explains the results of recent decades?
 = What is the reason for the results of recent decades?

 This matches sense 1 "be the reason or explanation for".

 Sense 2 would be "give reasons for" which would require an agent capable of giving reasons (a person), not an abstract "what" asking for a cause.

 Therefore, sense 1 is correct.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: result
Target surface form: results
Context:
In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the <t>results</t> of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=result%1:19:00:: | definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | synonyms=consequence, effect, outcome, event, issue, upshot | examples=the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise; his decision had depressing consequences for business
2. sense_key=result%1:10:00:: | definition=a statement that solves a problem or explains how to solve the problem | synonyms=solution, answer, resolution, solvent | examples=they were trying to find a peaceful solution; the answers were in the back of the book
3. sense_key=result%1:11:00:: | definition=something that results | synonyms=resultant, final result, outcome, termination | examples=he listened for the results on the radio
4. sense_key=result%1:10:01:: | definition=the semantic role of the noun phrase whose referent exists only by virtue of the activity denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=resultant role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "results" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text discusses presidential election years and congressional districts
 - It talks about voting patterns: percentages of districts choosing different parties for President vs House of Representatives
 - It mentions that prior to 1932 the pattern was opposite, and asks "What accounts for the <t>results</t> of recent decades?"
 - Then it suggests an economic theory may explain the "split personality" in voting

 So "results" here refers to the outcomes or consequences of the voting patterns/elections in recent decades.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=result%1:19:00:: | definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | synonyms=consequence, effect, outcome, event, issue, upshot
    - This seems like a general "consequence" or "outcome" sense. The "results of recent decades" would be the outcomes/consequences of the voting patterns described.

 2. sense_key=result%1:10:00:: | definition=a statement that solves a problem or explains how to solve the problem | synonyms=solution, answer, resolution, solvent
    - This is about solutions/answers to problems. Doesn't fit here. The text isn't asking about a solution, but about what explains the outcomes.

 3. sense_key=result%1:11:00:: | definition=something that results | synonyms=resultant, final result, outcome, termination | examples=he listened for the results on the radio
    - This seems to be about the end product or outcome of a process. The example "he listened for the results on the radio" suggests election results or similar. This could fit "results of recent decades" referring to election outcomes.

 4. sense_key=result%1:10:01:: | definition=the semantic role of the noun phrase whose referent exists only by virtue of the activity denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=resultant role
    - This is a technical linguistic term (semantic role). Not relevant here.

 Now I need to distinguish between sense 1 and sense 3.

 Sense 1 (result%1:19:00::): "a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon" - this is the causal/consequential sense. Synonyms: consequence, effect, outcome, event, issue, upshot.

 Sense 3 (result%1:11:00::): "something that results" - this is the end-product sense. Synonyms: resultant, final result, outcome, termination. Example: "he listened for the results on the radio" - this typically refers to election results, test results, etc.

 In the context: "What accounts for the results of recent decades?"
 - This is asking what explains the outcomes/patterns of the elections in recent decades.
 - "Results" here refers to the election outcomes or the observed patterns (the phenomena that followed from the voting behavior).

 However, looking closely at the example for sense 3: "he listened for the results on the radio" - this is clearly about election results or similar specific outcomes.

 But wait, let me look at the WordNet hierarchy:
 - Sense 1 is under noun.phenomenon (1:19)
 - Sense 3 is under noun.event (1:11) - actually, looking at the sense keys, 1:11 usually refers to noun.event or similar groupings.

 Actually, looking at WordNet structure:
 - result%1:19:00:: is likely the "consequence, effect" sense (phenomenon)
 - result%1:11:00:: is likely the "final result, outcome" sense (event/act)

 In the context "results of recent decades", referring to the voting patterns and outcomes of elections, this could be either:
 1. The consequences/outcomes (sense 1)
 3. The final results/outcomes (sense 3)

 But the example for sense 3 "he listened for the results on the radio" strongly suggests election results. This is exactly the kind of "results" we have in the text - election results.

 However, looking at the context more carefully: "What accounts for the results of recent decades?"
 - The text is discussing the phenomenon that in recent decades, voters split their tickets differently than before.
 - The "results" refers to the observed pattern/outcome of this voting behavior.

 But actually, looking at the gloss for sense 1: "a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon"
 - The voting patterns are phenomena caused by voter behavior.
 - This fits the causal chain: economic theory → split personality in voting → results (consequences/effects).

 And sense 3: "something that results" - this is more neutral, just the end product.

 In many WSD tasks for "result", sense 1 (consequence/effect) vs sense 3 (final result/outcome) is a subtle distinction.

 Let me look at the synonyms again:
 - Sense 1: consequence, effect, outcome, event, issue, upshot
 - Sense 3: resultant, final result, outcome, termination

 Both have "outcome" as a synonym.

 But the example for sense 3 is specifically about listening to results on the radio, which implies election results, sports results, etc. - the specific outcomes of competitions or events.

 In the text: "results of recent decades" - this refers to the outcomes of elections over recent decades. This is very similar to "he listened for the results on the radio."

 However, the question "What accounts for the results..." suggests looking for an explanation of why these outcomes occurred, which might lean toward sense 1 (consequence/causal).

 But actually, looking at standard WordNet disambiguation:
 - Sense 1 (result%1:19:00::) is the general "consequence" sense.
 - Sense 3 (result%1:11:00::) is the "final result" of a game, election, etc.

 The phrase "results of recent decades" in an election context strongly aligns with sense 3, especially given the example "he listened for the results on the radio."

 Wait, I should check if there's a pattern. In WordNet:
 - 1:19 is noun.phenomenon
 - 1:11 is noun.event

 Election results are typically sense 3 (the final outcome of the election).

 But let me reconsider the specific context. The text discusses:
 - percentages of districts choosing different parties
 - the GOP capturing percentages of votes
 - the pattern of voting

 Then asks "What accounts for the results of recent decades?"

 If "results" here means "election results" (the specific outcomes), then sense 3 is correct.
 If "results" here means "the consequences/outcomes of the changes in voting patterns", then sense 1 might be correct.

 However, looking at the surrounding text: "In every presidential election... the GOP has captured... Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the results of recent decades?"

 This is clearly referring to the election results (the outcomes of the voting) in recent decades. The author is asking what explains these election outcomes.

 Therefore, sense 3 (result%1:11:00::) seems most appropriate because:
 1. It refers to the final outcome of an event (elections)
 2. The example "he listened for the results on the radio" is almost certainly about election results
 3. While sense 1 could work, sense 3 is more specific to the concrete outcomes of competitions/events like elections

 Actually, looking at WordNet more carefully:
 result%1:11:00:: is "something that results" - this is often used for the result of a process, game, election, etc.
 result%1:19:00:: is "a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon" - this is more abstract, causal.

 In "What accounts for the results of recent decades?", the word "results" is referring to the observed outcomes of the elections. This is concrete.

 But I want to double-check. Let me think about "the results of the experiment" - would that be sense 1 or 3?
 - If it's the data/outcome of the experiment, it's likely sense 3.
 - If it's the effect/consequence of the experiment on something else, it might be sense 1.

 "Results of recent decades" = the outcomes that occurred in recent decades (the Republican vote shares, etc.).

 I think sense 3 is the best fit.

 Wait, I should look at the exact wording of the glosses again:
 1. "a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon"
 3. "something that results"

 And the examples:
 1. "the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise; his decision had depressing consequences for business"
 3. "he listened for the results on the radio"

 The example for sense 3 is clearly about election results or similar. The context is clearly about election results. Therefore, sense 3 is the correct choice.

 Final check: Is there any reason to choose sense 1?
 - If the text meant "What accounts for the consequences of recent decades?" - but that doesn't make as much sense. It's asking about the voting outcomes themselves, not their downstream effects.

 Therefore: {"sense_index": 3}