[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: vein
Target surface form: vein
Context:
This document is a summary of the European Public Assessment Report (EPAR). It explains how the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) assessed the studies performed, to reach their recommendations on how to use the medicine. If you need more information about your medical condition or your treatment, read the Package Leaflet (also part of the EPAR) or contact your doctor or pharmacist. If you want more information on the basis of the CHMP recommendations, read the Scientific Discussion (also part of the EPAR). What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a <t>vein</t>). It contains the active substance pemetrexed.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=vein%1:08:00:: | definition=a blood vessel that carries blood from the capillaries toward the heart | synonyms=vena, venous blood vessel | examples=all veins except the pulmonary vein carry unaerated blood
2. sense_key=vein%1:10:00:: | definition=a distinctive style or manner | examples=he continued in this vein for several minutes
3. sense_key=vein%1:20:00:: | definition=any of the vascular bundles or ribs that form the branching framework of conducting and supporting tissues in a leaf or other plant organ | synonyms=nervure
4. sense_key=vein%1:17:00:: | definition=a layer of ore between layers of rock | synonyms=mineral vein
5. sense_key=vein%1:05:00:: | definition=one of the horny ribs that stiffen and support the wing of an insect | synonyms=nervure

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "vein" in the given context.

Context analysis:
- The text is about a medicine called Alimta
- "Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a <t>vein</t>)."
- This is clearly a medical context where a solution is infused/dripped into a vein (blood vessel).

Candidate senses:
1. vein%1:08:00:: - a blood vessel that carries blood from the capillaries toward the heart (vena, venous blood vessel)
2. vein%1:10:00:: - a distinctive style or manner
3. vein%1:20:00:: - vascular bundles in a leaf or plant organ
4. vein%1:17:00:: - a layer of ore between layers of rock
5. vein%1:05:00:: - one of the horny ribs that stiffen an insect wing

The context is medical - dripping a medicine solution into a vein. This is clearly sense 1, the anatomical blood vessel.

I need to return only a JSON object: {"sense_index": 1}

Wait, let me double-check the indexing. The user lists them as:
1. sense_key=vein%1:08:00:: ...
2. sense_key=vein%1:10:00:: ...
3. sense_key=vein%1:20:00:: ...
4. sense_key=vein%1:17:00:: ...
5. sense_key=vein%1:05:00:: ...

So sense 1 is the blood vessel sense. This is definitely the correct one.

The instructions say:
- Do not answer with a WordNet sense key
- Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}

So I should return {"sense_index": 1}


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: contain
Target surface form: contains
Context:
It explains how the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) assessed the studies performed, to reach their recommendations on how to use the medicine. If you need more information about your medical condition or your treatment, read the Package Leaflet (also part of the EPAR) or contact your doctor or pharmacist. If you want more information on the basis of the CHMP recommendations, read the Scientific Discussion (also part of the EPAR). What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It <t>contains</t> the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=contain%2:42:00:: | definition=include or contain; have as a component | synonyms=incorporate, comprise | examples=A totally new idea is comprised in this paper; The record contains many old songs from the 1930's
2. sense_key=contain%2:42:13:: | definition=contain or hold; have within | synonyms=hold, bear, carry | examples=The jar carries wine; The canteen holds fresh water
3. sense_key=contain%2:41:00:: | definition=lessen the intensity of; temper; hold in restraint; hold or keep within limits | synonyms=control, hold in, hold, check, curb, moderate | examples=moderate your alcohol intake; hold your tongue
4. sense_key=contain%2:42:06:: | definition=be divisible by | examples=24 contains 6
5. sense_key=contain%2:42:14:: | definition=be capable of holding or containing | synonyms=take, hold | examples=This box won't take all the items; The flask holds one gallon
6. sense_key=contain%2:33:00:: | definition=hold back, as of a danger or an enemy; check the expansion or influence of | synonyms=check, turn back, arrest, stop, hold back | examples=Arrest the downward trend; Check the growth of communism in South East Asia

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "contains" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The sentence is: "It <t>contains</t> the active substance pemetrexed."
 - "It" refers to "Alimta" which is described as "a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion"
 - The meaning is that Alimta has pemetrexed as a component/ingredient
 - This is about composition/constituents

 Looking at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=contain%2:42:00:: | definition=include or contain; have as a component | synonyms=incorporate, comprise | examples=A totally new idea is comprised in this paper; The record contains many old songs from the 1930's
 - This fits well. It means "have as a component" - the medicine has the active substance as a component.

 2. sense_key=contain%2:42:13:: | definition=contain or hold; have within | synonyms=hold, bear, carry | examples=The jar carries wine; The canteen holds fresh water
 - This is about physical holding/carrying capacity. While a medicine "holds" a substance, sense 1 is more specific about components/ingredients.

 3. sense_key=contain%2:41:00:: | definition=lessen the intensity of; temper; hold in restraint | synonyms=control, hold in, hold, check, curb, moderate
 - This is about controlling/restraining. Not relevant here.

 4. sense_key=contain%2:42:06:: | definition=be divisible by
 - Mathematical sense. Not relevant.

 5. sense_key=contain%2:42:14:: | definition=be capable of holding or containing | synonyms=take, hold | examples=This box won't take all the items; The flask holds one gallon
 - This is about capacity/volume. Not about composition.

 6. sense_key=contain%2:33:00:: | definition=hold back, as of a danger or an enemy
 - Military/restraint sense. Not relevant.

 Between sense 1 and sense 2:
 - Sense 1 emphasizes "have as a component" - composition
 - Sense 2 emphasizes "hold within" - physical containment

 In pharmaceutical contexts, when we say a medicine "contains" an active substance, we mean it includes/comprises that substance as a component/ingredient. This is sense 1.

 The examples for sense 1: "The record contains many old songs" - similarly, Alimta contains pemetrexed.

 So the best choice is sense index 1.

 Wait, let me double-check the sense keys and indices:
 - The user lists them as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
 - Sense 1: contain%2:42:00:: (include or contain; have as a component)
 - Sense 2: contain%2:42:13:: (contain or hold; have within)

 Actually, looking at WordNet, the most common sense for "contain" when talking about ingredients/components is indeed the "include or contain; have as a component" sense.

 The sentence "It contains the active substance pemetrexed" clearly means "It includes/has as a component the active substance pemetrexed."

 Therefore, sense_index: 1 is correct.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: StreamLake

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: active
Target surface form: active
Context:
It explains how the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) assessed the studies performed, to reach their recommendations on how to use the medicine. If you need more information about your medical condition or your treatment, read the Package Leaflet (also part of the EPAR) or contact your doctor or pharmacist. If you want more information on the basis of the CHMP recommendations, read the Scientific Discussion (also part of the EPAR). What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the <t>active</t> substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=active%3:00:02:: | definition=tending to become more severe or wider in scope | examples=active tuberculosis
2. sense_key=active%5:00:00:operational:00 | definition=engaged in or ready for military or naval operations | synonyms=combat-ready, fighting | examples=on active duty; the platoon is combat-ready
3. sense_key=active%3:00:03:: | definition=disposed to take action or effectuate change | examples=a director who takes an active interest in corporate operations; an active antagonism
4. sense_key=active%5:00:00:involved:00 | definition=taking part in an activity | synonyms=participating | examples=an active member of the club; he was politically active
5. sense_key=active%3:00:01:: | definition=characterized by energetic activity | examples=an active toddler; active as a gazelle
6. sense_key=active%3:00:07:: | definition=exerting influence or producing a change or effect | examples=an active ingredient
7. sense_key=active%3:00:06:: | definition=full of activity or engaged in continuous activity | examples=an active seaport; an active bond market
8. sense_key=active%5:00:00:existent:00 | definition=in operation | synonyms=alive | examples=keep hope alive; the tradition was still alive
9. sense_key=active%3:00:10:: | definition=(of the sun) characterized by an increased occurrence of sunspots and flares and radio emissions
10. sense_key=active%3:00:09:: | definition=expressing that the subject of the sentence has the semantic function of actor: | examples=Hemingway favors active constructions
11. sense_key=active%3:00:00:: | definition=(used of verbs (e.g. `to run') and participial adjectives (e.g. `running' in `running water')) expressing action rather than a state of being | synonyms=dynamic
12. sense_key=active%3:00:05:: | definition=(of e.g. volcanos) capable of erupting
13. sense_key=active%3:00:04:: | definition=(of e.g. volcanos) erupting or liable to erupt | examples=active volcanos
14. sense_key=active%3:00:08:: | definition=engaged in full-time work | examples=active duty; though past retirement age he is still active in his profession

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "active" in the given context.

Context analysis:
- The text is about a medicine called Alimta
- It states: "It contains the active substance pemetrexed"
- This is referring to the pharmacologically active ingredient in a medication

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=active%3:00:02:: - "tending to become more severe or wider in scope" - example: active tuberculosis. This doesn't fit; it's not about disease progression.

2. sense_key=active%5:00:00:operational:00 - military/naval operations. Not relevant.

3. sense_key=active%3:00:03:: - "disposed to take action or effectuate change" - about people taking action, not substances.

4. sense_key=active%5:00:00:involved:00 - taking part in an activity. Not quite right for a chemical substance.

5. sense_key=active%3:00:01:: - "characterized by energetic activity" - describes energetic things/people, not quite right.

6. sense_key=active%3:00:07:: - "exerting influence or producing a change or effect" - example: "an active ingredient". This fits perfectly! In pharmacology, the "active substance" or "active ingredient" is the one that exerts the therapeutic effect.

7. sense_key=active%3:00:06:: - "full of activity or engaged in continuous activity" - describes busy places/markets.

8. sense_key=active%5:00:00:existent:00 - "in operation" - not quite right for this context.

9. sense_key=active%3:00:10:: - sun activity. Not relevant.

10. sense_key=active%3:00:09:: - grammatical active voice. Not relevant.

11. sense_key=active%3:00:00:: - verbs expressing action. Not relevant.

12. sense_key=active%3:00:05:: - volcanos capable of erupting. Not relevant.

13. sense_key=active%3:00:04:: - volcanos erupting. Not relevant.

14. sense_key=active%3:00:08:: - engaged in full-time work. Not relevant.

Sense 6 (active%3:00:07::) is clearly the best fit. The definition "exerting influence or producing a change or effect" with the example "an active ingredient" matches exactly with "active substance" in the pharmaceutical context.

Wait, let me check the index numbers carefully. The user lists them as:
1. sense_key=active%3:00:02::
2. sense_key=active%5:00:00:operational:00
3. sense_key=active%3:00:03::
4. sense_key=active%5:00:00:involved:00
5. sense_key=active%3:00:01::
6. sense_key=active%3:00:07::
7. sense_key=active%3:00:06::
8. sense_key=active%5:00:00:existent:00
9. sense_key=active%3:00:10::
10. sense_key=active%3:00:09::
11. sense_key=active%3:00:00::
12. sense_key=active%3:00:05::
13. sense_key=active%3:00:04::
14. sense_key=active%3:00:08::

So sense 6 is the one with definition "exerting influence or producing a change or effect" and example "an active ingredient".

Actually, looking at standard WordNet, "active ingredient" is typically sense 6 in WordNet 3.0 (active%3:00:06:: or similar depending on version), but the indexing here is specific to the list provided.

In the list provided:
- Item 6 has sense_key=active%3:00:07:: and definition "exerting influence or producing a change or effect" with example "an active ingredient"

This is clearly the correct sense for "active substance" in a pharmaceutical context.

Therefore, the answer should be {"sense_index": 6}.

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: substance
Target surface form: substance
Context:
It explains how the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) assessed the studies performed, to reach their recommendations on how to use the medicine. If you need more information about your medical condition or your treatment, read the Package Leaflet (also part of the EPAR) or contact your doctor or pharmacist. If you want more information on the basis of the CHMP recommendations, read the Scientific Discussion (also part of the EPAR). What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active <t>substance</t> pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=substance%1:03:00:: | definition=the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists | examples=DNA is the substance of our genes
2. sense_key=substance%1:09:01:: | definition=the choicest or most essential or most vital part of some idea or experience | synonyms=kernel, core, center, centre, essence, gist | examples=the gist of the prosecutor's argument; the heart and soul of the Republican Party
3. sense_key=substance%1:09:00:: | definition=the idea that is intended | synonyms=meaning | examples=What is the meaning of this proverb?
4. sense_key=substance%1:27:00:: | definition=material of a particular kind or constitution | examples=the immune response recognizes invading substances
5. sense_key=substance%1:21:00:: | definition=considerable capital (wealth or income) | synonyms=means | examples=he is a man of means
6. sense_key=substance%1:10:00:: | definition=what a communication that is about something is about | synonyms=message, content, subject matter
7. sense_key=substance%1:03:01:: | definition=a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties | examples=shigella is one of the most toxic substances known to man

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the word "substance" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The text is about a medicine called Alimta
 - "It contains the active <t>substance</t> pemetrexed."
 - This is referring to the chemical/pharmaceutical component of the medicine
 - Pemetrexed is a chemical compound/drug substance

 Looking at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=substance%1:03:00:: | definition=the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists | examples=DNA is the substance of our genes
    - This is about physical matter composition. While pemetrexed is physical matter, this sense seems more about what something consists of fundamentally (like DNA in genes).

 2. sense_key=substance%1:09:01:: | definition=the choicest or most essential or most vital part of some idea or experience | synonyms=kernel, core, center, centre, essence, gist
    - This is metaphorical/abstract - the essence of an idea. Not applicable here.

 3. sense_key=substance%1:09:00:: | definition=the idea that is intended | synonyms=meaning
    - About meaning/ideas. Not applicable.

 4. sense_key=substance%1:27:00:: | definition=material of a particular kind or constitution | examples=the immune response recognizes invading substances
    - This could work - it's about material of a particular kind. The example mentions "invading substances" which could be chemical/biological substances.

 5. sense_key=substance%1:21:00:: | definition=considerable capital (wealth or income) | synonyms=means
    - Financial meaning. Not applicable.

 6. sense_key=substance%1:10:00:: | definition=what a communication that is about something is about | synonyms=message, content, subject matter
    - About communication content. Not applicable.

 7. sense_key=substance%1:03:01:: | definition=a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties | examples=shigella is one of the most toxic substances known to man
    - This seems very applicable. "Shigella" is a bacterium (biological substance), and "toxic substances" refers to chemical substances. Pemetrexed is a specific chemical compound (a particular kind of matter with uniform properties).

 Comparing sense 1, 4, and 7:
 - Sense 1 (substance%1:03:00): "the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists" - This is about the fundamental material composition. Example: "DNA is the substance of our genes."
 - Sense 4 (substance%1:27:00): "material of a particular kind or constitution" - This is broader, about types of material.
 - Sense 7 (substance%1:03:01): "a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties" - This refers to specific chemical substances, species of matter.

 In pharmaceutical contexts, "active substance" refers to the specific chemical compound that has the therapeutic effect. This aligns best with sense 7: "a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties."

 The example for sense 7 mentions "shigella is one of the most toxic substances" - shigella is a specific biological entity, similar to how pemetrexed is a specific chemical entity.

 Sense 4's example "the immune response recognizes invading substances" is also biological/medical, but "substances" there is plural and more general.

 However, "active substance" in pharmaceutical terminology specifically refers to the active ingredient - a specific chemical compound. This matches sense 7 best: a particular kind/species of matter with uniform properties.

 Wait, let me check the WordNet hierarchy:
 - 1:03:00 is under noun.artifact? No, let me check WordNet structure.
 - Actually, looking at the sense keys:
   - %1:03:00 - noun.Tops (entity, physical entity, matter, substance)
   - %1:03:01 - noun.Tops (entity, physical entity, matter, substance)

 Actually, looking carefully:
 - sense 1: "the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists" - this is the general concept of substance as matter
 - sense 7: "a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties" - this is a specific type/kind of substance

 In the context "active substance pemetrexed", we are referring to a specific chemical compound (pemetrexed) as the active ingredient. This is a particular kind of matter with uniform properties.

 Sense 4 (1:27:00) is under noun.substance (substance as a material), but the definition "material of a particular kind or constitution" is somewhat similar.

 However, looking at the examples:
 - Sense 7 example: "shigella is one of the most toxic substances known to man" - this treats substance as a countable noun referring to specific types/kinds.
 - Sense 4 example: "the immune response recognizes invading substances" - also countable, referring to types.

 But sense 7 specifically mentions "species of matter with uniform properties" which fits chemical compounds perfectly. Pemetrexed is a specific chemical compound with uniform chemical properties.

 Also, in pharmaceutical regulatory language (which this text is - EMA/CHMP document), "active substance" is the technical term for the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), which is a specific chemical entity.

 Therefore, sense 7 (substance%1:03:01) is the best fit.

 Wait, I should verify the indices. The user lists them as:
 1. sense_key=substance%1:03:00::
 2. sense_key=substance%1:09:01::
 3. sense_key=substance%1:09:00::
 4. sense_key=substance%1:27:00::
 5. sense_key=substance%1:21:00::
 6. sense_key=substance%1:10:00::
 7. sense_key=substance%1:03:01::

 So sense 7 is substance%1:03:01.

 Actually, looking at WordNet 3.0 or 3.1:
 - substance%1:03:00:: - the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists; "DNA is the substance of our genes"
 - substance%1:03:01:: - a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties; "shigella is one of the most toxic substances known to man"

 Yes, sense 7 is the one with the "shigella" example.

 In the context "active substance pemetrexed", we are identifying the specific chemical entity. This matches sense 7.

 However, I should also consider sense 4 (substance%1:27:00): "material of a particular kind or constitution". But this seems more general. The example "invading substances" could be bacteria, viruses, chemicals, etc.

 But "active substance" in pharma is definitely referring to a specific chemical compound (or biological entity), which is "a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties."

 Therefore, the answer should be sense_index: 7.

 Wait, let me double-check if there's any ambiguity with sense 1. "The real physical matter of which a person or thing consists" - this would be like saying "the substance of the drug is pemetrexed" meaning the drug consists of pemetrexed. But the text says "contains the active substance pemetrexed", which treats pemetrexed as an instance/kind of substance, not as the fundamental matter of the drug.

 Actually, looking closely: "It contains the active substance pemetrexed."
 This means: Alimta (the powder/solution) contains pemetrexed (the active substance).
 So pemetrexed is being classified as a substance (a particular kind of chemical substance).

 This confirms sense 7 is correct.

 Final check: The user wants a JSON object like {"sense_index": 3}. So I should return {"sense_index": 7}.

provider: Phala


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: use
Target surface form: used
Context:
If you need more information about your medical condition or your treatment, read the Package Leaflet (also part of the EPAR) or contact your doctor or pharmacist. If you want more information on the basis of the CHMP recommendations, read the Scientific Discussion (also part of the EPAR). What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta <t>used</t> for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=use%2:34:01:: | definition=put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose | synonyms=utilize, utilise, apply, employ | examples=use your head!; we only use Spanish at home
2. sense_key=use%2:34:02:: | definition=take or consume (regularly or habitually) | synonyms=habituate | examples=She uses drugs rarely
3. sense_key=use%2:34:00:: | definition=use up, consume fully | synonyms=expend | examples=The legislature expended its time on school questions
4. sense_key=use%2:41:14:: | definition=seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage | examples=She uses her influential friends to get jobs; The president's wife used her good connections
5. sense_key=use%2:41:04:: | definition=avail oneself to | synonyms=practice, apply | examples=apply a principle; practice a religion
6. sense_key=use%2:41:03:: | definition=habitually do something (use only in the past tense) | examples=She used to call her mother every week but now she calls only occasionally; I used to get sick when I ate in that dining hall

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "used" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 The text is about a medical drug called Alimta. The specific sentence is: "What is Alimta used for?" followed by "Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer..."

 This is asking about the purpose or function of the drug - what it is employed for, what it is utilized for.

 Looking at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=use%2:34:01:: | definition=put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose | synonyms=utilize, utilise, apply, employ | examples=use your head!; we only use Spanish at home

 This seems to fit best. The drug is being put into service/employed for a particular purpose (treating cancer). The phrase "used for" is a standard way to ask about the purpose/application of something.

 2. sense_key=use%2:34:02:: | definition=take or consume (regularly or habitually) | synonyms=habituate | examples=She uses drugs rarely

 This refers to habitual consumption, like drug use. While Alimta is a drug, the context "used for" refers to its medical purpose/application, not the act of consuming it habitually.

 3. sense_key=use%2:34:00:: | definition=use up, consume fully | synonyms=expend | examples=The legislature expended its time on school questions

 This means to deplete or exhaust. Not applicable here.

 4. sense_key=use%2:41:14:: | definition=seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage | examples=She uses her influential friends to get jobs; The president's wife used her good connections

 This implies exploiting something for personal advantage. Not applicable to a drug's intended medical purpose.

 5. sense_key=use%2:41:04:: | definition=avail oneself to | synonyms=practice, apply | examples=apply a principle; practice a religion

 This is about availing oneself of something, like practicing a religion. Not quite right for "what is X used for" in the sense of purpose/function.

 6. sense_key=use%2:41:03:: | definition=habitually do something (use only in the past tense) | examples=She used to call her mother every week but now she calls only occasionally; I used to get sick when I ate in that dining hall

 This is the "used to" construction indicating past habitual action. The target here is "used" as in "is used for", which is passive voice indicating purpose, not the "used to" idiom.

 Therefore, sense 1 is the correct choice. The phrase "is used for" matches the definition "put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose".

 Wait, let me double-check the sense keys. The user provided:
 1. use%2:34:01::
 2. use%2:34:02::
 3. use%2:34:00::
 4. use%2:41:14::
 5. use%2:41:04::
 6. use%2:41:03::

 In WordNet, the most common sense of "use" (employ for a purpose) is usually the first one. The "used to" sense is typically separate.

 The context "Alimta is used to treat..." clearly indicates employing the drug for a specific purpose (treating cancer). This aligns with sense 1: "put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose".

 The answer should be {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: use
Target surface form: used
Context:
If you want more information on the basis of the CHMP recommendations, read the Scientific Discussion (also part of the EPAR). What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is <t>used</t> to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=use%2:34:01:: | definition=put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose | synonyms=utilize, utilise, apply, employ | examples=use your head!; we only use Spanish at home
2. sense_key=use%2:34:02:: | definition=take or consume (regularly or habitually) | synonyms=habituate | examples=She uses drugs rarely
3. sense_key=use%2:34:00:: | definition=use up, consume fully | synonyms=expend | examples=The legislature expended its time on school questions
4. sense_key=use%2:41:14:: | definition=seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage | examples=She uses her influential friends to get jobs; The president's wife used her good connections
5. sense_key=use%2:41:04:: | definition=avail oneself to | synonyms=practice, apply | examples=apply a principle; practice a religion
6. sense_key=use%2:41:03:: | definition=habitually do something (use only in the past tense) | examples=She used to call her mother every week but now she calls only occasionally; I used to get sick when I ate in that dining hall

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "used" (lemma "use") in the given context.

Context analysis:
The sentence is: "Alimta is <t>used</t> to treat two types of cancer..."
This is describing the purpose/function of a medicine. Alimta is employed/utilized/applied for the purpose of treating cancer.

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=use%2:34:01:: | definition=put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose | synonyms=utilize, utilise, apply, employ | examples=use your head!; we only use Spanish at home
- This fits well. "Alimta is used to treat cancer" = Alimta is put into service / employed for the particular purpose of treating cancer. The synonym "employ" fits perfectly here.

2. sense_key=use%2:34:02:: | definition=take or consume (regularly or habitually) | synonyms=habituate | examples=She uses drugs rarely
- This is about habitual consumption, like using drugs. Doesn't fit a medicine being used for treatment in a general sense.

3. sense_key=use%2:34:00:: | definition=use up, consume fully | synonyms=expend | examples=The legislature expended its time on school questions
- This means to exhaust or deplete. Not the meaning here.

4. sense_key=use%2:41:14:: | definition=seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage | examples=She uses her influential friends to get jobs; The president's wife used her good connections
- This implies exploiting or taking advantage of something/someone. Not the meaning here.

5. sense_key=use%2:41:04:: | definition=avail oneself to | synonyms=practice, apply | examples=apply a principle; practice a religion
- This is about making use of something for oneself. "Avail oneself to" doesn't fit the passive construction "is used to treat".

6. sense_key=use%2:41:03:: | definition=habitually do something (use only in the past tense) | examples=She used to call her mother every week...
- This is the "used to" construction for past habits. The sentence is "is used to treat", not "used to treat" as in past habitual action. The "to" here is part of the infinitive "to treat", not the "used to" idiom.

So sense 1 is clearly the best fit. The medicine is put into service / employed for a particular purpose (treating cancer).

The user wants only a JSON object like {"sense_index": 3}. Since sense 1 is the best, I should return {"sense_index": 1}.

Wait, let me double-check the sense numbering. The user lists them as:
1. sense_key=use%2:34:01::
2. sense_key=use%2:34:02::
3. sense_key=use%2:34:00::
4. sense_key=use%2:41:14::
5. sense_key=use%2:41:04::
6. sense_key=use%2:41:03::

So yes, index 1 corresponds to the first one.

The instruction says: "Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}." So I need to return exactly that format with the correct index.

Final check: Is there any ambiguity with sense 5? "avail oneself to" - synonyms practice, apply. "apply a principle". Could "is used to treat" be related to "apply"? In medical contexts, we say "apply a treatment", but "the drug is used" is more about employment for a purpose (sense 1). Sense 1 explicitly has "apply" as a synonym and "employ for a particular purpose". The example "we only use Spanish at home" is about language use, but the definition covers "put into service" and "employ for a particular purpose". The cancer treatment is exactly employing the drug for a particular purpose.

Sense 1 is definitely correct.

provider: SiliconFlow


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: treat
Target surface form: treat
Context:
If you want more information on the basis of the CHMP recommendations, read the Scientific Discussion (also part of the EPAR). What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to <t>treat</t> two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=treat%2:41:00:: | definition=interact in a certain way | synonyms=handle, do by | examples=Do right by her; Treat him with caution, please
2. sense_key=treat%2:30:01:: | definition=subject to a process or treatment, with the aim of readying for some purpose, improving, or remedying a condition | synonyms=process | examples=process cheese; process hair
3. sense_key=treat%2:29:00:: | definition=provide treatment for | synonyms=care for | examples=The doctor treated my broken leg; The nurses cared for the bomb victims
4. sense_key=treat%2:32:00:: | definition=act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression | synonyms=cover, handle, plow, deal, address | examples=This book deals with incest; The course covered all of Western Civilization
5. sense_key=treat%2:40:00:: | definition=provide with a gift or entertainment | examples=Grandmother always treated us to the circus; I like to treat myself to a day at a spa when I am depressed
6. sense_key=treat%2:34:00:: | definition=provide with choice or abundant food or drink | synonyms=regale | examples=Don't worry about the expensive wine--I'm treating; She treated her houseguests with good food every night
7. sense_key=treat%2:32:03:: | definition=engage in negotiations in order to reach an agreement | examples=they had to treat with the King
8. sense_key=treat%2:31:00:: | definition=regard or consider in a specific way | examples=I treated his advances as a joke

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "treat" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The text is about a medicine called Alimta (pemetrexed)
 - It's used to "treat" two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma and non-small cell lung cancer
 - This is clearly a medical context where the drug is being used to provide medical care/treatment for a disease

 Looking at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=treat%2:41:00:: | definition=interact in a certain way | synonyms=handle, do by
    - This is about how you interact with someone (treat someone well/badly). Not medical treatment.

 2. sense_key=treat%2:30:01:: | definition=subject to a process or treatment, with the aim of readying for some purpose, improving, or remedying a condition | synonyms=process
    - This is about processing materials (like processing cheese or hair). Not medical treatment of patients.

 3. sense_key=treat%2:29:00:: | definition=provide treatment for | synonyms=care for | examples=The doctor treated my broken leg; The nurses cared for the bomb victims
    - This is exactly the medical sense. The examples show doctors treating injuries/conditions. The context is about a medicine treating cancer.

 4. sense_key=treat%2:32:00:: | definition=act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression | synonyms=cover, handle, plow, deal, address
    - This is about discussing or covering a topic (like a book treating a subject). Not relevant here.

 5. sense_key=treat%2:40:00:: | definition=provide with a gift or entertainment
    - This is about paying for someone's entertainment or giving gifts. Not relevant.

 6. sense_key=treat%2:34:00:: | definition=provide with choice or abundant food or drink | synonyms=regale
    - This is about hosting/feeding guests. Not relevant.

 7. sense_key=treat%2:32:03:: | definition=engage in negotiations in order to reach an agreement
    - This is about negotiating (treat with someone). Not relevant.

 8. sense_key=treat%2:31:00:: | definition=regard or consider in a specific way
    - This is about considering something as something (treat X as Y). Not relevant.

 The correct sense is clearly sense 3: "provide treatment for" with synonyms "care for". The context describes a medicine (Alimta) being used to treat (provide medical treatment for) cancer.

 The answer should be: {"sense_index": 3}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: type
Target surface form: types
Context:
If you want more information on the basis of the CHMP recommendations, read the Scientific Discussion (also part of the EPAR). What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two <t>types</t> of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=type%1:09:00:: | definition=a subdivision of a particular kind of thing | examples=what type of sculpture do you prefer?
2. sense_key=type%1:18:00:: | definition=a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities) | synonyms=character, eccentric, case | examples=a real character; a strange character
3. sense_key=type%1:14:01:: | definition=(biology) the taxonomic group whose characteristics are used to define the next higher taxon
4. sense_key=type%1:10:01:: | definition=printed characters | examples=small type is hard to read
5. sense_key=type%1:10:00:: | definition=all of the tokens of the same symbol | examples=the word `element' contains five different types of character
6. sense_key=type%1:06:00:: | definition=a small metal block bearing a raised character on one end; produces a printed character when inked and pressed on paper | examples=he dropped a case of type, so they made him pick them up

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "types" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The text is about a medicine called Alimta (pemetrexed)
 - It says "Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer"
 - The specific cancers mentioned are: pleural mesothelioma and non-small cell lung cancer
 - So "types" here refers to categories/kinds of cancer

 Candidate sense analysis:
 1. sense_key=type%1:09:00:: | definition=a subdivision of a particular kind of thing | examples=what type of sculpture do you prefer?
    - This seems to fit. Cancer is a "kind of thing" (disease), and pleural mesothelioma and non-small cell lung cancer are subdivisions/kinds of cancer.
    - The example "what type of sculpture do you prefer?" shows the same usage pattern - asking about categories/kinds.

 2. sense_key=type%1:18:00:: | definition=a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities)
    - This refers to people (character, eccentric). Not relevant here.

 3. sense_key=type%1:14:01:: | definition=(biology) the taxonomic group whose characteristics are used to define the next higher taxon
    - This is a specific biological taxonomy term. While cancer types could be considered biological categories, this is more specific to taxonomic classification (like genus, species). The general sense #1 is better.

 4. sense_key=type%1:10:01:: | definition=printed characters
    - Not relevant.

 5. sense_key=type%1:10:00:: | definition=all of the tokens of the same symbol
    - Not relevant (typography/printing).

 6. sense_key=type%1:06:00:: | definition=a small metal block bearing a raised character...
    - Not relevant (printing press type).

 The best fit is clearly sense 1: "a subdivision of a particular kind of thing". The context is talking about two kinds/categories of cancer (pleural mesothelioma and non-small cell lung cancer), which are subdivisions of the general category "cancer".

 The answer should be JSON format: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cancer
Target surface form: cancer
Context:
If you want more information on the basis of the CHMP recommendations, read the Scientific Discussion (also part of the EPAR). What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of <t>cancer</t>: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: | definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream | synonyms=malignant neoplastic disease
2. sense_key=cancer%1:18:00:: | definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer | synonyms=Crab
3. sense_key=cancer%1:17:00:: | definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
4. sense_key=cancer%1:15:00:: | definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22 | synonyms=Cancer the Crab, Crab
5. sense_key=cancer%1:05:00:: | definition=type genus of the family Cancridae | synonyms=genus Cancer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) on the word "cancer" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text is about a medicine called Alimta (pemetrexed)
 - It's used to treat two types of "cancer"
 - Specifically mentions: "pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs...)"
 - Also mentions "advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer"
 - Talks about chemotherapy, malignant growth, spreading to other parts of the body

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: | definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream | synonyms=malignant neoplastic disease
    - This is the medical definition of cancer as a disease.
    - Context fits perfectly: talks about malignant growth, spreading to other parts of the body, chemotherapy, etc.

 2. sense_key=cancer%1:18:00:: | definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer | synonyms=Crab
    - Astrological sign for a person.
    - Context is medical/pharmaceutical, not astrological.

 3. sense_key=cancer%1:17:00:: | definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
    - Astronomical constellation.
    - Context is medical, not astronomical.

 4. sense_key=cancer%1:15:00:: | definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22 | synonyms=Cancer the Crab, Crab
    - Astrological sign.
    - Context is medical, not astrological.

 5. sense_key=cancer%1:05:00:: | definition=type genus of the family Cancridae | synonyms=genus Cancer
    - Biological genus for crabs (the animal).
    - Context is about human disease, not marine biology.

 The context clearly refers to the disease "cancer" - malignant neoplastic disease. The text mentions:
 - "treat two types of cancer"
 - "malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body)"
 - "chemotherapy (medicines for cancer)"

 This matches sense 1 perfectly.

 The answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cancer
Target surface form: cancer
Context:
If you want more information on the basis of the CHMP recommendations, read the Scientific Discussion (also part of the EPAR). What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (<t>cancer</t> of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: | definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream | synonyms=malignant neoplastic disease
2. sense_key=cancer%1:18:00:: | definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer | synonyms=Crab
3. sense_key=cancer%1:17:00:: | definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
4. sense_key=cancer%1:15:00:: | definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22 | synonyms=Cancer the Crab, Crab
5. sense_key=cancer%1:05:00:: | definition=type genus of the family Cancridae | synonyms=genus Cancer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "cancer" in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
- The text is about a medicine called Alimta
- It's used to treat "two types of cancer"
- Specifically mentions "pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs...)"
- Mentions "malignant" and "anticancer medicine"
- Mentions "chemotherapy (medicines for cancer)"

This is clearly referring to the disease/medical condition meaning of cancer.

Now looking at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: - definition mentions "any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division" - this is the medical disease sense
2. sense_key=cancer%1:18:00:: - astrology person born under Cancer
3. sense_key=cancer%1:17:00:: - constellation
4. sense_key=cancer%1:15:00:: - zodiac sign
5. sense_key=cancer%1:05:00:: - genus of crabs (biology)

The context is clearly medical - talking about treating cancer, malignant growths, chemotherapy, etc. So sense 1 is the correct one.

The user wants me to return a JSON object like {"sense_index": 3} where the number corresponds to the index of the sense in the list provided.

Sense 1 is the first one in the list (index 1), which is the medical definition.

So the answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: lining
Target surface form: lining
Context:
If you want more information on the basis of the CHMP recommendations, read the Scientific Discussion (also part of the EPAR). What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the <t>lining</t> of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=lining%1:06:00:: | definition=a protective covering that protects an inside surface | synonyms=liner
2. sense_key=lining%1:06:01:: | definition=a piece of cloth that is used as the inside surface of a garment | synonyms=liner
3. sense_key=lining%1:04:01:: | definition=providing something with a surface of a different material | synonyms=facing
4. sense_key=lining%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of attaching an inside lining (to a garment or curtain etc.)

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "lining" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The text is about Alimta, a medicine used to treat cancer
 - Specifically: "pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the <t>lining</t> of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos)"
 - Here, "lining" refers to the pleura - the thin membrane that covers the lungs and lines the chest cavity
 - This is an anatomical/biological context referring to a protective covering inside the body

 Candidate senses:
 1. lining%1:06:00:: - a protective covering that protects an inside surface (synonyms: liner)
 2. lining%1:06:01:: - a piece of cloth that is used as the inside surface of a garment (synonyms: liner)
 3. lining%1:04:01:: - providing something with a surface of a different material (synonyms: facing)
 4. lining%1:04:00:: - the act of attaching an inside lining (to a garment or curtain etc.)

 Analysis:
 - Sense 1: "a protective covering that protects an inside surface" - This fits the biological context. The pleura is a protective covering of the inside surface of the chest cavity/lungs.
 - Sense 2: This is specifically about cloth/garments, which doesn't fit the anatomical context of lungs.
 - Sense 3: This is about the act/process of providing a surface (a gerund/verbal noun), but the context uses "lining" as a noun referring to a physical structure (the pleural lining).
 - Sense 4: This is about the act of attaching a lining, which is a process, not the physical structure itself.

 The context refers to the "lining of the lungs" as a physical anatomical structure - a protective covering. This matches sense 1.

 Sense 1 (lining%1:06:00::) is defined as "a protective covering that protects an inside surface" with synonym "liner". In anatomy, the pleura is indeed a protective lining/covering.

 Therefore, the best sense is index 1.

 Wait, let me double-check the sense indices provided:
 - 1. sense_key=lining%1:06:00::
 - 2. sense_key=lining%1:06:01::
 - 3. sense_key=lining%1:04:01::
 - 4. sense_key=lining%1:04:00::

 So sense 1 is the correct choice.

 The JSON should be: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cause
Target surface form: caused
Context:
If you want more information on the basis of the CHMP recommendations, read the Scientific Discussion (also part of the EPAR). What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually <t>caused</t> by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cause%2:36:00:: | definition=give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally | synonyms=do, make | examples=cause a commotion; make a stir
2. sense_key=cause%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, have, get, make | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "caused" in the given context. The target lemma is "cause" and the surface form is "caused".

Context analysis:
The sentence is: "Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually <t>caused</t> by exposure to asbestos)."

Here, "caused" means that exposure to asbestos gives rise to or brings about pleural mesothelioma. It's about something (asbestos exposure) making something else (cancer) happen or occur.

Candidate sense 1: cause%2:36:00::
- Definition: give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally
- Synonyms: do, make
- Examples: cause a commotion; make a stir

Candidate sense 2: cause%2:32:00::
- Definition: cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner
- Synonyms: induce, stimulate, have, get, make
- Examples: The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer

Analysis:
Sense 1 is about causing something to happen or occur (an event/state/condition).
Sense 2 is about causing someone to do something (inducing an action by an agent).

In the context, asbestos exposure causes cancer (a disease/state). It's not about causing someone to do something. It's about one thing (exposure) bringing about a condition (cancer).

Therefore, sense 1 (cause%2:36:00::) is the correct choice.

The index for sense 1 is 1.

I need to return: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: use
Target surface form: used
Context:
What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is <t>used</t> together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells. Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=use%2:34:01:: | definition=put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose | synonyms=utilize, utilise, apply, employ | examples=use your head!; we only use Spanish at home
2. sense_key=use%2:34:02:: | definition=take or consume (regularly or habitually) | synonyms=habituate | examples=She uses drugs rarely
3. sense_key=use%2:34:00:: | definition=use up, consume fully | synonyms=expend | examples=The legislature expended its time on school questions
4. sense_key=use%2:41:14:: | definition=seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage | examples=She uses her influential friends to get jobs; The president's wife used her good connections
5. sense_key=use%2:41:04:: | definition=avail oneself to | synonyms=practice, apply | examples=apply a principle; practice a religion
6. sense_key=use%2:41:03:: | definition=habitually do something (use only in the past tense) | examples=She used to call her mother every week but now she calls only occasionally; I used to get sick when I ate in that dining hall

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the word "used" (lemma: use) in a specific context.

 Context analysis:
 The text is about Alimta (a cancer drug). The sentence is: "Alimta is <t>used</t> together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable..."

 The meaning here is about employing or utilizing Alimta (the drug) for a specific purpose - treating cancer, specifically in combination with another drug.

 Let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=use%2:34:01:: | definition=put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose | synonyms=utilize, utilise, apply, employ | examples=use your head!; we only use Spanish at home
 - This sense is about employing something for a purpose. This fits the medical context where the drug is being employed/utilized for treating cancer.

 2. sense_key=use%2:34:02:: | definition=take or consume (regularly or habitually) | synonyms=habituate | examples=She uses drugs rarely
 - This is about consuming/taking drugs habitually. While Alimta is a drug, the context isn't about a patient habitually consuming it, but about the medical protocol employing the drug for treatment. Also, "used together with" suggests combination therapy, not habitual consumption.

 3. sense_key=use%2:34:00:: | definition=use up, consume fully | synonyms=expend | examples=The legislature expended its time on school questions
 - This means to deplete or exhaust. Not fitting here - the drug isn't being "used up" in the sense of depletion.

 4. sense_key=use%2:41:14:: | definition=seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage | examples=She uses her influential friends to get jobs; The president's wife used her good connections
 - This implies exploiting or taking advantage of something/someone. Not appropriate for a medical treatment description.

 5. sense_key=use%2:41:04:: | definition=avail oneself to | synonyms=practice, apply | examples=apply a principle; practice a religion
 - This is about making use of something for oneself. Could be close, but the medical context of "used to treat" or "used together with" fits better with sense 1 (employ for a purpose).

 6. sense_key=use%2:41:03:: | definition=habitually do something (use only in the past tense) | examples=She used to call her mother every week but now she calls only occasionally
 - This is the "used to" construction indicating past habitual action. The target is "used" but not in the "used to" sense. The structure here is "is used" (passive), not "used to".

 So the best fit is sense 1: "put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose"

 The phrase "is used to treat" or "is used together with" clearly indicates employing the drug for a medical purpose.

 The index appears to be 1 based on the ordering in the candidate list.

 Wait, let me double-check the sense keys to make sure I'm interpreting the indices correctly. The candidates are numbered 1-6, so I should return the index number from that list.

 Candidate 1: use%2:34:01::
 Candidate 2: use%2:34:02::
 Candidate 3: use%2:34:00::
 Candidate 4: use%2:41:14::
 Candidate 5: use%2:41:04::
 Candidate 6: use%2:41:03::

 Yes, sense 1 is the correct choice.

provider: Moonshot AI


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: medicine
Target surface form: medicine
Context:
What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer <t>medicine</t>) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells. Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=medicine%1:09:00:: | definition=the branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques | synonyms=medical specialty
2. sense_key=medicine%1:06:00:: | definition=(medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease | synonyms=medication, medicament, medicinal drug
3. sense_key=medicine%1:04:00:: | definition=the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries | synonyms=practice of medicine | examples=he studied medicine at Harvard
4. sense_key=medicine%1:04:02:: | definition=punishment for one's actions | synonyms=music | examples=you have to face the music; take your medicine

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the target word "medicine" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The text is about Alimta, a cancer treatment drug
 - It mentions "anticancer medicine" in the phrase "Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer <t>medicine</t>)"
 - It also mentions "chemotherapy (medicines for cancer)"
 - The context clearly refers to substances/drugs used to treat disease (specifically cancer)

 Now let me look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=medicine%1:09:00::
    - definition: the branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques
    - synonyms: medical specialty
    - This refers to the field of study, not a substance

 2. sense_key=medicine%1:06:00::
    - definition: (medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease
    - synonyms: medication, medicament, medicinal drug
    - This refers to a substance/drug used for treatment

 3. sense_key=medicine%1:04:00::
    - definition: the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries
    - synonyms: practice of medicine
    - examples: he studied medicine at Harvard
    - This refers to the profession or practice

 4. sense_key=medicine%1:04:02::
    - definition: punishment for one's actions
    - synonyms: music
    - examples: you have to face the music; take your medicine
    - This is figurative usage meaning punishment

 In the context, "medicine" is used in the phrase "another anticancer medicine", referring to cisplatin as a drug/substance used to treat cancer. This clearly aligns with sense 2: something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease (a medication/drug).

 The surrounding context mentions "chemotherapy (medicines for cancer)" which also supports the interpretation of physical drugs/substances.

 Therefore, the best sense is sense_key=medicine%1:06:00:: which corresponds to sense_index 2.

 Wait, I need to check the format. The user wants me to return only a JSON object like {"sense_index": 3}. So I need to map the sense to its index number.

 Looking at the candidate senses:
 1. sense_key=medicine%1:09:00::
 2. sense_key=medicine%1:06:00::
 3. sense_key=medicine%1:04:00::
 4. sense_key=medicine%1:04:02::

 So sense 2 is the one with definition "(medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease".

 The answer should be: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cancer
Target surface form: cancer
Context:
What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the <t>cancer</t> is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells. Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: | definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream | synonyms=malignant neoplastic disease
2. sense_key=cancer%1:18:00:: | definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer | synonyms=Crab
3. sense_key=cancer%1:17:00:: | definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
4. sense_key=cancer%1:15:00:: | definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22 | synonyms=Cancer the Crab, Crab
5. sense_key=cancer%1:05:00:: | definition=type genus of the family Cancridae | synonyms=genus Cancer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "cancer" in the given context.

Context analysis:
- The text is about Alimta, a medicine used to treat cancer.
- It mentions "pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs...)"
- It mentions "when the cancer is unresectable... and malignant"
- It mentions "medicines for cancer"
- It mentions "advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer"

This is clearly about the disease meaning of cancer - malignant growth/tumor.

Candidate senses:
1. cancer%1:26:00:: - any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division... (DISEASE)
2. cancer%1:18:00:: - (astrology) a person born while sun is in Cancer (PERSON)
3. cancer%1:17:00:: - small zodiacal constellation (CONSTELLATION)
4. cancer%1:15:00:: - fourth sign of the zodiac (ZODIAC SIGN)
5. cancer%1:05:00:: - type genus of family Cancridae (CRAB GENUS)

The context is clearly medical, discussing treatment of malignant diseases. Sense 1 is the only one that fits.

The user wants only a JSON object like {"sense_index": 3} (where the number is the index of the sense in the candidate list).

Sense 1 is the first one, so index 1.

Wait, let me check the indexing. The candidates are numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. So the index should be 1.

I need to return exactly: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: remove
Target surface form: removed
Context:
What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be <t>removed</t> by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells. Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=remove%2:30:00:: | definition=remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract | synonyms=take, take away, withdraw | examples=remove a threat; remove a wrapper
2. sense_key=remove%2:41:00:: | definition=remove from a position or an office
3. sense_key=remove%2:40:00:: | definition=dispose of | synonyms=get rid of | examples=Get rid of these old shoes!; The company got rid of all the dead wood
4. sense_key=remove%2:41:02:: | definition=cause to leave | synonyms=take out, move out | examples=The teacher took the children out of the classroom
5. sense_key=remove%2:38:00:: | definition=shift the position or location of, as for business, legal, educational, or military purposes | synonyms=transfer | examples=He removed his children to the countryside; Remove the troops to the forest surrounding the city
6. sense_key=remove%2:30:01:: | definition=go away or leave | synonyms=absent | examples=He absented himself
7. sense_key=remove%2:41:01:: | definition=kill intentionally and with premeditation | synonyms=murder, slay, hit, dispatch, bump off, off | examples=The mafia boss ordered his enemies murdered
8. sense_key=remove%2:30:02:: | definition=get rid of something abstract | synonyms=take away | examples=The death of her mother removed the last obstacle to their marriage; God takes away your sins

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "removed" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The text is about Alimta, a cancer medication
 - The specific phrase is: "when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be <t>removed</t> by surgery alone)"
 - Here, "removed" refers to the physical removal of cancer/tumor through surgery
 - The cancer is described as "unresectable" which means cannot be removed by surgery

 Looking at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=remove%2:30:00:: | definition=remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract | synonyms=take, take away, withdraw | examples=remove a threat; remove a wrapper
    - This seems to fit best. The cancer is a concrete physical thing being removed by surgery (lifting/pushing/taking off).

 2. sense_key=remove%2:41:00:: | definition=remove from a position or an office
    - This is about removing someone from a job/position, not relevant here.

 3. sense_key=remove%2:40:00:: | definition=dispose of | synonyms=get rid of | examples=Get rid of these old shoes!; The company got rid of all the dead wood
    - While "get rid of" is somewhat similar, this sense seems more about disposal/elimination rather than physical extraction via surgery.

 4. sense_key=remove%2:41:02:: | definition=cause to leave | synonyms=take out, move out | examples=The teacher took the children out of the classroom
    - This is about causing someone to leave a place, not about surgical removal.

 5. sense_key=remove%2:38:00:: | definition=shift the position or location of, as for business, legal, educational, or military purposes | synonyms=transfer | examples=He removed his children to the countryside; Remove the troops to the forest surrounding the city
    - This is about moving/relocating, not surgical excision.

 6. sense_key=remove%2:30:01:: | definition=go away or leave | synonyms=absent | examples=He absented himself
    - This is intransitive (the subject removes themselves), but here "cancer" is being removed by surgery (transitive).

 7. sense_key=remove%2:41:01:: | definition=kill intentionally and with premeditation | synonyms=murder, slay...
    - Not relevant.

 8. sense_key=remove%2:30:02:: | definition=get rid of something abstract | synonyms=take away | examples=The death of her mother removed the last obstacle to their marriage; God takes away your sins
    - This is for abstract things (obstacles, sins), but cancer is a concrete physical thing.

 So sense 1 is the best fit: "remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract" - specifically the concrete part applies here (cancer/tumor being surgically removed).

 Wait, let me reconsider sense 3: "dispose of" - could this fit? "Cannot be disposed of by surgery" - no, that doesn't sound right. We don't "dispose of" cancer through surgery, we remove/excise it.

 Sense 1 examples: "remove a threat; remove a wrapper" - removing a wrapper is physical removal, similar to removing a tumor.

 Actually, looking carefully at sense 1: "remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off" - surgical removal fits this description well.

 The answer should be sense_index: 1.

 Wait, I need to check if there's any other sense that might be better. Sense 8 is for abstract things. Sense 1 covers both concrete and abstract. The cancer is concrete.

 Yes, sense 1 is correct.

 The user wants the output as: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: ModelRun


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: surgery
Target surface form: surgery
Context:
What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by <t>surgery</t> alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells. Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=surgery%1:09:00:: | definition=the branch of medical science that treats disease or injury by operative procedures | examples=he is professor of surgery at the Harvard Medical School
2. sense_key=surgery%1:06:01:: | definition=a room where a doctor or dentist can be consulted | examples=he read the warning in the doctor's surgery
3. sense_key=surgery%1:06:00:: | definition=a room in a hospital equipped for the performance of surgical operations | synonyms=operating room, OR, operating theater, operating theatre | examples=great care is taken to keep the operating rooms aseptic
4. sense_key=surgery%1:04:01:: | definition=a medical procedure involving an incision with instruments; performed to repair damage or arrest disease in a living body | synonyms=operation, surgical operation, surgical procedure, surgical process | examples=they will schedule the operation as soon as an operating room is available; he died while undergoing surgery

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "surgery" in the given context.

Context analysis:
- The text is about Alimta, a cancer treatment drug
- It mentions "when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone)"
- Here, "surgery" refers to the medical procedure/operation used to remove cancer/tumors
- It's contrasting with chemotherapy (medicines for cancer)

Candidate senses analysis:
1. surgery%1:09:00:: - "the branch of medical science that treats disease or injury by operative procedures" (the field/specialty)
2. surgery%1:06:01:: - "a room where a doctor or dentist can be consulted" (British English for doctor's office)
3. surgery%1:06:00:: - "a room in a hospital equipped for the performance of surgical operations" (operating room)
4. surgery%1:04:01:: - "a medical procedure involving an incision with instruments; performed to repair damage or arrest disease in a living body" (the actual operation/procedure)

Looking at the context:
"cannot be removed by surgery alone" - this refers to the medical procedure/operation, not the branch of medicine (sense 1), not the room where a doctor consults (sense 2), and not specifically the operating room (sense 3). It refers to the surgical procedure itself.

Synonyms for sense 4 include: operation, surgical operation, surgical procedure, surgical process.

The phrase "removed by surgery" clearly indicates the physical procedure/operation, not the field of study or the room.

Therefore, the best sense is sense 4 (sense_key=surgery%1:04:01::).

The user wants only a JSON object like {"sense_index": 4}.

Wait, let me check the indexing. The candidate senses are numbered 1, 2, 3, 4. So sense 4 corresponds to surgery%1:04:01::.

Actually, looking at the format:
1. sense_key=surgery%1:09:00::
2. sense_key=surgery%1:06:01::
3. sense_key=surgery%1:06:00::
4. sense_key=surgery%1:04:01::

So sense 4 is the correct choice.

Double-checking:
- Sense 1: The branch of medical science - "he is professor of surgery" - this refers to the academic field
- Sense 2: A room where a doctor or dentist can be consulted - British usage for clinic/office
- Sense 3: Operating room - the physical room in a hospital
- Sense 4: The actual medical procedure/operation

"cannot be removed by surgery alone" - this is clearly referring to the procedure/operation (the act of operating), not the field, not the consultation room, and not specifically the OR (though operations happen there, the word here refers to the procedure itself).

Yes, sense 4 is correct.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: alone
Target surface form: alone
Context:
What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery <t>alone</t>) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells. Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=alone%5:00:00:unsocial:00 | definition=isolated from others | examples=could be alone in a crowded room; was alone with her thoughts
2. sense_key=alone%5:00:00:unaccompanied:00 | definition=lacking companions or companionship | synonyms=lone, lonely, solitary | examples=he was alone when we met him; she is alone much of the time
3. sense_key=alone%5:00:00:exclusive:00 | definition=exclusive of anyone or anything else | synonyms=only | examples=she alone believed him; cannot live by bread alone
4. sense_key=alone%5:00:00:incomparable:00 | definition=radically distinctive and without equal | synonyms=unique, unequaled, unequalled, unparalleled | examples=he is alone in the field of microbiology; this theory is altogether alone in its penetration of the problem

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "alone" in the given context.

Context analysis:
The sentence is: "Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery <t>alone</t>) and malignant..."

Here, "alone" means "by itself" or "only" - indicating that surgery by itself cannot remove the cancer. It's saying surgery exclusive of other treatments cannot remove it.

Let's look at the candidate senses:

1. isolated from others - This is about being physically or emotionally isolated. Doesn't fit.
2. lacking companions or companionship - This is about being without people. Doesn't fit.
3. exclusive of anyone or anything else - synonyms: only. Examples: "she alone believed him; cannot live by bread alone". This seems close. "cannot live by bread alone" means bread exclusively. "surgery alone" means surgery exclusively.
4. radically distinctive and without equal - This is about being unique. Doesn't fit.

Sense 3 seems to be the best fit. The phrase "surgery alone" means "surgery only" or "surgery exclusive of other treatments." This matches sense 3: "exclusive of anyone or anything else" with synonym "only".

Wait, let me double-check WordNet sense distinctions. In WordNet, "alone" has several adjective senses:
- alone(a): isolated from others (could be alone in a crowded room)
- alone(p), lone(a), lonely(a), solitary: lacking companions or companionship
- alone(p), only: exclusive of anyone or anything else (she alone believed him; cannot live by bread alone)
- alone(p), unique, unequaled: radically distinctive

In the context "cannot be removed by surgery alone", this means "by surgery only" or "surgery exclusively". This aligns perfectly with sense 3.

The instruction says: Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

So I should return {"sense_index": 3}.