[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: friend
Target surface form: friend
Context:
The stranger, his head seemingly sunk in thought, started to cross the street against the light just as a huge moving van roared through the intersection. Brakes howled and a horn blared furiously, but the man would have been hit if Phil hadn't called out to him a second before. His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old <t>friend</t>. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=friend%1:18:00:: | definition=a person you know well and regard with affection and trust | examples=he was my best friend at the university
2. sense_key=friend%1:18:03:: | definition=an associate who provides cooperation or assistance | synonyms=ally | examples=he's a good ally in fight
3. sense_key=friend%1:18:02:: | definition=a person with whom you are acquainted | synonyms=acquaintance | examples=I have trouble remembering the names of all my acquaintances; we are friends of the family
4. sense_key=friend%1:18:04:: | definition=a person who backs a politician or a team etc. | synonyms=supporter, protagonist, champion, admirer, booster | examples=all their supporters came out for the game; they are friends of the library
5. sense_key=friend%1:18:01:: | definition=a member of the Religious Society of Friends founded by George Fox (the Friends have never called themselves Quakers) | synonyms=Quaker

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the lemma "friend" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - A stranger is thanking Phil (Haney) profusely for saving him from being hit by a truck
 - The stranger "had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend"
 - This is a simile/comparison - the stranger is acting AS IF Haney were an old friend
 - The stranger doesn't actually know Haney well - they just met moments ago when Haney shouted a warning
 - The physical gesture (arm around shoulders) and the profuse thanks suggest familiarity and affection, but it's pretended/forced familiarity because Haney actually didn't care if the guy got hit and regrets helping

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=friend%1:18:00:: | definition=a person you know well and regard with affection and trust | examples=he was my best friend at the university
    - This implies deep knowledge and affection/trust
    - The context suggests the stranger is ACTING like this, but they don't actually know each other well
    - However, the phrase "as if he were an old friend" suggests the simulation of this kind of relationship

 2. sense_key=friend%1:18:03:: | definition=an associate who provides cooperation or assistance | synonyms=ally | examples=he's a good ally in fight
    - This is about being an ally or helper
    - While Haney did help the stranger, the phrase "old friend" in the context is describing the manner of the physical interaction (arm around shoulders), not describing Haney as an ally in a cooperative venture

 3. sense_key=friend%1:18:02:: | definition=a person with whom you are acquainted | synonyms=acquaintance | examples=I have trouble remembering the names of all my acquaintances; we are friends of the family
    - This is a weaker sense - someone you know but not necessarily intimately
    - "Old friend" typically implies more than mere acquaintance, though

 4. sense_key=friend%1:18:04:: | definition=a person who backs a politician or a team etc. | synonyms=supporter, protagonist, champion, admirer, booster | examples=all their supporters came out for the game; they are friends of the library
    - This is about being a supporter of a cause/organization
    - Completely wrong for this context

 5. sense_key=friend%1:18:01:: | definition=a member of the Religious Society of Friends founded by George Fox (the Friends have never called themselves Quakers) | synonyms=Quaker
    - Religious sense, clearly wrong here

 The key phrase is "as if he were an old friend." This is describing the stranger's behavior toward Haney - putting his arm around him in a familiar, affectionate way that suggests long-standing intimacy.

 While the stranger doesn't actually know Haney (so strictly speaking they aren't friends in sense 1), the phrase "as if" indicates he's behaving in the manner of someone who knows him well and regards him with affection.

 However, looking at the actual usage: "had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend" - this is describing the physical familiarity and affection typically associated with a close friend.

 Wait, I need to be careful. The sense indices might correspond to specific WordNet order. Let me think about which sense is which:

 In WordNet 3.0/3.1, the senses of "friend" are typically ordered:
 1. A person you know well and regard with affection and trust (the close friend)
 2. A person with whom you are acquainted (acquaintance) - sometimes considered a weaker sense
 3. Ally/supporter (friend as in ally)
 4. Quaker
 5. Sometimes supporter/admirer

 But the user has provided specific sense keys with indices:
 - friend%1:18:00::
 - friend%1:18:03::
 - friend%1:18:02::
 - friend%1:18:04::
 - friend%1:18:01::

 The numbers after the second colon are the lex_id or sense numbers? Actually, in WordNet sense keys, the format is: lemma%pos:lex_filenum:lex_id:head_word:head_id

 Wait, the format shown is: friend%1:18:00::

 This looks like: lemma%ss_type:lex_filenum:lex_id:(head_word):(head_id)

 But for the purpose of this task, I just need to match the description to the context.

 Sense 1: "a person you know well and regard with affection and trust" - This is the close personal friendship sense.
 Sense 2: "a person with whom you are acquainted" - Weaker sense, acquaintance.
 Sense 3: "an associate who provides cooperation or assistance" - Ally sense.
 Sense 4: "a person who backs a politician or a team etc." - Supporter sense.
 Sense 5: "a member of the Religious Society of Friends" - Quaker.

 In the phrase "as if he were an old friend", the word "old" suggests a long-standing relationship, which points to sense 1 (someone you know well) rather than sense 2 (mere acquaintance) or sense 3 (ally).

 The physical gesture (arm around shoulders) suggests intimacy and affection that characterizes close friends, not just acquaintances or allies.

 Even though they aren't actually old friends (they just met), the simile compares the behavior to that of close friends who know each other well and have affection for each other.

 Therefore, sense 1 is the best choice.

 Wait, let me double-check the sense numbering in the candidate list:
 1. sense_key=friend%1:18:00:: | definition=a person you know well...
 2. sense_key=friend%1:18:03:: | definition=an associate who provides cooperation...
 3. sense_key=friend%1:18:02:: | definition=a person with whom you are acquainted...
 4. sense_key=friend%1:18:04:: | definition=a person who backs a politician...
 5. sense_key=friend%1:18:01:: | definition=a member of the Religious Society...

 So if I choose sense 1, I should return {"sense_index": 1}

 But let me reconsider. Is there any ambiguity?

 The phrase "old friend" is key here. An "old friend" is someone you have known for a long time and have an established relationship with. This matches "a person you know well and regard with affection and trust" (sense 1).

 It doesn't match:
 - Sense 2 (acquaintance): While you can have old acquaintances, the phrase "old friend" connotes more than just acquaintance.
 - Sense 3 (ally): This is about cooperation/assistance in specific contexts, not the general personal relationship implied by "old friend" with physical affection.
 - Sense 4 (supporter): Wrong domain.
 - Sense 5 (Quaker): Wrong domain.

 Also, the context emphasizes that the stranger is acting WITH FAMILIARITY that is inappropriate given they just met. The contrast is between being strangers and being "old friends." The hyper-familiar behavior (arm around shoulders, profuse thanks) simulates the intimacy of close friendship.

 Therefore, sense 1 is correct.

 Actually, looking at the WordNet sense ordering, I should verify:
 - friend.n.01 is usually "a person you know well and regard with affection and trust"
 - friend.n.02 might be "ally, supporter, protagonist..."
 - friend.n.03 might be "acquaintance, friend"

 But the user has labeled them as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 in the candidate list. I should go by the order they presented:
 - Candidate 1 is the close friend sense
 - Candidate 2 is the ally sense
 - Candidate 3 is the acquaintance sense
 - Candidate 4 is the supporter sense
 - Candidate 5 is the Quaker sense

 So my answer should be {"sense_index": 1}

 But wait, I need to look at the sense keys again to make sure I'm interpreting the indices correctly. The user lists:
 1. sense_key=friend%1:18:00::
 2. sense_key=friend%1:18:03::
 3. sense_key=friend%1:18:02::
 4. sense_key=friend%1:18:04::
 5. sense_key=friend%1:18:01::

 These correspond to different lex_ids in WordNet. The mapping is:
 - 00: close friend (a person you know well...)
 - 03: ally (an associate who provides...)
 - 02: acquaintance (a person with whom...)
 - 04: supporter (a person who backs...)
 - 01: Quaker (member of Religious Society...)

 So yes, candidate 1 is the close friend sense.

 The context clearly supports this reading: the stranger puts his arm around Haney "as if he were an old friend" - simulating the behavior of someone with whom one has a close, affectionate relationship.

 The answer is 1.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: driver
Target surface form: driver
Context:
Brakes howled and a horn blared furiously, but the man would have been hit if Phil hadn't called out to him a second before. His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the <t>driver</t> started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=driver%1:18:00:: | definition=the operator of a motor vehicle
2. sense_key=driver%1:18:02:: | definition=someone who drives animals that pull a vehicle
3. sense_key=driver%1:18:01:: | definition=a golfer who hits the golf ball with a driver
4. sense_key=driver%1:10:00:: | definition=(computer science) a program that determines how a computer will communicate with a peripheral device | synonyms=device driver
5. sense_key=driver%1:06:00:: | definition=a golf club (a wood) with a near vertical face that is used for hitting long shots from the tee | synonyms=number one wood

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "driver" in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
- The text mentions "the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab"
- Later it mentions "the truck driver's face"
- This is clearly referring to someone operating a motor vehicle (a truck)

Now let's look at the candidate senses:
1. driver%1:18:00:: - the operator of a motor vehicle
2. driver%1:18:02:: - someone who drives animals that pull a vehicle
3. driver%1:18:01:: - a golfer who hits the golf ball with a driver
4. driver%1:10:00:: - (computer science) a program...
5. driver%1:06:00:: - a golf club...

The context is clearly about a person driving a truck (motor vehicle). The text mentions "the truck came to a stop", "the angry driver jumped down from the cab", and "truck driver's face".

Therefore, sense 1 (the operator of a motor vehicle) is the correct choice.

The target is the surface form "driver" in the sentence "So the <t>driver</t> started to curse at both of them..."

Given the context about a truck and cab, this is definitely the operator of a motor vehicle.

So the answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: DigitalOcean

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: start
Target surface form: started
Context:
Brakes howled and a horn blared furiously, but the man would have been hit if Phil hadn't called out to him a second before. His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver <t>started</t> to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=start%2:30:00:: | definition=take the first step or steps in carrying out an action | synonyms=get down, begin, get, start out, set about, set out | examples=We began working at dawn; Who will start?
2. sense_key=start%2:30:01:: | definition=set in motion, cause to start | synonyms=begin, lead off, commence | examples=The U.S. started a war in the Middle East; The Iraqis began hostilities
3. sense_key=start%2:38:02:: | definition=leave | synonyms=depart, part, start out, set forth, set off, set out | examples=The family took off for Florida
4. sense_key=start%2:42:00:: | definition=have a beginning, in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense | synonyms=begin | examples=The DMZ begins right over the hill; The second movement begins after the Allegro
5. sense_key=start%2:36:00:: | definition=bring into being | synonyms=originate, initiate | examples=He initiated a new program; Start a foundation
6. sense_key=start%2:36:01:: | definition=get off the ground | synonyms=start up, embark on, commence | examples=Who started this company?; We embarked on an exciting enterprise
7. sense_key=start%2:38:04:: | definition=move or jump suddenly, as if in surprise or alarm | synonyms=startle, jump | examples=She startled when I walked into the room
8. sense_key=start%2:38:01:: | definition=get going or set in motion | synonyms=start up | examples=We simply could not start the engine; start up the computer
9. sense_key=start%2:38:00:: | definition=begin or set in motion | synonyms=go, get going | examples=I start at eight in the morning; Ready, set, go!
10. sense_key=start%2:41:00:: | definition=begin work or acting in a certain capacity, office or job | synonyms=take up | examples=Take up a position; start a new job
11. sense_key=start%2:33:00:: | definition=play in the starting lineup
12. sense_key=start%2:42:03:: | definition=have a beginning characterized in some specified way | synonyms=begin | examples=The novel begins with a murder; My property begins with the three maple trees
13. sense_key=start%2:41:04:: | definition=begin an event that is implied and limited by the nature or inherent function of the direct object | synonyms=begin | examples=begin a cigar; She started the soup while it was still hot
14. sense_key=start%2:38:03:: | definition=bulge outward | synonyms=protrude, pop, pop out, bulge, bulge out, bug out | examples=His eyes popped

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "started" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them
 - The stranger was thanking Haney profusely
 - So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record

 The key phrase is "started to curse". This means the driver began cursing, initiated the action of cursing.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=start%2:30:00:: | definition=take the first step or steps in carrying out an action | synonyms=get down, begin, get, start out, set about, set out | examples=We began working at dawn; Who will start?
 - This seems to fit. "Started to curse" means began cursing, took the first steps in the action of cursing.

 2. sense_key=start%2:30:01:: | definition=set in motion, cause to start | synonyms=begin, lead off, commence | examples=The U.S. started a war in the Middle East; The Iraqis began hostilities
 - This is more about causing something to start, like starting a war. The driver is starting to curse (beginning to curse), not causing something else to start.

 3. sense_key=start%2:38:02:: | definition=leave | synonyms=depart, part, start out, set forth, set off, set out | examples=The family took off for Florida
 - This is about leaving/departing. Doesn't fit.

 4. sense_key=start%2:42:00:: | definition=have a beginning, in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense | synonyms=begin | examples=The DMZ begins right over the hill; The second movement begins after the Allegro
 - This is about something having a beginning point (spatial or temporal). "The movie starts at 8pm". But here it's "started to curse" - an action.

 5. sense_key=start%2:36:00:: | definition=bring into being | synonyms=originate, initiate | examples=He initiated a new program; Start a foundation
 - This is about creating/establishing something. Not quite right for starting to curse.

 6. sense_key=start%2:36:01:: | definition=get off the ground | synonyms=start up, embark on, commence | examples=Who started this company?; We embarked on an exciting enterprise
 - This is about starting organizations, companies, enterprises.

 7. sense_key=start%2:38:04:: | definition=move or jump suddenly, as if in surprise or alarm | synonyms=startle, jump | examples=She startled when I walked into the room
 - This is the "startle" sense. Not applicable here.

 8. sense_key=start%2:38:01:: | definition=get going or set in motion | synonyms=start up | examples=We simply could not start the engine; start up the computer
 - This is about starting machines/engines.

 9. sense_key=start%2:38:00:: | definition=begin or set in motion | synonyms=go, get going | examples=I start at eight in the morning; Ready, set, go!
 - This could work, but seems more about starting a journey or machine. "I start at eight" refers to beginning work.

 10. sense_key=start%2:41:00:: | definition=begin work or acting in a certain capacity, office or job | synonyms=take up | examples=Take up a position; start a new job
 - This is about starting a job/position.

 11. sense_key=start%2:33:00:: | definition=play in the starting lineup
 - Sports context. Not applicable.

 12. sense_key=start%2:42:03:: | definition=have a beginning characterized in some specified way | synonyms=begin | examples=The novel begins with a murder; My property begins with the three maple trees
 - This is about something beginning in a certain way (spatial or narrative).

 13. sense_key=start%2:41:04:: | definition=begin an event that is implied and limited by the nature or inherent function of the direct object | synonyms=begin | examples=begin a cigar; She started the soup while it was still hot
 - This is about starting to do something with an object (smoking a cigar, cooking soup). "Started the soup" means began cooking it.

 14. sense_key=start%2:38:03:: | definition=bulge outward | synonyms=protrude, pop, pop out, bulge, bulge out, bug out | examples=His eyes popped
 - Physical bulging. Not applicable.

 Now, between sense 1 and sense 13 (and maybe 9):

 Sense 1: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action" - examples: "We began working at dawn", "Who will start?"
 Sense 13: "begin an event that is implied and limited by the nature or inherent function of the direct object" - examples: "begin a cigar", "She started the soup"

 In our sentence: "the driver started to curse at both of them"

 This is "start to curse" or "start cursing". This is beginning an action.

 Sense 1 seems to be the most general sense of beginning an activity/action. The examples include "We began working at dawn" which is similar to starting to curse.

 Sense 13 seems to require a direct object that implies the action (like "start the soup" implies cooking, "start a cigar" implies smoking). But here we have "started to curse" (infinitive) or we could think of it as "started cursing". Actually, looking at the text: "started to curse".

 Wait, looking carefully at sense 13: "begin an event that is implied and limited by the nature or inherent function of the direct object". The examples are "begin a cigar" (begin smoking a cigar), "She started the soup" (began cooking the soup).

 In our case, "started to curse" - the structure is different. It's start + to + verb (infinitive).

 Sense 1 examples: "We began working at dawn" - begin + gerund. "Who will start?" - intransitive.

 But actually, looking at WordNet sense 1 (start%2:30:00): "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action" - this is the intransitive or general transitive sense of beginning to do something.

 Sense 13 is specifically about starting a direct object where the object implies the activity (like starting a cigar = starting to smoke the cigar).

 In "started to curse", we have an infinitive complement, not a direct object like "the soup" or "a cigar".

 Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action".

 Let me double-check sense 9: "begin or set in motion" - examples: "I start at eight in the morning" (this is about starting work, beginning at a time), "Ready, set, go!" (imperative to begin).

 Sense 1 seems more focused on the action of beginning an activity, while sense 9 seems more about setting something in motion or beginning at a specific time.

 Actually, looking at the WordNet structure:
 - Sense 1 (start%2:30:00) is under verb.communication? No, looking at the key: start%2:30:00 - 30 is the lexicographer file number. In WordNet, 30 is "verb.change"?

 Wait, the format is: lemma%lexical_category:lex_file_num:lex_id:head_word:head_id

 So:
 - 2 = verb
 - 30 = ?
 - 38 = ?
 - 36 = ?
 - 42 = ?
 - 41 = ?
 - 33 = ?

 Actually, standard WordNet lexicographer file numbers:
 - 30 might be verb.social or verb.change?
 - 38 is verb.motion
 - 36 is verb.creation
 - 42 is verb.stative
 - 41 is verb.consumption?
 - 33 is verb.competition?

 Let me think about the actual WordNet senses:

 Sense 1 (2:30:00): This is likely the general sense of beginning an action.
 Sense 13 (2:41:04): This is "begin to smoke", "begin to cook" - specific consumption activities.

 In the sentence "the driver started to curse", this is beginning a verbal action (cursing).

 Sense 1 definition: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action"
 Examples: "We began working at dawn; Who will start?"

 This matches perfectly. The driver took the first steps in carrying out the action of cursing.

 Sense 13 would be if it said "started a curse" or something like that, but even then, "curse" as a noun would be different. But with "to curse" (verb), it's clearly beginning an activity.

 Therefore, the answer is sense 1.

 Wait, I should check if there's any other sense that might fit better.

 Sense 2: "set in motion, cause to start" - transitive, causing something else to begin. Not "started to curse".

 Sense 9: "begin or set in motion" - could be "the movie starts", "I start at 8". But "started to curse" is more about initiating an action (sense 1) than setting something in motion.

 Actually, looking at the examples for sense 9: "I start at eight in the morning" - this is about beginning a period of work/activity at a time. "Ready, set, go!" - imperative to begin.

 Sense 1 examples: "We began working at dawn" - this is beginning the activity of working.

 "Started to curse" is beginning the activity of cursing. So sense 1.

 The index is 1.

 So: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: ModelRun


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: curse
Target surface form: curse
Context:
Brakes howled and a horn blared furiously, but the man would have been hit if Phil hadn't called out to him a second before. His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to <t>curse</t> at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=curse%2:32:00:: | definition=utter obscenities or profanities | synonyms=cuss, blaspheme, swear, imprecate | examples=The drunken men were cursing loudly in the street
2. sense_key=curse%2:32:02:: | definition=heap obscenities upon | examples=The taxi driver who felt he didn't get a high enough tip cursed the passenger
3. sense_key=curse%2:32:01:: | definition=wish harm upon; invoke evil upon | synonyms=beshrew, damn, bedamn, anathemize, anathemise, imprecate | examples=The bad witch cursed the child
4. sense_key=curse%2:32:03:: | definition=exclude from a church or a religious community | synonyms=excommunicate, unchurch | examples=The gay priest was excommunicated when he married his partner

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the word "curse" in the given context.

Let me analyze the context:
- A truck driver is angry because he almost hit someone, but Phil warned the man, so the driver had to stop suddenly
- The driver jumps down from the cab and walks back toward them
- The stranger (who was saved) is thanking Haney (Phil/Haney seem to be the same person or there's a name confusion - actually looking at it, Phil called out, but then it says "the stranger was thanking Haney" - likely Phil is Haney or there's an error, but anyway)
- The driver starts to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record
- The man he saved turns and looks at the driver without saying a word

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=curse%2:32:00:: | definition=utter obscenities or profanities | synonyms=cuss, blaspheme, swear, imprecate | examples=The drunken men were cursing loudly in the street
   - This is about uttering profanities/obscenities generally.

2. sense_key=curse%2:32:02:: | definition=heap obscenities upon | examples=The taxi driver who felt he didn't get a high enough tip cursed the passenger
   - This is about directing obscenities at someone specifically (heap upon).

3. sense_key=curse%2:32:01:: | definition=wish harm upon; invoke evil upon | synonyms=beshrew, damn, bedamn, anathemize, anathemise, imprecate | examples=The bad witch cursed the child
   - This is about magical cursing, invoking evil, etc.

4. sense_key=curse%2:32:03:: | definition=exclude from a church or a religious community | synonyms=excommunicate, unchurch | examples=The gay priest was excommunicated when he married his partner
   - This is clearly about excommunication, not relevant here.

Now, between sense 1 and sense 2:
- Sense 1 (curse%2:32:00::) is the more general "utter obscenities or profanities"
- Sense 2 (curse%2:32:02::) is specifically "heap obscenities upon" someone

The context says: "the driver started to curse at both of them" - the preposition "at" suggests directing the cursing toward them. The example for sense 2 specifically mentions "cursed the passenger" which is similar to cursing at both of them.

However, looking at the glosses more carefully:
- Sense 1: "utter obscenities or profanities" - this can be transitive or intransitive? The example "cursing loudly in the street" suggests intransitive usage.
- Sense 2: "heap obscenities upon" - this is definitely transitive, directed at someone.

In the context, the driver is angry and cursing AT both of them. This suggests sense 2 - heaping obscenities upon them.

But wait, let me check the WordNet sense keys to make sure I understand the numbering correctly. The user provided:
1. sense_key=curse%2:32:00::
2. sense_key=curse%2:32:02::
3. sense_key=curse%2:32:01::
4. sense_key=curse%2:32:03::

The indices in the sense keys are:
- 00
- 02
- 01
- 03

But the user wants me to return {"sense_index": N} where N is 1, 2, 3, or 4 corresponding to the order listed.

So:
- Index 1 = curse%2:32:00:: (utter obscenities)
- Index 2 = curse%2:32:02:: (heap obscenities upon)
- Index 3 = curse%2:32:01:: (wish harm upon)
- Index 4 = curse%2:32:03:: (excommunicate)

Now, in the context: "the driver started to curse at both of them"

Is this:
1. Just swearing/uttering profanities (possibly directed at them)?
2. Heaping obscenities upon them?
3. Magically wishing harm?
4. Excommunicating?

Definitely not 3 or 4.

Between 1 and 2:
Sense 2 seems more specific to directing obscenities at someone. The phrase "curse at" strongly suggests directing the cursing toward the recipients.

However, looking at typical WordNet distinctions:
- Sense 1 (curse%2:32:00::) is often the general sense of using profane language.
- Sense 2 (curse%2:32:02::) is specifically about directing abusive language at someone.

The example for sense 2: "The taxi driver who felt he didn't get a high enough tip cursed the passenger" - this is very similar to our context where a driver is cursing at people who (he thinks) wronged him.

The phrase "curse at" is the key here. When you curse AT someone, you are heaping obscenities upon them.

Also, sense 1's example "cursing loudly in the street" suggests general swearing without a specific target, or at least the focus is on the utterance itself.

Given the context mentions "as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record" - the driver is angry at them specifically and directing his verbal abuse at them.

Therefore, sense 2 (index 2) seems best.

Wait, but I need to be careful. Let me reconsider if sense 1 could cover this. "Utter obscenities or profanities" can certainly be done "at" someone. But sense 2 is specifically defined as "heap obscenities upon" which captures the directed nature better.

Actually, looking at the WordNet entry for curse (verb):
- WordNet usually has:
  1. curse, cuss, blaspheme, swear, imprecate -- (utter obscenities or profanities; "The drunken men were cursing loudly in the street")
  2. curse -- (heap obscenities upon; "The taxi driver who felt he didn't get a high enough tip cursed the passenger")
  3. curse, beshrew, damn, bedamn, anathemize, anathemise, imprecate -- (wish harm upon; invoke evil upon; "The bad witch cursed the child")
  4. excommunicate, unchurch, curse -- (exclude from a church or a religious community)

So yes, the distinction between 1 and 2 is that 2 is transitive with a human object (heaping upon), while 1 can be intransitive or general.

In the text: "curse at both of them" - this is directed at people.

Therefore, sense index 2 is the best choice.

But let me double-check if there's any possibility of sense 3 (magical curse). No, the context is clearly about an angry driver using bad language, not performing magic.

So the answer should be {"sense_index": 2}.

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: plot
Target surface form: plot
Context:
Brakes howled and a horn blared furiously, but the man would have been hit if Phil hadn't called out to him a second before. His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a <t>plot</t> together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=plot%1:09:00:: | definition=a secret scheme to do something (especially something underhand or illegal) | synonyms=secret plan, game | examples=they concocted a plot to discredit the governor; I saw through his little game from the start
2. sense_key=plot%1:15:00:: | definition=a small area of ground covered by specific vegetation | synonyms=plot of land, plot of ground, patch | examples=a bean plot; a cabbage patch
3. sense_key=plot%1:10:00:: | definition=the story that is told in a novel or play or movie etc. | examples=the characters were well drawn but the plot was banal
4. sense_key=plot%1:10:01:: | definition=a chart or map showing the movements or progress of an object

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "plot" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - A man almost got hit by a truck
 - Phil shouted a warning involuntarily
 - The truck driver is angry
 - The driver curses at both Phil and the stranger "as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record"

 The key phrase is "in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record". This suggests a secret scheme or conspiracy between the two men to intentionally cause the accident or near-miss to ruin the driver's record.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=plot%1:09:00:: | definition=a secret scheme to do something (especially something underhand or illegal) | synonyms=secret plan, game | examples=they concocted a plot to discredit the governor; I saw through his little game from the start

 This fits perfectly. The driver thinks they were in a secret scheme together to ruin his record. The synonyms "secret plan" and "game" (in the sense of scheme) fit. The example "they concocted a plot to discredit the governor" shows the same sense of a secret plan.

 2. sense_key=plot%1:15:00:: | definition=a small area of ground covered by specific vegetation | synonyms=plot of land, plot of ground, patch | examples=a bean plot; a cabbage patch

 This is about land/vegetation. Doesn't fit the context at all.

 3. sense_key=plot%1:10:00:: | definition=the story that is told in a novel or play or movie etc. | examples=the characters were well drawn but the plot was banal

 This is about narrative structure. Doesn't fit. The driver isn't accusing them of being in a story together.

 4. sense_key=plot%1:10:01:: | definition=a chart or map showing the movements or progress of an object

 This is about charts/maps. Doesn't fit.

 So the correct sense is clearly sense 1: a secret scheme to do something (especially something underhand or illegal).

 The driver is accusing them of conspiring together, being in cahoots, having a secret plan to ruin his driving record.

 Therefore, the answer should be {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: Phala


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: ruin
Target surface form: ruin
Context:
Brakes howled and a horn blared furiously, but the man would have been hit if Phil hadn't called out to him a second before. His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to <t>ruin</t> his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ruin%2:35:00:: | definition=destroy completely; damage irreparably | synonyms=destroy | examples=You have ruined my car by pouring sugar in the tank!; The tears ruined her make-up
2. sense_key=ruin%2:41:00:: | definition=destroy or cause to fail | examples=This behavior will ruin your chances of winning the election
3. sense_key=ruin%2:40:00:: | definition=reduce to bankruptcy | synonyms=bankrupt, break, smash | examples=My daughter's fancy wedding is going to break me!; The slump in the financial markets smashed him
4. sense_key=ruin%2:35:01:: | definition=reduce to ruins | examples=The country lay ruined after the war
5. sense_key=ruin%2:35:02:: | definition=deprive of virginity | synonyms=deflower | examples=This dirty old man deflowered several young girls in the village
6. sense_key=ruin%2:30:00:: | definition=fall into ruin

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "ruin" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - A truck driver is angry because he almost hit a man
 - The driver curses at Phil and the stranger "as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record"
 - The driver is concerned about his safe-driving record being damaged/destroyed

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=ruin%2:35:00:: - destroy completely; damage irreparably (physical destruction)
    - Examples: ruining a car with sugar, tears ruining make-up
    - This is about physical damage or complete destruction of objects

 2. sense_key=ruin%2:41:00:: - destroy or cause to fail (abstract, chances/opportunities)
    - Examples: ruining chances of winning the election
    - This is about causing failure or spoiling opportunities/abstract things

 3. sense_key=ruin%2:40:00:: - reduce to bankruptcy (financial)
    - Examples: wedding breaking someone financially
    - This is specifically about financial ruin/bankruptcy

 4. sense_key=ruin%2:35:01:: - reduce to ruins (physical structures)
    - Examples: country lay ruined after war
    - This is about reducing buildings/structures to ruins

 5. sense_key=ruin%2:35:02:: - deprive of virginity
    - This is a specific sexual sense, clearly not applicable here

 6. sense_key=ruin%2:30:00:: - fall into ruin (intransitive, becoming ruined)
    - This is intransitive, but our context is transitive (to ruin something)

 In the context, the driver is talking about his "safe-driving record" - this is an abstract concept, not a physical object. He's accusing them of trying to damage or spoil his record (which would cause him to fail at maintaining a perfect record).

 This matches sense 2: "destroy or cause to fail" - specifically regarding chances, opportunities, or abstract achievements like a driving record.

 Sense 1 is about physical destruction (car, make-up).
 Sense 2 is about causing failure or destroying chances/opportunities.
 Sense 3 is specifically financial.
 Sense 4 is about physical structures becoming ruins.
 Sense 5 is sexual.
 Sense 6 is intransitive.

 The safe-driving record is an abstract achievement/status that could be "ruined" (caused to fail) by an accident or incident. This aligns with sense 2: "destroy or cause to fail" - "This behavior will ruin your chances of winning the election" is analogous to "ruin his safe-driving record."

 Actually, let me reconsider. Is a "safe-driving record" more like a physical thing or an abstract opportunity? It's a record of his driving history. If he hits someone, it damages his record - makes it no longer perfect.

 But looking at the examples:
 - Sense 1: "You have ruined my car" - physical object destroyed
 - Sense 2: "ruin your chances" - abstract opportunity destroyed
 - Sense 3: financial bankruptcy
 - Sense 4: "reduce to ruins" - buildings/land

 A driving record could be seen as something that can be damaged (sense 1 - damage irreparably) or caused to fail (sense 2).

 However, "safe-driving record" is an abstract concept - it's a status or track record. If you have an accident, you ruin (destroy) your safe-driving record.

 Let me look more carefully at the distinction between sense 1 and sense 2.

 Sense 1: "destroy completely; damage irreparably" - synonyms: destroy
 Sense 2: "destroy or cause to fail" - no synonyms listed, but examples show "ruin your chances"

 The key difference seems to be:
 - Sense 1 is about physical damage or complete destruction of tangible things
 - Sense 2 is about causing failure of plans, chances, opportunities, or abstract goals

 A "safe-driving record" is an abstract record/achievement. Having an accident would cause it to fail (no longer be a safe-driving record) or be destroyed.

 But wait, is there a sense about "damage" vs "cause to fail"?

 Actually, looking at WordNet structure:
 - ruin%2:35:00:: is usually the physical destruction sense
 - ruin%2:41:00:: is the "destroy or cause to fail" sense which often applies to abstract things like chances, reputation, etc.

 The example for sense 2: "This behavior will ruin your chances of winning the election" - this is about spoiling/destroying the chances.

 In our context: "ruin his safe-driving record" - this is about damaging or destroying the record (making it no longer clean/pristine).

 I think sense 2 is the best fit because:
 1. A driving record is an abstract record/achievement, not a physical object
 2. It's about causing the record to fail (no longer be perfect) or destroying the integrity of the record
 3. Sense 1 is more about physical damage (car, make-up)

 However, I should also consider if "record" could be treated as something that gets damaged (sense 1). But typically, WordNet distinguishes between physical destruction (sense 1, 4) and abstract failure (sense 2).

 Actually, looking at the sense keys:
 - ruin%2:35:00:: (sense 1) - destroy completely; damage irreparably
 - ruin%2:41:00:: (sense 2) - destroy or cause to fail

 The verb frames might help. Sense 2:41:00 suggests it's in the "social" or "cognition" frame? Actually, the numbers after %2 indicate the lexicographer file (noun, verb, adj, adv). For verbs:
 - 35 = verb.contact (touching, hitting, etc.)
 - 41 = verb.social (social actions)
 - 40 = verb.possession (financial)
 - 30 = verb.change

 Wait, let me check WordNet verb lexicographer file numbers:
 - 29 = verb.body
 - 30 = verb.change
 - 35 = verb.contact
 - 36 = verb.creation
 - 38 = verb.emotion
 - 40 = verb.possession
 - 41 = verb.social
 - 42 = verb.stat

 Actually, looking at standard WordNet verb file numbers:
 - 35 is verb.contact (hit, touch, etc.)
 - 41 is verb.social (marry, greet, etc.) or is it verb.cognition? Let me think.

 Actually, standard Princeton WordNet verb files:
 - 00 = verb
 - 29 = body
 - 30 = change
 - 31 = cognition
 - 32 = communication
 - 33 = competition
 - 34 = consumption
 - 35 = contact
 - 36 = creation
 - 37 = emotion
 - 38 = motion
 - 39 = perception
 - 40 = possession
 - 41 = social
 - 42 = stative
 - 43 = weather

 So:
 - sense 1 (35) = verb.contact - physical contact/damage
 - sense 2 (41) = verb.social - social actions (ruining chances, reputation)
 - sense 3 (40) = verb.possession - financial (bankrupt)
 - sense 4 (35) = verb.contact - also contact (reduce to ruins)
 - sense 5 (35) = verb.contact - sexual contact (deflower)
 - sense 6 (30) = verb.change - change of state (fall into ruin)

 Given that "safe-driving record" is a social/abstract concept (a record of one's driving behavior), and the driver is concerned about his social standing/reputation as a driver, sense 2 (verb.social) seems most appropriate.

 The example "ruin your chances of winning the election" is clearly social/abstract, similar to ruining a driving record.

 Therefore, the answer should be sense index 2.

 Wait, I need to be careful. The user lists them as:
 1. sense_key=ruin%2:35:00::
 2. sense_key=ruin%2:41:00::
 3. sense_key=ruin%2:40:00::
 4. sense_key=ruin%2:35:01::
 5. sense_key=ruin%2:35:02::
 6. sense_key=ruin%2:30:00::

 So index 2 is ruin%2:41:00:: - destroy or cause to fail.

 Yes, this is the correct sense. The driver believes they plotted to cause his safe-driving record to fail (be destroyed as a clean record).

 Final check: Could it be sense 1? "Damage irreparably" - could you damage a record irreparably? Yes, but sense 1 is in the contact file (physical), while sense 2 is social (abstract). A driving record is abstract.

 Could it be sense 3 (bankruptcy)? No, no financial context.

 Could it be sense 4 (reduce to ruins)? That's for buildings/physical structures.

 So sense 2 is definitely correct.

 The JSON should be: {"sense_index": 2}

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: record
Target surface form: record
Context:
Brakes howled and a horn blared furiously, but the man would have been hit if Phil hadn't called out to him a second before. His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving <t>record</t>. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=record%1:10:03:: | definition=anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events | examples=the film provided a valuable record of stage techniques
2. sense_key=record%1:06:00:: | definition=sound recording consisting of a disk with a continuous groove; used to reproduce music by rotating while a phonograph needle tracks in the groove | synonyms=phonograph record, phonograph recording, disk, disc, platter
3. sense_key=record%1:23:00:: | definition=the number of wins versus losses and ties a team has had | examples=at 9-0 they have the best record in their league
4. sense_key=record%1:04:01:: | definition=the sum of recognized accomplishments | synonyms=track record | examples=the lawyer has a good record; the track record shows that he will be a good president
5. sense_key=record%1:10:02:: | definition=a compilation of the known facts regarding something or someone | synonyms=record book, book | examples=Al Smith used to say, `Let's look at the record'; his name is in all the record books
6. sense_key=record%1:04:00:: | definition=an extreme attainment; the best (or worst) performance ever attested (as in a sport) | examples=he tied the Olympic record; coffee production last year broke all previous records
7. sense_key=record%1:21:00:: | definition=a document that can serve as legal evidence of a transaction | examples=they could find no record of the purchase
8. sense_key=record%1:10:00:: | definition=a list of crimes for which an accused person has been previously convicted | synonyms=criminal record | examples=he ruled that the criminal record of the defendant could not be disclosed to the court; the prostitute had a record a mile long

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "record" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The sentence is: "So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving <t>record</t>."
 - The context involves a truck driver who is angry because he almost hit someone, and he's worried about his "safe-driving record".
 - This refers to his history or track record of safe driving - the sum of his accomplishments or history regarding safe driving.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. record%1:10:03:: - anything providing permanent evidence of past events (document, phonograph record, photograph)
    - This is too general. While a driving record could be a document, the context suggests the abstract concept of his driving history/performance, not a physical document.

 2. record%1:06:00:: - sound recording (phonograph record, disk, disc)
    - Clearly wrong. Not about music.

 3. record%1:23:00:: - the number of wins versus losses and ties a team has had
    - This is specifically about sports statistics (wins/losses/ties). While "record" can mean win-loss record, "safe-driving record" isn't about wins and losses in a competition.

 4. record%1:04:01:: - the sum of recognized accomplishments; track record
    - Examples: "the lawyer has a good record", "the track record shows that he will be a good president"
    - Synonyms: track record
    - This fits well. A "safe-driving record" refers to the history or track record of one's driving safety - the sum of accomplishments (or lack of incidents) over time.

 5. record%1:10:02:: - a compilation of known facts regarding something or someone; record book
    - Examples mention "look at the record", "his name is in all the record books"
    - This could work, but it's more about factual compilations or books of records. The context emphasizes the driver's history/performance rather than a specific compilation of facts in a book.

 6. record%1:04:00:: - an extreme attainment; the best (or worst) performance ever attested
    - Examples: "tied the Olympic record", "broke all previous records"
    - This is about setting records (best/worst ever). The context isn't about breaking a record or an extreme attainment, but about maintaining a good history.

 7. record%1:21:00:: - a document that can serve as legal evidence of a transaction
    - Examples: "no record of the purchase"
    - This is about legal/financial documents. While driving records exist as documents, the context focuses on the abstract concept of his driving history/reputation.

 8. record%1:10:00:: - a list of crimes; criminal record
    - Examples mention criminal record
    - Not relevant here. Safe-driving record isn't a criminal record.

 The best fit is sense 4: record%1:04:01:: - "the sum of recognized accomplishments" with synonym "track record".

 The phrase "safe-driving record" is an established collocation meaning the history of one's driving safety - essentially one's track record regarding accidents, violations, etc. This matches the definition "the sum of recognized accomplishments" (or in this case, the pattern of behavior/incidents).

 The driver is worried that the near-accident (or the incident itself) will ruin his good history/track record of safe driving.

 So the answer should be sense_index 4.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: man
Target surface form: man
Context:
His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the <t>man</t> he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=man%1:18:00:: | definition=an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman) | synonyms=adult male | examples=there were two women and six men on the bus
2. sense_key=man%1:18:03:: | definition=someone who serves in the armed forces; a member of a military force | synonyms=serviceman, military man, military personnel | examples=two men stood sentry duty
3. sense_key=man%1:18:04:: | definition=the generic use of the word to refer to any human being | examples=it was every man for himself
4. sense_key=man%1:05:01:: | definition=any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae characterized by superior intelligence, articulate speech, and erect carriage | synonyms=homo, human being, human
5. sense_key=man%1:18:08:: | definition=a male subordinate | examples=the chief stationed two men outside the building; he awaited word from his man in Havana
6. sense_key=man%1:18:06:: | definition=an adult male person who has a manly character (virile and courageous competent) | examples=the army will make a man of you
7. sense_key=man%1:18:05:: | definition=a manservant who acts as a personal attendant to his employer | synonyms=valet, valet de chambre, gentleman, gentleman's gentleman | examples=Jeeves was Bertie Wooster's man
8. sense_key=man%1:18:07:: | definition=a male person who plays a significant role (husband or lover or boyfriend) in the life of a particular woman | examples=she takes good care of her man
9. sense_key=man%1:15:00:: | definition=one of the British Isles in the Irish Sea | synonyms=Isle of Man
10. sense_key=man%1:06:00:: | definition=game equipment consisting of an object used in playing certain board games | synonyms=piece | examples=he taught me to set up the men on the chess board; he sacrificed a piece to get a strategic advantage
11. sense_key=man%1:05:00:: | definition=all of the living human inhabitants of the earth | synonyms=world, human race, humanity, humankind, human beings, humans | examples=all the world loves a lover; she always used `humankind' because `mankind' seemed to slight the women

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
 The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "man" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The story involves a truck driver, Haney, and a stranger who was saved by Haney.
 - The sentence in question: "Then the <t>man</t> he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face..."
 - "He" refers to Haney (based on context: "the stranger was thanking Haney profusely")
 - So "the man he saved" refers to the stranger who was saved by Haney.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. man%1:18:00:: - an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)
    - This is the general sense of an adult male human.
    - Example: "there were two women and six men on the bus"
    - This could fit, as the stranger is presumably an adult male.

 2. man%1:18:03:: - someone who serves in the armed forces
    - No indication of military context here.

 3. man%1:18:04:: - the generic use of the word to refer to any human being
    - Example: "it was every man for himself"
    - This is the generic/humanity sense, but here we're referring to a specific individual.

 4. man%1:05:01:: - any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae (human being)
    - This is the biological species sense (homo sapiens).
    - While technically correct, this is usually used in anthropological/scientific contexts, not narrative fiction about specific individuals.

 5. man%1:18:08:: - a male subordinate
    - Example: "his man in Havana"
    - No indication of subordinate relationship here.

 6. man%1:18:06:: - an adult male person who has a manly character (virile and courageous competent)
    - Example: "the army will make a man of you"
    - This emphasizes manliness/courage. While the man might be acting courageously, the sense seems to focus on the character trait rather than just referring to the person.

 7. man%1:18:05:: - a manservant who acts as a personal attendant
    - Example: "Jeeves was Bertie Wooster's man"
    - Clearly not applicable here.

 8. man%1:18:07:: - a male person who plays a significant role (husband or lover or boyfriend) in the life of a particular woman
    - No indication of romantic relationship here.

 9. man%1:15:00:: - Isle of Man
    - Geographic location, not applicable.

 10. man%1:06:00:: - game equipment (chess piece)
    - Not applicable.

 11. man%1:05:00:: - all of the living human inhabitants of the earth (mankind)
    - Collective sense, not applicable to a specific individual.

 So the choice is between sense 1 (adult male person) and sense 4 (human being/homo).

 Sense 1: "an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)" - this is the standard count noun sense for an individual adult male.

 Sense 4: "any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae..." - this is more scientific/biological.

 In narrative fiction, when referring to "the man he saved," we are using the standard adult male sense (sense 1), not the biological species sense (sense 4). The biological species sense (homo) is used in contexts like "early man" or "man's evolution," not for specific individuals in a story.

 Also, looking at the examples for sense 1: "there were two women and six men on the bus" - this is exactly the type of usage we have here, referring to a specific adult male individual.

 The context describes a specific interaction between individuals: a truck driver, Haney, and the man (stranger) who was saved. This is a straightforward reference to an adult male human being.

 Therefore, the best sense is sense 1: man%1:18:00:: (an adult person who is male).

 Wait, let me double-check the indexing. The user lists them as:
 1. sense_key=man%1:18:00::
 2. sense_key=man%1:18:03::
 3. sense_key=man%1:18:04::
 4. sense_key=man%1:05:01::
 5. sense_key=man%1:18:08::
 6. sense_key=man%1:18:06::
 7. sense_key=man%1:18:05::
 8. sense_key=man%1:18:07::
 9. sense_key=man%1:15:00::
 10. sense_key=man%1:06:00::
 11. sense_key=man%1:05:00::

 So sense_index should be 1.

 But let me reconsider if sense 4 (human being) could be better. In WordNet, sense 4 (man%1:05:01::) is the "homo, human being, human" sense. This is often used when emphasizing the species or when "man" is used as a synonym for "human" in a general sense. But here, we have "the man he saved" - a specific, countable individual. This aligns with sense 1.

 Also, sense 3 is "the generic use of the word to refer to any human being" - this is for statements like "man is mortal" or "every man for himself." Not applicable here.

 Sense 11 is the collective "mankind" sense.

 So yes, sense 1 is correct.

 One final check: Is there any indication that "man" here refers to something else? The phrase is "the man he saved". This is clearly referring back to the "stranger" mentioned earlier ("the stranger was thanking Haney"). The stranger is described as a "guy" earlier ("he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit"). So "the man" = "the guy" = "the stranger" = an adult male person.

 Therefore, sense_index: 1.

provider: Chutes


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: save
Target surface form: saved
Context:
His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he <t>saved</t> turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=save%2:41:01:: | definition=save from ruin, destruction, or harm | synonyms=salvage, salve, relieve
2. sense_key=save%2:40:00:: | definition=to keep up and reserve for personal or special use | synonyms=preserve | examples=She saved the old family photographs in a drawer
3. sense_key=save%2:41:00:: | definition=bring into safety | synonyms=carry through, pull through, bring through | examples=We pulled through most of the victims of the bomb attack
4. sense_key=save%2:40:02:: | definition=spend less; buy at a reduced price
5. sense_key=save%2:40:01:: | definition=accumulate money for future use | synonyms=lay aside, save up | examples=He saves half his salary
6. sense_key=save%2:30:00:: | definition=make unnecessary an expenditure or effort | synonyms=make unnecessary | examples=This will save money; I'll save you the trouble
7. sense_key=save%2:41:02:: | definition=save from sins | synonyms=deliver, redeem
8. sense_key=save%2:41:05:: | definition=refrain from harming | synonyms=spare
9. sense_key=save%2:40:04:: | definition=spend sparingly, avoid the waste of | synonyms=economize, economise | examples=This move will save money; The less fortunate will have to economize now
10. sense_key=save%2:40:03:: | definition=retain rights to | synonyms=keep open, hold open, keep | examples=keep my job for me while I give birth; keep my seat, please
11. sense_key=save%2:32:04:: | definition=record data on a computer | synonyms=write | examples=boot-up instructions are written on the hard disk

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "saved" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - A guy (Haney) shouted involuntarily to warn someone
 - A truck was involved, and the driver was angry
 - The stranger was thanking Haney profusely
 - The driver thought they were in a plot together
 - "Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face"

 So Haney "saved" the man from being hit by the truck. The context suggests preventing physical harm or danger.

 Now let's look at the candidate senses:

 1. save%2:41:01:: - save from ruin, destruction, or harm | synonyms=salvage, salve, relieve
    - This fits well. The man was potentially going to be hit by the truck, so Haney saved him from harm/physical destruction.

 2. save%2:40:00:: - to keep up and reserve for personal or special use
    - Doesn't fit. Not about preserving objects.

 3. save%2:41:00:: - bring into safety | synonyms=carry through, pull through, bring through | examples=We pulled through most of the victims of the bomb attack
    - This also fits well. Bringing someone to safety from a dangerous situation (truck hitting them).

 4. save%2:40:02:: - spend less; buy at a reduced price
    - Doesn't fit.

 5. save%2:40:01:: - accumulate money for future use
    - Doesn't fit.

 6. save%2:30:00:: - make unnecessary an expenditure or effort
    - Doesn't fit.

 7. save%2:41:02:: - save from sins
    - Religious context, doesn't fit.

 8. save%2:41:05:: - refrain from harming | synonyms=spare
    - This would mean Haney refrained from harming the man, but the context suggests he actively prevented the truck from hitting him.

 9. save%2:40:04:: - spend sparingly, avoid the waste of
    - Doesn't fit.

 10. save%2:40:03:: - retain rights to
    - Doesn't fit.

 11. save%2:32:04:: - record data on a computer
    - Doesn't fit.

 So it's between sense 1 and sense 3.

 Sense 1: save from ruin, destruction, or harm
 Sense 3: bring into safety

 Looking at the context: "the man he saved" - the man was about to be hit by a truck. Haney shouted to warn him. This prevented the man from being harmed/destroyed by the truck.

 Both could work, but let's look closer at the distinctions:

 Sense 1 (save%2:41:01): "save from ruin, destruction, or harm" - synonyms: salvage, salve, relieve
 Sense 3 (save%2:41:00): "bring into safety" - synonyms: carry through, pull through, bring through

 The example for sense 3 is: "We pulled through most of the victims of the bomb attack" - this suggests rescuing people who are already in a dangerous situation.

 In this context, the man was about to be hit by the truck, and Haney's shout prevented it. So he saved him from harm/destruction.

 However, looking at the specific context: the stranger was thanking Haney profusely. This suggests Haney prevented him from being hit by the truck.

 Actually, looking at the distinction between sense 1 and 3 in WordNet:
 - Sense 1 (2:41:01) is often used for saving someone from harm/danger in a general sense
 - Sense 3 (2:41:00) is specifically about bringing someone through a dangerous situation (like rescuing victims)

 But in this case, the man was saved from being hit by the truck - prevented from harm.

 Wait, I need to check the exact WordNet definitions more carefully.

 Actually, looking at typical WordNet sense distinctions for "save":
 - Sense 1 (2:41:01): save from ruin, destruction, or harm - "The hero saved the child from drowning"
 - Sense 3 (2:41:00): bring into safety - "We pulled through most of the victims"

 In the context: "the man he saved" - the man was in the path of the truck, and Haney prevented him from being hit. This is preventing harm, which aligns with sense 1.

 But actually, looking at the synonyms:
 - Sense 1: salvage, salve, relieve
 - Sense 3: carry through, pull through, bring through

 "Pull through" usually means helping someone survive/recover from an illness or difficult situation they're already in. Here, the man was prevented from being hit - he was saved from harm before it happened.

 However, sense 3's example "We pulled through most of the victims of the bomb attack" suggests rescuing people from an active dangerous situation.

 In this text, the truck was coming, Haney shouted, and the man was presumably saved from being hit. The text says "when the truck came to a stop" - so the truck stopped, possibly because of the shout or because the man moved.

 Actually, reading carefully: "he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down" - so the truck stopped. The man was saved from being hit.

 This is a classic "save from harm" scenario, which is sense 1.

 But let me reconsider sense 3. "Bring into safety" - if the man was in danger and Haney's action brought him to safety.

 Actually, looking at the verb frames:
 - Sense 1: save somebody (from something)
 - Sense 3: save somebody

 In the text: "the man he saved" - no "from" phrase explicitly, but implied from context.

 However, looking at the specific context of the story: The man was about to be hit by the truck. Haney shouted. The truck stopped. The man was saved.

 This is preventing physical harm, which is sense 1.

 But I should verify if sense 3 could apply. Sense 3 examples include pulling through victims. This is more about rescuing people who are already in peril.

 In this case, the man was in the path of the truck (in peril), and Haney saved him.

 Actually, looking at standard WordNet disambiguation:
 - Sense 1: "save from ruin, destruction, or harm" - This is the most common sense for saving someone's life or preventing injury.
 - Sense 3: "bring into safety" - This is more about rescuing or carrying someone through a dangerous situation.

 The key difference is that sense 1 focuses on preventing the bad outcome (harm), while sense 3 focuses on the transfer to safety.

 Given the context where the man was almost hit by a truck, and Haney prevented it, sense 1 (save from harm) seems most appropriate.

 Wait, I should check if there's a specific sense for saving someone from an accident or physical danger.

 Actually, looking at the candidate list again:
 1. save from ruin, destruction, or harm
 3. bring into safety

 Both are close. But the example for sense 3 is about bomb victims - people who are already victims/injured. Here, the man was prevented from becoming a victim.

 Therefore, sense 1 is better: saving from destruction/harm.

 But let me double-check the WordNet sense keys to make sure I have the right indices.

 The user provides:
 1. sense_key=save%2:41:01::
 3. sense_key=save%2:41:00::

 In WordNet:
 - save%2:41:00:: is "bring into safety"
 - save%2:41:01:: is "save from sins"
 - save%2:41:02:: is "save from ruin, destruction, or harm"

 Wait, the user lists:
 1. sense_key=save%2:41:01:: | definition=save from ruin, destruction, or harm
 2. ...
 3. sense_key=save%2:41:00:: | definition=bring into safety

 So the indices in the list don't match the WordNet lexicographer file offsets. The user is numbering them 1-11 for me to choose from.

 So:
 - Index 1: save%2:41:01 (save from ruin, destruction, or harm)
 - Index 3: save%2:41:00 (bring into safety)

 Now, which one fits better?

 Context: Preventing someone from being hit by a truck.

 "Save from ruin, destruction, or harm" fits perfectly. The man would have been harmed/destroyed by the truck.

 "Bring into safety" also fits, but is slightly different - it implies moving someone from danger to safety, whereas this is preventing the danger from occurring.

 However, looking at the example for sense 3: "We pulled through most of the victims of the bomb attack" - this is rescuing people who are already in danger.

 In this story, the man was in the path of the truck (in danger), and Haney saved him.

 But sense 1 has synonyms: salvage, salve, relieve. "Salvage" implies saving something from being destroyed. "Salve" and "relieve" are more about alleviating pain or distress.

 Actually, looking carefully at the context: "the man he saved" - the man is thanking Haney profusely. This is a situation where Haney prevented the man from being hit by the truck.

 This is definitely sense 1: save from ruin, destruction, or harm.

 Sense 3 would be more like if the man was injured and Haney carried him to safety, or if they were in a war zone and Haney got him out safely.

 Therefore, the answer should be index 1.

 Wait, I want to make sure about sense 8 too: "refrain from harming" - this would mean Haney chose not to harm the man, which is not what happened. Haney prevented the truck from harming the man.

 So yes, index 1 is correct.

 Final check: The context describes a near-miss accident. The man was almost hit by a truck. Haney shouted a warning. The man was saved from harm. This matches "save from ruin, destruction, or harm" perfectly.

provider: Moonshot AI


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: turn
Target surface form: turned
Context:
His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved <t>turned</t> and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=turn%2:38:00:: | definition=change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense | examples=Turn towards me; The mugger turned and fled before I could see his face
2. sense_key=turn%2:30:04:: | definition=undergo a transformation or a change of position or action | synonyms=change state | examples=We turned from Socialism to Capitalism; The people turned against the President when he stole the election
3. sense_key=turn%2:42:00:: | definition=undergo a change or development | synonyms=become | examples=The water turned into ice; Her former friend became her worst enemy
4. sense_key=turn%2:38:02:: | definition=cause to move around or rotate | examples=turn a key; turn your palm this way
5. sense_key=turn%2:30:00:: | definition=change to the contrary | synonyms=change by reversal, reverse | examples=The trend was reversed; the tides turned against him
6. sense_key=turn%2:38:03:: | definition=pass to the other side of | synonyms=move around | examples=turn the corner; move around the obstacle
7. sense_key=turn%2:30:03:: | definition=pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become | synonyms=grow | examples=The weather turned nasty; She grew angry
8. sense_key=turn%2:35:08:: | definition=let (something) fall or spill from a container | synonyms=release | examples=turn the flour onto a plate
9. sense_key=turn%2:38:04:: | definition=move around an axis or a center | examples=The wheels are turning
10. sense_key=turn%2:38:01:: | definition=cause to move around a center so as to show another side of | synonyms=turn over | examples=turn a page of a book
11. sense_key=turn%2:38:06:: | definition=to send or let go | examples=They turned away the crowd at the gate of the governor's mansion
12. sense_key=turn%2:36:00:: | definition=to break and turn over earth especially with a plow | synonyms=plow, plough | examples=Farmer Jones plowed his east field last week; turn the earth in the Spring
13. sense_key=turn%2:35:06:: | definition=shape by rotating on a lathe or cutting device or a wheel | examples=turn the legs of the table; turn the clay on the wheel
14. sense_key=turn%2:30:09:: | definition=change color | examples=In Vermont, the leaves turn early
15. sense_key=turn%2:29:00:: | definition=twist suddenly so as to sprain | synonyms=twist, sprain, wrench, wrick, rick | examples=wrench one's ankle; The wrestler twisted his shoulder
16. sense_key=turn%2:42:13:: | definition=cause to change or turn into something different;assume new characteristics | examples=The princess turned the frog into a prince by kissing him; The alchemists tried to turn lead into gold
17. sense_key=turn%2:41:10:: | definition=accomplish by rotating | examples=turn a somersault; turn cartwheels
18. sense_key=turn%2:40:13:: | definition=get by buying and selling | examples=the company turned a good profit after a year
19. sense_key=turn%2:38:13:: | definition=cause to move along an axis or into a new direction | examples=turn your face to the wall; turn the car around
20. sense_key=turn%2:38:14:: | definition=channel one's attention, interest, thought, or attention toward or away from something | examples=The pedophile turned to boys for satisfaction; people turn to mysticism at the turn of a millennium
21. sense_key=turn%2:35:11:: | definition=cause (a plastic object) to assume a crooked or angular form | synonyms=flex, bend, deform, twist | examples=bend the rod; twist the dough into a braid
22. sense_key=turn%2:35:10:: | definition=alter the functioning or setting of | examples=turn the dial to 10; turn the heat down
23. sense_key=turn%2:33:13:: | definition=direct at someone | examples=She turned a smile on me; They turned their flashlights on the car
24. sense_key=turn%2:32:14:: | definition=have recourse to or make an appeal or request for help or information to | synonyms=call on | examples=She called on her Representative to help her; She turned to her relatives for help
25. sense_key=turn%2:30:01:: | definition=go sour or spoil | synonyms=sour, ferment, work | examples=The milk has soured; The wine worked
26. sense_key=turn%2:30:14:: | definition=become officially one year older | examples=She is turning 50 this year

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "turned" in the given context.

 Context analysis:
 - The sentence is: "Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word."
 - The subject is "the man he saved" (the stranger)
 - The action is "turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face"
 - This describes a physical movement where the man rotates his body to face the truck driver

 Looking at the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=turn%2:38:00:: | definition=change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense | examples=Turn towards me; The mugger turned and fled before I could see his face
 - This seems very relevant. The example "The mugger turned and fled before I could see his face" is almost identical in structure to "the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face". Both involve turning the body to face a different direction.

 2. sense_key=turn%2:30:04:: | definition=undergo a transformation or a change of position or action | synonyms=change state
 - This is more about changing state (like turning from socialism to capitalism), not physical rotation.

 3. sense_key=turn%2:42:00:: | definition=undergo a change or development | synonyms=become
 - This is about becoming something (turn into ice), not physical movement.

 4. sense_key=turn%2:38:02:: | definition=cause to move around or rotate | examples=turn a key; turn your palm this way
 - This is transitive (causing something to turn), but here "turned" is intransitive - the man turned himself.

 5. sense_key=turn%2:30:00:: | definition=change to the contrary | synonyms=change by reversal, reverse
 - This is about reversing trends or tides, not physical turning.

 6. sense_key=turn%2:38:03:: | definition=pass to the other side of | synonyms=move around
 - This is about moving around an obstacle or turning a corner, not rotating to face someone.

 7. sense_key=turn%2:30:03:: | definition=pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become | synonyms=grow
 - This is about weather turning nasty, not physical movement.

 8. sense_key=turn%2:35:08:: | definition=let (something) fall or spill from a container
 - Not relevant.

 9. sense_key=turn%2:38:04:: | definition=move around an axis or a center | examples=The wheels are turning
 - This is about continuous rotation (wheels turning), not turning to face someone.

 10. sense_key=turn%2:38:01:: | definition=cause to move around a center so as to show another side of | synonyms=turn over
 - This is transitive (turning a page), not intransitive.

 11. sense_key=turn%2:38:06:: | definition=to send or let go
 - Not relevant.

 12. sense_key=turn%2:36:00:: | definition=to break and turn over earth especially with a plow
 - Not relevant (plowing).

 13. sense_key=turn%2:35:06:: | definition=shape by rotating on a lathe
 - Not relevant.

 14. sense_key=turn%2:30:09:: | definition=change color
 - Not relevant.

 15. sense_key=turn%2:29:00:: | definition=twist suddenly so as to sprain
 - Not relevant.

 16. sense_key=turn%2:42:13:: | definition=cause to change or turn into something different
 - This is about transformation (frog into prince), not physical turning.

 17. sense_key=turn%2:41:10:: | definition=accomplish by rotating
 - This is about turning somersaults.

 18. sense_key=turn%2:40:13:: | definition=get by buying and selling
 - Not relevant.

 19. sense_key=turn%2:38:13:: | definition=cause to move along an axis or into a new direction | examples=turn your face to the wall; turn the car around
 - This is transitive (causing something to turn), but our example is intransitive. However, it's close. But sense 1 seems better because it specifically mentions "change orientation or direction" and has the example "Turn towards me" and "The mugger turned and fled".

 20. sense_key=turn%2:38:14:: | definition=channel one's attention, interest, thought, or attention toward or away from something
 - This is metaphorical (turning attention), though the example mentions "turned to boys". But in our context, it's physical turning followed by looking.

 21. sense_key=turn%2:35:11:: | definition=cause (a plastic object) to assume a crooked or angular form
 - Not relevant.

 22. sense_key=turn%2:35:10:: | definition=alter the functioning or setting of
 - Not relevant (turning dials).

 23. sense_key=turn%2:33:13:: | definition=direct at someone | examples=She turned a smile on me
 - This is about directing something (a smile), not the physical act of turning the body.

 24. sense_key=turn%2:32:14:: | definition=have recourse to or make an appeal
 - Not relevant.

 25. sense_key=turn%2:30:01:: | definition=go sour or spoil
 - Not relevant.

 26. sense_key=turn%2:30:14:: | definition=become officially one year older
 - Not relevant.

 The best match is sense 1: "change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense" with examples "Turn towards me; The mugger turned and fled before I could see his face".

 The context describes the man changing his physical orientation to face the truck driver, which matches "change orientation or direction" perfectly. The example "The mugger turned and fled" is structurally parallel to "the man... turned and looked".

 Sense 19 is also close but seems more about causing something else to turn (transitive) or specific directional changes like turning a car around. Sense 1 is the general intransitive sense of turning one's body.

 Therefore, the answer should be sense_index: 1.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: look
Target surface form: looked
Context:
His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and <t>looked</t> squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=look%2:39:00:: | definition=perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards | examples=She looked over the expanse of land; Look at your child!
2. sense_key=look%2:39:01:: | definition=give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect | synonyms=appear, seem | examples=She seems to be sleeping; This appears to be a very difficult problem
3. sense_key=look%2:29:00:: | definition=have a certain outward or facial expression | examples=How does she look?; The child looks unhappy
4. sense_key=look%2:39:02:: | definition=search or seek | synonyms=search | examples=We looked all day and finally found the child in the forest; Look elsewhere for the perfect gift!
5. sense_key=look%2:42:00:: | definition=be oriented in a certain direction, often with respect to another reference point; be opposite to | synonyms=front, face | examples=The house looks north; My backyard look onto the pond
6. sense_key=look%2:41:13:: | definition=take charge of or deal with | synonyms=attend, take care, see | examples=Could you see about lunch?; I must attend to this matter
7. sense_key=look%2:32:00:: | definition=convey by one's expression | examples=She looked her devotion to me
8. sense_key=look%2:31:00:: | definition=look forward to the probable occurrence of | synonyms=expect, await, wait | examples=We were expecting a visit from our relatives; She is looking to a promotion
9. sense_key=look%2:42:02:: | definition=accord in appearance with | examples=You don't look your age!
10. sense_key=look%2:31:02:: | definition=have faith or confidence in | synonyms=count, bet, depend, calculate, reckon | examples=you can count on me to help you any time; Look to your friends for support

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "looked" in the given context.

 Let me analyze the context:
 - The man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word.
 - This is describing a physical action of directing one's gaze towards the truck driver's face.
 - The adverb "squarely" suggests direct, focused visual attention.
 - The phrase "into the truck driver's face" indicates the direction of the gaze.

 Now let's evaluate the candidate senses:

 1. sense_key=look%2:39:00:: | definition=perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards | examples=She looked over the expanse of land; Look at your child!
    - This fits perfectly. The subject is directing his gaze towards the truck driver's face. "Looked squarely into... face" matches "direct one's gaze towards".

 2. sense_key=look%2:39:01:: | definition=give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect | synonyms=appear, seem
    - This would be used in contexts like "He looked tired" or "It looks good". Not applicable here as it's about directing gaze, not appearing a certain way.

 3. sense_key=look%2:29:00:: | definition=have a certain outward or facial expression
    - This is about facial expressions, like "He looks happy". The context is about the act of looking at someone, not about his facial expression (though he might have had one, the verb is about the action of directing gaze).

 4. sense_key=look%2:39:02:: | definition=search or seek
    - This would be "look for something". Not applicable here.

 5. sense_key=look%2:42:00:: | definition=be oriented in a certain direction, often with respect to another reference point; be opposite to
    - This is about physical orientation of objects, like "The window looks north". Not applicable for a person looking at another person.

 6. sense_key=look%2:41:13:: | definition=take charge of or deal with
    - This is "look after" or "see to". Not applicable.

 7. sense_key=look%2:32:00:: | definition=convey by one's expression
    - This is about conveying emotion through expression, like "She looked her devotion". While related to looking, the context emphasizes the physical act of directing gaze "squarely into... face".

 8. sense_key=look%2:31:00:: | definition=look forward to the probable occurrence of
    - This is "look forward to". Not applicable.

 9. sense_key=look%2:42:02:: | definition=accord in appearance with
    - "You don't look your age". Not applicable.

 10. sense_key=look%2:31:02:: | definition=have faith or confidence in
    - "Look to your friends". Not applicable.

 The best fit is clearly sense 1: "perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards". The context describes the man turning and directing his gaze squarely into the truck driver's face. This is the prototypical "look" sense involving visual perception and directing one's eyes toward something.

 The phrase "looked squarely into" strongly supports the "direct one's gaze towards" definition.

 So the answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}