[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: assumption
Target surface form: assumption
Context:
And neither is it a useful strategy for the next game, because the club will not be able to count on those players. The advantage, obviously, consists in the fact that the players will begin the following phase of the Championship without cards that could threaten their participation in a future game. But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this <t>assumption</t>, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=assumption%1:10:00:: | definition=a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn | synonyms=premise, premiss | examples=on the assumption that he has been injured we can infer that he will not to play
2. sense_key=assumption%1:09:00:: | definition=a hypothesis that is taken for granted | synonyms=supposition, supposal | examples=any society is built upon certain assumptions
3. sense_key=assumption%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of taking possession of or power over something | synonyms=laying claim | examples=his assumption of office coincided with the trouble in Cuba; the Nazi assumption of power in 1934
4. sense_key=assumption%1:28:00:: | definition=celebration in the Roman Catholic Church of the Virgin Mary's being taken up into heaven when her earthly life ended; corresponds to the Dormition in the Eastern Orthodox Church | synonyms=Assumption of Mary, August 15
5. sense_key=assumption%1:11:00:: | definition=(Christianity) the taking up of the body and soul of the Virgin Mary when her earthly life had ended
6. sense_key=assumption%1:07:00:: | definition=audacious (even arrogant) behavior that you have no right to | synonyms=presumption, presumptuousness, effrontery | examples=he despised them for their presumptuousness
7. sense_key=assumption%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of assuming or taking for granted | examples=your assumption that I would agree was unwarranted

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
Looking at the context, "Regarding this assumption" refers to a presupposition or premise underlying the discussion — that the players' actions were strategic decisions to take advantage of rules. This assumption serves as a basis from which conclusions are drawn about the players' behavior (they didn't avoid the sanction but chose when to obey it). The usage aligns with a statement assumed to be true from which a conclusion can be drawn.

{"sense_index": 1}

reasoning_content:
The target word "assumption" appears in the context: "Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction..."

The text is discussing a strategic decision by players to get yellow/red cards in a way that benefits them in the long term. The "assumption" here refers to a premise or supposition that underlies the discussion - specifically, the idea that the players' actions were a strategic advantage.

Let me look at the senses:

1. assumption%1:10:00:: - a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn (premise, premiss)
2. assumption%1:09:00:: - a hypothesis that is taken for granted (supposition, supposal)
3. assumption%1:04:00:: - the act of taking possession of or power over something (laying claim)
4. assumption%1:28:00:: - celebration in the Roman Catholic Church
5. assumption%1:11:00:: - Christianity, taking up of Mary
6. assumption%1:07:00:: - audacious behavior (presumption, presumptuousness)
7. assumption%1:04:01:: - the act of assuming or taking for granted

The context says "Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction..." - this seems to refer to a premise or hypothesis that was being discussed - that the action was an advantage.

Looking at sense 1 (premise - a statement assumed true from which a conclusion can be drawn) vs sense 2 (supposition - a hypothesis taken for granted) vs sense 7 (the act of assuming or taking for granted).

The "assumption" here seems to be a premise/supposition - the idea that the action provides an advantage. The text is saying "regarding this [idea/premise], the players did not act to avoid the sanction..."

Between sense 1 and sense 2:
- Sense 1 is about a statement assumed true from which a conclusion can be drawn (premise)
- Sense 2 is about a hypothesis taken for granted (supposition)

The context discusses whether the action is really an advantage, and the "assumption" seems to be the hypothesis/supposition that it is an advantage. "So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage." - This suggests the assumption (that it's an advantage) is being questioned.

Sense 2 (supposition, supposal - a hypothesis taken for granted) seems to fit well here. The assumption is the hypothesis that getting cards early is an advantage.

But let me reconsider sense 1 (premise). The text says "Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction" - this is using the assumption as a basis for drawing conclusions about the players' actions. That would fit sense 1 (premise).

Actually, looking more carefully at the context, "Regarding this assumption" seems to refer back to the discussion about whether the action is an advantage or not. The assumption here is the supposition/premise that it's an advantage.

Sense 1: "on the assumption that he has been injured we can infer that he will not to play" - this is about using an assumption as a premise for drawing conclusions.

Sense 2: "any society is built upon certain assumptions" - this is about hypotheses taken for granted.

The context here seems more like a premise being used to draw conclusions about the players' behavior. "Regarding this assumption [that it's an advantage], the players did not act to avoid the sanction..."

I think sense 1 (premise) fits best here. The assumption is being used as a premise from which conclusions about the players' actions are drawn.

Wait, let me reconsider. The passage says "Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it."

The "assumption" here could be referring to the assumption that the action was an advantage - a hypothesis/supposition. Or it could be referring to the premise that the players were making a strategic decision.

Actually, I think "this assumption" refers back to the idea that taking cards is an advantage - which is a supposition/hypothesis being discussed. The text questions whether it's really an advantage.

I'll go with sense 2 (supposition, supposal - a hypothesis that is taken for granted).

Hmm, but sense 1 also fits well. Let me think more carefully.

The text discusses the strategic decision and whether it's really an advantage. "So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage." Then "Regarding this assumption" - the assumption that it's an advantage.

Sense 1: a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn
Sense 2: a hypothesis that is taken for granted

The difference is subtle. Sense 1 emphasizes the role as a premise for reasoning, while sense 2 emphasizes it being a hypothesis taken for granted.

In the context, "Regarding this assumption" is used to introduce further reasoning based on the assumption. The assumption serves as a premise for the conclusion that follows.

I think sense 1 (premise) is the best fit here. The assumption is being used as a premise from which conclusions are drawn about the players' behavior.

Actually, I'm now leaning towards sense 2. The passage discusses whether the action is really an advantage, and the "assumption" is the hypothesis that it is an advantage. This is more of a supposition than a premise.

But then again, "Regarding this assumption, the players did not act..." uses the assumption as a basis for understanding the players' actions, which is more like a premise.

Let me look at the examples again:
- Sense 1: "on the assumption that he has been injured we can infer that he will not to play" - using assumption as a basis for inference
- Sense 2: "any society is built upon certain assumptions" - assumptions as foundational hypotheses

The context "Regarding this assumption, the players did not act..." is using the assumption as a basis for understanding/explaining the players' actions, which is closer to sense 1.

I'll go with sense 1.

Wait, actually I need to reconsider. Let me re-read the passage more carefully.

"Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction..."

"This assumption" could refer to:
1. The assumption that these actions are against the sporting spirit
2. The assumption that players make strategic decisions to take advantages allowed by the rules
3. The general assumption/premise of the discussion

I think "this assumption" refers to the idea that players make strategic decisions to take advantages - this is a premise/hypothesis that is being taken for granted in the discussion.

The players' actions are then explained in light of this assumption - they made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment.

This still seems like sense 1 (premise) - a statement assumed to be true from which conclusions can be drawn.

I'll go with sense 1.

Hmm, but actually sense 2 might be better. "A hypothesis that is taken for granted" - the assumption here is that players make strategic decisions to take advantages. This is a hypothesis/supposition that is being taken for granted in the discussion.

Let me compare:
- Sense 1: premise - a statement assumed true, used for drawing conclusions
- Sense 2: supposition - a hypothesis taken for granted

The context uses "assumption" to refer to a presupposition/hypothesis that underlies the discussion. It's not necessarily being used to draw a specific conclusion, but rather as a background hypothesis.

Actually, looking at the context again: "Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction" - this is using the assumption as a basis for understanding the players' actions. This is more like a premise (sense 1).

I'll go with sense 1.

Actually, I want to reconsider one more time. The passage is quite complex and the "assumption" seems to refer to the understanding/presupposition that the players' actions were strategic decisions to take advantage.

Looking at sense 7: "the act of assuming or taking for granted" with example "your assumption that I would agree was unwarranted" - this is about the act of taking something for granted.

But in the context, "Regarding this assumption" - "assumption" is a noun referring to the thing assumed, not the act of assuming. So sense 7 doesn't fit as well.

Between senses 1 and 2, I think sense 1 (premise) is the better fit because the assumption is being used as a basis for reasoning about the players' actions.

Final answer: sense 1.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: player
Target surface form: players
Context:
And neither is it a useful strategy for the next game, because the club will not be able to count on those players. The advantage, obviously, consists in the fact that the players will begin the following phase of the Championship without cards that could threaten their participation in a future game. But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the <t>players</t> did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=player%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who participates in or is skilled at some game | synonyms=participant
2. sense_key=player%1:18:02:: | definition=someone who plays a musical instrument (as a profession) | synonyms=musician, instrumentalist
3. sense_key=player%1:18:00:: | definition=a theatrical performer | synonyms=actor, histrion, thespian, role player
4. sense_key=player%1:18:04:: | definition=a person who pursues a number of different social and sexual partners simultaneously
5. sense_key=player%1:18:03:: | definition=an important participant (as in a business deal) | examples=he was a major player in setting up the corporation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The context is about sports, specifically a Championship game, cards (yellow/red cards in soccer), sanctions, suspensions, team elimination, sporting spirit. The "players" here are clearly participants in a game/sport.

Sense 1: "a person who participates in or is skilled at some game" - this fits perfectly.
Sense 2: musician - no
Sense 3: actor - no
Sense 4: sexual partner - no
Sense 5: business participant - no

The answer is sense 1.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Baidu

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: application
Target surface form: application
Context:
And neither is it a useful strategy for the next game, because the club will not be able to count on those players. The advantage, obviously, consists in the fact that the players will begin the following phase of the Championship without cards that could threaten their participation in a future game. But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the <t>application</t> of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=application%1:04:02:: | definition=the act of bringing something to bear; using it for a particular purpose | synonyms=practical application | examples=he advocated the application of statistics to the problem; a novel application of electronics to medical diagnosis
2. sense_key=application%1:10:00:: | definition=a verbal or written request for assistance or employment or admission to a school | examples=December 31 is the deadline for applications
3. sense_key=application%1:04:03:: | definition=the work of applying something | synonyms=coating, covering | examples=the doctor prescribed a topical application of iodine; a complete bleach requires several applications
4. sense_key=application%1:10:01:: | definition=a program that gives a computer instructions that provide the user with tools to accomplish a task | synonyms=application program, applications programme | examples=he has tried several different word processing applications
5. sense_key=application%1:06:00:: | definition=liquid preparation having a soothing or antiseptic or medicinal action when applied to the skin | synonyms=lotion | examples=a lotion for dry skin
6. sense_key=application%1:04:01:: | definition=a diligent effort | synonyms=diligence | examples=it is a job requiring serious application
7. sense_key=application%1:04:00:: | definition=the action of putting something into operation | examples=the application of maximum thrust; massage has far-reaching medical applications

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "application" in the context: "the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction"

This means "application of the sanction" - the act of applying or putting into operation the sanction (punishment).

Let's look at the senses:
1. the act of bringing something to bear; using it for a particular purpose (practical application) - e.g., "application of statistics"
2. a verbal or written request for assistance...
3. the work of applying something (coating, covering) - e.g., topical application of iodine
4. a computer program
5. liquid preparation (lotion)
6. a diligent effort
7. the action of putting something into operation - e.g., "the application of maximum thrust"

"Application of the sanction" - the act of putting the sanction into operation, or applying it.

Between sense 1 and sense 7:
- Sense 1: "the act of bringing something to bear; using it for a particular purpose" - examples include "application of statistics to the problem"
- Sense 7: "the action of putting something into operation" - examples include "the application of maximum thrust"

"Application of the sanction" - applying/imposing a sanction. This is about putting the sanction into effect, into operation. Sense 7 seems closest: "the action of putting something into operation." The sanction is being put into operation/applied.

Sense 1 is about using something for a particular purpose (like using statistics). Sense 7 is about putting something into operation.

"Application of the sanction" = putting the sanction into operation. This fits sense 7 better.

Actually, let me think more carefully. "Application of a sanction" - this is a common legal/regulatory phrase meaning the imposition or enforcement of a penalty. Sense 7 "the action of putting something into operation" with examples like "the application of maximum thrust" - this is about applying force/thrust, putting it into operation.

Sense 1 "the act of bringing something to bear; using it for a particular purpose" - "bringing something to bear" could also mean applying a sanction.

Hmm, the distinction between 1 and 7 is subtle. Sense 1 is "bringing something to bear; using it for a particular purpose" and sense 7 is "putting something into operation."

"Application of the sanction" - the sanction is a rule/penalty. Applying it means putting it into effect/operation. I think sense 7 fits better here.

Actually, let me reconsider. "Application of statistics to the problem" (sense 1) vs "application of maximum thrust" (sense 7).

"Application of the sanction" - this is more like "putting the sanction into operation" or "enforcing the sanction." Sense 7 seems like the best fit.

I'll go with sense 7.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: case
Target surface form: case
Context:
And neither is it a useful strategy for the next game, because the club will not be able to count on those players. The advantage, obviously, consists in the fact that the players will begin the following phase of the Championship without cards that could threaten their participation in a future game. But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear <t>case</t> of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=case%1:11:00:: | definition=an occurrence of something | synonyms=instance, example | examples=it was a case of bad judgment; another instance occurred yesterday
2. sense_key=case%1:26:00:: | definition=a special set of circumstances | synonyms=event | examples=in that event, the first possibility is excluded; it may rain in which case the picnic will be canceled
3. sense_key=case%1:04:00:: | definition=a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy | synonyms=lawsuit, suit, cause, causa | examples=the family brought suit against the landlord
4. sense_key=case%1:09:00:: | definition=the actual state of things | examples=that was not the case
5. sense_key=case%1:06:00:: | definition=a portable container for carrying several objects | examples=the musicians left their instrument cases backstage
6. sense_key=case%1:18:03:: | definition=a person requiring professional services | examples=a typical case was the suburban housewife described by a marriage counselor
7. sense_key=case%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who is subjected to experimental or other observational procedures; someone who is an object of investigation | synonyms=subject, guinea pig | examples=the subjects for this investigation were selected randomly; the cases that we studied were drawn from two different communities
8. sense_key=case%1:10:02:: | definition=a problem requiring investigation | examples=Perry Mason solved the case of the missing heir
9. sense_key=case%1:10:01:: | definition=a statement of facts and reasons used to support an argument | examples=he stated his case clearly
10. sense_key=case%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity contained in a case | synonyms=caseful
11. sense_key=case%1:10:00:: | definition=nouns or pronouns or adjectives (often marked by inflection) related in some way to other words in a sentence | synonyms=grammatical case
12. sense_key=case%1:26:02:: | definition=a specific state of mind that is temporary | examples=a case of the jitters
13. sense_key=case%1:18:04:: | definition=a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities) | synonyms=character, eccentric, type | examples=a real character; a strange character
14. sense_key=case%1:10:03:: | definition=a specific size and style of type within a type family | synonyms=font, fount, typeface, face
15. sense_key=case%1:08:00:: | definition=an enveloping structure or covering enclosing an animal or plant organ or part | synonyms=sheath
16. sense_key=case%1:06:06:: | definition=the housing or outer covering of something | synonyms=shell, casing | examples=the clock has a walnut case
17. sense_key=case%1:06:07:: | definition=the enclosing frame around a door or window opening | synonyms=casing | examples=the casings had rotted away and had to be replaced
18. sense_key=case%1:06:03:: | definition=(printing) the receptacle in which a compositor has his type, which is divided into compartments for the different letters, spaces, or numbers | synonyms=compositor's case, typesetter's case | examples=for English, a compositor will ordinarily have two such cases, the upper case containing the capitals and the lower case containing the small letters
19. sense_key=case%1:06:02:: | definition=bed linen consisting of a cover for a pillow | synonyms=pillowcase, slip, pillow slip | examples=the burglar carried his loot in a pillowcase
20. sense_key=case%1:06:01:: | definition=a glass container used to store and display items in a shop or museum or home | synonyms=display case, showcase, vitrine

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context discusses a situation where players are making strategic decisions about when to serve a sanction/suspension. The target sentence is: "the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it."

Here "a clear case of legal fraud" means "an instance/example of legal fraud." The word "case" is being used to mean an occurrence or instance of something - specifically, an instance of legal fraud.

Let me check the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=case%1:11:00:: | definition=an occurrence of something | synonyms=instance, example | examples=it was a case of bad judgment; another instance occurred yesterday

2. sense_key=case%1:26:00:: | definition=a special set of circumstances | synonyms=event | examples=in that event, the first possibility is excluded; it may rain in which case the picnic will be canceled

3. sense_key=case%1:04:00:: | definition=a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy | synonyms=lawsuit, suit, cause, causa | examples=the family brought suit against the landlord

The phrase "a clear case of legal fraud" means "a clear instance/example of legal fraud." This matches sense 1 - "an occurrence of something" with synonyms "instance, example" and examples like "it was a case of bad judgment."

Sense 2 could also be possible - "a special set of circumstances" - but the phrase "a case of legal fraud" is more naturally read as "an instance of legal fraud" rather than "a special set of circumstances of legal fraud."

Sense 3 is about a lawsuit/proceeding in court, which doesn't fit here because they're talking about the concept of legal fraud, not a specific lawsuit.

The best match is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: decision
Target surface form: decision
Context:
The advantage, obviously, consists in the fact that the players will begin the following phase of the Championship without cards that could threaten their participation in a future game. But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic <t>decision</t> without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=decision%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of making up your mind about something | synonyms=determination, conclusion | examples=the burden of decision was his; he drew his conclusions quickly
2. sense_key=decision%1:09:00:: | definition=a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration | synonyms=determination, conclusion | examples=a decision unfavorable to the opposition; his conclusion took the evidence into account
3. sense_key=decision%1:11:02:: | definition=(boxing) a victory won on points when no knockout has occurred | examples=had little trouble in taking a unanimous decision over his opponent
4. sense_key=decision%1:11:01:: | definition=the outcome of a game or contest | examples=the team dropped three decisions in a row
5. sense_key=decision%1:07:00:: | definition=the trait of resoluteness as evidenced by firmness of character or purpose | synonyms=decisiveness | examples=a man of unusual decisiveness

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "decision" in the phrase "They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment."

Let me analyze the context:
- The text discusses players making a strategic choice about when to serve a sanction/suspension
- "They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment"
- This is about the act of making up their minds about something - choosing when to obey the sanction
- It's about a deliberate choice/act of deciding

Sense 1: "the act of making up your mind about something" - this fits well because the players made a strategic choice/act of deciding when to comply with the sanction.

Sense 2: "a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration" - this is more about a judgment or conclusion reached, like a verdict or opinion. The context is more about the act of deciding/choosing, not the resulting opinion.

Sense 3: Boxing victory - not relevant.

Sense 4: Outcome of a game - not relevant here, though the context is about sports, the "decision" here is about a choice made by players.

Sense 5: Trait of resoluteness - not relevant.

Between sense 1 and sense 2:
- "They made a strategic decision" - this refers to the act of deciding, the choice they made
- Sense 1 is "the act of making up your mind about something" which fits "made a decision"
- Sense 2 is "a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration" which is more about the resulting judgment/opinion

The phrase "made a strategic decision" emphasizes the act of deciding/choosing, which aligns with sense 1. However, one could argue that "decision" here also refers to the conclusion they reached (when to obey the sanction).

Looking at the examples:
- Sense 1: "the burden of decision was his; he drew his conclusions quickly" - focuses on the act/process
- Sense 2: "a decision unfavorable to the opposition; his conclusion took the evidence into account" - focuses on the resulting position/judgment

In the context, "They made a strategic decision" - the emphasis is on the act of making a choice, which is sense 1. But it could also be interpreted as the resulting choice/position they reached.

Actually, looking more carefully, "strategic decision" typically refers to a choice that was made - the result of considering options. This could be sense 2 (a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration) or sense 1 (the act of making up your mind).

The phrase "made a decision" in English typically refers to the act of deciding. "They made a strategic decision" = they decided strategically. This aligns with sense 1 - the act of making up your mind about something.

I'll go with sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: law
Target surface form: law
Context:
But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the <t>law</t> fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=law%1:14:00:: | definition=the collection of rules imposed by authority | synonyms=jurisprudence | examples=civilization presupposes respect for the law; the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order
2. sense_key=law%1:10:00:: | definition=legal document setting forth rules governing a particular kind of activity | examples=there is a law against kidnapping
3. sense_key=law%1:09:00:: | definition=a rule or body of rules of conduct inherent in human nature and essential to or binding upon human society | synonyms=natural law
4. sense_key=law%1:09:01:: | definition=a generalization that describes recurring facts or events in nature | synonyms=law of nature | examples=the laws of thermodynamics
5. sense_key=law%1:09:02:: | definition=the branch of philosophy concerned with the law and the principles that lead courts to make the decisions they do | synonyms=jurisprudence, legal philosophy
6. sense_key=law%1:04:00:: | definition=the learned profession that is mastered by graduate study in a law school and that is responsible for the judicial system | synonyms=practice of law | examples=he studied law at Yale
7. sense_key=law%1:14:01:: | definition=the force of policemen and officers | synonyms=police, police force, constabulary | examples=the law came looking for him

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "law" in the phrase "law fraud".
Context: "Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse..."

Let's look at the options:
1. law%1:14:00:: | definition=the collection of rules imposed by authority | synonyms=jurisprudence
2. law%1:10:00:: | definition=legal document setting forth rules governing a particular kind of activity | examples=there is a law against kidnapping
3. law%1:09:00:: | definition=a rule or body of rules of conduct inherent in human nature...
4. law%1:09:01:: | definition=a generalization that describes recurring facts or events in nature
5. law%1:09:02:: | definition=the branch of philosophy concerned with the law...
6. law%1:04:00:: | definition=the learned profession...
7. law%1:14:01:: | definition=the force of policemen...

The context talks about "legal fraud" earlier: "(this would have been a clear case of legal fraud)".
Then it says: "Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse..."

"law fraud" refers to "fraud" in the context of the law (the collection of rules imposed by authority, or the legal system).
Sense 1 (collection of rules imposed by authority) fits "law fraud" meaning fraud against the law, or legal fraud. Wait, "fraud of law" / "fraude a la ley" in Spanish (since the context mentions "auto expulsions" and "sanction game", it's likely a translation from Spanish, "fraude a la ley" meaning "fraud against the law"). "Fraude a la ley" is a legal concept meaning circumventing the law without technically breaking it.
Thus, "law" here means the collection of rules imposed by authority.
Sense 1: the collection of rules imposed by authority.

Let's check Sense 2: legal document setting forth rules. This refers to a specific law (like a statute), e.g., "there is a law against kidnapping". "Fraud against a specific legal document"? "Fraude a la ley" refers to the legal system/rules as a whole, so Sense 1 is better.

Wait, "law fraud" -> "fraud of the law" -> the collection of rules imposed by authority.
Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: fraud
Target surface form: fraud
Context:
But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law <t>fraud</t> is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=fraud%1:04:00:: | definition=intentional deception resulting in injury to another person
2. sense_key=fraud%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who makes deceitful pretenses | synonyms=imposter, impostor, pretender, fake, faker, sham
3. sense_key=fraud%1:04:01:: | definition=something intended to deceive; deliberate trickery intended to gain an advantage | synonyms=fraudulence, dupery, hoax, humbug, put-on

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context discusses "legal fraud" and the "law fraud" as opposed to "wittiness." It talks about deliberate trickery intended to gain an advantage, strategic decisions, and the boundary between cleverness and fraud. The key phrase is "something intended to deceive; deliberate trickery intended to gain an advantage" which matches sense 3, as the context is about players strategically choosing when to take a sanction to gain an advantage, and the question of whether this constitutes fraud (deception for advantage) or just clever play.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: occasion
Target surface form: occasion
Context:
But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this <t>occasion</t> I believe it was a clear case of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=occasion%1:11:00:: | definition=an event that occurs at a critical time | synonyms=juncture | examples=at such junctures he always had an impulse to leave; it was needed only on special occasions
2. sense_key=occasion%1:11:01:: | definition=a vaguely specified social event | synonyms=affair, social occasion, function, social function | examples=the party was quite an affair; an occasion arranged to honor the president
3. sense_key=occasion%1:16:00:: | definition=reason | examples=there was no occasion for complaint
4. sense_key=occasion%1:28:00:: | definition=the time of a particular event | examples=on the occasion of his 60th birthday
5. sense_key=occasion%1:26:00:: | definition=an opportunity to do something | examples=there was never an occasion for her to demonstrate her skill

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
The target word is "occasion" in the context: "in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness."

The context is discussing a specific event/situation - the specific instance where players made a strategic decision about when to obey a sanction. "In this occasion" refers to this particular instance/event.

Let me look at the senses:

1. occasion%1:11:00:: - "an event that occurs at a critical time" - synonyms: juncture - examples: "at such junctures he always had an impulse to leave; it was needed only on special occasions"
2. occasion%1:11:01:: - "a vaguely specified social event" - synonyms: affair, social occasion, function, social function
3. occasion%1:16:00:: - "reason" - examples: "there was no occasion for complaint"
4. occasion%1:28:00:: - "the time of a particular event" - examples: "on the occasion of his 60th birthday"
5. occasion%1:26:00:: - "an opportunity to do something" - examples: "there was never an occasion for her to demonstrate her skill"

The phrase "in this occasion" means "in this instance" or "in this particular case/situation." This is referring to a specific time/instance when something happened.

Sense 1 (juncture - an event that occurs at a critical time) fits well because the context is about a critical decision point. "In this occasion" = "at this juncture." The example "it was needed only on special occasions" also aligns with "in this occasion" usage.

Sense 4 (the time of a particular event) could also fit - "on the occasion of his 60th birthday" - referring to a specific time of an event.

The phrase "in this occasion" is used to refer to this particular instance/case. It's about a specific point in time when an event occurred.

Sense 1 seems best - "an event that occurs at a critical time" - the context is about a critical decision, and "in this occasion" = "at this juncture/in this critical moment."

Actually, let me reconsider. "In this occasion" here means "in this instance" or "in this case." The author is saying "in this particular instance/situation, I believe it was a clear case of wittiness."

Sense 4 - "the time of a particular event" - "on the occasion of his 60th birthday" - this is about a specific time when something happened.

Sense 1 - "an event that occurs at a critical time" - juncture - "at such junctures he always had an impulse to leave" - this is about critical moments/events.

The context describes a critical situation (a controversial sports decision), and the author is referring to this specific critical event. "In this occasion" = "at this juncture" = "in this critical moment."

I think sense 1 is the best fit. The synonym "juncture" works well here - "at this juncture, I believe it was a clear case of wittiness."


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: case
Target surface form: case
Context:
But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear <t>case</t> of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=case%1:11:00:: | definition=an occurrence of something | synonyms=instance, example | examples=it was a case of bad judgment; another instance occurred yesterday
2. sense_key=case%1:26:00:: | definition=a special set of circumstances | synonyms=event | examples=in that event, the first possibility is excluded; it may rain in which case the picnic will be canceled
3. sense_key=case%1:04:00:: | definition=a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy | synonyms=lawsuit, suit, cause, causa | examples=the family brought suit against the landlord
4. sense_key=case%1:09:00:: | definition=the actual state of things | examples=that was not the case
5. sense_key=case%1:06:00:: | definition=a portable container for carrying several objects | examples=the musicians left their instrument cases backstage
6. sense_key=case%1:18:03:: | definition=a person requiring professional services | examples=a typical case was the suburban housewife described by a marriage counselor
7. sense_key=case%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who is subjected to experimental or other observational procedures; someone who is an object of investigation | synonyms=subject, guinea pig | examples=the subjects for this investigation were selected randomly; the cases that we studied were drawn from two different communities
8. sense_key=case%1:10:02:: | definition=a problem requiring investigation | examples=Perry Mason solved the case of the missing heir
9. sense_key=case%1:10:01:: | definition=a statement of facts and reasons used to support an argument | examples=he stated his case clearly
10. sense_key=case%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity contained in a case | synonyms=caseful
11. sense_key=case%1:10:00:: | definition=nouns or pronouns or adjectives (often marked by inflection) related in some way to other words in a sentence | synonyms=grammatical case
12. sense_key=case%1:26:02:: | definition=a specific state of mind that is temporary | examples=a case of the jitters
13. sense_key=case%1:18:04:: | definition=a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities) | synonyms=character, eccentric, type | examples=a real character; a strange character
14. sense_key=case%1:10:03:: | definition=a specific size and style of type within a type family | synonyms=font, fount, typeface, face
15. sense_key=case%1:08:00:: | definition=an enveloping structure or covering enclosing an animal or plant organ or part | synonyms=sheath
16. sense_key=case%1:06:06:: | definition=the housing or outer covering of something | synonyms=shell, casing | examples=the clock has a walnut case
17. sense_key=case%1:06:07:: | definition=the enclosing frame around a door or window opening | synonyms=casing | examples=the casings had rotted away and had to be replaced
18. sense_key=case%1:06:03:: | definition=(printing) the receptacle in which a compositor has his type, which is divided into compartments for the different letters, spaces, or numbers | synonyms=compositor's case, typesetter's case | examples=for English, a compositor will ordinarily have two such cases, the upper case containing the capitals and the lower case containing the small letters
19. sense_key=case%1:06:02:: | definition=bed linen consisting of a cover for a pillow | synonyms=pillowcase, slip, pillow slip | examples=the burglar carried his loot in a pillowcase
20. sense_key=case%1:06:01:: | definition=a glass container used to store and display items in a shop or museum or home | synonyms=display case, showcase, vitrine

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "case" in the context: "in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness."

Here, "a clear case of wittiness" means "an instance/occurrence of wittiness." The word is used to describe a particular occurrence or example of something.

Sense 1: "an occurrence of something" with examples "it was a case of bad judgment; another instance occurred yesterday" - this matches perfectly with "a clear case of wittiness."

Sense 2: "a special set of circumstances" - this could also fit, but the phrase "a case of" aligns more with sense 1.

Sense 4: "the actual state of things" - doesn't fit as well here.

The phrase "a clear case of wittiness" parallels "it was a case of bad judgment" from sense 1. So the answer is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: factor
Target surface form: factors
Context:
So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two <t>factors</t>: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them. The damage brought about to the principles of the sport by these actions is not as much ethical as aesthetic.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=factor%1:11:00:: | definition=anything that contributes causally to a result | examples=a number of factors determined the outcome
2. sense_key=factor%1:09:00:: | definition=an abstract part of something | synonyms=component, constituent, element, ingredient | examples=jealousy was a component of his character; two constituents of a musical composition are melody and harmony
3. sense_key=factor%1:23:00:: | definition=one of two or more integers that can be exactly divided into another integer | synonyms=divisor | examples=what are the 4 factors of 6?
4. sense_key=factor%1:18:00:: | definition=a businessman who buys or sells for another in exchange for a commission | synonyms=agent, broker
5. sense_key=factor%1:23:01:: | definition=any of the numbers (or symbols) that form a product when multiplied together
6. sense_key=factor%1:09:01:: | definition=an independent variable in statistics
7. sense_key=factor%1:08:00:: | definition=(genetics) a segment of DNA that is involved in producing a polypeptide chain; it can include regions preceding and following the coding DNA as well as introns between the exons; it is considered a unit of heredity | synonyms=gene, cistron | examples=genes were formerly called factors

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context discusses "The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them."

Here, "factors" refers to things that contribute causally to a result - the controversy arises from these two factors. This matches sense 1: "anything that contributes causally to a result."

Sense 2 (component/element/ingredient) is about abstract parts of something, which could also fit, but the causal relationship ("controversy arises from") points more strongly to sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: expulsion
Target surface form: expulsions
Context:
So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto <t>expulsions</t> and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them. The damage brought about to the principles of the sport by these actions is not as much ethical as aesthetic.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=expulsion%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of forcing out someone or something | synonyms=ejection, exclusion, riddance | examples=the ejection of troublemakers by the police; the child's expulsion from school
2. sense_key=expulsion%1:04:02:: | definition=squeezing out by applying pressure | synonyms=extrusion | examples=an unexpected extrusion of toothpaste from the bottom of the tube; the expulsion of pus from the pimple
3. sense_key=expulsion%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of expelling or projecting or ejecting | synonyms=projection, ejection, forcing out

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context talks about "auto expulsions" in a sports context. Players are making strategic decisions about sanctions, punishments, and the sporting spirit. The "expulsions" here refer to players being sent off (ejected/excluded) from a game, which is a sports sanction.

Sense 1: "the act of forcing out someone or something" - examples: ejection of troublemakers by police, child's expulsion from school. This fits being expelled/sent off from a match.

Sense 2: squeezing out by applying pressure - physical extrusion, not relevant.

Sense 3: the act of expelling or projecting or ejecting - more general/physical.

Sense 1 is the best fit because it's about forcing someone out (being sent off in sports), with examples like ejection of troublemakers and expulsion from school.

provider: Fireworks


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: way
Target surface form: way
Context:
So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the <t>way</t> the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them. The damage brought about to the principles of the sport by these actions is not as much ethical as aesthetic.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=way%1:07:01:: | definition=how something is done or how it happens | synonyms=manner, mode, style, fashion | examples=her dignified manner; his rapid manner of talking
2. sense_key=way%1:04:01:: | definition=how a result is obtained or an end is achieved | synonyms=means, agency | examples=a means of control; an example is the best agency of instruction
3. sense_key=way%1:15:00:: | definition=a line leading to a place or point | synonyms=direction | examples=he looked the other direction; didn't know the way home
4. sense_key=way%1:26:00:: | definition=the condition of things generally | examples=that's the way it is; I felt the same way
5. sense_key=way%1:04:00:: | definition=a course of conduct | synonyms=path, way of life | examples=the path of virtue; we went our separate ways
6. sense_key=way%1:06:00:: | definition=any artifact consisting of a road or path affording passage from one place to another | examples=he said he was looking for the way out
7. sense_key=way%1:04:02:: | definition=a journey or passage | examples=they are on the way
8. sense_key=way%1:23:00:: | definition=space for movement | synonyms=room, elbow room | examples=room to pass; make way for
9. sense_key=way%1:07:02:: | definition=the property of distance in general | examples=it's a long way to Moscow; he went a long ways
10. sense_key=way%1:09:00:: | definition=doing as one pleases or chooses | examples=if I had my way
11. sense_key=way%1:09:01:: | definition=a general category of things; used in the expression `in the way of' | examples=they didn't have much in the way of clothing
12. sense_key=way%1:21:00:: | definition=a portion of something divided into shares | examples=they split the loot three ways

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is: "The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them."

Here "the way" refers to how the transmission of the directive was carried out.
This matches sense 1: "how something is done or how it happens" with synonyms manner, mode, style, fashion.

Sense 2 is about achieving an end, which could be argued, but "the way the transmission was carried out" is more about the manner/method of doing something rather than the means to achieve a goal.

Sense 1 fits best.

provider: AkashML


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: transmission
Target surface form: transmission
Context:
So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the <t>transmission</t> of the directive was carried out to cause them. The damage brought about to the principles of the sport by these actions is not as much ethical as aesthetic.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=transmission%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of sending a message; causing a message to be transmitted | synonyms=transmittal, transmitting
2. sense_key=transmission%1:10:00:: | definition=communication by means of transmitted signals
3. sense_key=transmission%1:23:00:: | definition=the fraction of radiant energy that passes through a substance | synonyms=transmittance
4. sense_key=transmission%1:11:00:: | definition=an incident in which an infectious disease is transmitted | synonyms=infection, contagion
5. sense_key=transmission%1:06:01:: | definition=the gears that transmit power from an automobile engine via the driveshaft to the live axle | synonyms=transmission system

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context discusses "the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them." This refers to the act of sending or communicating a directive (a message/instruction).

Sense 1: "the act of sending a message; causing a message to be transmitted" - this fits well with "transmission of the directive" meaning the act of sending the directive/message.

Sense 2: "communication by means of transmitted signals" - this is more about electronic/radio transmission.

The context is about a directive being transmitted (sent/communicated) to players. Sense 1 fits best - it's about the act of sending a message/directive.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: damage
Target surface form: damage
Context:
Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them. The <t>damage</t> brought about to the principles of the sport by these actions is not as much ethical as aesthetic.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=damage%1:11:00:: | definition=the occurrence of a change for the worse | synonyms=harm, impairment
2. sense_key=damage%1:11:01:: | definition=loss of military equipment | synonyms=equipment casualty
3. sense_key=damage%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of damaging something or someone | synonyms=harm, hurt, scathe
4. sense_key=damage%1:21:00:: | definition=the amount of money needed to purchase something | synonyms=price, terms | examples=the price of gasoline; he got his new car on excellent terms
5. sense_key=damage%1:04:01:: | definition=any harm or injury resulting from a violation of a legal right | synonyms=wrong, legal injury

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about damage to the principles of the sport.
- Sense 1: the occurrence of a change for the worse
- Sense 2: loss of military equipment
- Sense 3: the act of damaging something or someone
- Sense 4: the amount of money needed to purchase something
- Sense 5: any harm or injury resulting from a violation of a legal right

The text: "The damage brought about to the principles of the sport by these actions is not as much ethical as aesthetic."
"Damage brought about" refers to the harm done to the principles.
Sense 1 is "the occurrence of a change for the worse" (harm, impairment).
Sense 3 is "the act of damaging something or someone" (harm, hurt, scathe).
In "The damage brought about... by these actions", damage refers to the harm or impairment itself, which aligns perfectly with Sense 1 "the occurrence of a change for the worse" (harm, impairment) or Sense 3 "the act of damaging".
Let's see: "damage brought about to the principles" = harm, impairment to the principles.
Usually, in WordNet, "damage" as a noun referring to the resulting harm is Sense 1 (harm, impairment). "Damage" as the act is Sense 3.
"The damage brought about" is the abstract harm/change for the worse that occurred. It's not the act itself, but the result ("brought about").
Therefore, Sense 1 fits best.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: principle
Target surface form: principles
Context:
Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them. The damage brought about to the <t>principles</t> of the sport by these actions is not as much ethical as aesthetic.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=principle%1:09:03:: | definition=a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct | synonyms=rule | examples=their principles of composition characterized all their works
2. sense_key=principle%1:09:01:: | definition=a rule or standard especially of good behavior | examples=a man of principle; he will not violate his principles
3. sense_key=principle%1:09:00:: | definition=a basic truth or law or assumption | examples=the principles of democracy
4. sense_key=principle%1:09:04:: | definition=a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the function of a complex system | synonyms=rule | examples=the principle of the conservation of mass; the principle of jet propulsion
5. sense_key=principle%1:10:00:: | definition=rule of personal conduct | synonyms=precept
6. sense_key=principle%1:09:02:: | definition=(law) an explanation of the fundamental reasons (especially an explanation of the working of some device in terms of laws of nature) | synonyms=rationale | examples=the rationale for capital punishment; the principles of internal-combustion engines

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target lemma is "principle" and the surface form is "principles".
Context sentence: "The damage brought about to the principles of the sport by these actions is not as much ethical as aesthetic."
Let's analyze the meaning of "principles" here.
"principles of the sport" refers to the basic generalizations, rules, or fundamental truths about how the sport should be played.
Sense 1: "a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct" (synonyms=rule, examples=their principles of composition characterized all their works) - This fits well with "principles of the sport" just like "principles of composition".
Sense 2: "a rule or standard especially of good behavior" (a man of principle) - Relates to ethics, but the context says "not as much ethical as aesthetic", so it's more about the underlying rules/standards of the sport itself, not just good behavior.
Sense 3: "a basic truth or law or assumption" (the principles of democracy) - Also fits, like "principles of the sport".
Sense 4: "a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the function of a complex system" - Not natural phenomenon or complex system.
Sense 5: "rule of personal conduct" - Not personal conduct.
Sense 6: "(law) an explanation of the fundamental reasons..." - Not law or rationale.

Between 1 and 3:
Sense 1: "a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct"
Sense 3: "a basic truth or law or assumption"
"The damage brought about to the principles of the sport... not as much ethical as aesthetic."
If it's about how the sport is played/structured, Sense 1 "basic generalization... basis for reasoning or conduct" matches "principles of composition" (Sense 1) very closely. "Principles of the sport" means the rules and standards the sport is based on, how it's supposed to be conducted/played.
Wait, Sense 1's examples: "their principles of composition characterized all their works" - similar to "principles of the sport".
Sense 3's examples: "the principles of democracy" - democracy is a system, sport is an activity.
Also, the text mentions "strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules" and "avoid the application of the sanction". The actions are against the "principles of the sport" which acts as a "basis for reasoning or conduct" in the sport. This aligns well with Sense 1.
Let's check if there's any better fit.
"principles of the sport" -> the underlying concepts, the spirit, the rules of the game. Sense 1 fits "rules or basic generalization... basis for conduct".
Sense 2 "rule or standard especially of good behavior" - text explicitly says "not as much ethical as aesthetic". "Ethical" relates to good behavior. If the damage to the principles is not as much ethical, then it might not be Sense 2, which specifically mentions "good behavior".
Sense 3: "a basic truth or law or assumption" - maybe "the principles of the sport" = "the basic truths or laws of the sport"?
Let's reconsider Sense 1 vs 3. In WordNet, Sense 1 is "a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct" (syn=rule). Sense 3 is "a basic truth or law or assumption". The text says "taking advantages allowed by the rules" and "against the sporting spirit... principles of the sport". The "principles" here act as rules/conduct guidelines (Sense 1).
Actually, if it's about the rules of the game, it might be Sense 1.
Let's review the exact text: "The damage brought about to the principles of the sport by these actions is not as much ethical as aesthetic."
In many WordNet annotated corpora (like SemCor), "principles of [X]" where [X] is a discipline, art, or field (like "principles of composition", "principles of the sport") maps to Sense 1.
Let's check Sense 1 definition again: "a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct".
Synonyms: rule.
Example: their principles of composition characterized all their works.
"principles of the sport" is analogous to "principles of composition".
I will choose Sense 1.

provider: Friendli


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: action
Target surface form: actions
Context:
Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them. The damage brought about to the principles of the sport by these <t>actions</t> is not as much ethical as aesthetic.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=action%1:04:02:: | definition=something done (usually as opposed to something said) | examples=there were stories of murders and other unnatural actions
2. sense_key=action%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being active | synonyms=activity, activeness | examples=his sphere of activity; he is out of action
3. sense_key=action%1:04:03:: | definition=a military engagement | synonyms=military action | examples=he saw action in Korea
4. sense_key=action%1:22:00:: | definition=a process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings) | synonyms=natural process, natural action, activity | examples=the action of natural forces; volcanic activity
5. sense_key=action%1:10:00:: | definition=the series of events that form a plot | examples=his novels always have a lot of action
6. sense_key=action%1:07:00:: | definition=the trait of being active and energetic and forceful | examples=a man of action
7. sense_key=action%1:06:00:: | definition=the operating part that transmits power to a mechanism | synonyms=action mechanism | examples=the piano had a very stiff action
8. sense_key=action%1:04:01:: | definition=a judicial proceeding brought by one party against another; one party prosecutes another for a wrong done or for protection of a right or for prevention of a wrong | synonyms=legal action, action at law
9. sense_key=action%1:04:04:: | definition=an act by a government body or supranational organization | examples=recent federal action undermined the segregationist position; the United Nations must have the power to propose and organize action without being hobbled by irrelevant issues
10. sense_key=action%1:04:00:: | definition=the most important or interesting work or activity in a specific area or field | examples=the action is no longer in technology stocks but in municipal bonds; gawkers always try to get as close to the action as possible

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "actions" in the context: "The damage brought about to the principles of the sport by these actions is not as much ethical as aesthetic."

The context discusses actions taken by players in a sporting context - specifically auto-expulsions and strategic decisions. These are things that were done by the players.

Sense 1: "something done (usually as opposed to something said)" - this fits well because the "actions" refer to things done by the players (auto-expulsions, strategic decisions).

Sense 2: "the state of being active" - doesn't fit, as this refers to specific actions, not a state.

Sense 3: "a military engagement" - no, not military.

Sense 4: "a process existing in or produced by nature" - no, these are human actions.

Sense 5: "the series of events that form a plot" - no, not about a novel.

Sense 6: "the trait of being active and energetic and forceful" - no, not a trait.

Sense 7: "the operating part that transmits power to a mechanism" - no.

Sense 8: "a judicial proceeding" - no, not a legal proceeding.

Sense 9: "an act by a government body or supranational organization" - no, these are actions by players.

Sense 10: "the most important or interesting work or activity in a specific area" - no.

Sense 1 is the best fit: "something done (usually as opposed to something said)". The "actions" here refer to specific things done by the players.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: possibility
Target surface form: possibility
Context:
Arsenic-tolerant microbe raises <t>possibility</t> of new types of life on Earth, or elsewhere The discovery of a strange bacteria that can use arsenic as one of its nutrients widens the scope for finding new forms of life on Earth and possibly beyond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=possibility%1:09:03:: | definition=a future prospect or potential | examples=this room has great possibilities
2. sense_key=possibility%1:26:00:: | definition=capability of existing or happening or being true | synonyms=possibleness | examples=there is a possibility that his sense of smell has been impaired
3. sense_key=possibility%1:09:00:: | definition=a tentative insight into the natural world; a concept that is not yet verified but that if true would explain certain facts or phenomena | synonyms=hypothesis, theory | examples=a scientific hypothesis that survives experimental testing becomes a scientific theory; he proposed a fresh theory of alkalis that later was accepted in chemical practices
4. sense_key=possibility%1:09:01:: | definition=a possible alternative | synonyms=possible action, opening | examples=bankruptcy is always a possibility

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is "Arsenic-tolerant microbe raises possibility of new types of life on Earth, or elsewhere".
This means the discovery raises the potential or prospect of finding new types of life.
Sense 1: "a future prospect or potential" -> "this room has great possibilities"
Sense 4: "a possible alternative" -> "bankruptcy is always a possibility"

Let's look at the definitions.
"raises possibility of new types of life" -> raises the prospect/potential.
Wait, could it be Sense 1? "raises possibility of X"
Let's check Sense 1: "a future prospect or potential"
Sense 4: "a possible alternative"
Sense 2: "capability of existing or happening or being true"

"raises the possibility of new types of life" means it raises the prospect that there might be new types of life. Or it raises the potential for new types of life.
"raises the possibility" is a common phrase. What does "possibility" mean here?
Let's consider "raises the possibility that..."
Sense 2 is "capability of existing or happening or being true" -> "there is a possibility that his sense of smell has been impaired"
But the context says "raises possibility of new types of life". This matches "raises the possibility of [something happening]".

Is "raises the possibility" closer to Sense 2 or Sense 1?
In Sense 1, "possibilities" is plural in the example, meaning prospects. "This room has great possibilities."
In Sense 2, "there is a possibility that..." -> capability of existing or happening.
In Sense 4, "bankruptcy is always a possibility" -> a possible alternative.

"Arsenic-tolerant microbe raises possibility of new types of life..."
This means it makes it more possible that new types of life exist.
Let's search for similar contexts in WordNet. "raises the possibility"
In SemCor, "possibility" in "raises the possibility" is often tagged as Sense 2 (capability of existing or happening or being true) or Sense 4 (a possible alternative).
Actually, if I look at the context, "raises the possibility of new types of life" means "raises the potential for..." or "raises the prospect of...".
But usually, "possibility of [event]" maps to "capability of existing or happening".
Wait, if it means "raises the possibility", maybe it is a "possible alternative"? "Bankruptcy is always a possibility."
But "raises the possibility" is typically taking "possibility" as "capability of existing or happening".
Wait, Sense 1: "a future prospect or potential". "raises possibility" = "raises prospect".
Let's consider Sense 2: "capability of existing or happening or being true". The example is "there is a possibility that his sense of smell has been impaired". This refers to a specific event that might happen.
In the context: "raises possibility of new types of life". It means it increases the capability of new types of life existing.

Let's check Sense 4: "a possible alternative". The example is "bankruptcy is always a possibility". Here, the possibility itself is the alternative.
In the context, "possibility" is not an alternative itself, but the potential/prospect/capability of life existing.

Let's re-read the definitions.
Sense 1: a future prospect or potential
Sense 2: capability of existing or happening or being true

If "raises the possibility of", it could be Sense 1. "This room has great possibilities" (potential).
Wait, another SemCor example for Sense 2: "a possibility that his sense of smell has been impaired".
Another SemCor example for Sense 4: "bankruptcy is always a possibility".

Actually, "raises the possibility of new types of life" means "raises the prospect of new types of life". Let's choose Sense 1?
Wait, "possibility" as "capability of happening" (Sense 2) often fits "raises the possibility that".
But the text is "raises possibility of new types of life". This is a noun phrase "possibility of X", where X is an event/existence.
"capability of existing or happening" -> "possibility of new types of life" (capability of new types of life existing).

Let's choose Sense 1: a future prospect or potential.
Often, "raises the possibility of" is tagged as Sense 2? No, maybe Sense 1.
Let me search my knowledge base for "raises the possibility".
In WordNet, Sense 1 is "a future prospect or potential".
Sense 2 is "capability of existing or happening or being true".
In the sentence "Arsenic-tolerant microbe raises possibility of new types of life on Earth, or elsewhere", it refers to the prospect of finding new forms of life. The discovery "widens the scope for finding new forms of life". "widens the scope" = increases the potential.
I will choose 1.
Wait! If I look at Sense 1, it is often used in the plural ("possibilities") or as an abstract quality of a thing ("this room has great possibilities"). But it can also be singular.
However, "capability of existing or happening" fits "possibility of [something happening]" perfectly.
Let's reconsider Sense 2: "capability of existing or happening or being true". The example is "there is a possibility that his sense of smell has been impaired".
The context says "raises possibility of new types of life". "New types of life" existing. This perfectly matches "capability of existing".
Let's look at Sense 4: "a possible alternative". "bankruptcy is always a possibility".
I think Sense 2 is the best fit because it's the "possibility of X" where X is an event or state, which matches "capability of existing or happening".

Wait, is "raises the possibility" meaning "proposes a hypothesis"?
"Arsenic-tolerant microbe raises possibility of new types of life" -> does it raise a hypothesis?
Sense 3: "a tentative insight into the natural world; a concept that is not yet verified but that if true would explain certain facts or phenomena". The example is "a scientific hypothesis...".
Does "raises possibility" mean "raises a hypothesis"?
"widens the scope for finding new forms of life" - this implies it increases the potential, not that it is a hypothesis itself. The bacteria itself is a new type of life, or it widens the scope.
Actually, the bacteria is a strange bacteria that can use arsenic. It is a new form of life. So it raises the potential (or capability) of finding other new forms.

I will choose Sense 2. "capability of existing or happening". The context is about new types of life existing.

Wait, looking closely at Sense 1: "a future prospect or potential".
"raises the possibility" -> "raises the prospect". This is very common.
Let me think about "possibility of" vs "possibility that".
Sense 2: "there is a possibility that..."
Sense 1: "this room has great possibilities" (potential).
If I say "raises the possibility of", it means "raises the prospect of" or "raises the potential for". So Sense 1 might be more appropriate.
But wait, Sense 1 definition: "a future prospect or potential".
Sense 2 definition: "capability of existing or happening or being true".
"raises the possibility of new types of life" = raises the capability of new types of life existing.
Let's see if there's a clear winner. "widens the scope for finding" -> scope, potential.
Let's check the exact phrase "raises the possibility".
In SemCor:
"... which raises the possibility of ..." is often tagged with Sense 2 (capability of existing or happening).
Let me choose Sense 2.

Let's double check.
"capability of existing or happening or being true"
"there is a possibility that his sense of smell has been impaired"
If I use Sense 2, it means the possibility of new types of life existing.

Let's review Sense 1. "a future prospect or potential".
If someone says "there is a possibility of rain", that is Sense 2.
"raises the possibility of rain" -> raises the capability of rain happening.
I'll go with Sense 2.

Wait, Sense 1: "a future prospect or potential"
Does "possibility of new types of life" mean "potential for new types of life"?
If it's "potential", it's Sense 1.
But "possibility of" + noun phrase is generally Sense 2 (e.g., possibility of rain, possibility of error, possibility of life).
I will output 2.

Let me rethink Sense 4: "a possible alternative". No.
Sense 3: "hypothesis". No.

Could it be Sense 2?
"capability of existing or happening or being true"
Yes, the capability of new types of life existing or happening.

I will output 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: type
Target surface form: types
Context:
Arsenic-tolerant microbe raises possibility of new <t>types</t> of life on Earth, or elsewhere The discovery of a strange bacteria that can use arsenic as one of its nutrients widens the scope for finding new forms of life on Earth and possibly beyond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=type%1:09:00:: | definition=a subdivision of a particular kind of thing | examples=what type of sculpture do you prefer?
2. sense_key=type%1:18:00:: | definition=a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities) | synonyms=character, eccentric, case | examples=a real character; a strange character
3. sense_key=type%1:14:01:: | definition=(biology) the taxonomic group whose characteristics are used to define the next higher taxon
4. sense_key=type%1:10:01:: | definition=printed characters | examples=small type is hard to read
5. sense_key=type%1:10:00:: | definition=all of the tokens of the same symbol | examples=the word `element' contains five different types of character
6. sense_key=type%1:06:00:: | definition=a small metal block bearing a raised character on one end; produces a printed character when inked and pressed on paper | examples=he dropped a case of type, so they made him pick them up

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target lemma is "type" and the surface form is "types".
Context: "Arsenic-tolerant microbe raises possibility of new <t>types</t> of life on Earth, or elsewhere The discovery of a strange bacteria that can use arsenic as one of its nutrients widens the scope for finding new forms of life on Earth and possibly beyond."

Here "types of life" means "kinds of life" or "forms of life".
Candidate 1: sense_key=type%1:09:00:: | definition=a subdivision of a particular kind of thing | examples=what type of sculpture do you prefer?
This fits "types of life" perfectly.

Let's check the other candidates.
2. type%1:18:00:: - person of a specified kind. Incorrect.
3. type%1:14:01:: - taxonomic group. Not exactly "types of life" in the general sense of "forms of life".
4. type%1:10:01:: - printed characters. Incorrect.
5. type%1:10:00:: - tokens of the same symbol. Incorrect.
6. type%1:06:00:: - small metal block. Incorrect.

Candidate 1 is clearly the right one.

provider: Inceptron


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: discovery
Target surface form: discovery
Context:
Arsenic-tolerant microbe raises possibility of new types of life on Earth, or elsewhere The <t>discovery</t> of a strange bacteria that can use arsenic as one of its nutrients widens the scope for finding new forms of life on Earth and possibly beyond. While researchers discovered the unusual bacteria here in Earth, they say it shows that life has possibilities beyond the major elements that have been considered essential.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=discovery%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of discovering something | synonyms=find, uncovering
2. sense_key=discovery%1:10:00:: | definition=something that is discovered
3. sense_key=discovery%1:09:00:: | definition=a productive insight | synonyms=breakthrough, find
4. sense_key=discovery%1:10:01:: | definition=(law) compulsory pretrial disclosure of documents relevant to a case; enables one side in a litigation to elicit information from the other side concerning the facts in the case

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about the "discovery" of a strange bacteria. This refers to the event/act of discovering something, but let me think more carefully.

"The discovery of a strange bacteria that can use arsenic as one of its nutrients widens the scope..."

This is talking about the discovery as an event - the act of discovering. It's "The discovery of a strange bacteria" - this is referring to the finding of the bacteria, the act of discovery.

Sense 1: the act of discovering something
Sense 2: something that is discovered
Sense 3: a productive insight (breakthrough, find)

"The discovery of a strange bacteria" - this could be either the act (sense 1) or the thing discovered (sense 2). But "The discovery of a strange bacteria... widens the scope" - the discovery here is referring to the finding/event. It's "the act of discovering" that widens the scope. Actually, it's the fact that they discovered it - the event of discovery.

Wait, let me reconsider. "The discovery of a strange bacteria" - this is using "discovery" as the act. The phrase "discovery of X" typically refers to the act of discovering X.

Sense 3 is "a productive insight" with synonyms "breakthrough, find". This could also fit - the discovery is a breakthrough. But the definition says "productive insight" which is more about an insight that leads to productivity.

Let me think about the difference between sense 1 and sense 3. Sense 1 is "the act of discovering something" - this is the process/event. Sense 3 is "a productive insight" - this is more like a breakthrough finding.

In this context, "The discovery of a strange bacteria... widens the scope for finding new forms of life" - this seems to be referring to the act of discovering. It's describing the event of finding the bacteria.

Actually, I think sense 1 is the best fit. "The discovery of a strange bacteria" = the act of discovering a strange bacteria.

Hmm, but let me reconsider sense 2. "something that is discovered" - the discovery here could refer to the bacteria itself as something that was discovered. "The discovery of a strange bacteria that can use arsenic as one of its nutrients widens the scope" - is "discovery" referring to the bacteria (the thing discovered) or the act of discovering?

In English, "the discovery of X" usually refers to the act/event of discovering X, not X itself. If it were referring to the thing, it would be more like "the discovery, a strange bacteria, ..." or "this discovery..."

So I'll go with sense 1.

Wait, actually, let me reconsider. "The discovery of a strange bacteria that can use arsenic as one of its nutrients widens the scope for finding new forms of life" - this is talking about the finding/event. The discovery (the act of finding) of the bacteria widens the scope. Yes, sense 1.

Actually, I want to reconsider sense 3 again. "a productive insight" - synonyms "breakthrough, find". This is different from sense 1. Sense 1 is the act, sense 3 is the result/insight that is productive.

In this context, the discovery is significant - it "widens the scope for finding new forms of life on Earth and possibly beyond." This sounds like a breakthrough. But the definition of sense 3 is "a productive insight" which doesn't quite fit here. The discovery here is of a bacteria, not really an insight.

I think sense 1 is the best fit. The discovery = the act of discovering the bacteria.

Let me also consider that in scientific contexts, "discovery" often refers to the finding itself - the thing discovered. But the phrase "The discovery of a strange bacteria" grammatically refers to the act.

I'll go with sense 1.

provider: Sail Research