[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: federal
Target surface form: federal
Context:
An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the <t>federal</t> and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation. Mr. Zupan teaches at the University of Southern California's business school.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=federal%5:00:00:national:01 | definition=national; especially in reference to the government of the United States as distinct from that of its member units | examples=the Federal Bureau of Investigation; federal courts
2. sense_key=federal%3:01:02:: | definition=of or relating to the central government of a federation | examples=a federal district is one set aside as the seat of the national government
3. sense_key=federal%5:00:00:northern:02 | definition=being of or having to do with the northern United States and those loyal to the Union during the American Civil War | synonyms=Union | examples=Union soldiers; Federal forces
4. sense_key=federal%3:00:00:: | definition=characterized by or constituting a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities | examples=a federal system like that of the United States; federal governments often evolved out of confederations

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "federal" in the context: "In sum, at both the <t>federal</t> and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation."

The context discusses the federal government's tax burden, and contrasts "federal" with "state government levels." The sentence mentions "at both the federal and state government levels," which refers to the national/central government of the United States as distinct from state governments.

Let me examine the candidate senses:

1. federal%5:00:00:national:01 - "national; especially in reference to the government of the United States as distinct from that of its member units" - Examples: Federal Bureau of Investigation, federal courts
2. federal%3:01:02:: - "of or relating to the central government of a federation" - Example: a federal district is one set aside as the seat of the national government
3. federal%5:00:00:northern:02 - "being of or having to do with the northern United States and those loyal to the Union during the American Civil War" - Synonyms: Union - Examples: Union soldiers, Federal forces
4. federal%3:00:00:: - "characterized by or constituting a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities" - Examples: a federal system like that of the United States, federal governments often evolved out of confederations

The context is about the U.S. federal government (specifically the national government) in contrast to state government. Sense 1 seems most appropriate because it specifically refers to the government of the United States as distinct from its member units (states), which matches the contrast being made in the text between "federal" and "state government levels."

Sense 2 is about the central government of a federation more generally. Sense 4 is about a form of government where power is divided. While the U.S. is a federation, the specific use here is contrasting the national/federal level with the state level, which aligns best with sense 1.

The context explicitly contrasts "federal" with "state government levels," and the text is clearly about the United States (Senate, Republican, Democratic, etc.). Sense 1's definition "national; especially in reference to the government of the United States as distinct from that of its member units" fits perfectly.

So the answer is sense 1.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: level
Target surface form: levels
Context:
An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government <t>levels</t> at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation. Mr. Zupan teaches at the University of Southern California's business school.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=level%1:07:00:: | definition=a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality | synonyms=degree, grade | examples=a moderate grade of intelligence; a high level of care is required
2. sense_key=level%1:26:01:: | definition=a relative position or degree of value in a graded group | synonyms=grade, tier | examples=lumber of the highest grade
3. sense_key=level%1:26:00:: | definition=a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process | synonyms=degree, stage, point | examples=a remarkable degree of frankness; at what stage are the social sciences?
4. sense_key=level%1:07:01:: | definition=height above ground | examples=the water reached ankle level; the pictures were at the same level
5. sense_key=level%1:06:00:: | definition=indicator that establishes the horizontal when a bubble is centered in a tube of liquid | synonyms=spirit level
6. sense_key=level%1:06:03:: | definition=a flat surface at right angles to a plumb line | synonyms=horizontal surface | examples=park the car on the level
7. sense_key=level%1:09:00:: | definition=an abstract place usually conceived as having depth | synonyms=layer, stratum | examples=a good actor communicates on several levels; a simile has at least two layers of meaning
8. sense_key=level%1:06:01:: | definition=a structure consisting of a room or set of rooms at a single position along a vertical scale | synonyms=floor, storey, story | examples=what level is the office on?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The target word is "levels" in the phrase "at both the federal and state government levels".

Context: "at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation."

The phrase refers to levels of government: federal level and state government level.

Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. level%1:07:00:: | a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality
2. level%1:26:01:: | a relative position or degree of value in a graded group
3. level%1:26:00:: | a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process
4. level%1:07:01:: | height above ground
5. level%1:06:00:: | indicator that establishes the horizontal...
6. level%1:06:03:: | a flat surface at right angles to a plumb line
7. level%1:09:00:: | an abstract place usually conceived as having depth | synonyms=layer, stratum | examples=a good actor communicates on several levels; a simile has at least two layers of meaning
8. level%1:06:01:: | a structure consisting of a room or set of rooms...

"federal and state government levels" implies an abstract place or level of organization.
Sense 7 definition: "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth", synonyms: layer, stratum. Examples: "a good actor communicates on several levels". This fits "at several levels of government".
Sense 3: "a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process" - synonyms: degree, stage, point.
Let's check "at the federal and state government levels". It means an abstract stratum or layer of organization.
Sense 7: "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth" - "a good actor communicates on several levels". Government levels = federal level, state level.
Wait, what about Sense 2? "a relative position or degree of value in a graded group" - grade, tier. Is a government a graded group?
"at both the federal and state government levels" -> sense 7 is about abstract place usually conceived as having depth (like levels of meaning, levels of communication). But is this a better fit than sense 3? "a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process". Federal and state levels are positions in a series or process of government.
Actually, "levels of government" usually refers to different organizational levels, which maps well to "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth" (synonyms: layer, stratum) or Sense 3 (position in a continuum). Let's look at WordNet.
WordNet 3.1:
Sense 1: degree, grade, level -- a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality; "a moderate grade of intelligence"; "a high level of care is required"
Sense 2: grade, level, tier -- a relative position or degree of value in a graded group; "lumber of the highest grade"
Sense 3: degree, level, stage, point -- a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process; "a remarkable degree of frankness"; "at what stage are the social sciences?"
Sense 4: level -- height above ground; "the water reached ankle level"; "the pictures were at the same level"
Sense 5: level, spirit level -- indicator that establishes the horizontal when a bubble is centered in a tube of liquid
Sense 6: level -- a flat surface at right angles to a plumb line; "park the car on the level"
Sense 7: level, layer, stratum -- an abstract place usually conceived as having depth; "a good actor communicates on several levels"; "a simile has at least two layers of meaning"; "what is the meaning of an unknown word at this level?"
Sense 8: level, story, floor, storey -- a structure consisting of a room or set of rooms at a single position along a vertical scale; "what level is the office on?"

Which one applies to "federal and state government levels"?
It's an abstract place/stratum.
Let's see if there are other choices. "level of government" = tier? "tier" is in Sense 2.
Wait, Sense 7 "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth". The example "at this level" implies levels of meaning, levels of abstraction.
Is there another sense? Sense 1: position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality (e.g., high level of care).
Sense 2: relative position or degree of value in a graded group (tier). Federal and state government could be considered a graded group (higher tier, lower tier).
Sense 3: a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process.
Let's consider "level of government". Federal, state, local.
Is it Sense 3? "at what stage are the social sciences?"
Is it Sense 7? "a good actor communicates on several levels."
Could it be Sense 3? "Federal and state government levels" are specific identifiable positions in a series or process?
Let's consider Sense 7. Synonyms: layer, stratum. A government level can be seen as a stratum.
What about Sense 2? Synonyms: grade, tier. "a relative position or degree of value in a graded group". Federal, state, local governments are often called tiers of government.
However, let's look at the context. "at the state government level as it does at the federal level." "at both the federal and state government levels".
Often "at the X level" refers to an abstract place. "at the federal level" -> sense 7?
Wait, WordNet has "level" as "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth" (Sense 7).
Let's search for "at the federal level" in sense-tagged corpora (like SemCor).
In SemCor, "levels" or "level" used in "at this level" or "at the international level" or "at the state level" is typically tagged with Sense 7 (an abstract place usually conceived as having depth).
Let me double check. "the state government level" is a specific position, but is it Sense 3 or 7?
Sense 7 examples: "a good actor communicates on several levels", "what is the meaning of an unknown word at this level?"
Another use of Sense 7: "The government operates on several levels." "at the federal level" = at an abstract layer/stratum.
Let's check Sense 3: "degree, level, stage, point -- a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process" - "a remarkable degree of frankness", "at what stage are the social sciences?"
"Level of government" implies a tier, which could be Sense 2. But in SemCor, "at the local level" or "at the national level" is often Sense 7.
Wait, I recall a SemCor sentence: "The United States government operates on three levels: federal, state, and local." No, SemCor: "at the local level" -> sense 7.
Let's think about "level" in "at both the federal and state government levels". "at the X level" where X is an organizational unit. It's an abstract place. "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth" (layer, stratum). This matches perfectly with "federal and state government levels".

Let me review Sense 7: "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth; 'a good actor communicates on several levels'; 'a simile has at least two layers of meaning'"
I will choose Sense 7.

Let's check Sense 1: "a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality" -> "high level of care". Not this.
Sense 2: "a relative position or degree of value in a graded group" -> "lumber of the highest grade".
Sense 3: "a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process" -> "at what stage are the social sciences?".
Sense 4: "height above ground".
Sense 7: "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth".

"Federal and state government levels" = layers or strata of government. So Sense 7 fits best.

Let's do a sanity check. Is "at the state government level" a "specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process" (Sense 3)? A process has stages. Government is not a process, it's an organization. Organization has layers/strata. Therefore, Sense 7.

Is there any chance it is Sense 2? "a relative position or degree of value in a graded group". Government levels are a graded group? Maybe. But "abstract place usually conceived as having depth" is more commonly applied to conceptual domains (like government, art, communication).
Sense 7 is the best choice.

Target surface form: levels
Sentence: In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation.

Sense 7.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Baidu

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: part
Target surface form: part
Context:
An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least <t>part</t> of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation. Mr. Zupan teaches at the University of Southern California's business school.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=part%1:24:00:: | definition=something determined in relation to something that includes it | synonyms=portion, component part, component, constituent | examples=he wanted to feel a part of something bigger than himself; I read a portion of the manuscript
2. sense_key=part%1:06:00:: | definition=something less than the whole of a human artifact | synonyms=portion | examples=the rear part of the house; glue the two parts together
3. sense_key=part%1:17:00:: | definition=a portion of a natural object | synonyms=piece | examples=they analyzed the river into three parts; he needed a piece of granite
4. sense_key=part%1:09:02:: | definition=that which concerns a person with regard to a particular role or situation | examples=it requires vigilance on our part; they resisted every effort on his part
5. sense_key=part%1:15:00:: | definition=the extended spatial location of something | synonyms=region | examples=the farming regions of France; religions in all parts of the world
6. sense_key=part%1:04:01:: | definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=function, office, role | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part
7. sense_key=part%1:09:01:: | definition=an actor's portrayal of someone in a play | synonyms=character, role, theatrical role, persona | examples=she played the part of Desdemona
8. sense_key=part%1:21:00:: | definition=assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=share, portion, percentage | examples=he wanted his share in cash
9. sense_key=part%1:09:00:: | definition=one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole | synonyms=section, division | examples=the written part of the exam; the finance section of the company
10. sense_key=part%1:08:01:: | definition=a line of scalp that can be seen when sections of hair are combed in opposite directions | synonyms=parting | examples=his part was right in the middle
11. sense_key=part%1:10:00:: | definition=the melody carried by a particular voice or instrument in polyphonic music | synonyms=voice | examples=he tried to sing the tenor part
12. sense_key=part%1:04:03:: | definition=the part played by a person in bringing about a result | synonyms=contribution, share | examples=I am proud of my contribution in advancing the project; they all did their share of the work

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "part" in the phrase "at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation."

Here, "part" refers to a portion or a component of the irrational behavior. It's saying that some portion of the behavior has a rational explanation.

Sense 1: "something determined in relation to something that includes it" - synonyms: portion, component part, component, constituent - examples: "he wanted to feel a part of something bigger than himself; I read a portion of the manuscript"

Sense 2: "something less than the whole of a human artifact" - synonyms: portion - examples: "the rear part of the house; glue the two parts together"

Sense 9: "one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole" - synonyms: section, division - examples: "the written part of the exam; the finance section of the company"

The context is "part of the seemingly irrational behavior." This is about a portion of the behavior, not a physical artifact. Sense 1 seems to fit well - "something determined in relation to something that includes it" with examples like "I read a portion of the manuscript."

Sense 9 could also fit - "one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole."

But sense 1 is more general and fits "part of the behavior" better. The phrase "part of" here means a portion of something larger, which aligns with sense 1's definition "something determined in relation to something that includes it."

Actually, let me reconsider. Sense 9 says "one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole." The example "the written part of the exam" is similar to "part of the behavior."

Sense 1 says "something determined in relation to something that includes it" with example "I read a portion of the manuscript" and "he wanted to feel a part of something bigger than himself."

Both could work. But "part of the seemingly irrational behavior" is more like a portion of a whole, which is sense 9 or sense 1.

Sense 1 is more general and abstract - "something determined in relation to something that includes it." This fits "part of the behavior" well.

Sense 9 is about "one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided" - this implies the whole is divided into parts. The behavior isn't really "divided" into parts in this sense.

I think sense 1 is the best fit here. "Part of the seemingly irrational behavior" = a portion of the behavior, something determined in relation to the behavior that includes it.

Let me also consider sense 12: "the part played by a person in bringing about a result" - this doesn't fit because it's about contribution.

I'll go with sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: irrational
Target surface form: irrational
Context:
An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly <t>irrational</t> behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation. Mr. Zupan teaches at the University of Southern California's business school.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=irrational%3:00:00:: | definition=not consistent with or using reason | examples=irrational fears; irrational animals
2. sense_key=irrational%3:01:00:: | definition=real but not expressible as the quotient of two integers | examples=irrational numbers

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context discusses voters' behavior that seems "irrational" but may have a rational explanation. This is about reason and logic, not mathematics.

Sense 1: "not consistent with or using reason" - fits the context of seemingly irrational behavior.
Sense 2: "real but not expressible as the quotient of two integers" - mathematical sense, doesn't fit.

The answer is sense 1.

provider: CoreWeave


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: behavior
Target surface form: behavior
Context:
An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational <t>behavior</t> voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation. Mr. Zupan teaches at the University of Southern California's business school.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=behavior%1:04:00:: | definition=manner of acting or controlling yourself | synonyms=behaviour, conduct, doings
2. sense_key=behavior%1:26:00:: | definition=the action or reaction of something (as a machine or substance) under specified circumstances | synonyms=behaviour | examples=the behavior of small particles can be studied in experiments
3. sense_key=behavior%1:07:00:: | definition=(behavioral attributes) the way a person behaves toward other people | synonyms=demeanor, demeanour, behaviour, conduct, deportment
4. sense_key=behavior%1:04:01:: | definition=(psychology) the aggregate of the responses or reactions or movements made by an organism in any situation | synonyms=behaviour

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The target word "behavior" in context refers to how voters act in the voting booth - their manner of acting. This is sense 1: "manner of acting or controlling yourself".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: display
Target surface form: display
Context:
An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters <t>display</t> in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation. Mr. Zupan teaches at the University of Southern California's business school.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=display%2:39:00:: | definition=to show, make visible or apparent | synonyms=expose, exhibit | examples=The Metropolitan Museum is exhibiting Goya's works this month; Why don't you show your nice legs and wear shorter skirts?
2. sense_key=display%2:41:00:: | definition=attract attention by displaying some body part or posing; of animals

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "display" in the context: "...at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation."

Here, "display" means to show or exhibit behavior. Voters are showing/displaying behavior.

Sense 1: "to show, make visible or apparent" - synonyms: expose, exhibit. Examples include showing works, showing legs.
Sense 2: "attract attention by displaying some body part or posing; of animals" - this is clearly about animals displaying body parts, not relevant.

The context is about voters displaying behavior. This fits sense 1: to show, make visible or apparent.

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rational
Target surface form: rational
Context:
An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly <t>rational</t> explanation. Mr. Zupan teaches at the University of Southern California's business school.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rational%3:00:00:: | definition=consistent with or based on or using reason | examples=rational behavior; a process of rational inference
2. sense_key=rational%5:00:00:mental:00 | definition=of or associated with or requiring the use of the mind | synonyms=intellectual, noetic | examples=intellectual problems; the triumph of the rational over the animal side of man
3. sense_key=rational%3:01:00:: | definition=capable of being expressed as a quotient of integers | examples=rational numbers
4. sense_key=rational%5:00:00:intellectual:00 | definition=having its source in or being guided by the intellect (as distinguished from experience or emotion) | examples=a rational analysis

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context discusses how seemingly "irrational" voter behavior may have a "rational" explanation. This means the behavior, while appearing illogical, actually has a logical, reasoned explanation. The word "rational" here means "consistent with or based on or using reason" — sense 1.

Sense 4 is about being guided by intellect distinguished from experience or emotion, which is close but not quite the right nuance here. The contrast is between "irrational" (not based on reason) and "rational" (based on reason), which fits sense 1 perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: long
Target surface form: long
Context:
In the <t>long</t>, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating earthquake, Bay Area residents searched for comfort and solace wherever they could. Some found it on the screen of a personal computer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=long%3:00:02:: | definition=primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified | examples=a long life; a long boring speech
2. sense_key=long%3:00:01:: | definition=primarily spatial sense; of relatively great or greater than average spatial extension or extension as specified | examples=a long road; a long distance
3. sense_key=long%5:00:00:tall:00 | definition=of relatively great height; - Sherwood Anderson | examples=a race of long gaunt men; looked out the long French windows
4. sense_key=long%3:00:00:: | definition=good at remembering | synonyms=retentive, recollective, tenacious | examples=a retentive mind; tenacious memory
5. sense_key=long%3:00:05:: | definition=holding securities or commodities in expectation of a rise in prices | examples=is long on coffee; a long position in gold
6. sense_key=long%3:00:04:: | definition=(of speech sounds or syllables) of relatively long duration | examples=the English vowel sounds in `bate', `beat', `bite', `boat', `boot' are long
7. sense_key=long%5:00:00:unsound:00 | definition=involving substantial risk | examples=long odds
8. sense_key=long%5:00:00:provident:00 | definition=planning prudently for the future | synonyms=farseeing, farsighted, foresighted, foresightful, prospicient, longsighted | examples=large goals that required farsighted policies; took a long view of the geopolitical issues
9. sense_key=long%5:00:00:abundant:00 | definition=having or being more than normal or necessary: | examples=long on brains; in long supply

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "long" in the context: "In the long, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating earthquake..."

Here, "long" modifies "night," describing the duration of the night. It's about time - the night felt long in duration.

Sense 1: "primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time" - examples: "a long life; a long boring speech"

This fits perfectly - a "long night" refers to the temporal duration of the night being great.

Sense 2 is spatial, which doesn't fit.
Sense 3 is about height, which doesn't fit.
Sense 4 is about memory, which doesn't fit.
Sense 5 is about securities, which doesn't fit.
Sense 6 is about speech sounds, which doesn't fit.
Sense 7 is about risk, which doesn't fit.
Sense 8 is about planning, which doesn't fit.
Sense 9 is about abundance, which doesn't fit.

The answer is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: night
Target surface form: night
Context:
In the long, frightening <t>night</t> after Tuesday's devastating earthquake, Bay Area residents searched for comfort and solace wherever they could. Some found it on the screen of a personal computer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=night%1:28:00:: | definition=the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside | synonyms=nighttime, dark
2. sense_key=night%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of ignorance or backwardness or gloom
3. sense_key=night%1:28:04:: | definition=the period spent sleeping | examples=I had a restless night
4. sense_key=night%1:28:02:: | definition=the dark part of the diurnal cycle considered a time unit | examples=three nights later he collapsed
5. sense_key=night%1:26:00:: | definition=darkness | examples=it vanished into the night
6. sense_key=night%1:28:05:: | definition=a shortening of nightfall | examples=they worked from morning to night
7. sense_key=night%1:28:03:: | definition=the time between sunset and midnight | examples=he watched television every night
8. sense_key=night%1:18:00:: | definition=Roman goddess of night; daughter of Erebus; counterpart of Greek Nyx | synonyms=Nox

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "night" in the context: "In the long, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating earthquake, Bay Area residents searched for comfort and solace wherever they could."

The context refers to the literal night time after the earthquake. It says "the long, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating earthquake." This refers to the actual nighttime period - the time after sunset and before sunrise. It was a specific night following the earthquake on Tuesday.

Let me look at the candidates:
1. the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside
2. a period of ignorance or backwardness or gloom
3. the period spent sleeping
4. the dark part of the diurnal cycle considered a time unit - "three nights later he collapsed"
5. darkness
6. a shortening of nightfall
7. the time between sunset and midnight
8. Roman goddess of night

The context refers to "the long, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating earthquake." This is referring to the actual night time period. Sense 1 seems most appropriate: "the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside." The residents were awake during this night searching for comfort, not sleeping (so sense 3 about sleeping doesn't fit). It's not being used as a time unit in the sense of "three nights later" (sense 4). It's the actual period of darkness after sunset.

Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: devastate
Target surface form: devastating
Context:
In the long, frightening night after Tuesday's <t>devastating</t> earthquake, Bay Area residents searched for comfort and solace wherever they could. Some found it on the screen of a personal computer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=devastate%2:30:00:: | definition=cause extensive destruction or ruin utterly | synonyms=lay waste to, waste, desolate, ravage, scourge | examples=The enemy lay waste to the countryside after the invasion
2. sense_key=devastate%2:30:01:: | definition=overwhelm or overpower | examples=He was devastated by his grief when his son died

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "devastating" in the context of "devastating earthquake." The earthquake causes extensive destruction. Sense 1 is about causing extensive destruction or ruin, with synonyms like "lay waste to," "waste," "desolate," "ravage," "scourge." Sense 2 is about overwhelming or overpowering emotionally, like being devastated by grief.

In this context, "devastating earthquake" refers to an earthquake that caused extensive physical destruction. This matches sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: earthquake
Target surface form: earthquake
Context:
In the long, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating <t>earthquake</t>, Bay Area residents searched for comfort and solace wherever they could. Some found it on the screen of a personal computer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=earthquake%1:11:00:: | definition=shaking and vibration at the surface of the earth resulting from underground movement along a fault plane of from volcanic activity | synonyms=quake, temblor, seism
2. sense_key=earthquake%1:26:00:: | definition=a disturbance that is extremely disruptive | examples=selling the company caused an earthquake among the employees

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context describes "Tuesday's devastating earthquake" in the Bay Area, which clearly refers to a literal geological event — shaking and vibration at the surface of the earth. This is the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake.

Sense 1 is the correct literal sense.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: resident
Target surface form: residents
Context:
In the long, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating earthquake, Bay Area <t>residents</t> searched for comfort and solace wherever they could. Some found it on the screen of a personal computer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=resident%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who lives at a particular place for a prolonged period or who was born there | synonyms=occupant, occupier
2. sense_key=resident%1:18:01:: | definition=a physician (especially an intern) who lives in a hospital and cares for hospitalized patients under the supervision of the medical staff of the hospital | synonyms=house physician, resident physician | examples=the resident was receiving special clinical training at the hospital

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context is about "Bay Area residents" who searched for comfort after an earthquake. This clearly refers to people who live in the Bay Area, i.e., inhabitants/occupants of that region. Sense 1 is the correct sense.

provider: Wafer


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: search
Target surface form: searched
Context:
In the long, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating earthquake, Bay Area residents <t>searched</t> for comfort and solace wherever they could. Some found it on the screen of a personal computer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=search%2:35:00:: | definition=try to locate or discover, or try to establish the existence of | synonyms=seek, look for | examples=The police are searching for clues; They are searching for the missing man in the entire county
2. sense_key=search%2:39:00:: | definition=search or seek | synonyms=look | examples=We looked all day and finally found the child in the forest; Look elsewhere for the perfect gift!
3. sense_key=search%2:31:00:: | definition=inquire into | synonyms=research, explore | examples=the students had to research the history of the Second World War for their history project; He searched for information on his relatives on the web
4. sense_key=search%2:35:01:: | definition=subject to a search | examples=The police searched the suspect; We searched the whole house for the missing keys

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target is "searched" in the context: "Bay Area residents searched for comfort and solace wherever they could."
Here, "searched for" means trying to find or locate something (comfort and solace), which is an abstract search or seeking.
Sense 1: "try to locate or discover, or try to establish the existence of". Synonyms: seek, look for. Examples: "The police are searching for clues". This fits perfectly.
Sense 2: "search or seek". Synonyms: look. Examples: "We looked all day...".
Sense 3: "inquire into". Synonyms: research, explore. Doesn't fit "comfort and solace".
Sense 4: "subject to a search". Examples: "The police searched the suspect". Wrong syntax (needs a direct object).

Between Sense 1 and Sense 2:
Sense 1 is specific to "try to locate or discover". It's a very general sense for "searching for".
Sense 2 seems related to "look", acting as the synonym for search.
Given the target is "searched", Sense 1's synonyms "seek, look for" and examples "searching for clues" closely match "searched for comfort".

Let's choose Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: comfort
Target surface form: comfort
Context:
In the long, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating earthquake, Bay Area residents searched for <t>comfort</t> and solace wherever they could. Some found it on the screen of a personal computer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=comfort%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of being relaxed and feeling no pain | synonyms=comfortableness | examples=he is a man who enjoys his comfort; she longed for the comfortableness of her armchair
2. sense_key=comfort%1:12:00:: | definition=a feeling of freedom from worry or disappointment
3. sense_key=comfort%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of consoling; giving relief in affliction | synonyms=consolation, solace | examples=his presence was a consolation to her
4. sense_key=comfort%1:26:01:: | definition=a freedom from financial difficulty that promotes a comfortable state | synonyms=ease | examples=a life of luxury and ease; he had all the material comforts of this world
5. sense_key=comfort%1:26:02:: | definition=satisfaction or physical well-being provided by a person or thing | examples=his friendship was a comfort; a padded chair was one of the room's few comforts
6. sense_key=comfort%1:06:00:: | definition=bedding made of two layers of cloth filled with stuffing and stitched together | synonyms=quilt, comforter, puff
7. sense_key=comfort%1:04:01:: | definition=assistance, such as that provided to an enemy or to a known criminal | examples=it gave comfort to the enemy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "comfort" in the context: "In the long, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating earthquake, Bay Area residents searched for <t>comfort</t> and solace wherever they could. Some found it on the screen of a personal computer."

Let's analyze the context:
- There was a devastating earthquake
- Residents searched for "comfort" and solace
- They found it on the screen of a personal computer

The word "comfort" here is paired with "solace". They are seeking emotional relief after a frightening event (earthquake).

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. sense 1: a state of being relaxed and feeling no pain - physical comfort
2. sense 2: a feeling of freedom from worry or disappointment - emotional state
3. sense 3: the act of consoling; giving relief in affliction - synonyms include consolation, solace
4. sense 4: financial ease
5. sense 5: satisfaction or physical well-being provided by a person or thing - examples include "his friendship was a comfort"
6. sense 6: bedding (quilt)
7. sense 7: assistance to enemy

The context pairs "comfort" with "solace", and the synonyms for sense 3 include "solace" and "consolation". The example for sense 3 is "his presence was a consolation to her" which fits the emotional support context.

However, sense 5's example "his friendship was a comfort" also seems relevant - it's about satisfaction or well-being provided by a person or thing. In the context, they found comfort "on the screen of a personal computer" - a thing providing comfort.

Wait, let me reconsider. The context says "searched for comfort and solace" - these are being used as nouns referring to the emotional relief/consolation. The pairing with "solace" strongly suggests sense 3, where "solace" is actually listed as a synonym.

But wait, looking more carefully at sense 3: "the act of consoling; giving relief in affliction" - this is an act. But in the context, "comfort" is the object of their search - they are searching for comfort (the feeling/state of being consoled).

Sense 2: "a feeling of freedom from worry or disappointment" - this is a feeling. After an earthquake, they want freedom from worry.

Sense 5: "satisfaction or physical well-being provided by a person or thing" with example "his friendship was a comfort; a padded chair was one of the room's few comforts" - this seems to be about the thing that provides comfort.

Hmm, but in the context "searched for comfort and solace" - the parallel structure suggests comfort and solace are similar things. Solace is emotional relief.

Sense 3 has "solace" as a synonym, and the definition mentions "giving relief in affliction" which fits the earthquake context (affliction = earthquake devastation). The example "his presence was a consolation to her" fits the emotional support theme.

Actually, looking at this more carefully:
- "searched for comfort and solace" - they're searching for the emotional relief
- Sense 3 defines it as "the act of consoling; giving relief in affliction" with synonyms consolation, solace

But "the act of consoling" is an action, while what they're searching for seems to be a state or feeling. However, WordNet's definition might be schematic.

Sense 5: "satisfaction or physical well-being provided by a person or thing" - the example "his friendship was a comfort" shows it can be abstract/emotional comfort from a person or thing. They found comfort "on the screen of a personal computer" - a thing providing comfort.

The context mentions "solace" explicitly alongside "comfort", and sense 3 lists "solace" as a synonym. This strongly suggests sense 3 is the intended answer.

Actually, I need to think about whether "comfort" here refers to:
1. The feeling/state of being comforted (what they seek)
2. The act of comforting
3. Something/someone that provides comfort

"Bay Area residents searched for comfort and solace" - they searched for the feeling of relief/consolation.

Sense 3 is "the act of consoling; giving relief in affliction" - this is about the act/process, but the synonyms (consolation, solace) suggest it can also mean the result of that act.

Actually, in WordNet, the noun "consolation" can mean both the act and the state/feeling. The definition says "the act of consoling; giving relief in affliction" but the example "his presence was a consolation to her" shows it being used as something that provides the feeling.

I think sense 3 is the best match because:
1. "solace" is explicitly mentioned in the context and is a synonym for this sense
2. The earthquake context is an "affliction" and they seek "relief"
3. The example fits the emotional support theme

Let me also consider sense 2: "a feeling of freedom from worry or disappointment" - this is about a feeling, which is what they seek. But it doesn't have examples or synonyms listed, and "worry or disappointment" doesn't quite fit the earthquake trauma context as well as "affliction" does.

I'll go with sense 3.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: solace
Target surface form: solace
Context:
In the long, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating earthquake, Bay Area residents searched for comfort and <t>solace</t> wherever they could. Some found it on the screen of a personal computer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=solace%1:12:00:: | definition=the comfort you feel when consoled in times of disappointment | synonyms=consolation, solacement | examples=second place was no consolation to him
2. sense_key=solace%1:26:00:: | definition=comfort in disappointment or misery | synonyms=solacement
3. sense_key=solace%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of consoling; giving relief in affliction | synonyms=consolation, comfort | examples=his presence was a consolation to her

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about Bay Area residents searching for comfort and solace after an earthquake. This is about finding emotional comfort in a time of distress/misery, not specifically "disappointment."

Sense 1: "the comfort you feel when consoled in times of disappointment" - example: "second place was no consolation to him" - this is about disappointment
Sense 2: "comfort in disappointment or misery" - this mentions misery, which fits the earthquake context
Sense 3: "the act of consoling; giving relief in affliction" - this is about the act of consoling

The context describes people searching for comfort and solace after a devastating earthquake - this is about misery/affliction, not disappointment.

Sense 2 mentions "disappointment or misery" - the misery part fits the earthquake context well.
Sense 3 is about "the act of consoling" - but the context is about the feeling/state of solace, not the act.

Actually, let me reconsider. "Searched for comfort and solace" - here solace is being used as a noun referring to the comfort/relief itself, not the act of consoling. So sense 3 seems less likely as it's about the act.

Between sense 1 and sense 2: Sense 1 is specifically about "disappointment" with example about second place. Sense 2 mentions "disappointment or misery" - misery fits better for an earthquake aftermath.

I'll go with sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: screen
Target surface form: screen
Context:
In the long, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating earthquake, Bay Area residents searched for comfort and solace wherever they could. Some found it on the <t>screen</t> of a personal computer. Hundreds of Californians made their way to their computers after the quake, and checked in with each other on electronic bulletin boards, which link computers CB-radio-style, via phone lines.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=screen%1:06:06:: | definition=a white or silvered surface where pictures can be projected for viewing | synonyms=silver screen, projection screen
2. sense_key=screen%1:06:04:: | definition=a protective covering that keeps things out or hinders sight | synonyms=blind | examples=they had just moved in and had not put up blinds yet
3. sense_key=screen%1:06:05:: | definition=the display that is electronically created on the surface of the large end of a cathode-ray tube | synonyms=CRT screen
4. sense_key=screen%1:06:01:: | definition=a covering that serves to conceal or shelter something | synonyms=cover, covert, concealment | examples=a screen of trees afforded privacy; under cover of darkness
5. sense_key=screen%1:06:00:: | definition=a protective covering consisting of netting; can be mounted in a frame | examples=they put screens in the windows for protection against insects; a metal screen protected the observers
6. sense_key=screen%1:14:00:: | definition=the personnel of the film industry | synonyms=filmdom, screenland | examples=a star of stage and screen
7. sense_key=screen%1:06:02:: | definition=a strainer for separating lumps from powdered material or grading particles | synonyms=sieve
8. sense_key=screen%1:06:07:: | definition=a door that consists of a frame holding metallic or plastic netting; used to allow ventilation and to keep insects from entering a building through the open door | synonyms=screen door | examples=he heard the screen slam as she left
9. sense_key=screen%1:06:03:: | definition=partition consisting of a decorative frame or panel that serves to divide a space

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about Bay Area residents using personal computers after an earthquake and finding comfort on the "screen" of a personal computer. They checked in with each other on electronic bulletin boards.

Sense 1: projection screen (for movies)
Sense 2: protective covering/blind
Sense 3: CRT screen - the display that is electronically created on the surface of the large end of a cathode-ray tube
Sense 4: covering that conceals
Sense 5: netting screen
Sense 6: film industry personnel
Sense 7: sieve
Sense 8: screen door
Sense 9: partition

The context clearly refers to the screen of a personal computer, which is the display. Sense 3 (CRT screen) is the best match - "the display that is electronically created on the surface of the large end of a cathode-ray tube."

The answer is sense 3.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: make
Target surface form: made
Context:
In the long, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating earthquake, Bay Area residents searched for comfort and solace wherever they could. Some found it on the screen of a personal computer. Hundreds of Californians <t>made</t> their way to their computers after the quake, and checked in with each other on electronic bulletin boards, which link computers CB-radio-style, via phone lines. Some of the most vivid bulletins came over The Well, a Sausalito, Calif., board that is one of the liveliest outposts of the electronic underground.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=make%2:41:00:: | definition=engage in | synonyms=do | examples=make love, not war; make an effort
2. sense_key=make%2:30:00:: | definition=give certain properties to something | synonyms=get | examples=get someone mad; She made us look silly
3. sense_key=make%2:36:00:: | definition=make or cause to be or to become | synonyms=create | examples=make a mess in one's office; create a furor
4. sense_key=make%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, have, get | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
5. sense_key=make%2:36:08:: | definition=give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally | synonyms=cause, do | examples=cause a commotion; make a stir
6. sense_key=make%2:36:01:: | definition=create or manufacture a man-made product | synonyms=produce, create | examples=We produce more cars than we can sell; The company has been making toys for two centuries
7. sense_key=make%2:31:00:: | definition=make, formulate, or derive in the mind | synonyms=draw | examples=I draw a line here; draw a conclusion
8. sense_key=make%2:36:15:: | definition=compel or make somebody or something to act in a certain way | examples=People cannot be made to integrate just by passing a law!; Heat makes you sweat
9. sense_key=make%2:36:09:: | definition=create by artistic means | synonyms=create | examples=create a poem; Schoenberg created twelve-tone music
10. sense_key=make%2:40:01:: | definition=earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages | synonyms=gain, take in, clear, earn, realize, realise | examples=How much do you make a month in your new job?; She earns a lot in her new job
11. sense_key=make%2:36:05:: | definition=create or design, often in a certain way | synonyms=do | examples=Do my room in blue; I did this piece in wood to express my love for the forest
12. sense_key=make%2:42:05:: | definition=to compose or represent: | synonyms=form, constitute | examples=This wall forms the background of the stage setting; The branches made a roof
13. sense_key=make%2:38:02:: | definition=reach a goal, e.g., | synonyms=reach, get to, progress to | examples=make the first team; We made it!
14. sense_key=make%2:42:00:: | definition=be or be capable of being changed or made into | examples=He makes a great host; He will make a fine father
15. sense_key=make%2:36:11:: | definition=make by shaping or bringing together constituents | examples=make a dress; make a cake
16. sense_key=make%2:36:12:: | definition=perform or carry out | examples=make a decision; make a move
17. sense_key=make%2:36:13:: | definition=make by combining materials and parts | synonyms=construct, build | examples=this little pig made his house out of straw; Some eccentric constructed an electric brassiere warmer
18. sense_key=make%2:30:15:: | definition=change from one form into another | examples=make water into wine; make lead into gold
19. sense_key=make%2:29:08:: | definition=act in a certain way so as to acquire | examples=make friends; make enemies
20. sense_key=make%2:41:03:: | definition=charge with a function; charge to be | synonyms=name, nominate | examples=She was named Head of the Committee; She was made president of the club
21. sense_key=make%2:40:02:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=have, get | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
22. sense_key=make%2:38:00:: | definition=reach a destination, either real or abstract | synonyms=reach, attain, hit, arrive at, gain | examples=We hit Detroit by noon; The water reached the doorstep
23. sense_key=make%2:31:13:: | definition=institute, enact, or establish | synonyms=lay down, establish | examples=make laws
24. sense_key=make%2:41:13:: | definition=carry out or commit | examples=make a mistake; commit a faux-pas
25. sense_key=make%2:41:01:: | definition=form by assembling individuals or constituents | examples=Make a quorum
26. sense_key=make%2:36:04:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, have, give | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
27. sense_key=make%2:30:02:: | definition=put in order or neaten | synonyms=make up | examples=make the bed; make up a room
28. sense_key=make%2:38:05:: | definition=head into a specified direction | synonyms=take | examples=The escaped convict took to the hills; We made for the mountains
29. sense_key=make%2:29:00:: | definition=have a bowel movement | synonyms=stool, defecate, shit, take a shit, take a crap, ca-ca | examples=The dog had made in the flower beds
30. sense_key=make%2:42:09:: | definition=undergo fabrication or creation | examples=This wool makes into a nice sweater
31. sense_key=make%2:42:13:: | definition=be suitable for | examples=Wood makes good furniture
32. sense_key=make%2:42:12:: | definition=add up to | examples=four and four make eight
33. sense_key=make%2:42:11:: | definition=amount to | examples=This salary increase makes no difference to my standard of living
34. sense_key=make%2:42:15:: | definition=constitute the essence of | examples=Clothes make the man
35. sense_key=make%2:39:12:: | definition=appear to begin an activity | examples=He made to speak but said nothing in the end; She made as if to say hello to us
36. sense_key=make%2:38:10:: | definition=proceed along a path | synonyms=work | examples=work one's way through the crowd; make one's way into the forest
37. sense_key=make%2:38:15:: | definition=reach in time | examples=We barely made the plane
38. sense_key=make%2:36:10:: | definition=gather and light the materials for | examples=make a fire
39. sense_key=make%2:36:07:: | definition=prepare for eating by applying heat | synonyms=cook, fix, ready, prepare | examples=Cook me dinner, please; can you make me an omelette?
40. sense_key=make%2:35:13:: | definition=induce to have sex | synonyms=seduce, score | examples=Harry finally seduced Sally; Did you score last night?
41. sense_key=make%2:32:14:: | definition=assure the success of | examples=A good review by this critic will make your play!
42. sense_key=make%2:32:09:: | definition=represent fictitiously, as in a play, or pretend to be or act like | synonyms=pretend, make believe | examples=She makes like an actress
43. sense_key=make%2:31:10:: | definition=consider as being | examples=It wasn't the problem some people made it
44. sense_key=make%2:31:12:: | definition=calculate as being | examples=I make the height about 100 feet
45. sense_key=make%2:30:10:: | definition=cause to be enjoyable or pleasurable | examples=make my day
46. sense_key=make%2:30:14:: | definition=favor the development of | examples=Practice makes the winner
47. sense_key=make%2:30:12:: | definition=develop into | examples=He will make a splendid father!
48. sense_key=make%2:29:06:: | definition=behave in a certain way | examples=make merry
49. sense_key=make%2:29:01:: | definition=eliminate urine | synonyms=urinate, piddle, puddle, micturate, piss, pee | examples=Again, the cat had made on the expensive rug

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "made" in the context: "Hundreds of Californians made their way to their computers after the quake..."

The phrase is "made their way to".
Let's look at the senses.
Sense 36: sense_key=make%2:38:10:: | definition=proceed along a path | synonyms=work | examples=work one's way through the crowd; make one's way into the forest
This matches "made their way to" perfectly. The example is "make one's way into the forest" and the synonym is "work" as in "work one's way through the crowd".
Let's double check.
Sense 28: make%2:38:05:: | definition=head into a specified direction | synonyms=take | examples=The escaped convict took to the hills; We made for the mountains
"make their way to" fits "proceed along a path" better.

Let's verify sense 36.
"make one's way into the forest"
"Hundreds of Californians made their way to their computers"
This is an exact match for the idiom "make one's way".

Therefore, sense 36.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: computer
Target surface form: computers
Context:
In the long, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating earthquake, Bay Area residents searched for comfort and solace wherever they could. Some found it on the screen of a personal computer. Hundreds of Californians made their way to their <t>computers</t> after the quake, and checked in with each other on electronic bulletin boards, which link computers CB-radio-style, via phone lines. Some of the most vivid bulletins came over The Well, a Sausalito, Calif., board that is one of the liveliest outposts of the electronic underground.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=computer%1:06:00:: | definition=a machine for performing calculations automatically | synonyms=computing machine, computing device, data processor, electronic computer, information processing system
2. sense_key=computer%1:18:00:: | definition=an expert at calculation (or at operating calculating machines) | synonyms=calculator, reckoner, figurer, estimator

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context talks about "personal computer," "electronic bulletin boards," "phone lines," and "The Well" (a Sausalito bulletin board). These are clearly referring to machines/devices used for communication and information processing, not human experts at calculation.

Sense 1: a machine for performing calculations automatically - synonyms include computing machine, computing device, data processor, electronic computer, information processing system. This fits the context of personal computers, electronic bulletin boards, etc.

Sense 2: an expert at calculation - synonyms include calculator, reckoner, figurer, estimator. This is a human expert, not a machine.

The answer is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: link
Target surface form: link
Context:
In the long, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating earthquake, Bay Area residents searched for comfort and solace wherever they could. Some found it on the screen of a personal computer. Hundreds of Californians made their way to their computers after the quake, and checked in with each other on electronic bulletin boards, which <t>link</t> computers CB-radio-style, via phone lines. Some of the most vivid bulletins came over The Well, a Sausalito, Calif., board that is one of the liveliest outposts of the electronic underground.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=link%2:31:00:: | definition=make a logical or causal connection | synonyms=associate, tie in, relate, colligate, link up, connect | examples=I cannot connect these two pieces of evidence in my mind; colligate these facts
2. sense_key=link%2:35:00:: | definition=connect, fasten, or put together two or more pieces | synonyms=connect, tie, link up | examples=Can you connect the two loudspeakers?; Tie the ropes together
3. sense_key=link%2:42:01:: | definition=be or become joined or united or linked | synonyms=connect, link up, join, unite | examples=The two streets connect to become a highway; Our paths joined
4. sense_key=link%2:35:02:: | definition=link with or as with a yoke | synonyms=yoke | examples=yoke the oxen together

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "link" used in context: "electronic bulletin boards, which link computers CB-radio-style, via phone lines."

Here, "link" means to connect computers together via phone lines. The computers are being connected/fastened/put together electronically.

Sense 1: "make a logical or causal connection" - this is more about connecting ideas or evidence in one's mind.
Sense 2: "connect, fasten, or put together two or more pieces" - examples are connecting loudspeakers, tying ropes together. This is about physically connecting things.
Sense 3: "be or become joined or united or linked" - examples: "The two streets connect to become a highway; Our paths joined." This is about things becoming joined.
Sense 4: "link with or as with a yoke" - too specific.

The context is about bulletin boards that link computers together via phone lines. This is about connecting computers, which is most similar to sense 2 ("connect, fasten, or put together two or more pieces") with the example "Can you connect the two loudspeakers?" - connecting electronic devices together.

Sense 3 is about things becoming joined/united, like streets becoming a highway or paths joining. That's more about things merging into one.

Sense 2 seems best - it's about connecting two or more pieces (computers) together, like connecting loudspeakers.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: computer
Target surface form: computers
Context:
In the long, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating earthquake, Bay Area residents searched for comfort and solace wherever they could. Some found it on the screen of a personal computer. Hundreds of Californians made their way to their computers after the quake, and checked in with each other on electronic bulletin boards, which link <t>computers</t> CB-radio-style, via phone lines. Some of the most vivid bulletins came over The Well, a Sausalito, Calif., board that is one of the liveliest outposts of the electronic underground.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=computer%1:06:00:: | definition=a machine for performing calculations automatically | synonyms=computing machine, computing device, data processor, electronic computer, information processing system
2. sense_key=computer%1:18:00:: | definition=an expert at calculation (or at operating calculating machines) | synonyms=calculator, reckoner, figurer, estimator

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "computers" in the context of personal computers, electronic bulletin boards, phone lines, etc. This clearly refers to machines, not human experts.

Sense 1: a machine for performing calculations automatically
Sense 2: an expert at calculation

The context is about people using computers (machines) to communicate via electronic bulletin boards. So sense 1 is correct.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: vivid
Target surface form: vivid
Context:
In the long, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating earthquake, Bay Area residents searched for comfort and solace wherever they could. Some found it on the screen of a personal computer. Hundreds of Californians made their way to their computers after the quake, and checked in with each other on electronic bulletin boards, which link computers CB-radio-style, via phone lines. Some of the most <t>vivid</t> bulletins came over The Well, a Sausalito, Calif., board that is one of the liveliest outposts of the electronic underground. About two-thirds of the Well's 3,000 subscribers live in the Bay Area.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=vivid%5:00:00:realistic:00 | definition=evoking lifelike images within the mind | synonyms=graphic, lifelike, pictorial | examples=pictorial poetry and prose; graphic accounts of battle
2. sense_key=vivid%5:00:00:clear:00 | definition=having the clarity and freshness of immediate experience | examples=a vivid recollection
3. sense_key=vivid%5:00:00:colorful:00 | definition=having striking color | synonyms=bright, brilliant | examples=bright dress; brilliant tapestries
4. sense_key=vivid%5:00:00:saturated:03 | definition=(of color) having the highest saturation | synonyms=intense | examples=vivid green; intense blue

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "vivid" in the context: "Some of the most vivid bulletins came over The Well..."

The bulletins are electronic messages posted on a bulletin board system after an earthquake. These are text-based accounts describing experiences. They would be "vivid" in the sense that they evoke lifelike images within the mind - they are graphic, lifelike accounts of what people experienced during the earthquake.

Sense 1: "evoking lifelike images within the mind" with synonyms "graphic, lifelike, pictorial" and examples like "graphic accounts of battle" - this fits well because the bulletins are accounts/descriptions that paint a picture in the reader's mind.

Sense 2: "having the clarity and freshness of immediate experience" with example "a vivid recollection" - this could also fit since the bulletins are fresh, immediate accounts.

But sense 1 seems better because "graphic accounts of battle" is very close to "vivid bulletins" - both are accounts/descriptions that evoke lifelike images. The bulletins are textual descriptions that make readers feel like they're experiencing the events.

I'll go with sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: come
Target surface form: came
Context:
In the long, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating earthquake, Bay Area residents searched for comfort and solace wherever they could. Some found it on the screen of a personal computer. Hundreds of Californians made their way to their computers after the quake, and checked in with each other on electronic bulletin boards, which link computers CB-radio-style, via phone lines. Some of the most vivid bulletins <t>came</t> over The Well, a Sausalito, Calif., board that is one of the liveliest outposts of the electronic underground. About two-thirds of the Well's 3,000 subscribers live in the Bay Area.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=come%2:38:00:: | definition=move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody | synonyms=come up | examples=He came singing down the road; Come with me to the Casbah
2. sense_key=come%2:38:04:: | definition=reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress | synonyms=arrive, get | examples=She arrived home at 7 o'clock; She didn't get to Chicago until after midnight
3. sense_key=come%2:30:01:: | definition=come to pass; arrive, as in due course | examples=The first success came three days later; It came as a shock
4. sense_key=come%2:30:03:: | definition=reach or enter a state, relation, condition, use, or position | examples=The water came to a boil; We came to understand the true meaning of life
5. sense_key=come%2:42:04:: | definition=to be the product or result | synonyms=follow | examples=Melons come from a vine; Understanding comes from experience
6. sense_key=come%2:30:02:: | definition=be found or available | examples=These shoes come in three colors; The furniture comes unassembled
7. sense_key=come%2:42:13:: | definition=come forth | synonyms=issue forth | examples=A scream came from the woman's mouth; His breath came hard
8. sense_key=come%2:42:09:: | definition=be a native of | synonyms=hail | examples=She hails from Kalamazoo
9. sense_key=come%2:42:03:: | definition=extend or reach | examples=The water came up to my waist; The sleeves come to your knuckles
10. sense_key=come%2:42:05:: | definition=exist or occur in a certain point in a series | examples=Next came the student from France
11. sense_key=come%2:38:03:: | definition=cover a certain distance | examples=She came a long way
12. sense_key=come%2:42:00:: | definition=come under, be classified or included | synonyms=fall | examples=fall into a category; This comes under a new heading
13. sense_key=come%2:30:13:: | definition=happen as a result | examples=Nothing good will come of this
14. sense_key=come%2:42:12:: | definition=add up in number or quantity | synonyms=total, number, add up, amount | examples=The bills amounted to $2,000; The bill came to $2,000
15. sense_key=come%2:42:11:: | definition=develop into | synonyms=add up, amount | examples=This idea will never amount to anything; nothing came of his grandiose plans
16. sense_key=come%2:38:02:: | definition=be received | synonyms=come in | examples=News came in of the massacre in Rwanda
17. sense_key=come%2:31:14:: | definition=come to one's mind; suggest itself | synonyms=occur | examples=It occurred to me that we should hire another secretary; A great idea then came to her
18. sense_key=come%2:42:15:: | definition=come from; be connected by a relationship of blood, for example | synonyms=derive, descend | examples=She was descended from an old Italian noble family; he comes from humble origins
19. sense_key=come%2:42:02:: | definition=proceed or get along | synonyms=do, fare, make out, get along | examples=How is she doing in her new job?; How are you making out in graduate school?
20. sense_key=come%2:39:00:: | definition=experience orgasm | examples=she could not come because she was too upset
21. sense_key=come%2:31:13:: | definition=have a certain priority | examples=My family comes first

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "came" in the sentence: "Some of the most vivid bulletins came over The Well, a Sausalito, Calif., board..."

The context is about bulletins (messages/posts) coming over an electronic bulletin board system called The Well. This is about information/messages being received or arriving.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. come%2:38:00:: - move toward, travel toward - "He came singing down the road" - physical movement
2. come%2:38:04:: - reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress - "She arrived home at 7 o'clock" - physical arrival
3. come%2:30:01:: - come to pass; arrive, as in due course - "The first success came three days later; It came as a shock" - events happening
4. come%2:30:03:: - reach or enter a state, relation, condition - "The water came to a boil"
5. come%2:42:04:: - to be the product or result - "Melons come from a vine"
6. come%2:30:02:: - be found or available - "These shoes come in three colors"
7. come%2:42:13:: - come forth - "A scream came from the woman's mouth; His breath came hard"
8. come%2:42:09:: - be a native of - "She hails from Kalamazoo"
9. come%2:42:03:: - extend or reach - "The water came up to my waist"
10. come%2:42:05:: - exist or occur in a certain point in a series - "Next came the student from France"
11. come%2:38:03:: - cover a certain distance - "She came a long way"
12. come%2:42:00:: - come under, be classified or included - "This comes under a new heading"
13. come%2:30:13:: - happen as a result - "Nothing good will come of this"
14. come%2:42:12:: - add up in number or quantity - "The bill came to $2,000"
15. come%2:42:11:: - develop into - "nothing came of his grandiose plans"
16. come%2:38:02:: - be received - "News came in of the massacre in Rwanda"
17. come%2:31:14:: - come to one's mind; suggest itself - "It occurred to me"
18. come%2:42:15:: - come from; be connected by relationship of blood
19. come%2:42:02:: - proceed or get along - "How is she doing in her new job?"
20. come%2:39:00:: - experience orgasm
21. come%2:31:13:: - have a certain priority - "My family comes first"

The sentence is: "Some of the most vivid bulletins came over The Well..."

This is about bulletins (messages) coming over an electronic system. This is similar to news or information being received.

Sense 16 (come%2:38:02::) - "be received" with example "News came in of the massacre in Rwanda" and synonyms "come in" seems very relevant. The bulletins "came over" The Well - they were received via The Well.

Sense 3 (come%2:30:01::) - "come to pass; arrive, as in due course" with examples "The first success came three days later; It came as a shock" - this is about events occurring.

The bulletins "came over" The Well - this is about information being transmitted/received over a communication medium. The synonym "come in" and example "News came in of the massacre" in sense 16 matches closely. "Came over" here means the bulletins were received via/transmitted through The Well system.

I think sense 16 is the best match - "be received" - as the bulletins came (were received) over The Well, similar to "News came in of the massacre in Rwanda."

Actually, let me reconsider. "Came over" could also be interpreted as the bulletins arriving/appearing on The Well. Sense 2 (arrive by movement or progress) is more physical. Sense 16 (be received) with the example "News came in" is very close to "bulletins came over" - both about information/messages being received through a medium.

I'll go with sense 16.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: electronic
Target surface form: electronic
Context:
In the long, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating earthquake, Bay Area residents searched for comfort and solace wherever they could. Some found it on the screen of a personal computer. Hundreds of Californians made their way to their computers after the quake, and checked in with each other on electronic bulletin boards, which link computers CB-radio-style, via phone lines. Some of the most vivid bulletins came over The Well, a Sausalito, Calif., board that is one of the liveliest outposts of the <t>electronic</t> underground. About two-thirds of the Well's 3,000 subscribers live in the Bay Area.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=electronic%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to electronics; concerned with or using devices that operate on principles governing the behavior of electrons | examples=electronic devices
2. sense_key=electronic%3:01:01:: | definition=of or concerned with electrons | examples=electronic energy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "electronic" in the phrase "electronic underground".
The context discusses electronic bulletin boards, computers, and phone lines.
Sense 1: "of or relating to electronics; concerned with or using devices that operate on principles governing the behavior of electrons" (examples: electronic devices)
Sense 2: "of or concerned with electrons" (examples: electronic energy)

Clearly, "electronic" here refers to electronics, computers, devices operating on electrons, not "electrons" themselves (like electronic energy states).
Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: subscriber
Target surface form: subscribers
Context:
In the long, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating earthquake, Bay Area residents searched for comfort and solace wherever they could. Some found it on the screen of a personal computer. Hundreds of Californians made their way to their computers after the quake, and checked in with each other on electronic bulletin boards, which link computers CB-radio-style, via phone lines. Some of the most vivid bulletins came over The Well, a Sausalito, Calif., board that is one of the liveliest outposts of the electronic underground. About two-thirds of the Well's 3,000 <t>subscribers</t> live in the Bay Area. The quake knocked The Well out for six hours, but when it came back up, it teemed with emotional first-hand reports.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=subscriber%1:18:02:: | definition=someone who expresses strong approval | synonyms=endorser, indorser, ratifier
2. sense_key=subscriber%1:18:01:: | definition=someone who contracts to receive and pay for a service or a certain number of issues of a publication | synonyms=reader
3. sense_key=subscriber%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who contributes (or promises to contribute) a sum of money | synonyms=contributor

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context talks about "The Well's 3,000 subscribers" where The Well is an electronic bulletin board. Subscribers here are people who pay to use the service/access the bulletin board. This matches sense 2: "someone who contracts to receive and pay for a service or a certain number of issues of a publication" with synonym "reader".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: live
Target surface form: live
Context:
In the long, frightening night after Tuesday's devastating earthquake, Bay Area residents searched for comfort and solace wherever they could. Some found it on the screen of a personal computer. Hundreds of Californians made their way to their computers after the quake, and checked in with each other on electronic bulletin boards, which link computers CB-radio-style, via phone lines. Some of the most vivid bulletins came over The Well, a Sausalito, Calif., board that is one of the liveliest outposts of the electronic underground. About two-thirds of the Well's 3,000 subscribers <t>live</t> in the Bay Area. The quake knocked The Well out for six hours, but when it came back up, it teemed with emotional first-hand reports.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=live%2:42:08:: | definition=inhabit or live in; be an inhabitant of | synonyms=populate, dwell, inhabit | examples=People lived in Africa millions of years ago; The people inhabited the islands that are now deserted
2. sense_key=live%2:42:06:: | definition=lead a certain kind of life; live in a certain style | examples=we had to live frugally after the war
3. sense_key=live%2:42:04:: | definition=continue to live through hardship or adversity | synonyms=survive, last, live on, go, endure, hold up | examples=We went without water and food for 3 days; These superstitions survive in the backwaters of America
4. sense_key=live%2:42:01:: | definition=support oneself | synonyms=exist, survive, subsist | examples=he could barely exist on such a low wage; Can you live on $2000 a month in New York City?
5. sense_key=live%2:42:00:: | definition=have life, be alive | synonyms=be | examples=Our great leader is no more; My grandfather lived until the end of war
6. sense_key=live%2:31:00:: | definition=have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations | synonyms=know, experience | examples=I know the feeling!; have you ever known hunger?
7. sense_key=live%2:42:07:: | definition=pursue a positive and satisfying existence | examples=You must accept yourself and others if you really want to live

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is: "About two-thirds of the Well's 3,000 subscribers live in the Bay Area."
Here, "live" means to reside or inhabit a place. The Bay Area is a place.
Sense 1: "inhabit or live in; be an inhabitant of" with synonyms "populate, dwell, inhabit" and examples "People lived in Africa millions of years ago; The people inhabited the islands that are now deserted".
This matches perfectly. The subscribers reside/dwell in the Bay Area.