[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: misconduct
Target surface form: misconduct
Context:
The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish <t>misconduct</t>. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=misconduct%1:04:01:: | definition=bad or dishonest management by persons supposed to act on another's behalf
2. sense_key=misconduct%1:04:00:: | definition=activity that transgresses moral or civil law | synonyms=wrongdoing, wrongful conduct, actus reus | examples=he denied any wrongdoing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "misconduct" in the context: "Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct."

The context is about financial companies, mortgage-backed securities, the financial crisis, Lehman Brothers going bankrupt, and investors/regulators bringing claims for compensation or to punish misconduct.

Sense 1: "bad or dishonest management by persons supposed to act on another's behalf" - This refers to misconduct in a fiduciary/management role.

Sense 2: "activity that transgresses moral or civil law" with synonyms "wrongdoing, wrongful conduct, actus reus" - This is a more general sense of wrongdoing.

In this context, investors and regulators are bringing claims to punish misconduct related to financial companies' handling of mortgage-backed securities. The misconduct here refers to the wrongful or illegal activities (such as selling dubious mortgage securities) that the financial institutions engaged in.

Sense 1 specifically mentions "management by persons supposed to act on another's behalf" - this could apply to financial institutions managing investments on behalf of clients, but the context is broader - it's about the general misconduct/wrongdoing of banks in creating and selling bad mortgage securities.

Sense 2 with its synonyms "wrongdoing, wrongful conduct" and example "he denied any wrongdoing" fits well with the context of regulators and investors bringing claims to punish misconduct. The phrase "to punish misconduct" aligns with punishing wrongdoing/illegal activity.

Actually, let me reconsider. The context talks about "claims for compensation or to punish misconduct" - this legal/regulatory context suggests wrongdoing in a broader sense. The banks did things that transgressed law (selling dubious securities, misrepresenting them), which investors and regulators want to punish.

Sense 2 seems more appropriate because:
- The synonyms include "wrongdoing" which fits the legal context
- The example "he denied any wrongdoing" matches the legal claims context
- The definition "activity that transgresses moral or civil law" fits the regulatory action

Sense 1 is more specific about "management by persons supposed to act on another's behalf" - while there is a fiduciary element, the context seems broader, focusing on the banks' general misconduct in the financial crisis.

I'll go with sense 2.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: wave
Target surface form: wave
Context:
They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest <t>wave</t> of claims. It accuses 18 major international banks of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion dollars.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=wave%1:11:01:: | definition=one of a series of ridges that moves across the surface of a liquid (especially across a large body of water) | synonyms=moving ridge
2. sense_key=wave%1:04:02:: | definition=a movement like that of a sudden occurrence or increase in a specified phenomenon | examples=a wave of settlers; troops advancing in waves
3. sense_key=wave%1:11:00:: | definition=(physics) a movement up and down or back and forth | synonyms=undulation
4. sense_key=wave%1:11:02:: | definition=something that rises rapidly | examples=a wave of emotion swept over him; there was a sudden wave of buying before the market closed
5. sense_key=wave%1:10:01:: | definition=the act of signaling by a movement of the hand | synonyms=waving, wafture
6. sense_key=wave%1:08:00:: | definition=a hairdo that creates undulations in the hair
7. sense_key=wave%1:25:00:: | definition=an undulating curve | synonyms=undulation
8. sense_key=wave%1:19:00:: | definition=a persistent and widespread unusual weather condition (especially of unusual temperatures) | examples=a heat wave
9. sense_key=wave%1:18:00:: | definition=a member of the women's reserve of the United States Navy; originally organized during World War II but now no longer a separate branch

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content: The target word "wave" appears in the phrase "the largest wave of claims." Here, "wave" refers to a sudden occurrence or increase in a specified phenomenon (claims). This matches sense 2: "a movement like that of a sudden occurrence or increase in a specified phenomenon" with examples "a wave of settlers; troops advancing in waves."

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Baidu

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: claim
Target surface form: claims
Context:
They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of <t>claims</t>. It accuses 18 major international banks of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion dollars.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=claim%1:10:00:: | definition=an assertion of a right (as to money or property) | examples=his claim asked for damages
2. sense_key=claim%1:10:02:: | definition=an assertion that something is true or factual | examples=his claim that he was innocent; evidence contradicted the government's claims
3. sense_key=claim%1:04:00:: | definition=demand for something as rightful or due | examples=they struck in support of their claim for a shorter work day
4. sense_key=claim%1:07:02:: | definition=an informal right to something | synonyms=title | examples=his claim on her attentions; his title to fame
5. sense_key=claim%1:07:01:: | definition=an established or recognized right | synonyms=title | examples=a strong legal claim to the property; he had no documents confirming his title to his father's estate
6. sense_key=claim%1:10:01:: | definition=a demand especially in the phrase | synonyms=call | examples=the call of duty

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context discusses financial companies, investors, regulators bringing "claims for compensation" or to "punish misconduct." The FHFA has been behind a wave of claims, accusing banks. These are legal assertions of a right to money (compensation).

Sense 1: "an assertion of a right (as to money or property)" - example "his claim asked for damages" - This fits well with "claims for compensation."

Sense 3: "demand for something as rightful or due" - example "they struck in support of their claim for a shorter work day" - This is more about demands in general.

The context is specifically about legal claims for compensation/money. Sense 1 seems most appropriate with "his claim asked for damages" which is very close to "claims for compensation."

Let me check sense 5: "an established or recognized right" - this is about already established rights, not new claims being brought.

The context says "brought a vast number of claims for compensation" - these are legal claims asserting a right to money. Sense 1 fits best.

Sense 1 is the best choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bank
Target surface form: banks
Context:
This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims. It accuses 18 major international <t>banks</t> of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion dollars. Deutsche Bank also faces legal action by the FHFA covering multiple transactions with a total value of 14.2 billion dollars from 2005 to 2007.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) | examples=they pulled the canoe up on the bank; he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile | examples=a huge bank of earth
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers | examples=he operated a bank of switches
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games | examples=he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force | synonyms=cant, camber
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home | synonyms=savings bank, coin bank, money box | examples=the coin bank was empty
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building | examples=the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning) | examples=the plane went into a steep bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about financial companies, investment banks like Lehman Brothers, Deutsche Bank, and international banks accused in mortgage transactions. This clearly refers to financial institutions.

Sense 2 is "a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities" with synonyms like "depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company" and examples like "he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home".

The context mentions "18 major international banks" and "Deutsche Bank" in the context of financial crisis, mortgage transactions, and compensation claims. This fits sense 2.

Sense 9 is "a building in which the business of banking transacted" which is about the physical building, not the institution. The context refers to the institutions themselves, not the buildings.

So the best sense is sense 2.

provider: CoreWeave


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dollar
Target surface form: dollars
Context:
This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims. It accuses 18 major international banks of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion <t>dollars</t>. Deutsche Bank also faces legal action by the FHFA covering multiple transactions with a total value of 14.2 billion dollars from 2005 to 2007.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dollar%1:23:00:: | definition=the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents
2. sense_key=dollar%1:21:00:: | definition=a piece of paper money worth one dollar | synonyms=dollar bill, one dollar bill, buck, clam
3. sense_key=dollar%1:21:01:: | definition=a United States coin worth one dollar | examples=the dollar coin has never been popular in the United States
4. sense_key=dollar%1:10:00:: | definition=a symbol of commercialism or greed | synonyms=dollar mark, dollar sign | examples=he worships the almighty dollar; the dollar sign means little to him

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "dollars" used in the context of financial transactions valued at "200 billion dollars" and "14.2 billion dollars."

Sense 1: "the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents" - This is the general monetary unit sense.
Sense 2: "a piece of paper money worth one dollar" - This refers to a physical bill.
Sense 3: "a United States coin worth one dollar" - This refers to a physical coin.
Sense 4: "a symbol of commercialism or greed" - This is metaphorical.

In the context, "200 billion dollars" refers to the monetary unit/currency, not a physical piece of paper money or a coin. The text discusses mortgage transactions valued at a certain amount in US dollars. This is the basic monetary unit sense.

The answer is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: value
Target surface form: value
Context:
The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims. It accuses 18 major international banks of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion dollars. Deutsche Bank also faces legal action by the FHFA covering multiple transactions with a total <t>value</t> of 14.2 billion dollars from 2005 to 2007. The regulator is demanding that the Frankfurt-based bank take responsibility for "substantial losses," but has not yet specified the exact sum.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=value%1:09:00:: | definition=a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed | examples=the value assigned was 16 milliseconds
2. sense_key=value%1:07:00:: | definition=the quality (positive or negative) that renders something desirable or valuable | examples=the Shakespearean Shylock is of dubious value in the modern world
3. sense_key=value%1:21:00:: | definition=the amount (of money or goods or services) that is considered to be a fair equivalent for something else | synonyms=economic value | examples=he tried to estimate the value of the produce at normal prices
4. sense_key=value%1:07:01:: | definition=relative darkness or lightness of a color; -Joe Hing Lowe | examples=I establish the colors and principal values by organizing the painting into three values--dark, medium...and light
5. sense_key=value%1:28:00:: | definition=(music) the relative duration of a musical note | synonyms=time value, note value
6. sense_key=value%1:09:01:: | definition=an ideal accepted by some individual or group | examples=he has old-fashioned values

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about financial transactions with a "total value of 14.2 billion dollars".

Sense 1: "a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed" - example: "the value assigned was 16 milliseconds"
Sense 3: "the amount (of money or goods or services) that is considered to be a fair equivalent for something else" - synonyms: economic value - example: "he tried to estimate the value of the produce at normal prices"

The target word refers to the monetary worth of transactions. "total value of 14.2 billion dollars" clearly refers to the monetary amount/economic value.

Sense 3 is the best fit because it specifically relates to money and economic value, with examples involving estimating the value of produce at prices, which is very similar to the financial context here.

Sense 1 is more general about numerical quantities (like milliseconds).

I'll go with sense 3.

provider: Phala


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dollar
Target surface form: dollars
Context:
The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims. It accuses 18 major international banks of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion dollars. Deutsche Bank also faces legal action by the FHFA covering multiple transactions with a total value of 14.2 billion <t>dollars</t> from 2005 to 2007. The regulator is demanding that the Frankfurt-based bank take responsibility for "substantial losses," but has not yet specified the exact sum.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dollar%1:23:00:: | definition=the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents
2. sense_key=dollar%1:21:00:: | definition=a piece of paper money worth one dollar | synonyms=dollar bill, one dollar bill, buck, clam
3. sense_key=dollar%1:21:01:: | definition=a United States coin worth one dollar | examples=the dollar coin has never been popular in the United States
4. sense_key=dollar%1:10:00:: | definition=a symbol of commercialism or greed | synonyms=dollar mark, dollar sign | examples=he worships the almighty dollar; the dollar sign means little to him

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target is "dollars" referring to billions of dollars in financial transactions.
Sense 1 is "the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents".
Sense 2 is a piece of paper money worth one dollar.
Sense 3 is a United States coin worth one dollar.
Sense 4 is a symbol of commercialism or greed.

The context talks about "200 billion dollars" and "14.2 billion dollars" in mortgage transactions. This refers to the monetary unit, not a physical coin or paper money, nor a symbol of greed.
Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: regulator
Target surface form: regulator
Context:
The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims. It accuses 18 major international banks of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion dollars. Deutsche Bank also faces legal action by the FHFA covering multiple transactions with a total value of 14.2 billion dollars from 2005 to 2007. The <t>regulator</t> is demanding that the Frankfurt-based bank take responsibility for "substantial losses," but has not yet specified the exact sum. Deutsche Bank has rejected the claims as baseless and has declared its intention to fend off the claims.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=regulator%1:06:00:: | definition=any of various controls or devices for regulating or controlling fluid flow, pressure, temperature, etc.
2. sense_key=regulator%1:18:00:: | definition=an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest
3. sense_key=regulator%1:06:01:: | definition=a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine (as by controlling the supply of fuel) | synonyms=governor

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "regulator" in the context: "The regulator is demanding that the Frankfurt-based bank take responsibility for 'substantial losses,' but has not yet specified the exact sum."

The context talks about the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA), which is an official agency responsible for control and supervision. It's bringing claims against banks for misconduct.

Sense 1: any of various controls or devices for regulating or controlling fluid flow, pressure, temperature, etc.
Sense 2: an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest
Sense 3: a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine (as by controlling the supply of fuel)

Sense 2 is clearly the best fit. The FHFA is an official body responsible for control and supervision of a particular area of public interest (housing finance).

The answer should be {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bank
Target surface form: bank
Context:
The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims. It accuses 18 major international banks of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion dollars. Deutsche Bank also faces legal action by the FHFA covering multiple transactions with a total value of 14.2 billion dollars from 2005 to 2007. The regulator is demanding that the Frankfurt-based <t>bank</t> take responsibility for "substantial losses," but has not yet specified the exact sum. Deutsche Bank has rejected the claims as baseless and has declared its intention to fend off the claims.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) | examples=they pulled the canoe up on the bank; he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile | examples=a huge bank of earth
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers | examples=he operated a bank of switches
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games | examples=he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force | synonyms=cant, camber
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home | synonyms=savings bank, coin bank, money box | examples=the coin bank was empty
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building | examples=the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning) | examples=the plane went into a steep bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target lemma is "bank" in the context: "The regulator is demanding that the Frankfurt-based <t>bank</t> take responsibility for 'substantial losses,' but has not yet specified the exact sum."

The context clearly refers to Deutsche Bank, a financial institution.
Looking at the candidate senses:
1. Sloping land - not relevant.
2. A financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities - matches perfectly.
3. A long ridge or pile - no.
4. An arrangement of similar objects - no.
5. A supply or stock held in reserve - no.
6. The funds held by a gambling house - no.
7. A slope in the turn of a road - no.
8. A container for keeping money at home - no.
9. A building in which the business of banking transacted - no, it refers to the institution itself (the Frankfurt-based bank).
10. A flight maneuver - no.

The text says "The Frankfurt-based bank", referring to Deutsche Bank, which is a financial institution.
Sense 2 matches best.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: responsibility
Target surface form: responsibility
Context:
The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims. It accuses 18 major international banks of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion dollars. Deutsche Bank also faces legal action by the FHFA covering multiple transactions with a total value of 14.2 billion dollars from 2005 to 2007. The regulator is demanding that the Frankfurt-based bank take <t>responsibility</t> for "substantial losses," but has not yet specified the exact sum. Deutsche Bank has rejected the claims as baseless and has declared its intention to fend off the claims.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=responsibility%1:04:00:: | definition=the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force; ; - John D.Rockefeller Jr | synonyms=duty, obligation | examples=we must instill a sense of duty in our children; every right implies a responsibility; every opportunity, an obligation; every possession, a duty
2. sense_key=responsibility%1:26:00:: | definition=the proper sphere or extent of your activities | synonyms=province | examples=it was his province to take care of himself
3. sense_key=responsibility%1:07:00:: | definition=a form of trustworthiness; the trait of being answerable to someone for something or being responsible for one's conduct | synonyms=responsibleness | examples=he holds a position of great responsibility

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about a regulator demanding that Deutsche Bank "take responsibility" for "substantial losses." This means the bank should be held accountable for the losses, i.e., answerable for them.

Sense 1: "the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force" - duty, obligation. This is about moral/social duty.

Sense 2: "the proper sphere or extent of your activities" - province. Not relevant.

Sense 3: "a form of trustworthiness; the trait of being answerable to someone for something or being responsible for one's conduct" - responsibleness. This is about being answerable/accountable for something.

"Take responsibility for substantial losses" means to be accountable for those losses, to answer for them. This aligns with sense 3 - being answerable to someone for something.

Sense 1 is about duty/obligation as a binding social force. While "take responsibility" could be seen as accepting an obligation, in this legal context, it's more about being answerable/accountable for the losses (sense 3).

Actually, let me reconsider. "Take responsibility for" often means to accept accountability for something. Sense 3 talks about "being answerable to someone for something or being responsible for one's conduct." This fits the legal context where the bank is being asked to be answerable for the losses.

I'll go with sense 3.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sum
Target surface form: sum
Context:
The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims. It accuses 18 major international banks of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion dollars. Deutsche Bank also faces legal action by the FHFA covering multiple transactions with a total value of 14.2 billion dollars from 2005 to 2007. The regulator is demanding that the Frankfurt-based bank take responsibility for "substantial losses," but has not yet specified the exact <t>sum</t>. Deutsche Bank has rejected the claims as baseless and has declared its intention to fend off the claims.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sum%1:21:00:: | definition=a quantity of money | synonyms=sum of money, amount, amount of money | examples=he borrowed a large sum; the amount he had in cash was insufficient
2. sense_key=sum%1:09:01:: | definition=a quantity obtained by the addition of a group of numbers | synonyms=amount, total
3. sense_key=sum%1:14:00:: | definition=the final aggregate | synonyms=summation, sum total | examples=the sum of all our troubles did not equal the misery they suffered
4. sense_key=sum%1:09:00:: | definition=the choicest or most essential or most vital part of some idea or experience | synonyms=kernel, substance, core, center, centre, essence | examples=the gist of the prosecutor's argument; the heart and soul of the Republican Party
5. sense_key=sum%1:06:00:: | definition=the whole amount | synonyms=total, totality, aggregate
6. sense_key=sum%1:14:01:: | definition=a set containing all and only the members of two or more given sets | synonyms=union, join | examples=let C be the union of the sets A and B

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "sum" in the context: "but has not yet specified the exact sum."
The context talks about compensation, claims, mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion dollars, and total value of 14.2 billion dollars. The regulator is demanding responsibility for "substantial losses," but has not yet specified the exact "sum".
"Sum" here refers to a quantity of money.
Candidate 1: definition=a quantity of money | synonyms=sum of money, amount, amount of money | examples=he borrowed a large sum; the amount he had in cash was insufficient.
Candidate 2: a quantity obtained by the addition of a group of numbers.
Candidate 3: the final aggregate.
Candidate 4: the choicest or most essential...
Candidate 5: the whole amount.
Candidate 6: union of sets.

"the exact sum" refers to the exact amount of money being claimed. So sense 1 fits perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: claim
Target surface form: claims
Context:
Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims. It accuses 18 major international banks of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion dollars. Deutsche Bank also faces legal action by the FHFA covering multiple transactions with a total value of 14.2 billion dollars from 2005 to 2007. The regulator is demanding that the Frankfurt-based bank take responsibility for "substantial losses," but has not yet specified the exact sum. Deutsche Bank has rejected the <t>claims</t> as baseless and has declared its intention to fend off the claims.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=claim%1:10:00:: | definition=an assertion of a right (as to money or property) | examples=his claim asked for damages
2. sense_key=claim%1:10:02:: | definition=an assertion that something is true or factual | examples=his claim that he was innocent; evidence contradicted the government's claims
3. sense_key=claim%1:04:00:: | definition=demand for something as rightful or due | examples=they struck in support of their claim for a shorter work day
4. sense_key=claim%1:07:02:: | definition=an informal right to something | synonyms=title | examples=his claim on her attentions; his title to fame
5. sense_key=claim%1:07:01:: | definition=an established or recognized right | synonyms=title | examples=a strong legal claim to the property; he had no documents confirming his title to his father's estate
6. sense_key=claim%1:10:01:: | definition=a demand especially in the phrase | synonyms=call | examples=the call of duty

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "claims" in the sentence: "Deutsche Bank has rejected the claims as baseless and has declared its intention to fend off the claims."

Context summary: Investors and regulators have brought claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. FHFA has been behind the largest wave of claims. It accuses banks... The regulator is demanding that the bank take responsibility for "substantial losses," but has not yet specified the exact sum. Deutsche Bank has rejected the claims as baseless...

Let's analyze the candidate senses:
1. claim%1:10:00:: | definition=an assertion of a right (as to money or property) | examples=his claim asked for damages
2. claim%1:10:02:: | definition=an assertion that something is true or factual | examples=his claim that he was innocent; evidence contradicted the government's claims
3. claim%1:04:00:: | demand for something as rightful or due | examples=they struck in support of their claim for a shorter work day
4. claim%1:07:02:: | an informal right to something | synonyms=title | examples=his claim on her attentions; his title to fame
5. claim%1:07:01:: | an established or recognized right | synonyms=title | examples=a strong legal claim to the property; he had no documents confirming his title to his father's estate
6. claim%1:10:01:: | a demand especially in the phrase | synonyms=call | examples=the call of duty

In the context, "claims" refers to legal claims for compensation/damages brought against banks for misconduct. "Deutsche Bank has rejected the claims as baseless".
The text says: "Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation... The regulator is demanding that the Frankfurt-based bank take responsibility for 'substantial losses,' but has not yet specified the exact sum."
This aligns perfectly with "an assertion of a right (as to money or property)" (sense 1) or "demand for something as rightful or due" (sense 3).
Sense 1 is a noun describing a legal assertion of a right to money. Example: "his claim asked for damages". Here, the claims ask for compensation, matching sense 1 perfectly.
Sense 3 is a demand, but usually used in labor strikes etc. Example: "claim for a shorter work day".

Also, "claims" in "brought a vast number of claims for compensation" is a legal claim, a demand for money.
WordNet:
Noun
S: (n) claim (an assertion of a right (as to money or property)) "his claim asked for damages"
S: (n) claim (an assertion that something is true or factual) "his claim that he was innocent"; "evidence contradicted the government's claims"
S: (n) claim (demand for something as rightful or due) "they struck in support of their claim for a shorter work day"

Sense 1 seems to be the best fit. The claims are legal claims for compensation.

Let's double-check.
"Deutsche Bank has rejected the claims as baseless"
Could it be "an assertion that something is true or factual"? The FHFA accuses banks of taking in US lenders... Deutsche Bank has rejected the claims as baseless. The claims refer to the accusations and demands for compensation. But since they are asking for compensation and are legal claims ("brought a vast number of claims for compensation"), sense 1 is more precise: "an assertion of a right (as to money or property)".

Wait, "rejected the claims as baseless" could also refer to the accusation that they took in lenders on bad mortgage transactions. But "brought a vast number of claims for compensation" and "his claim asked for damages" from sense 1 strongly point to sense 1.

Sense 1: "an assertion of a right (as to money or property)" - perfect match for "claims for compensation".
Sense 3: "demand for something as rightful or due" - doesn't fit as well as 1. Legal claims for compensation are assertions of a right to money.

Therefore, sense_index = 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: intention
Target surface form: intention
Context:
Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims. It accuses 18 major international banks of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion dollars. Deutsche Bank also faces legal action by the FHFA covering multiple transactions with a total value of 14.2 billion dollars from 2005 to 2007. The regulator is demanding that the Frankfurt-based bank take responsibility for "substantial losses," but has not yet specified the exact sum. Deutsche Bank has rejected the claims as baseless and has declared its <t>intention</t> to fend off the claims.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=intention%1:09:00:: | definition=an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions | synonyms=purpose, intent, aim, design | examples=his intent was to provide a new translation; good intentions are not enough
2. sense_key=intention%1:09:01:: | definition=(usually plural) the goal with respect to a marriage proposal | examples=his intentions are entirely honorable
3. sense_key=intention%1:04:00:: | definition=an act of intending; a volition that you intend to carry out | examples=my intention changed once I saw her

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "intention" in the context: "Deutsche Bank has rejected the claims as baseless and has declared its intention to fend off the claims."

Sense 1: an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions (purpose, intent, aim, design)
Sense 2: (usually plural) the goal with respect to a marriage proposal
Sense 3: an act of intending; a volition that you intend to carry out

The context is about Deutsche Bank declaring its intention to fend off the claims. This is about a planned action or purpose - they intend to fight the claims. This aligns with Sense 1, which refers to an anticipated outcome that guides planned actions. The synonyms (purpose, intent, aim, design) fit well here.

Sense 2 is about marriage proposals, which is clearly wrong.
Sense 3 is about an act of intending or volition, which is more abstract. The example "my intention changed once I saw her" suggests a personal volition that might change. Sense 1 fits better with "declared its intention to fend off the claims" - it's about their planned action/purpose.

The answer is Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: claim
Target surface form: claims
Context:
Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims. It accuses 18 major international banks of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion dollars. Deutsche Bank also faces legal action by the FHFA covering multiple transactions with a total value of 14.2 billion dollars from 2005 to 2007. The regulator is demanding that the Frankfurt-based bank take responsibility for "substantial losses," but has not yet specified the exact sum. Deutsche Bank has rejected the claims as baseless and has declared its intention to fend off the <t>claims</t>.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=claim%1:10:00:: | definition=an assertion of a right (as to money or property) | examples=his claim asked for damages
2. sense_key=claim%1:10:02:: | definition=an assertion that something is true or factual | examples=his claim that he was innocent; evidence contradicted the government's claims
3. sense_key=claim%1:04:00:: | definition=demand for something as rightful or due | examples=they struck in support of their claim for a shorter work day
4. sense_key=claim%1:07:02:: | definition=an informal right to something | synonyms=title | examples=his claim on her attentions; his title to fame
5. sense_key=claim%1:07:01:: | definition=an established or recognized right | synonyms=title | examples=a strong legal claim to the property; he had no documents confirming his title to his father's estate
6. sense_key=claim%1:10:01:: | definition=a demand especially in the phrase | synonyms=call | examples=the call of duty

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target lemma is "claim" (surface form: "claims").
Context: "Deutsche Bank has rejected the claims as baseless and has declared its intention to fend off the claims."
The broader context mentions: "Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct."
These are legal claims for compensation, demanding money or taking legal action to get damages.
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. an assertion of a right (as to money or property) - example: his claim asked for damages
2. an assertion that something is true or factual
3. demand for something as rightful or due
4. an informal right to something
5. an established or recognized right
6. a demand especially in the phrase

In the context, investors and regulators bring claims for compensation. Deutsche Bank rejects the claims as baseless.
"claim" as a legal demand for compensation/damages fits perfectly with sense 1 ("assertion of a right (as to money or property)", example "his claim asked for damages") or sense 3 ("demand for something as rightful or due", example "they struck in support of their claim for a shorter work day").
Wait, let's differentiate 1 and 3.
Sense 1: an assertion of a right (as to money or property) - examples: his claim asked for damages. Legal context, damages. This aligns perfectly with "claims for compensation" and Deutsche Bank rejecting the claims.
Sense 3: demand for something as rightful or due - examples: they struck in support of their claim for a shorter work day.
Sense 1 mentions "money or property" and "damages", which matches "compensation", "losses", "banks".

Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: document
Target surface form: document
Context:
This <t>document</t> is a summary of the European Public Assessment Report (EPAR). It explains how the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) assessed the studies performed, to reach their recommendations on how to use the medicine.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=document%1:10:00:: | definition=writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature) | synonyms=written document, papers
2. sense_key=document%1:06:00:: | definition=anything serving as a representation of a person's thinking by means of symbolic marks
3. sense_key=document%1:21:00:: | definition=a written account of ownership or obligation
4. sense_key=document%1:10:01:: | definition=(computer science) a computer file that contains text (and possibly formatting instructions) using seven-bit ASCII characters | synonyms=text file

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "document" in the context: "This document is a summary of the European Public Assessment Report (EPAR). It explains how the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) assessed the studies performed, to reach their recommendations on how to use the medicine."

Let's evaluate the candidate senses:
1. "writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)" - This fits well. The EPAR is an official document from a health committee.
2. "anything serving as a representation of a person's thinking by means of symbolic marks" - Too broad.
3. "a written account of ownership or obligation" - Doesn't fit. It's not about ownership or obligation.
4. "(computer science) a computer file that contains text..." - Too specific to computer science.

The best sense is 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: public
Target surface form: Public
Context:
This document is a summary of the European <t>Public</t> Assessment Report (EPAR). It explains how the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) assessed the studies performed, to reach their recommendations on how to use the medicine.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=public%3:00:00:: | definition=not private; open to or concerning the people as a whole | examples=the public good; public libraries
2. sense_key=public%5:00:00:common:02 | definition=affecting the people or community as a whole | examples=community leaders; community interests

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is "European Public Assessment Report (EPAR)". Here "Public" means "not private; open to or concerning the people as a whole". It's a public report, as opposed to a private/internal one. Sense 1 fits best: "not private; open to or concerning the people as a whole" with examples like "the public good; public libraries". Sense 2 is more about "affecting the people or community as a whole" like "community leaders; community interests" - this is more about impact on community rather than openness.

"Public Assessment Report" - the report is public (available to everyone), not private. So sense 1 is the best.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: assessment
Target surface form: Assessment
Context:
This document is a summary of the European Public <t>Assessment</t> Report (EPAR). It explains how the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) assessed the studies performed, to reach their recommendations on how to use the medicine.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=assessment%1:09:00:: | definition=the classification of someone or something with respect to its worth | synonyms=appraisal
2. sense_key=assessment%1:21:00:: | definition=an amount determined as payable | examples=the assessment for repairs outraged the club's membership
3. sense_key=assessment%1:07:00:: | definition=the market value set on assets
4. sense_key=assessment%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of judging or assessing a person or situation or event | synonyms=judgment, judgement | examples=they criticized my judgment of the contestants

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about a European Public Assessment Report (EPAR), explaining how a committee assessed studies to reach recommendations. This is about the act of judging or evaluating something (the studies), which aligns with sense 4: "the act of judging or assessing a person or situation or event."

Sense 1 is about classification with respect to worth (appraisal), which is close but more about valuation.
Sense 4 is about the act of judging or assessing a situation or event, which fits the process of assessing studies.

The target word here is "Assessment" as in "Assessment Report" - it's a report about the assessment (the act of evaluating/judging the studies). Sense 4 seems best.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: report
Target surface form: Report
Context:
This document is a summary of the European Public Assessment <t>Report</t> (EPAR). It explains how the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) assessed the studies performed, to reach their recommendations on how to use the medicine.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=report%1:10:03:: | definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | synonyms=study, written report | examples=this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
2. sense_key=report%1:10:01:: | definition=the act of informing by verbal report | synonyms=account | examples=he heard reports that they were causing trouble; by all accounts they were a happy couple
3. sense_key=report%1:10:00:: | definition=a short account of the news | synonyms=news report, story, account, write up | examples=the report of his speech; the story was on the 11 o'clock news
4. sense_key=report%1:11:00:: | definition=a sharp explosive sound (especially the sound of a gun firing) | examples=they heard a violent report followed by silence
5. sense_key=report%1:10:04:: | definition=a written evaluation of a student's scholarship and deportment | synonyms=report card | examples=his father signed his report card
6. sense_key=report%1:10:02:: | definition=an essay (especially one written as an assignment) | synonyms=composition, paper, theme | examples=he got an A on his composition
7. sense_key=report%1:09:00:: | definition=the general estimation that the public has for a person | synonyms=reputation | examples=he acquired a reputation as an actor before he started writing; he was a person of bad report

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "Report" in the context of "European Public Assessment Report (EPAR)".
The context describes a document that summarizes an assessment. "This document is a summary of the European Public Assessment Report (EPAR)."
Candidate senses:
1. report%1:10:03:: | definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | synonyms=study, written report
2. report%1:10:01:: | definition=the act of informing by verbal report
3. report%1:10:00:: | definition=a short account of the news
4. report%1:11:00:: | definition=a sharp explosive sound
5. report%1:10:04:: | definition=a written evaluation of a student's scholarship and deportment
6. report%1:10:02:: | definition=an essay (especially one written as an assignment)
7. report%1:09:00:: | definition=the general estimation that the public has for a person

Sense 1 perfectly fits: "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group". The EPAR is an assessment report.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: explain
Target surface form: explains
Context:
This document is a summary of the European Public Assessment Report (EPAR). It <t>explains</t> how the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) assessed the studies performed, to reach their recommendations on how to use the medicine. If you need more information about your medical condition or your treatment, read the Package Leaflet (also part of the EPAR) or contact your doctor or pharmacist.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=explain%2:32:00:: | definition=make plain and comprehensible | synonyms=explicate | examples=He explained the laws of physics to his students
2. sense_key=explain%2:32:01:: | definition=define | examples=The committee explained their plan for fund-raising to the Dean
3. sense_key=explain%2:32:02:: | definition=serve as a reason or cause or justification of | synonyms=excuse | examples=Your need to sleep late does not excuse your late arrival at work; Her recent divorce may explain her reluctance to date again

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "explains" in the context: "It explains how the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) assessed the studies performed, to reach their recommendations on how to use the medicine."

The document explains (makes plain and comprehensible) how the committee assessed the studies. This matches sense 1: "make plain and comprehensible".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: committee
Target surface form: Committee
Context:
This document is a summary of the European Public Assessment Report (EPAR). It explains how the <t>Committee</t> for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) assessed the studies performed, to reach their recommendations on how to use the medicine. If you need more information about your medical condition or your treatment, read the Package Leaflet (also part of the EPAR) or contact your doctor or pharmacist.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=committee%1:14:00:: | definition=a special group delegated to consider some matter;  - Milton Berle | synonyms=commission | examples=a committee is a group that keeps minutes and loses hours
2. sense_key=committee%1:14:01:: | definition=a self-constituted organization to promote something | synonyms=citizens committee

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context is about the "Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP)", which is a special group delegated to consider matters related to medicinal products. This fits the first sense: "a special group delegated to consider some matter". It's not a self-constituted organization to promote something.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: product
Target surface form: Products
Context:
This document is a summary of the European Public Assessment Report (EPAR). It explains how the Committee for Medicinal <t>Products</t> for Human Use (CHMP) assessed the studies performed, to reach their recommendations on how to use the medicine. If you need more information about your medical condition or your treatment, read the Package Leaflet (also part of the EPAR) or contact your doctor or pharmacist.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=product%1:06:01:: | definition=commodities offered for sale | synonyms=merchandise, ware | examples=good business depends on having good merchandise; that store offers a variety of products
2. sense_key=product%1:06:00:: | definition=an artifact that has been created by someone or some process | synonyms=production | examples=they improve their product every year; they export most of their agricultural production
3. sense_key=product%1:09:00:: | definition=a quantity obtained by multiplication | synonyms=mathematical product | examples=the product of 2 and 3 is 6
4. sense_key=product%1:27:00:: | definition=a chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction | examples=a product of lime and nitric acid
5. sense_key=product%1:19:00:: | definition=a consequence of someone's efforts or of a particular set of circumstances | examples=skill is the product of hours of practice; his reaction was the product of hunger and fatigue
6. sense_key=product%1:14:00:: | definition=the set of elements common to two or more sets | synonyms=intersection, Cartesian product | examples=the set of red hats is the intersection of the set of hats and the set of red things

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is "Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP)". Here "Products" refers to medicinal products, which are commodities or articles offered for sale/use. Sense 1 (commodities offered for sale) or sense 2 (an artifact that has been created by someone or some process) could fit. "Medicinal Products" are pharmaceutical products created through a process. However, in the regulatory context of EMA (European Medicines Agency), "medicinal products" are essentially goods/commodities (medicines) that are approved for market. Sense 2 is about an artifact created by some process - medicines are manufactured. Sense 1 is about commodities offered for sale. Medicinal products are indeed commodities offered for sale. But they're also manufactured artifacts.

Looking at examples: "that store offers a variety of products" for sense 1. "they export most of their agricultural production" for sense 2.

Medicinal products are regulated medical goods/commodities. The CHMP assesses them for human use. This fits "commodities offered for sale" - they're products to be marketed. But also "an artifact that has been created by someone or some process" - medicines are produced through pharmaceutical manufacturing.

Actually, in regulatory language, "medicinal product" is a specific term referring to a pharmaceutical preparation. I think sense 2 (artifact created by a process) fits better because medicines are manufactured products. But sense 1 could also work.

Hmm, let me think again. The phrase is "Medicinal Products for Human Use" - this is about medicines that are assessed for approval to be placed on the market. They're commodities/goods. Sense 1 mentions "commodities offered for sale" which fits the market authorization context.

Actually, I think sense 2 is more general - "an artifact that has been created by someone or some process." Medicinal products are created through pharmaceutical manufacturing processes. The sense 1 emphasizes "offered for sale" which is more about retail.

But in the EMA context, these products are being assessed for marketing authorization - i.e., for sale. So sense 1 might be more appropriate.

Let me reconsider. The WordNet sense 1 is "commodities offered for sale" with synonyms merchandise, ware. Sense 2 is "an artifact that has been created by someone or some process" with synonym production.

"Medicinal products" in this regulatory context refers to pharmaceutical preparations that have been manufactured. They are products of a manufacturing process. I think sense 2 fits better as it's about created artifacts, not specifically about being offered for sale.

Actually, I'll go with sense 2 - the artifacts created through pharmaceutical manufacturing processes.

Wait, but the context is about the EPAR and CHMP assessing studies to reach recommendations on how to use the medicine. The "Products" here is part of the committee name "Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use." These are pharmaceutical products - artifacts created by pharmaceutical processes. Sense 2 fits.

I'll go with sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: human
Target surface form: Human
Context:
This document is a summary of the European Public Assessment Report (EPAR). It explains how the Committee for Medicinal Products for <t>Human</t> Use (CHMP) assessed the studies performed, to reach their recommendations on how to use the medicine. If you need more information about your medical condition or your treatment, read the Package Leaflet (also part of the EPAR) or contact your doctor or pharmacist.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=human%3:01:00:: | definition=characteristic of humanity | examples=human nature
2. sense_key=human%3:01:01:: | definition=relating to a person | examples=the experiment was conducted on 6 monkeys and 2 human subjects
3. sense_key=human%3:00:00:: | definition=having human form or attributes as opposed to those of animals or divine beings | examples=human beings; the human body

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target is "Human" in the phrase "Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use".
Here, "Human" means relating to people/persons, as opposed to veterinary products (for animals).
Let's look at the senses:
1. characteristic of humanity (human nature)
2. relating to a person (the experiment was conducted on 6 monkeys and 2 human subjects)
3. having human form or attributes as opposed to those of animals or divine beings (human beings; the human body)

Sense 2: "relating to a person" - "Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use" - this means medicinal products for use by people/humans.
Wait, "Human Use" means use by humans (people).
Is it sense 2 or 3?
Sense 2: relating to a person. "human subjects"
Sense 3: having human form or attributes... "human beings"
Actually, "Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use" uses "Human" to mean relating to people. Or is it "human beings"? Sense 2 says "relating to a person", which fits "Human Use" (use by persons). Sense 3 is more about the biological entity. Let's consider the typical WordNet sense for "human" as an adjective.
WordNet 3.1:
human%3:01:01:: relating to a person
human%3:00:00:: having human form or attributes as opposed to those of animals or divine beings
Often, "human use" is classified under "relating to a person" because it's about human patients. But could it be 3? "human use" vs "veterinary use". This implies "humans" as opposed to "animals". "having human form or attributes as opposed to those of animals".
Actually, "human" as an adjective in "human use" means for people.
Sense 2 fits "relating to a person". The examples: "the experiment was conducted on 6 monkeys and 2 human subjects"
Let's think about Sense 3: having human form or attributes as opposed to those of animals or divine beings. "human beings; the human body".
If it is medicinal products for human use, it's for human beings (as opposed to animals). Wait, Sense 2: "relating to a person". Sense 3: "having human form...". "human use" does not refer to "human form".
In WordNet, "human" as adjective:
S: (adj) human (characteristic of humanity) "human nature"
S: (adj) human (relating to a person) "the experiment was conducted on 6 monkeys and 2 human subjects"
S: (adj) human (having human form or attributes as opposed to those of animals or divine beings) "human beings"; "the human body"; "human kindness"

If "Human Use" means use for humans, does it fit Sense 2 or 3?
Sense 2 example has "human subjects" which means "human" modifying a noun referring to people involved in a trial. "human subjects" means subjects who are human.
"Human Use" means use by humans.
I will bet on Sense 2: relating to a person. Wait. "Human Use" means use by humans. Humans are people.
Wait, the phrase "Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use" -> human use. Is it relating to a person?
Let's consider "human" in "human subjects" (Sense 2) vs "human beings" (Sense 3).
Actually, maybe Sense 3? "Human Use" implies use by human beings (as opposed to animals, since veterinary use is for animals). But Sense 2 says "relating to a person".
Let's check the exact wording of WordNet for Sense 2: "relating to a person". If it relates to a person, "human use" -> relating to a person's use?
Let's check Sense 3: "having human form or attributes as opposed to those of animals or divine beings". "human beings", "the human body", "human kindness".
Usually, when distinguishing human medicine from veterinary medicine, "human" means "pertaining to humans" or "relating to persons".
If I choose Sense 2, "relating to a person" is a very good fit for "Human Use" (medicine for persons).
Let's search for "Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use". "Human" is an adjective here.
Sense 2: "relating to a person". "the experiment was conducted on 6 monkeys and 2 human subjects" -> human subjects = subjects that are human.
In "human subjects", "human" means belonging to the species Homo sapiens. Is that Sense 3? "having human form...". Wait, "human subjects" is the example for Sense 2.
Why is "human subjects" in Sense 2 and not Sense 3? Maybe Sense 2 covers "human Noun" meaning "human-being Noun".
In "human use", "use" is not a human entity. It's an activity. So "human use" = use by humans. This fits "relating to a person" (Sense 2).
I will choose Sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: use
Target surface form: Use
Context:
This document is a summary of the European Public Assessment Report (EPAR). It explains how the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human <t>Use</t> (CHMP) assessed the studies performed, to reach their recommendations on how to use the medicine. If you need more information about your medical condition or your treatment, read the Package Leaflet (also part of the EPAR) or contact your doctor or pharmacist.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=use%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of using | synonyms=usage, utilization, utilisation, employment, exercise | examples=he warned against the use of narcotic drugs; skilled in the utilization of computers
2. sense_key=use%1:07:00:: | definition=what something is used for | synonyms=function, purpose, role | examples=the function of an auger is to bore holes; ballet is beautiful but what use is it?
3. sense_key=use%1:07:02:: | definition=a particular service | examples=he put his knowledge to good use; patrons have their uses
4. sense_key=use%1:22:00:: | definition=(economics) the utilization of economic goods to satisfy needs or in manufacturing | synonyms=consumption, economic consumption, usance, use of goods and services | examples=the consumption of energy has increased steadily
5. sense_key=use%1:04:01:: | definition=(psychology) an automatic pattern of behavior in reaction to a specific situation; may be inherited or acquired through frequent repetition | synonyms=habit | examples=owls have nocturnal habits; she had a habit twirling the ends of her hair
6. sense_key=use%1:04:02:: | definition=exerting shrewd or devious influence especially for one's own advantage | synonyms=manipulation | examples=his manipulation of his friends was scandalous
7. sense_key=use%1:07:03:: | definition=(law) the exercise of the legal right to enjoy the benefits of owning property | synonyms=enjoyment | examples=we were given the use of his boat

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target is "Use" in "Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP)".
Here, "Use" refers to what something is used for, or rather, a committee related to the "use" of medicinal products for humans.
Wait, "Human Use" could mean "the act of using" (1) or "what something is used for" (2).
Actually, "Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use" implies the utilization/usage of medicinal products by humans. "Human use" = usage by humans.
Let's look at sense 1: "the act of using" (usage, utilization).
Let's look at sense 2: "what something is used for" (function, purpose).
Let's look at sense 3: "a particular service".
In "Human Use", it refers to the act of using (utilization) or the purpose.
"Products for Human Use" = products intended to be used by humans. The use here is "usage" or "utilization". For example, "drug use" is sense 1.
"He warned against the use of narcotic drugs" -> "use" is sense 1.
"Human Use" is the utilization of medicinal products by humans.
Therefore, sense 1 seems to fit best.

Let's check the options:
1. the act of using | synonyms=usage, utilization, utilisation, employment, exercise | examples=he warned against the use of narcotic drugs...
2. what something is used for | synonyms=function, purpose, role | examples=the function of an auger is to bore holes; ballet is beautiful but what use is it?
3. a particular service
4. (economics) the utilization of economic goods...
5. (psychology) an automatic pattern...
6. exerting shrewd or devious influence...
7. (law) the exercise of the legal right...

"Human Use" matches the act of using (utilization). Sense 1 fits perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: assess
Target surface form: assessed
Context:
This document is a summary of the European Public Assessment Report (EPAR). It explains how the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) <t>assessed</t> the studies performed, to reach their recommendations on how to use the medicine. If you need more information about your medical condition or your treatment, read the Package Leaflet (also part of the EPAR) or contact your doctor or pharmacist.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=assess%2:31:00:: | definition=evaluate or estimate the nature, quality, ability, extent, or significance of | synonyms=measure, evaluate, valuate, appraise, value | examples=I will have the family jewels appraised by a professional; access all the factors when taking a risk
2. sense_key=assess%2:40:01:: | definition=charge (a person or a property) with a payment, such as a tax or a fine
3. sense_key=assess%2:40:00:: | definition=set or determine the amount of (a payment such as a fine) | synonyms=tax
4. sense_key=assess%2:31:01:: | definition=estimate the value of (property) for taxation | examples=Our house hasn't been assessed in years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about a committee assessing studies to reach recommendations about how to use a medicine. This is about evaluating the nature, quality, and significance of the studies performed.

Sense 1: "evaluate or estimate the nature, quality, ability, extent, or significance of" - This fits perfectly. The CHMP evaluated the studies.

Sense 2: "charge (a person or a property) with a payment" - Not relevant.
Sense 3: "set or determine the amount of (a payment)" - Not relevant.
Sense 4: "estimate the value of (property) for taxation" - Not relevant.

The answer is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: study
Target surface form: studies
Context:
This document is a summary of the European Public Assessment Report (EPAR). It explains how the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) assessed the <t>studies</t> performed, to reach their recommendations on how to use the medicine. If you need more information about your medical condition or your treatment, read the Package Leaflet (also part of the EPAR) or contact your doctor or pharmacist.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=study%1:04:00:: | definition=a detailed critical inspection | synonyms=survey
2. sense_key=study%1:09:03:: | definition=applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading) | synonyms=work | examples=mastering a second language requires a lot of work; no schools offer graduate study in interior design
3. sense_key=study%1:10:00:: | definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | synonyms=report, written report | examples=this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
4. sense_key=study%1:09:04:: | definition=a state of deep mental absorption | examples=she is in a deep study
5. sense_key=study%1:06:00:: | definition=a room used for reading and writing and studying | examples=he knocked lightly on the closed door of the study
6. sense_key=study%1:09:02:: | definition=a branch of knowledge | synonyms=discipline, subject, subject area, subject field, field, field of study | examples=in what discipline is his doctorate?; teachers should be well trained in their subject
7. sense_key=study%1:06:01:: | definition=preliminary drawing for later elaboration | synonyms=sketch | examples=he made several studies before starting to paint
8. sense_key=study%1:09:01:: | definition=attentive consideration and meditation | synonyms=cogitation | examples=after much cogitation he rejected the offer
9. sense_key=study%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who memorizes quickly and easily (as the lines for a part in a play) | examples=he is a quick study
10. sense_key=study%1:10:01:: | definition=a composition intended to develop one aspect of the performer's technique | examples=a study in spiccato bowing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about a European Public Assessment Report (EPAR) explaining how CHMP assessed the "studies" performed to reach recommendations on how to use a medicine.

In this medical/regulatory context, "studies" refers to clinical studies or research studies - written documents describing findings of some individual or group. This aligns with sense 3: "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group" with synonyms "report, written report" and example "this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale."

The studies performed for a medicine assessment would be research studies/reports documenting the findings of clinical trials.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: perform
Target surface form: performed
Context:
This document is a summary of the European Public Assessment Report (EPAR). It explains how the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) assessed the studies <t>performed</t>, to reach their recommendations on how to use the medicine. If you need more information about your medical condition or your treatment, read the Package Leaflet (also part of the EPAR) or contact your doctor or pharmacist.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=perform%2:36:00:: | definition=carry out or perform an action | synonyms=execute, do | examples=John did the painting, the weeding, and he cleaned out the gutters; the skater executed a triple pirouette
2. sense_key=perform%2:41:02:: | definition=perform a function | examples=Who will perform the wedding?
3. sense_key=perform%2:36:01:: | definition=give a performance (of something) | examples=Horowitz is performing at Carnegie Hall tonight; We performed a popular Gilbert and Sullivan opera
4. sense_key=perform%2:41:00:: | definition=get (something) done | synonyms=do | examples=I did my job

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "performed" in the context: "the studies performed".
It means "carry out or perform an action", referring to carrying out studies.
Sense 1: carry out or perform an action (execute, do).
Sense 2: perform a function.
Sense 3: give a performance.
Sense 4: get (something) done (do).

"studies performed" -> "studies carried out" or "studies executed". This aligns with sense 1.
Sense 4 is "get (something) done", like "I did my job", which focuses on completing a task. Sense 1 is "carry out or perform an action", examples: "John did the painting...". "the studies performed" matches "carry out an action" perfectly.

Let's double check.
Sense 1: carry out or perform an action.
Sense 4: get (something) done.
"performed" in "studies performed" is a past participle modifying studies, meaning the studies that were carried out. Sense 1 is the most direct fit for "carry out" an action like studies.

Let's select 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: reach
Target surface form: reach
Context:
This document is a summary of the European Public Assessment Report (EPAR). It explains how the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) assessed the studies performed, to <t>reach</t> their recommendations on how to use the medicine. If you need more information about your medical condition or your treatment, read the Package Leaflet (also part of the EPAR) or contact your doctor or pharmacist.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=reach%2:38:01:: | definition=reach a destination, either real or abstract | synonyms=make, attain, hit, arrive at, gain | examples=We hit Detroit by noon; The water reached the doorstep
2. sense_key=reach%2:38:00:: | definition=reach a point in time, or a certain state or level | synonyms=hit, attain | examples=The thermometer hit 100 degrees; This car can reach a speed of 140 miles per hour
3. sense_key=reach%2:35:00:: | definition=move forward or upward in order to touch; also in a metaphorical sense | synonyms=reach out | examples=Government reaches out to the people
4. sense_key=reach%2:32:00:: | definition=be in or establish communication with | synonyms=get through, get hold of, contact | examples=Our advertisements reach millions; He never contacted his children after he emigrated to Australia
5. sense_key=reach%2:41:00:: | definition=to gain with effort | synonyms=achieve, accomplish, attain | examples=she achieved her goal despite setbacks
6. sense_key=reach%2:42:00:: | definition=to extend as far as | synonyms=extend to, touch | examples=The sunlight reached the wall; Can he reach?
7. sense_key=reach%2:38:06:: | definition=reach a goal, e.g., | synonyms=make, get to, progress to | examples=make the first team; We made it!
8. sense_key=reach%2:40:00:: | definition=place into the hands or custody of | synonyms=pass, hand, pass on, turn over, give | examples=hand me the spoon, please; Turn the files over to me, please
9. sense_key=reach%2:33:00:: | definition=to exert much effort or energy | synonyms=strive, strain | examples=straining our ears to hear

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is: "...assessed the studies performed, to reach their recommendations on how to use the medicine."

Here, "reach their recommendations" means to come to or achieve a decision/recommendation.
Looking at the senses:
1. reach a destination, either real or abstract
2. reach a point in time, or a certain state or level
5. to gain with effort (achieve, accomplish, attain) - "she achieved her goal despite setbacks"
7. reach a goal

"reach their recommendations" - they are arriving at a conclusion or decision. This is closer to attaining/achieving a goal or outcome. Let's look at sense 5: "to gain with effort | synonyms=achieve, accomplish, attain | examples=she achieved her goal despite setbacks". And sense 1: "reach a destination, either real or abstract | examples=We hit Detroit by noon; The water reached the doorstep".
Sense 5 or 7? Sense 5: "to gain with effort" (achieve, accomplish, attain). "Reach a decision" or "reach a recommendation" means to come to a decision after consideration, which aligns with achieving or attaining an abstract goal.
Wait, "reach a decision" is often mapped to sense 1 or 2 or 5? Let's check WordNet for "reach".
Sense 1: reach, make, attain, hit, arrive at, gain -- reach a destination, either real or abstract; "We hit Detroit by noon"; "The water reached the doorstep"; "We hit Detroit by noon"; "Can he reach?" (wait, the prompt says: examples=We hit Detroit by noon; The water reached the doorstep)
Sense 2: reach, hit, attain -- reach a point in time, or a certain state or level; "The thermometer hit 100 degrees"; "This car can reach a speed of 140 miles per hour"
Sense 3: reach, reach out -- move forward or upward in order to touch; also in a metaphorical sense; "Government reaches out to the people"
Sense 4: reach, get through, get hold of, contact -- be in or establish communication with; "our advertisements reach millions"; "he never contacted his children after he emigrated to Australia"
Sense 5: reach, achieve, accomplish, attain -- to gain with effort; "she achieved her goal despite setbacks"
Sense 7: reach, make, get to, progress to -- reach a goal, e.g., "make the first team"; "We made it!"

Is "reach a recommendation" closer to reaching a goal (sense 7) or gaining with effort (sense 5) or arriving at an abstract destination (sense 1)? "Reach a decision" is usually sense 1 in WordNet? Let's think. WordNet 3.0:
reach%2:38:01:: "reach a destination, either real or abstract" ("We hit Detroit by noon"; "The water reached the doorstep") - note that "arrive at" is a synonym.
reach%2:38:06:: "reach a goal, e.g.," ("make the first team"; "We made it!")
reach%2:42:00:: "to extend as far as"
reach%2:41:00:: "to gain with effort"

"reach their recommendations" = "arrive at their recommendations" or "achieve their recommendations"?
Usually, one "reaches a decision" or "reaches a conclusion" (arrive at). The synonyms for sense 1 include "arrive at, gain". The definition says "reach a destination, either real or abstract". A recommendation can be seen as an abstract destination.
But wait, sense 5 "to gain with effort | achieve, accomplish, attain". Is there a "reach a decision" in WordNet? In WordNet, "reach" has:
- reach, make, attain, hit, arrive at, gain (reach a destination...)
- reach, hit, attain (reach a point in time...)
- reach, achieve, accomplish, attain (to gain with effort)
- reach, make, get to, progress to (reach a goal, e.g.,)

Actually, "reach a decision" or "reach a conclusion" is covered by the first sense in many WSD datasets, where "decision" or "conclusion" is an abstract destination. Let's check the definitions again.
"reach a destination, either real or abstract" - abstract destination fits "recommendation". The synonyms are "arrive at, gain". "Arrive at their recommendations" fits perfectly.
Is it sense 5? "to gain with effort". Examples: "she achieved her goal despite setbacks". Recommendations aren't really "achieved with effort" in this phrasing; they are arrived at.
Sense 7: "reach a goal". "We made it!". Not quite fitting "reach their recommendations".
Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit. Abstract destination.

Let's double check.
1. sense_key=reach%2:38:01:: | definition=reach a destination, either real or abstract | synonyms=make, attain, hit, arrive at, gain | examples=We hit Detroit by noon; The water reached the doorstep
This aligns with "arrive at a recommendation". "Arrive at" is a synonym, and "arrive at a decision/conclusion/recommendation" is a standard collocation. The definition mentions "abstract" destination, which fits perfectly.

Let's choose 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: recommendation
Target surface form: recommendations
Context:
This document is a summary of the European Public Assessment Report (EPAR). It explains how the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) assessed the studies performed, to reach their <t>recommendations</t> on how to use the medicine. If you need more information about your medical condition or your treatment, read the Package Leaflet (also part of the EPAR) or contact your doctor or pharmacist.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=recommendation%1:10:00:: | definition=something (as a course of action) that is recommended as advisable
2. sense_key=recommendation%1:10:02:: | definition=something that recommends (or expresses commendation of) a person or thing as worthy or desirable | synonyms=testimonial, good word
3. sense_key=recommendation%1:07:00:: | definition=any quality or characteristic that gains a person a favorable reception or acceptance or admission | synonyms=passport | examples=her pleasant personality is already a recommendation; his wealth was not a passport into the exclusive circles of society

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "recommendations" in the context: "to reach their recommendations on how to use the medicine."

Sense 1: something (as a course of action) that is recommended as advisable
Sense 2: something that recommends (or expresses commendation of) a person or thing as worthy or desirable
Sense 3: any quality or characteristic that gains a person a favorable reception or acceptance or admission

The context is about CHMP reaching their "recommendations on how to use the medicine." This is about a course of action being recommended as advisable - i.e., how to use the medicine. This fits Sense 1 perfectly.

Sense 2 is about expressing commendation of a person or thing as worthy (like a testimonial).
Sense 3 is about a quality that gains favorable reception.

The answer is Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: use
Target surface form: use
Context:
This document is a summary of the European Public Assessment Report (EPAR). It explains how the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) assessed the studies performed, to reach their recommendations on how to <t>use</t> the medicine. If you need more information about your medical condition or your treatment, read the Package Leaflet (also part of the EPAR) or contact your doctor or pharmacist.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=use%2:34:01:: | definition=put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose | synonyms=utilize, utilise, apply, employ | examples=use your head!; we only use Spanish at home
2. sense_key=use%2:34:02:: | definition=take or consume (regularly or habitually) | synonyms=habituate | examples=She uses drugs rarely
3. sense_key=use%2:34:00:: | definition=use up, consume fully | synonyms=expend | examples=The legislature expended its time on school questions
4. sense_key=use%2:41:14:: | definition=seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage | examples=She uses her influential friends to get jobs; The president's wife used her good connections
5. sense_key=use%2:41:04:: | definition=avail oneself to | synonyms=practice, apply | examples=apply a principle; practice a religion
6. sense_key=use%2:41:03:: | definition=habitually do something (use only in the past tense) | examples=She used to call her mother every week but now she calls only occasionally; I used to get sick when I ate in that dining hall

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "use" in the context: "how to use the medicine".
This refers to putting the medicine into service, employing it for its intended purpose (treatment).
Sense 1: "put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose". This fits perfectly with "how to use the medicine".
Sense 2: "take or consume (regularly or habitually)". While medicine is consumed, the context is about how to use the medicine (e.g., apply, take, administer), which aligns more with "put into service".
Sense 4: "seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage". Doesn't fit.
Sense 5: "avail oneself to". Doesn't fit as well as sense 1.

Let's double check.
"...recommendations on how to use the medicine."
Sense 1 synonyms: utilize, utilise, apply, employ. "employ the medicine" / "apply the medicine".
Sense 2 synonyms: habituate. "habituate the medicine" - no.

Therefore, sense 1 is the best.