[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: local
Target surface form: local
Context:
Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to <t>local</t> benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=local%3:00:01:: | definition=relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area | examples=local taxes; local authorities
2. sense_key=local%3:01:01:: | definition=of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood | examples=local customs; local schools
3. sense_key=local%3:00:02:: | definition=affecting only a restricted part or area of the body | examples=local anesthesia

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "local" in the phrase "local benefit-seeking".
Context: "legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking"
Here, "local" contrasts with "national". "National policy making" vs "local benefit-seeking".
"Local" here refers to a specific district or area rather than a larger area (the nation).
Sense 1: "relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area" - examples: local taxes; local authorities.
Sense 2: "of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood" - examples: local customs; local schools.
Sense 3: "affecting only a restricted part or area of the body" - examples: local anesthesia. (Definitely not this).

Between 1 and 2:
The text discusses "local benefits to the voter's particular district/state" and contrasts "national policy making" with "local benefit-seeking".
"local taxes", "local authorities" matches the political/geographical distinction between district/state and national.
The definition for sense 1 explicitly says "concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area". This perfectly captures the district vs. national contrast.
So sense 1 is the best fit.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: have
Target surface form: have
Context:
Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking <t>have</t> lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=have%2:40:00:: | definition=have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense | synonyms=have got, hold | examples=She has $1,000 in the bank; He has got two beautiful daughters
2. sense_key=have%2:42:00:: | definition=have as a feature | synonyms=feature | examples=This restaurant features the most famous chefs in France
3. sense_key=have%2:39:06:: | definition=go through (mental or physical states or experiences) | synonyms=experience, receive, get | examples=get an idea; experience vertigo
4. sense_key=have%2:40:04:: | definition=have ownership or possession of | synonyms=own, possess | examples=He owns three houses in Florida; How many cars does she have?
5. sense_key=have%2:30:00:: | definition=cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition | synonyms=get, let | examples=He got his squad on the ball; This let me in for a big surprise
6. sense_key=have%2:34:00:: | definition=serve oneself to, or consume regularly | synonyms=consume, ingest, take in, take | examples=Have another bowl of chicken soup!; I don't take sugar in my coffee
7. sense_key=have%2:41:00:: | definition=have a personal or business relationship with someone | examples=have a postdoc; have an assistant
8. sense_key=have%2:36:00:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, make, give | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
9. sense_key=have%2:40:01:: | definition=have left | examples=I have two years left; I don't have any money left
10. sense_key=have%2:42:12:: | definition=be confronted with | examples=What do we have here?; Now we have a fine mess
11. sense_key=have%2:30:01:: | definition=undergo | synonyms=experience | examples=The stocks had a fast run-up
12. sense_key=have%2:29:02:: | definition=suffer from; be ill with | examples=She has arthritis
13. sense_key=have%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, get, make | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
14. sense_key=have%2:40:05:: | definition=receive willingly something given or offered | synonyms=accept, take | examples=The only girl who would have him was the miller's daughter; I won't have this dog in my house!
15. sense_key=have%2:40:03:: | definition=get something; come into possession of | synonyms=receive | examples=receive payment; receive a gift
16. sense_key=have%2:29:05:: | definition=undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | synonyms=suffer, sustain, get | examples=She suffered a fracture in the accident; He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars
17. sense_key=have%2:40:02:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=get, make | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
18. sense_key=have%2:29:00:: | definition=cause to be born | synonyms=give birth, deliver, bear, birth | examples=My wife had twins yesterday!
19. sense_key=have%2:35:00:: | definition=have sex with; archaic use | synonyms=take | examples=He had taken this woman when she was most vulnerable

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The target word is "have" in the context: "Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking <t>have</t> lower security in office."

Here, "have" means to possess or be characterized by something abstract ("lower security in office").

Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. have%2:40:00:: | definition=have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense | examples=She has $1,000 in the bank; He has got two beautiful daughters
2. have%2:42:00:: | definition=have as a feature | synonyms=feature | examples=This restaurant features the most famous chefs in France
3. have%2:39:06:: | definition=go through (mental or physical states or experiences) | synonyms=experience, receive, get | examples=get an idea; experience vertigo
4. have%2:40:04:: | definition=have ownership or possession of | synonyms=own, possess | examples=He owns three houses in Florida; How many cars does she have?
5. have%2:30:00:: | definition=cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition | synonyms=get, let | examples=He got his squad on the ball; This let me in for a big surprise
6. have%2:34:00:: | definition=serve oneself to, or consume regularly | synonyms=consume, ingest, take in, take | examples=Have another bowl of chicken soup!; I don't take sugar in my coffee
7. have%2:41:00:: | definition=have a personal or business relationship with someone | examples=have a postdoc; have an assistant
8. have%2:36:00:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, make, give | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
9. have%2:40:01:: | definition=have left | examples=I have two years left; I don't have any money left
10. have%2:42:12:: | definition=be confronted with | examples=What do we have here?; Now we have a fine mess
11. have%2:30:01:: | definition=undergo | synonyms=experience | examples=The stocks had a fast run-up
12. have%2:29:02:: | definition=suffer from; be ill with | examples=She has arthritis
13. have%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, get, make | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
14. have%2:40:05:: | definition=receive willingly something given or offered | synonyms=accept, take | examples=The only girl who would have him was the miller's daughter; I won't have this dog in my house!
15. have%2:40:03:: | definition=get something; come into possession of | synonyms=receive | examples=receive payment; receive a gift
16. have%2:29:05:: | definition=undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | synonyms=suffer, sustain, get | examples=She suffered a fracture in the accident; He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars
17. have%2:40:02:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=get, make | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
18. have%2:29:00:: | definition=cause to be born | synonyms=give birth, deliver, bear, birth | examples=My wife had twins yesterday!
19. have%2:35:00:: | definition=have sex with; archaic use | synonyms=take | examples=He had taken this woman when she was most vulnerable

"legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office"
Here, "have" means "possess" or "experience" in an abstract sense.
Wait, is it "have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense"? Yes, "lower security in office" is an abstract possession/state.
Could it be "have as a feature"? (sense 2) - "legislators ... feature lower security in office" - not quite as natural as "possess".
Let's consider 1. "have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense". "He has lower security in office" fits this perfectly.
Is it 11. "undergo"? "The stocks had a fast run-up". "Legislators ... undergo lower security in office"? "have" here is more of a state of possessing less security. Or maybe 2: "have as a feature". Actually, having lower security means being in a state of lower security.
Let's look at 1: "have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense".
Example 1: "She has $1,000 in the bank". (concrete)
"He has got two beautiful daughters" (concrete/abstract)
I think 1 is the best fit. "have lower security in office".

Let's check 2: "have as a feature". "This restaurant features the most famous chefs in France". Not quite the same as a characteristic state of an entity, but rather an offering or characteristic trait. "have lower security" is more of an abstract possession.
Let's check 10: "be confronted with". "What do we have here?" "Now we have a fine mess". Not exactly.
I will choose 1.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: StreamLake

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: office
Target surface form: office
Context:
Although a GOP president may limit local benefits to the voter's particular district/state, such a president is also likely to be more effective at preventing other districts/states and their legislators from bringing home the local benefits. The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in <t>office</t>. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=office%1:06:00:: | definition=place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed | synonyms=business office | examples=he rented an office in the new building
2. sense_key=office%1:14:01:: | definition=an administrative unit of government | synonyms=agency, federal agency, government agency, bureau, authority | examples=the Central Intelligence Agency; the Census Bureau
3. sense_key=office%1:04:01:: | definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=function, part, role | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part
4. sense_key=office%1:26:00:: | definition=(of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power | synonyms=power | examples=being in office already gives a candidate a great advantage; during his first year in office
5. sense_key=office%1:14:00:: | definition=professional or clerical workers in an office | synonyms=office staff | examples=the whole office was late the morning of the blizzard
6. sense_key=office%1:04:00:: | definition=a religious rite or service prescribed by ecclesiastical authorities | examples=the offices of the mass
7. sense_key=office%1:04:02:: | definition=a job in an organization | synonyms=position, post, berth, spot, billet, place | examples=he occupied a post in the treasury

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "office" in the context: "Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in <t>office</t>."

Here, "office" refers to the position or role of being a legislator. The phrase "security in office" means the ability to stay in their elected position/role.

Let's look at the senses:
1. Physical place of business - Incorrect.
2. Administrative unit of government - Incorrect.
3. Actions/activities assigned to a person or group - Incorrect.
4. (of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power - "lower security in office" refers to their security in holding power/their elected position. "During his first year in office" fits this. So sense 4.
5. Office staff - Incorrect.
6. Religious rite - Incorrect.
7. A job in an organization - "position", "post". Wait, "office" as a job in an organization could also fit. Let's distinguish between 4 and 7. Sense 4 is specifically "(of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power". The context is about legislators (government officials) and their security in office (staying in power). Sense 7 is "a job in an organization", examples "he occupied a post in the treasury".

Is "security in office" closer to sense 4 or 7?
Sense 4: "(of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power" | examples=being in office already gives a candidate a great advantage; during his first year in office
Context: "legislators... have lower security in office". This means their security of staying in power is lower. "Office" here denotes the state of being in power or holding an official position.
Sense 7: "a job in an organization".

Actually, WordNet 3.0:
office%1:14:01:: (noun.cognition) an administrative unit of government
office%1:04:01:: (noun.act) the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group
office%1:26:00:: (noun.state) (of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power
office%1:04:02:: (noun.act) a job in an organization

"Security in office" usually refers to the state of holding the elected position. "Office" in "in office" is a state (noun.state). The text says "security in office". The examples for sense 4 include "during his first year in office". This directly aligns with "security in office" meaning their security while holding the position/power.
Wait, could "office" mean the actual job/position (sense 7)?
Sense 4 gloss: "(of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power". The word "office" here is used as the state of being in power. Example: "being in office".
Sense 7 gloss: "a job in an organization". Example: "he occupied a post".

Since "in office" is an idiom meaning "holding power", "security in office" = security in remaining in power. This perfectly aligns with Sense 4. The context specifies "legislators" who are government officials. Thus, Sense 4 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: member
Target surface form: members
Context:
The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term <t>members</t> of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=member%1:18:00:: | definition=one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization) | synonyms=fellow member | examples=only members will be admitted; a member of the faculty
2. sense_key=member%1:24:00:: | definition=anything that belongs to a set or class | examples=snakes are members of the class Reptilia; members of the opposite sex
3. sense_key=member%1:08:00:: | definition=an external body part that projects from the body | synonyms=extremity, appendage | examples=it is important to keep the extremities warm
4. sense_key=member%1:14:00:: | definition=an organization that is a member of another organization (especially a state that belongs to a group of nations) | examples=the library was a member of the interlibrary loan association; Canada is a member of the United Nations
5. sense_key=member%1:08:01:: | definition=the male organ of copulation (`member' is a euphemism) | synonyms=penis, phallus

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "members" in the context of "first-term members of the House". This refers to people who are part of a group (the House of Representatives). They are individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization.

Sense 1: "one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)" - examples: "only members will be admitted; a member of the faculty"

This fits perfectly. Members of the House are individuals who compose the social group that is the House of Representatives.

Sense 2 is about things belonging to a set or class (like snakes being members of class Reptilia).
Sense 3 is about body parts.
Sense 4 is about organizations being members of other organizations.
Sense 5 is a euphemism for penis.

The best sense is 1.

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: vulnerable
Target surface form: vulnerable
Context:
The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most <t>vulnerable</t> of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=vulnerable%3:00:00:: | definition=susceptible to attack | examples=a vulnerable bridge
2. sense_key=vulnerable%5:00:00:susceptible:00 | definition=susceptible to criticism or persuasion or temptation | examples=vulnerable to bribery; an argument vulnerable to refutation
3. sense_key=vulnerable%5:00:00:weak:00 | definition=capable of being wounded or hurt | examples=vulnerable parts of the body

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "vulnerable" in the context:
"For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat."

Here, "vulnerable" refers to being susceptible to losing an election/defeat.
Sense 1: susceptible to attack
Sense 2: susceptible to criticism or persuasion or temptation
Sense 3: capable of being wounded or hurt

The text talks about being "immune to defeat", so "vulnerable" here means susceptible to attack/defeat in the political sense. Incumbents who are vulnerable are those who are susceptible to losing their seat (being attacked/defeated by an opponent). Sense 1 ("susceptible to attack") fits best in the context of elections and incumbents being defeated.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: become
Target surface form: become
Context:
The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have <t>become</t> virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=become%2:30:00:: | definition=enter or assume a certain state or condition | synonyms=go, get | examples=He became annoyed when he heard the bad news; It must be getting more serious
2. sense_key=become%2:42:01:: | definition=undergo a change or development | synonyms=turn | examples=The water turned into ice; Her former friend became her worst enemy
3. sense_key=become%2:42:00:: | definition=come into existence | examples=What becomes has duration
4. sense_key=become%2:42:03:: | definition=enhance the appearance of | synonyms=suit | examples=Mourning becomes Electra; This behavior doesn't suit you!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "become" in the context: "...once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat."

Let's analyze the senses:
1. become%2:30:00:: | definition=enter or assume a certain state or condition | synonyms=go, get | examples=He became annoyed when he heard the bad news; It must be getting more serious
2. become%2:42:01:: | definition=undergo a change or development | synonyms=turn | examples=The water turned into ice; Her former friend became her worst enemy
3. become%2:42:00:: | definition=come into existence | examples=What becomes has duration
4. become%2:42:03:: | definition=enhance the appearance of | synonyms=suit | examples=Mourning becomes Electra; This behavior doesn't suit you!

In the sentence, first-term members of the House changed from being vulnerable to being immune to defeat. This implies a change of state or undergoing a change/development.

Sense 1: "enter or assume a certain state or condition" (e.g., became annoyed, getting more serious). Here, they have "become virtually immune", which means they entered a state of being immune.
Sense 2: "undergo a change or development" (e.g., turned into ice, became an enemy). This also fits.

Let's look closer at the context. "once the most vulnerable... have become virtually immune". "become" is followed by an adjective phrase "virtually immune to defeat". When "become" is followed by an adjective, it generally aligns with sense 1 (enter or assume a certain state or condition) in WordNet (e.g., "became annoyed"). Sense 2 often involves "turn into" or changing from one thing to another (often with a noun phrase object, like "became her worst enemy").

Wait, "became annoyed" is an adjective. "have become virtually immune" is an adjective phrase. Thus, Sense 1 is the most appropriate.
Sense 2 examples are "The water turned into ice", "Her former friend became her worst enemy" - these involve becoming a noun.
Therefore, sense 1 fits perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: immune
Target surface form: immune
Context:
The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually <t>immune</t> to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=immune%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to the condition of immunity | examples=the immune system
2. sense_key=immune%5:00:00:exempt:00 | definition=secure against | examples=immune from taxation as long as he resided in Bermuda; immune from criminal prosecution
3. sense_key=immune%5:00:00:unsusceptible:00 | definition=relating to or conferring immunity (to disease or infection) | synonyms=resistant
4. sense_key=immune%5:00:00:unaffected:00 | definition=(usually followed by `to') not affected by a given influence | examples=immune to persuasion

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "immune" in the context: "first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat."

The phrase is "immune to defeat".
This means they are not affected by defeat (i.e., they cannot be defeated).
Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. relating to the condition of immunity (e.g., the immune system)
2. secure against (e.g., immune from taxation, immune from criminal prosecution)
3. relating to or conferring immunity (to disease or infection)
4. (usually followed by `to') not affected by a given influence (e.g., immune to persuasion)

In the context, "immune to defeat", they are practically not affected by defeat (i.e., safe from being defeated).
Wait, sense 4 is "not affected by a given influence". "Defeat" isn't exactly an influence, it's an outcome.
Sense 2 is "secure against". Example: "immune from taxation as long as he resided in Bermuda; immune from criminal prosecution". "Immune to defeat" means secure against defeat.
But wait, "immune to defeat" usually means "cannot be defeated", which aligns well with "not affected by a given influence" or "secure against".
Let's consider sense 2 vs 4. Sense 2 examples are "immune from taxation", "immune from criminal prosecution". Sense 4 examples are "immune to persuasion". The text uses "immune to defeat".
Actually, "immune to defeat" is better captured by sense 4 "(usually followed by `to') not affected by a given influence", or sense 2 "secure against".
Let's look at the synonyms for sense 4: unaffected.
Is defeat an influence?
Often, "immune to defeat" is categorized under "not affected by". Let's check WordNet 3.0 for "immune".
WordNet 3.0 Adjective senses for "immune":
1: a person who is immune to a particular infection
2: relating to the condition of immunity; "the immune system"
3: secure against; "immune from taxation as long as he resided in Bermuda"; "immune from criminal prosecution"
4: relating to or conferring immunity (to disease or infection)
5: (usually followed by `to') not affected by a given influence; "immune to persuasion"

In many WSD corpora (like SemCor), "immune to defeat" or "immune to persuasion" maps to sense 5 (which is sense_index 4 here, as it's the 4th candidate).
Wait, if I look at the candidate senses:
1. immune%3:01:00:: (relating to the condition of immunity)
2. immune%5:00:00:exempt:00 (secure against)
3. immune%5:00:00:unsusceptible:00 (relating to or conferring immunity)
4. immune%5:00:00:unaffected:00 (not affected by a given influence)

Let's see: "immune to defeat" matches the syntax "immune to" and the meaning "not affected by a given influence". Defeat here is the influence or outcome. In SemCor, "immune to" is generally assigned the "unaffected" sense.
Wait, "immune from" is for sense 2 (exempt:00). "Immune to" is for sense 4 (unaffected:00). The context has "immune to defeat".

Let's verify. "immune to defeat" -> immune%5:00:00:unaffected:00.
Sense 4: "(usually followed by `to') not affected by a given influence"
The context has "virtually immune to defeat".

Therefore, sense_index 4.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: defeat
Target surface form: defeat
Context:
The individual voter's standing consequently will be enhanced through lower taxes. While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to <t>defeat</t>. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=defeat%1:11:00:: | definition=an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest | synonyms=licking | examples=it was a narrow defeat; the army's only defeat
2. sense_key=defeat%1:12:00:: | definition=the feeling that accompanies an experience of being thwarted in attaining your goals | synonyms=frustration

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "defeat" appears in the context: "have become virtually immune to defeat" and "the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans."

This refers to an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest (an election). It's about losing an election, not about a feeling of frustration.

Sense 1: an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest - fits perfectly with election defeat.
Sense 2: the feeling that accompanies an experience of being thwarted - this is about an emotional feeling, not applicable here.

The answer is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: exception
Target surface form: exception
Context:
While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one <t>exception</t> to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=exception%1:09:00:: | definition=a deliberate act of omission | synonyms=exclusion, elision | examples=with the exception of the children, everyone was told the news
2. sense_key=exception%1:09:01:: | definition=an instance that does not conform to a rule or generalization | examples=all her children were brilliant; the only exception was her last child; an exception tests the rule
3. sense_key=exception%1:10:00:: | definition=grounds for adverse criticism | examples=his authority is beyond exception

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context says: "The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans..."

This refers to an instance that does not conform to a rule or generalization (the trend being the generalization, and the defeat of those freshmen being the exception).

Sense 2 fits best: "an instance that does not conform to a rule or generalization"


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: trend
Target surface form: trend
Context:
While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent <t>trend</t> was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=trend%1:15:02:: | definition=a general direction in which something tends to move | synonyms=tendency | examples=the shoreward tendency of the current; the trend of the stock market
2. sense_key=trend%1:15:01:: | definition=general line of orientation | synonyms=course | examples=the river takes a southern course; the northeastern trend of the coast
3. sense_key=trend%1:09:00:: | definition=a general tendency to change (as of opinion) | synonyms=drift, movement | examples=not openly liberal but that is the trend of the book; a broad movement of the electorate to the right
4. sense_key=trend%1:09:02:: | definition=the popular taste at a given time | synonyms=vogue, style | examples=leather is the latest vogue; he followed current trends

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "trend" in the context: "The one exception to this recent <t>trend</t> was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans..."

The passage discusses a pattern or tendency in political behavior over time - specifically, how first-term House members have become virtually immune to defeat, which is a recent trend (a general tendency to change in a particular direction over time).

Let's look at the senses:
1. trend%1:15:02:: - a general direction in which something tends to move (synonyms: tendency) - examples: shoreward tendency of the current, trend of the stock market
2. trend%1:15:01:: - general line of orientation (synonyms: course) - examples: river takes a southern course, northeastern trend of the coast
3. trend%1:09:00:: - a general tendency to change (as of opinion) (synonyms: drift, movement) - examples: not openly liberal but that is the trend of the book; a broad movement of the electorate to the right
4. trend%1:09:02:: - the popular taste at a given time (synonyms: vogue, style) - examples: leather is the latest vogue, he followed current trends

The context is about a political trend - the tendency for first-term House members to be immune to defeat, which is a general tendency to change (in this case, a change in political behavior/patterns). This fits well with sense 3, which mentions "a general tendency to change (as of opinion)" and has political examples like "a broad movement of the electorate to the right."

Sense 1 is about physical movement or direction (current, stock market).
Sense 2 is about physical orientation (river, coast).
Sense 3 is about general tendency to change, including opinion and political movement - this fits the political context here.
Sense 4 is about popular taste/fashion - not applicable here.

Sense 3 seems the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: defeat
Target surface form: defeat
Context:
While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the <t>defeat</t> of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=defeat%1:11:00:: | definition=an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest | synonyms=licking | examples=it was a narrow defeat; the army's only defeat
2. sense_key=defeat%1:12:00:: | definition=the feeling that accompanies an experience of being thwarted in attaining your goals | synonyms=frustration

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "defeat" used as a noun in the context "the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans".
Sense 1: an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest (synonyms: licking, examples: it was a narrow defeat; the army's only defeat).
Sense 2: the feeling that accompanies an experience of being thwarted in attaining your goals (synonyms: frustration).

In the context, "defeat" refers to the event of 13 freshman Republicans losing their re-election campaigns (the struggle or contest). It does not refer to the *feeling* of being thwarted.
Therefore, sense 1 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: freshman
Target surface form: freshman
Context:
While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 <t>freshman</t> Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=freshman%1:18:00:: | definition=a first-year undergraduate | synonyms=fresher
2. sense_key=freshman%1:18:01:: | definition=any new participant in some activity | synonyms=newcomer, fledgling, fledgeling, starter, neophyte, newbie

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "freshman" in the context: "the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982."

Here, "freshman" refers to first-term members of Congress (Republicans), not first-year undergraduates. The context mentions "first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents" and these "freshman Republicans" are new participants in Congress.

Sense 1 is "a first-year undergraduate" - this doesn't fit.
Sense 2 is "any new participant in some activity" with synonyms like newcomer, fledgling, etc. - this fits better as these are new members of Congress.

The answer is sense 2.

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: republican
Target surface form: Republicans
Context:
While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman <t>Republicans</t> brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=republican%1:18:01:: | definition=a member of the Republican Party
2. sense_key=republican%1:18:00:: | definition=an advocate of a republic (usually in opposition to a monarchy)
3. sense_key=republican%1:17:00:: | definition=a tributary of the Kansas River that flows from eastern Colorado eastward through Nebraska and Kansas | synonyms=Republican River

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "Republicans" in the context of a political text about ticket splitting, Congress, the Reagan revolution, and national policy making. This clearly refers to members of the Republican Party (the US political party).

Sense 1: a member of the Republican Party
Sense 2: an advocate of a republic (usually in opposition to a monarchy)
Sense 3: a tributary of the Kansas River (Republican River)

The context mentions "freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982" - this is clearly about members of the Republican Party.

Sense 1 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bring
Target surface form: brought
Context:
While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans <t>brought</t> into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bring%2:38:00:: | definition=take something or somebody with oneself somewhere | synonyms=convey, take | examples=Bring me the box from the other room; Take these letters to the boss
2. sense_key=bring%2:35:04:: | definition=cause to come into a particular state or condition | examples=Long hard years of on the job training had brought them to their competence; bring water to the boiling point
3. sense_key=bring%2:36:00:: | definition=cause to happen or to occur as a consequence | synonyms=work, play, wreak, make for | examples=I cannot work a miracle; wreak havoc
4. sense_key=bring%2:35:00:: | definition=go or come after and bring or take back | synonyms=get, convey, fetch | examples=Get me those books over there, please; Could you bring the wine?
5. sense_key=bring%2:30:00:: | definition=bring into a different state | synonyms=land | examples=this may land you in jail
6. sense_key=bring%2:35:02:: | definition=be accompanied by | examples=Can I bring my cousin to the dinner?
7. sense_key=bring%2:36:01:: | definition=advance or set forth in court; , | synonyms=institute | examples=bring charges; institute proceedings
8. sense_key=bring%2:40:02:: | definition=bestow a quality on | synonyms=lend, impart, bestow, contribute, add | examples=Her presence lends a certain cachet to the company; The music added a lot to the play
9. sense_key=bring%2:40:00:: | definition=be sold for a certain price | synonyms=fetch, bring in | examples=The painting brought $10,000; The old print fetched a high price at the auction
10. sense_key=bring%2:37:05:: | definition=attract the attention of | examples=The noise and the screaming brought the curious
11. sense_key=bring%2:32:03:: | definition=induce or persuade | examples=The confession of one of the accused brought the others to admit to the crime as well

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "brought" in the context: "the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution".

Here, "brought into office" means the Reagan revolution caused them to come into office (to be elected to office). This is about causing something/someone to come into a particular state or condition (being in office).

Let's look at sense 2: "cause to come into a particular state or condition" with examples like "Long hard years of on the job training had brought them to their competence; bring water to the boiling point". This fits well - the Reagan revolution brought them into office (caused them to come into the state of being in office).

Sense 1 is about physically taking something/somebody with oneself somewhere. Not quite fitting here.

Sense 2 seems the best match: "cause to come into a particular state or condition" - brought into office = caused them to come into the state of being in office.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: office
Target surface form: office
Context:
While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into <t>office</t> in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=office%1:06:00:: | definition=place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed | synonyms=business office | examples=he rented an office in the new building
2. sense_key=office%1:14:01:: | definition=an administrative unit of government | synonyms=agency, federal agency, government agency, bureau, authority | examples=the Central Intelligence Agency; the Census Bureau
3. sense_key=office%1:04:01:: | definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=function, part, role | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part
4. sense_key=office%1:26:00:: | definition=(of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power | synonyms=power | examples=being in office already gives a candidate a great advantage; during his first year in office
5. sense_key=office%1:14:00:: | definition=professional or clerical workers in an office | synonyms=office staff | examples=the whole office was late the morning of the blizzard
6. sense_key=office%1:04:00:: | definition=a religious rite or service prescribed by ecclesiastical authorities | examples=the offices of the mass
7. sense_key=office%1:04:02:: | definition=a job in an organization | synonyms=position, post, berth, spot, billet, place | examples=he occupied a post in the treasury

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is "brought into office" - this refers to politicians being elected and thus holding a position/power in government.
Let me look at the senses:
- Sense 1: place of business (physical office)
- Sense 2: administrative unit of government
- Sense 3: actions/activities assigned to a person or group
- Sense 4: holding an office means being in power (of a government or government official)
- Sense 5: office staff
- Sense 6: religious rite
- Sense 7: a job in an organization

The phrase "brought into office" means being elected and thus being in power. This matches Sense 4 well: "(of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power". The example "during his first year in office" is similar to "brought into office".

Sense 7 is "a job in an organization" - could also fit, but Sense 4 specifically mentions government officials and being in power, which is exactly what this context is about (elected officials).

Let me confirm: "the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980" - they were elected to office, meaning they gained power/position. Sense 4 fits best.

Sense index 4.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: revolution
Target surface form: revolution
Context:
While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan <t>revolution</t> and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=revolution%1:11:01:: | definition=a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving | examples=the industrial revolution was also a cultural revolution
2. sense_key=revolution%1:04:00:: | definition=the overthrow of a government by those who are governed
3. sense_key=revolution%1:11:00:: | definition=a single complete turn (axial or orbital) | synonyms=rotation, gyration | examples=the plane made three rotations before it crashed; the revolution of the earth about the sun takes one year

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context is about the "Reagan revolution" which refers to a significant political change brought about by Ronald Reagan's election and policies. This isn't a literal violent overthrow of a government (sense 2), nor is it a physical turning (sense 3). It refers to a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving, specifically in political and policy terms. This matches sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: run
Target surface form: running
Context:
While this theory is exceedingly simple, it appears to explain several things. First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and <t>running</t> for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=run%2:38:00:: | definition=move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time | examples=Don't run--you'll be out of breath; The children ran to the store
2. sense_key=run%2:38:04:: | definition=flee; take to one's heels; cut and run | synonyms=scat, scarper, turn tail, lam, run away, hightail it | examples=If you see this man, run!; The burglars escaped before the police showed up
3. sense_key=run%2:42:00:: | definition=stretch out over a distance, space, time, or scope; run or extend between two points or beyond a certain point | synonyms=go, pass, lead, extend | examples=Service runs all the way to Cranbury; His knowledge doesn't go very far
4. sense_key=run%2:41:02:: | definition=direct or control; projects, businesses, etc. | synonyms=operate | examples=She is running a relief operation in the Sudan
5. sense_key=run%2:42:04:: | definition=have a particular form | synonyms=go | examples=the story or argument runs as follows; as the saying goes...
6. sense_key=run%2:38:01:: | definition=move along, of liquids | synonyms=flow, feed, course | examples=Water flowed into the cave; the Missouri feeds into the Mississippi
7. sense_key=run%2:35:00:: | definition=perform as expected when applied | synonyms=function, work, operate, go | examples=The washing machine won't go unless it's plugged in; Does this old car still run well?
8. sense_key=run%2:42:07:: | definition=change or be different within limits | synonyms=range | examples=Estimates for the losses in the earthquake range as high as $2 billion; Interest rates run from 5 to 10 percent
9. sense_key=run%2:33:06:: | definition=run, stand, or compete for an office or a position | synonyms=campaign | examples=Who's running for treasurer this year?
10. sense_key=run%2:36:01:: | definition=cause to emit recorded audio or video | synonyms=play | examples=They ran the tapes over and over again; I'll play you my favorite record
11. sense_key=run%2:38:11:: | definition=move about freely and without restraint, or act as if running around in an uncontrolled way | examples=who are these people running around in the building?; She runs around telling everyone of her troubles
12. sense_key=run%2:42:01:: | definition=have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined | synonyms=tend, be given, lean, incline | examples=She tends to be nervous before her lectures; These dresses run small
13. sense_key=run%2:35:04:: | definition=be operating, running or functioning | examples=The car is still running--turn it off!
14. sense_key=run%2:30:03:: | definition=change from one state to another | examples=run amok; run rogue
15. sense_key=run%2:30:07:: | definition=cause to perform | examples=run a subject; run a process
16. sense_key=run%2:42:02:: | definition=be affected by; be subjected to | examples=run a temperature; run a risk
17. sense_key=run%2:42:03:: | definition=continue to exist | synonyms=prevail, persist, die hard, endure | examples=These stories die hard; The legend of Elvis endures
18. sense_key=run%2:42:06:: | definition=occur persistently | examples=Musical talent runs in the family
19. sense_key=run%2:41:00:: | definition=carry out a process or program, as on a computer or a machine | synonyms=execute | examples=Run the dishwasher; run a new program on the Mac
20. sense_key=run%2:36:02:: | definition=include as the content; broadcast or publicize | synonyms=carry | examples=We ran the ad three times; This paper carries a restaurant review
21. sense_key=run%2:36:00:: | definition=carry out | examples=run an errand
22. sense_key=run%2:35:01:: | definition=pass over, across, or through | synonyms=guide, draw, pass | examples=He ran his eyes over her body; She ran her fingers along the carved figurine
23. sense_key=run%2:42:08:: | definition=cause something to pass or lead somewhere | synonyms=lead | examples=Run the wire behind the cabinet
24. sense_key=run%2:41:01:: | definition=make without a miss
25. sense_key=run%2:40:06:: | definition=deal in illegally, such as arms or liquor | synonyms=black market
26. sense_key=run%2:38:10:: | definition=cause an animal to move fast | examples=run the dogs
27. sense_key=run%2:38:08:: | definition=be diffused | synonyms=bleed | examples=These dyes and colors are guaranteed not to run
28. sense_key=run%2:38:03:: | definition=sail before the wind
29. sense_key=run%2:38:05:: | definition=cover by running; run a certain distance | examples=She ran 10 miles that day
30. sense_key=run%2:42:05:: | definition=extend or continue for a certain period of time | synonyms=run for | examples=The film runs 5 hours
31. sense_key=run%2:41:04:: | definition=set animals loose to graze
32. sense_key=run%2:38:02:: | definition=keep company | synonyms=consort | examples=the heifers run with the bulls to produce offspring
33. sense_key=run%2:38:06:: | definition=run with the ball; in such sports as football
34. sense_key=run%2:38:13:: | definition=travel rapidly, by any (unspecified) means | examples=Run to the store!; She always runs to Italy, because she has a lover there
35. sense_key=run%2:38:09:: | definition=travel a route regularly | synonyms=ply | examples=Ships ply the waters near the coast
36. sense_key=run%2:33:02:: | definition=pursue for food or sport (as of wild animals) | synonyms=hunt, hunt down, track down | examples=Goering often hunted wild boars in Poland; The dogs are running deer
37. sense_key=run%2:33:01:: | definition=compete in a race | synonyms=race | examples=he is running the Marathon this year; let's race and see who gets there first
38. sense_key=run%2:30:02:: | definition=progress by being changed | synonyms=move, go | examples=The speech has to go through several more drafts; run through your presentation before the meeting
39. sense_key=run%2:30:00:: | definition=reduce or cause to be reduced from a solid to a liquid state, usually by heating | synonyms=melt, melt down | examples=melt butter; melt down gold
40. sense_key=run%2:30:01:: | definition=come unraveled or undone as if by snagging | synonyms=ladder | examples=Her nylons were running
41. sense_key=run%2:30:04:: | definition=become undone | synonyms=unravel | examples=the sweater unraveled

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about politicians "running for re-election in 1982." The target word is "running" in the phrase "running for re-election."

Sense 9: "run, stand, or compete for an office or a position" with synonyms "campaign" and example "Who's running for treasurer this year?" This fits perfectly with "running for re-election."

So the answer is sense_index 9.

provider: Alibaba


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: freshman
Target surface form: freshmen
Context:
First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these <t>freshmen</t> placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=freshman%1:18:00:: | definition=a first-year undergraduate | synonyms=fresher
2. sense_key=freshman%1:18:01:: | definition=any new participant in some activity | synonyms=newcomer, fledgling, fledgeling, starter, neophyte, newbie

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context discusses "freshman Republicans" and "these freshmen" who were brought into office in 1980 and running for re-election in 1982. These are new members of Congress, not undergraduate students.

Sense 2 is "any new participant in some activity" with synonyms like newcomer, fledgling, neophyte, newbie. This fits the context of newly elected members of Congress.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: place
Target surface form: placed
Context:
First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen <t>placed</t> far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=place%2:35:00:: | definition=put into a certain place or abstract location | synonyms=put, set, pose, position, lay | examples=Put your things here; Set the tray down
2. sense_key=place%2:41:01:: | definition=place somebody in a particular situation or location | examples=he was placed on probation
3. sense_key=place%2:31:01:: | definition=assign a rank or rating to | synonyms=rate, rank, range, order, grade | examples=how would you rank these students?; The restaurant is rated highly in the food guide
4. sense_key=place%2:40:00:: | definition=assign a location to | synonyms=locate, site | examples=The company located some of their agents in Los Angeles
5. sense_key=place%2:32:01:: | definition=to arrange for | examples=place a phone call; place a bet
6. sense_key=place%2:31:03:: | definition=take a place in a competition; often followed by an ordinal | synonyms=come in, come out | examples=Jerry came in third in the Marathon
7. sense_key=place%2:33:03:: | definition=intend (something) to move towards a certain goal | synonyms=target, aim, direct, point | examples=He aimed his fists towards his opponent's face; criticism directed at her superior
8. sense_key=place%2:31:00:: | definition=recognize as being; establish the identity of someone or something | synonyms=identify | examples=She identified the man on the 'wanted' poster
9. sense_key=place%2:41:00:: | definition=assign to (a job or a home)
10. sense_key=place%2:36:00:: | definition=locate | synonyms=set, localize, localise | examples=The film is set in Africa
11. sense_key=place%2:31:13:: | definition=estimate | synonyms=put, set | examples=We put the time of arrival at 8 P.M.
12. sense_key=place%2:42:00:: | definition=identify the location or place of | synonyms=localize, localise | examples=We localized the source of the infection
13. sense_key=place%2:40:03:: | definition=make an investment | synonyms=invest, put, commit | examples=Put money into bonds
14. sense_key=place%2:33:00:: | definition=assign to a station | synonyms=station, post, send
15. sense_key=place%2:33:02:: | definition=finish second or better in a horse or dog race | examples=he bet $2 on number six to place
16. sense_key=place%2:32:00:: | definition=sing a note with the correct pitch

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "placed" in the context: "Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role..."

The sentence means these freshmen "put" or "placed" more emphasis on their partisan role.

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. place%2:35:00:: | definition=put into a certain place or abstract location | synonyms=put, set, pose, position, lay | examples=Put your things here; Set the tray down
This fits "placed emphasis" because emphasis is an abstract location/concept. "Placed emphasis on" means putting emphasis on something abstract.

Sense 1 seems to be the best fit. "placed emphasis" = "put emphasis" on an abstract concept.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: emphasis
Target surface form: emphasis
Context:
First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more <t>emphasis</t> on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=emphasis%1:26:00:: | definition=special importance or significance | synonyms=accent | examples=the red light gave the central figure increased emphasis; the room was decorated in shades of grey with distinctive red accents
2. sense_key=emphasis%1:07:00:: | definition=intensity or forcefulness of expression | synonyms=vehemence | examples=the vehemence of his denial; his emphasis on civil rights
3. sense_key=emphasis%1:10:01:: | definition=special and significant stress by means of position or repetition e.g.
4. sense_key=emphasis%1:10:00:: | definition=the relative prominence of a syllable or musical note (especially with regard to stress or pitch) | synonyms=stress, accent | examples=he put the stress on the wrong syllable

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "emphasis" in the context: "Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat."

Here, "emphasis" refers to special importance or significance given to something. The freshmen placed more importance/focus on their partisan role.

Sense 1: special importance or significance - synonyms: accent
Sense 2: intensity or forcefulness of expression - synonyms: vehemence
Sense 3: special and significant stress by means of position or repetition
Sense 4: the relative prominence of a syllable or musical note

The context is about placing emphasis on a role, meaning giving it special importance or significance. Sense 1 fits best.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: role
Target surface form: role
Context:
First, why ticket splitting has increased and taken the peculiar pattern that it has over the past half century: Prior to the election of Franklin Roosevelt as president and the advent of the New Deal, government occupied a much smaller role in society and the prisoner's dilemma problem confronting voters in races for Congress was considerably less severe. Second, it explains why voters hold Congress in disdain but generally love their own congressional representatives: Any individual legislator's constituents appreciate the specific benefits that the legislator wins for them but not the overall cost associated with every other legislator doing likewise for his own constituency. Third, the theory suggests why legislators who pay too much attention to national policy making relative to local benefit-seeking have lower security in office. For example, first-term - term members of the House, once the most vulnerable of incumbents, have become virtually immune to defeat. The one exception to this recent trend was the defeat of 13 of the 52 freshman Republicans brought into office in 1980 by the Reagan revolution and running for re-election in 1982. Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan <t>role</t> -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat. Fourth, the theory indicates why the Republican Party may have a difficult time attracting viable candidates for congressional office.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=role%1:04:00:: | definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=function, office, part | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part
2. sense_key=role%1:09:00:: | definition=an actor's portrayal of someone in a play | synonyms=character, theatrical role, part, persona | examples=she played the part of Desdemona
3. sense_key=role%1:07:00:: | definition=what something is used for | synonyms=function, purpose, use | examples=the function of an auger is to bore holes; ballet is beautiful but what use is it?
4. sense_key=role%1:04:01:: | definition=normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting | examples=what is your role on the team?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "role" in the context: "Because these freshmen placed far more emphasis on their partisan role -- spreading the Reagan revolution -- in national policy making, they were more vulnerable to defeat."

The context is about legislators (freshmen Republicans) and their "partisan role" in national policy making.
The text is talking about the actions and activities assigned to or expected of these legislators in their capacity as partisan politicians.
Let's analyze the senses:
1. role%1:04:00:: = the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group. synonyms: function, office, part.
4. role%1:04:01:: = normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting.

Sense 1 fits best: "the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group". The freshmen are playing their "partisan role" which means the activities expected of them as partisans (spreading the Reagan revolution).
Also, earlier in the text: "government occupied a much smaller role in society" -> this could be sense 1 or 3, but the target word is "partisan role". "partisan role" = the actions and activities expected of them as partisans.
Sense 4 is "normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting", but sense 1 seems more general and fits "actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group" perfectly.

Wait, looking at the text, "government occupied a much smaller role in society" is in the context, but the target is specifically "partisan role". "partisan role" implies the function or part they are expected to play. Sense 1: "the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group" fits well.

Let's check the examples:
1. "the function of a teacher; the government must do its part" -> "partisan role" aligns with doing one's part/function.
4. "what is your role on the team?"

"partisan role" is basically their function or part in the political process.
Sense 1 is definitely the best fit.

provider: AtlasCloud