[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: look
Target surface form: looked
Context:
He shrugged casually. "But if you say you managed it "The stranger was hooked. His eyes burned feverishly. "Yes, yes ", he muttered impatiently. "Of course it <t>looked</t> like an accident. I always work it that way -- and always at a time when the customer has an alibi.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=look%2:39:00:: | definition=perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards | examples=She looked over the expanse of land; Look at your child!
2. sense_key=look%2:39:01:: | definition=give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect | synonyms=appear, seem | examples=She seems to be sleeping; This appears to be a very difficult problem
3. sense_key=look%2:29:00:: | definition=have a certain outward or facial expression | examples=How does she look?; The child looks unhappy
4. sense_key=look%2:39:02:: | definition=search or seek | synonyms=search | examples=We looked all day and finally found the child in the forest; Look elsewhere for the perfect gift!
5. sense_key=look%2:42:00:: | definition=be oriented in a certain direction, often with respect to another reference point; be opposite to | synonyms=front, face | examples=The house looks north; My backyard look onto the pond
6. sense_key=look%2:41:13:: | definition=take charge of or deal with | synonyms=attend, take care, see | examples=Could you see about lunch?; I must attend to this matter
7. sense_key=look%2:32:00:: | definition=convey by one's expression | examples=She looked her devotion to me
8. sense_key=look%2:31:00:: | definition=look forward to the probable occurrence of | synonyms=expect, await, wait | examples=We were expecting a visit from our relatives; She is looking to a promotion
9. sense_key=look%2:42:02:: | definition=accord in appearance with | examples=You don't look your age!
10. sense_key=look%2:31:02:: | definition=have faith or confidence in | synonyms=count, bet, depend, calculate, reckon | examples=you can count on me to help you any time; Look to your friends for support

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is: "Of course it looked like an accident."

Here, "looked" means "appeared" or "seemed" to be an accident. This matches sense 2: "give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect" with synonyms "appear, seem" and examples like "This appears to be a very difficult problem."

The phrase "looked like" = "appeared like" = "seemed like". This is clearly sense 2.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: way
Target surface form: way
Context:
"But if you say you managed it "The stranger was hooked. His eyes burned feverishly. "Yes, yes ", he muttered impatiently. "Of course it looked like an accident. I always work it that <t>way</t> -- and always at a time when the customer has an alibi. Let me prove it, Phil.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=way%1:07:01:: | definition=how something is done or how it happens | synonyms=manner, mode, style, fashion | examples=her dignified manner; his rapid manner of talking
2. sense_key=way%1:04:01:: | definition=how a result is obtained or an end is achieved | synonyms=means, agency | examples=a means of control; an example is the best agency of instruction
3. sense_key=way%1:15:00:: | definition=a line leading to a place or point | synonyms=direction | examples=he looked the other direction; didn't know the way home
4. sense_key=way%1:26:00:: | definition=the condition of things generally | examples=that's the way it is; I felt the same way
5. sense_key=way%1:04:00:: | definition=a course of conduct | synonyms=path, way of life | examples=the path of virtue; we went our separate ways
6. sense_key=way%1:06:00:: | definition=any artifact consisting of a road or path affording passage from one place to another | examples=he said he was looking for the way out
7. sense_key=way%1:04:02:: | definition=a journey or passage | examples=they are on the way
8. sense_key=way%1:23:00:: | definition=space for movement | synonyms=room, elbow room | examples=room to pass; make way for
9. sense_key=way%1:07:02:: | definition=the property of distance in general | examples=it's a long way to Moscow; he went a long ways
10. sense_key=way%1:09:00:: | definition=doing as one pleases or chooses | examples=if I had my way
11. sense_key=way%1:09:01:: | definition=a general category of things; used in the expression `in the way of' | examples=they didn't have much in the way of clothing
12. sense_key=way%1:21:00:: | definition=a portion of something divided into shares | examples=they split the loot three ways

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The context is: "I always work it that way -- and always at a time when the customer has an alibi."

Here, "way" refers to how something is done or how it happens. The speaker is describing their method of working - "that way" means "in that manner/style". This matches sense 1: "how something is done or how it happens" with synonyms like manner, mode, style, fashion.

Let me also consider sense 2: "how a result is obtained or an end is achieved" with synonyms means, agency. This could also be relevant since the speaker is talking about how they achieve a result (making it look like an accident). But the phrase "work it that way" is more about the manner/method of doing something rather than the means to an end.

Actually, "work it that way" - "way" here is about how something is done, the manner. Sense 1 seems most appropriate with synonyms like manner, mode, style, fashion.

Let me reconsider sense 2 as well. "How a result is obtained or an end is achieved" - the speaker is describing how they obtain the result of making something look like an accident. But "work it that way" is more about the manner of working, how they do it. Sense 1 fits better.

The answer is sense 1.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Baidu

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: time
Target surface form: time
Context:
"But if you say you managed it "The stranger was hooked. His eyes burned feverishly. "Yes, yes ", he muttered impatiently. "Of course it looked like an accident. I always work it that way -- and always at a <t>time</t> when the customer has an alibi. Let me prove it, Phil.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=time%1:11:00:: | definition=an instance or single occasion for some event | synonyms=clip | examples=this time he succeeded; he called four times
2. sense_key=time%1:28:05:: | definition=a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something | examples=take time to smell the roses; I didn't have time to finish
3. sense_key=time%1:28:00:: | definition=an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities) | examples=he waited a long time; the time of year for planting
4. sense_key=time%1:28:06:: | definition=a suitable moment | examples=it is time to go
5. sense_key=time%1:03:00:: | definition=the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past
6. sense_key=time%1:11:01:: | definition=a person's experience on a particular occasion | examples=he had a time holding back the tears; they had a good time together
7. sense_key=time%1:28:03:: | definition=a reading of a point in time as given by a clock | synonyms=clock time | examples=do you know what time it is?; the time is 10 o'clock
8. sense_key=time%1:28:04:: | definition=the fourth coordinate that is required (along with three spatial dimensions) to specify a physical event | synonyms=fourth dimension
9. sense_key=time%1:07:01:: | definition=rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration | synonyms=meter, metre
10. sense_key=time%1:28:01:: | definition=the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned | synonyms=prison term, sentence | examples=he served a prison term of 15 months; his sentence was 5 to 10 years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is: "always at a time when the customer has an alibi"

Here, "a time" refers to an instance or single occasion for some event. It's about a specific point or occasion when something happens. The phrase "at a time when" means "at an instance/occasion when".

Let me look at the candidates:

1. an instance or single occasion for some event - "this time he succeeded; he called four times"
2. a period of time considered as a resource
3. an indefinite period
4. a suitable moment - "it is time to go"
5. the continuum of experience
6. a person's experience on a particular occasion
7. a reading of a point in time as given by a clock
8. the fourth coordinate
9. rhythm
10. prison term

"at a time when the customer has an alibi" - this is about a specific instance or occasion. It could be sense 1 (an instance or single occasion for some event) or sense 4 (a suitable moment).

Sense 1 is about "an instance or single occasion for some event" with examples "this time he succeeded; he called four times". This seems to fit "at a time when" - referring to a specific instance/occasion.

Sense 4 is "a suitable moment" with example "it is time to go". This is more about the right moment to do something.

The context says "always at a time when the customer has an alibi" - this is talking about choosing a specific instance/occasion (when the customer has an alibi). It's about an instance or occasion, which fits sense 1 better.

Sense 1: "an instance or single occasion for some event" - "at a time when" = "at an instance/occasion when"

This fits well. The answer is sense 1.

provider: CoreWeave


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: have
Target surface form: has
Context:
"But if you say you managed it "The stranger was hooked. His eyes burned feverishly. "Yes, yes ", he muttered impatiently. "Of course it looked like an accident. I always work it that way -- and always at a time when the customer <t>has</t> an alibi. Let me prove it, Phil.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=have%2:40:00:: | definition=have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense | synonyms=have got, hold | examples=She has $1,000 in the bank; He has got two beautiful daughters
2. sense_key=have%2:42:00:: | definition=have as a feature | synonyms=feature | examples=This restaurant features the most famous chefs in France
3. sense_key=have%2:39:06:: | definition=go through (mental or physical states or experiences) | synonyms=experience, receive, get | examples=get an idea; experience vertigo
4. sense_key=have%2:40:04:: | definition=have ownership or possession of | synonyms=own, possess | examples=He owns three houses in Florida; How many cars does she have?
5. sense_key=have%2:30:00:: | definition=cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition | synonyms=get, let | examples=He got his squad on the ball; This let me in for a big surprise
6. sense_key=have%2:34:00:: | definition=serve oneself to, or consume regularly | synonyms=consume, ingest, take in, take | examples=Have another bowl of chicken soup!; I don't take sugar in my coffee
7. sense_key=have%2:41:00:: | definition=have a personal or business relationship with someone | examples=have a postdoc; have an assistant
8. sense_key=have%2:36:00:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, make, give | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
9. sense_key=have%2:40:01:: | definition=have left | examples=I have two years left; I don't have any money left
10. sense_key=have%2:42:12:: | definition=be confronted with | examples=What do we have here?; Now we have a fine mess
11. sense_key=have%2:30:01:: | definition=undergo | synonyms=experience | examples=The stocks had a fast run-up
12. sense_key=have%2:29:02:: | definition=suffer from; be ill with | examples=She has arthritis
13. sense_key=have%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, get, make | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
14. sense_key=have%2:40:05:: | definition=receive willingly something given or offered | synonyms=accept, take | examples=The only girl who would have him was the miller's daughter; I won't have this dog in my house!
15. sense_key=have%2:40:03:: | definition=get something; come into possession of | synonyms=receive | examples=receive payment; receive a gift
16. sense_key=have%2:29:05:: | definition=undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | synonyms=suffer, sustain, get | examples=She suffered a fracture in the accident; He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars
17. sense_key=have%2:40:02:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=get, make | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
18. sense_key=have%2:29:00:: | definition=cause to be born | synonyms=give birth, deliver, bear, birth | examples=My wife had twins yesterday!
19. sense_key=have%2:35:00:: | definition=have sex with; archaic use | synonyms=take | examples=He had taken this woman when she was most vulnerable

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "has" in the context: "always at a time when the customer has an alibi."
The meaning here is "possesses" or "has" an alibi.
Looking at the candidate senses:
1. have%2:40:00:: | definition=have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense
4. have%2:40:04:: | definition=have ownership or possession of

An alibi is an abstract concept. You "have" an alibi.
Sense 1 fits well: "have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense". Examples: "She has $1,000 in the bank; He has got two beautiful daughters". An alibi is something you possess abstractly.
Sense 4 is "have ownership or possession of" (own, possess). Examples: "He owns three houses in Florida; How many cars does she have?" Ownership implies legal ownership, which doesn't fit "alibi" perfectly as well as just "possess in an abstract sense" (Sense 1).
Sense 1's definition specifically mentions "either in a concrete or an abstract sense", which fits "an alibi".

Let's check sense 10: be confronted with. "What do we have here?". Doesn't fit.
Sense 1 is the best fit for "have an alibi".

Let's double check sense 1 vs sense 4.
Sense 1: have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense
Sense 4: have ownership or possession of

Yes, an alibi is abstract. Sense 1 explicitly includes abstract sense.

Sense index for Sense 1 is 1.
Sense index for Sense 4 is 4.

The output format should be {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: alibi
Target surface form: alibi
Context:
"But if you say you managed it "The stranger was hooked. His eyes burned feverishly. "Yes, yes ", he muttered impatiently. "Of course it looked like an accident. I always work it that way -- and always at a time when the customer has an <t>alibi</t>. Let me prove it, Phil.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=alibi%1:10:00:: | definition=(law) a defense by an accused person purporting to show that he or she could not have committed the crime in question
2. sense_key=alibi%1:10:01:: | definition=a defense of some offensive behavior or some failure to keep a promise etc. | synonyms=excuse, exculpation, self-justification | examples=he kept finding excuses to stay; every day he had a new alibi for not getting a job

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense of "alibi".

The context is about someone who works making things look like accidents, and they mention "always at a time when the customer has an alibi." This is about someone who arranges murders to look like accidents, and they make sure the customer (the person who hired them) has an alibi - meaning evidence that they couldn't have committed the crime.

Sense 1: (law) a defense by an accused person purporting to show that he or she could not have committed the crime in question

Sense 2: a defense of some offensive behavior or some failure to keep a promise etc. (synonyms: excuse, exculpation, self-justification)

The context is clearly about a legal/criminal context - someone arranging murders to look like accidents, ensuring the customer has an alibi (proof they couldn't have committed the crime). This matches sense 1, the legal definition where an alibi shows the accused person could not have committed the crime in question.

Sense 2 is more general - making excuses for behavior or failures, like "he had a new alibi for not getting a job."

The context clearly involves a criminal/illegal activity scenario where having an alibi means having a defense showing you couldn't have committed the crime. This is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: let
Target surface form: Let
Context:
The stranger was hooked. His eyes burned feverishly. "Yes, yes ", he muttered impatiently. "Of course it looked like an accident. I always work it that way -- and always at a time when the customer has an alibi. <t>Let</t> me prove it, Phil. I think I can manage one more favor for you ".

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=let%2:41:00:: | definition=make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen | synonyms=allow, permit | examples=This permits the water to rush in; This sealed door won't allow the water come into the basement
2. sense_key=let%2:32:00:: | definition=actively cause something to happen | examples=I let it be known that I was not interested
3. sense_key=let%2:32:02:: | definition=consent to, give permission | synonyms=permit, allow, countenance | examples=She permitted her son to visit her estranged husband; I won't let the police search her basement
4. sense_key=let%2:30:01:: | definition=cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition | synonyms=get, have | examples=He got his squad on the ball; This let me in for a big surprise
5. sense_key=let%2:30:00:: | definition=leave unchanged | examples=let it be
6. sense_key=let%2:40:00:: | definition=grant use or occupation of under a term of contract | synonyms=lease, rent | examples=I am leasing my country estate to some foreigners

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "Let" in the context "Let me prove it, Phil."
The sentence means "Allow me to prove it" or "Let me show you".
Looking at the candidate senses:
1. make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen (allow, permit) - This permits the water to rush in
2. actively cause something to happen - I let it be known that I was not interested
3. consent to, give permission (permit, allow, countenance) - She permitted her son to visit her estranged husband
4. cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition (get, have) - This let me in for a big surprise
5. leave unchanged - let it be
6. grant use or occupation of under a term of contract (lease, rent)

"Let me prove it" means "allow me to prove it" or "give me the opportunity to prove it."
Sense 1: make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen (allow, permit).
Sense 3: consent to, give permission (permit, allow, countenance).

Sense 1 examples: "This permits the water to rush in; This sealed door won't allow the water come into the basement"
Sense 3 examples: "She permitted her son to visit her estranged husband; I won't let the police search her basement"

"Let me prove it" involves an imperative used to make an offer or request, functioning much like "allow me" or "permit me". The closest is likely Sense 3, which involves giving permission (though in the imperative, it's a request for permission, or an idiomatic offer). Actually, wait. "Let me prove it" -> "Allow me to prove it."
Wait, Sense 1: make it possible... "allow, permit".
Sense 3: consent to, give permission... "permit, allow, countenance".

Let's look at the glosses carefully.
Sense 1: make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen
Sense 3: consent to, give permission

"Let me prove it" is a request to permit me to do it.
Another option: Sense 1 is "let" as in "let me go". In WordNet, "let" as "allow" or "permit" are often grouped. Let's see the examples.
Sense 1: "This permits the water to rush in"
Sense 3: "She permitted her son to visit her estranged husband" - notice how it's about permitting a person to do an action.
"Let me prove it" aligns with "She permitted her son to visit..." - it's permitting a person to do something.

Let's check WordNet 3.0 senses for "let":
Verb
-- S: (v) let, allow, permit (make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen) "This permits the water to rush in"; "This sealed door won't allow the water to come into the basement"; "glass doors allow them to walk in and out"
-- S: (v) let, allow, permit (consent to, give permission) "She permitted her son to visit her estranged husband"; "I won't let the police search her basement"; "I cannot allow you to see your brother"
-- S: (v) get, let, have (cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition) "He got his squad on the ball"; "This let me in for a big surprise"
-- S: (v) let (leave unchanged) "let it be"
-- S: (v) let (actively cause something to happen) "I let it be known that I was not interested"
-- S: (v) rent, lease, let (grant use or occupation of under a term of contract) "I am leasing my country estate to some foreigners"

Between Sense 1 and Sense 3:
Sense 3 example: "I won't let the police search her basement." Here, the object is a person (or entity) doing an action.
Sense 1 example: "This permits the water to rush in." Here, the object is a thing.
"Let me prove it" has a person object "me" doing an action "prove it". So it fits Sense 3's "consent to, give permission" (or its imperative counterpart, "allow me").
I will choose Sense 3.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: prove
Target surface form: prove
Context:
The stranger was hooked. His eyes burned feverishly. "Yes, yes ", he muttered impatiently. "Of course it looked like an accident. I always work it that way -- and always at a time when the customer has an alibi. Let me <t>prove</t> it, Phil. I think I can manage one more favor for you ".

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=prove%2:42:00:: | definition=be shown or be found to be | synonyms=turn out, turn up | examples=She proved to be right; The medicine turned out to save her life
2. sense_key=prove%2:31:00:: | definition=establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment | synonyms=demonstrate, establish, show, shew | examples=The experiment demonstrated the instability of the compound; The mathematician showed the validity of the conjecture
3. sense_key=prove%2:32:00:: | definition=provide evidence for | synonyms=testify, bear witness, evidence, show | examples=The blood test showed that he was the father; Her behavior testified to her incompetence
4. sense_key=prove%2:31:02:: | definition=prove formally; demonstrate by a mathematical, formal proof
5. sense_key=prove%2:41:03:: | definition=put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to | synonyms=test, try, try out, examine, essay | examples=This approach has been tried with good results; Test this recipe
6. sense_key=prove%2:38:01:: | definition=increase in volume | synonyms=rise | examples=the dough rose slowly in the warm room
7. sense_key=prove%2:38:00:: | definition=cause to puff up with a leaven | synonyms=raise, leaven | examples=unleavened bread
8. sense_key=prove%2:36:00:: | definition=take a trial impression of
9. sense_key=prove%2:31:01:: | definition=obtain probate of | examples=prove a will

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
The target word is "prove" in the context: "Let me prove it, Phil. I think I can manage one more favor for you".

Here, the stranger is offering to demonstrate or establish the validity of something (his method of making murders look like accidents). He wants to show Phil that his method works.

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. "be shown or be found to be" - This is more about something turning out to be true (e.g., "She proved to be right"). Not quite fitting here since the subject is actively proving something.

2. "establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment" - synonyms: demonstrate, establish, show. This fits well - the stranger wants to demonstrate/establish the validity of his claim.

3. "provide evidence for" - synonyms: testify, bear witness, evidence, show. This could also fit, but it's more about providing evidence rather than demonstrating.

4. "prove formally; demonstrate by a mathematical, formal proof" - Not applicable here.

5. "put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to" - Not quite fitting.

The context suggests the stranger wants to demonstrate or show that his method works. "Let me prove it" = "Let me demonstrate it / establish its validity."

Sense 2 seems like the best fit: "establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment" with synonyms like demonstrate, establish, show.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: think
Target surface form: think
Context:
His eyes burned feverishly. "Yes, yes ", he muttered impatiently. "Of course it looked like an accident. I always work it that way -- and always at a time when the customer has an alibi. Let me prove it, Phil. I <t>think</t> I can manage one more favor for you ". He waited eagerly.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=think%2:31:01:: | definition=judge or regard; look upon; judge | synonyms=believe, consider, conceive | examples=I think he is very smart; I believe her to be very smart
2. sense_key=think%2:31:03:: | definition=expect, believe, or suppose | synonyms=opine, suppose, imagine, reckon, guess | examples=I imagine she earned a lot of money with her new novel; I thought to find her in a bad state
3. sense_key=think%2:31:00:: | definition=use or exercise the mind or one's power of reason in order to make inferences, decisions, or arrive at a solution or judgments | synonyms=cogitate, cerebrate | examples=I've been thinking all day and getting nowhere
4. sense_key=think%2:31:02:: | definition=recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection | synonyms=remember, retrieve, recall, call back, call up, recollect | examples=I can't remember saying any such thing; I can't think what her last name was
5. sense_key=think%2:36:00:: | definition=imagine or visualize | examples=Just think--you could be rich one day!; Think what a scene it must have been!
6. sense_key=think%2:31:09:: | definition=focus one's attention on a certain state | examples=Think big; think thin
7. sense_key=think%2:31:06:: | definition=have in mind as a purpose | synonyms=intend, mean | examples=I mean no harm; I only meant to help you
8. sense_key=think%2:31:12:: | definition=decide by pondering, reasoning, or reflecting | examples=Can you think what to do next?
9. sense_key=think%2:31:13:: | definition=ponder; reflect on, or reason about | examples=Think the matter through; Think how hard life in Russia must be these days
10. sense_key=think%2:31:15:: | definition=dispose the mind in a certain way | examples=Do you really think so?
11. sense_key=think%2:31:14:: | definition=have or formulate in the mind | examples=think good thoughts
12. sense_key=think%2:31:08:: | definition=be capable of conscious thought | examples=Man is the only creature that thinks
13. sense_key=think%2:30:00:: | definition=bring into a given condition by mental preoccupation | examples=She thought herself into a state of panic over the final exam

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is: "I think I can manage one more favor for you."

Here, "think" means the speaker believes or supposes they can manage another favor. It's about expectation or belief about a future action.

Sense 1: judge or regard; look upon; judge - "I think he is very smart" - this is about judging someone/something
Sense 2: expect, believe, or suppose - "I imagine she earned a lot of money" - this fits well with "I think I can manage one more favor" = "I believe/suppose I can manage"
Sense 3: use or exercise the mind - cognitive process
Sense 7: have in mind as a purpose; intend, mean - "I mean no harm"

The sentence "I think I can manage one more favor for you" - this is about believing/supposing that something is possible. It's closest to sense 2 (expect, believe, or suppose).

Actually, let me reconsider. "I think I can manage" - this could be sense 1 (believe, consider) or sense 2 (expect, believe, suppose).

Sense 1 examples: "I think he is very smart" - judging/regarding
Sense 2 examples: "I imagine she earned a lot of money" - expecting/supposing

"I think I can manage one more favor" is more about believing/supposing something about a future capability, which aligns well with sense 2 (expect, believe, or suppose).

Actually, sense 1 could also work - "I believe I can manage" = "I regard it as possible that I can manage." But the examples for sense 1 are about judging someone ("he is very smart", "her to be very smart"), while sense 2 is more about supposing/believing states of affairs.

I'll go with sense 2.

provider: Ambient


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: favor
Target surface form: favor
Context:
His eyes burned feverishly. "Yes, yes ", he muttered impatiently. "Of course it looked like an accident. I always work it that way -- and always at a time when the customer has an alibi. Let me prove it, Phil. I think I can manage one more <t>favor</t> for you ". He waited eagerly.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=favor%1:04:00:: | definition=an act of gracious kindness | synonyms=favour
2. sense_key=favor%1:07:00:: | definition=an advantage to the benefit of someone or something | synonyms=favour | examples=the outcome was in his favor
3. sense_key=favor%1:09:00:: | definition=an inclination to approve | synonyms=favour | examples=that style is in favor this season
4. sense_key=favor%1:12:00:: | definition=a feeling of favorable regard | synonyms=favour
5. sense_key=favor%1:06:00:: | definition=souvenir consisting of a small gift given to a guest at a party | synonyms=party favor, party favour, favour

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "favor" in the context: "I think I can manage one more favor for you".

Here, someone is offering to do an act of gracious kindness for another person. It's not an advantage (sense 2), not an inclination to approve (sense 3), not a feeling of favorable regard (sense 4), and not a party favor/souvenir (sense 5).

Sense 1: "an act of gracious kindness" - This fits perfectly. The speaker is offering to do one more kind act/favor for Phil.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: wait
Target surface form: waited
Context:
"Yes, yes ", he muttered impatiently. "Of course it looked like an accident. I always work it that way -- and always at a time when the customer has an alibi. Let me prove it, Phil. I think I can manage one more favor for you ". He <t>waited</t> eagerly. Haney swished the liquor in the bottom of his glass.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=wait%2:42:00:: | definition=stay in one place and anticipate or expect something | examples=I had to wait on line for an hour to get the tickets
2. sense_key=wait%2:42:01:: | definition=wait before acting | synonyms=hold off, hold back | examples=the scientists held off announcing their results until they repeated the experiment
3. sense_key=wait%2:31:00:: | definition=look forward to the probable occurrence of | synonyms=expect, look, await | examples=We were expecting a visit from our relatives; She is looking to a promotion
4. sense_key=wait%2:41:00:: | definition=serve as a waiter or waitress in a restaurant | synonyms=waitress | examples=I'm waiting on tables at Maxim's

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is: "Yes, yes ", he muttered impatiently. "Of course it looked like an accident. I always work it that way -- and always at a time when the customer has an alibi. Let me prove it, Phil. I think I can manage one more favor for you ". He waited eagerly. Haney swished the liquor in the bottom of his glass.

Here "He waited eagerly" means he is staying in one place anticipating something (Haney's response or action). This is about staying in one place and anticipating or expecting something.

Sense 1: stay in one place and anticipate or expect something. Examples: I had to wait on line for an hour to get the tickets.
Sense 2: wait before acting (hold off, hold back).
Sense 3: look forward to the probable occurrence of (expect, look, await).
Sense 4: serve as a waiter or waitress.

The context is about someone waiting eagerly for Haney to respond or do something. He is staying in place and anticipating. Sense 1 seems the best fit.

Sense 3 is more about expecting something to happen (like a visit or promotion), which is a mental attitude. Sense 1 is more about the physical act of waiting in place.

Here "He waited eagerly" - he is physically present, waiting for Haney's next move. This aligns with sense 1.

Let me verify. The example for sense 1: "I had to wait on line for an hour to get the tickets" - this is about physically waiting. The context here is similar - he is waiting for Haney to do something.

I'll choose sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: liquor
Target surface form: liquor
Context:
"Of course it looked like an accident. I always work it that way -- and always at a time when the customer has an alibi. Let me prove it, Phil. I think I can manage one more favor for you ". He waited eagerly. Haney swished the <t>liquor</t> in the bottom of his glass.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=liquor%1:13:00:: | definition=an alcoholic beverage that is distilled rather than fermented | synonyms=spirits, booze, hard drink, hard liquor, John Barleycorn, strong drink
2. sense_key=liquor%1:27:00:: | definition=a liquid substance that is a solution (or emulsion or suspension) used or obtained in an industrial process | examples=waste liquors
3. sense_key=liquor%1:13:01:: | definition=the liquid in which vegetables or meat have be cooked | synonyms=pot liquor, pot likker

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is: "Haney swished the liquor in the bottom of his glass."

He is swishing liquor in a glass. This clearly refers to an alcoholic beverage that is distilled rather than fermented.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bottom
Target surface form: bottom
Context:
"Of course it looked like an accident. I always work it that way -- and always at a time when the customer has an alibi. Let me prove it, Phil. I think I can manage one more favor for you ". He waited eagerly. Haney swished the liquor in the <t>bottom</t> of his glass.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bottom%1:15:00:: | definition=the lower side of anything | synonyms=underside, undersurface
2. sense_key=bottom%1:15:01:: | definition=the lowest part of anything | examples=they started at the bottom of the hill
3. sense_key=bottom%1:08:00:: | definition=the fleshy part of the human body that you sit on | synonyms=buttocks, nates, arse, butt, backside, bum | examples=he deserves a good kick in the butt; are you going to sit on your fanny and do nothing?
4. sense_key=bottom%1:28:00:: | definition=the second half of an inning; while the home team is at bat | synonyms=bottom of the inning
5. sense_key=bottom%1:17:00:: | definition=a depression forming the ground under a body of water | synonyms=bed | examples=he searched for treasure on the ocean bed
6. sense_key=bottom%1:17:01:: | definition=low-lying alluvial land near a river | synonyms=bottomland
7. sense_key=bottom%1:06:00:: | definition=a cargo ship | synonyms=freighter, merchantman, merchant ship | examples=they did much of their overseas trade in foreign bottoms

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is "the bottom of his glass" - referring to the lower part/inside of a glass where liquor sits. This is sense 2: "the lowest part of anything" with example "they started at the bottom of the hill."

Sense 1 is "the lower side of anything" (underside/undersurface) - this would be the outside bottom surface, not the inside.

Sense 2 is "the lowest part of anything" - this fits "the bottom of his glass" where the liquor sits.

So the answer is sense_index 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: glass
Target surface form: glass
Context:
"Of course it looked like an accident. I always work it that way -- and always at a time when the customer has an alibi. Let me prove it, Phil. I think I can manage one more favor for you ". He waited eagerly. Haney swished the liquor in the bottom of his <t>glass</t>.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=glass%1:27:00:: | definition=a brittle transparent solid with irregular atomic structure
2. sense_key=glass%1:06:00:: | definition=a container for holding liquids while drinking | synonyms=drinking glass
3. sense_key=glass%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity a glass will hold | synonyms=glassful
4. sense_key=glass%1:06:03:: | definition=a small refracting telescope | synonyms=field glass, spyglass
5. sense_key=glass%1:06:01:: | definition=an amphetamine derivative (trade name Methedrine) used in the form of a crystalline hydrochloride; used as a stimulant to the nervous system and as an appetite suppressant | synonyms=methamphetamine, methamphetamine hydrochloride, Methedrine, meth, deoxyephedrine, chalk
6. sense_key=glass%1:06:02:: | definition=a mirror; usually a ladies' dressing mirror | synonyms=looking glass
7. sense_key=glass%1:06:04:: | definition=glassware collectively | examples=She collected old glass

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is: "Haney swished the liquor in the bottom of his glass."
Here, "glass" refers to a container holding liquor. The action of "swishing liquor in the bottom of his glass" indicates a drinking vessel.
Sense 2 is "a container for holding liquids while drinking".
Sense 3 is "the quantity a glass will hold".
Sense 1 is the material.
Sense 2 fits perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rout
Target surface form: rout
Context:
Tuesday's <t>rout</t> of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rout%1:14:00:: | definition=a disorderly crowd of people | synonyms=mob, rabble
2. sense_key=rout%1:11:00:: | definition=an overwhelming defeat

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is "Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful" which means an overwhelming defeat of the candidate.

Sense 1 is "a disorderly crowd of people" - doesn't fit.
Sense 2 is "an overwhelming defeat" - fits perfectly.

The answer is sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: back
Target surface form: backed
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't <t>backed</t> a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=back%2:41:00:: | definition=be behind; approve of | synonyms=endorse, indorse, plump for, plunk for, support | examples=He plumped for the Labor Party; I backed Kennedy in 1960
2. sense_key=back%2:38:00:: | definition=travel backward | examples=back into the driveway; The car backed up and hit the tree
3. sense_key=back%2:41:01:: | definition=give support or one's approval to | synonyms=second, endorse, indorse | examples=I'll second that motion; I can't back this plan
4. sense_key=back%2:38:01:: | definition=cause to travel backward | examples=back the car into the parking spot
5. sense_key=back%2:40:00:: | definition=support financial backing for | examples=back this enterprise
6. sense_key=back%2:42:00:: | definition=be in back of | examples=My garage backs their yard
7. sense_key=back%2:33:00:: | definition=place a bet on | synonyms=bet on, gage, stake, game, punt | examples=Which horse are you backing?; I'm betting on the new horse
8. sense_key=back%2:30:03:: | definition=shift to a counterclockwise direction | examples=the wind backed
9. sense_key=back%2:30:00:: | definition=establish as valid or genuine | synonyms=back up | examples=Can you back up your claims?
10. sense_key=back%2:30:01:: | definition=strengthen by providing with a back or backing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about a congressional district that "backed" a Democratic presidential candidate. This means the district supported/voted for a Democratic presidential candidate. The sense is about giving support or approval to, in a political context.

Looking at the candidates:
1. back%2:41:00:: - "be behind; approve of" - examples include "I backed Kennedy in 1960" (political backing)
3. back%2:41:01:: - "give support or one's approval to" - examples include "I can't back this plan"

Both 1 and 3 seem relevant. The example in sense 1 "I backed Kennedy in 1960" is very similar to the context of backing a presidential candidate. The context is about a district that supported/voted for a Democratic presidential candidate.

Sense 1 has the example "I backed Kennedy in 1960" which is exactly about political support for a candidate. This makes it the best match.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: democratic
Target surface form: Democratic
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a <t>Democratic</t> presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=democratic%3:00:00:: | definition=characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality; ; ; - George du Maurier | examples=democratic government; a democratic country
2. sense_key=democratic%3:01:00:: | definition=belong to or relating to the Democratic Party | examples=Democratic senator
3. sense_key=democratic%5:00:00:common:01 | definition=representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large | synonyms=popular | examples=democratic art forms; a democratic or popular movement

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context mentions "Democratic presidential candidate" and "GOP congressional hopeful", referring to political parties. The target word "Democratic" is used as an adjective referring to the Democratic Party. This matches sense 2: "belong to or relating to the Democratic Party" with the example "Democratic senator".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: presidential
Target surface form: presidential
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic <t>presidential</t> candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=presidential%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to a president or presidency | examples=presidential aides; presidential veto
2. sense_key=presidential%3:00:00:: | definition=befitting a president | examples=criticized the candidate for not looking presidential

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The context talks about a "Democratic presidential candidate" and "presidential election year". This refers to relating to a president or presidency.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: candidate
Target surface form: candidate
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential <t>candidate</t> since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=candidate%1:18:01:: | definition=a politician who is running for public office | synonyms=campaigner, nominee
2. sense_key=candidate%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) | synonyms=prospect

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "candidate" in the context: "...hasn't backed a Democratic presidential <t>candidate</t> since Adlai Stevenson..."

Sense 1: a politician who is running for public office. Synonyms: campaigner, nominee.
Sense 2: someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.). Synonyms: prospect.

In the context, it's talking about a "Democratic presidential candidate". A presidential candidate is a politician running for public office. Adlai Stevenson was a politician running for president.

Sense 1 seems more specific and appropriate here because it specifically refers to a politician running for public office, which fits "presidential candidate" perfectly. Sense 2 is more general (could be for a prize or honor).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: reminder
Target surface form: reminder
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another <t>reminder</t> that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=reminder%1:10:00:: | definition=a message that helps you remember something | examples=he ignored his wife's reminders
2. sense_key=reminder%1:09:00:: | definition=an experience that causes you to remember something
3. sense_key=reminder%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who gives a warning so that a mistake can be avoided | synonyms=admonisher, monitor

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "reminder" in the context refers to the election result serving as something that helps people remember or realize the trend of ticket splitting. It's an event/experience that causes you to remember something — the political trend.

Sense 2: "an experience that causes you to remember something" fits best here. The election result is an experience that causes people to remember/realize the trend of ticket splitting.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: federal
Target surface form: federal
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the <t>federal</t> level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=federal%5:00:00:national:01 | definition=national; especially in reference to the government of the United States as distinct from that of its member units | examples=the Federal Bureau of Investigation; federal courts
2. sense_key=federal%3:01:02:: | definition=of or relating to the central government of a federation | examples=a federal district is one set aside as the seat of the national government
3. sense_key=federal%5:00:00:northern:02 | definition=being of or having to do with the northern United States and those loyal to the Union during the American Civil War | synonyms=Union | examples=Union soldiers; Federal forces
4. sense_key=federal%3:00:00:: | definition=characterized by or constituting a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities | examples=a federal system like that of the United States; federal governments often evolved out of confederations

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about "federal level" in the context of US politics - presidential elections, congressional districts, etc. It's discussing the national government level as distinct from state or local levels.

Sense 1: national; especially in reference to the government of the United States as distinct from that of its member units
Sense 2: of or relating to the central government of a federation
Sense 4: characterized by or constituting a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities

The phrase "at the federal level" refers to the national government level (as opposed to state or local level). Sense 1 seems most appropriate as it specifically mentions "national" and the distinction from member units (states), and the examples reference US government institutions.

Sense 4 is about the form of government itself, not about the level of government.

Sense 2 is more generic about any federation, while sense 1 is specifically about the US context, which fits this context about US politics.

The answer is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: level
Target surface form: level
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal <t>level</t>, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=level%1:07:00:: | definition=a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality | synonyms=degree, grade | examples=a moderate grade of intelligence; a high level of care is required
2. sense_key=level%1:26:01:: | definition=a relative position or degree of value in a graded group | synonyms=grade, tier | examples=lumber of the highest grade
3. sense_key=level%1:26:00:: | definition=a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process | synonyms=degree, stage, point | examples=a remarkable degree of frankness; at what stage are the social sciences?
4. sense_key=level%1:07:01:: | definition=height above ground | examples=the water reached ankle level; the pictures were at the same level
5. sense_key=level%1:06:00:: | definition=indicator that establishes the horizontal when a bubble is centered in a tube of liquid | synonyms=spirit level
6. sense_key=level%1:06:03:: | definition=a flat surface at right angles to a plumb line | synonyms=horizontal surface | examples=park the car on the level
7. sense_key=level%1:09:00:: | definition=an abstract place usually conceived as having depth | synonyms=layer, stratum | examples=a good actor communicates on several levels; a simile has at least two layers of meaning
8. sense_key=level%1:06:01:: | definition=a structure consisting of a room or set of rooms at a single position along a vertical scale | synonyms=floor, storey, story | examples=what level is the office on?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "level" in the context "at the federal level".
"federal level" refers to a tier or grade in a hierarchy of government (federal, state, local).
Let's evaluate the senses.
Sense 1: degree, grade - a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality.
Sense 2: grade, tier - a relative position or degree of value in a graded group.
Sense 3: degree, stage, point - a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process.
Sense 7: layer, stratum - an abstract place usually conceived as having depth. Example: "a good actor communicates on several levels".
Wait, "federal level" refers to a tier in the hierarchy of government. So "tier" or "stratum" could fit.
Let's look at sense 2: "a relative position or degree of value in a graded group" | synonyms=grade, tier | examples=lumber of the highest grade
Sense 7: "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth" | synonyms=layer, stratum | examples=a good actor communicates on several levels; a simile has at least two layers of meaning
Wait, "federal level" usually refers to a tier. Synonyms for sense 2 are "grade, tier".
Is "federal level" an abstract place? Sense 7.
Or is it a tier? Sense 2.
Let's check WordNet for "federal level" or "level".
Often "level" in "government level" or "federal level" corresponds to sense 2 (grade, tier) or sense 7 (layer, stratum) or sense 3 (degree, stage, point).
Wait, let's look at sense 7: "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth". "levels of government".
Let's search for "levels of government" in WordNet examples. Sense 7 often has "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth; a good actor communicates on several levels; a simile has at least two layers of meaning; levels of government" - wait, WordNet sense 7 (layer, stratum) examples: "a good actor communicates on several levels", "a simile has at least two layers of meaning". But does it have "levels of government" in WordNet 3.0? No.
Let's check sense 2: "a relative position or degree of value in a graded group". Synonyms: grade, tier.
Sense 3: "degree, stage, point".
Sense 1: "degree, grade".
Wait, "level" in "federal level" means a tier in a hierarchy, like federal, state, local. These are tiers or layers.
Could it be sense 2?
Wait, in WordNet, "level" noun sense 1: degree, grade, level - a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality; "a moderate grade of intelligence"; "a high level of care is required".
Sense 2: grade, tier, level - a relative position or degree of value in a graded group; "lumber of the highest grade".
Sense 3: degree, level, stage, point - a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process; "a remarkable degree of frankness"; "at what stage are the social sciences?".
Sense 4: level - height above ground; "the water reached ankle level"; "the pictures were at the same level".
Sense 5: level, spirit level - indicator that establishes the horizontal when a bubble is centered in a tube of liquid.
Sense 6: horizontal surface, level - a flat surface at right angles to a plumb line; "park the car on the level".
Sense 7: level, layer, stratum - an abstract place usually conceived as having depth; "a good actor communicates on several levels"; "a simile has at least two layers of meaning".
Sense 8: floor, level, storey, story - a structure consisting of a room or set of rooms at a single position along a vertical scale; "what level is the office on?".

"federal level" - government is usually thought of as having levels, like layers or strata. "at the federal level" implies an abstract place.
Actually, "at the federal level" could be sense 7.
Wait! "levels of government" is a very common example for "stratum" or "layer". "a level of government".
Let's think about sense 2: "a relative position or degree of value in a graded group". Does government have value? No, it's a hierarchy, but "value" in the sense of graded group. Lumber of the highest grade. Pay grade.
"at the federal level" - it is a tier of government. But "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth" (sense 7) also fits "levels" (layers of meaning, levels of communication, levels of government). Wait, if you say "the federal level", it is an abstract place. "at least at the federal level".
Let's consider "level" as "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth". Example: "at several levels".
Wait, let's consider sense 3: "a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process". "at the federal level" is not a process.
Let's consider sense 2: "a relative position or degree of value in a graded group" -> tier. A tier of government. Tier is a synonym here.
Which sense best fits "tier"? Sense 2.
Wait, "level" = tier. Federal, state, local are tiers of government.
In WordNet, is "level of government" mapped to 1:26:01 (grade, tier) or 1:09:00 (layer, stratum)?
Actually, 1:26:01 is "grade, tier". 1:09:00 is "layer, stratum".
Is a government level a tier or a layer/stratum? "stratum" usually refers to social class or abstract layers, like "layers of meaning".
Let's look at the examples.
Sense 2: "lumber of the highest grade"
Sense 7: "a good actor communicates on several levels"
"federal level" is an administrative tier. In English, "federal level", "state level", "local level". These are often called "tiers" of government.
However, let's check "layer, stratum": "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth". Is the federal level an abstract place?
"at least at the federal level" -> "at" usually takes a place. "at ankle level", "at the same level", "at what stage", "at several levels". All senses take "at".
Wait, look at "at the federal level". Is it sense 2 or 7?
If we search for "federal level" in SemCor, what is the sense?
In SemCor, "levels of government" or "level of government" might be sense 7 (layer, stratum) or sense 2 (tier).
Let's look at Sense 2: "grade, tier". Synonyms include tier. "federal level" is synonymous with "federal tier".
Wait, "federal level" is a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process? No.
Let's look at WordNet 3.0 sense 7: "level, layer, stratum -- an abstract place usually conceived as having depth; "a good actor communicates on several levels"; "a simile has at least two layers of meaning"".
Wait, "stratum" in WordNet also means "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth" (same synset). "social strata".
If "stratum" means social class, then "level" in this synset means stratum/layer.
Government tiers are usually "tiers" (sense 2).
Wait, sense 2: "grade, tier -- a relative position or degree of value in a graded group; "lumber of the highest grade"". WordNet 3.0 also has "only males can hold this tier" ? No.
Is "federal level" a position on a scale? Sense 1: "a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality". Federal level is not a scale of intensity.
Sense 2: "a relative position or degree of value in a graded group". Graded group -> Federal, State, Local. They are a graded group.
Sense 7: "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth". Federal level as a layer.
Let's think about "at the federal level".
I am leaning towards sense 2 (grade, tier) because "federal level" refers to a tier in the hierarchy of government.
But wait. "at the federal level" - is it a "layer"? Like "levels of abstraction".
If we look at "tiers of government", "level" is often translated to "tier" in other languages. But in WordNet, does "federal level" fall under tier?
Let's check Sense 7 examples: "a good actor communicates on several levels". "several levels" of meaning, communication, abstraction. "federal level" is a level of organization, which is an abstract place.
Actually, there is another sense in some WordNet versions: "a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process". "at the federal level" might be sense 3, if it's a stage in a process? No.
Let's reconsider Sense 1: degree, grade. "a high level of care".
What about sense 7? "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth".
If someone says "at the federal level", "level" acts as a domain or sphere. "at the federal level" = in the federal government. It is a stratum/layer of government.
Let's choose Sense 2: grade, tier. "tier" is a direct synonym for hierarchical levels. Federal, state, local are tiers.
Let's look at sense 7: "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth". Synonyms: layer, stratum.
I will bet on Sense 2 (grade, tier) or Sense 7 (layer, stratum).
Wait, in WordNet, "level" as in "federal level" or "local level" is often sense 2 or 7. But "level" in "at the federal level" might be sense 2 because "tier" is a synonym. Let's check if "tier" is a synonym in WordNet for "level". Yes, "grade, tier, level -- a relative position or degree of value in a graded group".
Also, "level" in "state level", "federal level", "national level" - is it a "tier"?
Yes, "tiers of government". So sense 2 seems very strong.
Wait, "degree of value in a graded group" - federal level has a higher degree of value? Federal > State > Local? In terms of hierarchy, yes.
Is it an abstract place? "an abstract place usually conceived as having depth". Federal government is an abstract place?
Let's check if there's an example in WordNet for "levels of government" under sense 7. I don't think so. The examples are "a good actor communicates on several levels", "a simile has at least two layers of meaning".
Wait, does "level of government" belong to "layer, stratum"? In many ontologies, levels of government are considered "tiers". So sense 2.
Let me choose sense 2.
Wait, could it be Sense 1? "a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality". No.
Sense 3? "degree, stage, point". No.
Sense 7? "layer, stratum".
Let's look at the synonyms: Sense 2: "grade, tier".
If the context is "federal level", "federal tier" makes perfect sense.
I'll output 2.

provider: GMICloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: political
Target surface form: political
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, <t>political</t> "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=political%3:00:00:: | definition=involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians; - Daniel Goleman | examples=calling a meeting is a political act in itself; political pressure
2. sense_key=political%3:01:01:: | definition=of or relating to your views about social relationships involving authority or power | examples=political opinions
3. sense_key=political%3:01:02:: | definition=of or relating to the profession of governing | examples=political career

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "political" in the context: "another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political 'ticket splitting' has been on the rise over the past half century."

The context discusses congressional districts, presidential candidates, ticket splitting between parties (GOP, Democratic), and elections.

Sense 1: "involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians" - examples: "calling a meeting is a political act in itself; political pressure"
Sense 2: "of or relating to your views about social relationships involving authority or power" - examples: "political opinions"
Sense 3: "of or relating to the profession of governing" - examples: "political career"

The phrase "political 'ticket splitting'" refers to ticket splitting in the context of politics, parties, and elections. It's about the act of voting for candidates of different parties for different offices.

Sense 1 seems most appropriate because it's about politics, parties, and politicians - the ticket splitting is a characteristic behavior in the political/party system.

Sense 2 is more about views/opinions regarding social relationships and authority/power.
Sense 3 is about the profession of governing.

"Political ticket splitting" refers to the phenomenon where voters split their tickets between parties. This is characteristic of politics and parties, so Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: past
Target surface form: past
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the <t>past</t> half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=past%3:00:00:: | definition=earlier than the present time; no longer current | examples=time past; his youth is past
2. sense_key=past%5:00:00:outgoing:00 | definition=of a person who has held and relinquished a position or office | synonyms=preceding, retiring | examples=a retiring member of the board

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "past" in the context "over the past half century."

Sense 1: "earlier than the present time; no longer current" with examples "time past; his youth is past"
Sense 2: "of a person who has held and relinquished a position or office" with synonyms "preceding, retiring" and example "a retiring member of the board"

In the context "over the past half century," "past" refers to the time period of the last half century - earlier than the present time. This clearly matches Sense 1.

Sense 2 refers to a person who has held and relinquished a position, which doesn't fit the context at all.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: presidential
Target surface form: presidential
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one <t>presidential</t> election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=presidential%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to a president or presidency | examples=presidential aides; presidential veto
2. sense_key=presidential%3:00:00:: | definition=befitting a president | examples=criticized the candidate for not looking presidential

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "presidential" and it's used in the context of "Democratic presidential candidate" and "presidential election year". Both of these usages relate to a president or presidency - specifically referring to the election of a president or a candidate running for president. This matches sense 1: "relating to a president or presidency".

Sense 2 is about "befitting a president" as in "looking presidential" - this is about the appearance or demeanor befitting a president, which doesn't apply here.

The answer is sense 1.

provider: Decart


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: election
Target surface form: election
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential <t>election</t> year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=election%1:04:01:: | definition=a vote to select the winner of a position or political office | examples=the results of the election will be announced tonight
2. sense_key=election%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of selecting someone or something; the exercise of deliberate choice | examples=her election of medicine as a profession
3. sense_key=election%1:26:00:: | definition=the status or fact of being elected | examples=they celebrated his election
4. sense_key=election%1:09:00:: | definition=the predestination of some individuals as objects of divine mercy (especially as conceived by Calvinists)

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about a "presidential election year" and discusses voting for candidates for political offices (White House, House of Representatives). This clearly refers to a vote to select the winner of a political office.

Sense 1: "a vote to select the winner of a position or political office" - this fits perfectly.
Sense 2: "the act of selecting someone or something; the exercise of deliberate choice" - this is more general, like choosing a profession.
Sense 3: "the status or fact of being elected" - this is about the status after being elected.
Sense 4: theological concept - not relevant.

The best sense is 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: year
Target surface form: year
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election <t>year</t> prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=year%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days | synonyms=twelvemonth, yr | examples=she is 4 years old; in the year 1920
2. sense_key=year%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity | examples=a school year
3. sense_key=year%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun | examples=a Martian year takes 687 of our days
4. sense_key=year%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who graduate together | synonyms=class | examples=the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "year" appears in the phrase "presidential election year prior to 1948". This refers to a calendar year (a period of 365/366 days) in which a presidential election occurs. The sense here is about a calendar year, a period of time containing 365 or 366 days.

Sense 1: a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days - examples include "in the year 1920", which matches "presidential election year prior to 1948" (referring to a specific calendar year).

Sense 2: a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year used for some particular activity (like a school year) - doesn't fit.

Sense 3: the period of time it takes for a planet to make a complete revolution around the sun - doesn't fit.

Sense 4: a body of students who graduate together - doesn't fit.

The best sense is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: nation
Target surface form: nation
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the <t>nation</t>'s congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=nation%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=state, country, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
2. sense_key=nation%1:14:01:: | definition=the people who live in a nation or country | synonyms=land, country | examples=a statement that sums up the nation's mood; the news was announced to the nation
3. sense_key=nation%1:18:00:: | definition=United States prohibitionist who raided saloons and destroyed bottles of liquor with a hatchet (1846-1911) | synonyms=Carry Nation, Carry Amelia Moore Nation
4. sense_key=nation%1:14:02:: | definition=a federation of tribes (especially Native American tribes) | examples=the Shawnee nation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "nation" in the context: "In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives."

Here, "nation" refers to the United States as a political entity/country.
- Sense 1: a politically organized body of people under a single government (state, country, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic). Examples: "the state has elected a new president; African nations"
- Sense 2: the people who live in a nation or country (land, country). Examples: "a statement that sums up the nation's mood; the news was announced to the nation"
- Sense 3: Carry Nation (the prohibitionist) - clearly not.
- Sense 4: a federation of tribes - clearly not.

Between sense 1 and sense 2:
The context talks about "the nation's congressional districts" - this is referring to the political/geographical entity of the country (the United States) and its congressional districts. This is about the political organization and structure of the country, not just the people. "Congressional districts" are a governmental/political construct. So sense 1 (a politically organized body of people under a single government) seems more appropriate than sense 2 (the people who live in a nation or country).

Wait, let me reconsider. "The nation's congressional districts" - this is talking about the country's districts. Sense 1 is about the political entity/government organization. Sense 2 is about the people who live in a nation.

Since "congressional districts" is a political/geographical concept related to the organized political structure of the country, sense 1 seems best. The "nation" here is the politically organized body - the United States as a country/state.

Actually, let me reconsider again. "The nation's congressional districts" - this could be referring to the country as a whole (its districts). The phrase "the nation's" here is possessive, indicating the districts belonging to the nation. Congressional districts are part of the political organization of the country.

Sense 1 definition: "a politically organized body of people under a single government" - this is the political entity, the state/country.
Sense 2 definition: "the people who live in a nation or country" - this is the populace.

The context discusses congressional districts, presidential elections, and the House of Representatives - all political/governmental structures. "The nation's congressional districts" refers to the districts within the country (the political entity). So sense 1 fits best.

The answer is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: choose
Target surface form: choose
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts <t>choose</t> a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=choose%2:31:00:: | definition=pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives | synonyms=take, select, pick out | examples=Take any one of these cards; Choose a good husband for your daughter
2. sense_key=choose%2:31:02:: | definition=select as an alternative over another | synonyms=prefer, opt | examples=I always choose the fish over the meat courses in this restaurant; She opted for the job on the East coast
3. sense_key=choose%2:31:01:: | definition=see fit or proper to act in a certain way; decide to act in a certain way | examples=She chose not to attend classes and now she failed the exam

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "choose" in the sentence: "In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives."

Context: The sentence talks about congressional districts selecting (voting for) a different party's candidate for different positions (White House vs. House of Representatives). This is about picking one option over another.

Sense 1: pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives (take, select, pick out). Examples: "Take any one of these cards", "Choose a good husband for your daughter".
Sense 2: select as an alternative over another (prefer, opt). Examples: "I always choose the fish over the meat courses in this restaurant", "She opted for the job on the East coast".
Sense 3: see fit or proper to act in a certain way; decide to act in a certain way. Example: "She chose not to attend classes".

The context here is about districts choosing one party's candidate over another party's candidate. The structure is "choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives."
It's comparing choosing one candidate for one position vs. another candidate for another position. Wait, no. It says districts "choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives." This means they select Candidate A for the White House, and Candidate B (from a different party) for the House. This action is explicitly selecting an alternative over another.
Sense 2 says "select as an alternative over another" and the example is "choose the fish over the meat". Here the districts are choosing one party's candidate over another, effectively splitting the ticket.
Let's look at Sense 1: pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives.
Sense 2: select as an alternative over another. "choose [A] over [B]" or "choose [A] than [B]".
In the text: "choose a different party's candidate ... than ..."
This strongly aligns with Sense 2's definition "select as an alternative over another" and the examples which involve choosing one thing *over* another. The comparative structure "a different party's candidate ... than for the House" implies choosing one over the other, or at least selecting in a comparative way.
Actually, voting in an election is selecting a candidate. Do they select from a number of alternatives (Sense 1) or select as an alternative over another (Sense 2)?
The text is "choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House". It means choosing candidate A for White House, while choosing candidate B for House. Is this choosing *over* another? It's choosing differently for the two roles. But the phrasing "a different ... than ..." mirrors the comparative aspect of Sense 2. Also, "choose" in the context of voting is often just "select from a number of alternatives" (Sense 1). But let's look at the text: "choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House". They vote for someone. Voting is picking from a number of alternatives. Does Sense 2 fit better? Sense 2 means to prefer one over the other. Here they are choosing a candidate *for the White House*, not necessarily choosing the White House candidate *over* the House candidate. Wait, they are choosing White House candidate A and House candidate B. They aren't preferring White House candidate A *over* House candidate B, since they get both.
Let's re-read the sentence: "In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives."
This means: Of the candidates for the White House, the district chose the candidate of Party A. For the House, the district chose the candidate of Party B. The act of "choosing" a candidate in an election is picking from a number of alternatives on the ballot. Thus Sense 1 "pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives" fits perfectly. Sense 2 implies choosing A over B in the same category, like "I chose the fish over the meat" (as the main course).
Here, they are picking a candidate for the White House. The fact that they picked a different one for the House is a separate action, although described in the same sentence. They choose from a number of alternatives (the candidates).
Also, ticket splitting means voting for candidates of different parties for different offices. The act of voting is selecting a candidate.
Sense 1 seems more appropriate for "choose a candidate". You choose a candidate from the ballot.
Let's double check. "choose a candidate" -> select from a number of alternatives. Sense 1.
Wait, the sentence says "choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House". Does this mean "choose [candidate A] over [candidate B] for the White House"? No, it means "choose [candidate A] for the White House, as opposed to [candidate A] which they chose for the House". Actually, "choose a different party's candidate for the White House than [the party's candidate they chose] for the House". It's an act of selection from a set of candidates. Sense 1.
Is it Sense 2? "I always choose the fish over the meat courses in this restaurant." Here, you only get one course, so you choose one over the other. In the election, you get a White House candidate and a House candidate. You are not choosing the White House candidate OVER the House candidate; you are selecting one for each office. So the "over another" aspect of Sense 2 doesn't strictly apply to the choice being made between the two. You are choosing *from* the candidates for each office.
Therefore, Sense 1 "pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives" is the best fit.

Let me review Sense 1 and 2 again.
1: pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives
2: select as an alternative over another

In the context of elections, "choose a candidate" means to select from the candidates running for that office. "I choose the fish over the meat" is a preference for one main course over another.
In "choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House", the choice is for a candidate, which comes from a set of alternatives (the ballot).
So Sense 1 is the correct one.

Let's quickly check Sense 3: "see fit or proper to act in a certain way". Not applicable.

So the answer should be Sense 1.