[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: reduce
Target surface form: reduced
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose <t>reduced</t>, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=reduce%2:30:00:: | definition=cut down on; make a reduction in | synonyms=cut down, cut back, trim, trim down, trim back, cut | examples=reduce your daily fat intake; The employer wants to cut back health benefits
2. sense_key=reduce%2:30:06:: | definition=make less complex | examples=reduce a problem to a single question
3. sense_key=reduce%2:41:00:: | definition=bring to humbler or weaker state or condition | examples=He reduced the population to slavery
4. sense_key=reduce%2:40:04:: | definition=simplify the form of a mathematical equation of expression by substituting one term for another
5. sense_key=reduce%2:37:00:: | definition=lower in grade or rank or force somebody into an undignified situation | examples=She reduced her niece to a servant
6. sense_key=reduce%2:30:11:: | definition=be the essential element | synonyms=come down, boil down | examples=The proposal boils down to a compromise
7. sense_key=reduce%2:30:05:: | definition=reduce in size; reduce physically | synonyms=shrink | examples=Hot water will shrink the sweater; Can you shrink this image?
8. sense_key=reduce%2:40:00:: | definition=lessen and make more modest | examples=reduce one's standard of living
9. sense_key=reduce%2:30:04:: | definition=make smaller | synonyms=scale down | examples=reduce an image
10. sense_key=reduce%2:30:03:: | definition=to remove oxygen from a compound, or cause to react with hydrogen or form a hydride, or to undergo an increase in the number of electrons | synonyms=deoxidize, deoxidise
11. sense_key=reduce%2:30:01:: | definition=narrow or limit | synonyms=tighten | examples=reduce the influx of foreigners
12. sense_key=reduce%2:41:03:: | definition=put down by force or intimidation | synonyms=repress, quash, keep down, subdue, subjugate | examples=The government quashes any attempt of an uprising; China keeps down her dissidents very efficiently
13. sense_key=reduce%2:35:00:: | definition=undergo meiosis | examples=The cells reduce
14. sense_key=reduce%2:35:01:: | definition=reposition (a broken bone after surgery) back to its normal site
15. sense_key=reduce%2:30:12:: | definition=destress and thus weaken a sound when pronouncing it
16. sense_key=reduce%2:30:08:: | definition=reduce in scope while retaining essential elements | synonyms=abridge, foreshorten, abbreviate, shorten, cut, contract | examples=The manuscript must be shortened
17. sense_key=reduce%2:30:10:: | definition=be cooked until very little liquid is left | synonyms=boil down, decoct, concentrate | examples=The sauce should reduce to one cup
18. sense_key=reduce%2:30:02:: | definition=cook until very little liquid is left | synonyms=boil down, concentrate | examples=The cook reduced the sauce by boiling it for a long time
19. sense_key=reduce%2:30:09:: | definition=lessen the strength or flavor of a solution or mixture | synonyms=dilute, thin, thin out, cut | examples=cut bourbon
20. sense_key=reduce%2:29:00:: | definition=take off weight | synonyms=melt off, lose weight, slim, slenderize, thin, slim down

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about medical treatment, specifically about adjusting the dose of Alimta. "Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal..."

Here, "reduced" means to make the dose smaller, to cut down on the dose. This aligns with sense 1: "cut down on; make a reduction in" or sense 9: "make smaller" (synonyms: scale down).

Sense 1: cut down on; make a reduction in. Examples: reduce your daily fat intake; The employer wants to cut back health benefits.
Sense 9: make smaller. Synonyms: scale down. Examples: reduce an image.

Both seem plausible. Let me think about which is better.

Sense 1 is about "cut down on; make a reduction in" - this is about reducing quantity/amount, like reducing fat intake or cutting back benefits.

Sense 9 is "make smaller" with synonym "scale down" and example "reduce an image" - this seems more about physical size.

The dose being reduced is about making the amount/quantity smaller. Sense 1 seems more appropriate as it's about reducing an amount (like "reduce your daily fat intake" - reducing an amount). The dose is an amount that is being cut down.

Actually, "reduce the dose" is very similar to "reduce your daily fat intake" - both are about reducing the quantity of something administered/consumed.

I'll go with sense 1.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: patients
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in <t>patients</t> whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The context is about medical care, specifically about patients receiving treatment with Alimta (an anticancer drug). The word "patients" refers to people who require medical care.

Sense 1: a person who requires medical care - this fits perfectly.
Sense 2: the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause - this is a linguistic/grammatical sense, not applicable here.

The answer is sense 1.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Baidu

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: blood_count
Target surface form: blood counts
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose <t>blood counts</t> are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=blood_count%1:23:00:: | definition=the number of red and white corpuscles in a blood sample
2. sense_key=blood_count%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of estimating the number of red and white corpuscles in a blood sample

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context says "patients whose blood counts are abnormal". This refers to the actual count/number of blood cells, not the act of counting them. A patient's blood count being "abnormal" means the number of corpuscles is abnormal.

Sense 1: the number of red and white corpuscles in a blood sample - this is the count as a number/result.
Sense 2: the act of estimating the number - this is the procedure.

"patients whose blood counts are abnormal" - this means the numbers are abnormal, so sense 1 fits.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: abnormal
Target surface form: abnormal
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are <t>abnormal</t> or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=abnormal%3:00:00:: | definition=not normal; not typical or usual or regular or conforming to a norm | synonyms=unnatural | examples=abnormal powers of concentration; abnormal amounts of rain
2. sense_key=abnormal%3:00:03:: | definition=departing from the normal in e.g. intelligence and development | examples=they were heartbroken when they learned their child was abnormal; an abnormal personality
3. sense_key=abnormal%5:00:00:immoderate:00 | definition=much greater than the normal | examples=abnormal profits; abnormal ambition

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about blood counts being abnormal in patients receiving chemotherapy.
"patients whose blood counts are abnormal"
This refers to blood counts that are not normal - not typical or usual or conforming to a norm.
Sense 1 is "not normal; not typical or usual or regular or conforming to a norm".
Sense 2 is about intelligence and development.
Sense 3 is "much greater than the normal".
Abnormal blood counts in chemotherapy usually means low blood counts (like neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia), so it's not "much greater". It just means "not normal".
Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: have
Target surface form: have
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who <t>have</t> certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=have%2:40:00:: | definition=have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense | synonyms=have got, hold | examples=She has $1,000 in the bank; He has got two beautiful daughters
2. sense_key=have%2:42:00:: | definition=have as a feature | synonyms=feature | examples=This restaurant features the most famous chefs in France
3. sense_key=have%2:39:06:: | definition=go through (mental or physical states or experiences) | synonyms=experience, receive, get | examples=get an idea; experience vertigo
4. sense_key=have%2:40:04:: | definition=have ownership or possession of | synonyms=own, possess | examples=He owns three houses in Florida; How many cars does she have?
5. sense_key=have%2:30:00:: | definition=cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition | synonyms=get, let | examples=He got his squad on the ball; This let me in for a big surprise
6. sense_key=have%2:34:00:: | definition=serve oneself to, or consume regularly | synonyms=consume, ingest, take in, take | examples=Have another bowl of chicken soup!; I don't take sugar in my coffee
7. sense_key=have%2:41:00:: | definition=have a personal or business relationship with someone | examples=have a postdoc; have an assistant
8. sense_key=have%2:36:00:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, make, give | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
9. sense_key=have%2:40:01:: | definition=have left | examples=I have two years left; I don't have any money left
10. sense_key=have%2:42:12:: | definition=be confronted with | examples=What do we have here?; Now we have a fine mess
11. sense_key=have%2:30:01:: | definition=undergo | synonyms=experience | examples=The stocks had a fast run-up
12. sense_key=have%2:29:02:: | definition=suffer from; be ill with | examples=She has arthritis
13. sense_key=have%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, get, make | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
14. sense_key=have%2:40:05:: | definition=receive willingly something given or offered | synonyms=accept, take | examples=The only girl who would have him was the miller's daughter; I won't have this dog in my house!
15. sense_key=have%2:40:03:: | definition=get something; come into possession of | synonyms=receive | examples=receive payment; receive a gift
16. sense_key=have%2:29:05:: | definition=undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | synonyms=suffer, sustain, get | examples=She suffered a fracture in the accident; He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars
17. sense_key=have%2:40:02:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=get, make | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
18. sense_key=have%2:29:00:: | definition=cause to be born | synonyms=give birth, deliver, bear, birth | examples=My wife had twins yesterday!
19. sense_key=have%2:35:00:: | definition=have sex with; archaic use | synonyms=take | examples=He had taken this woman when she was most vulnerable

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "have" in the context: "...patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects."

The context is about patients experiencing side effects.
Let's look at the candidate senses.
12. suffer from; be ill with | examples=She has arthritis
16. undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | synonyms=suffer, sustain, get | examples=She suffered a fracture in the accident; He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars
3. go through (mental or physical states or experiences) | synonyms=experience, receive, get | examples=get an idea; experience vertigo

"who have certain other side effects"
Sense 16 says "undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | synonyms=suffer, sustain, get" - examples are "She suffered a fracture", "He had an insulin shock". This fits perfectly with having side effects.
Wait, sense 12 says "suffer from; be ill with" - "She has arthritis".
Side effects are injuries/illnesses caused by medicine, so sense 16 seems very appropriate.
Let's see sense 16: "undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | synonyms=suffer, sustain, get | examples=She suffered a fracture in the accident; He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars"
Let's see sense 3: "go through (mental or physical states or experiences) | synonyms=experience, receive, get | examples=get an idea; experience vertigo"

But "side effects" aligns perfectly with "undergo (as of injuries and illnesses)" or "suffer from".
I'll pick 16. "undergo (as of injuries and illnesses)"
Wait, is it 16? "He had an insulin shock" matches "have certain other side effects".
Sense 16 index is 16.

Let me double check the index numbering.
1. have%2:40:00::
2. have%2:42:00::
3. have%2:39:06::
4. have%2:40:04::
5. have%2:30:00::
6. have%2:34:00::
7. have%2:41:00::
8. have%2:36:00::
9. have%2:40:01::
10. have%2:42:12::
11. have%2:36:00::
12. have%2:29:02:: (suffer from; be ill with)
13. have%2:32:00::
14. have%2:40:05::
15. have%2:40:03::
16. have%2:29:05:: (undergo (as of injuries and illnesses))
17. have%2:40:02::
18. have%2:29:00::
19. have%2:35:00::

Context: "who have certain other side effects."
Sense 16 is definitely the best fit for experiencing side effects, which are adverse medical events.
"undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | synonyms=suffer, sustain, get | examples=She suffered a fracture in the accident; He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars"
Matches perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: certain
Target surface form: certain
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have <t>certain</t> other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=certain%5:00:00:definite:00 | definition=definite but not specified or identified | examples=set aside a certain sum each week; to a certain degree
2. sense_key=certain%3:00:02:: | definition=having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured | synonyms=sure | examples=felt certain of success; was sure (or certain) she had seen it
3. sense_key=certain%3:00:01:: | definition=established beyond doubt or question; definitely known | examples=what is certain is that every effect must have a cause; it is certain that they were on the bus
4. sense_key=certain%3:00:03:: | definition=certain to occur; destined or inevitable; ; ; - Benjamin Franklin | synonyms=sure | examples=he was certain to fail; his fate is certain
5. sense_key=certain%3:00:05:: | definition=established irrevocably | synonyms=sealed | examples=his fate is sealed
6. sense_key=certain%5:00:00:reliable:00 | definition=reliable in operation or effect | synonyms=sure | examples=a quick and certain remedy; a sure way to distinguish the two
7. sense_key=certain%5:00:00:careful:00 | definition=exercising or taking care great enough to bring assurance | synonyms=sure | examples=be certain to disconnect the iron when you are through; be sure to lock the doors

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "certain" appears in the phrase "who have certain other side effects."

Here, "certain" means "definite but not specified or identified" - i.e., particular but unspecified side effects. This matches sense 1: "definite but not specified or identified" with examples like "set aside a certain sum each week; to a certain degree."

The context is about patients who have particular (but unnamed) other side effects. This is the indefinite/unspecified use of "certain."

Sense 1 is the best match.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: other
Target surface form: other
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain <t>other</t> side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
2. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening
3. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=belonging to the distant past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "other" in the context: "...patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects."

Here, "other" means "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied." The side effects already mentioned or implied are blood count abnormalities. "Other side effects" refers to side effects that are different from those already mentioned.

Sense 1: "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied" - this fits perfectly. The "other side effects" are side effects not the same as the blood count abnormalities already mentioned.

Sense 2: "recently past" - doesn't fit
Sense 3: "belonging to the distant past" - doesn't fit
Sense 4: "very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected" - doesn't fit the context

The answer is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: side_effect
Target surface form: side effects
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other <t>side effects</t>. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=side_effect%1:26:00:: | definition=a secondary and usually adverse effect of a drug or therapy | examples=severe headaches are one of the side effects of the drug
2. sense_key=side_effect%1:19:00:: | definition=any adverse and unwanted secondary effect | synonyms=fallout | examples=a strategy to contain the fallout from the accounting scandal

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target lemma is "side_effect" with surface form "side effects".
Context is about a drug (Alimta) and its adverse effects on patients during therapy.
Sense 1: definition="a secondary and usually adverse effect of a drug or therapy" | examples="severe headaches are one of the side effects of the drug"
Sense 2: definition="any adverse and unwanted secondary effect" | synonyms="fallout" | examples="a strategy to contain the fallout from the accounting scandal"

The context clearly refers to the adverse effect of a drug or therapy ("side effects", "treatment with Alimta", "dose reduced", "blood counts are abnormal").
Sense 1 matches perfectly.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: use
Target surface form: use
Context:
The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for <t>use</t> in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=use%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of using | synonyms=usage, utilization, utilisation, employment, exercise | examples=he warned against the use of narcotic drugs; skilled in the utilization of computers
2. sense_key=use%1:07:00:: | definition=what something is used for | synonyms=function, purpose, role | examples=the function of an auger is to bore holes; ballet is beautiful but what use is it?
3. sense_key=use%1:07:02:: | definition=a particular service | examples=he put his knowledge to good use; patrons have their uses
4. sense_key=use%1:22:00:: | definition=(economics) the utilization of economic goods to satisfy needs or in manufacturing | synonyms=consumption, economic consumption, usance, use of goods and services | examples=the consumption of energy has increased steadily
5. sense_key=use%1:04:01:: | definition=(psychology) an automatic pattern of behavior in reaction to a specific situation; may be inherited or acquired through frequent repetition | synonyms=habit | examples=owls have nocturnal habits; she had a habit twirling the ends of her hair
6. sense_key=use%1:04:02:: | definition=exerting shrewd or devious influence especially for one's own advantage | synonyms=manipulation | examples=his manipulation of his friends was scandalous
7. sense_key=use%1:07:03:: | definition=(law) the exercise of the legal right to enjoy the benefits of owning property | synonyms=enjoyment | examples=we were given the use of his boat

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "use" appears in the phrase "Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems."

Here, "use" refers to the act of using Alimta (the drug) in patients. It's about the act of using/administering the medication.

Sense 1: "the act of using" with synonyms like usage, utilization, employment. Examples: "he warned against the use of narcotic drugs; skilled in the utilization of computers"

This fits perfectly - "not recommended for use in patients" means "not recommended for the act of using [Alimta] in patients."

Sense 2 is about "what something is used for" (function/purpose) - not quite right.
Sense 3 is about "a particular service" - not right.
Sense 4 is about economic consumption - not right.
Sense 5 is about habit - not right.
Sense 6 is about manipulation - not right.
Sense 7 is about legal right to enjoy property - not right.

Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: patients
Context:
The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in <t>patients</t> with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: The target word "patients" in the context refers to people receiving medical care (Alimta treatment). Sense 1 is "a person who requires medical care" which fits perfectly. Sense 2 is about grammatical/semantic role, which doesn't fit here.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: moderate
Target surface form: moderate
Context:
The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with <t>moderate</t> or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=moderate%3:00:00:: | definition=being within reasonable or average limits; not excessive or extreme | examples=moderate prices; a moderate income
2. sense_key=moderate%5:00:00:mild:00 | definition=not extreme | synonyms=temperate | examples=a moderate penalty; temperate in his response to criticism
3. sense_key=moderate%5:00:00:temperate:00 | definition=marked by avoidance of extravagance or extremes | synonyms=restrained | examples=moderate in his demands; restrained in his response

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "moderate" in the context "patients with moderate or severe kidney problems."
Here, "moderate" describes the severity of kidney problems. It means "not extreme" or "within reasonable or average limits; not excessive or extreme".
Sense 1: being within reasonable or average limits; not excessive or extreme. Examples: moderate prices; a moderate income.
Sense 2: not extreme. Synonyms: temperate. Examples: a moderate penalty; temperate in his response to criticism.
Sense 3: marked by avoidance of extravagance or extremes. Synonyms: restrained. Examples: moderate in his demands; restrained in his response.

In medical contexts, "moderate" often describes the degree or severity of a condition (e.g., moderate kidney problems, moderate pain), meaning it is neither mild nor severe, but "not extreme" or "not excessive or extreme".
Wait, sense 2 says "not extreme" and gives "a moderate penalty". "Moderate or severe kidney problems" is essentially "moderate to severe", meaning it is of a medium degree.
Sense 1: "being within reasonable or average limits; not excessive or extreme". This fits "moderate kidney problems".
Sense 2: "not extreme". Fits as well. Synonyms: temperate.
Sense 3: "marked by avoidance of extravagance or extremes", "restrained" - this applies more to behavior or demands.

Looking at the collocation "moderate or severe", it implies a level of intensity or severity.
Sense 1 is "being within reasonable or average limits; not excessive or extreme". "Moderate prices", "moderate income" are both about quantity/degree.
Sense 2 is "not extreme", "a moderate penalty" - penalty is also about degree/intensity.
Sense 1 is an adjective derived from the noun/verb moderate. In WordNet, "moderate%3:00:00::" is usually the general adjective sense. "moderate%5:..." are also adjectives.
Let's check WordNet:
moderate%3:00:00:: being within reasonable or average limits; not excessive or extreme; "moderate prices"; "a moderate income"; "a moderate fine"; "demands moderate training"
moderate%5:00:00:mild:00 not extreme; "a moderate penalty"; "temperate in his response to criticism"
moderate%5:00:00:temperate:00 marked by avoidance of extravagance or extremes; "moderate in his demands"; "restrained in his response"

"moderate or severe kidney problems" -> intensity/severity. "Severe" is the extreme. "Moderate" is not extreme.
Actually, "moderate" is contrasted with "severe". Severe is extreme. So moderate is "not extreme". But Sense 1 is "being within reasonable or average limits; not excessive or extreme". Both 1 and 2 have "not ... extreme". "Not extreme" is the exact definition for 2.
Sense 1's definition: "being within reasonable or average limits; not excessive or extreme".
Sense 2's definition: "not extreme".
Sense 3's definition: "marked by avoidance of extravagance or extremes".

"moderate kidney problems" means the kidney problems are of a medium level.
Is it Sense 1? "moderate prices, a moderate income" - implies average/medium. Kidney problems being "moderate" means they are medium/average severity. "not excessive or extreme".
Let's see: Sense 1 often translates to words like average, medium. Sense 2 might be closer to "mild" but not quite, wait, the sense key for 2 is "moderate%5:00:00:mild:00". So it is related to "mild", which means not extreme.
"moderate or severe" -> severe is extreme. So moderate here is "not extreme".
Wait, in medical terminology, "mild, moderate, severe" are the three typical grades. "Mild" is "mild". "Moderate" is "moderate". "Severe" is "severe".
If the text says "moderate or severe", it corresponds to "not extreme (moderate) or extreme (severe)".
However, Sense 1 has "not excessive or extreme", examples include "moderate prices", "a moderate income". Sense 2 has "not extreme", example "a moderate penalty".
Sense 2 is "moderate%5:00:00:mild:00". In WordNet, "mild" has a sense "mild and pleasant; not severe" or similar. "mild%3:00:00::". Wait, WordNet 3.0:
moderate (adj) being within reasonable or average limits; not excessive or extreme (moderate prices...)
moderate (adj) not extreme (a moderate penalty...)
moderate (adj) marked by avoidance of extravagance or extremes (moderate in his demands...)
Is there a better fit?
"moderate or severe kidney problems" - the contrast is between moderate (not extreme) and severe (extreme).
Actually, moderate kidney problems means the impairment is neither mild nor severe.
Sense 1 covers "moderate prices", "moderate income" - things that are of a medium degree.
Sense 2 covers "a moderate penalty" - penalty here is a punishment, its degree.
I'll bet on Sense 1, as it is the primary, most general sense for "moderate" meaning "medium / average / not excessive or extreme" for things like prices, income, and medical conditions (e.g., moderate pain, moderate kidney problems). Wait, "moderate pain" in WordNet is often under Sense 1 or 2?
Actually, Sense 2 is derived from "mild" in WordNet: `moderate, temperate (not extreme; "a moderate penalty"; "temperate in his response to criticism")`
Let's check if "moderate" in "moderate or severe" is Sense 1.
"moderate prices; a moderate income; a moderate fine; demands moderate training" -> these are examples of Sense 1.
Wait, "moderate fine" and "moderate penalty" are very similar! But they belong to different senses?
Ah, "a moderate fine" is in Sense 1. "a moderate penalty" is in Sense 2.
Why? Because Sense 2 is linked to "temperate". "temperate in his response" is about behavior/emotion. "a moderate penalty" is just an example?
Actually, Sense 1 is about limits and quantity: "within reasonable or average limits".
Kidney problems being "moderate" means their severity is within average/medium limits, not excessive or extreme.
Sense 1 is generally the default for medical conditions (e.g. moderate degree, moderate severity).
I will go with Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: severe
Target surface form: severe
Context:
The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or <t>severe</t> kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=severe%5:00:00:intense:00 | definition=intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality | synonyms=terrible, wicked | examples=severe pain; a severe case of flu
2. sense_key=severe%5:00:00:strong:00 | definition=very strong or vigorous | synonyms=hard, knockout | examples=strong winds; a hard left to the chin
3. sense_key=severe%5:00:00:plain:01 | definition=severely simple | synonyms=austere, stark, stern | examples=a stark interior
4. sense_key=severe%5:00:02:nonindulgent:00 | definition=unsparing and uncompromising in discipline or judgment; - H.G.Wells | synonyms=spartan | examples=a parent severe to the pitch of hostility; a hefty six-footer with a rather severe mien
5. sense_key=severe%5:00:00:critical:03 | definition=causing fear or anxiety by threatening great harm | synonyms=dangerous, grave, grievous, serious, life-threatening | examples=a dangerous operation; a grave situation
6. sense_key=severe%5:00:01:bad:00 | definition=very bad in degree or extent | examples=a severe worldwide depression; the house suffered severe damage

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about medical treatment, specifically about kidney problems: "Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems."

Let me analyze the candidate senses:

1. intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality | synonyms=terrible, wicked | examples=severe pain; a severe case of flu
2. very strong or vigorous | synonyms=hard, knockout | examples=strong winds; a hard left to the chin
3. severely simple | synonyms=austere, stark, stern | examples=a stark interior
4. unsparing and uncompromising in discipline or judgment | synonyms=spartan | examples=a parent severe to the pitch of hostility
5. causing fear or anxiety by threatening great harm | synonyms=dangerous, grave, grievous, serious, life-threatening | examples=a dangerous operation; a grave situation
6. very bad in degree or extent | examples=a severe worldwide depression; the house suffered severe damage

In the context of "severe kidney problems," this refers to kidney problems that are very bad in degree or extent. The term is used to describe the seriousness/severity of a medical condition.

Sense 5 seems relevant with synonyms like "serious" and "life-threatening" and the example "a dangerous operation," but "severe kidney problems" isn't exactly "causing fear or anxiety by threatening great harm" - it's more about the degree of the problem.

Sense 1 has examples like "severe pain; a severe case of flu" which are medical contexts and refers to "intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality."

Sense 6 has "very bad in degree or extent" with examples like "a severe worldwide depression; the house suffered severe damage."

The context "moderate or severe kidney problems" is about the degree/intensity of the kidney problems. This is very similar to "severe pain" and "a severe case of flu" in sense 1.

Sense 1 seems to be the best fit: "intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality" with medical examples like "severe pain" and "a severe case of flu."

Wait, let me also consider sense 5 more carefully. "Causing fear or anxiety by threatening great harm" with synonyms "dangerous, grave, grievous, serious, life-threatening." Severe kidney problems could be seen as threatening great harm. But the definition focuses on "causing fear or anxiety" which is more about the psychological effect rather than the degree of the condition itself.

Sense 6 "very bad in degree or extent" also fits, but its examples are about depression and damage, not medical conditions.

I think sense 1 is the best fit because:
- It specifically has medical examples (severe pain, severe case of flu)
- "Severe kidney problems" describes the degree/quality of the kidney problems as extremely bad
- The contrast with "moderate" emphasizes the degree/intensity

Actually, let me reconsider. "Severe kidney problems" - is this about the degree of badness (sense 1 or 6) or about being dangerous/life-threatening (sense 5)?

In medical contexts, "severe" typically refers to the intensity/degree of the condition. "Moderate or severe" is a common grading in medicine, referring to how bad the condition is. This aligns most with sense 1: "intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality."

Sense 5 could also work since severe kidney problems do threaten great harm, but the primary meaning here is about the degree of the kidney problems, not about causing fear.

I'll go with sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: problem
Target surface form: problems
Context:
The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney <t>problems</t>. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=problem%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved | synonyms=job | examples=she and her husband are having problems; it is always a job to contact him
2. sense_key=problem%1:10:00:: | definition=a question raised for consideration or solution | examples=our homework consisted of ten problems to solve
3. sense_key=problem%1:09:00:: | definition=a source of difficulty | synonyms=trouble | examples=one trouble after another delayed the job; what's the problem?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "problems" in the context: "Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems."

Let me analyze the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=problem%1:26:00:: - "a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved" | synonyms=job | examples: "she and her husband are having problems; it is always a job to contact him"

2. sense_key=problem%1:10:00:: - "a question raised for consideration or solution" | examples: "our homework consisted of ten problems to solve"

3. sense_key=problem%1:09:00:: - "a source of difficulty" | synonyms=trouble | examples: "one trouble after another delayed the job; what's the problem?"

In the context, "kidney problems" refers to medical conditions or issues with the kidneys - a source of difficulty or trouble. This is not a question to be solved (sense 2), and it's more about being a source of difficulty/trouble rather than a "state of difficulty that needs to be resolved" (though sense 1 could also work).

Looking at the examples:
- Sense 1: "she and her husband are having problems" - this is about interpersonal/relational difficulties
- Sense 3: "what's the problem?" - this is about identifying a source of trouble

"Kidney problems" as a medical condition is a source of difficulty - the kidneys are causing trouble. This aligns with sense 3 (a source of difficulty, synonym=trouble).

However, sense 1 ("a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved") could also apply since kidney problems represent a state of medical difficulty.

Let me think more carefully. "Kidney problems" here refers to a medical condition - the kidneys are not functioning properly. This is a source of difficulty/trouble for the patient. Sense 3 with synonym "trouble" seems most appropriate - the kidney problems are a source of difficulty.

Actually, looking at this more carefully, "problems" in "kidney problems" is describing a state of medical difficulty. The patient has a condition that is problematic. Sense 1 describes "a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved" which fits - kidney problems are a state of difficulty (medical condition) that may need to be resolved (treated).

But sense 3 "a source of difficulty" with synonym "trouble" also fits well - kidney problems are a source of difficulty, similar to "what's the problem?" (what's the trouble?).

I think sense 1 is the best fit here because:
- "Kidney problems" describes a state/condition of difficulty
- The example "she and her husband are having problems" shows problems as an ongoing state
- Medical problems are states of difficulty that need attention/resolution

Actually, let me reconsider. Sense 3's definition is "a source of difficulty" with synonym "trouble." "Kidney problems" = "kidney trouble" which is a very common medical phrasing. The kidney problems are a source of difficulty for the patient.

But sense 1's "a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved" also fits - the patient is in a state of having kidney difficulty.

I'll go with sense 1 because "problems" here refers to the state of having difficulty with kidneys - it's a condition/state that exists and needs to be resolved/managed. The example "she and her husband are having problems" shows problems as an ongoing state of difficulty.

Wait, let me reconsider once more. Looking at the WordNet hierarchy:
- Sense 1 (problem%1:26:00::) is in the noun.cognition domain (26)
- Sense 2 (problem%1:10:00::) is in the noun.communication domain (10)
- Sense 3 (problem%1:09:00::) is in the noun.event domain (09)

"Kidney problems" as a medical condition is more of an event/state (domain 09) than a cognition (domain 26) or communication (domain 10).

Sense 3 is in the event domain, which makes more sense for a medical condition. The synonym "trouble" also fits well - "kidney trouble" is a common expression.

I'll go with sense 1. The phrase "kidney problems" refers to a state of difficulty - the patient is in a state where their kidneys are not functioning properly. This matches "a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved."

Actually, I need to be more careful. Let me look at this from the perspective of what "problems" means here:

"patients with moderate or severe kidney problems" - the problems are conditions/ailments of the kidneys. This is:
- Not a question to be solved (sense 2)
- Could be a state of difficulty (sense 1) or a source of difficulty (sense 3)

The key distinction:
- Sense 1: "a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved" - the problems ARE the state
- Sense 3: "a source of difficulty" - the problems CAUSE difficulty

"Kidney problems" - are the problems the state itself or the source of difficulty? I think they're more of a state - the patient is in a state of having kidney problems. The problems describe the condition, not what's causing difficulty elsewhere.

But then again, kidney problems ARE the source of difficulty for the patient - they cause the difficulty.

I think sense 1 is the better fit because "kidney problems" describes a state/condition of the kidneys. The patient has a state of difficulty with their kidneys.

Let me go with sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: more
Target surface form: more
Context:
It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For <t>more</t> information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=more%3:00:01:: | definition=(comparative of `much' used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree | synonyms=more than | examples=more land; more support
2. sense_key=more%3:00:02:: | definition=(comparative of `many' used with count nouns) quantifier meaning greater in number | examples=a hall with more seats; we have no more bananas

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "more" in the context "For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics".
"Information" is a mass noun (like "land" or "support" in sense 1).
Sense 1 definition: (comparative of `much' used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree.
Examples: more land; more support
Sense 2 definition: (comparative of `many' used with count nouns) quantifier meaning greater in number.
Examples: a hall with more seats; we have no more bananas

"Information" is an uncountable mass noun. Therefore, it fits Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: information
Target surface form: information
Context:
It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more <t>information</t>, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=information%1:10:00:: | definition=a message received and understood | synonyms=info
2. sense_key=information%1:09:00:: | definition=knowledge acquired through study or experience or instruction
3. sense_key=information%1:10:02:: | definition=formal accusation of a crime
4. sense_key=information%1:14:00:: | definition=a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn | synonyms=data | examples=statistical data
5. sense_key=information%1:07:00:: | definition=(communication theory) a numerical measure of the uncertainty of an outcome | synonyms=selective information, entropy | examples=the signal contained thousands of bits of information

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is "For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics". This is referring to details or a message received and understood about the drug Alimta.

Sense 1: "a message received and understood" | synonyms=info
Sense 2: "knowledge acquired through study or experience or instruction"
Sense 4: "a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn" | synonyms=data

"For more information" here refers to details/facts/data about the product. It could be sense 1 or sense 4. Sense 4 with synonyms "data" seems fitting for a document containing facts. But "for more information" commonly means "for more details/message".

Let me think. "For more information" is a common phrase pointing to further details or data. Sense 1 is "a message received and understood". Sense 4 is "a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn" with synonym "data".

The Summary of Product Characteristics contains factual data. "For more information" = "for more facts/data". I think sense 4 fits best here as it's a collection of facts. But sense 1 "info" is also common.

Actually, "For more information" in this context is referring to additional factual content/details. The synonym "data" and the fact that this is a product document with facts suggests sense 4.

Hmm, but "for more information" is typically a message/details. Let me go with sense 4 since it relates to facts/data which is what the Summary of Product Characteristics provides.

Actually, reconsidering - "information" in "for more information" generally means details or facts. Sense 4 is "a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn". This matches well.

provider: Venice


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: see
Target surface form: see
Context:
It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, <t>see</t> the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=see%2:39:00:: | definition=perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight | examples=You have to be a good observer to see all the details; Can you see the bird in that tree?
2. sense_key=see%2:31:01:: | definition=perceive (an idea or situation) mentally | synonyms=understand, realize, realise | examples=Now I see!; I just can't see your point
3. sense_key=see%2:39:02:: | definition=perceive or be contemporaneous with | synonyms=witness, find | examples=We found Republicans winning the offices; You'll see a lot of cheating in this school
4. sense_key=see%2:36:00:: | definition=imagine; conceive of; see in one's mind | synonyms=visualize, visualise, envision, project, fancy, figure | examples=I can't see him on horseback!; I can see what will happen
5. sense_key=see%2:31:00:: | definition=deem to be | synonyms=consider, reckon, view, regard | examples=She views this quite differently from me; I consider her to be shallow
6. sense_key=see%2:31:02:: | definition=get to know or become aware of, usually accidentally | synonyms=learn, hear, get word, get wind, pick up, find out | examples=I learned that she has two grown-up children; I see that you have been promoted
7. sense_key=see%2:39:03:: | definition=see or watch | synonyms=watch, view, catch, take in | examples=view a show on television; This program will be seen all over the world
8. sense_key=see%2:38:00:: | definition=come together | synonyms=meet, run into, encounter, run across, come across | examples=I'll probably see you at the meeting; How nice to see you again!
9. sense_key=see%2:32:00:: | definition=find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort | synonyms=determine, check, find out, ascertain, watch, learn | examples=I want to see whether she speaks French; See whether it works
10. sense_key=see%2:31:03:: | definition=be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something | synonyms=check, insure, see to it, ensure, control, ascertain | examples=He verified that the valves were closed; See that the curtains are closed
11. sense_key=see%2:41:11:: | definition=go to see for professional or business reasons | examples=You should see a lawyer; We had to see a psychiatrist
12. sense_key=see%2:41:12:: | definition=go to see for a social visit | examples=I went to see my friend Mary the other day
13. sense_key=see%2:41:10:: | definition=go to see a place, as for entertainment | synonyms=visit | examples=We went to see the Eiffel Tower in the morning
14. sense_key=see%2:41:14:: | definition=take charge of or deal with | synonyms=attend, take care, look | examples=Could you see about lunch?; I must attend to this matter
15. sense_key=see%2:35:09:: | definition=receive as a specified guest | examples=the doctor will see you now; The minister doesn't see anybody before noon
16. sense_key=see%2:41:00:: | definition=date regularly; have a steady relationship with | synonyms=go steady, go out, date | examples=Did you know that she is seeing an older man?; He is dating his former wife again!
17. sense_key=see%2:39:05:: | definition=see and understand, have a good eye | examples=The artist must first learn to see
18. sense_key=see%2:31:08:: | definition=deliberate or decide | examples=See whether you can come tomorrow; let's see--which movie should we see tonight?
19. sense_key=see%2:39:11:: | definition=observe as if with an eye | examples=The camera saw the burglary and recorded it
20. sense_key=see%2:39:13:: | definition=observe, check out, and look over carefully or inspect | synonyms=examine | examples=The customs agent examined the baggage; I must see your passport before you can enter the country
21. sense_key=see%2:39:12:: | definition=go or live through | synonyms=experience, go through | examples=We had many trials to go through; he saw action in Viet Nam
22. sense_key=see%2:38:03:: | definition=accompany or escort | synonyms=escort | examples=I'll see you to the door
23. sense_key=see%2:33:00:: | definition=match or meet | examples=I saw the bet of one of my fellow players
24. sense_key=see%2:31:13:: | definition=make sense of; assign a meaning to | synonyms=interpret, construe | examples=What message do you see in this letter?; How do you interpret his behavior?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
Looking at the context: "For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics"

This is a standard reference/instructional usage directing the reader to look at or consult a document. The word "see" here means to perceive by sight — directing the reader to visually look at and read the referenced document. This is the most basic visual perception sense of "see."

{"sense_index": 1}

reasoning_content:
The context is: "For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR)."

This is a standard instructional/reference usage of "see," directing the reader to consult or look at another document for more information.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. perceive by sight - not quite, this is about directing attention to a document
2. perceive (an idea or situation) mentally - not quite
3. perceive or be contemporaneous with - no
4. imagine; conceive of - no
5. deem to be - no
6. get to know or become aware of - no
7. see or watch (synonyms: watch, view, catch, take in) - examples include "view a show on television" - not quite
8. come together - no
9. find out, learn, or determine with certainty - no
10. be careful or certain to do something - no
11. go to see for professional or business reasons - no
12. go to see for a social visit - no
13. go to see a place, as for entertainment - no
14. take charge of or deal with - no
15. receive as a specified guest - no
16. date regularly - no
17. see and understand, have a good eye - no
18. deliberate or decide - no
19. observe as if with an eye - no
20. observe, check out, and look over carefully or inspect - no
21. go or live through - no
22. accompany or escort - no
23. match or meet - no
24. make sense of; assign a meaning to - no

Hmm, none of these seem like a perfect fit for "see" meaning "refer to" or "consult" as in "see the Summary of Product Characteristics."

Let me reconsider. Sense 1 is "perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight." The example is "You have to be a good observer to see all the details." This is about visually perceiving something.

In the context "For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics," the word "see" is being used to direct the reader to look at/read another document. This is a common usage meaning "refer to" or "look at."

Sense 7: "see or watch" with synonyms "watch, view, catch, take in" and examples "view a show on television; This program will be seen all over the world" - this is about viewing/watching something.

Sense 20: "observe, check out, and look over carefully or inspect" with synonym "examine" - examples about examining baggage, passport. This could potentially fit if we think of "see" as "look at" a document.

Actually, looking more carefully, the most basic sense of "see" here is "perceive by sight" (sense 1) - directing someone to look at (read/examine) a document. But the examples for sense 1 are about physical visual perception of details and birds.

Let me reconsider sense 9: "find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort" - examples "I want to see whether she speaks French; See whether it works." This is about checking/determining something.

Hmm, actually in common usage, "see [a document]" meaning "refer to [a document]" is closest to the basic visual perception sense - directing someone to look at something. Sense 1 seems like the best fit, as it's the most basic meaning of "see" - to look at and perceive something visually. The instruction "see the Summary of Product Characteristics" is telling the reader to look at (perceive by sight) that document.

Actually, I think I should reconsider. In reference texts, "see" often means "refer to" or "consult." Let me look at this again.

Sense 1: "perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight" - This is the most basic sense. "For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics" is essentially saying "look at" or "read" the document, which involves perceiving it by sight.

I think sense 1 is the best fit here, as it's the foundational meaning of "see" - directing someone to visually perceive (read/look at) a document.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: product
Target surface form: Product
Context:
It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of <t>Product</t> Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=product%1:06:01:: | definition=commodities offered for sale | synonyms=merchandise, ware | examples=good business depends on having good merchandise; that store offers a variety of products
2. sense_key=product%1:06:00:: | definition=an artifact that has been created by someone or some process | synonyms=production | examples=they improve their product every year; they export most of their agricultural production
3. sense_key=product%1:09:00:: | definition=a quantity obtained by multiplication | synonyms=mathematical product | examples=the product of 2 and 3 is 6
4. sense_key=product%1:27:00:: | definition=a chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction | examples=a product of lime and nitric acid
5. sense_key=product%1:19:00:: | definition=a consequence of someone's efforts or of a particular set of circumstances | examples=skill is the product of hours of practice; his reaction was the product of hunger and fatigue
6. sense_key=product%1:14:00:: | definition=the set of elements common to two or more sets | synonyms=intersection, Cartesian product | examples=the set of red hats is the intersection of the set of hats and the set of red things

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "Product" in the context "Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR)".
This is a medical document about a drug called Alimta.
"Summary of Product Characteristics" (SmPC) is a document describing a pharmaceutical product.
The word "Product" here refers to the pharmaceutical product/artifact created by someone or some process (the drug Alimta).
Candidate senses:
1. commodities offered for sale (merchandise, ware)
2. an artifact that has been created by someone or some process (production)
3. a quantity obtained by multiplication
4. a chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction
5. a consequence of someone's efforts or of a particular set of circumstances
6. the set of elements common to two or more sets

Sense 2 seems to be the best fit, as "Summary of Product Characteristics" refers to a medicinal product (an artifact created by some process). Let's look at sense 1: "commodities offered for sale". Alimta is a commodity, but "Summary of Product Characteristics" is a specific regulatory term for medicinal products, where "product" generally aligns with "an artifact that has been created by someone or some process" (sense 2).
Let's double check.
Sense 2: "an artifact that has been created by someone or some process | synonyms=production | examples=they improve their product every year; they export most of their agricultural production". In the medical field, a drug is a medicinal product.
Sense 4 is "a chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction" - this could apply to chemical products, but Alimta is a formulated drug, an artifact.
Sense 2 is widely used for manufactured goods, including drugs.

Let's review sense 1. "commodities offered for sale". The context doesn't emphasize it's for sale, but rather its characteristics as a manufactured drug.
Actually, "Summary of Product Characteristics" is a European term. It defines the product as an artifact.
Therefore, sense 2 is the most appropriate.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: part
Target surface form: part
Context:
It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also <t>part</t> of the EPAR). How does Alimta work?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=part%1:24:00:: | definition=something determined in relation to something that includes it | synonyms=portion, component part, component, constituent | examples=he wanted to feel a part of something bigger than himself; I read a portion of the manuscript
2. sense_key=part%1:06:00:: | definition=something less than the whole of a human artifact | synonyms=portion | examples=the rear part of the house; glue the two parts together
3. sense_key=part%1:17:00:: | definition=a portion of a natural object | synonyms=piece | examples=they analyzed the river into three parts; he needed a piece of granite
4. sense_key=part%1:09:02:: | definition=that which concerns a person with regard to a particular role or situation | examples=it requires vigilance on our part; they resisted every effort on his part
5. sense_key=part%1:15:00:: | definition=the extended spatial location of something | synonyms=region | examples=the farming regions of France; religions in all parts of the world
6. sense_key=part%1:04:01:: | definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=function, office, role | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part
7. sense_key=part%1:09:01:: | definition=an actor's portrayal of someone in a play | synonyms=character, role, theatrical role, persona | examples=she played the part of Desdemona
8. sense_key=part%1:21:00:: | definition=assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=share, portion, percentage | examples=he wanted his share in cash
9. sense_key=part%1:09:00:: | definition=one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole | synonyms=section, division | examples=the written part of the exam; the finance section of the company
10. sense_key=part%1:08:01:: | definition=a line of scalp that can be seen when sections of hair are combed in opposite directions | synonyms=parting | examples=his part was right in the middle
11. sense_key=part%1:10:00:: | definition=the melody carried by a particular voice or instrument in polyphonic music | synonyms=voice | examples=he tried to sing the tenor part
12. sense_key=part%1:04:03:: | definition=the part played by a person in bringing about a result | synonyms=contribution, share | examples=I am proud of my contribution in advancing the project; they all did their share of the work

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context says "also part of the EPAR" — meaning the Summary of Product Characteristics is a component/portion of the EPAR (a document). This is sense 1: "something determined in relation to something that includes it" with synonyms portion, component part, component, constituent. Example: "I read a portion of the manuscript."

Sense 9 is "one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole" with synonyms section, division. Example: "the finance section of the company."

The Summary of Product Characteristics is a section/component of the EPAR document. Both sense 1 and sense 9 could fit. Sense 1 is more general about something being part of something that includes it. Sense 9 is about portions that together constitute a whole, like sections/divisions.

"part of the EPAR" — the Summary of Product Characteristics is a component/constituent of the EPAR. Sense 1 seems most fitting, with "component part, component, constituent" as synonyms and example "he wanted to feel a part of something bigger than himself; I read a portion of the manuscript."


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: active
Target surface form: active
Context:
When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The <t>active</t> substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=active%3:00:02:: | definition=tending to become more severe or wider in scope | examples=active tuberculosis
2. sense_key=active%5:00:00:operational:00 | definition=engaged in or ready for military or naval operations | synonyms=combat-ready, fighting | examples=on active duty; the platoon is combat-ready
3. sense_key=active%3:00:03:: | definition=disposed to take action or effectuate change | examples=a director who takes an active interest in corporate operations; an active antagonism
4. sense_key=active%5:00:00:involved:00 | definition=taking part in an activity | synonyms=participating | examples=an active member of the club; he was politically active
5. sense_key=active%3:00:01:: | definition=characterized by energetic activity | examples=an active toddler; active as a gazelle
6. sense_key=active%3:00:07:: | definition=exerting influence or producing a change or effect | examples=an active ingredient
7. sense_key=active%3:00:06:: | definition=full of activity or engaged in continuous activity | examples=an active seaport; an active bond market
8. sense_key=active%5:00:00:existent:00 | definition=in operation | synonyms=alive | examples=keep hope alive; the tradition was still alive
9. sense_key=active%3:00:10:: | definition=(of the sun) characterized by an increased occurrence of sunspots and flares and radio emissions
10. sense_key=active%3:00:09:: | definition=expressing that the subject of the sentence has the semantic function of actor: | examples=Hemingway favors active constructions
11. sense_key=active%3:00:00:: | definition=(used of verbs (e.g. `to run') and participial adjectives (e.g. `running' in `running water')) expressing action rather than a state of being | synonyms=dynamic
12. sense_key=active%3:00:05:: | definition=(of e.g. volcanos) capable of erupting
13. sense_key=active%3:00:04:: | definition=(of e.g. volcanos) erupting or liable to erupt | examples=active volcanos
14. sense_key=active%3:00:08:: | definition=engaged in full-time work | examples=active duty; though past retirement age he is still active in his profession

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "active" in the context: "The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine..."
This refers to the pharmacologically active ingredient, i.e., the substance that produces an effect.
Looking at the senses:
Sense 6: definition=exerting influence or producing a change or effect | examples=an active ingredient
This matches perfectly with "active substance".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: substance
Target surface form: substance
Context:
When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active <t>substance</t> in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=substance%1:03:00:: | definition=the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists | examples=DNA is the substance of our genes
2. sense_key=substance%1:09:01:: | definition=the choicest or most essential or most vital part of some idea or experience | synonyms=kernel, core, center, centre, essence, gist | examples=the gist of the prosecutor's argument; the heart and soul of the Republican Party
3. sense_key=substance%1:09:00:: | definition=the idea that is intended | synonyms=meaning | examples=What is the meaning of this proverb?
4. sense_key=substance%1:27:00:: | definition=material of a particular kind or constitution | examples=the immune response recognizes invading substances
5. sense_key=substance%1:21:00:: | definition=considerable capital (wealth or income) | synonyms=means | examples=he is a man of means
6. sense_key=substance%1:10:00:: | definition=what a communication that is about something is about | synonyms=message, content, subject matter
7. sense_key=substance%1:03:01:: | definition=a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties | examples=shigella is one of the most toxic substances known to man

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "substance" in the context: "The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine..."

Let's evaluate the candidate senses:
1. substance%1:03:00:: - the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists. Example: DNA is the substance of our genes.
2. substance%1:09:01:: - the choicest or most essential or most vital part of some idea or experience. Synonyms: kernel, core, center, centre, essence, gist.
3. substance%1:09:00:: - the idea that is intended. Synonyms: meaning.
4. substance%1:27:00:: - material of a particular kind or constitution. Example: the immune response recognizes invading substances.
5. substance%1:21:00:: - considerable capital (wealth or income). Synonyms: means.
6. substance%1:10:00:: - what a communication that is about something is about. Synonyms: message, content, subject matter.
7. substance%1:03:01:: - a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties. Example: shigella is one of the most toxic substances known to man.

The context is about a pharmaceutical drug: "The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine". "Active substance" refers to the active pharmaceutical ingredient, which is a specific chemical compound/matter.
Sense 7: "a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties" (example: shigella is one of the most toxic substances known to man). This fits well, as a chemical compound is a substance.
Sense 4: "material of a particular kind or constitution" (example: the immune response recognizes invading substances). This also fits well.
However, "a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties" (Sense 7) is a more precise definition for a chemical compound like pemetrexed.
Sense 1 is "the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists".
Sense 7 is often used for chemicals and active ingredients. "Active substance" in pharma refers to a specific chemical compound, which is "a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties". Let's re-read Sense 7's example: "shigella is one of the most toxic substances known to man". Both refer to specific chemical/biological agents.

Let's check WordNet senses for "substance":
Substance (noun)
1. substance, matter -- that which has mass and occupies space; "an atom is the smallest indivisible unit of matter"
2. substance -- the stuff of which an object consists
3. substance, kernel, core, center, essence, gist, heart, heart and soul, inwardness, marrow, meat, nub, pith, nitty-gritty -- the choicest or most essential or most vital part of some idea or experience; "the gist of the prosecutor's argument"; "the heart and soul of the Republican Party"; "the nub of the story"
...
5. message, content, subject matter, substance -- what a communication that is about something is about
...
7. meaning, significance, signification, import, substance -- the idea that is intended
...
9. meaning, substance -- the idea that is intended
Wait, the mapping is:
1. substance%1:03:00:: - the real physical matter... (actually WordNet 3.0: substance, matter -- that which has mass and occupies space) No, wait.
WordNet 3.0:
S: (n) substance (the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists) "DNA is the substance of our genes"
S: (n) kernel, substance, core, center, centre, essence, gist, heart, heart and soul, inwardness, marrow, meat, nub, pith, nitty-gritty (the choicest or most essential or most vital part of some idea or experience) "the gist of the prosecutor's argument"; "the heart and soul of the Republican Party"; "the nub of the story"
S: (n) meaning, substance (the idea that is intended) "What is the meaning of this proverb?"
S: (n) message, content, subject matter, substance (what a communication that is about something is about)
S: (n) means, substance (considerable capital (wealth or income)) "he is a man of means"
S: (n) substance (a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties) "shigella is one of the most toxic substances known to man"
S: (n) substance (material of a particular kind or constitution) "the immune response recognizes invading substances"

Wait, Sense 7 is "a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties". This perfectly describes a chemical compound like pemetrexed. It is an "active substance".
Sense 4 is "material of a particular kind or constitution", example "invading substances". Sense 7 is specifically about uniform chemical/biological species, fitting a single active pharmaceutical ingredient.
Let's choose Sense 7.
Wait, does the text say "The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed"? Pemetrexed is a specific chemical compound. A specific chemical compound is a "particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties".
Sense 7 fits better than Sense 4 because it's a specific active ingredient, a chemical species.
Sense 7 is "substance%1:03:01::". Sense 4 is "substance%1:27:00::".
Let's check the sense numbering.
1: substance%1:03:00::
2: substance%1:09:01::
3: substance%1:09:00::
4: substance%1:27:00::
5: substance%1:21:00::
6: substance%1:10:00::
7: substance%1:03:01::

Is "active substance" a chemical? Yes. "a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties" fits perfectly. Sense 7.

Wait, look at sense 4: "material of a particular kind or constitution". Is this better? "Substance" in "active substance" refers to the chemical. Sense 7 specifically mentions "shigella is one of the most toxic substances known to man", which is a biological/chemical agent. Active pharmaceutical ingredients are often referred to as "substances" in the sense of chemical species.
Actually, let's consider WordNet. Sense 1:27:00 is not typically found in WordNet 3.0. Wait, WordNet 3.0 has:
S: (n) substance (material of a particular kind or constitution) "the immune response recognizes invading substances"
Is it 1:27:00? Yes, 1:27:00 is the noun.cognition or something? No, 1:27:00 is noun.substance. In WordNet lexicographer file names, 27 is noun.substance. So substance%1:27:00:: is actually the first sense in the noun.substance lexicographer file.
Let's list the senses in the noun.substance file:
S: (n) substance (material of a particular kind or constitution) "the immune response recognizes invading substances"
S: (n) substance (a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties) "shigella is one of the most toxic substances known to man"
Wait, both 1:27:00 and 1:03:01?
1:03 is noun.Tops. "substance, matter -- that which has mass and occupies space" - wait, no, sense 1 in the prompt is "the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists", example "DNA is the substance of our genes". This is noun.Tops 1:03:00.
Wait, Sense 7 is "a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties" - this is also often categorized under noun.Tops or noun.substance.
Actually, the sense keys for "substance":
substance%1:27:00:: is "material of a particular kind or constitution"
substance%1:03:01:: is "a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties"

Both fit, but Sense 7 specifically says "a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties", which matches a specific chemical compound (pemetrexed). Sense 4 says "material of a particular kind or constitution", which could be a mixture or general material. Pemetrexed is a specific kind of matter with uniform properties. Therefore, Sense 7 is the most accurate.

Let me double check the sense definitions.
1: substance%1:03:00:: - the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists
4: substance%1:27:00:: - material of a particular kind or constitution
7: substance%1:03:01:: - a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties

"active substance" = "active ingredient". It is a particular kind of matter with uniform properties. I'll go with Sense 7.
Wait, in the EPAR (European Public Assessment Report) context, "active substance" is a regulatory term for the active pharmaceutical ingredient. It is a specific chemical. Sense 7 fits "a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties".
Let's choose 7.