[User]
Which numbered sense of "variation" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Each <t>variation</t>, or change, can occur only once, the rules state.

Senses:
1. definition=an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change
2. definition=an activity that varies from a norm or standard | examples=any variation in his routine was immediately reported
3. definition=a repetition of a musical theme in which it is modified or embellished
4. definition=something a little different from others of the same type | examples=an experimental version of the night fighter
5. definition=an artifact that deviates from a norm or standard | examples=he patented a variation on the sandal
6. definition=the angle (at a particular location) between magnetic north and true north
7. definition=the process of varying or being varied
8. definition=(astronomy) any perturbation of the mean motion or orbit of a planet or satellite (especially a perturbation of the earth's moon)
9. definition=(biology) an organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration
10. definition=(ballet) a solo dance or dance figure
11. definition=the act of changing or altering something slightly but noticeably from the norm or standard | examples=who is responsible for these variations in taxation?

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the User's Request:**
    *   Target word: "variation" (marked with tags).
    *   Context sentence: "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state."
    *   Task: Identify the correct sense number from the provided list.
    *   Constraint: Return *only* the number.

2.  **Analyze the Context Sentence:**
    *   Sentence: "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state."
    *   Key feature: The appositive phrase ", or change,".
    *   This phrase explicitly defines the meaning of "variation" in this specific context. It equates "variation" with "change".
    *   Grammatical structure: "Each [noun]..." suggests a specific instance or occurrence.

3.  **Analyze the Provided Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** "an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change".
        *   Key words: "instance of change".
        *   Match check: The sentence explicitly uses the synonym "change". The structure "Each variation... can occur" implies a specific instance or event. This looks very promising.

    *   **Sense 2:** "an activity that varies from a norm or standard".
        *   Context: "routine", "activity".
        *   Match check: The sentence doesn't imply a deviation from a routine or habit. It talks about a change occurring once according to rules. Not a strong fit.

    *   **Sense 3:** "a repetition of a musical theme...".
        *   Context: Music.
        *   Match check: No music context. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 4:** "something a little different from others of the same type".
        *   Context: "experimental version", "type".
        *   Match check: This refers to a specific object/version (like a "variation on the theme"). The sentence refers to an event ("can occur"). Not the best fit.

    *   **Sense 5:** "an artifact that deviates from a norm or standard".
        *   Context: "patented a variation", physical object.
        *   Match check: The sentence is abstract/abstract rules, not a physical artifact. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 6:** "the angle... between magnetic north and true north".
        *   Context: Navigation/Geography.
        *   Match check: No context of navigation. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 7:** "the process of varying or being varied".
        *   Key words: "process".
        *   Match check: "Each variation" suggests a countable instance, not the uncountable abstract process. While related, Sense 1 ("instance of change") fits "Each... can occur" better than "the process" does. If it were "The variation of the colors was beautiful," that would be Sense 7. Here, "Each" implies countability.

    *   **Sense 8:** "(astronomy) any perturbation...".
        *   Context: Astronomy.
        *   Match check: No astronomy context. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 9:** "(biology) an organism...".
        *   Context: Biology.
        *   Match check: No biology context. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 10:** "(ballet) a solo dance...".
        *   Context: Ballet.
        *   Match check: No ballet context. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 11:** "the act of changing or altering something slightly...".
        *   Key words: "act of changing".
        *   Match check: This is very similar to Sense 1. However, Sense 1 specifies "instance of change". Let's look at the examples provided in Sense 11: "who is responsible for these variations in taxation?". That implies an action or modification.
        *   Let's look at the definition in Sense 1 again: "an instance of change".
        *   The sentence says "Each variation, or change".
        *   "Each" implies a discrete unit/instance.
        *   Sense 1 explicitly includes the synonym "change" in its definition ("instance of change").
        *   Sense 7 defines it as "the process".
        *   Sense 11 defines it as "the act of changing".
        *   Sense 1 is the most direct mapping to "Each... change". It captures the countable nature ("Each") and the definition provided by the appositive.

4.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 7/11:**
    *   Sentence: "Each **variation**... can occur".
    *   Is it the process (Sense 7)? "Each process can occur only once." Possible, but "variation" usually refers to the *result* or the *instance* when used with "Each".
    *   Is it the act (Sense 11)? "Each act of changing can occur only once." Plausible.
    *   Is it an instance (Sense 1)? "Each instance of change can occur only once." This aligns perfectly with the appositive ", or change". The sentence defines the word for us.
    *   Sense 1 definition: "an instance of change".
    *   Sentence appositive: "or change".
    *   The text explicitly glosses "variation" as "change". Sense 1 is the only definition that essentially uses the word "change" as the primary noun in the definition ("instance of change").

5.  **Final Decision:**
    *   The appositive phrase explicitly defines the term.
    *   Appositive: "or change".
    *   Sense 1 definition: "an instance of change".
    *   This is a direct match.
    *   The word "Each" indicates a countable instance, supporting the "instance" part of Sense 1's definition.

6.  **Format Output:**
    *   Return only the number.
    *   Number: 1.

provider: StreamLake


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[User]
Which numbered sense of "occur" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Each variation, or change, can <t>occur</t> only once, the rules state.

Senses:
1. definition=come to pass | examples=What is happening?
2. definition=come to one's mind; suggest itself | examples=It occurred to me that we should hire another secretary
3. definition=to be found to exist | examples=sexism occurs in many workplaces

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:** The user wants to identify the correct sense of the word "occur" from a provided list, based on a specific sentence context. The output must be only the number.

2.  **Analyze the Sentence:**
    *   Sentence: "Each variation, or change, can <t>occur</t> only once, the rules state."
    *   Context: The sentence talks about "variations" or "changes" happening/taking place "only once" according to rules.
    *   Meaning of "occur" here: It means to happen, to take place, to arise as an event.

3.  **Analyze the Senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** definition=come to pass | examples=What is happening?
        *   "Come to pass" means to happen or take place. The example "What is happening?" relates to events occurring. This matches the sentence context where variations "happen" or "take place."
    *   **Sense 2:** definition=come to one's mind; suggest itself | examples=It occurred to me that we should hire another secretary
        *   This is the cognitive sense (e.g., "It occurred to me..."). The sentence is not talking about an idea popping into someone's head. This is incorrect.
    *   **Sense 3:** definition=to be found to exist | examples=sexism occurs in many workplaces
        *   This sense refers to the existence or presence of something within a scope (e.g., a mineral occurs in a specific region, or a phenomenon exists in a setting). While variations "exist," the phrase "can occur only once" strongly implies an event happening at a specific time/instance, rather than general existence. "Occur only once" is standard phrasing for an event happening one time. Sense 3 is usually for things like "Gold occurs in this river" or "Errors occur in the text." It implies presence/existence. Sense 1 ("come to pass") fits "happening once" better.

4.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 3 more closely:**
    *   Sentence: "Each variation... can occur only once..."
    *   Is it about existing? If I say "This species occurs in Africa," that's Sense 3.
    *   Is it about happening? If I say "The accident occurred yesterday," that's Sense 1.
    *   "Variations" can be events or states. "Can occur only once" usually refers to the event of the variation happening. It is synonymous with "happen" or "take place." Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.

5.  **Final Selection:** Sense 1.

6.  **Format Output:** The user requested "Return only the number of the correct sense."

    *   Result: 3? No, wait. Let me re-evaluate Sense 3 vs Sense 1.
    *   Sense 3: "to be found to exist".
    *   Sense 1: "come to pass" (happen).
    *   "Each variation can occur only once." Does the variation *exist* only once, or does it *happen* only once?
    *   In the context of rules (like in a game or a genetic algorithm), a variation *takes place* or *happens*. It is an event.
    *   If the sentence were "This type of rock occurs only in this cave," it would be Sense 3.
    *   If the sentence is "The event occurs at noon," it is Sense 1.
    *   "Variation... occur... once" implies a temporal instance of happening.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is correct.

    *   Let me double-check Sense 3 examples provided: "sexism occurs in many workplaces". This is static existence.
    *   Sense 1 example: "What is happening?" This is dynamic.
    *   "Occur only once" is dynamic (happening).
    *   So, Sense 1 is the answer.

7.  **Final Output Generation:** Just the number "1".

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Together

currency: USD


[User]
Which numbered sense of "only" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Each variation, or change, can occur <t>only</t> once, the rules state.

Senses:
1. definition=and nothing more | examples=I was merely asking
2. definition=without any others being included or involved | examples=was entirely to blame
3. definition=with nevertheless the final result | examples=He arrived only to find his wife dead
4. definition=in the final outcome | examples=These news will only make you more upset
5. definition=except that | examples=It was the same story; only this time she came out better
6. definition=never except when | examples=call me only if your cold gets worse
7. definition=as recently as | examples=I spoke to him only an hour ago

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the input sentence:** "Each variation, or change, can occur <t>only</t> once, the rules state."
    *   Key phrase: "only once".
    *   Meaning in context: The word "only" restricts the frequency of the variations or changes. It implies that the occurrence is limited to a single time and excludes the possibility of happening more than once. "Just one time, and no more."

2.  **Analyze the provided senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** "definition=and nothing more | examples=I was merely asking"
        *   Meaning: "Merely", "just", "simply". Often used to minimize something.
        *   Example analysis: "I was merely asking" = I was asking and nothing more / nothing else.
        *   Fit for "only once": "Once and nothing more". This looks like a strong candidate. "Only once" means "once and nothing more" or "just once".

    *   **Sense 2:** "definition=without any others being included or involved | examples=was entirely to blame"
        *   Meaning: Isolated, sole, single.
        *   Example analysis: "was entirely to blame" = He alone was to blame, no one else involved.
        *   Fit for "only once": Does it mean "without any others being included"? In a way, "only once" excludes other occurrences. However, Sense 1 ("and nothing more") captures the quantitative limitation better (once, not twice). Sense 2 is often about *who* or *what* is involved (e.g., "only you", "only the brave"). Let's hold this, but Sense 1 seems tighter for frequency. *Correction:* "Only once" is usually categorized under senses relating to limitation or exclusion of additional instances. "And nothing more" fits "once" very well (once, and nothing more than that).

    *   **Sense 3:** "definition=with nevertheless the final result | examples=He arrived only to find his wife dead"
        *   Meaning: "Only to" structures indicating an ironic or unfortunate outcome.
        *   Fit: No, the sentence doesn't use "only to [verb]".

    *   **Sense 4:** "definition=in the final outcome | examples=These news will only make you more upset"
        *   Meaning: Ultimately, the effect will be X (usually negative).
        *   Fit: No, not about consequences.

    *   **Sense 5:** "definition=except that | examples=It was the same story; only this time she came out better"
        *   Meaning: "But", "however".
        *   Fit: No, not a conjunction here.

    *   **Sense 6:** "definition=never except when | examples=call me only if your cold gets worse"
        *   Meaning: Conditional restriction.
        *   Fit: No, not a conditional "if".

    *   **Sense 7:** "definition=as recently as | examples=I spoke to him only an hour ago"
        *   Meaning: Temporal proximity/recency.
        *   Fit: While "once" relates to time, "only an hour ago" emphasizes how recent/short the time was. "Only once" emphasizes the *count* or *frequency*, not recency relative to now.

3.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 2 again.**
    *   Sentence: "Each variation... can occur only once."
    *   Paraphrase with Sense 1: "Each variation can occur once and nothing more." (i.e., it happens one time, and no additional times). This fits perfectly.
    *   Paraphrase with Sense 2: "Each variation can occur without any others being included or involved." This is clunky. Sense 2 is usually applied to agents or specific items (e.g., "Only the king could enter"). Sense 1 is applied to quantities or actions (e.g., "It was only a scratch", "I only want five dollars").
    *   "Only once" is a quantifier phrase. "Once" is the quantity. "Only" restricts it to exactly that quantity.
    *   Sense 1 definition "and nothing more" is the standard dictionary definition for "only" when it restricts a numeral or quantifier.
        *   Example: "I have only five dollars." -> I have five dollars and nothing more.
        *   Example: "It costs only $5." -> $5 and nothing more.
        *   Example: "It happened only once." -> Once and nothing more.

4.  **Verify with standard lexicography (WordNet/Longman/etc.):**
    *   WordNet (which this list resembles) groups "only once" under the sense: "and nothing more". (e.g., "I was only asking"; "it was only a scratch").
    *   Let's look at the examples provided for Sense 1: "I was merely asking".
        *   "Merely" is a synonym for "only" in the sense of limiting the scope/extent.
        *   "Only once" limits the extent of the occurrence.
    *   Let's look at Sense 2 examples: "was entirely to blame".
        *   This implies exclusivity of the agent. "He was the only one to blame." (Often this sense maps to "alone", "solely").
    *   "Only once" is limiting the count. Limiting the count is best described as "this amount, and nothing more".

5.  **Conclusion:**
    *   The sentence says a variation can happen "once" and "nothing more" (it cannot happen twice).
    *   This aligns with Sense 1.

    *   Let's double check Sense 2 just in case.
    *   "Without any others being included".
    *   Could "only once" mean "without any other times being included"? Yes, conceptually.
    *   However, Sense 1 ("and nothing more") is the standard definition for "only" when used with numerals/amounts.
    *   If I say "It will cost only 5 dollars," it means 5 dollars and nothing more (no hidden fees, or just 5 dollars).
    *   If I say "It happened only once," it means once and nothing more.
    *   Sense 2 is usually about "solely" or "exclusively". "Only you can prevent forest fires" (no one else involved). "He is only a child" (he is nothing more/a mere child).
    *   Actually, "He is only a child" fits Sense 1. "He is exclusively a child" (Sense 2) doesn't make sense. "He is solely a child" doesn't make sense.
    *   Let's look at the provided example for Sense 2: "was entirely to blame". This implies "he alone was to blame". This is Sense 2 (exclusivity).
    *   Let's look at the provided example for Sense 1: "I was merely asking". This implies "I was asking and doing nothing else" or "I was just asking".
    *   "Only once" acts like "just once".
    *   Is "only once" exclusive (Sense 2)? "It happens once to the exclusion of other times." Yes.
    *   Is "only once" limitative (Sense 1)? "It happens once and nothing more." Yes.

    *   *Decision Matrix:*
    *   Sense 1 focuses on limitation/quantity ("merely", "just").
    *   Sense 2 focuses on exclusion of others ("solely", "alone").
    *   "Only once" is a quantity limitation. "Once, just once."
    *   If we consult WordNet 3.0:
        *   Sense 1: "and nothing more". Examples: "only a child", "I was merely asking".
        *   Sense 2: "without any others being included or involved". Examples: "only you", "the doctor alone".
    *   "Only once" fits under Sense 1 in WordNet? Let's check typical mapping.
        *   In WordNet, "only once" falls under the sense of "and nothing more" (limiting the scope).
        *   Wait, let's look closer. "Only" as an adverb.
        *   "It happened only once." -> "It happened once and nothing more."
        *   "He is the only one." -> "He is the sole one." (Adjective usage or exclusivity).
    *   The examples in Sense 2 provided in the prompt are "was entirely to blame". This implies "He was *solely* to blame."
    *   The examples in Sense 1 provided in the prompt are "I was merely asking". This implies "I was *just* asking."

    *   Test the replacement:
        *   Sentence: "Each variation can occur *merely* once." -> Sounds okay.
        *   Sentence: "Each variation can occur *solely* once." -> Sounds a bit archaic but possible.
        *   Sentence: "Each variation can occur *just* once." -> Fits perfectly.
        *   "Just" maps to "and nothing more" (Sense 1).
        *   "Solely" maps to "without any others" (Sense 2).

    *   Let's check the context of "only" modifying a numeral/frequency.
    *   "Only 5 dollars." -> "Just 5 dollars." -> Sense 1.
    *   "Only a few." -> "Just a few." -> Sense 1.
    *   "Only once." -> "Just once." -> Sense 1.

    *   Sense 2 is for when "only" restricts the set of agents or causes. "Only women were allowed." (No men included). "He was entirely to blame" (No one else involved).
    *   Sense 1 is for when "only" restricts the degree, extent, or quantity. "Only a scratch" (not a deep wound). "I was merely asking" (not demanding). "Only once" (not twice).

    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct answer.

    *   Input:
        Sentence: Each variation, or change, can occur <t>only</t> once, the rules state.
        Target sense: "once" is a frequency/adverb of time/quantity. "Only" restricts this quantity.
        Definition 1: "and nothing more".
        Definition 2: "without any others being included".

    *   Applying "and nothing more": "can occur once and nothing more". This makes semantic sense.
    *   Applying "without any others being included": "can occur once without other times being included". This is awkward. "Without any others" usually applies to people or distinct objects (e.g., "only the red ones").

    *   The example for Sense 1 "I was merely asking" matches the function in "only once".
        *   "I was asking" -> restricted to asking.
        *   "It occurred once" -> restricted to once.
    *   The example for Sense 2 "was entirely to blame" matches the function in "only he was to blame".
        *   "He was to blame" -> restricted to him (no one else).

    *   "Only once" restricts the frequency (a quantity), not the identity of the subject. Therefore, it is Sense 1.

    *   Wait, let me look at the prompt's examples again carefully.
    *   Sense 1 example: "I was merely asking".
    *   Sense 2 example: "was entirely to blame".

    *   In "only once", "once" is an adverb. "Only" modifies "once".
    *   In "I was merely asking", "asking" is a participle/verb.
    *   In "was entirely to blame", "to blame" is an adjective phrase.

    *   If I say "It is only 5 miles", that is Sense 1.
    *   If I say "Only John went", that is Sense 2.
    *   "Only once" acts like "Only 5 miles". It restricts the magnitude/quantity. "Once, and nothing more."

    *   Therefore, the answer is 1.

provider: Friendli


[User]
Which numbered sense of "once" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Each variation, or change, can occur only <t>once</t>, the rules state.

Senses:
1. definition=on one occasion | examples=once I ran into her
2. definition=as soon as | examples=once we are home, we can rest
3. definition=at a previous time | examples=at one time he loved her

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:**
    *   Target word: "once"
    *   Sentence context: "Each variation, or change, can occur only <t>once</t>, the rules state."
    *   Task: Identify the correct sense from a provided list.
    *   Output constraint: Return *only* the number of the correct sense.

2.  **Analyze the Sentence:**
    *   Sentence: "Each variation, or change, can occur only <t>once</t>, the rules state."
    *   Context meaning: The sentence is talking about the frequency of an event (a variation/change). It limits the number of times this event can happen to a specific count. "Only once" means "only one time".

3.  **Analyze the Senses:**
    *   Sense 1: "definition=on one occasion" | examples="once I ran into her".
        *   Meaning: Something happens a single time.
        *   Match check: Does "can occur only once" mean "can occur only on one occasion"? Yes. It fits the idea of frequency/limitation to a single instance.
    *   Sense 2: "definition=as soon as" | examples="once we are home, we can rest".
        *   Meaning: A conjunction indicating that one event follows another immediately or logically.
        *   Match check: In the target sentence, "once" is an adverb modifying "occur", not a conjunction connecting clauses. "As soon as" does not fit grammatically or semantically.
    *   Sense 3: "definition=at a previous time" | examples="at one time he loved her".
        *   Meaning: Indicating something happened in the past but might not be happening now.
        *   Match check: The target sentence is a general rule statement ("the rules state"), not a narrative about the past. "Can occur" suggests possibility/permission, not a past completed action. Therefore, "at a previous time" is incorrect.

4.  **Determine the Correct Sense:**
    *   Sense 1 is the correct match. It defines frequency (one time/on one occasion).

5.  **Format the Output:**
    *   The user requested "only the number".
    *   Selected number: 1.

6.  **Final Verification:**
    *   Sentence: "Each variation... can occur only [one time]." -> Sense 1: "on one occasion".
    *   Output: 1.

provider: Chutes


[User]
Which numbered sense of "rule" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the <t>rules</t> state.

Senses:
1. definition=a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior | examples=it was his rule to take a walk before breakfast
2. definition=something regarded as a normative example | examples=the convention of not naming the main character
3. definition=prescribed guide for conduct or action
4. definition=(linguistics) a rule describing (or prescribing) a linguistic practice
5. definition=a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct | examples=their principles of composition characterized all their works
6. definition=the duration of a monarch's or government's power | examples=during the rule of Elizabeth
7. definition=dominance or power through legal authority | examples=France held undisputed dominion over vast areas of Africa
8. definition=directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted | examples=he knew the rules of chess
9. definition=any one of a systematic body of regulations defining the way of life of members of a religious order | examples=the rule of St. Dominic
10. definition=a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the function of a complex system | examples=the principle of the conservation of mass
11. definition=(mathematics) a standard procedure for solving a class of mathematical problems | examples=he determined the upper bound with Descartes' rule of signs
12. definition=measuring stick consisting of a strip of wood or metal or plastic with a straight edge that is used for drawing straight lines and measuring lengths

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the <t>rules</t> state."
I need to determine which numbered sense of "rule" applies to the word "rules" in this context.

Context analysis: The sentence is talking about variations or changes occurring only once, which sounds like a rule in a game, system, or puzzle (like Sudoku or some logic puzzle) dictating how something works.
Let's look at the senses:
1. a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior (e.g., his rule to take a walk)
2. something regarded as a normative example (convention)
3. prescribed guide for conduct or action
4. (linguistics) a rule describing (or prescribing) a linguistic practice
5. a basic generalization that is accepted as true and can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct (principle)
6. duration of a monarch's power
7. dominance or power through legal authority
8. directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted (e.g., rules of chess)
9. religious order regulations
10. rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or function of a complex system
11. (mathematics) standard procedure for solving a class of mathematical problems
12. measuring stick

Wait, "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state." This sounds very much like a game or puzzle. For example, in Sudoku or a logic puzzle, "each number/variation can occur only once" is a rule of the game.
Sense 8: "directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted | examples=he knew the rules of chess"

Let's evaluate sense 8 vs sense 3 vs sense 10.
Sense 8 specifies "game or sport". "Each variation, or change, can occur only once" sounds like a rule for a game/puzzle (like a constraint on variations/changes).
Sense 3: "prescribed guide for conduct or action" - broader.
Sense 10: "a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the function of a complex system | examples=the principle of the conservation of mass" - this is more of a scientific law.

Could it be sense 8? Let's search the exact phrase "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state."
This looks like a quote from a text explaining the rules of a game or puzzle.
For example, "Kakuro" or "Sudoku" or a chess variant? "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state."
Wait, what about "mutations"? "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state." Sounds like it could be a board game or card game rule.
Sense 8 is "directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted".
Sense 3 is "prescribed guide for conduct or action".
Sense 1 is "a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior".

Wait, let's think about WordNet senses for "rule".
WordNet 3.0 senses for "rule" (noun):
1. a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior
2. something regarded as a normative example
3. prescribed guide for conduct or action
4. (linguistics) a rule describing (or prescribing) a linguistic practice
5. a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct
6. the duration of a monarch's or government's power
7. dominance or power through legal authority
8. directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted
9. any one of a systematic body of regulations defining the way of life of members of a religious order
10. a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the function of a complex system
11. (mathematics) a standard procedure for solving a class of mathematical problems
12. measuring stick consisting of a strip of wood or metal or plastic with a straight edge that is used for drawing straight lines and measuring lengths

The exact sentence "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state." is from a Wikipedia article or textbook explaining the rules of a specific puzzle/game, such as "Futoshiki" or "Beads" or "Sudoku".
Wait, "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state." is a specific sentence from a SemCor or WordNet example maybe? No, WordNet examples usually don't use the word itself in the example sentence unless it's from a corpus.
In the SemCor corpus (which is annotated with WordNet senses), many sentences are taken from actual texts.
If it's a game rule, then sense 8 is the most appropriate. "directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted".
Let's check if there is any other sense.
Sense 3: "prescribed guide for conduct or action". This could apply broadly, but WordNet has sense 8 specifically for games/sports, and "Each variation can occur only once" is a very typical phrasing for a game rule (like "each number can occur only once" in Sudoku). Actually, in the game of "Go" or "Chess" or some puzzle? No, the "superko" rule in Go: "A variation, or change, can occur only once..." - wait, superko rule says a previous board position cannot occur again. Maybe not.
What about "Bingo"? No.
"Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules state."
If I search for "Each variation, or change, can occur only once", it strongly points to a game.
Therefore, sense 8.

Let's double check.
Sense 1: "it was his rule to take a walk before breakfast" - personal rule.
Sense 3: "prescribed guide for conduct or action" - rules of a school, etc.
Sense 8: "directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted | examples=he knew the rules of chess" - game rules.
The sentence "the rules state" matches "directions that define the way a game... is to be conducted".

I am confident it is sense 8.

provider: SiliconFlow


[User]
Which numbered sense of "state" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules <t>state</t>.

Senses:
1. definition=express in words | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her
2. definition=put before | examples=I submit to you that the accused is guilty
3. definition=indicate through a symbol, formula, etc. | examples=Can you express this distance in kilometers?

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:**
    *   Target word: "state" (marked with <t></t>).
    *   Context sentence: "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules <t>state</t>."
    *   Provided senses:
        1.  definition=express in words | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her
        2.  definition=put before | examples=I submit to you that the accused is guilty
        3.  definition=indicate through a symbol, formula, etc. | examples=Can you express this distance in kilometers?
    *   Goal: Return *only* the number of the correct sense.

2.  **Analyze the Context Sentence:**
    *   "Each variation, or change, can occur only once, the rules <t>state</t>."
    *   Subject: "the rules".
    *   Verb: "state".
    *   Object/Content: "Each variation, or change, can occur only once" (this is a declarative clause stating a requirement or fact).
    *   Meaning: The rules say/declare/specify that each variation can occur only once.

3.  **Evaluate Sense 1:**
    *   Definition: "express in words".
    *   Examples: "He said that he wanted to marry her".
    *   Fit: Do the rules "express in words" the content? Yes. "The rules state that..." is synonymous with "The rules say that..." or "The rules declare that...". This fits the usage where a document or authority declares something verbally or textually.

4.  **Evaluate Sense 2:**
    *   Definition: "put before".
    *   Examples: "I submit to you that the accused is guilty".
    *   Fit: This sense usually implies presenting something for consideration or judgment (like submitting a motion or an argument). While rules are "put before" people to follow, the verb "state" in this sentence is about the *content* of the rules, not the act of presenting the rules to an audience. "The rules submit..." doesn't fit.

5.  **Evaluate Sense 3:**
    *   Definition: "indicate through a symbol, formula, etc."
    *   Examples: "Can you express this distance in kilometers?"
    *   Fit: This is often used for mathematical or scientific contexts (e.g., "state the equation," "state the units"). While rules can be formulaic, the sentence says "Each variation... can occur only once". This is a proposition/declaration in words, not a conversion of units or a symbolic representation. "The rules indicate through a symbol..." is a stretch compared to Sense 1.

6.  **Compare Senses:**
    *   Sense 1 is the standard definition of "state" meaning to say something formally or declare.
    *   Sense 2 is closer to "submit" or "propose".
    *   Sense 3 is closer to "specify" in a technical/symbolic way.
    *   The sentence "the rules state" implies the rules declare or assert a specific condition. This aligns perfectly with Sense 1 ("express in words").

7.  **Verify against WordNet or similar lexicons (Mental Check):**
    *   WordNet usually distinguishes between "state" (say/announce) and "state" (specify/indicate).
    *   Sense 1 here ("express in words") covers the general act of saying/declaring.
    *   The example for Sense 1 ("He said that he wanted to marry her") maps well to "The rules state that [clause]".
    *   The example for Sense 3 ("express this distance") is about unit conversion or symbolic representation. While "state" can mean "specify" (e.g., "The rules state the time limit"), the provided definition "indicate through a symbol, formula, etc." makes it specific to symbolic representation. The sentence in question is a declarative sentence about a constraint, fitting "express in words" better than "indicate through a symbol".

8.  **Conclusion:** Sense 1 is the best match.

9.  **Final Output Formulation:** Return only the number. -> 1


[User]
Which numbered sense of "ringer" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: <t>Ringers</t> memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters.

Senses:
1. definition=a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation)
2. definition=a person who is almost identical to another
3. definition=a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses
4. definition=(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:**
    *   Target word: "Ringers" (plural form of "ringer").
    *   Context sentence: "<t>Ringers</t> memorize patterns of changes, known as 'methods,' which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters."
    *   Task: Identify the correct sense number from the provided list.
    *   Constraint: Return *only* the number.

2.  **Analyze the Context Sentence:**
    *   Key activity: "memorize patterns of changes," "methods," names like "Kent Treble Bob Major" or "Grandsire Caters."
    *   Domain knowledge: "Kent Treble Bob Major" and "Grandsire Caters" are specific terms associated with **change ringing** (the art of ringing a set of tuned bells to a sequence of patterns).
    *   Subject: The people performing this action are "Ringers".

3.  **Analyze the Senses:**
    *   Sense 1: "a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation)"
    *   Sense 2: "a person who is almost identical to another" (e.g., "He's a dead ringer for the president.")
    *   Sense 3: "a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses" (e.g., "They brought in a ringer to win the bowling tournament.")
    *   Sense 4: "(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg"

4.  **Match Context to Senses:**
    *   The sentence discusses "methods," "changes," and specific bell-ringing terms.
    *   Sense 2 refers to lookalikes. Incorrect.
    *   Sense 3 refers to a fraudulent competitor. Incorrect.
    *   Sense 4 refers to a specific score in a game (horseshoes). Incorrect.
    *   Sense 1 refers to a person who rings church bells. "Change ringing" is a specific style of ringing church bells. Therefore, people who practice change ringing are bell ringers.

5.  **Confirm the Match:**
    *   "Ringers" in the context of "Kent Treble Bob Major" are definitely bell ringers.
    *   Sense 1 fits perfectly.

6.  **Final Output Generation:**
    *   The correct sense number is 1.
    *   Constraint check: Return only the number.

7.  **Final Answer:** 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "method" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "<t>methods</t>, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters.

Senses:
1. definition=a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)
2. definition=an acting technique introduced by Stanislavsky in which the actor recalls emotions or reactions from his or her own life and uses them to identify with the character being portrayed

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:**
    *   Target word: "method" (in the context of "methods" within the sentence).
    *   Sentence: "Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as 'methods,' which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters."
    *   Task: Identify the correct sense number from the provided list.
    *   Constraint: Return *only* the number.

2.  **Analyze the Sentence Context:**
    *   Subject: "Ringers" (referring to bell ringers, specifically change ringers).
    *   Action: Memorize "patterns of changes".
    *   Target word usage: These patterns are known as "methods".
    *   Context clues: The sentence talks about "patterns of changes" in bell ringing. It mentions names like "Kent Treble Bob Major". This is a specific, systematic way of ringing bells in a changing order. It implies a structured, ordered pattern or system.

3.  **Analyze the Senses:**
    *   Sense 1: "definition=a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)"
        *   Does it fit? Yes. A "method" in change ringing is a specific systematic way of changing the order of the bells. It follows strict rules (an orderly logical arrangement). It fits the general definition of a method as a systematic procedure.
    *   Sense 2: "definition=an acting technique introduced by Stanislavsky in which the actor recalls emotions or reactions from his or her own life and uses them to identify with the character being portrayed"
        *   Does it fit? No. The sentence is about bell ringing, not acting or the Stanislavski system ("Method acting").

4.  **Compare and Conclude:**
    *   Sense 1 matches the technical term used in campanology (bell ringing), which refers to a systematic pattern of changes.
    *   Sense 2 is specific to acting and is irrelevant here.

5.  **Final Output Formulation:**
    *   The correct sense is 1.
    *   The user requested *only* the number.

6.  **Final check:** Does "method" in bell ringing fit definition 1? Yes, it is a systematic way of doing something (ringing the changes) with an orderly arrangement.

provider: DigitalOcean


[User]
Which numbered sense of "name" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding <t>names</t> like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters.

Senses:
1. definition=a language unit by which a person or thing is known | examples=his name really is George Washington
2. definition=a person's reputation | examples=he wanted to protect his good name
3. definition=family based on male descent | examples=he had no sons and there was no one to carry on his name
4. definition=a well-known or notable person | examples=they studied all the great names in the history of France
5. definition=by the sanction or authority of | examples=halt in the name of the law
6. definition=a defamatory or abusive word or phrase

reasoning_content:
1.  <t>names</t> like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters."
    *   Task: Identify the correct sense of "name" used in the marked context.
    *   Constraint: Return *only* the number of the correct sense.

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The word "names" refers to "Kent Treble Bob Major" and "Grandsire Caters".
    *   These are labels given to specific patterns of changes (methods) in change ringing (bell ringing).
    *   The function here is to identify or label these specific patterns. They are linguistic units used to refer to these specific sequences/methods.

3.  **Evaluate the Senses:**
    *   *Sense 1:* "a language unit by which a person or thing is known".
        *   Does this fit? Yes. "Kent Treble Bob Major" is the label (language unit) by which that specific method (thing) is known. The examples ("his name really is George Washington") show proper nouns/labels.
    *   *Sense 2:* "a person's reputation".
        *   Does this fit? No. It's not talking about the reputation of the method.
    *   *Sense 3:* "family based on male descent".
        *   Does this fit? No. No family lineage context.
    *   *Sense 4:* "a well-known or notable person".
        *   Does this fit? No. The methods are things? No. This is usually a prepositional name of").
    *   *Sense 6:* "a defamatory or abusive phrase".
        *   Does this fit? No. These are just labels, not insults.

4.  **Select the Best Match:**
    *   Sense 1 is the primary definition of a name: a word or set of words by which a person, animal, place, or thing is known, addressed, or referred to. The methods are "things" being referred to by specific labels.

5.  **Final Output Formulation:**
    *   The correct sense is number 1.
    *   Constraint check: Return *only* the number.

6.  **Output:** 1

provider: Amazon Bedrock


[User]
Which numbered sense of "series" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: A <t>series</t> of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours.

Senses:
1. definition=similar things placed in order or happening one after another | examples=they were investigating a series of bank robberies
2. definition=a serialized set of programs | examples=a comedy series
3. definition=a periodical that appears at scheduled times
4. definition=(sports) several contests played successively by the same teams | examples=the visiting team swept the series
5. definition=(electronics) connection of components in such a manner that current flows first through one and then through the other | examples=the voltage divider consisted of a series of fixed resistors
6. definition=a group of postage stamps having a common theme or a group of coins or currency selected as a group for study or collection | examples=the Post Office issued a series commemorating famous American entertainers
7. definition=(mathematics) the sum of a finite or infinite sequence of expressions

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:**
    *   Target word: "series" (marked with <t></t>).
    *   Context sentence: "A <t>series</t> of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours."
    *   Task: Identify the correct sense number from the provided list.
    *   Output constraint: Return *only* the number.

2.  **Analyze the Context Sentence:**
    *   "A series of 5,000 or so changes is a 'peal' and takes about three hours."
    *   Key terms: "changes", "peal".
    *   Context domain: This sounds like campanology (the study of bells) or change ringing.
    *   In change ringing, a "peal" consists of a sequence of changes (permutations of the order in which bells are struck).
    *   The sentence describes a collection of things (changes) happening one after another in a sequence.

3.  **Evaluate the Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** "similar things placed in order or happening one after another".
        *   Example: "a series of bank robberies".
        *   Fit: The sentence talks about a series of "changes". In change ringing, changes happen one after another in a specific order. 5,000 changes happen sequentially. This fits the general definition of a sequence or succession of events/things.

    *   **Sense 2:** "a serialized set of programs".
        *   Example: "a comedy series".
        *   Fit: This is about TV/radio shows. The context is about ringing bells (peals/changes), not TV. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 3:** "a periodical that appears at scheduled times".
        *   Fit: This refers to publications. The context is not a publication. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 4:** "(sports) several contests played successively by the same teams".
        *   Example: "the visiting team swept the series".
        *   Fit: This is sports-specific (like the World Series). The context is not sports (unless metaphorically, but "peal" and "changes" point specifically to bell ringing). Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 5:** "(electronics) connection of components...".
        *   Example: "series of fixed resistors".
        *   Fit: This is physics/electronics. While resistors are in a series, "changes" here refer to bell ringing patterns, not electrical components. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 6:** "a group of postage stamps having a common theme...".
        *   Fit: Philately/numismatics. The context is not stamps or coins. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 7:** "(mathematics) the sum of a finite or infinite sequence of expressions".
        *   Fit: Mathematical series (convergence, divergence, summation). While change ringing involves mathematical permutations, the word "series" in this sentence refers to the *sequence of events/changes* itself (the act of ringing them), not the mathematical sum of terms. The definition says "sum of...". In change ringing, they ring a "series of changes" (a sequence), they don't sum them up arithmetically in the context of the definition provided. Sense 1 fits better because it covers "things... happening one after another".

4.  **Refine the Choice:**
    *   The phrase "A series of 5,000... changes" describes a sequence of events or items.
    *   Sense 1 explicitly defines "series" as "similar things placed in order or happening one after another".
    *   "Changes" in bell ringing are distinct states/permutations rung one after another.
    *   This aligns perfectly with Sense 1. The bank robbery example ("a series of bank robberies") is structurally identical to "a series of changes" (a sequence of events).

5.  **Final Selection:** Sense 1.

6.  **Formatting Output:** Return only the number. -> 1

provider: Parasail


[User]
Which numbered sense of "take" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and <t>takes</t> about three hours.

Senses:
1. definition=carry out | examples=take action
2. definition=require (time or space) | examples=It took three hours to get to work this morning
3. definition=take somebody somewhere | examples=We lead him to our chief
4. definition=get into one's hands, take physically | examples=Take a cookie!
5. definition=take on a certain form, attribute, or aspect | examples=His voice took on a sad tone
6. definition=interpret something in a certain way; convey a particular meaning or impression | examples=I read this address as a satire
7. definition=take something or somebody with oneself somewhere | examples=Bring me the box from the other room
8. definition=take into one's possession | examples=We are taking an orphan from Romania
9. definition=travel or go by means of a certain kind of transportation, or a certain route | examples=He takes the bus to work
10. definition=pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives | examples=Take any one of these cards
11. definition=receive willingly something given or offered | examples=The only girl who would have him was the miller's daughter
12. definition=assume, as of positions or roles | examples=She took the job as director of development
13. definition=take into consideration for exemplifying purposes | examples=Take the case of China
14. definition=require as useful, just, or proper | examples=It takes nerve to do what she did
15. definition=experience or feel or submit to | examples=Take a test
16. definition=make a film or photograph of something | examples=take a scene
17. definition=remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract | examples=remove a threat
18. definition=serve oneself to, or consume regularly | examples=Have another bowl of chicken soup!
19. definition=accept or undergo, often unwillingly | examples=We took a pay cut
20. definition=make use of or accept for some purpose | examples=take a risk
21. definition=take by force | examples=Hitler took the Baltic Republics
22. definition=occupy or take on | examples=He assumes the lotus position
23. definition=admit into a group or community | examples=accept students for graduate study
24. definition=ascertain or determine by measuring, computing or take a reading from a dial | examples=take a pulse
25. definition=be a student of a certain subject | examples=She is reading for the bar exam
26. definition=take as an undesirable consequence of some event or state of affairs | examples=the accident claimed three lives
27. definition=head into a specified direction | examples=The escaped convict took to the hills
28. definition=point or cause to go (blows, weapons, or objects such as photographic equipment) towards | examples=Please don't aim at your little brother!
29. definition=be seized or affected in a specified way | examples=take sick
30. definition=have with oneself; have on one's person | examples=She always takes an umbrella
31. definition=engage for service under a term of contract | examples=We took an apartment on a quiet street
32. definition=receive or obtain regularly | examples=We take the Times every day
33. definition=buy, select | examples=I'll take a pound of that sausage
34. definition=to get into a position of having, e.g., safety, comfort | examples=take shelter from the storm
35. definition=have sex with; archaic use | examples=He had taken this woman when she was most vulnerable
36. definition=lay claim to; as of an idea | examples=She took credit for the whole idea
37. definition=be designed to hold or take | examples=This surface will not take the dye
38. definition=be capable of holding or containing | examples=This box won't take all the items
39. definition=develop a habit | examples=He took to visiting bars
40. definition=proceed along in a vehicle | examples=We drive the turnpike to work
41. definition=obtain by winning | examples=Winner takes all
42. definition=be stricken by an illness, fall victim to an illness | examples=He got AIDS

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the input sentence:** "A series of 5,000 or so changes is a 'peal' and <t>takes</t> about three hours."
    *   Subject: "A series of 5,000 or so changes" (referring to bell ringing).
    *   Verb: "takes".
    *   Object/Complement: "about three hours".

2.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is describing the duration of an event. The event (the peal) requires a specific amount of time to complete.

3.  **Evaluate the provided senses one by one to find the best match:**

    *   *Sense 1: definition=carry out | examples=take action.* No, this is about performing an action.
    *   *Sense 2: definition=require (time or space) | examples=It took three hours to get to work this morning.* This looks very promising. The sentence says something "takes about three hours." The definition "require (time or space)" fits perfectly with the idea that an event lasts or needs a certain duration.
    *   *Sense 3: definition=take somebody somewhere.* No, no movement of a person is implied.
    *   *Sense 4: definition=get into one's hands, take physically.* No.
    *   *Sense 5: definition=take on a certain form...* No.
    *   *Sense 6: definition=interpret something...* No.
    *   *Sense 7: definition=take something or somebody with oneself somewhere.* No.
    *   *Sense 8: definition=take into one's possession.* No.
    *   *Sense 9: definition=travel or go by means of...* No.
    *   *Sense 10: definition=pick out, select...* No.
    *   *Sense 11: definition=receive willingly...* No.
    *   *Sense 12: definition=assume, as of positions or roles.* No.
    *   *Sense 13: definition=take into consideration...* No.
    *   *Sense 14: definition=require as useful, just, or proper.* No, this refers to qualities like "nerve" or "guts".
    *   *Sense 15: definition=experience or feel or submit to.* No.
    *   *Sense 16: definition=make a film or photograph.* No.
    *   *Sense 17: definition=remove something concrete...* No.
    *   *Sense 18: definition=serve oneself to, or consume regularly.* No.
    *   *Sense 19: definition=accept or undergo, often unwillingly.* No.
    *   *Sense 20: definition=make use of or accept for some purpose.* No.
    *   *Sense 21: definition=take by force.* No.
    *   *Sense 22: definition=occupy or take on.* No.
    *   *Sense 23: definition=admit into a group.* No.
    *   *Sense 24: definition=ascertain or determine by measuring...* No.
    *   *Sense 25: definition=be a student of a certain subject.* No.
    *   *Sense 26: definition=take as an undesirable consequence.* No.
    *   *Sense 27: definition=head into a specified direction.* No.
    *   *Sense 28: definition=point or cause to go...* No.
    *   *Sense 29: definition=be seized or affected in a specified way.* No.
    *   *Sense 30: definition=have with oneself.* No.
    *   *Sense 31: definition=engage for service under a term of contract.* No.
    *   *Sense 32: definition=receive or obtain regularly.* No.
    *   *Sense 33: definition=buy, select.* No.
    *   *Sense 34: definition=to get into a position of having...* No.
    *   *Sense 35: definition=have sex with.* No.
    *   *Sense 36: definition=lay claim to.* No.
    *   *Sense 37: definition=be designed to hold or take.* No.
    *   *Sense 38: definition=be capable of holding or containing.* No.
    *   *Sense 39: definition=develop a habit.* No.
    *   *Sense 40: definition=proceed along in a vehicle.* No.
    *   *Sense 41: definition=obtain by winning.* No.
    *   *Sense 42: definition=be stricken by an illness.* No.

4.  **Confirm the best match:** Sense 2 is the only definition that deals with time duration. The example provided ("It took three hours to get to work this morning") is grammatically and semantically almost identical to the target sentence ("takes about three hours").

5.  **Formulate the output:** The request asks for "only the number of the correct sense".

    Result: 2.

provider: Baidu


[User]
Which numbered sense of "about" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes <t>about</t> three hours.

Senses:
1. definition=(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct | examples=lasted approximately an hour
2. definition=all around or on all sides | examples=dirty clothes lying around (or about)
3. definition=in the area or vicinity | examples=a few spectators standing about
4. definition=used of movement to or among many different places or in no particular direction | examples=wandering about with no place to go
5. definition=in or to a reversed position or direction | examples=about face
6. definition=in rotation or succession | examples=turn about is fair play
7. definition=(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but | examples=the job is (just) about done

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the input sentence:** "A series of 5,000 or so changes is a 'peal' and takes <t>about</t> three hours."
2.  **Identify the context of the target word:** The word "about" modifies "three hours". It refers to a duration of time/quantity.
3.  **Evaluate Sense 1:** definition=(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct | examples=lasted approximately an hour.
    *   Does this fit? Yes. "about three hours" means "approximately three hours". This matches the definition of imprecise quantity/time.
4.  **Evaluate Sense 2:** definition=all around or on all sides.
    *   Does this fit? No. This refers to spatial location surrounding something.
5.  **Evaluate Sense 3:** definition=in the area or vicinity.
    *   Does this fit? No. This refers to spatial proximity.
6.  **Evaluate Sense 4:** definition=used of movement to or among many different places.
    *   Does this fit? No. This refers to movement.
7.  **Evaluate Sense 5:** definition=in or to a reversed position or direction.
    *   Does this fit? No. This refers to orientation (like "about face").
8.  **Evaluate Sense 6:** definition=in rotation or succession.
    *   Does this fit? No. This refers to turns.
9.  **Evaluate Sense 7:** definition=(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but.
    *   Does this fit? No. This refers to the completion of an action (e.g., "about to leave" or "about done"). The sentence is describing a duration, not a state of near-completion.
10. **Conclusion:** Sense 1 is the correct match.

Output requirement: Return only the number of the correct sense.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "hour" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three <t>hours</t>.

Senses:
1. definition=a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day | examples=the job will take more than an hour
2. definition=clock time | examples=the hour is getting late
3. definition=a special and memorable period | examples=it was their finest hour
4. definition=distance measured by the time taken to cover it | examples=we live an hour from the airport

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the input sentence:** "A series of 5,000 or so changes is a 'peal' and takes about three <t>hours</t>."
    *   Context: This sentence is talking about bell ringing (changes/peals). It describes the duration of a specific activity (ringing a peal).
    *   Key phrase: "takes about three hours".
    *   Meaning: The activity lasts for a duration of time equivalent to three 60-minute periods.

2.  **Analyze the provided senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** "definition=a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day | examples=the job will take more than an hour".
        *   Definition matches: A unit of time (60 minutes).
        *   Example matches: "the job will take more than an hour" vs "takes about three hours". Both refer to the duration of an activity.
        *   Fit: Strong.

    *   **Sense 2:** "definition=clock time | examples=the hour is getting late".
        *   Definition: Refers to a specific time of day (e.g., 3:00 PM).
        *   Context mismatch: The sentence isn't saying "at three hours o'clock" or "the hour is 3:00". It's talking about duration.
        *   Fit: Weak.

    *   **Sense 3:** "definition=a special and memorable period | examples=it was their finest hour".
        *   Definition: Figurative or historical significance.
        *   Context mismatch: Ringing bells for three hours is a physical duration, not necessarily described here as a metaphorical "finest hour" or a special momentous era. It's a literal measurement.
        *   Fit: Weak.

    *   **Sense 4:** "definition=distance measured by the time taken to cover it | examples=we live an hour from the airport".
        *   Definition: Spatial distance expressed in time.
        *   Context mismatch: The sentence talks about how long an event lasts, not how far away something is.
        *   Fit: Weak.

3.  **Select the best match:**
    *   The sentence describes the *duration* of the peal.
    *   "Takes about three hours" means the activity lasts for three units of 60 minutes.
    *   Sense 1 defines "hour" as a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day (duration).
    *   The example "the job will take more than an hour" is structurally and semantically identical to "takes about three hours".

4.  **Formulate the output:**
    *   The question asks to "Return only the number of the correct sense."
    *   The correct number is 1.

5.  **Final check:** Does "hours" in the sentence refer to a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day? Yes. Does it refer to clock time? No. Is it a memorable period? No. Is it distance? No.

    Result: 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "look" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: A <t>look</t> at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved.

Senses:
1. definition=the feelings expressed on a person's face | examples=a sad expression
2. definition=the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually | examples=he went out to have a look
3. definition=physical appearance | examples=I don't like the looks of this place
4. definition=the general atmosphere of a place or situation and the effect that it has on people | examples=the feel of the city excited him

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the input sentence:** "A <t>look</t> at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved."
2.  **Analyze the context:** The word "look" is used as a noun here ("A look... gives"). It refers to the action of examining or observing the practice. The sentence implies that by observing (taking a look at) the practice, one understands the work involved.
3.  **Evaluate Sense 1:** "definition=the feelings expressed on a person's face". Does this fit? No, the sentence isn't talking about a facial expression.
4.  **Evaluate Sense 2:** "definition=the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually". Does this fit? Yes. "A look at a Thursday night practice" means the act of looking at/observing the practice. The example "he went out to have a look" aligns with this usage of "look" as an instance of visual perception/examination.
5.  **Evaluate Sense 3:** "definition=physical appearance". Does this fit? No. The sentence isn't talking about the appearance of the practice itself in terms of beauty/style (e.g., "the look of the church").
6.  **Evaluate Sense 4:** "definition=the general atmosphere of a place or situation and the effect that it has on people". Does this fit? No. This is usually "the feel" or sometimes "the look" in a very specific abstract way, but here "A look at..." clearly denotes the act of examining.
7.  **Conclusion:** Sense 2 is the correct match.

*   Sentence context: "A look at..." implies an act of observation.
*   Sense 2 definition: "the act of directing the eyes toward something..."

Match confirmed. Return only the number.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "night" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: A look at a Thursday <t>night</t> practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved.

Senses:
1. definition=the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside
2. definition=a period of ignorance or backwardness or gloom
3. definition=the period spent sleeping | examples=I had a restless night
4. definition=the dark part of the diurnal cycle considered a time unit | examples=three nights later he collapsed
5. definition=darkness | examples=it vanished into the night
6. definition=a shortening of nightfall | examples=they worked from morning to night
7. definition=the time between sunset and midnight | examples=he watched television every night
8. definition=Roman goddess of night; daughter of Erebus; counterpart of Greek Nyx

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:** The user wants to identify the correct sense of the word "night" (marked with tags) from a specific sentence and a provided list of senses. The output must be *only* the number of the correct sense.

2.  **Analyze the Sentence:**
    *   Sentence: "A look at a Thursday <t>night</t> practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved."
    *   Context: The word "night" modifies "practice". It specifies *when* the practice takes place. It is "Thursday night". This implies a specific time of day associated with Thursday.

3.  **Analyze the Senses:**

    *   Sense 1: "the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside". This is the general definition of night. "Thursday night" fits this timeframe. It refers to the dark hours of Thursday.
    *   Sense 2: "a period of ignorance or backwardness or gloom". This is metaphorical. The sentence is literal. Not a match.
    *   Sense 3: "the period spent sleeping | examples=I had a restless night". The sentence refers to a *practice*, an activity done while awake. Not a match.
    *   Sense 4: "the dark part of the diurnal cycle considered a time unit | examples=three nights later he collapsed". This is close to Sense 1, often used for counting duration. "Thursday night" is a specific instance, not necessarily a duration unit count here, though related. Sense 1 is usually the standard entry for "Thursday night". Let's compare 1 and 4. Sense 4 emphasizes "considered a time unit" (e.g., "two nights in a hotel"). Sense 1 emphasizes the period of darkness. "Thursday night practice" refers to the specific time period of darkness on Thursday. Sense 1 is the most direct fit for naming a specific part of the day.
    *   Sense 5: "darkness | examples=it vanished into the night". The sentence uses "night" to denote a time when an event occurs, not the darkness itself as a substance/location. Not a match.
    *   Sense 6: "a shortening of nightfall | examples=they worked from morning to night". Here it means "evening". "Thursday night" doesn't mean "Thursday evening" in the sense of the moment the sun sets; it means the whole period. Not a match.
    *   Sense 7: "the time between sunset and midnight | examples=he watched television every night". Sometimes "night" is restricted to this, but usually "Thursday night" extends past midnight into the early hours of Friday. However, usually, general definitions (Sense 1) cover the whole dark period. Sense 7 is a specific sub-definition used in some contexts, but Sense 1 is the primary definition for "Thursday night".
    *   Sense 8: "Roman goddess of night...". Proper noun. Not used here.

4.  **Refining the choice between 1 and 7:**
    *   "Thursday night" usually refers to the evening and potentially the early hours of Friday.
    *   Sense 1: "time after sunset and before sunrise". This is the standard definition.
    *   Sense 7: "time between sunset and midnight". In common parlance, "Thursday night" often implies the late evening hours, sometimes extending past midnight.
    *   However, looking at WordNet or standard dictionary structures for "night":
        *   WordNet 3.1:
            *   1: the time after sunset and before it rises while it is dark outside.
            *   2: a period of ignorance... (Metaphor)
            *   3: the period spent sleeping.
            *   4: the dark part of the diurnal cycle considered a time unit.
            *   5: darkness.
            *   6: a shortening of nightfall.
            *   7: the time between sunset and midnight.
    *   "Thursday night practice": A practice usually happens in the evening. Does it happen after sunset? Yes. Does it happen before midnight? Probably.
    *   But Sense 1 is the broad, standard definition of the time of day. Sense 7 is a specific constraint (before midnight). If a practice went until 1 AM, it would still be "Thursday night practice". Therefore, Sense 1 is the safer, more encompassing definition typically applied to specific days of the week (Monday night, Tuesday night, etc.). Sense 7 is often a colloquial variation or specific usage note, but Sense 1 captures the essence of the time period associated with the word "night" in this context.

    Let's look at how these numbered lists usually map (e.g., WordNet).
    In WordNet:
    1. time after sunset and before sunrise...
    ...
    7. time between sunset and midnight.

    "Thursday night" generally aligns with Sense 1. It defines *when* the practice is. It's the dark time of Thursday.

    Let's check Sense 1 again. "The time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside". This defines the *temporal slot*.
    "Thursday night practice" -> A practice taking place during the time after sunset on Thursday.
    This fits perfectly.

    Sense 4: "considered a time unit". "Thursday night" *is* a time unit in a way, but Sense 1 is the definition of the period itself. Sense 4 is usually for phrases like "stayed for two nights". Here, we are modifying "practice". "Thursday night" acts as an adjective/adverb describing the time. Sense 1 is the definition of the time.

    Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

5.  **Final verification:**
    *   Context: "Thursday night practice".
    *   Meaning: The practice happens during the dark hours of Thursday.
    *   Sense 1: The time after sunset and before sunrise...
    *   Match: Yes.

6.  **Output:** Return only the number.

provider: AtlasCloud


[User]
Which numbered sense of "practice" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: A look at a Thursday night <t>practice</t> at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved.

Senses:
1. definition=a customary way of operation or behavior | examples=it is their practice to give annual raises
2. definition=systematic training by multiple repetitions | examples=practice makes perfect
3. definition=translating an idea into action | examples=a hard theory to put into practice
4. definition=the exercise of a profession | examples=the practice of the law
5. definition=knowledge of how something is usually done | examples=it is not the local practice to wear shorts to dinner

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:**
    *   Target sentence: "A look at a Thursday night <t>practice</t> at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved."
    *   Task: Identify the correct sense of "practice" from the provided list.
    *   Output constraint: Return *only* the number of the correct sense.

2.  **Analyze the Sentence Context:**
    *   Context clues: "Thursday night", "St. Mary Abbot church", "work involved".
    *   What is happening at a church on a Thursday night?
    *   It implies a rehearsal, a training session, or a drill (likely choir practice or bell-ringing practice given it's a church).
    *   It is an event where people gather to repeat actions to improve performance.

3.  **Evaluate the Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** "a customary way of operation or behavior".
        *   Example: "it is their practice to give annual raises".
        *   Fit: Does "Thursday night practice" mean a customary behavior? While it happens habitually, the noun here refers to the *event* itself, not the abstract custom. You don't "look at a customary behavior" in the sense of an event happening at a specific time and place in the same way. It's close, but usually, "custom" or "habit" would use "practice" in an abstract sense (e.g., "the practice of giving alms"). Here, it refers to a session.

    *   **Sense 2:** "systematic training by multiple repetitions".
        *   Example: "practice makes perfect".
        *   Fit: Does "Thursday night practice" fit this? Yes. In a church context, this almost certainly refers to a choir practice or a bell-ringing practice. These are sessions of systematic training through repetition (singing the same songs, ringing the same patterns) to improve skill.
        *   The phrase "look at a... practice" implies looking at an event/session of training.

    *   **Sense 3:** "translating an idea into action".
        *   Example: "a hard theory to put into practice".
        *   Fit: Does this refer to implementing a theory? No. It refers to a specific event/session.

    *   **Sense 4:** "the exercise of a profession".
        *   Example: "the practice of the law".
        *   Fit: Is this about a lawyer, doctor, or professional business? No, it's at a church, likely volunteers or a choir. It's not a "business practice" or "medical practice".

    *   **Sense 5:** "knowledge of how something is usually done".
        *   Example: "it is not the local practice to wear shorts to dinner".
        *   Fit: Is this about knowledge or custom? No. It's about a specific event/session.

4.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 2 (The most likely confusion points):**
    *   Sense 1 is about "behavior" or "custom". Example: "it is their practice to [verb phrase]". "Thursday night practice" is a noun phrase denoting an event.
    *   Sense 2 is about "training by repetitions". A "choir practice" or "sports practice" is a session defined by repetition. The sentence mentions "work involved," suggesting effort and training. The specific time ("Thursday night") and location ("St. Mary Abbot church") strongly suggest a specific training session (rehearsal).

    *   *Self-Correction/Refinement:* Let's look at WordNet definitions (often the source for these tasks).
        *   WordNet 3.1:
            *   Sense 1: pattern, practice: a customary way of operation or behavior.
            *   Sense 2: practice, pattern: systematic training by multiple repetitions.
            *   Sense 3: practice: translating an idea into action.
            *   Sense 4: practice, praxis: the exercise of a profession.
            *   Sense 5: practice: knowledge of how something is usually done.
    *   The sentence refers to an *event* of practicing (rehearsal). "He went to practice" or "The practice was long."
    *   Sense 2 definition: "systematic training by multiple repetitions".
    *   Does a "practice" (noun) denote the *session* of training? Yes.
    *   Example for Sense 2 in some dictionaries includes "band practice" or "football practice".
    *   Sense 1 usually involves "the practice of X" meaning the custom. E.g., "The practice of lighting candles."
    *   The sentence says: "A look at a Thursday night [practice]..." This implies a gathering. A gathering for training.
    *   Therefore, Sense 2 is the correct fit. It describes a session where people repeat actions to get better (rehearsal).

5.  **Final Verification:**
    *   Sentence: "A look at a Thursday night practice..." -> "A look at a Thursday night [training session/rehearsal]..."
    *   Sense 2: "systematic training by multiple repetitions". A rehearsal fits this definition perfectly.
    *   Sense 1: "customary way". A Thursday night *habit*? "A look at a Thursday night habit..." -> No, you don't "look at" a habit in a physical location in this context. You look at an event.

    *   Conclusion: Sense 2.

6.  **Format Output:**
    *   Return only the number.
    *   Number: 2.

provider: Venice


[User]
Which numbered sense of "church" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot <t>church</t> in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved.

Senses:
1. definition=one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship
2. definition=a place for public (especially Christian) worship | examples=the church was empty
3. definition=a service conducted in a house of worship | examples=don't be late for church
4. definition=the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church | examples=our church is hosting a picnic next week

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the user's request:** The user wants to identify the correct sense of the word "church" from a provided list of four senses, based on a specific sentence. The output should be *only* the number of the correct sense.

2.  **Analyze the sentence:**
    *   "A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot <t>church</t> in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved."
    *   Context clues: "St. Mary Abbot" modifies "church". The sentence mentions a "Thursday night practice at" this location "in the Kensington district of London".
    *   Key phrase: "practice at St. Mary Abbot church". This refers to a physical building where the practice takes place.

3.  **Evaluate the senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** "one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship". This refers to a denomination (e.g., the Catholic Church, the Methodist Church). While St. Mary Abbot's is part of a denomination (Church of England), the sentence refers to the specific entity in a physical location ("in the Kensington district"). This sense is abstract/organizational.

    *   **Sense 2:** "a place for public (especially Christian) worship". Example: "the church was empty". The sentence discusses a practice taking place *at* the church *in* a district. This fits the physical building/location aspect perfectly. St. Mary Abbot's is a physical building used for worship.

    *   **Sense 3:** "a service conducted in a house of worship". Example: "don't be late for church". Here, "church" is an event or service. In the sentence, people are attending a "practice at... church", not attending "church" (the service). If it meant the service, the sentence would read something like "practice for church" or "practice before church". Here "church" is the location marker ("at... church").

    *   **Sense 4:** "the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church". Example: "our church is hosting a picnic". This refers to the congregation as a collective noun. While a practice might involve the people, the phrase "at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district" strongly implies a geographical location/building, not the group of people itself. You don't usually say a practice is held "at" a group of people; you say it's held "at" the building they use.

4.  **Select the best match:** Sense 2 is the definition of a physical place of worship. The sentence describes a practice occurring at a specific physical location (St. Mary Abbot church).

5.  **Final Verification:**
    *   Sentence: "practice at St. Mary Abbot [building] in [location]..."
    *   Sense 2: "a place for public... worship"
    *   Match: Yes.

6.  **Format Output:** Return only the number.
    *   The number is 2.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "give" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London <t>gives</t> an idea of the work involved.

Senses:
1. definition=cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense | examples=She gave him a black eye
2. definition=be the cause or source of | examples=He gave me a lot of trouble
3. definition=transfer possession of something concrete or abstract to somebody | examples=I gave her my money
4. definition=convey or reveal information | examples=Give one's name
5. definition=convey, as of a compliment, regards, attention, etc.; bestow | examples=Don't pay him any mind
6. definition=organize or be responsible for | examples=hold a reception
7. definition=convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture | examples=Throw a glance
8. definition=give as a present; make a gift of | examples=What will you give her for her birthday?
9. definition=cause to happen or be responsible for | examples=His two singles gave the team the victory
10. definition=dedicate | examples=give thought to
11. definition=give or supply | examples=The cow brings in 5 liters of milk
12. definition=transmit (knowledge or skills) | examples=give a secret to the Russians
13. definition=bring about | examples=The trompe l'oeil-illusion establishes depth
14. definition=leave with; give temporarily | examples=Can I give you my keys while I go in the pool?
15. definition=emit or utter | examples=Give a gulp
16. definition=endure the loss of | examples=He gave his life for his children
17. definition=place into the hands or custody of | examples=hand me the spoon, please
18. definition=give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause | examples=She committed herself to the work of God
19. definition=give (as medicine) | examples=I gave him the drug
20. definition=give or convey physically | examples=She gave him First Aid
21. definition=bestow | examples=give homage
22. definition=bestow, especially officially | examples=grant a degree
23. definition=move in order to make room for someone for something | examples=The park gave way to a supermarket
24. definition=give food to | examples=Feed the starving children in India
25. definition=contribute to some cause | examples=I gave at the office
26. definition=break down, literally or metaphorically | examples=The wall collapsed
27. definition=estimate the duration or outcome of something | examples=He gave the patient three months to live
28. definition=execute and deliver | examples=Give bond
29. definition=deliver in exchange or recompense | examples=I'll give you three books for four CDs
30. definition=afford access to | examples=the door opens to the patio
31. definition=present to view | examples=He gave the sign to start
32. definition=perform for an audience | examples=Pollini is giving another concert in New York
33. definition=be flexible under stress of physical force | examples=This material doesn't give
34. definition=propose | examples=He gave the first of many toasts at the birthday party
35. definition=accord by verdict | examples=give a decision for the plaintiff
36. definition=manifest or show | examples=This student gives promise of real creativity
37. definition=offer in good faith | examples=He gave her his word
38. definition=submit for consideration, judgment, or use | examples=give one's opinion
39. definition=guide or direct, as by behavior of persuasion | examples=You gave me to think that you agreed with me
40. definition=allow to have or take | examples=I give you two minutes to respond
41. definition=inflict as a punishment | examples=She gave the boy a good spanking
42. definition=occur | examples=what gives?
43. definition=consent to engage in sexual intercourse with a man | examples=She gave herself to many men
44. definition=proffer (a body part) | examples=She gave her hand to her little sister

reasoning_content:
The sentence is: "A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved."
We need to determine the sense of "gives" in this sentence.
The phrase is "gives an idea".
"An idea" is abstract, and the look at the practice provides/conveys this idea to the reader.
Let's look at the senses:
1. cause to have - examples: She gave him a black eye
2. be the cause or source of - examples: He gave me a lot of trouble
3. transfer possession of something concrete or abstract - examples: I gave her my money
4. convey or reveal information - examples: Give one's name
5. convey, as of a compliment, regards, attention, etc.; bestow - examples: Don't pay him any mind
6. organize or be responsible for - examples: hold a reception
7. convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture - examples: Throw a glance
8. give as a present - examples: What will you give her for her birthday?
9. cause to happen or be responsible for - examples: His two singles gave the team the victory
10. dedicate - examples: give thought to
11. give or supply - examples: The cow brings in 5 liters of milk
12. transmit (knowledge or skills) - examples: give a secret to the Russians
13. bring about - examples: The trompe l'oeil-illusion establishes depth
14. leave with; give temporarily - examples: Can I give you my keys while I go in the pool?
15. emit or utter - examples: Give a gulp
16. endure the loss of - examples: He gave his life for his children
17. place into the hands or custody of - examples: hand me the spoon, please
18. give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause - examples: She committed herself to the work of God
19. give (as medicine) - examples: I gave him the drug
20. give or convey physically - examples: She gave him First Aid
21. bestow - examples: give homage
22. bestow, especially officially - examples: grant a degree
23. move in order to make room - examples: The park gave way to a supermarket
24. give food to - examples: Feed the starving children in India
25. contribute to some cause - examples: I gave at the office
26. break down - examples: The wall collapsed
27. estimate the duration - examples: He gave the patient three months to live
28. execute and deliver - examples: Give bond
29. deliver in exchange - examples: I'll give you three books for four CDs
30. afford access to - examples: the door opens to the patio
31. present to view - examples: He gave the sign to start
32. perform for an audience - examples: Pollini is giving another concert in New York
33. be flexible under stress - examples: This material doesn't give
34. propose - examples: He gave the first of many toasts at the birthday party
35. accord by verdict - examples: give a decision for the plaintiff
36. manifest or show - examples: This student gives promise of real creativity
37. offer in good faith - examples: He gave her his word
38. submit for consideration, judgment, or use - examples: give one's opinion
39. guide or direct - examples: You gave me to think that you agreed with me
40. allow to have or take - examples: I give you two minutes to respond
41. inflict as a punishment - examples: She gave the boy a good spanking
42. occur - examples: what gives?
43. consent to engage in sexual intercourse - examples: She gave herself to many men
44. proffer (a body part) - examples: She gave her hand to her little sister

"Gives an idea" means it conveys or reveals information, or yields/provides an idea.
Sense 4: "convey or reveal information" - examples: Give one's name. "Gives an idea" definitely conveys or reveals information.
Wait, what about Sense 11: "give or supply" - examples: The cow brings in 5 liters of milk.
What about Sense 36: "manifest or show" - examples: This student gives promise of real creativity. "Gives an idea" might fit here?
Let's consider "give an idea" in WordNet.
In WordNet, "give" has many senses.
"give an idea" -> "convey or reveal information" is Sense 4.
Wait, "give" in "This gives me an idea" is sense 1? No.
Let's look closely at Sense 4: definition=convey or reveal information | examples=Give one's name.
"gives an idea" -> conveys or reveals information (about the work involved).
Let's check Sense 11: definition=give or supply | examples=The cow brings in 5 liters of milk. "The cow gives 5 liters of milk."
What about Sense 36: definition=manifest or show | examples=This student gives promise of real creativity. "gives promise", "gives an idea" - both are abstract. But "gives an idea" usually means providing/conveying information.
Actually, WordNet sense 4 is "yield (as in give an idea, give a name)". Wait. Give one's name -> convey or reveal information.
Wait, in WordNet 3.0:
give.v.01: cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense (give a black eye)
give.v.02: be the cause or source of (give trouble)
give.v.03: transfer possession of something concrete or abstract to somebody (give money)
give.v.04: convey or reveal information (give one's name) -> Wait, does "give an idea" fall here?
give.v.05: convey, as of a compliment, regards, attention, etc.; bestow (pay attention)
give.v.06: organize or be responsible for (hold a reception)
give.v.07: convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture (throw a glance)
...
Let's search WordNet for "give an idea".
Is it "impart, conduct, transmit"?
Sense 11 is "give or supply" (give.v.11). "The cow brings in 5 liters of milk" -> "yield", "give".
Wait, "give an idea" could be "give or supply". "A look gives an idea."
Let's reconsider Sense 4: "convey or reveal information". "Give one's name."
Let's check the exact WordNet gloss and examples for sense 4: "convey or reveal information; "Give one's name""
Does "give an idea" fit here? An idea is information.
What about Sense 38: "submit for consideration, judgment, or use | examples=give one's opinion"? "Give one's opinion" is similar to "give an idea" but "gives an idea" is not submitting an opinion.
Let's look at the provided sense list carefully.
Sense 1: cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense. "She gave him a black eye", "He gave his life for his children" (Sense 16).
If "A look gives an idea", an idea is abstract. Does a look cause you to have an idea? Yes. Sense 1: cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense.
Wait. "A look... gives an idea of the work involved."
"Give an idea of" = convey an impression of = give a sense of.
WordNet give.v.04: convey or reveal information. Examples: "Give one's name"
Is an idea information? Yes.
Wait, give.v.04 in WordNet: "convey or reveal information; "Give one's name""
Let's check if there's another sense.
What about give.v.01: "cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense; "give a black eye"".
What about give.v.03: "transfer possession of something concrete or abstract to somebody". "I gave her my money".
What about give.v.11: "give or supply; "The cow brings in 5 liters of milk"; "The wall gave way"; "Give a gulp" (Wait, give a gulp is sense 15). Sense 11: give or supply.
Does "A look ... gives an idea" mean it supplies an idea?
Let's see WordNet (Princeton):
give
     Sense 1
     cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense; "She gave him a black eye"; "The draft gave me a cold"
     Sense 2
     be the cause or source of; "He gave me a lot of trouble"; "Our meeting afforded much interesting information"
     Sense 3
     transfer possession of something concrete or abstract to somebody; "I gave her my money"
     Sense 4
     convey or reveal information; "Give one's name"
     Sense 5
     convey, as of a compliment, regards, attention, etc.; bestow; "Don't pay him any mind"; "give the orders"; "Give him my best regards"; "pay attention" (Wait, this is give.v.05)
     Sense 6
     organize or be responsible for; "hold a reception"; "have, throw, or make a party"; "give a course", etc. (give.v.06)
     Sense 7
     convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture; "Throw a glance"; "She gave a big yawn" (Wait, yawn is 15?)
Let's check the sense mapping of "gives an idea".
In SemCor or other sense tagged corpora, "give an idea" is usually tagged as Sense 4.
Wait, "give an idea" - does it convey or reveal information? Yes, an idea is information about the work involved.
Wait! Could it be Sense 1: cause to have? A look causes you to have an idea.
Let's search for the exact sentence: "A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved."
This is likely from a newswire or similar corpus (like the SemEval/SemCor or Senseval datasets).
"A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved."
If we look at WordNet sense 4: "convey or reveal information". "give one's name", "Give an idea".
Wait, let's think about "give an idea" as conveying information. The practice itself conveys or reveals information about the work involved.
Sense 4 definition: "convey or reveal information". An idea is information.
Let's look at Sense 36: "manifest or show | examples=This student gives promise of real creativity". "Gives promise" is similar to "gives an idea", but "gives promise" means "shows promise". "Gives an idea" means "conveys an idea".
Let's look at Sense 4 again. "convey or reveal information".
Is there a WordNet sense for "give" with example "give an idea"?
In WordNet 3.0, sense 4 of give (give.v.04) is: convey or reveal information; "Give one's name".
Wait! In WordNet 3.0, give.v.04 has the gloss: "convey or reveal information; "Give one's name""
But does "give an idea" map to give.v.04?
Let's look at Sense 11: "give or supply". "The cow brings in 5 liters of milk" -> "yield".
Sense 1: "cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense". "She gave him a black eye".
What if "give an idea" is give.v.01? "A look ... gives an idea". It causes you to have an idea.
What if "give an idea" is give.v.04? "convey or reveal information".
Actually, "give an idea" means "convey an impression" or "provide information".
Let's search my knowledge base for "gives an idea" WordNet sense.
Usually, "give an idea" maps to give.v.04 in WordNet.
Wait! Let me double check WordNet senses.
give.v.04: convey or reveal information; "Give one's name"
give.v.11: give or supply; "The cow brings in 5 liters of milk"; "This year's crop yielded a million bushels"; "The estate yielded a handsome revenue"; "The cow gives 5 liters of milk"
give.v.01: cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense; "She gave him a black eye"; "The draft gave me a cold"
If I say "This gives me an idea", it's usually give.v.01 (cause to have) or give.v.04 (convey or reveal).
But "gives an idea of the work involved" means "conveys an idea of the work involved" or "provides an idea of".
"convey or reveal information" fits "gives an idea of" perfectly. "A look ... gives an idea of the work involved" = a look reveals information about the work involved.
Let's look at sense 4: "convey or reveal information | examples=Give one's name"
Sense 1: "cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense | examples=She gave him a black eye"
Sense 3: "transfer possession of something concrete or abstract to somebody | examples=I gave her my money"
Sense 11: "give or supply | examples=The cow brings in 5 liters of milk"
Which one is "gives an idea"?
If you "give your name", you convey or reveal information.
If you "give an idea", you convey or reveal information.
I will guess Sense 4.

Wait, let's consider if "give an idea" is Sense 1.
In "The draft gave me a cold", the draft caused me to have a cold.
In "This gives me an idea", this caused me to have an idea. That's Sense 1.
But the sentence is "gives an idea OF the work involved." This is not "gives me an idea" (inspiration). It means "provides an understanding of", "conveys information about".
"Give an idea of" = "convey an idea of".
This perfectly matches "convey or reveal information".

Let's double check sense 38: "submit for consideration, judgment, or use | examples=give one's opinion".
"Give one's opinion" is also conveying information, but specifically submitting it for consideration. "A look gives an idea" is not submitting an opinion.

Let's double check sense 36: "manifest or show | examples=This student gives promise of real creativity".
"Gives promise" is "shows promise". "Gives an idea" could be "shows an idea", but "gives an idea of" usually means "provides an idea of", which is "conveys information".

Let's check sense 4 examples. "Give one's name".
"Gives an idea" = conveys information.

What about sense 2: "be the cause or source of | examples=He gave me a lot of trouble". Not really a source of an idea.

Sense 3: "transfer possession of something concrete or abstract". You can't really transfer possession of an idea in this context.

Sense 11: "give or supply". Could it be "yield" or "supply"? "A look supplies an idea"? "A look yields an idea"? Maybe, but "convey" fits better.

I am fairly confident it is Sense 4.
Wait, let me review the senses of "give" in WordNet to see where "give an idea" is typically placed.
In WordNet, give.v.04: convey or reveal information.
Give.v.01: cause to have...
Give.v.03: transfer possession...
Give.v.04: convey or reveal information...
Give.v.05: convey, as of a compliment...
Give.v.11: give or supply...
Give.v.36: manifest or show...

Is "give an idea" give.v.04?
Let's consider "This gives an idea of the size". It conveys an idea. It reveals information.
I will bet on 4.

Let me reconsider 1. "cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense".
Does a look cause you to have an idea? Yes. But "give an idea of" is a standard idiom meaning "convey an understanding of". It's synonymous with "convey". "Reveal information".
Sense 4 definition: "convey or reveal information".
I'll output 4.