[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: face
Target surface form: face
Context:
His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's <t>face</t>, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=face%1:08:00:: | definition=the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear | synonyms=human face | examples=he washed his face; I wish I had seen the look on his face when he got the news
2. sense_key=face%1:07:03:: | definition=the feelings expressed on a person's face | synonyms=expression, look, aspect, facial expression | examples=a sad expression; a look of triumph
3. sense_key=face%1:07:00:: | definition=the general outward appearance of something | examples=the face of the city is changing
4. sense_key=face%1:06:02:: | definition=the striking or working surface of an implement
5. sense_key=face%1:18:00:: | definition=a part of a person that is used to refer to a person | examples=he looked out at a roomful of faces; when he returned to work he met many new faces
6. sense_key=face%1:15:00:: | definition=a surface forming part of the outside of an object | synonyms=side | examples=he examined all sides of the crystal; dew dripped from the face of the leaf
7. sense_key=face%1:08:01:: | definition=the part of an animal corresponding to the human face
8. sense_key=face%1:06:01:: | definition=the side upon which the use of a thing depends (usually the most prominent surface of an object) | examples=he dealt the cards face down
9. sense_key=face%1:10:01:: | definition=a contorted facial expression | synonyms=grimace | examples=she made a grimace at the prospect
10. sense_key=face%1:10:00:: | definition=a specific size and style of type within a type family | synonyms=font, fount, typeface, case
11. sense_key=face%1:07:01:: | definition=status in the eyes of others | examples=he lost face
12. sense_key=face%1:07:02:: | definition=impudent aggressiveness | synonyms=boldness, nerve, brass, cheek | examples=I couldn't believe her boldness; he had the effrontery to question my honesty
13. sense_key=face%1:06:00:: | definition=a vertical surface of a building or cliff

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Context**: The target word is "face". The sentence is: "Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's <t>face</t>, without saying a word."
    *   Subject: The man he saved.
    *   Object: The truck driver's face.
    *   Action: Looked squarely into...
    *   Context clues: "truck driver's", "looked squarely into", "without saying a word", "driver stopped swearing". This implies a physical confrontation or interaction involving visual contact with a person's physical visage.

2.  **Evaluate the Candidate Senses**:

    *   **Sense 1**: "the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear".
        *   Synonyms: human face.
        *   Examples: "he washed his face", "look on his face".
        *   Fit: This refers to the physical body part of a human (the truck driver). The action "looked squarely into the truck driver's face" is a literal physical description of looking at the front of his head.

    *   **Sense 2**: "the feelings expressed on a person's face".
        *   Synonyms: expression, look.
        *   Fit: While one might infer the driver's expression changed, the text focuses on the act of looking *into* the face itself, not describing the emotion displayed on it. The text says he looked into the face, then the driver stopped. It's the physical object being observed.

    *   **Sense 3**: "the general outward appearance of something".
        *   Fit: No, this refers to cities or abstract concepts usually.

    *   **Sense 4**: "the striking or working surface of an implement".
        *   Fit: No, not a tool.

    *   **Sense 5**: "a part of a person that is used to refer to a person".
        *   Examples: "roomful of faces".
        *   Fit: No, this is a metonymy usage. Here it's a specific individual's physical face, not standing in for a group of people.

    *   **Sense 6**: "a surface forming part of the outside of an object".
        *   Fit: No, not a crystal or leaf.

    *   **Sense 7**: "the part of an animal corresponding to the human face".
        *   Fit: The truck driver is human.

    *   **Sense 8**: "the side upon which the use of a thing depends".
        *   Fit: No, not cards.

    *   **Sense 9**: "a contorted facial expression".
        *   Fit: No.

    *   **Sense 10**: "a specific size and style of type".
        *   Fit: No.

    *   **Sense 11**: "status in the eyes of others".
        *   Fit: No, not "losing face".

    *   **Sense 12**: "impudent aggressiveness".
        *   Fit: No.

    *   **Sense 13**: "a vertical surface of a building or cliff".
        *   Fit: No.

3.  **Select the Best Sense**:
    *   Sense 1 is the literal definition of the body part.
    *   The context "truck driver's face" clearly denotes the anatomical part of a human being.
    *   The action "looked squarely into" supports the physical sense of the body part being the object of the gaze.

4.  **Final Check**:
    *   Target: "truck driver's face".
    *   Definition: "the front of the human head...".
    *   Matches Sense 1 perfectly.

5.  **Format Output**: JSON object with "sense_index": 1.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: say
Target surface form: saying
Context:
His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without <t>saying</t> a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=say%2:32:00:: | definition=express in words | synonyms=state, tell | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you
2. sense_key=say%2:32:01:: | definition=report or maintain | synonyms=allege, aver | examples=He alleged that he was the victim of a crime; He said it was too late to intervene in the war
3. sense_key=say%2:32:03:: | definition=express a supposition | synonyms=suppose | examples=Let us say that he did not tell the truth; Let's say you had a lot of money--what would you do?
4. sense_key=say%2:42:00:: | definition=have or contain a certain wording or form | synonyms=read | examples=The passage reads as follows; What does the law say?
5. sense_key=say%2:32:04:: | definition=give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority | synonyms=order, tell, enjoin | examples=I said to him to go home; She ordered him to do the shopping
6. sense_key=say%2:32:02:: | definition=speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way | synonyms=pronounce, articulate, enounce, sound out, enunciate | examples=She pronounces French words in a funny way; I cannot say `zip wire'
7. sense_key=say%2:32:07:: | definition=communicate or express nonverbally | examples=What does this painting say?; Did his face say anything about how he felt?
8. sense_key=say%2:32:15:: | definition=utter aloud | examples=She said `Hello' to everyone in the office
9. sense_key=say%2:32:13:: | definition=state as one's opinion or judgement; declare | examples=I say let's forget this whole business
10. sense_key=say%2:32:08:: | definition=recite or repeat a fixed text | examples=Say grace; She said her `Hail Mary'
11. sense_key=say%2:32:09:: | definition=indicate | examples=The clock says noon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: `say`
    *   Target surface form: `saying`
    *   Context snippet: "...the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without <t>saying</t> a word."
    *   Full context analysis: A man (the "savior") shouted a warning. The driver is angry. The saved man looks at the driver without speaking.
    *   Phrase: "without saying a word". This is a standard idiom/collocation meaning "without speaking/uttering anything".

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   *Sense 1: express in words (syn: state, tell).* This is the most general sense of communicating verbally. "Saying a word" fits the action of expressing something in words, even if the sentence negates it ("without saying").
    *   *Sense 2: report or maintain (syn: allege, aver).* This implies making a claim or assertion (e.g., "He said he was innocent"). Not applicable here.
    *   *Sense 3: express a supposition (syn: suppose).* Used for hypotheticals ("Let's say..."). Not applicable.
    *   *Sense 4: have or contain a certain wording or form (syn: read).* Used for texts/signs ("The sign says..."). Not applicable.
    *   *Sense 5: give instructions... (syn: order, tell).* Used for commands. Not applicable.
    *   *Sense 6: speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way.* Focuses on articulation/pronunciation. While related to speaking, "saying a word" in this context refers to the act of speaking/communicating generally, not *how* it is pronounced.
    *   *Sense 7: communicate or express nonverbally.* The context involves looking, which is non-verbal, but the phrase is "without *saying* a word". The negation implies the lack of verbal speech. The definition "communicate or express nonverbally" is usually for things like "What does this painting say?" or "His face said it all." Here, the text explicitly negates "saying a word," meaning he didn't speak. Therefore, the sense of 'say' being negated is the verbal one.
    *   *Sense 8: utter aloud.* "She said 'Hello'". This is very close to Sense 1 but often focuses on the specific utterance of a sound/word.
    *   *Sense 9: state as one's opinion or judgement.* "I say let's go." Not applicable.
    *   *Sense 10: recite or repeat a fixed text.* "Say grace." Not applicable.
    *   *Sense 11: indicate.* "The clock says noon." Not applicable.

3.  **Compare Sense 1 vs Sense 8 vs Sense 6:**

    *   *Sense 6 (pronounce/articulate):* "I cannot say 'zip wire'." Focuses on the mechanics of speech.
    *   *Sense 8 (utter aloud):* "She said 'Hello'." Focuses on the act of vocalizing specific words.
    *   *Sense 1 (express in words):* "He said that he wanted to marry her." Focuses on the act of verbal communication.

    The phrase is "saying a word".
    "Say a word" usually refers to the minimal unit of verbal expression.
    Sense 8 "utter aloud" is strong here because "saying a word" is a vocal act.
    Sense 1 "express in words" is also very strong and is the general communication sense.

    Let's look at the examples provided in WordNet (or similar dictionaries).
    Sense 1: "He said that he wanted to marry her." (Communicating content).
    Sense 8: "She said 'Hello' to everyone." (Vocalizing).

    The context: "without saying a word".
    This means he didn't speak. He didn't vocalize.
    Often, "say a word" falls under the general communication sense (Sense 1) or the utterance sense (Sense 8).
    Let's check WordNet hierarchy.
    Sense 1 (express in words) -> `say` is a hyponym of `tell` (verb.communication).
    Sense 8 (utter aloud) -> `say` is a hyponym of `utter` (verb.communication).

    In the phrase "don't say a word", the focus is on the act of vocalizing/speaking.
    If I look at Sense 1, the definition is "express in words". If one does not say a word, one is not expressing anything in words. This fits.
    Sense 8, "utter aloud". If one does not say a word, one is not uttering aloud. This also fits.

    However, Sense 1 is usually considered the primary, most general sense for "speak/communicate verbally". WordNet 3.0 often places general communication under Sense 1 (or the first listed sense). In many WSD datasets (like SemCor), "say" in the phrase "say a word" (or negated) often maps to the "express in words" or "speak" sense.

    Let's check Sense 6 again: "speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way". The "in a certain way" qualifier is crucial. That sense is about *accent* or *manner*. "She pronounces French words..." The context here isn't about *how* he said the word, but that he didn't speak at all.

    So it's between 1 and 8.
    Sense 1: "express in words".
    Sense 8: "utter aloud".
    In WordNet 3.0, Sense 1 is the generic "express in words".
    Sense 8 is specifically "utter aloud".

    Let's look at the "word" object. "Saying a word" implies the production of speech.
    Is there a difference between "He said 'Go away'" (Sense 8) and "He said that he was tired" (Sense 1)?
    "Saying a word" is minimal vocalization.
    However, standard WSD practice usually assigns the most general "verbal communication" sense to instances like "He didn't say anything" or "He said a few words". That usually maps to Sense 1 in WordNet structures (often labeled "express in words" or similar).

    Let's verify the specific definitions provided in the prompt.
    1: express in words.
    8: utter aloud.

    "Express in words" implies encoding thoughts into language.
    "Utter aloud" implies the physical act of speaking.

    In the context: "...looked squarely..., without saying a word."
    The contrast is between the shouting/cursing earlier and the silence now.
    Shouting involves words. The look replaces the words.
    Most WSD systems and annotators map the generic "speak" usage to the first sense (Sense 1). The gloss "express in words" covers the act of verbalizing content. "Saying a word" is the minimal case of expressing content in words.

    Let's double check Sense 6 definition in the prompt list.
    "speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way". This definition explicitly includes "speak" but the examples emphasize manner ("funny way"). The gloss "in a certain way" makes it specific. The context does not imply a specific manner, just the absence of speech. So 6 is out.

    Between 1 and 8:
    Sense 8 examples: "She said `Hello' to everyone in the office". This is a formulaic greeting.
    Sense 1 examples: "He said that he wanted to marry her". This is propositional content.

    "Saying a word" isn't necessarily propositional (like "I want to marry her"), nor is it a formulaic phrase (like "Hello"). It is the generic act of speaking.
    Usually, the generic act of speaking (as in "speak up", "say something") maps to the highest level node available. Sense 1 is "express in words". This is the core definition of verbal communication.
    Sense 8 is "utter aloud". This is also very close.

    Let's look at how WordNet organizes these.
    Sense 1 is usually the "default" sense.
    "Say a word" is a very common collocation.
    If we look at a resource like the Oxford English Dictionary, "say" (to speak, utter) is the main sense.
    In WordNet 3.0 data:
    Sense 1: `say%2:32:00::` - express in words. (The "32" class is usually communication).
    Sense 8: `say%2:32:15::` - utter aloud.

    Let's try to differentiate.
    If I say "He said 'yes'", is it Sense 1 or 8? Usually 8 (uttering a specific word/phrase).
    If I say "He said he was happy", is it Sense 1 or 8? Usually 1 (expressing content).
    What about "He didn't say a word"?
    It means he didn't utter anything.
    "Utter aloud" (Sense 8) fits "say a word" very well because a "word" is a vocal unit.
    "Express in words" (Sense 1) fits because "word" is a unit of expression.

    However, "express in words" often implies communicating a message/thought.
    "Utter aloud" focuses on the vocalization.
    "Saying a word" is the act of vocalizing a word.
    Often, Sense 1 is preferred for general narration of speech acts unless the specific vocalization of a quoted string is emphasized (Sense 8) or the content is emphasized (Sense 1).

    Let's reconsider Sense 1's examples: "He said that he wanted to marry her". This is reported speech.
    Let's reconsider Sense 8's examples: "She said 'Hello'". This is direct speech of a short formulaic nature.
    The text says: "without saying a word".
    This is not direct speech ("He said 'word'").
    This is a negative construction.
    If he had spoken, he would have "said something". "Say something" is generally Sense 1.
    Most linguistic analyses of "say" in narratives treat "say" + object (something/anything/word) as the general communicative act.
    Sense 1 is "express in words".
    Let's check Sense 1 synonyms: "state, tell".
    Let's check Sense 8 synonyms: None listed in the prompt for 8 specifically (the prompt just says "examples: She said `Hello'..."). Wait, looking at the prompt list again.
    Sense 8: definition=utter aloud | examples=She said `Hello'...
    Sense 1: synonyms=state, tell.

    "State" or "tell" don't fit "saying a word" as well as "utter" or "speak" would.
    But Sense 1 is the top-level sense for "say".
    WordNet 3.0 Sense 1 for `say` is "express in words".
    WordNet 3.0 Sense 1 for `say` has synonyms `state`, `tell`.
    Sense 8 (or the sense corresponding to `say%2:32:15::`) is "utter aloud".

    Let's look at the verb class.
    Sense 1: communication.
    Sense 8: communication (specifically vocalization).

    In the phrase "say a word", it refers to the act of speaking.
    Is it 1 or 8?
    In the SemCor corpus (annotated with WordNet senses), "say" is predominantly Sense 1.
    Example: "He did n't say a word." -> SemCor often tags this as Sense 1.
    Why? Because "express in words" is the broad category of verbal expression. Even if the synonyms listed are "state/tell", the definition "express in words" encompasses the act of speaking.

    Let's check Sense 6 again: "speak, pronounce...".
    Actually, some versions of WordNet have a sense "speak" explicitly.
    Let's look at Sense 6 in the provided list: "speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way".
    The "in a certain way" is the restriction. "Without saying a word" doesn't imply a manner. So 6 is out.

    So we are back to 1 vs 8.
    Sense 1 covers the communicative act.
    Sense 8 covers the vocalization of specific words (like "Hello", or "I do").
    "Saying a word" is the minimal act of speaking.
    While Sense 8 "utter aloud" seems semantically appropriate, standard WordNet mapping conventions usually place general speech acts under Sense 1 if they are not specific quoted utterances or specific mannerisms.
    However, "saying a word" is almost a fixed phrase for "speaking".
    Let's look at the definition of Sense 1 again: "express in words". Can one express oneself "in words" by saying a single word? Yes.
    Let's look at Sense 8: "utter aloud". Can one "utter aloud" a word? Yes.

    Let's look at the hierarchy.
    Sense 1 is the most frequent sense.
    "without saying a word" is a very common phrase.
    If we look at how WordNet defines "say":
    1. express in words.
    ...
    8. utter aloud.

    If the sentence was "He said 'Stop'", Sense 8 is a strong candidate.
    If the sentence was "He said that he was tired", Sense 1 is the candidate.
    "He didn't say a word" acts like "He didn't speak".
    Is "speak" a definition of Sense 1? No, Sense 1 is "express in words".
    Sense 6 has "speak" in the gloss, but with the manner restriction.

    Let's look at Sense 1 synonyms: `state`, `tell`.
    "He didn't state a word" - No.
    "He didn't tell a word" - No.
    This suggests Sense 1 might not be the perfect fit for the phrase "say a word" if we rely strictly on the provided synonyms.
    However, Sense 1 is the generic sense.
    Sense 8 synonyms are not provided in the prompt list (it just lists examples).
    Sense 8 definition "utter aloud" fits "say a word" perfectly.
    Sense 1 definition "express in words" fits "say a word" slightly less perfectly (usually you express thoughts/opinions in words, not just a "word").

    BUT, Sense 1 is the hypernym of the specific speech acts in many WN structures.
    Let's check if there is a "speak" sense.
    Ah, looking at standard WordNet 3.0:
    Sense 1: express in words.
    Sense 6: speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way.
    Sense 8 (index 15 in WN): utter aloud.

    There isn't a specific "speak (generically)" sense other than 1 or 8.
    Context: "without saying a word".
    This means "without speaking".
    Sense 1 is the standard choice for generic `say` in narrative.
    Example from Sense 1: "He said that he wanted to marry her".
    The phrase "saying a word" is referring to the communicative act.
    Common WSD tools (like UKB or IMS) often map "say" in "say a word" to Sense 1 because it is the dominant sense and "express in words" covers the act of verbalization intended to convey meaning (even if negated).

    Let's compare Sense 1 and 8 again.
    Sense 8 examples: "She said 'Hello'". This is a performative/interjection.
    "Saying a word" is not necessarily a performative.
    Sense 1 covers declarative speech.
    Is "saying a word" declarative? It implies communicating something.
    Usually, Sense 1 is the safe and correct choice for standard narrative usage of "say" unless it's a clear specific utterance ("Say cheese") or manner ("He says it funny").
    The phrase "say a word" is idiomatic for "speak".
    In the absence of a "speak" sense (Sense 6 is restricted to "certain way"), Sense 1 "express in words" acts as the general verbal communication sense.

    Let's verify the Sense 6 gloss again. "speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way".
    If we ignore the "in a certain way", "speak" is there. But WSD requires adherence to the gloss constraints. "In a certain way" is a constraint. The context "without saying a word" implies no manner specified. So 6 is incorrect.

    So it must be 1 or 8.
    Sense 1: "express in words".
    Sense 8: "utter aloud".
    Does "say a word" mean "utter aloud a word"? Yes.
    Does it mean "express in words"? Yes, in a general sense.

    Let's check the specific WordNet file data (mental check).
    `say%2:32:00::` (Sense 1) is the most frequent sense.
    `say%2:32:15::` (Sense 8) is less frequent.
    In SemCor, "say" is overwhelmingly tagged as Sense 1.
    Example sentence: "He did n't say a word."
    In SemCor, this specific construction often gets Sense 1.
    Why? Because "say" primarily means to communicate. Even a single word is a unit of communication. "Express in words" is the definition of that primary communicative function.

    Let's try to find a reason to pick 8.
    "Utter aloud" implies the physical production of sound.
    "Express in words" implies the encoding of thought into language.
    "Without saying a word" means the man didn't speak.
    While he looked (non-verbal), he didn't use verbal language.
    The intent of "saying" is communication.
    Sense 1 covers the communication aspect.
    Sense 8 covers the vocal aspect.
    Usually, WordNet favors the communicative/semantic sense (Sense 1) over the physical act sense (Sense 8) for the main verb "say" in narrative contexts, unless the physical sound is emphasized.
    Here, the silence contrasts with the earlier shouting. The focus is on the lack of verbal communication.
    Therefore, Sense 1 is the most appropriate classification for the general act of speaking/communicating verbally.

    Another check: The synonym list for Sense 1 includes "state" and "tell". These are communication verbs. Sense 8 does not list synonyms in the prompt, but definition is "utter aloud".
    While "state a word" is ungrammatical, "state" is a synonym for the *sense*. The sense is "express in words".
    "Say a word" = Express (something, even if minimal) in words.
    This fits Sense 1.

    Let's double check Sense 7.
    "communicate or express nonverbally".
    "without saying a word".
    Does "saying" here mean "communicating nonverbally"?
    No. "Without saying a word" means "without speaking". The sense of "say" being negated is the verbal sense. If the text meant "without communicating nonverbally", it would be "without saying anything (with his eyes)". But it specifically says "without saying a word". "Word" implies verbal language.
    So Sense 7 is incorrect.

    Conclusion: Sense 1 is the general sense of verbal expression. "Saying a word" falls under this general sense in WordNet annotation conventions. Sense 8 is usually reserved for the utterance of specific exclamations or quoted material where the focus is the utterance itself, but even then, Sense 1 often encompasses it. Given the choice, the primary sense (Sense 1) is the standard disambiguation for generic speech acts.

    Let's verify Sense 1's definition "express in words" against the phrase.
    Phrase: "saying a word".
    Does one "express in words" when one says a word? Yes.
    Is Sense 1 the "best" fit? It is the hypernym of the act of speaking.
    Sense 8 "utter aloud" is also correct semantically, but "express in words" (Sense 1) is the default sense for the verb in this construction.

    Let's consider the negation.
    "He didn't say a word."
    He didn't express anything in words.
    This matches Sense 1 perfectly.
    "He didn't utter aloud." Matches Sense 8.
    However, Sense 1 is the dominant sense. Synonyms "state, tell" point to the communicative intent. The context involves a confrontation where communication is expected or analyzed. The silence (lack of communication) is the point.
    Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: word
Target surface form: word
Context:
His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a <t>word</t>. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=word%1:10:00:: | definition=a unit of language that native speakers can identify | examples=words are the blocks from which sentences are made; he hardly said ten words all morning
2. sense_key=word%1:10:03:: | definition=a brief statement | examples=he didn't say a word about it
3. sense_key=word%1:10:02:: | definition=information about recent and important events | synonyms=news, intelligence, tidings | examples=they awaited news of the outcome
4. sense_key=word%1:10:06:: | definition=a verbal command for action | examples=when I give the word, charge!
5. sense_key=word%1:10:04:: | definition=an exchange of views on some topic | synonyms=discussion, give-and-take | examples=we had a good discussion; we had a word or two about it
6. sense_key=word%1:10:01:: | definition=a promise | synonyms=parole, word of honor | examples=he gave his word
7. sense_key=word%1:23:00:: | definition=a word is a string of bits stored in computer memory | examples=large computers use words up to 64 bits long
8. sense_key=word%1:18:00:: | definition=the divine word of God; the second person in the Trinity (incarnate in Jesus) | synonyms=Son, Logos
9. sense_key=word%1:10:05:: | definition=a secret word or phrase known only to a restricted group | synonyms=password, watchword, parole, countersign | examples=he forgot the password
10. sense_key=word%1:10:07:: | definition=the sacred writings of the Christian religions | synonyms=Bible, Christian Bible, Book, Good Book, Holy Scripture, Holy Writ | examples=he went to carry the Word to the heathen

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target:**
    *   Target lemma: word
    *   Target surface form: word
    *   Context segment: "...turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word."

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The sentence is: "Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word."
    *   The phrase "without saying a word" is a very common idiom/collocation.
    *   It means without speaking, without uttering any speech.
    *   It contrasts with the previous action of the driver "cursing at them" and Haney's "shout". Here, the silence is the key.

3.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `word%1:10:00::` - "a unit of language that native speakers can identify".
        *   Examples: "he hardly said ten words all morning".
        *   Analysis: This is the most general sense. "Saying a word" usually refers to uttering units of language. However, in the phrase "without saying a word", the focus is often on the *act* of speaking or a specific statement, or just the lack of utterance. Let's look at the other senses to see if there's a more specific fit.

    *   **Sense 2:** `word%1:10:03::` - "a brief statement".
        *   Examples: "he didn't say a word about it".
        *   Analysis: This sense fits the usage in negative constructions like "didn't say a word" or "without saying a word". In these contexts, "word" often stands in for "anything" or a "statement/utterance". The example provided for Sense 2 ("he didn't say a word about it") is grammatically and semantically identical to the target context ("without saying a word"). It implies not making any statement or utterance relevant to the situation.
        *   Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 2: Sense 1 is the general building block. Sense 2 seems specialized for the "say a word" collocation where it means a specific act of communication or statement. WordNet often distinguishes the "unit of language" (Sense 1) from the "utterance/statement" (Sense 2).
        *   Let's check the examples provided in the prompt again.
            *   Sense 1: "he hardly said ten words all morning" (countable units).
            *   Sense 2: "he didn't say a word about it" (an utterance or anything spoken).
        *   In the context "without saying a word", it doesn't necessarily mean a specific count (like 1 unit), but rather the act of speaking *at all*. It is synonymous with "without speaking a syllable" or "without making a statement". Sense 2 captures the idiomatic usage of "word" to mean "something said" or "remark".

    *   **Sense 3:** `word%1:10:02::` - "information about recent and important events" (news).
        *   Analysis: Incorrect. The context is about silence, not news.

    *   **Sense 4:** `word%1:10:06::` - "a verbal command for action".
        *   Analysis: Incorrect. No command is being given.

    *   **Sense 5:** `word%1:10:04::` - "an exchange of views on some topic" (discussion).
        *   Analysis: Incorrect. He didn't speak, so there was no exchange.

    *   **Sense 6:** `word%1:10:01::` - "a promise".
        *   Analysis: Incorrect. No promise is involved.

    *   **Sense 7:** `word%1:23:00::` - "computer memory string".
        *   Analysis: Incorrect context.

    *   **Sense 8:** `word%1:18:00::` - "divine word of God".
        *   Analysis: Incorrect context.

    *   **Sense 9:** `word%1:10:05::` - "a secret word or phrase" (password).
        *   Analysis: Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 10:** `word%1:10:07::` - "sacred writings".
        *   Analysis: Incorrect.

4.  **Final Decision between Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   Sense 1 defines "word" as a unit of language (morphology/syntax level). Example: "words are the blocks from which sentences are made".
    *   Sense 2 defines "word" as a brief statement/utterance (pragmatics/discourse level). Example: "he didn't say a word about it".
    *   The context is "without saying a word".
    *   Standard WSD practice for "say a word" (in the negative) usually maps to the sense of "utterance/statement" rather than the linguistic unit.
    *   WordNet 3.0/3.1 structures:
        *   Sense 1 (unit of language): "words are the blocks..."
        *   Sense 2 (news/tidings): usually "word" (mass noun) regarding information. Wait, let me check the provided list order vs standard WordNet.
    *   The provided list in the prompt:
        *   1: unit of language.
        *   2: a brief statement. Example: "he didn't say a word about it".
        *   3: news.
    *   The prompt explicitly lists Sense 2 as "a brief statement" with the example "he didn't say a word about it". This example is practically identical to the target context "without saying a word".
    *   Therefore, Sense 2 is the specific intended sense for this collocation. Sense 1 is the hypernym or the basic unit, but Sense 2 captures the semantic role of "word" as an utterance token.

5.  **Formatting the Output:**
    *   Must be JSON: `{"sense_index": 2}`.

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: driver
Target surface form: driver
Context:
As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the <t>driver</t> stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck. Haney hadn't given it much thought at the time.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=driver%1:18:00:: | definition=the operator of a motor vehicle
2. sense_key=driver%1:18:02:: | definition=someone who drives animals that pull a vehicle
3. sense_key=driver%1:18:01:: | definition=a golfer who hits the golf ball with a driver
4. sense_key=driver%1:10:00:: | definition=(computer science) a program that determines how a computer will communicate with a peripheral device | synonyms=device driver
5. sense_key=driver%1:06:00:: | definition=a golf club (a wood) with a near vertical face that is used for hitting long shots from the tee | synonyms=number one wood

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Word:** The target word is "driver".
2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   "truck came to a stop"
    *   "angry driver jumped down from the cab"
    *   "walked back toward them"
    *   "the driver started to curse at both of them"
    *   "ruin his safe-driving record"
    *   "looked squarely into the truck driver's face"
    *   "went back to his truck"
3.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses:**
    *   *Sense 1 (driver%1:18:00::):* "the operator of a motor vehicle". The context explicitly mentions a "truck", a "cab", and a "safe-driving record". The person is operating the truck. This fits perfectly.
    *   *Sense 2 (driver%1:18:02::):* "someone who drives animals that pull a vehicle". There is no mention of animals or carriages. The vehicle is explicitly a "truck".
    *   *Sense 3 (driver%1:18:01::):* "a golfer who hits the golf ball with a driver". No mention of golf.
    *   *Sense 4 (driver%1:10:00::):* "(computer science) a program...". No mention of computers or peripherals.
    *   *Sense 5 (driver%1:06:00::):* "a golf club...". No mention of golf clubs.
4.  **Determine the Best Match:** Sense 1 matches the context of a person driving a truck.
5.  **Map to Index:** Sense 1 corresponds to index 1 in the provided list.
6.  **Format Output:** JSON object `{"sense_index": 1}`.

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: stop
Target surface form: stopped
Context:
As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver <t>stopped</t> swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck. Haney hadn't given it much thought at the time.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=stop%2:38:00:: | definition=come to a halt, stop moving | synonyms=halt | examples=the car stopped; She stopped in front of a store window
2. sense_key=stop%2:42:00:: | definition=put an end to a state or an activity | synonyms=discontinue, cease, give up, quit, lay off | examples=Quit teasing your little brother
3. sense_key=stop%2:41:00:: | definition=stop from happening or developing | synonyms=halt, block, kibosh | examples=Block his election; Halt the process
4. sense_key=stop%2:38:02:: | definition=interrupt a trip | synonyms=stop over | examples=we stopped at Aunt Mary's house; they stopped for three days in Florence
5. sense_key=stop%2:38:01:: | definition=cause to stop | examples=stop a car; stop the thief
6. sense_key=stop%2:30:05:: | definition=prevent completion | synonyms=break, break off, discontinue | examples=stop the project; break off the negotiations
7. sense_key=stop%2:33:00:: | definition=hold back, as of a danger or an enemy; check the expansion or influence of | synonyms=check, turn back, arrest, contain, hold back | examples=Arrest the downward trend; Check the growth of communism in South East Asia
8. sense_key=stop%2:35:00:: | definition=seize on its way | synonyms=intercept | examples=The fighter plane was ordered to intercept an aircraft that had entered the country's airspace
9. sense_key=stop%2:42:13:: | definition=have an end, in a temporal, spatial, or quantitative sense; either spatial or metaphorical | synonyms=end, finish, terminate, cease | examples=the bronchioles terminate in a capillary bed; Your rights stop where you infringe upon the rights of other
10. sense_key=stop%2:35:12:: | definition=render unsuitable for passage | synonyms=barricade, block, blockade, block off, block up, bar | examples=block the way; barricade the streets
11. sense_key=stop%2:30:12:: | definition=stop and wait, as if awaiting further instructions or developments | synonyms=hold on | examples=Hold on a moment!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   Sentence: "Very suddenly, the driver **stopped** swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck."
    *   Subject: "the driver"
    *   Action: "stopped swearing at them"
    *   Target word: "stopped"
    *   Contextual meaning: The driver ceased the activity of swearing. The activity was ongoing, and then it ended.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   *Sense 1 (stop%2:38:00::):* "come to a halt, stop moving". This refers to physical motion (e.g., "the car stopped"). The driver didn't physically stop moving (in fact, he "turned on his heel and went back"), he stopped an action. -> Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 2 (stop%2:42:00::):* "put an end to a state or an activity". Synonyms: discontinue, cease, give up, quit. Examples: "Quit teasing your little brother".
        *   In the context, the driver "stopped swearing". Swearing is an activity. He put an end to this activity. This fits perfectly with "cease" or "quit".
    *   *Sense 3 (stop%2:41:00::):* "stop from happening or developing". Synonyms: halt, block. Examples: "Block his election". This is usually transitive with an object being prevented. The context is "stopped swearing" (stopped doing something), not "stopped the swearing (from happening)". It's a cessation of an ongoing action by the subject, not an external prevention. -> Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 4 (stop%2:38:02::):* "interrupt a trip". Synonyms: stop over. Examples: "we stopped at Aunt Mary's house". Not relevant. -> Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 5 (stop%2:38:01::):* "cause to stop". Examples: "stop a car". This is causative. The driver didn't cause swearing to stop (in the sense of stopping an object), he ceased doing it. -> Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 6 (stop%2:30:05::):* "prevent completion". Synonyms: break, break off. Examples: "stop the project". Similar to sense 3, this is usually about preventing a project or process from finishing. While "stopped swearing" technically means he didn't complete the act of swearing, Sense 2 is more about the cessation of the activity itself. Sense 6 often implies an external interruption or suspension. Sense 2 is the standard intransitive usage for ceasing an activity.
    *   *Sense 7 (stop%2:33:00::):* "hold back, as of a danger or an enemy". Not relevant. -> Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 8 (stop%2:35:00::):* "seize on its way". Not relevant. -> Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 9 (stop%2:42:13::):* "have an end... spatial or metaphorical". Examples: "Your rights stop where...". This refers to the extent or limit of something. Not relevant to stopping an action. -> Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 10 (stop%2:35:12::):* "render unsuitable for passage". Not relevant. -> Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 11 (stop%2:30:12::):* "stop and wait". Not relevant. -> Incorrect.

3.  **Compare Sense 2 and others:**
    *   The sentence structure is "Subject + stopped + [verbing/gerund phrase]".
    *   "Stopped swearing" = ceased the activity of swearing.
    *   Sense 2 definition: "put an end to a state or an activity".
    *   Sense 2 examples: "Quit teasing your little brother". This is the exact same construction and semantic frame (Subject quits/stops doing an action).

4.  **Conclusion:**
    *   The driver ceased the activity of swearing.
    *   Sense 2 corresponds to "put an end to a state or an activity".
    *   The synonyms "cease", "quit", "discontinue" fit perfectly.

5.  **Final Selection:** Sense 2.

provider: Chutes


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: swear
Target surface form: swearing
Context:
As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped <t>swearing</t> at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck. Haney hadn't given it much thought at the time.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=swear%2:32:01:: | definition=utter obscenities or profanities | synonyms=curse, cuss, blaspheme, imprecate | examples=The drunken men were cursing loudly in the street
2. sense_key=swear%2:32:03:: | definition=to declare or affirm solemnly and formally as true | synonyms=affirm, verify, assert, avow, aver, swan | examples=Before God I swear I am innocent
3. sense_key=swear%2:32:02:: | definition=promise solemnly; take an oath
4. sense_key=swear%2:32:00:: | definition=make a deposition; declare under oath | synonyms=depose, depone
5. sense_key=swear%2:31:10:: | definition=have confidence or faith in | synonyms=trust, rely, bank | examples=We can trust in God; Rely on your friends

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   The sentence is: "Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck."
    *   The preceding context mentions: "So the driver started to curse at both of them..."
    *   The target word "swearing" describes the action of the angry truck driver.
    *   The context explicitly links "swearing" to the previous action "started to curse at both of them".
    *   The driver is angry about a near-accident or incident on the road.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** "utter obscenities or profanities" (synonyms: curse, cuss, blaspheme, imprecate).
    *   **Sense 2:** "to declare or affirm solemnly and formally as true" (synonyms: affirm, verify, assert...).
    *   **Sense 3:** "promise solemnly; take an oath".
    *   **Sense 4:** "make a deposition; declare under oath" (synonyms: depose, depone).
    *   **Sense 5:** "have confidence or faith in" (synonyms: trust, rely, bank).

3.  **Map context to senses:**
    *   The driver is angry.
    *   The text explicitly states he "started to curse at both of them".
    *   Then it says he "stopped swearing".
    *   "Swearing" here is used as a synonym for "cursing" or using bad language/obscenities.
    *   Sense 1 fits this perfectly ("utter obscenities or profanities", synonym "curse").
    *   Sense 2, 3, 4, and 5 involve legal oaths, affirmations, or trust. None of these fit an angry driver reacting to a road incident by shouting at people.

4.  **Select the best index:**
    *   Sense 1 is the clear match. The context ("curse at both of them") and the definition ("utter obscenities or profanities") with the synonym ("curse") align perfectly.

5.  **Format the output:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object: `{"sense_index": 1}`.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: turn
Target surface form: turned
Context:
As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, <t>turned</t> on his heel and went back to his truck. Haney hadn't given it much thought at the time.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=turn%2:38:00:: | definition=change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense | examples=Turn towards me; The mugger turned and fled before I could see his face
2. sense_key=turn%2:30:04:: | definition=undergo a transformation or a change of position or action | synonyms=change state | examples=We turned from Socialism to Capitalism; The people turned against the President when he stole the election
3. sense_key=turn%2:42:00:: | definition=undergo a change or development | synonyms=become | examples=The water turned into ice; Her former friend became her worst enemy
4. sense_key=turn%2:38:02:: | definition=cause to move around or rotate | examples=turn a key; turn your palm this way
5. sense_key=turn%2:30:00:: | definition=change to the contrary | synonyms=change by reversal, reverse | examples=The trend was reversed; the tides turned against him
6. sense_key=turn%2:38:03:: | definition=pass to the other side of | synonyms=move around | examples=turn the corner; move around the obstacle
7. sense_key=turn%2:30:03:: | definition=pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become | synonyms=grow | examples=The weather turned nasty; She grew angry
8. sense_key=turn%2:35:08:: | definition=let (something) fall or spill from a container | synonyms=release | examples=turn the flour onto a plate
9. sense_key=turn%2:38:04:: | definition=move around an axis or a center | examples=The wheels are turning
10. sense_key=turn%2:38:01:: | definition=cause to move around a center so as to show another side of | synonyms=turn over | examples=turn a page of a book
11. sense_key=turn%2:38:06:: | definition=to send or let go | examples=They turned away the crowd at the gate of the governor's mansion
12. sense_key=turn%2:36:00:: | definition=to break and turn over earth especially with a plow | synonyms=plow, plough | examples=Farmer Jones plowed his east field last week; turn the earth in the Spring
13. sense_key=turn%2:35:06:: | definition=shape by rotating on a lathe or cutting device or a wheel | examples=turn the legs of the table; turn the clay on the wheel
14. sense_key=turn%2:30:09:: | definition=change color | examples=In Vermont, the leaves turn early
15. sense_key=turn%2:29:00:: | definition=twist suddenly so as to sprain | synonyms=twist, sprain, wrench, wrick, rick | examples=wrench one's ankle; The wrestler twisted his shoulder
16. sense_key=turn%2:42:13:: | definition=cause to change or turn into something different;assume new characteristics | examples=The princess turned the frog into a prince by kissing him; The alchemists tried to turn lead into gold
17. sense_key=turn%2:41:10:: | definition=accomplish by rotating | examples=turn a somersault; turn cartwheels
18. sense_key=turn%2:40:13:: | definition=get by buying and selling | examples=the company turned a good profit after a year
19. sense_key=turn%2:38:13:: | definition=cause to move along an axis or into a new direction | examples=turn your face to the wall; turn the car around
20. sense_key=turn%2:38:14:: | definition=channel one's attention, interest, thought, or attention toward or away from something | examples=The pedophile turned to boys for satisfaction; people turn to mysticism at the turn of a millennium
21. sense_key=turn%2:35:11:: | definition=cause (a plastic object) to assume a crooked or angular form | synonyms=flex, bend, deform, twist | examples=bend the rod; twist the dough into a braid
22. sense_key=turn%2:35:10:: | definition=alter the functioning or setting of | examples=turn the dial to 10; turn the heat down
23. sense_key=turn%2:33:13:: | definition=direct at someone | examples=She turned a smile on me; They turned their flashlights on the car
24. sense_key=turn%2:32:14:: | definition=have recourse to or make an appeal or request for help or information to | synonyms=call on | examples=She called on her Representative to help her; She turned to her relatives for help
25. sense_key=turn%2:30:01:: | definition=go sour or spoil | synonyms=sour, ferment, work | examples=The milk has soured; The wine worked
26. sense_key=turn%2:30:14:: | definition=become officially one year older | examples=She is turning 50 this year

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "turned" in the context: "Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck."

Let me analyze the context:
- The driver was cursing at two people
- Then he "turned on his heel" - this is a phrase meaning to rotate one's body sharply, typically to leave or change direction
- After turning, he "went back to his truck"

This is clearly about physical movement - the driver physically rotated his body to change direction and walk back to his truck.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. turn%2:38:00:: | definition=change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense | examples=Turn towards me; The mugger turned and fled before I could see his face

This sense is about changing orientation or direction physically. The example "The mugger turned and fled" is very similar to our context where the driver turned and went back to his truck.

2. turn%2:30:04:: | definition=undergo a transformation or a change of position or action | synonyms=change state | examples=We turned from Socialism to Capitalism; The people turned against the President when he stole the election

This is about transformation or change of position/state in an abstract sense, not physical rotation.

3. turn%2:42:00:: | definition=undergo a change or development | synonyms=become | examples=The water turned into ice; Her former friend became her worst enemy

This is about transformation/becoming something else.

4. turn%2:38:02:: | definition=cause to move around or rotate | examples=turn a key; turn your palm this way

This is causative - causing something else to rotate.

5. turn%2:30:00:: | definition=change to the contrary | synonyms=change by reversal, reverse | examples=The trend was reversed; the tides turned against him

This is about reversal, typically abstract.

6. turn%2:38:03:: | definition=pass to the other side of | synonyms=move around | examples=turn the corner; move around the obstacle

This is about moving around something/passing.

7-26: Various other senses that don't fit.

The phrase "turned on his heel" is a specific idiom meaning to make a sharp turn, typically 180 degrees, by pivoting on one's heel. This is clearly about changing physical orientation/direction.

Sense 1 (turn%2:38:00::) with definition "change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense" and examples like "Turn towards me; The mugger turned and fled before I could see his face" is the best match.

The mugger example is particularly relevant - someone turns and then performs an action (fled), similar to the driver who turned and went back to his truck.

So the answer should be sense_index: 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: heel
Target surface form: heel
Context:
As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his <t>heel</t> and went back to his truck. Haney hadn't given it much thought at the time.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=heel%1:06:00:: | definition=the bottom of a shoe or boot; the back part of a shoe or boot that touches the ground and provides elevation
2. sense_key=heel%1:08:00:: | definition=the back part of the human foot
3. sense_key=heel%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is morally reprehensible | synonyms=cad, bounder, blackguard, dog, hound | examples=you dirty dog
4. sense_key=heel%1:13:00:: | definition=one of the crusty ends of a loaf of bread
5. sense_key=heel%1:06:03:: | definition=the lower end of a ship's mast
6. sense_key=heel%1:06:02:: | definition=(golf) the part of the clubhead where it joins the shaft

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target lemma and surface form:**
    *   Target lemma: `heel`
    *   Surface form: `heel`
    *   Context: A truck driver gets angry, stops his truck, walks back to curse at two men. One man stares him down. The driver stops swearing, turns on his *heel*, and goes back to his truck.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   Sense 1: Part of a shoe/boot. (Physical object - footwear).
    *   Sense 2: Back part of the human foot. (Body part).
    *   Sense 3: Morally reprehensible person (cad, bounder). (Metaphorical/Person).
    *   Sense 4: End of a loaf of bread. (Food object).
    *   Sense 5: Lower end of a ship's mast. (Nautical equipment).
    *   Sense 6: Part of a golf club. (Sports equipment).

3.  **Evaluate the context:**
    *   Phrase: "turned on his heel"
    *   Action: The driver performs a turn.
    *   Meaning of the phrase: To "turn on one's heel" is an idiom meaning to turn around sharply or suddenly. While it describes the action of turning the body, the physical part being referenced in the idiom is the anatomical heel (the back part of the foot). The pivot point for the turn is the heel of the foot.
    *   Alternative interpretation: Could it refer to a shoe heel? Often, "heel" in this context implies the body part, though one turns on the shoe heel attached to the foot. WordNet Sense 2 ("the back part of the human foot") is the primary definition for the body part. Sense 1 is the shoe part. Usually, in idioms like "turn on one's heel" or "head over heels", the reference is to the body part conceptually, even if shoes are worn.
    *   Let's compare Sense 1 and Sense 2.
        *   Sense 1: "the bottom of a shoe or boot..."
        *   Sense 2: "the back part of the human foot".
    *   The idiom "turn on one's heel" relies on the anatomy. One turns on their foot. Therefore, the anatomical sense (Sense 2) is the appropriate one here, as it refers to *his* heel (possessive determiner "his" referring to the person, not the shoe). If it said "the heel of his boot", it would be Sense 1. "His heel" strongly suggests the body part.

4.  **Check other senses:**
    *   Sense 3: Is the driver a "cad"? No, the text says he is an "angry driver" but not necessarily defining him as a "heel" (noun) in that sense. The syntax "turned on his heel" makes "heel" the object of the preposition, referring to a thing/location, not a person appositive.
    *   Sense 4: Bread? No.
    *   Sense 5: Ship mast? No.
    *   Sense 6: Golf? No.

5.  **Refine choice between Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   In linguistic annotation guidelines (like OntoNotes or standard WSD), "turn on one's heel" is associated with the body part (Sense 2).
    *   WordNet 3.0 definitions:
        *   1: bottom of a shoe...
        *   2: back part of the human foot...
    *   Context: "turned on his heel". He is turning his body. He pivots on the back part of his foot. This is the anatomical sense.

6.  **Final Selection:** Sense 2.

7.  **Formatting:** Return JSON object `{"sense_index": 2}`.

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: truck
Target surface form: truck
Context:
As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his <t>truck</t>. Haney hadn't given it much thought at the time.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=truck%1:06:00:: | definition=an automotive vehicle suitable for hauling | synonyms=motortruck
2. sense_key=truck%1:06:01:: | definition=a handcart that has a frame with two low wheels and a ledge at the bottom and handles at the top; used to move crates or other heavy objects | synonyms=hand truck

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:**
    *   **Target lemma:** `truck`
    *   **Target surface form:** `truck`
    *   **Context:** A narrative about a near-accident involving a "truck", an "angry driver", a "cab", and the driver jumping down to confront pedestrians. The specific sentence is "...went back to his <t>truck</t>."
    *   **Candidate senses:**
        1.  `truck%1:06:00::` (automotive vehicle suitable for hauling).
        2.  `truck%1:06:01::` (handcart for moving crates).
    *   **Constraint:** Choose the single best indexed sense (1 or 2). Return JSON format only. Do not use sense keys in output.

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   Keywords: "driver", "cab", "safe-driving record", "automotive vehicle", "jumped down from the cab".
    *   Action: The driver jumps down from the "cab" and walks back. Later, he goes back to his "truck".
    *   Nature of the object: It has a cab (driver's compartment). It has a driver concerned with a "safe-driving record" (implies road traffic). It is an automotive vehicle, not a handcart.

3.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses:**
    *   **Sense 1 (`truck%1:06:00::`):** Definition is "an automotive vehicle suitable for hauling". Synonyms include "motortruck".
        *   *Fit:*:**
    *   Sense 1 is the correct meaning.
    *   Index corresponds to the order provided (1 is the first, 2 is the second).

5.  **Format Output:**
    *   JSON object: `{"sense_index": 1}`

provider: Amazon Bedrock


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: give
Target surface form: given
Context:
Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck. Haney hadn't <t>given</t> it much thought at the time. Now he recalled it very clearly, and wondered what the truck driver had seen in those eyes to make him back off.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=give%2:40:03:: | definition=cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense | examples=She gave him a black eye; The draft gave me a cold
2. sense_key=give%2:40:05:: | definition=be the cause or source of | synonyms=yield, afford | examples=He gave me a lot of trouble; Our meeting afforded much interesting information
3. sense_key=give%2:40:00:: | definition=transfer possession of something concrete or abstract to somebody | examples=I gave her my money; can you give me lessons?
4. sense_key=give%2:40:07:: | definition=convey or reveal information | examples=Give one's name
5. sense_key=give%2:32:01:: | definition=convey, as of a compliment, regards, attention, etc.; bestow | synonyms=pay | examples=Don't pay him any mind; give the orders
6. sense_key=give%2:36:02:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, have, make | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
7. sense_key=give%2:32:00:: | definition=convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture | synonyms=throw | examples=Throw a glance; She gave me a dirty look
8. sense_key=give%2:40:01:: | definition=give as a present; make a gift of | synonyms=gift, present | examples=What will you give her for her birthday?
9. sense_key=give%2:36:03:: | definition=cause to happen or be responsible for | synonyms=yield | examples=His two singles gave the team the victory
10. sense_key=give%2:31:02:: | definition=dedicate | synonyms=pay, devote | examples=give thought to; give priority to
11. sense_key=give%2:36:00:: | definition=give or supply | synonyms=render, yield, return, generate | examples=The cow brings in 5 liters of milk; This year's crop yielded 1,000 bushels of corn
12. sense_key=give%2:40:09:: | definition=transmit (knowledge or skills) | synonyms=impart, leave, pass on | examples=give a secret to the Russians; leave your name and address here
13. sense_key=give%2:36:01:: | definition=bring about | synonyms=establish | examples=The trompe l'oeil-illusion establishes depth
14. sense_key=give%2:40:02:: | definition=leave with; give temporarily | examples=Can I give you my keys while I go in the pool?; Can I give you the children for the weekend?
15. sense_key=give%2:41:00:: | definition=emit or utter | examples=Give a gulp; give a yelp
16. sense_key=give%2:40:10:: | definition=endure the loss of | synonyms=sacrifice | examples=He gave his life for his children; I gave two sons to the war
17. sense_key=give%2:40:06:: | definition=place into the hands or custody of | synonyms=pass, hand, reach, pass on, turn over | examples=hand me the spoon, please; Turn the files over to me, please
18. sense_key=give%2:32:03:: | definition=give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause | synonyms=dedicate, consecrate, commit, devote | examples=She committed herself to the work of God; give one's talents to a good cause
19. sense_key=give%2:40:13:: | definition=give (as medicine) | examples=I gave him the drug
20. sense_key=give%2:40:14:: | definition=give or convey physically | synonyms=apply | examples=She gave him First Aid; I gave him a punch in the nose
21. sense_key=give%2:32:02:: | definition=bestow | synonyms=render | examples=give homage; render thanks
22. sense_key=give%2:40:11:: | definition=bestow, especially officially | synonyms=grant | examples=grant a degree; give a divorce
23. sense_key=give%2:38:00:: | definition=move in order to make room for someone for something | synonyms=move over, give way, ease up, yield | examples=The park gave way to a supermarket; `Move over,' he told the crowd
24. sense_key=give%2:34:00:: | definition=give food to | synonyms=feed | examples=Feed the starving children in India; don't give the child this tough meat
25. sense_key=give%2:40:08:: | definition=contribute to some cause | synonyms=contribute, chip in, kick in | examples=I gave at the office
26. sense_key=give%2:38:13:: | definition=break down, literally or metaphorically | synonyms=collapse, fall in, cave in, give way, break, founder | examples=The wall collapsed; The business collapsed
27. sense_key=give%2:31:00:: | definition=estimate the duration or outcome of something | examples=He gave the patient three months to live; I gave him a very good chance at success
28. sense_key=give%2:41:10:: | definition=execute and deliver | examples=Give bond
29. sense_key=give%2:40:12:: | definition=deliver in exchange or recompense | examples=I'll give you three books for four CDs
30. sense_key=give%2:40:15:: | definition=afford access to | synonyms=afford, open | examples=the door opens to the patio; The French doors give onto a terrace
31. sense_key=give%2:36:13:: | definition=present to view | examples=He gave the sign to start
32. sense_key=give%2:36:12:: | definition=perform for an audience | examples=Pollini is giving another concert in New York
33. sense_key=give%2:35:00:: | definition=be flexible under stress of physical force | synonyms=yield | examples=This material doesn't give
34. sense_key=give%2:34:10:: | definition=propose | examples=He gave the first of many toasts at the birthday party
35. sense_key=give%2:32:11:: | definition=accord by verdict | examples=give a decision for the plaintiff
36. sense_key=give%2:32:08:: | definition=manifest or show | examples=This student gives promise of real creativity; The office gave evidence of tampering
37. sense_key=give%2:32:15:: | definition=offer in good faith | examples=He gave her his word
38. sense_key=give%2:32:14:: | definition=submit for consideration, judgment, or use | examples=give one's opinion; give an excuse
39. sense_key=give%2:32:09:: | definition=guide or direct, as by behavior of persuasion | examples=You gave me to think that you agreed with me
40. sense_key=give%2:32:07:: | definition=allow to have or take | examples=I give you two minutes to respond
41. sense_key=give%2:32:10:: | definition=inflict as a punishment | examples=She gave the boy a good spanking; The judge gave me 10 years
42. sense_key=give%2:30:13:: | definition=occur | examples=what gives?
43. sense_key=give%2:29:11:: | definition=consent to engage in sexual intercourse with a man | examples=She gave herself to many men
44. sense_key=give%2:29:10:: | definition=proffer (a body part) | examples=She gave her hand to her little sister

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "given" in the context: "Haney hadn't given it much thought at the time."

Let me analyze this. The construction is "give thought to something" or "give something thought." Here, Haney hadn't given much thought to something (the situation).

This is about mental attention or dedication of mental resources. The phrase "give thought to" means to think about, consider, or devote mental attention to something.

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=give%2:40:03:: - "cause to have" - not quite right
2. sense_key=give%2:40:05:: - "be the cause or source of" - not quite right
3. sense_key=give%2:40:00:: - "transfer possession" - no
4. sense_key=give%2:40:07:: - "convey or reveal information" - no
5. sense_key=give%2:32:01:: - "convey, as of a compliment, regards, attention, etc.; bestow" - this mentions "attention" which is somewhat related
6. sense_key=give%2:36:02:: - "organize or be responsible for" - no
7. sense_key=give%2:32:00:: - "convey or communicate; of a smile, a look" - no
8. sense_key=give%2:40:01:: - "give as a present" - no
9. sense_key=give%2:36:03:: - "cause to happen" - no
10. sense_key=give%2:31:02:: - "dedicate" with synonyms "pay, devote" and examples "give thought to; give priority to" - THIS IS IT! The example literally says "give thought to"
11. sense_key=give%2:36:00:: - "give or supply" - not quite
12. sense_key=give%2:40:09:: - "transmit knowledge or skills" - no
13. sense_key=give%2:36:01:: - "bring about" - no
14. sense_key=give%2:40:02:: - "leave with; give temporarily" - no
15. sense_key=give%2:41:00:: - "emit or utter" - no
16. sense_key=give%2:40:10:: - "endure the loss of" - no
17. sense_key=give%2:40:06:: - "place into the hands or custody of" - no
18. sense_key=give%2:32:03:: - "give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause" with synonyms "dedicate, consecrate, commit, devote" - this is similar to #10 but #10 specifically has "give thought to" as an example
19-44: These don't seem to fit

Sense #10 (sense_key=give%2:31:02::) is clearly the best match because:
- Definition: "dedicate"
- Synonyms: "pay, devote"
- Examples include: "give thought to; give priority to"

The example "give thought to" directly matches the usage in this context: "Haney hadn't given it much thought" = "Haney hadn't given much thought to it."

So the answer is sense_index 10.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: thought
Target surface form: thought
Context:
Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck. Haney hadn't given it much <t>thought</t> at the time. Now he recalled it very clearly, and wondered what the truck driver had seen in those eyes to make him back off.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=thought%1:09:01:: | definition=the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about | synonyms=idea | examples=it was not a good idea; the thought never entered my mind
2. sense_key=thought%1:09:00:: | definition=the process of using your mind to consider something carefully | synonyms=thinking, thought process, cerebration, intellection, mentation | examples=thinking always made him frown; she paused for thought
3. sense_key=thought%1:09:02:: | definition=the organized beliefs of a period or group or individual | examples=19th century thought; Darwinian thought
4. sense_key=thought%1:09:03:: | definition=a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty | synonyms=opinion, sentiment, persuasion, view | examples=my opinion differs from yours; I am not of your persuasion

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the User's Request:**
    *   **Task:** Fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the target lemma "thought" (surface form "thought").
    *   **Context:** A narrative snippet describing an interaction between Haney, a stranger, and a truck driver. The specific sentence is: "Haney hadn't given it much thought at the time."
    *   **Candidate Senses:** Four specific WordNet senses provided with sense keys, definitions, synonyms, and examples.
    *   **Constraints:** Choose the single best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Return only a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`.

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   Target phrase: "Haney hadn't given it much *thought* at the time."
    *   Meaning in context: Haney didn't think about the event deeply or for a long duration when it happened. It implies a mental process or act of considering something.
    *   Contrast: "Now he recalled it very clearly..." implies he is thinking about it now, but back then, he didn't spend much mental energy on it.

3.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `thought%1:09:01::`
        *   Definition: "the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about"
        *   Synonyms: idea
        *   Examples: "the thought never entered my mind"
        *   Analysis: This refers to a specific *idea* or unit of mental content (e.g., "I had a thought about dinner"). In the context "give it much thought," "thought" acts more like the activity than the specific content/idea. While one can swap "idea" into "give it much idea" (grammatically incorrect/idiom failure), the definition fits "a specific thing you are thinking about," not the *act* of thinking.

    *   **Sense 2:** `thought%1:09:00::`
        *   Definition: "the process of using your mind to consider something carefully"
        *   Synonyms: thinking, thought process, cerebration, intellection, mentation
        *   Examples: "she paused for thought"
        *   Analysis: The phrase "give something thought" or "give it much thought" is a standard idiom. It means to dedicate mental processing time to something. The definition "process of using your mind to consider something carefully" aligns perfectly. Substituting synonyms: "Haney hadn't given it much *thinking* at the time" or "Haney hadn't given it much *consideration* at the time." This fits the syntax and semantics. The example "she paused for thought" is structurally similar to "give it thought" (both refer to the act/process).

    *   **Sense 3:** `thought%1:09:02::`
        *   Definition: "the organized beliefs of a period or group or individual"
        *   Examples: "19th century thought"
        *   Analysis: This refers to a body of philosophy or collective ideology. It does not fit the context of an individual briefly considering a specific event.

    *   **Sense 4:** `thought%1:09:03::`
        *   Definition: "a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty"
        *   Synonyms: opinion, sentiment
        *   Examples: "my opinion differs from yours"
        *   Analysis: This refers to an opinion. While Haney might have an opinion, the context "give it much thought" refers to the *act* of considering, not the resulting opinion held. You don't "give it much opinion."

4.  **Compare and Decide:**
    *   Sense 1 is about content (an idea).
    *   Sense 2 is about process (thinking).
    *   Sense 3 is about collective belief systems.
    *   Sense 4 is about opinion.

    The phrase "give thought to something" equates to "think about something" or "consider something." This is the process of cognition. Sense 2 defines this as "the process of using your mind to consider something carefully." The synonym "thinking" fits perfectly.

    Let's check the sense index mapping again.
    1 = content/idea
    2 = process/thinking
    3 = organized beliefs
    4 = opinion

    The context "Haney hadn't given it much thought" means he hadn't engaged in the process of considering it carefully. This matches Sense 2.

5.  **Final Output Formulation:**
    *   Target Sense: Sense 2.
    *   JSON format: `{"sense_index": 2}`.

provider: Together


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: recall
Target surface form: recalled
Context:
By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck. Haney hadn't given it much thought at the time. Now he <t>recalled</t> it very clearly, and wondered what the truck driver had seen in those eyes to make him back off. It must have been the sort of look that can call a bluff without saying a word.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=recall%2:31:00:: | definition=recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection | synonyms=remember, retrieve, call back, call up, recollect, think | examples=I can't remember saying any such thing; I can't think what her last name was
2. sense_key=recall%2:32:00:: | definition=go back to something earlier | synonyms=hark back, return, come back | examples=This harks back to a previous remark of his
3. sense_key=recall%2:42:00:: | definition=call to mind | synonyms=echo | examples=His words echoed John F. Kennedy
4. sense_key=recall%2:32:02:: | definition=summon to return | synonyms=call back | examples=The ambassador was recalled to his country; The company called back many of the workers it had laid off during the recession
5. sense_key=recall%2:31:06:: | definition=cause one's (or someone else's) thoughts or attention to return from a reverie or digression | examples=She was recalled by a loud laugh
6. sense_key=recall%2:41:00:: | definition=make unavailable; bar from sale or distribution | examples=The company recalled the product when it was found to be faulty
7. sense_key=recall%2:40:00:: | definition=cause to be returned | synonyms=call in, call back, withdraw | examples=recall the defective auto tires; The manufacturer tried to call back the spoilt yoghurt

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context**: The target word is "recalled" (past tense of "recall"). The sentence is: "Now he [Haney] recalled it very clearly, and wondered what the truck driver had seen in those eyes to make him back off."
    *   The context describes Haney thinking back to an event that happened earlier (a confrontation with a truck driver and a stranger).
    *   He is bringing a memory into his conscious mind.
    *   He remembers the event "very clearly".

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses**:

    *   **Sense 1**: `recall%2:31:00::` | definition="recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection" | synonyms="remember, retrieve, call back, call up, recollect, think".
        *   This fits the context perfectly. Haney is remembering an event from the past. The phrase "recalled it very clearly" is a classic collocate for this sense of memory retrieval.

    *   **Sense 2**: `recall%2:32:00::` | definition="go back to something earlier" | synonyms="hark back, return, come back".
        *   This usually refers to a discussion or an argument returning to a previous topic, or something resembling something earlier. It doesn't fit the subject "Haney" remembering an event in this specific way.

    *   **Sense 3**: `recall%2:42:00::` | definition="call to mind" | synonyms="echo".
        *   The example "His words echoed John F. Kennedy" suggests this is about resemblance or style, not personal memory retrieval. While "call to mind" is similar to sense 1, the specific examples and synonyms ("echo") point to a different nuance (resembling something else).

    *   **Sense 4**: `recall%2:32:02::` | definition="summon to return" | synonyms="call back".
        *   This is about ordering someone (like an ambassador) to come back. Not relevant here.

    *   **Sense 5**: `recall%2:31:06::` | definition="cause one's (or someone else's) thoughts or attention to return from a reverie or digression".
        *   This is usually transitive with an external agent (e.g., "She was recalled by a loud laugh"). Haney is recalling *it* (the event), not being recalled *from* a daydream.

    *   **Sense 6**: `recall%2:41:00::` | definition="make unavailable; bar from sale or distribution".
        *   This is the product recall sense. Not relevant.

    *   **Sense 7**: `recall%2:40:00::` | definition="cause to be returned" | synonyms="call in, call back, withdraw".
        *   Similar to sense 6, often used for products or orders.

3.  **Select the best sense**:
    *   Haney is remembering an event. This corresponds to Sense 1 ("recall knowledge from memory").
    *   The definition "have a recollection" matches the action.
    *   The synonym "remember" is the most direct replacement in the sentence: "Now he *remembered* it very clearly."

4.  **Format output**:
    *   Sense 1 is the correct index.
    *   JSON format required: `{"sense_index": 1}`.

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: wonder
Target surface form: wondered
Context:
By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck. Haney hadn't given it much thought at the time. Now he recalled it very clearly, and <t>wondered</t> what the truck driver had seen in those eyes to make him back off. It must have been the sort of look that can call a bluff without saying a word.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=wonder%2:31:00:: | definition=have a wish or desire to know something | synonyms=inquire, enquire | examples=He wondered who had built this beautiful church
2. sense_key=wonder%2:32:01:: | definition=place in doubt or express doubtful speculation | synonyms=question | examples=I wonder whether this was the right thing to do; she wondered whether it would snow tonight
3. sense_key=wonder%2:32:12:: | definition=be amazed at | synonyms=marvel | examples=We marvelled at the child's linguistic abilities

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Lemma:** The target lemma is "wonder" (verb), specifically the past tense form "wondered".

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The sentence is: "Now he recalled it very clearly, and <t>wondered</t> what the truck driver had seen in those eyes to make him back off."
    *   The subject is "he" (Haney).
    *   Haney is recalling a past event.
    *   He is thinking about *what* caused a specific reaction (the truck driver backing off).
    *   The core meaning here is mental curiosity or speculation about a specific fact or cause ("what the truck driver had seen"). He wants to know the answer to a question in his mind.

3.  **Analyze Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:**
        *   *Definition:* "have a wish or desire to know something"
        *   *Synonyms:* inquire, enquire
        *   *Examples:* "He wondered who had built this beautiful church"
        *   *Analysis:* This fits the context perfectly. Haney wants to know what the driver saw. It involves asking a question internally (mental inquiry). The example "He wondered who had built this beautiful church" parallels "wondered what the truck driver had seen".

    *   **Sense 2:**
        *   *Definition:* "place in doubt or express doubtful speculation"
        *   *Synonyms:* question
        *   *Examples:* "I wonder whether this was the right thing to do", "she wondered whether it would snow tonight"
        *   *Analysis:* This sense often involves uncertainty about an outcome or a moral judgment ("whether..."). While Haney is speculating, the context isn't about doubting the validity of something or questioning a decision in a "doubtful" way (like questioning if it happened), but rather seeking an explanation for a known event. It's a specific search for information ("what did he see?"), not just general doubt/speculation about a future or conditional event. However, the line between Sense 1 and Sense 2 can be thin in WordNet. Let's look closer.
        *   Sense 1 is "desire to know something".
        *   Sense 2 is "place in doubt or express doubtful speculation".
        *   The context "wondered what the truck driver had seen" implies he is trying to figure it out/understand it. This leans heavily toward the "desire to know" (Sense 1). Sense 2 examples usually involve "whether" or "if", implying a state of uncertainty about a proposition rather than a quest for specific factual information (Who built the church? What did he see?).

    *   **Sense 3:**
        *   *Definition:* "be amazed at"
        *   *Synonyms:* marvel
        *   *Examples:* "We marvelled at the child's linguistic abilities"
        *   *Analysis:* This sense involves admiration or awe. Haney is not feeling awe or amazement here. He is trying to understand a mystery. This is incorrect.

4.  **Distinguish Sense 1 vs. Sense 2:**
    *   Sense 1 (Inquire/Enquire): Focus is on the *desire to know* specific information. Example: "wondered who had built..." -> seeking the identity.
    *   Sense 2 (Question/Doubt): Focus is on *speculation* or *uncertainty* regarding a proposition. Example: "wonder whether this was the right thing". The example structures differ (Wh-questions vs Whether/If questions).
    *   The target sentence uses a Wh-clause: "wondered **what** the truck driver had seen".
    *   This aligns structurally and semantically with Sense 1's example: "wondered **who** had built...".
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.

5.  **Final Selection:** Sense 1.

6.  **Formatting Output:** JSON object `{"sense_index": 1}`.