[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: play
Target surface form: play
Context:
Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program. We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not <t>play</t> truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=play%2:33:00:: | definition=participate in games or sport | examples=We played hockey all afternoon; play cards
2. sense_key=play%2:41:12:: | definition=act or have an effect in a specified way or with a specific effect or outcome | examples=This factor played only a minor part in his decision; This development played into her hands
3. sense_key=play%2:36:12:: | definition=play on an instrument | examples=The band played all night long
4. sense_key=play%2:36:02:: | definition=play a role or part | synonyms=act, represent | examples=Gielgud played Hamlet; She wants to act Lady Macbeth, but she is too young for the role
5. sense_key=play%2:41:03:: | definition=be at play; be engaged in playful activity; amuse oneself in a way characteristic of children | examples=The kids were playing outside all day; I used to play with trucks as a little girl
6. sense_key=play%2:36:00:: | definition=replay (as a melody) | synonyms=spiel | examples=Play it again, Sam; She played the third movement very beautifully
7. sense_key=play%2:36:01:: | definition=perform music on (a musical instrument) | examples=He plays the flute; Can you play on this old recorder?
8. sense_key=play%2:29:01:: | definition=pretend to have certain qualities or state of mind | synonyms=act, act as | examples=He acted the idiot; She plays deaf when the news are bad
9. sense_key=play%2:38:00:: | definition=move or seem to move quickly, lightly, or irregularly | examples=The spotlights played on the politicians
10. sense_key=play%2:33:01:: | definition=bet or wager (money) | examples=He played $20 on the new horse; She plays the races
11. sense_key=play%2:41:00:: | definition=engage in recreational activities rather than work; occupy oneself in a diversion | synonyms=recreate | examples=On weekends I play; The students all recreate alike
12. sense_key=play%2:36:06:: | definition=pretend to be somebody in the framework of a game or playful activity | examples=Let's play like I am mommy; Play cowboy and Indians
13. sense_key=play%2:36:11:: | definition=emit recorded sound | examples=The tape was playing for hours; the stereo was playing Beethoven when I entered
14. sense_key=play%2:36:03:: | definition=perform on a certain location | examples=The prodigy played Carnegie Hall at the age of 16; She has been playing on Broadway for years
15. sense_key=play%2:33:03:: | definition=put (a card or piece) into play during a game, or act strategically as if in a card game | examples=He is playing his cards close to his chest; The Democrats still have some cards to play before they will concede the electoral victory
16. sense_key=play%2:29:00:: | definition=engage in an activity as if it were a game rather than take it seriously | synonyms=toy | examples=They played games on their opponents; play the stock market
17. sense_key=play%2:41:02:: | definition=behave in a certain way | examples=play safe; play it safe
18. sense_key=play%2:36:05:: | definition=cause to emit recorded audio or video | synonyms=run | examples=They ran the tapes over and over again; I'll play you my favorite record
19. sense_key=play%2:35:00:: | definition=manipulate manually or in one's mind or imagination | synonyms=toy, fiddle, diddle | examples=She played nervously with her wedding ring; Don't fiddle with the screws
20. sense_key=play%2:34:13:: | definition=use to one's advantage | examples=She plays on her clients' emotions
21. sense_key=play%2:31:01:: | definition=consider not very seriously | synonyms=dally, trifle | examples=He is trifling with her; She plays with the thought of moving to Tasmania
22. sense_key=play%2:42:00:: | definition=be received or accepted or interpreted in a specific way | examples=This speech didn't play well with the American public; His remarks played to the suspicions of the committee
23. sense_key=play%2:41:13:: | definition=behave carelessly or indifferently | synonyms=dally, toy, flirt | examples=Play about with a young girl's affection
24. sense_key=play%2:38:03:: | definition=cause to move or operate freely within a bounded space | examples=The engine has a wheel that is playing in a rack
25. sense_key=play%2:36:10:: | definition=perform on a stage or theater | synonyms=act, roleplay, playact | examples=She acts in this play; He acted in `Julius Caesar'
26. sense_key=play%2:36:04:: | definition=be performed or presented for public viewing | examples=What's playing in the local movie theater?; `Cats' has been playing on Broadway for many years
27. sense_key=play%2:36:13:: | definition=cause to happen or to occur as a consequence | synonyms=bring, work, wreak, make for | examples=I cannot work a miracle; wreak havoc
28. sense_key=play%2:35:07:: | definition=discharge or direct or be discharged or directed as if in a continuous stream | examples=play water from a hose; The fountains played all day
29. sense_key=play%2:33:07:: | definition=make bets | examples=Play the races; play the casinos in Trouville
30. sense_key=play%2:33:08:: | definition=stake on the outcome of an issue | synonyms=bet, wager | examples=I bet $100 on that new horse; She played all her money on the dark horse
31. sense_key=play%2:33:09:: | definition=shoot or hit in a particular manner | examples=She played a good backhand last night
32. sense_key=play%2:33:13:: | definition=use or move | examples=I had to play my queen
33. sense_key=play%2:33:12:: | definition=employ in a game or in a specific position | examples=They played him on first base
34. sense_key=play%2:33:02:: | definition=contend against an opponent in a sport, game, or battle | synonyms=meet, encounter, take on | examples=Princeton plays Yale this weekend; Charlie likes to play Mary
35. sense_key=play%2:29:04:: | definition=exhaust by allowing to pull on the line | examples=play a hooked fish

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "play" in the context: "they should see to it that their kids do not play truant"

The phrase here is "play truant" which is a specific idiomatic expression. Let me analyze this.

"Play truant" means to stay away from school without permission. This is a fixed expression where "play" is used in a specific way.

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. play%2:33:00:: - participate in games or sport - No, not about games or sports
2. play%2:41:12:: - act or have an effect in a specified way - No
3. play%2:36:12:: - play on an instrument - No
4. play%2:36:02:: - play a role or part - No, not acting
5. play%2:41:03:: - be at play; be engaged in playful activity - No
6. play%2:36:00:: - replay (as a melody) - No
7. play%2:36:01:: - perform music on (a musical instrument) - No
8. play%2:29:01:: - pretend to have certain qualities or state of mind - "He acted the idiot; She plays deaf when the news are bad" - This could potentially fit since playing truant involves pretending/acting as if you're not supposed to be in school
9. play%2:38:00:: - move or seem to move quickly, lightly, or irregularly - No
10. play%2:33:01:: - bet or wager (money) - No
11. play%2:41:00:: - engage in recreational activities rather than work - No
12. play%2:36:06:: - pretend to be somebody in the framework of a game or playful activity - No
13. play%2:36:11:: - emit recorded sound - No
14. play%2:36:03:: - perform on a certain location - No
15. play%2:33:03:: - put (a card or piece) into play during a game - No
16. play%2: potentially be related
17. play%2:41:02:: - behave in a certain way - "play safe; play it safe" - This is about behaving in a certain manner
18. play%2:36:05:: - cause to emit recorded audio or video - No
19. play%2:35:00:: - manipulate manually or in one's mind or imagination - No carelessly or indifferently - "Play about with a young girl's affection" - Could relate to the careless behavior aspect of truancy
24. play%2:38:03:: - cause to move or operate freely within a bounded space - No
25. play%2:36:10:: - perform on a stage or theater - No
26. play%2:36:04:: - be performed or presented for public viewing - No
27. play%2:36:13:: - cause to happen or to occur as a consequence - No
28. play%2:35:07:: - discharge or direct or be discharged or directed - No
29. play%2:33:07:: - make bets - No
30. play%2:33:08:: - stake on the outcome of an issue - No
31. play%2:33:09:: - shoot or hit in a particular manner - No
32. play%2:33:12:: - use or move - No
33. play%2:33:13:: - employ in a game or in a specific position - No
34., they stay away from school without permission. This is about behaving in a certain way - specifically, behaving as someone who is absent from school when they should be there.

Looking at sense 17 (play%2:41:02::) - "behave in a certain way" with examples "play safe; play it safe" - this seems like the closest match. "Play truant" follows the same pattern as "play safe" - it's about behaving in a certain manner.

Actually, let me reconsider. Sense 8 (play%2:29:01::) - "pretend to have certain qualities or state of mind" with synonyms "act, act as" and examples "He acted the idiot; She plays deaf when the news are bad" - this could also be relevant. Playing truant involves a kind of pretending or acting as if you don't need to be in school.

But I think sense 17 is the better fit. "Play truant" is about behaving in a certain way (staying away from school), similar to how "play safe" is about behaving carefully. The structure is "play [adjective/participle]" where you behave according to that descriptor.

Let me look at sense 23 (play%2:41:13::) - "behave carelessly or indifferently" with examples "Play about with a young girl's affection" - playing truant could be seen as careless behavior, but the example given is more about emotional manipulation.

I think sense 17 (play%2:41:02::) - "behave in a certain way" - is the most appropriate. The phrase "play truant" means to behave as someone who is truant (staying away from school without permission).

The answer should be sense_index: 17

provider: Amazon Bedrock


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: child
Target surface form: children
Context:
Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program. We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the <t>children</t> spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=child%1:18:00:: | definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
2. sense_key=child%1:18:01:: | definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=kid | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
3. sense_key=child%1:18:06:: | definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=baby | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
4. sense_key=child%1:18:07:: | definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output: sense_index": 2}

finish_reason: stop

content: sense_index": 2}

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: "child" (plural: "children").
    *   Context sentence: "If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another." (Wait, looking closer at the specific target instance marked by `<t>children</t>`).
    *   Target instance sentence: "They should make certain that the <t>children</t> spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card."
    *   Broader context: The text discusses parental involvement in education, "Parental involvement", report cards, homework, truancy, and schools. It contrasts parents' roles at home vs. at school. It mentions "educational limitations of their children".

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   **Sense 1 (child%1:18:00::):** Definition: "a young person of either sex". Synonyms: kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry. Examples: "she writes books for children". Focus is on youth/age (pre-puberty/adolescence usually).
    *   **Sense 2 (child%1:18:01::):** Definition: "a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age". Synonyms: kid. Examples: "they had three children", "send their kids to college". Focus is on the relationship to the parent.
    *   **Sense 3 (child%1:18:06::):** Definition: "an immature childish person". Synonyms: baby. Examples: "remained a child in practical matters". Focus is on behavior/maturity level (derogatory or figurative).
4 (child%1:18:07::):** Definition: "a member of a clan or tribe". Examples: "children of Israel". Focus is on group membership (often archaic or specific idioms).

3.  **Disambiguation process:**
    *   The context refers to "parents" and "their children".
    *   The relationship explicitly mentioned is "parents" -> "children".
    *   The context involves "homework", "report card", "play truant", "first grade". These imply the subjects are young people (school age).
    *   However, there is a nuance between Sense 1 (young person) and Sense 2 (offspring).
    *   In WordNet, Sense 1 emphasizes the age (young person). Sense 2 emphasizes the kinship relation (offspring of any age).
    *   Let's look at the specific phrase: "educational limitations of their children", "make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework".
    *   The text uses "children" and "kids" interchangeably ("kids do not play truant").
    *   Does the context emphasize the *age* or the *relationship*?
        *   "Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children." -> Relationship is primary here. Even if they were adults, they would still be their offspring, though the context implies school age.
        *   "make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework." -> They are young (Sense 1), but they are defined relative to the parents ("their children").
    *   Let's look at the overlap Often, "children" in a family context is Sense 2, while "children" in a demographic context (e.g., "children under 5") is Sense 1.
    *   The sentence says: "Parents should be involved with their children's education... make certain that the <t>children</t> spend enough time..."
    *   The possession "their children" strongly points to the relationship.
    *   Let's check the WordNet definitions again.
        *   Sense 1: "a young person of either sex".
        *   Sense 2: "a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age".
    *   In common usage, if I say "My children are in school", they satisfy both definitions. Which is primary?
    *   Usually, when possessive pronouns ("their children") are used, it highlights the familial relationship. If the sentence were "The children played in the park," Sense 1 is more likely. When discussing parents' responsibilities *toward* their children, the kinship aspect is foregrounded.
    *   However, WordNet sense distinctions can be tricky.
    *   Let's check the examples provided in the prompt.
        *   Sense 1 example: "she writes books for children". (No possessive, group demographic).
        *   Sense 2 example: "they had three children". (Familial relationship/count). "send their kids to college". (Possessive).
    *   The target sentence: "make certain that the <t>children</t> spend enough time doing homework".
    *   This is almost identical to the Sense 2 example "send their kids to college" (possessive parents, action involving the children). The children are the offspring of the parents mentioned.
    *   Wait, are the children here necessarily "of any age"? No, they are doing homework. They are young. Does that force Sense 1?
    *   Linguistically, Sense 2 (offspring) is the hypernymic relationship to the parent. Sense 1 is often a hyponym of "person" restricted by age.
    *   If a father speaks of his 20-year-old son, he might say "my child". If he speaks of his 10-year-old, he says "my child". The word "child" covers both. But "children" in "school children" usually hits the age sense.
    *   Let's look at the synonyms.
        *   Sense 1: youngster, minor, small fry. (Age-specific).
        *   Sense 2: kid. (Ambiguous, can mean offspring or young person).
    *   Let's look at the previous sentence: "Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children."
    *   And the specific target: "make certain that the <t>children</t> spend enough time doing homework".
    *   The defining characteristic here is that these are the people belonging to the parents. The word "kids" is used in the previous sentence ("their kids do not play truant").
    *   In standard WSD datasets (like SemCor), "children" preceded by a possessive (my, their, etc.) is overwhelmingly annotated as Sense 2 (offspring).
    *   Even though the context (homework) implies youth (Sense 1), the possession ("their children") makes the kinship relation the defining feature for WordNet sense tagging conventions. Sense 2 "offspring of any age" includes young offspring, so it covers this usage. Sense 1 "young person" misses the kinship aspect.
    *   Therefore, Sense 2 is the better fit for "their children" in a parent-child relationship context.

    *   *Self-Correction/Refinement*: Let's double check Sense 1. "a young person of either sex". If I replace "children" with "youngsters" or "minors" in the sentence: "make certain that the *youngsters* spend enough time doing homework." It sounds acceptable but slightly detached.
    *   If I replace with "offspring" (Sense 2): "make certain that the *offspring* spend enough time..." It sounds stiff, but captures the relation.
    *   However, let's look at the WordNet hierarchy. Sense 2 is usually "child" as in "I have two children". Sense 1 is "child" as in "Children played in the street".
    *   Here we have "their children". This is the classic construction for Sense 2.
    *   The example for Sense 2 is "send their kids to college". The target sentence is about homework/school.
    *   The key discriminator is usually the possessive determiner.
    *   Context: "Parents should be involved with their children's education..."
    *   Target: "...make certain that the children..."
    *   The referent is "their children" mentioned earlier.
    *   Decision: Sense 2.

    Let's verify indices.
    1 -> young person
    2 -> offspring
    3 -> immature person
    4 -> clan member

    My choice is Sense 2.

    Reasoning summary for the output (internal check):
    The context emphasizes the relationship between parents and their offspring. The phrase "their children" (and the antecedent "parents") highlights the kinship role ("offspring") rather than just the age group. While the children are indeed young (doing homework), WordNet sense 2 (offspring of any age) is the standard classification for "children" in possessive constructions regarding family relations, as seen in the example "send their kids to college". Sense 1 is typically used for the age group generally (e.g., "children under 12"). Sense 3 is figurative/behavioral. Sense 4 is idiomatic. Thus, Sense 2 is the correct choice.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: child
Target surface form: children
Context:
Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program. We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the <t>children</t> spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=child%1:18:00:: | definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
2. sense_key=child%1:18:01:: | definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=kid | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
3. sense_key=child%1:18:06:: | definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=baby | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
4. sense_key=child%1:18:07:: | definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

[Assistant] sense_index": 2}

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 4. Return only valid JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:**
    *   Target lemma: *child*
    *   Target surface form: *children*
    *   Context: A text discussing education, parental involvement, homework, truancy, and report cards. The specific sentence is: "they should make certain that the <t>children</t> spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card."
    *   Candidate senses: Four WordNet-style senses provided with definitions, synonyms, and examples.
    *   Constraint: Choose a single best indexed sense (1, 2, 3, or 4). Return only a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`.

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The sentence discusses parents making sure "their children" do homework and checking report cards.
    *   The surrounding text mentions "parents should be involved with their children's education", "their kids do not play truant".
    *   The relationship highlighted is the parent-child relationship.
    *   The activities (homework, report cards, truancy) imply school-age individuals, but the defining relationship in this specific clause ("parents... involved with *their* children's education") emphasizes the offspring status relative to the parents.

3.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** "a young person of either sex" (synonyms: kid, youngster, etc.).
        *   *Focus:* Age/youth.
        *   *Fit:* The children in the text are likely young (school age), but the relationship "their children" strongly points to the biological/legal relationship rather than just their age group. If the text said "There were many children playing in the park," Sense 1 would be better.

    *   **Sense 2:** "a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age" (synonyms: kid).
        *   *Focus:* Biological/filial relationship.
        *   *Fit:* The text repeatedly uses "parents" and "their children". The possessive "their" indicates belonging/offspring status. The context is about parental responsibilities toward their offspring. Even though the context implies they are young enough to be in school, the core semantic role here is being the *offspring* of the parents. Sense 2 covers the "son or daughter" aspect. WordNet often distinguishes "young person" (Sense 1) from "offspring" (Sense 2).
        *   *Differentiation:* In "their children", the reference is primarily to the parents' offspring. If I say "I love my children", I mean my offspring (Sense 2), even if they are young. If I say "The children are playing", I refer to young people (Sense 1). The text says "parents... involved with their children's education... limitations of their children...". The parent-child relationship is the dominant frame.

    *   **Sense 3:** "an immature childish person" (synonyms: baby).
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect. The context is about education and responsibility, not immaturity or pejorative behavior.

    *   **Sense 4:** "a member of a clan or tribe".
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect. Biblical or anthropological context not present here.

4.  **Select the Best Sense:**
    *   The choice is between Sense 1 (young person) and Sense 2 (offspring).
    *   The phrase "their children" almost always maps to Sense 2 in WordNet annotation schemes (like OntoNotes or SemCor) because the possessive determiner highlights the familial relationship.
    *   WordNet definition for Sense 2: "a human offspring... of any age".
    *   The sentence "they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework" refers to the parents' offspring. The fact that they are young is secondary to the relationship defined by "parents... their children".
    *   Let's look at the examples for Sense 2: "they had three children". This fits the "parent-child" dynamic of the source text.
    *   Let's look at the examples for Sense 1: "she writes books for children". This is a general group of young people, not specific offspring.
    *   The text emphasizes *parental involvement*. Therefore, the offspring sense (Sense 2) is the precise definition required for "their children".

5.  **Final Decision:** Sense 2 is the correct choice because the context focuses on the parent-offspring relationship.

6.  **Formatting:** Return `{"sense_index": 2}`.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: spend
Target surface form: spend
Context:
Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program. We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children <t>spend</t> enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=spend%2:42:00:: | definition=pass time in a specific way | synonyms=pass | examples=how are you spending your summer vacation?
2. sense_key=spend%2:40:00:: | definition=pay out | synonyms=expend, drop | examples=spend money
3. sense_key=spend%2:40:01:: | definition=spend completely | examples=I spend my pocket money in two days

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:**
    *   Target lemma: "spend"
    *   Target surface form: "spend"
    *   Context: Parents should make certain that the children *spend* enough time doing homework...
    *   Candidate senses (3 provided).
    *   Task: Choose the single best indexed sense.
    *   Output format: JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`.

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The sentence is: "...they should make certain that the children **spend** enough time doing homework..."
    *   The object of "spend" here is "enough time".
    *   The action involves the usage or consumption of a duration of time.
    *   It is *not* about paying money.

3.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `spend%2:42:00::` | definition=pass time in a specific way | synonyms=pass | examples=how are you spending your summer vacation?
        *   Analysis: This sense deals with "time". The example "spending your summer vacation" matches the concept of spending time doing homework. The definition "pass time in a specific way" aligns perfectly with spending time doing homework.
    *   **Sense 2:** `spend%2:40:00::` | definition=pay out | synonyms=expend, drop | examples=spend money
        *   Analysis: This sense deals with money (pay out). The context mentions "time", not money. This is incorrect.
    *   **Sense 3:** `spend%2:40:01::` | definition=spend completely | examples=I spend my pocket money in two days
        *   Analysis: This sense also deals with money (pocket money) and implies using it all up. The context is about time allocation, not exhausting a resource completely (though time is a resource, the core meaning here is duration/passing of time, not depletion of funds). Sense 1 is much closer than Sense 3.

4.  **Match Context to Best Sense:**
    *   The phrase "spend time" maps directly to Sense 1.
    *   Sense 1 definition: "pass time in a specific way".
    *   Context usage: "spend ... time doing homework".
    *   This is a clear instance of Sense 1.

5.  **Formulate Output:**
    *   The correct sense index is 1.
    *   Output JSON: `{"sense_index": 1}`.

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: time
Target surface form: time
Context:
Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program. We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough <t>time</t> doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=time%1:11:00:: | definition=an instance or single occasion for some event | synonyms=clip | examples=this time he succeeded; he called four times
2. sense_key=time%1:28:05:: | definition=a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something | examples=take time to smell the roses; I didn't have time to finish
3. sense_key=time%1:28:00:: | definition=an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities) | examples=he waited a long time; the time of year for planting
4. sense_key=time%1:28:06:: | definition=a suitable moment | examples=it is time to go
5. sense_key=time%1:03:00:: | definition=the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past
6. sense_key=time%1:11:01:: | definition=a person's experience on a particular occasion | examples=he had a time holding back the tears; they had a good time together
7. sense_key=time%1:28:03:: | definition=a reading of a point in time as given by a clock | synonyms=clock time | examples=do you know what time it is?; the time is 10 o'clock
8. sense_key=time%1:28:04:: | definition=the fourth coordinate that is required (along with three spatial dimensions) to specify a physical event | synonyms=fourth dimension
9. sense_key=time%1:07:01:: | definition=rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration | synonyms=meter, metre
10. sense_key=time%1:28:01:: | definition=the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned | synonyms=prison term, sentence | examples=he served a prison term of 15 months; his sentence was 5 to 10 years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Lemma and Context:**
    *   **Target Lemma:** `time` (noun).
    *   **Context Sentence:** "They should make certain that the children spend enough <t>time</t> doing homework..."
    *   **Broader Context:** The text discusses parental involvement in education. It advises parents to ensure children do homework.
    *   **Usage in Context:** The phrase is "spend enough time doing homework". This implies "time" is a resource that is consumed or allocated. It needs to be "enough" to accomplish the task (homework). It is measured by duration.

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `time%1:11:00::` | Definition: "an instance or single occasion for some event" | Examples: "this time he succeeded".
        *   *Analysis:* This refers to a specific point or occurrence (e.g., "this time" vs "last time"). The context talks about duration ("enough time"), not a specific instance. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 2:** `time%1:28:05::` | Definition: "a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something" | Examples: "take time to smell the roses", "I didn't have time to finish".
        *   *Analysis:* The context says "spend enough time". This matches perfectly with the concept of time as a resource. You "spend" resources. You need "enough" of it to accomplish something (doing homework). The definition explicitly mentions "resource" and "sufficient to accomplish something". This looks very strong.

    *   **Sense 3:** `time%1:28:00::` | Definition: "an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)" | Examples: "he waited a long time", "the time of year for planting".
        *   *Analysis:* This is a broader sense of a period. While "doing homework" marks the activity, the specific phrasing "spend enough time" leans heavily towards the resource aspect (Sense 2). Sense 3 is usually for phrases like "a long time" or "summer time". Sense 2 is more specific to the usage "spend time" / "have time" as a commodity.

    *   **Sense 4:** `time%1:28:06::` | Definition: "a suitable moment" | Examples: "it is time to go".
        *   *Analysis:* This refers to "it is time to X". The context is "spend time". Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 5:** `time%1:03:00::` | Definition: "the continuum of experience...".
        *   *Analysis:* This is the abstract, physical concept of time. Too broad/abstract for "spending time doing homework".

    *   **Sense 6:** `time%1:11:01::` | Definition: "a person's experience on a particular occasion" | Examples: "they had a good time".
        *   *Analysis:* This is for phrases like "have a good time" (enjoyment). Not applicable here.

    *   **Sense 7:** `time%1:28:03::` | Definition: "a reading of a point in time..." | Examples: "what time is it?".
        *   *Analysis:* Refers to clock time (10 o'clock). Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 8:** `time%1:28:04::` | Definition: "the fourth coordinate...".
        *   *Analysis:* Physics context. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 9:** `time%1:07:01::` | Definition: "rhythm...".
        *   *Analysis:* Music context. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 10:** `time%1:28:01::` | Definition: "the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned".
        *   *Analysis:* Legal context. Incorrect.

3.  **Compare Best Candidates (Sense 2 vs Sense 3):**
    *   Sense 3 defines a period of time.
    *   Sense 2 defines time as a *resource* under control to accomplish something.
    *   The context is "spend enough time". The verb "spend" treats time as a currency/resource. The adjective "enough" implies sufficiency for a task.
    *   WordNet Sense 2 explicitly captures the "resource" aspect and "sufficient to accomplish something".
    *   Example in Sense 2: "I didn't have time to finish" matches the semantic frame of "spend time doing homework" (allocation of resource).
    *   Therefore, Sense 2 is the precise definition for this context.

4.  **Formulate Output:**
    *   Target index: 2.

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: scrutinize
Target surface form: scrutinize
Context:
Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program. We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should <t>scrutinize</t> the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=scrutinize%2:39:00:: | definition=to look at critically or searchingly, or in minute detail | synonyms=size up, take stock, scrutinise | examples=he scrutinized his likeness in the mirror
2. sense_key=scrutinize%2:31:00:: | definition=examine carefully for accuracy with the intent of verification | synonyms=audit, scrutinise, inspect | examples=audit accounts and tax returns

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: scrutinize.
    *   Context sentence: "They should scrutinize the report card."
    *   Broader context: Parents are advised to be involved at home. They should ensure kids don't skip school, do homework, and *scrutinize* the report card. If dissatisfied, switch schools.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:**
        *   Definition: "to look at critically or searchingly, or in minute detail".
        *   Synonyms: size up, take stock.
        *   Example: "he scrutinized his likeness in the mirror".
        *   Focus: Looking closely, analyzing critically, often with an evaluative component regarding quality or nature ("size up").

    *   **Sense 2:**
        *   Definition: "examine carefully for accuracy with the intent of verification".
        *   Synonyms: audit, inspect.
        *   Example: "audit accounts and tax returns".
        *   Focus: Verification, checking for accuracy, auditing.

3.  **Compare context with senses:**
    *   The context involves parents looking at a "report card".
    *   What does one do with a report card?
        *   You look at the grades.
        *   You check if the grades are good or bad.
        *   You verify the progress or lack thereof.
        *   Is this "looking at critically or in minute detail" (Sense 1) or "examining for accuracy with intent of verification" (Sense 2)?

    *   *Sense 1 Analysis:* When a parent looks at a report card, they look at it closely to see how the child is doing. They might "size up" the child's performance. This fits the general idea of looking closely at something.
    *   *Sense 2 Analysis:* Does a parent check a report card for *accuracy* (verification)? Usually not in the sense of auditing financial records or checking for calculation errors (unless they suspect a mistake, but generally, the act of receiving a report card implies checking the status). The definition "examine carefully for accuracy with the intent of verification" seems too specific to auditing/inspecting for errors or truth value (like auditing accounts).

    *   However, let's look at the nuances.
    *   Sense 1 is broader: "look at critically or searchingly". Parents are advised to be involved. They should make sure kids do homework. They should look at the report card *to see how the child is doing*. This is a critical examination or a searching look at the document. "He scrutinized his likeness in the mirror" is about examining the object closely.
    *   Sense 2 implies verification. Do parents verify the report card? Or do they examine the grades? They examine the grades. The definition "intent of verification" makes this sense fit better for auditing or inspecting goods/accounts. While a parent inspects the report card, the specific "intent of verification" (checking if the report card is factually correct vs. just reading it) is not the primary intent described in the text. The text implies parents need to pay attention to the results, perhaps critically evaluate the child's progress.

    *   Let's re-read the definition of Sense 1. "look at critically or searchingly".
    *   Let's re-read the definition of Sense 2. "examine carefully for accuracy with the intent of verification".

    *   In the text: "They should scrutinize the report card."
    *   Why? To see if they are "dissatisfied with a school". This implies an evaluation of the performance.
    *   Sense 1 ("look at critically") fits the evaluation of performance better than Sense 2 ("verify accuracy"). You don't audit a report card to see if the school is good; you evaluate the contents critically. You "size up" the situation.
    *   Sense 2 is usually used for "audit accounts" or "inspect". Inspecting a report card for accuracy (verification) is rare for a parent. Inspecting a report card to judge performance is common. Judging performance aligns with "look at critically" (Sense 1).

    *   Let's check WordNet hierarchy/relations if possible (mentally).
    *   Sense 1 (scrutinize%2:39:00) usually falls under perception or cognition verbs (looking, examining).
    *   Sense 2 (scrutinize%2:31:00) falls under verbs of assessment or checking.
    *   Wait, let's look at the examples again.
    *   Sense 1 Example: "he scrutinized his likeness in the mirror". This is visual examination.
    *   Sense 2 Example: "audit accounts". This is verification.

    *   Context: "scrutinize the report card".
    *   Is looking at a report card more like looking in a mirror (visual/critical examination) or auditing accounts (verification)?
    *   It sits in the middle. However, the "intent of verification" in Sense 2 is a strong constraint. Parents aren't usually verifying the arithmetic on the report card; they are assessing the child's progress. Assessing progress is closer to "looking at critically" or "sizing up" the situation.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the better fit. The parent is looking at the document closely/critically to understand the educational outcome.

    *   Let's double-check the sense keys if I have internal knowledge of WordNet mappings.
    *   scrutinize%2:39:00:: corresponds to "size up", "take stock". These fit "evaluating the situation/progress".
    *   scrutinize%2:31:00:: corresponds to "audit", "inspect". "Inspect" fits, but "audit" and "verification" imply checking against a standard or checking for errors. While parents check grades, the gloss "intent of verification" makes it sound like checking for forgery or calculation error. Sense 1's gloss "look at critically" fits the parental role of evaluating the child's success or failure.

    *   Decision: Sense 1.
    *   Reasoning: The context suggests parents should examine the report card to evaluate the child's performance and decide if they are dissatisfied with the school. This aligns with looking at something "critically" (Sense 1). Sense 2 specifies "intent of verification" (checking accuracy), which is not the primary goal of a parent reviewing a report card (which is assessment of progress, not verification of the document's accuracy).

4.  **Final Verification:**
    *   Sense 1: "look at critically". Context: "If parents are dissatisfied... they should have the option of switching". This implies the scrutiny leads to a judgment (dissatisfaction/satisfaction). "Look at critically" leads to judgment.
    *   Sense 2: "intent of verification". Context: No indication they are checking for errors in the report card itself.
    *   Selection: Sense 1.

    *   Wait, let me check the mapping of "inspect".
    *   Sometimes "scrutinize" is synonymous with "inspect".
    *   WordNet often splits these nuances.
    *   Let's check if there is a 2:32:00 or 2:39:00 distinction.
    *   2:39 is usually "perception".
    *   2:31 is usually "cognition" or "communication" or "assessment".
    *   Let's look at the synonyms provided in the prompt.
    *   Sense 1 synonyms: "size up, take stock". These imply evaluation/assessment of a situation/person.
    *   Sense 2 synonyms: "audit, inspect".
    *   When a parent looks at a report card, they are "sizing up" the child's academic performance.
    *   They are not "auditing" the report card.
    *   Sense 1 is clearly the intended meaning here.

5.  **Format Output:**
    *   {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: parent
Target surface form: parents
Context:
We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If <t>parents</t> are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=parent%1:18:00:: | definition=a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian
2. sense_key=parent%1:03:00:: | definition=an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target:**
    *   **Lemma:** parent
    *   **Surface form:** parents
    *   **Context:** The text discusses education, schools, children, homework, report cards, and the role of "parents" in these activities. It mentions "Parental involvement", "educational limitations of their children", and "make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework".

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `parent%1:18:00::` - Definition: "a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian".
        *   *Key elements:* Human, father/mother, guardian role, raising children.
    *   **Sense 2:** `parent%1:03:00::` - Definition: "an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained".
        *   *Key elements:* Biological organism, generic plant/animal, progenitor in a biological/breeding sense.

3.  **Map Context to Senses:**
    *   The context involves "schooling", "first grade", "educational limitations", "homework", "report card", and "switching to another [school]".
    *   The "parents" mentioned are clearly human agents responsible for the upbringing and education of human children ("their children").
    *   They are acting as guardians and caregivers in a social/educational setting.
    *   This aligns perfectly with Sense 1 (father/mother/guardian).
    *   Sense 2 is irrelevant because the context is not about biology, genetics, plants, or animals.

4.  **Select the Best Sense:**
    *   The target usage "If parents are dissatisfied with a school..." refers to the human guardians of the students.
    *   This matches Sense 1.

5.  **Format the Output:**
    *   The instruction asks for a JSON object with the key "sense_index".
    *   Sense 1 corresponds to index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: option
Target surface form: option
Context:
We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the <t>option</t> of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=option%1:21:00:: | definition=the right to buy or sell property at an agreed price; the right is purchased and if it is not exercised by a stated date the money is forfeited
2. sense_key=option%1:09:00:: | definition=one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen | synonyms=alternative, choice | examples=what option did I have?; there no other alternative
3. sense_key=option%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of choosing or selecting | synonyms=choice, selection, pick | examples=your choice of colors was unfortunate; you can take your pick

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: `option`
    *   Context: "If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the **option** of switching to another."
    *   Meaning in context: The sentence discusses the ability/right/possibility for parents to choose a different school if they don't like the current one. It implies a choice between alternatives (stay vs. switch).

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `sense_key=option%1:21:00::` | definition="the right to buy or sell property at an agreed price; the right is purchased and if it is not exercised by a stated date the money is forfeited"
        *   This is a financial/legal term (stock options, real estate options).
        *   Does it fit the context? No. The context is about schooling, not financial derivatives.

    *   **Sense 2:** `sense_key=option%1:09:00::` | definition="one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen" | synonyms="alternative, choice" | examples="what option did I have?"; "there no other alternative"
        *   This refers to a specific alternative or a course of action available to choose from.
        *   Does it fit the context? Yes. The "option of switching to another [school]" refers to the alternative course of action available to parents. The phrase "have the option of..." often corresponds to this sense, where the option is the alternative possibility itself.

    *   **Sense 3:** `sense_key=option%1:04:00::` | definition="the act of choosing or selecting" | synonyms="choice, selection, pick" | examples="your choice of colors was unfortunate"; "you can take your pick"
        *   This refers to the *act* or *process* of choosing.
        *   Does it fit the context? Not exactly. The sentence says "have the option of switching". Parents have the *alternative* (Sense 2) available to them. If the sentence were "The option of switching is difficult," it might be ambiguous, but "have the option" usually implies the availability of an alternative (Sense 2) rather than the abstract act of choosing (Sense 3). Sense 3 is often used in phrases like "make your choice/option" (though "make your option" is rare, "make a choice" is common). Here, "option" represents the *thing* that can be chosen (the alternative), not the act.

3.  **Compare Sense 2 and Sense 3:**
    *   Sense 2 (Alternative): "one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen".
    *   Sense 3 (Act): "the act of choosing or selecting".
    *   In the context "have the option of switching", "switching" is the thing available to be chosen. This aligns with Sense 2. If I say "I have the option to leave," I have the alternative of leaving available. I do not possess the "act of choosing" (Sense 3); I perform the act. I *have* the alternative.

4.  **Final decision:**
    *   Sense 1 is financial (wrong).
    *   Sense 3 is the act/process (wrong).
    *   Sense 2 is the specific alternative/course of action available (correct).

    The sentence means: Parents should have the alternative/choice of switching schools.

    Therefore, the best sense is index 2.

    Wait, let me double check indexing.
    Sense 1: option%1:21:00::
    Sense 2: option%1:09:00::
    Sense 3: option%1:04:00::

    The prompt asks to choose the single best *indexed* sense.
    Sense 2 corresponds to definition: "one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen".

    Let's re-read the definition for Sense 2. "one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen".
    Context: "have the option of switching to another".
    Here "option" is "switching to another". Is "switching to another" one of a number of things? Yes, the options are: stay at the current school OR switch to another. Switching is the option.
    The example for Sense 2 is "what option did I have?". This fits the "have the option" construction perfectly.

    Let's look at Sense 3 definition: "the act of choosing or selecting".
    Context: "have the option of switching".
    Can you "have the act of choosing"? Usually, you "make a choice" (act). You "have a choice/option" (availability of alternatives).
    While "choice" can mean both the act and the alternatives, "option" usually leans towards the available alternative (Sense 2) in this construction. WordNet distinguishes these.
    Sense 2 (alternative) is clearly the best fit for "have the option".

    So, index 2 is correct.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: switch
Target surface form: switching
Context:
We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of <t>switching</t> to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=switch%2:30:03:: | definition=change over, change around, as to a new order or sequence | synonyms=switch over, exchange
2. sense_key=switch%2:40:00:: | definition=exchange or give (something) in exchange for | synonyms=trade, swap, swop
3. sense_key=switch%2:30:02:: | definition=lay aside, abandon, or leave for another | synonyms=shift, change | examples=switch to a different brand of beer; She switched psychiatrists
4. sense_key=switch%2:30:01:: | definition=make a shift in or exchange of | synonyms=change over, shift | examples=First Joe led; then we switched
5. sense_key=switch%2:35:00:: | definition=cause to go on or to be engaged or set in operation | synonyms=throw, flip | examples=switch on the light; throw the lever
6. sense_key=switch%2:35:03:: | definition=flog with or as if with a flexible rod
7. sense_key=switch%2:30:00:: | definition=reverse (a direction, attitude, or course of action) | synonyms=interchange, tack, alternate, flip, flip-flop

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: `switch`
    *   Target surface form: `switching`
    *   Context snippet: "If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of <t>switching</t> to another."
    *   Meaning in context: Changing from one school to another. It implies leaving one entity (a school) and adopting/using a new one.

2.  **Evaluate candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `change over, change around, as to a new order or sequence`.
        *   Synonyms: `switch over`, `exchange`.
        *   Analysis: This feels a bit mechanical, often related to order or mechanism. "Switching to another school" fits somewhat, but let's look for a better fit.

    *   **Sense 2:** `exchange or give (something) in exchange for`.
        *   Synonyms: `trade`, `swap`, `swop`.
        *   Analysis: This implies a transaction or trade. You don't "trade" schools in the typical sense of giving something away to get another in return. This is usually for goods or items.

    *   **Sense 3:** `lay aside, abandon, or leave for another`.
        *   Synonyms: `shift`, `change`.
        *   Examples: `switch to a different brand of beer`; `She switched psychiatrists`.
        *   Analysis: This definition captures the act of leaving one provider/service (school) for another. The examples "switch to a different brand" and "switch psychiatrists" are structurally and semantically very similar to "switch schools". The core meaning is abandoning one option for a different one.

    *   **Sense 4:** `make a shift in or exchange of`.
        *   Synonyms: `change over`, `shift`.
        *   Examples: `First Joe led; then we switched`.
        *   Analysis: This seems to focus on alternating roles or positions within a group, or a shift in leadership/activity flow.

    *   **Sense 5:** `cause to go on or to be engaged or set in operation`.
        *   Synonyms: `throw`, `flip`.
        *   Examples: `switch on the light`.
        *   Analysis: This is about activating a device. Irrelevant here.

    *   **Sense 6:** `flog with or as if with a flexible rod`.
        *   Analysis: Physical punishment. Irrelevant.

    *   **Sense 7:** `reverse (a direction, attitude, or course of action)`.
        *   Synonyms: `interchange`, `tack`, `alternate`, `flip`, `flip-flop`.
        *   Analysis: This is about changing opinion or direction.

3.  **Compare the best candidates (Sense 1 vs Sense 3):**
    *   Context: "option of switching to another [school]."
    *   Sense 1 definition: "change over... to a new order". This is vague.
    *   Sense 3 definition: "lay aside, abandon, or leave for another". This perfectly describes moving a child from one school to another. The examples provided for Sense 3 ("switch to a different brand of beer", "She switched psychiatrists") are directly parallel to switching schools (switching service providers/products).

4.  **Final Decision:**
    *   Sense 3 is the correct sense. It captures the semantic shift of changing allegiance or usage from one entity to another.

5.  **Formatting the Output:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object: `{"sense_index": 3}`.
    *   The sense key is `switch%2:30:02::`.
    *   Wait, let me double check the index numbering.
        *   1. switch%2:30:03::
        *   2. switch%2:40:00::
        *   3. switch%2:30:02::
        *   4. switch%2:30:01::
        *   5. switch%2:35:00::
        *   6. switch%2:35:03::
        *   7. switch%2:30:00::

    *   The target is Sense 3.
    *   Definition: "lay aside, abandon, or leave for another".
    *   Matches "switching to another [school]".


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: community
Target surface form: Community
Context:
Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "<t>Community</t> involvement "is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=community%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of people living in a particular local area | examples=the team is drawn from all parts of the community
2. sense_key=community%1:21:00:: | definition=common ownership | examples=they shared a community of possessions
3. sense_key=community%1:14:04:: | definition=a group of nations having common interests | examples=they hoped to join the NATO community
4. sense_key=community%1:26:00:: | definition=agreement as to goals | synonyms=community of interests | examples=the preachers and the bootleggers found they had a community of interests
5. sense_key=community%1:15:00:: | definition=a district where people live; occupied primarily by private residences | synonyms=residential district, residential area
6. sense_key=community%1:14:02:: | definition=(ecology) a group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other | synonyms=biotic community

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Lemma and Form:**
    *   Lemma: community
    *   Surface Form: Community (capitalized because it starts the quoted phrase).
    *   Context: The text discusses education reforms. It contrasts "Parental involvement" with "Community involvement". It mentions "the experience of New York City". The text argues against "Community involvement" as an idea, implying it involves people from the local area trying to interfere with or participate in school matters.

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   Sentence: `"Community involvement" is an even worse idea.`
    *   Broader context: Discussion about schools, parents, education reforms.
    *   Specific usage: It refers to people who are not parents or teachers but belong to the local area surrounding the school (or the city, like NYC). It's about the general public or local populace participating in school affairs. The text contrasts "parents" with the broader "community".
    *   The phrase "Community involvement" usually refers to local citizens, businesses, or organizations participating in local institutions (like schools).

3.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1: community%1:14:00::**
        *   Definition: a group of people living in a particular local area.
        *   Examples: the team is drawn from all parts of the community.
        *   Fit: This fits well. The context is about schools in a local area (like New York City). "Community involvement" means getting local residents involved. The contrast is between specific "parents" and the general "group of people living in a particular local area".

    *   **Sense 2: community%1:21:00::**
        *   Definition: common ownership.
        *   Examples: they shared a community of possessions.
        *   Fit: No. This is about property or abstract shared states, not people getting involved in schools.

    *   **Sense 3: community%1:14:04::**
        *   Definition: a group of nations having common interests.
        *   Examples: they hoped to join the NATO community.
        *   Fit: No. The context is local education, not international relations.

    *   **Sense 4: community%1:26:00::**
        *   Definition: agreement as to goals.
        *   Synonyms: community of interests.
        *   Fit: No. This is an abstract concept of agreement. The text refers to "Community involvement" as a policy involving people.

    *   **Sense 5: community%1:15:00::**
        *   Definition: a district where people live; occupied primarily by private residences.
        *   Synonyms: residential district, residential area.
        *   Fit: This refers to a *place* (physical location). While one might say "the community supports the school," the phrase "Community involvement" implies the *people* acting, not the geographic district acting (though metonymy is possible). However, Sense 1 refers specifically to the *group of people*, which is the agent of "involvement". "Involvement" requires an agent. A "district" (Sense 5) isn't the agent in the same way the "group of people" (Sense 1) is. Sense 1 is the standard sense for "Community involvement".

    *   **Sense 6: community%1:14:02::**
        *   Definition: (ecology) a group of interdependent organisms...
        *   Fit: No. This is biological, not social/educational.

4.  **Select the Best Sense:**
    *   The context clearly refers to the people living in the local area (the public) as opposed to just the parents.
    *   Sense 1 ("a group of people living in a particular local area") is the standard definition for "community" in the context of "community involvement" or "community relations".

5.  **Format Output:**
    *   The request asks for a JSON object with "sense_index".
    *   Sense 1 corresponds to index 1.

    *   Double check Sense 5 (Residential district). If the sentence were "The community is located near the river," Sense 5 would be appropriate. Here, "Community involvement" implies the participation of the populace. Sense 1 defines the populace. Sense 5 defines the geography. Agents "involve" themselves. Therefore, Sense 1 (people) is superior to Sense 5 (place).

    *   Conclusion: Sense 1 is thecorrect choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: even
Target surface form: even
Context:
Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an <t>even</t> worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=even%4:02:00:: | definition=used as an intensive especially to indicate something unexpected | examples=even an idiot knows that; declined even to consider the idea
2. sense_key=even%4:02:03:: | definition=in spite of; notwithstanding | examples=even when he is sick, he works; even with his head start she caught up with him
3. sense_key=even%4:02:01:: | definition=to a greater degree or extent; used with comparisons | synonyms=yet, still | examples=looked sick and felt even worse; an even (or still) more interesting problem
4. sense_key=even%4:02:04:: | definition=to the full extent | examples=loyal even unto death

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   Sentence: '"Community involvement "is an <t>even</t> worse idea.'
    *   Structure: The sentence compares two ideas: "Parental involvement" (bad idea) and "Community involvement" (worse idea).
    *   Target word: "even".
    *   Grammatical role: Adverb modifying the comparative adjective "worse".
    *   Semantic function: It intensifies the comparison, indicating that the second idea (Community involvement) is worse to a greater degree than the first idea (Parental involvement).

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1 (even%4:02:00::):**
        *   Definition: used as an intensive especially to indicate something unexpected.
        *   Examples: "even an idiot knows that", "declined even to consider the idea".
        *   Analysis: This sense is about surprising extremes (e.g., "He didn't even call"). While "even" acts as an intensive, the key here is that it modifies a *comparative* adjective ("worse"). Sense 1 usually modifies noun phrases or verbs in a way that emphasizes unexpectedness, not degree in a comparison.

    *   **Sense 2 (even%4:02:03::):**
        *   Definition: in spite of; notwithstanding.
        *   Examples: "even when he is sick, he works", "even with his head start she caught up with him".
        *   Analysis: This is concessive. It introduces a condition that contrasts with the main clause. The context here is not concessive ("in spite of"); it's about comparing degrees of "badness" between two ideas.

    *   **Sense 3 (even%4:02:01::):**
        *   Definition: to a greater degree or extent; used with comparisons.
        *   Synonyms: yet, still.
        *   Examples: "looked sick and felt even worse", "an even (or still) more interesting problem".
        *   Analysis: This matches perfectly. The context "an *even* worse idea" fits the pattern "an *even* [comparative adjective] [noun]". The example "felt even worse" is structurally identical to the context "is an even worse idea". It expresses that the quality (worse) is intensified or holds to a greater degree.

    *   **Sense 4 (even%4:02:04::):**
        *   Definition: to the full extent.
        *   Examples: "loyal even unto death".
        *   Analysis: This refers to reaching a limit or extreme point (often spatial or metaphorical extent). It doesn't fit the comparative structure "worse".

3.  **Conclusion:**
    The target "even" modifies the comparative "worse". It indicates that the degree of "worseness" is higher. This corresponds exactly to Sense 3's definition ("used with comparisons") and examples ("felt even worse").

4.  **Formulate Output:**
    *   Selected sense: Sense 3.
    *   JSON format: `{"sense_index": 3}`.

provider: Together


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: worse
Target surface form: worse
Context:
Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even <t>worse</t> idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=worse%3:00:00:: | definition=(comparative of `bad') inferior to another in quality or condition or desirability | examples=this road is worse than the first one we took; the road is in worse shape than it was
2. sense_key=worse%3:00:02:: | definition=changed for the worse in health or fitness | synonyms=worsened | examples=I feel worse today; her cold is worse
3. sense_key=bad%3:00:00:: | definition=having undesirable or negative qualities | synonyms=bad | examples=a bad report card; his sloppy appearance made a bad impression
4. sense_key=bad%5:00:00:intense:00 | definition=very intense | synonyms=bad, big | examples=a bad headache; in a big rage
5. sense_key=bad%5:00:00:uncomfortable:00 | definition=feeling physical discomfort or pain (`tough' is occasionally used colloquially for `bad') | synonyms=bad, tough | examples=my throat feels bad; she felt bad all over
6. sense_key=bad%5:00:00:stale:00 | definition=(of foodstuffs) not in an edible or usable condition | synonyms=bad, spoiled, spoilt | examples=bad meat; a refrigerator full of spoilt food
7. sense_key=regretful%3:00:00:: | definition=feeling or expressing regret or sorrow or a sense of loss over something done or undone | synonyms=regretful, sorry, bad | examples=felt regretful over his vanished youth; regretful over mistakes she had made
8. sense_key=bad%5:00:00:invalid:00 | definition=not capable of being collected | synonyms=bad, uncollectible | examples=a bad (or uncollectible) debt
9. sense_key=bad%5:00:00:inferior:02 | definition=below average in quality or performance | synonyms=bad | examples=a bad chess player; a bad recital
10. sense_key=bad%5:00:00:nonstandard:03 | definition=nonstandard | synonyms=bad | examples=so-called bad grammar
11. sense_key=bad%5:00:02:unsound:00 | definition=not financially safe or secure | synonyms=bad, risky, high-risk, speculative | examples=a bad investment; high risk investments
12. sense_key=bad%5:00:00:unhealthy:00 | definition=physically unsound or diseased | synonyms=bad, unfit, unsound | examples=has a bad back; a bad heart
13. sense_key=bad%5:00:00:harmful:00 | definition=capable of harming | synonyms=bad | examples=bad air; smoking is bad for you
14. sense_key=bad%5:00:00:evil:00 | definition=characterized by wickedness or immorality | synonyms=bad | examples=led a very bad life
15. sense_key=bad%5:00:00:counterfeit:00 | definition=reproduced fraudulently | synonyms=bad, forged | examples=like a bad penny...; a forged twenty dollar bill
16. sense_key=bad%5:00:00:malfunctioning:00 | definition=not working properly | synonyms=bad, defective | examples=a bad telephone connection; a defective appliance

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "worse" used as a comparative in the context: "Community involvement is an even worse idea."

Let me analyze the context:
- The passage discusses education reforms
- It first says "Parental involvement is a bad idea"
- Then it says "Community involvement is an even worse idea"
- "Worse" is clearly being used as the comparative of "bad"
- It's comparing the quality/desirability of two ideas: parental involvement (bad) vs. community involvement (worse)

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. worse%3:00:00:: - "(comparative of `bad') inferior to another in quality or condition or desirability" - examples: "this road is worse than the first one we took; the road is in worse shape than it was"

This is clearly the comparative form being used to say community involvement is inferior/less desirable than parental involvement. The context is comparing the desirability/quality of two ideas.

2. worse%3:00:02:: - "changed for the worse in health or fitness" - This is about health/fitness, not applicable here.

The other senses (3-16) are all for "bad" not the comparative "worse."

Sense 1 is the correct choice - it's the comparative of bad meaning inferior in quality or desirability, which fits perfectly with comparing two ideas (parental involvement vs community involvement).

provider: SiliconFlow


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: idea
Target surface form: idea
Context:
Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse <t>idea</t>. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=idea%1:09:00:: | definition=the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about | synonyms=thought | examples=it was not a good idea; the thought never entered my mind
2. sense_key=idea%1:09:01:: | definition=your intention; what you intend to do | synonyms=mind | examples=he had in mind to see his old teacher; the idea of the game is to capture all the pieces
3. sense_key=idea%1:09:03:: | definition=a personal view | examples=he has an idea that we don't like him
4. sense_key=idea%1:09:02:: | definition=an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth | synonyms=estimate, estimation, approximation | examples=an estimate of what it would cost; a rough idea how long it would take
5. sense_key=idea%1:10:00:: | definition=(music) melodic subject of a musical composition | synonyms=theme, melodic theme, musical theme | examples=the theme is announced in the first measures; the accompanist picked up the idea and elaborated it

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about "Parental involvement" being a bad idea and "Community involvement" being an even worse idea. Here, "idea" refers to a proposal, plan, or concept - something that can be evaluated as good or bad.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. idea%1:09:00:: - "the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about" - synonyms: thought - examples: "it was not a good idea"
2. idea%1:09:01:: - "your intention; what you intend to do" - synonyms: mind - examples: "he had in mind to see his old teacher; the idea of the game is to capture all the pieces"
3. idea%1:09:03:: - "a personal view" - examples: "he has an idea that we don't like him"
4. idea%1:09:02:: - "an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth" - synonyms: estimate, estimation, approximation
5. idea%1:10:00:: - "(music) melodic subject of a musical composition"

In the context, "Parental involvement is a bad idea" means that parental involvement is a bad proposal/plan/concept. This fits sense 1, which is about the content of cognition - something you're thinking about, which can be evaluated as good or bad. The example "it was not a good idea" directly parallels "is a bad idea" in the context.

Sense 2 is about intention, which doesn't fit - parental involvement isn't an intention.
Sense 3 is about a personal view/belief, which doesn't quite fit either - "parental involvement" isn't a personal view.
Sense 4 is about an estimate/approximation, which doesn't fit.
Sense 5 is about music, which doesn't fit.

The best fit is sense 1, as "idea" here means a concept or proposal that one is thinking about, which can be evaluated as good or bad.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: here
Target surface form: Here
Context:
Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea. <t>Here</t>, the experience of New York City is decisive. Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=here%4:02:00:: | definition=in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is | examples=I work here; turn here
2. sense_key=here%4:02:02:: | definition=in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail | examples=what do we have here?; here I must disagree
3. sense_key=here%4:02:01:: | definition=to this place (especially toward the speaker) | synonyms=hither | examples=come here, please
4. sense_key=here%4:02:04:: | definition=at this time; now | examples=we'll adjourn here for lunch and discuss the remaining issues this afternoon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Word**: The target is "Here" (adverb).
2.  **Analyze the Context**:
    *   The sentence is: "Here, the experience of New York City is decisive."
    *   The preceding sentence is: "-- 'Community involvement 'is an even worse idea."
    *   The following sentence discusses locally elected school boards and their corruption.
    *   The author is making an argument. They just stated that "Community involvement" is a bad idea. They introduce an example/case to support this point: "Here, the experience of New York City is decisive."
    *   The word "Here" does not refer to a physical location where the author is sitting (sense 1).
    *   It does not refer to movement toward the speaker (sense 3).
    *   It does not refer to a specific moment in time, like "now" or "at this time" in a chronological sequence (sense 4).
    *   It refers to the argumentative context. It means "In this case," "In this situation," or "Regarding this point."
3.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses**:
    *   *Sense 1 (here%4:02:00::)*: "in or at this place". Examples: "I work here". Physical location. Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 2 (here%4:02:02::)*: "in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail". Examples: "what do we have here?", "here I must disagree". This matches the usage "Here, the experience of New York City is decisive." It functions as a discourse marker introducing a relevant case or point in the argument.
    *   *Sense 3 (here%4:02:01::)*: "to this place". Examples: "come here". Directional movement. Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 4 (here%4:02:04::)*: "at this time; now". Examples: "we'll adjourn here...". Temporal. Incorrect.
4.  **Conclusion**: Sense 2 fits best. It signals "in this circumstance" or "on this point" of the argument regarding community involvement.
5.  **Formulate Output**: The user wants a JSON object with the index.
    *   Sense 1 -> index 1
    *   Sense 2 -> index 2
    *   Sense 3 -> index 3
    *   Sense 4 -> index 4
    *   Selected: Sense 2.
    *   JSON: {"sense_index": 2}

provider: Phala


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: locally
Target surface form: Locally
Context:
Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive. <t>Locally</t> elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians. New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=locally%4:02:00:: | definition=by a particular locality | examples=it was locally decided
2. sense_key=locally%4:02:01:: | definition=to a restricted area of the body | synonyms=topically | examples=apply this medicine topically

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: "locally"
    *   Target surface form: "Locally"
    *   Context: The text discusses school governance. The sentence is: "Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians."
    *   The phrase "Locally elected school boards" implies that the election process happens within a specific geographical or administrative area (a local district, city, or town), as opposed to a state-wide or national election.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `sense_key=locally%4:02:00::` | definition="by a particular locality" | examples="it was locally decided".
        *   This sense relates to actions or decisions made within a specific geographical area or community. The example "it was locally decided" fits well with "Locally elected". The election is happening *by* or *within* a particular locality (the school district).
    *   **Sense 2:** `sense_key=locally%4:02:01::` | definition="to a restricted area of the body" | synonyms="topically" | examples="apply this medicine topically".
        *   This sense is medical/physiological. It describes applying something to a specific part of the body. This is clearly not relevant to school boards and elections.

3.  **Compare context and senses:**
    *   The context discusses political/administrative geography ("larger cities", "school boards", "politicians").
    *   Sense 1 deals with "a particular locality" (geographical/administrative entity).
    *   Sense 2 deals with the body.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

4.  **Formulate the output:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   Since Sense 1 is the correct choice, and it is the first sense listed (index 1), the output should be `{"sense_index": 1}`.

provider: Parasail


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: especially
Target surface form: especially
Context:
Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive. Locally elected school boards, <t>especially</t> in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians. New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=especially%4:02:00:: | definition=to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common | synonyms=particularly, peculiarly, specially | examples=he was particularly fussy about spelling; a particularly gruesome attack
2. sense_key=especially%4:02:01:: | definition=in a special manner | synonyms=specially | examples=a specially arranged dinner

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense for "especially" in this passage.

The sentence is:
"Locally elected school boards, <t>especially</t> in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians."

In this context, "especially" is used to single out "larger cities" as being particularly prone to the problem being described (locally elected school boards becoming prey to corrupt politicians). The author is saying that this problem exists generally, but it is particularly true or more pronounced in larger cities.

Let me look at the two sense options:

Sense 1: "to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common"
- Synonyms: particularly, peculiarly, specially
- Examples: "he was particularly fussy about spelling"; "a particularly gruesome attack"

Sense 2: "in a special manner"
- Synonyms: specially
- Examples: "a specially arranged dinner"

In the context, "especially" is being used to indicate that the situation (school boards becoming prey to corrupt politicians) applies to a greater extent in larger cities than elsewhere. This matches the definition of Sense 1: "to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common."

Sense 2 ("in a special manner") doesn't fit as well because the sentence isn't describing how something is done in a special way. The author isn't saying that school boards in larger cities become prey to politicians "in a special manner," but rather that they are more prone to this problem.

Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice for this context.