[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bell_ringing
Target surface form: bell ringing
Context:
"So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says. Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself. "The sound of bells is a net to draw people into the church, "he says. "I live in hopes that the ringers themselves will be drawn into that fuller life. "The Central Council of Church Bell Ringers, a sort of parliament of ringing groups, aims to improve relations with vicars, says John C. Baldwin, president. It hopes to speak to students at theological colleges about the joys of <t>bell ringing</t> and will shortly publish a booklet for every vicar in the country entitled, "The Bells in Your Care. "Says Mr. Baldwin, "We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority in church life and experience. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bell_ringing%1:11:00:: | definition=the sound of someone playing a set of bells
2. sense_key=bell_ringing%1:10:00:: | definition=persuasion of voters in a political campaign | synonyms=electioneering, canvassing
3. sense_key=bell_ringing%1:04:00:: | definition=playing a set of bells that are (usually) hung in a tower | synonyms=carillon, carillon playing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target lemma and surface form:**
    *   Lemma: `bell_ringing`
    *   Surface form: `bell ringing`

2.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   The text discusses "ringers", "vicar", "congregation", "church", "sound of bells", "Central Council of Church Bell Ringers", "ringing groups", "joys of bell ringing", "Bells in Your Care".
    *   The phrase "active bell-ringer" suggests an activity or a role.
    *   The phrase "joys of bell ringing" refers to the activity or practice of ringing bells in a church setting (specifically change ringing, given the "crunch, crunch, crunch" description often associated with the mechanics or movement of ringers, and the mention of "tower" implied by "ringing groups" and the nature of church bells).
    *   The context mentions students at theological colleges learning about the joys of this activity.

3.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `bell_ringing%1:11:00::` | Definition: "the sound of someone playing a set of bells".
        *   This refers to the *sound* itself.
        *   Context check: "joys of bell ringing". Can one have joys of a sound? Yes, but the context heavily emphasizes the *people* doing it ("ringers", "active bell-ringer", "groups"). However, usually, the noun phrase "bell ringing" acts as an activity noun.
    *   **Sense 2:** `bell_ringing%1:10:00::` | Definition: "persuasion of voters in a political campaign" | Synonyms: electioneering, canvassing.
        *   This is irrelevant. The context is clearly about church bells.
    *   **Sense 3:** `bell_ringing%1:04:00::` | Definition: "playing a set of bells that are (usually) hung in a tower" | Synonyms: carillon, carillon playing.
        *   This refers to the *activity/art* of playing the bells.
        *   Context check: "active bell-ringer himself" (implies the agent of the activity). "joys of bell ringing" (usually refers to the hobby/activity). "ringing groups" (groups of people performing the activity). The mention of "hopes that the ringers themselves will be drawn into that fuller life" suggests a social activity involving people.
        *   Distinction between Sense 1 and Sense 3: Sense 1 is the sound (auditory event). Sense 3 is the act/practice (activity).
        *   The phrase "joys of bell ringing" strongly leans towards the *practice* or *hobby*. One experiences the joys of doing something. While the sound is pleasant, the context discusses the organization (Central Council), the practitioners (ringers), and the relationship with the church structure. The activity involves physical presence ("making a very obvious exit").
        *   Therefore, the activity sense (Sense 3) fits better than the sound sense (Sense 1), though they are closely related. WordNet distinguishes `act` (noun.act - 1:04) vs `event/sound` (noun.event/noun.phenomenon - often where sound falls, though 1:11 is `noun.event` usually for "sound").
        *   Let's check WordNet hierarchy assumptions.
            *   Sense 1 (noun.event): the sound.
            *   Sense 3 (noun.act): the activity.
        *   "Vicar Marshall ... is ... an active bell-ringer." -> This defines the person by the activity.
        *   "joys of [activity]" is a standard collocation.
        *   Sense 3 is the correct choice.

4.  **Final Selection:**
    *   The context talks about the practice, the hobby, the exercise of ringing church bells (change ringing or carillon), managed by a council of "ringers".
    *   Sense 3 defines it as "playing a set of bells...".
    *   Sense 1 defines it as "the sound...".
    *   Context: "joys of bell ringing". You enjoy an activity more often than you enjoy a specific instance of sound in this abstract sense ("the joys of the sound" vs "the joys of the practice"). The organization is a "Council of Church Bell Ringers".
    *   Choice: Sense 3.

5.  **Formatting Output:**
    *   JSON object: `{"sense_index": 3}`.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: shortly
Target surface form: shortly
Context:
"So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says. Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself. "The sound of bells is a net to draw people into the church, "he says. "I live in hopes that the ringers themselves will be drawn into that fuller life. "The Central Council of Church Bell Ringers, a sort of parliament of ringing groups, aims to improve relations with vicars, says John C. Baldwin, president. It hopes to speak to students at theological colleges about the joys of bell ringing and will <t>shortly</t> publish a booklet for every vicar in the country entitled, "The Bells in Your Care. "Says Mr. Baldwin, "We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority in church life and experience. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=shortly%4:02:01:: | definition=for a short time | examples=he was at the airport shortly before she was expected to arrive
2. sense_key=shortly%4:02:00:: | definition=in the near future | synonyms=soon, presently, before long | examples=the doctor will soon be here; the book will appear shortly
3. sense_key=shortly%4:02:02:: | definition=in a curt, abrupt and discourteous manner | synonyms=curtly, short | examples=he told me curtly to get on with it; he talked short with everyone
4. sense_key=shortly%4:02:04:: | definition=in a concise manner; in a few words | synonyms=concisely, briefly, in brief, in short | examples=the history is summed up concisely in this book; she replied briefly
5. sense_key=shortly%4:02:03:: | definition=at a short distance | examples=the hem fell shortly below her knees

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Word and Context:**
    *   Target lemma: shortly
    *   Target surface form: shortly
    *   Context snippet: "It hopes to speak to students at theological colleges about the joys of bell ringing and will <t>shortly</t> publish a booklet for every vicar in the country entitled, "The Bells in Your Care.""

2.  **Analyze the Sentence Structure and Meaning:**
    *   Subject: "It" (referring to the Central Council of Church Bell Ringers).
    *   Verb phrase: "will ... publish".
    *   Modifier: "shortly".
    *   Meaning: The Council intends to publish a booklet in the near future. The word "will" indicates future tense, and "shortly" modifies the timing of the action "publish".

3.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** definition=for a short time | examples=he was at the airport shortly before she was expected to arrive.
        *   Analysis: Does the context imply the publishing action takes a short amount of time? No. It implies the event happens soon relative to the current time. The example "shortly before" refers to temporal proximity, but the definition "for a short time" (duration) is distinct from "in a short while" (future proximity). However, usually, sense 1 in WordNet for 'shortly' is often confused with proximity. Let's look at the specific definition. "for a short time" (duration). The context isn't about the duration of publishing.

    *   **Sense 2:** definition=in the near future | synonyms=soon, presently, before long | examples=the doctor will soon be here; the book will appear shortly.
        *   Analysis: The context "will shortly publish" matches the example "the book will appear shortly". The meaning is clearly "in the near future" or "soon". This fits perfectly.

    *   **Sense 3:** definition=in a curt, abrupt and discourteous manner | synonyms=curtly, short.
        *   Analysis: This refers to manner of speaking or behaving. The context refers to publishing a booklet, not a manner of behavior.

    *   **Sense 4:** definition=in a concise manner; in a few words | synonyms=concisely, briefly.
        *   Analysis: While a booklet could be concise, "shortly publish" doesn't mean "publish concisely". It refers to the timing.

    *   **Sense 5:** definition=at a short distance.
        *   Analysis: This refers to spatial distance. Publishing is an event in time, not a spatial relation.

4.  **Select the Best Sense:**
    *   Sense 2 is the only one that fits the temporal context of a future event ("will shortly publish").

5.  **Format the Output:**
    *   The instructions ask for a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   The chosen sense is the second one in the list.

6.  **Final Check:**
    *   Context: "will shortly publish"
    *   Sense 2 Definition: "in the near future"
    *   Sense 2 Example: "the book will appear shortly"
    *   Match is exact.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Novita

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: publish
Target surface form: publish
Context:
"So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says. Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself. "The sound of bells is a net to draw people into the church, "he says. "I live in hopes that the ringers themselves will be drawn into that fuller life. "The Central Council of Church Bell Ringers, a sort of parliament of ringing groups, aims to improve relations with vicars, says John C. Baldwin, president. It hopes to speak to students at theological colleges about the joys of bell ringing and will shortly <t>publish</t> a booklet for every vicar in the country entitled, "The Bells in Your Care. "Says Mr. Baldwin, "We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority in church life and experience. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=publish%2:36:01:: | definition=put into print | synonyms=print | examples=The newspaper published the news of the royal couple's divorce; These news should not be printed
2. sense_key=publish%2:32:00:: | definition=prepare and issue for public distribution or sale | synonyms=bring out, put out, issue, release | examples=publish a magazine or newspaper
3. sense_key=publish%2:36:00:: | definition=have (one's written work) issued for publication | synonyms=write | examples=How many books did Georges Simenon write?; She published 25 books during her long career

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is "It hopes to speak to students at theological colleges about the joys of bell ringing and will shortly publish a booklet for every vicar in the country entitled, 'The Bells in Your Care.'"
    *   The subject is "It" (referring to "The Central Council of Church Bell Ringers").
    *   The action is "publish a booklet".
    *   The object is "a booklet".
    *   The purpose is distribution to "every vicar in the country".

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `publish%2:36:01::` | definition="put into print" | synonyms="print" | examples="The newspaper published the news...; These news should not be printed"
        *   Focus: The mechanical act or the immediate act of printing something.
        *   Context fit: While the booklet will be printed, the context implies a broader process of preparing and making it available.

    *   **Sense 2:** `publish%2:32:00::` | definition="prepare and issue for public distribution or sale" | synonyms="bring out, put out, issue, release" | examples="publish a magazine or newspaper"
        *   Focus: The organizational act of preparing and issuing/distributing a specific item (booklet, magazine, newspaper).
        *   Context fit: The Central Council is an organization. They are creating ("preparing") and distributing ("issue for public distribution") a booklet to vicars. This matches the "issue" or "release" aspect of creating a specific document for a group.

    *   **Sense 3:** `publish%2:36:00::` | definition="have (one's written work) issued for publication" | synonyms="write" | examples="How many books did Georges Simenon write?; She published 25 books..."
        *   Focus: The author's perspective. An author "publishes" a book (meaning they write it and get it out).
        *   Context fit: The subject is an organization (The Central Council), not an individual author in the literary sense (though they authored it, the act described is the release of the booklet as an entity). The sense is usually about the *author's* career output count or act of writing/issuing. Here, it's about the specific act of issuing a booklet.

3.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   Sense 1 ("put into print") is often used for newspapers printing news or the physical act.
    *   Sense 2 ("prepare and issue for public distribution or sale") involves the whole process of bringing out a publication.
    *   The phrase "publish a booklet" fits Sense 2 well. An organization "bringing out" or "issuing" a booklet. The synonym "issue" or "release" fits the context of an organization distributing a specific guide/booklet to a target audience.
    *   Sense 1 is a bit too reductionist (just "printing").
    *   Sense 3 is about the author's output.

    Let's look at the WordNet hierarchy/definitions closer.
    *   Sense 2 (WN 2:32:00) corresponds to the creation/preparation and issuance.
    *   Sense 1 (WN 2:36:01) corresponds to "printing".
    *   The context involves the Council (an organization/publisher entity) making a booklet available. "Issue a booklet" sounds very natural.

    Let's re-evaluate Sense 1 vs Sense 2 based on the "Examples" provided in the prompt.
    *   Sense 1 Examples: "The newspaper published the news...", "These news should not be printed". This seems to refer to specific content being printed.
    *   Sense 2 Examples: "publish a magazine or newspaper". This refers to the entity/publication itself.
    *   The target phrase is "publish a booklet". This aligns closer to "publish a magazine" (Sense 2) than "publish the news" (Sense 1). A booklet is a discrete publication item, not just a piece of news content.

    Therefore, Sense 2 is the best fit. It describes an organization preparing and issuing a specific document (the booklet) for distribution.

4.  **Final selection:** Sense 2.

    *   Target: "publish a booklet"
    *   Sense 2 definition: "prepare and issue for public distribution or sale".
    *   Context: The Council will issue/bring out a booklet.

5.  **Construct JSON output:** `{"sense_index": 2}`.

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: vicar
Target surface form: vicar
Context:
"So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says. Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself. "The sound of bells is a net to draw people into the church, "he says. "I live in hopes that the ringers themselves will be drawn into that fuller life. "The Central Council of Church Bell Ringers, a sort of parliament of ringing groups, aims to improve relations with vicars, says John C. Baldwin, president. It hopes to speak to students at theological colleges about the joys of bell ringing and will shortly publish a booklet for every <t>vicar</t> in the country entitled, "The Bells in Your Care. "Says Mr. Baldwin, "We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority in church life and experience. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=vicar%1:18:00:: | definition=a Roman Catholic priest who acts for another higher-ranking clergyman
2. sense_key=vicar%1:18:02:: | definition=(Episcopal Church) a clergyman in charge of a chapel
3. sense_key=vicar%1:18:01:: | definition=(Church of England) a clergyman appointed to act as priest of a parish

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context mentions "Vicar Marshall" who is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer. It also mentions "The Central Council of Church Bell Ringers", "theological colleges", and "Church of England" context (bells in churches, parish life). Wait, does it explicitly say Church of England? It mentions "every vicar in the country", and bell ringing is very traditionally English (Church of England).
The senses are:
1. Roman Catholic priest
2. Episcopal Church clergyman in charge of a chapel
3. Church of England clergyman appointed to act as priest of a parish

Bell ringing is heavily associated with the Church of England. The context implies a parish ("priest of a parish"). Therefore, sense 3 is the best fit.

provider: SiliconFlow


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: country
Target surface form: country
Context:
"So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says. Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself. "The sound of bells is a net to draw people into the church, "he says. "I live in hopes that the ringers themselves will be drawn into that fuller life. "The Central Council of Church Bell Ringers, a sort of parliament of ringing groups, aims to improve relations with vicars, says John C. Baldwin, president. It hopes to speak to students at theological colleges about the joys of bell ringing and will shortly publish a booklet for every vicar in the <t>country</t> entitled, "The Bells in Your Care. "Says Mr. Baldwin, "We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority in church life and experience. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=country%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=state, nation, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
2. sense_key=country%1:15:00:: | definition=the territory occupied by a nation | synonyms=state, land | examples=he returned to the land of his birth; he visited several European countries
3. sense_key=country%1:14:01:: | definition=the people who live in a nation or country | synonyms=nation, land | examples=a statement that sums up the nation's mood; the news was announced to the nation
4. sense_key=country%1:15:01:: | definition=an area outside of cities and towns | synonyms=rural area | examples=his poetry celebrated the slower pace of life in the country
5. sense_key=country%1:15:02:: | definition=a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography) | synonyms=area | examples=it was a mountainous area; Bible country

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target will shortly publish a booklet for every vicar in the <t>country</t> Care.'"

Let me analyze this context- The context mentions "the Central Council of Church Bell Ringers" and vicars
- The phrase "every vicar in the country" suggests a political/territorial entity - the entire nation

Let me examine each sense:

1. "a politically organized body of people under a single government" - This refers to the political entity. Examples include "the state has elected a new president"

2. "the territory occupied by a nation" - This refers to the land/territory. Examples include "he returned to the land of his birth; he visited several European countries"

3. "the people who live in a nation or country" - This refers to the population/people. Examples include "a statement that sums up the nation's mood"

4. "an area outside of cities and towns" - This is rural area. This doesn't fit the context at all.

5. "a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary" - Like "Bible country" - this doesn't fit either.

The context is about distributing booklets to every vicar in the country. This usage is referring to the entire nation/territory - all the vicars throughout the nation.

The key distinction is between sense 1 (political entity) and sense 2 (territory).

In this context, "every vicar in the country" - this is talking about geographic distribution across the entire territory of a nation. The phrase "in the country" is a locative phrase indicating where all the vicars are located.

This seems to align better with sense 2 - "the territory occupied by a nation" - because the vicars are located throughout the territory.

However, I could also see an argument for sense 1 since we're talking about an organized entity where booklets are being distributed.

Let me reconsider. The phrase "every vicar in the country" - this is about location. The vicars are spread throughout the country. It's not about the political organization, it's about the territory.

Actually, looking 2 is "the territory occupied by a nation" with synonyms like "state, land" and examples like "he visited several European countries" - this fits well with "in the country" as a locative phrase.

Sense 1 is "a politically organized body of people under a single government" - this is more about the political entity itself, used when talking about what the country does as an entity.

I think sense 2 is the better fit because:
- The context uses "in the country" as a location
- We're talking about distributing materials throughout the territory
- The focus is on geographic scope, not political organization

So my answer is sense_index: 2.

provider: Amazon Bedrock


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: entitle
Target surface form: entitled
Context:
"So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says. Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself. "The sound of bells is a net to draw people into the church, "he says. "I live in hopes that the ringers themselves will be drawn into that fuller life. "The Central Council of Church Bell Ringers, a sort of parliament of ringing groups, aims to improve relations with vicars, says John C. Baldwin, president. It hopes to speak to students at theological colleges about the joys of bell ringing and will shortly publish a booklet for every vicar in the country <t>entitled</t>, "The Bells in Your Care. "Says Mr. Baldwin, "We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority in church life and experience. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=entitle%2:41:00:: | definition=give the right to | examples=The Freedom of Information Act entitles you to request your FBI file
2. sense_key=entitle%2:32:00:: | definition=give a title to | synonyms=title
3. sense_key=entitle%2:41:01:: | definition=give a title to someone; make someone a member of the nobility | synonyms=ennoble, gentle

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is "...will shortly publish a booklet for every vicar in the country entitled, 'The Bells in Your Care.'"
    *   The subject is "It" (The Central Council of Church Bell Ringers).
    *   The action is "publish a booklet".
    *   The target word "entitled" modifies "booklet".
    *   The quote "The Bells in Your Care" is the name of the booklet.

2.  **Analyze the senses:**
    *   Sense 1 (entitle%2:41:00::): "give the right to". Example: "The Freedom of Information Act entitles you to request your FBI file".
        *   Does the context involve giving rights? No. It's about naming a booklet.
    *   Sense 2 (entitle%2:32:00::): "give a title to". Synonyms: title.
        *   Does the context involve giving a name/title to something (a book, artwork, etc.)? Yes. The booklet is given the title "The Bells in Your Care".
    *   Sense 3 (entitle%2:41:01::): "give a title to someone; make someone a member of the nobility". Synonyms: ennoble, gentle.
        *   Does the context involve nobility? No. It's about a booklet.

3.  **Compare senses against context:**
    *   Sense 1 is incorrect (rights/privileges).
    *   Sense 3 is incorrect (nobility/aristocratic titles).
    *   Sense 2 is correct. It refers to giving a name to a creative work (book, book, movie, etc.). The structure "a booklet entitled 'X'" is a classic construction for this sense.

4.  **Determine the sense index:**
    *   Sense 1 -> index 1
    *   Sense 2 -> index 2
    *   Sense 3 -> index 3

5.  **Final Decision:** The correct sense is Sense 2.

6.  **Format Output:** The user wants a JSON object `{"sense_index": 2}`.

provider: Together


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bell
Target surface form: Bells
Context:
"So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says. Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself. "The sound of bells is a net to draw people into the church, "he says. "I live in hopes that the ringers themselves will be drawn into that fuller life. "The Central Council of Church Bell Ringers, a sort of parliament of ringing groups, aims to improve relations with vicars, says John C. Baldwin, president. It hopes to speak to students at theological colleges about the joys of bell ringing and will shortly publish a booklet for every vicar in the country entitled, "The <t>Bells</t> in Your Care. "Says Mr. Baldwin, "We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority in church life and experience. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bell%1:06:00:: | definition=a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck
2. sense_key=bell%1:06:02:: | definition=a push button at an outer door that gives a ringing or buzzing signal when pushed | synonyms=doorbell, buzzer
3. sense_key=bell%1:11:00:: | definition=the sound of a bell being struck | synonyms=toll | examples=saved by the bell; she heard the distant toll of church bells
4. sense_key=bell%1:28:00:: | definition=(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units of nautical time signaled by strokes of a ship's bell; eight bells signals 4:00, 8:00, or 12:00 o'clock, either a.m. or p.m. | synonyms=ship's bell
5. sense_key=bell%1:25:00:: | definition=the shape of a bell | synonyms=bell shape, campana
6. sense_key=bell%1:18:02:: | definition=a phonetician and father of Alexander Graham Bell (1819-1905) | synonyms=Melville Bell, Alexander Melville Bell
7. sense_key=bell%1:18:01:: | definition=English painter; sister of Virginia Woolf; prominent member of the Bloomsbury Group (1879-1961) | synonyms=Vanessa Bell, Vanessa Stephen
8. sense_key=bell%1:18:00:: | definition=United States inventor (born in Scotland) of the telephone (1847-1922) | synonyms=Alexander Bell, Alexander Graham Bell
9. sense_key=bell%1:06:04:: | definition=a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument | synonyms=chime, gong
10. sense_key=bell%1:06:03:: | definition=the flared opening of a tubular device

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The text discusses "ringers," "vicar," "congregation," "church," "the sound of bells," "Church Bell Ringers," and a booklet entitled "The Bells in Your Care."
    *   The target word is "Bells" in the phrase "The <t>Bells</t> in Your Care."
    *   It refers to physical objects in a church tower that are rung by "ringers."
    *   They make a sound ("crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang").
    *   They are devices used to call people to church.

2.  **Evaluate the candidate senses:**
    *   1. `bell%1:06:00::`: "a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck". This fits perfectly. Church bells are hollow metal devices rung to make sound.
    *   2. `bell%1:06:02::`: "a push button at an outer door... doorbell, buzzer". Incorrect. The context implies large church bells rung by a team of ringers, not a doorbell.
    *   3. `bell%1:11:00::`: "the sound of a bell being struck". The text says "The sound of bells is a net...", but the target phrase "The Bells in Your Care" refers to the physical objects the vicar is responsible for, not the abstract sound itself. The vicar cares for the instruments. Also, sense 1 covers the physical object which produces the sound.
    *   4. `bell%1:28:00::`: "nautical... half-hour units". Incorrect. The context is ecclesiastical, not nautical.
    *   5. `bell%1:25:00::`: "the shape of a bell". Incorrect. While bells have that shape, the text refers to the devices themselves, not the geometric shape concept.
    *   6. `bell%1:18:02::`: "a phonetician... Melville Bell". Incorrect. Proper noun, not relevant here.
    *   7. `bell%1:18:01::`: "English painter... Vanessa Bell". Incorrect. Proper noun.
    *   8. `bell%1:18:00::`: "United States inventor... Alexander Graham Bell". Incorrect. Proper noun.
    *   9. `bell%1:06:04::`: "a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells... chime, gong". While church bells are percussion instruments, this sense usually refers to orchestral chimes or tubular bells specifically. Sense 1 is the general definition for the standard church bell. Church bells are usually distinct from "chimes" (tubular bells) in WordNet hierarchy sometimes, but sense 1 is the primary definition for the object found in a belfry.
    *   10. `bell%1:06:03::`: "the flared opening of a tubular device". Incorrect. Not the physical object being rung.

3.  **Select the best sense:**
    *   Sense 1 is the standard definition for a church bell. The context describes "ringers" ringing them, "The Bells in Your Care" implies physical maintenance/responsibility, and "sound of bells" implies their function. Sense 1 fits "a hollow device made of metal..." perfectly for a church bell.

4.  **Format the output:** The user wants a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}` where X is the index of the chosen sense.

    *   Chosen Sense: 1.

5.  **Final check:**
    *   Context: Church bell ringing.
    *   Target: "Bells" (physical objects).
    *   Sense 1: Hollow metal device.
    *   Match: Yes.

provider: Parasail


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: care
Target surface form: Care
Context:
"So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says. Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself. "The sound of bells is a net to draw people into the church, "he says. "I live in hopes that the ringers themselves will be drawn into that fuller life. "The Central Council of Church Bell Ringers, a sort of parliament of ringing groups, aims to improve relations with vicars, says John C. Baldwin, president. It hopes to speak to students at theological colleges about the joys of bell ringing and will shortly publish a booklet for every vicar in the country entitled, "The Bells in Your <t>Care</t>. "Says Mr. Baldwin, "We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority in church life and experience. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=care%1:04:01:: | definition=the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something | synonyms=attention, aid, tending | examples=no medical care was required; the old car needs constant attention
2. sense_key=care%1:09:00:: | definition=judiciousness in avoiding harm or danger | synonyms=caution, precaution, forethought | examples=he exercised caution in opening the door; he handled the vase with care
3. sense_key=care%1:12:01:: | definition=an anxious feeling | synonyms=concern, fear | examples=care had aged him; they hushed it up out of fear of public reaction
4. sense_key=care%1:12:00:: | definition=a cause for feeling concern | examples=his major care was the illness of his wife
5. sense_key=care%1:04:02:: | definition=attention and management implying responsibility for safety | synonyms=charge, tutelage, guardianship | examples=he is in the care of a bodyguard
6. sense_key=care%1:04:00:: | definition=activity involved in maintaining something in good working order | synonyms=maintenance, upkeep | examples=he wrote the manual on car care

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   Sentence: "It hopes to speak to students at theological colleges about the joys of bell ringing and will shortly publish a booklet for every vicar in the country entitled, 'The Bells in Your <t>Care</t>.'"
    *   Subject: A booklet published for vicars by the Central Council of Church Bell Ringers.
    *   Target: "Care".
    *   Possessive: "Your Care" (referring to the vicar's care/responsibility/domain).
    *   Object of care: "The Bells". The bells are in the vicar's care. This implies responsibility, oversight, or maintenance of the bells within the church context.

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1 (care%1:04:01::):** Definition: "the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something". Synonyms: attention, aid, tending. Examples: "no medical care was required", "the old car needs constant attention".
        *   *Fit:* "Providing treatment" sounds too medical or specific to persons. However, "attending to something" is broader. But is it the right specific nuance for bells in a church?

    *   **Sense 2 (care%1:09:00::):** Definition: "judiciousness in avoiding harm or danger". Synonyms: caution, precaution, forethought. Examples: "he exercised caution...", "he handled the vase with care".
        *   *Fit:* This refers to the *manner* of handling something (being careful), not a state of responsibility or charge over an object. The booklet isn't titled "The Bells in Your Being Careful". It means "The Bells You Are Responsible For". This is incorrect.

    *   **Sense 3 (care%1:12:01::):** Definition: "an anxious feeling". Synonyms: concern, fear. Examples: "care had aged him".
        *   *Fit:* This refers to an emotion. The booklet isn't titled "The Bells in Your Anxiety". This is incorrect.

    *   **Sense 4 (care%1:12:00::):** Definition: "a cause for feeling concern". Examples: "his major care was the illness of his wife".
        *   *Fit:* This refers to a burden or worry source. While a vicar might worry about bells, the phrase "in your care" usually denotes responsibility/charge, not just a source of worry.

    *   **Sense 5 (care%1:04:02::):** Definition: "attention and management implying responsibility for safety". Synonyms: charge, tutelage, guardianship. Examples: "he is in the care of a bodyguard".
        *   *Fit:* The phrase "in your care" is a strong collocator for this sense. The vicar has "charge" or "guardianship" over the church property, including the bells. The definition "attention and management implying responsibility" fits the role of a vicar regarding church assets perfectly. The phrase "in your care" matches the example "he is in the care of a bodyguard" (conceptually reversed: the object is in the person's sphere of responsibility).

    *   **Sense 6 (care%1:04:00::):** Definition: "activity involved in maintaining something in good working order". Synonyms: maintenance, upkeep. Examples: "he wrote the manual on car care".
        *   *Fit:* This is close. Bells require maintenance. The booklet is about bell ringing and presumably maintaining relations/bells. However, Sense 5 includes the aspect of *responsibility* and the specific phrase "in your care". Sense 6 usually manifests as "car care", "lawn care", "skin care" (noun + care = maintenance routine). Here, the structure is "The [Items] in Your [Responsibility/Charge]". "The Bells in Your Maintenance" sounds clumsy compared to "The Bells in Your Charge". Sense 5's "charge" and "responsibility for safety" align better with the possessive "Your Care" indicating the domain of the vicar's duty.

3.  **Comparing Sense 1, 5, and 6:**
    *   Sense 1 is usually for people (tending, medical aid).
    *   Sense 6 is for objects but usually refers to the *activity/process* (maintenance). "Bell care" would be the activity. "The Bells in Your Care" implies the bells are under the vicar's supervision/charge.
    *   Sense 5 is "charge, guardianship". If something is "in your care", it is "in your charge". This is the standard definition for the phrase "in one's care".
    *   Context: The vicar is the spiritual leader and manager of the church. The bells are church property. They are his/her responsibility. The booklet is addressing how the ringers relate to the vicar who holds that responsibility.

    Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 5: "charge, tutelage, guardianship".
    Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 6: "maintenance, upkeep".
    The phrase "in your care" strongly implies "in your charge" (Sense 5). If the title were "The Care of Bells", Sense 6 might be possible (referring to maintenance). But "The Bells in Your Care" locates the bells within the vicar's sphere of responsibility.

    Therefore, Sense 5 is the best fit.

4.  **Final Decision:**
    *   Sense 5 covers "charge" and "responsibility".
    *   Phrase match: "in your care" = "in your charge".
    *   Index: 5.

    Wait, let me double check the indices provided in the prompt.
    1. care%1:04:01:: (treatment/aid)
    2. care%1:09:00:: (caution)
    3. care%1:12:01:: (anxious feeling)
    4. care%1:12:00:: (cause for concern)
    5. care%1:04:02:: (charge, responsibility)
    6. care%1:04:00:: (maintenance)

    My reasoning holds. Sense 5 matches "charge" and the idiom "in one's care".

    Constructing JSON output.

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: say
Target surface form: Says
Context:
Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself. "The sound of bells is a net to draw people into the church, "he says. "I live in hopes that the ringers themselves will be drawn into that fuller life. "The Central Council of Church Bell Ringers, a sort of parliament of ringing groups, aims to improve relations with vicars, says John C. Baldwin, president. It hopes to speak to students at theological colleges about the joys of bell ringing and will shortly publish a booklet for every vicar in the country entitled, "The Bells in Your Care. "<t>Says</t> Mr. Baldwin, "We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority in church life and experience. "Mr. Baldwin is also attacking the greater problem: lack of ringers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=say%2:32:00:: | definition=express in words | synonyms=state, tell | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you
2. sense_key=say%2:32:01:: | definition=report or maintain | synonyms=allege, aver | examples=He alleged that he was the victim of a crime; He said it was too late to intervene in the war
3. sense_key=say%2:32:03:: | definition=express a supposition | synonyms=suppose | examples=Let us say that he did not tell the truth; Let's say you had a lot of money--what would you do?
4. sense_key=say%2:42:00:: | definition=have or contain a certain wording or form | synonyms=read | examples=The passage reads as follows; What does the law say?
5. sense_key=say%2:32:04:: | definition=give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority | synonyms=order, tell, enjoin | examples=I said to him to go home; She ordered him to do the shopping
6. sense_key=say%2:32:02:: | definition=speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way | synonyms=pronounce, articulate, enounce, sound out, enunciate | examples=She pronounces French words in a funny way; I cannot say `zip wire'
7. sense_key=say%2:32:07:: | definition=communicate or express nonverbally | examples=What does this painting say?; Did his face say anything about how he felt?
8. sense_key=say%2:32:15:: | definition=utter aloud | examples=She said `Hello' to everyone in the office
9. sense_key=say%2:32:13:: | definition=state as one's opinion or judgement; declare | examples=I say let's forget this whole business
10. sense_key=say%2:32:08:: | definition=recite or repeat a fixed text | examples=Say grace; She said her `Hail Mary'
11. sense_key=say%2:32:09:: | definition=indicate | examples=The clock says noon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Word:**
    *   Target lemma: `say`
    *   Target surface form: `Says` (appears twice in the context, first "he says", then "Says Mr. Baldwin"). The prompt asks about the specific instance marked by tags `<t>Says</t>`. In the text: "Says Mr. Baldwin, 'We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority in church life and experience.'"

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The sentence is: `<t>Says</t> Mr. Baldwin, "We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority in church life and experience."`
    *   Structure: Subject (Mr. Baldwin) is post-posed or inverted. The verb is "Says". The content is a direct quotation.
    *   Function: The verb introduces a statement made by a specific person (Mr. Baldwin). It is reporting speech.

3.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1: express in words** (synonyms: state, tell).
        *   Definition: General sense of uttering words to convey meaning.
        *   Examples: "He said that he wanted to marry her."
        *   Fit: This is the most general and common sense of "say" when introducing a quote or statement. Mr. Baldwin is expressing words.

    *   **Sense 2: report or maintain** (synonyms: allege, aver).
        *   Definition: Implies stating something as a fact, often without proof or as a claim.
        *   Examples: "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime."
        *   Fit: Mr. Baldwin is stating something ("We recognize..."), but the context isn't legal or argumentative in the sense of "alleging" or "maintaining" a controversial claim against opposition. It's a straightforward reporting of speech. While he is maintaining a position, sense 1 covers the act of speaking the words. Sense 2 usually carries a connotation of asserting a claim. The quote is "We recognize...", which is an acknowledgment. Sense 1 is a better fit for the physical act of speaking/stating the quote.

    *   **Sense 3: express a supposition** (synonyms: suppose).
        *   Fit: No. This is the imperative "Let's say..." or "Say...". Not applicable here.

    *   **Sense 4: have or contain a certain wording or form** (synonyms: read).
        *   Fit: No. This is for text/signs (e.g., "The sign says Stop").

    *   **Sense 5: give instructions...** (synonyms: order, tell).
        *   Fit: No. He isn't ordering anyone.

    *   **Sense 6: pronounce, or utter in a certain way**.
        *   Fit: No. The focus isn't on *how* he pronounces the words (accent/articulation).

    *   **Sense 7: communicate or express nonverbally**.
        *   Fit: No. It's a verbal quote.

    *   **Sense 8: utter aloud**.
        *   Fit: Very similar to Sense 1. Often Sense 8 is for short exclamations (e.g., "She said 'Hello'"). Here it is a full sentence statement. Sense 1 ("express in words") is the standard sense for reporting statements in journalism.

    *   **Sense 9: state as one's opinion or judgement**.
        *   Fit: He is stating an opinion/observation ("We recognize..."). However, Sense 1 is the hypernym and covers the reporting of speech generally. Is there a specific nuance distinguishing 1 and 9 here? Sense 9 examples ("I say let's forget this whole business") suggest an opinionative interjection or a declarative judgment. The text is a direct quote of a statement. Sense 1 ("express in words") is the standard journalistic sense used to attribute quotes. Example: "He said that he wanted to marry her" (Sense 1) vs "I say let's forget this" (Sense 9). The context here aligns closer to the Sense 1 example structure.

    *   **Sense 10: recite or repeat a fixed text**.
        *   Fit: No. Not a prayer or grace.

    *   **Sense 11: indicate**.
        *   Fit: No. Not a clock or gauge.

4.  **Refine Choice (Sense 1 vs. Sense 2):**
    *   Sense 1: "express in words".
    *   Sense 2: "report or maintain".
    *   Often, journalistic attribution falls under Sense 1. Sense 2 ("allege") usually implies a contested fact or a claim that might not be true. Mr. Baldwin is acknowledging a situation ("We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority..."). This is a statement of fact/observation. Sense 1 is the neutral "expressing in words".

5.  **Refine Choice (Sense 1 vs. Sense 8):**
    *   Sense 8 ("utter aloud") usually applies to simple vocalizations or single words ("She said 'Hello'"). When introducing a complex clause or a quote, Sense 1 ("express in words") is the standard definition used in WordNet for the act of stating.

6.  **Conclusion:**
    The sentence "Says Mr. Baldwin, 'We recognize...'" is a standard reporting structure. Mr. Baldwin is expressing a thought in words. This maps directly to Sense 1 (definition: "express in words", examples: "He said that he wanted to marry her").

    Let's double check Sense 2 ("report or maintain").
    Example: "He said it was too late to intervene".
    Is "We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority..." similar to that?
    Sense 2 is often used for assertions. "The report says X." "He said he was innocent."
    Sense 1 is "express in words".
    In the context of an interview or article, "Says Mr. Baldwin" is attributing speech. The content is an acknowledgment. Sense 1 is the most general and appropriate sense for "speech verb introducing a quote". Sense 2 is slightly more specific (asserting a position). While one *can* argue he is maintaining a position, Sense 1 is the foundational sense for speech attribution. WordNet sense 1 is usually the default for "say" when it just means "speak/express".

    Let's look at the inversion: "Says Mr. Baldwin".
    If I substitute synonyms:
    "States Mr. Baldwin" (Sense 1 synonym).
    "Alleges Mr. Baldwin" (Sense 2 synonym - doesn't fit the context of an acknowledgment).
    "Orders Mr. Baldwin" (Sense 5 - no).

    Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

    Final check of sense indices.
    1. express in words.
    2. report or maintain.
    ...
    8. utter aloud.

    The quote is a complex statement. Sense 1 is the best fit.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: recognize
Target surface form: recognize
Context:
Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself. "The sound of bells is a net to draw people into the church, "he says. "I live in hopes that the ringers themselves will be drawn into that fuller life. "The Central Council of Church Bell Ringers, a sort of parliament of ringing groups, aims to improve relations with vicars, says John C. Baldwin, president. It hopes to speak to students at theological colleges about the joys of bell ringing and will shortly publish a booklet for every vicar in the country entitled, "The Bells in Your Care. "Says Mr. Baldwin, "We <t>recognize</t> that we may no longer have as high a priority in church life and experience. "Mr. Baldwin is also attacking the greater problem: lack of ringers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=recognize%2:31:02:: | definition=accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority | synonyms=acknowledge, recognise, know | examples=The Crown Prince was acknowledged as the true heir to the throne; We do not recognize your gods
2. sense_key=recognize%2:31:01:: | definition=be fully aware or cognizant of | synonyms=recognise, realize, realise, agnize, agnise
3. sense_key=recognize%2:39:01:: | definition=detect with the senses | synonyms=spot, recognise, distinguish, discern, pick out, make out | examples=The fleeing convicts were picked out of the darkness by the watchful prison guards; I can't make out the faces in this photograph
4. sense_key=recognize%2:31:00:: | definition=perceive to be the same | synonyms=recognise
5. sense_key=recognize%2:41:00:: | definition=grant credentials to | synonyms=accredit, recognise | examples=The Regents officially recognized the new educational institution; recognize an academic degree
6. sense_key=recognize%2:32:01:: | definition=express greetings upon meeting someone | synonyms=greet, recognise
7. sense_key=recognize%2:32:00:: | definition=express obligation, thanks, or gratitude for | synonyms=acknowledge, recognise | examples=We must acknowledge the kindness she showed towards us
8. sense_key=recognize%2:42:00:: | definition=exhibit recognition for (an antigen or a substrate)
9. sense_key=recognize%2:41:01:: | definition=show approval or appreciation of | synonyms=recognise | examples=My work is not recognized by anybody!; The best student was recognized by the Dean

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "recognize" in the context: "We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority in church life and experience."

Let me analyze each sense:

1. sense_key=recognize%2:31:02:: | definition=accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority | synonyms=acknowledge, recognise, know | examples=The Crown Prince was acknowledged as the true heir to the throne; We do not recognize your gods

This is about accepting authority or accepting someone's claims. The context is not about accepting someone's authority - it's about understanding/admitting a fact.

2. sense_key=recognize%2:31:01:: | definition=be fully aware or cognizant of | synonyms=recognise, realize, realise, agnize, agnise

This is about being aware of or understanding something. The context "We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority..." means acknowledging/understanding a fact. This seems to fit well.

3. sense_key=recognize%2:39:01:: | definition=detect with the senses | synonyms=spot, recognise, distinguish, discern, pick out, make out | examples=The fleeing convicts were picked out of the darkness by the watchful prison guards; I can't make out the faces in this photograph

This is about detecting something physically with senses - not applicable here.

4. sense_key=recognize%2:31:00:: | definition=perceive to be the same | synonyms=recognise

This is about identifying something as the same as something else - not applicable.

5. sense_key=recognize%2:41:00:: | definition=grant credentials to | synonyms=accredit, recognise | examples=The Regents officially recognized the new educational institution; recognize an academic degree

This is about granting official credentials - not applicable.

6. sense_key=recognize%2:32:01:: | definition=express greetings upon meeting someone | synonyms=greet, recognise

This is about greeting - not applicable.

7. sense_key=recognize%2:32:00:: | definition=express obligation, thanks, or gratitude for | synonyms=acknowledge, recognise | examples=We must acknowledge the kindness she showed towards us

This is about expressing gratitude - not applicable.

8. sense_key=recognize%2:42:00:: | definition=exhibit recognition for (an antigen or a substrate)

This is a biological/medical sense - not applicable.

9. sense_key=recognize%2:41:01:: | definition=show approval or appreciation of | synonyms=recognise | examples=My work is not recognized by anybody!; The best student was recognized by the Dean

This is about showing approval or appreciation - not quite right for this context.

Let me reconsider sense 1 and sense 2:

The sentence is "We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority in church life and experience."

This is about acknowledging/admitting/understanding a fact about their situation. It's not about accepting someone's authority (sense 1), but rather being aware of or cognizant of something (sense 2).

However, let me think about this more carefully. "Recognize that" is often used in the sense of acknowledging or admitting something to be true. This is close to sense 1 which involves "accept (someone) to be what is claimed" but applied to a proposition rather than a person.

Actually, sense 2 "be fully aware or cognizant of" seems most appropriate. When someone says "We recognize that..." they are saying they are aware of and acknowledge a fact.

Looking more closely at sense 1 - it says "accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority" with examples about recognizing the Crown Prince as heir, or not recognizing gods. This is about accepting/acknowledging entities or their authority, not facts or propositions.

Sense 2 "be fully aware or cognizant of" with synonyms like "realize" is more appropriate for "recognize that [proposition]."

So my answer is sense_index: 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: no
Target surface form: no
Context:
Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself. "The sound of bells is a net to draw people into the church, "he says. "I live in hopes that the ringers themselves will be drawn into that fuller life. "The Central Council of Church Bell Ringers, a sort of parliament of ringing groups, aims to improve relations with vicars, says John C. Baldwin, president. It hopes to speak to students at theological colleges about the joys of bell ringing and will shortly publish a booklet for every vicar in the country entitled, "The Bells in Your Care. "Says Mr. Baldwin, "We recognize that we may <t>no</t> longer have as high a priority in church life and experience. "Mr. Baldwin is also attacking the greater problem: lack of ringers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=no%4:02:02:: | definition=referring to the degree to which a certain quality is present | synonyms=no more | examples=he was no heavier than a child
2. sense_key=no%4:02:01:: | definition=not in any degree or manner; not at all | examples=he is no better today
3. sense_key=no%4:02:00:: | definition=used to express refusal or denial or disagreement etc or especially to emphasize a negative statement | examples=no, you are wrong

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the candidate senses to determine which one best fits the usage of "no" in this passage.

The target sentence is:
"We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority in church life and experience."

In this context, "no" is part of the phrase "no longer" which indicates that something that was true in the past is not true anymore. The phrase "no longer" indicates that a previous state or condition has changed - specifically, that bell ringers no longer have as high a priority in church life as they once did.

Let's examine each candidate sense:

1. sense_key=no%4:02:02:: | definition=referring to the degree to which a certain quality is present | synonyms=no more | examples=he was no heavier than a child
This sense talks about degree of quality, with "no more" as a synonym. This could potentially fit since "no longer" somewhat parallels "no more" in indicating a change in status.

2. sense_key=no%4:02:01:: | definition=not in any degree or manner; not at all | examples=he is no better today
This sense emphasizes complete negation "not in any degree or manner; not at all." In our example, "no longer" means "not anymore" or "not now, though once true," which involves negation of a previous state continuing into the present.

3. sense_key=no%4:02:00:: | definition=used to express refusal or denial or disagreement etc or especially to emphasize a negative statement | examples=no, you are wrong
This sense is about expressing refusal, denial, or disagreement. This doesn't fit our context since "no longer" is not about expressing refusal or disagreement.

Let me think more carefully about senses 1 and 2:

Sense 1 talks about "referring to the degree to which a certain quality is present" with examples like "he was no heavier than a child." This is comparing degrees and saying someone is not more than something else.

Sense 2 is "not in any degree or manner; not at all" with examples like "he is no better today." This is negating a quality entirely.

In our sentence "we may no longer have as high a priority," the "no" is negating the continuation of a previous state. The phrase "no longer" specifically indicates that something that was true before is not true now. This is close to the idea of "not anymore" or "not now."

I think Sense 2 is the better fit because "no longer" involves a complete negation of the continuation of the previous state. The "no" in "no longer" functions to negate the temporal continuation, saying "not [continuing] longer" which aligns with "not in any degree or manner; not at all."

However, let me double-check Sense 1 again. It mentions "no more" as a synonym, and "no longer" and "no more" can have similar meanings. Both indicate that something that was previously true is not true now. But the definition "referring to the degree to which a certain quality is present" doesn't quite capture the temporal aspect of "no longer."

Given the definitions and examples, I believe Sense 2 (index 2) is the best fit for "no" in the phrase "no longer" in this context.

provider: Chutes


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: high
Target surface form: high
Context:
Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself. "The sound of bells is a net to draw people into the church, "he says. "I live in hopes that the ringers themselves will be drawn into that fuller life. "The Central Council of Church Bell Ringers, a sort of parliament of ringing groups, aims to improve relations with vicars, says John C. Baldwin, president. It hopes to speak to students at theological colleges about the joys of bell ringing and will shortly publish a booklet for every vicar in the country entitled, "The Bells in Your Care. "Says Mr. Baldwin, "We recognize that we may no longer have as <t>high</t> a priority in church life and experience. "Mr. Baldwin is also attacking the greater problem: lack of ringers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=high%3:00:02:: | definition=greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount | examples=a high temperature; a high price
2. sense_key=high%3:00:01:: | definition=(literal meaning) being at or having a relatively great or specific elevation or upward extension (sometimes used in combinations like `knee-high') | examples=a high mountain; high ceilings
3. sense_key=high%5:00:00:superior:01 | definition=standing above others in quality or position | synonyms=eminent | examples=people in high places; the high priest
4. sense_key=high%3:00:03:: | definition=used of sounds and voices; high in pitch or frequency | synonyms=high-pitched
5. sense_key=high%5:00:00:elated:00 | definition=happy and excited and energetic | synonyms=in high spirits
6. sense_key=high%5:00:00:malodorous:00 | definition=(used of the smell of meat) smelling spoiled or tainted | synonyms=gamey, gamy
7. sense_key=high%5:00:00:intoxicated:00 | definition=slightly and pleasantly intoxicated from alcohol or a drug (especially marijuana) | synonyms=mellow

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The target word is "high" used in the phrase "as high a priority in church life and experience." The speaker, Mr. Baldwin, is discussing the status or importance of bell ringing within the church. He admits that bell ringers "may no longer have as high a priority."

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** "greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount." Examples: "a high temperature", "a high price". This sense describes abstract measurements or degrees.
    *   **Sense 2:** "(literal meaning) being at or having a relatively great or specific elevation or upward extension." Examples: "a high mountain", "high ceilings". This is physical elevation.
    *   **Sense 3:** "standing above others in quality or position." Synonyms: "eminent". Examples: "people in high places", "the high priest". This refers to rank, status, or hierarchy.
    *   **Sense 4:** "used of sounds and voices; high in pitch or frequency." This is auditory.
    *   **Sense 5:** "happy and excited and energetic." This is an emotional state.
    *   **Sense 6:** "(used of the smell of meat) smelling spoiled or tainted." This is irrelevant.
    *   **Sense 7:** "slightly and pleasantly intoxicated..." This is irrelevant.

3.  **Evaluate the fit:**

    *   The phrase is "high a priority".
    *   "Priority" is an abstract concept representing importance or ranking.
    *   Does it fit Sense 1 (degree/amount)? One can have a "high degree of priority" or a "high priority". This is a very common collocation. "High priority" implies a great amount of importance.
    *   Does it fit Sense 3 (quality/position)? This sense often applies to people ("high priest", "high places") or rank. Can a priority be "eminent"? Not typically. "Priority" isn't usually described as "standing above others in quality or position" in the same way a person or an object of quality is. However, "high status" or "high rank" uses Sense 3 logic.
    *   Let's look closer at the distinction between Sense 1 and Sense 3 for abstract nouns.
        *   Sense 1: "greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount". "High price", "high temperature". These are scalar attributes. "Priority" is a scalar attribute (low priority to high priority).
        *   Sense 3: "standing above others in quality or position". "High society", "high office", "high altar". These are often about relative status or hierarchy.

    *   Let's check WordNet hierarchies or similar WSD tasks.
        *   "High priority": Does priority have a "position"? Yes, on a list. But is it "standing above others"? Or is it "greater than normal in degree"?
        *   Usually, "high" combined with abstract nouns indicating level or degree (price, cost, speed, temperature, pressure, priority) falls under Sense 1 (often labeled as `high%3:00:02::`).
        *   Sense 3 is usually for "high ranking" or "high quality" (e.g., "high style", "high society").

    *   Let's re-read the definition of Sense 1: "greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount".
    *   "High priority" = high degree of importance. This fits perfectly with "degree".
    *   Let's re-read Sense 3: "standing above others in quality or position".
    *   While "priority" relates to position on a list, the usage "as high a priority" emphasizes the *amount* or *degree* of importance attached to it. It is a scalar usage. If the text said "people of high priority" (meaning important people), Sense 3 might be relevant. But here it refers to the abstract concept of the activity's importance.

    *   Comparison:
        *   "A high price" -> Sense 1 (amount/degree).
        *   "A high temperature" -> Sense 1 (degree).
        *   "A high priority" -> Sense 1 (degree of importance).

    *   Is there an argument for Sense 3? "High office" is position. "High table" is position. "High priority" is position on a list? It's possible, but standard WSD mapping (like OntoNotes or WordNet usage) tends to treat "high" modifying scalar abstract nouns (probability, priority, cost, value) as the "degree/amount" sense (Sense 1).

    *   Let's look at the examples provided for Sense 1: "a high temperature", "a high price". These are values on a scale.
    *   Let's look at the examples for Sense 3: "people in high places", "the high priest". These are rank/status.

    *   "Priority" is a ranking, but "high priority" usually denotes the *level* of urgency. "High degree of priority". Therefore, Sense 1 is the strongest fit.

4.  **Final Decision:** The phrase "high priority" refers to the degree of importance. It fits the definition "greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount".

    *   Sense 1 is the correct choice.

    Wait, let me double-check indexing.
    1. sense_key=high%3:00:02:: | definition=greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount
    2. sense_key=high%3:00:01:: | definition=(literal meaning) being at or having a relatively great or specific elevation...
    3. sense_key=high%5:00:00:superior:01 | definition=standing above others in quality or position
    ...

    If Sense 1 is selected, the index is 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: priority
Target surface form: priority
Context:
Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself. "The sound of bells is a net to draw people into the church, "he says. "I live in hopes that the ringers themselves will be drawn into that fuller life. "The Central Council of Church Bell Ringers, a sort of parliament of ringing groups, aims to improve relations with vicars, says John C. Baldwin, president. It hopes to speak to students at theological colleges about the joys of bell ringing and will shortly publish a booklet for every vicar in the country entitled, "The Bells in Your Care. "Says Mr. Baldwin, "We recognize that we may no longer have as high a <t>priority</t> in church life and experience. "Mr. Baldwin is also attacking the greater problem: lack of ringers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=priority%1:26:00:: | definition=status established in order of importance or urgency | synonyms=precedence, precedency | examples=...its precedence as the world's leading manufacturer of pharmaceuticals; national independence takes priority over class struggle
2. sense_key=priority%1:07:00:: | definition=preceding in time | synonyms=antecedence, antecedency, anteriority, precedence, precedency

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the candidate senses for the word "priority":

Context: "We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority in church life and experience."

The sentence is about bell-ringers acknowledging that their activity may not be as important or urgent in the context of church life and experience.

Candidate senses:

1. sense_key=priority%1:26:00:: | definition=status established in order of importance or urgency | synonyms=precedence, precedency | examples=...its precedence as the world's leading manufacturer of pharmaceuticals; national independence takes priority over class struggle

2. sense_key=priority%1:07:00:: | definition=preceding in time | synonyms=antecedence, antecedency, anteriority, precedence, precedency

In this context, the speaker is talking about how bell-ringing may not have the same level of importance or urgency in the church's priorities. The context is about the relative importance of bell-ringing in church life, not about something happening before something else in time.

Sense 1 refers to importance or urgency, which fits the context of the church's prioritization of different activities. Sense 2 refers to preceding in time, which doesn't fit the context as well.

The examples for sense 1 also align with this usage - talking about something's precedence as a leading manufacturer or national independence taking priority (being more important) than class struggle.

Therefore, sense 1 (priority%1:26:00::) is the best match for this context.

{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: church
Target surface form: church
Context:
Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself. "The sound of bells is a net to draw people into the church, "he says. "I live in hopes that the ringers themselves will be drawn into that fuller life. "The Central Council of Church Bell Ringers, a sort of parliament of ringing groups, aims to improve relations with vicars, says John C. Baldwin, president. It hopes to speak to students at theological colleges about the joys of bell ringing and will shortly publish a booklet for every vicar in the country entitled, "The Bells in Your Care. "Says Mr. Baldwin, "We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority in <t>church</t> life and experience. "Mr. Baldwin is also attacking the greater problem: lack of ringers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=church%1:14:00:: | definition=one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship | synonyms=Christian church
2. sense_key=church%1:06:00:: | definition=a place for public (especially Christian) worship | synonyms=church building | examples=the church was empty
3. sense_key=church%1:04:00:: | definition=a service conducted in a house of worship | synonyms=church service | examples=don't be late for church
4. sense_key=church%1:14:01:: | definition=the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church | examples=our church is hosting a picnic next week

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   Sentence: "We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority in <t>church</t> life and experience."
    *   Speaker: John C. Baldwin, president of the Central Council of Church Bell Ringers.
    *   Topic: The role of bell ringers and bell ringing within the broader context of the church organization/activities.
    *   Key phrase: "church life and experience". This phrase suggests "church" refers to an institution, a community, or a set of organized activities and spiritual life, rather than just a physical building.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `church%1:14:00::` | Definition: one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship (e.g., the Anglican Church, the Catholic Church). Synonym: Christian church.
        *   *Critique:* This usually refers to a denomination or the universal body of believers (Church with a capital C). While related, the context is about specific activities (ringing) and priority within the functioning of the local religious community. "Church life" usually implies the day-to-day activities of the local congregation or the institution generally, not necessarily a specific denomination distinction here.

    *   **Sense 2:** `church%1:06:00::` | Definition: a place for public (especially Christian) worship. Synonym: church building.
        *   *Critique:* "Priority in church building life and experience"? This fits poorly. While bells are in buildings, the phrase "church life" refers to the social and religious sphere, not the bricks and mortar. One has a priority *in* an organization or community, not usually *in* a physical object's "life".

    *   **Sense 3:** `church%1:04:00::` | Definition: a service conducted in a house of worship. Synonym: church service.
        *   *Critique:* "Priority in church service life"? No. This sense is for specific events (e.g., "I am going to church").

    *   **Sense 4:** `church%1:14:01::` | Definition=the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church.
        *   *Critique:* The example is "our church is hosting a picnic". This refers to the collective group or the institution as a social body. The phrase "church life" strongly supports this sense (or Sense 1). Sense 4 is specifically about the *body of people* or the local institution. The context talks about relations with vicars, students at theological colleges, and the "life" of the church. Bell ringers want to be part of the "church life".
        *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 1 vs Sense 4.
        *   Sense 1 is usually the institutional/denominational level (The Catholic Church). Sense 4 is the local congregation/body of people.
        *   However, looking at the definition for Sense 1: "one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship". This is often used for denominations.
        *   Looking at the definition for Sense 4: "the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church".
        *   In the phrase "church life", "church" functions as an abstract concept of the religious community/institution.
        *   Let's look at how WordNet hierarchies usually handle this. Often, the "organization" or "institution" sense is lumped with the "people" sense or distinct.
        *   Context: "priority in church life". Does this mean priority in the building? No. Priority in the denomination? Maybe. Priority in the local community's activities? Most likely.
        *   Baldwin is speaking about the "Central Council of Church Bell Ringers" and relations with "vicars" (local). He says "priority in church life". This implies the general sphere of church activities and community.
        *   Let's look at the examples provided in the prompt for Sense 4: "our church is hosting a picnic next week". This fits the "social/community" aspect.
        *   Let's check Sense 1 again. Synonym: Christian church. Example (usually external): "the church is universal".
        *   In this context, "church life" refers to the collective religious life of the congregation. Sense 4 fits "body of people" / "local church". Sense 1 fits "denomination".
        *   Since the context involves specific vicars and local bell ringers trying to integrate into the community life, Sense 4 is the closest fit among the provided options, as it denotes the community/social aspect of the church rather than the building or the denomination as a whole (though there is overlap).
        *   Wait, let's reconsider Sense 1's definition: "one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship". This is the "denomination" sense.
        *   Sense 4's definition: "the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church".
        *   Phrase: "priority in church life".
        *   Is "church" here the building? No.
        *   Is "church" here a specific service? No.
        *   Is "church" here the denomination? Unlikely in the phrase "church life" regarding bell ringers; bell ringers operate locally.
        *   Is "church" here the local body of people/congregation/community? Yes. The "life" of the church is the life of its community.
        *   Therefore, Sense 4 is the intended sense. The distinction between Sense 1 and Sense 4 in WordNet is often Denomination vs Local Congregation. The context is about the local integration of bell ringers.

    *   Let's double check Sense 1 vs 4 ambiguity.
        *   Sense 1: The Anglican Church, The Methodist Church.
        *   Sense 4: The local church community.
        *   Text: "priority in church life". This refers to the functioning of the local religious community. Sense 4 captures the "people/community" aspect necessary for "life" (social/spiritual life).
        *   Sense 2 is definitely out (building).
        *   Sense 3 is definitely out (service/event).

    *   Decision between 1 and 4.
        *   "We [bell ringers] may no longer have as high a priority in church life."
        *   Bell ringers are part of a local group. The vicar is local. The "church life" is the community life.
        *   Sense 4 is defined as "the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church".
        *   This fits the abstraction of "church" as a social/spiritual community.

    *   One nuance: Sometimes "church life" can refer to the institution broadly. If Sense 1 is the institution and Sense 4 is the people, which is it?
    *   Sense 1 Definition: "one of the groups of Christians...". This leans towards denominations.
    *   Sense 4 Definition: "the body of people who attend...".
    *   Context: "The sound of bells is a net to draw people into the church... I live in hopes that the ringers themselves will be drawn into that fuller life."
    *   "Draw people into the church" -> Here "church" could be the community (Sense 4) or the building (Sense 2)?
        *   Vicar says "draw people into the church". Usually, this means draw them into the community/faith (Sense 4/1), not just the physical building. "Fuller life" confirms the spiritual/community aspect.
    *   Target Sentence: "priority in church life".
    *   If Sense 1 is "denomination", it's wrong.
    *   If Sense 4 is "local congregation/people", it's right. Bell ringers are losing priority in the local community's activities.
    *   There is no sense provided for "The Church as a generic institution" (often Sense 1 in some dictionaries, but WordNet splits it). Sense 1 usually implies distinct beliefs/forms of worship (denominations).
    *   Therefore, Sense 4 (the body of people/local church) is the best fit for "church life" at a local level involving vicars and local activities.

    *   Let's confirm indices.
    *   1: Denomination.
    *   2: Building.
    *   3: Service.
    *   4: Local congregation/people.

    *   The phrase "church life" refers to the life of the local religious community. Sense 4 is the specific WordNet sense for the congregation/body of people. Even though "church" can be abstract, Sense 4 captures the human element ("body of people") implied by "life" and "priority" within a local context (vicars).

    *   Therefore, index 4.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: life
Target surface form: life
Context:
Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself. "The sound of bells is a net to draw people into the church, "he says. "I live in hopes that the ringers themselves will be drawn into that fuller life. "The Central Council of Church Bell Ringers, a sort of parliament of ringing groups, aims to improve relations with vicars, says John C. Baldwin, president. It hopes to speak to students at theological colleges about the joys of bell ringing and will shortly publish a booklet for every vicar in the country entitled, "The Bells in Your Care. "Says Mr. Baldwin, "We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority in church <t>life</t> and experience. "Mr. Baldwin is also attacking the greater problem: lack of ringers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=life%1:26:01:: | definition=a characteristic state or mode of living | examples=social life; city life
2. sense_key=life%1:09:00:: | definition=the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities | synonyms=living | examples=he could no longer cope with the complexities of life
3. sense_key=life%1:26:02:: | definition=the course of existence of an individual; the actions and events that occur in living | examples=he hoped for a new life in Australia; he wanted to live his own life without interference from others
4. sense_key=life%1:26:00:: | definition=the condition of living or the state of being alive | synonyms=animation, living, aliveness | examples=while there's life there's hope; life depends on many chemical and physical processes
5. sense_key=life%1:28:00:: | definition=the period during which something is functional (as between birth and death) | synonyms=lifetime, lifespan | examples=the battery had a short life; he lived a long and happy life
6. sense_key=life%1:28:01:: | definition=the period between birth and the present time | examples=I have known him all his life
7. sense_key=life%1:28:02:: | definition=the period from the present until death | examples=he appointed himself emperor for life
8. sense_key=life%1:18:00:: | definition=a living person | examples=his heroism saved a life
9. sense_key=life%1:07:01:: | definition=animation and energy in action or expression | synonyms=liveliness, spirit, sprightliness | examples=it was a heavy play and the actors tried in vain to give life to it
10. sense_key=life%1:03:00:: | definition=living things collectively | examples=the oceans are teeming with life
11. sense_key=life%1:19:00:: | definition=the organic phenomenon that distinguishes living organisms from nonliving ones | examples=there is no life on the moon
12. sense_key=life%1:10:00:: | definition=an account of the series of events making up a person's life | synonyms=biography, life story, life history
13. sense_key=life%1:16:00:: | definition=a motive for living | examples=pottery was his life
14. sense_key=life%1:28:03:: | definition=a prison term lasting as long as the prisoner lives | synonyms=life sentence | examples=he got life for killing the guard

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: life
    *   Context: "We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority in church <t>life</t> and experience."
    *   The speaker is John C. Baldwin, president of the Central Council of Church Bell Ringers. He is discussing the role/status of bell ringers within the context of the church.
    *   The phrase is "church life". He is talking about the collective activities, social environment, and functioning of the church community.
    *   He contrasts it with "experience", suggesting "life" here refers to the ongoing activities and existence of the church body.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   *sense 1: life%1:26:01:: | definition=a characteristic state or mode of living | examples=social life; city life*
        *   This fits well. "Church life" is analogous to "social life" or "city life". It refers to the organized activities and community aspect of the church. The example "social life" is very close to the collocation "church life".

    *   *sense 2: life%1:09:00:: | definition=the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities | synonyms=living | examples=he could no longer cope with the complexities of life*
        *   This is a very general sense. While "church life" is part of the "course of human events", sense 1 is more specific to a "mode of living" or a specific sphere of existence (like "social life"). Sense 2 usually refers to "Life" with a capital L (the general concept), whereas the context here is specific to the church environment.

    *   *sense 3: life%1:26:02:: | definition=the course of existence of an individual...*
        *   This refers to an individual's life history or biography. The context is about a group/organization (church), not an individual.

    *   *sense 4: life%1:26:00:: | definition=the condition of living or the state of being alive...*
        *   This refers to biological life or vitality. Not appropriate here.

    *   *sense 5: life%1:28:00:: | definition=the period during which something is functional...*
        *   Refers to a timespan (lifespan). Not appropriate here.

    *   *sense 6: life%1:28:01:: | definition=the period between birth and the present time...*
        *   Refers to a timespan. Not appropriate.

    *   *sense 7: life%1:28:02:: | definition=the period from the present until death...*
        *   Refers to a timespan. Not appropriate.

    *   *sense 8: life%1:18:00:: | definition=a living person...*
        *   Not appropriate.

    *   *sense 9: life%1:07:01:: | definition=animation and energy...*
        *   Not appropriate.

    *   *sense 10: life%1:03:00:: | definition=living things collectively...*
        *   Not appropriate (biological context usually).

    *   *sense 11: life%1:19:00:: | definition=the organic phenomenon...*
        *   Not appropriate (biological).

    *   *sense 12: life%1:10:00:: | definition=an account of the series of events... (biography)*
        *   Not appropriate.

    *   *sense 13: life%1:16:00:: | definition=a motive for living...*
        *   Not appropriate.

    *   *sense 14: life%1:28:03:: | definition=a prison term...*
        *   Not appropriate.

3.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 2 (the strongest contenders):**
    *   Sense 1: "a characteristic state or mode of living". Examples: "social life", "city life".
    *   Sense 2: "the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities". Examples: "complexities of life".
    *   In the phrase "church life", the word "life" denotes the sphere of activity, the community, and the set of practices associated with the church. This is a "mode of living" or a specific domain of existence.
    *   The example "social life" in Sense 1 is structurally and semantically identical to "church life". "City life" is also similar.
    *   Sense 2 is broader, referring to the human condition in general ("complexities of life").
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit. It captures the specific domain (church) as a "mode of living".

4.  **Final selection:** Sense 1.
    *   Definition: a characteristic state or mode of living.
    *   Context match: "priority in church life" -> priority within the mode of living associated with the church.

    Result: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: experience
Target surface form: experience
Context:
Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself. "The sound of bells is a net to draw people into the church, "he says. "I live in hopes that the ringers themselves will be drawn into that fuller life. "The Central Council of Church Bell Ringers, a sort of parliament of ringing groups, aims to improve relations with vicars, says John C. Baldwin, president. It hopes to speak to students at theological colleges about the joys of bell ringing and will shortly publish a booklet for every vicar in the country entitled, "The Bells in Your Care. "Says Mr. Baldwin, "We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority in church life and <t>experience</t>. "Mr. Baldwin is also attacking the greater problem: lack of ringers.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=experience%1:09:01:: | definition=the accumulation of knowledge or skill that results from direct participation in events or activities | examples=a man of experience; experience is the best teacher
2. sense_key=experience%1:09:00:: | definition=the content of direct observation or participation in an event | examples=he had a religious experience; he recalled the experience vividly
3. sense_key=experience%1:11:00:: | definition=an event as apprehended | examples=a surprising experience; that painful experience certainly got our attention

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and determine which sense of "experience" is being used.

The context is:
"We recognize that we may no longer have as high a priority in church life and experience."

In this sentence, "experience" is being used in relation to church life. Mr. Baldwin is saying that bell ringers may no longer have as high a priority in church life and experience.

Let me analyze each sense:

1. "the accumulation of knowledge or skill that results from direct participation in events or activities" - This refers to gained knowledge or skill through participation.
   Examples: "a man of experience", "experience is the best teacher"

2. "the content of direct observation or participation in an event" - This refers to the actual events or observations one has been part of.
   Examples: "he had a religious experience", "he recalled the experience vividly"

3. "an event as apprehended" - This refers to a specific event that someone goes through or perceives.
   Examples: "a surprising experience", "that painful experience certainly got our attention"

In the context, Mr. Baldwin is discussing how bell ringers may no longer have as high a priority in "church life and experience." Here, "experience" seems to be paired with "life" - referring to the ongoing activities, events, and participation in church matters.

It seems to be referring to the accumulation of participation in church activities, events, and the overall church experience that bell ringers have been part of. This aligns most closely with sense 2: "the content of direct observation or participation in an event" - where "experience" refers to the actual activities and events that bell ringers participate in as part of church life.

Sense 1 seems to focus more on the knowledge or skill gained from experience, rather than the experience itself.

Sense 3 refers to specific individual events that are experienced, which doesn't seem to fit the more general "church life and experience" phrasing.

So I believe sense 2 is the most appropriate in this context. The phrase "church life and experience" refers to the participation in church activities and events that bell ringers have traditionally been part of, and Mr. Baldwin is acknowledging that this participation may no longer be as valued or prioritized in the church.

{"sense_index": 2}