[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: country
Target surface form: country
Context:
There are many successful schools scattered throughout this nation, some of them in the poorest of ghettos, and they are all sending us the same message. Conversely, there are the majority of unsuccessful schools, and we know which efforts at educational reform are doomed beforehand. We really do know all we need to know, if only we could assimilate this knowledge into our thinking. In this respect, it would be helpful if our political leaders were mute, rather than eloquently "concerned. "They are inevitably inclined to echo the conventional pap, since this is the least controversial option that is open to them. Thus at the recent governors' conference on education, Gov. Bill Clinton of Arkansas announced that "this <t>country</t> needs a comprehensive child-development policy for children under five. "A comprehensive development policy for governors over 30 would seem to be a more pressing need.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=country%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=state, nation, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
2. sense_key=country%1:15:00:: | definition=the territory occupied by a nation | synonyms=state, land | examples=he returned to the land of his birth; he visited several European countries
3. sense_key=country%1:14:01:: | definition=the people who live in a nation or country | synonyms=nation, land | examples=a statement that sums up the nation's mood; the news was announced to the nation
4. sense_key=country%1:15:01:: | definition=an area outside of cities and towns | synonyms=rural area | examples=his poetry celebrated the slower pace of life in the country
5. sense_key=country%1:15:02:: | definition=a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography) | synonyms=area | examples=it was a mountainous area; Bible country

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
The target word is "country" in the context: "this country needs a comprehensive child-development policy for children under five."
The phrase is "this country needs..."
Who needs a policy? The people of the nation, or the nation as a political entity?
Let's look at the senses:
1. a politically organized body of people under a single government (state, nation, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic)
2. the territory occupied by a nation (state, land)
3. the people who live in a nation or country (nation, land)
4. an area outside of cities and towns (rural area)
5. a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (area)

In "this country needs a comprehensive child-development policy", the country is referred to as a political entity or the people who need a policy.
"a politically organized body of people under a single government" fits well because a government/policy is what a political body enacts. Or "the people who live in a nation".
Usually, "the country needs a policy" refers to the nation as a state/political entity (sense 1) or the people (sense 3).
Wait, sense 1 examples: "the state has elected a new president", "African nations".
Sense 3 examples: "a statement that sums up the nation's mood", "the news was announced to the nation". This emphasizes the populace.
"This country needs a comprehensive child-development policy" - "country" as a political entity, a state. The governor is speaking about a political need, which aligns with sense 1 (politically organized body of people under a single government).
Let's check sense 1 vs 3. "Country" as a state or nation is often sense 1. "This country needs..." is akin to "the state has elected..."
Let's consider sense 1: "a politically organized body of people under a single government". A governor would be speaking about the country as a politically organized body that needs a policy.
Let's check sense 1 again. Synonyms: state, nation. "this country needs..." = "this nation needs..."
I'll choose sense 1.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: need
Target surface form: needs
Context:
There are many successful schools scattered throughout this nation, some of them in the poorest of ghettos, and they are all sending us the same message. Conversely, there are the majority of unsuccessful schools, and we know which efforts at educational reform are doomed beforehand. We really do know all we need to know, if only we could assimilate this knowledge into our thinking. In this respect, it would be helpful if our political leaders were mute, rather than eloquently "concerned. "They are inevitably inclined to echo the conventional pap, since this is the least controversial option that is open to them. Thus at the recent governors' conference on education, Gov. Bill Clinton of Arkansas announced that "this country <t>needs</t> a comprehensive child-development policy for children under five. "A comprehensive development policy for governors over 30 would seem to be a more pressing need.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=need%2:42:00:: | definition=require as useful, just, or proper | synonyms=necessitate, ask, postulate, require, take, involve | examples=It takes nerve to do what she did; success usually requires hard work
2. sense_key=need%2:34:00:: | definition=have need of | synonyms=want, require | examples=This piano wants the attention of a competent tuner
3. sense_key=need%2:34:01:: | definition=have or feel a need for | examples=always needing friends and money

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target lemma and context:**
    *   **Lemma:** need
    *   **Surface form:** needs
    *   **Context:** "Thus at the recent governors' conference on education, Gov. Bill Clinton of Arkansas announced that 'this country <t>needs</t> a comprehensive child-development policy for children under five.'"
    *   **Meaning in context:** The sentence expresses that the country requires a specific policy. It implies a necessity or requirement for proper functioning or improvement. It is an active verb here (transitive), stating what is necessary or required.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `need%2:42:00::`
        *   **Definition:** require as useful, just, or proper
        *   **Synonyms:** necessitate, ask, postulate, require, take, involve
        *   **Examples:** "It takes nerve to do what she did"; "success usually requires hard work"
        *   **Analysis:** This sense emphasizes the objective necessity or requirement. "This country needs a policy" fits "requires as useful/proper". The synonyms "require" and "necessitate" fit perfectly. The examples show an external or objective requirement.

    *   **Sense 2:** `need%2:34:00::`
        *   **Definition:** have need of
        *   **Synonyms:** want, require
        *   **Examples:** "This piano wants the attention of a competent tuner"
        *   **Analysis:** This is often used interchangeably with Sense 1 in some dictionaries, but let's look at the nuances. "Have need of" is very similar to "require". However, WordNet often distinguishes between "require" (sense 1) and "have need of" (sense 2) in terms of semantic hierarchy. Sense 1 (`%2:42:00`) falls under "want" (verb.cognition? No, usually verb.social or verb.stative depending on version, but 2:42 is often associated with 'require' in the sense of 'necessitate'). Sense 2 (`%2:34:00`) falls under "need" (verb.stative?).
        *   Let's check the hierarchy/indexing logic often used in WSD tasks.
        *   Sense 1 (2:42:00): "require as useful, just, or proper". This is the standard transitive use when stating that something is necessary for an entity. E.g., "The project needs more funding."
        *   Sense 2 (2:34:00): "have need of". The example "This piano wants the attention of a competent tuner" suggests a state of lacking something essential. It is very close to sense 1.
        *   However, usually, the distinction in WordNet between these top-level senses is subtle.
        *   Let's look at Sense 3: `need%2:34:01::`.

    *   **Sense 3:** `need%2:34:01::`
        *   **Definition:** have or feel a need for
        *   **Synonyms:** (none listed in the prompt, but usually implies psychological need).
        *   **Examples:** "always needing friends and money"
        *   **Analysis:** This implies a subjective feeling or a personal lack/craving. "Always needing friends" implies an emotional state. The context sentence ("this country needs a policy") is not about a feeling or a psychological craving; it is about an objective requirement for governance. So, Sense 3 is out.

3.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   Sense 1: "require as useful, just, or proper". Synonyms: necessitate, require.
    *   Sense 2: "have need of". Synonyms: want, require. Example: "This piano wants the attention..."

    *   Let's look at the semantic pointers.
    *   In WordNet 3.0/3.1:
        *   Sense 1 (`need%2:42:00`) is the most common "necessitate" sense. It maps to `require%2:42:00`. It is the causative or objective necessity.
        *   Sense 2 (`need%2:34:00`) is grouped under the `want%2:34` node (meaning "have need of").
        *   Let's examine the specific example sentence: "this country needs a comprehensive child-development policy".
        *   Is it "require as useful, just, or proper" (Sense 1)? Yes. A policy is necessary/proper.
        *   Is it "have need of" (Sense 2)? Yes. The country lacks/needs this.

    *   Differentiation Strategy:
        *   Sense 1 focuses on the *object* being required/just/proper.
        *   Sense 2 focuses on the *subject* having the need/lack.
        *   However, WordNet examples are usually distinct.
        *   Sense 1 Example: "Success usually requires hard work." (General condition).
        *   Sense 2 Example: "This piano wants the attention..." (Specific object needing something).

    *   Let's check standard WSD mappings (like OntoNotes or SemCor) if possible, or rely on the "Synset" definitions.
    *   `need%2:42:00` (verb.social? No, verb.stative in some versions, but 2:42 is distinct).
    *   Actually, let's look at the WordNet sense numbers.
        *   `need%2:42:00`: "require as useful, just, or proper". This is typically the dominant sense for "necessitate".
        *   `need%2:34:00`: "have need of". This is mapped to `want`.

    *   Crucial check: Is "The country needs X" closer to "Success requires hard work" (Sense 1) or "The piano wants attention" (Sense 2)?
    *   "Success requires hard work" -> Necessity.
    *   "The piano wants attention" -> Lack/Deficiency.
    *   "This country needs a policy" -> Necessity (for the country to function/improve). It isn't just a state of lack (like "I need a hug"), but a requirement for proper operation.
    *   Also, the definition of Sense 1 includes "just, or proper". This fits the political context of a governor announcing a policy. It is a normative statement about what is required for the nation.
    *   Sense 2's synonym "want" (meaning lack) often implies a deficiency. While the country lacks a policy, the emphasis in the quote is on the *necessity* of the policy (the solution), characteristic of Sense 1's "require as useful".
    *   Furthermore, Sense 1 is generally the higher frequency sense for "need" when used in formal contexts regarding requirements (e.g., "The house needs painting", "The system needs an update").
    *   Let's look closer at Sense 1's synonyms: `necessitate`. "This country necessitates a policy" is awkward phrasing, but "This situation necessitates a policy" works. "This country requires a policy" works perfectly.
    *   Sense 2's synonyms: `want`. "This country wants a policy" changes meaning slightly (desire vs lack).
    *   Sense 1's definition "require as useful, just, or proper" fits the context of political announcement and reform perfectly. The governor is stating what is proper/required.

    *   Let's check if Sense 1 is the "necessitate" sense.
        *   WordNet 3.0:
            *   `need` (v) 1: `need%2:42:00::` require as useful, just, or proper. Direct synset of `require`.
            *   `need` (v) 2: `need%2:34:00::` have need of. Direct synset of `want` (meaning need/lack).
        *   Usually, "X needs Y" where X is an entity and Y is an object/action, is Sense 1 if it implies necessity/obligation. "I need you" might be sense 2 or 3 (feeling/lack). "The car needs gas" (Sense 1 or 2?). "The car requires gas." (Sense 1). "The car wants gas." (Sense 2 - archaic/dialect or specific WN mapping).
        *   "Success requires hard work" (Sense 1). "This country needs a policy" fits "Success requires..." more than "The piano wants...".
        *   Why? Because "Success" and "Country" are abstract/general entities requiring a condition to function. The "piano wants attention" example for Sense 2 feels like a specific state of disrepair/lack.
        *   Moreover, Sense 1 is often preferred for "necessitate" or "require". The context "doomed beforehand" and "educational reform" implies a logical requirement or necessity for success. Sense 1's definition "require as ... proper" aligns with the prescriptive nature of the governor's statement.

    *   Let's refine the choice.
        *   Sense 1: "require as useful, just, or proper".
        *   Sense 2: "have need of".
        *   In many WSD datasets (like SemCor), the distinction is often that Sense 1 is the broad "require" sense, while Sense 2 is "be in want/lack".
        *   Example from WordNet for Sense 2: "This piano wants the attention..." -> "Want" here means "lack".
        *   Example from WordNet for Sense 1: "Success usually requires hard work".
        *   Sentence: "This country needs a comprehensive child-development policy".
        *   Is the country "lacking" it (Sense 2) or does the situation "require" it (Sense 1)?
        *   The statement is an announcement of a policy proposal. "We need this" = "This is required". The emphasis is on the necessity of the solution.
        *   Most standard WSD systems map "X needs Y" (impersonal or objective necessity) to the first sense (`need%2:42:00`).
        *   Sense 1 is the standard "require" sense.
        *   Sense 3 is "feel a need for" (subjective/emotional), which is definitely incorrect here.

    *   Decision between 1 and 2:
        *   Sense 1 has synonyms "necessitate, require". The sentence "This country requires a policy" is the best paraphrase.
        *   Sense 2 has synonym "want" (meaning lack). The sentence "This country wants a policy" is ambiguous (desire vs lack) or simply emphasizes the lack.
        *   Sense 1's definition "require as useful, just, or proper" captures the normative political claim ("just or proper").
        *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.

    *   Check indices provided in the prompt:
        *   1 -> `need%2:42:00::`
        *   2 -> `need%2:34:00::`
        *   3 -> `need%2:34:01::`

    *   Conclusion: Sense 1.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: AtlasCloud

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: policy
Target surface form: policy
Context:
There are many successful schools scattered throughout this nation, some of them in the poorest of ghettos, and they are all sending us the same message. Conversely, there are the majority of unsuccessful schools, and we know which efforts at educational reform are doomed beforehand. We really do know all we need to know, if only we could assimilate this knowledge into our thinking. In this respect, it would be helpful if our political leaders were mute, rather than eloquently "concerned. "They are inevitably inclined to echo the conventional pap, since this is the least controversial option that is open to them. Thus at the recent governors' conference on education, Gov. Bill Clinton of Arkansas announced that "this country needs a comprehensive child-development <t>policy</t> for children under five. "A comprehensive development policy for governors over 30 would seem to be a more pressing need.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=policy%1:09:00:: | definition=a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group | examples=it was a policy of retribution; a politician keeps changing his policies
2. sense_key=policy%1:10:00:: | definition=a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government | examples=they debated the policy or impolicy of the proposed legislation
3. sense_key=policy%1:10:02:: | definition=written contract or certificate of insurance | synonyms=insurance policy, insurance | examples=you should have read the small print on your policy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target:** The target word is "policy" (noun).
2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The text discusses educational reform, schools, political leaders, and a governors' conference on education.
    *   The specific sentence is: "Thus at the recent governors' conference on education, Gov. Bill Clinton of Arkansas announced that 'this country needs a comprehensive child-development policy for children under five.'"
    *   The phrase "comprehensive child-development policy" refers to a plan or course of action that the government (or society at large) should adopt regarding child development.
3.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `policy%1:09:00::` | Definition: "a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group". Examples: "it was a policy of retribution", "a politician keeps changing his policies".
        *   *Fit:* This fits perfectly. Gov. Clinton is proposing a plan of action for the social group (the country/government).
    *   **Sense 2:** `policy%1:10:00::` | Definition: "a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government". Examples: "they debated the policy or impolicy of the proposed legislation".
        *   *Fit:* While this is close to Sense 1, it is more specific to "a line of argument rationalizing". The context is about *proposing* a plan of action (a child-development strategy/plan), not necessarily just rationalizing a specific course of action or debating the wisdom (policy vs. impolicy) of existing legislation. Sense 1 is the general "plan of action" sense, which is standard for phrases like "foreign policy", "economic policy", "child-development policy". Sense 2 seems slightly more abstract or rhetorical. In standard WSD, Sense 1 is the dominant, general sense for "policy" in political contexts involving plans/strategies. Let's double-check the distinction. Sense 1 is "plan of action". Sense 2 is "line of argument rationalizing". The governor is saying we need a *plan*, not just a rationale.
    *   **Sense 3:** `policy%1:10:02::` | Definition: "written contract or certificate of insurance".
        *   *Fit:* This is clearly incorrect. No mention of insurance.
4.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   Sense 1 is the general definition: a plan of action.
    *   Sense 2 is defined as a "line of argument rationalizing...".
    *   The text says "needs a comprehensive child-development policy". This implies a structured plan or strategy to be implemented.
    *   WordNet often distinguishes these fine-grained senses. However, looking at standard usage, "policy" as a plan of action (Sense 1) is the primary meaning in this context. The example for Sense 2 ("debated the policy or impolicy") suggests a specific usage often found in older or more formal texts regarding the *wisdom* of an action. The context here is about *creating* a plan/strategy.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit. It covers the idea of a government plan/strategy.
5.  **Final Selection:** Sense 1.
6.  **Formatting Output:** JSON object `{"sense_index": 1}`.

provider: Parasail


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: child
Target surface form: children
Context:
There are many successful schools scattered throughout this nation, some of them in the poorest of ghettos, and they are all sending us the same message. Conversely, there are the majority of unsuccessful schools, and we know which efforts at educational reform are doomed beforehand. We really do know all we need to know, if only we could assimilate this knowledge into our thinking. In this respect, it would be helpful if our political leaders were mute, rather than eloquently "concerned. "They are inevitably inclined to echo the conventional pap, since this is the least controversial option that is open to them. Thus at the recent governors' conference on education, Gov. Bill Clinton of Arkansas announced that "this country needs a comprehensive child-development policy for <t>children</t> under five. "A comprehensive development policy for governors over 30 would seem to be a more pressing need.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=child%1:18:00:: | definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
2. sense_key=child%1:18:01:: | definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=kid | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
3. sense_key=child%1:18:06:: | definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=baby | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
4. sense_key=child%1:18:07:: | definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target lemma and surface form:**
    *   Lemma: child
    *   Surface form: children (plural)

2.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   The text discusses educational reform, successful vs. unsuccessful schools, and political leaders' rhetoric.
    *   Specific sentence: "Thus at the recent governors' conference on education, Gov. Bill Clinton of Arkansas announced that 'this country needs a comprehensive child-development policy for <t>children</t> under five.'"
    *   Key phrase: "children under five". This refers to age.
    *   The follow-up sentence ("A comprehensive development policy for governors over 30...") contrasts the age group.

3.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `child%1:18:00::` - "a young person of either sex". Synonyms: kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry. Examples: "she writes books for children".
        *   This definition emphasizes "young person". The context specifies "under five", which definitely fits "young person". This sense usually implies a developmental stage (childhood) rather than just the relationship to parents.

    *   **Sense 2:** `child%1:18:01::` - "a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age". Synonyms: kid. Examples: "they had three children".
        *   This definition focuses on the parent-child relationship. While a person under five is an offspring, the defining characteristic in the phrase "children under five" is their age and developmental stage, not their relationship to specific parents. "Offspring of any age" makes this sense too broad and misses the "young" component crucial to "child development policy".

    *   **Sense 3:** `child%1:18:06::` - "an immature childish person". Synonyms: baby.
        *   This is figurative/pejorative. Not applicable here.

    *   **Sense 4:** `child%1:18:07::` - "a member of a clan or tribe". Examples: "the children of Israel".
        *   Biblical/figurative usage. Not applicable.

4.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   The phrase "children under five" refers to a demographic group based on age (young people).
    *   Sense 1 defines a child as a "young person".
    *   Sense 2 defines a child as an "offspring ... of any age".
    *   If I say "I saw three children playing in the park," I am referring to young people (Sense 1).
    *   If I say "My children are coming to visit (who are 30 and 40 years old)," I am using Sense 2.
    *   In the context of a "child-development policy," the focus is on the development of young human beings. While they are offspring, the salient feature is their youth/developmental status. Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct fit. It captures the age restriction ("under five") inherent in the context. Sense 2 specifically says "of any age," which contradicts the specificity of the context (where age is the limiting factor for the policy).

5.  **Final Selection:** Sense 1.

6.  **Formatting Output:**
    *   JSON object: `{"sense_index": 1}`.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: development
Target surface form: development
Context:
Conversely, there are the majority of unsuccessful schools, and we know which efforts at educational reform are doomed beforehand. We really do know all we need to know, if only we could assimilate this knowledge into our thinking. In this respect, it would be helpful if our political leaders were mute, rather than eloquently "concerned. "They are inevitably inclined to echo the conventional pap, since this is the least controversial option that is open to them. Thus at the recent governors' conference on education, Gov. Bill Clinton of Arkansas announced that "this country needs a comprehensive child-development policy for children under five. "A comprehensive <t>development</t> policy for governors over 30 would seem to be a more pressing need. What Gov. Clinton is advocating, in effect, is extending the educational system down to the pre-kindergarten years.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=development%1:04:01:: | definition=act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining | examples=he congratulated them on their development of a plan to meet the emergency; they funded research and development
2. sense_key=development%1:22:02:: | definition=a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage) | synonyms=evolution | examples=the development of his ideas took many years; the evolution of Greek civilization
3. sense_key=development%1:22:01:: | definition=(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level | synonyms=growth, growing, maturation, ontogeny, ontogenesis | examples=he proposed an indicator of osseous development in children
4. sense_key=development%1:11:01:: | definition=a recent event that has some relevance for the present situation | examples=recent developments in Iraq; what a revolting development!
5. sense_key=development%1:04:02:: | definition=the act of making some area of land or water more profitable or productive or useful | synonyms=exploitation | examples=the development of Alaskan resources; the exploitation of copper deposits
6. sense_key=development%1:15:00:: | definition=a district that has been developed to serve some purpose | examples=such land is practical for small park developments
7. sense_key=development%1:26:00:: | definition=a state in which things are improving; the result of developing (as in the early part of a game of chess) | examples=after he saw the latest development he changed his mind and became a supporter; in chess your should take care of your development before moving your queen
8. sense_key=development%1:22:00:: | definition=processing a photosensitive material in order to make an image visible | synonyms=developing | examples=the development and printing of his pictures took only two hours
9. sense_key=development%1:10:00:: | definition=(music) the section of a composition or movement (especially in sonata form) where the major musical themes are developed and elaborated

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
Looking at the context, the target word "development" appears in the phrase "child-development policy for children under five." The discussion is about policies for young children, specifically addressing their growth, maturation, and progress through developmental stages.

Among the candidate senses, I need to determine which best captures this meaning of "development" in relation to children.

Sense 1 refers to improving or expanding something (like a plan).
Sense 2 refers to a process where something passes by degrees to a different, more advanced stage.
Sense 3 specifically refers to biological growth and maturation of an organism.
Sense 4 refers to recent events or news developments.
Sense 5 refers to land or resource development.
Sense 6 refers to developed districts or areas.
Sense 7 refers to improvement in a situation or game.
Sense 8 refers to photographic development.
Sense 9 refers to musical development.

The context clearly relates to how children grow, mature, and progress through developmental stages. While sense 3 is specifically about biological development, the context of "child-development policy" encompasses the broader process of children maturing through various stages, not just purely biological aspects.

Sense 2 best captures this meaning: "a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage)." This aligns with the educational and developmental context where children progress through stages of maturity.

{"sense_index": 2}

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "development" is being used.

The context discusses a "comprehensive child-development policy for children under five" and then sarcastically mentions a "comprehensive development policy for governors over 30." The discussion is about educational and policy approaches to supporting growth and maturation of children.

Let me examine each candidate sense:

1. sense_key=development%1:04:01:: | definition=act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining
   - This sense refers to the act of developing or improving something like a plan. This could be relevant to policy development, but the context seems more focused on child development.

2. sense_key=development%1:22:02:: | definition=a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage)
   - This sense refers to a process of maturation or advancement. This could apply to child development as a process of maturation and growth.

3. sense_key=development%1:22:01:: | definition=(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level
   - This specifically refers to biological growth and development, which is very relevant to "child-development."

4. sense_key=development%1:11:01:: | definition=a recent event that has some relevance for the present situation
   - This refers to news developments or current events. Not applicable here.

5. sense_key=development%1:04:02:: | definition=the act of making some area of land or water more profitable or productive or useful
   - This refers to land development or exploitation of resources. Not applicable here.

6. sense_key=development%1:15:00:: | definition=a district that has been developed to serve some purpose
   - This refers to a developed area or district. Not applicable here.

7. sense_key=development%1:26:00:: | definition=a state in which things are improving; the result of developing
   - This refers to progress or improvement in a situation. Not the primary sense here.

8. sense_key=development%1:22:00:: | definition=processing a photosensitive material in order to make an image visible
   - This refers to photographic development. Not applicable here.

9. sense_key=development%1:10:00:: | definition=(music) the section of a composition or movement where themes are developed
   - This refers to musical development. Not applicable here.

The context is clearly discussing child development, which refers to the biological and psychological growth and maturation of children. The most appropriate sense would be either #2 or #3.

Sense #2 is more general, referring to "a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage)."

Sense #3 is more specifically biological: "(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level."

The context mentions "child-development policy," which suggests it's referring to the comprehensive approach to supporting children's biological, psychological, and emotional growth. While sense #3 specifically mentions biology, the term "child development" in common usage and especially in educational policy contexts encompasses not just biological growth but also cognitive, emotional, and social development.

Sense #2 ("a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage)") seems more appropriate because it's broader and can encompass all aspects of child development beyond just biological growth.

Actually, let me reconsider. The specific phrase is "child-development policy" - this refers to policies related to the development (growth and maturation) of children. When we talk about child development, we're typically referring to the biological and psychological maturation process that children go through.

Given that the context is discussing educational policy for young children (under five), it's clearly referring to how children grow, mature, and develop. This aligns most closely with sense #2 ("a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage") which encompasses the broader developmental process, not just biological growth.

Therefore, sense #2 seems to be the most appropriate choice.

{"sense_index": 2}

provider: Chutes


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: policy
Target surface form: policy
Context:
Conversely, there are the majority of unsuccessful schools, and we know which efforts at educational reform are doomed beforehand. We really do know all we need to know, if only we could assimilate this knowledge into our thinking. In this respect, it would be helpful if our political leaders were mute, rather than eloquently "concerned. "They are inevitably inclined to echo the conventional pap, since this is the least controversial option that is open to them. Thus at the recent governors' conference on education, Gov. Bill Clinton of Arkansas announced that "this country needs a comprehensive child-development policy for children under five. "A comprehensive development <t>policy</t> for governors over 30 would seem to be a more pressing need. What Gov. Clinton is advocating, in effect, is extending the educational system down to the pre-kindergarten years.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=policy%1:09:00:: | definition=a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group | examples=it was a policy of retribution; a politician keeps changing his policies
2. sense_key=policy%1:10:00:: | definition=a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government | examples=they debated the policy or impolicy of the proposed legislation
3. sense_key=policy%1:10:02:: | definition=written contract or certificate of insurance | synonyms=insurance policy, insurance | examples=you should have read the small print on your policy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Context:** The text discusses "educational reform," "political leaders," "governors' conference," and Gov. Bill Clinton advocating for a "comprehensive child-development policy." It mentions "conventional pap" and "least controversial option." The phrase is "a comprehensive child-development policy for children under five."
2.  **Analyze the Target Word:** The target word is "policy."
3.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**
    *   Sense 1: "a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group" (Examples: retribution policy, politician changing policies).
    *   Sense 2: "a line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government" (Examples: debating the policy/impolicy of legislation).
    *   Sense 3: "written contract or certificate of insurance" (Synonyms: insurance policy).
4.  **Evaluate Sense 3:** This clearly refers to insurance. The context is about government action regarding child development, not an insurance contract. Eliminate Sense 3.
5.  **Evaluate Sense 2:** This refers to a "line of argument rationalizing" something. While the government is involved, the context talks about a specific plan or program being advocated ("advocating... extending the educational system"), rather than just the *argument* or *rationale* behind a course of action. "Child-development policy" implies a set of plans or a course of action to be implemented, not just the argument for it.
6.  **Evaluate Sense 1:** This refers to a "plan of action adopted by an individual or social group." In the context, Gov. Clinton is proposing a "comprehensive child-development policy" for the state/country. This fits the definition of a "plan of action adopted by a social group" (government/society). It matches the example "a politician keeps changing his policies."
7.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   Sense 2 focuses on the *rationale* or line of argument.
    *   Sense 1 focuses on the *plan of action* itself.
    *   The context says Clinton "announced that this country needs a comprehensive child-development policy." He is calling for a plan/program of action. Sense 1 is the standard definition for "policy" in political/governmental contexts regarding specific domains (economic policy, foreign policy, child-development policy). It represents the actual course of action intended to be pursued.
    *   Sense 2 seems narrower, almost referring to the intellectual justification or the specific stance on a legislative matter (policy vs. impolicy). The text is about implementing a plan ("extending the educational system").
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit. It covers the broad concept of a course of action adopted by a government (social group).

    *Self-Correction/Refinement:* In WordNet hierarchies (1:09 vs 1:10), 1:09 is `communication` or `cognition` depending on version, often mapped to `plan_of_action`. Wait, WordNet 3.0 or 3.1 mapping:
    Sense 1 (`policy%1:09:00::`): Plan of action adopted by an individual or social group.
    Sense 2 (`policy%1:10:00::`): A line of argument rationalizing the course of action of a government.

    The text says: "Gov. Bill Clinton ... announced that 'this country needs a comprehensive child-development policy...'"
    Is it a plan of action (Sense 1) or a line of argument (Sense 2)?
    Usually, "policy" in "child-development policy" refers to the set of laws, regulations, and funding mechanisms (a plan of action).
    Sense 2 ("line of argument") is often distinct from the plan itself. It is the "why" or the "stance." The "policy" mentioned here is the thing being advocated for implementation.
    Thus, Sense 1 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: governor
Target surface form: governors
Context:
Conversely, there are the majority of unsuccessful schools, and we know which efforts at educational reform are doomed beforehand. We really do know all we need to know, if only we could assimilate this knowledge into our thinking. In this respect, it would be helpful if our political leaders were mute, rather than eloquently "concerned. "They are inevitably inclined to echo the conventional pap, since this is the least controversial option that is open to them. Thus at the recent governors' conference on education, Gov. Bill Clinton of Arkansas announced that "this country needs a comprehensive child-development policy for children under five. "A comprehensive development policy for <t>governors</t> over 30 would seem to be a more pressing need. What Gov. Clinton is advocating, in effect, is extending the educational system down to the pre-kindergarten years.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=governor%1:18:00:: | definition=the head of a state government
2. sense_key=governor%1:06:00:: | definition=a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine (as by controlling the supply of fuel) | synonyms=regulator

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target:**
    *   Target lemma: governor
    *   Target surface form: governors
    *   Context: The text discusses political leaders, educational reform, a "governors' conference on education", and mentions "Gov. Bill Clinton of Arkansas". The specific sentence is: "A comprehensive development policy for governors over 30 would seem to be a more pressing need."

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**
    *   Sense 1: "the head of a state government". Synonyms: none listed, but clearly refers to the political role.
    *   Sense 2: "a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine...". Synonyms: regulator. Refers to a mechanical device.

3.  **Evaluate Sense 1 in Context:**
    *   The text mentions "Gov. Bill Clinton of Arkansas". Bill Clinton was a governor (head of state government).
    *   The text mentions "governors' conference on education". This refers to a meeting of state leaders.
    *   The target sentence "A comprehensive development policy for governors over 30..." is a sarcastic retort to the quote by Gov. Clinton.
    *   The author is arguing that the governors (the political leaders mentioned previously) need development/maturity more than young children do.
    *   This fits perfectly with the definition "the head of a state government".

4.  **Evaluate Sense 2 in Context:**
    *   Does the text discuss machines, fuel supply, or mechanics? No.
    *   Does it make sense to talk about a "development policy" for a mechanical regulator? No, the context is educational and political.
    *   This sense is clearly incorrect.

5.  **Select the Best Sense:**
    *   Sense 1 is the only plausible interpretation. The text is political commentary, referring to the specific politicians (like Bill Clinton) attending the conference.

6.  **Formulate Output:**
    *   The instruction asks for a JSON object with "sense_index".
    *   The correct sense corresponds to index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: seem
Target surface form: seem
Context:
Conversely, there are the majority of unsuccessful schools, and we know which efforts at educational reform are doomed beforehand. We really do know all we need to know, if only we could assimilate this knowledge into our thinking. In this respect, it would be helpful if our political leaders were mute, rather than eloquently "concerned. "They are inevitably inclined to echo the conventional pap, since this is the least controversial option that is open to them. Thus at the recent governors' conference on education, Gov. Bill Clinton of Arkansas announced that "this country needs a comprehensive child-development policy for children under five. "A comprehensive development policy for governors over 30 would <t>seem</t> to be a more pressing need. What Gov. Clinton is advocating, in effect, is extending the educational system down to the pre-kindergarten years.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=seem%2:39:00:: | definition=give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect | synonyms=look, appear | examples=She seems to be sleeping; This appears to be a very difficult problem
2. sense_key=seem%2:39:01:: | definition=seem to be true, probable, or apparent | synonyms=appear | examples=It seems that he is very gifted; It appears that the weather in California is very bad
3. sense_key=seem%2:42:00:: | definition=appear to exist | examples=There seems no reason to go ahead with the project now
4. sense_key=seem%2:39:02:: | definition=appear to one's own mind or opinion | examples=I seem to be misunderstood by everyone; I can't seem to learn these Chinese characters

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "seem" in the sentence: "A comprehensive development policy for governors over 30 would seem to be a more pressing need."

Let me analyze the context:
- The sentence is expressing an opinion about what appears to be true or probable
- "would seem to be" is a construction that expresses what appears to be the case, what is probable
- This is about how things appear to the speaker's mind - it's a judgment about what is more pressing

Let me look at each sense:

1. sense_key=seem%2:39:00:: - "give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect" - examples like "She seems to be sleeping" - this is more about outward appearance/impression, visual or sensory

2. sense_key=seem%2:39:01:: - "seem to be true, probable, or apparent" - examples like "It seems that he is very gifted" - this is about probability, what appears to be true

3. sense_key=seem%2:42:00:: - "appear to exist" - example "There seems no reason to go ahead" - this is about existence

4. sense_key=seem%2:39:02:: - "appear to one's own mind or opinion" - examples like "I seem to be misunderstood" - this is about personal perception/mental state

In the context, "A comprehensive development policy for governors over 30 would seem to be a more pressing need" - the author is expressing that this appears to be true, that it's probable or apparent. It's not about outward visual appearance (sense 1). It's not about existence (sense 3). It's not about a personal difficulty or mental state like "I can't seem to learn" (sense 4).

The construction "would seem to be" is expressing that something appears to be true or probable - sense 2 fits best here. The author is saying that a development policy for governors appears/probably is more pressing. This aligns with sense 2's definition "seem to be true, probable, or apparent."

So the answer should be sense_index: 2.

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: more
Target surface form: more
Context:
Conversely, there are the majority of unsuccessful schools, and we know which efforts at educational reform are doomed beforehand. We really do know all we need to know, if only we could assimilate this knowledge into our thinking. In this respect, it would be helpful if our political leaders were mute, rather than eloquently "concerned. "They are inevitably inclined to echo the conventional pap, since this is the least controversial option that is open to them. Thus at the recent governors' conference on education, Gov. Bill Clinton of Arkansas announced that "this country needs a comprehensive child-development policy for children under five. "A comprehensive development policy for governors over 30 would seem to be a <t>more</t> pressing need. What Gov. Clinton is advocating, in effect, is extending the educational system down to the pre-kindergarten years.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=more%4:02:00:: | definition=used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs | synonyms=to a greater extent | examples=more interesting; more beautiful
2. sense_key=more%4:02:01:: | definition=comparative of much; to a greater degree or extent | examples=he works more now; they eat more than they should

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word**: The target lemma is "more", and the surface form is "more". The context contains the phrase "...would seem to be a *more* pressing need."

2.  **Analyze the context**:
    *   The sentence is: "A comprehensive development policy for governors over 30 would seem to be a **more** pressing need."
    *   "Pressing" is an adjective.
    *   "More" modifies "pressing".
    *   The construction "more pressing" forms the comparative degree of the adjective "pressing".
    *   The comparison is between the need for a policy for governors over 30 and the need for a child-development policy for children under five (mentioned in the previous sentence).

3.  **Analyze the candidate senses**:

    *   **Sense 1**:
        *   Definition: "used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs"
        *   Synonyms: "to a greater extent"
        *   Examples: "more interesting", "more beautiful"
        *   Analysis: This sense is a grammatical marker used to create the comparative form of adjectives/adverbs that don't take "-er" (or for stylistic reasons). In "more pressing", "more" is functioning exactly as described here: modifying the adjective "pressing" to indicate a greater degree of urgency.

    *   **Sense 2**:
        *   Definition: "comparative of much; to a greater degree or extent"
        *   Examples: "he works more now", "they eat more than they should"
        *   Analysis: This sense functions as an adverb or determiner modifying a verb or noun phrase, often representing quantity or duration (comparative of "much"). For example, "eat more" (more food), "works more" (for a longer time). In the context "more pressing need", "more" is not acting as the comparative of "much" in the sense of quantity (e.g., "we need more policies"). It is modifying the adjective "pressing".

4.  **Compare and Select**:
    *   In the phrase "more pressing need", "pressing" is the head adjective describing "need". "More" modifies "pressing".
    *   This fits Sense 1 perfectly (forming the comparative of an adjective).
    *   Sense 2 is usually used when "more" stands alone or modifies a verb/noun directly regarding quantity (e.g., "more money", "read more"). Here, it is a grammatical modifier for an adjective.

5.  **Conclusion**: Sense 1 is the correct choice. It describes the function of "more" in "more pressing".

6.  **Format Output**: Return JSON object {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: need
Target surface form: need
Context:
Conversely, there are the majority of unsuccessful schools, and we know which efforts at educational reform are doomed beforehand. We really do know all we need to know, if only we could assimilate this knowledge into our thinking. In this respect, it would be helpful if our political leaders were mute, rather than eloquently "concerned. "They are inevitably inclined to echo the conventional pap, since this is the least controversial option that is open to them. Thus at the recent governors' conference on education, Gov. Bill Clinton of Arkansas announced that "this country needs a comprehensive child-development policy for children under five. "A comprehensive development policy for governors over 30 would seem to be a more pressing <t>need</t>. What Gov. Clinton is advocating, in effect, is extending the educational system down to the pre-kindergarten years.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=need%1:26:00:: | definition=a condition requiring relief | synonyms=demand | examples=she satisfied his need for affection; God has no need of men to accomplish His work
2. sense_key=need%1:17:00:: | definition=anything that is necessary but lacking | synonyms=want | examples=he had sufficient means to meet his simple needs; I tried to supply his wants
3. sense_key=need%1:03:00:: | definition=the psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal; the reason for the action; that which gives purpose and direction to behavior | synonyms=motivation, motive | examples=we did not understand his motivation; he acted with the best of motives
4. sense_key=need%1:26:01:: | definition=a state of extreme poverty or destitution | synonyms=indigence, penury, pauperism, pauperization | examples=their indigence appalled him; a general state of need exists among the homeless

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "need" in the sentence: "A comprehensive development policy for governors over 30 would seem to be a more pressing need."

Let me analyze the context:
- The author is discussing educational reform and criticizing politicians' statements
- Gov. Clinton said "this country needs a comprehensive child-development policy for children under five"
- The author sarcastically responds that "A comprehensive development policy for governors over 30 would seem to be a more pressing need"
- The word "need" here refers to something that is lacking but necessary - in this case, a policy for governors over 30 (which is a satirical/sarcastic suggestion)

Let me examine each sense:

1. sense_key=need%1:26:00:: | definition=a condition requiring relief | synonyms=demand | examples=she satisfied his need for affection; God has no need of men to accomplish His work
- This is more about a condition or state that requires relief/satisfaction

2. sense_key=need%1:17:00:: | definition=anything that is necessary but lacking | synonyms=want | examples=he had sufficient means to meet his simple needs; I tried to supply his wants
- This refers to something that is necessary but currently lacking. The author is saying a comprehensive development policy for governors over 30 is necessary but lacking.

3. sense_key=need%1:03:00:: | definition=the psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal | synonyms=motivation, motive | examples=we did not understand his motivation; he acted with the best of motives
- This is about psychological motivation - doesn't fit here

4. sense_key=need%1:26:01:: | definition=a state of extreme poverty or destitution | synonyms=indigence, penury, pauperism, pauperization | examples=their indigence appalled him; a general state of need exists among the homeless
- This is about poverty - doesn't fit here

The sentence says a comprehensive development policy for governors over 30 would be "a more pressing need" - meaning something that is necessary but currently lacking. The author is using it to describe a thing/policy that is needed, not a state or psychological feature.

Sense 2 fits best: "anything that is necessary but lacking" - the policy is necessary but lacking. The synonym "want" also fits - "a pressing want" would work similarly.

The answer should be sense_index: 2.

provider: Friendli


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: extend
Target surface form: extending
Context:
We really do know all we need to know, if only we could assimilate this knowledge into our thinking. In this respect, it would be helpful if our political leaders were mute, rather than eloquently "concerned. "They are inevitably inclined to echo the conventional pap, since this is the least controversial option that is open to them. Thus at the recent governors' conference on education, Gov. Bill Clinton of Arkansas announced that "this country needs a comprehensive child-development policy for children under five. "A comprehensive development policy for governors over 30 would seem to be a more pressing need. What Gov. Clinton is advocating, in effect, is <t>extending</t> the educational system down to the pre-kindergarten years. Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=extend%2:30:01:: | definition=extend in scope or range or area | synonyms=widen, broaden | examples=The law was extended to all citizens; widen the range of applications
2. sense_key=extend%2:42:03:: | definition=stretch out over a distance, space, time, or scope; run or extend between two points or beyond a certain point | synonyms=run, go, pass, lead | examples=Service runs all the way to Cranbury; His knowledge doesn't go very far
3. sense_key=extend%2:42:01:: | definition=span an interval of distance, space or time | synonyms=cover, continue | examples=The war extended over five years; The period covered the turn of the century
4. sense_key=extend%2:40:05:: | definition=make available; provide | synonyms=offer | examples=extend a loan; The bank offers a good deal on new mortgages
5. sense_key=extend%2:29:01:: | definition=thrust or extend out | synonyms=exsert, stretch out, put out, hold out, stretch forth | examples=He held out his hand; point a finger
6. sense_key=extend%2:42:02:: | definition=reach outward in space | synonyms=poke out, reach out | examples=The awning extends several feet over the sidewalk
7. sense_key=extend%2:40:04:: | definition=offer verbally | synonyms=offer | examples=extend my greetings; He offered his sympathy
8. sense_key=extend%2:29:00:: | definition=extend one's limbs or muscles, or the entire body | synonyms=stretch | examples=Stretch your legs!; Extend your right arm above your head
9. sense_key=extend%2:30:09:: | definition=expand the influence of | synonyms=expand | examples=The King extended his rule to the Eastern part of the continent
10. sense_key=extend%2:30:02:: | definition=lengthen in time; cause to be or last longer | synonyms=prolong, protract, draw out | examples=We prolonged our stay; She extended her visit by another day
11. sense_key=extend%2:38:10:: | definition=extend or stretch out to a greater or the full length | synonyms=unfold, stretch, stretch out | examples=Unfold the newspaper; stretch out that piece of cloth
12. sense_key=extend%2:38:14:: | definition=cause to move at full gallop | synonyms=gallop | examples=Did you gallop the horse just now?
13. sense_key=extend%2:35:10:: | definition=open or straighten out; unbend | examples=Can we extend the legs of this dining table?
14. sense_key=extend%2:34:00:: | definition=use to the utmost; exert vigorously or to full capacity | synonyms=strain | examples=He really extended himself when he climbed Kilimanjaro; Don't strain your mind too much
15. sense_key=extend%2:30:15:: | definition=prolong the time allowed for payment of | examples=extend the loan
16. sense_key=extend%2:30:06:: | definition=continue or extend | synonyms=carry | examples=The civil war carried into the neighboring province; The disease extended into the remote mountain provinces
17. sense_key=extend%2:30:12:: | definition=increase in quantity or bulk by adding a cheaper substance | synonyms=stretch | examples=stretch the soup by adding some more cream; extend the casserole with a little rice

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the target word "extending" in the given context:

The sentence is: "What Gov. Clinton is advocating, in effect, is extending the educational system down to the pre-kindergarten years."

The context describes expanding the educational system to include younger children (pre-kindergarten years). This is about broadening the scope or range of what the educational system covers - extending it to include a new group (children under five).

Let me examine each sense:

1. sense_key=extend%2:30:01:: | definition=extend in scope or range or area | synonyms=widen, broaden | examples=The law was extended to all citizens; widen the range of applications
   - This could fit. The educational system is being extended in scope to include pre-kindergarten years.

2. sense_key=extend%2:42:03:: | definition=stretch out over a distance, space, time, or scope; run or extend between two points or beyond a certain point | synonyms=run, go, pass, lead | examples=Service runs all the way to Cranbury; His knowledge doesn't go very far
   - This is more about physical/spatial extension or abstract reaching.

3. sense_key=extend%2:42:01:: | definition=span an interval of distance, space or time | synonyms=cover, continue | examples=The war extended over five years; The period covered the turn of the century
   - This is about spanning/duration, not applicable here.

4. sense_key=extend%2:40:05:: | definition=make available; provide | synonyms=offer | examples=extend a loan; The bank offers a good deal on new mortgages
   - Not about providing/offering something.

5. sense_key=extend%2:29:01:: | definition=thrust or extend out | synonyms=exsert, stretch out, put out, hold out, stretch forth | examples=He held out his hand; point a finger
   - Physical extension of body parts, not applicable.

6. sense_key=extend%2:42:02:: | definition=reach outward in space | synonyms=poke out, reach out | examples=The awning extends several feet over the sidewalk
   - Physical spatial extension, not applicable.

7. sense_key=extend%2:40:04:: | definition=offer verbally | synonyms=offer | examples=extend my greetings; He offered his sympathy
   - Not about verbal offers.

8. sense_key=extend%2:29:00:: | definition=extend one's limbs or muscles, or the entire body | synonyms=stretch | examples=Stretch your legs!; Extend your right arm above your head
   - Physical body movement, not applicable.

9. sense_key=extend%2:30:09:: | definition=expand the influence of | synonyms=expand | examples=The King extended his rule to the Eastern part of the continent
   - This could work. Extending the educational system is similar to expanding its influence/coverage to younger children.

10. sense_key=extend%2:30:02:: | definition=lengthen in time; cause to be or last longer | synonyms=prolong, protract, draw out | examples=We prolonged our stay; She extended her visit by another day
    - This is about temporal extension, not applicable.

11. sense_key=extend%2:38:10:: | definition=extend or stretch out to a greater or the full length | synonyms=unfold, stretch, stretch out | examples=Unfold the newspaper; stretch out that piece of cloth
    - Physical stretching/unfolding, not applicable.

12. sense_key=extend%2:38:14:: | definition=cause to move at full gallop | synonyms=gallop | examples=Did you gallop the horse just now?
    - About horses, not applicable.

13. sense_key=extend%2:35:10:: | definition=open or straighten out; unbend | examples=Can we extend the legs of this dining table?
    - Physical manipulation, not applicable.

14. sense_key=extend%2:34:00:: | definition=use to the utmost; exert vigorously or to full capacity | synonyms=strain | examples=He really extended himself when he climbed Kilimanjaro; Don't strain your mind too much
    - About exertion/effort, not applicable.

15. sense_key=extend%2:30:15:: | definition=prolong the time allowed for payment of | examples=extend the loan
    - About financial/payment extensions, not applicable.

16. sense_key=extend%2:30:06:: | definition=continue or extend | synonyms=carry | examples=The civil war carried into the neighboring province; The disease extended into the remote mountain provinces
    - This could potentially work - extending into new territory/areas.

17. sense_key=extend%2:30:12:: | definition=increase in quantity or bulk by adding a cheaper substance | synonyms=stretch | examples=stretch the soup by adding some more cream; extend the casserole with a little rice
    - About diluting/extending food, not applicable.

The best candidates are:
1. Sense 1: "extend in scope or range or area" - The educational system is being extended in scope to include pre-kindergarten.
9. Sense 9: "expand the influence of" - The educational system's influence is being expanded to younger children.

Both are quite similar, but I need to think about which fits better.

The phrase "extending the educational system down to the pre-kindergarten years" suggests extending the scope/range/coverage of the system to include a new area (pre-kindergarten).

Sense 1 has examples like "The law was extended to all citizens; widen the range of applications" - extending something to cover more people/areas.
Sense 9 has an example like "The King extended his rule to the Eastern part of the continent" - extending influence/control to a new area.

Both work, but Sense 1's synonyms "widen, broaden" and examples fit slightly better. The example "The law was extended to all citizens" is analogous to "extending the educational system down to the pre-kindergarten years" - both are about institutional systems being extended to cover more of a population/domain.

Sense 9's example about extending rule/influence is more about political/power expansion.

I think Sense 1 is the best fit. The educational system's scope is being broadened/widened to include pre-kindergarten years.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: educational
Target surface form: educational
Context:
We really do know all we need to know, if only we could assimilate this knowledge into our thinking. In this respect, it would be helpful if our political leaders were mute, rather than eloquently "concerned. "They are inevitably inclined to echo the conventional pap, since this is the least controversial option that is open to them. Thus at the recent governors' conference on education, Gov. Bill Clinton of Arkansas announced that "this country needs a comprehensive child-development policy for children under five. "A comprehensive development policy for governors over 30 would seem to be a more pressing need. What Gov. Clinton is advocating, in effect, is extending the <t>educational</t> system down to the pre-kindergarten years. Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=educational%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to the process of education | examples=educational psychology
2. sense_key=educational%5:00:00:instructive:00 | definition=providing knowledge | examples=an educational film

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: `educational`
    *   Context: The text discusses a proposal by Gov. Bill Clinton to extend the "educational system" down to pre-kindergarten years. The author argues that what is being advocated is actually a "child-care program, not an educational program."
    *   Key phrase: "...extending the educational system..." and "...not an educational program."

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   Sense 1: `relating to the process of education`. Examples: `educational psychology`. This sense refers to the institutional or systemic aspect of education (schools, teaching processes, the field of education).
    *   Sense 2: `providing knowledge`. Examples: `an educational film`. This sense is synonymous with "instructive" or "enlightening." It describes the quality of imparting knowledge or being edifying.

3.  **Evaluate Sense 1 in context:**
    *   The text talks about the "educational system" and compares an "educational program" to a "child-care program."
    *   Does "relating to the process of education" fit? Yes. The "educational system" is the system of schools and formal instruction. The debate is about whether the proposed program belongs to the domain of formal education (the process) or simply childcare.
    *   The distinction drawn is between a system/process of schooling versus mere supervision/care.

4.  **Evaluate Sense 2 in context:**
    *   The text discusses "extending the educational system."
    *   Does "providing knowledge" fit? Not quite in the systemic sense. While an educational system provides knowledge, the adjective here is classifying the type of system/program.
    *   The sentence "not an educational program" means it is not a program designed for formal schooling/instruction (Sense 1). It *could* potentially be interpreted as "not a program that provides knowledge" (Sense 2), but the context of "educational system," "governors' conference on education," and "pre-kindergarten years" strongly points to the institutional/systemic definition.
    *   The contrast is between "child-care" (babysitting/supervision) and "education" (formal instruction/system). This maps to the noun "education" (process/institution) rather than the adjective meaning "instructive."
    *   A film can be educational (sense 2) without being part of the educational system (sense 1). A program can be part of the educational system (sense 1).
    *   Here, the author is arguing about the classification of the program within the scope of the state's responsibilities. Is it a schooling program (Sense 1) or a daycare program?
    *   The phrase "educational system" is the smoking gun. You don't say "instructive system" (Sense 2). You say "system relating to the process of education" (Sense 1).
    *   The last sentence says "...not an educational program." Here, the author is denying that it belongs to the realm of formal education. If the program were merely "instructive" (Sense 2), the author wouldn't contrast it with "child-care" in the context of a governors' conference on policy. The contrast is institutional: School vs. Daycare.

5.  **Compare and Select:**
    *   Sense 1 relates to the institution/process.
    *   Sense 2 relates to the quality of being instructive.
    *   The context is explicitly about the "educational system" and policy classification (education vs. child-care).
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct fit.

6.  **Format Output:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   Index 1 corresponds to Sense 1.

    Wait, let me double check the indexing. The prompt lists:
    1. sense_key=...
    2. sense_key=...

    So, I need to return index 1.

    Let's verify sense 2 again. "Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program."
    Does the author mean "not an instructive program"? No, the author means it's not a program for formal teaching/schooling (like the K-12 system), but rather just supervision. This is clearly about the domain/sector of education.
    Therefore, "relating to the process of education" is the definition to use.

    Result: Sense index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: system
Target surface form: system
Context:
We really do know all we need to know, if only we could assimilate this knowledge into our thinking. In this respect, it would be helpful if our political leaders were mute, rather than eloquently "concerned. "They are inevitably inclined to echo the conventional pap, since this is the least controversial option that is open to them. Thus at the recent governors' conference on education, Gov. Bill Clinton of Arkansas announced that "this country needs a comprehensive child-development policy for children under five. "A comprehensive development policy for governors over 30 would seem to be a more pressing need. What Gov. Clinton is advocating, in effect, is extending the educational <t>system</t> down to the pre-kindergarten years. Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=system%1:06:00:: | definition=instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity | examples=he bought a new stereo system; the system consists of a motor and a small computer
2. sense_key=system%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole | synonyms=scheme | examples=a vast system of production and distribution and consumption keep the country going
3. sense_key=system%1:27:00:: | definition=(physical chemistry) a sample of matter in which substances in different phases are in equilibrium | examples=in a static system oil cannot be replaced by water on a surface; a system generating hydrogen peroxide
4. sense_key=system%1:09:00:: | definition=a complex of methods or rules governing behavior | synonyms=system of rules | examples=they have to operate under a system they oppose; that language has a complex system for indicating gender
5. sense_key=system%1:09:02:: | definition=an organized structure for arranging or classifying | synonyms=arrangement, organization, organisation | examples=he changed the arrangement of the topics; the facts were familiar but it was in the organization of them that he was original
6. sense_key=system%1:08:00:: | definition=a group of physiologically or anatomically related organs or parts | examples=the body has a system of organs for digestion
7. sense_key=system%1:09:01:: | definition=a procedure or process for obtaining an objective | examples=they had to devise a system that did not depend on cooperation
8. sense_key=system%1:08:01:: | definition=the living body considered as made up of interdependent components forming a unified whole | examples=exercise helped him get the alcohol out of his system
9. sense_key=system%1:07:00:: | definition=an ordered manner; orderliness by virtue of being methodical and well organized | synonyms=organization, organisation | examples=his compulsive organization was not an endearing quality; we can't do it unless we establish some system around here

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word:** "system" in the phrase "educational system".
2.  **Analyze the context:** The text discusses extending the "educational system" down to pre-kindergarten years. It mentions a "comprehensive child-development policy," "governors' conference on education," and distinguishes between an educational program and a child-care program. The "educational system" here refers to the institutions, schools, bureaucracy, and processes involved in educating people.
3.  **Evaluate the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1 (Instrumentality/artifacts):** Defined as "instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity". Examples: stereo system, motor/computer. This usually refers to mechanical or electronic setups. While an educational system is an instrumentality, sense 1 is typically reserved for physical machinery or equipment. It's too physical/hardware-focused for "educational system".

    *   **Sense 2 (Group of independent but interrelated elements):** Defined as "a group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole". Example: "a vast system of production and distribution and consumption". This is a strong contender. An educational system is a collection of schools, policies, teachers, administrators, etc., working as a whole. However, let's look for a better fit regarding institutions vs. abstract concepts.

    *   **Sense 3 (Physical chemistry):** Matter in equilibrium. Irrelevant.

    *   **Sense 4 (Complex of methods or rules):** Defined as "a complex of methods or rules governing behavior". Example: "operate under a system they oppose", "language has a complex system". This refers to rules, laws, or linguistic systems. An educational system involves rules, but it is usually understood as the institution/structure rather than just the rules.

    *   **Sense 5 (Organized structure for arranging/classifying):** Defined as "an organized structure for arranging or classifying". Example: arrangement of topics. This is taxonomic or organizational in a filing sense. Not the primary meaning here.

    *   **Sense 6 (Anatomical):** Organs/parts. Irrelevant.

    *   **Sense 7 (Procedure/process):** Defined as "a procedure or process for obtaining an objective". Example: "devise a system". This is usually a specific method (e.g., "a system for picking stocks"). The educational system is an entity/establishment, not just a process.

    *   **Sense 8 (Living body): "get alcohol out of his system". Irrelevant.

    *   **Sense 9 (Ordered manner):** "Orderliness". Irrelevant.

    *   *Re-evaluating Sense 1 vs Sense 2:*
        *   Sense 1 ("instrumentality... artifacts") is often used for things like the "solar system" (sometimes) or "broadcast system", but primarily mechanical/hardware systems in WordNet hierarchies (specifically under `artifact#1`). However, "educational system" is often treated as a social institution.
        *   Sense 2 ("group of independent but interrelated elements") is under `group#1`. The example given is economic ("production and distribution").
        *   Let's look closer at WordNet hierarchies often implied. Is an "educational system" an artifact (Sense 1) or a group (Sense 2)?
        *   Many WSD models map "educational system" or "political system" to Sense 1 because it is viewed as a complex institution created by humans (an instrumentality/establishment). Let's check the definition of Sense 1 again: "instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts...". "Artifacts" usually implies physical objects, but in WordNet, `artifact` covers non-natural objects, including institutions often (though `group` covers collections of people).
        *   However, let's look at Sense 1 examples: "stereo system", "motor and small computer".
        *   Let's look at Sense 2 examples: "system of production and distribution...".
        *   Context: "extending the educational system". This refers to the network of schools and the institution. This aligns best with the "complex of institutions, etc." meaning.
        *   Let's check if there's a "social institution" sense missing? WordNet 3.1 added specific senses. Assuming the provided list is the available choices.
        *   Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 2.
            *   Sense 1: Artifacts. A school building is an artifact, but the *educational system* as a whole?
            *   Sense 2: "A group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole." Example: economic system.
            *   Standard usage: "The American political system," "the educational system." These are social systems.
            *   In many WordNet mappings (like the SemCor corpus), "system" in "educational system" is often mapped to **Sense 2**. Why? Because it is a collection of entities (schools, colleges, universities) and processes interacting. It fits the pattern of "system of production" (Sense 2) better than "stereo system" (Sense 1).
            *   However, sometimes Sense 1 is used for "establishment/institution". Let's look at the definition of Sense 1 again: "instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts". This definition is quite specific to physical apparatus. Sense 2's definition "group of independent but interrelated elements" is more abstract and fits social structures better.
            *   Let's verify against Sense 4 ("complex of methods or rules"). An educational system contains rules, but "extending the system" implies extending the scope of the institution/schools, not just changing the rules. So Sense 4 is unlikely.
            *   Let's compare Sense 1 and Sense 2 again.
                *   Sense 1 definition: "instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts". This is the "instrumentality" sense. Sometimes used for the "system" as a whole functioning entity. But "artifacts" is the key word.
                *   Sense 2 definition: "a group of independent but interrelated elements". This is the "scheme" or "network" sense.
                *   In the SemCor sense tagged corpus, "economic system" is tagged as Sense 2. "Educational system" is structurally similar to "economic system" (a social organization).
                *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 2: "scheme". A bit weak.
                *   Let's look at Sense 1 again. Is there a broader interpretation? Some WSD tasks tag "computer system" as 1. "Solar system" as 2. "Educational system" usually falls under the social organization category.
                *   Wait, WordNet often categorizes "system" (Sense 2) under `group`. "Educational system" is a group of schools? Or is it an `artifact` (a system established for a purpose)?
                *   Often, Sense 1 is defined narrowly as "instrumentality". But sometimes broadly as a "facility".
                *   Let's look at the definition of Sense 2 again. "A group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole". The example is "a vast system of production and distribution and consumption". This example is extremely close to "educational system" in nature (sociological/organizational). The educational system is a system of schools, policies, and funding.
                *   Sense 1 examples are strictly physical machinery (stereo, motor/computer).
                *   Therefore, Sense 2 is the better fit for a sociological/institutional system.

4.  **Refinement:**
    *   Context: "extending the educational system".
    *   Sense 1: Physical machinery? No.
    *   Sense 2: Interrelated elements comprising a whole (like the economy)? Yes. The educational system consists of schools, teachers, administration, laws, funding.
    *   Sense 4: Rules? No.
    *   Conclusion: Sense 2 is the intended meaning. It captures the structural, multi-component nature of a social institution similar to the example provided for Sense 2.

    *   *Self-Correction/Double Check:* Is "educational system" ever Sense 1? Sense 1 is defined as "instrumentality". An educational system *is* an instrumentality of the state. However, the WordNet gloss "interrelated interacting artifacts" strongly implies physical components. The Sense 2 gloss "independent but interrelated elements" is broader and encompasses the abstract entities (schools, policies) that make up an educational system. The example "vast system of production..." clinches it. That is a socio-economic system. "Educational system" is a socio-educational system.

    Therefore, the index is 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: desirable
Target surface form: desirable
Context:
In this respect, it would be helpful if our political leaders were mute, rather than eloquently "concerned. "They are inevitably inclined to echo the conventional pap, since this is the least controversial option that is open to them. Thus at the recent governors' conference on education, Gov. Bill Clinton of Arkansas announced that "this country needs a comprehensive child-development policy for children under five. "A comprehensive development policy for governors over 30 would seem to be a more pressing need. What Gov. Clinton is advocating, in effect, is extending the educational system down to the pre-kindergarten years. Whether <t>desirable</t> or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program. We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=desirable%3:00:00:: | definition=worth having or seeking or achieving | examples=a desirable job; computer with many desirable features
2. sense_key=desirable%5:00:00:eligible:00 | definition=worthy of being chosen especially as a spouse | synonyms=suitable, worthy | examples=the parents found the girl suitable for their son

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   **Target lemma:** desirable
    *   **Context:** "Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program."
    *   **Meaning:** The author is discussing a policy proposal (extending the educational system down to pre-kindergarten years). They are evaluating the merit or worth of this proposal. The phrase "Whether desirable or not" means "Whether it is a good/worthwhile thing to do or not." It refers to the quality of being wanted, sought after, or considered beneficial/advantageous in a general sense.

2.  **Analyze Sense 1:**
    *   **Sense Key:** desirable%3:00:00::
    *   **Definition:** worth having or seeking or achieving
    *   **Examples:** a desirable job; computer with many desirable features
    *   **Fit:** This sense applies to things, outcomes, or qualities that are beneficial or good to have. In the context, the "this" refers to extending the educational system. The author questions if this action is worth doing or if it is a good outcome. This fits perfectly. It's about the general value or appeal of the policy.

3.  **Analyze Sense 2:**
    *   **Sense Key:** desirable%5:00:00:eligible:00
    *   **Definition:** worthy of being chosen especially as a spouse
    *   **Synonyms:** suitable, worthy
    *   **Examples:** the parents found the girl suitable for their son
    *   **Fit:** This sense is specifically about marriage eligibility or romantic suitability (often archaic or specific to that domain). The context is a policy critique, not a romantic relationship. This sense is incorrect.

4.  **Compare and Select:**
    *   Sense 1 covers the general meaning of something being good, beneficial, or worth pursuing (a policy in this case).
    *   Sense 2 is specific to spousal suitability.
    *   The context clearly aligns with Sense 1.

5.  **Format Output:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   Sense 1 is index 1. Sense 2 is index 2.
    *   Selected index: 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: program
Target surface form: program
Context:
In this respect, it would be helpful if our political leaders were mute, rather than eloquently "concerned. "They are inevitably inclined to echo the conventional pap, since this is the least controversial option that is open to them. Thus at the recent governors' conference on education, Gov. Bill Clinton of Arkansas announced that "this country needs a comprehensive child-development policy for children under five. "A comprehensive development policy for governors over 30 would seem to be a more pressing need. What Gov. Clinton is advocating, in effect, is extending the educational system down to the pre-kindergarten years. Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care <t>program</t>, not an educational program. We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=program%1:09:00:: | definition=a series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished | synonyms=plan, programme | examples=they drew up a six-step plan; they discussed plans for a new bond issue
2. sense_key=program%1:09:01:: | definition=a system of projects or services intended to meet a public need | synonyms=programme | examples=he proposed an elaborate program of public works; working mothers rely on the day care program
3. sense_key=program%1:10:01:: | definition=a radio or television show | synonyms=broadcast, programme | examples=did you see his program last night?
4. sense_key=program%1:10:04:: | definition=a document stating the aims and principles of a political party | synonyms=platform, political platform, political program | examples=their candidate simply ignored the party platform; they won the election even though they offered no positive program
5. sense_key=program%1:10:00:: | definition=an announcement of the events that will occur as part of a theatrical or sporting event | synonyms=programme | examples=you can't tell the players without a program
6. sense_key=program%1:10:05:: | definition=an integrated course of academic studies | synonyms=course of study, programme, curriculum, syllabus | examples=he was admitted to a new program at the university
7. sense_key=program%1:10:02:: | definition=(computer science) a sequence of instructions that a computer can interpret and execute | synonyms=programme, computer program, computer programme | examples=the program required several hundred lines of code
8. sense_key=program%1:04:00:: | definition=a performance (or series of performances) at a public presentation | synonyms=programme | examples=the program lasted more than two hours

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context**:
    *   Target lemma: "program"
    *   Target sentence: "Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care <t>program</t>, not an educational program."
    *   Broader context: The text discusses a proposal by Gov. Bill Clinton for a "comprehensive child-development policy." The author argues that this proposal is essentially extending the educational system downwards. The author distinguishes between an "educational program" and a "child-care program." The context involves public policy, social services, and meeting public needs (care for children under five).

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses**:
    *   Sense 1: "a series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished" (plan). This is a general sense. A child-care program is a plan, but it's more specific.
    *   Sense 2: "a system of projects or services intended to meet a public need" (programme). Examples: "public works," "day care program". This fits "child-care program" perfectly. It is a service/system designed to meet a public need (caring for children).
    *   Sense 3: "a radio or television show". Irrelevant.
    *   Sense 4: "a document stating the aims and principles of a political party". Irrelevant.
    *   Sense 5: "an announcement of the events... theatrical or sporting event". Irrelevant.
    *   Sense 6: "an integrated course of academic studies" (curriculum). The author contrasts "child-care program" *with* "educational program," implying they are different categories in this specific rhetorical framing, although the broader context mentions extending the educational system. However, "child-care program" refers to a service/system provided to the public, not specifically the curriculum itself, although the educational program could fall under Sense 6. But the target instance is "child-care program."
    *   Sense 7: "(computer science) a sequence of instructions...". Irrelevant.
    *   Sense 8: "a performance... at a public presentation". Irrelevant.

3.  **Evaluate the best fit**:
    *   The phrase is "child-care program".
    *   Sense 2 definition: "a system of projects or services intended to meet a public need".
    *   Sense 2 example: "working mothers rely on the day care program".
    *   The context discusses Gov. Clinton's policy proposal, which is a public initiative/service. The author explicitly labels it a "child-care program."
    *   Sense 1 is too broad (a plan). Sense 2 captures the public service aspect. Sense 6 captures the academic aspect, but the text specifically distinguishes the target as "child-care," which fits Sense 2's definition of a "system of projects or services intended to meet a public need" better than just a "course of study."

4.  **Select the index**:
    *   Sense 2 seems the correct match.
    *   The index for sense_key=program%1:09:01:: is 2.

5.  **Final Verification**:
    *   Context: A government proposal for child development.
    *   Target: "child-care program".
    *   Sense 2 definition: "a system of projects or services intended to meet a public need".
    *   Match: High. "Child-care" is a public service/need.
    *   Example match: "day care program" vs "child-care program". These are synonyms in this context.

    Result: Sense 2.