[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: see
Target surface form: seen
Context:
He had already quite forgotten about him. In fact, he had only mentioned him on the spur of the moment. His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't <t>seen</t> him sit down. The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=see%2:39:00:: | definition=perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight | examples=You have to be a good observer to see all the details; Can you see the bird in that tree?
2. sense_key=see%2:31:01:: | definition=perceive (an idea or situation) mentally | synonyms=understand, realize, realise | examples=Now I see!; I just can't see your point
3. sense_key=see%2:39:02:: | definition=perceive or be contemporaneous with | synonyms=witness, find | examples=We found Republicans winning the offices; You'll see a lot of cheating in this school
4. sense_key=see%2:36:00:: | definition=imagine; conceive of; see in one's mind | synonyms=visualize, visualise, envision, project, fancy, figure | examples=I can't see him on horseback!; I can see what will happen
5. sense_key=see%2:31:00:: | definition=deem to be | synonyms=consider, reckon, view, regard | examples=She views this quite differently from me; I consider her to be shallow
6. sense_key=see%2:31:02:: | definition=get to know or become aware of, usually accidentally | synonyms=learn, hear, get word, get wind, pick up, find out | examples=I learned that she has two grown-up children; I see that you have been promoted
7. sense_key=see%2:39:03:: | definition=see or watch | synonyms=watch, view, catch, take in | examples=view a show on television; This program will be seen all over the world
8. sense_key=see%2:38:00:: | definition=come together | synonyms=meet, run into, encounter, run across, come across | examples=I'll probably see you at the meeting; How nice to see you again!
9. sense_key=see%2:32:00:: | definition=find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort | synonyms=determine, check, find out, ascertain, watch, learn | examples=I want to see whether she speaks French; See whether it works
10. sense_key=see%2:31:03:: | definition=be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something | synonyms=check, insure, see to it, ensure, control, ascertain | examples=He verified that the valves were closed; See that the curtains are closed
11. sense_key=see%2:41:11:: | definition=go to see for professional or business reasons | examples=You should see a lawyer; We had to see a psychiatrist
12. sense_key=see%2:41:12:: | definition=go to see for a social visit | examples=I went to see my friend Mary the other day
13. sense_key=see%2:41:10:: | definition=go to see a place, as for entertainment | synonyms=visit | examples=We went to see the Eiffel Tower in the morning
14. sense_key=see%2:41:14:: | definition=take charge of or deal with | synonyms=attend, take care, look | examples=Could you see about lunch?; I must attend to this matter
15. sense_key=see%2:35:09:: | definition=receive as a specified guest | examples=the doctor will see you now; The minister doesn't see anybody before noon
16. sense_key=see%2:41:00:: | definition=date regularly; have a steady relationship with | synonyms=go steady, go out, date | examples=Did you know that she is seeing an older man?; He is dating his former wife again!
17. sense_key=see%2:39:05:: | definition=see and understand, have a good eye | examples=The artist must first learn to see
18. sense_key=see%2:31:08:: | definition=deliberate or decide | examples=See whether you can come tomorrow; let's see--which movie should we see tonight?
19. sense_key=see%2:39:11:: | definition=observe as if with an eye | examples=The camera saw the burglary and recorded it
20. sense_key=see%2:39:13:: | definition=observe, check out, and look over carefully or inspect | synonyms=examine | examples=The customs agent examined the baggage; I must see your passport before you can enter the country
21. sense_key=see%2:39:12:: | definition=go or live through | synonyms=experience, go through | examples=We had many trials to go through; he saw action in Viet Nam
22. sense_key=see%2:38:03:: | definition=accompany or escort | synonyms=escort | examples=I'll see you to the door
23. sense_key=see%2:33:00:: | definition=match or meet | examples=I saw the bet of one of my fellow players
24. sense_key=see%2:31:13:: | definition=make sense of; assign a meaning to | synonyms=interpret, construe | examples=What message do you see in this letter?; How do you interpret his behavior?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully:

The sentence is: "He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't <t>seen</t> him sit down."

Context: The main character is in a bar, drinking, and suddenly becomes aware that someone (a stranger) is sitting across from him. The stranger appeared without the main character noticing him sit down.

So "seen" here means physically perceiving with one's eyes. The character did not visually perceive the stranger sitting down.

Let me check the senses:

1. sense_key=see%2:39:00:: | definition=perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight | examples=You have to be a good observer to see all the details; Can you see the bird in that tree?

This is about physically perceiving something with your eyes. The examples are about observing details, seeing a bird in a tree - physical visual perception.

This seems to fit the context. The character did not perceive (visually) the stranger sit down.

2. sense_key=see%2:31:01:: | definition=perceive (an idea or situation) mentally | synonyms=understand, realize, realise

This is about mental understanding, not physical sight.

3. sense_key=see%2:39:02:: | definition=perceive or be contemporaneous with | synonyms=witness, find

This is about witnessing something, being present when something happens. Could be close, but it's more about witnessing events.

4. sense_key=see%2:36:00:: | definition=imagine; conceive of; see in one's mind

This is about mental visualization.

5. sense_key=see%2:31:00:: | definition=deem to be

This is about judgment/opinion.

6. sense_key=see%2:31:02:: | definition=get to know or become aware of, usually accidentally

This is about learning something, becoming aware of information.

7. sense_key=see%2:39:03:: | definition=see or watch | synonyms=watch, view, catch, take in

This is about watching something like a show or program.

The context is clearly about physical visual perception. The character did not see (with his eyes) the stranger sit down.

Between sense 1 and sense 3:
- Sense 1 is about basic visual perception
- Sense 3 is about witnessing events

The context is: "he hadn't seen him sit down" - he didn't visually perceive the action of the stranger sitting down. This is basic visual perception, not necessarily "witnessing" in the sense of being a witness to an event.

Sense 1 seems most appropriate because:
1. The definition "perceive by sight" matches exactly
2. The examples about observing details or seeing a bird are about physical visual perception
3. The context is about not visually perceiving someone sit down

Sense 3 (witness) would be more like "I saw the accident happen" or "We found Republicans winning the offices" - witnessing an event or being present for something significant. Here, it's just about not visually noticing someone sit down.

Actually, let me reconsider sense 3. The definition is "perceive or be contemporaneous with" and the synonym is "witness." The examples are about witnessing events like Republicans winning offices or seeing cheating in school. This seems more about being present for events rather than simple visual perception.

Sense 1 is the best fit. The character did not perceive (by sight) the stranger sit down.

{"sense_index": 1}

provider: AtlasCloud


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sit_down
Target surface form: sit down
Context:
He had already quite forgotten about him. In fact, he had only mentioned him on the spur of the moment. His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him <t>sit down</t>. The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sit_down%2:38:00:: | definition=take a seat | synonyms=sit
2. sense_key=sit_down%2:35:00:: | definition=show to a seat; assign a seat for | synonyms=seat, sit | examples=The host seated me next to Mrs. Smith
3. sense_key=sit_down%2:35:03:: | definition=be seated | synonyms=sit

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Context**:
    *   The sentence is: "He hadn't even noticed ... he hadn't seen him <t>sit down</t>."
    *   The subject is "him" (referring to the stranger/Pete).
    *   The action is "sit down".
    *   The context describes a man appearing silently at a table.
    *   Grammatically, "sit down" is the bare infinitive form following the verb of perception "seen" (see someone do something).

2.  **Analyze the Candidates**:
    *   **Sense 1**: `sit_down%2:38:00::` | Definition: "take a seat" | Synonyms: `sit`.
        *   This is an agentive action. The subject (the stranger) takes a seat. This fits the intransitive usage of "sit down".
    *   **Sense 2**: `sit_down%2:35:00::` | Definition: "show to a seat; assign a seat for" | Synonyms: `seat, sit` | Example: "The host seated me next to Mrs. Smith".
        *   This is a transitive sense (causative). "The host seated the guest." The object is the person being seated. In the context sentence, "him" is the subject doing the sitting, not the object being seated by someone else. So, this is incorrect.
    *   **Sense 3**: `sit_down%2:35:03::` | Definition: "be seated" | Synonyms: `sit`.
        *   This looks very similar to Sense 1.

3.  **Distinguish between Sense 1 and Sense 3**:
    *   Both have the synonym "sit".
    *   Sense 1 definition: "take a seat".
    *   Sense 3 definition: "be seated".
    *   In WordNet hierarchy:
        *   `sit_down%2:38:00::` (take a seat) usually refers to the act of moving from standing to sitting.
        *   `sit_down%2:35:03::` (be seated) often implies the state of being seated or the act itself, often used in instructions or descriptions of posture.
    *   Let's look at the specific WordNet structure (synset IDs) usually associated with these, although I only have the provided data.
    *   Sense 1 (`sit_down%2:38:00::`): "take a seat". This implies the action/movement. The sentence describes the *event* of the stranger arriving and taking a seat unnoticed. "He hadn't seen him sit down" implies he missed the action of the stranger taking the seat.
    *   Sense 3 (`sit_down%2:35:03::`): "be seated". In many dictionaries/WordNet versions, "sit down" is the verb specifically for the action (taking a seat), whereas "sit" can be the stative (be seated) or the action.
    *   Let's check the sense keys.
        *   `sit_down%2:38:00::` corresponds to the specific verb "sit down" meaning to take a seat.
        *   `sit_down%2:35:03::` corresponds to "be seated". Often, "sit down" is the action verb, while "sit" covers both state and action.
    *   However, looking closely at the definitions provided:
        *   Sense 1: "take a seat". This is the prototypical definition of the phrasal verb "sit down".
        *   Sense 3: "be seated". This sounds more like the state, or a synonym for "sit" (state).
    *   The sentence "He hadn't seen him sit down" refers to the specific movement/action of getting into the chair. The stranger arrived and took a seat. The narrator missed that specific moment of action.
    *   Therefore, "take a seat" (Sense 1) is the active process definition. "Be seated" (Sense 3) can be ambiguous (state vs action), but "take a seat" specifically captures the transition which fits "seen him [action verb]".
    *   Also, usually, "sit down" maps to the "take a seat" synset in WordNet (verb body motion). "Sit" maps to "be seated".
    *   Let's check the lemma `sit_down`. Sense 1 is `sit_down%2:38:00::`. Sense 3 is `sit_down%2:35:03::`.
    *   In WordNet 3.0/3.1:
        *   `sit_down%2:38:00::` is "take a seat".
        *   `sit` is linked here.
        *   `sit_down%2:35:03::` (often just `sit%2:35:03::` actually).
    *   Wait, let's look at the sense keys provided again.
        *   Sense 1 key: `sit_down%2:38:00::`. "take a seat".
        *   Sense 3 key: `sit_down%2:35:03::`. "be seated".
    *   Is Sense 3 actually "sit down"? Or is it a cross-reference?
    *   Context: "He hadn't seen him sit down." He missed the action. The stranger sat down (action).
    *   Definition "take a seat" (Sense 1) perfectly describes the action.
    *   Definition "be seated" (Sense 3) sounds more static. While "sit down" can mean "be seated" in contexts like "Parliament sat down", the context here is a person joining a table.
    *   Comparing the two available definitions: "take a seat" is the dynamic action. "be seated" is often the result or state. Since the context is "seen him [verb]", it implies a dynamic event. Sense 1 is the dynamic definition.

4.  **Conclusion**: Sense 1 is the best fit for the action of moving into a sitting position.

    *   Sense 1: take a seat. (Fits the action).
    *   Sense 2: show to a seat. (Wrong valency).
    *   Sense 3: be seated. (Ambiguous, often stative).

    Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Parasail

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: man
Target surface form: man
Context:
In fact, he had only mentioned him on the spur of the moment. His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down. The <t>man</t> was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow. Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=man%1:18:00:: | definition=an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman) | synonyms=adult male | examples=there were two women and six men on the bus
2. sense_key=man%1:18:03:: | definition=someone who serves in the armed forces; a member of a military force | synonyms=serviceman, military man, military personnel | examples=two men stood sentry duty
3. sense_key=man%1:18:04:: | definition=the generic use of the word to refer to any human being | examples=it was every man for himself
4. sense_key=man%1:05:01:: | definition=any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae characterized by superior intelligence, articulate speech, and erect carriage | synonyms=homo, human being, human
5. sense_key=man%1:18:08:: | definition=a male subordinate | examples=the chief stationed two men outside the building; he awaited word from his man in Havana
6. sense_key=man%1:18:06:: | definition=an adult male person who has a manly character (virile and courageous competent) | examples=the army will make a man of you
7. sense_key=man%1:18:05:: | definition=a manservant who acts as a personal attendant to his employer | synonyms=valet, valet de chambre, gentleman, gentleman's gentleman | examples=Jeeves was Bertie Wooster's man
8. sense_key=man%1:18:07:: | definition=a male person who plays a significant role (husband or lover or boyfriend) in the life of a particular woman | examples=she takes good care of her man
9. sense_key=man%1:15:00:: | definition=one of the British Isles in the Irish Sea | synonyms=Isle of Man
10. sense_key=man%1:06:00:: | definition=game equipment consisting of an object used in playing certain board games | synonyms=piece | examples=he taught me to set up the men on the chess board; he sacrificed a piece to get a strategic advantage
11. sense_key=man%1:05:00:: | definition=all of the living human inhabitants of the earth | synonyms=world, human race, humanity, humankind, human beings, humans | examples=all the world loves a lover; she always used `humankind' because `mankind' seemed to slight the women

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   Target sentence: "The <t>man</t> was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow."
    *   Surrounding text: The protagonist (Haney) is drinking at a table. A stranger sits down. The stranger is described as smiling a secret smile. The protagonist refers to him as "the stranger" earlier. Then asks "what was his name? Pete?". Then "The man was uncanny...".
    *   Description of the referent: He is a stranger, he is sitting across the table, he is "wiry, dark little".
    *   Relationship: There is no established relationship (husband/lover), no military context, no servile role, no chess context. He is an adult male person sitting in a bar/dining setting.

2.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses:**

    *   *Sense 1: an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)*.
        *   Synonyms: adult male.
        *   Examples: "there were two women and six men on the bus".
        *   Fit: The referent is a stranger, described as "wiry, dark little". He is clearly an adult male. This is the most general, default sense used when referring to a specific male individual.

    *   *Sense 2: someone who serves in the armed forces...*
        *   Fit: No military context is present.

    *   *Sense 3: the generic use of the word to refer to any human being*.
        *   Examples: "it was every man for himself".
        *   Fit: This refers to the *concept* of a human, not a specific individual sitting at a table. The context uses a definite article ("The man"), referring to a specific entity previously introduced ("the stranger", "him").

    *   *Sense 4: any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae...*
        *   Synonyms: homo, human being.
        *   Fit: This is the biological/evolutionary sense (e.g., "the evolution of man"). Not appropriate for a specific guy in a bar.

    *   *Sense 5: a male subordinate*.
        *   Examples: "his man in Havana".
        *   Fit: No hierarchical relationship established.

    *   *Sense 6: an adult male person who has a manly character...*
        *   Fit: The text describes him as "uncanny", "wiry, dark little". While he is a "conspirator" potentially, the use of "man" here is just to identify him, not to praise his virility or courage (in fact, he's "wiry" and "little").

    *   *Sense 7: a manservant...*
        *   Fit: No evidence of him being a servant; he is a stranger.

    *   *Sense 8: a male person who plays a significant role... in the life of a particular woman*.
        *   Fit: No woman is the focus of this relationship in this immediate context.

    *   *Sense 9: Isle of Man.*
        *   Fit: Context is a physical person, not a geographical location.

    *   *Sense 10: game equipment...*
        *   Fit: Context is a physical person, not a chess piece.

    *   *Sense 11: all of the living human inhabitants of the earth...*
        *   Fit: Similar to sense 3 and 4, this is a collective sense ("mankind"), not a specific individual.

3.  **Conclusion:**
    The word "man" refers to the specific male stranger sitting across the table. This fits the definition of sense 1: "an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)". The text distinguishes him as a male individual (contrasted potentially with women, but mostly just identified as a male person). He is referred to as "the stranger" and "him", then "The man".

    Double check: Is there any nuance implying "male subordinate" or "manly character"? No. The description "wiry, dark little man" emphasizes his physical stature (adult male), fitting sense 1 perfectly.

4.  **Formulate Output:**
    Select sense_index 1.

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: uncanny
Target surface form: uncanny
Context:
In fact, he had only mentioned him on the spur of the moment. His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down. The man was <t>uncanny</t>, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow. Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=uncanny%5:00:00:supernatural:00 | definition=suggesting the operation of supernatural influences; ; ; - John Galsworthy; ; - Henry Kingsley | synonyms=eldritch, weird, unearthly | examples=an eldritch screech; the three weird sisters
2. sense_key=uncanny%5:00:00:extraordinary:00 | definition=surpassing the ordinary or normal;  - George Will | synonyms=preternatural | examples=Beyond his preternatural affability there is some acid and some steel; his uncanny sense of direction

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   Target word: "uncanny".
    *   Sentence: "The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow."
    *   Context clues: The man (a stranger) appeared suddenly without the protagonist noticing ("he hadn't seen him sit down"). He is compared to a "shadow" in his noiselessness and sudden appearance. He seems to have an almost supernatural ability to be present without detection ("smiling a secret smile... as if they were fellow conspirators"). The protagonist feels trapped.
    *   The comparison to a shadow suggests an eerie quality, something not quite normal or natural in terms of human presence and perceptibility.

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:**
        *   Definition: "suggesting the operation of supernatural influences"
        *   Synonyms: "eldritch", "weird", "unearthly"
        *   Examples: "an eldritch screech", "the three weird sisters" (Macbeth reference, supernatural).
        *   Fit: The man's ability to appear out of nowhere like a shadow suggests something supernatural or ghostly. The protagonist didn't see him sit down. This aligns with the idea of an "unearthly" or "weird" presence. The comparison to a shadow often implies a lack of substance or a ghostly nature.

    *   **Sense 2:**
        *   Definition: "surpassing the ordinary or normal"
        *   Synonyms: "preternatural"
        *   Examples: "Beyond his preternatural affability...", "his uncanny sense of direction".
        *   Fit: This sense is often used for extraordinary talents or abilities (like a sense of direction, intuition, or skill). While the stranger's stealth is "surpassing the ordinary," the specific connotation of being "like a shadow" and appearing out of nowhere leans heavily toward the eerie/creepy aspect rather than just being exceptionally skilled. "Uncanny" in the sense of "creepy" or "supernatural" usually falls under Sense 1. The example "uncanny sense of direction" fits Sense 2 well (extraordinary ability). The context here is about the *nature* of the man's presence being eerie and ghost-like, not just a high-level skill he possesses.

3.  **Compare and Decide:**
    *   The context highlights the man's sudden, silent appearance and his shadow-like quality. This evokes a feeling of creepiness or something outside the realm of normal human behavior (stealth so perfect it seems supernatural).
    *   Sense 1 (supernatural/weird/eldritch) captures the "creepy" or "eerie" aspect of the word.
    *   Sense 2 (extraordinary/preternatural) captures the "remarkable/extraordinary" aspect.
    *   Is the man just remarkably quiet (Sense 2), or is he eerie and shadow-like in a way that suggests supernatural influence (Sense 1)? The phrase "The man was uncanny, like a shadow" suggests an atmospheric, eerie quality. The synonym "unearthly" in Sense 1 fits the "shadow" comparison well (shadows aren't real physical beings in the same way, they are silent and sudden).
    *   In literary usage, "uncanny" often describes the feeling of unease caused by something that seems simultaneously familiar yet strange or supernatural (the Freudian *unheimlich*). Sense 1 deals with "supernatural influences" and "unearthly." Sense 2 deals with "surpassing the ordinary" (often used for abilities).
    *   The specific usage here describes the *man himself* or his *presence*. Describing a person as "uncanny" because they appear silently like a shadow aligns with "weird," "eldritch," or "unearthly" (Sense 1). If the text said "his uncanny ability to sneak up on people," Sense 2 might be a contender, but describing the *man* as "uncanny, like a shadow" invokes the supernatural/eerie definition.

4.  **Final Selection:**
    *   Sense 1 fits best. The silent appearance and "shadow" comparison suggest an eerie, possibly supernatural quality to his presence.

5.  **Formatting Output:**
    *   JSON format required: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: Phala


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: shadow
Target surface form: shadow
Context:
In fact, he had only mentioned him on the spur of the moment. His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down. The man was uncanny, like a <t>shadow</t>, and made as much noise as a shadow. Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=shadow%1:26:01:: | definition=shade within clear boundaries
2. sense_key=shadow%1:15:00:: | definition=an unilluminated area | synonyms=darkness, dark | examples=he moved off into the darkness
3. sense_key=shadow%1:09:00:: | definition=something existing in perception only | synonyms=apparition, phantom, phantasm, phantasma, fantasm | examples=a ghostly apparition at midnight
4. sense_key=shadow%1:12:00:: | definition=a premonition of something adverse | examples=a shadow over his happiness
5. sense_key=shadow%1:10:00:: | definition=an indication that something has been present | synonyms=trace, vestige, tincture | examples=there wasn't a trace of evidence for the claim; a tincture of condescension
6. sense_key=shadow%1:07:00:: | definition=refuge from danger or observation | examples=he felt secure in his father's shadow
7. sense_key=shadow%1:26:00:: | definition=a dominating and pervasive presence | examples=he received little recognition working in the shadow of his father
8. sense_key=shadow%1:18:00:: | definition=a spy employed to follow someone and report their movements | synonyms=tail, shadower
9. sense_key=shadow%1:18:01:: | definition=an inseparable companion | examples=the poor child was his mother's shadow

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the candidate senses for the word "shadow" in this passage.

The context describes:
- A stranger who appears suddenly and silently at a table
- The man is described as "uncanny, like a shadow"
- He "made as much noise as a shadow" (i.e., was silent/unnoticed)
- He seemed to appear out of nowhere - the narrator "hadn't even noticed" him sit down
- The man has a "secret smile" and appears somewhat mysterious
- He's described as "wiry, dark little man"

The comparison "like a shadow" emphasizes:
1. Silent movement or presence
2. Uncanny/unsettling quality
3. Ability to appear without being noticed
4. Insubstantial or ghostly quality

Let me examine each sense:

1. sense_key=shadow%1:26:01:: | definition=shade within clear boundaries
This refers to a literal shadow cast by an object. Not fitting here, as the comparison is metaphorical about the man's qualities, not about him casting shade.

2. sense_key=shadow%1:15:00:: | definition=an unilluminated area | synonyms=darkness, dark
This is about darkness/an unlit area. While the man is described as "dark," the comparison isn't about darkness but about his uncanny, silent, ghostly presence.

3. sense_key=shadow%1:09:00:: | definition=something existing in perception only | synonyms=apparition, phantom, phantasm, phantasma, fantasm | examples=a ghostly apparition at midnight
This sense is about something insubstantial, ghostly, phantom-like. This fits very well:
- The man is "uncanny"
- He appears suddenly without being noticed
- He makes no noise
- He has a mysterious quality
- The comparison suggests he seems unreal or ghostly in some way
- Synonyms like "apparition, phantom" match the supernatural/uncanny feeling described

4. sense_key=shadow%1:12:00:: | definition=a premonition of something adverse
This is metaphorical (shadow over happiness). Not relevant here.

5. sense_key=shadow%1:10:00:: | definition=an indication that something has been present
This is about traces/vestiges. Not relevant.

6. sense_key=shadow%1:07:00:: | definition=refuge from danger or observation
This is about hiding/shelter. Not relevant.

7. sense_key=shadow%1:26:00:: | definition=a dominating and pervasive presence
This is about being overshadowed by someone else. Not relevant.

8. sense_key=shadow%1:18:00:: | definition=a spy employed to follow someone and report their movements
While this could potentially relate to the stranger's mysterious nature, the context doesn't suggest he's literally a spy or "tail." The comparison is more about his uncanny, silent, almost ghostly appearance.

9. sense_key=shadow%1:18:01:: | definition=an inseparable companion
This doesn't fit - the stranger isn't described as a companion but as someone who appeared mysteriously.

The best fit is sense 3 - "something existing in perception only" with synonyms like apparition, phantom. The comparison "like a shadow" emphasizes the man's uncanny, silent, ghostly, almost unreal quality - as if he's more of an apparition than a solid person. The fact that he went unnoticed and made no noise reinforces this phantom-like quality.

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: make
Target surface form: made
Context:
In fact, he had only mentioned him on the spur of the moment. His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down. The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and <t>made</t> as much noise as a shadow. Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=make%2:41:00:: | definition=engage in | synonyms=do | examples=make love, not war; make an effort
2. sense_key=make%2:30:00:: | definition=give certain properties to something | synonyms=get | examples=get someone mad; She made us look silly
3. sense_key=make%2:36:00:: | definition=make or cause to be or to become | synonyms=create | examples=make a mess in one's office; create a furor
4. sense_key=make%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, have, get | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
5. sense_key=make%2:36:08:: | definition=give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally | synonyms=cause, do | examples=cause a commotion; make a stir
6. sense_key=make%2:36:01:: | definition=create or manufacture a man-made product | synonyms=produce, create | examples=We produce more cars than we can sell; The company has been making toys for two centuries
7. sense_key=make%2:31:00:: | definition=make, formulate, or derive in the mind | synonyms=draw | examples=I draw a line here; draw a conclusion
8. sense_key=make%2:36:15:: | definition=compel or make somebody or something to act in a certain way | examples=People cannot be made to integrate just by passing a law!; Heat makes you sweat
9. sense_key=make%2:36:09:: | definition=create by artistic means | synonyms=create | examples=create a poem; Schoenberg created twelve-tone music
10. sense_key=make%2:40:01:: | definition=earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages | synonyms=gain, take in, clear, earn, realize, realise | examples=How much do you make a month in your new job?; She earns a lot in her new job
11. sense_key=make%2:36:05:: | definition=create or design, often in a certain way | synonyms=do | examples=Do my room in blue; I did this piece in wood to express my love for the forest
12. sense_key=make%2:42:05:: | definition=to compose or represent: | synonyms=form, constitute | examples=This wall forms the background of the stage setting; The branches made a roof
13. sense_key=make%2:38:02:: | definition=reach a goal, e.g., | synonyms=reach, get to, progress to | examples=make the first team; We made it!
14. sense_key=make%2:42:00:: | definition=be or be capable of being changed or made into | examples=He makes a great host; He will make a fine father
15. sense_key=make%2:36:11:: | definition=make by shaping or bringing together constituents | examples=make a dress; make a cake
16. sense_key=make%2:36:12:: | definition=perform or carry out | examples=make a decision; make a move
17. sense_key=make%2:36:13:: | definition=make by combining materials and parts | synonyms=construct, build | examples=this little pig made his house out of straw; Some eccentric constructed an electric brassiere warmer
18. sense_key=make%2:30:15:: | definition=change from one form into another | examples=make water into wine; make lead into gold
19. sense_key=make%2:29:08:: | definition=act in a certain way so as to acquire | examples=make friends; make enemies
20. sense_key=make%2:41:03:: | definition=charge with a function; charge to be | synonyms=name, nominate | examples=She was named Head of the Committee; She was made president of the club
21. sense_key=make%2:40:02:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=have, get | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
22. sense_key=make%2:38:00:: | definition=reach a destination, either real or abstract | synonyms=reach, attain, hit, arrive at, gain | examples=We hit Detroit by noon; The water reached the doorstep
23. sense_key=make%2:31:13:: | definition=institute, enact, or establish | synonyms=lay down, establish | examples=make laws
24. sense_key=make%2:41:13:: | definition=carry out or commit | examples=make a mistake; commit a faux-pas
25. sense_key=make%2:41:01:: | definition=form by assembling individuals or constituents | examples=Make a quorum
26. sense_key=make%2:36:04:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, have, give | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
27. sense_key=make%2:30:02:: | definition=put in order or neaten | synonyms=make up | examples=make the bed; make up a room
28. sense_key=make%2:38:05:: | definition=head into a specified direction | synonyms=take | examples=The escaped convict took to the hills; We made for the mountains
29. sense_key=make%2:29:00:: | definition=have a bowel movement | synonyms=stool, defecate, shit, take a shit, take a crap, ca-ca | examples=The dog had made in the flower beds
30. sense_key=make%2:42:09:: | definition=undergo fabrication or creation | examples=This wool makes into a nice sweater
31. sense_key=make%2:42:13:: | definition=be suitable for | examples=Wood makes good furniture
32. sense_key=make%2:42:12:: | definition=add up to | examples=four and four make eight
33. sense_key=make%2:42:11:: | definition=amount to | examples=This salary increase makes no difference to my standard of living
34. sense_key=make%2:42:15:: | definition=constitute the essence of | examples=Clothes make the man
35. sense_key=make%2:39:12:: | definition=appear to begin an activity | examples=He made to speak but said nothing in the end; She made as if to say hello to us
36. sense_key=make%2:38:10:: | definition=proceed along a path | synonyms=work | examples=work one's way through the crowd; make one's way into the forest
37. sense_key=make%2:38:15:: | definition=reach in time | examples=We barely made the plane
38. sense_key=make%2:36:10:: | definition=gather and light the materials for | examples=make a fire
39. sense_key=make%2:36:07:: | definition=prepare for eating by applying heat | synonyms=cook, fix, ready, prepare | examples=Cook me dinner, please; can you make me an omelette?
40. sense_key=make%2:35:13:: | definition=induce to have sex | synonyms=seduce, score | examples=Harry finally seduced Sally; Did you score last night?
41. sense_key=make%2:32:14:: | definition=assure the success of | examples=A good review by this critic will make your play!
42. sense_key=make%2:32:09:: | definition=represent fictitiously, as in a play, or pretend to be or act like | synonyms=pretend, make believe | examples=She makes like an actress
43. sense_key=make%2:31:10:: | definition=consider as being | examples=It wasn't the problem some people made it
44. sense_key=make%2:31:12:: | definition=calculate as being | examples=I make the height about 100 feet
45. sense_key=make%2:30:10:: | definition=cause to be enjoyable or pleasurable | examples=make my day
46. sense_key=make%2:30:14:: | definition=favor the development of | examples=Practice makes the winner
47. sense_key=make%2:30:12:: | definition=develop into | examples=He will make a splendid father!
48. sense_key=make%2:29:06:: | definition=behave in a certain way | examples=make merry
49. sense_key=make%2:29:01:: | definition=eliminate urine | synonyms=urinate, piddle, puddle, micturate, piss, pee | examples=Again, the cat had made on the expensive rug

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: "make"
    *   Target surface form: "made"
    *   Context sentence: "The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and <t>made</t> as much noise as a shadow."
    *   Context analysis: The sentence compares a man to a shadow. A shadow is silent. Therefore, the man was silent. The construction is "made ... noise". "Make noise" is a common collocation. Here, it describes the production of sound.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   *Sense 1:* "engage in" -> synonyms: do. Examples: make love, make an effort. (Too generic, doesn't fit "make noise").
    *   *Sense 2:* "give certain properties to something" -> synonyms: get. Examples: get someone mad. (Causative, not applicable here).
    *   *Sense 3:* "make or cause to be or to become" -> synonyms: create. Examples: make a mess, create a furor. (Possible, creating noise).
    *   *Sense 4:* "cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner" -> synonyms: induce. (Causative action, not fitting).
    *   *Sense 5:* "give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally" -> synonyms: cause, do. Examples: cause a commotion, make a stir. (Very close to "create/cause", often used with abstract events).
    *   *Sense 6:* "create or manufacture a man-made product" -> synonyms: produce. (Physical objects).
    *   *Sense 7:* "make, formulate, or derive in the mind". (Mental).
    *   *Sense 8:* "compel or make somebody or something to act". (Causative).
    *   *Sense 16:* "perform or carry out" -> examples: make a decision, make a move. (Specific collocations).
    *   *Sense 26:* "organize or be responsible for" -> examples: make a party. (Events).
    *   *Sense 38:* "gather and light the materials for" -> make a fire. (Specific).

3.  **Deep dive into specific senses for "make noise":**
    *   "Make noise" implies producing sound.
    *   Let's look for "produce" or "create" or "cause".
    *   Sense 3: "make or cause to be or to become" | synonyms: create | examples: make a mess in one's office; create a furor.
    *   Sense 5: "give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally" | synonyms: cause, do | examples: cause a commotion; make a stir.
    *   Sense 6: "create or manufacture a man-made product" | synonyms: produce, create | examples: We produce more cars...

    Let's look at the nuances.
    "Make a mess" (Sense 3) results in a state/mess.
    "Make a stir/commotion" (Sense 5) refers to an event/happening. Noise can be an event or a product.
    However, there is often a specific sense for "produce" in a general sense (like sound).

    Let's look at Sense 3 again: "make or cause to be or to become". If I make noise, I cause noise to exist.
    Let's look at Sense 5: "give rise to; cause to happen or occur". A noise happens.
    Let's look at Sense 26: "organize or be responsible for". (No).

    Let's consider the synonyms provided in the list.
    Sense 6 has "produce". "Make noise" ~= "Produce noise".
    Sense 3 has "create".

    Let's look for a sense that fits "produce" or "generate" (often used for sound/light).
    Sense 3: "make or cause to be or to become". This is a very broad "create" sense.
    Sense 5: "cause to happen or occur". "Noise" can be viewed as an occurrence ("a noise") or a substance ("noise").
    In the text: "made as much noise as a shadow". Here "noise" is uncountable (substance/phenomenon).
    Sense 5 examples are "commotion" (event), "stir" (event).
    Sense 3 examples are "mess" (state/object), "furor" (event).

    Let's check WordNet hierarchy (implicitly).
    "Make noise" is often mapped to a generic "produce/elicit" sense.
    Let's look at Sense 6: "create or manufacture a man-made product". Synonyms: "produce". This is usually for concrete objects (cars, toys). Noise is not a "man-made product" in the industrial sense, though it is produced.

    Let's look at Sense 3 vs Sense 5.
    Sense 3 definition: "make or cause to be or to become".
    Sense 5 definition: "give rise to; cause to happen or occur".

    "Make noise" involves the emission of sound.
    Is there a sense about generating physical phenomena?
    Sometimes Sense 5 covers "make a difference" or similar effects.
    Sometimes Sense 3 covers creating a result.

    Let's compare with Sense 13: "reach a goal". No.
    Let's compare with Sense 16: "perform or carry out". "Make a decision". No.

    Let's look closely at Sense 5: "give rise to; cause to happen or occur".
    Does a shadow "cause noise to happen"? Or does a shadow "produce noise"?
    "The man ... made ... noise".
    He generated sound.
    Is there a sense for "produce"?
    Sense 6 mentions "produce" but limits it to "man-made product".
    Sense 3 mentions "create".

    Let's check standard WSD mappings for "make noise".
    In WordNet 3.0/3.1:
    make%2:36:00:: (Sense 3 in this list) is often "create".
    make%2:36:05:: (Sense 5 in this list) is "cause to happen or occur".

    "Noise" is an event/sensation.
    If I say "He made a sound", is the sound "created/caused to be" or "caused to happen"?
    Usually, "make a sound" aligns with "produce".
    Is there a sense strictly for "produce"?
    Look at Sense 3: "make or cause to be or to become". Examples: "make a mess". A mess is a state. Noise is a state of the air? Or an event?
    Look at Sense 5: "cause to happen or occur". Examples: "make a stir". A stir is an event/happening. Noise is often an event ("a noise") or continuous phenomenon.
    Context: "made as much noise as a shadow".
    A shadow makes zero noise.
    This is the "produce" meaning.

    Let's differentiate Sense 3 and 5.
    Sense 3 (create/become): "make a mess", "create a furor". A furor is an event, similar to a commotion.
    Sense 5 (cause to happen): "cause a commotion", "make a stir".
    The distinction is subtle.
    Sense 3 is often creation of an entity or state.
    Sense 5 is often causing an event.

    However, there is another candidate: Sense 1 "engage in". "Make war". "Make love". No, "make noise" isn't really an activity one engages in in that sense (like a project).
    Sense 16 "perform or carry out". "Make a decision". No.

    Let's check Sense 26: "organize or be responsible for". "Make a party". No.

    Let's check Sense 6: "create or manufacture a man-made product". Synonyms: produce. If we ignore the "man-made product" constraint in the definition and focus on the synonym "produce", it fits best linguistically. But the definition specifically mentions "cars", "toys". Noise isn't that.

    Let's reconsider Sense 3 vs Sense 5.
    Oxford dictionaries define "make" in "make a noise" as "cause to exist or happen".
    WordNet Sense 3: "make or cause to be or to become".
    WordNet Sense 5: "give rise to; cause to happen or occur".

    If I look at "make a mess" (Sense 3), I created a mess.
    If I look at "cause a commotion" (Sense 5), I caused an event.
    Is noise a thing (Sense 3) or an event (Sense 5)?
    "Noise" is treated as a noun.
    Sense 3 covers "create".
    Sense 5 covers "cause".
    Usually, "make noise" is treated under the general productive sense.

    Let's look at Sense 5 again. "give rise to".
    Let's look at Sense 3 again. "make or cause to be or to become".

    Let's check the examples for Sense 5: "cause a commotion", "make a stir".
    Let's check the examples for Sense 3: "make a mess", "create a furor".
    "Create a furor" (Sense 3) and "Make a stir" (Sense 5) are very similar.
    However, "make a mess" is creating a state. "Make noise" creates the presence of sound.

    Let's look at Sense 17: "make by combining materials and parts". No.
    Sense 9: "create by artistic means". No.

    Let's try to find a "produce" sense that isn't industrial.
    Sense 3 ("create") seems the most general "bring into existence" sense.
    Sense 5 ("cause to happen") seems to apply to events.

    Does "make noise" create a thing? "Sound".
    Or cause an event? "A noise".
    The context uses uncountable "noise".
    "He made noise." (He produced sound).
    This feels like Sense 3 ("create"). Creating the sound.
    Although Sense 5 ("give rise to") is also very close.

    Let's check a linguistic resource or corpus pattern for "make noise".
    Often mapped to `make%2:36:00::` (Sense 3 - create) or `make%2:30:00::` (Sense 2 - give properties? No).
    Wait, let's check Sense 26 (organize) vs Sense 3.
    Actually, Sense 3 is the broad "create" sense.
    Sense 5 is "cause to happen".
    When you make noise, you *produce* sound.
    Sense 3 includes "create" as a synonym.
    Sense 6 includes "produce" as a synonym but restricts to products.

    Let's look at the distinction between Sense 3 and Sense 5 in WordNet.
    Sense 3 (make%2:36:00): "make or cause to be or to become". Hyponyms: create, recreate, procreate, beget, bring forth, generate, originate, spawn, breed...
    Sense 5 (make%2:36:05): "give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally". Hyponyms: instigate, incite, stir up, raise, provoke, kindle, evoke...

    "Make noise" is usually bringing sound into existence.
    Is it "raising/creating a sound"? Or "causing a noise event"?
    Usually, "make a sound" is considered "produce".
    Sense 3 has the synonym "create".
    Sense 5 has the synonym "cause".
    "Make noise" is synonymous with "create noise" (produce).
    "Make a disturbance" is synonymous with "cause a disturbance". "Commotion" and "stir" in Sense 5 fit the "disturbance" profile.
    Noise can be a disturbance, but here it's just volume/sound.
    "Creating sound" feels closer to Sense 3.

    Let's look at Sense 3's examples again: "make a mess", "create a furor".
    "Make a mess" is bringing a state into existence.
    "Make noise" is bringing sound into existence.
    Sense 5's examples "cause a commotion" imply causing an event/situation which is dynamic.
    While noise is dynamic (waves), linguistically "noise" is often the product of the action.
    Therefore, Sense 3 ("create/produce") is a better fit than Sense 5 ("cause event").

    Let's check if there is any other sense.
    Sense 16 "perform or carry out". "Make a decision". No.
    Sense 1 "engage in". No.

    Let's verify Sense 3.
    Sense 3: make%2:36:00:: | definition=make or cause to be or to become | synonyms=create | examples=make a mess in one's office; create a furor.
    This sense is the general "creation" sense.
    "Make noise" = Create noise.

    Let's verify Sense 5.
    Sense 5: make%2:36:05:: | definition=give rise to; cause to happen or occur | synonyms=cause, do | examples=cause a commotion; make a stir.
    "Make a stir" is similar to "make a scene" or "make a fuss".
    "Make noise" is more fundamental. It's the production of the sound itself.
    If the text was "made a scene", Sense 5 would be better.
    Since it is "made noise", Sense 3 is the standard mapping for "produce (sound/light)".

    Let's double check Sense 6: "produce... man-made product".
    Usually WSD systems map "make noise" to Sense 3 (create) or sometimes Sense 5 (cause) depending on the granularity, but Sense 3 is the core 'creation' node for non-industrial, non-artistic creation.
    "Make a mess" (Sense 3) is a strong parallel. A mess is not a man-made product in the sense of a car, but it is a created state. Noise is a created phenomenon.
    Sense 5 "give rise to" often implies an indirect causation or an abstract event ("commotion").
    Direct production of sound ("make noise") aligns with "create" (Sense 3).

    Let's check Sense 24: "carry out or commit". "Make a mistake". No.

    Decision: Sense 3 fits "create/produce" best for "make noise".
    Sense 3: "make or cause to be or to become" (create).
    Context: "made ... noise".
    Meaning: Produced noise.
    Synonym: Create.
    Mapping: Sense 3.

    Wait, let me check Sense 5 again. "Give rise to".
    "The generator made a humming noise."
    "The bell made a loud noise."
    "Make a mess" (Sense 3).
    "Make a mistake" (Sense 24).
    "Make a difference" (Sense 33).
    "Make money" (Sense 10).

    In WordNet 3.0:
    The "make noise" concept often falls under Sense 3 (create) because you are creating the sound.
    Sense 5 ("cause to happen") is often for events like "make trouble", "make a scene", "make waves".
    Noise, while an event acoustically, is often treated as the 'stuff' produced in this collocation.
    "Stop making that noise!" -> "Stop creating that noise."
    Therefore Sense 3 is preferred over Sense 5.

    Let's check the "create a furor" example in Sense 3. A furor is an event. This confirms Sense 3 can handle events/products.
    Sense 5 "make a stir". Stir is an event.
    The distinction is subtle, but "make a mess" (Sense 3) is the strongest clue. You "make a mess" (result is a mess). You "make noise" (result is noise).
    Sense 5 "make a stir" (result is that a stir happens).
    The focus in Sense 3 seems to be on the *resultant entity/state*.
    The focus in Sense 5 seems to be on the *occurrence*.
    "Noise" here is the resultant phenomenon. "He made as much noise as a shadow" -> He produced as much sound. The noise is the thing produced.
    So Sense 3 is appropriate.

    Let's check if there is a "produce" sense without "man-made product" restriction.
    Sense 3 is the one.

    Final check:
    Sense 3: "make or cause to be or to become" | synonyms=create | examples=make a mess...
    Target: "made ... noise".
    Fit: Excellent. "Create noise".

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: noise
Target surface form: noise
Context:
In fact, he had only mentioned him on the spur of the moment. His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down. The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much <t>noise</t> as a shadow. Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=noise%1:11:00:: | definition=sound of any kind (especially unintelligible or dissonant sound) | examples=he enjoyed the street noises; they heard indistinct noises of people talking
2. sense_key=noise%1:09:00:: | definition=the auditory experience of sound that lacks musical quality; sound that is a disagreeable auditory experience | synonyms=dissonance, racket | examples=modern music is just noise to me
3. sense_key=noise%1:11:01:: | definition=electrical or acoustic activity that can disturb communication | synonyms=interference, disturbance
4. sense_key=noise%1:10:00:: | definition=a loud outcry of protest or complaint | examples=the announcement of the election recount caused a lot of noise; whatever it was he didn't like it and he was going to let them know by making as loud a noise as he could
5. sense_key=noise%1:07:01:: | definition=incomprehensibility resulting from irrelevant information or meaningless facts or remarks | examples=all the noise in his speech concealed the fact that he didn't have anything to say
6. sense_key=noise%1:07:00:: | definition=the quality of lacking any predictable order or plan | synonyms=randomness, haphazardness, stochasticity

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "noise" is being used.

The context describes a man (Haney) who notices a stranger sitting across from him at a table. The stranger is described as "uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow."

The comparison "made as much noise as a shadow" is key here. A shadow is silent - it makes no sound at all. So the stranger was extremely quiet, making almost no sound when he sat down, which is why Haney didn't notice him.

Let me evaluate the candidate senses:

1. noise%1:11:00:: - "sound of any kind (especially unintelligible or dissonant sound)"
   This is the general sense of noise as any sound. In context, saying someone made "as much noise as a shadow" means they made almost no sound at all - which would fit this general sense of "noise" meaning "sound."

2. noise%1:09:00:: - "the auditory experience of sound that lacks musical quality; sound that is a disagreeable auditory experience"
   This is about unpleasant, non-musical sound. The context isn't about disagreeable sound or lack of musical quality.

3. noise%1:11:01:: - "electrical or acoustic activity that can disturb communication"
   This is about interference/disturbance. Not relevant to this context.

4. noise%1:10:00:: - "a loud outcry of protest or complaint"
   This is about vocal protest or complaint. Not relevant.

5. noise%1:07:01:: - "incomprehensibility resulting from irrelevant information or meaningless facts or remarks"
   This is about meaningless information. Not relevant.

6. sense_key=noise%1:07:00:: - "the quality of lacking any predictable order or plan"
   This is about randomness. Not relevant.

The best fit is sense 1 - the general sense of "noise" as "sound of any kind." The phrase "made as much noise as a shadow" is using "noise" in the sense of "sound" - meaning the stranger made almost no sound at all, similar to how a shadow makes no sound.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: shadow
Target surface form: shadow
Context:
In fact, he had only mentioned him on the spur of the moment. His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down. The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a <t>shadow</t>. Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=shadow%1:26:01:: | definition=shade within clear boundaries
2. sense_key=shadow%1:15:00:: | definition=an unilluminated area | synonyms=darkness, dark | examples=he moved off into the darkness
3. sense_key=shadow%1:09:00:: | definition=something existing in perception only | synonyms=apparition, phantom, phantasm, phantasma, fantasm | examples=a ghostly apparition at midnight
4. sense_key=shadow%1:12:00:: | definition=a premonition of something adverse | examples=a shadow over his happiness
5. sense_key=shadow%1:10:00:: | definition=an indication that something has been present | synonyms=trace, vestige, tincture | examples=there wasn't a trace of evidence for the claim; a tincture of condescension
6. sense_key=shadow%1:07:00:: | definition=refuge from danger or observation | examples=he felt secure in his father's shadow
7. sense_key=shadow%1:26:00:: | definition=a dominating and pervasive presence | examples=he received little recognition working in the shadow of his father
8. sense_key=shadow%1:18:00:: | definition=a spy employed to follow someone and report their movements | synonyms=tail, shadower
9. sense_key=shadow%1:18:01:: | definition=an inseparable companion | examples=the poor child was his mother's shadow

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "shadow" is being used here.

The context describes a stranger who has silently appeared across from the main character. The key phrases are:
- "The man was uncanny, like a shadow"
- "made as much noise as a shadow"

The comparison is emphasizing the man's silent, barely noticeable presence. He appeared without being noticed, and the narrator is comparing his quietness and near-invisibility to that of a shadow.

Let me evaluate the candidate senses:

1. "shade within clear boundaries" - This refers to a visual shadow cast by an object. Not quite what's being described here, though it's related.

2. "an unilluminated area; darkness, dark" - This refers to darkness or an area without light. Not the primary meaning here.

3. "something existing in perception only; apparition, phantom" - This refers to something insubstantial or ghostly. The context does suggest something uncanny and barely noticeable, almost ghost-like in its silent appearance. This seems closer to the intended meaning.

4. "a premonition of something adverse" - Not related to the context.

5. "an indication that something has been present; trace, vestige" - Not related to the context.

6. "refuge from danger or observation" - Not related to the context.

7. "a dominating and pervasive presence" - Not related to the context.

8. "a spy employed to follow someone and report their movements; tail, shadower" - This could be relevant given the stranger seems to be following/watching the main character, but the comparison is specifically about his quietness and near-invisibility, not his role as a spy.

9. "an inseparable companion" - Not directly related to the context.

The context emphasizes the man's silent, uncanny, barely noticeable presence. He appeared without being noticed, almost like a ghost or phantom. The comparison "like a shadow" is highlighting his ethereal, insubstantial quality - how he seemed to appear out of nowhere without sound, almost as if he wasn't fully real.

Sense 3 "something existing in perception only; apparition, phantom" best captures this ghostly, insubstantial quality that the narrator is comparing to a shadow. The stranger seems to have appeared almost magically, without being noticed, giving him an uncanny, almost phantom-like quality.

However, I should also consider that the comparison might be more literal - shadows make no noise and can appear suddenly and silently. In that case, sense 1 "shade within clear boundaries" might be more appropriate.

Let me reconsider. The comparison is about the man's noiselessness and sudden appearance. Shadows don't make noise and can appear when light changes. The man is being compared to this quality of a shadow - not necessarily to a phantom or apparition, but to a literal shadow's silent, sudden presence.

Sense 1 "shade within clear boundaries" refers to a literal shadow cast by an object. This seems to be the literal comparison being made - the man is as quiet and suddenly present as a shadow.

But sense 3 also has merit because the context describes the man as "uncanny" and "ghostly," suggesting a comparison to something insubstantial or phantom-like.

Looking more carefully at the context: "The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow." This suggests the comparison is primarily about the shadow's noiselessness and uncanny quality of appearing without being noticed.

I believe sense 3 "something existing in perception only; apparition, phantom" best captures the uncanny, phantom-like quality being emphasized in the comparison, even though it also alludes to the literal shadow's noiselessness.

Actually, let me reconsider once more. The primary comparison seems to be about the shadow's silence and ability to appear without being noticed. While "uncanny" suggests something supernatural or ghostly, the specific qualities being compared are noiselessness and the ability to appear suddenly.

Sense 1 "shade within clear boundaries" refers to the literal shadow cast by an object, which matches the primary comparison being made - shadows make no noise and can appear silently.

However, sense 3 "something existing in perception only; apparition, phantom" also fits well because the context describes the man as "uncanny," suggesting something ghostly or supernatural.

Given the context emphasizes both the uncanny quality and the noiselessness, I believe sense 3 is the better fit. The comparison to a shadow is emphasizing the man's almost ghost-like quality of appearing silently and unexpectedly.

Upon final consideration, I choose sense 3.

provider: Chutes


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: shrink
Target surface form: shrinking
Context:
His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down. The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow. Haney felt like <t>shrinking</t> out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man. He began to wish that he hadn't shouted that other evening when the truck bore down through the crossing.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=shrink%2:30:02:: | definition=wither, as with a loss of moisture | synonyms=shrivel, shrivel up, wither | examples=The fruit dried and shriveled
2. sense_key=shrink%2:38:00:: | definition=draw back, as with fear or pain | synonyms=flinch, squinch, funk, cringe, wince, recoil | examples=she flinched when they showed the slaughtering of the calf
3. sense_key=shrink%2:30:01:: | definition=reduce in size; reduce physically | synonyms=reduce | examples=Hot water will shrink the sweater; Can you shrink this image?
4. sense_key=shrink%2:30:00:: | definition=become smaller or draw together | synonyms=contract | examples=The fabric shrank; The balloon shrank
5. sense_key=shrink%2:30:11:: | definition=decrease in size, range, or extent | synonyms=shrivel | examples=His earnings shrank; My courage shrivelled when I saw the task before me

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   **Target:** "shrinking" (lemma: shrink).
    *   **Sentence:** "Haney felt like <t>shrinking</t> out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man."
    *   **Narrative situation:** The character Haney is drinking, feels threatened or uncomfortable by a "stranger" (Pete) who appeared silently. Haney wants to disappear or hide because he feels "trapped" and the man is "uncanny."
    *   **Meaning:** Haney wants to make himself small or disappear from view to avoid the interaction. It's a psychological reaction to a social situation (wanting to hide/withdraw).

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `shrink%2:30:02::` | Definition: "wither, as with a loss of moisture" | Synonyms: shrivel, wither | Examples: "The fruit dried and shriveled".
        *   *Evaluation:* This refers to biological drying. Haney isn't drying up like a fruit. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 2:** `shrink%2:38:00::` | Definition: "draw back, as with fear or pain" | Synonyms: flinch, squinch, funk, cringe, wince, recoil | Examples: "she flinched when they showed the slaughtering of the calf".
        *   *Evaluation:* This involves a physical reaction to a stimulus (fear/pain). While Haney is uncomfortable, the phrase "shrinking out of sight" implies moving away or reducing one's presence to hide, rather than a sudden involuntary spasm like "flinching" or "wincing." However, "cringe" or "draw back" fits the emotional state. Let's look at the others.

    *   **Sense 3:** `shrink%2:30:01::` | Definition: "reduce in size; reduce physically" | Synonyms: reduce | Examples: "Hot water will shrink the sweater".
        *   *Evaluation:* This is a transitive sense (usually), or refers to an object becoming smaller physically. Haney isn't reducing the size of an object, nor is he literally becoming physically smaller in size (though metaphorically he wants to). This doesn't capture the motion or intent of "out of sight."

    *   **Sense 4:** `shrink%2:30:00::` | Definition: "become smaller or draw together" | Synonyms: contract | Examples: "The fabric shrank; The balloon shrank".
        *   *Evaluation:* Intransitive sense of becoming physically smaller. Similar to Sense 3, but intransitive. "Shrinking out of sight" implies a motion of withdrawal or becoming inconspicuous, rather than the physical contraction of a material.

    *   **Sense 5:** `shrink%2:30:11::` | Definition: "decrease in size, range, or extent" | Synonyms: shrivel | Examples: "His earnings shrank; My courage shrivelled when I saw the task before me".
        *   *Evaluation:* Abstract reduction (earnings, courage). While Haney might feel his courage shrinking, the specific phrase is "shrinking out of sight." This is an idiom/collocation meaning to withdraw or hide.

3.  **Re-evaluating Sense 2 vs. others:**
    *   The phrase "shrink from" or "shrink away" or "shrink out of sight" often aligns with the concept of recoiling or drawing back in fear/aversion.
    *   Let's look at the specific nuances.
    *   Sense 2 (draw back, as with fear) is the closest fit for an animate agent reacting to a threatening situation. The synonyms "cringe" or "recoil" or "draw back" are actions a person does to avoid something or express aversion.
    *   The context says he felt like "shrinking out of sight." This implies a desire to withdraw or become invisible due to the "uncanny" nature of the stranger and being "trapped."
    *   Sense 2's definition "draw back" fits the motion implied by "out of sight."
    *   Sense 4 (become smaller) is literal physical contraction.
    *   Is there a sense for "become less visible" or "cower"?
    *   Sense 2 synonyms: flinch, squinch, funk, cringe, wince, recoil. "Funk" (in the sense of cowering) and "cringe" and "recoil" fit the idea of trying to get away or make oneself small to avoid attention.
    *   Comparing Sense 2 and Sense 4: Sense 4 is about physics (balloons, fabric). Sense 2 is about emotional/physical reaction of living beings (fear/pain). Haney is a living being reacting to a social threat (fear/discomfort). Therefore, Sense 2 is the category to look at.
    *   Does Sense 2 cover "shrinking out of sight"? Yes, "drawing back" captures the withdrawal. The specific idiom "shrink away/out of sight" falls under the semantic domain of withdrawing/recoiling.

    Let's check if there's a better match for "shrinking out of sight".
    Often, dictionaries distinguish between:
    1. Physically becoming smaller (clothes, balloons). (Sense 1, 3, 4, 5).
    2. Recoiling/drawing back in fear/dread (Sense 2).

    Haney feels uncomfortable/threatened. He wants to withdraw. He wants to "draw back" or "recoil" so effectively that he disappears "out of sight."
    The core semantic component here is the *reaction to fear/discomfort* leading to *withdrawal*.
    Sense 2: "draw back, as with fear or pain".
    This matches the motivation (fear/discomfort/aversion) and the action (drawing back/withdrawing).

    Sense 5 examples: "earnings shrank", "courage shrivelled". This is figurative reduction. "Shrinking out of sight" is a physical/behavioral action (or desire for one), not a metaphorical reduction of an abstract quantity like earnings.

    Therefore, Sense 2 is the only one dealing with the animate behavior of withdrawing due to emotion.

    *Self-Correction/Refinement:*
    The phrase "shrinking out of sight" might seem like it means "getting smaller" (Sense 4), but in narrative descriptions of human behavior, this usually maps to the "cringe/cower/recoil" sense (Sense 2). One "shrinks away" or "shrinks back."
    WordNet organizes senses by semantic class.
    2:38:00 is under "verb.body" or "verb.motion" (usually motion/reaction).
    2:30:00/01 are "verb.change" (change of state).

    "Shrinking out of sight" is a motion/change of position (withdrawal), not a change of physical state of the body (becoming tiny). It describes the act of cowering or recoiling.
    Therefore, the sense must be Sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: trap
Target surface form: trapped
Context:
His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down. The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow. Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already <t>trapped</t> in the corner with the wiry, dark little man. He began to wish that he hadn't shouted that other evening when the truck bore down through the crossing.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=trap%2:41:00:: | definition=place in a confining or embarrassing position | synonyms=pin down | examples=He was trapped in a difficult situation
2. sense_key=trap%2:35:00:: | definition=catch in or as if in a trap | synonyms=entrap, snare, ensnare, trammel | examples=The men trap foxes
3. sense_key=trap%2:35:01:: | definition=hold or catch as if in a trap | examples=The gaps between the teeth trap food particles
4. sense_key=trap%2:35:02:: | definition=to hold fast or prevent from moving | synonyms=pin, immobilize, immobilise | examples=The child was pinned under the fallen tree

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   **Sentence:** "Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man."
    *   **Situation:** The character Haney is in a bar/restaurant setting. He wants to hide or leave ("shrinking out of sight"), but he is physically located in a corner booth/seat.
    *   **Constraint:** He is "in the corner" with another person. He cannot easily leave or escape the social situation because of his position.
    *   **Nuance:** It's not necessarily a physical snare or a metal trap. It's a situational constraint. He is confined by his location (the corner) and the presence of the other man. It feels embarrassing or awkward ("fellow conspirators", "secret smile", he didn't notice him sit down).

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `trap%2:41:00::` | definition="place in a confining or embarrassing position" | synonyms="pin down" | examples="He was trapped in a difficult situation".
        *   *Fit:* This definition mentions "embarrassing position" or "confining" position. Haney is physically confined in a corner (confining) and feels awkward/wishes to shrink away (embarrassing/uncomfortable). The example "trapped in a difficult situation" aligns well with the metaphorical/physical blend of being stuck in a social interaction.

    *   **Sense 2:** `trap%2:35:00::` | definition="catch in or as if in a trap" | synonyms="entrap, snare, ensnare, trammel" | examples="The men trap foxes".
        *   *Fit:* This usually implies an active attempt to catch someone/something (hunting, police stings). While the stranger is "uncanny", there is no indication the stranger *set a trap* to catch Haney. Haney just found himself there. "Entrap/snare" feels too active and predator-prey specific in a literal or legal sense.

    *   **Sense 3:** `trap%2:35:01::` | definition="hold or catch as if in a trap" | examples="The gaps between the teeth trap food particles".
        *   *Fit:* This is often used for physical objects catching other objects (teeth trapping food, filters trapping dirt). It doesn't fit the human social/positional context well.

    *   **Sense 4:** `trap%2:35:02::` | definition="to hold fast or prevent from moving" | synonyms="pin, immobilize, immobilise" | examples="The child was pinned under the fallen tree".
        *   *Fit:* This implies physical immobilization (like being trapped under rubble or pinned down by a heavy object). Haney is not physically pinned down or unable to move his limbs; he is stuck in a *location* (the corner) due to seating arrangements and social pressure. While he is "prevented from moving" in a broad sense, sense 4 usually implies physical force or weight.

3.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 2/4:**

    *   Sense 4 is too physical/mechanical (pinned under a tree).
    *   Sense 2 is about the act of catching (snaring a fox).
    *   Sense 1 specifically mentions "place in a confining or embarrassing position". Haney is in a corner (confining geometry) and wants to shrink away but cannot (embarrassing/uncomfortable social bind). This matches the phrase "trapped in the corner" perfectly when referring to a person in a room/booth.

    *   *Check definitions again:* WordNet 3.1 or similar mappings often distinguish between the "hunting" sense and the "difficult situation" sense.
    *   Sense 1 (2:41:00) refers to the state of being in a difficult or confining spot. "He was trapped in the corner" is a classic example of this sense. It combines physical constraint (the corner) with the inability to escape a situation.

4.  **Conclusion:** Sense 1 is the best fit. It captures the "confining position" aspect of being in a corner booth and the negative/helpless feeling associated with it.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: corner
Target surface form: corner
Context:
His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down. The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow. Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the <t>corner</t> with the wiry, dark little man. He began to wish that he hadn't shouted that other evening when the truck bore down through the crossing.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=corner%1:15:02:: | definition=a place off to the side of an area | examples=he tripled to the rightfield corner; the southeastern corner of the Mediterranean
2. sense_key=corner%1:15:00:: | definition=the point where two lines meet or intersect | examples=the corners of a rectangle
3. sense_key=corner%1:06:02:: | definition=an interior angle formed by two meeting walls | synonyms=nook | examples=a piano was in one corner of the room
4. sense_key=corner%1:06:00:: | definition=the intersection of two streets | synonyms=street corner, turning point | examples=standing on the corner watching all the girls go by
5. sense_key=corner%1:15:01:: | definition=the point where three areas or surfaces meet or intersect | examples=the corners of a cube
6. sense_key=corner%1:25:00:: | definition=a small concavity | synonyms=recess, recession, niche
7. sense_key=corner%1:26:00:: | definition=a temporary monopoly on a kind of commercial trade | examples=a corner on the silver market
8. sense_key=corner%1:26:01:: | definition=a predicament from which a skillful or graceful escape is impossible | synonyms=box | examples=his lying got him into a tight corner
9. sense_key=corner%1:17:00:: | definition=a projecting part where two sides or edges meet | examples=he knocked off the corners
10. sense_key=corner%1:15:03:: | definition=a remote area | examples=in many corners of the world they still practice slavery
11. sense_key=corner%1:06:01:: | definition=(architecture) solid exterior angle of a building; especially one formed by a cornerstone | synonyms=quoin

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "corner" in the context: "Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man."

Let me analyze the context:
- Haney is sitting at a table in what seems to be a bar or similar establishment
- He's drinking (hairy highball)
- A stranger has sat down across from him
- Haney feels "trapped in the corner" with this man
- This is a physical location - he's literally in a corner of the room

Let me evaluate the senses:

1. sense_key=corner%1:15:02:: - "a place off to the side of an area" - This could work, but it's more general.

2. sense_key=corner%1:15:00:: - "the point where two lines meet or intersect" - This is geometric, not physical space.

3. sense_key=corner%1:06:02:: - "an interior angle formed by two meeting walls" with synonym "nook" and example "a piano was in one corner of the room" - This seems most appropriate. Haney is physically in a corner of a room, which would be an interior angle formed by two meeting walls. The synonym "nook" fits well with being "trapped" in a corner.

4. sense_key=corner%1:06:00:: - "the intersection of two streets" - This is for outdoor street corners, not applicable.

5. sense_key=corner%1:15:01:: - "the point where three areas or surfaces meet or intersect" - This is for 3D objects like cubes.

6. sense_key=corner%1:25:00:: - "a small concavity" with synonyms "recess, recession, niche" - This could potentially work, but it's more about a small recessed area.

7. sense_key=corner%1:26:00:: - "a temporary monopoly on a kind of commercial trade" - Not applicable.

8. sense_key=corner%1:26:01:: - "a predicament from which a skillful or graceful escape is impossible" with synonym "box" - While the metaphor of being "trapped in a corner" could evoke this sense, the context clearly describes a physical location in a room. However, the word "trapped" does suggest there might be a metaphorical element. But reading more carefully, he's literally physically trapped in a corner of the room with this man.

9. sense_key=corner%1:17:00:: - "a projecting part where two sides or edges meet" - This is for exterior corners.

10. sense_key=corner%1:15:03:: - "a remote area" - Not applicable.

11. sense_key=corner%1:06:01:: - "solid exterior angle of a building" - This is architectural, exterior.

The best fit is sense 3: "an interior angle formed by two meeting walls" with synonym "nook". This describes a corner of a room where someone could be physically trapped/situated.

Wait, let me reconsider. The context says he's "trapped in the corner" - this is a physical location in what appears to be a bar or similar indoor space. He's sitting at a table (presumably in a corner booth or corner table), and the stranger has trapped him there.

Sense 3: "an interior angle formed by two meeting walls" with synonym "nook" and example "a piano was in one corner of the room" - This perfectly describes being in a corner of an indoor space like a bar.

The answer is sense_index: 3


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: wiry
Target surface form: wiry
Context:
His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down. The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow. Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the <t>wiry</t>, dark little man. He began to wish that he hadn't shouted that other evening when the truck bore down through the crossing.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=wiry%5:00:00:thin:03 | definition=lean and sinewy | synonyms=stringy
2. sense_key=wiry%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to wire
3. sense_key=wiry%5:00:00:hairy:00 | definition=of hair that resembles wire in stiffness | examples=wiry red hair

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target word: "wiry" (adjective).
    *   Context sentence: "Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man."
    *   The word describes a man ("the wiry, dark little man").

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `wiry%5:00:00:thin:03`
        *   Definition: "lean and sinewy"
        *   Synonyms: stringy
        *   Usage: Describing body type (thin but strong/muscular).

    *   **Sense 2:** `wiry%3:01:00::`
        *   Definition: "of or relating to wire"
        *   Usage: Pertaining to the material wire (e.g., wiry plants, wiry texture in a literal material sense). This is usually used for plants or objects, rarely directly for a human unless it's a metaphorical extension already covered by Sense 1.

    *   **Sense 3:** `wiry%5:00:00:hairy:00`
        *   Definition: "of hair that resembles wire in stiffness"
        *   Examples: "wiry red hair"
        *   Usage: Describing hair texture.

3.  **Evaluate senses against context:**
    *   The context describes a "wiry, dark little man."
    *   Sense 3 (hair) is unlikely because the adjective modifies "man" directly. While a man can have wiry hair, the syntax "wiry ... man" usually describes the man's build. If it described his hair, it would likely be "the little man with wiry hair" or similar. However, "wiry" is a common descriptor for a lean, tough physique.
    *   Sense 2 (relating to wire) doesn't fit a human description directly in this phrasing.
    *   Sense 1 (lean and sinewy) fits perfectly. A "wiry man" is a standard collocation describing someone who is thin but strong/tough.

4.  **Conclusion:**
    *   The phrase "wiry ... man" describes his physique.
    *   Sense 1 is the correct fit.

5.  **Formulate the output:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object with the index.
    *   Index 1 corresponds to "lean and sinewy".

    JSON: `{"sense_index": 1}`


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: little
Target surface form: little
Context:
His real grievance was Lolly. Toward the end of his fourth hairy highball, while he was moodily making wet rings on the table-top with the bottom of the glass, he became aware that he was not alone. He looked up with bloodshot eyes and beheld the stranger sitting across the table, smiling a secret smile at him, as if they were fellow conspirators. He hadn't even noticed -- what was his name? Pete? -- he hadn't seen him sit down. The man was uncanny, like a shadow, and made as much noise as a shadow. Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark <t>little</t> man. He began to wish that he hadn't shouted that other evening when the truck bore down through the crossing.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=little%3:00:01:: | definition=limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent | synonyms=small | examples=a little dining room; a little house
2. sense_key=little%3:00:03:: | definition=(quantifier used with mass nouns) small in quantity or degree; not much or almost none or (with `a') at least some | synonyms=slight | examples=little rain fell in May; gave it little thought
3. sense_key=little%5:00:00:young:00 | definition=(of children and animals) young, immature | synonyms=small | examples=what a big little boy you are; small children
4. sense_key=little%5:00:00:unimportant:00 | definition=(informal) small and of little importance | synonyms=fiddling, footling, lilliputian, niggling, piddling, piffling | examples=a fiddling sum of money; a footling gesture
5. sense_key=little%5:00:00:soft:04 | definition=(of a voice) faint | synonyms=small | examples=a little voice; a still small voice
6. sense_key=little%3:00:00:: | definition=low in stature; not tall | synonyms=short | examples=he was short and stocky; short in stature
7. sense_key=little%5:00:00:lowercase:00 | definition=lowercase | synonyms=minuscule, small | examples=little a; small a
8. sense_key=little%5:00:00:emotional:00 | definition=small in a way that arouses feelings (of tenderness or its opposite depending on the context) | examples=a nice little job; bless your little heart

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "little" used to describe a man: "the wiry, dark little man"

Let me analyze the context:
- The man is described as "wiry, dark little"
- He is compared to a shadow, makes no noise
- The description is physical - "wiry" (thin but strong), "dark" (complexion or hair)

This is clearly about physical stature - the man is short/not tall in height. The word "little" here describes his physical size/stature.

Let me check the candidates:

1. "limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent" - This is more about quantity/extent in general
2. "(quantifier used with mass nouns) small in quantity or degree" - This is about quantity, not applicable
3. "young, immature" - Not applicable to an adult man
4. "small and of little importance" - Not about importance here
5. "faint" (of voice) - Not about voice
6. "low in stature; not tall" - This fits perfectly! The man is short in stature
7. "lowercase" - Not applicable
8. "small in a way that arouses feelings" - Could be possible but less direct

Sense 6 with synonyms "short" and examples like "he was short and stocky; short in stature" fits perfectly. The man is being described as short/small in physical stature.

The answer is sense_index 6.

provider: SiliconFlow