[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: minister
Target surface form: minister
Context:
This is clearly a game where a new economic hegemony is being developed, said Ulate, who also serves as the regional Mexico and Central America climate change adviser for Conservation International. Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political deal at best. The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal early Friday morning. Artur Runge-Metzger, who heads international climate negotiations on behalf of the European Commission, said the push by small island nations has "put political pressure on the entire political process," in part because they are now unified and demanding action from emerging economies such as China and India. The talks took on new urgency as delegates focused on the fact that they must resolve most of the outstanding issues before the heads of government arrive to strike a deal. High-level officials such as Indian environment minister Jairam Ramesh and the Chinese vice <t>minister</t> stepped off planes and raced through the Bella Center's halls to closed-door meetings and news conferences so they could stake out claims that will be arbitrated over the next week. The sheer sprawl of the gathering -- where 13,000 people move in and out of the convention center each day, guitar-playing activists put on nightly shows mocking the countries they think are selling out, and draft proposals are passed hand-to-hand on paper rather than via e-mail -- poses a challenge.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=minister%1:18:00:: | definition=a person authorized to conduct religious worship | synonyms=curate, minister of religion, parson, pastor, rector | examples=clergymen are usually called ministers in Protestant churches
2. sense_key=minister%1:18:02:: | definition=a person appointed to a high office in the government | synonyms=government minister | examples=Minister of Finance
3. sense_key=minister%1:18:01:: | definition=a diplomat representing one government to another; ranks below ambassador | synonyms=diplomatic minister
4. sense_key=minister%1:04:00:: | definition=the job of a head of a government department

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   **Target lemma:** minister
    *   **Target surface form:** minister
    *   **Context:** The text discusses international climate change talks (Copenhagen).
    *   **Specific sentence:** "High-level officials such as Indian environment minister Jairam Ramesh and the Chinese vice <t>minister</t> stepped off planes..."
    *   **Co-text:** The sentence refers to "Indian environment minister Jairam Ramesh" and "the Chinese vice <t>minister</t>". These are government officials attending international negotiations. The text mentions "heads of government", "High-level officials", and "closed-door meetings".

2.  **Analyze candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** "a person authorized to conduct religious worship" (religious figure).
        *   *Analysis:* The context is political/governmental (environment minister, vice minister, climate talks). There is no mention of religion.
        *   *Result:* Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 2:** "a person appointed to a high office in the government" (government minister).
        *   *Analysis:* The text explicitly mentions "Indian environment minister Jairam Ramesh" and "the Chinese vice <t>minister</t>". These are positions within a government structure. A vice minister is a high-ranking government official. This fits perfectly.
        *   *Result:* Strong candidate.

    *   **Sense 3:** "a diplomat representing one government to another; ranks below ambassador" (diplomatic minister).
        *   *Analysis:* While these officials are acting as diplomats in a sense (negotiating), the specific term "vice minister" usually refers to a senior civil servant or political appointee within a specific government department (like the Ministry of Environmental Protection), rather than the specific diplomatic rank of "Minister" (which is a rank below Ambassador, like "Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary"). While they are diplomats *functionally* in this context, the sense definition focuses on the diplomatic rank ("ranks below ambassador"). "Vice minister" is a government rank (Sense 2). Sense 2 captures the role of being a high office holder (like the Minister of Finance example). The "vice minister" is a deputy to the "Minister" (Sense 2).
        *   *Result:* Less precise than Sense 2 for the term "vice minister" in the context of domestic government titles acting internationally.

    *   **Sense 4:** "the job of a head of a government department".
        *   *Analysis:* This defines the *job* or *position* itself as an abstract concept (e.g., "he applied for the minister"), whereas the text refers to a specific person ("the Chinese vice minister stepped off planes"). The text refers to a person holding the office, not the office itself.
        *   *Result:* Sense 2 refers to the "person", Sense 4 refers to the "job". The context involves a person stepping off a plane.

3.  **Select the best sense:**
    *   The context describes high-level government officials (Indian environment minister, Chinese vice minister).
    *   Sense 2 defines "a person appointed to a high office in the government".
    *   "Vice minister" is a deputy high office holder.
    *   Sense 4 is about the job/role abstractly, not the person.
    *   Sense 3 is a specific diplomatic rank, not the general government official title usually implied by "Environment Minister" or "Vice Minister" in news reports about delegation leaders.
    *   Therefore, Sense 2 is the best fit for a person holding a high government office.

4.  **Format Output:**
    *   Instruction: Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": integer}.
    *   Selected index: 2.

    Let's double check Sense 4. Often WordNet distinguishes between the person (1:18:02) and the position (1:04:00).
    Context: "...the Chinese vice <t>minister</t> stepped off planes..." -> "minister" refers to the person here. Sense 2 is "a person...". Sense 4 is "the job...". Sense 2 is correct.

    Let's double check Sense 3. Is a "vice minister" a diplomatic minister? In diplomatic ranks, there are Ambassadors, Ministers, and Charges d'Affaires. A "Vice Minister" in the context of China or other governments usually refers to a deputy head of a ministry (a government official). They are not "Ministers" in the sense of the diplomatic rank *below* ambassador in this context; they are high-ranking government officials representing their country. Sense 2 covers "government minister" generally.

    Conclusion: Sense 2 is the correctchoice.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: plane
Target surface form: planes
Context:
This is clearly a game where a new economic hegemony is being developed, said Ulate, who also serves as the regional Mexico and Central America climate change adviser for Conservation International. Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political deal at best. The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal early Friday morning. Artur Runge-Metzger, who heads international climate negotiations on behalf of the European Commission, said the push by small island nations has "put political pressure on the entire political process," in part because they are now unified and demanding action from emerging economies such as China and India. The talks took on new urgency as delegates focused on the fact that they must resolve most of the outstanding issues before the heads of government arrive to strike a deal. High-level officials such as Indian environment minister Jairam Ramesh and the Chinese vice minister stepped off <t>planes</t> and raced through the Bella Center's halls to closed-door meetings and news conferences so they could stake out claims that will be arbitrated over the next week. The sheer sprawl of the gathering -- where 13,000 people move in and out of the convention center each day, guitar-playing activists put on nightly shows mocking the countries they think are selling out, and draft proposals are passed hand-to-hand on paper rather than via e-mail -- poses a challenge.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=plane%1:06:01:: | definition=an aircraft that has a fixed wing and is powered by propellers or jets | synonyms=airplane, aeroplane | examples=the flight was delayed due to trouble with the airplane
2. sense_key=plane%1:25:00:: | definition=(mathematics) an unbounded two-dimensional shape | synonyms=sheet | examples=we will refer to the plane of the graph as the X-Y plane; any line joining two points on a plane lies wholly on that plane
3. sense_key=plane%1:26:00:: | definition=a level of existence or development | examples=he lived on a worldly plane
4. sense_key=plane%1:06:02:: | definition=a power tool for smoothing or shaping wood | synonyms=planer, planing machine
5. sense_key=plane%1:06:00:: | definition=a carpenter's hand tool with an adjustable blade for smoothing or shaping wood | synonyms=carpenter's plane, woodworking plane | examples=the cabinetmaker used a plane for the finish work

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: plane
    *   Target surface form: planes (plural noun)
    *   Context snippet: "High-level officials such as Indian environment minister Jairam Ramesh and the Chinese vice minister stepped off <t>planes</t> and raced through the Bella Center's halls..."
    *   The context describes officials arriving at a conference (climate change talks in Copenhagen). They "stepped off planes" and went to meetings. This implies a mode of transportation used for international travel.

2.  **Evaluate the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `plane%1:06:01::` | definition=an aircraft that has a fixed wing and is powered by propellers or jets | synonyms=airplane, aeroplane.
        *   *Fit:* High-level officials (ministers) traveling internationally (India/China to Copenhagen) would arrive by aircraft. The phrase "stepped off planes" is a standard collocation for disembarking from aircraft. This fits perfectly.

    *   **Sense 2:** `plane%1:25:00::` | definition=(mathematics) an unbounded two-dimensional shape.
        *   *Fit:* Officials cannot step off a mathematical plane in a physical sense. Inappropriate.

    *   **Sense 3:** `plane%1:26:00::` | definition=a level of existence or development.
        *   *Fit:* Abstract concept. One cannot physically step off a "level of existence" in this context. Inappropriate.

    *   **Sense 4:** `plane%1:06:02::` | definition=a power tool for smoothing or shaping wood.
        *   *Fit:* Officials don't step off power tools. Inappropriate.

    *   **Sense 5:** `plane%1:06:00::` | definition=a carpenter's hand tool...
        *   *Fit:* Officials don't step off hand tools. Inappropriate.

3.  **Select the best sense:**
    *   Sense 1 is the only one that makes sense physically and contextually. Officials travel by aircraft.

4.  **Format the output:**
    *   The instructions say: "Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}."
    *   The chosen sense corresponds to index 1.

    *   Wait, let me double-check the indexing.
        *   1. sense_key=plane%1:06:01:: (aircraft)
        *   2. sense_key=plane%1:25:00:: (math)
        *   3. sense_key=plane%1:26:00:: (level)
        *   4. sense_key=plane%1:06:02:: (power tool)
        *   5. sense_key=plane%1:06:00:: (hand tool)

    *   The correct sense is the first one listed.
    *   Therefore, `sense_index` should be 1.

5.  **Final Output Construction:**
    *   `{"sense_index": 1}`

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: DigitalOcean

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: hall
Target surface form: halls
Context:
This is clearly a game where a new economic hegemony is being developed, said Ulate, who also serves as the regional Mexico and Central America climate change adviser for Conservation International. Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political deal at best. The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal early Friday morning. Artur Runge-Metzger, who heads international climate negotiations on behalf of the European Commission, said the push by small island nations has "put political pressure on the entire political process," in part because they are now unified and demanding action from emerging economies such as China and India. The talks took on new urgency as delegates focused on the fact that they must resolve most of the outstanding issues before the heads of government arrive to strike a deal. High-level officials such as Indian environment minister Jairam Ramesh and the Chinese vice minister stepped off planes and raced through the Bella Center's <t>halls</t> to closed-door meetings and news conferences so they could stake out claims that will be arbitrated over the next week. The sheer sprawl of the gathering -- where 13,000 people move in and out of the convention center each day, guitar-playing activists put on nightly shows mocking the countries they think are selling out, and draft proposals are passed hand-to-hand on paper rather than via e-mail -- poses a challenge.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=hall%1:06:03:: | definition=an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open | synonyms=hallway | examples=the elevators were at the end of the hall
2. sense_key=hall%1:06:05:: | definition=a large entrance or reception room or area | synonyms=anteroom, antechamber, entrance hall, foyer, lobby, vestibule
3. sense_key=hall%1:06:02:: | definition=a large room for gatherings or entertainment | examples=lecture hall; pool hall
4. sense_key=hall%1:06:04:: | definition=a college or university building containing living quarters for students | synonyms=dormitory, dorm, residence hall, student residence
5. sense_key=hall%1:06:06:: | definition=the large room of a manor or castle | synonyms=manor hall
6. sense_key=hall%1:18:04:: | definition=English writer whose novel about a lesbian relationship was banned in Britain for many years (1883-1943) | synonyms=Radclyffe Hall, Marguerite Radclyffe Hall
7. sense_key=hall%1:18:03:: | definition=United States child psychologist whose theories of child psychology strongly influenced educational psychology (1844-1924) | synonyms=G. Stanley Hall, Granville Stanley Hall
8. sense_key=hall%1:18:02:: | definition=United States chemist who developed an economical method of producing aluminum from bauxite (1863-1914) | synonyms=Charles Martin Hall
9. sense_key=hall%1:18:01:: | definition=United States explorer who led three expeditions to the Arctic (1821-1871) | synonyms=Charles Francis Hall
10. sense_key=hall%1:18:00:: | definition=United States astronomer who discovered Phobos and Deimos (the two satellites of Mars) (1829-1907) | synonyms=Asaph Hall
11. sense_key=hall%1:06:07:: | definition=a large and imposing house | synonyms=mansion, mansion house, manse, residence
12. sense_key=hall%1:06:08:: | definition=a large building used by a college or university for teaching or research | examples=halls of learning
13. sense_key=hall%1:06:01:: | definition=a large building for meetings or entertainment

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "halls" in the context: "High-level officials such as Indian environment minister Jairam Ramesh and the Chinese vice minister stepped off planes and raced through the Bella Center's halls to closed-door meetings and news conferences..."

The context describes:
- The Bella Center (a convention center)
- Officials racing through the halls
- Going to closed-door meetings and news conferences
- A gathering of 13,000 people moving in and out of the convention center

This is describing a convention center where people are walking/racing through corridors/passages to get to meetings. The Bella Center is a large conference/convention center in Copenhagen.

Let me evaluate the candidate senses:

1. hall%1:06:03:: - "an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open" - This fits well. In a convention center, halls are the corridors people walk through to get to meeting rooms, conference rooms, etc.

2. hall%1:06:05:: - "a large entrance or reception room or area" - This is more like a lobby/foyer, a specific entrance area, not multiple "halls" that people race through.

3. hall%1:06:02:: - "a large room for gatherings or entertainment" - This could potentially fit (lecture hall, pool hall), but the context suggests people are racing through halls to get to meetings, which implies corridors/passageways more than large gathering rooms.

4. hall%1:06:04:: - "a college or university building containing living quarters for students" - Not relevant here.

5. hall%1:06:06:: - "the large room of a manor or castle" - Not relevant.

6-10. These are all person names (Radclyffe Hall, G. Stanley Hall, etc.) - Not relevant.

11. hall%1:06:07:: - "a large and imposing house" - Not relevant.

12. hall%1:06:08:: - "a large building used by a college or university for teaching or research" - Not relevant.

13. hall%1:06:01:: - "a large building for meetings or entertainment" - This refers to the whole building as a hall, not the internal corridors within a building.

Given the context where people are "racing through the Bella Center's halls" to get to meetings and news conferences, sense 1 (an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open) seems most appropriate. People walk through halls/corridors in a convention center to reach different meeting rooms and conference venues.

The sense_index would be 1.

provider: Friendli


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: meeting
Target surface form: meetings
Context:
This is clearly a game where a new economic hegemony is being developed, said Ulate, who also serves as the regional Mexico and Central America climate change adviser for Conservation International. Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political deal at best. The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal early Friday morning. Artur Runge-Metzger, who heads international climate negotiations on behalf of the European Commission, said the push by small island nations has "put political pressure on the entire political process," in part because they are now unified and demanding action from emerging economies such as China and India. The talks took on new urgency as delegates focused on the fact that they must resolve most of the outstanding issues before the heads of government arrive to strike a deal. High-level officials such as Indian environment minister Jairam Ramesh and the Chinese vice minister stepped off planes and raced through the Bella Center's halls to closed-door <t>meetings</t> and news conferences so they could stake out claims that will be arbitrated over the next week. The sheer sprawl of the gathering -- where 13,000 people move in and out of the convention center each day, guitar-playing activists put on nightly shows mocking the countries they think are selling out, and draft proposals are passed hand-to-hand on paper rather than via e-mail -- poses a challenge.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=meeting%1:14:00:: | definition=a formally arranged gathering | synonyms=group meeting | examples=next year the meeting will be in Chicago; the meeting elected a chairperson
2. sense_key=meeting%1:14:01:: | definition=a small informal social gathering | synonyms=get together | examples=there was an informal meeting in my living room
3. sense_key=meeting%1:11:00:: | definition=a casual or unexpected convergence | synonyms=encounter | examples=he still remembers their meeting in Paris; there was a brief encounter in the hallway
4. sense_key=meeting%1:04:00:: | definition=the social act of assembling for some common purpose | synonyms=coming together | examples=his meeting with the salesmen was the high point of his day
5. sense_key=meeting%1:04:02:: | definition=the act of joining together as one | synonyms=merging, coming together | examples=the merging of the two groups occurred quickly; there was no meeting of minds
6. sense_key=meeting%1:15:00:: | definition=a place where things merge or flow together (especially rivers) | synonyms=confluence | examples=Pittsburgh is located at the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
The target word is "meetings" in the context: "High-level officials such as Indian environment minister Jairam Ramesh and the Chinese vice minister stepped off planes and raced through the Bella Center's halls to closed-door meetings and news conferences so they could stake out claims that will be arbitrated over the next week."

Let's evaluate the candidate senses:
1. meeting%1:14:00:: - a formally arranged gathering | synonyms=group meeting | examples=next year the meeting will be in Chicago; the meeting elected a chairperson
2. meeting%1:14:01:: - a small informal social gathering | synonyms=get together | examples=there was an informal meeting in my living room
3. meeting%1:11:00:: - a casual or unexpected convergence | synonyms=encounter | examples=he still remembers their meeting in Paris; there was a brief encounter in the hallway
4. meeting%1:04:00:: - the social act of assembling for some common purpose | synonyms=coming together | examples=his meeting with the salesmen was the high point of his day
5. meeting%1:04:02:: - the act of joining together as one | synonyms=merging, coming together
6. meeting%1:15:00:: - a place where things merge or flow together

The context clearly refers to "closed-door meetings" at a climate conference, involving high-level officials (ministers, vice ministers) staking out claims. These are formally arranged gatherings for discussion/negotiation. Sense 1 ("a formally arranged gathering") fits perfectly. Sense 2 is informal. Sense 3 is casual/unexpected. Sense 4 is the act of assembling. Sense 5 is merging. Sense 6 is a place.

Therefore, sense 1 is the best choice.

provider: SiliconFlow


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: claim
Target surface form: claims
Context:
This is clearly a game where a new economic hegemony is being developed, said Ulate, who also serves as the regional Mexico and Central America climate change adviser for Conservation International. Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political deal at best. The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal early Friday morning. Artur Runge-Metzger, who heads international climate negotiations on behalf of the European Commission, said the push by small island nations has "put political pressure on the entire political process," in part because they are now unified and demanding action from emerging economies such as China and India. The talks took on new urgency as delegates focused on the fact that they must resolve most of the outstanding issues before the heads of government arrive to strike a deal. High-level officials such as Indian environment minister Jairam Ramesh and the Chinese vice minister stepped off planes and raced through the Bella Center's halls to closed-door meetings and news conferences so they could stake out <t>claims</t> that will be arbitrated over the next week. The sheer sprawl of the gathering -- where 13,000 people move in and out of the convention center each day, guitar-playing activists put on nightly shows mocking the countries they think are selling out, and draft proposals are passed hand-to-hand on paper rather than via e-mail -- poses a challenge.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=claim%1:10:00:: | definition=an assertion of a right (as to money or property) | examples=his claim asked for damages
2. sense_key=claim%1:10:02:: | definition=an assertion that something is true or factual | examples=his claim that he was innocent; evidence contradicted the government's claims
3. sense_key=claim%1:04:00:: | definition=demand for something as rightful or due | examples=they struck in support of their claim for a shorter work day
4. sense_key=claim%1:07:02:: | definition=an informal right to something | synonyms=title | examples=his claim on her attentions; his title to fame
5. sense_key=claim%1:07:01:: | definition=an established or recognized right | synonyms=title | examples=a strong legal claim to the property; he had no documents confirming his title to his father's estate
6. sense_key=claim%1:10:01:: | definition=a demand especially in the phrase | synonyms=call | examples=the call of duty

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: claim
    *   Target surface form: claims
    *   Context snippet: "...raced through the Bella Center's halls to closed-door meetings and news conferences so they could stake out <t>claims</t> that will be arbitrated over the next week."
    *   Key phrase: "stake out claims".
    *   Surrounding context: Climate change negotiations, political deals, asserting positions/territory/rights in a negotiation setting.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `claim%1:10:00::` | definition=an assertion of a right (as to money or property) | examples=his claim asked for damages.
        *   *Analysis:* This is specific to legal or financial rights (money/property). The context is international negotiation. "Staking out claims" metaphorically draws on land claims or mining claims, but in this context, it's about asserting positions or rights in a negotiation. Let's see if it fits.

    *   **Sense 2:** `claim%1:10:02::` | definition=an assertion that something is true or factual | examples=his claim that he was innocent; evidence contradicted the government's claims.
        *   *Analysis:* This refers to a proposition or statement of fact. "Staking out claims that will be arbitrated" might refer to arguments? But "stake out" usually implies territory or rights rather than just a proposition. However, in negotiations, you make claims about what you should receive or what your position is. But Sense 2 is usually about truth value (e.g., "I claim the earth is flat"). Here, they are claiming *rights* or *entitlements* or *positions* in a deal, not just stating facts.

    *   **Sense 3:** `claim%1:04:00::` | definition=demand for something as rightful or due | examples=they struck in support of their claim for a shorter work day.
        *   *Analysis:* This emphasizes the *demand* aspect. In the context, delegates are rushing to meetings to "stake out claims" that will be "arbitrated". Arbitration usually involves resolving demands or disputes over rights/entitlements. The phrase "stake out claims" often originates from the idea of land claims (staking a claim), which is an assertion of a right to own or use something. This aligns well with "assertion of a right" (Sense 1) or "demand" (Sense 3).

    *   **Sense 4:** `claim%1:07:02::` | definition=an informal right to something | synonyms=title | examples=his claim on her attentions; his title to fame.
        *   *Analysis:* "Informal right". The context is high-level international diplomacy/negotiation. These are formal legal/political processes. "Informal" doesn't fit well.

    *   **Sense 5:** `claim%1:07:01::` | definition=an established or recognized right | synonyms=title | examples=a strong legal claim to the property; he had no documents confirming his title to his father's estate.
        *   *Analysis:* "Established or recognized right". If they are "staking out" claims, the right is not necessarily established yet; they are asserting it so it *will be* arbitrated. The phrase "stake out" implies the initial assertion of a right, not an already established one.

    *   **Sense 6:** `claim%1:10:01::` | definition=a demand especially in the phrase | synonyms=call | examples=the call of duty.
        *   *Analysis:* This seems to be a specific idiomatic usage ("call of duty"), not fitting the sentence structure "stake out claims".

3.  **Deep Dive: Sense 1 vs Sense 3 vs Sense 2.**

    *   **The phrase "stake out claims":** This idiom strongly evokes the idea of claiming territory or mining rights. It metaphorically maps to asserting a position or a right to something in a negotiation.
    *   **Context:** "claims that will be arbitrated". Arbitration is a legal or quasi-legal process for settling disputes over rights, obligationsations, or demands.
    *   **Comparison:**
        *   Sense 2 (assertion of fact): While politicians make assertions, "arbitrating" an assertion of fact (like "global warming is real") is less likely than arbitrating a demand or a right (like "we deserve more carbon credits").
        *   Sense 1 (assertion of a right - money/property): The definition mentions "money or property". The context is abstract "economic hegemony" and treaty proposals. These are not strictly money/property in the concrete sense, but they function like property rights (emissions rights).
        *   Sense 3 (demand for something as rightful or due): The example is "claim for a shorter work day". This fits the negotiation dynamic. Delegates are making demands.

    *   **Let's look closer at Sense 1's definition:** "an assertion of a right (as to money or property)".
    *   **Let's look closer at Sense 3's definition:** "demand for something as rightful or due".

    In WordNet (3.0/3.1), the hierarchy matters.
    *   Sense 1 is often the "right to property/possessions" sense.
    *   Sense 3 is the "demand" sense.

    The verb phrase "stake out a claim" historically refers to land claims (Sense 1 domain).
    In the context: "raced... to closed-door meetings... so they could stake out claims that will be arbitrated".
    Arbitration resolves claims (Sense 1 or Sense 3).
    Is it a demand (Sense 3) or an assertion of a right (Sense 1)?
    Usually, "stake out a claim" implies asserting ownership or a right to occupy/poccess.
    The negotiations are about "economic hegemony", "treaty proposal", "outstanding issues".
    Delegates are establishing their positions.
    Sense 1 ("assertion of a right") seems closer to the idiom "stake out a claim" (land/territory metaphor).
    Sense 3 ("demand") is also very close.

    Let's check WordNet examples again.
    Sense 1: "his claim asked for damages". (Legal/Financial).
    Sense 3: "they struck in support of their claim for a shorter work day". (Labor/Work conditions - Demand).

    The text mentions "economic hegemony" and "legally binding treaty". This is high-stakes political maneuvering.
    "Staking out claims" suggests marking territory or asserting rights.
    If I check WordNet 3.1 or similar resources for "stake out a claim", it maps to the physical act of marking boundaries to assert ownership.
    Here, it is metaphorical. The "claims" are likely demands for specific treaty language or concessions.
    However, Sense 1's "assertion of a right" covers the semantic space of the idiom "stake out a claim" much better than Sense 3's "demand". When you stake a claim, you aren't just asking for something (demanding); you are asserting you have a right to it.
    Arbitration often deals with competing rights (Sense 1). "Arbitrated" is a strong clue. You arbitrate rights and obligations, not just random demands or factual assertions.
    Sense 1 specifically mentions "money or property". While climate treaties aren't money, they are property-like (rights to emit, rights to development). The definition mentions "money or property" as examples of the *type* of right, not an exhaustive list.

    Let's look at Sense 2 again. "Claims that will be arbitrated" - could these be factual claims? "We claim this technology works". No, you don't arbitrate that in a political treaty context usually; you negotiate or verify it. You arbitrate *rights* or *demands*.

    So it's between Sense 1 and Sense 3.
    Sense 1: Assertion of a right.
    Sense 3: Demand as rightful or due.

    The phrasing "stake out" is the deciding factor. The idiom "stake a claim" or "stake out a claim" is inextricably linked to the concept of claiming ownership or a right to land (Sense 1). The metaphor extends to the diplomatic context where nations are asserting their rights/entitlements in the "economic hegemony".
    Sense 3 is more about the act of demanding ("claim for a shorter work day").
    Sense 1 is about the abstract right/assertion itself ("claim asked for damages").

    In the text: "stake out claims". The noun "claims" here refers to the positions/rights they are asserting they hold or deserve.
    Most WSD systems and dictionaries map "stake a claim" to the specific sense of asserting a right (often land, but generalized).
    Sense 1 in WordNet: "an assertion of a right (as to money or property)".
    Sense 3 in WordNet: "demand for something as rightful or due".

    The arbitrated claims implies a dispute over rights. "Arbitrated" fits "assertion of a right" (Sense 1) very well. Damages (Sense 1 example) are arbitrated.
    Sense 3 example "strike in support of their claim" is about the protest/demand action.
    Here, the context is "arbitrated". This leans heavily toward the legal/rights domain (Sense 1).

    Let's verify Sense 1 vs Sense 2.
    Some might argue that political claims are just assertions (Sense 2).
    But "arbitrated" suggests legalistic or rights-based resolution, not just verifying facts.
    And "stake out" strongly favors the "right" sense over the "fact" sense. You don't "stake out" a fact. You "stake out" a position or a territory (right).

    Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit. It captures the "assertion of a right" semantics inherent in "stake out claims" and the legalistic context of "arbitration".

    Let's double check Sense 3. "Demand". Is "stake out a demand" a valid phrase? Not really. You "make a demand". You "stake a claim".
    The idiom preserves the word "claim" specifically in the sense of a right to ownership/possession.
    Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct index.

    Let's check if Sense 5 ("established or recognized right") works. No, because they are being arbitrated; they aren't established yet. They are asserting them.
    Let's check Sense 4 ("informal right"). No, formal negotiation.

    So it is Sense 1.

    Let's re-read Sense 1 definition carefully: "an assertion of a right (as to money or property)".
    Let's re-read Sense 3 definition carefully: "demand for something as rightful or due".

    Is there a distinction in WordNet 3.0/3.1 between these that helps?
    Sense 1 is the primary noun sense usually.
    Sense 3 seems to focus on the *demand* aspect (the request).
    Sense 1 focuses on the *right* aspect (the title/entitlement).
    "Stake out" emphasizes the delineation of the right/territory.
    Also, "claims that will be arbitrated" -> In law, you arbitrate claims (Sense 1).
    I will stick with Sense 1.

    Final check:
    Context: "...stake out claims that will be arbitrated..."
    Meaning: Assert rights/positions that will be negotiated/judged.
    Sense 1: "assertion of a right".
    Sense 2: "assertion that something is true".
    Sense 3: "demand for something as due".

    "Stake out" creates a strong collocation with "claim" meaning "assertion of a right (originally land)".
    This maps most directly to Sense 1. The mention of "money or property" in Sense 1 might seem limiting if read strictly, but WordNet examples usually use "as to..." to provide typical examples without limiting the sense exclusively to those nouns, especially when dealing with metaphorical extensions like "stake out claims" in diplomacy.
    Sense 2 is wrong because you don't stake out facts.
    Sense 3 is plausible (demands are being arbitrated), but "stake out" collocates with the "right" sense (Sense 1), not the "demand" sense. When you stake a claim, you aren't just demanding; you are assuming the right is yours and marking it.

    Therefore, index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: week
Target surface form: week
Context:
This is clearly a game where a new economic hegemony is being developed, said Ulate, who also serves as the regional Mexico and Central America climate change adviser for Conservation International. Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political deal at best. The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal early Friday morning. Artur Runge-Metzger, who heads international climate negotiations on behalf of the European Commission, said the push by small island nations has "put political pressure on the entire political process," in part because they are now unified and demanding action from emerging economies such as China and India. The talks took on new urgency as delegates focused on the fact that they must resolve most of the outstanding issues before the heads of government arrive to strike a deal. High-level officials such as Indian environment minister Jairam Ramesh and the Chinese vice minister stepped off planes and raced through the Bella Center's halls to closed-door meetings and news conferences so they could stake out claims that will be arbitrated over the next <t>week</t>. The sheer sprawl of the gathering -- where 13,000 people move in and out of the convention center each day, guitar-playing activists put on nightly shows mocking the countries they think are selling out, and draft proposals are passed hand-to-hand on paper rather than via e-mail -- poses a challenge.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=week%1:28:00:: | definition=any period of seven consecutive days | synonyms=hebdomad | examples=it rained for a week
2. sense_key=week%1:28:01:: | definition=hours or days of work in a calendar week | synonyms=workweek | examples=they worked a 40-hour week
3. sense_key=week%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday | synonyms=calendar week

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense of "week" in this passage.

The target sentence is: "High-level officials such as Indian environment minister Jairam Ramesh and the Chinese vice minister stepped off planes and raced through the Bella Center's halls to closed-door meetings and news conferences so they could stake out claims that will be arbitrated over the next week."

Let's consider each candidate sense:

1. sense_key=week%1:28:00:: | definition=any period of seven consecutive days | synonyms=hebdomad | examples=it rained for a week

2. sense_key=week%1:28:01:: | definition=hours or days of work in a calendar week | synonyms=workweek | examples=they worked a 40-hour week

3. sense_key=week%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday | synonyms=calendar week

In the context, "the next week" refers to the upcoming seven-day period following the current time when the negotiations and discussions about climate change will continue. It's referring to a general period of seven days, not specifically a work week or a calendar week starting on Sunday.

The sentence is describing that claims will be arbitrated over the next seven days following the current moment. This aligns with sense 1, which defines "week" as "any period of seven consecutive days." It's not specifically referring to work hours (sense 2) or a calendar week starting on Sunday (sense 3).

Therefore, the correct sense is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: gathering
Target surface form: gathering
Context:
Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political deal at best. The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal early Friday morning. Artur Runge-Metzger, who heads international climate negotiations on behalf of the European Commission, said the push by small island nations has "put political pressure on the entire political process," in part because they are now unified and demanding action from emerging economies such as China and India. The talks took on new urgency as delegates focused on the fact that they must resolve most of the outstanding issues before the heads of government arrive to strike a deal. High-level officials such as Indian environment minister Jairam Ramesh and the Chinese vice minister stepped off planes and raced through the Bella Center's halls to closed-door meetings and news conferences so they could stake out claims that will be arbitrated over the next week. The sheer sprawl of the <t>gathering</t> -- where 13,000 people move in and out of the convention center each day, guitar-playing activists put on nightly shows mocking the countries they think are selling out, and draft proposals are passed hand-to-hand on paper rather than via e-mail -- poses a challenge. The intensity is only building: nearly all of the key ministers are now here, and as early as Wednesday 60 heads of government will be in Copenhagen.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=gathering%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of persons together in one place | synonyms=assemblage
2. sense_key=gathering%1:04:00:: | definition=the social act of assembling | synonyms=assembly, assemblage | examples=they demanded the right of assembly
3. sense_key=gathering%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of gathering something | synonyms=gather
4. sense_key=gathering%1:06:00:: | definition=sewing consisting of small folds or puckers made by pulling tight a thread in a line of stitching | synonyms=gather

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: gathering
    *   Target surface form: gathering
    *   Context Sentence: "The sheer sprawl of the <t>gathering</t> -- where 13,000 people move in and out of the convention center each day, guitar-playing activists put on nightly shows mocking the countries they think are selling out, and draft proposals are passed hand-to-hand on paper rather than via e-mail -- poses a challenge."
    *   Broader Context: The text discusses the Copenhagen climate change talks/conference. It mentions delegates, officials, ministers, and heads of government assembling in a convention center (Bella Center) to negotiate.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `gathering%1:14:00::` | Definition: a group of persons together in one place | Synonyms: assemblage.
        *   *Analysis:* This sense refers to the *group of people* itself (the count noun usage: "a gathering of people"). The context says "The sheer sprawl of the gathering... where 13,000 people move in and out...". This fits well. The "gathering" refers to the collection of 13,000 people, activists, ministers, etc., present at the convention center.

    *   **Sense 2:** `gathering%1:04:00::` | Definition: the social act of assembling | Synonyms: assembly, assemblage | Examples: they demanded the right of assembly.
        *   *Analysis:* This sense refers to the *act* or *process* of coming together (mass/abstract noun). While the event involves the act of assembling, the sentence structure "The sheer sprawl of the gathering" implies a physical entity or an event/group occupying space ("sprawl"). "Sprawl" usually describes the physical extent of something. A "group of persons" (Sense 1) has a sprawl. An "act of assembling" (Sense 2) is less likely to be described as having a "sprawl" involving 13,000 people moving in and out. However, "gathering" can often function as an event. Let's look closer. Is it the *act* or the *group/event*? WordNet sometimes distinguishes event (event%1:11:00) vs group (group%1:03:00). Here, the candidate senses offer "group of persons" vs "social act". The context describes people moving, activists playing guitars, proposals being passed. This describes the *state* of the group or the event itself, not just the act of them coming together. But looking at Sense 1 ("a group of persons"), it fits the description of the 13,000 people being a collection.

    *   **Sense 3:** `gathering%1:04:01::` | Definition: the act of gathering something | Synonyms: gather.
        *   *Analysis:* This refers to collecting things (like gathering crops or data). The context is clearly about people at a conference. This is incorrect.

    *   **Sense 4:** `gathering%1:06:00::` | Definition: sewing consisting of small folds or puckers...
        *   *Analysis:* This is a sewing term. Irrelevant to the context.

3.  **Distinguish between Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   Sense 1: "a group of persons together in one place".
    *   Sense 2: "the social act of assembling".

    In the sentence: "The sheer sprawl of the gathering..."
    "Sprawl" implies a physical spread or the extent of something physical. Does the "act of assembling" have a sprawl? Not usually. Does a "group of persons" have a sprawl? Yes.
    Furthermore, the relative clause "-- where 13,000 people move in and out..." defines the gathering. 13,000 people constitutes a "group of persons".
    If it were Sense 2 (the act), it would likely be used in phrases like "The gathering of the delegates took hours."
    Here, "the gathering" is the entity consisting of the people. The word is used to refer to the crowd or the body of people present.
    Sense 1 is the specific lexical entry for the collection of people.

    Let's double-check the noun hierarchy in WordNet.
    Sense 1 (`gathering%1:14:00::`) is a hyponym of `social_group` (via `assemblage`).
    Sense 2 (`gathering%1:04:00::`) is a hyponym of `group_action` (via `assembly`, `assemblage`).
    Context: "13,000 people move in and out...". The text focuses on the people themselves and their activities in that place.
    "The sheer sprawl of the [group of people]" makes perfect sense.
    "The sheer sprawl of the [act of assembling]" makes less sense.

    Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.

4.  **Format the output:**
    The user wants a JSON object with the sense index.
    Sense 1 is index 1.

    JSON: `{"sense_index": 1}`.

provider: Chutes


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: people
Target surface form: people
Context:
Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political deal at best. The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal early Friday morning. Artur Runge-Metzger, who heads international climate negotiations on behalf of the European Commission, said the push by small island nations has "put political pressure on the entire political process," in part because they are now unified and demanding action from emerging economies such as China and India. The talks took on new urgency as delegates focused on the fact that they must resolve most of the outstanding issues before the heads of government arrive to strike a deal. High-level officials such as Indian environment minister Jairam Ramesh and the Chinese vice minister stepped off planes and raced through the Bella Center's halls to closed-door meetings and news conferences so they could stake out claims that will be arbitrated over the next week. The sheer sprawl of the gathering -- where 13,000 <t>people</t> move in and out of the convention center each day, guitar-playing activists put on nightly shows mocking the countries they think are selling out, and draft proposals are passed hand-to-hand on paper rather than via e-mail -- poses a challenge. The intensity is only building: nearly all of the key ministers are now here, and as early as Wednesday 60 heads of government will be in Copenhagen.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=people%1:14:00:: | definition=(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively | examples=old people; there were at least 200 people in the audience
2. sense_key=people%1:14:01:: | definition=the body of citizens of a state or country | synonyms=citizenry | examples=the Spanish people
3. sense_key=people%1:14:02:: | definition=members of a family line | examples=his people have been farmers for generations; are your people still alive?
4. sense_key=people%1:14:03:: | definition=the common people generally | synonyms=multitude, masses, mass, hoi polloi, the great unwashed | examples=separate the warriors from the mass; power to the people

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target word: "people"
    *   Context sentence: "The sheer sprawl of the gathering -- where 13,000 <t>people</t> move in and out of the convention center each day..."
    *   Wider context: The text describes a large conference (Copenhagen climate talks). It mentions delegates, activists, officials, ministers, heads of government.
    *   Specific usage: "13,000 people move in and out of the convention center". This refers to the individuals attending the conference physically.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `people%1:14:00::` | definition: "(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively" | examples: "old people", "200 people in the audience".
        *   Analysis: This is the most general sense. It refers to a count of human beings. The example "200 people in the audience" is very similar to "13,000 people... in the convention center". It fits the context of a crowd count perfectly.

    *   **Sense 2:** `people%1:14:01::` | definition: "the body of citizens of a state or country" | synonyms: citizenry | examples: "the Spanish people".
        *   Analysis: This refers to a political body or nationality (e.g., "the American people"). The context refers to a specific gathering of individuals from various places, not a national citizenry.

    *   **Sense 3:** `people%1:14:03::` (Note: The prompt lists this as index 3 in the list provided, but let's stick to the list order).
        *   *Wait, let me check the list indices provided in the prompt.*
        *   1. sense_key=people%1:14:00:: ...
        *   2. sense_key=people%1:14:01:: ...
        *   3. sense_key=people%1:14:02:: ... | definition: "members of a family line" | examples: "his people have been farmers..."
        *   Analysis: This refers to ancestors or relatives (kin). This does not fit the context of a conference crowd.

    *   **Sense 4:** `people%1:14:03::` | definition: "the common people generally" | synonyms: "multitude, masses, mass, hoi polloi..." | examples: "power to the people".
        *   Analysis: This refers to the general populace or the working class vs the elite. While the crowd includes activists, the context is specifically quantifying the number of attendees ("13,000 people"), not making a sociological distinction between the elite and the masses.

3.  **Compare and Select:**
    *   The phrase "13,000 people" is a quantification of humans.
    *   Sense 1 is defined as "any group of human beings... collectively" with the example "200 people in the audience".
    *   This matches the usage "13,000 people move in and out..." perfectly. It is a generic plural usage counting individuals.

4.  **Formulate Output:**
    *   The best sense index is 1.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: day
Target surface form: day
Context:
Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political deal at best. The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal early Friday morning. Artur Runge-Metzger, who heads international climate negotiations on behalf of the European Commission, said the push by small island nations has "put political pressure on the entire political process," in part because they are now unified and demanding action from emerging economies such as China and India. The talks took on new urgency as delegates focused on the fact that they must resolve most of the outstanding issues before the heads of government arrive to strike a deal. High-level officials such as Indian environment minister Jairam Ramesh and the Chinese vice minister stepped off planes and raced through the Bella Center's halls to closed-door meetings and news conferences so they could stake out claims that will be arbitrated over the next week. The sheer sprawl of the gathering -- where 13,000 people move in and out of the convention center each <t>day</t>, guitar-playing activists put on nightly shows mocking the countries they think are selling out, and draft proposals are passed hand-to-hand on paper rather than via e-mail -- poses a challenge. The intensity is only building: nearly all of the key ministers are now here, and as early as Wednesday 60 heads of government will be in Copenhagen.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=day%1:28:00:: | definition=time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis | synonyms=twenty-four hours, twenty-four hour period, 24-hour interval, solar day, mean solar day | examples=two days later they left; they put on two performances every day
2. sense_key=day%1:28:03:: | definition=some point or period in time | examples=it should arrive any day now; after that day she never trusted him again
3. sense_key=day%1:28:01:: | definition=a day assigned to a particular purpose or observance | examples=Mother's Day
4. sense_key=day%1:28:02:: | definition=the time after sunrise and before sunset while it is light outside | synonyms=daytime, daylight | examples=the dawn turned night into day; it is easier to make the repairs in the daytime
5. sense_key=day%1:28:04:: | definition=the recurring hours when you are not sleeping (especially those when you are working) | examples=my day began early this morning; it was a busy day on the stock exchange
6. sense_key=day%1:28:05:: | definition=an era of existence or influence | examples=in the day of the dinosaurs; in the days of the Roman Empire
7. sense_key=day%1:28:07:: | definition=the period of time taken by a particular planet (e.g. Mars) to make a complete rotation on its axis | examples=how long is a day on Jupiter?
8. sense_key=day%1:28:06:: | definition=the time for one complete rotation of the earth relative to a particular star, about 4 minutes shorter than a mean solar day | synonyms=sidereal day
9. sense_key=day%1:26:00:: | definition=a period of opportunity | examples=he deserves his day in court; every dog has his day
10. sense_key=day%1:18:00:: | definition=United States writer best known for his autobiographical works (1874-1935) | synonyms=Clarence Day, Clarence Shepard Day Jr.

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context**:
    *   Target word: "day"
    *   Context snippet: "...where 13,000 people move in and out of the convention center each <t>day</t>, guitar-playing activists put on nightly shows..."
    *   Sentence analysis: The text describes a climate change conference (Copenhagen). It talks about the number of people moving in and out of the convention center "each day". This implies a recurring 24-hour cycle or a calendar day. It describes the activity happening within the duration of a day.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses**:

    *   **Sense 1**: "time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis" (synonyms: twenty-four hours, solar day). Examples: "two days later they left". This refers to the standard unit of time measurement, the full 24-hour period.
    *   **Sense 2**: "some point or period in time". Examples: "it should arrive any day now". This is usually vague or idiomatic ("one day", "any day"). The context here ("each day") is more specific to the recurring cycle unit than a vague point in time.
    *   **Sense 3**: "a day assigned to a particular purpose or observance". Examples: "Mother's Day". This is a named day. Not the case here.
    *   **Sense 4**: "the time after sunrise and before sunset while it is light outside" (synonyms: daytime). Examples: "easier to make repairs in the daytime". The context mentions "nightly shows" happening separately, but "each day" in "move in and out... each day" usually encompasses the full rotation cycle (including night), especially since it contrasts with "nightly shows" mentioned in the same sentence structure. However, even if it meant "during the daytime", the phrase "each day" generally refers to the calendar day/24-hour period unit in a frequency context ("each day" = "every day"). Sense 1 is the primary unit definition.
    *   **Sense 5**: "the recurring hours when you are not sleeping (especially those when you are working)". Examples: "my day began early this morning". This refers to one's personal waking/working hours. While the people are working, the phrase "move in and out... each day" refers to the frequency per 24-hour period, not specifically the subjective "workday" duration for an individual.
    *   **Sense 6**: "an era of existence or influence". Examples: "in the day of the dinosaurs". Not applicable.
    *   **Sense 7**: "the period of time taken by a particular planet...". Not applicable (Earth context).
    *   **Sense 8**: "sidereal day". Not applicable.
    *   **Sense 9**: "a period of opportunity". Not applicable.
    *   **Sense 10**: "United States writer...". Not applicable.

3.  **Refine the choice**:
    The sentence says "13,000 people move in and out of the convention center each day".
    This is a frequency statement.
    Is it Sense 1 (24-hour rotation) or Sense 2 (point/period in time)?
    Sense 1 is defined as "time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis" and lists synonyms "twenty-four hours". The example "they put on two performances every day" is very similar to the context "move in and out... each day".
    Sense 2 is usually for phrases like "one day", "in this day and age", or "any day now". It's vaguer.
    Sense 5 (working hours) is tempting because it's a conference, but "each day" as a unit of frequency aligns best with Sense 1. The 24-hour cycle is the standard unit used to count occurrences (frequency). The "solar day" definition captures the cyclical nature of "each day".

    Let's compare Sense 1 and Sense 5.
    Sense 5 is "the recurring hours when you are not sleeping...".
    Sense 1 is "time for Earth to make a complete rotation...".
    Phrase: "each day".
    If I say "I go to the gym each day", I mean once per 24-hour rotation. I don't mean "each time I am awake".
    The context is describing the scale of the gathering. The turnover is 13,000 per 24-hour cycle.
    Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice. It denotes the unit of time.

4.  **Final Check**:
    *   Context: "move in and out ... each day".
    *   Sense 1 definition: "time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis" (synonyms: twenty-four hours).
    *   Sense 1 example: "they put on two performances every day".
    *   Match: High. "Each day" acts as a time unit for frequency.

    Sense 4 (daylight)? "Nightly shows" are mentioned alongside. "Each day" usually implies the calendar day/24-hour cycle in frequency contexts ("each day, they do X"). If the text meant "during the daylight hours", it would likely say "during the day" or "in the day". "Each day" specifically counts the cycles.

    Conclusion: Sense 1.

provider: Together


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: show
Target surface form: shows
Context:
Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political deal at best. The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal early Friday morning. Artur Runge-Metzger, who heads international climate negotiations on behalf of the European Commission, said the push by small island nations has "put political pressure on the entire political process," in part because they are now unified and demanding action from emerging economies such as China and India. The talks took on new urgency as delegates focused on the fact that they must resolve most of the outstanding issues before the heads of government arrive to strike a deal. High-level officials such as Indian environment minister Jairam Ramesh and the Chinese vice minister stepped off planes and raced through the Bella Center's halls to closed-door meetings and news conferences so they could stake out claims that will be arbitrated over the next week. The sheer sprawl of the gathering -- where 13,000 people move in and out of the convention center each day, guitar-playing activists put on nightly <t>shows</t> mocking the countries they think are selling out, and draft proposals are passed hand-to-hand on paper rather than via e-mail -- poses a challenge. The intensity is only building: nearly all of the key ministers are now here, and as early as Wednesday 60 heads of government will be in Copenhagen.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=show%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of publicly exhibiting or entertaining | examples=a remarkable show of skill
2. sense_key=show%1:10:03:: | definition=something intended to communicate a particular impression | synonyms=display | examples=made a display of strength; a show of impatience
3. sense_key=show%1:10:00:: | definition=a social event involving a public performance or entertainment | examples=they wanted to see some of the shows on Broadway
4. sense_key=show%1:04:01:: | definition=pretending that something is the case in order to make a good impression | synonyms=appearance | examples=they try to keep up appearances; that ceremony is just for show

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   **Target lemma:** show
    *   **Target surface form:** shows
    *   **Context segment:** "...guitar-playing activists put on nightly <t>shows</t> mocking the countries they think are selling out..."
    *   **Contextual cues:**
        *   "guitar-playing activists": The agents are performers/activists.
        *   "put on": This is a classic collocate for performances (e.g., put on a show, put on a play).
        *   "nightly": Indicates a scheduled, repeating event.
        *   "mocking": The purpose of the event is satirical entertainment/protest.
        *   Setting: A large gathering (Bella Center, Copenhagen climate talks) with many people.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `show%1:04:00::`
        *   Definition: "the act of publicly exhibiting or entertaining"
        *   Example: "a remarkable show of skill"
        *   Analysis: This definition is quite abstract and seems to focus on the act itself or an instance of demonstrating skill. The example "show of skill" suggests a demonstration rather than a theatrical production. While activists are "exhibiting," the phrase "put on nightly shows" strongly implies a structured performance event.

    *   **Sense 2:** `show%1:10:03::`
        *   Definition: "something intended to communicate a particular impression"
        *   Synonyms: display
        *   Example: "made a display of strength; a show of impatience"
        *   Analysis: This sense usually refers to a symbolic gesture or a display of an attribute (like strength, emotion, or force). While the activists *are* communicating a message, the physical object/event described as "shows" in the text refers to the performances themselves, not just an abstract display of opinion. "Put on shows" fits the performance sense better than the "display of strength" sense.

    *   **Sense 3:** `show%1:10:00::`
        *   Definition: "a social event involving a public performance or entertainment"
        *   Example: "they wanted to see some of the shows on Broadway"
        *   Analysis: This sense refers to a spectacle, a program, a play, or a musical performance. The context mentions "guitar-playing activists," "nightly," and "mocking." This describes a specific type of satirical performance or skit. The collocation "put on ... shows" aligns perfectly with "Broadway shows" or other entertainment events. Even though it's political activism, it takes the form of a public performance or entertainment event.

    *   **Sense 4:** `show%1:04:01::`
        *   Definition: "pretending that something is the case in order to make a good impression"
        *   Synonyms: appearance
        *   Example: "they try to keep up appearances; that ceremony is just for show"
        *   Analysis: This refers to falsity or pretense ("just for show"). The activists' shows are genuine performances, not a facade meant to deceive others about their true feelings (though they are mocking, the performance itself is the reality).

3.  **Compare and Select:**
    *   The phrase "put on nightly shows" refers to organized performances where activists play guitars and mock countries.
    *   Sense 3 defines a "show" as "a social event involving a public performance or entertainment."
    *   Sense 1 is arguably close ("act of publicly exhibiting"), but Sense 3 captures the specific nature of "shows" as events/productions (like those on Broadway). In WordNet, distinctions between "act" (1:04:00) and "event" (1:10:00) often separate the act of showing something (like a demonstration of force or skill) from the entertainment program itself.
    *   The "Broadway shows" example in Sense 3 confirms that this sense applies to entertainment events. The activists are creating entertainment events (satirical performances).
    *   Therefore, Sense 3 is the best fit.

4.  **Final Conclusion:** The target word refers to entertainment performances/spectacles put on by activists. This matches the definition of Sense 3 ("a social event involving a public performance or entertainment").

    *   Sense 1: "act of publicly exhibiting" - too abstract/generic, usually used for "a show of force/skill".
    *   Sense 2: "something intended to communicate a particular impression" - usually "a show of [abstract noun]".
    *   Sense 3: "a social event involving a public performance" - fits "put on nightly shows", guitar playing, mocking performances.
    *   Sense 4: "pretending... just for show" - incorrect meaning.

    Selected index: 3.

provider: Parasail


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: country
Target surface form: countries
Context:
Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political deal at best. The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal early Friday morning. Artur Runge-Metzger, who heads international climate negotiations on behalf of the European Commission, said the push by small island nations has "put political pressure on the entire political process," in part because they are now unified and demanding action from emerging economies such as China and India. The talks took on new urgency as delegates focused on the fact that they must resolve most of the outstanding issues before the heads of government arrive to strike a deal. High-level officials such as Indian environment minister Jairam Ramesh and the Chinese vice minister stepped off planes and raced through the Bella Center's halls to closed-door meetings and news conferences so they could stake out claims that will be arbitrated over the next week. The sheer sprawl of the gathering -- where 13,000 people move in and out of the convention center each day, guitar-playing activists put on nightly shows mocking the <t>countries</t> they think are selling out, and draft proposals are passed hand-to-hand on paper rather than via e-mail -- poses a challenge. The intensity is only building: nearly all of the key ministers are now here, and as early as Wednesday 60 heads of government will be in Copenhagen.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=country%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=state, nation, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
2. sense_key=country%1:15:00:: | definition=the territory occupied by a nation | synonyms=state, land | examples=he returned to the land of his birth; he visited several European countries
3. sense_key=country%1:14:01:: | definition=the people who live in a nation or country | synonyms=nation, land | examples=a statement that sums up the nation's mood; the news was announced to the nation
4. sense_key=country%1:15:01:: | definition=an area outside of cities and towns | synonyms=rural area | examples=his poetry celebrated the slower pace of life in the country
5. sense_key=country%1:15:02:: | definition=a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography) | synonyms=area | examples=it was a mountainous area; Bible country

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Lemma and Context:**
    *   Target lemma: "country" (plural "countries")
    *   Context sentence: "The sheer sprawl of the gathering -- where 13,000 people move in and out of the convention center each day, guitar-playing activists put on nightly shows mocking the <t>countries</t> they think are selling out, and draft proposals are passed hand-to-hand on paper rather than via e-mail -- poses a challenge."
    *   Broader context: The text is about international climate negotiations in Copenhagen. It mentions heads of government, ministers, treaties, delegates, the Alliance of Small Island States, China, India, European Commission.

2.  **Analyze the specific usage:**
    *   "...mocking the <t>countries</t> they think are selling out..."
    *   Who is "selling out"? In the context of climate negotiations, political entities (governments/nations) make agreements or fail to do so.
    *   The activists are mocking these entities.
    *   Synonyms that fit here: "nations", "states".

3.  **Evaluate the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `country%1:14:00::` | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=state, nation, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic.
        *   *Analysis:* This refers to the political entity. In international relations (treaties, delegates, heads of government), "country" usually refers to the state acting as a political actor. When activists mock a country for "selling out" in a treaty negotiation, they are mocking the political entity/government representing that territory and people.
        *   *Fit:* High. "China" and "India" are mentioned earlier as actors.

    *   **Sense 2:** `country%1:15:00::` | definition=the territory occupied by a nation | synonyms=state, land.
        *   *Analysis:* This emphasizes the physical geography or territory. While a country has territory, the act of "selling out" in a political deal is an action taken by the political organization (Sense 1), not the dirt or the land itself. However, sometimes "country" is used metonymically where the land stands for the state. But Sense 1 captures the political organization aspect which is crucial here. Let's look at the examples: "he visited several European countries". This is physical/territorial. The context here is about political action (selling out, negotiating).
        *   *Fit:* Moderate/Low compared to Sense 1 because the focus is on political agency, not just territory.

    *   **Sense 3:** `country%1:14:01::` | definition=the people who live in a nation or country | synonyms=nation, land.
        *   *Analysis:* "A statement that sums up the nation's mood". Here, "countries" refers to the populace. Are the activists mocking the *people* of the countries? Or the *governments*? "Selling out" implies a breach of trust by those in power. While the people might suffer, the entity doing the "selling out" is the government/state apparatus.
        *   *Fit:* Low. "Nations" can mean people, but in this context of "heads of government" and "ministers", the agency lies with the state (Sense 1).

    *   **Sense 4:** `country%1:15:01::` | definition=an area outside of cities and towns | synonyms=rural area.
        *   *Analysis:* "Mocking the rural areas"? No.
        *   *Fit:* Zero.

    *   **Sense 5:** `country%1:15:02::` | definition=a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary... | synonyms=area.
        *   *Analysis:* "Bible country", "mountainous area".
        *   *Fit:* Zero.

4.  **Distinguish between Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   This is the classic WordNet distinction for "country": Political State vs. Territory.
    *   Context: International climate negotiations, treaties, heads of government, ministers.
    *   Sentence: Mocking the countries... selling out.
    *   "Selling out" is a political action. Entities that sign treaties and make political deals are politically organized bodies (Sense 1).
    *   Sense 2 (Territory) is often used for travel ("visited several countries") or geography.
    *   Sense 1 (Political body) is used for actors in international relations ("The state has elected a new president", "African nations" in a political context).
    *   The text mentions "heads of government", "ministers", "delegates". These represent the political entity.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice. It captures the agency required to "sell out" in a negotiation context.

5.  **Final Selection:**
    *   Sense 1 fits the political agency aspect of the context perfectly.

6.  **Formatting Output:**
    *   JSON format: `{"sense_index": 1}`.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: draft
Target surface form: draft
Context:
Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political deal at best. The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal early Friday morning. Artur Runge-Metzger, who heads international climate negotiations on behalf of the European Commission, said the push by small island nations has "put political pressure on the entire political process," in part because they are now unified and demanding action from emerging economies such as China and India. The talks took on new urgency as delegates focused on the fact that they must resolve most of the outstanding issues before the heads of government arrive to strike a deal. High-level officials such as Indian environment minister Jairam Ramesh and the Chinese vice minister stepped off planes and raced through the Bella Center's halls to closed-door meetings and news conferences so they could stake out claims that will be arbitrated over the next week. The sheer sprawl of the gathering -- where 13,000 people move in and out of the convention center each day, guitar-playing activists put on nightly shows mocking the countries they think are selling out, and <t>draft</t> proposals are passed hand-to-hand on paper rather than via e-mail -- poses a challenge. The intensity is only building: nearly all of the key ministers are now here, and as early as Wednesday 60 heads of government will be in Copenhagen.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=draft%1:21:00:: | definition=a document ordering the payment of money; drawn by one person or bank on another | synonyms=bill of exchange, order of payment
2. sense_key=draft%1:19:00:: | definition=a current of air (usually coming into a chimney or room or vehicle) | synonyms=draught
3. sense_key=draft%1:06:01:: | definition=a preliminary sketch of a design or picture | synonyms=rough drawing
4. sense_key=draft%1:13:00:: | definition=a serving of drink (usually alcoholic) drawn from a keg | synonyms=draught, potation, tipple | examples=they served beer on draft
5. sense_key=draft%1:10:00:: | definition=any of the various versions in the development of a written work | synonyms=draft copy | examples=a preliminary draft; the final draft of the constitution
6. sense_key=draft%1:07:00:: | definition=the depth of a vessel's keel below the surface (especially when loaded) | synonyms=draught
7. sense_key=draft%1:06:02:: | definition=a regulator for controlling the flow of air in a fireplace
8. sense_key=draft%1:06:00:: | definition=a dose of liquid medicine | synonyms=draught | examples=he took a sleeping draft
9. sense_key=draft%1:04:03:: | definition=compulsory military service | synonyms=conscription, muster, selective service
10. sense_key=draft%1:04:02:: | definition=a large and hurried swallow | synonyms=gulp, draught, swig | examples=he finished it at a single gulp
11. sense_key=draft%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of moving a load by drawing or pulling | synonyms=draught, drawing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "draft" used in the context: "...and draft proposals are passed hand-to-hand on paper rather than via e-mail..."
Looking at the candidate senses:
1. bill of exchange
2. current of air
3. preliminary sketch of a design or picture
4. serving of drink
5. any of the various versions in the development of a written work | synonyms=draft copy | examples=a preliminary draft; the final draft of the constitution
6. depth of a vessel's keel
7. regulator for controlling the flow of air
8. dose of liquid medicine
9. compulsory military service
10. large and hurried swallow
11. act of moving a load by drawing or pulling

The context mentions "draft proposals", which refers to written documents (proposals) that are preliminary or in development versions.
Sense 5 defines draft as "any of the various versions in the development of a written work" and gives "draft copy" as a synonym, and "a preliminary draft; the final draft of the constitution" as examples. This perfectly matches "draft proposals".

Therefore, the correct sense is 5.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: proposal
Target surface form: proposals
Context:
Some of the countries most vulnerable to the impact of climate change indicated they would continue to push for a legally binding treaty in Copenhagen, although most of the major participants say the talks will produce a political deal at best. The Alliance of Small Island States, which has 43 members, produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal early Friday morning. Artur Runge-Metzger, who heads international climate negotiations on behalf of the European Commission, said the push by small island nations has "put political pressure on the entire political process," in part because they are now unified and demanding action from emerging economies such as China and India. The talks took on new urgency as delegates focused on the fact that they must resolve most of the outstanding issues before the heads of government arrive to strike a deal. High-level officials such as Indian environment minister Jairam Ramesh and the Chinese vice minister stepped off planes and raced through the Bella Center's halls to closed-door meetings and news conferences so they could stake out claims that will be arbitrated over the next week. The sheer sprawl of the gathering -- where 13,000 people move in and out of the convention center each day, guitar-playing activists put on nightly shows mocking the countries they think are selling out, and draft <t>proposals</t> are passed hand-to-hand on paper rather than via e-mail -- poses a challenge. The intensity is only building: nearly all of the key ministers are now here, and as early as Wednesday 60 heads of government will be in Copenhagen.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=proposal%1:10:00:: | definition=something proposed (such as a plan or assumption)
2. sense_key=proposal%1:10:02:: | definition=an offer of marriage | synonyms=marriage proposal, proposal of marriage, marriage offer
3. sense_key=proposal%1:10:01:: | definition=the act of making a proposal | synonyms=proposition | examples=they listened to her proposal

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: `proposal`
    *   Target surface form: `proposals`
    *   Context snippet: "...and draft <t>proposals</t> are passed hand-to-hand on paper rather than via e-mail..."
    *   Broader context: The text discusses international climate negotiations in Copenhagen. It mentions draft treaties, political deals, 24-page draft treaty proposals, and documents being passed around physically.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `proposal%1:10:00::` | Definition: "something proposed (such as a plan or assumption)". This refers to a plan, a document, or an idea put forward for consideration.
    *   **Sense 2:** `proposal%1:10:02::` | Definition: "an offer of marriage". Synonyms: marriage proposal, etc. This is clearly irrelevant in the context of climate change treaties.
    *   **Sense 3:** `proposal%1:10:01::` | Definition: "the act of making a proposal". Synonyms: proposition. Example: "they listened to her proposal". This refers to the *act* or *process* of proposing.

3.  **Evaluate Sense 1 vs. Sense 3:**
    *   The sentence says: "draft <t>proposals</t> are passed hand-to-hand on paper".
    *   Physical objects (papers) containing draft texts are being passed.
    *   Can "draft acts of making a proposal" be passed hand-to-hand? No. You pass the document itself.
    *   Can "draft plans/documents" be passed hand-to-hand? Yes.
    *   The earlier context mentions "produced a 24-page draft treaty proposal". This confirms that the "proposal" here is a noun denoting a document containing a plan or suggestion, not the act of suggesting.
    *   Sense 1 ("something proposed") fits perfectly. The "draft proposals" are the documents outlining the plans being negotiated.

4.  **Conclusion:**
    *   Sense 1 is the correct fit. It refers to the documents/plans (noun), not the action of proposing (act).
    *   Sense 2 is wrong context.
    *   Sense 3 is wrong; it describes the act, but the context describes physical documents being passed.

5.  **Formulate the Output:**
    *   The instruction asks for a JSON object with the index.
    *   Selected sense: Sense 1.
    *   JSON format: `{"sense_index": 1}`.