[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: trouble
Target surface form: trouble
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh <t>trouble</t> is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=trouble%1:09:00:: | definition=a source of difficulty | synonyms=problem | examples=one trouble after another delayed the job; what's the problem?
2. sense_key=trouble%1:11:01:: | definition=an angry disturbance | synonyms=fuss, bother, hassle | examples=he didn't want to make a fuss; they had labor trouble
3. sense_key=trouble%1:11:00:: | definition=an event causing distress or pain | examples=what is the trouble?; heart trouble
4. sense_key=trouble%1:04:02:: | definition=an effort that is inconvenient | synonyms=difficulty | examples=I went to a lot of trouble; he won without any trouble
5. sense_key=trouble%1:12:03:: | definition=a strong feeling of anxiety | synonyms=worry | examples=his worry over the prospect of being fired; it is not work but worry that kills
6. sense_key=trouble%1:26:02:: | definition=an unwanted pregnancy | examples=he got several girls in trouble

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   **Sentence:** "Fresh <t>trouble</t> is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann..."
    *   **Situation:** Deutsche Bank is facing a multi-million pound fine in the USA.
    *   **Relation to previous events:** It follows an "uproar" around the CEO.
    *   **Nature of the "trouble":** It's a negative event/issue causing difficulty for the bank. The text explicitly mentions "problems at home" as a parallel concept.
    *   **Keywords:** "Fresh trouble", "uproar", "problems", "fine", "settle disputes".

2.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `trouble%1:09:00::` | definition: a source of difficulty | synonyms: problem | examples: "one trouble after another delayed the job".
        *   *Analysis:* This fits well. The bank is facing a fine, which is certainly a source of difficulty. The text even uses the word "problems" later ("problems at home"). The example "one trouble after another" parallels "Fresh trouble... following... uproar". It is a concrete issue/situation causing difficulty.

    *   **Sense 2:** `trouble%1:11:01::` | definition: an angry disturbance | synonyms: fuss, bother, hassle | examples: "he didn't want to make a fuss; they had labor trouble".
        *   *Analysis:* This usually refers to social unrest or a commotion. While there was an "uproar", the "trouble" refers to the fine/legal issue itself, which is a problem/difficulty, not just an angry disturbance (though it causes one). "Labor trouble" is a specific collocation. This doesn't fit as well as "source of difficulty".

    *   **Sense 3:** `trouble%1:11:00::` | definition: an event causing distress or pain | examples: "what is the trouble?; heart trouble".
        *   *Analysis:* This sense often implies medical issues ("heart trouble") or specific distressing events. While the fine is distressing, Sense 1's "source of difficulty" is a broader and more standard definition for "trouble" in a corporate/news context referring to legal/financial woes. Sense 3 is often closer to physical ailments or specific instances of distress rather than the abstract concept of a problematic situation.

    *   **Sense 4:** `trouble%1:04:02::` | definition: an effort that is inconvenient | synonyms: difficulty | examples: "I went to a lot of trouble".
        *   *Analysis:* This refers to the *exertion* or *effort* involved in doing something (e.g., "I took the trouble to call"). The context here is about a negative event/situation befalling the bank, not an effort the bank is making.

    *   **Sense 5:** `trouble%1:12:03::` | definition: a strong feeling of anxiety | synonyms: worry | examples: "his worry over the prospect of being fired".
        *   *Analysis:* This refers to an emotion. While the bank executives might feel worry, the "trouble" in the sentence refers to the external event (the fine), not the internal feeling.

    *   **Sense 6:** `trouble%1:26:02::` | definition: an unwanted pregnancy.
        *   *Analysis:* Clearly incorrect context.

3.  **Select the Best Sense:**
    *   The context describes a legal/financial issue ("fine", "disputes") which creates difficulty for the entity.
    *   The text explicitly contrasts this new trouble with "problems at home".
    *   Sense 1 defines "trouble" as a "source of difficulty" and lists "problem" as a synonym. This aligns perfectly with the context where the trouble *is* the problem of the fine.
    *   Sense 3 is a runner-up ("event causing distress"), but Sense 1 captures the nature of a corporate/operational "trouble" (synonym: problem) much better. In WordNet hierarchies, specific legal/financial woes usually fall under "difficulty/problem".

4.  **Final Verification:**
    *   Target: "Fresh trouble" = New problem/difficulty.
    *   Sense 1: "a source of difficulty" / synonym "problem".
    *   Match: High.

    Result: Sense 1.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: uproar
Target surface form: uproar
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the <t>uproar</t> around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=uproar%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of commotion and noise and confusion | synonyms=tumult, tumultuousness, garboil
2. sense_key=uproar%1:11:00:: | definition=loud confused noise from many sources | synonyms=hubbub, brouhaha, katzenjammer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Lemma and Context:**
    *   **Lemma:** `uproar`
    *   **Context:** The sentence discusses "Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the *uproar* around Josef Ackermann..." It mentions Deutsche Bank paying a fine, settling disputes, and "problems at home."
    *   **Semantic Analysis:** In this context, "uproar" refers to a situation of public excitement, anger, or controversy surrounding a public figure (Josef Ackermann, CEO). It's not just physical noise (though the word implies metaphorical noise), but rather a "state of commotion and confusion" or a public scandal/outcry.

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `uproar%1:26:00::` | Definition: "a state of commotion and noise and confusion" | Synonyms: `tumult, tumultuousness, garboil`.
        *   This sense captures the abstract state of disorder, disturbance, or public outcry. A scandal creates a state of commotion and confusion in the public sphere or within the corporate environment.
    *   **Sense 2:** `uproar%1:11:00::` | Definition: "loud confused noise from many sources" | Synonyms: `hubbub, brouhaha, katzenjammer`.
        *   This sense focuses on the acoustic phenomenon (noise). While "uproar" can mean loud noise, in the context of a CEO and corporate scandal, it refers to the *situation* or *disturbance* rather than just a collection of sounds. "Brouhaha" and "hubbub" can fit, but the distinction usually lies between the *event/state* (Sense 1) and the *sound* (Sense 2). WordNet often separates states/events (noun.artifact or noun.state or noun.act) from phenomena (noun.phenomenon or noun.event). Let's look at the classification.
        *   Sense 1 (State): Often implies a disturbance of the peace or a scandal.
        *   Sense 2 (Sound): Loud noise.

3.  **Disambiguate:**
    *   The text refers to "the uproar around Josef Ackermann." This is a specific event/situation involving controversy and trouble.
    *   Is it describing a physical loud noise? No, it's describing the turbulent situation/scandal.
    *   Sense 1 ("a state of commotion and noise and confusion") fits the concept of a corporate scandal or public controversy better than Sense 2 ("loud confused noise"). The "uproar" here is the *trouble* and the *commotion* caused by the events surrounding the CEO.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice. It captures the "state of commotion" aspect of the scandal.

4.  **Format Output:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}` where X corresponds to the numbered list provided in the prompt.
    *   Sense 1 is the first candidate.

    *Wait, let me double-check the indices.*
    Candidate 1: sense_key=uproar%1:26:00:: -> Index 1.
    Candidate 2: sense_key=uproar%1:11:00:: -> Index 2.

    The context mentions "Fresh trouble... following... the uproar around Josef Ackermann". This implies a state of affairs, a scandal, or a disturbance.
    Definition 1: "a state of commotion and noise and confusion". This aligns with a public scandal/turmoil.
    Definition 2: "loud confused noise from many sources". This is primarily acoustic.

    The usage "uproar around [Person]" strongly suggests a turbulent situation or controversy (Sense 1).

    Result: Index 1.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: pound
Target surface form: pound
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million <t>pound</t> fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=pound%1:23:09:: | definition=16 ounces avoirdupois | synonyms=lb | examples=he got a hernia when he tried to lift 100 pounds
2. sense_key=pound%1:23:01:: | definition=the basic unit of money in Great Britain and Northern Ireland; equal to 100 pence | synonyms=British pound, British pound sterling, pound sterling, quid
3. sense_key=pound%1:23:10:: | definition=a unit of apothecary weight equal to 12 ounces troy
4. sense_key=pound%1:23:08:: | definition=the basic unit of money in Syria; equal to 100 piasters | synonyms=Syrian pound
5. sense_key=pound%1:23:07:: | definition=the basic unit of money in the Sudan; equal to 100 piasters | synonyms=Sudanese pound
6. sense_key=pound%1:23:05:: | definition=the basic unit of money in Lebanon; equal to 100 piasters | synonyms=Lebanese pound
7. sense_key=pound%1:23:04:: | definition=formerly the basic unit of money in Ireland; equal to 100 pence | synonyms=Irish pound, Irish punt, punt
8. sense_key=pound%1:23:03:: | definition=the basic unit of money in Egypt; equal to 100 piasters | synonyms=Egyptian pound
9. sense_key=pound%1:23:02:: | definition=the basic unit of money in Cyprus; equal to 100 cents | synonyms=Cypriot pound
10. sense_key=pound%1:23:00:: | definition=a nontechnical unit of force equal to the mass of 1 pound with an acceleration of free fall equal to 32 feet/sec/sec | synonyms=lbf.
11. sense_key=pound%1:18:00:: | definition=United States writer who lived in Europe; strongly influenced the development of modern literature (1885-1972) | synonyms=Ezra Pound, Ezra Loomis Pound
12. sense_key=pound%1:10:00:: | definition=a symbol for a unit of currency (especially for the pound sterling in Great Britain) | synonyms=pound sign
13. sense_key=pound%1:06:00:: | definition=a public enclosure for stray or unlicensed dogs | synonyms=dog pound | examples=unlicensed dogs will be taken to the pound
14. sense_key=pound%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of pounding (delivering repeated heavy blows) | synonyms=hammer, hammering, pounding | examples=the sudden hammer of fists caught him off guard; the pounding of feet on the hallway

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The target sentence is "Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA..." and later mentions "Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine...". The key clue here is "multi-million pound fine". This refers to a monetary amount, specifically a currency. The context mentions "Deutsche Bank", "USA", "Euros", and "dollars" as well, but the specific modification of "pound" by "multi-million" in the context of a financial fine strongly indicates currency.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   Sense 1: Unit of weight (16 ounces).
    *   Sense 2: Basic unit of money in Great Britain and Northern Ireland (British pound, pound sterling).
    *   Sense 3: Unit of apothecary weight.
    *   Sense 4: Syrian currency.
    *   Sense 5: Sudanese currency.
    *   Sense 6: Lebanese currency.
    *   Sense 7: Irish currency (formerly).
    *   Sense 8: Egyptian currency.
    *   Sense 9: Cypriot currency.
    *   Sense 10: Unit of force.
    *   Sense 11: Ezra Pound (person).
    *   Sense 12: Symbol for currency (# or £).
    *   Sense 13: Dog pound.
    *   Sense 14: Act of pounding.

3.  **Match context to sense:**
    *   The phrase "multi-million pound fine" means a fine of several million units of currency.
    *   Deutsche Bank is a major international bank, often dealing in major currencies.
    *   While there are several currencies named "pound" (Syrian, Sudanese, Lebanese, Egyptian, Cypriot), the context of international finance, particularly involving a major Western bank like Deutsche Bank and comparison with dollars and Euros, strongly implies the most stable and globally recognized "pound", which is the British pound sterling.
    *   Sense 2 defines "the basic unit of money in Great Britain and Northern Ireland". This matches the intended meaning. The synonyms "British pound", "pound sterling" confirm this.
    *   Sense 1 (weight) is unlikely because a "multi-million pound fine" usually refers to money, not a physical weight of paper/metal, unless it were a very specific shipping context, which this is not. It's a financial news snippet.

4.  **Select the best sense:** Sense 2 is the correct definition for the British currency.

5.  **Format the output:** The user requires a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`. Sense 2 corresponds to index 2.

    *   Wait, let me double-check the indexing. The list starts with 1.
    *   1: weight
    *   2: British money
    *   ...
    *   The target is the British currency.

    Result: `{"sense_index": 2}`.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: usa
Target surface form: USA
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the <t>USA</t>. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=usa%1:15:00:: | definition=North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776 | synonyms=United States, United States of America, America, the States, US
2. sense_key=usa%1:14:00:: | definition=the army of the United States of America; the agency that organizes and trains soldiers for land warfare | synonyms=United States Army, US Army, Army

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target lemma and surface form:**
    *   Lemma: `usa`
    *   Surface form: `USA`

2.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   "Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA"
    *   "Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA."
    *   "...the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it."
    *   "Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars..."
    *   The context discusses a geographical location where legal/financial actions (fines, settlements) are taking place. It mentions "50 states" concept implicitly by referring to the country entity involved in legal jurisdiction.

3.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `usa%1:15:00::` -> Definition: "North American republic containing 50 states... achieved independence in 1776". Synonyms: United States, United States of America, America, the States, US.
        *   This refers to the country/nation-state.
    *   **Sense 2:** `usa%1:14:00::` -> Definition: "the army of the United States of America; the agency that organizes and trains soldiers for land warfare". Synonyms: United States Army, US Army, Army.
        *   This refers specifically to the military branch.

4.  **Disambiguate:**
    *   The context talks about Deutsche Bank paying a fine to authorities in a specific location/jurisdiction.
    *   "Fine in the USA" refers to the country where the legal action happens.
    *   "Past in the USA" refers to business activities within the country.
    *   The text does not mention military operations, soldiers, or the Army. It mentions "credit unions", "financial crisis", "dollars", "fine".
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 (the country) is the correct meaning.

5.  **Format the output:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object like `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   Sense 1 corresponds to index 1.

6.  **Final Output Generation:**
    *   `{"sense_index": 1}`

provider: Parasail


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: problem
Target surface form: problems
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the <t>problems</t> at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=problem%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved | synonyms=job | examples=she and her husband are having problems; it is always a job to contact him
2. sense_key=problem%1:10:00:: | definition=a question raised for consideration or solution | examples=our homework consisted of ten problems to solve
3. sense_key=problem%1:09:00:: | definition=a source of difficulty | synonyms=trouble | examples=one trouble after another delayed the job; what's the problem?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word:** The target lemma is "problem" (surface form: "problems").
2.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is "As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it."
    *   The context talks about Deutsche Bank facing a fine, "fresh trouble," and an "uproar."
    *   The phrase "problems at home" refers to the difficult situations, controversies, or issues the bank is dealing with in Germany (presumably the Ackermann uproar mentioned earlier).
    *   These are not mathematical problems or specific questions to be answered. They are sources of difficulty, distress, or complication for the bank.
3.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `problem%1:26:00::` | definition: a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved | synonyms: job | examples: she and her husband are having problems; it is always a job to contact him.
        *   *Analysis:* This fits well with "having problems" in a relationship or general life. "Problems at home" could fit here, referring to a state of affairs. However, let's look at the other senses. The synonym "job" is specific to a task, which doesn't quite fit "problems at home" for a bank. But the definition "state of difficulty" is close.
    *   **Sense 2:** `problem%1:10:00::` | definition: a question raised for consideration or solution | examples: our homework consisted of ten problems to solve.
        *   *Analysis:* This is clearly about academic or mathematical problems. Not applicable here.
    *   **Sense 3:** `problem%1:09:00::` | definition: a source of difficulty | synonyms: trouble | examples: one trouble after another delayed the job; what's the problem?
        *   *Analysis:* The definition "a source of difficulty" aligns with the context of corporate crises. The synonym "trouble" matches the text "Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels...". The phrase "problems at home" acts as a source of difficulty for the bank. The previous sentence mentions "Fresh trouble". The text explicitly links "problems" with "trouble".
4.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 3:**
    *   Sense 1 ("state of difficulty") often implies a situation to be dealt with.
    *   Sense 3 ("source of difficulty") emphasizes the cause of the difficulty, often synonymous with "trouble".
    *   Context clue: "Fresh **trouble** is following... As if the **problems** at home were not already enough..."
    *   The synonym for Sense 3 is explicitly "trouble". The context uses "trouble" and "problems" almost interchangeably to describe the bank's woes.
    *   Sense 1 examples ("she and her husband are having problems") are interpersonal/general.
    *   Sense 3 examples ("one trouble after another") fit the narrative of accumulating bad news/corporate issues.
    *   In WordNet hierarchies (specifically noun.act vs noun.event or noun.cognition), Sense 3 is often associated with "trouble" (a difficulty or cause of difficulty). Sense 1 is often associated with the abstract state.
    *   However, the specific linkage to the synonym "trouble" in the candidate list and the context word "trouble" appearing just before the target makes Sense 3 the strongest candidate. The problems *are* the trouble.
    *   Let's look closely at the examples for Sense 1: "she and her husband are having problems". This fits "state of difficulty".
    *   Let's look closely at Sense 3: "one trouble after another". This fits the "ongoing saga of bad news" for Deutsche Bank.
    *   Key differentiator: Synonyms. Sense 3 has "trouble". The text has "Fresh trouble". The problems at home are the trouble at home. Therefore, Sense 3 is the best fit.

    *   *Self-Correction/Refinement:* Some WordNet versions might label the "trouble" sense as the "difficulty" sense. Let's check the indices provided.
        *   Sense 1: state of difficulty (syn: job).
        *   Sense 3: source of difficulty (syn: trouble).
        *   Context: "problems at home" = issues/scandals/troubles.
        *   The text explicitly mentions "Fresh trouble" in the preceding sentence.
        *   Therefore, Sense 3 is the intended sense.

5.  **Final Decision:** Sense 3 is the correct choice because the context equates the "problems" with "trouble" (mentioned earlier) and describes a source of difficulty for the bank, matching the definition and synonym provided for that index.

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: home
Target surface form: home
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at <t>home</t> were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=home%1:15:04:: | definition=where you live at a particular time | synonyms=place | examples=deliver the package to my home; he doesn't have a home to go to
2. sense_key=home%1:06:00:: | definition=housing that someone is living in | synonyms=dwelling, domicile, abode, habitation, dwelling house | examples=he built a modest dwelling near the pond; they raise money to provide homes for the homeless
3. sense_key=home%1:15:02:: | definition=the country or state or city where you live | examples=Canadian tariffs enabled United States lumber companies to raise prices at home; his home is New Jersey
4. sense_key=home%1:06:02:: | definition=(baseball) base consisting of a rubber slab where the batter stands; it must be touched by a base runner in order to score | synonyms=home plate, home base, plate | examples=he ruled that the runner failed to touch home
5. sense_key=home%1:15:05:: | definition=the place where you are stationed and from which missions start and end | synonyms=base
6. sense_key=home%1:15:03:: | definition=place where something began and flourished | examples=the United States is the home of basketball
7. sense_key=home%1:26:00:: | definition=an environment offering affection and security | examples=home is where the heart is; he grew up in a good Christian home
8. sense_key=home%1:14:00:: | definition=a social unit living together | synonyms=family, household, house, menage | examples=he moved his family to Virginia; It was a good Christian household
9. sense_key=home%1:06:01:: | definition=an institution where people are cared for | synonyms=nursing home, rest home | examples=a home for the elderly

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: "home"
    *   Target surface form: "home"
    *   Context sentence: "As if the problems at **home** were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it."
    *   Broader context: Deutsche Bank is based in Frankfurt (Germany). It is facing fines in the USA. The sentence contrasts "problems at home" with "the industry giant's past in the USA".

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   *Sense 1:* "where you live at a particular time" (e.g., deliver package to my home).
        *   Fit: No. This refers to a personal residence. Deutsche Bank is an institution.

    *   *Sense 2:* "housing that someone is living in" (synonyms: dwelling, domicile).
        *   Fit: No. Again, refers to physical housing for people, not a geographical scope for a business entity.

    *   *Sense 3:* "the country or state or city where you live" (examples: Canadian tariffs... prices at home; his home is New Jersey).
        *   Fit: Yes. Deutsche Bank is a German bank (Frankfurt-based). The text contrasts "problems at home" (Germany) with "past in the USA". The phrase "at home" is used adverbially/prepositionally here to refer to the entity's country of origin or base of operations, contrasting with foreign operations. This matches the example "Canadian tariffs enabled United States lumber companies to raise prices at home".

    *   *Sense 4:* Baseball base.
        *   Fit: No.

    *   *Sense 5:* "the place where you are stationed and from which missions start and end" (synonyms: base).
        *   Fit: This is close metaphorically, but Sense 3 is the standard WordNet sense for "home" meaning one's country or region, especially in contrast to "abroad" or foreign places. "Problems at home" is a standard collocation referring to domestic issues (national).

    *   *Sense 6:* "place where something began and flourished" (e.g., USA is home of basketball).
        *   Fit: No. This refers to the origin of an invention/concept.

    *   *Sense 7:* "an environment offering affection and security".
        *   Fit: No.

    *   *Sense 8:* "a social unit living together" (synonyms: family).
        *   Fit: No.

    *   *Sense 9:* "an institution where people are cared for".
        *   Fit: No.

3.  **Select the best sense:**
    *   The context explicitly contrasts the USA (foreign) with "home". Since Deutsche Bank is German, "home" refers to Germany.
    *   Sense 3 definition: "the country or state or city where you live".
    *   Sense 3 example: "Canadian tariffs enabled United States lumber companies to raise prices at home". This usage is identical to the target sentence structure "problems at home".
    *   Therefore, Sense 3 is the correct choice.

4.  **Format the output:**
    *   JSON object: {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: industry
Target surface form: industry
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the <t>industry</t> giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=industry%1:14:00:: | definition=the people or companies engaged in a particular kind of commercial enterprise | examples=each industry has its own trade publications
2. sense_key=industry%1:04:00:: | definition=the organized action of making of goods and services for sale | synonyms=manufacture | examples=American industry is making increased use of computers to control production
3. sense_key=industry%1:07:00:: | definition=persevering determination to perform a task | synonyms=diligence, industriousness | examples=his diligence won him quick promotions; frugality and industry are still regarded as virtues

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: `industry`
    *   Target surface form: `industry`
    *   Context snippet: "...the <t>industry</t> giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it..."
    *   Full context: Deutsche Bank is paying a fine. It is referred to as an "industry giant".

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `industry%1:14:00::` | Definition: "the people or companies engaged in a particular kind of commercial enterprise" | Examples: "each industry has its own trade publications".
        *   Analysis: This sense refers to a collective group of companies/people working in a specific sector (e.g., the banking industry, the auto industry). Deutsche Bank is a major player in the banking sector. Calling it an "industry giant" means it is a giant *within* the banking industry. This fits well.
    *   **Sense 2:** `industry%1:04:00::` | Definition: "the organized action of making of goods and services for sale" | Synonyms: manufacture | Examples: "American industry is making increased use of computers..."
        *   Analysis: This sense refers to the abstract concept of economic production or manufacturing activity (often distinguished from agriculture or services, though sometimes used broadly). "Industry giant" in this context doesn't usually mean "a giant of the abstract action of making goods". It refers to the entity within the commercial sector. While banking is a service industry, Sense 1 (entities engaged in enterprise) is the specific meaning when talking about players *in* an industry (e.g., "an industry leader", "an industry giant"). Sense 2 is usually used for "industry" as a whole sector's output or process, not to describe a specific company's status relative to the sector.
    *   **Sense 3:** `industry%1:07:00::` | Definition: "persevering determination to perform a task" | Synonyms: diligence, industriousness.
        *   Analysis: This is a personality trait. Calling Deutsche Bank an "industry giant" doesn't mean a "giant of diligence". It means a giant corporation within its commercial sector. This sense is clearly incorrect here.

3.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   The phrase "industry giant" is a collocation.
    *   "Industry" here refers to the business sector (banking/finance).
    *   Sense 1 emphasizes "people or companies engaged in...". If Deutsche Bank is an "industry giant", it is a giant among the companies engaged in that enterprise.
    *   Sense 2 emphasizes the "action of making goods". Banking is a service, but even if we consider it "financial services", the phrase "industry giant" targets the *group of competitors* or the *sector definition* where the entity holds a high rank.
    *   Let's look at the definition of Sense 1 again: "the people or companies engaged in a particular kind of commercial enterprise". This allows for "the banking industry" or "the industry" as a collective noun for the players. An "industry giant" is a leading member of that group.
    *   Let's look at Sense 2: "the organized action...". An "industry giant" would metaphorically be a giant of the *activity*, but usually, when we say "industry giant", we mean "a giant within the industry (Sense 1)".
    *   Example mapping: "each industry has its own trade publications". This aligns with the idea of specific sectors.
    *   Sense 1 is the standard WordNet sense for "industry" meaning a specific trade or business sector (e.g., banking industry, tech industry).
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.

4.  **Formulate the output:**
    *   The correct sense index is 1.

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: giant
Target surface form: giant
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry <t>giant</t>'s past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=giant%1:05:00:: | definition=any creature of exceptional size
2. sense_key=giant%1:18:01:: | definition=a person of exceptional importance and reputation | synonyms=colossus, behemoth, heavyweight, titan
3. sense_key=giant%1:14:00:: | definition=an unusually large enterprise | examples=Walton built a retail giant
4. sense_key=giant%1:18:03:: | definition=a very large person; impressive in size or qualities | synonyms=hulk, heavyweight, whale
5. sense_key=giant%1:18:00:: | definition=someone or something that is abnormally large and powerful | synonyms=goliath, behemoth, monster, colossus
6. sense_key=giant%1:18:02:: | definition=an imaginary figure of superhuman size and strength; appears in folklore and fairy tales
7. sense_key=giant%1:17:00:: | definition=a very bright star of large diameter and low density (relative to the Sun) | synonyms=giant star

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Word and Context:**
    *   Target lemma: giant
    *   Target surface form: giant
    *   Context snippet: "...the industry <t>giant</t>'s past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay..."
    *   The word "giant" refers to "Deutsche Bank".
    *   Deutsche Bank is a financial institution/business.
    *   The phrase "industry giant" is a common collocation.

2.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses:**
    *   *Sense 1: "any creature of exceptional size"* -> Refers to biological creatures. Deutsche Bank is a corporation, not a creature. Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 2: "a person of exceptional importance and reputation"* -> Refers to individual humans. Deutsche Bank is an organization. Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 3: "an unusually large enterprise" | examples=Walton built a retail giant"* -> Refers to a business/company. "Deutsche Bank" fits the definition of an "unusually large enterprise" perfectly. The example "retail giant" parallels "industry giant".
    *   *Sense 4: "a very large person; impressive in size or qualities"* -> Refers to people. Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 5: "someone or something that is abnormally large and powerful"* -> This is a broader sense that *could* apply metaphorically to an organization, but Sense 3 is specific to "enterprise" (companies). WordNet often distinguishes between the general metaphorical size/power (Sense 5) and the specific domain usage (Sense 3). Sense 3 is a hyponym or a specific instantiation of the concept for business entities. Since there is a specific sense for "enterprise", that is the precise fit.
    *   *Sense 6: "an imaginary figure of superhuman size..."* -> Mythological context. Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 7: "a very bright star..."* -> Astronomical context. Incorrect.

3.  **Select the Best Sense:**
    *   Sense 3 is the only sense specifically defined as an "enterprise" or business.
    *   The context mentions Deutsche Bank, which is a bank/business.
    *   The phrase "industry giant" implies a dominant company in that industry.
    *   The example provided in Sense 3 ("Walton built a retail giant") structurally matches the usage here ("the industry giant").

4.  **Format Output:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object: `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   The chosen index is 3.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: usa
Target surface form: USA
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the <t>USA</t> is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=usa%1:15:00:: | definition=North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776 | synonyms=United States, United States of America, America, the States, US
2. sense_key=usa%1:14:00:: | definition=the army of the United States of America; the agency that organizes and trains soldiers for land warfare | synonyms=United States Army, US Army, Army

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word:** The target lemma is "usa" and the surface form is "USA".
2.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   "Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA"
    *   "Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA."
    *   "...the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it."
    *   "Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars..."
    *   "settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions..."
    *   "The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities."
    *   Contextual clues: "pays fine in the USA", "past in the USA", "Frankfurt-based", "145 million dollars". The context clearly refers to a geographical location/nation-state where legal and financial events are taking place.
3.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** "North American republic containing 50 states..." Synonyms: United States, United States of America, America, the States, US. This refers to the country/nation.
    *   **Sense 2:** "the army of the United States of America; the agency that organizes and trains soldiers for land warfare" Synonyms: United States Army, US Army, Army. This refers specifically to the military branch.
4.  **Match context to senses:**
    *   The sentence discusses a bank paying a fine and legal settlements regarding credit unions and mortgage securities. This happens within the jurisdiction of a country (the USA), not within the Army itself as an organization (though the Army could fine people, the context of "past in the USA", "bankruptcy of credit unions", and "financial crisis" points to the national entity and its legal system, not military justice).
    *   The phrase "in the USA" denotes a geographical/political entity.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.
5.  **Format the output:** The user wants a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`. Since Sense 1 is the correct sense, the index is 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dollar
Target surface form: dollars
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million <t>dollars</t> (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dollar%1:23:00:: | definition=the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents
2. sense_key=dollar%1:21:00:: | definition=a piece of paper money worth one dollar | synonyms=dollar bill, one dollar bill, buck, clam
3. sense_key=dollar%1:21:01:: | definition=a United States coin worth one dollar | examples=the dollar coin has never been popular in the United States
4. sense_key=dollar%1:10:00:: | definition=a symbol of commercialism or greed | synonyms=dollar mark, dollar sign | examples=he worships the almighty dollar; the dollar sign means little to him

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target:**
    *   Target lemma: `dollar`
    *   Target surface form: `dollars`
    *   Context: "Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million <t>dollars</t> (106 million Euros) to settle disputes..."

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `dollar%1:23:00::` | Definition: "the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents".
        *   This refers to the currency unit itself (the standard of value).
        *   Usage: talking about amounts of money (145 million dollars).
        *   Fit: Very high. "145 million dollars" refers to an amount of currency.

    *   **Sense 2:** `dollar%1:21:00::` | Definition: "a piece of paper money worth one dollar" | Synonyms: dollar bill, one dollar bill, buck, clam.
        *   This refers to a physical banknote.
        *   Usage: "I handed him a dollar." "He had a wad of dollars."
        *   Fit: Low. While "145 million dollars" implies the value, in this context, it refers to the monetary amount/unit, not 145 million individual physical pieces of paper. We are talking about a financial transaction figure, not physical objects.

    *   **Sense 3:** `dollar%1:21:01::` | Definition: "a United States coin worth one dollar" | Examples: "the dollar coin has never been popular in the United States".
        *   This refers to a specific coin.
        *   Fit: Very low. The context is about a large fine, definitely not coins.

    *   **Sense 4:** `dollar%1:10:00::` | Definition: "a symbol of commercialism or greed" | Synonyms: dollar mark, dollar sign | Examples: "he worships the almighty dollar".
        *   This is a metaphorical usage.
        *   Fit: Low. The text is reporting a literal financial fine, not making a metaphorical statement about greed (though greed might be the underlying cause, the word "dollars" here specifically denotes the currency amount).

3.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   Sense 1 is the monetary unit. When we say "145 million dollars," we are using "dollar" as the unit of measurement/value. This is the standard usage for financial amounts (e.g., "The cost is ten dollars").
    *   Sense 2 is the physical bill. While often interchangeable in casual speech ("I need a dollar" could mean a bill or a unit of credit), in the context of a specific large sum (145 million), it refers to the abstract monetary unit, not the physical paper. The conversion to Euros further confirms we are talking about currency value units.

4.  **Select the Best Sense:**
    *   Sense 1 is the correct definition for the basic monetary unit. The context is a financial report stating a value in a specific currency.

5.  **Format the Output:**
    *   Must be JSON: `{"sense_index": 1}`.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dispute
Target surface form: disputes
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle <t>disputes</t> arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dispute%1:10:00:: | definition=a disagreement or argument about something important | synonyms=difference, difference of opinion, conflict | examples=he had a dispute with his wife; there were irreconcilable differences
2. sense_key=dispute%1:04:00:: | definition=coming into conflict with | synonyms=contravention

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the candidate senses for the word "disputes" in this sentence.

Context: "Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis."

The word "disputes" here refers to legal conflicts or disagreements that Deutsche Bank needs to settle by paying money. These are financial/legal disputes related to bankruptcy and mortgage securities.

Let me examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=dispute%1:10:00:: | definition=a disagreement or argument about something important | synonyms=difference, difference of opinion, conflict | examples=he had a dispute with his wife; there were irreconcilable differences

2. sense_key=dispute%1:04:00:: | definition=coming into conflict with | synonyms=contravention

Sense 1 refers to a disagreement or argument about something important, with synonyms like "difference of opinion" and "conflict." The examples show personal disputes (with his wife) and irreconcilable differences. This sense is about disagreements between parties.

Sense 2 refers to "coming into conflict with" with the synonym "contravention." This seems more about the act of conflicting or violating something.

In the given context, Deutsche Bank is settling "disputes" - these are legal conflicts or disagreements that need to be resolved through a settlement payment. The disputes are disagreements about financial matters related to bankruptcy and mortgage securities.

This fits well with sense 1 - a disagreement or argument about something important (in this case, financial/legal matters). The "disputes" here are conflicts between parties (Deutsche Bank and others involved in the bankruptcy) that need to be settled.

Sense 2, "coming into conflict with" or "contravention," doesn't fit as well. The text isn't about Deutsche Bank coming into conflict with something; it's about existing disputes that need to be settled.

Therefore, sense 1 is the best match for this context.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bankruptcy
Target surface form: bankruptcy
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the <t>bankruptcy</t> of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bankruptcy%1:26:01:: | definition=a state of complete lack of some abstract property | examples=spiritual bankruptcy; moral bankruptcy
2. sense_key=bankruptcy%1:26:00:: | definition=inability to discharge all your debts as they come due | synonyms=failure | examples=the company had to declare bankruptcy; fraudulent loans led to the failure of many banks
3. sense_key=bankruptcy%1:04:00:: | definition=a legal process intended to insure equality among the creditors of a corporation declared to be insolvent

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: "bankruptcy"
    *   Context sentence: "...settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis."
    *   Broader context: Deutsche Bank is paying a fine to settle disputes related to the financial failure of credit unions.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   Sense 1: "a state of complete lack of some abstract property" (e.g., spiritual bankruptcy).
        *   This is clearly metaphorical. The context talks about financial institutions (credit unions), not abstract moral or spiritual states.
    *   Sense 2: "inability to discharge all your debts as they come due" (synonyms: failure).
        *   This refers to the financial state of insolvency or the act of failing financially.
    *   Sense 3: "a legal process intended to insure equality among the creditors of a corporation declared to be insolvent".
        *   This refers to the specific legal proceeding or court case.

3.  **Evaluate the fit:**
    *   The text says "...arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions".
    *   Credit unions are financial entities. When they go under, they enter a state of insolvency (Sense 2) and usually undergo a legal process (Sense 3).
    *   Let's look at the specific phrasing: "bankruptcy of five major credit unions".
    *   Is it referring to the *state* of being bankrupt (Sense 2) or the *legal process* (Sense 3)?
    *   WordNet sense distinctions can be subtle.
    *   Sense 2 definition: "inability to discharge all your debts...". Examples: "the company had to declare bankruptcy". "Declare bankruptcy" usually refers to initiating the legal process, but the definition focuses on the state of inability.
    *   Sense 3 definition: "a legal process...". This is an act/event in the legal domain.
    *   In financial news, "the bankruptcy of [Company]" often refers to the event/process of filing for bankruptcy or the proceedings that follow.
    *   However, let's look at Sense 2's synonyms: "failure".
    *   Let's look at the context again. "disputes arising from the bankruptcy...". Disputes usually arise from the legal proceedings or the fallout of the collapse.
    *   Often, WordNet distinguishes between the state (insolvency) and the legal act (bankruptcy proceedings).
    *   Let's look at common usage in WordNet annotation.
        *   Sense 2 covers the financial state/condition. "The bankruptcy of the company was inevitable."
        *   Sense 3 covers the legal proceeding. "The bankruptcy lasted for years."
    *   The phrase "bankruptcy of five major credit unions" implies the event/case. When a major institution fails, it triggers a "bankruptcy" (the legal entity/process).
    *   However, Sense 2's definition "inability to discharge all your debts" is the core concept of bankruptcy. In many dictionaries, the state and the legal proceeding are intertwined.
    *   Let's look at the definitions again carefully.
    *   Sense 1: Abstract/Metaphorical. (Incorrect).
    *   Sense 2: "inability to discharge all your debts as they come due". This is the *state* of being bankrupt.
    *   Sense 3: "a legal process...". This is the *procedure*.

    *   The sentence mentions "disputes arising from the bankruptcy". Disputes often arise from the handling of the assets during the legal process. Credit unions failing is a financial event, but "bankruptcy" specifically usually denotes the legal status/process.
    *   Let's check the specific examples provided for Sense 2: "the company had to declare bankruptcy". "Declare bankruptcy" is an act that initiates the legal process, but the sense definition is the state of inability.
    *   Let's check Sense 3 examples (if available in general knowledge of this specific WordNet entry, though not provided in the prompt, I must rely on the definition provided). The definition "legal process intended to insure equality among the creditors" fits the context of a bank paying a fine to settle disputes related to the liquidation/processing of those failed credit unions.
    *   If a credit union fails, the "bankruptcy" is the legal proceeding that distributes assets. The disputes (litigation) arise from that process.
    *   Therefore, Sense 3 seems slightly more precise for "disputes arising from the bankruptcy" (i.e., the bankruptcy proceedings/estate).
    *   However, in general usage, "bankruptcy" often maps to the state of insolvency (Sense 2) in non-legalistic contexts. But this text involves "settle disputes", "fine", "legal crisis". It is a legal/financial context.
    *   Let's compare Sense 2 and Sense 3 again.
    *   Sense 2: The condition of being bankrupt. "The bankruptcy of the firm." (The state of being broke).
    *   Sense 3: The legal process.
    *   Context: "disputes arising from the bankruptcy". Did the disputes arise from the fact they had no money (Sense 2), or from the legal proceedings surrounding the collapse (Sense 3)? Usually, disputes regarding the sale of mortgage securities (mentioned in the text) happen during the liquidation/proceedings.
    *   Wait, checking WordNet 3.1 structure:
        *   1: state of lacking abstract property.
        *   2: inability to discharge debts (state).
        *   3: legal process (act).
    *   In financial journalism, "The bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers" refers to the event/legal case. It's an event noun here. "During the financial crisis" helps frame it as a historical event.
    *   Sense 2 is defined as a state ("inability..."). Sense 3 is defined as a process.
    *   "Bankruptcy of five major credit unions" refers to the event/case, not just the static state of owing money. You don't have "disputes arising from the inability to pay" as directly as "disputes arising from the bankruptcy [case/proceedings]".
    *   Also, credit unions often don't go through standard bankruptcy (Chapter 11/7) but are conserved/liquidated by NCUA (National Credit Union Administration). However, the text uses the word "bankruptcy".
    *   Given the choice between State (Sense 2) and Legal Process (Sense 3), the Legal Process fits "disputes arising from..." and the context of legal settlements ($145 million fine).
    *   Let's look at Sense 2 synonyms: "failure". "The failure of five major credit unions". This works linguistically. "The bankruptcy of five major credit unions". This works.
    *   However, Sense 3 is specific to the legal mechanism. If we look at the "sale of mortgage securities" mentioned, these are assets handled within the bankruptcy proceedings.
    *   I will lean towards Sense 3 because "disputes arising from the bankruptcy" implies the legal entity or the proceedings where specific actions (like sale of securities) are challenged or settled. Sense 2 is just the state of being broke. You don't typically have complex legal disputes arising merely from the state of being broke, but from the legal administration of that state (Sense 3).

    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 2 vs Sense 3.
    *   Example for Sense 2: "fraudulent loans led to the failure of many banks". This refers to the collapse/state.
    *   Context: "...settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions..."
    *   If I say "The bankruptcy caused a lot of stress," I refer to the state.
    *   If I say "The bankruptcy took 5 years," I refer to the process.
    *   Here, "disputes arising from the bankruptcy". The disputes (legal challenges) arise from the process. The settlement is paid to resolve issues within that context.
    *   Also, Sense 3 definition "legal process intended to insure equality among the creditors" matches the context of a bank paying a fine to settle disputes related to the distribution/handling of the failed credit unions' assets.

    *   Decision: Sense 3 is the best fit because the context involves legal disputes, fines, and the financial crisis aftermath where the "bankruptcy" refers to the legal proceedings/cases of the credit unions, not just their state of insolvency.

    *   Let's double check Sense 1. Definitely not.
    *   Let's double check Sense 2. If I use the synonym "failure": "disputes arising from the failure of five major credit unions". This sounds acceptable, but usually "bankruptcy" implies the legal structure in this specific context (financial news about fines/settlements). The definition of Sense 2 is a state. The definition of Sense 3 is a process. "Bankruptcy" in "bankruptcy of [institution]" acts as a noun denoting the event of filing/processing.
    *   Therefore, Sense 3.

    *   Wait, I should check if Sense 2 in WordNet sometimes covers the legal event. WordNet 3.0/3.1 glosses:
        *   bankruptcy%1:26:00:: (state) "inability to discharge all your debts as they come due"
        *   bankruptcy%1:04:00:: (act) "a legal process intended to insure equality among the creditors of a corporation declared to be insolvent"
    *   In the context "disputes arising from the bankruptcy", it is the legal process (Sense 3) that generates the disputes (regarding asset sales, creditor payouts, etc.), rather than the abstract state of inability to pay debts (Sense 2).

    *   Conclusion: Sense 3.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: issue
Target surface form: issue
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The <t>issue</t> centres on the sale of mortgage securities. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major banks of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=issue%1:09:01:: | definition=an important question that is in dispute and must be settled | examples=the issue could be settled by requiring public education for everyone; politicians never discuss the real issues
2. sense_key=issue%1:10:00:: | definition=one of a series published periodically | synonyms=number | examples=she found an old issue of the magazine in her dentist's waiting room
3. sense_key=issue%1:09:00:: | definition=some situation or event that is thought about | synonyms=topic, subject, matter | examples=he kept drifting off the topic; he had been thinking about the subject for several years
4. sense_key=issue%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of providing an item for general use or for official purposes (usually in quantity) | synonyms=issuing, issuance | examples=a new issue of stamps; the last issue of penicillin was over a month ago
5. sense_key=issue%1:21:01:: | definition=supplies (as food or clothing or ammunition) issued by the government | synonyms=military issue, government issue
6. sense_key=issue%1:21:00:: | definition=the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property | synonyms=return, take, takings, proceeds, yield, payoff | examples=the average return was about 5%
7. sense_key=issue%1:19:00:: | definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | synonyms=consequence, effect, outcome, result, event, upshot | examples=the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise; his decision had depressing consequences for business
8. sense_key=issue%1:18:00:: | definition=the immediate descendants of a person | synonyms=offspring, progeny | examples=she was the mother of many offspring; he died without issue
9. sense_key=issue%1:11:00:: | definition=the becoming visible | synonyms=emergence, egress | examples=not a day's difference between the emergence of the andrenas and the opening of the willow catkins
10. sense_key=issue%1:06:00:: | definition=an opening that permits escape or release | synonyms=exit, outlet, way out | examples=he blocked the way out; the canyon had only one issue
11. sense_key=issue%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of issuing printed materials | synonyms=publication

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   Sentence: "The <t>issue</t> centres on the sale of mortgage securities."
    *   Surrounding context: Deutsche Bank is paying a fine. There's a dispute arising from the bankruptcy of credit unions. The bank misled credit unions.
    *   Meaning of "issue" here: It refers to the matter, the problem, the subject of the dispute/investigation. It is the central point of contention or the topic being discussed/investigated. "The issue centres on..." means "The matter/problem centres on..."

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   *Sense 1:* "an important question that is in dispute and must be settled" | examples: "the issue could be settled...", "politicians never discuss the real issues".
        *   Fit: Very high. The context involves a legal dispute, a fine, and a settlement. There is a conflict between the bank and the regulator. The core of this conflict (the "issue") is the sale of mortgage securities. It fits the definition of an important question/matter in dispute.

    *   *Sense 2:* "one of a series published periodically" (like a magazine issue).
        *   Fit: Incorrect. This is about a bank fine, not a publication.

    *   *Sense 3:* "some situation or event that is thought about" | synonyms: topic, subject, matter.
        *   Fit: Possible. It's close to Sense 1. Sense 3 is broader ("situation or event that is thought about"). Sense 1 implies dispute and settlement. Given the context of fines, accusations, and bankruptcy, the "dispute/settlement" aspect of Sense 1 is more precise than just a general "topic". "The issue centres on..." suggests a specific point of contention or problem within a legal/business conflict, not just a general topic of thought. However, in many WordNet hierarchies, these senses are related. Let's look at the specific glosses. Sense 1 says "in dispute". The text explicitly mentions "settle disputes". This points strongly to Sense 1 over Sense 3.

    *   *Sense 4:* "the act of providing an item... (usually in quantity)" (issuance).
        *   Fit: Incorrect. "The issuance centres on..." doesn't make sense grammatically or semantically here. While securities are "issued", the word "issue" here acts as the subject referring to the *matter* (the dispute), not the act of issuance.

    *   *Sense 5:* "supplies... issued by the government".
        *   Fit: Incorrect.

    *   *Sense 6:* "the income or profit...".
        *   Fit: Incorrect.

    *   *Sense 7:* "a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon" (consequence).
        *   Fit: Incorrect. It's not a result; it's the subject matter of the dispute.

    *   *Sense 8:* "the immediate descendants...".
        *   Fit: Incorrect.

    *   *Sense 9:* "the becoming visible".
        *   Fit: Incorrect.

    *   *Sense 10:* "an opening that permits escape...".
        *   Fit: Incorrect.

    *   *Sense 11:* "the act of issuing printed materials".
        *   Fit: Incorrect.

3.  **Comparison of Sense 1 vs Sense 3:**
    *   Sense 3 (topic/matter) is a hypernym/super-set of Sense 1 in some ontologies, or a closely related sibling. The specific examples for Sense 3 are "he kept drifting off the topic", "thinking about the subject".
    *   Sense 1 (disputed question) examples are "the issue could be settled", "politicians never discuss the real issues".
    *   The context here is legal and financial conflict: "settle disputes", "fine", "accuses", "mislead".
    *   Therefore, the "issue" is something that is in dispute and needs to be settled.
    *   "The issue centres on..." = "The point of dispute centres on..."
    *   Sense 1 captures the nuance of conflict/dispute better than Sense 3. Sense 1 is the standard definition for "issue" in business/legal contexts (e.g., "legal issue", "the issue at hand").

4.  **Final Decision:**
    *   The context describes a dispute ("settle disputes", "accuses", "fine").
    *   The target lemma refers to the subject of that dispute.
    *   Sense 1 defines it as "an important question that is in dispute and must be settled".
    *   This matches the context perfectly.

5.  **Output Formatting:**
    *   Return JSON: `{"sense_index": 1}`.

provider: Together


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sale
Target surface form: sale
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the <t>sale</t> of mortgage securities. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major banks of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sale%1:04:00:: | definition=a particular instance of selling | examples=he has just made his first sale; they had to complete the sale before the banks closed
2. sense_key=sale%1:04:02:: | definition=the general activity of selling | examples=they tried to boost sales; laws limit the sale of handguns
3. sense_key=sale%1:04:01:: | definition=an occasion (usually brief) for buying at specially reduced prices | synonyms=cut-rate sale, sales event | examples=they held a sale to reduce their inventory; I got some great bargains at their annual sale
4. sense_key=sale%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being purchasable; offered or exhibited for selling | examples=you'll find vitamin C for sale at most pharmacies; the new line of cars will soon be on sale
5. sense_key=sale%1:10:00:: | definition=an agreement (or contract) in which property is transferred from the seller (vendor) to the buyer (vendee) for a fixed price in money (paid or agreed to be paid by the buyer) | synonyms=sales agreement | examples=the salesman faxed the sales agreement to his home office

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: `sale`
    *   Context: "The issue centres on the **sale** of mortgage securities." The text describes Deutsche Bank paying a fine to settle disputes regarding the bankruptcy of credit unions. The bank is accused of misleading credit unions into buying financial products (mortgage securities).
    *   The phrase "sale of mortgage securities" refers to the act or process of selling these specific financial instruments to the credit unions. It is not a specific event like a "garage sale" nor is it a contract document itself (though a contract exists), nor is it about availability ("on sale").

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `sale%1:04:00::` - "a particular instance of selling". Examples: "he has just made his first sale".
        *   This refers to a specific act of selling a specific thing to a specific buyer. The context mentions "the sale of mortgage securities" generally leading to disputes. While individual transactions happened, the phrase "the sale of mortgage securities" usually refers to the broader activity or a specific instance? Let's look at Sense 2.

    *   **Sense 2:** `sale%1:04:02::` - "the general activity of selling". Examples: "they tried to boost sales", "laws limit the sale of handguns".
        *   The phrase "laws limit the sale of handguns" is very similar structurally to "The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities". In both cases, "sale" refers to the general practice or activity of selling that category of items. It encompasses the process undertaken by the bank (the seller) to transfer the securities to the credit unions (the buyers). The text says the NCUA accuses banks of misleading credit unions into buying products. This implies a pattern of activity or the business operation of selling these products.

    *   **Sense 3:** `sale%1:04:01::` - "an occasion (usually brief) for buying at specially reduced prices". Synonyms: cut-rate sale, sales event.
        *   This is the "bargain sale" sense. The context is about high finance, mortgage-backed securities, and bankruptcy settlements, not a discount event. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 4:** `sale%1:26:00::` - "the state of being purchasable; offered or exhibited for selling". Examples: "vitamin C for sale".
        *   This is often used in the phrase "for sale" or "on sale". The context is "the sale of...", which denotes the action/activity, not the state of availability. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 5:** `sale%1:10:00::` - "an agreement (or contract) in which property is transferred...". Synonyms: sales agreement.
        *   This refers to the legal document. While a sale involves a contract, "the sale of mortgage securities" usually refers to the business act or the transactions collectively, not the physical contract itself. If the text said "the sale was signed," it might be this sense. But "the issue centres on the sale" refers to the misconduct during the selling process/activity.

3.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   Sense 1 is "a particular instance of selling".
    *   Sense 2 is "the general activity of selling".
    *   Context: "The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities." The dispute arises from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions, implying multiple transactions or a systemic issue. The NCUA accuses "a string of major banks" of misleading credit unions. This suggests a pattern of behavior or a business line. The phrase "sale of [product category]" usually maps to the activity sense (Sense 2) in WordNet (cf. the example "laws limit the sale of handguns"). If it were a specific instance, the text might say "the sale of a specific security to a specific union," but here it discusses the broader context of these financial products being sold (activity).
    *   However, let's look closer. Is it a specific instance? No, it's a collection of instances or the practice. The fine settles disputes arising from bankruptcy. The "sale" here represents the aggregate of transactions. Therefore, "general activity" (Sense 2) fits better than "a particular instance" (Sense 1).
    *   Let's check the example for Sense 2: "laws limit the sale of handguns". This matches "sale of mortgage securities". It denotes the traffic or trade of these goods.

4.  **Final Selection:** Sense 2.

    *   Sense 1: "he has just made his first sale" (count noun, specific event).
    *   Sense 2: "sale of handguns" (mass noun/abstract noun usage denoting activity/trade).
    *   Context: "sale of mortgage securities". This is the business activity/trade of these securities.

    Therefore, Sense 2 is the correct choice.

    Wait, let me double-check if it could be Sense 1. "The sale of the house went through." (Sense 1/5). "The sale of cigarettes to minors is illegal." (Sense 2). The context says "The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities." It functions like "The issue centres on the selling of mortgage securities." This is the activity.

    Therefore, Index 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: regulator
Target surface form: regulator
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market <t>regulator</t>, accuses a string of major banks of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products. The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=regulator%1:06:00:: | definition=any of various controls or devices for regulating or controlling fluid flow, pressure, temperature, etc.
2. sense_key=regulator%1:18:00:: | definition=an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest
3. sense_key=regulator%1:06:01:: | definition=a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine (as by controlling the supply of fuel) | synonyms=governor

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: regulator
    *   Context sentence snippet: "The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market <t>regulator</t>, accuses a string of major banks..."
    *   Broader context: Deutsche Bank fine, financial crisis, credit unions, supervision of financial markets.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   Sense 1: `regulator%1:06:00::` - Definition: "any of various controls or devices for regulating or controlling fluid flow, pressure, temperature, etc." (Artifact/Device sense).
    *   Sense 2: `regulator%1:18:00::` - Definition: "an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest" (Person/Role/Organization sense).
    *   Sense 3: `regulator%1:06:01::` - Definition: "a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine (as by controlling the supply of fuel)" (Artifact/Device sense, synonym: governor).

3.  **Evaluate Sense 1:**
    *   Does it fit? Is the NCUA a device controlling fluid flow? No. It's an organization. This is the wrong semantic field.

4.  **Evaluate Sense 3:**
    *   Does it fit? Is the NCUA a mechanical governor for a machine's speed? No. This is the wrong semantic field.

5.  **Evaluate Sense 2:**
    *   Does it fit? Is the NCUA an "official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest"?
    *   Context check: The NCUA (National Credit Union Administration) is a US government agency. It supervises credit unions. It is described as a "financial market regulator".
    *   Mapping: The definition mentions "official", but in WordNet, this sense often extends to agencies or bodies acting in that capacity. The core definition "control and supervision of a particular activity" matches perfectly with "financial market regulator".

6.  **Select the best sense:**
    *   Sense 2 is clearly the correct one in this context. It refers to a regulatory body/organization/official.

7.  **Format the output:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object: `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   Sense 2 is the correct index.

8.  **Final Output Construction:**
    *   `{"sense_index": 2}`

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: string
Target surface form: string
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a <t>string</t> of major banks of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products. The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=string%1:06:00:: | definition=a lightweight cord | synonyms=twine
2. sense_key=string%1:06:05:: | definition=stringed instruments that are played with a bow | synonyms=bowed stringed instrument | examples=the strings played superlatively well
3. sense_key=string%1:06:03:: | definition=a tightly stretched cord of wire or gut, which makes sound when plucked, struck, or bowed
4. sense_key=string%1:14:00:: | definition=a sequentially ordered set of things or events or ideas in which each successive member is related to the preceding | synonyms=train | examples=a string of islands; train of mourners
5. sense_key=string%1:10:00:: | definition=a linear sequence of symbols (characters or words or phrases)
6. sense_key=string%1:06:01:: | definition=a tie consisting of a cord that goes through a seam around an opening | synonyms=drawstring, drawing string | examples=he pulled the drawstring and closed the bag
7. sense_key=string%1:27:00:: | definition=a tough piece of fiber in vegetables, meat, or other food (especially the tough fibers connecting the two halves of a bean pod)
8. sense_key=string%1:17:00:: | definition=(cosmology) a hypothetical one-dimensional subatomic particle having a concentration of energy and the dynamic properties of a flexible loop | synonyms=cosmic string
9. sense_key=string%1:06:04:: | definition=a collection of objects threaded on a single strand
10. sense_key=string%1:06:02:: | definition=a necklace made by a stringing objects together | synonyms=chain, strand | examples=a string of beads; a strand of pearls

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word "string" is used in the context: "The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major banks of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products."

Here, "a string of major banks" means a sequence or series of major banks.
Looking at the candidate senses:
Sense 1: lightweight cord
Sense 2: stringed instruments
Sense 3: tightly stretched cord for sound
Sense 4: a sequentially ordered set of things or events or ideas in which each successive member is related to the preceding | synonyms=train | examples=a string of islands; train of mourners
Sense 5: a linear sequence of symbols
Sense 6: drawstring
Sense 7: tough fiber in food
Sense 8: cosmic string
Sense 9: a collection of objects threaded on a single strand
Sense 10: a necklace made by stringing objects together | synonyms=chain, strand

Sense 4 perfectly matches "a string of major banks", meaning a sequentially ordered set of things or events (a series of banks). The example "a string of islands" is also very similar to "a string of major banks".

Therefore, sense 4 is the correct one.

Index is 4.

provider: SiliconFlow


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bank
Target surface form: banks
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major <t>banks</t> of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products. The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) | examples=they pulled the canoe up on the bank; he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile | examples=a huge bank of earth
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers | examples=he operated a bank of switches
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games | examples=he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force | synonyms=cant, camber
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home | synonyms=savings bank, coin bank, money box | examples=the coin bank was empty
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building | examples=the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning) | examples=the plane went into a steep bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target lemma and form:**
    *   Target lemma: "bank"
    *   Target surface form: "banks" (plural noun)

2.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   The text discusses "Deutsche Bank," "multi-million pound fine," "financial crisis," "mortgage securities," "National Credit Union Administration," "credit unions," "financial products."
    *   The specific sentence containing the target is: "The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major **banks** of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products."
    *   The context is clearly financial/commercial. The "banks" are entities accused of misleading credit unions and selling securities.

3.  **Evaluate the candidate senses:**

    *   *Sense 1 (sloping land):* "sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water)". Does not fit the financial context.
    *   *Sense 2 (financial institution):* "a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities". Synonyms: "depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company". Examples: "he cashed a check at the bank". This fits perfectly. The text refers to major financial institutions like Deutsche Bank being accused of misconduct.
    *   *Sense 3 (ridge/pile):* "a long ridge or pile". Does not fit.
    *   *Sense 4 (arrangement of objects):* "an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers". Does not fit.
    *   *Sense 5 (supply/stock):* "a supply or stock held in reserve". Does not fit.
    *   *Sense 6 (gambling funds):* "the funds held by a gambling house". Does not fit.
    *   *Sense 7 (road slope):* "a slope in the turn of a road or track". Does not fit.
    *   *Sense 8 (container for money):* "a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home". Does not fit.
    *   *Sense 9 (building):* "a building in which the business of banking transacted". Synonyms: "bank building". While the banks operate in buildings, the text refers to the institutions (legal entities) being accused ("accuses a string of major banks..."). Sense 2 covers the institution, whereas Sense 9 covers the physical structure. Legal accusations are made against institutions, not buildings. Therefore, Sense 2 is superior to Sense 9.
    *   *Sense 10 (flight maneuver):* "aircraft tips laterally". Does not fit.

4.  **Select the best indexed sense:**
    *   Sense 2 is the definition of a bank as a financial institution.
    *   The context discusses financial regulation, fines, and securities sales.
    *   "A string of major banks" refers to the corporate entities.
    *   Therefore, Sense 2 is the correct choice.

5.  **Format the output:**
    *   The user requires a JSON object: `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   The chosen index is 2.

provider: Friendli