[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rope
Target surface form: ropes
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on <t>ropes</t> attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rope%1:06:00:: | definition=a strong line
2. sense_key=rope%1:06:01:: | definition=street names for flunitrazepan | synonyms=R-2, Mexican valium, rophy, roofy, roach, forget me drug

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Word:**
    *   Lemma: `rope`
    *   Surface form: `ropes`
    *   Part of Speech: Noun (implied by the definitions provided).

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The text describes "change-ringing" in an English church setting.
    *   It mentions a tower, bells, and people pulling "rhythmically on <t>ropes</t> attached to the same five bells".
    *   Physical action: Pulling on these objects to ring bells.
    *   Physical attributes: They are attached to bells. They are used for pulling.

3.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `rope%1:06:00::` | Definition: "a strong line".
        *   This refers to a thick cord or string made by twisting strands of fiber (hemp, nylon, etc.) together.
        *   Fits the context: Bell-ringers pull on ropes to ring church bells. This is a literal usage of a physical rope.
    *   **Sense 2:** `rope%1:06:01::` | Definition: "street names for flunitrazepan" | Synonyms: R-2, Mexican valium, rophy, roofy, roach, forget me drug.
        *   This refers to the drug Rohypnol (slang).
        *   Context mismatch: The text talks about church bells and physical pulling in a tower. It does not talk about drugs.

4.  **Determine the Best Sense:**
    *   Sense 1 is the clear correct choice. The context describes the physical object used to ring bells. Bell ropes are a specific type of "strong line".
    *   Sense 2 is irrelevant slang for a drug.

5.  **Format the Output:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   The sense corresponding to `rope%1:06:00::` is the first one listed (index 1). Note: Usually, indices are 1-based in these prompts unless specified otherwise. The prompt asks for "indexed sense". I will assume 1-based indexing where "1" corresponds to the first candidate.

    Candidate 1: sense_key=rope%1:06:00:: (Correct)
    Candidate 2: sense_key=rope%1:06:01:: (Incorrect)

    Therefore, the sense index is 1.

provider: Baidu


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: same
Target surface form: same
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the <t>same</t> five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=same%3:00:02:: | definition=same in identity | examples=the same man I saw yesterday; never wore the same dress twice
2. sense_key=same%3:00:00:: | definition=closely similar or comparable in kind or quality or quantity or degree | examples=curtains the same color as the walls; two girls of the same age
3. sense_key=same%3:00:04:: | definition=equal in amount or value | synonyms=like | examples=like amounts; equivalent amounts
4. sense_key=same%5:00:00:unchanged:00 | definition=unchanged in character or nature | examples=the village stayed the same; his attitude is the same as ever

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully.

The sentence is:
"In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614."

The key phrase is "the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614."

This means that the bells being pulled now are the identical bells that were there in 1614 - they are one and the same physical objects.

Let me evaluate each sense:

1. sense_key=same%3:00:02:: | definition=same in identity | examples=the same man I saw yesterday; never wore the same dress twice
- This means identical - the exact same object/entity. The examples show "the same man" (one person) and "the same dress" (one dress worn multiple times).

2. sense_key=same%3:00:00:: | definition=closely similar or comparable in kind or quality or quantity or degree | examples=curtains the same color as the walls; two girls of the same age
- This is about similarity, not identity. Like two different girls who happen to be the same age.

3. sense_key=same%3:00:04:: | definition=equal in amount or value | synonyms=like | examples=like amounts; equivalent amounts
- This is about equality in amount/value.

4. sense_key=same%5:00:00:unchanged:00 | definition=unchanged in character or nature | examples=the village stayed the same; his attitude is the same as ever
- This is about remaining unchanged over time.

Now, let me think about what "the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614" means:

The sentence says that the bells being used now are "the same five bells" that were there in 1614. This could mean:
- The identical physical bells (same identity) - these are the exact same bells from 1614
- Five bells that are similar in some way to the original bells

Given the context - an ancient church, rural England, tradition - the text is emphasizing continuity with the past. The bells being pulled now are the actual physical bells from 1614. This is about identity, not similarity.

However, I need to think about whether this could also be sense 4 (unchanged). The bells themselves are unchanged in character - they're the same physical bells. But the structure of the sentence is "the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614" which is identifying them as the identical bells, not describing a state of being unchanged.

Let me reconsider. The phrase "the same X that..." typically indicates identity - it's pointing to the same entity. Like "the same man that I saw yesterday" - it's one man, identical.

Sense 1 (same in identity) seems most appropriate. The five bells are the identical physical bells from 1614.

Wait, but I should also consider: the word "same" in "the same five bells" - is it modifying "five" or is it saying these are the identical bells?

"The same five bells that first sounded here in 1614" - this construction strongly suggests these are the identical bells. The relative clause "that first sounded here in 1614" identifies them as specific historical bells, and "same" reinforces that these are those exact bells.

So sense 1 (same in identity) is the correct choice.

Actually, let me double-check. The examples for sense 1 are:
- "the same man I saw yesterday" - one identical person
- "never wore the same dress twice" - one identical dress worn on different occasions

This fits perfectly. "The same five bells that first sounded here in 1614" means these are the identical bells from 1614.

My answer is sense_index: 1.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: DeepInfra

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bell
Target surface form: bells
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five <t>bells</t> that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bell%1:06:00:: | definition=a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck
2. sense_key=bell%1:06:02:: | definition=a push button at an outer door that gives a ringing or buzzing signal when pushed | synonyms=doorbell, buzzer
3. sense_key=bell%1:11:00:: | definition=the sound of a bell being struck | synonyms=toll | examples=saved by the bell; she heard the distant toll of church bells
4. sense_key=bell%1:28:00:: | definition=(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units of nautical time signaled by strokes of a ship's bell; eight bells signals 4:00, 8:00, or 12:00 o'clock, either a.m. or p.m. | synonyms=ship's bell
5. sense_key=bell%1:25:00:: | definition=the shape of a bell | synonyms=bell shape, campana
6. sense_key=bell%1:18:02:: | definition=a phonetician and father of Alexander Graham Bell (1819-1905) | synonyms=Melville Bell, Alexander Melville Bell
7. sense_key=bell%1:18:01:: | definition=English painter; sister of Virginia Woolf; prominent member of the Bloomsbury Group (1879-1961) | synonyms=Vanessa Bell, Vanessa Stephen
8. sense_key=bell%1:18:00:: | definition=United States inventor (born in Scotland) of the telephone (1847-1922) | synonyms=Alexander Bell, Alexander Graham Bell
9. sense_key=bell%1:06:04:: | definition=a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument | synonyms=chime, gong
10. sense_key=bell%1:06:03:: | definition=the flared opening of a tubular device

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Lemma and Form:**
    *   Lemma: `bell`
    *   Surface form: `bells` (plural noun).

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The text describes "change-ringing" in an English village church.
    *   Mentions: "ancient stone church", "sound of bells cascading from its tower", "calling the faithful to evensong".
    *   Specific sentence with target: "...pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five **bells** that first sounded here in 1614."
    *   Activity: Change-ringing, pulling ropes, tower, church. These are physical objects made of metal that are rung by pulling ropes.

3.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1: `bell%1:06:00::` | definition=a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck**
        *   This is the basic definition of a church bell. Church bells are hollow metal devices. The context mentions "pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells". This fits perfectly. They are physical objects in a tower used for ringing.

    *   **Sense 2: `bell%1:06:02::` | definition=a push button at an outer door... | synonyms=doorbell, buzzer**
        *   Incorrect. These are large church bells, not doorbells.

    *   **Sense 3: `bell%1:11:00::` | definition=the sound of a bell being struck | synonyms=toll**
        *   The target word "bells" refers to the physical objects attached to ropes ("pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five *bells*").
        *   Note: Earlier in the text ("sound of bells cascading"), the word "bells" might be used more abstractly regarding sound, but the specific target instance linked by the annotation ("attached to the same five <t>bells</t>") refers to the physical instruments. Even if it referred to the sound, Sense 1 is the primary physical object sense. However, looking closely at the markup: "ropes attached to the same five <t>bells</t>". Ropes are attached to physical devices, not sound waves. Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

    *   **Sense 4: `bell%1:28:00::` | definition=(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units...**
        *   Incorrect. Context is a church, not a ship.

    *   **Sense 5: `bell%1:25:00::` | definition=the shape of a bell**
        *   Incorrect. Refers to shape, not the object itself.

    *   **Sense 6, 7, 8:** Proper nouns (people). Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 9: `bell%1:06:04::` | definition=a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells... | synonyms=chime, gong**
        *   This definition usually refers to orchestral chimes/tubular bells. While church bells are percussion instruments, WordNet distinguishes between the generic "hollow device" (Sense 1) and the specific orchestral instrument "chime/gong" (Sense 9). The context is change-ringing in a church tower, not an orchestral setting. Sense 1 is the standard definition for church bells.

    *   **Sense 10: `bell%1:06:03::` | definition=the flared opening of a tubular device**
        *   Incorrect.

4.  **Select Best Sense:**
    *   The context clearly describes physical church bells used for change-ringing.
    *   "pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells" -> Physical object.
    *   Sense 1 defines the physical metal device.

5.  **Final Verification:**
    *   Target: "ropes attached to the same five bells".
    *   Sense 1: "hollow device made of metal".
    *   Match: Yes.

    *   Target JSON format: `{"sense_index": 1}`.

provider: Parasail


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: first
Target surface form: first
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that <t>first</t> sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=first%4:02:00:: | definition=before anything else | synonyms=firstly, foremost, first of all, first off | examples=first we must consider the garter snake
2. sense_key=first%4:02:02:: | definition=the initial time | synonyms=for the first time | examples=when Felix first saw a garter snake
3. sense_key=first%4:02:03:: | definition=before another in time, space, or importance | examples=I was here first; let's do this job first
4. sense_key=first%4:02:01:: | definition=prominently forward | synonyms=foremost | examples=he put his best foot foremost

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "first" in the context: "the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614."

Let me analyze the context:
- This is about bells that "first sounded here in 1614"
- The meaning is about the initial/first time these bells were heard/sounded at this location
- It's indicating the initial occurrence of an event (the bells sounding)

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=first%4:02:00:: | definition=before anything else | synonyms=firstly, foremost, first of all, first off | examples=first we must consider the garter snake
- This is more about doing something before other actions, like "first we must do X" - it's about sequence of actions

2. sense_key=first%4:02:02:: | definition=the initial time | synonyms=for the first time | examples=when Felix first saw a garter snake
- This is about the initial time something happened - "when Felix first saw" - this matches the context where bells "first sounded" - it's marking the initial occurrence

3. sense_key=first%4:02:03:: | definition=before another in time, space, or importance | examples=I was here first; let's do this job first
- This is about being before someone else in order/priority - "I was here first"

4. sense_key=first%4:02:01:: | definition=prominently forward | synonyms=foremost | examples=he put his best foot foremost
- This is about position/direction, being at the front

The context "the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614" is clearly about the initial time the bells made sound at this location. This matches sense 2 - "the initial time" with the example "when Felix first saw a garter snake."

Both the example and the context use "first" to mark the initial occurrence of an event. The bells first sounded = the initial time they sounded.

So the answer should be sense_index: 2

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sound
Target surface form: sounded
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first <t>sounded</t> here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sound%2:39:06:: | definition=appear in a certain way | examples=This sounds interesting
2. sense_key=sound%2:39:00:: | definition=make a certain noise or sound | synonyms=go | examples=She went `Mmmmm'; The gun went `bang'
3. sense_key=sound%2:39:03:: | definition=give off a certain sound or sounds | examples=This record sounds scratchy
4. sense_key=sound%2:39:02:: | definition=announce by means of a sound | examples=sound the alarm
5. sense_key=sound%2:32:00:: | definition=utter with vibrating vocal chords | synonyms=voice, vocalize, vocalise
6. sense_key=sound%2:39:01:: | definition=cause to sound | examples=sound the bell; sound a certain note
7. sense_key=sound%2:30:00:: | definition=measure the depth of (a body of water) with a sounding line | synonyms=fathom

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and determine which sense of "sounded" is being used.

In the context, the sentence is:
"In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first <t>sounded</t> here in 1614."

Here, "sounded" refers to the bells making sound. The bells were the ones producing sound for the first time in that location in 1614.

Let me examine each candidate sense:

1. sense_key=sound%2:39:06:: | definition=appear in a certain way | examples=This sounds interesting
   - This sense is about how something appears or seems, not about producing physical sound. It's not applicable here.

2. sense_key=sound%2:39:00:: | definition=make a certain noise or sound | synonyms=go | examples=She went `Mmmmm'; The gun went `bang'
   - This sense is about making a specific noise or sound. It could potentially fit, but the examples suggest it's more about producing a specific sound like "Mmmm" or "bang" rather than a general sound.

3. sense_key=sound%2:39:03:: | definition=give off a certain sound or sounds | examples=This record sounds scratchy
   - This sense is about giving off sounds, which is very close to what bells do. However, the example suggests it's more about the quality of the sound rather than the act of producing sound.

4. sense_key=sound%2:39:02:: | definition=announce by means of a sound | examples=sound the alarm
   - This sense is about using sound for announcement purposes. While bells can announce things, the context doesn't specifically emphasize this announcement function.

5. sense_key=sound%2:32:00:: | definition=utter with vibrating vocal chords | synonyms=voice, vocalize, vocalise
   - This sense is about vocalization by humans, which doesn't apply to bells.

6. sense_key=sound%2:39:01:: | definition=cause to sound | examples=sound the bell; sound a certain note
   - This sense is about causing something to produce sound, and the example "sound the bell" is directly relevant to our context.

7. sense_key=sound%2:30:00:: | definition=measure the depth of (a body of water) with a sounding line | synonyms=fathom
   - This sense is about measuring depth in water, which is unrelated to our context.

Between senses 2, 3, and 6, I need to determine which is the best fit:

Sense 2 is about making a certain noise, but the examples suggest specific sounds.
Sense 3 is about giving off sounds, but emphasizes sound quality.
Sense 6 is about causing something to sound, with a direct example of "sound the bell."

In the context, the sentence describes bells that "first sounded here in 1614," meaning these bells produced sound for the first time in that location. This aligns most closely with sense 6, which is about causing something to produce sound (like a bell). The bells were made to produce sound (by being rung) in that location for the first time in 1614.

However, I'm not entirely sure if "sounded" here is being used in the transitive sense (someone caused the bells to sound) or the intransitive sense (the bells themselves produced sound). Let me reconsider:

The sentence says "the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614." If it's the bells themselves sounding (intransitive), then sense 2 or 3 might be more appropriate. If it's about the bells being made to sound (transitive), then sense 6 would fit better.

Given that bells are inanimate objects that need external action to produce sound, and the context talks about people pulling ropes to make the bells ring, I think sense 6 is still the most appropriate, as it captures the causative aspect of making the bells produce sound.

So, I believe sense 6 is the best match: "cause to sound | examples=sound the bell; sound a certain note"

The answer is: {"sense_index": 6}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: here
Target surface form: here
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded <t>here</t> in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=here%4:02:00:: | definition=in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is | examples=I work here; turn here
2. sense_key=here%4:02:02:: | definition=in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail | examples=what do we have here?; here I must disagree
3. sense_key=here%4:02:01:: | definition=to this place (especially toward the speaker) | synonyms=hither | examples=come here, please
4. sense_key=here%4:02:04:: | definition=at this time; now | examples=we'll adjourn here for lunch and discuss the remaining issues this afternoon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense of "here" in this sentence.

The target sentence is: "In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded <t>here</t> in 1614."

Let's look at each sense:

1. sense_key=here%4:02:00:: | definition=in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is | examples=I work here; turn here
   This sense refers to the location where the speaker or writer currently is.

2. sense_key=here%4:02:02:: | definition=in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail | examples=what do we have here?; here I must disagree
   This sense is more abstract, referring to a point in discussion or a circumstance.

3. sense_key=here%4:02:01:: | definition=to this place (especially toward the speaker) | synonyms=hither | examples=come here, please
   This sense indicates motion toward the speaker.

4. sense_key=here%4:02:04:: | definition=at this time; now | examples=we'll adjourn here for lunch and discuss the remaining issues this afternoon
   This sense refers to the present time.

In the sentence, "In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614," the word "here" refers to the location of the bells in the tower of the church. The bells first sounded in this specific location (the tower) back in 1614.

This is clearly a spatial or locational use of "here," referring to the place where the bells are located in the tower. It's not about movement toward the speaker (sense 3), not about a point in discussion (sense 2), and not about time (sense 4).

The most appropriate sense is sense 1: "in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is." The word "here" indicates the location where the bells first sounded in 1614, which is the same place where they are currently sounding - the tower of the church in Aslacton.

Therefore, the answer is {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: Friendli


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: discordant
Target surface form: discordant
Context:
Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a <t>discordant</t>, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=discordant%3:00:00:: | definition=not in agreement or harmony | examples=views discordant with present-day ideas
2. sense_key=discordant%5:00:00:inharmonious:00 | definition=lacking in harmony | synonyms=disharmonious, dissonant, inharmonic

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context describes a scene of rural England with church bells, but then introduces a "discordant, modern note" - something that contrasts with the traditional, harmonious scene. The word is being used metaphorically here - there's something out of harmony with the traditional setting, something that doesn't fit or is not in agreement with the idyllic picture being painted.

Let me analyze the two senses:

1. "not in agreement or harmony" - with example "views discordant with present-day ideas" - this seems more about disagreement or conflict between ideas/views

2. "lacking in harmony" - with synonyms "disharmonious, dissonant, inharmonic" - this seems more about lacking harmony, being out of tune or not fitting together harmoniously

In the context, we have a "discordant, modern note" - this is something that doesn't fit harmoniously with the traditional, peaceful scene of rural England with its ancient church and bells. It's not about views disagreeing, but about something being out of harmony with the overall picture.

The second sense about "lacking in harmony" seems more appropriate here because:
- The context is about harmony (bells, peaceful rural scene)
- The "discordant" note is something that disrupts or contrasts with this harmony
- It's used metaphorically about something that doesn't fit the harmonious whole

The first sense seems more about disagreement between ideas or opinions, which doesn't fit as well here.

So I choose sense index 2.

provider: SiliconFlow


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: note
Target surface form: note
Context:
Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern <t>note</t> in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=note%1:10:00:: | definition=a brief written record | examples=he made a note of the appointment
2. sense_key=note%1:10:03:: | definition=a short personal letter | synonyms=short letter, line, billet | examples=drop me a line when you get there
3. sense_key=note%1:10:04:: | definition=a notation representing the pitch and duration of a musical sound | synonyms=musical note, tone | examples=the singer held the note too long
4. sense_key=note%1:10:05:: | definition=a tone of voice that shows what the speaker is feeling | examples=there was a note of uncertainty in his voice
5. sense_key=note%1:07:00:: | definition=a characteristic emotional quality | examples=it ended on a sour note; there was a note of gaiety in her manner
6. sense_key=note%1:21:01:: | definition=a piece of paper money (especially one issued by a central bank) | synonyms=bill, government note, bank bill, banker's bill, bank note, Federal Reserve note | examples=he peeled off five one-thousand-zloty notes
7. sense_key=note%1:10:02:: | definition=a comment or instruction (usually added) | synonyms=annotation, notation | examples=his notes were appended at the end of the article; he added a short notation to the address on the envelope
8. sense_key=note%1:26:00:: | definition=high status importance owing to marked superiority | synonyms=eminence, distinction, preeminence | examples=a scholar of great eminence
9. sense_key=note%1:21:00:: | definition=a promise to pay a specified amount on demand or at a certain time | synonyms=promissory note, note of hand | examples=I had to co-sign his note at the bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the target word "note" in a specific context.

**Context Analysis:**
The sentence is: "But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening."
The word "note" is preceded by adjectives "discordant" and "modern".
It says this "note" cannot be heard by church-goers enjoying the peal of bells.
This suggests a metaphorical usage. It's not a physical sound (musical note) in the literal sense, nor is it a written record, letter, money, or promise.
The context describes a scene of rural England, evensong, bells. The "discordant, modern note" refers to a discordant element or quality in the situation/atmosphere. It contrasts with the lovely, traditional scene described before.
Let's look at the candidate senses.

**Sense Evaluation:**

1.  `sense_key=note%1:10:00::` | definition=a brief written record.
    *   Unlikely. The context is about an atmosphere or a quality of the scene, not a piece of paper.

2.  `sense_key=note%1:10:03::` | definition=a short personal letter.
    *   Unlikely. Same reason as above.

3.  `sense_key=note%1:10:04::` | definition=a notation representing the pitch and duration of a musical sound.
    *   The text mentions "discordant" and "bells", which relates to music. However, the text says this note "can not be heard by the church-goers". If it were a literal musical note, they would hear it. It describes a "modern" quality intruding on the ancient scene. While "discordant" is a musical term, here it is used metaphorically.

4.  `sense_key=note%1:10:05::` | definition=a tone of voice that shows what the speaker is feeling.
    *   This usually applies to speech ("a note of uncertainty"). Here it applies to a situation/place ("a discordant, modern note in Aslacton").

5.  `sense_key=note%1:07:00::` | definition=a characteristic emotional quality.
    *   Examples: "it ended on a sour note"; "there was a note of gaiety in her manner".
    *   Analysis: This sense fits metaphorical uses of "note" to describe a distinct quality, atmosphere, or characteristic feature of a situation, often expressed using musical metaphors (sour note, discordant note). The context explicitly contrasts the harmony of the bells with a "discordant, modern note" (referring likely to some modern intrusion not yet specified in the snippet, but treated as a quality of the situation).
    *   "Discordant" strongly suggests a musical metaphor, mapping to the "quality" sense. The gloss "a characteristic emotional quality" or "distinctive atmosphere" seems the closest match among the options provided for this metaphorical usage.

6.  `sense_key=note%1:21:01::` | definition=a piece of paper money.
    *   Irrelevant.

7.  `sense_key=note%1:10:02::` | definition=a comment or instruction (usually added).
    *   Irrelevant.

8.  `sense_key=note%1:26:00::` | definition=high status importance owing to marked superiority.
    *   Irrelevant (e.g., "a person of note").

9.  `sense_key=note%1:21:00::` | definition=a promise to pay a specified amount on demand or at a certain time.
    *   Irrelevant.

**Comparison between Sense 3 and Sense 5:**
Sense 3 is literal musical note. Sense 5 is "characteristic emotional quality" or tone/atmosphere.
The context says "there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton... it can not be heard".
Since it cannot be heard, it is not a literal musical sound (Sense 3).
It describes a quality of the situation or place. Therefore, Sense 5 is the intended sense. The adjective "discordant" is used metaphorically to describe this quality/element.

Let's double check Sense 4 ("a tone of voice"). The example is "there was a note of uncertainty in his voice". This is specific to voice.
Sense 5 ("a characteristic emotional quality") has examples "it ended on a sour note" and "there was a note of gaiety in her manner". This applies to events, manners, or general situations.
The phrase "a discordant, modern note in Aslacton" refers to a quality of the place/situation.
Therefore, Sense 5 is the best fit.

Wait, let me check the numbering in the prompt list.
1. note%1:10:00:: (written record)
2. note%1:10:03:: (letter)
3. note%1:10:04:: (musical sound)
4. note%1:10:05:: (tone of voice)
5. note%1:07:00:: (characteristic emotional quality)
...

The target sense corresponds to index 5.

Let's verify the definition of WordNet 1.7 or 3.0 senses for "note".
WordNet 1.7:
S: (n) note (a characteristic emotional quality) "it ended on a sour note"; "there was a note of gaiety in her manner"
This corresponds to sense_key `note%1:07:00::` (in the provided list, index 5).

The context "discordant, modern note" implies a distinct element or feature that contrasts with the rest. The "discordant" metaphor maps directly to the "sour note" example.
The fact that it "cannot be heard" confirms it is metaphorical (Sense 5), not literal sound (Sense 3).

Final decision: Index 5.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: enjoy
Target surface form: enjoying
Context:
Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers <t>enjoying</t> the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=enjoy%2:37:00:: | definition=derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in | synonyms=bask, relish, savor, savour | examples=She relished her fame and basked in her glory
2. sense_key=enjoy%2:34:01:: | definition=have benefit from | examples=enjoy privileges
3. sense_key=enjoy%2:37:01:: | definition=get pleasure from | synonyms=love | examples=I love cooking
4. sense_key=enjoy%2:39:00:: | definition=have for one's benefit | examples=The industry enjoyed a boom
5. sense_key=enjoy%2:34:00:: | definition=take delight in | synonyms=delight, revel | examples=he delights in his granddaughter

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: enjoy
    *   Target surface form: enjoying
    *   Context snippet: "...though it can not be heard by the church-goers <t>enjoying</t> the peal of bells this cool autumn evening."
    *   Meaning in context: The church-goers are listening to and appreciating the sound of the bells. They are experiencing pleasure or satisfaction from the sensory experience.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `enjoy%2:37:00::` | Definition: derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in. Synonyms: bask, relish, savor, savour. Examples: "She relished her fame..."
        *   *Analysis:* This sense focuses on deriving pleasure or enjoyment from an activity or object. The context shows church-goers deriving pleasure from the "peal of bells." This fits very well.

    *   **Sense 2:** `enjoy%2:34:01::` | Definition: have benefit from. Examples: "enjoy privileges".
        *   *Analysis:* This sense is usually about privileges, rights, or advantages (e.g., "enjoy good health," "enjoy immunity"). The church-goers aren't gaining a benefit like a right or status; they are experiencing the bells. This doesn't fit.

    *   **Sense 3:** `enjoy%2:37:01::` | Definition: get pleasure from. Synonyms: love. Examples: "I love cooking".
        *   *Analysis:* This is similar to Sense 1. Often WordNet senses overlap. Sense 3 examples ("I love cooking") suggest a general liking or loving of an activity. While similar, Sense 1's definition ("derive or receive pleasure from") and synonyms ("savor", "relish") capture the specific sensory appreciation of the "peal of bells" slightly better than just "love". However, Sense 1 and Sense 3 are very close in WordNet 3.0/3.1 structures (often differentiated by specific semantic predicates or register). Sense 1 is usually the most general sense for experiencing pleasure from something specific.

    *   **Sense 4:** `enjoy%2:39:00::` | Definition: have for one's benefit. Examples: "The industry enjoyed a boom".
        *   *Analysis:* Similar to Sense 2. This is often used for abstract entities (industries, economies) experiencing a state of prosperity. It doesn't fit human agents experiencing a sensory event.

    *   **Sense 5:** `enjoy%2:34:00::` | Definition: take delight in. Synonyms: delight, revel. Examples: "he delights in his granddaughter".
        *   *Analysis:* This is also very close to Sense 1. "Take delight in" matches "enjoying the peal of bells". However, Sense 1 ("derive or receive pleasure from") is the primary, most general definition for "enjoy". Sense 5 often implies a stronger, perhaps more active or internal state ("revel in"). Let's compare Sense 1 and Sense 5. Sense 1 includes "savor" and "relish". Sense 5 includes "delight" and "revel".
        *   Let's look at the WordNet hierarchy or general usage frequency. Sense 1 (usually `enjoy%1:xx:00`) is the primary sense: "derive or receive pleasure from". Sense 5 (`enjoy%2:34:00`) is "take delight in".
        *   In many WSD datasets (like SemCor/ONTONotes), the distinction between "take pleasure in" and "take delight in" is subtle.
        *   Let's look at the target group: "church-goers". They are "enjoying the peal of bells". This is a standard sensory pleasure.
        *   Let's compare Sense 1 vs Sense 3 vs Sense 5 again.
        *   Sense 1: derive/receive pleasure. (General)
        *   Sense 3: get pleasure from (syn: love). (Often used for activities/hobbies).
        *   Sense 5: take delight in (syn: delight, revel). (Intense pleasure).
        *   The context is passive appreciation ("enjoying the peal"). "Savor" (Sense 1 synonym) fits the auditory experience of bells very well.
        *   Checking standard WordNet mappings for "enjoy":
            *   Sense 1 is the most common general usage.
            *   Sense 3 ("love") is often for things like "I enjoy cooking".
            *   Sense 5 ("delight") suggests a stronger emotion or finding amusement.
            *   Given the "peal of bells" (a specific event/sound), Sense 1 seems the standard choice for receiving pleasure from a source.

3.  **Refine the choice:**
    *   The text describes people appreciating an aesthetic experience (bells ringing).
    *   Sense 1: "derive or receive pleasure from". Synonyms: savor, relish. This fits the act of listening to bells ("savoring the sound").
    *   Sense 3: "get pleasure from" (syn: love). This is usually used for "enjoy doing X".
    *   Sense 5: "take delight in". Similar to 1, but usually implies a stronger feeling or finding joy in something potentially unexpected or specific.
    *   Between 1 and 5, Sense 1 is the prototypical definition of "enjoy". Sense 5 is often a sub-sense or interchangeable in coarse-grained tasks, but in fine-grained WSD, Sense 1 is usually the default for "receiving pleasure".
    *   Let's check the examples again.
    *   Sense 1 ex: "She relished her fame" -> strong appreciation.
    *   Sense 5 ex: "he delights in his granddaughter" -> relationship/interaction.
    *   Context: "enjoying the peal of bells". This is a consumption/perception of an event.
    *   WordNet 3.0/3.1 Sense 1 (2:37:00) is the most direct fit. "Derive or receive pleasure from".

    Let's double-check the sense indices provided in the prompt.
    1. sense_key=enjoy%2:37:00:: (derive pleasure)
    2. sense_key=enjoy%2:34:01:: (have benefit)
    3. sense_key=enjoy%2:37:01:: (get pleasure, syn: love)
    4. sense_key=enjoy%2:39:00:: (have for benefit)
    5. sense_key=enjoy%2:34:00:: (take delight in)

    Differentiation between 1 and 3:
    Sense 1 has synonyms "bask, relish, savor". Sense 3 has synonym "love".
    One "savors" a peal of bells (auditory). One does not typically "love" a peal of bells in the same way one "loves cooking" (a habitual activity). "Enjoying the peal" implies a specific instance of receiving pleasure.
    Differentiation between 1 and 5:
    Sense 1: "receive pleasure". Sense 5: "take delight in" (syn: delight, revel).
    "Revel" implies a more boisterous or intense celebration. "Delight" implies a strong feeling.
    "Enjoying" in this context is a quiet, appreciative act ("church-goers... this cool autumn evening").
    Sense 1's "derive or receive pleasure from" covers the standard, neutral-to-positive experience best.

    Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.

4.  **Final Verification:**
    *   Context: Church-goers enjoying the peal of bells.
    *   Meaning: They are listening to it and liking it.
    *   Sense 1: derive or receive pleasure from. Matches perfectly.
    *   Sense 2/4: Benefit/Advantage. Incorrect.
    *   Sense 3: Love (habitual/preference). Context is a specific event ("this cool autumn evening"). While possible, Sense 1's "savor" is a better semantic match for sensory appreciation.
    *   Sense 5: Delight/Revel. A bit too strong/active for the context of just standing there listening.

    Selection: Sense 1.

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bell
Target surface form: bells
Context:
Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of <t>bells</t> this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bell%1:06:00:: | definition=a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck
2. sense_key=bell%1:06:02:: | definition=a push button at an outer door that gives a ringing or buzzing signal when pushed | synonyms=doorbell, buzzer
3. sense_key=bell%1:11:00:: | definition=the sound of a bell being struck | synonyms=toll | examples=saved by the bell; she heard the distant toll of church bells
4. sense_key=bell%1:28:00:: | definition=(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units of nautical time signaled by strokes of a ship's bell; eight bells signals 4:00, 8:00, or 12:00 o'clock, either a.m. or p.m. | synonyms=ship's bell
5. sense_key=bell%1:25:00:: | definition=the shape of a bell | synonyms=bell shape, campana
6. sense_key=bell%1:18:02:: | definition=a phonetician and father of Alexander Graham Bell (1819-1905) | synonyms=Melville Bell, Alexander Melville Bell
7. sense_key=bell%1:18:01:: | definition=English painter; sister of Virginia Woolf; prominent member of the Bloomsbury Group (1879-1961) | synonyms=Vanessa Bell, Vanessa Stephen
8. sense_key=bell%1:18:00:: | definition=United States inventor (born in Scotland) of the telephone (1847-1922) | synonyms=Alexander Bell, Alexander Graham Bell
9. sense_key=bell%1:06:04:: | definition=a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument | synonyms=chime, gong
10. sense_key=bell%1:06:03:: | definition=the flared opening of a tubular device

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The text describes a scene at an ancient stone church in Aslacton, England.
    *   Phrases: "sound of bells cascading from its tower", "five bells that first sounded here in 1614", "sets of bells", "peal of bells".
    *   Action: Ringers pulling on ropes attached to the bells.
    *   Function: Calling the faithful to evensong, heralding services.

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**
    *   **Sense 1 (bell%1:06:00::):** Definition: "a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck". This fits the physical object described (metal, in a tower, makes sound).
    *   **Sense 2 (bell%1:06:02::):** Definition: "a push button at an outer door...". This is a doorbell. Not relevant here; these are large church bells.
    *   **Sense 3 (bell%1:11:00::):** Definition: "the sound of a bell being struck". Synonyms: "toll". While the text talks about the "sound of bells", the target word "bells" in the phrase "peal of bells" refers to the physical instruments producing the sound, not just the sound itself. A "peal" is a set of bells or a series of changes rung on them. The context mentions "five bells that first sounded here", referring to the physical objects.
    *   **Sense 4 (bell%1:28:00::):** Definition: "(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units...". Nautical context. Not relevant.
    *   **Sense 5 (bell%1:25:00::):** Definition: "the shape of a bell". Not relevant; the text refers to the physical devices, not the abstract shape.
    *   **Sense 6, 7, 8:** Proper nouns (people). Not relevant.
    *   **Sense 9 (bell%1:06:04::):** Definition: "a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells... used as an orchestral instrument". Synonyms: chime, gong. While church bells are instruments, they are not primarily "orchestral instruments" in this context. They are church bells used for signaling/calling to worship. Sense 1 is the general definition for the physical object.
    *   **Sense 10 (bell%1:06:03::):** Definition: "the flared opening...". Not relevant.

3.  **Disambiguate between Sense 1 and Sense 3:**
    *   Target phrase: "...enjoying the peal of <t>bells</t>..."
    *   "Peal of bells" usually refers to a set of bells or a loud prolonged sound made by bells.
    *   Earlier context: "five bells that first sounded here". This clearly refers to the physical objects hanging in the tower.
    *   Sense 1 defines the physical device.
    *   Sense 3 defines the sound ("the sound of a bell being struck").
    *   In the phrase "peal of bells", "bells" refers to the plural objects. The *peal* is the sound (or the set), but the *bells* are the objects. One peals *on* bells. Or a peal is the sound produced by bells.
    *   However, let's look closely at Sense 3's example: "she heard the distant toll of church bells". In that example, "bells" refers to the objects producing the toll.
    *   Let's look at the target specific instance: "peal of <t>bells</t>".
    *   Does "bells" refer to the sound? No, "bells" refers to the objects. A "peal of bells" is a set of bells or the sound produced by them. But the word "bells" inside that phrase refers to the instruments.
    *   Sense 1 is the standard definition for a church bell (a hollow metal device).
    *   Sense 3's definition says "the sound of a bell". The target word is "bells" (plural noun). "The sound of *a bell*" vs "The sound of *bells*". The target lemma "bells" refers to the physical objects in the tower. The text says "five bells that first sounded here". It distinguishes the objects from the sound ("sound of bells cascading").
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 (the device) is the correct choice.

4.  **Final Verification:**
    *   Context: Church tower, ringers pulling ropes, ancient objects.
    *   Sense 1: "hollow device made of metal". Matches perfectly.

5.  **Format Output:**
    *   JSON object: `{"sense_index": 1}`.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cool
Target surface form: cool
Context:
Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this <t>cool</t> autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cool%3:00:01:: | definition=neither warm nor very cold; giving relief from heat | examples=a cool autumn day; a cool room
2. sense_key=cool%5:00:00:composed:00 | definition=marked by calm self-control (especially in trying circumstances); unemotional | synonyms=coolheaded, nerveless | examples=play it cool; keep cool
3. sense_key=cool%3:00:03:: | definition=(color) inducing the impression of coolness; used especially of greens and blues and violets | examples=cool greens and blues and violets
4. sense_key=cool%3:00:02:: | definition=psychologically cool and unenthusiastic; unfriendly or unresponsive or showing dislike | examples=relations were cool and polite; a cool reception
5. sense_key=cool%5:00:00:unqualified:02 | definition=(used of a number or sum) without exaggeration or qualification | examples=a cool million bucks
6. sense_key=cool%5:00:00:fashionable:00 | definition=fashionable and attractive at the time; often skilled or socially adept | examples=he's a cool dude; that's cool

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Word and Context:**
    *   Target lemma: cool
    *   Target surface form: cool
    *   Context sentence: "...this <t>cool</t> autumn evening."
    *   Broader context: The text describes a scene in rural England (Aslacton), mentioning an ancient stone church, fields, bells ringing, parishioners chatting. It explicitly mentions "autumn evening".

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** "neither warm nor very cold; giving relief from heat". Examples: "a cool autumn day", "a cool room".
    *   **Sense 2:** "marked by calm self-control... unemotional". Synonyms: composed. Examples: "play it cool".
    *   **Sense 3:** "(color) inducing the impression of coolness...". Examples: "cool greens and blues".
    *   **Sense 4:** "psychologically cool and unenthusiastic; unfriendly...". Examples: "relations were cool".
    *   **Sense 5:** "(used of a number or sum) without exaggeration...". Examples: "a cool million bucks".
    *   **Sense 6:** "fashionable and attractive...". Examples: "he's a cool dude".

3.  **Match Context to Senses:**
    *   The context refers to weather/atmosphere: "this cool autumn evening".
    *   Sense 1 explicitly deals with temperature/weather ("neither warm nor very cold"). The example "a cool autumn day" matches "a cool autumn evening" perfectly.
    *   Sense 2 refers to temperament. A physical evening is not "calm" in the sense of self-control, though the atmosphere might be calm, the word "cool" here modifies "evening" regarding temperature.
    *   Sense 3 refers to color. An evening is a time period/event, not a color (though the light might be cool, the primary meaning here is temperature).
    *   Sense 4 refers to attitude. Not applicable.
    *   Sense 5 refers to numbers. Not applicable.
    *   Sense 6 refers to fashion. Not applicable.

4.  **Conclusion:**
    *   The word is used to describe the temperature of the evening.
    *   Sense 1 is the correct fit. It describes the weather condition.

5.  **Formulate Output:**
    *   The instruction asks for a JSON object with the sense_index.
    *   Sense 1 corresponds to index 1.

provider: Chutes


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: evening
Target surface form: evening
Context:
Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn <t>evening</t>. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=evening%1:28:00:: | definition=the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall) | synonyms=eve, even, eventide | examples=he enjoyed the evening light across the lake
2. sense_key=evening%1:28:01:: | definition=a later concluding time period | examples=it was the evening of the Roman Empire
3. sense_key=evening%1:28:02:: | definition=the early part of night (from dinner until bedtime) spent in a special way | examples=an evening at the opera

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: `evening`
    *   Target surface form: `evening`
    *   Context sentence: "But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn <t>evening</t>."
    *   Additional context: Mentions "evensong", "Sunday morning and evening service".

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `evening%1:28:00::` - Definition: "the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)".
        *   Synonyms: eve, even, eventide.
        *   Examples: "he enjoyed the evening light across the lake".
        *   Focus: The general time of day, afternoon/late day until night.
    *   **Sense 2:** `evening%1:28:01::` - Definition: "a later concluding time period".
        *   Examples: "it was the evening of the Roman Empire".
        *   Focus: Metaphorical, end of an era or extended period.
    *   **Sense 3:** `evening%1:28:02::` - Definition: "the early part of night (from dinner until bedtime) spent in a special way".
        *   Examples: "an evening at the opera".
        *   Focus: A social activity or specific event occurring during the night/evening.

3.  **Evaluate the fit:**
    *   The context refers to "this cool autumn evening". It is describing the specific time of day when the scene takes place. The sun is likely setting or it is late afternoon/dusk ("decreasing daylight"), or just after.
    *   The phrase "cool autumn evening" refers to the chronometric time of day.
    *   Sense 2 is metaphorical ("evening of the Roman Empire"). This is clearly not the case here.
    *   Sense 3 implies a specific event-based definition ("evening at the opera", "music evening"). While the people are at church, the sentence refers to the time itself ("this cool autumn evening") rather than a specific social function named "an evening". It refers to the temporal slot.
    *   Sense 1 refers to "the latter part of the day". This is the standard, core meaning of "evening" when referring to time of day (e.g., "this evening", "yesterday evening"). The context mentions "cool autumn evening", which fits the general time period definition perfectly.

4.  **Comparison of Sense 1 and Sense 3:**
    *   WordNet often distinguishes between the time period (Sense 1) and a social occurrence (Sense 3).
    *   The text says "this cool autumn evening". This is a deictic reference to the time of day.
    *   It does not say "a musical evening" or describe an organized event called an "evening". It describes the ambient conditions (cool, autumn) of the time of day.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

5.  **Formulate Output:**
    *   Selected sense index: 1.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: most
Target surface form: most
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like <t>most</t> of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=most%3:00:02:: | definition=(superlative of `many' used with count nouns and often preceded by `the') quantifier meaning the greatest in number | examples=who has the most apples?; most people like eggs
2. sense_key=most%3:00:01:: | definition=the superlative of `much' that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by `the'; a quantifier meaning the greatest in amount or extent or degree | examples=made the most money he could; what attracts the most attention?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the best sense for "most" in this passage.

The sentence is: "Like <t>most</t> of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service."

Here, "most" is used in the phrase "most of the other 6,000 churches." Let me think about what this means:

- "Most of the other 6,000 churches" means "the majority of the other 6,000 churches"
- This is talking about count nouns (churches), not mass nouns or degree
- It's indicating "the greatest in number" of the churches

Let me look at the two candidate senses:

1. sense_key=most%3:00:02:: - "(superlative of `many' used with count nouns and often preceded by `the') quantifier meaning the greatest in number" - Examples: "who has the most apples?"; "most people like eggs"

2. sense_key=most%3:00:01:: - "the superlative of `much' that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by `the'; a quantifier meaning the greatest in amount or extent or degree" - Examples: "made the most money he could"; "what attracts the most attention?"

In this context:
- "churches" is a count noun (you can count churches)
- "most of the other 6,000 churches" means the majority/greatest number of those churches
- This matches sense 1, which is about count nouns and "the greatest in number"

Sense 2 is about mass nouns and degree/amount, which doesn't fit here. We're not talking about how much of something (like "most water" or "most happiness"), but rather the count of discrete entities (churches).

The correct sense is sense 1: "the greatest in number" used with count nouns.

So my answer is {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: other
Target surface form: other
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the <t>other</t> 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
2. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening
3. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=belonging to the distant past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Word:** The target word is "other" (adjective) in the phrase "Like most of the *other* 6,000 churches in Britain..."

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The text describes a specific church, St. Michael and All Angels in Aslacton.
    *   It describes the bell-ringing tradition there.
    *   The sentence in question: "Like most of the *other* 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own 'band' of ringers..."
    *   Meaning in context: The text is comparing St. Michael (one specific church) to the remaining 6,000 churches (distinct from St. Michael). St. Michael is *not* one of the "other" churches. Or, alternatively, St. Michael is being compared to the set of churches excluding itself.
    *   Let's check the set logic. Total set: Churches in Britain with sets of bells. Subset A: St. Michael. Subset B: The *other* churches.
    *   The phrase "most of the other 6,000 churches" implies that St. Michael is one of the 6,000 (or perhaps slightly separate, but the comparison is distinct).
    *   Actually, usually "other" in this structure ("Like most of the other X, Y does Z") implies Y is part of the group X, but we are comparing Y to the *rest* of the group.
    *   Wait, "Like most of the *other* 6,000 churches..."
    *   If there are 6,000 churches total, and St. Michael is one of them, then there are 5,999 *other* churches.
    *   If St. Michael is not included in the count of 6,000 (meaning 6,000 *plus* St. Michael), then "other" means the ones different from St. Michael.
    *   In any case, the core meaning is "distinct from the one mentioned" or "not the same one".

3.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `other%3:00:00::`
        *   Definition: "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied"
        *   Examples: "today isn't any other day", "the construction of highways and other public works"
        *   Analysis: This fits perfectly. St. Michael is mentioned. The "other" churches are the ones that are not St. Michael. They are distinct from the specific one being discussed.

    *   **Sense 2:** `other%5:00:00:past:00`
        *   Definition: "recently past"
        *   Example: "the other evening"
        *   Analysis: This is a temporal usage (e.g., "I saw him the other day"). The context is about entities (churches), not time. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 3:** `other%5:00:02:past:00`
        *   Definition: "belonging to the distant past"
        *   Synonyms: early, former
        *   Example: "the early inhabitants of Europe"
        *   Analysis: This refers to time/antiquity. The churches are existing physical structures, not "former" in the sense of ancient history specifically, though they are old. But the word "other" here isn't modifying the noun to mean "ancient" or "former"; it's modifying the group to mean "remaining/rest". Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 4:** `other%5:00:00:strange:00`
        *   Definition: "very unusual; different in character or quality..."
        *   Example: "a strange, other dimension"
        *   Analysis: This is the metaphysical or "strange" sense. The churches are regular churches. Incorrect.

4.  **Select the Best Sense:**
    *   Sense 1 captures the function of "other" in "other 6,000 churches". It distinguishes the specific entity (St. Michael) from the rest of the group (the other churches).
    *   The phrase "Like most of the other [Noun Phrase]" is a classic construction for Sense 1.

5.  **Format Output:** The user wants a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   The index corresponds to the numbered list provided in the prompt.
    *   Sense 1 is the correct choice.

    *   Let's double-check Sense 1 definition: "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied".
    *   In "Like most of the other 6,000 churches...", St. Michael is the one already mentioned. The other churches are *not* St. Michael. This matches.

    *   Is there any ambiguity?
    *   "Like most of the other 6,000 churches" -> implies St. Michael is one of the 6,000? Or does it imply St. Michael is separate?
    *   If St. Michael is one of the 6,000, then there are 5,999 *other* churches. The sentence might be slightly loose with the number "6,000" (referring to the total group, or the size of the "other" group).
    *   Usually: "Like most other X, Y..." implies Y is an X.
    *   Regardless of the exact set math, the function of "other" is to designate the ones *distinct from the current focus*. This is Sense 1.

    *   Result: Sense index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: church
Target surface form: churches
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 <t>churches</t> in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=church%1:14:00:: | definition=one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship | synonyms=Christian church
2. sense_key=church%1:06:00:: | definition=a place for public (especially Christian) worship | synonyms=church building | examples=the church was empty
3. sense_key=church%1:04:00:: | definition=a service conducted in a house of worship | synonyms=church service | examples=don't be late for church
4. sense_key=church%1:14:01:: | definition=the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church | examples=our church is hosting a picnic next week

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:**
    *   Target lemma: church.
    *   Target surface form: churches.
    *   Context: A text describing St. Michael and All Angels church in Aslacton, England. It mentions the building, the bells, the parishioners, the ringers, and refers to "6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells".
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  Denomination/group of Christians (e.g., Catholic Church).
        2.  Building (physical structure).
        3.  Service (event).
        4.  Congregation (body of people).

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The sentence with the target token: "Like most of the other 6,000 *churches* in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own 'band' of ringers..."
    *   The surrounding text talks about:
        *   "An ancient stone church stands amid the fields..." (Physical building).
        *   "sound of bells cascading from its tower..." (Physical structure aspect).
        *   "In the tower..." (Physical structure).
        *   "St. Michael once had its own 'band' of ringers..." (St. Michael is a specific physical church location).
    *   The phrase "6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells" implies physical locations/buildings equipped with bells. Denominations don't have physical towers or bells in this sense (the Church of England doesn't have a specific number of bell-towers, but individual buildings do). Services don't have "sets of bells" attached to them permanently. Congregations don't have towers.

3.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses:**
    *   *Sense 1 (Denomination):* "one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs..." (e.g., the Anglican Church). The text talks about 6,000 individual entities in Britain. While they belong to a denomination, the count of 6,000 refers to specific locations, not 6,000 different denominations.
    *   *Sense 2 (Building):* "a place for public (especially Christian) worship". The text explicitly mentions "ancient stone church", "tower", "bells". The count "6,000 churches... with sets of bells" strongly implies physical structures. This fits perfectly.
    *   *Sense 3 (Service):* "a service conducted in a house of worship". One does not say "6,000 churches with sets of bells" to mean services. Services happen inside churches.
    *   *Sense 4 (Congregation):* "the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church". While congregations exist, the reference to "sets of bells" and the physical description earlier ("ancient stone church") anchors the word here to the building. You wouldn't say a congregation has a set of bells (physically installed in a tower) in the same way you would say a building does.

4.  **Select the Best Sense:**
    *   Sense 2 is the clear choice. The context emphasizes the physical location (stone, tower, bells) and counts the individual buildings.

5.  **Format Output:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object: `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   Sense 2 corresponds to index 2 (since the list is numbered 1, 2, 3, 4 in the prompt). Wait, usually indices are 1-based or 0-based? The prompt lists them as "1.", "2.", "3.", "4.". The instruction says "Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}". If the list is 1-indexed in the prompt presentation, I should use the number presented. Let's check the example in the prompt instructions: `{"sense_index": 3}`.
    *   Usually, in these tasks, "indexed sense" refers to the position in the provided list.
    *   Sense 1: Denomination.
    *   Sense 2: Building.
    *   Sense 3: Service.
    *   Sense 4: Congregation.
    *   My choice: Sense 2.

    Let's double check the indexing.
    The prompt lists:
    1. sense_key=church%1:14:00::
    2. sense_key=church%1:06:00:: (Building)
    3. sense_key=church%1:04:00::
    4. sense_key=church%1:14:01::

    The best fit is the second one. So the index is 2.

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: set
Target surface form: sets
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with <t>sets</t> of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=set%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of things of the same kind that belong together and are so used | examples=a set of books; a set of golf clubs
2. sense_key=set%1:14:02:: | definition=(mathematics) an abstract collection of numbers or symbols | examples=the set of prime numbers is infinite
3. sense_key=set%1:04:00:: | definition=several exercises intended to be done in series | synonyms=exercise set | examples=he did four sets of the incline bench press
4. sense_key=set%1:06:00:: | definition=representation consisting of the scenery and other properties used to identify the location of a dramatic production | synonyms=stage set | examples=the sets were meticulously authentic
5. sense_key=set%1:14:01:: | definition=an unofficial association of people or groups | synonyms=circle, band, lot | examples=the smart set goes there; they were an angry lot
6. sense_key=set%1:09:01:: | definition=a relatively permanent inclination to react in a particular way | synonyms=bent | examples=the set of his mind was obvious
7. sense_key=set%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of putting something in position | examples=he gave a final set to his hat
8. sense_key=set%1:28:00:: | definition=a unit of play in tennis or squash | examples=they played two sets of tennis after dinner
9. sense_key=set%1:22:00:: | definition=the process of becoming hard or solid by cooling or drying or crystallization | synonyms=hardening, solidifying, solidification, curing | examples=the hardening of concrete; he tested the set of the glue
10. sense_key=set%1:18:00:: | definition=evil Egyptian god with the head of a beast that has high square ears and a long snout; brother and murderer of Osiris | synonyms=Seth
11. sense_key=set%1:11:00:: | definition=the descent of a heavenly body below the horizon | examples=before the set of sun
12. sense_key=set%1:09:00:: | definition=(psychology) being temporarily ready to respond in a particular way | synonyms=readiness | examples=the subjects' set led them to solve problems the familiar way and to overlook the simpler solution; his instructions deliberately gave them the wrong set
13. sense_key=set%1:06:01:: | definition=any electronic equipment that receives or transmits radio or tv signals | examples=the early sets ran on storage batteries

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The context is about churches in Britain that have "sets of bells." The sentence is: "Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with <t>sets</t> of bells, St. Michael once had its own 'band' of ringers..."

The word "sets" here refers to groups/collections of bells that belong together. Looking at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=set%1:14:00:: - "a group of things of the same kind that belong together and are so used" - Examples: "a set of books; a set of golf clubs"

This makes the most sense. A set of bells would be a collection of bells that belong together (like a set of bells in a church tower that are rung together).

Let me check the other senses:

2. Mathematical set - no, not relevant
3. Exercise sets - no, not relevant
4. Stage set - no, not relevant
5. Unofficial association of people - no, not relevant
6. Inclination to react - no, not relevant
7. Act of putting something in position - no, not relevant
8. Tennis/squash set - no, not relevant
9. Hardening/solidifying - no, not relevant
10. Egyptian god - no, not relevant
11. Descent of heavenly body - no, not relevant
12. Psychology readiness - no, not relevant
13. Electronic equipment - no, not relevant

The first sense is clearly the best fit. A "set of bells" is a collection/group of bells that belong together and are used together for ringing.

The answer is sense_index: 1

provider: Venice


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bell
Target surface form: bells
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of <t>bells</t>, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bell%1:06:00:: | definition=a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck
2. sense_key=bell%1:06:02:: | definition=a push button at an outer door that gives a ringing or buzzing signal when pushed | synonyms=doorbell, buzzer
3. sense_key=bell%1:11:00:: | definition=the sound of a bell being struck | synonyms=toll | examples=saved by the bell; she heard the distant toll of church bells
4. sense_key=bell%1:28:00:: | definition=(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units of nautical time signaled by strokes of a ship's bell; eight bells signals 4:00, 8:00, or 12:00 o'clock, either a.m. or p.m. | synonyms=ship's bell
5. sense_key=bell%1:25:00:: | definition=the shape of a bell | synonyms=bell shape, campana
6. sense_key=bell%1:18:02:: | definition=a phonetician and father of Alexander Graham Bell (1819-1905) | synonyms=Melville Bell, Alexander Melville Bell
7. sense_key=bell%1:18:01:: | definition=English painter; sister of Virginia Woolf; prominent member of the Bloomsbury Group (1879-1961) | synonyms=Vanessa Bell, Vanessa Stephen
8. sense_key=bell%1:18:00:: | definition=United States inventor (born in Scotland) of the telephone (1847-1922) | synonyms=Alexander Bell, Alexander Graham Bell
9. sense_key=bell%1:06:04:: | definition=a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument | synonyms=chime, gong
10. sense_key=bell%1:06:03:: | definition=the flared opening of a tubular device

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
The context is about church bells in rural England. The target lemma is "bell" and the surface form is "bells" in the phrase "sets of <t>bells</t>".

Let me analyze the context:
- The passage discusses church bells ringing from a tower
- "the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong"
- "five bells that first sounded here in 1614"
- "enjoying the peal of bells"
- "sets of bells" in churches

This is clearly referring to physical bells - the hollow metal devices that make ringing sounds when struck. These are church bells used for calling people to worship.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=bell%1:06:00:: | definition=a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck
- This is the basic definition of a bell as a physical object. This fits well.

2. sense_key=bell%1:06:02:: | definition=a push button at an outer door that gives a ringing or buzzing signal when pushed | synonyms=doorbell, buzzer
- No, this is a doorbell, not relevant.

3. sense_key=bell%1:11:00:: | definition=the sound of a bell being struck | synonyms=toll
- This refers to the SOUND of a bell, not the physical object. The target is "sets of bells" which refers to the physical objects, not the sound.

4. sense_key=bell%1:28:00:: | definition=(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units of nautical time signaled by strokes of a ship's bell
- No, this is nautical time, not relevant.

5. sense_key=bell%1:25:00:: | definition=the shape of a bell | synonyms=bell shape, campana
- No, this refers to the shape, not the object.

6. sense_key=bell%1:18:02:: | definition=a phonetician and father of Alexander Graham Bell
- No, this is a person.

7. sense_key=bell%1:18:01:: | definition=English painter; sister of Virginia Woolf
- No, this is a person.

8. sense_key=bell%1:18:00:: | definition=United States inventor (born in Scotland) of the telephone
- No, this is Alexander Graham Bell.

9. sense_key=bell%1:06:04:: | definition=a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument | synonyms=chime, gong
- This is close, but it refers to orchestral bells/chimes, not church bells. Church bells are rung by swinging or by ropes, not typically struck with hammers in the same way orchestral chimes are.

10. sense_key=bell%1:06:03:: | definition=the flared opening of a tubular device
- No, this is a different sense.

The best fit is sense 1 - "a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck." This is the basic definition of a church bell as a physical object.

However, I should note that WordNet's definition for sense 1 is quite generic. It describes any bell as a hollow metal device. Church bells fall under this category. Sense 9 (chime/gong) is more specific to orchestral instruments and doesn't fit church bells.

So the answer is sense_index: 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: once
Target surface form: once
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael <t>once</t> had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=once%4:02:00:: | definition=on one occasion | synonyms=one time, in one case | examples=once I ran into her
2. sense_key=once%4:02:02:: | definition=as soon as | examples=once we are home, we can rest
3. sense_key=once%4:02:01:: | definition=at a previous time | synonyms=formerly, at one time, erstwhile, erst | examples=at one time he loved her; her erstwhile writing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: `once`
    *   Target surface form: `once`
    *   Context sentence: "Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael <t>once</t> had its own 'band' of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains..."
    *   Key contrast markers: "Now" appears later in the context ("Now, only one local ringer remains"). The sentence structure contrasts a past state with a current state.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:**
        *   Definition: "on one occasion"
        *   Synonyms: one time, in one case
        *   Examples: "once I ran into her"
        *   Analysis: This implies a singular event happening one time. The context says St. Michael "once had its own 'band' of ringers". Having a band of ringers is a state or a habitual condition over a period of time, not a single isolated event (like running into someone once). It doesn't fit the "how many times" aspect.

    *   **Sense 2:**
        *   Definition: "as soon as"
        *   Examples: "once we are home, we can rest"
        *   Analysis: This acts as a conjunction introducing a clause. In the text, "once" is an adverb modifying the verb "had". The clause isn't "Once St. Michael had a band, something else happened." It's saying St. Michael had a band *at a past time*. So this sense is grammatically incorrect for the usage here.

    *   **Sense 3:**
        *   Definition: "at a previous time"
        *   Synonyms: formerly, at one time, erstwhile, erst
        *   Examples: "at one time he loved her", "her erstwhile writing"
        *   Analysis: This sense fits perfectly. The text contrasts the past ("once had") with the present ("Now, only one... remains"). The phrase "once had" means "formerly had" or "used to have". The synonym "formerly" is a strong match.

3.  **Select the best sense:**
    *   Sense 3 matches the semantic meaning (past state vs. present state) and the grammatical function (adverb modifying a verb to indicate past time).

4.  **Format the output:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object with the key "sense_index".
    *   The chosen sense corresponds to index 3.

    *   Sense 1 -> index 1
    *   Sense 2 -> index 2
    *   Sense 3 -> index 3

    Output: `{"sense_index": 3}`