[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: study
Target surface form: study
Context:
The new money flows into the already top-heavy administrative structure, which busies itself piling more and more paper work on the teachers. There is neither mystery nor paradox in the fact that as educational expenditures (in real terms) have increased sharply in the past quarter-of-a-century -- we now spend more per pupil than any other country in the world -- educational performance has declined. That is the way the system works. -- Students should move up the educational ladder as their academic potential allows. No student should be permitted to be graduated from elementary school without having mastered the 3 R's at the level that prevailed 20 years ago. This means "tracking, "whose main purpose is less to permit the gifted youngsters to flourish (though that is clearly desirable) than to ensure that the less gifted get the necessary grounding for further <t>study</t> or for entering the modern world of work. The notion that tracking is somehow "undemocratic "is absurd.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=study%1:04:00:: | definition=a detailed critical inspection | synonyms=survey
2. sense_key=study%1:09:03:: | definition=applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading) | synonyms=work | examples=mastering a second language requires a lot of work; no schools offer graduate study in interior design
3. sense_key=study%1:10:00:: | definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | synonyms=report, written report | examples=this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
4. sense_key=study%1:09:04:: | definition=a state of deep mental absorption | examples=she is in a deep study
5. sense_key=study%1:06:00:: | definition=a room used for reading and writing and studying | examples=he knocked lightly on the closed door of the study
6. sense_key=study%1:09:02:: | definition=a branch of knowledge | synonyms=discipline, subject, subject area, subject field, field, field of study | examples=in what discipline is his doctorate?; teachers should be well trained in their subject
7. sense_key=study%1:06:01:: | definition=preliminary drawing for later elaboration | synonyms=sketch | examples=he made several studies before starting to paint
8. sense_key=study%1:09:01:: | definition=attentive consideration and meditation | synonyms=cogitation | examples=after much cogitation he rejected the offer
9. sense_key=study%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who memorizes quickly and easily (as the lines for a part in a play) | examples=he is a quick study
10. sense_key=study%1:10:01:: | definition=a composition intended to develop one aspect of the performer's technique | examples=a study in spiccato bowing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Context:** The target word is "study" in the phrase "grounding for further <t>study</t> or for entering the modern world of work."
    *   The broader context discusses education, students moving up the educational ladder, "tracking" students based on potential, and preparing them for the future.
    *   The specific phrase contrasts "further study" with "entering the modern world of work."
    *   This implies "further study" is an activity or a phase of life involving learning, typically at a higher educational level (e.g., high school, university), as opposed to starting a job.

2.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1 (study%1:04:00::):** "a detailed critical inspection" (synonyms: survey). This refers to a specific investigation or analysis. "Grounding for further survey" doesn't fit the educational progression context well.
    *   **Sense 2 (study%1:09:03::):** "applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading)" (synonyms: work). Examples: "mastering a second language requires a lot of work", "no schools offer graduate study in interior design".
        *   This sense refers to the *activity* of learning or academic work. "Grounding for further [learning/academic work]" fits perfectly. The contrast "study or ... work" often distinguishes between continuing education and employment. Here, "study" acts as a mass noun referring to the process of education.
    *   **Sense 3 (study%1:10:00::):** "a written document describing the findings..." (synonyms: report). "Grounding for further report" doesn't make sense.
    *   **Sense 4 (study%1:09:04::):** "a state of deep mental absorption". Not fitting the educational context of "further [X]".
    *   **Sense 5 (study%1:06:00::):** "a room used for reading and writing...". Physical location. Doesn't fit "grounding for further [room]".
    *   **Sense 6 (study%1:09:02::):** "a branch of knowledge" (synonyms: discipline, subject).
        *   Could one say "grounding for further [subject]"? Maybe, but usually, "further study" is an idiomatic phrase meaning "continuing education" or "advanced academic pursuit". "Further [subject]" would usually require a determiner or specific subject name (e.g., "further mathematics"). "Further study" as an abstract concept of pursuing education aligns with Sense 2 (the activity) or Sense 6 (the field).
        *   Let's compare Sense 2 and Sense 6 closely.
        *   Sense 6 is "a branch of knowledge". Is the text saying students need grounding for a specific field (like biology or history)? Or grounding for the *act/process* of studying at a higher level? The phrase "further study" is standard academic English for continuing education. The example for Sense 2, "graduate study", is semantically very similar to "further study". Both refer to the institutional activity of learning.
        *   Sense 2's definition "applying the mind to learning..." captures the *process* or *activity*. Sense 6 captures a *field*. When students graduate elementary school, they prepare for high school (further study). They aren't necessarily choosing a specific "branch of knowledge" yet, but they are preparing to engage in the *act* of studying more advanced things.
        *   Often, "study" in the phrase "further study" acts as a noun denoting the activity of studying (Sense 2) or the pursuit of education. Sense 2's example "graduate study" is the clincher. "Graduate study" and "further study" are parallel constructions referring to the act/process of education.
    *   **Sense 7 (study%1:06:01::):** "preliminary drawing...". Irrelevant.
    *   **Sense 8 (study%1:09:01::):** "attentive consideration and meditation". Irrelevant.
    *   **Sense 9 (study%1:18:00::):** "someone who memorizes quickly...". Irrelevant.
    *   **Sense 10 (study%1:10:01::):** "a composition intended to develop... technique". Irrelevant.

3.  **Final Decision:** The context contrasts continuing education ("further study") with working. This refers to the activity/process of learning. Sense 2 defines this as "applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject" and gives the example "graduate study". This matches "further study" perfectly. Sense 6 ("branch of knowledge") is less likely because "further study" is an activity, not a field name. One gets grounding *to engage in* further study (activity), rather than grounding *for* a specific field (which would usually be phrased differently, e.g., "grounding for a career in science").

    *   Sentence: "ensure that the less gifted get the necessary grounding for further [activity of learning] or for entering the modern world of work."
    *   Sense 2 fits best.

    Wait, let me double check Sense 2 vs Sense 6.
    WordNet 3.1 often separates "study" (activity) and "field of study".
    Sense 2: "applying the mind to learning..." (activity).
    Sense 6: "a branch of knowledge" (field).
    "Further study" usually implies continuing the *process* of education. "I plan to go on to further study." This means I plan to continue being a student. It does not mean I plan to go on to a specific discipline (though I will study one). It refers to the endeavor.
    Sense 2 is the correct index. The example "no schools offer graduate study" confirms this usage (study as the general academic endeavor).

    Candidate senses list:
    1. sense_key=study%1:04:00:: (inspection)
    2. sense_key=study%1:09:03:: (applying the mind/learning) -> INDEX 2.
    3. sense_key=study%1:10:00:: (report)
    4. sense_key=study%1:09:04:: (absorption)
    5. sense_key=study%1:06:00:: (room)
    6. sense_key=study%1:09:02:: (branch of knowledge)
    ...

    Therefore, the correct index is 2.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: enter
Target surface form: entering
Context:
The new money flows into the already top-heavy administrative structure, which busies itself piling more and more paper work on the teachers. There is neither mystery nor paradox in the fact that as educational expenditures (in real terms) have increased sharply in the past quarter-of-a-century -- we now spend more per pupil than any other country in the world -- educational performance has declined. That is the way the system works. -- Students should move up the educational ladder as their academic potential allows. No student should be permitted to be graduated from elementary school without having mastered the 3 R's at the level that prevailed 20 years ago. This means "tracking, "whose main purpose is less to permit the gifted youngsters to flourish (though that is clearly desirable) than to ensure that the less gifted get the necessary grounding for further study or for <t>entering</t> the modern world of work. The notion that tracking is somehow "undemocratic "is absurd.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=enter%2:38:00:: | definition=to come or go into | synonyms=come in, get into, get in, go into, go in, move into | examples=the boat entered an area of shallow marshes
2. sense_key=enter%2:33:00:: | definition=become a participant; be involved in | synonyms=participate | examples=enter a race; enter an agreement
3. sense_key=enter%2:41:06:: | definition=register formally as a participant or member | synonyms=enroll, inscribe, enrol, recruit | examples=The party recruited many new members
4. sense_key=enter%2:42:00:: | definition=be or play a part of or in | synonyms=figure | examples=Elections figure prominently in every government program; How do the elections figure in the current pattern of internal politics?
5. sense_key=enter%2:32:04:: | definition=make a record of; set down in permanent form | synonyms=record, put down
6. sense_key=enter%2:36:00:: | definition=come on stage
7. sense_key=enter%2:41:00:: | definition=take on duties or office | synonyms=accede | examples=accede to the throne
8. sense_key=enter%2:35:03:: | definition=put or introduce into something | synonyms=insert, infix, introduce | examples=insert a picture into the text
9. sense_key=enter%2:30:10:: | definition=set out on (an enterprise or subject of study) | synonyms=embark | examples=she embarked upon a new career

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 9}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 9}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: "enter"
    *   Target surface form: "entering"
    *   Context sentence: "This means "tracking, "whose main purpose is less to permit the gifted youngsters to flourish (though that is clearly desirable) than to ensure that the less gifted get the necessary grounding for further study or for <t>entering</t> the modern world of work."
    *   Phrase: "entering the modern world of work".

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `enter%2:38:00::` | Definition: "to come or go into" | Synonyms: come in, get into, etc. | Examples: "the boat entered an area of shallow marshes".
        *   *Analysis:* Physical movement into a space. While one can "enter a room", "entering the world of work" is metaphorical. It usually implies starting a career or joining the workforce, not physically walking into a geographic location called "the world of work". However, broad metaphorical usage often aligns with "coming into" a state or sphere. Let's keep it in mind, but look for a more specific sense regarding participation or starting.

    *   **Sense 2:** `enter%2:33:00::` | Definition: "become a participant; be involved in" | Synonyms: participate | Examples: "enter a race", "enter an agreement".
        *   *Analysis:* This fits "entering the world of work" quite well. It means becoming a participant in the workforce. It's about engagement and involvement in an activity or sphere (the world of work). The phrase "enter the workforce" or "enter the world of work" is a standard idiom for starting employment.

    *   **Sense 3:** `enter%2:41:06::` | Definition: "register formally as a participant or member" | Synonyms: enroll, inscribe, enrol, recruit | Examples: "The party recruited many new members".
        *   *Analysis:* This is too bureaucratic. You don't "register" for the world of work; you join it or start it. "Enrolling" doesn't fit "world of work".

    *   **Sense 4:** `enter%2:42:00::` | Definition: "be or play a part of or in" | Synonyms: figure | Examples: "Elections figure prominently..."
        *   *Analysis:* Incorrect meaning.

    *   **Sense 5:** `enter%2:32:04::` | Definition: "make a record of; set down in permanent form" | Synonyms: record, put down.
        *   *Analysis:* Incorrect meaning.

    *   **Sense 6:** `enter%2:36:00::` | Definition: "come on stage".
        *   *Analysis:* Incorrect meaning.

    *   **Sense 7:** `enter%2:41:00::` | Definition: "take on duties or office" | Synonyms: accede | Examples: "accede to the throne".
        *   *Analysis:* This is for formal offices (like kings or presidents). "World of work" is a broader concept, not a specific office one accedes to.

    *   **Sense 8:** `enter%2:35:03::` | Definition: "put or introduce into something" | Synonyms: insert, infix, introduce | Examples: "insert a picture into the text".
        *   *Analysis:* Incorrect meaning.

    *   **Sense 9:** `enter%2:30:10::` | Definition: "set out on (an enterprise or subject of study)" | Synonyms: embark | Examples: "she embarked upon a new career".
        *   *Analysis:* This is a strong contender. "Entering the world of work" is akin to "embarking on a career". It involves starting something new. However, Sense 2 ("become a participant") captures the state of being in the workforce better than just the act of starting. But let's look closer. Sense 2 examples: "enter a race", "enter an agreement". Sense 9 examples: "embark upon a new career". "Entering the world of work" is very similar to "embarking on a career". However, WordNet often distinguishes between "entering a contest/activity" (Sense 2) and "entering a sphere of life/state" (Sense 1 or 9). Let's look at the hierarchical structure implicit in the glosses.

    Let's reconsider Sense 1 ("to come or go into").
    Phrase: "entering the modern world of work".
    Is it physical? No.
    Is it "setting out on"? (Sense 9). It is starting work.
    Is it "becoming a participant"? (Sense 2).
    In standard WSD datasets (like OntoNotes or SemCor), "enter the workforce" or "enter a profession" often maps to a specific sense.
    Sense 2 ("become a participant") usually applies to specific events or agreements (enter a race, enter negotiations).
    Sense 9 ("set out on...") usually applies to careers or subjects (enter the ministry, enter medicine).
    Sense 1 ("to come or go into") is the most general. One can "enter a phase", "enter a period".

    Let's look at the WordNet 3.0/3.1 specific definitions for these synsets to refine the choice.
    Sense 1 (38:00): `enter` -- come or go into. (Physical).
    Sense 2 (33:00): `participate` -- become a participant; be involved in. "enter a race".
    Sense 9 (30:10): `embark` -- set out on (an enterprise or subject of study). "enter a career".

    Context: "grounding for... entering the modern world of work".
    Is "the modern world of work" an "enterprise"? Yes.
    Is it a "race" or "agreement"? No.
    Is it a physical location? No.
    Is it a state/sphere?
    Often, "enter [sphere of activity/life]" is grouped under Sense 2 (Participation) or Sense 1 (General movement into a sphere).
    However, Sense 9 specifically mentions "career" in the definition/explanation of `embark`. "Embarking upon a new career" is the example.
    "Entering the world of work" is synonymous with "starting a career".
    This makes Sense 9 a very strong candidate.

    Let's check Sense 2 again. "Participate". Synonyms: participate. "Participating the modern world of work" doesn't sound right grammatically. "Participate in" would be the construction. "Enter" is transitive here.
    Sense 9 "Embark". "Embark on/upon".
    Let's check Sense 1 again. "Come into". "Coming into the modern world of work". This is a standard metaphorical extension of physical motion.

    Let's look at how WordNet treats similar contexts.
    "enter a convent" -> usually Sense 9 (embark on a way of life) or Sense 7 (take on duties? No).
    "enter the medical profession" -> Sense 9.
    "enter the world of work" is similar to "enter the profession/workforce".

    Let's look at the definitions again.
    Sense 9: "set out on (an enterprise or subject of study)".
    "The modern world of work" isn't exactly an "enterprise" or "subject of study". It is a sphere of existence.
    Sense 2: "become a participant; be involved in".
    If you enter the world of work, you become a participant in it.
    Sense 1: "to come or go into".
    WordNet often uses this for abstract spaces too? e.g. "enter a zone of danger".
    But usually, specific abstract usages take precedence.
    "Enter a race" -> Sense 2.
    "Enter a career" -> Sense 9.
    "Enter the world of work" sits between Sense 1 and Sense 9.

    Let's look at the specific sense keys provided.
    Sense 9 is `enter%2:30:10::`. Gloss: "set out on (an enterprise or subject of study)".
    Example: "she embarked upon a new career".
    "Entering the modern world of work" is very close to "embarking upon a new career". It implies the transition from school to work.

    Let's consider Sense 2 (`enter%2:33:00::`). Gloss: "become a participant; be involved in". Synonyms: participate.
    Example: "enter a race".
    Is "the modern world of work" an activity you participate in like a race? Or is it a life path/career? It is a life path/sphere.
    Sense 9 seems more appropriate for "career/work" contexts.

    Let's consider Sense 1 (`enter%2:38:00::`). Gloss: "to come or go into".
    This is the 'fall-back' sense for abstract spaces if no specific sense applies. However, Sense 9 specifically covers careers. "World of work" is synonymous with "career/working life".
    Therefore, Sense 9 captures the semantic nuance of "starting a career/working life" better than Sense 1 (general movement) or Sense 2 (specific event participation).

    Let's verify Sense 9.
    Synonyms: embark.
    "Embarking on the modern world of work"? "Embarking on a career".
    Is "entering the world of work" = "starting a career"? Yes.
    Does Sense 9 fit? "Set out on...". Yes.

    Let's check if there's a better fit.
    What about Sense 1? "Get into".
    "Get into the world of work".
    Usage notes often distinguish:
    Physical: Sense 1.
    Abstract sphere (season, phase): Sense 1.
    Activity/Competition: Sense 2.
    Career/Profession: Sense 9.

    The context contrasts "further study" with "entering the modern world of work".
    "Further study" is a path. "World of work" is a path.
    Sense 9 deals with "enterprise or subject of study".
    Is "world of work" an enterprise? No.
    But is it close enough to "career"?
    Let's look at Sense 2 again. "Become a participant".
    You become a participant in the world of work.
    But usually, Sense 2 is for things like "enter a conversation", "enter a war", "enter a race".
    Sense 9 is "enter a career", "enter the ministry".
    "World of work" aligns with "career".

    Therefore, Sense 9 is the best choice.

    Let me double check the sense index mapping.
    1. `enter%2:38:00::` (Physical)
    2. `enter%2:33:00::` (Participate)
    3. `enter%2:41:06::` (Register)
    4. `enter%2:42:00::` (Figure)
    5. `enter%2:32:04::` (Record)
    6. `enter%2:36:00::` (Stage)
    7. `enter%2:41:00::` (Office)
    8. `enter%2:35:03::` (Insert)
    9. `enter%2:30:10::` (Embark)

    The choice is between Sense 2 and Sense 9 (and arguably 1).
    If I look at OntoNotes mappings:
    "enter a career" -> `enter%2:30:10` (Sense 9).
    "enter the workforce" -> `enter%2:30:10` (Sense 9).
    "enter a market" -> `enter%2:30:10` (Sense 9 - business enterprise) or `enter%2:38:00` (Sense 1 - abstract space)? Usually Sense 9 if it means "start operating in".
    "enter a race" -> `enter%2:33:00` (Sense 2).

    "World of work" equates to the workforce/career market.
    Therefore, Sense 9 is the intended sense.

    Wait, let me re-read Sense 2 carefully.
    "become a participant; be involved in".
    "Enter the workforce". You become a participant in the workforce.
    "Enter a career".
    WordNet 3.0 distinctions:
    Sense 2 (`participate`): "enter a race", "enter an agreement", "enter a conversation".
    Sense 9 (`embark`): "enter a career", "enter the ministry".
    The distinction seems to be between joining a specific event/agreement/process (Sense 2) vs starting a life path/profession (Sense 9).
    "World of work" is a life path/sphere of existence, similar to "career".
    So Sense 9 fits better than Sense 2.

    Sense 1 (`enter%2:38:00`): "to come or go into".
    Example: "the boat entered an area of shallow marshes".
    Metaphorical: "enter a period of joy".
    While one can say "enter the world of work" involves movement into a sphere, Sense 9 is more specific to the professional/life-path aspect.

    Final check: Sense 9 definition "set out on (an enterprise or subject of study)".
    "World of work" isn't strictly an enterprise or subject of study. It is a "world".
    However, the example "she embarked upon a new career" is the clincher. "World of work" = "career/workforce".
    Is there any other sense?
    No.

    Let's confirm the index.
    Sense 9 has index 9.
    The user wants `{"sense_index": X}`.

    Let's double check Sense 2 vs Sense 9 one last time.
    Context: "...grounding for further study or for entering the modern world of work."
    Comparison: "further study" vs "entering ... work".
    "Further study" is a pursuit.
    "Entering ... work" is starting a pursuit.
    "Embark" fits "start a pursuit".
    "Participate" fits "joining an event".
    Work is ongoing, not an event like a race.
    So Sense 9 is the correct one.

    One might argue Sense 1 (come into) because it is a "world". But in WSD, if a more specific sense exists that covers the domain (career/life path), it is preferred over the generic physical/metaphorical movement sense. Sense 9 covers the "career/life path" domain.

    Therefore, I will select Sense 9.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: world
Target surface form: world
Context:
The new money flows into the already top-heavy administrative structure, which busies itself piling more and more paper work on the teachers. There is neither mystery nor paradox in the fact that as educational expenditures (in real terms) have increased sharply in the past quarter-of-a-century -- we now spend more per pupil than any other country in the world -- educational performance has declined. That is the way the system works. -- Students should move up the educational ladder as their academic potential allows. No student should be permitted to be graduated from elementary school without having mastered the 3 R's at the level that prevailed 20 years ago. This means "tracking, "whose main purpose is less to permit the gifted youngsters to flourish (though that is clearly desirable) than to ensure that the less gifted get the necessary grounding for further study or for entering the modern <t>world</t> of work. The notion that tracking is somehow "undemocratic "is absurd.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=world%1:17:01:: | definition=everything that exists anywhere | synonyms=universe, existence, creation, cosmos, macrocosm | examples=they study the evolution of the universe; the biggest tree in existence
2. sense_key=world%1:14:01:: | definition=people in general; especially a distinctive group of people with some shared interest | synonyms=domain | examples=the Western world
3. sense_key=world%1:09:00:: | definition=all of your experiences that determine how things appear to you | synonyms=reality | examples=his world was shattered; we live in different worlds
4. sense_key=world%1:17:00:: | definition=the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on | synonyms=Earth, globe | examples=the Earth moves around the sun; he sailed around the world
5. sense_key=world%1:14:02:: | definition=people in general considered as a whole | synonyms=populace, public | examples=he is a hero in the eyes of the public
6. sense_key=world%1:17:02:: | definition=a part of the earth that can be considered separately | examples=the outdoor world; the world of insects
7. sense_key=world%1:09:01:: | definition=the concerns of this life as distinguished from heaven and the afterlife | synonyms=worldly concern, earthly concern, earth | examples=they consider the church to be independent of the world
8. sense_key=world%1:05:00:: | definition=all of the living human inhabitants of the earth | synonyms=human race, humanity, humankind, human beings, humans, mankind | examples=all the world loves a lover; she always used `humankind' because `mankind' seemed to slight the women

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context**:
    *   Target lemma: "world"
    *   Context snippet: "...ensure that the less gifted get the necessary grounding for further study or for entering the modern **world** of work."
    *   The phrase is "world of work".

2.  **Evaluate candidate senses**:

    *   *Sense 1*: "everything that exists anywhere" (universe). "Universe of work" doesn't fit well. The context isn't about the cosmos.
    *   *Sense 2*: "people in general; especially a distinctive group of people with some shared interest". Synonym: domain. Example: "the Western world". The phrase "world of work" often refers to the domain or sphere of work. It implies a specific sector or sphere of activity. This looks promising.
    *   *Sense 3*: "all of your experiences that determine how things appear to you". "modern reality of work"? Maybe, but "world of work" is a fixed collocation usually referring to the sphere/sector.
    *   *Sense 4*: "the 3rd planet from the sun". "modern planet of work"? No.
    *   *Sense 5*: "people in general considered as a whole". "modern populace of work"? No.
    *   *Sense 6*: "a part of the earth that can be considered separately". Examples: "outdoor world", "world of insects". This definition implies a distinct sphere or realm of existence/activity. The examples "world of insects" suggests a specific sphere of nature/life. "World of work" fits this pattern of a distinct sphere/domain.
    *   *Sense 7*: "the concerns of this life as distinguished from heaven...". No.
    *   *Sense 8*: "all of the living human inhabitants...". No.

3.  **Compare Sense 2 and Sense 6**:
    *   *Sense 2* definition: "people in general; especially a distinctive group of people with some shared interest". Synonym: domain.
    *   *Sense 6* definition: "a part of the earth that can be considered separately". Examples: "the outdoor world", "the world of insects".

    Let's look closely at the phrase "world of work".
    Does "world of work" refer to *people*? Or a *domain/sphere*?
    It refers to the sphere of activity, the environment, or the domain.
    Sense 2 emphasizes *people* ("people in general..."). While the business world involves people, "world of work" isn't primarily defined as the people themselves, but the domain/sphere.
    Sense 6 emphasizes "a part of the earth... considered separately". The examples "world of insects" (a biological sphere) and "outdoor world" align well with "world of work" (a professional sphere).
    However, WordNet often maps "sphere" or "domain" concepts under specific senses.

    Let's check standard WordNet (3.0/3.1) hierarchy for this specific nuance.
    Sense 2: `world%1:14:01::`. Hypernym: `people`. Definition: "people in general; especially a distinctive group of people with some shared interest". Examples: "the Western world". Here, "Western world" refers to a group of people/culture. "World of work" doesn't fit "people in general".
    Sense 6: `world%1:17:02::`. Hypernym: `part, portion`. Definition: "a part of the earth that can be considered separately". Examples: "the outdoor world", "the world of insects". Note: "world of insects" is a specific domain/sphere. "World of work" is analogous to "world of insects" - a self-contained sphere of activity/life.

    Wait, let's look at Sense 6's definition again: "a part of the earth that can be considered separately". The example "world of insects" seems slightly broader than just a geographic part of the earth, it's a sphere of existence.
    Is there another sense?
    Let's look at Sense 2 again. "people in general... distinctive group... shared interest".
    Is "world of work" a group of people? No, it's a sphere.
    Let's look at Sense 6 again. "part of the earth...". This seems physical/geographical, but the example "world of insects" pushes it towards "sphere". In many WSD tasks, "world of [noun]" usually maps to the "sphere/domain" sense.

    Let's reconsider Sense 2. Sometimes dictionaries conflate "sphere" and "people within that sphere". But Sense 2 explicitly says "people". "The business world" refers to people *in* business, but "the world of work" refers to the activity/state of working.
    Actually, Sense 6 ("world of insects") is the closest structural parallel. "World of work" is a domain/realm.

    Let's check if there's a sense for "sphere".
    WordNet 3.0:
    Sense 1: Universe.
    Sense 2: World (people). "the Western world".
    Sense 3: World (psychological).
    Sense 4: Earth.
    Sense 5: Populace.
    Sense 6: "a part of the earth that can be considered separately". "the outdoor world"; "the world of insects".

    Does "world of work" fit "part of the earth"? Metaphorically, yes. It's a separate sphere. The example "world of insects" is the key clue. If "world of insects" fits sense 6, "world of work" fits sense 6. Both define a realm of existence distinct from others.

    Let's check Sense 2 again. Examples: "the Western world". This is geopolitical/cultural people.
    Let's check Sense 8. "all the world loves a lover". Human race.

    Context: "entering the modern world of work".
    This is a distinct sphere/domain.
    Candidate 6 has the example "world of insects". An insect world is a sphere of existence. The world of work is a sphere of existence.
    Candidate 2 is strictly people. "The world of work" is not "the people of work".

    Therefore, Sense 6 is the best fit among the provided candidates, despite the definition wording "part of the earth" which might sound geographical, the example "world of insects" broadens this to "sphere/realm".

    Let's double check if there is any other interpretation.
    Sense 1? No.
    Sense 3? "His world was shattered". Subjective reality. No.
    Sense 7? Secular vs religious. No.

    Decision: Sense 6.
    Reasoning: The phrase "world of work" denotes a specific sphere, realm, or domain of activity. Among the options, Sense 6 includes examples like "world of insects," which parallels "world of work" as a self-contained sphere or domain, distinct from Sense 2 which focuses on groups of people (e.g., "the Western world") or Sense 4 which is the physical planet.

    Wait, I need to check the indexing provided in the prompt carefully.
    The prompt lists:
    1. universe...
    2. people in general... distinctive group... (Western world)
    3. experiences...
    4. planet...
    5. populace...
    6. part of the earth... (world of insects)
    7. concerns of this life...
    8. living human inhabitants...

    "World of work" is a domain/sphere.
    Sense 2 examples: "the Western world" (people/culture).
    Sense 6 examples: "the outdoor world", "the world of insects".
    "World of work" is semantically closer to "world of insects" (a specific realm/environment) than "Western world" (a group of people).

    Therefore, index 6.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: work
Target surface form: work
Context:
The new money flows into the already top-heavy administrative structure, which busies itself piling more and more paper work on the teachers. There is neither mystery nor paradox in the fact that as educational expenditures (in real terms) have increased sharply in the past quarter-of-a-century -- we now spend more per pupil than any other country in the world -- educational performance has declined. That is the way the system works. -- Students should move up the educational ladder as their academic potential allows. No student should be permitted to be graduated from elementary school without having mastered the 3 R's at the level that prevailed 20 years ago. This means "tracking, "whose main purpose is less to permit the gifted youngsters to flourish (though that is clearly desirable) than to ensure that the less gifted get the necessary grounding for further study or for entering the modern world of <t>work</t>. The notion that tracking is somehow "undemocratic "is absurd.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=work%1:04:00:: | definition=activity directed toward making or doing something | examples=she checked several points needing further work
2. sense_key=work%1:06:00:: | definition=a product produced or accomplished through the effort or activity or agency of a person or thing | synonyms=piece of work | examples=it is not regarded as one of his more memorable works; the symphony was hailed as an ingenious work
3. sense_key=work%1:04:01:: | definition=the occupation for which you are paid | synonyms=employment | examples=he is looking for employment; a lot of people are out of work
4. sense_key=work%1:09:00:: | definition=applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading) | synonyms=study | examples=mastering a second language requires a lot of work; no schools offer graduate study in interior design
5. sense_key=work%1:19:00:: | definition=(physics) a manifestation of energy; the transfer of energy from one physical system to another expressed as the product of a force and the distance through which it moves a body in the direction of that force | examples=work equals force times distance
6. sense_key=work%1:06:01:: | definition=a place where work is done | synonyms=workplace | examples=he arrived at work early today
7. sense_key=work%1:06:02:: | definition=the total output of a writer or artist (or a substantial part of it) | synonyms=oeuvre, body of work | examples=he studied the entire Wagnerian oeuvre; Picasso's work can be divided into periods

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "work" in the phrase "the modern world of work".

Let me analyze the context:
- The passage is discussing education and how students should be prepared for their future
- The phrase is "entering the modern world of work"
- This refers to the professional/employment world that students will enter after their education

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=work%1:04:00:: - "activity directed toward making or doing something" - This is too general. The example "she checked several points needing further work" shows this is about tasks/activities.

2. sense_key=work%1:06:00:: - "a product produced or accomplished through the effort or activity or agency of a person or thing" - This refers to a completed piece of work, like a symphony or artistic creation. Not relevant here.

3. sense_key=work%1:04:01:: - "the occupation for which you are paid" with synonym "employment" - Examples: "he is looking for employment; a lot of people are out of work" - This seems most fitting. The "world of work" refers to the employment/job market.

4. sense_key=work%1:09:00:: - "applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject" - This is about academic study, not relevant here.

5. sense_key=work%1:19:00:: - Physics definition of work - Not relevant here.

6. sense_key=work%1:06:01:: - "a place where work is done" with synonym "workplace" - This is about a physical location, not the concept of work/employment.

7. sense_key=work%1:06:02:: - "the total output of a writer or artist" - This is about artistic/literary output, not relevant.

The phrase "world of work" is a common collocation referring to the professional/employment world. This aligns best with sense 3, which refers to occupation/employment. The students are being prepared to enter the workforce/employment world, not a specific workplace (sense 6) or doing tasks (sense 1).

The answer is sense 3.

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: notion
Target surface form: notion
Context:
There is neither mystery nor paradox in the fact that as educational expenditures (in real terms) have increased sharply in the past quarter-of-a-century -- we now spend more per pupil than any other country in the world -- educational performance has declined. That is the way the system works. -- Students should move up the educational ladder as their academic potential allows. No student should be permitted to be graduated from elementary school without having mastered the 3 R's at the level that prevailed 20 years ago. This means "tracking, "whose main purpose is less to permit the gifted youngsters to flourish (though that is clearly desirable) than to ensure that the less gifted get the necessary grounding for further study or for entering the modern world of work. The <t>notion</t> that tracking is somehow "undemocratic "is absurd. The purpose of education is to encourage young men and women to realize their full academic potential.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=notion%1:09:02:: | definition=a vague idea in which some confidence is placed | synonyms=impression, feeling, belief, opinion | examples=his impression of her was favorable; what are your feelings about the crisis?
2. sense_key=notion%1:09:00:: | definition=a general inclusive concept
3. sense_key=notion%1:09:01:: | definition=an odd or fanciful or capricious idea | synonyms=whim, whimsy, whimsey | examples=the theatrical notion of disguise is associated with disaster in his stories; he had a whimsy about flying to the moon
4. sense_key=notion%1:06:00:: | definition=(usually plural) small personal articles or clothing or sewing items | examples=buttons and needles are notions

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:**
    *   Task: Fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD).
    *   Target lemma: notion.
    *   Context: A text discussing educational expenditures, performance, tracking, and the democratic nature of education.
    *   Specific Sentence: "The <t>notion</t> that tracking is somehow 'undemocratic' is absurd."
    *   Candidate senses:
        *   1: vague idea/impression/belief.
        *   2: general inclusive concept.
        *   3: odd/fanciful/capricious idea (whim).
        *   4: small personal articles (sewing items).
    *   Output format: JSON object `{"sense_index": int}`.

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The sentence is: "The notion that tracking is somehow 'undemocratic' is absurd."
    *   What does "notion" refer to here? It refers to the proposition or idea that "tracking is undemocratic".
    *   Is it a vague idea/impression (Sense 1)? It's a specific proposition people hold. It's often used interchangeably with "belief" or "idea".
    *   Is it a general inclusive concept (Sense 2)? This usually refers to abstract categories (e.g., the notion of freedom, the notion of justice). Here, it refers to a specific claim/assertion: "tracking is undemocratic". This is a specific idea or belief held by some people, not a broad abstract category in the philosophical sense, though it's close.
    *   Is it a whim (Sense 3)? No, it's a serious educational policy debate.
    *   Is it sewing items (Sense 4)? No, clearly metaphorical/abstract.

3.  **Compare Senses 1 and 2:**
    *   *Sense 1:* "a vague idea in which some confidence is placed". Synonyms: impression, feeling, belief, opinion. Examples: "his impression of her was favorable", "what are your feelings...".
    *   *Sense 2:* "a general inclusive concept".
    *   Let's look at how "notion" is used in the sentence. "The notion that tracking is somehow 'undemocratic'..."
    *   This structure "The notion that X is Y" usually implies a belief, idea, or opinion held by a group of people. The author is arguing against this idea.
    *   WordNet distinction:
        *   Sense 1 (Impression/feeling/belief/opinion): often implies a subjective view or something believed. "The notion that..." is a very common collocation for Sense 1.
        *   Sense 2 (General inclusive concept): often used for "the notion of X". E.g., "The notion of time is complex." It denotes the concept itself, not necessarily a specific proposition to be debated as true/false (absurd).
    *   The context says this notion is "absurd". You generally call a *belief* or *opinion* absurd. You don't typically call a "general inclusive concept" absurd in this context. You might say "the concept is flawed," but "absurd" targets the validity of the claim (the belief). The claim is "tracking is undemocratic".
    *   Let's check the mapping.
        *   "The notion that tracking is..." -> This is a propositional content. It's an idea/belief.
        *   Synonyms for Sense 1 include "belief" and "opinion". These fit perfectly with "The [opinion] that tracking is undemocratic is absurd."
        *   Sense 2 is usually a hypernym or a broader philosophical term. E.g. "notion" as a synonym for "concept".
    *   Let's look closely at WordNet definitions again.
        *   Sense 1: "a vague idea in which some confidence is placed". While "vague" might be in the definition, the synonyms "belief", "opinion" are the key anchors for usage. In this text, the author attributes the idea that tracking is undemocratic to others (presumably critics of tracking). He treats it as a mistaken belief/opinion.
        *   Sense 2: "a general inclusive concept".
    *   Standard WSD practice for "notion":
        *   "The notion of progress" -> Sense 2 (Concept).
        *   "He has a notion that he can fly" -> Sense 1 (Belief/Impression) or possibly Sense 3 (Whim) depending on context.
        *   "The notion that tracking is undemocratic" -> This is a proposition held by people. Is it a "general concept"? No, it's a specific thesis. Is it a "belief"? Yes.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 ("belief", "opinion") is the best fit.

4.  **Refining the choice:**
    *   Sense 1 definition: "a vague idea in which some confidence is placed".
    *   Sense 1 examples: "his impression of her was favorable", "what are your feelings about the crisis?".
    *   In the text: "The notion that tracking is somehow 'undemocratic'..."
    *   People hold this idea. The author thinks it's absurd.
    *   If I substitute: "The *belief* that tracking is somehow 'undemocratic' is absurd." -> Fits perfectly.
    *   If I substitute: "The *concept* that tracking is somehow 'undemocratic' is absurd." -> Fits slightly less well (concepts aren't usually "absurd" in this way, claims are).
    *   Thus, Sense 1 is superior to Sense 2.

5.  **Final check:**
    *   Sense 3 (whim)? No.
    *   Sense 4 (sewing)? No.
    *   Choice is between 1 and 2.
    *   Sense 1 captures the "idea/belief held by someone" aspect. The "that-clause" modifying notion ("that tracking is...") specifies the content of the belief. This aligns with Sense 1's association with opinion/belief.

    *   *Self-Correction/Double Check:* Does "vague" in the definition of Sense 1 disqualify it?
        *   WordNet definitions can be quirky. The "vague" part is often interpreted loosely as "not necessarily fully formed scientific theory" or "mental construct".
        *   The key is the synonyms: "belief", "opinion", "impression". These fit the context of a policy debate where one side holds a view the author rejects.
        *   Sense 2 ("general inclusive concept") is usually used for abstract nouns like "freedom", "time", "justice". "The notion that tracking is undemocratic" is a specific thought/proposition, not a general concept like "tracking" or "democracy" themselves.
    *   Conclusion: Sense 1 is the correct choice.

    *   Wait, let me re-read the specific WordNet entry for notion.
    *   WordNet 3.1 (or similar versions):
        *   notion%1:09:02:: (Sense 1 in the prompt list): "a vague idea in which some confidence is placed" {impression, feeling, belief, opinion, notion}.
        *   notion%1:09:00:: (Sense 2 in the prompt list): "a general inclusive concept" {notion, concept, conception, construct}.
    *   Context: "The notion that tracking is somehow 'undemocratic' is absurd."
    *   The phrase "The notion that X" is the standard way to introduce a *belief* or *idea* (mental content) that is being evaluated.
    *   If I look at corpus data (COCA/BNC), "notion that" overwhelmingly maps to the sense of "idea/belief".
    *   Sense 1 is the best fit.

    *   Let's check if there's any ambiguity with Sense 3 ("odd or fanciful idea").
        *   "The notion that tracking is undemocratic" is presented as a serious (though absurd in the author's eyes) belief held by critics. It's not a "whimsy" or "capricious idea". It's a stance in a debate. So Sense 3 is out.

    *   So it's Sense 1.

6.  **Construct Output:**
    *   JSON format.
    *   `{"sense_index":1}`

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: purpose
Target surface form: purpose
Context:
That is the way the system works. -- Students should move up the educational ladder as their academic potential allows. No student should be permitted to be graduated from elementary school without having mastered the 3 R's at the level that prevailed 20 years ago. This means "tracking, "whose main purpose is less to permit the gifted youngsters to flourish (though that is clearly desirable) than to ensure that the less gifted get the necessary grounding for further study or for entering the modern world of work. The notion that tracking is somehow "undemocratic "is absurd. The <t>purpose</t> of education is to encourage young men and women to realize their full academic potential. No one in his right mind actually believes that we all have an equal academic potential.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=purpose%1:09:00:: | definition=an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions | synonyms=intent, intention, aim, design | examples=his intent was to provide a new translation; good intentions are not enough
2. sense_key=purpose%1:07:00:: | definition=what something is used for | synonyms=function, role, use | examples=the function of an auger is to bore holes; ballet is beautiful but what use is it?
3. sense_key=purpose%1:07:01:: | definition=the quality of being determined to do or achieve something; firmness of purpose | synonyms=determination | examples=his determination showed in his every movement; he is a man of purpose

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "purpose" in the context:

"The purpose of education is to encourage young men and women to realize their full academic potential."

Let me analyze each candidate sense:

1. sense_key=purpose%1:09:00:: | definition=an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions | synonyms=intent, intention, aim, design
- This sense refers to an anticipated outcome or intention behind actions

2. sense_key=purpose%1:07:00:: | definition=what something is used for | synonyms=function, role, use
- This sense refers to the function or use of something

3. sense_key=purpose%1:07:01:: | definition=the quality of being determined to do or achieve something; firmness of purpose | synonyms=determination
- This sense refers to determination or resolve

Looking at the context: "The purpose of education is to encourage young men and women to realize their full academic potential."

This is talking about what education is FOR - its function, what it's used for. The sentence structure "The purpose of X is to Y" is asking about the function/role of education.

Sense 2 (what something is used for / function, role, use) fits best here. The purpose of education = what education is used for = its function.

Sense 1 would be more like "his purpose in studying hard was to get into a good college" - referring to an individual's intended outcome or aim.

Sense 3 is about determination/resolve, which doesn't fit this context at all.

The answer should be sense 2 (index 2).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: education
Target surface form: education
Context:
That is the way the system works. -- Students should move up the educational ladder as their academic potential allows. No student should be permitted to be graduated from elementary school without having mastered the 3 R's at the level that prevailed 20 years ago. This means "tracking, "whose main purpose is less to permit the gifted youngsters to flourish (though that is clearly desirable) than to ensure that the less gifted get the necessary grounding for further study or for entering the modern world of work. The notion that tracking is somehow "undemocratic "is absurd. The purpose of <t>education</t> is to encourage young men and women to realize their full academic potential. No one in his right mind actually believes that we all have an equal academic potential.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=education%1:04:00:: | definition=the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill | synonyms=instruction, teaching, pedagogy, didactics, educational activity | examples=he received no formal education; our instruction was carefully programmed
2. sense_key=education%1:09:00:: | definition=knowledge acquired by learning and instruction | examples=it was clear that he had a very broad education
3. sense_key=education%1:09:01:: | definition=the gradual process of acquiring knowledge | examples=education is a preparation for life; a girl's education was less important than a boy's
4. sense_key=education%1:04:01:: | definition=the profession of teaching (especially at a school or college or university)
5. sense_key=education%1:07:01:: | definition=the result of good upbringing (especially knowledge of correct social behavior) | synonyms=training, breeding | examples=a woman of breeding and refinement
6. sense_key=education%1:14:00:: | definition=the United States federal department that administers all federal programs dealing with education (including federal aid to educational institutions and students); created 1979 | synonyms=Department of Education, Education Department

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   Context: "The purpose of <t>education</t> is to encourage young men and women to realize their full academic potential."
    *   Surrounding text discusses the educational system, tracking students, graduating from elementary school, mastering skills (3 R's), and preparing for work or further study.
    *   The specific sentence talks about the "purpose of education".
    *   Is "education" here a specific activity? A body of knowledge? A process? A profession? A government department?

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `education%1:04:00::` - "the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill" (synonyms: instruction, teaching).
        *   Context fit: "The purpose of [the activities of educating] is to encourage..." This fits well. The text discusses how students move up, tracking, etc. These are activities.

    *   **Sense 2:** `education%1:09:00::` - "knowledge acquired by learning and instruction".
        *   Context fit: "The purpose of [knowledge acquired] is to encourage..." This doesn't fit semantically. Knowledge doesn't have a "purpose" in the active sense of encouraging potential; the *system* or *process* does. One possesses knowledge; one doesn't usually say the purpose of knowledge *is* to encourage potential (though having it might be the result).

    *   **Sense 3:** `education%1:09:01::` - "the gradual process of acquiring knowledge".
        *   Context fit: "The purpose of [the gradual process of acquiring knowledge] is to encourage..." This fits very well. The text talks about moving up an "educational ladder", "further study", "grounding". This implies a process over time. The sentence equates education with the system/process that helps students realize potential.

    *   **Sense 4:** `education%1:04:01::` - "the profession of teaching".
        *   Context fit: "The purpose of [the profession of teaching] is..." While possible, the context talks about students moving up, tracking, and the system, which points more to the broader concept or process than just the profession itself.

    *   **Sense 5:** `education%1:07:01::` - "the result of good upbringing".
        *   Context fit: Not relevant here. This is about "breeding" and social behavior. The context is academic potential and 3 R's.

    *   **Sense 6:** `education%1:14:00::` - "the United States federal department".
        *   Context fit: No, not a specific government body.

3.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 3:**
    *   Sense 1 focuses on the *activities* (teaching, instruction).
    *   Sense 3 focuses on the *process* of acquiring knowledge.
    *   The text discusses "Students should move up the educational ladder", "further study", "grounding". This implies a span of time and development.
    *   The sentence in question: "The purpose of education is to encourage young men and women to realize their full academic potential."
    *   Is it the specific activities (lectures, lessons) or the broader process/system?
    *   The text mentions "the system works". It talks about "academic potential".
    *   Sense 1 example: "he received no formal education".
    *   Sense 3 example: "education is a preparation for life".
    *   The phrase "The purpose of education is..." aligns strongly with Sense 3's example "education is a preparation for life". Both are broad, almost philosophical statements about the nature/goal of the educational process/endeavor.
    *   Sense 1 (activities) is often used countably or referring to specific acts ("his education was interrupted"). Sense 3 (process) is often abstract/mass noun.
    *   In "The purpose of education", we are looking at the abstract concept of the educational endeavor/process.
    *   Sense 1 definition: "activities of educating". Sense 3 definition: "gradual process of acquiring knowledge".
    *   The context emphasizes "academic potential", "move up the ladder". This suggests growth over time. Sense 3 ("gradual process") captures the temporal aspect and the development aspect better than Sense 1 ("activities").
    *   Let's check WordNet hierarchy/structure nuances.
        *   Sense 1 (act) vs Sense 3 (process).
        *   The text describes tracking, graduation, moving up a ladder. This is a process.
        *   Therefore, Sense 3 seems the most precise fit for the broad, systemic meaning intended here.

4.  **Final check:**
    *   Target sentence: "The purpose of education is to encourage young men and women to realize their full academic potential."
    *   Sense 3 definition: "the gradual process of acquiring knowledge". Example: "education is a preparation for life".
    *   The target sentence is essentially paraphrasing the example for Sense 3.
    *   Sense 1 synonyms (instruction, teaching) are specific acts. While the process involves acts, the "purpose" statement usually refers to the *institution* or the *process* of education.
    *   Conclusion: Sense 3 is the best match.

    Index mapping:
    1. sense_key=education%1:04:00::
    2. sense_key=education%1:09:00::
    3. sense_key=education%1:09:01::
    ...

    Result: Sense 3.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: encourage
Target surface form: encourage
Context:
That is the way the system works. -- Students should move up the educational ladder as their academic potential allows. No student should be permitted to be graduated from elementary school without having mastered the 3 R's at the level that prevailed 20 years ago. This means "tracking, "whose main purpose is less to permit the gifted youngsters to flourish (though that is clearly desirable) than to ensure that the less gifted get the necessary grounding for further study or for entering the modern world of work. The notion that tracking is somehow "undemocratic "is absurd. The purpose of education is to <t>encourage</t> young men and women to realize their full academic potential. No one in his right mind actually believes that we all have an equal academic potential.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=encourage%2:41:00:: | definition=contribute to the progress or growth of | synonyms=promote, advance, boost, further | examples=I am promoting the use of computers in the classroom
2. sense_key=encourage%2:37:00:: | definition=inspire with confidence; give hope or courage to
3. sense_key=encourage%2:32:00:: | definition=spur on | examples=His financial success encouraged him to look for a wife

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the senses to determine which one best fits the usage of "encourage" in this sentence.

The sentence is:
"The purpose of education is to encourage young men and women to realize their full academic potential."

Let me look at each sense:

1. "contribute to the progress or growth of" - This sense focuses on promoting, advancing, boosting, or furthering something. The example "I am promoting the use of computers in the classroom" suggests actively supporting or advocating for something to help it grow or progress.

2. "inspire with confidence; give hope or courage to" - This sense focuses on providing emotional support, giving someone confidence or hope.

3. "spur on" - This sense focuses on motivating or inciting action, with the example "His financial success encouraged him to look for a wife" suggesting that something acted as a catalyst for action.

In the context, the sentence is discussing the purpose of education, which is described as to "encourage young men and women to realize their full academic potential." This implies that education should help students reach their potential by promoting, fostering, or contributing to their academic growth and development.

Sense 1 ("contribute to the progress or growth of") seems most aligned with this meaning, as education is meant to promote or advance students' academic potential. The emphasis is on facilitating progress toward realizing one's potential, which is more about contributing to growth and development than inspiring confidence (sense 2) or spurring on (sense 3).

Sense 3's "spur on" meaning is somewhat close, but the example given ("His financial success encouraged him to look for a wife") suggests more of a catalyzing effect rather than the ongoing facilitation implied in the educational context.

Therefore, sense 1 seems to be the best fit for this context. The purpose of education is to contribute to the progress of students' academic potential, to promote or advance it.

My answer is {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: Chutes


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: young
Target surface form: young
Context:
That is the way the system works. -- Students should move up the educational ladder as their academic potential allows. No student should be permitted to be graduated from elementary school without having mastered the 3 R's at the level that prevailed 20 years ago. This means "tracking, "whose main purpose is less to permit the gifted youngsters to flourish (though that is clearly desirable) than to ensure that the less gifted get the necessary grounding for further study or for entering the modern world of work. The notion that tracking is somehow "undemocratic "is absurd. The purpose of education is to encourage <t>young</t> men and women to realize their full academic potential. No one in his right mind actually believes that we all have an equal academic potential.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=young%3:00:00:: | definition=(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth | synonyms=immature | examples=young people
2. sense_key=young%5:00:00:early:02 | definition=(of crops) harvested at an early stage of development; before complete maturity | synonyms=new | examples=new potatoes; young corn
3. sense_key=young%5:00:01:young:00 | definition=suggestive of youth; vigorous and fresh | synonyms=youthful, vernal | examples=he is young for his age
4. sense_key=young%5:00:00:new:00 | definition=being in its early stage | examples=a young industry; the day is still young
5. sense_key=young%5:00:00:inexperienced:00 | definition=not tried or tested by experience | synonyms=unseasoned, untested, untried | examples=unseasoned artillery volunteers; still untested in battle

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: "young"
    *   Target surface form: "young"
    *   Context snippet: "The purpose of education is to encourage <t>young</t> men and women to realize their full academic potential."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses students, elementary school, gifted youngsters, academic potential, and the educational system. It refers to "young men and women" in the specific phrase containing the target.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth`
        *   Synonyms: immature
        *   Examples: young people
        *   Analysis: This sense refers to the biological or chronological age of living beings (persons). The context talks about students and education, specifically "young men and women". This fits the literal age of the students being discussed.

    *   **Sense 2:** `(of crops) harvested at an early stage of development; before complete maturity`
        *   Synonyms: new
        *   Examples: new potatoes; young corn
        *   Analysis: This is specific to agriculture/crops. The context is about people (men and women). This is incorrect.

    *   **Sense 3:** `suggestive of youth; vigorous and fresh`
        *   Synonyms: youthful, vernal
        *   Examples: he is young for his age
        *   Analysis: This sense is often used to describe appearance or spirit, or perhaps a comparative state (looking young). While "young men and women" possess youthfulness, Sense 1 is the primary definition for living beings in an early period of life. Sense 3 usually implies an attribute or quality rather than just the state of being young, or is used in specific collocations like "young at heart" or "young for his age". Here, it is a simple adjective describing the age group of the men and women.

    *   **Sense 4:** `being in its early stage`
        *   Synonyms: None listed in the prompt, but usually associated with inanimate things.
        *   Examples: a young industry; the day is still young
        *   Analysis: This applies to abstract concepts, time, or industries. The target is "men and women" (living things). This is incorrect.

    *   **Sense 5:** `not tried or tested by experience`
        *   Synonyms: unseasoned, untested, untried
        *   Examples: unseasoned artillery volunteers
        *   Analysis: This implies inexperience. While young people are often inexperienced, the context focuses on their "academic potential" and their role as students, which inherently implies they are in an early period of life (Sense 1), rather than specifically focusing on their lack of experience (Sense 5). The phrase "young men and women" is a standard descriptor for age/youth (Sense 1).

3.  **Select the best sense:**
    *   The phrase "young men and women" refers to people (students) who are in an early period of life (youth/students).
    *   Sense 1 defines this exact condition for living things/persons: "in an early period of life".
    *   Sense 3 is a close second in terms of general meaning, but WordNet distinguishes between the literal biological age (Sense 1) and the quality of being "youthful/vigorous" (Sense 3). For a standard noun phrase like "young men", Sense 1 is the default, primary sense. The example "young people" provided for Sense 1 is semantically identical to "young men and women".

4.  **Final Verification:**
    *   Context: "encourage young men and women".
    *   Sense 1 definition: "(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life...".
    *   Match: Perfect match for human beings denoted by age.

5.  **Construct the Output:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   The correct sense is Sense 1.
    *   Therefore, `{"sense_index": 1}`.

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: man
Target surface form: men
Context:
That is the way the system works. -- Students should move up the educational ladder as their academic potential allows. No student should be permitted to be graduated from elementary school without having mastered the 3 R's at the level that prevailed 20 years ago. This means "tracking, "whose main purpose is less to permit the gifted youngsters to flourish (though that is clearly desirable) than to ensure that the less gifted get the necessary grounding for further study or for entering the modern world of work. The notion that tracking is somehow "undemocratic "is absurd. The purpose of education is to encourage young <t>men</t> and women to realize their full academic potential. No one in his right mind actually believes that we all have an equal academic potential.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=man%1:18:00:: | definition=an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman) | synonyms=adult male | examples=there were two women and six men on the bus
2. sense_key=man%1:18:03:: | definition=someone who serves in the armed forces; a member of a military force | synonyms=serviceman, military man, military personnel | examples=two men stood sentry duty
3. sense_key=man%1:18:04:: | definition=the generic use of the word to refer to any human being | examples=it was every man for himself
4. sense_key=man%1:05:01:: | definition=any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae characterized by superior intelligence, articulate speech, and erect carriage | synonyms=homo, human being, human
5. sense_key=man%1:18:08:: | definition=a male subordinate | examples=the chief stationed two men outside the building; he awaited word from his man in Havana
6. sense_key=man%1:18:06:: | definition=an adult male person who has a manly character (virile and courageous competent) | examples=the army will make a man of you
7. sense_key=man%1:18:05:: | definition=a manservant who acts as a personal attendant to his employer | synonyms=valet, valet de chambre, gentleman, gentleman's gentleman | examples=Jeeves was Bertie Wooster's man
8. sense_key=man%1:18:07:: | definition=a male person who plays a significant role (husband or lover or boyfriend) in the life of a particular woman | examples=she takes good care of her man
9. sense_key=man%1:15:00:: | definition=one of the British Isles in the Irish Sea | synonyms=Isle of Man
10. sense_key=man%1:06:00:: | definition=game equipment consisting of an object used in playing certain board games | synonyms=piece | examples=he taught me to set up the men on the chess board; he sacrificed a piece to get a strategic advantage
11. sense_key=man%1:05:00:: | definition=all of the living human inhabitants of the earth | synonyms=world, human race, humanity, humankind, human beings, humans | examples=all the world loves a lover; she always used `humankind' because `mankind' seemed to slight the women

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "men" in the context: "The purpose of education is to encourage young men and women to realize their full academic potential."

Let me analyze the context:
- The phrase is "young men and women"
- This is talking about students/young people being educated
- The context discusses education, students, academic potential
- The contrast is explicitly between "men" and "women" (male and female)

Now let me look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=man%1:18:00:: | definition=an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman) | synonyms=adult male | examples=there were two women and six men on the bus

2. sense_key=man%1:18:03:: | definition=someone who serves in the armed forces; a member of a military force - This doesn't fit. This is about students.

3. sense_key=man%1:18:04:: | definition=the generic use of the word to refer to any human being - The phrase "men and women" specifically contrasts males and females, so this isn't the generic use.

4. sense_key=man%1:05:01:: | definition=any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae... - This is the biological/scientific sense. While it could apply, the context specifically contrasts men and women, indicating gender distinction.

5. sense_key=man%1:18:08:: | definition=a male subordinate - Doesn't fit.

6. sense_key=man%1:18:06:: | definition=an adult male person who has a manly character - Doesn't fit.

7. sense_key=man%1:18:05:: | definition=a manservant who acts as a personal attendant - Doesn't fit.

8. sense_key=man%1:18:07:: | definition=a male person who plays a significant role (husband or lover or boyfriend) - Doesn't fit.

9. sense_key=man%1:15:00:: | definition=one of the British Isles in the Irish Sea - Doesn't fit.

10. sense_key=man%1:06:00:: | definition=game equipment - Doesn't fit.

11. sense_key=man%1:05:00:: | definition=all of the living human inhabitants of the earth - Doesn't fit.

The most fitting sense is sense 1: "an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)" - The context explicitly contrasts "men" with "women" referring to young male students as opposed to female students. The phrase "men and women" is a classic gender contrast, matching sense 1 perfectly.

Wait, I should reconsider sense 4 - the generic use. But the phrase "men and women" specifically differentiates between male and female persons, so it's not using "men" in a generic sense to mean "human beings." The construction "men and women" shows they are separate categories being referenced together.

So sense 1 is thebest fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: woman
Target surface form: women
Context:
That is the way the system works. -- Students should move up the educational ladder as their academic potential allows. No student should be permitted to be graduated from elementary school without having mastered the 3 R's at the level that prevailed 20 years ago. This means "tracking, "whose main purpose is less to permit the gifted youngsters to flourish (though that is clearly desirable) than to ensure that the less gifted get the necessary grounding for further study or for entering the modern world of work. The notion that tracking is somehow "undemocratic "is absurd. The purpose of education is to encourage young men and <t>women</t> to realize their full academic potential. No one in his right mind actually believes that we all have an equal academic potential.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=woman%1:18:00:: | definition=an adult female person (as opposed to a man) | synonyms=adult female | examples=the woman kept house while the man hunted
2. sense_key=woman%1:18:01:: | definition=a female person who plays a significant role (wife or mistress or girlfriend) in the life of a particular man | examples=he was faithful to his woman
3. sense_key=woman%1:18:02:: | definition=a human female employed to do housework | synonyms=charwoman, char, cleaning woman, cleaning lady | examples=the char will clean the carpet; I have a woman who comes in four hours a day while I write
4. sense_key=woman%1:14:00:: | definition=women as a class | synonyms=womanhood, fair sex | examples=it's an insult to American womanhood; woman is the glory of creation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Lemma and Surface Form:**
    *   Target lemma: "woman"
    *   Surface form: "women" (plural).

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   Sentence: "The purpose of education is to encourage young men and **women** to realize their full academic potential."
    *   Broader context: The text discusses education, "tracking" students based on academic potential, mastering the 3 R's, and preparing for work or further study. It contrasts "young men and women" as the subjects of this education.
    *   Key phrase: "young men and women". This is a coordinate structure contrasting male and female individuals within the demographic of students/youth.

3.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `woman%1:18:00::` | definition=an adult female person (as opposed to a man) | synonyms=adult female.
        *   *Critique:* This refers to an adult female individual. The context mentions "young men and women". While students can be adults (university level), the phrase "young men and women" is a standard generic way to refer to the male and female youth/young adult population. This sense captures the biological/social category of female persons in contrast to males. It fits the generic use in "men and women".

    *   **Sense 2:** `woman%1:18:01::` | definition=a female person who plays a significant role (wife or mistress or girlfriend) in the life of a particular man.
        *   *Critique:* The context is about education and students. There is no mention of a relationship role (wife, mistress, girlfriend). This sense is incorrect.

    *   **Sense 3:** `woman%1:18:02::` | definition=a human female employed to do housework.
        *   *Critique:* The context is academic potential, not housekeeping services. This sense is incorrect.

    *   **Sense 4:** `woman%1:14:00::` | definition=women as a class | synonyms=womanhood, fair sex.
        *   *Critique:* This sense refers to the abstract concept of "womanhood" or women as a collective sociological class (e.g., "American womanhood"). The sentence uses the plural "women" coordinated with "men". While there is a collective aspect to the plural form, the phrase "young men and women" refers to individual people (the students) collectively, rather than the abstract concept of the "fair sex". However, WordNet often distinguishes between the individual (sense 1) and the class (sense 4).
        *   Let's check the definitions again.
        *   Sense 1: "an adult female person". Note the "adult" part. The text says "young men and women". Students are often young adults, but "young women" implies a subset of the class. The definition specifically says "adult female person".
        *   Sense 4: "women as a class". Example: "it's an insult to American womanhood". This is usually used with singular "woman" (archaic/literary) or abstract collective "womanhood".
        *   Let's look at the surface form: "women". The text says "young men and women".
        *   Is Sense 1 restricted to *adult* in a way that excludes "young women"? In standard usage, "young women" are still considered under the category of "women" (female persons) generally, or approaching adulthood.
        *   Let's look at the hypernym structure.
            *   Sense 1: `woman` (person).
            *   Sense 4: `woman` (group/collection).
        *   The phrase "young men and women" lists individuals. "Students should move up... encourage young men and women to realize..." This refers to the individual agents within the student body.
        *   Usually, in WSD, the distinction between the individual (Sense 1) and the class (Sense 4) depends on whether the word acts as a noun denoting a person or a group.
        *   Example for Sense 4: "It's an insult to American womanhood". Here "womanhood" or "woman" represents the concept/class.
        *   Example for Sense 1: "the woman kept house". An individual.
        *   The text has "young men and women". These are countable entities (plural). "Men and women" are specific types of people. Sense 1 is the standard definition for a female person. The "adult" qualifier in the gloss might be slightly misleading if one considers "children", but "young women" are essentially adult or near-adult females. The context mentions "Students... move up... graduated from elementary school...". Wait, elementary school students are children.
        *   If the text refers to "young men and women" in the context of "Students", does it imply adult females?
        *   The text says: "The purpose of education is to encourage young men and women to realize their full academic potential."
        *   Earlier it says: "No student should be permitted to be graduated from elementary school..."
        *   Later it says: "...grounding for further study or for entering the modern world of work."
        *   The phrase "young men and women" acts as a generic term for the student population (likely secondary or higher, given the "world of work" context, or just generic 'youth').
        *   Sense 1 definition: "an adult female person (as opposed to a man)".
        *   Is a "young woman" an "adult female"? Yes, "young woman" usually means a young adult female.
        *   Does Sense 4 ("women as a class") fit better? "Encourage women (as a class) to realize their potential"? No, it's encouraging the individuals (students). The plural "women" here is simply the plural of the individual "woman".
        *   Let's compare Sense 1 and Sense 4 in WordNet.
            *   Sense 1 is a Person.
            *   Sense 4 is a Group.
        *   When we say "men and women", we are referring to a group composed of individual persons. The primary sense is the individual person sense (Sense 1). The "class" sense (Sense 4) is usually reserved for abstract discussions like "the role of woman in society" (singular) or specific collective uses.
        *   Although the gloss of Sense 1 says "adult", "young women" are classified under this lemma. If the text meant "girls", it might say "boys and girls". "Young men and women" implies young adults or older adolescents.
        *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the appropriate choice for the female counterpart to "men" in a list of people.

    *   Let's double check the "adult" constraint in Sense 1.
    *   WordNet 3.0/3.1 definition for woman%1:18:00:: is "an adult female person (as opposed to a man)".
    *   If the students are elementary school age, they are not adults. However, the specific sentence "encourage young men and women" suggests a mature category of students or a rhetorical flourish generalizing students as "men and women" (citizens). Even if they are children, "women" is used here as the female counterpart to "men".
    *   Let's check if there is a "female child" sense. "Girl" exists. Since "women" is used, the author is invoking the category of female persons.
    *   Is Sense 4 a better fit? Sense 4: "women as a class".
    *   Usage: "Men and women". This is a coordination of two plural nouns denoting sets of people.
    *   Sense 1 is the standard count noun. Sense 4 is the collective/mass noun (often singular 'woman' used collectively, or 'womanhood').
    *   In "men and women", we are counting individuals. Even though they are plural, they are instantiations of Sense 1.
    *   If the text said "Woman is the glory of creation" (Sense 4).
    *   Here the text says "young men and women". This refers to the people. Sense 1 is the best fit among the options, as it defines the entity "female person". The "adult" part of the gloss is a typical WordNet specification to distinguish from "girl", but "young woman" falls under "woman" (Sense 1) in most interpretations over the abstract class (Sense 4).

    *   Let's verify Sense 4 usage. "It's an insult to American womanhood".
    *   Let's verify Sense 1 usage. "The woman kept house".
    *   "Young men and women" -> These are people. Sense 1.

    *   What about the "adult" qualifier?
        *   Context: "Students... graduated from elementary school... further study or for entering the modern world of work." The text spans the educational spectrum but culminates in "entering the modern world of work", which implies adulthood. "Young men and women" are the subjects of this process.
        *   Sense 1 is clearly the intended sense for the gender counterpart in "men and women".

4.  **Final Selection:**
    *   The target is "women".
    *   It appears in the phrase "young men and women".
    *   It refers to female persons.
    *   It contrasts with "men".
    *   Sense 1 defines "an adult female person (as opposed to a man)".
    *   Sense 4 defines "women as a class".
    *   In "men and women", we are referring to the individuals comprising the group, not the sociological class "womanhood". Sense 1 is the standard noun sense.

    *   Index: 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: realize
Target surface form: realize
Context:
That is the way the system works. -- Students should move up the educational ladder as their academic potential allows. No student should be permitted to be graduated from elementary school without having mastered the 3 R's at the level that prevailed 20 years ago. This means "tracking, "whose main purpose is less to permit the gifted youngsters to flourish (though that is clearly desirable) than to ensure that the less gifted get the necessary grounding for further study or for entering the modern world of work. The notion that tracking is somehow "undemocratic "is absurd. The purpose of education is to encourage young men and women to <t>realize</t> their full academic potential. No one in his right mind actually believes that we all have an equal academic potential.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=realize%2:31:01:: | definition=be fully aware or cognizant of | synonyms=recognize, recognise, realise, agnize, agnise
2. sense_key=realize%2:31:00:: | definition=perceive (an idea or situation) mentally | synonyms=understand, realise, see | examples=Now I see!; I just can't see your point
3. sense_key=realize%2:36:00:: | definition=make real or concrete; give reality or substance to | synonyms=realise, actualize, actualise, substantiate | examples=our ideas must be substantiated into actions
4. sense_key=realize%2:40:01:: | definition=earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages | synonyms=gain, take in, clear, make, earn, realise | examples=How much do you make a month in your new job?; She earns a lot in her new job
5. sense_key=realize%2:40:00:: | definition=convert into cash; of goods and property | synonyms=realise
6. sense_key=realize%2:36:07:: | definition=expand or complete (a part in a piece of baroque music) by supplying the harmonies indicated in the figured bass | synonyms=realise

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output: sense_index": 3}

content: sense_index": 3}

reasoning_content:
1.  **An context:**
    *   Target lemma: `realize`
    *   Target surface form: `realize`
    *   Context sentence: "The purpose of education is to encourage young men and women to <t>realize</t> their full academic potential."
    *   Broader context: The text discusses "tracking" in education, mastering skills, and moving up the educational ladder based on academic potential. It argues against the idea that tracking is undemocratic, stating that the goal is to help students reach their potential.

2.  **Analyze the syntactic frame:**
    *   The phrase is "realize their full academic potential".
    *   Here, `realize` takes a direct object (`their full academic potential`).
    *   The meaning is to make something real, to actualize, or to bring into existence/fulfillment.

3.  **Evaluate candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `be fully aware or cognizant of` (synonyms: recognize).
        *   *Test:* "encourage young men and women to *be aware of* their full academic potential."
        *   *Fit:* While awareness is good, the context talks about the purpose of education in terms of output, achievement ("flourish", "grounding for further study"). Being aware of potential isn't the ultimate purpose; fulfilling that potential is. This sense doesn't fit well with the object "potential" in this context. You usually "realize" a fact or a mistake, not "potential" in the sense of merely becoming aware of it (though you could, usually phrased as "realize they have potential"). But here, the object is "realize their potential" as an action of fulfillment.

    *   **Sense 2:** `perceive see).
        *   *Test:* "encourage young men and women to *understand* their full academic potential."
        *   *Fit:* Similar to Sense 1. It implies cognition. The context is about educational outcomes and achievement (mastering 3 R's, flourishing). One does not "perceive" potential as the main goal of education; one "achieves" it.

    *   **Sense 3:** `make real or concrete; give reality or substance to` (synonyms: actualize, actualise, substantiate).
        *   *Test:* "encourage young men and women to *actualize* their full academic is a standard collocation meaning to fulfill or achieve the possibilities inherent in someone. The synonyms "actualize" and "substantiate" align well with the context of education leading to concrete results (work, further study).

    *   **Sense 4:** `earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages` (synonyms: gain, make, earn).
        *   *Test:* "encourage young men and women to *earn* their full academic potential."
        *   *Fit:* This is about money. "Academic potential" is not money. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 5:** `convert into cash; of goods and property`.
        *   *Test:* Selling goods.
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect context.

    *  .  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 3 (the most likely confusion):**
    *   Sense 1 is cognitive (mental realization).
    *   Sense 3 is action/result-oriented (actualization).
    *   Phrase: "realize their potential".
    *   If I say "I realized my potential", it means I achieved it/fulfilled it.
    *   If I say "I realized I had potential", it means I became aware of it.
    *   The text says: "encourage... to realize their full academic potential." The structure "realize + [potential]" without a subordinate clause (like "that they have...") strongly points to the meaning of fulfilling/actualizing.
    *   Therefore, Sense 3 is the correct choice.

5.  **Final Decision:**
    *   The definition "make real or concrete; give reality or substance to" matches the context of education facilitating the achievement of potential.
    *   Index: 3.

6.  **Formatting:** Return JSON `{"sense_index": 3}`.

provider: Amazon Bedrock