[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: factor
Target surface form: factors
Context:
An examination of changes in personal staffing decisions in the Senate between 1986 and 1987 -LRB- when control of that body changed party hands -RRB-, moreover, reveals that the personal staffing differences noted in the table can not be attributed to the disproportionate control Democrats exercise, due to their majority - party status, over other resources such as committee staff. An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other <t>factors</t> constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=factor%1:11:00:: | definition=anything that contributes causally to a result | examples=a number of factors determined the outcome
2. sense_key=factor%1:09:00:: | definition=an abstract part of something | synonyms=component, constituent, element, ingredient | examples=jealousy was a component of his character; two constituents of a musical composition are melody and harmony
3. sense_key=factor%1:23:00:: | definition=one of two or more integers that can be exactly divided into another integer | synonyms=divisor | examples=what are the 4 factors of 6?
4. sense_key=factor%1:18:00:: | definition=a businessman who buys or sells for another in exchange for a commission | synonyms=agent, broker
5. sense_key=factor%1:23:01:: | definition=any of the numbers (or symbols) that form a product when multiplied together
6. sense_key=factor%1:09:01:: | definition=an independent variable in statistics
7. sense_key=factor%1:08:00:: | definition=(genetics) a segment of DNA that is involved in producing a polypeptide chain; it can include regions preceding and following the coding DNA as well as introns between the exons; it is considered a unit of heredity | synonyms=gene, cistron | examples=genes were formerly called factors

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The text discusses political science, specifically voting behavior, ticket splitting, and econometric investigations.
    *   Sentence 1 mentions "personal staffing decisions," "Democrats," "Republicans," "majority-party status," etc.
    *   Sentence 2 (crucial): "Holding other *factors* constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors..."
    *   Sentence 3: "...positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is..."
    *   Sentence 5 (target occurrence): "A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other *factors* constant, the difference between a state's major-party vote..."
    *   The phrase "holding other factors constant" is a standard phrase in statistics and econometrics (ceteris paribus). It refers to variables that influence the outcome (the vote share difference) but are being kept static to isolate the effect of the specific variable being studied (the state tax rate).
    *   The specific examples of "factors" mentioned are "incumbency advantages and regional factors" and later implicitly "state tax rate" (though that's the independent variable). These are causal influences on the vote.

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**
    *   *Sense 1 (factor%1:11:00::):* "anything that contributes causally to a result". Examples: "a number of factors determined the outcome". This fits the general meaning in an econometric model. "Incumbency advantages" and "regional factors" are causes that contribute to the voting result.
    *   *Sense 2 (factor%1:09:00::):* "an abstract part of something". Synonyms: component, constituent. This is about constitution/composition (e.g., ingredients of a character). While factors are "parts" of an explanation, the specific usage here is about causal contribution in a variable model, not just a constituent part.
    *   *Sense 3 (factor%1:23:00::):* "one of two or more integers that can be exactly divided into another integer". Mathematical divisor. Not applicable.
    *   *Sense 4 (factor%1:18:00::):* "a businessman who buys or sells for another...". Agent/broker. Not applicable.
    *   *Sense 5 (factor%1:23:01::):* "any of the numbers (or symbols) that form a product when multiplied together". Mathematical multiplicand. Not applicable.
    *   *Sense 6 (factor%1:09:01::):* "an independent variable in statistics". This is highly relevant. The phrase "holding other factors constant" is a statistical/econometric context. The "factors" listed (incumbency, regional attributes) are treated as independent variables in the regression model described ("cross-state econometric investigation"). However, WordNet sense distinctions often separate the general causal sense from the specific technical statistical sense. Let's compare Sense 1 and Sense 6 closely.
    *   *Sense 7 (factor%1:08:00::):* "a segment of DNA... gene". Not applicable.

3.  **Distinguish between Sense 1 and Sense 6:**
    *   Sense 1: "anything that contributes causally to a result". This is the general, common sense usage.
    *   Sense 6: "an independent variable in statistics".
    *   Context: "A cross-state econometric investigation... reveals that, holding other *factors* constant..."
    *   The text explicitly mentions an "econometric investigation". This confirms a statistical context. The "factors" are treated as variables to be held constant.
    *   However, let's look at the typical mapping for this phrase. In WordNet annotation guidelines (like SemCor or OntoNotes), how is "factor" usually tagged in "factor in X" or "holding factors constant"?
    *   Sense 1 is the hypernym/general causal sense. Sense 6 is the technical statistics sense.
    *   Is the text using "factor" strictly as a technical term for a variable in a regression equation, or as a general "causal influence" that happens to be modeled statistically?
    *   Usually, if a word is used in its technical domain meaning, that sense takes precedence. Here, the context is *explicitly* statistical/econometric.
    *   Let's look at the examples provided in the prompt for Sense 1: "a number of factors determined the outcome". This is generic.
    *   Let's look at Sense 6: "an independent variable in statistics".
    *   The phrase "holding other factors constant" is the definition of *ceteris paribus* in statistical analysis. In this context, "incumbency advantages" and "regional factors" are the independent variables being controlled.
    *   However, WordNet hierarchy and usage often favor the causal sense (Sense 1) unless the text is defining the statistical term itself or strictly referring to the column of data. In natural language processing of WordNet, Sense 1 is the most frequent sense (MFS). Sense 6 is much rarer.
    *   Let's re-read the sentence: "Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages..."
    *   "Incumbency advantages" are causes. "Regional factors" are causes.
    *   Does the author mean "statistical variables" or "causal influences"? They mean causal influences *treated as* variables.
    *   In many WSD datasets (like SemCor), instances of "factor" in general contexts are Sense 1.
    *   Let's look at Sense 6 again. Is it reserved for sentences like "X is a factor in the regression"?
    *   Actually, Sense 1 ("anything that contributes causally to a result") is the broader definition that encompasses the usage here. Even in a statistical model, we call them "factors" because they cause the variation in the dependent variable.
    *   Let's check Sense 6's specificity. If the text says "X is a factor," it usually means X is a cause.
    *   Let's compare with a similar word, "variable". If the text said "holding other variables constant," it would refer to the statistical object. Here, "factors" refers to the real-world influences (incumbency, region).
    *   Standard WordNet annotations often tag "factor" as Sense 1 in these types of contexts (causal explanation), even if statistical methods are mentioned. Sense 6 is typically used for "factor analysis" or strictly referring to the mathematical construct distinct from the reality.
    *   Let's look at the example for Sense 1: "a number of factors determined the outcome". This matches the logic of the sentence: these factors influence the vote.
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 2 (component). Not a fit.
    *   Let's reconsider Sense 6. Is "independent variable" a perfect synonym for "factor" here? In a regression, yes. But is that the *meaning* the author is conveying? The author is talking about real-world conditions (incumbency, tax burden) that cause voting results. The statistical method is the tool used to measure them.
    *   Usually, WordNet Sense 1 covers the general causal usage. Sense 6 is a specific hyponym.
    *   If I have to choose between a general sense that fits (1) and a specific technical sense that also fits (6), which does the linguist choose?
    *   Convention: If the context is technical, the technical sense is often preferred. However, Sense 6 is defined as "an independent variable in statistics". Is "incumbency advantage" an independent variable? Yes. Is that what the word "factor" *means* here?
    *   Alternative view: "Factor" is a polysemous word. In common parlance, "risk factors" or "deciding factors" are Sense 1.
    *   Let's look at the gloss of Sense 1 again: "anything that contributes causally to a result". The "result" here is the vote difference. The "factors" are incumbency, regional issues, tax rates. They contribute causally.
    *   Let's look at the gloss of Sense 6 again: "an independent variable in statistics".
    *   In the sentence: "Holding other factors constant..."
    *   In statistics, one "holds variables constant". One "controls for factors".
    *   The phrase "holding... constant" strongly signals the statistical operation.
    *   However, SemCor/WordNet mappings often prioritize the "causal agent" (Sense 1) over the "statistical variable" (Sense 6) in general text, because the referent is the real-world phenomenon (incumbency), not just the number in the computer.
    *   BUT, if we look at WordNet 3.0 or 3.1 structure:
        *   Sense 1 (causal agent) is the hypernym.
        *   Sense 6 (statistical variable) is a hyponym.
    *   If a text is discussing an "econometric investigation" and explicitly mentions "holding constant", this is the technical methodology.
    *   Let's try to find precedents. In OntoNotes, "factor" is often Sense 01 (causal). Sense 06 is rare.
    *   However, looking at the examples provided in the prompt:
        *   Sense 1: "a number of factors determined the outcome".
        *   Sense 6: No examples provided in the prompt list for Sense 6? Wait, looking at the prompt text:
        *   `6. sense_key=factor%1:09:01:: | definition=an independent variable in statistics`
    *   There are no examples for Sense 6 in the prompt list.
    *   Let's look at the sentence structure. "Holding other factors constant...".
    *   Let's consider the synonym "determinant" vs "variable".
    *   I suspect the answer is Sense 1 because the "factors" (incumbency, regional characteristics) are treated as causes contributing to the result, and the statistical context describes the *method* of isolating them, but the word "factor" itself refers to the causal element. If the author wanted to refer strictly to the math object, they might have used "variables" or "coefficients". "Factors" here bridges the gap, but typically leans towards "causal influence" in general text.
    *   Let's look at the gloss of Sense 1 again: "anything that contributes causally to a result". This is the exact semantic role incumbency plays in the voting result.
    *   Let's look at Sense 6. A variable is a placeholder. A factor (in this context) is a cause. The *concept* being denoted is the cause.
    *   Decision: Sense 1 is the most robust choice. It captures the core meaning: a contributing cause. The statistical context explains *how* they are being analyzed, but doesn't change the meaning of the word "factor" from "cause" to "mathematical variable".

    Let's double check Sense 2 (abstract part). "Jealousy was a component of his character". The factors here are not just parts of the situation; they are active causal forces.

    Let's double check Sense 6 again. In Factor Analysis (a specific statistical method), "factors" have a very specific meaning (latent variables). Here, the text implies regression ("holding constant"), not necessarily Factor Analysis. In regression, the inputs are usually called "independent variables" or "predictors". Calling them "factors" in regression retains the causal connotation (Sense 1). If the text were about Factor Analysis, Sense 6 (or a related sense) might be more appropriate. But here, "holding factors constant" treats them as causal conditions.

    Most WSD systems and human annotators would tag "factor" in "risk factors" or "contributing factors" or "factors determining the outcome" as Sense 1. The phrase "holding other factors constant" is a variation of "considering other contributing causes".

    Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.

    Let's verify Sense Index numbering.
    1. factor%1:11:00:: (Causal)
    2. factor%1:09:00:: (Component)
    3. factor%1:23:00:: (Divisor)
    4. factor%1:18:00:: (Agent)
    5. factor%1:23:01:: (Multiplicand)
    6. factor%1:09:01:: (Statistics variable)
    7. factor%1:08:00:: (Gene)

    Refining the choice between 1 and 6.
    The prompt says "WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context...".
    Sentence context: "A cross-state econometric investigation... reveals that, holding other factors constant...".
    This is explicitly an econometric (statistical) context.
    Does the word "factor" mean "independent variable" here?
    Yes, in the framework of the sentence, incumbency advantage is an independent variable.
    However, does the word "factor" *mean* "independent variable" (Sense 6) or does it mean "causal influence" (Sense 1) *which functions as* an independent variable?
    Gloss Sense 1: "anything that contributes causally to a result".
    Gloss Sense 6: "an independent variable in statistics".
    Usage example for 1: "a number of factors determined the outcome".
    If we substitute: "Holding other [causal influences] constant..." -> Works.
    If we substitute: "Holding other [independent variables] constant..." -> Works.

    Usually, Sense 1 is the default for "factor" in general texts. Sense 6 is quite specific. Given the specific mention of "econometric investigation", there is a pull towards 6. But usually, the "causal" meaning is the primary referent. The *variable* is the representation of the factor. The factor itself is the causal reality.
    "Incumbency advantage" is a *factor* (causal condition). It is *modeled as* a variable.
    Since the text speaks of "incumbency advantages and regional factors" as the content of the word, these are real-world causes.
    Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct definition of the object referred to. The statistical context describes the operation ("holding constant").

    I will stick with Sense 1. It is the standard definition for "factor" in phrases like "deciding factor", "risk factor", "contributing factor", and "contextual factor". The statistical variable sense is a secondary, technical hyponym often not distinct in general academic writing unless referring to the variable as a data point rather than the phenomenon. Here "incumbency advantages" is a phenomenon.

    Let's check if Sense 6 has examples in WordNet.
    WN 3.1: Sense 6 has no direct example in the prompt, but WN usually has: "The variables in the equation are the factors".
    Sense 1 is "a number of factors determined the outcome".
    The sentence in the text is: "...reveals that, holding other factors constant...".
    This mirrors "factors determined the outcome". The investigation reveals a function. The factors determine the vote.
    It fits Sense 1 perfectly. The statistical phrasing does not override the semantic category of "causal agent".

    Final check.
    Sentence: "Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages..."
    "Incumbency advantage" is a thing that contributes causally to a result (election outcome).
    Definition 1 fits.
    Definition 6 fits the container (variable), but 1 fits the content (cause).
    WSD usually favors the sense that describes the referent. The referent is the cause (incumbency).

    Result: Sense 1.

    JSON format required.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: constant
Target surface form: constant
Context:
An examination of changes in personal staffing decisions in the Senate between 1986 and 1987 -LRB- when control of that body changed party hands -RRB-, moreover, reveals that the personal staffing differences noted in the table can not be attributed to the disproportionate control Democrats exercise, due to their majority - party status, over other resources such as committee staff. An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors <t>constant</t>, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=constant%5:00:00:invariable:00 | definition=unvarying in nature | synonyms=changeless, invariant, unvarying | examples=maintained a constant temperature; principles of unvarying validity
2. sense_key=constant%3:00:00:: | definition=steadfast in purpose or devotion or affection | examples=a man constant in adherence to his ideals; a constant lover
3. sense_key=constant%5:00:00:continuous:01 | definition=uninterrupted in time and indefinitely long continuing | synonyms=ceaseless, incessant, never-ending, perpetual, unceasing, unremitting | examples=the ceaseless thunder of surf; in constant pain

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output: sense_index": 1}

finish_reason: stop

content: sense_index": 1}

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:**
    *   Target lemma: `constant` (adjective).
    *   Context: A discussion about Senate staffing and voting patterns, mentioning econometric investigations.
    *   Specific phrase: "Holding other factors constant" and "holding other factors <t>constant</t>".
    *   Task: Choose the single best indexed sense from the provided list (1, 2, or 3).
    *   Constraint: Return difference... turns out to be a positive function..."
    *   This is a standard phrase in scientific, statistical, and econometric contexts: "holding X constant" or "ceteris paribus".
    *   Meaning: Keeping other variables fixed, unchanging, or unvarying while manipulating or observing a specific variable.
    *   It implies that the factors are not changing during the analysis.

3.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:**
        *   Definition: "unvarying in nature".
        *   Synonyms: "changeless, invariant, unvarying".
        *   Examples: "maintained a constant temperature"; "principles of uninvariant) so they don't influence the outcome. The synonym "invariant" is very close to the statistical meaning.

    *   **Sense 2:**
        *   Definition: "steadfast in purpose or devotion or affection".
        *   Examples: "a man constant in adherence to his ideals"; "a constant lover".
        *   Fit: This refers to human character, loyalty, or emotion. "Factors" are abstract variables, not sentient beings with devotion. This is a poor fit.

    *   **Sense 3:**
        *   Definition: "uninterrupted in time and indefinitely long continuing".
        *   Synonyms: "ceaseless, incessant, never-ending, perpetual...".
        *   Examples: "in constant pain".
        *   Fit: This refers to time and duration (continuousness). While an experiment takes time, the phrase "holding factors constant" refers to the *state* or *value* of the factors not changing, not necessarily the *duration* being endless or uninterrupted in a "never-ending" sense. Sense 1 (unvarying/invariant) captures the specific mathematical/logical requirement of keeping values fixed much better than Sense 3 (continuous/endless).

4.  **Compare Sense 1 vs. Sense 3:**
    *   Sense 3 focuses on continuity (time).
    *   Sense 1 focuses on invariability (state/value invariant, not the time period being continuous.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

5.  **Final Check:**
    *   Context factors constant"
    *   Meaning: Keeping other factors unvarying/invariant.
    *   Sense 1 matches "unvarying" and "invariant".

6.  **Construct Output:**
    *   JSON format: `{"sense_index": 1}`.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Amazon Bedrock

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: constant
Target surface form: constant
Context:
An examination of changes in personal staffing decisions in the Senate between 1986 and 1987 -LRB- when control of that body changed party hands -RRB-, moreover, reveals that the personal staffing differences noted in the table can not be attributed to the disproportionate control Democrats exercise, due to their majority - party status, over other resources such as committee staff. An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors <t>constant</t>, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=constant%5:00:00:invariable:00 | definition=unvarying in nature | synonyms=changeless, invariant, unvarying | examples=maintained a constant temperature; principles of unvarying validity
2. sense_key=constant%3:00:00:: | definition=steadfast in purpose or devotion or affection | examples=a man constant in adherence to his ideals; a constant lover
3. sense_key=constant%5:00:00:continuous:01 | definition=uninterrupted in time and indefinitely long continuing | synonyms=ceaseless, incessant, never-ending, perpetual, unceasing, unremitting | examples=the ceaseless thunder of surf; in constant pain

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

[Assistant] sense_index": 1}

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 3. Return only valid JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target**: The target lemma is "constant" used as an adjective. The specific context involves the phrase "holding other factors constant". This phrase appears twice: "Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages..." and "...holding other factors constant, the difference...". This is a technical/academic context (econometric investigation).

2.  **Analyze the Context**:
    *   "Holding other factors constant" is a standard phrase in statistics, science, and economics. It refers to the *ceteris paribus* condition.
    *   It means keeping specific variables unchanged/unvarying while examining the effect of another variable.
    *   The text discusses analyzing voting patterns and tax burdens while ensuring other variables (like incumbency or region) do not change or influence the specific relationship being studied.

3.  **Analyze Candidate Senses**:
    *   **Sense 1**: `constant%5:00:00:invariable:00`. Definition: "unvarying in nature". Synonyms: "changeless, invariant, unvarying". Examples: "maintained a constant temperature", "principles of unvarying validity".
        *   *Fit*: This sense aligns perfectly with "holding factors constant". To hold a factor constant is to keep it unvarying/invariant. The scientific usage of controlling variables fits "unvarying in nature" (within the scope of the experiment/analysis).
    *   **Sense 2**: `constant%3:00:00::`. Definition: "steadfast in purpose or devotion or affection". Examples: "a man constant in adherence to his ideals", "a constant lover".
        *   *Fit*: This refers to human traits of loyalty or steadfastness. "Factors" (abstract variables) cannot be "steadfast" or "devoted". This is clearly wrong.
    *   **Sense 3**: `constant%5:00:00:continuous:01`. Definition: "uninterrupted in time and indefinitely long continuing". Synonyms: "ceaseless, incessant, never-ending". Examples: "the ceaseless thunder of surf", "in constant pain".
        *   *Fit*: This refers to duration/continuity over time (non-stop). While the analysis happens over time, "holding factors constant" does not mean "holding factors ceaselessly" or "holding factors incessantly". It means holding them at a fixed value or unvarying level. This sense refers to continuity, not invariability.

4.  **Conclusion**:
    *   The phrase "holding other factors constant" means keeping them fixed or unvarying.
    *   Sense 1 covers "unvarying in nature".
    *   Sense 2 covers loyalty.
    *   Sense 3 covers continuity over time.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

5.  **Formulate Output**: The user wants a JSON object with the index.
    *   `{"sense_index": 1}`


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: difference
Target surface form: difference
Context:
An examination of changes in personal staffing decisions in the Senate between 1986 and 1987 -LRB- when control of that body changed party hands -RRB-, moreover, reveals that the personal staffing differences noted in the table can not be attributed to the disproportionate control Democrats exercise, due to their majority - party status, over other resources such as committee staff. An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the <t>difference</t> between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=difference%1:07:00:: | definition=the quality of being unlike or dissimilar | examples=there are many differences between jazz and rock
2. sense_key=difference%1:11:00:: | definition=a variation that deviates from the standard or norm | synonyms=deviation, divergence, departure | examples=the deviation from the mean
3. sense_key=difference%1:10:00:: | definition=a disagreement or argument about something important | synonyms=dispute, difference of opinion, conflict | examples=he had a dispute with his wife; there were irreconcilable differences
4. sense_key=difference%1:24:00:: | definition=a significant change | examples=the difference in her is amazing; his support made a real difference
5. sense_key=difference%1:23:00:: | definition=the number that remains after subtraction; the number that when added to the subtrahend gives the minuend | synonyms=remainder

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target lemma is "difference" and I need to determine which sense it takes in the given context.

Let me look at the context:
"the <t>difference</t> between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate."

This is talking about the numerical difference between voting percentages - specifically the difference between the Republican gubernatorial vote and the Republican share of the state house.

Earlier in the context: "the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election"

This is clearly about the numerical/statistical difference between two values (voting percentages/shares).

Let me analyze each sense:

1. sense_key=difference%1:07:00:: | definition=the quality of being unlike or dissimilar | examples=there are many differences between jazz and rock
- This is about qualitative differences, unlike characteristics. Not really fitting here.

2. sense_key=difference%1:11:00:: | definition=a variation that deviates from the standard or norm | synonyms=deviation, divergence, departure | examples=the deviation from the mean
- This could potentially fit if we think about deviation from some norm, but the context is more about the numerical difference between two quantities.

3. sense_key=difference%1:10:00:: | definition=a disagreement or argument about something important | synonyms=dispute, difference of opinion, conflict
- This is about disagreements/conflicts. Not applicable here.

4. sense_key=difference%1:24:00:: | definition=a significant change | examples=the difference in her is amazing
- This is about transformation/change. Not applicable here.

5. sense_key=difference%1:23:00:: | definition=the number that remains after subtraction; the number that when added to the subtrahend gives the minuend | synonyms=remainder
- This is about mathematical difference/subtraction. The context talks about the difference between votes/shares, which is a numerical subtraction - the difference between the Republican gubernatorial vote percentage and the Republican state house share.

The context is discussing quantitative analysis - comparing two numerical values (voting percentages) and the difference between them. This is essentially a mathematical/statistical difference, which fits sense 5.

Actually, wait. Let me reconsider sense 1. The context is about "the difference between X and Y" where X and Y are vote shares/percentages. This could be interpreted as:
- The numerical difference (subtraction result) - sense 5
- The quality of being unlike/dissimilar - sense 1

In statistical/econometric contexts, when we talk about "the difference between A and B" where A and B are numerical values, we're typically referring to the mathematical difference (A - B). This is a quantitative analysis measuring how much one value differs from another numerically.

Sense 5 defines it as "the number that remains after subtraction" which is exactly what's being discussed - the numerical difference between voting percentages.

I believe sense 5 is the correct choice here.

Let me double-check: The passage says "the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates" and "the difference between a state's major-party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house" - these are both quantitative comparisons, measuring the gap between two numerical values.

Yes, sense 5 is the best fit


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: state
Target surface form: state
Context:
An examination of changes in personal staffing decisions in the Senate between 1986 and 1987 -LRB- when control of that body changed party hands -RRB-, moreover, reveals that the personal staffing differences noted in the table can not be attributed to the disproportionate control Democrats exercise, due to their majority - party status, over other resources such as committee staff. An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a <t>state</t>'s major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=state%1:15:01:: | definition=the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation | synonyms=province | examples=his state is in the deep south
2. sense_key=state%1:03:00:: | definition=the way something is with respect to its main attributes | examples=the current state of knowledge; his state of health
3. sense_key=state%1:14:01:: | definition=the group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state | examples=the state has lowered its income tax
4. sense_key=state%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=nation, country, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
5. sense_key=state%1:26:02:: | definition=(chemistry) the three traditional states of matter are solids (fixed shape and volume) and liquids (fixed volume and shaped by the container) and gases (filling the container) | synonyms=state of matter | examples=the solid state of water is called ice
6. sense_key=state%1:26:01:: | definition=a state of depression or agitation | examples=he was in such a state you just couldn't reason with him
7. sense_key=state%1:15:00:: | definition=the territory occupied by a nation | synonyms=country, land | examples=he returned to the land of his birth; he visited several European countries
8. sense_key=state%1:14:02:: | definition=the federal department in the United States that sets and maintains foreign policies | synonyms=Department of State, United States Department of State, State Department, DoS | examples=the Department of State was created in 1789

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content: sense_index": 1}

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: `state`
    *   Target surface form: `state`
    *   Context snippet: "...reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a, the lower state house, state tax rates, and comparing states <t>state</t>'s major-party vote". This implies a political-geographical entity within the United States (since it mentions Senate, GOP, federal vs state government).

2.  **Evaluate the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1 (state%1:15:01::):** "the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation" | synonyms=province | examples="his state is in the deep south".
        *   *Analysis:* This fits the US context perfectly. The US is a nation constituted of states. The context talks about gubernatorial candidates and state houses, which are specific to these constituent districts. "Province" is a synonym used in other contexts, but the definition "constituent administrative districts of a nation" is exactly what a US state is.

    *   **Sense 2 (state%1:03:00::):** "the way something is with respect to its main attributes" | examples="the current state of knowledge".
        *   *Analysis:* This refers to a condition or mode of being. The context clearly refers to a geographical-political entity ("a state's major-party vote"), not a condition.

    *   **Sense 3 (state%1:14:01::):** "the group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state" | examples="the state has lowered its income tax".
        *   *Analysis:* This often refers to "the State" as an abstract governmental actor. While the text mentions "state tax rate" (which implies the government), the target is specifically "a <t>state</t>'s major-party vote". You don't usually say "a government's major-party vote" in the sense of an institution's vote; you say the geographical constituency's vote. Also, sense 1 usually refers to the geopolitical entity itself, whereas sense 3 refers to the apparatus of government. The context distinguishes between "state government" and "state" (the entity). "A state's major-party vote" refers to the electorate/territory/polity, fitting the constituent administrative district sense better than the "government apparatus" sense.

    *   **Sense 4 (state%1:14:00::):** "a politically organized body of people under a single government" | synonyms=nation, country, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples="the state has elected a new president".
        *   *Analysis:* This usually refers to a sovereign state (a nation). The text distinguishes between "federal government" and "state government" levels. The target is one of the constituent parts of the US, not the US as a whole. Therefore, sense 4 (synonym "nation") is too broad and refers to the sovereign entity, not the sub-national entity.

 "a state of depression or agitation".
        *   *Analysis:* Psychological sense. Irrelevant.

    *   **Sense 7 (state%1:15:00::):** "the territory occupied by a nation" | synonyms=country, land.
        *   *Analysis:* Similar to sense 4, this refers to a sovereign nation's territory ("European countries"). The target is a sub-national unit (US state). This is sense 7 vs sense 1. Sense 1 is "constituent7 is "territory occupied by a nation". Since the target refers to a US state (like Alabama, California, etc.), it is a constituent district. Thus, Sense 1 is correct, not Sense 7.

    *   **Sense 8 (state%02::):** "the federal department in the United States that sets and maintains foreign policies" | synonyms=State Department.
        *   *Analysis:* Refers to the specific executive department. Context does not support this.

3.  **Refine the choice between Sense 1 and Sense 4.**
    *   Context: "cross-state econometric investigation", "Republican share of the lower state house".
    *   In US political science contexts, a "state" is a constituent administrative district.
    *   Sense 1 definition: "the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation".
    *   Sense 4 definition: "a politically organized body of people under a single government" (synonyms include nation/country).
    *   The text contrasts "federal" vs "state" levels. Federal is the national level. State is the sub-national level.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the precise definition for a sub-national district like a US state.

4.  **Final Decision:** Sense 1 matches the geopolitical entity within a federation (a constituent administrative district of a nation).

5.  **Formatting:** JSON object {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: state
Target surface form: state
Context:
An examination of changes in personal staffing decisions in the Senate between 1986 and 1987 -LRB- when control of that body changed party hands -RRB-, moreover, reveals that the personal staffing differences noted in the table can not be attributed to the disproportionate control Democrats exercise, due to their majority - party status, over other resources such as committee staff. An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a <t>state</t>'s major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=state%1:15:01:: | definition=the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation | synonyms=province | examples=his state is in the deep south
2. sense_key=state%1:03:00:: | definition=the way something is with respect to its main attributes | examples=the current state of knowledge; his state of health
3. sense_key=state%1:14:01:: | definition=the group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state | examples=the state has lowered its income tax
4. sense_key=state%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=nation, country, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
5. sense_key=state%1:26:02:: | definition=(chemistry) the three traditional states of matter are solids (fixed shape and volume) and liquids (fixed volume and shaped by the container) and gases (filling the container) | synonyms=state of matter | examples=the solid state of water is called ice
6. sense_key=state%1:26:01:: | definition=a state of depression or agitation | examples=he was in such a state you just couldn't reason with him
7. sense_key=state%1:15:00:: | definition=the territory occupied by a nation | synonyms=country, land | examples=he returned to the land of his birth; he visited several European countries
8. sense_key=state%1:14:02:: | definition=the federal department in the United States that sets and maintains foreign policies | synonyms=Department of State, United States Department of State, State Department, DoS | examples=the Department of State was created in 1789

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

[Assistant] sense_index": 1}

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 8. Return only valid JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   Target lemma: state
    *   Target sentence: "A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate."
    *   Surrounding context: The text discusses US politics, specifically the Senate, "Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election", "state government level", "Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines", "state tax rate".
    *   Specific usage: "a state's major - party vote", "state tax rate".
    *   Interpretation: The text refers to constituent administrative districts of the United States (e.g., California, Texas, New York). It distinguishes between "federal" and "state government levels". It mentions "gubernatorial candidate" (governor of a state) and "lower state house".

2.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `state%1:15:01::` | Definition: "the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation" | Synonyms: province | Examples: "his state is in the deep south".
        *   *Fit:* This fits perfectly. The US is a nation composed of constituent administrative districts called states. The context talks about "states conducting a Senate election", "gubernatorial candidate", "state tax rate". These are specific administrative districts within the nation (USA).

    *   **Sense 2:** `state%1:03:00::` | Definition: "the way something is with respect to its main attributes" | Examples: "the current state of knowledge".
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect. This refers to condition or status.

    *   **Sense 3:** `state%1:14:01::` | Definition: "the group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state" | Examples: "the state has lowered its income tax".
        *   *Fit:* This refers to the *government* or the apparatus of the state as an abstract entity acting. While the text mentions "state government", the target token "state" in "a state's major-party vote" refers to the geographical/political entity (the district itself) rather than the government officials specifically. However, Sense 1 is more precise for "constituent administrative districts". Sense 3 often implies the sovereign state acting. Sense 1 captures the sub-national entity aspect which is crucial here (comparing cross-state data).

    *   **Sense 4:** `state%1:14:00::` | Definition: "a politically organized body of people under a single government" | Synonyms: nation, country.
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect. The context contrasts "federal" vs "state". The "state" here is a sub-entity of the nation, not the sovereign nation itself (which is usually referred to as "the United States" or "the nation" in the text).

    *   **Sense 5:** `state%1:26:02::` | Definition: (chemistry) states of matter.
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 6:** `state%1:26:01::` | Definition: a state of depression or agitation.
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 7:** `state%1:15:00::` | Definition: "the territory occupied by a nation" | Synonyms: country.
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect. Same reasoning as Sense 4. This refers to a sovereign nation/country. The context is about US states.

    *   **Sense 8:** `state%1:14:02::` | Definition: "the federal department in the United States that sets and maintains foreign policies".
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect.

3.  **Select the Best Sense:**
    *   The context clearly refers to the sub-national units of the United States (e.g., states like Texas, California).
    *   Sense 1 definition: "the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation".
    *   This matches the US context perfectly (US states are constituent administrative districts).
    *   Sense 4 and 7 refer to sovereign nations/countries. Sense 3 refers to the government apparatus. Sense 1 refers to the territory/district itself.
    *   The phrase "a state's major-party vote" implies the geographical/district entity holding the vote.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

4.  **Format Output:**
    *   JSON object: `{"sense_index": 1}`

provider: Parasail


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: major
Target surface form: major
Context:
An examination of changes in personal staffing decisions in the Senate between 1986 and 1987 -LRB- when control of that body changed party hands -RRB-, moreover, reveals that the personal staffing differences noted in the table can not be attributed to the disproportionate control Democrats exercise, due to their majority - party status, over other resources such as committee staff. An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's <t>major</t> - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=major%3:00:06:: | definition=of greater importance or stature or rank | examples=a major artist; a major role
2. sense_key=major%3:00:02:: | definition=greater in scope or effect | examples=a major contribution; a major improvement
3. sense_key=major%3:00:01:: | definition=greater in number or size or amount | examples=a major portion (a majority) of the population; Ursa Major
4. sense_key=major%3:00:05:: | definition=of the field of academic study in which one concentrates or specializes | examples=his major field was mathematics
5. sense_key=major%3:00:04:: | definition=of a scale or mode | examples=major scales; the key of D major
6. sense_key=major%3:00:07:: | definition=of greater seriousness or danger | examples=a major earthquake; a major hurricane
7. sense_key=major%3:00:03:: | definition=of full legal age
8. sense_key=major%5:00:00:senior:00 | definition=of the elder of two boys with the same family name | examples=Jones major

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.    Task: Fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD).
    *   Target Lemma: `major`.
    *   Target Surface Form: `major`.
    *   Context: A long academic/political science text about voting patterns, Senate staffing, tax burdens, and party affiliations. The specific sentence containing the target word is: "A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's <t>major</t> - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate."
    *   Candidate Senses: 8 senses provided.
    *   Constraints: Choose the single best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Do not return a WordNet sense key. Return only a JSON object: `{"sense_index": X}`.

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The phrase is "major - party vote" (or "major-party vote").
    *   The text discusses politics: "Senate," "party hands," "Democrats," "Republicans," "majority - party status," "gubernatorial candidate."
    *   "Major-party" here refers to the dominant political parties (usually Democrats and Republicans in the US context) as opposed to third parties or independent candidates.
    *   The target word `major` modifies `party`.
    *   Does it mean "greater in number"?
    *   Does it mean "greater in importance"?
    *   Does it mean "greater in scope"?

3.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `of greater importance or stature or rank` (examples: major artist, major role).
        *   In politics, a "major party" is definitely one of higher rank/stature/importance compared to "minor parties."

    *   **Sense 2:** `greater in scope or effect` (examples: major contribution, major improvement).
        *   Not fitting for a party.

    *   **Sense 3:** `greater in number or size or amount` (examples: major portion (a majority) of the population; Ursa Major).
        *   A "major party" is one that gets a large number of votes, but the defining characteristic is usually its dominance/status. However, "major" in "major party" implies the main ones, the biggest ones. In US politics, "major party" is a technical term. Let's look at the relation between Sense 1 and Sense 3. Sense 1 emphasizes rank/importance. Sense 3 emphasizes number/size. A "major party" is important *because* it is large in numbers. But the adjective "major" usually maps to "important/prominent" when describing entities like organizations, roles, or people.

    *   **Sense 4:** `of the field of academic study...`.
        *   Irrelevant.

    *   **Sense 5:** `of a scale or mode`.
        *   Irrelevant.

    *   **Sense 6:** `of greater seriousness or danger`.
        *   Irrelevant.

    *   **Sense 7:** `of full legal age`.
        *   Irrelevant.

    *   **Sense 8:** `of the elder of two boys... Jones major`.
        *   Irrelevant.

4. Choice between Sense 1 and Sense 3:**
    *   Context: "major-party vote". This refers to the vote share for the main parties (Dem/Rep).
    *   Definition 1: "of greater importance or stature or rank". This fits "major party" perfectly. They are the big players.
    *   Definition 3: "greater in number or size or amount". While major parties are large, the phrase "major-party" classifies the type of party one of the two dominant parties.
    *   Let's check WordNet (conceptually) for "major party". Actually, WordNet usually treats "major" in a general adjectival sense.
    *   Let's look at the examples provided for Sense 1: "a major artist", "a major role". These are about status and prominence.
    *   Let's look at Sense 3: "a major portion (a majority) of the population". This is about quantity/amount.
    *   In the phrase "major-party", we are talking about the *classification* of the party (as opposed to a "minor party"). This is a distinction of rank/stature/importance within the political landscape, not strictly a quantitative measure of the specific vote count in that specific sentence (though the vote counts are what establish that status). The adjective describes the party's standing.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 ("of greater importance or stature or rank") is the best fit. It aligns with the distinction between "major" and "minor" leagues, or "   Sense 1 captures "stature or rank".
    *   Sense 3 captures "number or size". While major parties are large, the term "major party" is a status marker.
    *   Let's look closer at Sense 3's example: "major portion". Here "major" is used almost interchangeably with "larger part of".
    *   Let's look at Sense 1's example: "major role". "Major party" is analogous to "major role" or "major artist" (status).
    *   Conclusion: Sense 1 is the intended sense.

6.  **Construct Output:**
    *   `{"sense_index": 1}`


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: party
Target surface form: party
Context:
An examination of changes in personal staffing decisions in the Senate between 1986 and 1987 -LRB- when control of that body changed party hands -RRB-, moreover, reveals that the personal staffing differences noted in the table can not be attributed to the disproportionate control Democrats exercise, due to their majority - party status, over other resources such as committee staff. An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - <t>party</t> vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=party%1:14:01:: | definition=an organization to gain political power | synonyms=political party | examples=in 1992 Perot tried to organize a third party at the national level
2. sense_key=party%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of people gathered together for pleasure | examples=she joined the party after dinner
3. sense_key=party%1:14:02:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=company | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
4. sense_key=party%1:11:00:: | definition=an occasion on which people can assemble for social interaction and entertainment | examples=he planned a party to celebrate Bastille Day
5. sense_key=party%1:18:00:: | definition=a person involved in legal proceedings | examples=the party of the first part

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:**
    *   Target lemma: "party"
    *   Target surface form: "party"
    *   Context: A text discussing political science, voting behavior, Senate staffing, Democrats vs. Republicans, majority status, tax burdens, and ticket splitting at federal and state levels. The specific sentence containing the target is: "A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate."
    *   Task: Perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) and choose the best indexed sense from the provided list.
    *   Output format: JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`.

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The text is about political dynamics (Democrats, Republicans, Senate, gubernatorial candidates, voting).
    *   The phrase is "major - party vote".
    *   Here, "party" refers to political organizations (Democrats and Republicans).
    *   The text mentions "majority - party status", "Republican", "Democrat", "political power" implicitly.

3.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `party%1:14:01::` | Definition: "an organization to gain political power" | Synonyms: "political party" | Examples: "in 1992 Perot tried to organize a third party at the national level".
        *   *Fit:* This fits perfectly. The context discusses Republican and Democratic candidates and votes. "Major-party vote" refers to votes for the major political parties.

    *   **Sense 2:** `party%1:14:00::` | Definition: "a group of people gathered together for pleasure" | Examples: "she joined the party after dinner".
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect. This is a social gathering, not relevant to voting or Senate staffing.

    *   **Sense 3:** `party%1:14:02::` | Definition: "a band of people associated temporarily in some activity" | Synonyms: "company" | Examples: "they organized a party to search for food".
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect. While sometimes "party" can mean a group (e.g., a search party), in this political context, it refers to the organization, not a temporary ad-hoc group.

    *   **Sense 4:** `party%1:11:00::` | Definition: "an occasion on which people can assemble for social interaction and entertainment" | Examples: "he planned a party to celebrate Bastille Day".
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect. Similar to Sense 2, refers to a social event.

    *   **Sense 5:** `party%1:18:00::` | Definition: "a person involved in legal proceedings" | Examples: "the party of the first part".
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect. This is a legal term. While there might be legal proceedings mentioned in a broader corpus, here the focus is on elections and political affiliation.

4.  **Select the Best Sense:**
    *   The context is explicitly political ("Senate", "Democrats", "Republican", "gubernatorial", "vote").
    *   Sense 1 defines "party" as a "political party" / "an organization to gain political power".
    *   The phrase "major-party vote" clearly refers to the political parties (Republican and Democrat).
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

5.  **Format Output:**
    *   The user requested a JSON object: `{"sense_index": 1}`.

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: vote
Target surface form: vote
Context:
An examination of changes in personal staffing decisions in the Senate between 1986 and 1987 -LRB- when control of that body changed party hands -RRB-, moreover, reveals that the personal staffing differences noted in the table can not be attributed to the disproportionate control Democrats exercise, due to their majority - party status, over other resources such as committee staff. An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party <t>vote</t> going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=vote%1:04:00:: | definition=a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative | synonyms=ballot, voting, balloting | examples=there were only 17 votes in favor of the motion; they allowed just one vote per person
2. sense_key=vote%1:04:01:: | definition=the opinion of a group as determined by voting | examples=they put the question to a vote
3. sense_key=vote%1:07:00:: | definition=a legal right guaranteed by the 15th amendment to the US Constitution; guaranteed to women by the 19th amendment | synonyms=right to vote, suffrage | examples=American women got the vote in 1920
4. sense_key=vote%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of voters who have the same interests | examples=he failed to get the Black vote
5. sense_key=vote%1:09:00:: | definition=the total number of voters who participated | synonyms=voter turnout | examples=they are expecting a large vote

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: `vote`
    *   Target surface form: `vote`
    *   Context snippet: "...the difference between a state's major - party <t>vote</t> going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house..."
    *   Full sentence structure: "the difference between a state's major-party **vote** going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate..."

2.  **Analyze the specific usage:**
    *   The phrase is "a state's major-party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate".
    *   This refers to the numerical count or percentage of votes cast for a specific candidate.
    *   It quantifies the support. E.g., "the vote was 55%".

3.  **Evaluate the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `vote%1:04:00::` - "a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative". Synonyms: ballot, voting, balloting. Examples: "there were only 17 votes in favor".
        *   *Critique:* This sense usually refers to the specific instance of voting or a specific count (singular "a vote" often means the result or the act). However, WordNet often groups the "result of voting" (the count) under sense 1 or similar. Let's look closer. "There were only 17 votes" suggests the physical ballots or the count. In the target context, "a state's major-party vote" refers to the aggregate count/result. "The vote going to the candidate" = the number of votes cast for them. This seems like a strong fit for the *result* of the counting.

    *   **Sense 2:** `vote%1:04:01::` - "the opinion of a group as determined by voting". Examples: "they put the question to a vote".
        *   *Critique:* This usually refers to the abstract collective decision or the event of deciding. "The vote was yes." In the context, it's talking about the share/percentage ("going to the Republican..."). While related, this sense focuses on the *opinion* or the *decision-making event/process* rather than the quantifiable share of the electorate. The target context is about statistical analysis of numbers (econometric investigation). "The difference between... vote... and... share...".

    *   **Sense 3:** `vote%1:07:00::` - "a legal right... suffrage". Synonyms: right to vote.
        *   *Critique:* Clearly incorrect. It's not talking about the right to vote.

    *   **Sense 4:** `vote%1:14:00::` - "a body of voters who have the same interests". Examples: "he failed to get the Black vote".
        *   *Critique:* This refers to a specific demographic group or constituency. "The Black vote" = Black voters. "The women's vote". In the target context: "a state's major-party vote going to the Republican...". Does "major-party vote" refer to a group of people (the voters who vote for major parties)? Or does it refer to the tally?
        *   Context: "...difference between a state's major-party vote... and the Republican share...".
        *   Let's look at the math. We are comparing two values.
            1. "a state's major-party vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate".
            2. "the Republican share of the lower state house".
        *   Item 1 is clearly a percentage or a count. It's the *result* of the election.
        *   Item 4 ("body of voters") *could* arguably fit if the sentence meant "the group of voters who support the major party". However, the verb "going to" strongly implies a quantity being allocated. You don't say "The group of people going to the candidate". You say "The vote (count) going to the candidate".
        *   Let's compare Sense 1 and Sense 4. Sense 1 definition: "a choice that is made by counting...". Wait, the example "they allowed just one vote per person" refers to a single ballot. The example "there were only 17 votes" refers to the count.
        *   The target phrase "a state's major-party vote" sounds like the collective result. "The vote" (singular) often refers to the total count or the result (Sense 2ish, but often Sense 1 in WN).
        *   Let's check WordNet hierarchy.
            *   Sense 1 (act/choice) -> specific ballot or the aggregate count?
            *   Sense 2 (opinion) -> "put to a vote".
        *   Actually, let's look at Sense 1 again. "a choice that is made by counting...". Synonyms: ballot, voting, balloting. This covers the event or the mechanism.
        *   Let's reconsider Sense 1's examples: "there were only 17 votes in favor". Here "votes" is plural. The target is singular "vote".
        *   Let's look at Sense 2: "the opinion of a group". "They put the question to a vote". This is the event/decision.
        *   Is there a sense for "the total number of votes cast"? Sense 5 is "the total number of voters who participated" (voter turnout). Not that.
        *   How about Sense 4? "A body of voters". Example: "the Black vote".
        *   In the sentence: "the difference between a state's major-party **vote** going to the Republican...".
        *   If I substitute Sense 4: "the difference between a state's major-party [body of voters] going to the Republican..." -> This is semantically slightly off. The "vote" is "going to" the candidate. A group of people "go to" a candidate (support them), but the context compares "vote" with "share" (a percentage). A "share" is a number. Therefore, the first item "vote" must also be a number/percentage.
        *   Sense 4 ("body of voters") implies people, not a percentage number.
        *   Sense 1 ("choice made by counting") -> implies the result of the count.
        *   Let's look at WordNet structure for "vote" (noun).
            *   1:04:00 (act) - the act of voting, a ballot, the result (votes plural).
            *   1:04:01 (cognition) - the opinion/decision of the group.
        *   The phrase "the vote was close" or "the vote was 50%" usually maps to the result sense.
        *   In WN 3.0/3.1:
            *   Sense 1: "a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative".
                *   This gloss is slightly ambiguous. It defines the "choice" aspect but the examples include "17 votes" (the count).
            *   Let's look at the singular usage "The vote".
                *   "The vote was 5 to 4". This is the count/result.
                *   "He won the vote". This is the election/collective support.
        *   Does "vote" in "major-party vote going to..." mean the *tally* or the *electorate*?
        *   "Vote" as "electorate" (Sense 4) fits patterns like "The Jewish vote", "The youth vote".
        *   "Vote" as "result/tally" fits patterns like "The vote favored him", "The final vote".
        *   The text says: "vote going to the Republican...". You can say "The youth vote went to the Democrat" (Sense 4). But the text is "major-party vote".
        *   "Major-party vote" refers to the votes cast for the major parties (as opposed to third parties).
        *   The phrase "major-party vote going to the Republican" means the *proportion* of the major-party votes that the Republican got.
        *   This is a number/statistic.
        *   Sense 4 (body of voters) is a collective noun for people. While people "go to" a candidate, the comparison is with "Republican share".
        *   Let's differentiate Sense 1 and Sense 4 again.
        *   Sense 4: "he failed to get the Black vote". Here "vote" means the support of a specific group.
        *   Target: "a state's major-party vote going to...".
        *   If we interpret "major-party vote" as the *total number of votes cast for major parties*, then the "vote going to the Republican" is the subset of that count.
        *   In statistical political science texts (like this appears to be), "vote" often stands for "vote share" or "vote total".
        *   Sense 1 is the broadest sense covering the expression of will through counting.
        *   Sense 2 is the abstract opinion/decision.
        *   Sense 4 is the group of people.
        *   Context clue: "difference between... vote... and... share". "Share" is a numerical quantity. "Vote" here is likely functioning as a numerical quantity (vote share).
        *   Does Sense 1 cover numerical quantities? Example: "there were only 17 votes". Yes.
        *   Does Sense 4 cover numerical quantities? Gloss: "A body of voters". This refers to people, not the number 5,000. However, in usage, "get the Black vote" implies getting the count of those people. But the definition focuses on the *body of voters*.
        *   In "major-party vote", are we talking about the *people* who voted for major parties? Or the *count*?
        *   "The difference between... vote... and... share".
        *   If it means "The share of the major-party vote", then "vote" refers to the total pool of ballots.
        *   Ballots/Count -> Sense 1.
        *   Group of people -> Sense 4.
        *   Usually, "the Black vote" is Sense 4. "The vote on the bill" is Sense 2. "One vote per person" is Sense 1.
        *   "The vote was close" -> Sense 1 (result).
        *   Target: "a state's major-party vote".
        *   This is tricky. Is it "the group of people voting major party"? No, usually "major-party vote" refers to the aggregate of ballots excluding independents.
        *   Let's look at the phrasing "vote... going to...".
        *   If I say "The vote went to Smith", I mean the majority of ballots/count went to Smith. This aligns with Sense 1 (the result/count).
        *   Sense 4 is specific to demographic groups ("Black vote", "labor vote"). "Major-party" is a political classification, not a demographic one. While "major-party voters" are a group, the term "major-party vote" is a technical term for the vote totals of the two major parties.
        *   Therefore, it refers to the count/ballots.
        *   Sense 1 covers "ballot" and "voting" (the process/result).
        *   Let's check if there is a specific sense for "vote share". No.
        *   Sense 1 examples: "there were only 17 votes". This shows it handles the count.
        *   The singular "vote" can mean the total count. "The vote was 100 to 5".
        *   The phrase "major-party vote" is singular.
        *   Therefore, it is the aggregate count.
        *   Sense 1 fits "count of votes".
        *   Sense 4 fits "constituency". A "constituency" is a body of voters. Is "major-party vote" a constituency? Not in the standard sense used for Sense 4 (like ethnic or geographic groups).
        *   Conclusion: It refers to the numerical tally/result.
        *   Which sense covers the numerical tally?
            *   Sense 1: "a choice... by counting". Examples show counts ("17 votes").
            *   Sense 2: "opinion... determined by voting". "Put to a vote".
            *   Sense 5: "total number of voters who participated". (Turnout).
        *   The target word is "vote" (singular).
        *   "A state's major-party vote" = The tally of votes for major parties.
        *   Sense 1 is the best fit for the specific recorded ballots/count.

    *   Let's double check Sense 4. "Body of voters who have the same interests".
        *   "Major-party vote" -> Do these voters have the same interests? Not necessarily. One votes R, one D. They just vote for major parties.
        *   So Sense 4 is unlikely.

    *   Let's double check Sense 2. "Opinion of a group".
        *   "The major-party opinion". Doesn't fit.

    *   Let's double check Sense 5. "Total number of voters".
        *   "The major-party turnout". Plausible interpretation, but "vote going to candidate" implies the split of that vote. Sense 5 is just the turnout number. The context implies a split/allocation ("going to"). Sense 1 encompasses the ballots which can be allocated.

    *   Let's go back to Sense 1.
        *   Definition: "a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative".
        *   This definition is slightly counter-intuitive for "vote" = "count". It defines the *event/choice*.
        *   However, the synonym "ballot" and example "17 votes" establish it covers the physical or counted units.
        *   In WN, Sense 1 is the "catch-all" for the voting unit or the collective result.
        *   Context: "vote going to the Republican".
        *   This means the count of votes.
        *   This maps to Sense 1.

    *   Let's verify against sense distinctions.
        *   Sense 1: The specific ballot or the resulting number. (Countable). "My vote", "The vote was 5-4".
        *   Sense 2: The abstract opinion or the act of deciding. (Mass/Abstract). "Put to a vote".
        *   Sense 3: Suffrage.
        *   Sense 4: Constituency. "The labor vote".
        *   Sense 5: Turnout.

    *   Target: "major-party vote".
    *   Does this refer to a constituency? No.
    *   Does it refer to turnout? No, it refers to the subset of ballots.
    *   Does it refer to the abstract opinion? No.
    *   Does it refer to the count/ballots? Yes.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1.

    *   Let's confirm with the example "there were only 17 votes". This is a count.
    *   "The major-party vote" (singular) is a collective noun for the sum of votes.
    *   "The vote going to..." is equivalent to "The count going to...".
    *   This fits Sense 1.

    *   Wait, is there an interpretation where Sense 4 applies?
        *   "The rural vote". "The Catholic vote". These are groups.
        *   "The major-party vote". Could mean "people who vote for major parties".
        *   But the sentence discusses "vote... going to...".
        *   "The rural vote went to the Republican". (Sense 4).
        *   "The major-party vote went to the Republican". (Ambiguous).
        *   BUT, "difference between... vote... and... share".
        *   "Republican share of the lower state house".
        *   "Vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate".
        *   The logic of the sentence is comparing two statistics: Vote % vs Seat %.
        *   Vote % is derived from the count.
        *   Sense 1 is the count/ballot sense.
        *   Sense 4 is the group sense.
        *   A statistic (share/difference) is calculated from the count (Sense 1). While the count comes from the group, the noun phrase "the vote" in "vote going to X" acts as the quantified support.
        *   In "He failed to get the Black vote", the focus is on the support of the group.
        *   In "The difference between a state's major-party vote...", the focus is on the numerical metric.
        *   Usually, quantified results fall under Sense 1 (the result of the choice/count).
        *   Compare: "The vote was 50%". Sense 1.
        *   Compare: "The Black vote". Sense 4.
        *   "Major-party vote" is a technical statistical term here (votes for D + votes for R).
        *   It describes the *type* of votes counted, not a demographic group.
        *   Therefore, Sense 1.

    *   Refining the choice:
        *   Sense 1 covers "a choice... by counting". The result of that counting is the "vote" (the numbers).
        *   Example "17 votes" confirms numeric sense.
        *   The target context is numeric/econometric.
        *   Sense 1 is the correct choice.

    *   Final check.
        *   Context: "difference between a state's major-party vote..."
        *   Meaning: The number/percentage of votes.
        *   Sense 1 Definition: "a choice that is made by counting..." (implies the count).
        *   Sense 1 Example: "17 votes".
        *   Sense 2: "opinion of a group". (Not numeric enough).
        *   Sense 4: "body of voters". (Not numeric, demographic).
        *   Sense 5: "total number of voters". (Turnout, not the split).

    *   Result: Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: go
Target surface form: going
Context:
An examination of changes in personal staffing decisions in the Senate between 1986 and 1987 -LRB- when control of that body changed party hands -RRB-, moreover, reveals that the personal staffing differences noted in the table can not be attributed to the disproportionate control Democrats exercise, due to their majority - party status, over other resources such as committee staff. An additional piece of evidence from the Senate: Holding other factors constant, such as incumbency advantages and regional factors, the difference between popular votes for Republican presidential and senatorial candidates in states conducting a Senate election turns out to be a positive function of how onerous the federal government's tax burden is per state -LRB- a progressive tax rate hits higher - income states harder -RRB-. Put more simply, GOP candidates for president are looked on more kindly by voters than Republican candidates for the Senate when the prisoner's sentence is more severe. Moreover, ticket splitting appears to take the same peculiar pattern at the state government level as it does at the federal level. State government is more typically split along Republican-governor / Democratic-legislature lines than the reverse. A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote <t>going</t> to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate. In sum, at both the federal and state government levels at least part of the seemingly irrational behavior voters display in the voting booth may have an exceedingly rational explanation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=go%2:38:00:: | definition=change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically | synonyms=travel, move, locomote | examples=How fast does your new car go?; We travelled from Rome to Naples by bus
2. sense_key=go%2:41:00:: | definition=follow a procedure or take a course | synonyms=proceed, move | examples=We should go farther in this matter; She went through a lot of trouble
3. sense_key=go%2:38:01:: | definition=move away from a place into another direction | synonyms=go away, depart | examples=Go away before I start to cry; The train departs at noon
4. sense_key=go%2:30:04:: | definition=enter or assume a certain state or condition | synonyms=become, get | examples=He became annoyed when he heard the bad news; It must be getting more serious
5. sense_key=go%2:42:06:: | definition=be awarded; be allotted | examples=The first prize goes to Mary; Her money went on clothes
6. sense_key=go%2:42:02:: | definition=have a particular form | synonyms=run | examples=the story or argument runs as follows; as the saying goes...
7. sense_key=go%2:42:00:: | definition=stretch out over a distance, space, time, or scope; run or extend between two points or beyond a certain point | synonyms=run, pass, lead, extend | examples=Service runs all the way to Cranbury; His knowledge doesn't go very far
8. sense_key=go%2:30:01:: | definition=follow a certain course | synonyms=proceed | examples=The inauguration went well; how did your interview go?
9. sense_key=go%2:30:08:: | definition=be abolished or discarded | examples=These ugly billboards have to go!; These luxuries all had to go under the Khmer Rouge
10. sense_key=go%2:42:07:: | definition=be or continue to be in a certain condition | examples=The children went hungry that day
11. sense_key=go%2:39:00:: | definition=make a certain noise or sound | synonyms=sound | examples=She went `Mmmmm'; The gun went `bang'
12. sense_key=go%2:35:00:: | definition=perform as expected when applied | synonyms=function, work, operate, run | examples=The washing machine won't go unless it's plugged in; Does this old car still run well?
13. sense_key=go%2:34:00:: | definition=to be spent or finished | synonyms=run low, run short | examples=The money had gone after a few days; Gas is running low at the gas stations in the Midwest
14. sense_key=go%2:30:02:: | definition=progress by being changed | synonyms=move, run | examples=The speech has to go through several more drafts; run through your presentation before the meeting
15. sense_key=go%2:42:14:: | definition=continue to live through hardship or adversity | synonyms=survive, last, live, live on, endure, hold up | examples=We went without water and food for 3 days; These superstitions survive in the backwaters of America
16. sense_key=go%2:42:03:: | definition=pass, fare, or elapse; of a certain state of affairs or action | examples=How is it going?; The day went well until I got your call
17. sense_key=go%2:30:00:: | definition=pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life | synonyms=die, decease, perish, exit, pass away, expire | examples=She died from cancer; The children perished in the fire
18. sense_key=go%2:42:04:: | definition=be in the right place or situation | synonyms=belong | examples=Where do these books belong?; Let's put health care where it belongs--under the control of the government
19. sense_key=go%2:42:10:: | definition=be ranked or compare | examples=This violinist is as good as Juilliard-trained violinists go
20. sense_key=go%2:38:09:: | definition=begin or set in motion | synonyms=start, get going | examples=I start at eight in the morning; Ready, set, go!
21. sense_key=go%2:33:00:: | definition=have a turn; make one's move in a game | synonyms=move | examples=Can I go now?
22. sense_key=go%2:42:13:: | definition=be contained in | examples=How many times does 18 go into 54?
23. sense_key=go%2:42:12:: | definition=be sounded, played, or expressed | examples=How does this song go again?
24. sense_key=go%2:42:11:: | definition=blend or harmonize | synonyms=blend, blend in | examples=This flavor will blend with those in your dish; This sofa won't go with the chairs
25. sense_key=go%2:42:08:: | definition=lead, extend, or afford access | synonyms=lead | examples=This door goes to the basement; The road runs South
26. sense_key=go%2:42:05:: | definition=be the right size or shape; fit correctly or as desired | synonyms=fit | examples=This piece won't fit into the puzzle
27. sense_key=go%2:35:13:: | definition=go through in search of something; search through someone's belongings in an unauthorized way | synonyms=rifle | examples=Who rifled through my desk drawers?
28. sense_key=go%2:34:09:: | definition=be spent | examples=All my money went for food and rent
29. sense_key=go%2:31:12:: | definition=give support (to) or make a choice (of) one out of a group or number | synonyms=plump | examples=I plumped for the losing candidates
30. sense_key=go%2:30:03:: | definition=stop operating or functioning | synonyms=fail, go bad, give way, die, give out, conk out | examples=The engine finally went; The car died on the road

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: `go`
    *   Target surface form: `going`
    *   Context snippet: "...the difference between a state's major - party vote <t>going</t> to the Republican gubernatorial candidate..."
    *   Full sentence: "A cross-state econometric investigation, furthermore, reveals that, holding other factors constant, the difference between a state's major - party vote <t>going</t> to the Republican gubernatorial candidate and the Republican share of the lower state house is a positive function of the state tax rate."

2.  **Analyze the specific usage of the target word:**
    *   The phrase is "vote going to the Republican gubernatorial candidate".
    *   The structure is [Noun: vote] [Verb: going] [Preposition: to] [Recipient: candidate].
    *   Meaning: The vote is being awarded, allotted, or directed to the candidate. It describes the allocation of resources (votes) to a recipient.

3.  **Evaluate the candidate senses:**

    *   *Sense 1 (change location):* "move, travel". While votes "move" metaphorically, this is too generic.
    *   *Sense 2 (follow a procedure):* "We should go farther in this matter". Not relevant.
    *   *Sense 3 (move away):* "Go away". Not relevant.
    *   *Sense 4 (enter state):* "He became annoyed". Not relevant.
    *   *Sense 5 (be awarded; be allotted):*
        *   Definition: "be awarded; be allotted"
        *   Examples: "The first prize goes to Mary"; "Her money went on clothes".
        *   Comparison: "vote going to the Republican... candidate" matches "The first prize goes to Mary". The vote is the thing being allotted/awarded. The candidate is the recipient. This fits perfectly.
    *   *Sense 6 (have a particular form):* "the story runs as follows". Not relevant.
    *   *Sense 7 (stretch out):* "Service runs all the way to...". Not relevant.
    *   *Sense 8 (follow a certain course):* "The inauguration went well". Not relevant.
    *   *Sense 9 (be abolished):* Not relevant.
    *   *Sense 10 (continue to be in condition):* Not relevant.
    *   *Sense 11 (make noise):* Not relevant.
    *   *Sense 12 (perform as expected):* Not relevant.
    *   *Sense 13 (be spent or finished):* "The money had gone...". Similar to 5 but focuses on depletion/finishing. Here, the vote is being *assigned* to someone, not disappearing.
    *   *Sense 14 (progress by being changed):* Not relevant.
    *   *Sense 15 (continue to live):* Not relevant.
    *   *Sense 16 (pass, fare):* "How is it going?". Not relevant.
    *   *Sense 17 (die):* Not relevant.
    *   *Sense 18 (be in right place):* "Where do these books belong?". Not quite right.
    *   *Sense 19 (be ranked):* Not relevant.
    *   *Sense 20 (begin):* Not relevant.
    *   *Sense 21 (turn in game):* Not relevant.
    *   *Sense 22 (be contained in):* "How many times does 18 go into 54?". Not relevant.
    *   *Sense 23 (be sounded):* Not relevant.
    *   *Sense 24 (blend):* Not relevant.
    *   *Sense 25 (lead, extend):* "This door goes to the basement". Sometimes confused with Sense 5.
        *   Sense 5 vs Sense 25:
        *   "The prize goes to the winner" (Sense 5 - awarding/allocation).
        *   "The road goes to London" (Sense 25 - physical direction/extension).
        *   "The vote goes to the candidate". A vote is an abstract entity being awarded. It's not a path extending to a destination. It is an allocation of a resource. Therefore, Sense 5 is better than Sense 25.
    *   *Sense 26 (fit):* Not relevant.
    *   *Sense 27 (search):* Not relevant.
    *   *Sense 28 (be spent):* "All my money went for food". Similar to 5/13, but usually implies exchange for goods. "Vote going to candidate" is an awarding of the vote.
    *   *Sense 29 (give support/plump):* "I plumped for the losing candidates". This is about the act of the agent choosing. Here the sentence says "vote going to". The vote is the subject. The vote is the thing being allocated.
    *   *Sense 30 (stop operating):* Not relevant.

4.  **Confirm the best match:**
    *   Sense 5: `go%2:42:00::` (in this list it is index 5).
    *   Definition: "be awarded; be allotted".
    *   Example: "The first prize goes to Mary".
    *   Context: "vote going to the Republican... candidate".
    *   Match: Excellent. The vote is the allotment/award; the candidate is the recipient.

5.  **Final Selection:**
    *   Sense index: 5.

provider: Novita