[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: type
Target surface form: types
Context:
If you want more information on the basis of the CHMP recommendations, read the Scientific Discussion (also part of the EPAR). What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two <t>types</t> of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=type%1:09:00:: | definition=a subdivision of a particular kind of thing | examples=what type of sculpture do you prefer?
2. sense_key=type%1:18:00:: | definition=a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities) | synonyms=character, eccentric, case | examples=a real character; a strange character
3. sense_key=type%1:14:01:: | definition=(biology) the taxonomic group whose characteristics are used to define the next higher taxon
4. sense_key=type%1:10:01:: | definition=printed characters | examples=small type is hard to read
5. sense_key=type%1:10:00:: | definition=all of the tokens of the same symbol | examples=the word `element' contains five different types of character
6. sense_key=type%1:06:00:: | definition=a small metal block bearing a raised character on one end; produces a printed character when inked and pressed on paper | examples=he dropped a case of type, so they made him pick them up

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: "type"
    *   Target surface form: "types"
    *   Context: "...Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma..."
    *   Meaning in context: The word "types" here refers to categories or classifications of a specific disease (cancer). It indicates that there are different varieties or forms of the general thing called "cancer".

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `type%1:09:00::` | definition="a subdivision of a particular kind of thing" | examples="what type of sculpture do you prefer?"
        *   Analysis: This definition fits perfectly. Cancer is a "kind of thing" (disease), and "pleural mesothelioma" and "non-small cell lung cancer" are subdivisions of it. The example "what type of sculpture" aligns with "types of cancer".

    *   **Sense 2:** `type%1:18:00::` | definition="a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities)" | synonyms="character, eccentric, case"
        *   Analysis: The context is about diseases, not people or eccentricities. This is incorrect.

    *   **Sense 3:** `type%1:14:01::` | definition="(biology) the taxonomic group whose characteristics are used to define the next higher taxon"
        *   Analysis: This is a specific technical biological term (taxonomic type). While the context is medical/scientific, "type of cancer" refers to a general category, not a taxonomic type specimen or group. This is incorrect.

    *   **Sense 4:** `type%1:10:01::` | definition="printed characters" | examples="small type is hard to read"
        *   Analysis: This refers to typography/printing. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 5:** `type%1:10:00::` | definition="all of the tokens of the same symbol" | examples="the word `element' contains five different types of character"
        *   Analysis: This is a specific linguistic or logical definition regarding tokens vs types. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 6:** `type%1:06:00::` | definition="a small metal block bearing a raised character on one end..."
        *   Analysis: This refers to printing hardware. Incorrect.

3.  **Select the best match:**
    *   Sense 1 is the standard definition for "type" when used to mean a category, sort, or variety of something. The context "two types of cancer" clearly means "two categories/kinds of cancer".

4.  **Format the output:**
    *   The request asks for a JSON object with the sense index.
    *   The chosen sense corresponds to index 1.

    JSON: `{"sense_index": 1}`


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cancer
Target surface form: cancer
Context:
If you want more information on the basis of the CHMP recommendations, read the Scientific Discussion (also part of the EPAR). What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of <t>cancer</t>: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: | definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream | synonyms=malignant neoplastic disease
2. sense_key=cancer%1:18:00:: | definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer | synonyms=Crab
3. sense_key=cancer%1:17:00:: | definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
4. sense_key=cancer%1:15:00:: | definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22 | synonyms=Cancer the Crab, Crab
5. sense_key=cancer%1:05:00:: | definition=type genus of the family Cancridae | synonyms=genus Cancer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The target word is "cancer" in the context of a medical description about Alimta, a medication used to treat types of cancer.

Let me analyze the context:
- "Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer"
- "pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs...)"
- This is clearly about a medical disease, specifically malignant tumors

Now let me look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: | definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream | synonyms=malignant neoplastic disease

This is clearly the medical definition of cancer as a disease - malignant neoplastic disease.

2. sense_key=cancer%1:18:00:: | definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer | synonyms=Crab

This is about astrology - a person born under the sign of Cancer.

3. sense_key=cancer%1:17:00:: | definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini

This is about the constellation Cancer.

4. sense_key=cancer%1:15:00:: | definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22 | synonyms=Cancer the Crab, Crab

This is about the zodiac sign Cancer.

5. sense_key=cancer%1:05:00:: | definition=type genus of the family Cancridae | synonyms=genus Cancer

This is about a biological genus (crabs).

The context is clearly about cancer as a disease - malignant tumors. The text mentions "pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs)" and discusses treatment with anticancer medicine, chemotherapy, etc.

So the correct sense is sense 1: the medical definition of cancer as malignant neoplastic disease.

{"sense_index": 1}

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: StreamLake

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cancer
Target surface form: cancer
Context:
If you want more information on the basis of the CHMP recommendations, read the Scientific Discussion (also part of the EPAR). What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (<t>cancer</t> of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: | definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream | synonyms=malignant neoplastic disease
2. sense_key=cancer%1:18:00:: | definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer | synonyms=Crab
3. sense_key=cancer%1:17:00:: | definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
4. sense_key=cancer%1:15:00:: | definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22 | synonyms=Cancer the Crab, Crab
5. sense_key=cancer%1:05:00:: | definition=type genus of the family Cancridae | synonyms=genus Cancer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:**
    *   Target lemma: "cancer"
    *   Target surface form: "cancer"
    *   Context: A medical text describing the drug "Alimta" used to treat "two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (<t>cancer</t> of the lining of the lungs...)".
    *   Goal: Fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD).
    *   Constraint: Choose the single best indexed sense from the provided list. Output must be a specific JSON format.

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The text is medical/technical (Scientific Discussion, EPAR, Alimta, pemetrexed, pleural mesothelioma, infusion).
    *   The target word "cancer" appears in the phrase "pleural mesothelioma (<t>cancer</t> of the lining of the lungs...)".
    *   The context discusses disease, tumors, malignancy, spreading to other parts of the body, and treatment with chemotherapy.
    *   It refers to a pathological condition, not astrology, constellations, or crustaceans.

3.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `cancer%1:26:00::` | Definition: "any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division..." | Synonyms: "malignant neoplastic disease".
        *   *Fit:* This definition perfectly matches the medical context. Mesothelioma is a type of malignant neoplasm. The context mentions "malignant", "spread... to other parts of the body", and "tumor" (implied).
    *   **Sense 2:** `cancer%1:18:00::` | Definition: "(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer" | Synonyms: "Crab".
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect. The text is about a disease, not a person's zodiac sign.
    *   **Sense 3:** `cancer%1:17:00::` | Definition: "a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere..."
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect. The text is about a disease, not astronomy.
    *   **Sense 4:** `cancer%1:15:00::` | Definition: "the fourth sign of the zodiac..."
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect. The text is about a disease, not astrology.
    *   **Sense 5:** `cancer%1:05:00::` | Definition: "type genus of the family Cancridae" (crabs).
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect. The text is about a disease, not a biological genus of crabs.

4.  **Select the Best Sense:**
    *   Sense 1 is the only medical definition provided.
    *   The phrase "cancer of the lining of the lungs" refers to a disease/malignancy.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

5.  **Format the Output:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object: `{"sense_index": index}`.
    *   The index for Sense 1 is 1.

6.  **Final Check:**
    *   Context: Medical text about treating cancer.
    *   Target: "cancer".
    *   Sense 1: Medical definition.
    *   Match: Perfect.
    *   Output format: JSON.

    Result: `{"sense_index": 1}`.

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: lining
Target surface form: lining
Context:
If you want more information on the basis of the CHMP recommendations, read the Scientific Discussion (also part of the EPAR). What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the <t>lining</t> of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=lining%1:06:00:: | definition=a protective covering that protects an inside surface | synonyms=liner
2. sense_key=lining%1:06:01:: | definition=a piece of cloth that is used as the inside surface of a garment | synonyms=liner
3. sense_key=lining%1:04:01:: | definition=providing something with a surface of a different material | synonyms=facing
4. sense_key=lining%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of attaching an inside lining (to a garment or curtain etc.)

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: `lining`
    *   Target surface form: `lining`
    *   Context snippet: "...pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the *lining* of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos)..."
    *   The context refers to a biological structure. Specifically, the pleura, which is the membrane lining the lungs.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   Sense 1: `lining%1:06:00::` | definition: "a protective covering that protects an inside surface" | synonyms: `liner`
        *   This is a general definition. It fits the idea of a membrane covering an organ (the inside surface of the chest cavity/lungs). The pleura is indeed a protective covering.
    *   Sense 2: `lining%1:06:01::` | definition: "a piece of cloth that is used as the inside surface of a garment" | synonyms: `liner`
        *   This is specific to garments (clothing). Not applicable to anatomy.
    *   Sense 3: `lining%1:04:01::` | definition: "providing something with a surface of a different material" | synonyms: `facing`
        *   This refers to the *act* or the *result* of putting a facing on something, often used in construction or clothing contexts. It can be related to sense 1 but usually implies a distinct material added. However, in anatomy, the "lining" is an integral part, not just a facing.
    *   Sense 4: `lining%1:04:00::` | definition: "the act of attaching an inside lining (to a garment or curtain etc.)"
        *   This refers to the *act* (process). The context uses "lining" as a noun referring to the anatomical structure itself, not the action of lining something.

3.  **Evaluate Sense 1 vs others:**
    *   The context is medical/anatomical.
    *   The phrase is "lining of the lungs".
    *   Sense 1 describes "a protective covering that protects an inside surface".
    *   In medical terminology, the pleura (lining of the lungs) acts as a protective covering for the internal chest cavity and lungs.
    *   WordNet sense 1 is the most general noun sense for a covering. While WordNet often lacks specific biological senses for general words unless listed under specific domains, this general definition applies best to the metaphorical/structural description used in lay medical text (which this EPAR summary is).
    *   Sense 2 is strictly clothing.
    *   Senses 3 and 4 are often distinct concepts (facing/act).

4.  **Refining the choice:**
    *   Does "lining" in "lining of the lungs" fit "a protective covering that protects an inside surface"? Yes. The lungs are inside the body, and the pleura lines the inside surface of the chest cavity and covers the lungs.
    *   The context is describing the *location* of the cancer. The "lining" is the tissue.
    *   Sense 1 is the standard noun definition for a layer of material covering an inside surface.

5.  **Double check:**
    *   Is there a sense for "membrane"? WordNet might map "lining" to "liner" (noun) under "protective covering".
    *   Let's look at the hierarchy. `lining` (noun) -> `protective covering` -> `covering`.
    *   Does the pleura fit "protective covering"? Yes.
    *   Sense 2 (cloth/garment) is incorrect.
    *   Sense 3 (`facing`) implies a different material added on. While tissue lines the organ, Sense 1 is the primary definition for the noun `lining` as a layer on an inside surface.

    Let's check if there are other senses missing or if I should map to the most abstract.
    WordNet 3.1 (or similar versions used in WSD tasks) usually lists:
    1. lining, liner -- (a protective covering that protects an inside surface)
    2. lining, liner -- (a piece of cloth that is used as the inside surface of a garment)

    The text "lining of the lungs" uses the word in the sense of Sense 1 (a covering on an inside surface). Even though it is biological, the schematic definition matches perfectly: the pleura covers the inside surface of the thoracic cavity.

    Sense index 1 is the correct choice.

    Wait, let me verify sense indices.
    Sense 1: `lining%1:06:00::` -> Definition: a protective covering that protects an inside surface.
    Sense 2: `lining%1:06:01::` -> Definition: a piece of cloth that is used as the inside surface of a garment.
    Sense 3: `lining%1:04:01::` -> Definition: providing something with a surface of a different material (synonym: facing). Note: WordNet sometimes puts "facing" and "lining" together or distinct. Here it's defined as "providing...". This is often a noun derived from the verb but treated as a covering.
    Sense 4: `lining%1:04:00::` -> Definition: the act of attaching... (process).

    The context refers to the object (the lining itself). So it's between 1 and 3.
    Sense 1 is "protective covering".
    Sense 3 is "providing something with a surface of a different material" (facing).
    The pleura is a membrane, a natural covering. It fits Sense 1 much better than Sense 3 (which implies an added layer, often industrial or structural modification). Sense 1 is the standard dictionary definition for "lining" as a noun denoting a layer.

    Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cause
Target surface form: caused
Context:
If you want more information on the basis of the CHMP recommendations, read the Scientific Discussion (also part of the EPAR). What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually <t>caused</t> by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cause%2:36:00:: | definition=give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally | synonyms=do, make | examples=cause a commotion; make a stir
2. sense_key=cause%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, have, get, make | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target lemma**: "cause" (verb).
2.  **Analyze the target surface form**: "caused" (past participle, passive voice construction).
3.  **Analyze the context**: "...pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually <t>caused</t> by exposure to asbestos)."
    *   The sentence describes a relationship between "cancer" (the effect) and "exposure to asbestos" (the cause).
    *   It is a classic cause-effect relationship.
    *   The passive voice "caused by" indicates that exposure to asbestos produces/results in cancer.
4.  **Analyze Candidate Sense 1**:
    *   `sense_key=cause%2:36:00::`
    *   Definition: "give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally"
    *   Synonyms: "do, make"
    *   Examples: "cause a commotion; make a stir"
    *   Fit: This sense refers to bringing about an event or state (a result). "Exposure to asbestos gives rise to cancer." This fits perfectly. The "not always intentionally" part allows for natural causes (asbestos exposure), distinct from human intent.
5.  **Analyze Candidate Sense 2**:
    *   `sense_key=cause%2:32:00::`
    *   Definition: "cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner"
    *   Synonyms: "induce, stimulate, have, get, make"
    *   Examples: "The ads induced me to buy a VCR..."
    *   Fit: This sense is usually used with an animate object (someone) causing another animate entity to perform an action. The object of the verb in this sense is usually an agent (person/animal) performing an action. "Cancer" is not an agent performing an action; it is a state/condition resulting from a cause. Therefore, sense 2 does not fit.
6.  **Comparison**:
    *   Sense 1: X causes Y (Y is an event/state/result). Example: "Asbestos causes cancer."
    *   Sense 2: X causes Y to Z (Y is an agent, Z is an action). Example: "He caused me to leave."
    *   The context is "caused by exposure to asbestos" -> "cancer ... is caused". Cancer is a condition/result. This aligns with Sense 1.
7.  **Select the index**: Sense 1 corresponds to index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: use
Target surface form: used
Context:
What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is <t>used</t> together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells. Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=use%2:34:01:: | definition=put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose | synonyms=utilize, utilise, apply, employ | examples=use your head!; we only use Spanish at home
2. sense_key=use%2:34:02:: | definition=take or consume (regularly or habitually) | synonyms=habituate | examples=She uses drugs rarely
3. sense_key=use%2:34:00:: | definition=use up, consume fully | synonyms=expend | examples=The legislature expended its time on school questions
4. sense_key=use%2:41:14:: | definition=seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage | examples=She uses her influential friends to get jobs; The president's wife used her good connections
5. sense_key=use%2:41:04:: | definition=avail oneself to | synonyms=practice, apply | examples=apply a principle; practice a religion
6. sense_key=use%2:41:03:: | definition=habitually do something (use only in the past tense) | examples=She used to call her mother every week but now she calls only occasionally; I used to get sick when I ate in that dining hall

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: *use*
    *   Target surface form: *used*
    *   Context sentence: "Alimta is <t>used</t> together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable..."
    *   Broader context: The text is a medical description of the drug Alimta. It explains what the drug is used for (indications). "Alimta is used to treat...", "Alimta is used together with...", "Alimta is used in combination with...".
    *   Meaning: The drug is employed or put into service for the purpose of treating cancer. It is utilized as a medical intervention.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `use%2:34:01::` | definition: "put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose" | synonyms: utilize, apply, employ | examples: "use your head!", "we only use Spanish at home".
        *   *Analysis:* This fits perfectly. The drug is being put into service (administered) to treat cancer. It is employed for a particular purpose (treating mesothelioma/lung cancer).

    *   **Sense 2:** `use%2:34:02::` | definition: "take or consume (regularly or habitually)" | synonyms: habituate | examples: "She uses drugs rarely".
        *   *Analysis:* This usually implies recreational drug use or habitual consumption (like taking vitamins daily). While a patient "takes" medicine, the sentence subject is "Alimta" (the drug itself). "Alimta is used" means the drug is employed as a treatment, not that the drug itself is consuming something. It's not about the patient's habit, but the medical application.

    *   **Sense 3:** `use%2:34:00::` | definition: "use up, consume fully" | synonyms: expend | examples: "The legislature expended its time on school questions".
        *   *Analysis:* This means to deplete resources. Alimta is not being depleted in the act of being "used" in this sentence structure (though the vial might be emptied, the sense refers to the *purpose* of the drug, not the depletion of the substance).

    *   **Sense 4:** `use%2:41:14::` | definition: "seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage" | examples: "She uses her influential friends...".
        *   *Analysis:* This implies exploitation or instrumental use by an agent to gain an advantage. The subject here is an inanimate object (Alimta). It doesn't fit.

    *   **Sense 5:** `use%2:41:04::` | definition: "avail oneself to" | synonyms: practice, apply | examples: "apply a principle".
        *   *Analysis:* This is usually for abstract concepts like principles, religions, or methods. While "apply" is a synonym, Sense 1 covers "put into service" more broadly and specifically mentions "employ for a particular purpose," which fits medical treatment better than "avail oneself to."

    *   **Sense 6:** `use%2:41:03::` | definition: "habitually do something (use only in the past tense)" | examples: "She used to call her mother...".
        *   *Analysis:* This is the "used to" construction indicating a past habit. The target context "Alimta is used to treat" is not a past habit construction. It is passive voice ("is used"). Note: The target form is "used" in "Alimta is used together with...". It is not "used to [verb]" in the past habit sense (e.g., "Alimta used to be effective").

3.  **Synthesize and Select:**
    *   The context is medical instructions/indications.
    *   The sentence "Alimta is used to treat..." or "Alimta is used together with..." describes the function or application of the drug.
    *   Sense 1 ("put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose") captures the meaning of employing a tool or substance (Alimta) to achieve a goal (treating cancer).
    *   Sense 2 is close ("She uses drugs"), but that usually frames the *person* as the subject ("Patient X uses Alimta"). Here, the subject is "Alimta", making it a passive construction of "Doctors use Alimta". Passive "is used" maps to Sense 1's active "employ for a particular purpose".

4.  **Final Decision:** Sense 1 is the correct choice. It denotes the functional employment of an object/substance.

5.  **Format Output:**
    *   JSON object: `{"sense_index": 1}`.

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: medicine
Target surface form: medicine
Context:
What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer <t>medicine</t>) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells. Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=medicine%1:09:00:: | definition=the branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques | synonyms=medical specialty
2. sense_key=medicine%1:06:00:: | definition=(medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease | synonyms=medication, medicament, medicinal drug
3. sense_key=medicine%1:04:00:: | definition=the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries | synonyms=practice of medicine | examples=he studied medicine at Harvard
4. sense_key=medicine%1:04:02:: | definition=punishment for one's actions | synonyms=music | examples=you have to face the music; take your medicine

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Word:** The target word is "medicine" (lemma: medicine).
2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   Sentence: "Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer **medicine**)..."
    *   Broader context: The text describes Alimta, a powder made into a solution for infusion, containing an active substance (pemetrexed), used to treat cancer. It mentions cisplatin as "another anticancer medicine" and later refers to "chemotherapy (medicines for cancer)".
    *   Meaning in context: "Medicine" here refers to a substance, a drug, a compound used for medical treatment (specifically cancer treatment). It is a concrete entity (a substance), not a field of study, a profession, or a punishment.
3.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `medicine%1:09:00::` | Definition: "the branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques" | Synonyms: medical specialty.
        *   *Evaluation:* This refers to the field of study (e.g., "she practices medicine"). The context refers to a substance. Incorrect.
    *   **Sense 2:** `medicine%1:06:00::` | Definition: "(medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease" | Synonyms: medication, medicament, medicinal drug.
        *   *Evaluation:* This refers to a substance used to treat disease. The context talks about "anticancer medicine" (Alimta and cisplatin). This fits perfectly.
    *   **Sense 3:** `medicine%1:04:00::` | Definition: "the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school..." | Synonyms: practice of medicine | Example: "he studied medicine at Harvard".
        *   *Evaluation:* This refers to the profession or the academic discipline. Incorrect.
    *   **Sense 4:** `medicine%1:04:02::` | Definition: "punishment for one's actions" | Synonyms: music | Example: "take your medicine".
        *   *Evaluation:* This is an idiomatic/metaphorical sense. The context is clinical and literal. Incorrect.
4.  **Determine the Best Sense:** Sense 2 is the correct choice. It describes a pharmaceutical agent/drug.
5.  **Format the Output:** The user wants a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}` where X corresponds to the list index (1-based usually, or just the index provided in the list). The list provided in the prompt is numbered 1 to 4. So, Sense 2 corresponds to index 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cancer
Target surface form: cancer
Context:
What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the <t>cancer</t> is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells. Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cancer%1:26:00:: | definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream | synonyms=malignant neoplastic disease
2. sense_key=cancer%1:18:00:: | definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer | synonyms=Crab
3. sense_key=cancer%1:17:00:: | definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
4. sense_key=cancer%1:15:00:: | definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22 | synonyms=Cancer the Crab, Crab
5. sense_key=cancer%1:05:00:: | definition=type genus of the family Cancridae | synonyms=genus Cancer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:**
    *   Task: Fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD).
    *   Target lemma: cancer.
    *   Target surface form: cancer.
    *   Context: A medical description of a drug called Alimta (pemetrexed) used to treat pleural mesothelioma and non-small cell lung cancer.
    *   Candidate senses: 5 options provided (medical disease, astrological person, constellation, zodiac sign, genus).
    *   Constraints: Choose the single best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Return *only* a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`.

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   "Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer..."
    *   "...pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs...)"
    *   "...when the cancer is unresectable..."
    *   "...malignant (has spread...)"
    *   "...advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer..."
    *   The context is clearly discussing a disease, tumors, malignancy, chemotherapy, and medical treatment.

3.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**
    *   Sense 1: "any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division..." (Synonyms: malignant neoplastic disease). This is the medical definition of the disease.
    *   Sense 2: "(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer..." (Synonyms: Crab). This is a person with a zodiac sign. Incorrect.
    *   Sense 3: "a small zodiacal constellation..." Incorrect.
    *   Sense 4: "the fourth sign of the zodiac..." Incorrect.
    *   Sense 5: "type genus of the family Cancridae..." (Biological classification for crabs). Incorrect.

4.  **Match Context to Sense:**
    *   The text discusses "treat[ing] two types of cancer", "pleural mesothelioma", "lung cancer", "malignant", "chemotherapy".
    *   This matches Sense 1 perfectly.

5.  **Formulate Output:**
    *   The chosen sense index is 1.
    *   Format: JSON object `{"sense_index": 1}`.

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: remove
Target surface form: removed
Context:
What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be <t>removed</t> by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells. Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=remove%2:30:00:: | definition=remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract | synonyms=take, take away, withdraw | examples=remove a threat; remove a wrapper
2. sense_key=remove%2:41:00:: | definition=remove from a position or an office
3. sense_key=remove%2:40:00:: | definition=dispose of | synonyms=get rid of | examples=Get rid of these old shoes!; The company got rid of all the dead wood
4. sense_key=remove%2:41:02:: | definition=cause to leave | synonyms=take out, move out | examples=The teacher took the children out of the classroom
5. sense_key=remove%2:38:00:: | definition=shift the position or location of, as for business, legal, educational, or military purposes | synonyms=transfer | examples=He removed his children to the countryside; Remove the troops to the forest surrounding the city
6. sense_key=remove%2:30:01:: | definition=go away or leave | synonyms=absent | examples=He absented himself
7. sense_key=remove%2:41:01:: | definition=kill intentionally and with premeditation | synonyms=murder, slay, hit, dispatch, bump off, off | examples=The mafia boss ordered his enemies murdered
8. sense_key=remove%2:30:02:: | definition=get rid of something abstract | synonyms=take away | examples=The death of her mother removed the last obstacle to their marriage; God takes away your sins

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target lemma and context:**
    *   Target lemma: `remove`
    *   Target surface form: `removed`
    *   Context: "...unresectable (cannot be <t>removed</t> by surgery alone)..."
    *   Meaning in context: The sentence discusses cancer treatment. Specifically, "unresectable" means the cancer cannot be surgically removed. The tumor is a physical mass. "Removing" it means taking it out of the body via surgery.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   Sense 1: `remove%2:30:00::` - Definition: "remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract". Examples: "remove a threat; remove a wrapper". This fits the physical removal of a tumor (something concrete).
    *   Sense 2: `remove%2:41:00::` - Definition: "remove from a position or an office". (e.g., firing someone). Irrelevant.
    *   Sense 3: `remove%2:40:00::` - Definition: "dispose of". Synonyms: "get rid of". Examples: "Get rid of these old shoes!". This is close (getting rid of the cancer), but "dispose of" usually implies throwing something away that is no longer wanted, like trash or dead wood. While surgery gets rid of the tumor, the core act is extraction/removal, not just disposal. However, "get rid of" is a strong synonym for "remove" in a general sense. But is it the *best* specific sense? Let's look at Sense 1 again. Sense 1 mentions "remove something concrete... as by lifting... taking off". Surgery involves physically taking the concrete mass out. Sense 1 is more descriptive of the surgical action.
    *   Sense 4: `remove%2:41:02::` - Definition: "cause to leave". Examples: "The teacher took the children out of the classroom". Usually involves people moving. Irrelevant.
    *   Sense 5: `remove%2:38:00::` - Definition: "shift the position or location of...". Examples: transferring children/troops. Irrelevant.
    *   Sense 6: `remove%2:30:01::` - Definition: "go away or leave". Intransitive/reflexive ("absented himself"). The context uses passive voice ("cannot be removed"), but the underlying verb is transitive (surgery removes the tumor). Irrelevant.
    *   Sense 7: `remove%2:41:01::` - Definition: "kill intentionally...". Irrelevant.
    *   Sense 8: `remove%2:30:02::` - Definition: "get rid of something abstract". The tumor is concrete, not abstract. Irrelevant.

3.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 3:**
    *   Context: "cannot be removed by surgery".
    *   Sense 1: "remove something concrete... take away... withdraw". Example "remove a wrapper". This aligns with the physical extraction of a concrete object (tumor) from a location (body).
    *   Sense 3: "dispose of... get rid of". Example "Get rid of these old shoes".
    *   Distinction: While surgery results in getting rid of the tumor, the medical term "resect" specifically refers to cutting out or removing a part of the body or a growth. This is a physical, concrete removal. Sense 1 captures the physical act of taking something away. Sense 3 focuses more on the result of disposal (like trash). Sense 1's "remove something concrete" is the precise definition for surgical removal of a tumor. Even though "get rid of" (Sense 3) is semantically related, Sense 1 is the standard definition for physical removal/extraction.

    Let's look closer at Sense 1 vs Sense 3 definitions.
    Sense 1: "remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off".
    Sense 3: "dispose of".

    A tumor is "removed" by surgery. It is physically taken out. This fits Sense 1 (concrete removal) better than Sense 3 (disposal). If you remove a wrapper, you are taking it off. If you remove a tumor, you are taking it out.

    Let's check standard WSD mapping for medical removal.
    In medical contexts, removing a tumor is usually mapped to the concrete removal sense.

    Let's re-read Sense 1 examples: "remove a threat; remove a wrapper".
    Let's re-read Sense 3 examples: "Get rid of these old shoes!; The company got rid of all the dead wood".

    "The cancer cannot be removed." -> The cancer cannot be taken out.
    "Taken out" aligns with Sense 1 synonyms ("take", "take away", "withdraw"). "Withdraw" is often used in medical contexts (withdrawing fluid, though less so for solid tumors, "take away" or "take out" is the gist).

    "Get rid of" (Sense 3) is often used for eliminating a problem or throwing away trash. One might say "I want to get rid of this cancer," but the specific phrase "removed by surgery" emphasizes the physical extraction process. Therefore, Sense 1 is the specific physical sense intended here.

    Wait, let me double check the indexing provided in the prompt.
    1. remove%2:30:00:: (concrete/abstract)
    ...
    3. remove%2:40:00:: (dispose of)

    Most dictionaries map "remove a tumor" to the sense of "taking out" or "eliminating from a location".

    Let's look at the hierarchy or distinction usually made.
   WN 2.1 or 3.0 senses:
    *   (2:30:00) remove, take, take away, withdraw -- remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract.
    *   (2:40:00) dislodge, free, remove -- remove or force out from a position; "The dentist dislodged the piece of food that had been stuck in my throat"; "He finally could free the legs of the jumper who was buried under the avalanche".
        *   *Wait, the prompt's Sense 3 is `remove%2:40:00::` with definition "dispose of".* This is slightly different from my memory of standard WordNet for "dislodge", but I must stick to the provided definitions.

    Provided Sense 3: definition=dispose of | synonyms=get rid of.

    Provided Sense 1: definition=remove something concrete... | synonyms=take, take away, withdraw.

    A tumor is a "something concrete". The action is surgery. Surgery "takes away" the concrete object.
    Sense 1 is the most precise fit. It specifies "remove something concrete". The examples (wrapper) are physical objects. The tumor is a physical object.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: surgery
Target surface form: surgery
Context:
What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by <t>surgery</t> alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells. Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=surgery%1:09:00:: | definition=the branch of medical science that treats disease or injury by operative procedures | examples=he is professor of surgery at the Harvard Medical School
2. sense_key=surgery%1:06:01:: | definition=a room where a doctor or dentist can be consulted | examples=he read the warning in the doctor's surgery
3. sense_key=surgery%1:06:00:: | definition=a room in a hospital equipped for the performance of surgical operations | synonyms=operating room, OR, operating theater, operating theatre | examples=great care is taken to keep the operating rooms aseptic
4. sense_key=surgery%1:04:01:: | definition=a medical procedure involving an incision with instruments; performed to repair damage or arrest disease in a living body | synonyms=operation, surgical operation, surgical procedure, surgical process | examples=they will schedule the operation as soon as an operating room is available; he died while undergoing surgery

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the appropriate sense of "surgery":

Context: "Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by <t>surgery</t> alone)"

In this context, "surgery" is referring to a medical procedure that could potentially remove the cancer. The text is explaining that Alimta is used when the cancer "cannot be removed by surgery alone." This is clearly referring to a surgical operation or procedure to physically remove cancer tissue.

Let me examine the candidate senses:

1. surgery%1:09:00:: - "the branch of medical science that treats disease or injury by operative procedures" - This refers to surgery as a medical specialty/field, not a specific procedure.

2. surgery%1:06:01:: - "a room where a doctor or dentist can be consulted" - This refers to a consulting room, which is not relevant to this context.

3. surgery%1:06:00:: - "a room in a hospital equipped for the performance of surgical operations" - This refers to an operating room, not a procedure itself.

4. surgery%1:04:01:: - "a medical procedure involving an incision with instruments; performed to repair damage or arrest disease in a living body" - This refers to surgery as a medical procedure, which matches the context of "cannot be removed by surgery alone."

The context is clearly referring to surgery as a medical procedure that could remove cancer. This matches sense 4, which defines surgery as a medical procedure involving incisions with instruments, performed to treat disease or repair damage. The synonyms "operation, surgical operation, surgical procedure, surgical process" further support this interpretation.

Therefore, sense 4 is the correct choice for this context.

provider: Friendli


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: alone
Target surface form: alone
Context:
What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery <t>alone</t>) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells. Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=alone%5:00:00:unsocial:00 | definition=isolated from others | examples=could be alone in a crowded room; was alone with her thoughts
2. sense_key=alone%5:00:00:unaccompanied:00 | definition=lacking companions or companionship | synonyms=lone, lonely, solitary | examples=he was alone when we met him; she is alone much of the time
3. sense_key=alone%5:00:00:exclusive:00 | definition=exclusive of anyone or anything else | synonyms=only | examples=she alone believed him; cannot live by bread alone
4. sense_key=alone%5:00:00:incomparable:00 | definition=radically distinctive and without equal | synonyms=unique, unequaled, unequalled, unparalleled | examples=he is alone in the field of microbiology; this theory is altogether alone in its penetration of the problem

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   **Target lemma:** alone
    *   **Context snippet:** "...cannot be removed by surgery *alone*..."
    *   **Full context:** A medical description of the drug Alimta. It explains that the cancer is "unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery *alone*)". This means surgery by itself is insufficient. Surgery is one modality, but just that one modality won't work.
    *   **Syntactic role:** Adverb modifying the noun phrase "surgery" (or arguably the verb phrase "removed by surgery", but effectively limiting the scope of "surgery").

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `isolated from others` (e.g., alone in a crowded room).
        *   *Does it fit?* No. Surgery isn't "isolated from others". This refers to physical or social isolation.

    *   **Sense 2:** `lacking companions or companionship` (synonyms: lone, lonely, solitary).
        *   *Does it fit?* No. Surgery isn't lonely. This refers to sentient beings (people/animals) being without others.

    *   **Sense 3:** `exclusive of anyone or anything else` (synonyms: only).
        *   *Does it fit?* Yes. "Surgery alone" means "surgery *and nothing else*" (like chemotherapy). The phrase "cannot be removed by surgery alone" means "cannot be removed by surgery *only*". The synonym "only" fits perfectly here. The example "cannot live by bread alone" is structurally very similar to "cannot be removed by surgery alone".

    *   **Sense 4:** `radically distinctive and without equal` (synonyms: unique, unparalleled).
        *   *Does it fit?* No. This implies being the best or one-of-a-kind in a qualitative sense (e.g., "he is alone in the field..."). The sentence isn't praising surgery's uniqueness, but stating a limitation of scope/exclusivity.

3.  **Select the best sense:**
    *   The context implies that surgery, by itself (exclusive of other treatments), is insufficient.
    *   This aligns perfectly with Sense 3's definition "exclusive of anyone or anything else" and the synonym "only".

4.  **Format the output:**
    *   The user requested a JSON object: `{"sense_index": 3}`.

provider: Parasail


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: spread
Target surface form: spread
Context:
What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has <t>spread</t>, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells. Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=spread%2:35:00:: | definition=distribute or disperse widely | synonyms=distribute | examples=The invaders spread their language all over the country
2. sense_key=spread%2:35:07:: | definition=become distributed or widespread | synonyms=propagate | examples=the infection spread; Optimism spread among the population
3. sense_key=spread%2:42:00:: | definition=spread across or over | synonyms=overspread | examples=A big oil spot spread across the water
4. sense_key=spread%2:35:03:: | definition=spread out or open from a closed or folded state | synonyms=unfold, spread out, open | examples=open the map; spread your arms
5. sense_key=spread%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to become widely known | synonyms=circulate, circularize, circularise, distribute, disseminate, propagate | examples=spread information; circulate a rumor
6. sense_key=spread%2:32:02:: | definition=become widely known and passed on | synonyms=go around, circulate | examples=the rumor spread; the story went around in the office
7. sense_key=spread%2:38:00:: | definition=strew or distribute over an area | synonyms=scatter, spread out | examples=He spread fertilizer over the lawn; scatter cards across the table
8. sense_key=spread%2:38:02:: | definition=move outward | synonyms=diffuse, spread out, fan out | examples=The soldiers fanned out
9. sense_key=spread%2:35:12:: | definition=cover by spreading something over | examples=spread the bread with cheese
10. sense_key=spread%2:35:13:: | definition=distribute over a surface in a layer | examples=spread cheese on a piece of bread

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Word and Context:**
    *   **Target Lemma:** `spread`
    *   **Target Surface Form:** `spread`
    *   **Context Sentence:** "...malignant (has <t>spread</t>, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body)..."
    *   **Meaning in Context:** The context discusses cancer (metastasis). The cancer is extending its reach from a primary location to other parts of the body. It is an intransitive usage here ("has spread... to other parts"). The subject is the disease/cancer. The action is the progression or extension of the disease through the body.

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `distribute or disperse widely`. Transitive (examples: "invaders spread their language"). *Mismatch:* Context is intransitive/ergative regarding the disease moving itself.
    *   **Sense 2:** `become distributed or widespread`. Synonyms: `propagate`. Examples: "the infection spread". *Match:* This fits perfectly. The context describes the disease moving/extending, similar to an infection. It is the intransitive counterpart to distributing.
    *   **Sense 3:** `spread across or over`. Synonyms: `overspread`. Examples: "A big oil spot spread across the water". *Potential Match:* This describes a physical substance covering a surface. Cancer "spreading" is similar, but Sense 2 specifically mentions "infection" which is metaphorically closer to the biological process of cancer metastasis than an oil spot on water (which is surface tension driven). However, Sense 2 ("become distributed") is more general and captures the "propagation" aspect of malignancy better than just covering a surface.
    *   **Sense 4:** `spread out or open from a closed or folded state`. Examples: "open the map". *Mismatch:* Not physical unfolding.
    *   **Sense 5:** `cause to become widely known`. Transitive. *Mismatch:* Information context.
    *   **Sense 6:** `become widely known and passed on`. Examples: "the rumor spread". *Mismatch:* Information context.
    *   **Sense 7:** `strew or distribute over an area`. Transitive ("He spread fertilizer"). *Mismatch.*
    *   **Sense 8:** `move outward`. Examples: "The soldiers fanned out". *Potential Match:* This describes physical movement of entities. While cancer cells move, the concept of "the cancer spread" usually refers to the *extent* or *distribution* of the disease (metastasis), not just the geometric movement of a group.
    *   **Sense 9:** `cover by spreading something over`. Transitive. *Mismatch.*
    *   **Sense 10:** `distribute over a surface in a layer`. Transitive. *Mismatch.*

3.  **Narrow down the best sense:**
    *   The usage is "the cancer has spread".
    *   Candidate Sense 2: `become distributed or widespread`. Example: "the infection spread". This is the closest medical/biological analogy. Cancer spreading is synonymous with infection spreading in terms of the semantic frame (pathogen/disease extends domain).
    *   Candidate Sense 3: `spread across or over`. Example: "oil spot". This implies covering a surface area.
    *   Candidate Sense 8: `move outward`. Example: "soldiers fanned out".

    Let's look at the definition of Sense 2 again: "become distributed or widespread".
    Let's look at the definition of Sense 3 again: "spread across or over".

    In medical contexts, "spread" usually maps to the sense of propagation or becoming distributed. The example in Sense 2 ("the infection spread") is a very strong cue. Cancer spread and infection spread are conceptually very similar (invasion of tissue). Sense 2 defines the change of state (becoming distributed/widespread), which fits "malignant (has spread)".

    Sense 1 is transitive (agentive).
    Sense 2 is intransitive (change of state/location for a substance/disease).

    The sentence says: "...malignant (has spread... to other parts of the body)".
    This describes the phenomenon of metastasis.
    "The infection spread" (Sense 2 example) is the best semantic match for "the cancer spread".

4.  **Final Decision:**
    Sense 2 is the correct index. The sense key is `spread%2:35:07::`.
    The index is 2.

    Let's double check.
    Sense 1: Distribute (Transitive).
    Sense 2: Become distributed (Intransitive). Example: Infection spread. -> **Winner**.
    Sense 3: Overspread. Example: Oil spot. -> Possible, but "infection" in Sense 2 is a closer domain match.
    Sense 8: Move outward. Example: Fan out. -> Usually for groups of agents.

    Therefore, Sense 2 is the best fit.

5.  **Formatting Output:**
    JSON object: `{"sense_index": 2}`


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: likely
Target surface form: likely
Context:
What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is <t>likely</t> to spread easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells. Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=likely%3:00:00:: | definition=has a good chance of being the case or of coming about | examples=these services are likely to be available to us all before long; she is likely to forget
2. sense_key=likely%3:00:04:: | definition=likely but not certain to be or become true or real | synonyms=probable | examples=a likely result; he foresaw a probable loss
3. sense_key=likely%5:00:00:prospective:00 | definition=expected to become or be; in prospect | synonyms=potential | examples=potential clients
4. sense_key=likely%5:00:00:credible:00 | definition=within the realm of credibility | examples=not a very likely excuse

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word:** The target word is "likely" used as an adjective.
2.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is "...malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body)...".
    *   The context describes a medical condition (cancer).
    *   It describes the potential behavior of the cancer.
    *   It says the cancer "is likely to spread easily".
    *   This refers to a future event (spreading) that has a high probability of happening based on the nature of the malignancy.
3.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `likely%3:00:00::` | Definition: "has a good chance of being the case or of coming about" | Examples: "these services are likely to be available to us all before long", "she is likely to forget".
        *   *Fit:* This sense fits perfectly. "Is likely to spread" matches the structure "is likely to [verb/come about]". It implies a high probability.
    *   **Sense 2:** `likely%3:00:04::` | Definition: "likely but not certain to be or become true or real" | Synonyms: probable | Examples: "a likely result", "he foresaw a probable loss".
        *   *Fit:* This sense is very similar to Sense 1. However, Sense 1 usually applies to actions/events (likely to spread, likely to forget), whereas Sense 2 often applies to nominal states (a likely result). In WordNet, Sense 1 is the primary "likely to do something" sense (predictive), while Sense 2 is often attributive (a likely story/result). The context "is likely to spread" is a verbal complement construction. Sense 1's examples ("likely to forget", "likely to be available") align almost exactly with the target context "likely to spread".
    *   **Sense 3:** `likely%5:00:00:prospective:00` | Definition: "expected to become or be; in prospect" | Synonyms: potential | Examples: "potential clients" -> "likely clients".
        *   *Fit:* This refers to "likely" in the sense of "suitable" or "potential" (e.g., "a likely candidate"). This is an attributive usage meaning potential. The context is not about a "likely cancer" (potential cancer), but about the probability of an action.
    *   **Sense 4:** `likely%5:00:00:credible:00` | Definition: "within the realm of credibility" | Examples: "not a very likely excuse".
        *   *Fit:* This refers to plausibility or credibility (believability). The context is about medical prognosis/probability, not whether a statement is believable.
4.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   Sense 1 examples: "likely to be available", "likely to forget".
    *   Sense 2 examples: "likely result", "probable loss".
    *   Context: "is likely to spread".
    *   The construction "likely to [verb]" strongly points to Sense 1. Sense 2 seems more focused on adjectives modifying nouns or describing states/results as probable entities. The definition of Sense 1 "has a good chance of ... coming about" captures the dynamic nature of the event "spread".
5.  **Conclusion:** Sense 1 is the correct choice. It describes the high probability of an event occurring.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: spread
Target surface form: spread
Context:
What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to <t>spread</t> easily, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells. Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=spread%2:35:00:: | definition=distribute or disperse widely | synonyms=distribute | examples=The invaders spread their language all over the country
2. sense_key=spread%2:35:07:: | definition=become distributed or widespread | synonyms=propagate | examples=the infection spread; Optimism spread among the population
3. sense_key=spread%2:42:00:: | definition=spread across or over | synonyms=overspread | examples=A big oil spot spread across the water
4. sense_key=spread%2:35:03:: | definition=spread out or open from a closed or folded state | synonyms=unfold, spread out, open | examples=open the map; spread your arms
5. sense_key=spread%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to become widely known | synonyms=circulate, circularize, circularise, distribute, disseminate, propagate | examples=spread information; circulate a rumor
6. sense_key=spread%2:32:02:: | definition=become widely known and passed on | synonyms=go around, circulate | examples=the rumor spread; the story went around in the office
7. sense_key=spread%2:38:00:: | definition=strew or distribute over an area | synonyms=scatter, spread out | examples=He spread fertilizer over the lawn; scatter cards across the table
8. sense_key=spread%2:38:02:: | definition=move outward | synonyms=diffuse, spread out, fan out | examples=The soldiers fanned out
9. sense_key=spread%2:35:12:: | definition=cover by spreading something over | examples=spread the bread with cheese
10. sense_key=spread%2:35:13:: | definition=distribute over a surface in a layer | examples=spread cheese on a piece of bread

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   Sentence: "...malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body)..."
    *   Subject: Cancer (specifically, malignant pleural mesothelioma or non-small cell lung cancer).
    *   Action: The cancer moves from a primary location to other parts of the body (metastasis).
    *   Grammar: "has spread" (present perfect) or "is likely to spread" (infinitive). In both cases, "spread" acts as an intransitive verb here (the cancer itself is the agent/subject doing the moving/expanding).

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   *Sense 1 (spread%2:35:00::):* "distribute or disperse widely" (Transitive usually, e.g., "The invaders spread their language"). *Synonyms: distribute.* -> Doesn't fit well. Cancer isn't "distributing" something else; it is moving itself.
    *   *Sense 2 (spread%2:35:07::):* "become distributed or widespread" (Intransitive). *Synonyms: propagate.* *Examples: "the infection spread; Optimism spread among the population".* -> This looks very promising. Cancer spreading is analogous to infection spreading. It denotes a process of expanding range or scope intransitively.
    *   *Sense 3 (spread%2:42:00::):* "spread across or over". *Synonyms: overspread.* *Examples: "A big oil spot spread across the water".* -> This is also intransitive and describes physical expansion over a surface. While cancer spreads physically, the medical context usually aligns with "propagate" or the abstract sense of becoming distributed/widespread (metastasis) rather than just a surface covering like an oil slick.
    *   *Sense 4 (spread%2:35:03::):* "spread out or open from a closed or folded state". *Synonyms: unfold, spread out, open.* -> Irrelevant for cancer.
    *   *Sense 5 (spread%2:32:00::):* "cause to become widely known". *Synonyms: circulate...* -> Metaphorical, usually for information. Not the primary medical sense.
    *   *Sense 6 (spread%2:32:02::):* "become widely known and passed on". *Synonyms: go around, circulate.* -> Information/rumors. Irrelevant.
    *   *Sense 7 (spread%2:38:00::):* "strew or distribute over an area". *Synonyms: scatter...* -> Transitive usage ("He spread fertilizer"). Irrelevant.
    *   *Sense 8 (spread%2:38:02::):* "move outward". *Synonyms: diffuse, spread out, fan out.* -> Physical movement of people/objects usually. "The soldiers fanned out."
    *   *Sense 9 (spread%2:35:12::):* "cover by spreading something over". -> Transitive ("spread the bread").
    *   *Sense 10 (spread%2:35:13::):* "distribute over a surface in a layer". -> Transitive.

3.  **Narrow down to the best fit:**
    *   The usage is intransitive: "the cancer has spread".
    *   The meaning is medical/biological expansion (metastasis).
    *   Candidates: Sense 2 and Sense 3.
    *   *Sense 2:* "become distributed or widespread". Examples: "the infection spread". This is the closest semantic parallel. Cancer is a disease, like an infection, that propagates or becomes distributed through the body.
    *   *Sense 3:* "spread across or over". Example: "oil spot spread". This implies a 2D surface expansion. While cancer tumors grow, the term "spread" in oncology usually refers to the phenomenon of metastasis—becoming widespread in the body's system—which fits "become distributed or widespread" better than a simple surface covering.

    Let's look closely at Sense 2 again.
    Definition: "become distributed or widespread".
    Example: "the infection spread".
    Synonyms: "propagate".
    This captures the essence of metastasis—distributing cancer cells to new sites.

    Let's compare with Sense 8: "move outward". "The soldiers fanned out." This is spatial but usually implies a formation. Cancer spread is more about dissemination.

    Let's compare with Sense 3: "spread across or over". Example: "oil spot". This is often used for physical substances covering an area.

    The medical usage "cancer has spread" is idiomatic for metastasis. Metastasis is defined as the spread of a disease from one organ to another. The WordNet sense "become distributed or widespread" (Sense 2) with the example "the infection spread" is the precise linguistic mapping for disease spread.

    Therefore, Sense 2 is the correct choice. It handles the intransitive nature of the verb in this context and provides the specific "infection/disease" example which mirrors the "cancer" context.

4.  **Final Verification:**
    *   Target: "has spread... to other parts of the body".
    *   Sense 2: "become distributed or widespread". Example: "the infection spread".
    *   This is the standard WordNet mapping for disease spread.

    Index to return: 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: easily
Target surface form: easily
Context:
What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread <t>easily</t>, to other parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells. Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=easily%4:02:01:: | definition=with ease (`easy' is sometimes used informally for `easily') | synonyms=easy | examples=she was easily excited; was easily confused
2. sense_key=easily%4:02:06:: | definition=without question | examples=easily the best book she's written
3. sense_key=easily%4:02:05:: | definition=indicating high probability; in all likelihood | synonyms=well | examples=I might well do it; a mistake that could easily have ended in disaster

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target**: The target word is "easily" (adverb).
2.  **Analyze the Context**:
    *   Sentence: "...malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread <t>easily</t>, to other parts of the body)..."
    *   Meaning: The cancer is malignant, meaning it has the potential or tendency to spread to other parts of the body without much resistance or difficulty. It characterizes the nature of the cancer's metastasis.
    *   Nuance: Is it about probability (it is likely to happen) or manner (it happens without difficulty/impediment)?
    *   Let's look closer at "likely to spread easily".
    *   If something spreads "easily" in a medical context, it often means it spreads *readily* or *quickly* without being stopped by the body's defenses. It characterizes the manner of spreading.
    *   However, consider the phrase "is likely to spread easily".
    *   Let's compare the candidate senses.

3.  **Analyze Candidate Senses**:

    *   **Sense 1**: `easily%4:02:01::` | definition=with ease (`easy' is sometimes used informally for `easily') | synonyms=easy | examples=she was easily excited; was easily confused.
        *   *Analysis*: This sense refers to the manner in which an action is performed (without difficulty). In the context of cancer spreading, "spreading with ease" means it spreads readily, without encountering barriers. This fits the biological description of a malignant tumor. It spreads *readily*.

    *   **Sense 2**: `easily%4:02:06::` | definition=without question | examples=easily the best book she's written.
        *   *Analysis*: This is an intensifier sense (e.g., "easily the best"). This does not fit the context of a biological process (spreading).

    *   **Sense 3**: `easily%4:02:05::` | definition=indicating high probability; in all likelihood | synonyms=well | examples=I might well do it; a mistake that could easily have ended in disaster.
        *   *Analysis*: This sense is about probability (e.g., "it could easily happen" = it might well happen).
        *   *Comparison*: The context says "is likely to spread easily".
        *   If we use Sense 3 (probability), the sentence would mean "is likely to spread [probably]". This seems redundant or slightly off given the presence of "likely" right before it. "Likely to spread [with high probability]"?
        *   However, let's look at the WordNet example for Sense 3: "a mistake that could easily have ended in disaster". Here, "easily" modifies the potentiality/probability of the event.
        *   In the target sentence: "spread easily to other parts". Does "easily" modify the probability of spreading, or the manner of spreading?
        *   "Spread easily" usually refers to the mechanism (metastasis is unimpeded). A virus spreads easily. A fire spreads easily. This describes the lack of resistance (Sense 1).
        *   If the author meant probability, they might say "could easily spread". But the text says "likely to spread easily". "Likely" covers the probability. "Easily" covers the manner (readily/with ease).
        *   Let's reconsider Sense 3. "It is likely to spread [readily]". This maps to Sense 1 (manner: with ease).
        *   Let's check if "spread easily" is a collocation for Sense 3.
        *   Example for Sense 3: "could easily have ended in disaster". This is clearly probability.
        *   Example for Sense 1: "she was easily excited". This means it took little stimulus to excite her (manner/susceptibility).
        *   Context: "cancer... is likely to spread easily".
        *   Does the cancer spread without difficulty? Yes, that is the definition of aggressive malignancy. It invades tissues "with ease".
        *   Does it mean the cancer is likely to spread? The word "likely" already states the probability. "Likely to spread easily" implies the spreading happens in a certain way (readily/with ease).
        *   Wait, is there an overlap? Sometimes "easily" implies probability in phrases like "it could easily happen". But here, "likely" is explicit.
        *   Let's look at the structure: "spread [modifier]".
        *   If I say "The rumor spread easily", it means the transmission was facile (Sense 1).
        *   If I say "It could easily spread", it *can* mean probability (Sense 3), but can also mean manner (The virus could spread easily [via contact]).
        *   Given the definition of malignant tumors: they invade and metastasize. Metastasis is described as spreading "easily" when it is aggressive.
        *   Let's check the definition of Sense 1 again: "with ease".
        *   Let's check Sense 3 again: "indicating high probability".
        *   If we replace "easily" in the text:
            *   Sense 1 replacement: "...likely to spread [with ease/readily]..." -> Makes sense medically.
            *   Sense 3 replacement: "...likely to spread [in all likelihood]..." -> "likely to spread in all likelihood" is tautological and awkward because of the preceding "likely".
        *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct fit. The adverb describes the *manner* of the spreading (unimpeded, readily), not the probability (which is handled by "likely").

4.  **Final Decision**: The target describes the manner in which the cancer spreads (readily/with ease), distinct from the probability which is already stated by "likely". Sense 1 fits "with ease".

    *   Sense 1 examples: "was easily confused" (low threshold, manner).
    *   Context: "spread easily" (readily, without resistance).

    The match is with Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: other
Target surface form: other
Context:
What is Alimta? Alimta is a powder that is made up into a solution for infusion (drip into a vein). It contains the active substance pemetrexed. What is Alimta used for? Alimta is used to treat two types of cancer: pleural mesothelioma (cancer of the lining of the lungs that is usually caused by exposure to asbestos). Alimta is used together with cisplatin (another anticancer medicine) when the cancer is unresectable (cannot be removed by surgery alone) and malignant (has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to <t>other</t> parts of the body), in patients who have not received chemotherapy (medicines for cancer) before advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer that is not affecting the squamous cells. Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
2. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening
3. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=belonging to the distant past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "other" in the context: "has spread, or is likely to spread easily, to other parts of the body"

Let me analyze the candidate senses:

1. "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied" - This fits the context where cancer spreads to parts of the body other than the original location (the lungs). "Other parts of the body" means parts different from the ones already mentioned (the lungs/lining of lungs).

2. "recently past" - This doesn't fit; "other parts of the body" has nothing to do with time.

3. "belonging to the distant past" - Doesn't fit; same reason as above.

4. "very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected" - This doesn't fit either; "other parts of the body" doesn't mean unusual or strange parts, just different/additional parts.

The correct sense is clearly #1 - "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied". In this context, "other parts of the body" refers to parts of the body different from the original site (the lungs), which is the typical usage of "other" meaning "different/additional ones not already mentioned."

The answer should be sense_index: 1

provider: SiliconFlow