[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: realize
Target surface form: realized
Context:
Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man. He began to wish that he hadn't shouted that other evening when the truck bore down through the crossing. Was he going to be saddled from now on with a creep for a bar - buddy? He'd have to start going to some of the other places again. In a low voice, almost whispering, the man had asked Phil if he was happy with the way the landlord had been taken off his back. He made the mistake of answering in an offhand way, and instantly <t>realized</t> that his skepticism must have showed in his face or voice. Pete frowned slightly, then became sad and moody.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=realize%2:31:01:: | definition=be fully aware or cognizant of | synonyms=recognize, recognise, realise, agnize, agnise
2. sense_key=realize%2:31:00:: | definition=perceive (an idea or situation) mentally | synonyms=understand, realise, see | examples=Now I see!; I just can't see your point
3. sense_key=realize%2:36:00:: | definition=make real or concrete; give reality or substance to | synonyms=realise, actualize, actualise, substantiate | examples=our ideas must be substantiated into actions
4. sense_key=realize%2:40:01:: | definition=earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages | synonyms=gain, take in, clear, make, earn, realise | examples=How much do you make a month in your new job?; She earns a lot in her new job
5. sense_key=realize%2:40:00:: | definition=convert into cash; of goods and property | synonyms=realise
6. sense_key=realize%2:36:07:: | definition=expand or complete (a part in a piece of baroque music) by supplying the harmonies indicated in the figured bass | synonyms=realise

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   Sentence: "He made the mistake of answering in an offhand way, and instantly <t>realized</t> that his skepticism must have showed in his face or voice."
    *   Subject: "He" (Phil/Haney).
    *   Action: "realized".
    *   Object: "that his skepticism must have showed in his face or voice."
    *   Meaning: He became aware of something. He had a sudden cognition or understanding of a specific fact (that his skepticism was visible/audible).

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `realize%2:31:01::` | definition=be fully aware or cognizant of | synonyms=recognize, recognise, realise, agnize, agnise.
        *   *Fit:* This fits the idea of becoming aware of a fact. The context implies a moment of awareness ("instantly realized"). He became cognizant of the fact that his skepticism showed.
    *   **Sense 2:** `realize%2:31:00::` | definition=perceive (an idea or situation) mentally | synonyms=understand, realise, see | examples=Now I see!; I just can't see your point.
        *   *Fit:* This also fits somewhat. It involves mental perception. However, Sense 1 ("be fully aware or cognizant of") feels slightly more specific to the moment of *becoming* aware of a specific state of affairs (skepticism showing), whereas Sense 2 often leans towards comprehending an abstract point or idea (like "seeing a point").
    *   **Sense 3:** `realize%2:36:00::` | definition=make real or concrete; give reality or substance to | synonyms=realise, actualize, actualise, substantiate.
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect. This is about bringing something into existence (e.g., realizing a plan).
    *   **Sense 4:** `realize%2:40:01::` | definition=earn on some commercial or business transaction...
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect. This is about making money.
    *   **Sense 5:** `realize%2:40:00::` | definition=convert into cash...
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect. Financial context.
    *   **Sense 6:** `realize%2:36:07::` | definition=expand or complete (a part in a piece of baroque music)...
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect. Music context.

3.  **Distinguish between Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   Sense 1 definition: "be fully aware or cognizant of". Synonyms: *recognize*.
    *   Sense 2 definition: "perceive (an idea or situation) mentally". Synonyms: *understand, see*. Examples: "Now I see!", "I can't see your point."
    *   In the context "instantly realized that his skepticism must have showed", the subject is becoming aware of a fact/situation that happened. He *recognized* the mistake or the state of affairs.
    *   Sense 2 (perceive mentally/understand) is often used for grasping concepts ("I realized that 2+2=4" or "I realized the truth of the matter").
    *   Sense 1 (be fully aware/cognizant) is often used for becoming conscious of a specific fact or event occurrence. The synonym "recognize" fits well here—he recognized the error/consequence.
    *   Let's look at the WordNet 3.0/3.1 structure (which this output usually mimics).
        *   Sense 1 (2:31:01) usually implies a realization of a fact or truth. "He realized the danger."
        *   Sense 2 (2:31:00) usually implies understanding or grasping a concept. "I realized my mistake."
    *   Actually, looking closely at the definitions provided in the prompt:
        *   Sense 1: "be fully aware or cognizant of".
        *   Sense 2: "perceive (an idea or situation) mentally".
    *   The distinction is subtle. In the sentence "He... realized that his skepticism must have showed...", he is becoming aware of a specific situation/fact.
    *   "Realize" in the sense of "becoming fully aware" (Sense 1) is the standard definition for this kind of context (sudden awareness). The synonym "recognize" (Sense 1) works well: He recognized that his skepticism showed.
    *   The synonym "understand" (Sense 2) feels slightly off for "instantly realized". "Instantly understood" doesn't capture the "becoming aware" aspect as well as "became aware/recognized".
    *   Let's check typical WSD datasets (like SemCor).
        *   "He realized the danger" -> Sense 1.
        *   "I realized that..." clauses usually map to the "be fully aware" or "perceive mentally".
    *   Usually, the "be fully aware or cognizant of" (Sense 1) is the primary sense for "realize" in narrative contexts describing a character's internal state becoming aware of a fact.
    *   Let's compare definitions again.
        *   Sense 1: "be fully aware or cognizant of". This implies a state of awareness.
        *   Sense 2: "perceive (an idea or situation) mentally". Examples: "Now I see!" "I just can't see your point."
    *   The examples for Sense 2 are about comprehension/grasping a point. The context here is about noticing a specific fact about oneself (skepticism showing).
    *   Sense 1 seems slightly better fitted for "cognizant of [a fact]". The object is a that-clause describing an event/state.
    *   Often, WordNet distinguishes between "understand" (grasp meaning) and "realize" (become aware). Here, the prompt offers them as different senses.
    *   Sense 1 (cognizant/aware) vs Sense 2 (perceive mentally/understand).
    *   Let's look at the synonyms for Sense 1: "recognize". "He instantly recognized that his skepticism..." -> This works.
    *   Let's look at synonyms for Sense 2: "understand, see". "He instantly understood that his skepticism..." -> This also works, but is less standard for "realized" in a narrative "becoming aware" context.
    *   Standard usage: "I realized I left the stove on." -> Becoming aware (Sense 1). "I realized the solution to the problem." -> Understanding/Seeing (Sense 2).
    *   In the text: "he... instantly realized that his skepticism must have showed". He became aware of a mistake/consequence. This aligns with Sense 1 (aware/cognizant).

    *   Let's double check the indices.
        *   Sense 1: `realize%2:31:01::`
        *   Sense 2: `realize%2:31:00::`
    *   Usually, the more general or frequent sense comes first in the list or has a specific numbering. In WordNet 3.0:
        *   1. realize, understand, realise, see -- (perceive (an idea or situation) mentally; "Now I see!"; "I just can't see your point"; "We found the winning line...") -> Wait, let me check standard WordNet ordering.
        *   Actually, looking at standard WordNet 3.0:
            *   S: (v) realize, recognise, recognize, agnize, agnise, realise, know, be aware (be fully aware or cognizant of)
            *   S: (v) understand, realize, realise, see (perceive (an idea or situation) mentally)
    *   The prompt lists them as:
        *   1. realize%2:31:01:: (be fully aware...) -> This corresponds to "recognize/be aware".
        *   2. realize%2:31:00:: (perceive mentally...) -> This corresponds to "understand/see".
    *   Context: "He... instantly realized that his skepticism must have showed".
    *   Is this "being aware" or "perceiving mentally"?
    *   The object is a *fact* (that his skepticism showed).
    *   "Becoming aware of a fact" is the core meaning of "realize" in narrative.
    *   Sense 2 examples ("Now I see", "can't see your point") relate to *comprehension* of an argument or idea.
    *   Sense 1 synonyms ("recognize") relate to *identification* or *awareness* of a fact/truth.
    *   The character becomes aware/conscious of a fact (his skepticism was visible).
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.

    *   Let's refine.
    *   Text: "...instantly realized that his skepticism must have showed..."
    *   Definition Sense 1: "be fully aware or cognizant of".
    *   Definition Sense 2: "perceive (an idea or situation) mentally".
    *   Both are very close. However, "be fully aware" captures the psychological state change (sudden awareness) better than "perceive mentally" (which often overlaps with understanding concepts).
    *   The prompt instructions say "WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms".
    *   Synonyms for Sense 1: "recognize". Synonyms for Sense 2: "understand, see".
    *   Replacing the target:
        *   "...instantly recognized that his skepticism must have showed..." (Sense 1) -> Fits well.
        *   "...instantly understood that his skepticism must have showed..." (Sense 2) -> Fits, but implies grasping the *meaning* rather than the *fact*. He didn't need to understand the meaning of skepticism showing; he needed to be aware that it happened.
    *   "Recognized" or "Became aware" are the best paraphrases. These align with Sense 1.

    Decision: Sense 1.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: skepticism
Target surface form: skepticism
Context:
Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man. He began to wish that he hadn't shouted that other evening when the truck bore down through the crossing. Was he going to be saddled from now on with a creep for a bar - buddy? He'd have to start going to some of the other places again. In a low voice, almost whispering, the man had asked Phil if he was happy with the way the landlord had been taken off his back. He made the mistake of answering in an offhand way, and instantly realized that his <t>skepticism</t> must have showed in his face or voice. Pete frowned slightly, then became sad and moody.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=skepticism%1:09:00:: | definition=doubt about the truth of something | synonyms=incredulity, disbelief, mental rejection
2. sense_key=skepticism%1:09:01:: | definition=the disbelief in any claims of ultimate knowledge | synonyms=agnosticism, scepticism

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   **Situation:** Haney is stuck in a corner with a "wiry, dark little man" (Pete).
    *   **Previous interaction:** Pete asks Phil (Haney?) if he is happy with how the landlord was dealt with.
    *   **Haney's reaction:** He answered "in an offhand way".
    *   **The target word:** Haney realized his "skepticism" must have showed in his face or voice.
    *   **Consequence:** Pete frowned and became sad/moody.
    *   **Inference:** Haney didn't believe what Pete was saying or implying (perhaps regarding the "landlord" situation). He doubted the truth or sincerity of the man's question or the situation described. His offhand manner betrayed his doubt. This is a specific instance of doubting a claim or statement in a conversation, not a philosophical stance on the possibility of knowledge.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `skepticism%1:09:00::` | definition="doubt about the truth of something" | synonyms="incredulity, disbelief, mental rejection".
        *   *Fit:* This fits perfectly. Haney doubts the truth of what Pete is saying or the validity of the situation. He is incredulous or disbelieving. This is the general, everyday usage of "skepticism" (doubting a specific claim).
    *   **Sense 2:** `skepticism%1:09:01::` | definition="the disbelief in any claims of ultimate knowledge" | synonyms="agnosticism, scepticism".
        *   *Fit:* This is the philosophical definition (Pyrrhonism or general philosophical skepticism/agnosticism). It refers to a school of thought or a broad epistemological position. Haney is not expressing a philosophical viewpoint on the limits of human knowledge; he is doubting a specific thing said by a strange man in a bar.

3.  **Compare and Select:**
    *   Context implies a specific reaction to a statement (doubt about the truth of something).
    *   Sense 1 covers specific doubt/disbelief.
    *   Sense 2 covers philosophical doctrine.
    *   Sense 1 is the correct choice.

4.  **Format the output:**
    *   The instruction asks for a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}` where X corresponds to the numbered list provided in the prompt.
    *   Sense 1 is the correct sense.
    *   Output: `{"sense_index": 1}`.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Parasail

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: show
Target surface form: showed
Context:
Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man. He began to wish that he hadn't shouted that other evening when the truck bore down through the crossing. Was he going to be saddled from now on with a creep for a bar - buddy? He'd have to start going to some of the other places again. In a low voice, almost whispering, the man had asked Phil if he was happy with the way the landlord had been taken off his back. He made the mistake of answering in an offhand way, and instantly realized that his skepticism must have <t>showed</t> in his face or voice. Pete frowned slightly, then became sad and moody.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=show%2:39:02:: | definition=give an exhibition of to an interested audience | synonyms=demo, exhibit, present, demonstrate | examples=She shows her dogs frequently; We will demo the new software in Washington
2. sense_key=show%2:31:00:: | definition=establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment | synonyms=prove, demonstrate, establish, shew | examples=The experiment demonstrated the instability of the compound; The mathematician showed the validity of the conjecture
3. sense_key=show%2:32:00:: | definition=provide evidence for | synonyms=testify, bear witness, prove, evidence | examples=The blood test showed that he was the father; Her behavior testified to her incompetence
4. sense_key=show%2:39:00:: | definition=make visible or noticeable | examples=She showed her talent for cooking; Show me your etchings, please
5. sense_key=show%2:36:00:: | definition=show in, or as in, a picture | synonyms=picture, depict, render | examples=This scene depicts country life; the face of the child is rendered with much tenderness in this painting
6. sense_key=show%2:32:02:: | definition=give expression to | synonyms=express, evince | examples=She showed her disappointment
7. sense_key=show%2:32:01:: | definition=indicate a place, direction, person, or thing; either spatially or figuratively | synonyms=indicate, point, designate | examples=I showed the customer the glove section; He pointed to the empty parking space
8. sense_key=show%2:39:01:: | definition=be or become visible or noticeable | synonyms=show up | examples=His good upbringing really shows; The dirty side will show
9. sense_key=show%2:32:04:: | definition=indicate a certain reading; of gauges and instruments | synonyms=read, register, record | examples=The thermometer showed thirteen degrees below zero; The gauge read `empty'
10. sense_key=show%2:32:03:: | definition=give evidence of, as of records | examples=The diary shows his distress that evening
11. sense_key=show%2:38:00:: | definition=take (someone) to their seats, as in theaters or auditoriums | synonyms=usher | examples=The usher showed us to our seats
12. sense_key=show%2:33:00:: | definition=finish third or better in a horse or dog race | examples=he bet $2 on number six to show

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "showed" in the context: "He made the mistake of answering in an offhand way, and instantly realized that his skepticism must have <t>showed</t> in his face or voice."

Let me analyze the context:
- The character Phil answered in an offhand way
- His skepticism (doubt/disbelief) must have showed in his face or voice
- This means his skepticism became visible/apparent/noticeable through his facial expression or tone of voice

Now let me look at the candidate senses:

1. "give an exhibition of to an interested audience" - This is about actively showing something to an audience, like demo software or showing dogs. Not fitting.

2. "establish the validity of something" - This is about proving something. Not fitting.

3. "provide evidence for" - This is about providing proof/evidence. Not quite fitting.

4. "make visible or noticeable" - This could work. The examples "She showed her talent for cooking" show this sense. But this seems more active - making something visible.

5. "show in, or as in, a picture" - About depicting in art. Not fitting.

6. "give expression to" - With synonym "evince" and example "She showed her disappointment". This could work - his skepticism was expressed/evidenced through his face/voice.

7. "indicate a place, direction, person, or thing" - About pointing to something. Not fitting.

8. "be or become visible or noticeable" - With synonyms "show up" and examples "His good upbringing really shows; The dirty side will show". This is about something becoming apparent or visible without active effort. This seems very fitting - his skepticism became noticeable in his face or voice.

9. "indicate a certain reading; of gauges and instruments" - About readings. Not fitting.

10. "give evidence of, as of records" - Example "The diary shows his distress". This is about records showing something. Close, but more about documents/records.

11. "take (someone) to their seats" - Not fitting.

12. "finish third or better in a horse or dog race" - Not fitting.

The key distinction is between sense 6 ("give expression to") and sense 8 ("be or become visible or noticeable").

Sense 6 is more active - giving expression to something, like showing disappointment.
Sense 8 is about something becoming visible/noticeable on its own - "His good upbringing really shows"

In the context, "his skepticism must have showed in his face or voice" - this is describing how his skepticism became apparent/visible. It wasn't that he actively showed it, but rather it showed (became noticeable) through his facial expression or voice.

The phrasing "showed in his face" suggests the intransitive or reflexive meaning - his skepticism revealed itself, became visible. This aligns well with sense 8: "be or become visible or noticeable".

The examples for sense 8 are "His good upbringing really shows; The dirty side will show" - both describing how something becomes apparent without active effort.

So I believe sense 8 is the best fit.

provider: Together


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: face
Target surface form: face
Context:
Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man. He began to wish that he hadn't shouted that other evening when the truck bore down through the crossing. Was he going to be saddled from now on with a creep for a bar - buddy? He'd have to start going to some of the other places again. In a low voice, almost whispering, the man had asked Phil if he was happy with the way the landlord had been taken off his back. He made the mistake of answering in an offhand way, and instantly realized that his skepticism must have showed in his <t>face</t> or voice. Pete frowned slightly, then became sad and moody.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=face%1:08:00:: | definition=the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear | synonyms=human face | examples=he washed his face; I wish I had seen the look on his face when he got the news
2. sense_key=face%1:07:03:: | definition=the feelings expressed on a person's face | synonyms=expression, look, aspect, facial expression | examples=a sad expression; a look of triumph
3. sense_key=face%1:07:00:: | definition=the general outward appearance of something | examples=the face of the city is changing
4. sense_key=face%1:06:02:: | definition=the striking or working surface of an implement
5. sense_key=face%1:18:00:: | definition=a part of a person that is used to refer to a person | examples=he looked out at a roomful of faces; when he returned to work he met many new faces
6. sense_key=face%1:15:00:: | definition=a surface forming part of the outside of an object | synonyms=side | examples=he examined all sides of the crystal; dew dripped from the face of the leaf
7. sense_key=face%1:08:01:: | definition=the part of an animal corresponding to the human face
8. sense_key=face%1:06:01:: | definition=the side upon which the use of a thing depends (usually the most prominent surface of an object) | examples=he dealt the cards face down
9. sense_key=face%1:10:01:: | definition=a contorted facial expression | synonyms=grimace | examples=she made a grimace at the prospect
10. sense_key=face%1:10:00:: | definition=a specific size and style of type within a type family | synonyms=font, fount, typeface, case
11. sense_key=face%1:07:01:: | definition=status in the eyes of others | examples=he lost face
12. sense_key=face%1:07:02:: | definition=impudent aggressiveness | synonyms=boldness, nerve, brass, cheek | examples=I couldn't believe her boldness; he had the effrontery to question my honesty
13. sense_key=face%1:06:00:: | definition=a vertical surface of a building or cliff

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context**:
    *   Target lemma: `face`
    *   Target surface form: `face`
    *   Context sentence: "He made the mistake of answering in an offhand way, and instantly realized that his skepticism must have showed in his <t>face</t> or voice."

2.  **Analyze the meaning in context**:
    *   The sentence describes a person realizing that their internal feeling (skepticism) was visible to the other person.
    *   The skepticism "showed in his face or voice".
    *   This refers to the facial expression or the look on his face that conveys emotion. It's the visual medium through which feelings are expressed.
    *   It could potentially refer to the physical body part (Sense 1: "the front of the human head...") or the expression displayed thereon (Sense 2: "the feelings expressed on a person's face").

3.  **Evaluate the candidate senses**:

    *   *Sense 1 (face%1:08:00::)*: "the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear".
        *   This is the physical body part. One can show skepticism in their physical face.
        *   Example: "he washed his face".

    *   *Sense 2 (face%1:07:03::)*: "the feelings expressed on a person's face".
        *   Synonyms: expression, look, aspect, facial expression.
        *   Examples: "a sad expression"; "a look of triumph".
        *   Analysis: The context says skepticism *showed* in his face. This strongly implies the face as a conveyer of expression. The phrase "showed in his face" is very similar to the examples for this sense. The text focuses on the *communication* of an internal state (skepticism), which aligns perfectly with "the feelings expressed on a person's face".

    *   *Sense 3 (face%1:07:00::)*: "the general outward appearance of something".
        *   Too abstract/general. Usually used for things like cities or organizations, not people expressing emotion.

    *   *Sense 4, 6, 8, 13*: Physical surfaces of objects/buildings. Irrelevant.

    *   *Sense 5 (face%1:18:00::)*: "a part of a person that is used to refer to a person".
        *   Example: "he met many new faces".
        *   Irrelevant. This is a metonymy for a person.

    *   *Sense 7*: Animal face. Irrelevant.

    *   *Sense 9 (face%1:10:01::)*: "a contorted facial expression" (grimace).
        *   Skepticism isn't necessarily a grimace.

    *   *Sense 10*: Typeface. Irrelevant.

    *   *Sense 11*: Status (lost face). Irrelevant.

    *   *Sense 12*: Impudence (boldness/cheek). Irrelevant.

4.  **Differentiate Sense 1 and Sense 2**:
    *   This is a classic WSD distinction for "face".
    *   Sense 1 is the anatomical object.
    *   Sense 2 is the expression/emotion displayed.
    *   Context: "skepticism must have showed in his face".
    *   If the sentence were "He rubbed his face," it would be Sense 1.
    *   Since the sentence talks about *skepticism* (an emotion/attitude) showing *in* the face, the focus is on the face as the vehicle of expression.
    *   WordNet Sense 2 specifically defines "face" as "the feelings expressed on a person's face". The gloss explicitly mentions "feelings expressed". The context involves "skepticism" (a feeling/attitude) showing.
    *   Does "showed in his face" mean the physical location or the expression itself? Usually, if X (emotion) shows in Y (face), B is the location, but the usage "a sad face" or "a happy face" maps to Sense 2.
    *   Let's look at the examples for Sense 2: "a sad expression", "a look of triumph".
    *   Let's look at the examples for Sense 1: "he washed his face", "look on his face" (Wait, "look on his face" uses 'face' as the physical location for the look).
    *   However, in the context "skepticism must have showed in his face", we are referring to the visible manifestation of the emotion.
    *   Let's reconsider Sense 1's example: "I wish I had seen the look on his face". Here, "face" is the physical object where the "look" resides.
    *   Sense 2 definition: "the feelings expressed on a person's face".
    *   The phrase "showed in his face" treats "face" as the container/location of the expression. If I say "His face showed skepticism," is that Sense 2? Yes, usually. If I say "Skepticism showed in his face," the face is the location.
    *   However, Sense 2 is defined as "the feelings expressed". Is "face" the feelings? No, "face" is the representation of feelings.
    *   Let's check the WordNet hierarchy.
        *   Sense 1: body part (hypernym).
        *   Sense 2: communication (hypernym), facial expression (hyponym).
    *   The context describes the *communication* of skepticism. The skepticism was visible via the face.
    *   Is the word "face" referring to the flesh-and-blood body part (Sense 1) or the expression (Sense 2)?
    *   Often, WSD tasks favor the specific "expression" sense when emotions are involved.
    *   Example: "He had a sad face." -> Sense 2? Or Sense 1 modified by sad?
    *   WordNet sense 2 examples: "a sad expression"; "a look of triumph". These are synonyms or near-synonyms for the usage.
    *   Actually, looking at WordNet data:
        *   Sense 1 (physical): "he washed his face".
        *   Sense 2 (expression): "a sad expression" (synonym: *look*, *facial expression*).
    *   The phrase "showed in his face" is tricky.
    *   Let's try substitution.
        *   "Skepticism showed in his [physical head front]." -> Plausible.
        *   "Skepticism showed in his [expression]." -> Plausible.
    *   The definition for Sense 2 is "the feelings expressed on a person's face". This is slightly recursive (defining 'face' as 'feelings expressed on a face'). This sense acts as a proxy for "facial expression".
    *   If the text meant purely the body part, it might say "He touched his face".
    *   Because the text highlights that *skepticism* was visible, and the face is the medium of that visibility, Sense 2 captures the functional aspect of the face in this context (conveying emotion/attitude).
    *   Sense 2 is defined as "the feelings expressed on a person's face".
    *   Wait, "skepticism" is the feeling. The "face" is where it showed.
    *   Let's look closer at Sense 2's examples in WordNet 3.0/3.1. "a sad expression", "a look of triumph". These are appositions. "She made a face" (often grimace, Sense 9, or just expression Sense 2).
    *   If the text was "He had a skeptical face," it would definitely be Sense 2 (meaning a skeptical expression).
    *   The text is "skepticism... showed in his face".
    *   Let's compare with Sense 1. "He examined all sides of the crystal... face of the leaf" (Sense 6). "He washed his face" (Sense 1).
    *   Is "face" in this context synonymous with "expression"? "Skepticism showed in his expression" fits perfectly. "Skepticism showed in his [front of head]" fits less perfectly because the front of the head is the substrate, but the *meaning* of "face" here leans toward the facial configuration revealing the mind.
    *   Linguistics literature often distinguishes the "physical" vs "expressive" sense of face. The "expressive" sense is Sense 2.
    *   Sentence: "his skepticism must have showed in his face".
    *   If I strictly interpret the prepositional phrase "in his face", the face is the container. This leans toward Sense 1 (the body part containing the expression).
    *   However, Sense 2 is defined specifically for instances where "face" means the *look* or *expression* itself.
    *   Does the word "face" *mean* the feelings here, or the body part?
    *   Definition Sense 2: "the feelings expressed on a person's face".
    *   Can we say "Skepticism showed in his [feelings expressed on his face]"? No, that doesn't parse well.
    *   Can we say "Skepticism showed in his [human face]"? Yes.
    *   Let's check the provided examples for Sense 2 again.
    *   "a sad expression" (This is an appositive or definition of the word in a specific context like "She had a sad face").
    *   "a look of triumph" (Similar).
    *   If the sentence was "He had a skeptical face," Sense 2 is the clear winner.
    *   But here the syntax is "showed in his face".
    *   Let's look at Sense 1's examples: "I wish I had seen the look on his face". In this example, "look" is the expression, "face" is the body part where it is located. This suggests WordNet assigns the body part sense (Sense 1) even when expressions are involved, provided the syntax distinguishes the two (look vs face).
    *   In my context: "skepticism... showed in his face". Skepticism is the thing showing. Face is the location.
    *   This parallels Sense 1 example: "look on his face".
    *   If WordNet examples for Sense 1 include "look on his face", then "showed in his face" (where skepticism is the thing showing) maps to Sense 1.
    *   Sense 2 seems reserved for cases where "face" *stands in* for the expression, e.g., "a happy face" (a happy expression) or "save face" (sense 11? no, that's status).
    *   Let's re-read Sense 2 definition: "the feelings expressed on a person's face".
    *   If I say "He had a sad face", does "face" mean the feelings? Or does "face" mean the set of features that *look* sad?
    *   Usually, WSD datasets (like SemCor) tag "face" in contexts of emotion as Sense 2 *only if* it effectively means "expression".
    *   Example: "She made a face." -> Sense 9 (grimace) or Sense 2.
    *   Example: "His face fell." -> Sense 1 (body part moving) or Sense 2 (expression changing)?
    *   Let's check the Sense 1 example again: "I wish I had seen the **look** on his **face**". Here "look" is the expression. "Face" is Sense 1.
    *   In the target sentence: "skepticism ... showed in his **face**". "Skepticism" is the internal state/emotion (analogous to "look"). "Showed" is the action.
    *   This structure [Emotion/Manifestation] [Preposition] [Face] mirrors the Sense 1 example "look on his face".
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 (the physical face) seems the correct technical annotation here. The face is the surface where the skepticism was displayed.
    *   However, let's look at the context "instantly realized that his skepticism must have showed in his face or voice."
    *   Voice conveys tone/skepticism.
    *   Face conveys expression/skepticism.
    *   Is "face" here the body part or the instrument of expression?
    *   In "He washed his face," it is definitely Sense 1.
    *   In "He had a sad face," it is likely Sense 2 (a sad expression).
    *   The context says skepticism *showed* in it. This implies the physical face acted as the canvas.
    *   If I choose Sense 2, I am asserting that "face" means "feelings expressed".
    *   Sentence: "His skepticism showed in his [feelings expressed]." -> This is redundant. Skepticism showed in his feelings? No.
    *   Sentence: "His skepticism showed in his [human face]." -> Yes, it was visible on his physiognomy.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the stronger candidate despite the presence of emotion. The emotion is the *content* (skepticism), not the definition of the word "face" itself. The word "face" denotes the location/organ used to express it.

    *   Let's double check Sense 1 definition again.
    *   Sense 1: "the front of the human head..."
    *   Example: "I wish I had seen the look on his face..."
    *   This example is the clincher. If WordNet considers "face" in "look on his face" to be Sense 1, then "showed in his face" is also Sense 1. The distinction is whether the word *face* is functioning as a metonym for the expression itself (Sense 2) or the body part hosting the expression (Sense 1).
    *   "He had a sad face" -> Metonymy for "sad expression" -> Sense 2.
    *   "The look on his face" -> Face is the location -> Sense 1.
    *   "Showed in his face" -> Face is the location -> Sense 1.

    *   Let's check if there's any reason to doubt this.
    *   What about Sense 2's synonyms: expression, look, aspect.
    *   Can we substitute? "His skepticism showed in his expression." Yes. "His skepticism showed in his face." Yes.
    *   Does "face" = "expression" here?
    *   "He had a sad face" = "He had a sad expression." (Sense 2).
    *   "He washed his face" != "He washed his expression." (Sense 1).
    *   "Showed in his face" vs "Showed in his expression".
    *   The latter makes sense. The former makes sense.
    *   However, the specific WordNet example for Sense 1 ("look on his face") is structurally very similar ("skepticism ... in his face" vs "look on his face").
    *   I will stick with Sense 1 because the syntax treats face as the container/surface of the emotion, not the emotion itself. The skepticism showed *in* the face (location), rather than the face *being* the skepticism (identity/metonymy).

    *   Wait, let me look at the Sense 2 definition again. "the feelings expressed on a person's face".
    *   This is a definition of the sense, not the word.
    *   If the word "face" refers to the *look*, it is Sense 2.
    *   If the word "face" refers to the *head*, it is Sense 1.
    *   Context: "skepticism ... showed in his face".
    *   Comparison: "He had a skeptical face." Here "skeptical" modifies "face". "Skeptical face" = "skeptical expression". This is Sense 2.
    *   Comparison: "Skepticism showed on his face." Here, "skepticism" is the subject. "Face" is the location.
    *   This distinction is subtle.
    *   Let's check SemCor annotations or similar resources for "face".
    *   "The expression on his face." -> "Expression" is the expression. "Face" is Sense 1.
    *   "He made a face." -> Sense 9 (grimace) or Sense 2 (expression).
    *   "Her face fell." -> Sense 1 (body part dropping).
    *   "A sad face." -> Sense 2.
    *   "I saw it in his face." -> Sense 1 (the location where I saw it).
    *   The target sentence is "skepticism ... showed in his face".
    *   This fits the pattern "I saw it in his face" or "It showed in his face". In these cases, face is the surface/location.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

    *   Final check.
    *   Sense 1: "the front of the human head..."
    *   Context: Skepticism showed in that body part.
    *   Sense 2: "the feelings expressed..."
    *   Context: Skepticism showed in the feelings expressed? No, that's recursive.
    *   Conclusion: Sense 1.

    Let's review Sense 1 definition again.
    "the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear"
    Examples: "he washed his face; I wish I had seen the look on his face when he got the news"
    The second example "look on his face" is highly analogous to "showed in his face". Both involve an expression (look/skepticism) associated with the physical face.
    The WordNet lexicographers put that example under Sense 1.
    This confirms Sense 1 is the intended answer.

    One more check on Sense 2.
    Definition: "the feelings expressed on a person's face"
    Synonyms: expression, look, aspect, facial expression
    Examples: "a sad expression", "a look of triumph".
    These examples are phrases where "face" might be substituted or where "face" is used as a direct synonym for expression (e.g., "He had a sad face").
    My sentence is not using "face" as a synonym for "expression" in an appositive way. It is using "face" as the object of the preposition "in", indicating the location where the skepticism was visible.
    Thus, Sense 1.

provider: Friendli


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: voice
Target surface form: voice
Context:
Haney felt like shrinking out of sight, but he was already trapped in the corner with the wiry, dark little man. He began to wish that he hadn't shouted that other evening when the truck bore down through the crossing. Was he going to be saddled from now on with a creep for a bar - buddy? He'd have to start going to some of the other places again. In a low voice, almost whispering, the man had asked Phil if he was happy with the way the landlord had been taken off his back. He made the mistake of answering in an offhand way, and instantly realized that his skepticism must have showed in his face or <t>voice</t>. Pete frowned slightly, then became sad and moody.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=voice%1:07:00:: | definition=the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech | examples=A shrill voice sounded behind us
2. sense_key=voice%1:10:00:: | definition=the sound made by the vibration of vocal folds modified by the resonance of the vocal tract | synonyms=vocalization, vocalisation, vocalism, phonation, vox | examples=a singer takes good care of his voice; the giraffe cannot make any vocalizations
3. sense_key=voice%1:11:00:: | definition=a sound suggestive of a vocal utterance | examples=the noisy voice of the waterfall; the incessant voices of the artillery
4. sense_key=voice%1:10:01:: | definition=expressing in coherent verbal form | synonyms=articulation | examples=the articulation of my feelings; I gave voice to my feelings
5. sense_key=voice%1:04:00:: | definition=a means or agency by which something is expressed or communicated | examples=the voice of the law; the Times is not the voice of New York
6. sense_key=voice%1:10:03:: | definition=something suggestive of speech in being a medium of expression | examples=the wee small voice of conscience; the voice of experience
7. sense_key=voice%1:18:01:: | definition=(metonymy) a singer | examples=he wanted to hear trained voices sing it
8. sense_key=voice%1:18:00:: | definition=an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose | synonyms=spokesperson, interpreter, representative | examples=the meeting was attended by spokespersons for all the major organs of government
9. sense_key=voice%1:07:01:: | definition=the ability to speak | examples=he lost his voice
10. sense_key=voice%1:24:00:: | definition=(linguistics) the grammatical relation (active or passive) of the grammatical subject of a verb to the action that the verb denotes
11. sense_key=voice%1:10:02:: | definition=the melody carried by a particular voice or instrument in polyphonic music | synonyms=part | examples=he tried to sing the tenor part

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target lemma and context:**
    *   Target lemma: *voice*
    *   Context: "He made the mistake of answering in an offhand way, and instantly realized that his skepticism must have showed in his face or **voice**."
    *   The sentence describes a person answering a question. The answer was "offhand", and his "skepticism" showed in his face or his *voice*. This refers to the audible sound he produced while speaking, carrying an emotional tone (skepticism).

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   *Sense 1 (voice%1:07:00::):* "the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech". Example: "A shrill voice sounded behind us". This fits. The "voice" carries the "skepticism" via its quality/tone.
    *   *Sense 2 (voice%1:10:00::):* "the sound made by the vibration of vocal folds..." Synonyms: vocalization, phonation. Example: "a singer takes good care of his voice". This is more biological/physical. While related, Sense 1 focuses on the *distinctive quality* (which is where the emotion/skepticism shows), whereas Sense 2 is the physical production of sound. However, WordNet distinctions can be subtle. Let's look at the others.
    *   *Sense 3 (voice%1:11:00::):* "a sound suggestive of a vocal utterance". Example: "noisy voice of the waterfall". Not applicable here; this is a human speaking.
    *   *Sense 4 (voice%1:10:01::):* "expressing in coherent verbal form". Synonyms: articulation. Example: "I gave voice to my feelings". This is abstract. The context says skepticism showed in his *voice*, not that he *gave voice* to skepticism (though he expressed it, the reference is to the vehicle of speech).
    *   *Sense 5 (voice%1:04:00::):* "a means or agency by which something is expressed...". Example: "voice of the law". Metaphorical. Not applicable.
    *   *Sense 6 (voice%1:10:03::):* "something suggestive of speech...". Example: "voice of conscience". Metaphorical. Not applicable.
    *   *Sense 7 (voice%1:18:01::):* "(metonymy) a singer". Not applicable.
    *   *Sense 8 (voice%1:18:00::):* "an advocate...". Not applicable.
    *   *Sense 9 (voice%1:07:01::):* "the ability to speak". Example: "he lost his voice". Not applicable; he is speaking.
    *   *Sense 10 (voice%1:24:00::):* Linguistics (active/passive). Not applicable.
    *   *Sense 11 (voice%1:10:02::):* Music (melody/part). Not applicable.

3.  **Disambiguate between the top contenders (Sense 1 and Sense 2):**

    *   Context: "...skepticism must have showed in his face or **voice**."
    *   The focus is on the *sound* of the speech and its *quality* conveying an emotion (skepticism).
    *   Sense 1 definition: "the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech". This captures the aspect of "voice" that conveys emotion or attitude (skepticism). The example "A shrill voice" relates to quality.
    *   Sense 2 definition: "the sound made by the vibration of vocal folds...". This is the physiological organ/instrument. Example: "a singer takes good care of his voice".
    *   Comparison: If I say "His voice cracked," it could be Sense 2 (physiology/instrument failing) or Sense 1 (quality). If I say "He has a deep voice," it's Sense 1. If I say "His voice showed his fear," it refers to the quality of the sound.
    *   Let's look at the definition of Sense 1 again: "the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech". This is the most precise fit for a voice carrying an emotional tone (skepticism). Sense 2 is often used for the *organ* itself (e.g., "he strained his voice") or the general act of vocalizing. When we talk about a tone indicating emotion ("showed in his... voice"), we are talking about the specific quality of the sound, which matches Sense 1 perfectly.

4.  **Confirm selection:**
    *   Sense 1: "distinctive quality... of a person's speech".
    *   Context: Skepticism showed in his voice.
    *   Rationale: Skepticism manifests in the *tone* or *quality* of the speech. Sense 1 is defined by quality/pitch/condition. Sense 2 is the physiological sound production. While Sense 2 is the broader category, Sense 1 specifically captures the *quality* aspect relevant to showing emotion.
    *   Let's check the sense numbering in the prompt.
    *   1. sense_key=voice%1:07:00:: | definition=the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech...

5.  **Final Output Generation:**
    *   Select Sense 1.
    *   JSON format: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: become
Target surface form: became
Context:
He began to wish that he hadn't shouted that other evening when the truck bore down through the crossing. Was he going to be saddled from now on with a creep for a bar - buddy? He'd have to start going to some of the other places again. In a low voice, almost whispering, the man had asked Phil if he was happy with the way the landlord had been taken off his back. He made the mistake of answering in an offhand way, and instantly realized that his skepticism must have showed in his face or voice. Pete frowned slightly, then <t>became</t> sad and moody. Haney didn't want to encourage his company, but felt he ought to buy him a drink anyhow, to prevent possible trouble.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=become%2:30:00:: | definition=enter or assume a certain state or condition | synonyms=go, get | examples=He became annoyed when he heard the bad news; It must be getting more serious
2. sense_key=become%2:42:01:: | definition=undergo a change or development | synonyms=turn | examples=The water turned into ice; Her former friend became her worst enemy
3. sense_key=become%2:42:00:: | definition=come into existence | examples=What becomes has duration
4. sense_key=become%2:42:03:: | definition=enhance the appearance of | synonyms=suit | examples=Mourning becomes Electra; This behavior doesn't suit you!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target lemma and form**:
    *   Lemma: become
    *   Form: became (past tense)
    *   Context: "Pete frowned slightly, then became sad and moody."

2.  **Analyze the context**:
    *   The subject is "Pete".
    *   The action is a change in emotional state: "became sad and moody".
    *   Pete was frowning slightly before, and then transitioned into a state of sadness and moodiness. This is a change of state/condition.

3.  **Evaluate candidate senses**:

    *   **Sense 1**: `become%2:30:00::`
        *   Definition: enter or assume a certain state or condition.
        *   Synonyms: go, get.
        *   Examples: "He became annoyed...", "It must be getting more serious..."
        *   Fit: This fits perfectly. "Sad and moody" describes a state or condition (emotional state). The subject entered this state.

    *   **Sense 2**: `become%2:42:01::`
        *   Definition: undergo a change or development.
        *   Synonyms: turn.
        *   Examples: "The water turned into ice", "Her former friend became her worst enemy".
        *   Fit: This usually implies a more fundamental transformation or conversion of one thing into another (water to ice, friend to enemy). While it involves a change, sense 1 is more specific to assuming a state (like an adjective complement: sad, happy, angry), whereas sense 2 often involves noun phrases or major transformation. "Became sad" is a classic "copular verb + adjective" construction characteristic of sense 1.

    *   **Sense 3**: `become%2:42:00::`
        *   Definition: come into existence.
        *   Examples: "What becomes has duration".
        *   Fit: This is philosophical or archaic usage. Not applicable here.

    *   **Sense 4**: `become%2:42:03::`
        *   Definition: enhance the appearance of.
        *   Synonyms: suit.
        *   Examples: "Mourning becomes Electra".
        *   Fit: This is about suitability or appearance (X looks good on Y). Not applicable.

4.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 2**:
    *   Sense 1 is for "entering a state" (usually followed by an adjective). E.g., "became sad".
    *   Sense 2 is for "change or development" (often followed by a noun phrase or "turned into"). E.g., "became a doctor", "became a problem".
    *   In the text: "became **sad and moody**". "Sad and moody" are adjectives describing a state. This aligns exactly with Sense 1's examples ("became annoyed"). Sense 2's examples involve nouns ("enemy") or physical transformations ("water turned into ice").

5.  **Conclusion**:
    *   The best sense is Sense 1. It captures the copular usage of "become" taking an adjectival complement to denote a change of state.

6.  **Format Output**:
    *   JSON object: `{"sense_index": 1}`


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sad
Target surface form: sad
Context:
He began to wish that he hadn't shouted that other evening when the truck bore down through the crossing. Was he going to be saddled from now on with a creep for a bar - buddy? He'd have to start going to some of the other places again. In a low voice, almost whispering, the man had asked Phil if he was happy with the way the landlord had been taken off his back. He made the mistake of answering in an offhand way, and instantly realized that his skepticism must have showed in his face or voice. Pete frowned slightly, then became <t>sad</t> and moody. Haney didn't want to encourage his company, but felt he ought to buy him a drink anyhow, to prevent possible trouble.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sad%3:00:00:: | definition=experiencing or showing sorrow or unhappiness; ; - Christina Rossetti | examples=feeling sad because his dog had died; Better by far that you should forget and smile / Than that you should remember and be sad
2. sense_key=sad%5:00:00:sorrowful:00 | definition=of things that make you feel sad; ; ; ; - Christina Rossetti | examples=sad news; she doesn't like sad movies
3. sense_key=sad%5:00:00:bad:00 | definition=bad; unfortunate | synonyms=deplorable, distressing, lamentable, pitiful, sorry | examples=my finances were in a deplorable state; a lamentable decision

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "sad" used to describe Pete's emotional state after frowning slightly. The context describes Pete becoming "sad and moody" - this is clearly describing a person experiencing sorrow or unhappiness, not things that make you feel sad (sense 2) or something bad/unfortunate (sense 3).

Sense 1: experiencing or showing sorrow or unhappiness - this fits perfectly. Pete is experiencing sadness/unhappiness.

Sense 2: of things that make you feel sad - this is for things like "sad news" or "sad movies" - doesn't apply to a person's emotional state.

Sense 3: bad; unfortunate - with synonyms like deplorable, distressing, lamentable - this doesn't fit the context of describing a person's emotional state.

The answer is sense 1.

provider: SiliconFlow


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: moody
Target surface form: moody
Context:
He began to wish that he hadn't shouted that other evening when the truck bore down through the crossing. Was he going to be saddled from now on with a creep for a bar - buddy? He'd have to start going to some of the other places again. In a low voice, almost whispering, the man had asked Phil if he was happy with the way the landlord had been taken off his back. He made the mistake of answering in an offhand way, and instantly realized that his skepticism must have showed in his face or voice. Pete frowned slightly, then became sad and <t>moody</t>. Haney didn't want to encourage his company, but felt he ought to buy him a drink anyhow, to prevent possible trouble.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=moody%5:00:00:ill-natured:00 | definition=showing a brooding ill humor; ; ; ; ; ; - Bruce Bliven | synonyms=dark, dour, glowering, glum, morose, saturnine | examples=a dark scowl; the proverbially dour New England Puritan
2. sense_key=moody%5:00:00:emotional:00 | definition=subject to sharply varying moods | synonyms=temperamental | examples=a temperamental opera singer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target word: "moody" (adjective).
    *   Context sentence: "Pete frowned slightly, then became sad and <t>moody</t>."
    *   Broader context: A conversation between Phil (presumably Haney) and Pete. Pete asks a question, Phil answers offhand/skeptically. Pete reacts by frowning, becoming sad, and then "moody". The narrator (Haney) feels he ought to buy him a drink to prevent trouble, implying Pete might be difficult or upset.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   Sense 1: `moody%5:00:00:ill-natured:00`
        *   Definition: showing a brooding ill humor.
        *   Synonyms: dark, dour, glowering, glum, morose, saturnine.
        *   Examples: "a dark scowl", "the proverbially dour New England Puritan".
        *   Core meaning: Being in a bad, sulky, gloomy, or ill-tempered state *at that moment*.

    *   Sense 2: `moody%5:00:00:emotional:00`
        *   Definition: subject to sharply varying moods.
        *   Synonyms: temperamental.
        *   Examples: "a temperamental opera singer".
        *   Core meaning: A personality trait characterized by unpredictable changes in mood (swinging between highs and lows).

3.  **Evaluate Sense 1 against context:**
    *   The context describes a specific reaction: "Pete frowned slightly, then became sad and moody."
    *   The sequence of actions (frowned -> became sad -> became moody) describes a transition into a specific emotional state.
    *   The synonyms "glum" and "morose" fit well with "sad" and "frowned". The definition "brooding ill humor" fits the reaction to a perceived slight or skepticism.
    *   Haney's thought process ("prevent possible trouble") suggests Pete is currently in a difficult or sullen state that could lead to conflict, which aligns with the "ill-natured" aspect of Sense 1.

4.  **Evaluate Sense 2 against context:**
    *   Sense 2 implies a general personality trait (being temperamental, prone to mood swings).
    *   While Pete might *be* a temperamental person generally, the sentence "became sad and moody" describes a specific instance of entering a state, not necessarily displaying the trait of *variability*.
    *   Saying someone "became subject to sharply varying moods" in that specific moment doesn't fit the syntax or the immediate narrative flow as well as saying they "became ill-humored/gloomy".
    *   "Moody" in the sense of "temperamental" is usually used as a permanent attribute ("He is a moody person"). When used as a predicate adjective with "became", it usually refers to the state of being sullen or gloomy (Sense 1). E.g., "He became moody and wouldn't talk to anyone."

5.  **Compare and Decide:**
    *   The phrase "became... moody" strongly suggests a change of state to a specific disposition (sullen/gloomy), rather than acquiring the general trait of moodiness/temperamentality.
    *   The association with "sad" and "frowned" supports the "gloomy/morose" (Sense 1) interpretation over the "changeable/temperamental" (Sense 2) interpretation.
    *   Sense 1 synonyms (glum, morose) are semantically very close to "sad" in this context. Sense 2's synonym "temperamental" implies volatility, whereas the text implies a settled-in sadness/gloom.

6.  **Conclusion:** Sense 1 is the correct choice. It fits the aspectual nature of "became [adjective]" and the collocation with "sad" and "frowned".

7.  **Format Output:**
    *   JSON format required: `{"sense_index": 1}`.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: want
Target surface form: want
Context:
Was he going to be saddled from now on with a creep for a bar - buddy? He'd have to start going to some of the other places again. In a low voice, almost whispering, the man had asked Phil if he was happy with the way the landlord had been taken off his back. He made the mistake of answering in an offhand way, and instantly realized that his skepticism must have showed in his face or voice. Pete frowned slightly, then became sad and moody. Haney didn't <t>want</t> to encourage his company, but felt he ought to buy him a drink anyhow, to prevent possible trouble. But there was no trouble.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=want%2:37:00:: | definition=feel or have a desire for; want strongly | synonyms=desire | examples=I want to go home now; I want my own room
2. sense_key=want%2:34:00:: | definition=have need of | synonyms=need, require | examples=This piano wants the attention of a competent tuner
3. sense_key=want%2:35:00:: | definition=hunt or look for; want for a particular reason | examples=Your former neighbor is wanted by the FBI; Uncle Sam wants you
4. sense_key=want%2:31:01:: | definition=wish or demand the presence of | examples=I want you here at noon!
5. sense_key=want%2:42:01:: | definition=be without, lack; be deficient in | examples=want courtesy; want the strength to go on living

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output: sense_index": 1}

content: sense_index": 1}

reasoning_content:
1.  surface form: *want*
    *   Context sentence: "Haney didn't **want** to encourage his company, but felt he ought to buy him a drink anyhow, to prevent possible trouble."
    *   Full context meaningey is in a bar. A creepy guy (Pete) is talking to him. Haney doesn't desire to hang out with him ("encourage his company"), but feels social obligation or strategic necessity to buy him a drink to avoid trouble.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1feel or have a desire for; want strongly". Synonyms: desire. Examples: "I want to go home now".
        *   *Fit:* This fits the basic semantic frame of "want + infinitive". Haney has a negative desire (he didn't *desire* to encourage the company). This is the most general sense of "want" used for internal volition.

    *   **Sense 2:** `want%2:34:00::` | Definition: "have need of". Synonyms: need, require. Examples: "This piano wants the attention of a competent tuner".
        *   *Fit:* Does Haney *need* to encourage his company in the sense of requirement or objective necessity? The sentence says he "felt he ought to buy him a drink", implying a social obligation, but the "want" clause describes his internal volition ("didn't want to"). He didn't *need* to encourage him; in fact, the context implies the opposite—he didn't want to. If we substitute "need", it becomes "Haney didn't need to encourage his company," which changes the meaning. The sentence is about his preference/feeling, not objective necessity.

    *   **Sense 3:** `want%2:35:00::` | Definition: "hunt or look for; want for a particular reason". Examples: "Your former neighbor is wanted by the FBI".
        *   *Fit:* This is the "wanted poster" sense. Haney is not hunting or looking for the man. This does not fit.

    *   **Sense 4:** `want%2:31:01::` | Definition: "wish or demand the presence of". Examples: "I want you here at noon!"
        *   *Fit:* This is about summoning someone. Haney isn't summoning or demanding the presence of the "company" (in fact, he wants to avoid it). This does not fit.

    *   **Sense 5:** `want%2:42:01::` | Definition: "be without, lack; be deficient in". Examples: "want courtesy".
        *   *Fit:* This is quality (e.g., "It wants polish"). "Haney didn't want to encourage..." is a catenative structure "want + infinitive". The "lack" sense doesn't take an infinitive clause in this manner. You don't say "I want to go" meaning "I lack to go".

3.  **Compare the:**
    *   Sense 1 is the clear winner. The structure "want + to + verb" expresses desire or volition. The neg perfectly ("feel or have a desire for").

4.  **Formulate the output:**
    *   The best index is 1.
    *   Format: JSON object `{"sense_index": 1}`.

provider: Amazon Bedrock


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: want
Target surface form: want
Context:
Was he going to be saddled from now on with a creep for a bar - buddy? He'd have to start going to some of the other places again. In a low voice, almost whispering, the man had asked Phil if he was happy with the way the landlord had been taken off his back. He made the mistake of answering in an offhand way, and instantly realized that his skepticism must have showed in his face or voice. Pete frowned slightly, then became sad and moody. Haney didn't <t>want</t> to encourage his company, but felt he ought to buy him a drink anyhow, to prevent possible trouble. But there was no trouble.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=want%2:37:00:: | definition=feel or have a desire for; want strongly | synonyms=desire | examples=I want to go home now; I want my own room
2. sense_key=want%2:34:00:: | definition=have need of | synonyms=need, require | examples=This piano wants the attention of a competent tuner
3. sense_key=want%2:35:00:: | definition=hunt or look for; want for a particular reason | examples=Your former neighbor is wanted by the FBI; Uncle Sam wants you
4. sense_key=want%2:31:01:: | definition=wish or demand the presence of | examples=I want you here at noon!
5. sense_key=want%2:42:01:: | definition=be without, lack; be deficient in | examples=want courtesy; want the strength to go on living

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

[Assistant] sense_index": 1}

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 5. Return only valid JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   Sentence: "Haney didn't **want** to encourage his company, but felt he ought to buy him a drink anyhow, to prevent possible trouble."
    *   Subject: Haney.
    *   Action: "didn't want to encourage his company".
    *   Meaning: Haney does not have a desire or wish to encourage the other person's presence. He feels an obligation ("ought to buy him a drink"), which contrasts with his internal feeling ("didn't want to").
    *   Structure: "want" followed by an infinitive ("to encourage").

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `want%2:37:00::` | definition="feel or have a desire for; want strongly" | synonyms="desire" | examples="I want to go home now; I want my own room".
        *   Analysis: Fits perfectly. "Haney didn't [feel a desire for] encouraging his company." The infinitive structure "want to [verb]" matches the example "I want to go home now". The contrast between "didn't want" and "felt he ought" highlights the internal desire/will aspect.
    *   **Sense 2:** `want%2:34:00::` | definition="have need of" | synonyms="need, require" | examples="This piano wants the attention of a competent tuner".
        *   Analysis: Doesn't fit. "Haney didn't need to encourage..." is grammatically possible but semantically weaker than the desire/will context. Also, "need" usually implies necessity, whereas here it's about personal volition/preference. The example "piano wants attention" shows a stative 'lack/need' usage, different from the volitional 'want to do something' here.
    *   **Sense 3:** `want%2:35:00::` | definition="hunt or look for; want for a particular reason" | examples="Your former neighbor is wanted by the FBI".
        *   Analysis: Incorrect. This is the "wanted by police" or "seeking" sense.
    *   **Sense 4:** `want%2:31:01::` | definition="wish or demand the presence of" | examples="I want you here at noon!".
        *   Analysis: This refers to wanting a person/object present. Haney isn't demanding the presence of "encourage his company". He is expressing a lack of desire to perform an action.
    *   **Sense 5:** `want%2:42:01::` | definition="be without, lack; be deficient in" | examples="want courtesy; want the strength to go on living".
        *   Analysis: Incorrect. This is the archaic or formal sense of "lacking" something. Haney isn't "lacking" the encouragement.

3.  **Conclusion:**
    *   The target word expresses a lack of desire or volition.
    *   The construction "want to [verb]" is explicitly covered in Sense 1's examples ("I want to go home now").
    *   The definition "feel or have a desire for" captures Haney's internal state.

4.  **Select the index:** 1.

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: company
Target surface form: company
Context:
Was he going to be saddled from now on with a creep for a bar - buddy? He'd have to start going to some of the other places again. In a low voice, almost whispering, the man had asked Phil if he was happy with the way the landlord had been taken off his back. He made the mistake of answering in an offhand way, and instantly realized that his skepticism must have showed in his face or voice. Pete frowned slightly, then became sad and moody. Haney didn't want to encourage his <t>company</t>, but felt he ought to buy him a drink anyhow, to prevent possible trouble. But there was no trouble.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=company%1:14:01:: | definition=an institution created to conduct business | examples=he only invests in large well-established companies; he started the company in his garage
2. sense_key=company%1:14:03:: | definition=small military unit; usually two or three platoons
3. sense_key=company%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being with someone | synonyms=companionship, fellowship, society | examples=he missed their company; he enjoyed the society of his friends
4. sense_key=company%1:14:02:: | definition=organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical) | synonyms=troupe | examples=the traveling company all stayed at the same hotel
5. sense_key=company%1:18:00:: | definition=a social or business visitor | synonyms=caller | examples=the room was a mess because he hadn't expected company
6. sense_key=company%1:14:00:: | definition=a social gathering of guests or companions | examples=the house was filled with company when I arrived
7. sense_key=company%1:14:06:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=party | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
8. sense_key=company%1:14:04:: | definition=crew of a ship including the officers; the whole force or personnel of a ship | synonyms=ship's company
9. sense_key=company%1:14:05:: | definition=a unit of firefighters including their equipment | examples=a hook-and-ladder company

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   **Sentence:** "Haney didn't want to encourage his <t>company</t>, but felt he ought to buy him a drink anyhow..."
    *   **Situation:** Haney is in a bar. A man (Pete, mentioned earlier in the context) is talking to him. Pete is behaving in a way Haney doesn't like (creepy, moody). Haney feels obligated to buy this person a drink.
    *   **Target word:** "company".
    *   **Syntactic role:** It functions as a noun, possessed by "his" (Haney's company). "Company" here refers to the person who is with Haney.
    *   **Meaning:** In this specific sentence, "company" refers to the person accompanying him, or the presence of that person. Haney doesn't want to encourage "him" (the person), or his presence/interaction. The phrase "didn't want to encourage his company" usually implies not wanting to encourage the person staying or the social interaction. However, let's look closer. If he didn't want to encourage his *company*, does that mean he didn't want to encourage the *person* (as a visitor/companion) or the *state of being with him*?
    *   Let's check Sense 5: "a social or business visitor". Example: "the room was a mess because he hadn't expected company". This fits the idea of a specific person being present as a guest/visitor.
    *   Let's check Sense 3: "the state of being with someone". Example: "he missed their company". If I say "I didn't want to encourage his company", it usually means I didn't want to encourage him staying there or interacting with me.
    *   Let's distinguish between Sense 3 (abstract state/presence) and Sense 5 (visitor/guest).
    *   In the phrase "encourage his company", "company" refers to the person acting as a companion/visitor. Haney views the man as an unwelcome companion.
    *   Let's look at the examples again.
        *   Sense 3: "he missed their company" (abstract presence/fellowship).
        *   Sense 5: "he hadn't expected company" (visitor(s)).
    *   The context involves a specific individual (Pete) who has approached Haney. Haney wants to discourage the interaction. "He didn't want to encourage his company."
    *   Is "company" here the *state* of being with him or the *visitor* himself?
    *   If I say "I have company over," it means I have visitors (Sense 5 or 6).
    *   If I say "I enjoy your company," it means I enjoy being with you (Sense 3).
    *   The phrase "encourage his company" is slightly tricky. It acts somewhat transitively here. "Encourage" applies to the situation.
    *   Let's look at Sense 5 definition: "a social or business visitor". Synonyms: "caller".
    *   Haney is sitting at a bar. Pete comes up and talks to him. Pete is a "caller" or "visitor" in Haney's space.
    *   However, "encourage his company" often implies "encourage his staying with me".
    *   Let's check WordNet hierarchy or standard usage.
    *   Sense 3: state of being with someone.
    *   Sense 5: a social visitor.
    *   In the text: "Haney didn't want to encourage his company". If we substitute "visitor" (Sense 5), it works: "didn't want to encourage his visitor". This implies he didn't want to make the visitor feel welcome to stay.
    *   If we substitute "presence/fellowship" (Sense 3), "didn't want to encourage his presence" works too.
    *   But look at the example for Sense 5: "the room was a mess because he hadn't expected company". This is the "guest/visitor" sense.
    *   Look at the example for Sense 3: "he missed their company". This is the "fellowship" sense.
    *   The context describes a specific person ("a creep", "Pete") interacting with the protagonist. The protagonist wants to get rid of him or at least not foster the relationship. The usage "his company" referring to a specific person acting as a companion aligns very strongly with the "visitor/guest" sense when contrasted with the "abstract fellowship" sense. Usually, when "company" refers to the *person* or *people* present, it falls under Sense 5 (singular visitor/guest) or Sense 6 (gathering).
    *   Sense 6 is "a social gathering of guests". This is plural/group. Here it's one guy. So Sense 6 is out.
    *   So it's between Sense 3 and Sense 5.
    *   Sense 3 (State) vs Sense 5 (Visitor).
    *   Phrasing: "encourage his company".
    *   If "company" meant the abstract state of being together, you usually say "encourage his staying" or similar. "Encourage his company" treats "company" as the entity present. "He is poor company" (Sense 3 - quality of interaction). "He is a company" (Sense 5 - incorrect grammar, usually uncountable noun "company" for visitor, but refers to the person).
    *   Actually, WordNet Sense 5 definition is "a social or business visitor". Note "a" visitor. But the word "company" is a mass noun in this usage ("Company is coming"). WordNet definition "a social... visitor" conceptualizes the sense as "someone who visits".
    *   Let's look at the specific constraint of "encourage his company".
    *   Sentence: "Haney didn't want to encourage his [visitor/presence]."
    *   Often, WordNet distinguishes "company" (state/fellowship - 1:26:00) from "company" (guests/visitors - 1:18:00).
    *   Context: "saddled with a creep for a bar-buddy". "Bar-buddy" emphasizes the role of the person.
    *   Haney doesn't want to encourage the man's presence/role as a companion.
    *   Sense 3 (companionship, fellowship, society): "He enjoyed the society of his friends". "He missed their company."
    *   Sense 5 (caller): "he hadn't expected company".
    *   Let's try to find a definitive distinction.
    *   If I say "I don't like his company", I mean I don't like being with him (Sense 3).
    *   If I say "I have company", I mean I have guests (Sense 5/6).
    *   The sentence is "Haney didn't want to encourage his company".
    *   "Encourage" means to give support or confidence.
    *   To encourage the *state of being together*?
    *   Or to encourage the *visitor*?
    *   Usually, "company" in the sense of "guests" appears in constructions like "have company", "expect company". It functions as a mass noun referring to the set of guests.
    *   "Company" in the sense of "fellowship/presence" appears in "enjoy someone's company", "keep someone company", "miss someone's company".
    *   The phrase "encourage his company" is a variation of "encourage [someone's] presence/interaction".
    *   Let's look at the WordNet examples again.
        *   Sense 3: "he missed their company".
        *   Sense 5: "he hadn't expected company".
    *   The context "encourage his company" seems closer to "encourage the interaction/relationship" (Sense 3) than "encourage the visitor" (Sense 5). "Encourage the visitor" sounds like boosting the visitor's confidence. "Encourage his company" means encouraging the fact that he is there with Haney (the state of companionship).
    *   However, WordNet Sense 5 maps to "caller" (a person).
    *   Let's reconsider Sense 3. Is "company" there just an abstract state? Synonyms: companionship, fellowship. "I don't want to encourage his companionship." This makes perfect sense.
    *   "I don't want to encourage his visitor-hood" (Sense 5) makes less sense.
    *   Wait, let's look at the definition of Sense 3: "the state of being with someone".
    *   Let's look at the definition of Sense 5: "a social or business visitor".
    *   In the sentence, "company" refers to the man. Haney doesn't want to encourage *him*. But "company" is the noun used.
    *   "He is poor company" -> Sense 3 (he is not a good companion).
    *   "I don't want his company" -> This usually means I don't want him to be with me (Sense 3). It can also mean I don't want this visitor (Sense 5).
    *   Let's look at the specific lemma usage in WordNet 3.0/3.1.
    *   Sense 1:18:00 (Sense 5 here) is "guests/visitors".
    *   Sense 1:26:00 (Sense 3 here) is "companionship".
    *   Common linguistic distinction:
        *   "I have company" = Guests (Sense 5).
        *   "I enjoy your company" = Presence/Fellowship (Sense 3).
    *   The phrase "encourage his company" parallels "enjoy his company". "I don't enjoy his company" -> Sense 3. "I don't want to encourage his company" -> I don't want to promote the state of being with him.
    *   If it were Sense 5, it would likely be "didn't want to encourage the company" or used in a context of hosting. Haney is in a bar; Pete is not a guest in Haney's home. They are accidental companions. Pete is not "company" in the "guest" sense (Sense 5), he is a "bar-buddy" (unwanted companion). The relationship is defined by the interaction/presence, not by the formal status of a guest.
    *   Therefore, Sense 3 (companionship/presence) fits the "bar-buddy" dynamic better than Sense 5 (guest/visitor). Sense 5 implies a visitation context (like at a home or office). Sense 3 applies to the general state of being together anywhere.
    *   Haney is saddled with a creep. He doesn't want to encourage the "creep's presence/companionship".
    *   Therefore, Sense 3 is the best fit.

    Let's double check Sense 5 again.
    Synonyms: caller.
    Definition: a social or business visitor.
    Context: A bar. Pete is not a "caller" or "visitor" in the formal sense. He is just a guy who latched onto Haney.
    Sense 3 Synonyms: companionship, fellowship, society.
    Context: "saddled with a creep for a bar-buddy". This is a relationship of companionship (forced/bad).
    Sentence: "didn't want to encourage his [companionship]".
    This fits perfectly.

    Let's check Sense 1 (business). No.
    Sense 2 (military). No.
    Sense 4 (theatrical). No.
    Sense 6 (gathering). No, it's one guy.
    Sense 7 (band of people). No.
    Sense 8 (ship). No.
    Sense 9 (firefighters). No.

    Decision is between 3 and 5.
    Argument for 3: "Bar-buddy" context implies companionship/fellowship (bad quality). "Encourage his company" = Encourage him staying with me/being my companion. Matches "enjoy/miss company" usage.
    Argument for 5: "Company" refers to the person. But the definition "social or business visitor" restricts it to a visitation role (caller). Pete is not a caller; he is an accidental companion in a public space.
    Therefore, Sense 3 covers the meaning of "being with someone" (companionship) which applies to this unwanted partnership in a bar.

    Let's verify Sense 5's "visitor" constraint.
    Example: "the room was a mess because he hadn't expected company".
    Example: "We have company coming for dinner".
    These are clearly guests.
    In the bar scene, Pete is not a guest of Haney. Haney has no obligation to host him, other than social lubrication (buying a drink) to prevent trouble.
    So "company" here means "companionship" / "presence". Haney doesn't want to encourage the man's presence with him.
    "I don't want his company" = "I don't want him with me" (Sense 3).

    Final check.
    Sentence: "Haney didn't want to encourage his company..."
    Substitute: "Haney didn't want to encourage his [companionship/presence]." (Sense 3) -> Works.
    Substitute: "Haney didn't want to encourage his [visitor]." (Sense 5) -> Doesn't really work semantically in a bar setting with a non-guest.

    Conclusion: Sense 3.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: feel
Target surface form: felt
Context:
Was he going to be saddled from now on with a creep for a bar - buddy? He'd have to start going to some of the other places again. In a low voice, almost whispering, the man had asked Phil if he was happy with the way the landlord had been taken off his back. He made the mistake of answering in an offhand way, and instantly realized that his skepticism must have showed in his face or voice. Pete frowned slightly, then became sad and moody. Haney didn't want to encourage his company, but <t>felt</t> he ought to buy him a drink anyhow, to prevent possible trouble. But there was no trouble.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=feel%2:37:00:: | definition=undergo an emotional sensation or be in a particular state of mind | synonyms=experience | examples=She felt resentful; He felt regret
2. sense_key=feel%2:31:00:: | definition=come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds | synonyms=find | examples=I feel that he doesn't like me; I find him to be obnoxious
3. sense_key=feel%2:39:00:: | definition=perceive by a physical sensation, e.g., coming from the skin or muscles | synonyms=sense | examples=He felt the wind; She felt an object brushing her arm
4. sense_key=feel%2:29:00:: | definition=be conscious of a physical, mental, or emotional state | examples=My cold is gone--I feel fine today; She felt tired after the long hike
5. sense_key=feel%2:31:01:: | definition=have a feeling or perception about oneself in reaction to someone's behavior or attitude | examples=She felt small and insignificant; You make me feel naked
6. sense_key=feel%2:39:01:: | definition=undergo passive experience of: | examples=We felt the effects of inflation; her fingers felt their way through the string quartet
7. sense_key=feel%2:42:00:: | definition=be felt or perceived in a certain way | examples=The ground feels shaky; The sheets feel soft
8. sense_key=feel%2:39:10:: | definition=grope or feel in search of something | examples=He felt for his wallet
9. sense_key=feel%2:35:00:: | definition=examine by touch | synonyms=finger | examples=Feel this soft cloth!; The customer fingered the sweater
10. sense_key=feel%2:35:01:: | definition=examine (a body part) by palpation | synonyms=palpate | examples=The nurse palpated the patient's stomach; The runner felt her pulse
11. sense_key=feel%2:40:00:: | definition=find by testing or cautious exploration | examples=He felt his way around the dark room
12. sense_key=feel%2:39:09:: | definition=produce a certain impression | examples=It feels nice to be home again
13. sense_key=feel%2:35:11:: | definition=pass one's hands over the sexual organs of | examples=He felt the girl in the movie theater

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   Sentence: "Haney didn't want to encourage his company, but <t>felt</t> he ought to buy him a drink anyhow, to prevent possible trouble."
    *   Target: "felt"
    *   Subject: Haney.
    *   Object clause: "he ought to buy him a drink anyhow".
    *   Meaning: Haney has an opinion, a sense of obligation, or a judgment about what he should do. It's a cognitive or intuitive process leading to a conclusion (the "ought"). It's not a physical sensation (touching something). It's not an emotional state in itself (like being sad or happy), though it leads to an action based on a judgment. It's closer to "thinking" or "believing" based on the situation.

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1 (feel%2:37:00::):** "undergo an emotional sensation or be in a particular state of mind". Examples: "She felt resentful", "He felt regret".
        *   *Analysis:* The target sentence is "felt he ought to buy him a drink". This is a complement clause structure (felt + that-clause). Sense 1 usually takes an adjective or a noun phrase describing a state ("felt happy", "felt regret"). It doesn't fit the structure "felt [that] he ought to...".

    *   **Sense 2 (feel%2:31:00::):** "come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds". Synonyms: "find". Examples: "I feel that he doesn't like me", "I find him to be obnoxious".
        *   *Analysis:* This fits the structure perfectly ("felt he ought to..."). The definition mentions "come to believe". Haney is arriving at a conclusion or opinion ("he ought to buy him a drink") based on the circumstances (intuition/social obligation). This is a cognitive/opinion usage.

    *   **Sense 3 (feel%2:39:00::):** "perceive by a physical sensation...". Examples: "He felt the wind".
        *   *Analysis:* Incorrect. This is about physical touch.

    *   **Sense 4 (feel%2:29:00::):** "be conscious of a physical, mental, or emotional state". Examples: "I feel fine today", "She felt tired".
        *   *Analysis:* Similar to Sense 1. Describes a state, not a propositional belief/opinion. "Felt he ought to" is not "felt tired".

    *   **Sense 5 (feel%2:31:01::):** "have a feeling or perception about oneself in reaction to someone's behavior...". Examples: "She felt small and insignificant".
        *   *Analysis:* Describes a reaction about oneself, usually an adjective complement. Not fitting the "ought to" clause.

    *   **Sense 6 (feel%2:39:01::):** "undergo passive experience of". Examples: "We felt the effects of inflation".
        *   *Analysis:* This is experiencing an external force or effect. Haney isn't experiencing the "ought to buy a drink" passively; he is forming the opinion.

    *   **Sense 7 (feel%2:42:00::):** "be felt or perceived in a certain way". Examples: "The ground feels shaky".
        *   *Analysis:* Linking verb usage. The subject is the thing being felt. Haney (person) is the subject. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 8 (feel%2:39:10::):** "grope or feel in search of something". Examples: "He felt for his wallet".
        *   *Analysis:* Physical action. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 9 (feel%2:35:00::):** "examine by touch". Examples: "Feel this soft cloth!".
        *   *Analysis:* Physical action. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 10 (feel%2:35:01::):** "examine (a body part) by palpation".
        *   *Analysis:* Medical/physical. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 11 (feel%2:40:00::):** "find by testing or cautious exploration". Examples: "He felt his way around...".
        *   *Analysis:* Metaphorical or physical movement. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 12 (feel%2:39:09::):** "produce a certain impression".
        *   *Analysis:* Linking verb. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 13 (feel%2:35:11::):** "pass one's hands over the sexual organs of".
        *   *Analysis:* Clearly incorrect context.

3.  **Select the Best Sense:**
    *   The usage here is "felt [that] he ought to...". This denotes forming an opinion, belief, or sense of obligation based on intuition or the situation.
    *   Sense 2 ("come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds") maps perfectly to this propositional attitude.
    *   Sense 1 is for emotional states (felt sad).
    *   Sense 4 is for physical/mental states (felt sick).
    *   Sense 2 covers "I feel that..." or "I feel I should...". The context says Haney "felt he ought to buy him a drink". This is a judgment/belief.

4.  **Final Check:**
    *   Context: Haney didn't want to encourage him, *but felt he ought to* buy him a drink.
    *   Contrast: Desire (didn't want) vs. Duty/Judgment (felt he ought to).
    *   "Felt" here means "thought" or "believed" or "had the impression".
    *   Sense 2 definition: "come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds".
    *   Example match: "I feel that he doesn't like me" matches the structure "felt he ought to...".

    Therefore, Sense 2 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: buy
Target surface form: buy
Context:
Was he going to be saddled from now on with a creep for a bar - buddy? He'd have to start going to some of the other places again. In a low voice, almost whispering, the man had asked Phil if he was happy with the way the landlord had been taken off his back. He made the mistake of answering in an offhand way, and instantly realized that his skepticism must have showed in his face or voice. Pete frowned slightly, then became sad and moody. Haney didn't want to encourage his company, but felt he ought to <t>buy</t> him a drink anyhow, to prevent possible trouble. But there was no trouble.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=buy%2:40:00:: | definition=obtain by purchase; acquire by means of a financial transaction | synonyms=purchase | examples=The family purchased a new car; The conglomerate acquired a new company
2. sense_key=buy%2:40:02:: | definition=make illegal payments to in exchange for favors or influence | synonyms=bribe, corrupt, grease one's palms | examples=This judge can be bought
3. sense_key=buy%2:42:00:: | definition=be worth or be capable of buying | examples=This sum will buy you a ride on the train
4. sense_key=buy%2:40:03:: | definition=acquire by trade or sacrifice or exchange | examples=She wanted to buy his love with her dedication to him and his work
5. sense_key=buy%2:31:09:: | definition=accept as true | examples=I can't buy this story

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: `buy`
    *   Target surface form: `buy`
    *   Context sentence: "Haney didn't want to encourage his company, but felt he ought to <t>buy</t> him a drink anyhow, to prevent possible trouble."
    *   Contextual clues: Haney is in a bar. He doesn't really like the other guy ("didn't want to encourage his company"). He wants to avoid trouble. He decides to "buy him a drink". This involves a financial transaction in a bar setting (purchasing a drink for someone).

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `buy%2:40:00::` | Definition: "obtain by purchase; acquire by means of a financial transaction" | Synonyms: purchase | Examples: "The family purchased a new car", "The conglomerate acquired a new company".
        *   *Evaluation:* This fits the scenario perfectly. Haney is going to pay money to get a drink for the other man. While the phrase is "buy someone a drink" (which is a beneficiary construction), the core act is obtaining the drink via a financial transaction.

    *   **Sense 2:** `buy%2:40:02::` | Definition: "make illegal payments to in exchange for favors or influence" | Synonyms: bribe, corrupt | Examples: "This judge can be bought".
        *   *Evaluation:* Haney wants to "prevent possible trouble," which sounds slightly transactional in a social way, but "buying a drink" is a standard social convention in a bar, not a bribe in the corrupt/illegal sense. He isn't bribing him to break the law; he's being polite (or defensively polite). So, this is incorrect.

    *   **Sense 3:** `buy%2:42:00::` | Definition: "be worth or be capable of buying" | Examples: "This sum will buy you a ride on the train".
        *   *Evaluation:* This refers to the value of money, not the action of purchasing. The context involves the action Haney is taking. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 4:** `buy%2:40:03::` | Definition: "acquire by trade or sacrifice or exchange" | Examples: "She wanted to buy his love with her dedication to him and his work".
        *   *Evaluation:* This is a metaphorical sense where money isn't necessarily involved, or the cost is something abstract like dedication. In the context, Haney is buying a physical drink in a bar. While he hopes to "buy" peace/prevent trouble, the immediate object of the verb is "a drink," which involves a standard purchase. Sense 1 covers the standard purchase of goods/services. Sense 4 is usually reserved for non-monetary acquisition or metaphorical trade. Buying a drink falls under Sense 1.

    *   **Sense 5:** `buy%2:31:09::` | Definition: "accept as true" | Examples: "I can't buy this story".
        *   *Evaluation:* This is the "believe" sense. Haney is not believing a drink. He is purchasing it. Incorrect.

3.  **Select the best sense:**
    *   Sense 1 is the standard definition of purchasing an item (a drink) using money. The construction "buy [someone] [something]" is a variation of the primary sense involving a beneficiary, but it still relies on the core meaning of obtaining by purchase.

4.  **Format the output:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object: `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   Sense 1 corresponds to index 1.

    Let me double-check Sense 1 vs Sense 4.
    Sense 1: "obtain by purchase".
    Sense 4: "acquire by trade or sacrifice or exchange".
    Example for Sense 4: "buy his love".
    Context: "buy him a drink".
    Buying a drink at a bar is a financial transaction. Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

provider: StreamLake