[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: service
Target surface form: service
Context:
It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend <t>service</t> he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=service%1:04:08:: | definition=work done by one person or group that benefits another | examples=budget separately for goods and services
2. sense_key=service%1:04:00:: | definition=an act of help or assistance | examples=he did them a service
3. sense_key=service%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of public worship following prescribed rules | synonyms=religious service, divine service | examples=the Sunday service
4. sense_key=service%1:14:05:: | definition=a company or agency that performs a public service; subject to government regulation
5. sense_key=service%1:04:07:: | definition=employment in or work for another | examples=he retired after 30 years of service
6. sense_key=service%1:14:00:: | definition=a force that is a branch of the armed forces | synonyms=military service, armed service
7. sense_key=service%1:18:00:: | definition=Canadian writer (born in England) who wrote about life in the Yukon Territory (1874-1958) | synonyms=Robert William Service
8. sense_key=service%1:07:00:: | definition=a means of serving | synonyms=avail, help | examples=of no avail; there's no help for it
9. sense_key=service%1:06:00:: | definition=tableware consisting of a complete set of articles (silver or dishware) for use at table | synonyms=table service
10. sense_key=service%1:04:03:: | definition=the act of mating by male animals | synonyms=servicing | examples=the bull was worth good money in servicing fees
11. sense_key=service%1:04:09:: | definition=(law) the acts performed by an English feudal tenant for the benefit of his lord which formed the consideration for the property granted to him
12. sense_key=service%1:04:02:: | definition=(sports) a stroke that puts the ball in play | synonyms=serve | examples=his powerful serves won the game
13. sense_key=service%1:04:04:: | definition=the act of delivering a writ or summons upon someone | synonyms=serving, service of process | examples=he accepted service of the subpoena
14. sense_key=service%1:04:05:: | definition=periodic maintenance on a car or machine | synonyms=overhaul, inspection and repair | examples=it was time for an overhaul on the tractor
15. sense_key=service%1:04:06:: | definition=the performance of duties by a waiter or servant | examples=that restaurant has excellent service

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target:**
    *   Target lemma: service
    *   Target surface form: service
    *   Context: "Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend <t>service</t> he sacked the entire band..."

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The text discusses church bell ringers (ringers).
    *   It mentions "the Church of England", "vicars", "worship", "attend services".
    *   The specific phrase is "attend <t>service</t>" (singular) or "attend services" (plural in the preceding sentence).
    *   The ringers are being asked to go to church events involving worship.
    *   The specific target instance is "didn't attend <t>service</t>". This refers to the act of going to a religious ceremony.

3.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses:**
    *   *Sense 1: work done by one person or group...* (Commercial sense). Incorrect. The context is religious.
    *   *Sense 2: an act of help or assistance.* Incorrect. Not a favor being done here.
    *   *Sense 3: the act of public worship following prescribed rules. Synonyms: religious service, divine service. Examples: the Sunday service.* This fits perfectly. The vicar wants them to attend the religious ceremony.
    *   *Sense 4: a company or agency...* Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 5: employment...* Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 6: military branch...* Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 7: Robert William Service (author).* Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 8: a means of serving (avail/help).* Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 9: tableware.* Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 10: mating by male animals.* Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 11: feudal tenant duties.* Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 12: sports stroke.* Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 13: legal delivery of writ.* Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 14: car maintenance.* Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 15: waiter/servant duties.* Incorrect.

4.  **Refine the Choice:**
    *   The context explicitly mentions "worship", "clerics", "vicars", "Church of England".
    *   The phrase "attend service" is a standard collocation referring to attending a religious ceremony.
    *   Sense 3 defines this exact usage: "the act of public worship following prescribed rules". The example "the Sunday service" aligns with the context of ringers attending church events on Sundays or other holy days.

5.  **Final Selection:** Sense 3.

6.  **Formatting Output:**
    *   The instructions ask for a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   The chosen sense is index 3.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sack
Target surface form: sacked
Context:
It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he <t>sacked</t> the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sack%2:40:00:: | definition=plunder (a town) after capture | synonyms=plunder | examples=the barbarians sacked Rome
2. sense_key=sack%2:41:00:: | definition=terminate the employment of; discharge from an office or position | synonyms=displace, fire, give notice, can, dismiss, give the axe | examples=The boss fired his secretary today; The company terminated 25% of its workers
3. sense_key=sack%2:40:01:: | definition=make as a net profit | synonyms=net, sack up, clear | examples=The company cleared $1 million
4. sense_key=sack%2:35:00:: | definition=put in a sack | examples=The grocer sacked the onions

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Word:**
    *   Target lemma: "sack"
    *   Target surface form: "sacked"
    *   Context: A vicar (Jeremy Hummerstone) got fed up with ringers (bell ringers) who didn't attend services, so he "sacked" the entire band.

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The subject is "the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar..." (an authority figure/employer in this context).
    *   The object is "the entire band" (the group of bell ringers).
    *   The cause was that the ringers didn't attend service.
    *   The result was the ringers set up a picket line (a protest often associated with labor disputes or firing).
    *   Meaning: The vicar removed them from their positions/roles as bell ringers.

3.  **Analyze Candidate Senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** plunder (a town) after capture. Examples: "the barbarians sacked Rome".
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect. No pillaging or plundering involved.
    *   **Sense 2:** terminate the employment of; discharge from an office or position. Synonyms: displace, fire, give notice, can, dismiss. Examples: "The boss fired his secretary today".
        *   *Fit:* This matches perfectly. The vicar "fired" or "dismissed" the bell ringers from their voluntary or employed positions.
    *   **Sense 3:** make as a net profit. Synonyms: net, clear.
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect. No financial profit context.
    *   **Sense 4:** put in a sack.
        *   *Fit:* Incorrect. No physical bag or container involved.

4.  **Select Best Sense:**
    *   Sense 2 describes the action of terminating someone's position. The context of a vicar removing ringers who refuse to comply with rules (attending services) aligns exactly with "discharge from an office or position".

5.  **Format Output:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object: `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   Sense 2 is the target.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Venice

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: entire
Target surface form: entire
Context:
It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the <t>entire</t> band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=entire%5:00:01:whole:00 | definition=constituting the full quantity or extent; complete | synonyms=full, total | examples=an entire town devastated by an earthquake; gave full attention
2. sense_key=entire%5:00:02:whole:00 | definition=constituting the undiminished entirety; lacking nothing essential especially not damaged; - Bacon | synonyms=integral, intact | examples=a local motion keepeth bodies integral; was able to keep the collection entire during his lifetime
3. sense_key=entire%5:00:00:smooth:02 | definition=(of leaves or petals) having a smooth edge; not broken up into teeth or lobes
4. sense_key=entire%5:00:00:uncastrated:00 | definition=(used of domestic animals) sexually competent | synonyms=intact | examples=an entire horse

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "entire" in the phrase "sacked the entire band." Let me analyze the context and candidate senses.

Context: The reverend sacked the entire band of bell ringers because they didn't attend services.

The phrase "the entire band" means the whole band, the complete band - all members of the band.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=entire%5:00:01:whole:00 | definition=constituting the full quantity or extent; complete | synonyms=full, total | examples=an entire town devastated by an earthquake; gave full attention

This sense means "complete" or "full quantity" - referring to the whole of something. The example "an entire town" shows this meaning clearly - not just part of a town, but the whole town.

2. sense_key=entire%5:00:02:whole:00 | definition=constituting the undiminished entirety; lacking nothing essential especially not damaged | synonyms=integral, intact | examples=a local motion keepeth bodies integral; was able to keep the collection entire during his lifetime

This sense emphasizes something being undiminished, not damaged, intact. The example about keeping a collection entire suggests preserving something in its complete state.

3. sense_key=entire%5:00:00:smooth:02 | definition=(of leaves or petals) having a smooth edge; not broken up into teeth or lobes

This is a botanical sense referring to leaves/petals - not applicable here.

4. sense_key=entire%5:00:00:uncastrated:00 | definition=(used of domestic animals) sexually competent | synonyms=intact | examples=an entire horse

This refers to animals - not applicable here.

The context clearly shows that "entire band" means the complete/whole band - all members. This fits best with sense 1, which refers to constituting the full quantity or extent, being complete. The example "an entire town devastated by an earthquake" is similar to "an entire band" - both refer to the complete set of something (a town's population/area, a band's members).

Sense 2 is more about something being preserved intact/undamaged, which doesn't quite fit this context. The reverend didn't fire an "undiminished" band or an "intact" band - he fired the whole band, every member of it.

Therefore, sense 1 is the best fit.

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: ringer
Target surface form: ringers
Context:
It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the <t>ringers</t> promptly set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ringer%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation) | synonyms=toller, bell ringer
2. sense_key=ringer%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who is almost identical to another | synonyms=dead ringer, clone
3. sense_key=ringer%1:18:00:: | definition=a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses
4. sense_key=ringer%1:04:00:: | definition=(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context**:
    *   Target lemma: `ringer`
    *   Target surface form: `ringers`
    *   Context snippet: "It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed... ringers often skip off to the local pub..."
    *   Key clues:
        *   "stays in the tower" / "belfry" -> bells are in towers/belfries.
        *   "summoning the congregation" (implied by the conflict with vicars/services).
        *   "When their changes are completed" -> "Changes" refers to "change ringing," a specific style of ringing church bells.
        *   "Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone... sacked the entire band" -> A "band" of ringers is a common collective noun for a group of bell ringers.
        *   "treated the tower as sort of a separate premises" -> They ring the bells in the tower.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses**:
    *   Sense 1: `ringer%1:18:02::` | definition=a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation) | synonyms=toller, bell ringer.
    *   Sense 2: `ringer%1:18:01::` | definition=a person who is almost identical to another | synonyms=dead ringer, clone.
    *   Sense 3: `ringer%1:18:00::` | definition=a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses.
    *   Sense 4: `ringer%1:04:00::` | definition=(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg.

3.  **Match context to senses**:
    *   Does the context talk about someone looking like someone else (Sense 2)? No.
    *   Does it talk about a fake contestant (Sense 3)? No.
    *   Does it talk about horseshoes (Sense 4)? No.
    *   Does it talk about people ringing church bells (Sense 1)? Yes. The mention of "tower", "belfry", "changes" (change ringing), "vicar", "church", and "services" confirms this is about bell ringers.

4.  **Determine the correct index**:
    *   Sense 1 matches perfectly.

5.  **Format the output**:
    *   The user requested a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   The correct index is 1.

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: promptly
Target surface form: promptly
Context:
It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers <t>promptly</t> set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=promptly%4:02:02:: | definition=with little or no delay | synonyms=quickly, quick | examples=the rescue squad arrived promptly; come here, quick!
2. sense_key=promptly%4:02:00:: | definition=in a punctual manner | synonyms=readily, pronto | examples=he did his homework promptly
3. sense_key=promptly%4:02:01:: | definition=at once (usually modifies an undesirable occurrence) | synonyms=right away | examples=he promptly forgot the address

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: `promptly`
    *   Context snippet: "...the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers **promptly** set up a picket line in protest."
    *   Event timeline/sequence: The vicar sacks the ringers -> The ringers *promptly* set up a picket line.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:**
        *   Definition: with little or no delay
        *   Synonyms: quickly, quick
        *   Examples: "the rescue squad arrived promptly"; "come here, quick!"
        *   Focus: Speed, short duration of time between cause and effect.

    *   **Sense 2:**
        *   Definition: in a punctual manner
        *   Synonyms: readily, pronto
        *   Examples: "he did his homework promptly"
        *   Focus: Punctuality, doing something when expected or scheduled.

    *   **Sense 3:**
        *   Definition: at once (usually modifies an undesirable occurrence)
        *   Synonyms: right away
        *   Examples: "he promptly forgot the address"
        *   Focus: Immediacy, often associated with a negative or ironic outcome (though the "undesirable" aspect is a tendency, not a hard rule).

3.  **Evaluate Sense Fit:**

    *   *Sense 2 (Punctual manner):* Does the context imply the ringers had a scheduled time to set up a picket line, and they did it on time? No. This isn't about meeting a deadline. It's about the reaction to the sacking.

    *   *Sense 3 (At once/undesirable):* This sense often captures the "as soon as X happened, Y happened" immediacy, sometimes with a nuance of swiftness that might be surprising or negative (like "he promptly forgot"). In this context, the ringers set up a picket line immediately after being sacked. Is the occurrence "undesirable"? From the vicar's perspective, yes (protest). From the ringers', maybe not. The core meaning here is "immediately following the event".

    *   *Sense 1 (With little or no delay):* This focuses on speed. The ringers didn't wait around; they acted immediately.

    *   *Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 3:*
        *   WordNet 3.1 (and other versions) distinguish these.
        *   Sense 1 examples: "rescue squad arrived promptly". This is about speed of arrival.
        *   Sense 3 examples: "he promptly forgot the address". This is about immediacy of consequence.
        *   The context sentence: "the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest."
        *   Is this just speed? Or is it "immediately/at once"?
        *   Looking at the definitions again.
        *   Sense 1: "with little or no delay". Synonyms: quickly.
        *   Sense 3: "at once". Synonyms: right away.

        *   Let's look at the specific usage in the text. The sacking happened, and the *immediate* reaction was the picket line. The usage highlights the directness of the consequence. The ringers didn't deliberate for days; they did it right away.
        *   Sense 3's note "usually modifies an undesirable occurrence" fits the narrative arc (the sacking caused the protest/picket). However, usually, standard WSD tasks treat the "immediate reaction" sense as Sense 1 (speed/little delay) or Sense 3 (immediacy).
        *   Let's check the Princeton WordNet definitions specifically.
            *   00044806 r: promptly, quickly, quick -- (with little or no delay; "the rescue squad arrived quickly"; "he came quickly to my aid")
            *   00378009 r: promptly, readily, pronto -- (in a punctual manner; "he did his homework promptly")
            *   00378162 r: promptly, right away -- (at once (usually modifies an undesirable occurrence); "he promptly forgot the address")

        *   Analysis of the "undesirable" tag: In the text, the ringers setting up a picket line is an act of protest against the sacking. It is an immediate reaction. Does "promptly" here mean "quickly" (speed of action) or "immediately" (temporal relation)?
        *   "The ringers promptly set up a picket line." They did it right away.
        *   Sense 1 examples are physical movement (arrived, come here).
        *   Sense 3 examples are cognitive or behavioral reactions (forgot the address).
        *   Setting up a picket line is an action, but it functions here as a reaction sequence.
        *   Let's look at the synonyms provided in the prompt options.
            *   Option 1: quickly, quick.
            *   Option 3: right away.
        *   "The ringers *right away* set up a picket line" fits very well.
        *   "The ringers *quickly* set up a picket line" fits, but implies the speed of the construction work, whereas "right away" implies the immediacy of the decision to protest. The context emphasizes the *reaction* to the sacking. The vicar sacked them, and boom, picket line. This fits "at once".
        *   Also, Sense 3's annotation "(usually modifies an undesirable occurrence)". Is a picket line undesirable? Generally, yes, or at least confrontational. The prompt text describes a conflict. The sacking was the trigger; the picket line was the swift, immediate consequence. The "undesirable" nuance often refers to the irony or swiftness of a bad result (like promptly falling, promptly forgetting). Here, the protest is the result.
        *   However, Sense 1 "with little or no delay" is the broader definition. If we strictly follow the examples: Sense 1 is arrival/movement. Sense 3 is forgetting/bad things.
        *   Let's re-evaluate the "undesirable" aspect. The text says: "the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest."
        *   Is it Sense 1? Speed. "They didn't wait."
        *   Is it Sense 3? Immediacy. "They did it right then."
        *   Usually, "promptly" in narrative transitions ("X happened, then Y happened promptly") leans towards "immediately" (Sense 3 or Sense 1 depending on the version).
        *   Let's compare the examples given in the prompt closely.
            *   Sense 1: "rescue squad arrived promptly". Focus on speed of travel.
            *   Sense 3: "he promptly forgot the address". Focus on the *result* occurring immediately after the *cause* (presumably being told or trying to memorize).
        *   The context sentence: "he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line."
        *   This is a cause-effect sequence. The immediacy of the reaction is key.
        *   "Right away" (Sense 3 synonym) captures this temporal immediacy better than "quickly" (Sense 1 synonym), which might suggest they assembled the picket line in 5 minutes flat (speed of assembly) rather than they did it immediately after the sacking (temporal gap).
        *   Contextually, the ringers "skipping off to the pub" earlier suggests a lack of delay/reluctance. Here, they don't delay in protesting.
        *   Let's look at the "undesirable" tag in Sense 3. A picket line is a negative/conflict event.
        *   There is a subtle distinction in WordNet between the physical speed (Sense 1) and the narrative immediacy of a consequence (Sense 3).
        *   "The rescue squad arrived promptly" -> Sense 1.
        *   "He was fired; he promptly sued." -> This structure matches Sense 3 (at once, usually undesirable/harsh consequence).
        *   "He sacked the band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line." This matches the "He was fired; he promptly sued" structure.
        *   Therefore, Sense 3 seems the most appropriate fit for the narrative function of "promptly" here (immediate consequence).

    *   Let's double check Sense 1. "With little or no delay".
        *   Synonyms: quickly.
        *   Does "The ringers quickly set up a picket line" sound right? Yes.
        *   Does "The ringers right away set up a picket line" sound right? Yes.
        *   However, the specific definition "at once (usually modifies an undesirable occurrence)" for Sense 3 is very distinctive. A picket line is a form of conflict/protest. The vicar sacking them was an act of authority; the immediate picket line was the negative/immediate consequence. The "undesirable" tag is a heuristic for "negative outcome" or "ironic swiftness".
        *   Many WSD systems map this narrative "immediately" to Sense 3 when it follows a trigger event. Sense 1 is usually for the speed of the action itself (arriving quickly). Sense 3 is for the immediacy of the event occurring.
        *   "The rescue squad arrived promptly" = The travel took little time. (Sense 1)
        *   "He promptly forgot" = The forgetting happened at once. (Sense 3)
        *   "They promptly set up a picket line" = The setting up happened at once. (Sense 3). The focus is not on how fast they hammered the signs, but that they did it immediately in response to the sacking.

    *   Decision: Sense 3 captures the "immediate consequence" aspect better than Sense 1, and fits the specific definition structure "at once". The "undesirable" parenthetical is a common classifier for this specific WordNet synset (00378162), often used for things like "promptly resigned", "promptly fired back", "promptly forgot". A picket line protest fits this category of immediate, reactive action.

4.  **Final Verification:**
    *   Sense 1: quickly. Focus on speed. (Arrival).
    *   Sense 2: punctually. Focus on schedule. (Homework).
    *   Sense 3: at once / right away. Focus on immediate consequence, often negative/conflict. (Forgot, or here, Protest).
    *   The context "he sacked...; the ringers promptly set up..." implies "at once".
    *   Selection: Sense 3.

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: protest
Target surface form: protest
Context:
It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in <t>protest</t>. "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=protest%1:10:00:: | definition=a formal and solemn declaration of objection | synonyms=protestation | examples=they finished the game under protest to the league president; the senator rose to register his protest
2. sense_key=protest%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of protesting; a public (often organized) manifestation of dissent | synonyms=objection, dissent
3. sense_key=protest%1:10:01:: | definition=the act of making a strong public expression of disagreement and disapproval | examples=he shouted his protests at the umpire; a shower of protest was heard from the rear of the hall

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   **Situation:** A vicar (Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone) fired a group of bell ringers because they didn't attend church services. The ringers responded by setting up a "picket line" in protest.
    *   **Key phrase:** "...the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest."
    *   **Nature of the "protest":** It involves a "picket line." A picket line is a physical, public demonstration where people stand outside a place (workplace, church, etc.) to express dissent or objection, usually holding signs or trying to prevent others from entering.

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1 (protest%1:10:00::):**
        *   *Definition:* a formal and solemn declaration of objection.
        *   *Synonyms:* protestation.
        *   *Examples:* "they finished the game under protest", "the senator rose to register his protest".
        *   *Fit:* This sense implies a formal statement or declaration (often written or spoken in a formal setting). While the ringers are objecting, "setting up a picket line" is an *action* and an *event*, not just a formal declaration. It doesn't fit the "solemn declaration" aspect as well as the physical manifestation aspect.

    *   **Sense 2 (protest%1:04:00::):**
        *   *Definition:* the act of protesting; a public (often organized) manifestation of dissent.
        *   *Synonyms:* objection, dissent.
        *   *Examples:* (None provided in the prompt, but standard WordNet examples usually involve demonstrations).
        *   *Fit:* A picket line is a classic example of a "public (often organized) manifestation of dissent." It is an act/event rather than a specific declaration. The context describes a physical, organized action taken by a group (the ringers) to show their disagreement with the firing.

    *   **Sense 3 (protest%1:10:01::):**
        *   *Definition:* the act of making a strong public expression of disagreement and disapproval.
        *   *Examples:* "he shouted his protests at the umpire", "a shower of protest was heard from the rear of the hall".
        *   *Fit:* This sense focuses on the *expression* (often verbal or shouting). The examples emphasize vocal outbursts ("shouted", "heard"). While a picket line involves expression, Sense 2's "manifestation of dissent" (often organized) captures the nature of a picket line much better than Sense 3's focus on "shouting" or vocal expression. Sense 3 feels more like an utterance or verbal act.

3.  **Compare Sense 2 vs. Sense 3:**
    *   Sense 2 is defined as "public (often organized) manifestation of dissent". A picket line is an organized public demonstration.
    *   Sense 3 is defined as "making a strong public expression...". Examples are shouting at an umpire.
    *   The specific action of setting up a "picket line" aligns perfectly with the concept of an organized public manifestation (Sense 2). It is a demonstration.

4.  **Re-evaluating Sense 1:**
    *   Sense 1 is "formal and solemn declaration". Sometimes "protest" refers to a legal or formal objection (like finishing a game under protest). This is not what is happening here. The ringers are physically standing outside.

5.  **Conclusion:**
    *   The context describes a picket line. A picket line is a public demonstration or manifestation of dissent.
    *   Sense 2 defines protest as a public (often organized) manifestation of dissent.
    *   Therefore, Sense 2 is the best fit.

    *Self-Correction/Double Check:* In some WordNet versions, the distinction between "protest" (the act of protesting/demonstrating) and "protest" (a specific declaration) is key. Here, the group action matches the "demonstration" sense.
    Sense 2 corresponds to `protest.n.02` in standard WordNet 3.0/3.1 hierarchies (often grouped under `demonstration`).
    Sense 3 corresponds to `protest.n.03` in standard hierarchies (often grouped under `expression`, `verbal expression`).
    The action is physical and organized (picket line). Thus, Sense 2 is correct.

    Let's check the index.
    Sense 1: `protest%1:10:00::` -> "formal and solemn declaration"
    Sense 2: `protest%1:04:00::` -> "public (often organized) manifestation of dissent"
    Sense 3: `protest%1:10:01::` -> "act of making a strong public expression"

    The indices in the prompt are:
    1. `protest%1:10:00::`
    2. `protest%1:04:00::`
    3. `protest%1:10:01::`

    The best fit is Sense 2.

    Wait, let me look closely at the synonyms provided in the prompt for Sense 2.
    Sense 2 synonyms: objection, dissent.
    Sense 1 synonyms: protestation.
    Sense 3 examples: "shouted his protests".

    Actually, looking at standard WordNet:
    S: (n) protest, objection, dissent (the act of protesting; a public (often organized) manifestation of dissent)
    S: (n) protest, protestation (a formal and solemn declaration of objection)
    S: (n) protest (the act of making a strong public expression of disagreement and disapproval)

    My analysis holds. A picket line is a manifestation of dissent.
    Result: Sense 2.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: club
Target surface form: club
Context:
More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating <t>club</t> that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says. An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=club%1:14:01:: | definition=a team of professional baseball players who play and travel together | synonyms=baseball club, ball club, nine | examples=each club played six home games with teams in its own division
2. sense_key=club%1:14:00:: | definition=a formal association of people with similar interests | synonyms=social club, society, guild, gild, lodge, order | examples=he joined a golf club; they formed a small lunch society
3. sense_key=club%1:06:00:: | definition=stout stick that is larger at one end | examples=he carried a club in self defense; he felt as if he had been hit with a club
4. sense_key=club%1:06:02:: | definition=a building that is occupied by a social club | synonyms=clubhouse | examples=the clubhouse needed a new roof
5. sense_key=club%1:06:01:: | definition=golf equipment used by a golfer to hit a golf ball | synonyms=golf club
6. sense_key=club%1:06:03:: | definition=a playing card in the minor suit that has one or more black trefoils on it | examples=he led a small club; clubs were trumps
7. sense_key=club%1:06:04:: | definition=a spot that is open late at night and that provides entertainment (as singers or dancers) as well as dancing and food and drink | synonyms=cabaret, nightclub, nightspot | examples=don't expect a good meal at a cabaret; the gossip columnist got his information by visiting nightclubs every night

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target lemma and form:**
    *   Lemma: club
    *   Surface form: club
    *   Context sentence: "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises," the Vicar Hummerstone says.

2.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   The broader context describes a group of bell ringers ("ringers") who are part of a church but don't attend services.
    *   The specific sentence refers to them as a "self-perpetuating club".
    *   This "club" treats the tower (belfry) as separate from the church.
    *   The ringers are a group of people with a shared interest (bell ringing) who seem to have formed an exclusive group.
    *   It implies a social grouping or association of people, rather than a physical object, a card, a building, or a baseball team.

3.  **Evaluate the candidate senses:**

    *   *Sense 1 (Baseball team):* The context mentions a "band" of ringers, but this is about bell ringing in a church, not professional baseball. Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 2 (Formal association of people with similar interests):* The text describes the ringers as a group that controls membership ("self-perpetuating") and treats the tower as their domain. They are an association of people with similar interests (bell ringing). The negative connotation of exclusivity fits this definition of a social group or clique. This seems correct.
    *   *Sense 3 (Stout stick):* No physical weapon or stick is implied. Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 4 (Building occupied by a social club):* The text says "treated the tower as sort of a separate premises". The *club* is the group of people ("They were a... club"), not the building itself. They are *in* the tower, but the club is the people. Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 5 (Golf equipment):* No golf context. Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 6 (Playing card):* No card game context. Incorrect.
    *   *Sense 7 (Nightclub):* No entertainment venue context. Incorrect.

4.  **Confirm the best match:**
    *   The phrase "self-perpetuating club" refers to the group of people (the ringers) who act as an exclusive association.
    *   Sense 2 definition: "a formal association of people with similar interests". While this group might not be formally incorporated, they function as a society or clique (synonyms listed: social club, society, lodge).
    *   The usage here is metaphorical or sociological, describing the group dynamics. "They were a... club". "They" refers to the ringers.
    *   Sense 2 is the clear choice.

5.  **Format the output:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object: `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   The chosen sense corresponds to index 2 (based on the numbered list provided in the prompt). Note: The prompt numbers them 1 through 7.
    *   Wait, let me double-check the indexing in the prompt instructions vs the candidate senses list.
    *   Candidate senses list:
        1. sense_key=club%1:14:01:: (Baseball)
        2. sense_key=club%1:14:00:: (Association)
        3. sense_key=club%1:06:00:: (Stick)
        4. sense_key=club%1:06:02:: (Building)
        5. sense_key=club%1:06:01:: (Golf)
        6. sense_key=club%1:06:03:: (Card)
        7. sense_key=club%1:06:04:: (Nightclub)
    *   The correct definition is sense 2. Therefore, the value should be 2.

    *   Let's re-read the specific sentence to ensure it isn't referring to a building. "They were a self-perpetuating club..." "They" refers to the ringers (people). Therefore, it is the association of people sense.

    *   Result: sense_index 2.

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: treat
Target surface form: treated
Context:
More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating club that <t>treated</t> the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says. An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=treat%2:41:00:: | definition=interact in a certain way | synonyms=handle, do by | examples=Do right by her; Treat him with caution, please
2. sense_key=treat%2:30:01:: | definition=subject to a process or treatment, with the aim of readying for some purpose, improving, or remedying a condition | synonyms=process | examples=process cheese; process hair
3. sense_key=treat%2:29:00:: | definition=provide treatment for | synonyms=care for | examples=The doctor treated my broken leg; The nurses cared for the bomb victims
4. sense_key=treat%2:32:00:: | definition=act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression | synonyms=cover, handle, plow, deal, address | examples=This book deals with incest; The course covered all of Western Civilization
5. sense_key=treat%2:40:00:: | definition=provide with a gift or entertainment | examples=Grandmother always treated us to the circus; I like to treat myself to a day at a spa when I am depressed
6. sense_key=treat%2:34:00:: | definition=provide with choice or abundant food or drink | synonyms=regale | examples=Don't worry about the expensive wine--I'm treating; She treated her houseguests with good food every night
7. sense_key=treat%2:32:03:: | definition=engage in negotiations in order to reach an agreement | examples=they had to treat with the King
8. sense_key=treat%2:31:00:: | definition=regard or consider in a specific way | examples=I treated his advances as a joke

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   Sentence: "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises..."
    *   Target word: "treated" (past tense of "treat").
    *   Object: "the tower".
    *   Complement: "as sort of a separate premises".
    *   Meaning: The ringers viewed, used, or regarded the tower in a specific manner (as separate from the church). They behaved towards it as if it were independent.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `interact in a certain way` (synonyms: handle, do by). Examples: "Treat him with caution."
        *   *Fit:* This is a general sense of behavior towards someone/something. However, the structure "treat X as Y" (regard/consider) is slightly different from just "interacting in a certain way" (behavioral action).

    *   **Sense 2:** `subject to a process or treatment...` (synonyms: process).
        *   *Fit:* No. This is industrial processing (treat wood, treat hair).

    *   **Sense 3:** `provide treatment for` (synonyms: care for).
        *   *Fit:* No. Medical context.

    *   **Sense 4:** `act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression` (synonyms: cover, handle, deal, address).
        *   *Fit:* No. This is about topics/subjects (books dealing with incest).

    *   **Sense 5:** `provide with a gift or entertainment`.
        *   *Fit:* No. Paying for someone.

    *   **Sense 6:** `provide with choice or abundant food or drink`.
        *   *Fit:* No. Food/drink context.

    *   **Sense 7:** `engage in negotiations...`.
        *   *Fit:* No. Diplomatic context.

    *   **Sense 8:** `regard or consider in a specific way`. Examples: "I treated his advances as a joke."
        *   *Fit:* This captures the construction "treat X as Y". The ringers regarded the tower as a separate premises. It implies a mental classification or attitude that drives behavior, but specifically fits the "regard as" schema.

3.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 8:**
    *   Sense 1 is "interact in a certain way" (behavioral).
    *   Sense 8 is "regard or consider in a specific way" (cognitive/attitudinal).
    *   The sentence says: "treated the tower as sort of a separate premises".
    *   While there is an interaction aspect (they used the tower), the phrase "treated... as..." strongly aligns with the definition of Sense 8 ("regard or consider").
    *   Let's look at the example for Sense 8: "I treated his advances as a joke." This syntactic frame (treat + object + as + complement) matches the target sentence perfectly.
    *   Let's look at the example for Sense 1: "Treat him with caution." This is usually "treat + object + adverbial/prepositional phrase indicating manner."
    *   The ringers' action of treating the tower "as a separate premises" is fundamentally about how they *regarded* it, which dictated their behavior. Sense 8 is the specific WordNet sense for "regard/consider". Sense 1 is for "handling/behaving towards".
    *   Often, Sense 1 covers the behavioral aspect, while Sense 8 covers the cognitive aspect. "Treating X as Y" is the classic definition for Sense 8 (regard/consider).
    *   Checking WordNet hierarchy: Sense 8 (treat%2:31:00::) maps to `consider`, `reckon`, `view`, `regard`. This fits the semantic meaning of "viewing the tower as separate".

4.  **Conclusion:**
    *   The context describes a mental attitude or classification ("regard... as").
    *   The structure "treated ... as ..." matches Sense 8.
    *   Sense 1 is physical/behavioral interaction (treat gently, treat well).
    *   Therefore, Sense 8 is the correct choice.

    *   *Self-Correction/Refinement:* Is it possible Sense 1 fits? "They handled the tower as a separate premises." It sounds clunky. Sense 8 "They regarded the tower as a separate premises." This sounds semantically identical to the target. The "as" complement is key here.

5.  **Final Selection:** Sense 8.

    Index mapping:
    1 -> treat%2:41:00::
    2 -> treat%2:30:01::
    3 -> treat%2:29:00::
    4 -> treat%2:32:00::
    5 -> treat%2:40:00::
    6 -> treat%2:34:00::
    7 -> treat%2:32:03::
    8 -> treat%2:31:00::

    The best sense is sense_index 8.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: tower
Target surface form: tower
Context:
More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the <t>tower</t> as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says. An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=tower%1:06:00:: | definition=a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building
2. sense_key=tower%1:25:00:: | definition=anything that approximates the shape of a column or tower | synonyms=column, pillar | examples=the test tube held a column of white powder; a tower of dust rose above the horizon
3. sense_key=tower%1:06:01:: | definition=a powerful small boat designed to pull or push larger ships | synonyms=tugboat, tug, towboat

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Lemma and Surface Form:** The target lemma is "tower" and the surface form is "tower" (noun).

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The context discusses "ringers" (bell ringers), the "belfry," the "church," and "worship."
    *   The specific sentence is: "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises..."
    *   The broader context mentions a vicar, the Church of England, services, and bell ringing.
    *   In this setting, "tower" refers to the church tower where the bells are located (the belfry). It is a physical structure attached to the church building.

3.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**
    *   *Sense 1 (tower%1:06:00::):* "a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building".
        *   This fits perfectly. A church tower is a structure taller than its diameter, attached to the church. It houses the belfry. The context explicitly mentions "belfry" earlier.
    *   *Sense 2 (tower%1:25:00::):* "anything that approximates the shape of a column or tower".
        *   This is metaphorical (tower of dust, column of powder). The context refers to a physical building/premises where people ring bells, not a shape.
    *   *Sense 3 (tower%1:06:01::):* "a powerful small boat designed to pull or push larger ships".
        *   This is a nautical meaning. The context is ecclesiastical/religious, dealing with a church building.

4.  **Determine the Best Match:**
    *   Sense 1 refers to the architectural structure.
    *   Sense 2 refers to a shape.
    *   Sense 3 refers to a boat.
    *   The text refers to the physical location of the bells within a church, i.e., the church tower. It is a structure attached to a larger building (the church).
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

5.  **Format Output:**
    *   The instructions ask for a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   The chosen index is 1.

    *Self-Correction/Verification:* Is there any ambiguity? Could "tower" refer to something else in campanology (bell ringing)? No, it refers to the physical tower holding the bells. Is Sense 1 distinct enough? Yes, Sense 1 covers the architectural definition. Sense 3 is completely unrelated. Sense 2 is shape-based. Sense 1 is the only structural definition.

    Result: Sense1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sort
Target surface form: sort
Context:
More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as <t>sort</t> of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says. An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sort%1:09:00:: | definition=a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality | synonyms=kind, form, variety | examples=sculpture is a form of art; what kinds of desserts are there?
2. sense_key=sort%1:07:00:: | definition=an approximate definition or example | examples=she wore a sort of magenta dress; she served a creamy sort of dessert thing
3. sense_key=sort%1:18:00:: | definition=a person of a particular character or nature | examples=what sort of person is he?; he's a good sort
4. sense_key=sort%1:22:00:: | definition=an operation that segregates items into groups according to a specified criterion | synonyms=sorting | examples=the bottleneck in mail delivery is the process of sorting

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   Sentence: "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as <t>sort</t> of a separate premises," the Vicar Hummerstone says.
    *   The phrase is "sort of a separate premises".
    *   The usage here is "sort of [noun phrase]".
    *   Let's look at the meaning. Does it mean a specific category (Sense 1)? Does it mean an approximate definition (Sense 2)? Does it mean a person (Sense 3)? Does it mean an operation (Sense 4)?
    *   In the phrase "sort of a separate premises", "sort of" acts as a hedge or approximator. It means "somewhat like" or "a type of".
    *   Let's check the senses.

2.  **Evaluate Sense 1:** "a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality".
    *   Synonyms: kind, form, variety.
    *   Examples: "sculpture is a form of art", "what kinds of desserts are there?"
    *   Usage in context: "treated the tower as sort of a separate premises". Can we paraphrase this as "treated the tower as a category of a separate premises"? No, that sounds awkward. Can we paraphrase it as "treated the tower as a kind of separate premises"? Yes, that is plausible. It suggests the tower was seen as a specific type or category of space.

3.  **Evaluate Sense 2:** "an approximate definition or example".
    *   Examples: "she wore a sort of magenta dress", "she served a creamy sort of dessert thing".
    *   Usage in context: "treated the tower as sort of a separate premises".
    *   In the example "sort of magenta dress", "sort of" modifies the color/quality. It implies approximation.
    *   In the target context, "sort of a separate premises", is it approximating the definition? Is it saying it was *something like* a separate premises, but not quite? Or is it categorizing it?
    *   Let's compare Sense 1 and Sense 2 closely.
    *   Sense 1 implies classification: X belongs to the category Y.
    *   Sense 2 implies approximation/hedging: X is roughly Y.
    *   The phrase "sort of a [noun]" is often ambiguous between these two. However, WordNet distinguishes them.
    *   Sense 1 examples: "sculpture is a form of art" (Classification: X is a subset of Y).
    *   Sense 2 examples: "she wore a sort of magenta dress" (Approximation: The dress was roughly magenta).
    *   Let's look at the specific syntax: "sort of a separate premises".
    *   Is it "a sort of [noun]" (Category - Sense 1) or "sort of [noun]" (Approximation - Sense 2)?
    *   In the text: "treated the tower as <t>sort</t> of a separate premises". The determiner "a" follows "of". So it's "sort of a...".
    *   If it were "treated the tower as a sort of separate premises", it strongly leans to Sense 1 (a type of premises).
    *   If it is "treated the tower as sort of a separate premises", the determiner "a" is after "of".
    *   Standard usage of Sense 2 (approximation): "It's sort of a problem". This means "It is somewhat of a problem" or "It is approximately a problem".
    *   Standard usage of Sense 1 (category): "It is a sort of problem". (Usually requires the article "a" before "sort").
    *   Let's look at the text again: "...treated the tower as sort of a separate premises". Note the lack of "a" before "sort".
    *   Structure: "as [sort of a] [noun]".
    *   This structure (sort of + a + noun) is the classic marker for Sense 2 (approximation/hedge).
    *   Sense 1 usually appears as "a sort of [noun]" (a type of...).
    *   Sense 2 usually appears as "sort of a [noun]" (somewhat of a...).
    *   Let's test the meaning: The vicar is complaining. The ringers treated the tower as if it were somewhat like a separate premises, detached from the church. They didn't necessarily classify it strictly as a specific category in a taxonomic sense, but rather approximated its nature as being separate.
    *   However, let's look at the definition of Sense 1 again: "a category of things...".
    *   Let's look at the definition of Sense 2 again: "an approximate definition or example".
    *   Example for Sense 2: "she served a creamy sort of dessert thing". Note: here "a creamy sort of..." has "a". But the example "she wore a sort of magenta dress" is also Sense 2? Wait.
    *   Let's check WordNet 3.1 or similar for the specific examples associated with these keys to be sure of the distinction.
    *   WordNet `sort%1:09:00::` (Sense 1): "a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality". Examples: "he invented a new kind of pulley", "she voted for the party of law and order". Usually "a kind of", "a sort of".
    *   WordNet `sort%1:07:00::` (Sense 2): "an approximate definition or example". Examples: "she wore a sort of magenta dress".
    *   Let's re-read the target sentence: "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises..."
    *   The phrase "sort of a separate premises" functions as an adverbial hedge to the noun phrase "separate premises". It means "somewhat like a separate premises".
    *   If the sentence was "They treated the tower as a sort of separate premises", it would mean "They treated the tower as a specific type of separate premises". This would fit Sense 1.
    *   But the sentence is "as sort of a separate premises". The syntactic construction "sort of a/an [noun]" is the standard realization for the approximation sense (Sense 2). It functions similarly to "kind of a".
    *   Let's compare the example for Sense 2: "she wore a sort of magenta dress". Here "sort of" modifies "magenta". It is approximating the adjective. In "sort of a separate premises", "sort of" modifies the whole NP "a separate premises".
    *   Let's check Sense 1 examples again. "sculpture is a form of art".
    *   Let's check the target sentence's determiner usage. "as sort of a separate premises".
    *   Is it possible the transcription missed an "a" before sort? Or is "sort of a" a standard idiom for approximation?
    *   Yes, "sort of a" is standard for approximation (Sense 2).
        *   "He is sort of a genius." (Approximation - Sense 2).
        *   "He is a sort of genius." (Category - Sense 1).
    *   In the text: "treated the tower as sort of a separate premises".
    *   Meaning: They treated it as something approximating a separate premises.
    *   This fits Sense 2: "an approximate definition or example". The ringers defined the tower's status approximately as a separate premises, rather than it strictly being a category defined by distinct qualities (Sense 1). The vibe is "it was like a separate premises".
    *   Let's check Sense 1 again. If it were "a sort of separate premises", it would mean a category of premises that is separate. But "separate premises" is already a specific concept. You don't usually classify something as "a category of separate premises". You might classify something as "a sort of shed" (a type of shed). But "sort of a shed" (somewhat like a shed).
    *   The context emphasizes the attitude: "something stuck on the bottom of the belfry", "self-perpetuating club", "skipping off to the pub". They viewed it *as if* it were separate. This is approximation of reality/status.
    *   Therefore, Sense 2 (Approximation) is the better fit linguistically for the construction "sort of a [noun]" without the leading article "a", and semantically for the hedging meaning "somewhat like".

    *   Let's double check Sense 1's definition. "a category of things...".
    *   Let's double check Sense 2's definition. "an approximate definition or example".
    *   Example "she wore a sort of magenta dress" -> "sort of" modifies "magenta".
    *   Example "she served a creamy sort of dessert thing" -> "sort of" modifies "dessert thing"? Or "creamy sort of"? "A [creamy sort of] [dessert thing]"? That looks like Sense 1 usage syntactically ("a sort of"), but the definition says "approximate definition".
    *   Actually, let's look at the provided text's syntax again. "...treated the tower as sort of a separate premises".
    *   Syntactically: `as` (preposition) `sort of` (hedge/adverbial) `a separate premises` (NP).
    *   If it were Sense 1 (Category), the syntax would almost certainly be `as a sort of separate premises`.
    *   Because the indefinite article "a" is attached to "separate premises" and not "sort", "sort" is acting as part of the hedge "sort of".
    *   "Sort of" acting as a hedge maps to Sense 2.
    *   Compare: "What kind of dessert is it?" (Sense 1). "It's a sort of cake." (Sense 1). "It's sort of a cake." (Sense 2 - it's messy, maybe not quite a cake, but close).
    *   The ringers treated the tower as *roughly* a separate premises.
    *   This aligns with Sense 2.

    *   Let's verify Sense 4. "an operation that segregates items". No.
    *   Let's verify Sense 3. "a person". No.

    *   Decision: Sense 2.
    *   Why not Sense 1? Sense 1 requires the interpretation "a category of...". The text lacks the article "a" before "sort". "treated the tower as a sort of separate premises" would be Sense 1. "treated the tower as sort of a separate premises" is Sense 2. The distinction hinges on the article placement and the hedging nature.

    *   Let's check the examples provided in the prompt for Sense 2: "she served a creamy sort of dessert thing".
        *   This example is tricky. "A creamy sort of dessert thing".
        *   Structure: `A` `creamy` `sort of` `dessert thing`.
        *   Here, "sort of" is preceded by "creamy". This looks like a noun phrase head "sort" modified by "creamy".
        *   Wait, let's look at the WordNet entry for `sort%1:07:00::` (Sense 2) online if possible, or rely on the provided gloss.
        *   Gloss: "an approximate definition or example".
        *   Example 1: "she wore a sort of magenta dress". Structure: "a sort of magenta dress". Here "a sort of" modifies "magenta dress". Meaning: a dress that was approximately magenta. This is hedging.
        *   Example 2: "she served a creamy sort of dessert thing". Structure: "a creamy sort of...". Meaning: a dessert thing that was approximately creamy? Or a kind of dessert that was creamy?
        *   Usually, WordNet Sense 1 is "kind, sort, form, variety". Sense 2 is "sort, kind".
        *   Let's stick to the prompt's provided examples.
        *   Sense 1 Ex: "sculpture is a form of art". (Categorization).
        *   Sense 2 Ex: "she wore a sort of magenta dress". (Approximation).
        *   Target text: "treated the tower as sort of a separate premises".
        *   Meaning: Approximation. The tower isn't literally a separate premises legally or physically, but they treated it as something *like* one.
        *   The syntax "sort of a [noun]" is the quintessential Sense 2 structure in many dictionaries (often labeled "adverb" or "hedge" in modern corpora, but in WordNet nominal senses, it corresponds to the "approximate definition" sense).

    *   Wait, is "sort of" an adverb here?
        *   In traditional grammar, "sort" is a noun. "A sort of" is a noun phrase.
        *   But in "sort of a separate premises", "sort of" functions as a determiner/quantifier/adverb hybrid.
        *   WordNet treats these as Nominal senses.
        *   Sense 1: "a category". (Noun).
        *   Sense 2: "an approximate definition or example". (Noun usage for hedging).
        *   If I interpret "sort of a separate premises" as "a type of separate premises", I must assume a typo (missing "a"). Without the typo assumption, it is Sense 2.
        *   If I interpret it as "somewhat like a separate premises", it is Sense 2.
        *   Given the context of the ringers acting independently and the vicar disagreeing, the idea is that they *presumed* or *construed* it as separate, which is a deviation from the norm/truth. It's a mental approximation. "They acted as if it were sort of a separate premises."
        *   This fits the "approximate definition/example" sense (Sense 2).

    *   Let's double check if Sense 1 can take the form "sort of a".
        *   "What sort of a man is he?" -> This is asking for category (Sense 1 or Sense 3). But usually, "What sort of man".
        *   "He is sort of a genius." -> Approximation.
        *   "He is a sort of genius." -> Category (Sense 1).
        *   The absence of the initial article "a" strongly signals Sense 2.

    *   Conclusion: The target phrase "sort of a separate premises" is an instance of hedging/approximation. The ringers treated the tower as something approximating a separate premises. This matches Sense 2's definition "an approximate definition or example" and its examples involving non-literal or vague descriptions.

    *   Let's verify the mapping.
    *   Sense 1: `sort%1:09:00::` (Category).
    *   Sense 2: `sort%1:07:00::` (Approximation).
    *   Target: "sort of a separate premises".
    *   Match: Sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: separate
Target surface form: separate
Context:
More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a <t>separate</t> premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says. An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=separate%3:00:00:: | definition=independent; not united or joint | examples=a problem consisting of two separate issues; they went their separate ways
2. sense_key=separate%5:00:00:detached:00 | definition=standing apart; not attached to or supported by anything | synonyms=freestanding | examples=a freestanding bell tower; a house with a separate garage
3. sense_key=separate%5:00:02:segregated:00 | definition=separated according to race, sex, class, or religion | examples=separate but equal; girls and boys in separate classes
4. sense_key=separate%5:00:02:unconnected:00 | definition=have the connection undone; having become separate | synonyms=disjoined

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   **Target word:** "separate" (adjective, modifying "premises").
    *   **Context sentence:** "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises..."
    *   **Broader context:** The text describes a conflict between church bell ringers and the clergy. The ringers view their activity (ringing) as distinct or disconnected from the religious aspect of the church. They treat the bell tower as a place for their hobby, separate from the worship happening "below" in the church.
    *   **Meaning nuance:** The ringers view the tower as a distinct entity, independent of the church's spiritual authority or the main congregation. They see it as an independent unit or operation. The phrase "self-perpetuating club" reinforces this idea of being an independent entity rather than an integrated part of the church body.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** "independent; not united or joint".
        *   *Examples:* "a problem consisting of two separate issues", "they went their separate ways".
        *   *Fit:* The ringers treat the tower as an independent entity ("premises") not united with the rest of the church's activities. They view it as a club independent of the congregation. This captures the abstract relationship of "apartness" or independence from the main body/organization.

    *   **Sense 2:** "standing apart; not attached to or supported by anything" (synonyms: freestanding).
        *   *Examples:* "a freestanding bell tower", "a house with a separate garage".
        *   *Fit:* This sense refers to physical detachment. Is the tower physically detached from the church? The text says "church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry", implying the belfry is usually on top, but later mentions "leaving worship for others below". While the tower might physically stand high, the phrase "separate premises" here refers to the functional/organizational status of the tower in the ringers' minds, not necessarily a physical structure like a "separate garage" next to a house. It's about the *nature* of the premises, not the architectural layout of the building. However, "premises" often refers to a physical location. But the context emphasizes the social/organizational separation (club vs. church). Let's compare.
        *   If I say "a separate garage", I mean it's not attached to the house. If I say "separate premises", do I mean a physically detached building? Or an independent entity? The quote says: "treated the tower as sort of a separate premises". The tower *is* part of the church building physically (usually). The ringers are treating it *as if* it were its own place, independent of the church.
        *   Sense 2 implies physical isolation. Sense 1 implies independence/lack of unity. The ringers are asserting independence (Sense 1), not necessarily claiming the tower is physically unattached (though it is physically above, the "premises" aspect implies jurisdiction/usage).

    *   **Sense 3:** "separated according to race, sex, class, or religion".
        *   *Examples:* "separate but equal", "separate classes".
        *   *Fit:* This is about segregation. The context is not about segregating people, but about the status of the tower/premises itself relative to the church.

    *   **Sense 4:** "have the connection undone; having become separate" (synonyms: disjoined).
        *   *Examples:* None provided, but definition suggests a state resulting from separation.
        *   *Fit:* This usually applies to things that were joined and are now disconnected. While the metaphorical link is broken, this sense is less standard for describing an entity's status as "independent" in a functional sense. It feels more physical or past-participial in a specific way.

3.  **Refine the choice between Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   Sense 1: "independent; not united or joint".
    *   Sense 2: "standing apart; not attached... (freestanding)".

    The phrase is "treated the tower as sort of a separate premises".
    If the ringers treated the tower as a "separate premises" in the sense of Sense 2, they would be claiming it is a freestanding building (which it isn't, physically, it's a tower).
    If they treat it as "separate premises" in the sense of Sense 1, they are treating it as an *independent* entity, not united with the church (organizationally/spiritually).
    The conflict described is about the ringers acting like a club independent of the church. They skip worship and go to the pub. They treat the tower as their domain, separate from the vicar's domain.
    Therefore, the meaning is "independent; not united".
    Sense 1 fits the functional/organizational separation best.
    Sense 2 is too strictly physical (like a separate garage). The word "premises" helps here. "Separate premises" can mean a distinct location, but the context "self-perpetuating club... treated the tower" suggests a functional independence. The ringers think of the church as something stuck on the *bottom* of the belfry—reversing the hierarchy to make the belfry the main thing. This is an assertion of independence.

    Let's check the examples for Sense 1: "a problem consisting of two separate issues" (distinct/independent issues). "They went their separate ways" (independent paths).
    The ringers treat the tower as a distinct, independent facility from the church.

    Let's re-evaluate Sense 2. Could "separate premises" imply a physical detachment? The text says "ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry". This suggests a mental separation of the two entities. The tower is the ringers' place; the church is the vicar's place. This implies they view them as distinct/independent units. Sense 1 covers "not united or joint". The tower and the church are physically united, but the ringers treat them as "not united" (Sense 1).

    Conclusion: Sense 1 is the intended meaning. The ringers view the belfry as an independent entity ("separate premises"), not united with the church body.

    Final check:
    Sense 1: independent; not united or joint.
    "treated the tower as sort of a separate premises" -> treated it as an independent facility.
    This matches the "self-perpetuating club" description perfectly.

    Decision: Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: say
Target surface form: says
Context:
More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone <t>says</t>. An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=say%2:32:00:: | definition=express in words | synonyms=state, tell | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you
2. sense_key=say%2:32:01:: | definition=report or maintain | synonyms=allege, aver | examples=He alleged that he was the victim of a crime; He said it was too late to intervene in the war
3. sense_key=say%2:32:03:: | definition=express a supposition | synonyms=suppose | examples=Let us say that he did not tell the truth; Let's say you had a lot of money--what would you do?
4. sense_key=say%2:42:00:: | definition=have or contain a certain wording or form | synonyms=read | examples=The passage reads as follows; What does the law say?
5. sense_key=say%2:32:04:: | definition=give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority | synonyms=order, tell, enjoin | examples=I said to him to go home; She ordered him to do the shopping
6. sense_key=say%2:32:02:: | definition=speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way | synonyms=pronounce, articulate, enounce, sound out, enunciate | examples=She pronounces French words in a funny way; I cannot say `zip wire'
7. sense_key=say%2:32:07:: | definition=communicate or express nonverbally | examples=What does this painting say?; Did his face say anything about how he felt?
8. sense_key=say%2:32:15:: | definition=utter aloud | examples=She said `Hello' to everyone in the office
9. sense_key=say%2:32:13:: | definition=state as one's opinion or judgement; declare | examples=I say let's forget this whole business
10. sense_key=say%2:32:08:: | definition=recite or repeat a fixed text | examples=Say grace; She said her `Hail Mary'
11. sense_key=say%2:32:09:: | definition=indicate | examples=The clock says noon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Word and Context:**
    *   Target Lemma: `say`
    *   Target Surface Form: `says` (third person singular present indicative).
    *   Context Sentence: `"They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone <t>says</t>.`
    *   Contextual clues: The Vicar is speaking. There is a direct quote immediately preceding the attribution tag. He is explaining his side of a story/conflict. He is making an assertion about the ringers.

2.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `express in words` (synonyms: state, tell).
        *   *Analysis:* This is the most general, basic meaning of "say". It covers the act of uttering words to convey meaning. The Vicar is expressing words. He is stating something.
        *   *Fit:* High. This fits the grammatical structure of a quotation attribution ("...," he says).

    *   **Sense 2:** `report or maintain` (synonyms: allege, aver).
        *   *Analysis:* This implies stating something as a fact, often in a formal, argumentative, or legalistic context, or when the truth might be contested. The Vicar is making an accusation/explanation about the ringers.
        *   *Comparison with Sense 1:* While he is "maintaining" a position, Sense 1 is the broader category. However, WordNet often distinguishes between the basic act of saying (Sense 1) and the specific illocutionary force of alleging/maintaining (Sense 2).
        *   Let's look at the examples for Sense 2: "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime", "He said it was too late to intervene".
        *   Let's look at the example for Sense 1: "He said that he wanted to marry her".
        *   In the context, the Vicar is justifying his action (sacking the band). He is stating his view of the situation. Is he "reporting" or "maintaining"? Yes. But is Sense 2 the *best* fit compared to Sense 1?
        *   Usually, attribution tags in journalism or narrative ("says the Vicar") fall under the general definition of uttering words or stating. Sense 2 often implies a stronger stance on the truth of the statement (like "claims"). The Vicar isn't just claiming; he is describing the situation as he sees it.
        *   Crucially, Sense 1 covers "state". The Vicar is stating a fact/opinion.
        *   Let's check the synonyms for Sense 2: "allege, aver". "Allege" suggests doubt or a charge. "Aver" is formal. The Vicar is making a statement.
        *   Is there a distinction in WordNet usage? Sense 1 is the default for "say" introducing a quote or an indirect statement unless there is a specific nuance of allegation. Here, it is a quote attribution. "Quote," he says. This is almost always Sense 1 (express in words/state).

    *   **Sense 3:** `express a supposition` (synonyms: suppose).
        *   *Analysis:* No. He is not supposing.

    *   **Sense 4:** `have or contain a certain wording or form` (synonyms: read).
        *   *Analysis:* No. A person is speaking, not a text/sign.

    *   **Sense 5:** `give instructions... with authority` (synonyms: order, tell, enjoin).
        *   *Analysis:* No. He is describing the past situation, not giving an order in this specific sentence.

    *   **Sense 6:** `speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way`.
        *   *Analysis:* No focus on the pronunciation method here.

    *   **Sense 7:** `communicate or express nonverbally`.
        *   *Analysis:* No. He is speaking.

    *   **Sense 8:** `utter aloud`.
        *   *Analysis:* Very similar to Sense 1. Sense 1 includes "express in words" usually implying communication of a message. Sense 8 examples are "She said `Hello`". Sense 1 examples are "He said that he wanted to marry her". The context here is a complex transitive clause with a quote. It aligns better with Sense 1 (expressing content) than just the physical act of uttering.

    *   **Sense 9:** `state as one's opinion or judgement; declare`.
        *   *Analysis:* This is also a strong candidate. He is expressing an opinion. However, Sense 1 ("state") captures this. Sense 9 examples: "I say let's forget this whole business". That feels more like an idiom or a specific "I say [X]" construction for opinion. The Vicar is stating facts about their behavior.

    *   **Sense 10:** `recite or repeat a fixed text`.
        *   *Analysis:* No.

    *   **Sense 11:** `indicate`.
        *   *Analysis:* No.

3.  **Final Decision between Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   Context: `"They were a self-perpetuating club...", the Vicar Hummerstone says.`
    *   This is a standard quotative frame.
    *   Sense 1 (`express in words`, synonyms: `state, tell`) is the general verb for speech acts.
    *   Sense 2 (`report or maintain`, synonyms: `allege, aver`) is more specific.
    *   In Word Sense Disambiguation tasks, if the context is just introducing a quote in a narrative/journalistic style, it's the basic speech verb. Sense 2 is usually used when there is a nuance of "claiming" something that might be disputed or is a report. While the ringers might dispute the characterization, the sentence structure is a standard attribution.
    *   Let's compare the definitions again.
        *   Sense 1: "express in words".
        *   Sense 2: "report or maintain".
    *   Most WSD annotations for "say" in news wire (like SemCor or OntoNotes) map simple attribution tags to the general 'speak/state' sense. The specific "allege/aver" sense (Sense 2) is typically reserved for contexts like "He said that he was innocent" (maintaining innocence) or "The report says that...".
    *   Here, the Vicar is being quoted. He is expressing his thoughts in words.
    *   Looking at the example for Sense 1: "He said that he wanted to marry her". This is a statement of intent/desire.
    *   Looking at the example for Sense 2: "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime". This is a defense against a charge.
    *   The Vicar is explaining his actions. Is he "alleging"? He is stating his justification.
    *   Sense 1 is the safest and most accurate hypernym for this usage. It is the neutral speech verb. The sentence functions as an attribution: Quote + Speaker + Say. This is the prototypical instantiation of Sense 1.

    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 1 vs Sense 2 based on WordNet hierarchy.
        *   Sense 1 is the most common sense. "State" is a synonym.
        *   Sense 2 involves "allege". To allege is to say. But to say is not necessarily to allege.
        *   The Vicar is not alleging in the sense of making an unproven claim (though his claim might be contentious, the verb "says" here is functioning neutrally to attribute the quote). If the text read "The Vicar claims that they were a self-perpetuating club", we might look for a sense closer to Sense 2. But "says" is neutral.
        *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

    *   Sense index check:
        *   Sense 1: `say%2:32:00::`

    Let's double check the other senses just in case.
    Sense 9: `state as one's opinion`. Example: "I say let's forget this whole business". This usually implies a specific construction or a suggestion. The Vicar is making a declarative statement about the state of affairs.
    Sense 1 includes "state". The example for Sense 1 is "He said that he wanted to marry her". This is very similar to the Vicar saying "They were a self-perpetuating club...". It is a declarative statement.

    Conclusion: Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: new
Target surface form: new
Context:
When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says. An entirely <t>new</t> band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation. But there still are not enough ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=new%3:00:00:: | definition=not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered | examples=a new law; new cars
2. sense_key=new%5:00:00:original:00 | definition=original and of a kind not seen before | synonyms=fresh, novel | examples=the computer produced a completely novel proof of a well-known theorem
3. sense_key=new%5:00:00:inexperienced:00 | definition=lacking training or experience | synonyms=raw | examples=the new men were eager to fight; raw recruits
4. sense_key=new%5:00:00:unprecedented:00 | definition=having no previous example or precedent or parallel | synonyms=unexampled | examples=a time of unexampled prosperity
5. sense_key=new%5:00:00:other:00 | definition=other than the former one(s); different | examples=they now have a new leaders; my new car is four years old but has only 15,000 miles on it
6. sense_key=new%3:00:09:: | definition=unaffected by use or exposure | examples=it looks like new
7. sense_key=new%5:00:02:original:00 | definition=(of a new kind or fashion) gratuitously new | synonyms=newfangled | examples=newfangled ideas; she buys all these new-fangled machines and never uses them
8. sense_key=new%5:00:02:late:01 | definition=in use after medieval times | examples=New Eqyptian was the language of the 18th to 21st dynasties
9. sense_key=new%5:00:01:late:01 | definition=used of a living language; being the current stage in its development | synonyms=Modern | examples=Modern English; New Hebrew is Israeli Hebrew
10. sense_key=new%5:00:00:early:02 | definition=(of crops) harvested at an early stage of development; before complete maturity | synonyms=young | examples=new potatoes; young corn
11. sense_key=new%5:00:00:unaccustomed:00 | definition=unfamiliar | examples=new experiences; experiences new to him

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   Context sentence: "An entirely <t>new</t> band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation."
    *   Preceding context: The previous band was sacked by the vicar because they didn't attend services. They were picketing.
    *   Core meaning: The vicar fired the old group (band) of bell ringers. Now, a different group (band) is ringing.
    *   Specifics: The text contrasts the sacked band with the current band. The current band is "entirely new". This implies a replacement. They are not the same people. They are different from the previous ones.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1 (new%3:00:00::):** "not of long duration; having just... come into being..."
        *   *Analysis:* Does it fit? A "new band" in the sense of a recently formed group? Yes, the band was recently formed after the old one was sacked. However, the emphasis in the text is on the *replacement* aspect ("sacked the entire band... An entirely new band rings today"). The focus is on the difference from the former one, not just the temporal aspect, though the temporal aspect is present. But let's look for a sense that captures the "replacement/different" aspect better.

    *   **Sense 2 (new%5:00:00:original:00):** "original and of a kind not seen before"
        *   *Analysis:* The band isn't a new *kind* of band. It's just a group of ringers. They aren't "novel" or "fresh" in an artistic sense.

    *   **Sense 3 (new%5:00:00:inexperienced:00):** "lacking training or experience"
        *   *Analysis:* The text doesn't say they are inexperienced. In fact, they are ringing (presumably successfully, or at least capable of manning the bells). The contrast is with the *old* band, not their skill level.

    *   **Sense 4 (new%5:00:00:unprecedented:00):** "having no previous example or precedent or parallel"
        *   *Analysis:* Too strong. A new band of ringers isn't an unprecedented historical event.

    *   **Sense 5 (new%5:00:00:other:00):** "other than the former one(s); different"
        *   *Analysis:* This looks very promising. The examples are "they now have a new leader; my new car is four years old...". The context involves replacing a sacked band with a different band. The text explicitly contrasts them with the "self-perpetuating club" (the old band). The key feature is that this band is *different* from the previous one, replacing the previous one.

    *   **Sense 6 (new%3:00:09::):** "unaffected by use or exposure"
        *   *Analysis:* "Mint condition". Doesn't apply to a group of people.

    *   **Sense 7 (new%5:00:02:original:00):** "(of a new kind or fashion) gratuitously new"
        *   *Analysis:* "Newfangled". Doesn't apply.

    *   **Sense 8 & 9 (Linguistic/Historical):**
        *   *Analysis:* Applies to languages (New Egyptian, Modern English). Not applicable.

    *   **Sense 10 (Agricultural):** "(of crops) harvested at an early stage..."
        *   *Analysis:* Not crops.

    *   **Sense 11 (new%5:00:00:unaccustomed:00):** "unfamiliar"
        *   *Analysis:* Is the band unfamiliar? No, they are just different. "Unfamiliar" usually implies strangeness or lack of knowledge about something. Sense 5 covers the "replacement" meaning much better.

3.  **Compare Sense 1 vs. Sense 5:**
    *   *Sense 1:* Recently come into being.
    *   *Sense 5:* Other than the former one(s); different.
    *   *Context check:* The sentence says "An entirely new band rings today...". This is immediately following the sacking of the old band. While the band *is* recently formed (Sense 1), the primary logical function of "new" here is to distinguish the current band from the sacked band. It signals a change in personnel. The example in Sense 5, "my new car is four years old", perfectly illustrates that "new" in this sense doesn't strictly require "recently come into being" (temporal freshness) but rather "different from the one I had before". In the text, the band is "entirely new" meaning it consists of entirely different people than the previous band. The vicar sacked the band and got a new one. The relationship is "replacement".
    *   *Decision:* Sense 5 captures the semantic role of "new" in "a new band" (replacing the old one) more precisely than Sense 1 (which focuses on duration/age). Sense 5 is defined as "other than the former one(s); different". This matches the context of replacing the sacked band.

    Let's double check the indexing.
    1. sense_key=new%3:00:00:: (not of long duration)
    ...
    5. sense_key=new%5:00:00:other:00 (other than the former one(s); different)

    Sense 5 is the correct one.