[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: time
Target surface form: time
Context:
Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus <t>time</t> their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=time%2:30:00:: | definition=measure the time or duration of an event or action or the person who performs an action in a certain period of time | synonyms=clock | examples=he clocked the runners
2. sense_key=time%2:31:00:: | definition=assign a time for an activity or event | examples=The candidate carefully timed his appearance at the disaster scene
3. sense_key=time%2:31:01:: | definition=set the speed, duration, or execution of | examples=we time the process to manufacture our cars very precisely
4. sense_key=time%2:30:01:: | definition=regulate or set the time of | examples=time the clock
5. sense_key=time%2:30:06:: | definition=adjust so that a force is applied and an action occurs at the desired time | examples=The good player times his swing so as to hit the ball squarely

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

[Assistant] sense_index": 5}

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 5. Return only valid JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   Target word: "time" (verb).
    *   Sentence: "...using peripheral vision (they call it 'rope-sight') to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls."
    *   Situation: Church bell ringers are pulling ropes to ring bells. They need to coordinate their pulls with others. They watch other ropes to coordinate/synchronize the timing of their own action (the pull) relative to the movement of others.
    *   Meaning: They are adjusting/controlling the moment they pull the rope to fit into the sequence correctly. It involves coordination, synchronizing an action with a specific moment.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `time%2:30:00::` | definition=measure the time or duration of an event... | synonyms=clock | examples=he clocked the runners.
        *   *Analysis:* This is about measuring duration (like using a stopwatch). The ringers are not measuring how long a pull takes. They are coordinating an action. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 2:** `time%2:31:00::` | definition=assign a time for an activity or event | examples=The candidate carefully timed his appearance...
        *   *Analysis:* This is usually about scheduling (setting a date/time on a calendar) or choosing a specific moment for a public appearance. The ringers aren't scheduling the pulls; they are executing them in real-time coordination. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 3:** `time%2:31:01::` | definition=set the speed, duration, or execution of | examples=we time the process to manufacture our cars very precisely.
        *   *Analysis:* This is about controlling the pace or duration of a process. While related to execution, the context here emphasizes the specific moment of the pull relative to other ropes (synchronization/regulation), rather than setting the overall speed of the ringing session. It's close, but let's look further.

    *   **Sense 4:** `time%2:30:01::` | definition=regulate or set the time of | examples=time the clock.
        *   *Analysis:* This refers to setting a clock mechanism. Not applicable here.

    *   **Sense 5:** `time%2:30:06::` | definition=adjust so that a force is applied and an action occurs at the desired time | examples=The good player times his swing so as to hit the ball squarely.
        *   *Analysis:* This definition fits perfectly. The "action" is the pull. The "desired time" is the specific moment within the sequence of other ropes moving. Just like a baseball player times a swing to hit a ball, the ringer times a pull to fit the pattern. The phrase "adjust so that a force is applied... at the desired time" captures the physical coordination required.

3.  **Compare Sense 3 and Sense 5:**
    *   Sense 3 focuses on setting speed/duration/execution (industrial process feel). "We time the process..."
    *   Sense 5 focuses on applying force at a desired moment (human motor coordination). "The good player times his swing..."
    *   The context involves physical coordination: "pulling a rope", "watch the other ropes", "time their pulls". This is analogous to hitting a baseball or swinging on a trapeze. It is about the instantaneous synchronization of a physical action.

4.  **Conclusion:** Sense 5 is the best fit because it describes the coordination of a physical action (pulling) to occur at a precise moment relative to other movements (the other ropes/bells).

5.  **Format Output:** JSON object.

provider: Novita


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: pull
Target surface form: pulls
Context:
Ringers memorize patterns of changes, known as "methods, "which have odd-sounding names like Kent Treble Bob Major or Grandsire Caters. A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their <t>pulls</t>. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=pull%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of pulling; applying force to move something toward or with you | synonyms=pulling | examples=the pull up the hill had him breathing harder; his strenuous pulling strained his back
2. sense_key=pull%1:19:00:: | definition=the force used in pulling | examples=the pull of the moon; the pull of the current
3. sense_key=pull%1:07:00:: | definition=special advantage or influence | synonyms=clout | examples=the chairman's nephew has a lot of pull
4. sense_key=pull%1:06:01:: | definition=a device used for pulling something | examples=he grabbed the pull and opened the drawer
5. sense_key=pull%1:26:00:: | definition=a sharp strain on muscles or ligaments | synonyms=wrench, twist | examples=the wrench to his knee occurred as he fell; he was sidelined with a hamstring pull
6. sense_key=pull%1:04:01:: | definition=a slow inhalation (as of tobacco smoke) | synonyms=puff, drag | examples=he took a puff on his pipe; he took a drag on his cigarette and expelled the smoke slowly
7. sense_key=pull%1:04:02:: | definition=a sustained effort | examples=it was a long pull but we made it

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
The target word is "pulls" in the context of bell ringers pulling on ropes to ring church bells.

Let me analyze the context:
- The ringers are standing in a circle, each pulling a rope
- They watch the other ropes to time their "pulls"
- This is about the physical act of pulling on the bell ropes

Let me evaluate each candidate sense:

1. sense_key=pull%1:04:00:: - "the act of pulling; applying force to move something toward or with you" - This fits perfectly. The ringers are performing the act of pulling on ropes to ring the bells.

2. sense_key=pull%1:19:00:: - "the force used in pulling" - This is more abstract, referring to gravitational or magnetic force (like "the pull of the moon"). Not fitting here.

3. sense_key=pull%1:07:00:: - "special advantage or influence" - Metaphorical meaning, not applicable here.

4. sense_key=pull%1:06:01:: - "a device used for pulling something" - This would be a noun referring to a tool/device, not the act being described.

5. sense_key=pull%1:26:00:: - "a sharp strain on muscles or ligaments" - Not about physical injury in this context.

6. sense_key=pull%1:04:01:: - "a slow inhalation (as of tobacco smoke)" - Not about smoking.

7. sense_key=pull%1:04:02:: - "a sustained effort" - This could potentially work metaphorically (it's a sustained effort to ring the bells), but the context more clearly refers to the physical act of pulling.

The context clearly describes ringers timing their "pulls" - the physical actions of pulling on the bell ropes. Sense 1 best captures this: "the act of pulling; applying force to move something toward or with you."

The word "pulls" here refers to each individual act of pulling the rope to ring the bell - the ringers need to time their pulls correctly.

So the answer is sense_index:1

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Together

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: far
Target surface form: Far
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. <t>Far</t> above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=far%4:02:02:: | definition=to a considerable degree; very much | examples=a far far better thing that I do; felt far worse than yesterday
2. sense_key=far%4:02:00:: | definition=at or to or from a great distance in space | examples=he traveled far; strayed far from home
3. sense_key=far%4:02:04:: | definition=at or to a certain point or degree | examples=I can only go so far before I have to give up; how far can we get with this kind of argument?
4. sense_key=far%4:02:01:: | definition=remote in time | examples=if we could see far into the future; all that happened far in the past
5. sense_key=far%4:02:05:: | definition=to an advanced stage or point | examples=a young man who will go very far

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "Far" in the context: "Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees..."

Let me analyze the context:
- The ringers are in the ringing chamber
- The bells are "Far above" in the belfry
- This is describing physical/spatial distance - the bells are high up in the belfry above where the ringers are standing

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=far%4:02:02:: | definition=to a considerable degree; very much | examples="a far far better thing that I do; felt far worse than yesterday"
- This is about degree/intensity, like "far better" or "far worse"

2. sense_key=far%4:02:00:: | definition=at or to or from a great distance in space | examples="he traveled far; strayed far from home"
- This is about spatial/distance - physical distance

3. sense_key=far%4:02:04:: | definition=at or to a certain point or degree | examples="I can only go so far before I have to give up; how far can we get with this kind of argument?"
- This is about extent or limit of something

4. sense_key=far%4:02:01:: | definition=remote in time | examples="if we could see far into the future; all that happened far in the past"
- This is about temporal distance

5. sense_key=far%4:02:05:: | definition=to an advanced stage or point | examples="a young man who will go very far"
- This is about progress/advancement

In the context "Far above in the belfry", the word "Far" is describing spatial distance - the bells are located at a great distance above, in the belfry high above the ringing chamber.

This clearly matches sense 2: "at or to or from a great distance in space"

The answer is sense_index: 2.

provider: Friendli


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: above
Target surface form: above
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far <t>above</t> in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=above%4:02:00:: | definition=at an earlier place | synonyms=supra | examples=see above
2. sense_key=above%4:02:01:: | definition=in or to a place that is higher | synonyms=higher up, in a higher place, to a higher place

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Word and Context:**
    *   Target lemma: `above`
    *   Target surface form: `above`
    *   Context Sentence: "Far <t>above</t> in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees..."
    *   Key spatial relationship: The scene is set in the "ringing chamber" where the ringers are standing. The text describes the bells as being "Far above in the belfry". Belfries are typically at the top of church towers. Therefore, the bells are physically located at a higher elevation than the ringers in the ringing chamber.

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `above%4:02:00::`
        *   Definition: "at an earlier place"
        *   Synonyms: `supra`
        *   Examples: "see above"
        *   Analysis: This sense usually refers to a position in a text or document (e.g., "as mentioned above"). It does not fit the physical spatial relationship described in the context.

    *   **Sense 2:** `above%4:02:01::`
        *   Definition: "in or to a place that is higher"
        *   Synonyms: `higher up`, `in a higher place`, `to a higher place`
        *   Examples: (Not provided in the prompt, but the definition is clear).
        *   Analysis: This sense describes physical location at a higher elevation. The text explicitly mentions the "ringing chamber" down below and the "belfry" "Far above". The bells are physically higher than the people.

3.  **Compare Context to Senses:**
    *   Context: Bells in the belfry are located higher than the ringers in the chamber.
    *   Sense 1: Textual reference ("see above"). Incorrect.
    *   Sense 2: Physical elevation ("in or to a place that is higher"). Correct.

4.  **Determine the Index:**
    *   The prompt lists senses indexed 1 and 2.
    *   Sense 1 is the textual reference.
    *   Sense 2 is the spatial elevation.
    *   Therefore, the correct index is 2.

5.  **Format Output:**
    *   Return JSON: `{"sense_index": 2}`.

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bronze
Target surface form: bronze
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge <t>bronze</t> bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bronze%5:00:00:chromatic:00 | definition=of the color of bronze | synonyms=bronzy
2. sense_key=bronze%5:00:00:metallic:00 | definition=made from or consisting of bronze

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: bronze
    *   Target surface form: bronze
    *   Context snippet: "...Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees..."
    *   The word "bronze" modifies "bells". It describes the material the bells are made of.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   Sense 1: `bronze%5:00:00:chromatic:00` | definition="of the color of bronze" | synonyms=["bronzy"]
        *   This refers to the color/appearance. While bells are bronze-colored, the context emphasizes the physical nature of the bells ("huge", "mounted on wheels", "swing", "belfry"). In this specific sentence structure ("bronze bells"), it usually denotes material composition.
    *   Sense 2: `bronze%5:00:00:metallic:00` | definition="made from or consisting of bronze"
        *   This refers to the material/metal alloy. Church bells are traditionally made of bronze (an alloy of copper and tin).

3.  **Disambiguate:**
    *   Is the author describing the color of the bells? Or the material?
    *   The phrase "huge bronze bells" implies the object is defined by its material composition. Bells are heavy objects ("huge", "swing madly"). Bronze is a specific metal alloy known for its resonance, making it the standard material for church bells.
    *   If the sentence were "The sunset turned the sky a bronze hue," Sense 1 would apply.
    *   Since it describes the bells themselves in a physical, structural context (belfry, swinging), Sense 2 (material) is the primary meaning. While they are also bronze-colored, the defining characteristic of "bronze bells" is the metal they are cast from.
    *   Comparison of senses:
        *   Sense 1: Color.
        *   Sense 2: Material.
    *   "Bronze bells" -> Bells made of bronze. This fits Sense 2.

4.  **Select the index:**
    *   The best fit is Sense 2.

5.  **Format Output:**
    *   JSON object `{"sense_index": 2}`.

provider: Chutes


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bell
Target surface form: bells
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze <t>bells</t>, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bell%1:06:00:: | definition=a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck
2. sense_key=bell%1:06:02:: | definition=a push button at an outer door that gives a ringing or buzzing signal when pushed | synonyms=doorbell, buzzer
3. sense_key=bell%1:11:00:: | definition=the sound of a bell being struck | synonyms=toll | examples=saved by the bell; she heard the distant toll of church bells
4. sense_key=bell%1:28:00:: | definition=(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units of nautical time signaled by strokes of a ship's bell; eight bells signals 4:00, 8:00, or 12:00 o'clock, either a.m. or p.m. | synonyms=ship's bell
5. sense_key=bell%1:25:00:: | definition=the shape of a bell | synonyms=bell shape, campana
6. sense_key=bell%1:18:02:: | definition=a phonetician and father of Alexander Graham Bell (1819-1905) | synonyms=Melville Bell, Alexander Melville Bell
7. sense_key=bell%1:18:01:: | definition=English painter; sister of Virginia Woolf; prominent member of the Bloomsbury Group (1879-1961) | synonyms=Vanessa Bell, Vanessa Stephen
8. sense_key=bell%1:18:00:: | definition=United States inventor (born in Scotland) of the telephone (1847-1922) | synonyms=Alexander Bell, Alexander Graham Bell
9. sense_key=bell%1:06:04:: | definition=a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument | synonyms=chime, gong
10. sense_key=bell%1:06:03:: | definition=the flared opening of a tubular device

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: bell
    *   Target surface form: bells
    *   Context snippet: "...Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze **bells**, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees..."
    *   Key details: "belfry", "huge bronze", "mounted on wheels", "swing", "ringing chamber", "church" (St. Mary Abbot church).

2.  **Evaluate the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `bell%1:06:00::` | definition="a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck".
        *   This fits well. Church bells are hollow metal devices that make ringing sounds. The context mentions "huge bronze bells" in a "belfry".

    *   **Sense 2:** `bell%1:06:02::` | definition="a push button at an outer door..." | synonyms=doorbell, buzzer.
        *   Incorrect. These are huge bronze objects in a belfry, not doorbells.

    *   **Sense 3:** `bell%1:11:00::` | definition="the sound of a bell being struck" | synonyms=toll.
        *   Incorrect. The context says "the huge bronze bells... swing". Physical objects are swinging, not the sound itself. Also, the target surface form is plural ("bells"), and while sounds can be plural, the physical description ("huge bronze", "mounted on wheels") confirms they are physical objects.

    *   **Sense 4:** `bell%1:28:00::` | definition="(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units of nautical time..."
        *   Incorrect. The context is a church in London, not a ship.

    *   **Sense 5:** `bell%1:25:00::` | definition="the shape of a bell" | synonyms=bell shape, campana.
        *   Incorrect. While bells have that shape, the context refers to the physical objects themselves swinging in a belfry, not the abstract shape.

    *   **Sense 6:** `bell%1:18:02::` | definition="a phonetician..." (Person).
        *   Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 7:** `bell%1:18:01::` | definition="English painter..." (Person).
        *   Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 8:** `bell%1:18:00::` | definition="United States inventor..." (Person).
        *   Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 9:** `bell%1:06:04::` | definition="a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument" | synonyms=chime, gong.
        *   This is a close call. Church bells are percussion instruments. However, this specific WordNet sense often refers to orchestral chimes or tubular bells (played with hammers). The context describes English change ringing ("peal", "ringers", "pulling a rope", "swing madly"). In change ringing, the bells *swing* (rotate 360 degrees); they are not struck by hammers held by a person in the orchestral sense, but sound because the clapper inside hits the side as the whole bell swings. Sense 1 ("a hollow device made of metal...") is the generic definition for the physical object known as a church bell. Sense 9 is usually reserved for the specific orchestral instrument (tubular bells) or perhaps a carillon (though carillons are keyboard-operated). The definition mentions "struck with a hammer". Church bells in this context are rung by swinging. Therefore, Sense 1 is the primary hypernym and the correct definition for the physical church bell.

    *   **Sense 10:** `bell%1:06:03::` | definition="the flared opening of a tubular device".
        *   Incorrect. This refers to the bell of a brass instrument or a trumpet, not the church bells described.

3.  **Refine choice between Sense 1 and Sense 9:**
    *   Sense 1: "a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck". This describes the individual church bell perfectly. Even though the clapper strikes it, or it is rung by swinging, it remains a "hollow device made of metal".
    *   Sense 9: "a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument". The text mentions "a set of tuned bells" (implied by changes and peals), but explicitly contrasts the mechanism: "swing madly through a full 360 degrees". They are not struck with hammers by the musicians (ringers); they are pulled by ropes to swing. The ringers pull ropes, they don't hold hammers. Thus, Sense 9's specific mechanism ("struck with a hammer") disqualifies it in favor of Sense 1, which is the general definition of the object.

4.  **Final Selection:** Sense 1.

5.  **Format Output:** JSON object `{"sense_index": 1}`.

provider: Phala


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: mount
Target surface form: mounted
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, <t>mounted</t> on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=mount%2:35:00:: | definition=attach to a support | examples=They mounted the aerator on a floating
2. sense_key=mount%2:30:00:: | definition=go up or advance | synonyms=wax, climb, rise | examples=Sales were climbing after prices were lowered
3. sense_key=mount%2:30:01:: | definition=fix onto a backing, setting, or support | examples=mount slides for macroscopic analysis
4. sense_key=mount%2:36:00:: | definition=put up or launch | examples=mount a campaign against pornography
5. sense_key=mount%2:38:01:: | definition=get up on the back of | synonyms=hop on, mount up, get on, jump on, climb on, bestride | examples=mount a horse
6. sense_key=mount%2:38:00:: | definition=go upward with gradual or continuous progress | synonyms=climb, climb up, go up | examples=Did you ever climb up the hill behind your house?
7. sense_key=mount%2:36:01:: | definition=prepare and supply with the necessary equipment for execution or performance | synonyms=put on | examples=mount a theater production; mount an attack
8. sense_key=mount%2:35:07:: | definition=copulate with | synonyms=ride | examples=The bull was riding the cow

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: `mount`
    *   Target surface form: `mounted`
    *   Context: "...the huge bronze bells, **mounted** on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees..."
    *   Key observation: The bells are physically attached or fixed to wheels. This is a physical relationship where an object is placed on a support structure.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `mount%2:35:00::` | definition="attach to a support" | examples="They mounted the aerator on a floating"
        *   Analysis: The bells are attached to wheels (which act as the support). The definition "attach to a support" fits perfectly. The example shows a similar physical attachment.

    *   **Sense 2:** `mount%2:30:00::` | definition="go up or advance" | synonyms="wax, climb, rise" | examples="Sales were climbing..."
        *   Analysis: This refers to increasing intensity or moving upwards. The bells aren't moving up in the sense of climbing; they are attached to something. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 3:** `mount%2:30:01::` | definition="fix onto a backing, setting, or support" | examples="mount slides for macroscopic analysis"
        *   Analysis: This is very similar to Sense 1. "Fix onto a backing, setting, or support". The bells are fixed on wheels. The example "mount slides" is specific to scientific preparation, but the definition covers physical attachment. I need to distinguish between Sense 1 and Sense 3. Sense 1 is "attach to a support". Sense 3 is "fix onto a backing...". In WordNet, Sense 3 often implies preparation for display or analysis (like mounting a photograph or a specimen), whereas Sense 1 is more general attachment to a support for function. Here, the bells are mounted on wheels to swing. This feels closer to the general attachment in Sense 1, though Sense 3 is also close. Let's look closer. "Mounted on wheels" implies assembly or installation. Sense 1 examples: "They mounted the aerator on a floating [platform/basis]". Sense 3 examples: "mount slides". Sense 3 often carries a nuance of preparing something for viewing or preservation. Sense 1 seems more mechanical/functional attachment. The context involves mechanical function (swinging 360 degrees).

    *   **Sense 4:** `mount%2:36:00::` | definition="put up or launch" | examples="mount a campaign..."
        *   Analysis: Abstract/figurative usage (campaigns, attacks). Not physical attachment. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 5:** `mount%2:38:01::` | definition="get up on the back of" | synonyms="hop on..." | examples="mount a horse"
        *   Analysis: Refers to riding animals. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 6:** `mount%2:38:00::` | definition="go upward with gradual or continuous progress" | synonyms="climb, climb up..." | examples="Did you ever climb up..."
        *   Analysis: Physical climbing. Not physical attachment. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 7:** `mount%2:36:01::` | definition="prepare and supply with the necessary equipment..." | synonyms="put on" | examples="mount a theater production..."
        *   Analysis: Organizing an event/production. Incorrect.

    *   **Sense 8:** `mount%2:35:07::` | definition="copulate with" | synonyms="ride" | examples="The bull was riding..."
        *   Analysis: Biological mating. Incorrect.

3.  **Refine choice between Sense 1 and Sense 3:**
    *   Sense 1: `attach to a support`.
    *   Sense 3: `fix onto a backing, setting, or support`.
    *   WordNet distinctions can be subtle.
    *   Sense 1 usually refers to putting something on a support for stability or position (e.g., mounting a statue, mounting a motor).
    *   Sense 3 often refers to specimens, photographs, or gems (putting on a backing for display/preservation).
    *   Context: "bells, mounted on wheels". Wheels are the support mechanism. This is a functional mechanical mounting.
    *   Sense 1's example ("They mounted the aerator on a floating [object]") suggests a mechanical installation similar to the bells.
    *   Sense 3's example ("mount slides for macroscopic analysis") suggests specimen preparation.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the better fit for the mechanical attachment of large bells to wheels.

4.  **Final Selection:** Sense 1.

    *   Target: "bells, mounted on wheels".
    *   Definition: "attach to a support".
    *   Reasoning: The bells are physically attached to wheels which support them.

    Wait, let me double-check the indexing in the prompt.
    Candidate senses:
    1. sense_key=mount%2:35:00:: | attach to a support
    2. sense_key=mount%2:30:00:: | go up or advance
    3. sense_key=mount%2:30:01:: | fix onto a backing...
    ...

    Yes, sense 1 is the correct one. It describes the physical attachment of an object (the bells) to a support structure (the wheels) to allow them to function (swing).

    Is there any ambiguity with sense 3? Sense 3 is "fix onto a backing, setting, or support". This definition is actually broader and overlaps with 1. However, the synset for Sense 3 often groups with things like mounting a picture or a diamond. Sense 1 groups with installing machinery or objects. The bells are heavy machinery/objects. Thus Sense 1 is the specific mechanical installation sense.

    Decision: Sense 1.

    One more check. The text says "mounted on wheels". Wheels act as the support.
    Sense 1 example: "They mounted the aerator on a floating [base]". (Matches mechanical assembly).
    Sense 3 example: "mount slides". (Matches preparation of small object for examination/display).

    Sense 1 is definitely the intended target.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: wheel
Target surface form: wheels
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on <t>wheels</t>, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=wheel%1:06:00:: | definition=a simple machine consisting of a circular frame with spokes (or a solid disc) that can rotate on a shaft or axle (as in vehicles or other machines)
2. sense_key=wheel%1:06:05:: | definition=a handwheel that is used for steering | synonyms=steering wheel
3. sense_key=wheel%1:07:00:: | definition=forces that provide energy and direction | examples=the wheels of government began to turn
4. sense_key=wheel%1:06:01:: | definition=a circular helm to control the rudder of a vessel
5. sense_key=wheel%1:06:03:: | definition=game equipment consisting of a wheel with slots that is used for gambling; the wheel rotates horizontally and players bet on which slot the roulette ball will stop in | synonyms=roulette wheel
6. sense_key=wheel%1:06:02:: | definition=an instrument of torture that stretches or disjoints or mutilates victims | synonyms=rack
7. sense_key=wheel%1:06:06:: | definition=a wheeled vehicle that has two wheels and is moved by foot pedals | synonyms=bicycle, bike, cycle

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Lemma and Surface Form:**
    *   Lemma: wheel
    *   Surface form: wheels (plural noun)

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The text describes bell ringing (change ringing) in a church.
    *   Sentence: "Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on <t>wheels</t>, swing madly through a full 360 degrees..."
    *   Key imagery: Bells are mounted on these objects. They swing 360 degrees.
    *   Function: These objects allow the heavy bells to rotate/swing.

3.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses:**

    *   *Sense 1: a simple machine consisting of a circular frame with spokes (or a solid disc) that can rotate on a shaft or axle (as in vehicles or other machines)*
        *   Analysis: In change ringing, bells are attached to wheels (large wooden wheels). The wheel rotates to swing the bell. This fits the definition of a simple machine/frame that rotates. The bell is mounted *on* the wheel, and the wheel rotates. This is a literal mechanical wheel.

    *   *Sense 2: a handwheel that is used for steering | synonyms=steering wheel*
        *   Analysis: This refers specifically to a steering wheel in a car or boat. The context is a church belfry. Incorrect.

    *   *Sense 3: forces that provide energy and direction | examples=the wheels of government began to turn*
        *   Analysis: This is a metaphorical sense. The text refers to physical objects ("huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels"). Incorrect.

    *   *Sense 4: a circular helm to control the rudder of a vessel*
        *   Analysis: Specific to ships. Context is a church. Incorrect.

    *   *Sense 5: game equipment consisting of a wheel with slots that is used for gambling... | synonyms=roulette wheel*
        *   Analysis: Specific to gambling. Incorrect.

    *   *Sense 6: an instrument of torture... | synonyms=rack*
        *   Analysis: No relation to the context. Incorrect.

    *   *Sense 7: a wheeled vehicle that has two wheels and is moved by foot pedals | synonyms=bicycle, bike, cycle*
        *   Analysis: Refers to the whole vehicle, not a component part. Context implies a component part holding a bell. Incorrect.

4.  **Refine Decision:**
    *   Sense 1 is the general definition of a physical wheel.
    *   In bell ringing, the "bell wheel" is a large wooden wheel to which the bell is attached. The rope wraps around the wheel. Pulling the rope turns the wheel, which swings the bell.
    *   This fits the definition of a circular frame that can rotate. While WordNet mentions "vehicles or other machines", the core definition "simple machine consisting of a circular frame... that can rotate" applies perfectly to the mechanism in a belfry.

5.  **Final Selection:**
    *   Sense 1 is the correct choice.

6.  **Format Output:**
    *   JSON object: `{"sense_index": 1}`


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: swing
Target surface form: swing
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, <t>swing</t> madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=swing%2:38:02:: | definition=move in a curve or arc, usually with the intent of hitting | examples=He swung his left fist; swing a bat
2. sense_key=swing%2:38:00:: | definition=move or walk in a swinging or swaying manner | synonyms=sway | examples=He swung back
3. sense_key=swing%2:38:03:: | definition=change direction with a swinging motion; turn | examples=swing back; swing forward
4. sense_key=swing%2:41:01:: | definition=influence decisively | synonyms=swing over | examples=This action swung many votes over to his side
5. sense_key=swing%2:35:00:: | definition=make a big sweeping gesture or movement | synonyms=sweep, swing out
6. sense_key=swing%2:42:00:: | definition=hang freely | synonyms=dangle, drop | examples=the ornaments dangled from the tree; The light dropped from the ceiling
7. sense_key=swing%2:33:00:: | definition=hit or aim at with a sweeping arm movement | examples=The soccer player began to swing at the referee
8. sense_key=swing%2:30:08:: | definition=alternate dramatically between high and low values | examples=his mood swings; the market is swinging up and down
9. sense_key=swing%2:42:01:: | definition=live in a lively, modern, and relaxed style | examples=The Woodstock generation attempted to swing freely
10. sense_key=swing%2:42:10:: | definition=have a certain musical rhythm | examples=The music has to swing
11. sense_key=swing%2:41:00:: | definition=be a social swinger; socialize a lot | synonyms=get around
12. sense_key=swing%2:36:03:: | definition=play with a subtle and intuitively felt sense of rhythm
13. sense_key=swing%2:35:08:: | definition=engage freely in promiscuous sex, often with the husband or wife of one's friends | examples=There were many swinging couples in the 1960's

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   Sentence: "Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, <t>swing</t> madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position."
    *   Subject: "huge bronze bells" (mounted on wheels).
    *   Action: moving "madly through a full 360 degrees".
    *   Nature of motion: An arc or curve, starting and ending inverted. It's a physical movement of an object (the bell) back and forth or around an axis to produce sound.

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**
    *   *Sense 1:* "move in a curve or arc, usually with the intent of hitting". Examples: swinging a fist, swinging a bat.
        *   Fit: The bells move in a curve/arc. Is the intent "hitting"? In a broad sense, the clapper hits the bell, but the motion of the bell itself isn't "swinging to hit" in the agentive way a person swings a fist. However, the "move in a curve or arc" part is very relevant.
    *   *Sense 2:* "move or walk in a swinging or swaying manner". Synonyms: sway. Examples: He swung back.
        *   Fit: Usually applies to people or loose objects swaying. The bells are mounted on wheels and make a full rotation/arc. "Sway" implies a gentler or less controlled motion, whereas "swing" here involves a 360-degree motion.
    *   *Sense 3:* "change direction with a swinging motion; turn". Examples: swing back; swing forward.
        *   Fit: Often applies to doors, gates, or vehicles changing direction. The bells are indeed turning/swinging, but the definition focuses on "changing direction".
    *   *Sense 4:* "influence decisively". (Metaphorical). Fit: No.
    *   *Sense 5:* "make a big sweeping gesture or movement". Synonyms: sweep. Fit: Possible, but usually implies an agent making a gesture or a sweeping physical action. The bells are inanimate objects moving mechanically.
    *   *Sense 6:* "hang freely". Synonyms: dangle. Fit: The bells are mounted on wheels and move through 360 degrees; they aren't just hanging/dangling loosely.
    *   *Sense 7:* "hit or aim at with a sweeping arm movement". Fit: No.
    *   *Sense 8:* "alternate dramatically between high and low values". (Metaphorical). Fit: No.
    *   *Sense 9-13:* Social, musical rhythm, promiscuous sex. Fit: No.

3.  **Refine the Choice:**
    The physical motion of a bell in a belfry is a specific type of swinging. It moves in an arc (or full circle).
    Let's look closer at Sense 1 vs Sense 2 vs Sense 3 vs Sense 5.

    *   Sense 1: "move in a curve or arc". The gloss mentions "usually with the intent of hitting". While bells are rung to make sound (hitting), the definition heavily implies an agent wielding an object to strike something. The bells themselves are the objects moving.
    *   Sense 3: "change direction with a swinging motion; turn". This is often used for things like doors or gates swinging open/shut.
    *   Let's check other WordNet senses not listed or generic physical motion.
    *   Actually, looking at the provided list, Sense 1 ("move in a curve or arc") captures the geometry of the motion best (through a full 360 degrees), despite the "intent of hitting" clause being slightly mismatched for the *bell's* agency (the bell doesn't intend, the ringer does). However, in bell ringing, the motion is indeed an arc.
    *   Sense 5 ("make a big sweeping gesture or movement") usually applies to a person.
    *   Sense 2 ("sway") is usually back and forth without full rotation.

    Let's reconsider Sense 1. The core definition is "move in a curve or arc". The bells swing in an arc. The example "swing a bat" involves an object moving in an arc. The bells move in an arc.
    Let's reconsider Sense 3. "change direction... turn". The bell swings *through* a full 360 degrees. It starts upside down, goes 360, ends upside down. It is turning.

    Let's look for a sense that fits "object swinging".
    If I look at WordNet 3.1 or 3.0 for `swing` (verb):
    1. `swing%2:38:01::` (often synonymous with the one listed as Sense 1 here): "move in a curve or arc, usually with the intent of hitting". Note: The list provided has `swing%2:38:02::` for Sense 1.
    Is there a generic "move in an arc" sense?
    Let's check Sense 1's synonyms/examples again. "He swung his left fist". Agentive.
    What about an object swinging on its own (or pulled)? "The pendulum swung back and forth."
    In standard WordNet:
    - `swing%2:38:00::`: "move or walk in a swinging or swaying manner" (Sense 2 here).
    - `swing%2:38:01::`: "move in a curve or arc, usually with the intent of hitting" (Sense 1 here is 2:38:02).

    Let's evaluate the "curve or arc" aspect. The bells go through a "full 360 degrees". This is an arc (a circle is a special case of an arc in motion).
    The most salient feature of the motion described is the arc/rotational movement.
    Sense 1 is the most physical description of the motion type (arc/curve), even if the "intent to hit" is a distractor intended for human agents. The geometry matches best.

    However, let's check Sense 3 again. "change direction with a swinging motion; turn". Example: "swing back".
    The text says "swing madly through a full 360 degrees".
    Does the bell "change direction"? It rotates.
    Often, specific "bell ringing" senses are not in WordNet.
    Comparing Sense 1 and Sense 3:
    Sense 1: "move in a curve or arc". (Geometry matches).
    Sense 3: "change direction... turn". (Geometry matches less specifically).

    Is there a better fit?
    Sense 5: "make a big sweeping gesture or movement". Synonym "sweep". The bells are huge bronze bells. They "sweep" through the air. But "gesture" implies animacy.

    Let's go back to Sense 1. "move in a curve or arc".
    In many WSD tasks, the definition "move in a curve or arc" covers mechanical swinging (like pendulums or bells), even if the "intent of hitting" part of the gloss suggests a narrower prototype (like swinging a bat). The structural movement is the defining characteristic.
    Consider the sentence: "The pendulum swings." This usually maps to the "move in a curve or arc" sense or a specific "oscillate" sense if available. Here, we have "move in a curve or arc" (Sense 1) vs "move or walk... sway" (Sense 2).
    Sense 2 implies "swaying" or loose hanging. Bells on wheels performing a 360 rotation are performing a forceful, controlled arc motion.
    Sense 1 seems the strongest fit for the geometric motion, ignoring the "intent" constraint which is often pragmatic/prototypical rather than absolute in WordNet glosses.

    Let's check Sense 3 again. "change direction with a swinging motion". This is often used for things swinging open (doors) or moving from one position to another. The bells are moving continuously.
    Sense 1 seems the best match for the physical trajectory described ("curve or arc").

    Let's double check Sense 1's ID: `swing%2:38:02::`.
    Let's double check Sense 3's ID: `swing%2:38:03::`.

    Let's look at the text: "huge bronze bells ... swing madly through a full 360 degrees".
    This is a rotational motion.
    WordNet sense `swing%2:38:01::` (often the first 'move in a curve' sense) is frequently used for pendulums, bells, etc.
    The specific sense provided here (Sense 1) has the gloss "move in a curve or arc, usually with the intent of hitting".
    Is there another sense?
    Sense 2: "move or walk... sway". This doesn't fit the 360 rotation.
    Sense 3: "change direction... turn". "Turn" might fit, but "swing" usually implies the back-and-forth or rotational momentum, which Sense 1 captures via "curve or arc".

    Let's look at similar WSD contexts. "The gate swung open". Usually maps to "move in a curve/arc" or "change direction".
    Here, the bells are moving through a full circle.
    If we check the mapping for "The pendulum swings", it usually falls under the general motion sense.
    Sense 1 is the most general motion sense for the physical action of swinging an object (or an object swinging). The "intent to hit" is a "usually" qualifier in the gloss, implying it is the prototype, but the core definition is "move in a curve or arc". The bells move in a curve/arc.

    Sense 3 ("change direction... turn") is often used for pivoting.
    Sense 1 ("move in a curve or arc") captures the dynamics of the bell's movement best.

    Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice among the options, despite the gloss's focus on hitting. The geometry of the motion (curve/arc) matches the "full 360 degrees" rotation of the bells.

    Wait, let's reconsider Sense 5: "make a big sweeping gesture or movement". Synonyms: sweep, swing out.
    Does "sweep" fit? "The bells sweep through 360 degrees".
    But "gesture" applies to living beings. "Movement" applies generally.
    However, Sense 1 is the primary sense for the physical motion of swinging. In WordNet, Sense 1 (or the low numbered senses) usually captures the primary physical movement.

    Let's look at the Sense Keys.
    Sense 1: `swing%2:38:02::`. (Verb body motion?)
    Sense 2: `swing%2:38:00::`.
    The order in the prompt is just a list.

    Let's look at the "sway" sense (Sense 2). Bells "sway" when they are just hanging. But here they are "swinging madly".
    Let's look at "move in a curve or arc" (Sense 1).
    Let's look at "change direction" (Sense 3).

    Definition of "swing" in OED or Merriam-Webster:
    "to cause to move in a curve or arc through the air" or "to move freely to and fro".
    The bells move through a full circle. This is a specific type of swinging (full circle).
    WordNet Sense 1: "move in a curve or arc".
    WordNet Sense 3: "change direction... turn".

    The sentence emphasizes the *motion* ("swing madly through a full 360 degrees").
    Sense 1 describes the *nature* of the motion (curve/arc).
    Sense 3 describes the *result* of the motion (change direction/turn).
    The text describes the trajectory. Sense 1 is appropriate.

    Final check: Sense 1's gloss mentions "intent of hitting".
    Is there a distinct sense for "oscillate"?
    Sense 2 mentions "swaying".
    If I have to choose between "curve or arc" (Sense 1) and "sway" (Sense 2).
    "Sway" suggests instability or gentle rocking. "Swing madly through 360 degrees" is a vigorous, powered arc. Sense 1 is a better description of the mechanics (arc motion), even if the agent differs from the gloss examples.

    Most WSD systems would tag "bells swing" with the "move in a curve or arc" sense.

    One more check: Sense 5 "make a big sweeping... movement". "Sweeping" is in the definition. But Sense 1 is the fundamental physical sense.
    I will select Sense 1.

    Wait, looking at the provided list order.
    1. move in a curve or arc...
    2. move or walk in a swinging or swaying manner...
    3. change direction...

    If I look at standard WordNet 3.0:
    1. swing, sway -- (move or walk in a swinging or swaying manner; "He swung back")
    2. swing, swing over -- (influence decisively; "This action swung many votes over to his side")
    3. swing -- (make a big sweeping gesture or movement)
    4. swing -- (hang freely; "the ornaments dangled from the tree")
    5. swing -- (hit or aim at with a sweeping arm movement; "The soccer player began to swing at the referee")
    6. swing -- (alternate dramatically between high and low values; "his mood swings")
    7. swing -- (live in a lively, modern, and relaxed style)
    8. swing -- (have a certain musical rhythm; "The music has to swing")
    9. swing -- (be a social swinger; socialize a lot)
    10. swing -- (play with a subtle and intuitively felt sense of rhythm)
    11. swing -- (engage freely in promiscuous sex...)

    Wait, the provided list has specific sense keys.
    Sense 1 in list: `swing%2:38:02::`. Gloss: "move in a curve or arc, usually with the intent of hitting".
    Sense 2 in list: `swing%2:38:00::`. Gloss: "move or walk in a swinging or swaying manner".

    Let's check WordNet 3.1 lexicographer files or online interfaces.
    `swing%2:38:02::` corresponds to "move in a curve or arc...".
    `swing%2:38:00::` corresponds to "move or walk... sway".

    Context: Bells swing madly.
    Do they "move in a curve or arc"? Yes.
    Do they "move or walk in a swinging or swaying manner"? "Sway" is often used for things like trees or drunk people. Bells on wheels are constrained but move in an arc.
    The 360 degree motion is a strong "arc". It fits Sense 1 perfectly in terms of geometry. The "intent of hitting" is gloss baggage typical of the most common usage (agentive). In WSD, the geometric/motion definition often supersedes the specific agentive constraint if no other sense fits better.
    Sense 3 ("change direction") is less fitting for the continuous motion described ("swing madly").

    Therefore, I pick Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: madly
Target surface form: madly
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing <t>madly</t> through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=madly%4:02:02:: | definition=in an uncontrolled manner | synonyms=frantically | examples=she fought back madly
2. sense_key=madly%4:02:01:: | definition=in an insane manner | synonyms=insanely, crazily, dementedly | examples=she behaved insanely; he behaves crazily when he is off his medication
3. sense_key=madly%4:02:00:: | definition=(used as intensives) extremely | synonyms=insanely, deadly, deucedly, devilishly | examples=she was madly in love; deadly dull

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output: sense_index": 1}

content: sense_index": 1}

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word**: The target word is "madly" (adverb).
2.  **Analyze the context**:
    *   Sentence: "Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing **madly** through a full 360 degrees..."
    *   Subject: Huge bronze bells.
    *   Action: Swinging through a full 360 degrees.
    *   Contextual details: Mounted on wheels, starting and ending inverted. It describes a physical motion of heavy objects.
    *   Connotation: It implies rapid, energetic, perhaps violent or uncontrolled motion, but in a mechanical/physical sense rather than a mental state.
3.  **Analyze the candidate senses**:
    *   **Sense 1**: `madly%4:02:02::` | Definition: "in an uncontrolled manner" | Synonyms: frantically | Example: "she fought back madly".
        *   *Analysis*: This fits the physical description well. The bells are swinging wildly. "Uncontrolled" captures the physical kinetic energy. "Frantically" is often used for agents, but "uncontrolled manner" applies to the motion here. The bells are swinging energetically and seemingly wildly (though they are timed by ringers, the swing itself covers 360 degrees, which is a huge arc). Actually, looking closer at the text: "Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing..." suggesting there is control, but the *visual* of the bell swinging 360 degrees looks like uncontrolled/wild motion. Let's look at Sense 2.
    *   **Sense 2**: `madly%4:02:01::` | Definition: "in an insane manner" | Synonyms: insanely, crazily, dementedly | Example: "she behaved insanely".
        *   *Analysis*: This refers to mental insanity. Bells do not have minds, so they cannot behave insanely in a literal sense. While one might metaphorically say a machine is going crazy, Sense 1 ("uncontrolled manner") is a closer physical description than "insane manner" usually reserved for sentient beings. However, let's check if "madly" implies "insanely" in a kinetic way. Usually, "swinging wildly" or "frantically" is better.
    *   **Sense 3**: `madly%4:02:00::` | Definition: "(used as intensives) extremely" | Synonyms: insanely, deadly | Example: "madly in love".
        *   *Analysis*: This is an intensifier. "Swing extremely through a full 360 degrees" doesn't make grammatical sense. It modifies the verb "swing" describing the *manner*, not an adjective like "in love" or "dull".
4.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 2**:
    *   Sense 1 (Uncontrolled manner/Frantically) vs Sense 2 (Insane manner).
    *   Context: "swing madly".
    *   Does it mean "swing insanely"? Or "swing in an uncontrolled/wild manner"?
    *   In physical contexts (inanimate objects), "madly" usually implies chaotic, violent, or wild motion.
    *   WordNet distinguishes "uncontrolled manner" (Sense 1) from "insane manner" (Sense 2).
    *   The motion of a bell swinging 360 degrees is physically vigorous and, to the observer, appears uncontrolled or wild (even if ringers control the timing). The synonym "frantically" in Sense 1 fits the kinetic energy better than "dementedly" in Sense 2.
    *   Sense 1 is defined as "in an uncontrolled manner". The bells are swinging through a full circle. That is a very intense motion. The synonym "frantically" captures the high energy/speed aspect.
    *   Let's check the examples again. Sense 1 example: "she fought back madly". This is physical action. Sense 2 example: "she behaved insanely". This is behavior/conduct.
    *   "Swing" is a physical action. Therefore, Sense 1 is the appropriate sense for physical motion.

    *   *Self-Correction/Refinement*: Is it Sense 2? Sometimes "madly" is used to mean "wildly". Does "wildly" fall under "uncontrolled" or "insane"? "Wildly" is often a synonym for "madly" in physical contexts. WordNet Sense 1 specifically says "in an uncontrolled manner". A 360-degree swing is definitely an intense, seemingly uncontrolled (or just very wild) movement compared to a small sway. The text emphasizes the physical work and the huge arc.
    *   Sense 2 (insane manner) is clearly for sentient behavior (mental state).
    *   Sense 3 (intensifier) doesn't fit the syntax.
    *   Conclusion: Sense 1 is the best fit. It describes the manner of the physical movement as uncontrolled/wild/frantic.

5.  **Final Selection**: Sense 1.
    *   Target: "swing madly".
    *   Sense 1: "in an uncontrolled manner".
    *   Fit: Perfect for describing the physical action of the bells.

provider: Amazon Bedrock


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: madly
Target surface form: madly
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing <t>madly</t> through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=madly%4:02:02:: | definition=in an uncontrolled manner | synonyms=frantically | examples=she fought back madly
2. sense_key=madly%4:02:01:: | definition=in an insane manner | synonyms=insanely, crazily, dementedly | examples=she behaved insanely; he behaves crazily when he is off his medication
3. sense_key=madly%4:02:00:: | definition=(used as intensives) extremely | synonyms=insanely, deadly, deucedly, devilishly | examples=she was madly in love; deadly dull

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

[Assistant] sense_index": 1}

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 3. Return only valid JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:**
    *   **Task:** Fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD).
    *   **Target Lemma:** `madly`.
    *   **Context:** A paragraph describing church bell ringers and the physical motion of the bells. The specific sentence is: "Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing <t>madly</t> through a full 360 degrees..."
    *   **Candidate Senses:**
        1.  `madly%4:02:02::`: "in an uncontrolled manner" (synonyms: frantically).
        2.  `madly%4:02:01::`: "in an insane manner" (synonyms: insanely, crazily).
        3.  `madly%4:02:00::`: "(used as intensives) extremely" (synonyms: insanely, deadly).
    *   **Constraints:** Choose a single best indexed sense (1, 2, or 3). Do not hedge. Return only a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`.

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The subject of the verb phrase "swing madly" is "huge bronze bells".
    *   The bells are inanimate objects. They cannot be "insane" (Sense 2).
    *   They are not experiencing emotions like love or being described as "deadly dull" in an intensive way (Sense 3 usually applies to adjectives or emotional states like "madly in love").
    *   The action is "swing... through a full 360 degrees".
    *   The bells are "mounted on wheels" and "starting and ending... in the inverted... position".
    *   The motion is described as "madly" in the sense of energetic, rapid, perhaps chaotic-looking physical movement. While the ringers are skilled and the timing is precise ("time their pulls"), the visual of a heavy object swinging 360 degrees suggests a vigorous, potentially uncontrolled-looking (to the uninitiated eye) or frantic physical motion.
    *   Let's check Sense 1: "in an uncontrolled manner". Synonym: "frantically". Example: "she fought back madly".
    *   Does a bell swing "frantically"? In the context of church bells, they swing with great momentum and energy. While the *ringers* are in control, the motion of the bell itself—swinging a full 360 degrees—is a violent, rapid motion. "Uncontrolled" fits the physics of the swing better than "insane" (mental state) or "extremely" (intensifier).
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 3: "extremely". Can you swing "extremely"? You can swing "wildly". But "madly" as an intensifier usually modifies adjectives ("madly jealous") or verbs of emotion/existence ("madly in love"). It doesn't typically modify physical motion verbs like "swing" to mean "extremely".
    *   Let's re-evaluate Sense 1: "in an uncontrolled manner". Synonyms: frantically. If a machine or object moves "madly", it usually means it is shaking or moving violently and seemingly without order (even if physics dictates it). The text mentions "snaking of the ropes" and the bells starting/ending inverted. The image is one of vigorous physical activity. Among the choices, Sense 1 is the physical motion sense.

3.  **Compare Senses:**
    *   Sense 2 (Insane manner): Requires a sentient being with a mind. Bells don't have minds. Discard.
    *   Sense 3 (Intensifier/Extremely): Usually modifies adjectives ("madly handsome") or specific states. "Swing extremely" is awkward. "Swing frantically" (Sense 1 synonym) makes sense metaphorically for an object moving violently.
    *   Sense 1 (Uncontrolled manner): "The bells swing madly". This fits the physical description of heavy objects moving violently or rapidly through a full circle. The synonym "frantically" captures the energy of the motion.

4.  **Final Decision:** Sense 1 is the correct choice because it describes physical movement/manner of action, whereas Sense 2 requires sanity/insanity and Sense 3 is an intensifier for degree/adjectives.

    *   Context match: "swing madly" -> manner of motion.
    *   Sense 1: "in an uncontrolled manner". This is the physical motion sense.

5.  **Format Output:** `{"sense_index": 1}`.

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: full
Target surface form: full
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a <t>full</t> 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=full%3:00:00:: | definition=containing as much or as many as is possible or normal | examples=a full glass; a sky full of stars
2. sense_key=full%5:00:01:whole:00 | definition=constituting the full quantity or extent; complete | synonyms=entire, total | examples=an entire town devastated by an earthquake; gave full attention
3. sense_key=full%5:00:00:complete:00 | definition=complete in extent or degree and in every particular | synonyms=total | examples=a full game; a total eclipse
4. sense_key=full%5:00:00:nourished:00 | definition=filled to satisfaction with food or drink | synonyms=replete | examples=a full stomach
5. sense_key=full%3:00:01:: | definition=(of sound) having marked deepness and body | examples=full tones; a full voice
6. sense_key=full%5:00:00:ample:00 | definition=having the normally expected amount | synonyms=good | examples=gives full measure; gives good measure
7. sense_key=full%5:00:00:high:02 | definition=being at a peak or culminating point | synonyms=broad | examples=broad daylight; full summer
8. sense_key=full%5:00:02:ample:00 | definition=having ample fabric | synonyms=wide, wide-cut | examples=the current taste for wide trousers; a full skirt

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Word and Context:**
    *   **Lemma:** full
    *   **Context Sentence:** "...swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position."
    *   **Key Phrase:** "a full 360 degrees".
    *   **Meaning in Context:** The bells swing through the entire circle, the complete rotation. It's not a partial swing; it's the whole rotation. The word modifies a measurement/extent (360 degrees).

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** "containing as much or as many as is possible or normal". (e.g., a full glass). This usually applies to containers or amounts of substances. "A full 360 degrees" isn't really about containing something.
    *   **Sense 2:** "constituting the full quantity or extent; complete". Synonyms: entire, total. (e.g., an entire town devastated...; gave full attention). This looks promising. "Full 360" means the entire quantity of the circle.
    *   **Sense 3:** "complete in extent or degree and in every particular". Synonyms: total. (e.g., a full game; a total eclipse). This is also very similar to sense 2. It emphasizes completeness.
    *   **Sense 4:** "filled to satisfaction with food or drink". Irrelevant.
    *   **Sense 5:** "(of sound) having marked deepness and body". Irrelevant.
    *   **Sense 6:** "having the normally expected amount". (e.g., gives full measure). This usually implies meeting a standard or expectation, not necessarily an absolute total like "360 degrees".
    *   **Sense 7:** "being at a peak or culminating point". (e.g., broad daylight, full summer). Irrelevant.
    *   **Sense 8:** "having ample fabric". Irrelevant.

3.  **Distinguish between Sense 2 and Sense 3:**
    *   **Sense 2:** "constituting the full quantity or extent; complete". Examples: "an entire town", "gave full attention". This sense often applies to spatial extent or a set of things (entire town).
    *   **Sense 3:** "complete in extent or degree and in every particular". Examples: "a full game", "a total eclipse".

    Let's look closer at the usage "a full 360 degrees".
    "360 degrees" is a measurement of extent/angle.
    Sense 3's example "a total eclipse" is a specific event where the extent is total/complete.
    Sense 2's definition mentions "constituting the full quantity or extent".

    Let's check the granularity. Often, WordNet senses overlap. Let's look at the synonyms provided.
    Sense 2 synonyms: entire, total.
    Sense 3 synonyms: total.

    Let's look at the examples again.
    Sense 2: "an entire town" (spatial/geographical extent).
    Sense 3: "a full game" (duration/completeness of an event), "a total eclipse" (completeness of a phenomenon).

    "A full 360 degrees" describes a spatial rotation.
    However, the phrase "full [number] [unit]" usually emphasizes that the quantity is not partial, but the maximum possible.

    Let's look at Sense 1 again: "containing as much or as many as is possible or normal". "A full glass" fits here.
    Sense 2: "constituting the full quantity or extent". This fits "full speed", "full capacity".
    Sense 3: "complete in extent or degree". This fits "full detail".

    Let's try to map "full 360 degrees" to the definitions strictly.
    "360 degrees" is the full extent of a circle.
    Is it Sense 2 (constituting the full quantity)?
    Or Sense 3 (complete in extent or degree)?

    Sense 3 feels slightly more applicable to "degree" (measurement). "Complete in extent or degree".
    Sense 2 examples ("entire town") suggests a holistic/undivided entity.
    Sense 3 examples ("full game", "total eclipse") suggests reaching the maximum limit/extent of a variable (time, shadow coverage).
    "Full 360 degrees" is reaching the maximum limit of the rotation.

    However, let's look at Sense 2 again. "constituting the full quantity or extent; complete". Synonyms: entire, total.
    Does "full" here mean "entire"? Yes. "The entire 360 degrees".
    Does it mean "complete"? Yes.

    Let's look at the difference in WordNet 3.0/3.1 definitions (assuming this is based on WordNet).
    WordNet 3.0:
    S2 (adj all): constituting the full quantity or extent; complete. "an entire town devastated by an earthquake"; "gave full attention".
    S3 (adj full): complete in extent or degree and in every particular. "a full game"; "a total eclipse".

    The distinction is subtle.
    S2 seems to focus on "whole" vs "part" (an entire town vs part of a town).
    S3 seems to focus on the completeness of a specific instance/event or reaching the limit (a full game vs partial game; total eclipse vs partial eclipse).

    "A full 360 degrees". Is 360 degrees an entity like a town? Or a limit/extent of a cycle like an eclipse?
    It's a limit/extent of a cycle. A partial swing would be less than 360. A full swing is 360.
    "Total eclipse" is the perfect parallel in S3. A partial eclipse is less than total. A partial swing is less than 360.
    "Full game" is the parallel in S3. A partial game is less.

    Therefore, Sense 3 is the best fit because it deals with degrees/measurements of extent reaching a maximum, similar to "total eclipse".

    Let's double-check Sense 2.
    "Entire town" -> The town is the object. The extent is the town itself.
    "Full 360 degrees" -> 360 degrees is the extent.
    The phrasing "a full [measurement]" usually aligns with the "complete in extent" definition found in Sense 3.
    For example, "a full mile", "a full hour". These often map to the sense meaning 'entire' or 'complete'. In WordNet, "a full mile" is often cited under the sense meaning "complete in extent".

    Actually, let's look at the examples for S3 again: "a full game", "a total eclipse".
    "A full 360 degrees" implies the complete extent of the rotation.
    This aligns with S3's definition "complete in extent or degree".
    S2's definition "constituting the full quantity or extent" is very similar, but the examples "entire town" and "gave full attention" feel slightly different. "Entire town" refers to the object itself being whole. "Full attention" refers to the mental capacity.
    "Full 360 degrees" refers to a measurement "degree". "Complete in extent or degree" (S3) explicitly mentions "degree".
    S3 definition: "complete in **extent or degree**".
    Context: "full 360 **degrees**".

    This explicit mention of "degree" in the definition of Sense 3 makes it the strong winner.

    Let's verify S1 again. "containing as much or as possible". "A full glass". This is about containment.
    S6: "having the normally expected amount". "Full measure". This is about fairness/standard.

    Decision: Sense 3.
    Reason: The definition "complete in extent or degree" explicitly covers the usage of "full" modifying a measurement (degrees). The examples "total eclipse" and "full game" support the idea of reaching a maximum extent or limit, just as "full 360 degrees" describes the maximum extent of a rotation.

    Wait, let's re-read Sense 2 definition: "constituting the full quantity or extent; complete".
    Is there a reason to prefer 2?
    "The full quantity". 360 degrees is the full quantity of a circle.
    However, S3 has "complete in extent or degree". The word "degree" is in the definition.
    Usually, when a definition explicitly uses the word form found in the context (degree), it's the intended sense.

    Let's check WordNet mappings for "full circle" or "full 360".
    Often "full circle" maps to the sense meaning "complete/whole".
    Let's look at Sense 3 again. Synonyms: total.
    "A total 360 degrees" makes sense.

    Let's look at Sense 2 again. Synonyms: entire, total.
    "An entire 360 degrees" makes sense.

    What distinguishes them?
    S2 is often 'adj all' in WordNet.
    S3 is 'adj full' in WordNet.

    Let's look at examples again.
    S2: "an entire town", "gave full attention".
    S3: "a full game", "a total eclipse".

    "Full game" refers to the duration/extent of the game.
    "Total eclipse" refers to the extent of the coverage.
    "Full 360 degrees" refers to the extent of the rotation.
    These match S3 better than S2 (which refers to the "entire town" - a spatial entity, or "full attention" - a state).
    S3 seems to handle measurable variables/parameters (game duration, eclipse coverage, rotation degrees) better.

    Therefore, Sense 3 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: degree
Target surface form: degrees
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 <t>degrees</t>, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=degree%1:07:00:: | definition=a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality | synonyms=grade, level | examples=a moderate grade of intelligence; a high level of care is required
2. sense_key=degree%1:26:01:: | definition=a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process | synonyms=level, stage, point | examples=a remarkable degree of frankness; at what stage are the social sciences?
3. sense_key=degree%1:10:00:: | definition=an award conferred by a college or university signifying that the recipient has satisfactorily completed a course of study | synonyms=academic degree | examples=he earned his degree at Princeton summa cum laude
4. sense_key=degree%1:23:00:: | definition=a measure for arcs and angles | synonyms=arcdegree | examples=there are 360 degrees in a circle
5. sense_key=degree%1:09:00:: | definition=the highest power of a term or variable
6. sense_key=degree%1:23:03:: | definition=a unit of temperature on a specified scale | examples=the game was played in spite of the 40-degree temperature
7. sense_key=degree%1:07:01:: | definition=the seriousness of something (e.g., a burn or crime) | examples=murder in the second degree; a second degree burn

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Word and Context:**
    *   **Target Lemma:** degree
    *   **Target Surface Form:** degrees (plural)
    *   **Context Sentence:** "Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 <t>degrees</t>, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position."

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** "a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality" (synonyms: grade, level). Example: "a moderate grade of intelligence". This refers to abstract levels or grades.
    *   **Sense 2:** "a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process" (synonyms: level, stage, point). Example: "a remarkable degree of frankness". This refers to a stage in a process or extent.
    *   **Sense 3:** "an award conferred by a college or university..." (synonyms: academic degree). Example: "he earned his degree at Princeton". This refers to educational qualifications.
    *   **Sense 4:** "a measure for arcs and angles" (synonyms: arcdegree). Example: "there are 360 degrees in a circle". This refers to geometrical measurement.
    *   **Sense 5:** "the highest power of a term or variable". This refers to mathematics (polynomials).
    *   **Sense 6:** "a unit of temperature on a specified scale". Example: "40-degree temperature". This refers to heat/cold.
    *   **Sense 7:** "the seriousness of something (e.g., a burn or crime)". Example: "murder in the second degree". This refers to classification of severity for specific things like crimes or burns.

3.  **Match Context to Senses:**
    *   The context mentions "swing madly through a full 360 <t>degrees</t>".
    *   "360 degrees" refers to a full rotation or circle.
    *   This is a direct measurement of an arc or angle of rotation.
    *   Sense 4 definition: "a measure for arcs and angles". Example: "there are 360 degrees in a circle".
    *   This matches perfectly. The bells swing through a full circle (360 degrees).

4.  **Eliminate Other Senses:**
    *   Sense 1 (intensity/amount): Incorrect. It's not about intensity.
    *   Sense 2 (continuum/process): Incorrect. It's not about a stage in a process.
    *   Sense 3 (academic award): Incorrect.
    *   Sense 5 (math variable power): Incorrect.
    *   Sense 6 (temperature): Incorrect.
    *   Sense 7 (seriousness): Incorrect.

5.  **Conclusion:**
    *   The context describes physical rotation/geometry.
    *   Sense 4 is the correct sense for angular measurement.

6.  **Format Output:**
    *   Return JSON: {"sense_index": 4}

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: start
Target surface form: starting
Context:
A series of 5,000 or so changes is a "peal "and takes about three hours. A look at a Thursday night practice at St. Mary Abbot church in the Kensington district of London gives an idea of the work involved. Ten shirt-sleeved ringers stand in a circle, one foot ahead of the other in a prize-fighter's stance, each pulling a rope that disappears through a small hole in the high ceiling of the ringing chamber. No one speaks, and the snaking of the ropes seems to make as much sound as the bells themselves, muffled by the ceiling. Totally absorbed, the ringers stare straight ahead, using peripheral vision (they call it "rope-sight ") to watch the other ropes and thus time their pulls. Far above in the belfry, the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, <t>starting</t> and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position. Skilled ringers use their wrists to advance or retard the next swing, so that one bell can swap places with another in the following change.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=start%2:30:00:: | definition=take the first step or steps in carrying out an action | synonyms=get down, begin, get, start out, set about, set out | examples=We began working at dawn; Who will start?
2. sense_key=start%2:30:01:: | definition=set in motion, cause to start | synonyms=begin, lead off, commence | examples=The U.S. started a war in the Middle East; The Iraqis began hostilities
3. sense_key=start%2:38:02:: | definition=leave | synonyms=depart, part, start out, set forth, set off, set out | examples=The family took off for Florida
4. sense_key=start%2:42:00:: | definition=have a beginning, in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense | synonyms=begin | examples=The DMZ begins right over the hill; The second movement begins after the Allegro
5. sense_key=start%2:36:00:: | definition=bring into being | synonyms=originate, initiate | examples=He initiated a new program; Start a foundation
6. sense_key=start%2:36:01:: | definition=get off the ground | synonyms=start up, embark on, commence | examples=Who started this company?; We embarked on an exciting enterprise
7. sense_key=start%2:38:04:: | definition=move or jump suddenly, as if in surprise or alarm | synonyms=startle, jump | examples=She startled when I walked into the room
8. sense_key=start%2:38:01:: | definition=get going or set in motion | synonyms=start up | examples=We simply could not start the engine; start up the computer
9. sense_key=start%2:38:00:: | definition=begin or set in motion | synonyms=go, get going | examples=I start at eight in the morning; Ready, set, go!
10. sense_key=start%2:41:00:: | definition=begin work or acting in a certain capacity, office or job | synonyms=take up | examples=Take up a position; start a new job
11. sense_key=start%2:33:00:: | definition=play in the starting lineup
12. sense_key=start%2:42:03:: | definition=have a beginning characterized in some specified way | synonyms=begin | examples=The novel begins with a murder; My property begins with the three maple trees
13. sense_key=start%2:41:04:: | definition=begin an event that is implied and limited by the nature or inherent function of the direct object | synonyms=begin | examples=begin a cigar; She started the soup while it was still hot
14. sense_key=start%2:38:03:: | definition=bulge outward | synonyms=protrude, pop, pop out, bulge, bulge out, bug out | examples=His eyes popped

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
The target word is "starting" in the context: "the huge bronze bells, mounted on wheels, swing madly through a full 360 degrees, starting and ending, surprisingly, in the inverted, or mouth-up position."

Let's analyze the context. The bells swing through a full 360 degrees, "starting and ending" in the inverted position. This means "starting" refers to the beginning of the swing or movement in a spatial or temporal sense.

Looking at the senses:
1. take the first step or steps in carrying out an action (begin an action) - doesn't fit spatial trajectory.
2. set in motion, cause to start (causative) - not causative here, the bells are just starting their motion.
3. leave (depart) - doesn't fit.
4. have a beginning, in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense | synonyms=begin | examples=The DMZ begins right over the hill - "starting and ending" in a spatial sense (the swing starts at the inverted position). This fits perfectly with "starting and ending".
5. bring into being - no.
6. get off the ground - no.
7. move or jump suddenly - no.
8. get going or set in motion (causative/start an engine) - no.
9. begin or set in motion - intransitive, could be "I start at eight", but sense 4 specifies "in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense", which matches the spatial trajectory of the bells.
10. begin work or acting in a certain capacity - no.
11. play in the starting lineup - no.
12. have a beginning characterized in some specified way - "The novel begins with a murder" - no.
13. begin an event that is implied... - no.
14. bulge outward - no.

Wait, let's look at sense 4 again: "have a beginning, in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense". The example "The DMZ begins right over the hill" shows spatial beginning. Here, the swing "starts" in the inverted position, which is a spatial and temporal beginning of the arc. "starting and ending" strongly points to having a beginning and an end (spatially/temporally).

Sense 4: definition=have a beginning, in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense | synonyms=begin | examples=The DMZ begins right over the hill; The second movement begins after the Allegro

Let's check sense 1: take the first step or steps in carrying out an action. Not really an "action" in the sense of an agent doing something.
Sense 9: begin or set in motion | synonyms=go, get going | examples=I start at eight in the morning; Ready, set, go! This is more about initiating an event or activity.

"starting and ending" - this pairing (beginning and ending) typically maps to the sense of having a beginning in time/space.
"The swing starts in the inverted position."
Sense 4 explicitly mentions "spatial" in its definition. "starting... in the inverted position" is a spatial beginning of the 360-degree swing.
So sense 4 is the best fit.

provider: SiliconFlow