[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: term
Target surface form: term
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long <t>term</t>. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=term%1:10:00:: | definition=a word or expression used for some particular thing | examples=he learned many medical terms
2. sense_key=term%1:28:00:: | definition=a limited period of time | examples=a prison term; he left school before the end of term
3. sense_key=term%1:10:02:: | definition=(usually plural) a statement of what is required as part of an agreement | synonyms=condition | examples=the contract set out the conditions of the lease; the terms of the treaty were generous
4. sense_key=term%1:09:00:: | definition=any distinct quantity contained in a polynomial | examples=the general term of an algebraic equation of the n-th degree
5. sense_key=term%1:10:01:: | definition=one of the substantive phrases in a logical proposition | examples=the major term of a syllogism must occur twice
6. sense_key=term%1:28:01:: | definition=the end of gestation or point at which birth is imminent | synonyms=full term | examples=a healthy baby born at full term
7. sense_key=term%1:06:00:: | definition=(architecture) a statue or a human bust or an animal carved out of the top of a square pillar; originally used as a boundary marker in ancient Rome | synonyms=terminus, terminal figure

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is: "Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long <t>term</t>."
    *   The phrase is "over the short and long term".
    *   This refers to time duration. Specifically, a span of time in the future.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   Sense 1: "a word or expression used for some particular thing" (e.g., medical terms). This is linguistic terminology.
    *   Sense 2: "a limited period of time" (e.g., a prison term; school term). This fits the context of "short and long term".
    *   Sense 3: "(usually plural) a statement of what is required as part of an agreement" (e.g., terms of the treaty). The text mentions a "deal" and "negotiation", but the specific instance refers to time duration ("over the short and long term"), not conditions of the contract. "Terms" (plural) would fit the negotiation context generally, but the specific target instance is singular "term" inside a temporal phrase.
    *   Sense 4: "any distinct quantity contained in a polynomial". Math context.
    *   Sense 5: "one of the substantive phrases in a logical proposition". Logic context.
    *   Sense 6: "the end of gestation...". Medical context.
    *   Sense 7: "a statue...". Architecture context.

3.  **Compare Context vs. Senses:**
    *   The phrase "over the short and long term" clearly indicates a temporal span. This aligns with Sense 2's definition: "a limited period of time".
    *   The examples for Sense 2 are "a prison term" and "he left school before the end of term". While "short term" and "long term" are often fixed idioms, they refer to periods of time.
    *   Sense 3 is a distractor because the article discusses agreements/treaties. However, the target word occurs in "short and long term", not "terms of the agreement". If the text said "the terms of the deal", it would be Sense 3. Here it refers to time horizons.

4.  **Conclusion:** Sense 2 is the correct match. It refers to a period of time.

5.  **Format Output:** JSON object {"sense_index": 2}.

provider: Phala


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: range
Target surface form: range
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a <t>range</t> of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=range%1:07:00:: | definition=an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: | synonyms=scope, reach, orbit, compass, ambit | examples=the range of a supersonic jet; a piano has a greater range than the human voice
2. sense_key=range%1:15:01:: | definition=the limits within which something can be effective | synonyms=reach | examples=range of motion; he was beyond the reach of their fire
3. sense_key=range%1:15:02:: | definition=a large tract of grassy open land on which livestock can graze | examples=they used to drive the cattle across the open range every spring; he dreamed of a home on the range
4. sense_key=range%1:17:00:: | definition=a series of hills or mountains | synonyms=mountain range, range of mountains, chain, mountain chain, chain of mountains | examples=the valley was between two ranges of hills; the plains lay just beyond the mountain range
5. sense_key=range%1:06:00:: | definition=a place for shooting (firing or driving) projectiles of various kinds | examples=the army maintains a missile range in the desert; any good golf club will have a range where you can practice
6. sense_key=range%1:14:00:: | definition=a variety of different things or activities | examples=he answered a range of questions; he was impressed by the range and diversity of the collection
7. sense_key=range%1:14:01:: | definition=(mathematics) the set of values of the dependent variable for which a function is defined | synonyms=image, range of a function | examples=the image of f(x) = x^2 is the set of all non-negative real numbers if the domain of the function is the set of all real numbers
8. sense_key=range%1:09:00:: | definition=the limit of capability | synonyms=compass, reach, grasp | examples=within the compass of education
9. sense_key=range%1:06:01:: | definition=a kitchen appliance used for cooking food | synonyms=stove, kitchen stove, kitchen range, cooking stove | examples=dinner was already on the stove

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: `range`
    *   Target surface form: `range`
    *   Context sentence: "And it provides a <t>range</t> of options for the key questions..."
    *   Broader context: A U.N. draft plan regarding climate change. The text offers different possibilities/choices for how to handle key questions (carbon cuts, temperature limits).
    *   Phrase: "a range of options".

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `range%1:07:00::` | Definition: "an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control" | Synonyms: scope, reach, orbit | Examples: "the range of a supersonic jet", "piano has a greater range".
        *   *Analysis:* This usually refers to spatial extent, abstract scope of influence, or capability (like the jet or piano). It doesn't fit "a range of options" well. You don't say "the scope of options" usually; you might say "a scope of work", but "range of options" implies a selection or variety.

    *   **Sense 2:** `range%1:15:01::` | Definition: "the limits within which something can be effective" | Synonyms: reach | Examples: "range of motion".
        *   *Analysis:* This refers to limits of effectiveness or motion. "A range of options" isn't about limits of effectiveness in this physical/operational sense.

    *   **Sense 3:** `range%1:15:02::` | Definition: "a large tract of grassy open land on which livestock can graze".
        *   *Analysis:* Clearly wrong context (climate conference).

    *   **Sense 4:** `range%1:17:00::` | Definition: "a series of hills or mountains".
        *   *Analysis:* Clearly wrong context.

    *   **Sense 5:** `range%1:06:00::` | Definition: "a place for shooting...".
        *   *Analysis:* Clearly wrong context.

    *   **Sense 6:** `range%1:14:00::` | Definition: "a variety of different things or activities" | Examples: "he answered a range of questions", "impressed by the range and diversity of the collection".
        *   *Analysis:* This fits perfectly. The context says "a range of options". "Options" are "different things" or possibilities. The example "he answered a range of questions" is structurally identical to "provides a range of options". It implies a varied collection or selection available to choose from.

    *   **Sense 7:** `range%1:14:01::` | Definition: "(mathematics) the set of values...".
        *   *Analysis:* Technical mathematical definition. Not used here.

    *   **Sense 8:** `range%1:09:00::` | Definition: "the limit of capability" | Synonyms: compass, reach, grasp.
        *   *Analysis:* Similar to Sense 1 and 2. Refers to ability. Not a collection of items.

    *   **Sense 9:** `range%1:06:01::` | Definition: "a kitchen appliance...".
        *   *Analysis:* Clearly wrong context.

3.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 6:**
    *   Sense 1 is about scope/space/power.
    *   Sense 6 is about variety/collection.
    *   The phrase "a range of options" suggests a spectrum of choices, a variety of alternatives. It is not about the "scope" of an option (how far it reaches), but the *set* of options provided.
    *   Example match: Sense 6 example "he answered a range of questions" aligns well with "provides a range of options". Both involve a collection/count noun (questions, options) modified by range to indicate variety/extent of the set.

4.  **Select the best sense:**
    *   Sense 6 corresponds to the index 6 in the provided list (1-based indexing).
    *   Wait, let me check the indexing format in the prompt.
    *   The prompt lists:
        1. range%1:07:00::
        2. range%1:15:01::
        3. range%1:15:02::
        4. range%1:17:00::
        5. range%1:06:00::
        6. range%1:14:00::
        7. range%1:14:01::
        8. range%1:09:00::
        9. range%1:06:01::

    *   Target: "a range of options" = "a variety of different things".
    *   This matches Sense 6 (`range%1:14:00::`).

5.  **Final Output Formulation:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object `{"sense_index": integer}`.
    *   The integer should be 6.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Parasail

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: option
Target surface form: options
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of <t>options</t> for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=option%1:21:00:: | definition=the right to buy or sell property at an agreed price; the right is purchased and if it is not exercised by a stated date the money is forfeited
2. sense_key=option%1:09:00:: | definition=one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen | synonyms=alternative, choice | examples=what option did I have?; there no other alternative
3. sense_key=option%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of choosing or selecting | synonyms=choice, selection, pick | examples=your choice of colors was unfortunate; you can take your pick

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "options" in the provided context.

**Context Analysis:**
- The text discusses a U.N. climate conference and a draft plan to reduce emissions.
- The target sentence is: "And it provides a range of <t>options</t> for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output..."
- The phrase "range of options" suggests a list of alternatives or choices available for decision-makers to select from regarding specific policy questions (how to cut carbon output, temperature limits).

**Candidate Sense Analysis:**

*   **Sense 1 (option%1:21:00::):**
    *   Definition: "the right to buy or sell property at an agreed price..."
    *   Context fit: This is clearly a financial/legal term related to stock markets or real estate. The context is about climate policy negotiations, not financial derivatives. Incorrect.

*   **Sense 2 (option%1:09:00::):**
    *   Definition: "one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen"
    *   Synonyms: alternative, choice
    *   Examples: "what option did I have?"; "there no other alternative"
    *   Context fit: The text says the document provides a "range of options for the key questions." This fits perfectly. The policymakers have different possible answers (choices) to the questions raised (like how to cut emissions), and they need to pick one. The "options" here are the alternative policy paths available.

*   **Sense 3 (option%1:04:00::):**
    *   Definition: "the act of choosing or selecting"
    *   Synonyms: choice, selection, pick
    *   Examples: "your choice of colors was unfortunate"; "you can take your pick"
    *   Context fit: This sense refers to the *act* of choosing (e.g., "making a selection"). In the sentence, "provides a range of options," the word "options" refers to the *things* being chosen (the possibilities), not the act of choosing them. While "choice" can mean the act, "option" usually refers to the alternative thing itself in this construction. Sense 2 defines "one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen", which aligns with "a range of options". Sense 3 defines "the act", which doesn't fit "a range of [acts of choosing]".

**Conclusion:**
The context refers to alternative possibilities or choices available to policymakers. This matches Sense 2. Sense 1 is financial. Sense 3 refers to the act of choosing, whereas the text refers to the set of possibilities.

Therefore, Sense 2 is the correct choice.

provider: Venice


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: question
Target surface form: questions
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key <t>questions</t>, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=question%1:10:00:: | definition=an instance of questioning | synonyms=inquiry, enquiry, query, interrogation | examples=there was a question about my training; we made inquiries of all those who were present
2. sense_key=question%1:10:01:: | definition=the subject matter at issue | synonyms=head | examples=the question of disease merits serious discussion; under the head of minor Roman poets
3. sense_key=question%1:10:03:: | definition=a sentence of inquiry that asks for a reply | synonyms=interrogation, interrogative, interrogative sentence | examples=he asked a direct question; he had trouble phrasing his interrogations
4. sense_key=question%1:07:00:: | definition=uncertainty about the truth or factuality or existence of something | synonyms=doubt, dubiousness, doubtfulness | examples=the dubiousness of his claim; there is no question about the validity of the enterprise
5. sense_key=question%1:10:02:: | definition=a formal proposal for action made to a deliberative assembly for discussion and vote | synonyms=motion | examples=he made a motion to adjourn; she called for the question
6. sense_key=question%1:10:04:: | definition=an informal reference to a marriage proposal | examples=he was ready to pop the question

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the target word "questions" (lemma "question") in the provided context.

**Context Analysis:**
The sentence is: "And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate."

- "Key questions" refers to major issues or topics that need to be resolved in the negotiation.
- The examples following "including" ("how developed... would cut their carbon output," "what would be the upper limit...") are broad policy issues or matters of debate, not specific sentences asking for information (interrogative sentences), nor formal proposals for a vote, nor marriage proposals, nor instances of questioning someone.
- These are matters "at issue" in the negotiations.

**Candidate Sense Evaluation:**

1. `question%1:10:00::` (an instance of questioning): This refers to the act of asking someone, like an interrogation. The context isn't about someone interrogating someone else. It's about policy topics. "Key questions" here doesn't mean "key interrogations."
2. `question%1:10:01::` (the subject matter at issue): Synonyms: "head". Examples: "the question of disease merits serious discussion". This fits well. The "key questions" in the text are subject matters/issues (carbon output, temperature rise limits) that need resolution. These are the topics under discussion.
3. `question%1:10:03::` (a sentence of inquiry): This refers to a grammatical sentence ending in a question mark. While the policy issues might be phrased as questions, the text refers to the *topic* or *issue* itself (carbon cutting, temperature limits) rather than the syntactic form. "Key questions" here means "key issues to resolve," not "key interrogative sentences."
4. `question%1:07:00::` (uncertainty about the truth...): Synonyms: doubt. Example: "there is no question about...". While there is uncertainty involved in negotiations, "key questions" usually refers to the specific topics needing decisions, not just the abstract state of doubt. However, sense 2 ("subject matter at issue") captures the *topic* aspect better than just "doubt".
5. `question%1:10:02::` (a formal proposal for action...): This is a parliamentary procedure term (motion). Not applicable here.
6. `question%1:10:04::` (marriage proposal): Not applicable.

**Comparison:**
Sense 2 ("the subject matter at issue") vs Sense 4 ("uncertainty...").
The phrase "key questions" often refers to the main points/issues that must be addressed.
Example from Sense 2: "the question of disease merits serious discussion".
Context: "options for the key questions, including how... would cut...".
The things listed (carbon output, temperature rise) are the *matters* being discussed. They are the issues on the table.
Sense 2 defines this as "the subject matter at issue".
Sense 4 defines this as "uncertainty". While these matters are uncertain, the word "question" here specifically refers to the *topic* of the uncertainty (the agenda items), which aligns perfectly with Sense 2.

Let's check Sense 1 again. "Inquiry". Does the text mean "key inquiries"? No, it means "key issues".
Let's check Sense 3 again. "Interrogative sentence". No.

Therefore, Sense 2 is the best fit. The "key questions" are the core issues/topics of the negotiations that need answers/resolutions.

**Output format:**
{"sense_index": 2}

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: upper_limit
Target surface form: upper limit
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the <t>upper limit</t> of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=upper_limit%1:23:00:: | definition=the largest possible quantity | synonyms=maximum
2. sense_key=upper_limit%1:15:00:: | definition=the limit on the upper (or northernmost) side of something

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target:** The target lemma is "upper_limit" (noun) appearing as "upper limit" in the text.

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The text discusses a U.N. climate conference and a draft plan to reduce emissions.
    *   The specific sentence is: "And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate."
    *   The phrase "upper limit" refers to the maximum amount of "global temperature rise" that policymakers would tolerate.
    *   Keywords: "temperature rise", "tolerate", "limit", "maximum".

3.  **Analyze Candidate Senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `upper_limit%1:23:00::` | Definition: "the largest possible quantity" | Synonyms: "maximum".
        *   Context fit: The sentence talks about the highest point (quantity/degree) of temperature rise allowed. "Maximum" fits perfectly here. If policymakers set an upper limit of, say, 2 degrees, that is the largest possible quantity of rise they are willing to accept.
    *   **Sense 2:** `upper_limit%1:15:00::` | Definition: "the limit on the upper (or northernmost) side of something".
        *   Context fit: This sense usually refers to spatial boundaries (like the upper limit of a range of mountains or a physical boundary on the top side). "Global temperature rise" is an abstract quantity/measure, not a physical object with a "northernmost side" or a spatial "upper side" in the sense of location. While temperature has a vertical metaphor (degrees going "up"), the definition here is specific to spatial/locational limits, whereas the context is about a quantitative threshold.

4.  **Compare and Decide:**
    *   The context asks for the maximum value of a metric (temperature rise).
    *   Sense 1 defines the largest possible quantity.
    *   Sense 2 defines a spatial boundary.
    *   "Global temperature rise" is a quantity.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

5.  **Format Output:** The user wants a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   Sense 1 corresponds to index 1.
    *   Sense 2 corresponds to index 2.
    *   Selection: Sense 1.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: temperature
Target surface form: temperature
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global <t>temperature</t> rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=temperature%1:07:00:: | definition=the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity)
2. sense_key=temperature%1:09:00:: | definition=the somatic sensation of cold or heat

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Lemma and Form:**
    *   Lemma: temperature
    *   Form: temperature

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The sentence containing the target is: "...what would be the upper limit of global **temperature** rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate."
    *   The broader context discusses a U.N. climate conference, greenhouse-gas reductions, global warming, and scientific/physical limits regarding the climate.
    *   The phrase "global temperature rise" refers to the physical measurement of the earth's atmospheric heat increasing. It relates to thermodynamics, climate science, and physical degrees (Celsius/Fahrenheit).

3.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `temperature%1:07:00::` | Definition: "the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity)".
        *   This refers to the physical property/measure. Examples: "The temperature dropped last night", "The boiling point is a specific temperature."
        *   Fit with context: "global temperature rise" fits perfectly here. It is talking about the physical measurement of the environment (the globe).
    *   **Sense 2:** `temperature%1:09:00::` | Definition: "the somatic sensation of cold or heat".
        *   This refers to the *feeling* of being hot or cold.
        *   Examples: "The coldness was a temperature he could feel in his bones."
        *   Fit with context: Policymakers are not discussing how hot they *feel*; they are discussing a scientific metric used to measure climate change.

4.  **Compare and Select:**
    *   The context mentions "upper limit of global temperature rise". This is a quantitative measurement of the physical environment, not a subjective sensation.
    *   Sense 1 defines the physical degree of hotness/coldness of an environment.
    *   Sense 2 defines a somatic sensation.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

5.  **Format Output:**
    *   The instruction asks for a JSON object: `{"sense_index": 1}` (assuming the index corresponds to the order listed, which is standard).
    *   List order:
        1.  sense_key=temperature%1:07:00::
        2.  sense_key=temperature%1:09:00::
    *   Choice: 1.

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rise
Target surface form: rise
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature <t>rise</t> that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rise%1:11:00:: | definition=a growth in strength or number or importance
2. sense_key=rise%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of changing location in an upward direction | synonyms=ascent, ascension, ascending
3. sense_key=rise%1:17:00:: | definition=an upward slope or grade (as in a road) | synonyms=ascent, acclivity, raise, climb, upgrade | examples=the car couldn't make it up the rise
4. sense_key=rise%1:11:02:: | definition=a movement upward | synonyms=rising, ascent, ascension | examples=they cheered the rise of the hot-air balloon
5. sense_key=rise%1:07:02:: | definition=the amount a salary is increased | synonyms=raise, wage hike, hike, wage increase, salary increase | examples=he got a 3% raise; he got a wage hike
6. sense_key=rise%1:07:01:: | definition=the property possessed by a slope or surface that rises | synonyms=upgrade, rising slope
7. sense_key=rise%1:11:01:: | definition=a wave that lifts the surface of the water or ground | synonyms=lift
8. sense_key=rise%1:11:03:: | definition=(theology) the origination of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost | synonyms=emanation, procession | examples=the emanation of the Holy Spirit; the rising of the Holy Ghost
9. sense_key=rise%1:07:03:: | definition=an increase in cost | synonyms=boost, hike, cost increase | examples=they asked for a 10% rise in rates
10. sense_key=rise%1:04:01:: | definition=increase in price or value | synonyms=advance | examples=the news caused a general advance on the stock market

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
The target word is "rise" in the context of "global temperature rise". This refers to an increase in the amount or level of something (temperature). Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. rise%1:11:00:: - a growth in strength or number or importance
2. rise%1:04:00:: - the act of changing location in an upward direction
3. rise%1:17:00:: - an upward slope or grade (as in a road)
4. rise%1:11:02:: - a movement upward
5. rise%1:07:02:: - the amount a salary is increased
6. rise%1:07:01:: - the property possessed by a slope or surface that rises
7. rise%1:11:01:: - a wave that lifts the surface of the water or ground
8. rise%1:11:03:: - (theology) the origination of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost
9. rise%1:07:03:: - an increase in cost
10. rise%1:04:01:: - increase in price or value

Wait, none of these perfectly say "an increase in temperature/amount", but "a growth in strength or number or importance" (sense 1) is the closest general "increase" sense for abstract quantities like temperature. Or maybe sense 4: "a movement upward". "temperature rise" is usually considered an increase in the level or amount of something.
Let's re-examine:
1. rise%1:11:00:: - a growth in strength or number or importance
9. rise%1:07:03:: - an increase in cost
10. rise%1:04:01:: - increase in price or value
Is there a better fit?
WordNet 3.0:
The noun "rise" has senses:
1. a growth in strength or number or importance
2. the act of changing location in an upward direction
3. an upward slope or grade (as in a road)
4. a movement upward
5. the amount a salary is increased
6. the property possessed by a slope or surface that rises
7. a wave that lifts the surface of the water or ground
8. (theology) the origination of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost
9. an increase in cost
10. increase in price or value

Global temperature rise = an increase in temperature.
Sense 1 ("a growth in strength or number or importance") is often used for abstract increases like "the rise of the Roman Empire", "a rise in temperature" could fit under "growth in number" (number of degrees) or broadly "growth".
Wait, let's search WordNet.
Actually, "rise" as in "temperature rise" or "sea level rise" refers to an increase in amount/level. Sense 1 is the closest general increase sense. Sense 9 is "an increase in cost". Sense 10 is "increase in price or value". Sense 4 is "a movement upward". Temperature is not literally moving upward in location, it's going up on a scale. So sense 4 is physical movement ("cheered the rise of the hot-air balloon"). Sense 1 is "growth in strength or number or importance" - "number" can be degrees on a scale.
Therefore, Sense 1 fits best for an increase in a measurable quantity (temperature).
Wait, let me double check the WN sense hierarchy for rise.
1: rise -- (a growth in strength or number or importance)
4: rise, rising, ascent, ascension -- (a movement upward)
So "rise in temperature" would map to 1.

provider: SiliconFlow


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: lot
Target surface form: lot
Context:
The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a <t>lot</t> of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=lot%1:23:00:: | definition=(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent | synonyms=batch, deal, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful | examples=a batch of letters; a deal of trouble
2. sense_key=lot%1:15:00:: | definition=a parcel of land having fixed boundaries | examples=he bought a lot on the lake
3. sense_key=lot%1:14:00:: | definition=an unofficial association of people or groups | synonyms=set, circle, band | examples=the smart set goes there; they were an angry lot
4. sense_key=lot%1:26:00:: | definition=your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you) | synonyms=fortune, destiny, fate, luck, circumstances, portion | examples=whatever my fortune may be; deserved a better fate
5. sense_key=lot%1:06:00:: | definition=anything (straws or pebbles etc.) taken or chosen at random | synonyms=draw | examples=the luck of the draw; they drew lots for it
6. sense_key=lot%1:14:01:: | definition=any collection in its entirety | synonyms=bunch, caboodle | examples=she bought the whole caboodle
7. sense_key=lot%1:18:00:: | definition=(Old Testament) nephew of Abraham; God destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah but chose to spare Lot and his family who were told to flee without looking back at the destruction

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is: "It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt..."
    *   Target word: "lot" (noun).
    *   Phrase: "a lot of flexibility".
    *   Meaning in context: The phrase "a lot of" functions as a quantifier meaning "a large amount of" or "much". In this case, it quantifies the abstract noun "flexibility".

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   Sense 1: `lot%1:23:00::` - definition: "(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent". Examples: "a batch of letters", "a deal of trouble". Synonyms: batch, deal, flock, good deal, great deal.
    *   Sense 2: `lot%1:15:00::` - definition: "a parcel of land having fixed boundaries". (e.g., parking lot, real estate).
    *   Sense 3: `lot%1:14:00::` - definition: "an unofficial association of people or groups". (e.g., "that lot").
    *   Sense 4: `lot%1:26:00::` - definition: "your overall circumstances or condition in life". (e.g., "my lot in life").
    *   Sense 5: `lot%1:06:00::` - definition: "anything (straws or pebbles etc.) taken or chosen at random". (e.g., drawing lots).
    *   Sense 6: `lot%1:14:01::` - definition: "any collection in its entirety". (e.g., "the whole lot").
    *   Sense 7: `lot%1:18:00::` - definition: Biblical figure Lot.

3.  **Match context to sense:**
    *   The phrase is "a lot of flexibility".
    *   This matches Sense 1 perfectly: "(often followed by `of`) a large number or amount or extent".
    *   The context implies a large amount/degree of flexibility.
    *   Sense 2 is about land.
    *   Sense 3 is about a group of people.
    *   Sense 4 is about destiny.
    *   Sense 5 is about random selection.
    *   Sense 6 is about a whole collection/group.
    *   Sense 7 is a proper name.

4.  **Confirmation:** Sense 1 is the standard WordNet sense for the quantifier "a lot of". The definition explicitly mentions "often followed by `of'", which matches the syntactic structure. The meaning "a large number or amount or extent" fits "flexibility" (though flexibility is uncountable, 'amount' covers it; 'number' covers countables like letters).

5.  **Formulate output:**
    *   Target Sense: 1.
    *   Format: JSON `{"sense_index": 1}`.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: flexibility
Target surface form: flexibility
Context:
The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of <t>flexibility</t> to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=flexibility%1:07:02:: | definition=the property of being flexible; easily bent or shaped | synonyms=flexibleness
2. sense_key=flexibility%1:07:01:: | definition=the quality of being adaptable or variable | synonyms=flexibleness | examples=he enjoyed the flexibility of his working arrangement
3. sense_key=flexibility%1:07:03:: | definition=the trait of being easily persuaded | synonyms=tractability, tractableness

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Word and Context**:
    *   **Target**: "flexibility" (noun).
    *   **Context Sentence**: "It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt..."
    *   **Broader Context**: The text is about a U.N. climate conference negotiation. A document was released outlining reductions but providing a range of options for key questions (how to cut carbon, temperature limits). It doesn't specify exact amounts of money or fixed methods, offering options instead. The document boiled down a huge text to focus on the big picture, allowing for choices later.

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses**:
    *   **Sense 1**: "the property of being flexible; easily bent or shaped". This refers to physical flexibility (like rubber or a gymnast's body).
        *   *Synonyms*: flexibleness.
    *   **Sense 2**: "the quality of being adaptable or variable".
        *   *Synonyms*: flexibleness.
        *   *Examples*: "he enjoyed the flexibility of his working arrangement".
    *   **Sense 3**: "the trait of being easily persuaded".
        *   *Synonyms*: tractability, tractableness.

3.  **Map Context to Senses**:
    *   The context discusses a negotiation process. The document provides "a range of options" rather than fixed decisions. This allows the negotiators to adapt the final deal to different needs or changing circumstances.
    *   Does it refer to physical bending? No. So, Sense 1 is out.
    *   Does it refer to being easily persuaded (tractability)? Not necessarily. The process allows for options, not that the participants are weak-willed or easily pushed around (though "tractability" might vaguely fit a negotiation, the context emphasizes "range of options" and "adaptability" of the *process*, not a personality trait of the negotiators).
    *   Does it refer to adaptability or variability? Yes. The document gives "flexibility to the process" by offering options and ranges, allowing the process to adapt to what is needed. This matches the example "flexibility of his working arrangement" (adaptability of conditions).

4.  **Select the Best Sense**:
    *   Sense 2 fits best. It describes the quality of the process being adaptable or having variable options (ranges/choices).

5.  **Format Output**:
    *   The instructions require a JSON object: `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   Since I chose Sense 2, the index is 2.

provider: Chutes


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: process
Target surface form: process
Context:
The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the <t>process</t>, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=process%1:04:00:: | definition=a particular course of action intended to achieve a result | synonyms=procedure | examples=the procedure of obtaining a driver's license; it was a process of trial and error
2. sense_key=process%1:09:00:: | definition=(psychology) the performance of some composite cognitive activity; an operation that affects mental contents | synonyms=cognitive process, mental process, operation, cognitive operation | examples=the process of thinking; the cognitive operation of remembering
3. sense_key=process%1:10:00:: | definition=a writ issued by authority of law; usually compels the defendant's attendance in a civil suit; failure to appear results in a default judgment against the defendant | synonyms=summons
4. sense_key=process%1:09:01:: | definition=a mental process that you are not directly aware of | synonyms=unconscious process | examples=the process of denial
5. sense_key=process%1:08:00:: | definition=a natural prolongation or projection from a part of an organism either animal or plant | synonyms=outgrowth, appendage | examples=a bony process
6. sense_key=process%1:03:00:: | definition=a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states | synonyms=physical process | examples=events now in process; the process of calcification begins later for boys than for girls

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target**: The target lemma is "process" (noun). The specific surface form is "process". The context is a news article about a U.N. climate conference.

2.  **Analyze the Context**: The sentence is "It gives a lot of flexibility to the <t>process</t>, said John Coequyt...".
    *   The broader context describes a negotiation, a conference, the drafting of documents, political deals, and the "path forward".
    *   The "process" refers to the ongoing negotiations, the series of actions, meetings, and drafting procedures aimed at reaching a climate deal.
    *   It involves a "course of action intended to achieve a result" (the result being a political deal/regulation of greenhouse gases).

3.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses**:

    *   **Sense 1**: `process%1:04:00::` | Definition: "a particular course of action intended to achieve a result" | Synonyms: `procedure`.
        *   *Fit*: This fits well. The climate negotiations are a complex procedure or series of actions designed to reach a result (a treaty/agreement). The sentence mentions "negotiation that is running out of time". Negotiations are a process/procedure.
        *   *Examples*: "the procedure of obtaining a driver's license". While that is a bureaucratic procedure, the climate talks are a diplomatic procedure/process.

    *   **Sense 2**: `process%1:09:00::` | Definition: "(psychology) the performance of some composite cognitive activity..."
        *   *Fit*: Incorrect. The context is a diplomatic event, not a mental activity inside someone's head.

    *   **Sense 3**: `process%1:10:00::` | Definition: "a writ issued by authority of law; usually compels the defendant's attendance..."
        *   *Fit*: Incorrect. This is a legal/law enforcement term (like "served a process"). The context is international diplomacy, not a court summons.

    *   **Sense 4**: `process%1:09:01::` | Definition: "a mental process that you are not directly aware of"
        *   *Fit*: Incorrect. Again, psychological, not relevant to a conference.

    *   **Sense 5**: `process%1:08:00::` | Definition: "a natural prolongation or projection from a part of an organism..."
        *   *Fit*: Incorrect. This is a biological/anatomical term.

    *   **Sense 6**: `process%1:03:00::` | Definition: "a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states"
        *   *Fit*: This is a strong contender semantically. It refers to something happening over time. "Events now in process".
        *   *Comparison with Sense 1*: Sense 1 emphasizes *intention* and achieving a *result* (teleological), often associated with human agency and structured activities (like a negotiation). Sense 6 emphasizes a *phenomenon* or *gradual changes* (natural or physical).
        *   The "process" here is the *negotiation process*. Negotiations are deliberate courses of action taken by agents (countries, delegates) to achieve a result (an agreement). Therefore, Sense 1 is more specific and appropriate for a diplomatic/political procedure than Sense 6, which is often used for natural phenomena (e.g., "erosion process") or general states of affairs. WordNet often distinguishes between "procedure/process" (Sense 1) and "physical process" (Sense 6). The negotiation is a "course of action intended to achieve a result".

4.  **Confirming Sense 1**:
    *   The phrase "gives a lot of flexibility to the process" implies adjusting the *method* or *course of action* of the negotiations.
    *   The context mentions "path forward", "negotiation", "deal". All these align with "a particular course of action intended to achieve a result".

5.  **Final Decision**: Sense 1 is the correct choice. It captures the procedural, goal-oriented nature of the diplomatic negotiations described.

    *   Sense 1: Course of action to achieve a result. (Matches "negotiation process").
    *   Sense 6: Sustained phenomenon/gradual changes. (Too broad/physical).

    Therefore, index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: washington
Target surface form: Washington
Context:
The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior <t>Washington</t> representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=washington%1:15:01:: | definition=the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia and a tourist mecca; George Washington commissioned Charles L'Enfant to lay out the city in 1791 | synonyms=Washington D.C., American capital, capital of the United States
2. sense_key=washington%1:15:00:: | definition=a state in northwestern United States on the Pacific | synonyms=Evergreen State, WA
3. sense_key=washington%1:14:00:: | definition=the federal government of the United States | synonyms=Capital
4. sense_key=washington%1:18:00:: | definition=1st President of the United States; commander-in-chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution (1732-1799) | synonyms=George Washington, President Washington
5. sense_key=washington%1:18:01:: | definition=United States educator who was born a slave but became educated and founded a college at Tuskegee in Alabama (1856-1915) | synonyms=Booker T. Washington, Booker Taliaferro Washington

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word:** The target lemma is "washington", and the surface form is "Washington".
2.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is: "It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club."
    *   The context is about a U.N. climate conference.
    *   John Coequyt is a person (senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club).
    *   The phrase is "senior Washington representative".
    *   The Sierra Club is an environmental organization.
    *   Representatives for organizations often work in capital cities to lobby or interact with the government.
3.  **Evaluate the candidate senses:**
    *   *Sense 1:* "the capital of the United States..." (Synonyms: Washington D.C., American capital).
    *   *Sense 2:* "a state in northwestern United States..." (Synonyms: Evergreen State, WA).
    *   *Sense 3:* "the federal government of the United States" (Synonyms: Capital).
    *   *Sense 4:* "1st President..." (George Washington).
    *   *Sense 5:* "United States educator..." (Booker T. Washington).

4.  **Disambiguate:**
    *   John Coequyt is a representative "for the Sierra Club".
    *   What does "Washington representative" mean here?
        *   Does he represent the state of Washington (Sense 2)? Unlikely, usually it would be "representative *from* Washington" or "representative *for* Washington state". Also, the context is international climate negotiations, where the federal government is the primary actor.
        *   Does he represent George Washington (Sense 4)? No.
        *   Does he represent Booker T. Washington (Sense 5)? No.
        *   Does he represent the city of Washington D.C. (Sense 1)? Or does he work in Washington D.C. representing the Sierra Club? Yes.
        *   Does he represent the federal government (Sense 3)? The phrasing "Washington representative" usually denotes a lobbyist or liaison based in the capital (Washington D.C.) who deals with the federal government. It is a metonymic reference.
    *   Let's distinguish Sense 1 and Sense 3.
        *   Sense 1 is the physical city/capital.
        *   Sense 3 is the federal government.
        *   In the phrase "Washington representative", "Washington" stands for the location where the government operates, or metonymically for the government itself.
        *   Usually, job titles like "Washington correspondent" or "Washington representative" refer to the location (Sense 1) where the work is done (the seat of government), rather than the government entity itself (Sense 3), though there is a strong metonymic link. If he were a "representative *of* Washington", it might mean the government. But a "Washington representative" for an NGO is a representative *based in* Washington.
        *   However, WordNet sense 3 is defined specifically as "the federal government of the United States". Is the phrase "Washington representative" referring to the government? No, he represents the Sierra Club. He is a representative *in* Washington (the place) dealing with the government.
        *   Let's look at the usage. "Washington lawyer", "Washington insider". These usually refer to the city (Sense 1) as the hub of politics. Sense 1 definition includes "the capital of the United States".
        *   Let's compare Sense 1 and Sense 3 in WordNet.
            *   Sense 1: "the capital of the United States..."
            *   Sense 3: "the federal government..."
        *   In "Washington representative", "Washington" functions as a locative attribute. He is the representative located in the capital. Sense 1 seems the most direct fit for the locative usage denoting the political center. Sense 3 ("the federal government") would imply he is a representative *of* the federal government, which contradicts the text (he is a representative *for the Sierra Club*). He is based in Washington (Sense 1).
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 (the capital city) is the correct referent for the location where the representative is based or the locus of his work.

5.  **Final check:**
    *   Context: "...senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club."
    *   Interpretation: A representative based in the capital city (Sense 1).
    *   Sense 1 matches "capital of the United States".

6.  **Formatting:** Return JSON {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: representative
Target surface form: representative
Context:
The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington <t>representative</t> for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=representative%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who represents others
2. sense_key=representative%1:18:02:: | definition=an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose | synonyms=spokesperson, interpreter, voice | examples=the meeting was attended by spokespersons for all the major organs of government
3. sense_key=representative%1:18:01:: | definition=a member of the United States House of Representatives | synonyms=congressman, congresswoman
4. sense_key=representative%1:09:00:: | definition=an item of information that is typical of a class or group | synonyms=example, illustration, instance | examples=this patient provides a typical example of the syndrome; there is an example on page 10

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   **Sentence:** "It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington <t>representative</t> for the Sierra Club."
    *   **Target Word:** representative
    *   **Contextual Clues:** "John Coequyt", "senior Washington representative", "Sierra Club".
    *   **Meaning:** John Coequyt holds a role where he acts on behalf of the Sierra Club (an environmental organization) in Washington (likely dealing with policy/government). He is speaking for the organization ("said John Coequyt..."). He is acting as an agent or spokesperson for a specific entity.

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `representative%1:18:00::` | definition="a person who represents others"
        *   *Analysis:* This is the most general sense. It fits, but usually, specific contexts trigger more specific senses if available. Is there a more specific sense that fits better?

    *   **Sense 2:** `representative%1:18:02::` | definition="an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose" | synonyms=spokesperson, interpreter, voice | examples="the meeting was attended by spokespersons for all the major organs of government"
        *   *Analysis:* This fits the context very well. John Coequyt works for the Sierra Club (an organization with a policy/purpose). He is described as a "Washington representative," which implies lobbying or acting as a spokesperson/advocate in the political arena. He is quoted interpreting the document/process ("It gives a lot of flexibility..."). The synonym "spokesperson" aligns perfectly with him being quoted as speaking for the group.

    *   **Sense 3:** `representative%1:18:01::` | definition="a member of the United States House of Representatives" | synonyms=congressman, congresswoman
        *   *Analysis:* John Coequyt works for the Sierra Club, not as an elected member of the US House of Representatives. This is incorrect.

    *   **Sense 4:** `representative%1:09:00::` | definition="an item of information that is typical of a class or group" | synonyms=example, illustration, instance
        *   *Analysis:* This refers to an object/example, not a person. Incorrect.

3.  **Compare Sense 1 vs. Sense 2:**
    *   Sense 1 is the hypernym (superordinate). Sense 2 is a hyponym (specific type).
    *   The context specifies that he represents an organization (Sierra Club) and its policies/purposes, specifically in Washington (political advocacy context). He is quoted as a voice for the organization.
    *   WordNet often differentiates between the generic "person who represents" and the specific "advocate/spokesperson".
    *   The context emphasizes his role as an advocate/spokesperson for the Sierra Club's interests/perspective on the climate conference. The definition "an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose" captures the *function* of his job title (Senior Washington Representative) better than the generic Sense 1. The example for Sense 2 ("meeting was attended by spokespersons...") mirrors the context of a formal proceeding/meeting context involving policy.

4.  **Conclusion:** Sense 2 is the best fit because John Coequyt acts as an advocate/spokesperson for the Sierra Club's policies and purposes.

5.  **Formatting Output:** The user wants a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`. Sense 2 corresponds to the second item in the list (index 2). Wait, let me double check the indexing. usually, indices are 1-based based on the list provided.
    *   Candidate 1: sense_key=representative%1:18:00:: (Index 1)
    *   Candidate 2: sense_key=representative%1:18:02:: (Index 2)
    *   Candidate 3: sense_key=representative%1:18:01:: (Index 3)
    *   Candidate 4: sense_key=representative%1:09:00:: (Index 4)

    Correct. Sense 2.

provider: Together


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: document
Target surface form: document
Context:
The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page <t>document</t>, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=document%1:10:00:: | definition=writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature) | synonyms=written document, papers
2. sense_key=document%1:06:00:: | definition=anything serving as a representation of a person's thinking by means of symbolic marks
3. sense_key=document%1:21:00:: | definition=a written account of ownership or obligation
4. sense_key=document%1:10:01:: | definition=(computer science) a computer file that contains text (and possibly formatting instructions) using seven-bit ASCII characters | synonyms=text file

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "document" used in the context of a "six-page document" drafted by Michael Zammit Cutajar, which is a text providing the basis for a political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, containing options for key questions.

Let's evaluate the candidate senses:
1. writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature) - synonyms: written document, papers
2. anything serving as a representation of a person's thinking by means of symbolic marks
3. a written account of ownership or obligation
4. (computer science) a computer file that contains text...

The text refers to a physical or conceptual written text drafted by a UN working group ("six-page document"). It provides information of an official nature (UN working group draft). Sense 1 is clearly the best fit. Sense 2 is too broad. Sense 3 refers to legal/financial ownership. Sense 4 is specifically a computer file.

So the best sense is 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: negotiation
Target surface form: negotiation
Context:
The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page <t>negotiation</t> text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=negotiation%1:10:00:: | definition=a discussion intended to produce an agreement | synonyms=dialogue, talks | examples=the buyout negotiation lasted several days; they disagreed but kept an open dialogue
2. sense_key=negotiation%1:04:00:: | definition=the activity or business of negotiating an agreement; coming to terms

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: negotiation
    *   Target surface form: negotiation
    *   Context Sentence: "Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as 'the big picture.'"
    *   Broader Context: The text discusses a UN climate conference, specifically a text produced to facilitate a political deal on greenhouse gases. It mentions obstacles, a path forward, world leaders arriving, and the process of drafting a document.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `negotiation%1:10:00::` | definition=a discussion intended to produce an agreement | synonyms=dialogue, talks | examples=the buyout negotiation lasted several days; they disagreed but kept an open dialogue.
        *   This sense refers to the *event* or *process* of discussion/dialogue between parties.
    *   **Sense 2:** `negotiation%1:04:00::` | definition=the activity or business of negotiating an agreement; coming to terms.
        *   This sense is somewhat similar but often carries a connotation of the *activity* or the *content* being negotiated, or is used in compounds (like "negotiation text"). However, looking at WordNet hierarchy, 1:10:00 is usually `communication` (noun.act or noun.communication), while 1:04:00 is often `negotiation` as a specific act.
        *   Let's check the WordNet definitions more closely mentally.
        *   WordNet 3.0/3.1 definitions:
            *   1. a discussion intended to produce an agreement; "the buyout negotiation lasted several days"; "they disagreed but kept an open dialogue"; "their ideas were in sync"
            *   2. the activity or business of negotiating an agreement; coming to terms
        *   In many WSD datasets (like OntoNotes or SemCor), there is often a distinction between the *process/event* and the *content/product* or the specific act in a bureaucratic sense.

3.  **Evaluate the context against the senses:**
    *   The phrase is "a 180-page negotiation text".
    *   Here, "negotiation" is acting as a modifier for "text".
    *   What is a "negotiation text"? It is a text *containing* the details of the negotiation or the draft of the agreement being negotiated.
    *   Let's look at the earlier sentence: "But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time..." Here "a negotiation" refers to the process/event.
    *   However, the specific target instance is "boiled down a 180-page **negotiation** text".
    *   Is "negotiation" here referring to the *discussion* (Sense 1) or the *activity/business* (Sense 2)? Or is it a different sense?
    *   Actually, looking at how WordNet senses are often applied:
        *   Sense 1 (Discussion): "The negotiation was tense." "We are in negotiation."
        *   Sense 2 (Activity/Business): Often used for the abstract concept of the process in a professional setting.
    *   Let's look at the collocation "negotiation text". This refers to the document used in the negotiation.
    *   Usually, when "negotiation" is used to describe the *subject matter* or the *document* recording the points of negotiation, it leans towards the activity/process sense.
    *   Let's re-read the specific sentence: "...boiled down a 180-page negotiation text..."
    *   Here, "negotiation" describes the text. The text belongs to or is for the negotiation.
    *   Let's check the synonyms provided in Sense 1: "dialogue, talks". Does "dialogue text" or "talks text" fit? "Talks text" is awkward but "text of the talks" works.
    *   Sense 2 synonyms aren't explicitly listed in the prompt but implied by "activity or business".
    *   Let's look at the broader context again. "But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time". This instance (not the target) clearly refers to the event/process.
    *   The target instance: "negotiation text". This is a compound noun.
    *   In WordNet, Sense 1 is defined as "a discussion intended to produce an agreement". Sense 2 is "the activity or business of negotiating an agreement".
    *   Often, Sense 2 is used when "negotiation" is the object of the activity or refers to the specific trade/craft of negotiating. But in this text, it is a modifier.
    *   Let's consider the semantics of "negotiation text". It is the text *of the negotiation*.
    *   Which negotiation? The event/process.
    *   Therefore, the sense of the head noun "negotiation" inside the compound refers to the discussion/event.
    *   However, standard WSD practice often groups these.
    *   Let's look for distinctions in annotated corpora if possible (simulating retrieval).
    *   Sense 1 is the most common sense. "The negotiation took place."
    *   Sense 2 often appears in contexts like "The negotiation of the contract took weeks."
    *   Here: "negotiation text".
    *   Does it refer to the *business* (Sense 2)? No, it refers to the *event/process* (Sense 1). The text belongs to the talks/dialogue.
    *   Wait, let's look at the definitions again.
    *   Sense 1: "a discussion...".
    *   Sense 2: "the activity or business...".
    *   The text is the documentation of the *discussion/talks*. It represents the content being discussed.
    *   If I say "negotiation skills", I use Sense 2 (the activity).
    *   If I say "break off negotiation", I use Sense 1 (the event).
    *   If I say "negotiation text", it is a text for the *event* of negotiation (Sense 1). It facilitates the discussion.
    *   Let's check if Sense 2 covers the content/proceedings. "Coming to terms" is the goal.
    *   Actually, usually in WordNet, Sense 1 is the "Event" (noun.act/communication). Sense 2 is also (noun.act). The distinction is subtle.
    *   Let's look at the examples provided in the prompt for Sense 1: "the buyout negotiation lasted several days".
    *   Context: "a negotiation that is running out of time" (Sentence 2). This is clearly Sense 1. It's an event with a duration running out of time.
    *   Does the target "negotiation text" share the same sense?
    *   The text belongs to the negotiation defined in Sentence 2. The "negotiation" in "negotiation text" refers to the same entity/process as the "negotiation" in Sentence 2.
    *   If Sentence 2's "negotiation" is Sense 1, then the target "negotiation" (acting as a modifier pointing to the same entity) should also be Sense 1.
    *   It refers to the text resulting from or used in the *discussions/talks* (Sense 1 synonyms).
    *   Sense 2 ("activity or business") is often distinct from the specific instance of discussion. It is more abstract. But here, it points to a specific instance ("a negotiation").
    *   Wait, the text is "a 180-page negotiation text". The article "a" belongs to the compound noun phrase, but syntactically "negotiation" is singular.
    *   Actually, usually "negotiation text" refers to the text *of the negotiations* (plural often used for Sense 1).
    *   But "negotiation" here acts as an attributive noun.
    *   If I say "conference text", "conference" is the event. Sense 1 is the event.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 fits best. It refers to the discussions/talks. The text is the record of the talks.

    Let's double check Sense 2. Is there a case where "negotiation text" implies Sense 2?
    Sense 2: "the activity or business...".
    Example: "He is experienced in negotiation." (The activity).
    Here, the text is not a "business text" or "activity text". It is a text for the *talks*. The talks (Sense 1) are running out of time. The text is the output/input of those talks.
    Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice. The text relates to the discussion/dialogue (Sense 1).

    Let's reconsider the provided synonyms for Sense 1: "dialogue, talks".
    Would "talks text" make sense? Yes, the text of the talks.
    Would "dialogue text"? Maybe less common, but "text of the dialogue" works.
    Sense 2 synonyms are not given, but "business of negotiating" doesn't fit "text" as well as "discussions/talks" does. The text facilitates the discussion.

    Let's check if there's a trick.
    "negotiation text" vs "negotiating text".
    "Negotiating" is the participle (activity). "Negotiation" is the noun.
    Use of noun adjuncts often preserves the sense of the head noun.
    The head noun sense is the event/process.
    Event = Sense 1.
    Activity/General concept = Sense 2.
    Since it refers to a specific event (mentioned earlier: "a negotiation that is running out of time"), it is Sense 1.

    The text is for *that* negotiation.
    Thus, Sense 1.

    Let's confirm the sense keys mapping.
    negotiation%1:10:00:: is "a discussion intended to produce an agreement". (The event/instance).
    negotiation%1:04:00:: is "the activity or business...". (The general practice or the act of doing it).

    Context: "...a negotiation that is running out of time..." (Instance/Event -> Sense 1).
    Target: "...a 180-page negotiation text...".
    The text is the textual representation of the specific negotiation event.
    Therefore, it relates to Sense 1.

    Decision: Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: text
Target surface form: text
Context:
The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation <t>text</t> to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=text%1:10:00:: | definition=the words of something written | synonyms=textual matter | examples=there were more than a thousand words of text; they handed out the printed text of the mayor's speech
2. sense_key=text%1:10:03:: | definition=a passage from the Bible that is used as the subject of a sermon | examples=the preacher chose a text from Psalms to introduce his sermon
3. sense_key=text%1:10:02:: | definition=a book prepared for use in schools or colleges | synonyms=textbook, text edition, schoolbook, school text | examples=his economics textbook is in its tenth edition; the professor wrote the text that he assigned students to buy
4. sense_key=text%1:10:01:: | definition=the main body of a written work (as distinct from illustrations or footnotes etc.) | examples=pictures made the text easier to understand

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Word and Context:**
    *   **Target Lemma:** text
    *   **Target Surface Form:** text
    *   **Context:** The text discusses a political document, specifically a UN working group document regarding greenhouse gas regulation (Copenhagen climate summit). Mentions "six-page document," "180-page negotiation text," "printed text" (implied), "words of text" (implied).
    *   Key phrases: "The text... highlighted the remaining obstacles", "Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group", "the text is silent on how much money", "drafted the six-page document", "boiled down a 180-page negotiation text".

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** `text%1:10:00::` | Definition: "the words of something written" | Synonyms: textual matter | Examples: "there were more than a thousand words of text", "printed text of the mayor's speech". This sense refers to the actual linguistic content of a document.
    *   **Sense 2:** `text%1:10:03::` | Definition: "a passage from the Bible that is used as the subject of a sermon". This is clearly wrong; the context is political negotiations, not a sermon.
    *   **Sense 3:** `text%1:10:02::` | Definition: "a book prepared for use in schools or colleges" | Synonyms: textbook. This is wrong; the context is a negotiation document, not a schoolbook.
    *   **Sense 4:** `text%1:10:01::` | Definition: "the main body of a written work (as distinct from illustrations or footnotes etc.)". This refers to the *main part* versus peripherals. While the document might have footnotes, the context uses "text" to refer to the whole document or the content of the document, not specifically distinguishing it from illustrations.

3.  **Compare Context to Senses:**
    *   The context refers to a document ("six-page document", "180-page negotiation text"). This document contains words/provisions/clauses.
    *   Sense 3 is eliminated (not a textbook).
    *   Sense 2 is eliminated (not a Bible passage).
    *   Sense 4 is eliminated (the usage isn't contrasting text with images/footnotes; it refers to the document itself as a written entity).
    *   Sense 1 ("the words of something written") fits best. The phrase "180-page negotiation text" refers to the written content of the negotiation. "The text... highlighted..." treats the written words as the subject. The examples for Sense 1 ("printed text of the mayor's speech", "words of text") align well with "negotiation text" or "the text highlighted...".

    *   Let's double-check Sense 1 vs Sense 4.
        *   Sense 1 is generic "words of something written".
        *   Sense 4 is specific contrast "main body vs illustrations".
    *   The sentence says: "The text... highlighted...". It refers to the written document's content.
    *   Later: "...boiled down a 180-page negotiation text..."
    *   This is clearly referring to the written matter/content of the document. Sense 1 is the broad definition of written words/content. Sense 4 is too specific regarding the structure of a book (main body). Sense 1 covers "something written" generally, including political documents or speeches (as seen in the examples for Sense 1).

4.  **Final Selection:** Sense 1 is the correct choice.

5.  **Format Output:**
    *   JSON object: `{"sense_index": 1}`.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: climate
Target surface form: climate
Context:
The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top <t>climate</t> official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=climate%1:26:00:: | definition=the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time | synonyms=clime | examples=the dank climate of southern Wales; plants from a cold clime travel best in winter
2. sense_key=climate%1:26:01:: | definition=the prevailing psychological state | synonyms=mood | examples=the climate of opinion; the national mood had changed radically since the last election

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Word:** The target lemma is "climate" (noun). The specific context refers to "the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer".

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The text discusses a political deal to regulate greenhouse gases.
    *   Mentions Copenhagen, world leaders, negotiation.
    *   Mentions money for coping with "global warming".
    *   Mentions cutting "carbon output" and "emissions".
    *   The phrase is "top climate official". Yvo de Boer is a real person known for being the Executive Secretary of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
    *   The context is explicitly about the physical phenomenon of global warming, temperature rise, and greenhouse gases, and the political efforts to manage them.

3.  **Analyze Candidate Senses:**
    *   **Sense 1 (climate%1:26:00::):** Definition: "the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time". Synonyms: clime. Examples: "the dank climate of southern Wales".
    *   **Sense 2 (climate%1:26:01::):** Definition: "the prevailing psychological state". Synonyms: mood. Examples: "the climate of opinion".

4.  **Evaluate Sense 1:**
    *   Does it fit? The phrase "climate official" refers to an official dealing with the issue of "climate" (weather patterns, global warming). While "climate official" is a compound noun, the head noun "climate" here refers to the domain of weather/atmospheric conditions. The broader context is entirely about global warming, temperature rise, and emissions affecting the physical environment.
    *   This fits the physical definition of climate (weather averaged over time), which is the subject matter the official is managing.

5.  **Evaluate Sense 2:**
    *   Does it fit? Definition is "prevailing psychological state" or "mood".
    *   Would an official be the "top psychological state official"? No. While there are phrases like "political climate" or "climate of fear," here the official is specifically dealing with environmental regulation (greenhouse gases, temperature rise). This sense is metaphorical/abstract. The context is literal and environmental.

6.  **Select Best Sense:**
    *   The context is about global warming and environmental negotiations. The term "climate" in "climate official" refers to the physical atmospheric condition (the domain of the UNFCCC).
    *   Sense 1 defines climate as weather averaged over time. Global warming is a shift in this average. Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct semantic foundation for the compound "climate official".
    *   Sense 2 refers to "mood" or "atmosphere" in a non-physical sense, which does not fit the context of greenhouse gases and temperature limits.

7.  **Format Output:**
    *   The instruction asks for a JSON object: `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   Since Sense 1 is the correct one, I will output `{"sense_index": 1}`.