[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: say
Target surface form: said
Context:
PANDA: Flesh goes to total alert for flight or fight. Nausea seems a commonplace symptom. Berkeley very quiet right now. I walked along Shattuck between Delaware and Cedar at a few minutes before eight this morning. Next to Chez Panisse a homeless couple, bundled into a blue sleeping bag, sat up, said, "Good morning "and then the woman smiled, <t>said</t>, "Isn't it great just to be alive? "I agreed.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=say%2:32:00:: | definition=express in words | synonyms=state, tell | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you
2. sense_key=say%2:32:01:: | definition=report or maintain | synonyms=allege, aver | examples=He alleged that he was the victim of a crime; He said it was too late to intervene in the war
3. sense_key=say%2:32:03:: | definition=express a supposition | synonyms=suppose | examples=Let us say that he did not tell the truth; Let's say you had a lot of money--what would you do?
4. sense_key=say%2:42:00:: | definition=have or contain a certain wording or form | synonyms=read | examples=The passage reads as follows; What does the law say?
5. sense_key=say%2:32:04:: | definition=give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority | synonyms=order, tell, enjoin | examples=I said to him to go home; She ordered him to do the shopping
6. sense_key=say%2:32:02:: | definition=speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way | synonyms=pronounce, articulate, enounce, sound out, enunciate | examples=She pronounces French words in a funny way; I cannot say `zip wire'
7. sense_key=say%2:32:07:: | definition=communicate or express nonverbally | examples=What does this painting say?; Did his face say anything about how he felt?
8. sense_key=say%2:32:15:: | definition=utter aloud | examples=She said `Hello' to everyone in the office
9. sense_key=say%2:32:13:: | definition=state as one's opinion or judgement; declare | examples=I say let's forget this whole business
10. sense_key=say%2:32:08:: | definition=recite or repeat a fixed text | examples=Say grace; She said her `Hail Mary'
11. sense_key=say%2:32:09:: | definition=indicate | examples=The clock says noon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
Looking at this context, the homeless woman "said, 'Isn't it great just to be alive?'" - she is verbally expressing a sentiment about life to the narrator.

Analyzing the candidate senses:

- Sense 1 ("express in words") involves communicating thoughts, feelings, or content - example: "He said that he wanted to marry her"
- Sense 8 ("utter aloud") has example "She said 'Hello' to everyone" - seems to focus on simple vocalizations/greetings
- Sense 9 ("state as one's opinion or judgement; declare") is more forceful/declarative than this casual expression

The woman is expressing a meaningful sentiment about the joy of being alive. This is substantive communicative content expressing her feelings, not merely a simple greeting like "Hello" (sense 8) nor a formal declaration (sense 9). She is communicating her perspective to another person through words.

The example for sense 1, "He said that he wanted to marry her," similarly involves someone expressing a personal feeling/desire, which aligns well with the woman expressing her sentiment about life.

{"sense_index": 1}

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "said" is being used.

The context is:
"Next to Chez Panisse a homeless couple, bundled into a blue sleeping bag, sat up, said, "Good morning "and then the woman smiled, said, "Isn't it great just to be alive?"

The target word "said" appears twice in this passage:
1. "said, 'Good morning'" - the couple said this
2. "said, 'Isn't it great just to be alive?'" - the woman said this

Both instances involve someone expressing words verbally to another person. They are directly quoting what was said.

Let me go through the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=say%2:32:00:: | definition=express in words | synonyms=state, tell | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you
- This is about expressing something in words. The examples show direct communication.

2. sense_key=say%2:32:01:: | definition=report or maintain | synonyms=allege, aver | examples=He alleged that he was the victim of a crime; He said it was too late to intervene in the war
- This is more about making claims or allegations. Not really fitting here.

3. sense_key=say%2:32:03:: | definition=express a supposition | synonyms=suppose | examples=Let us say that he did not tell the truth; Let's say you had a lot of money--what would you do?
- This is about hypothetical statements. Not fitting.

4. sense_key=say%2:42:00:: | definition=have or contain a certain wording or form | synonyms=read | examples=The passage reads as follows; What does the law say?
- This is about text or documents having certain content. Not fitting.

5. sense_key=say%2:32:04:: | definition=give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority | synonyms=order, tell, enjoin | examples=I said to him to go home; She ordered him to do the shopping
- This is about giving orders. Not fitting.

6. sense_key=say%2:32:02:: | definition=speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way | synonyms=pronounce, articulate, enounce, sound out, enunciate | examples=She pronounces French words in a funny way; I cannot say `zip wire'
- This is about pronunciation. Not fitting.

7. sense_key=say%2:32:07:: | definition=communicate or express nonverbally | examples=What does this painting say?; Did his face say anything about how he felt?
- This is about non-verbal communication. Not fitting.

8. sense_key=say%2:32:15:: | definition=utter aloud | examples=She said `Hello' to everyone in the office
- This is about uttering words aloud. The example "She said 'Hello' to everyone in the office" is similar to our context where someone said "Good morning."

9. sense_key=say%2:32:13:: | definition=state as one's opinion or judgement; declare | examples=I say let's forget this whole business
- This is about stating opinions. While the woman is expressing her feeling about being alive, this doesn't quite match the simple greeting and question.

10. sense_key=say%2:32:08:: | definition=recite or repeat a fixed text | examples=Say grace; She said her `Hail Mary'
- This is about reciting fixed/practiced text. Not fitting.

11. sense_key=say%2:32:09:: | definition=indicate | examples=The clock says noon
- This is about things indicating something. Not fitting.

Now I need to decide between sense 1 and sense 8:

Sense 1: "express in words" with examples like "He said that he wanted to marry her"
Sense 8: "utter aloud" with examples like "She said 'Hello' to everyone in the office"

The difference seems subtle. Sense 8 specifically mentions "utter aloud" and has an example of saying "Hello" which is similar to saying "Good morning." Sense 1 is more general about expressing in words.

In this context, the characters are:
1. Saying "Good morning" - a greeting, similar to "Hello" in the example for sense 8
2. Saying "Isn't it great just to be alive?" - expressing a sentiment/question

Both involve uttering words aloud, and sense 8's example of saying "Hello" aligns well with saying "Good morning." Sense 1 is more general and could apply, but sense 8 seems more specific to the act of uttering something aloud, especially greetings and simple expressions.

Let me reconsider. Sense 1 is defined as "express in words" with synonyms "state, tell." The examples include "He said that he wanted to marry her." This seems to be about conveying information or expressing thoughts/feelings.

Sense 8 is defined as "utter aloud" with the example "She said 'Hello' to everyone in the office." This seems to be about the physical act of saying words out loud, particularly short expressions or greetings.

Looking at the context again:
- "said, 'Good morning'" - This is a greeting, similar to "Hello"
- "said, 'Isn't it great just to be alive?'" - This is expressing a sentiment/opinion

Both involve uttering words aloud. The first one (greeting) aligns well with sense 8. The second one (expressing a sentiment) could align with sense 1 or sense 8.

I think sense 8 is the best fit because:
1. The example of saying "Hello" is very similar to saying "Good morning"
2. "Utter aloud" captures the physical act of speaking these phrases
3. Sense 1 seems more about expressing substantive content or information, while these are simple expressions/greetings

However, I should also consider sense 1 more carefully. The definition "express in words" is quite general and could apply. The synonym "state" and the example "He said that he wanted to marry her" suggest expressing thoughts or intentions. "Isn't it great just to be alive?" could be seen as expressing a thought or sentiment.

Let me look more closely at the examples:
- Sense 1: "He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you"
- Sense 8: "She said 'Hello' to everyone in the office"

The sense 1 examples involve expressing thoughts, feelings, or information. The sense 8 example involves a simple greeting.

"Good morning" is a simple greeting, similar to "Hello," so sense 8 fits well.
"Isn't it great just to be alive?" is more of an expression of sentiment, which could fit sense 1.

But wait, sense 8 is specifically about "uttering aloud" which is what happens in both cases. The characters are verbally expressing words to the narrator.

Let me think about this more carefully. WordNet often has hierarchical and overlapping senses. Sense 1 seems to be a more general sense of "say" meaning to express something in words. Sense 8 seems more specific, focusing on the act of uttering words aloud.

In WordNet, more specific senses are often preferred when they fit the context. However, sense 8 is not necessarily more specific - it's just focusing on the physical act of uttering.

Looking at the definitions again:
- Sense 1: "express in words"
- Sense 8: "utter aloud"

Both could apply. Let me think about the purpose of the speech acts in context:
1. "Good morning" - A greeting to acknowledge the narrator
2. "Isn't it great just to be alive?" - Expressing a sentiment/feeling

For the greeting, sense 8 seems appropriate. For the question, it could be seen as expressing a sentiment (sense 1) or just uttering words (sense 8).

I think sense 1 "express in words" is the more fundamental and commonly used sense for this type of dialogue. Characters in a narrative are typically described as "saying" things, which means expressing words to communicate. The synonym "state" in sense 1 also aligns with the characters stating things to the narrator.

Sense 8, while it could apply, seems to emphasize the physical act of uttering rather than the communicative aspect. The example "She said 'Hello' to everyone in the office" does fit the greeting context, but I believe sense 1 is the more standard sense for dialogue in narratives.

Actually, let me reconsider once more. The target is specifically the second "said" - the one where the woman says "Isn't it great just to be alive?" This is more of a statement expressing an opinion or feeling, rather than just a greeting.

Let me compare:
- Sense 1: "express in words" with example "He said that he wanted to marry her"
- Sense 8: "utter aloud" with example "She said 'Hello' to everyone in the office"

"Isn't it great just to be alive?" is expressing a feeling/opinion, similar to "He said that he wanted to marry her" (expressing a desire). It's not just a simple greeting like "Hello."

So for this specific target (the second "said"), sense 1 seems more appropriate.

Let me also consider sense 9:
sense_key=say%2:32:13:: | definition=state as one's opinion or judgement; declare | examples=I say let's forget this whole business

"Isn't it great just to be alive?" could be seen as expressing an opinion. However, the example for sense 9 shows a more directive/declarative use: "I say let's forget this whole business." The woman in our context is not making a declaration; she's more casually expressing a sentiment. So sense 9 might not be the best fit.

I think sense 1 is the best fit for the target "said" in the context "said, 'Isn't it great just to be alive?'"

Actually, let me re-read the passage to understand what the target word is:

"Next to Chez Panisse a homeless couple, bundled into a blue sleeping bag, sat up, said, "Good morning "and then the woman smiled, <t>said</t>, "Isn't it great just to be alive?"

So the target is the second "said" where the woman is speaking. She says, "Isn't it great just to be alive?"

This is expressing a sentiment/opinion. Sense 1 "express in words" fits this well. Sense 8 "utter aloud" could also apply but seems less specific to the communicative intent.

I'm going with sense 1.

Actually, let me reconsider both "said" instances:
1. The couple said "Good morning" - This is a greeting
2. The woman said "Isn't it great just to be alive?" - This is expressing a sentiment

For the second one (our target), sense 1 seems appropriate: "express in words." She is expressing her feeling about being alive.

Hmm, but let me look at sense 8 again: "utter aloud" with example "She said 'Hello' to everyone in the office"

If sense 8 is meant for simple expressions like greetings and short phrases, then "Good morning" would fit there. But "Isn't it great just to be alive?" is a bit more substantive - it's expressing a feeling/opinion.

Sense 1, with its definition "express in words" and example "He said that he wanted to marry her," seems more suited for expressing thoughts, feelings, or intentions - which aligns with "Isn't it great just to be alive?"

I'll go with sense 1 for the target.

Wait, I should double-check whether both instances of "said" in the passage would have the same sense or different senses. In WordNet WSD, typically we analyze the specific target word in context. The target here is clearly marked as the second "said."

For the second "said" (the target), I believe sense 1 is the best fit because:
1. The woman is expressing a thought/feeling: "Isn't it great just to be alive?"
2. This aligns with sense 1's definition "express in words" and its example "He said that he wanted to marry her"
3. Sense 8 focuses on the physical act of uttering aloud, which applies but is less specific to the communicative content

My answer is sense 1.

Wait, let me re-examine sense 8 one more time.

Sense 8: definition=utter aloud | examples=She said `Hello' to everyone in the office

The example "She said 'Hello' to everyone in the office" involves a greeting, but is it really just about the physical act of uttering? Or is it about expressing a greeting communicatively?

In WordNet, "utter aloud" as a definition for "say" is a specific sense that emphasizes the vocalization aspect. However, the example involves a greeting which does have communicative purpose.

Looking at the distinction:
- Sense 1 seems to be about the communicative act of expressing something in words
- Sense 8 seems to be about the physical/vocal act of saying something

For our target "said" where the woman says "Isn't it great just to be alive?", she is both:
1. Uttering words aloud (sense 8 applies)
2. Expressing a sentiment/thought (sense 1 applies)

Which is more salient in this context? The woman is communicating her feeling to the narrator. The emphasis is on what she's expressing, not just that she's making sounds.

I think sense 1 is more appropriate because it captures the communicative purpose of her speech. Sense 8, while not incorrect, seems to under-specify the purpose of the utterance.

So my final answer is sense 1.

Hmm, but actually I'm now second-guessing this. Let me think about it differently.

The example for sense 8 is "She said 'Hello' to everyone in the office" which is clearly a communicative act (greeting people), not just physical utterance. So sense 8 isn't just about making sounds - it's about saying something aloud, which includes greetings and other simple expressions.

The example for sense 1 is "He said that he wanted to marry her" which involves expressing a desire/want, a more complex thought/feeling.

"Isn't it great just to be alive?" is somewhere between these - it's expressing a sentiment but in a simple, rhetorical question form.

Let me also note that sense 1 has synonyms "state, tell" which suggest more formal or content-heavy communication. Sense 8 has no synonyms listed in the candidates.

Given that "Isn't it great just to be alive?" is expressing a sentiment (similar to expressing a desire in sense 1's example), I still lean toward sense 1.

OK let me make a final decision. I'll compare the definitions and examples more carefully:

Sense 1:
- Definition: express in words
- Synonyms: state, tell
- Examples: He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you
- This sense seems to be about communicating substantive content (thoughts, feelings, information)

Sense 8:
- Definition: utter aloud
- Examples: She said `Hello' to everyone in the office
- This sense seems to be about vocalizing words, with the example being a simple greeting

For our target, the woman says "Isn't it great just to be alive?" This is:
- Expressing a sentiment/feeling about being alive
- A rhetorical question meant to share her positive feeling

This aligns more with sense 1's focus on expressing thoughts/feelings in words. While sense 8 applies (she is uttering aloud), sense 1 better captures what she's doing - expressing her sentiment.

My answer: sense 1

Actually, looking at this one more time, I notice that sense 8 has example "She said 'Hello' to everyone in the office" which is a direct quotation being said, similar to our target context where the woman "said, 'Isn't it great just to be alive?'" Both involve a character in a narrative directly saying something to another person.

Sense 1's example "He said that he wanted to marry her" is indirect speech, not a direct quotation.

This makes me reconsider. Direct quotations of what someone said aloud might be more aligned with sense 8, even when the content is more substantial than just a greeting.

Let me think about what "utter aloud" really means. It means to speak words out loud, to vocalize. When we say "She said 'Hello'" we're describing the act of her speaking the word "Hello" aloud. Similarly, when the woman "said, 'Isn't it great just to be alive?'" she is speaking those words aloud.

The sense 1 example involves reported/indirect speech ("He said that he wanted to marry her") which might be different from directly quoting what someone uttered.

Given this analysis:
- Sense 8 seems to involve direct quotations of what someone said aloud
- Sense 1 seems to involve expressing thoughts/feelings, often in indirect speech

Our target involves a direct quotation of what the woman said aloud. This leans toward sense 8.

However, I'm not entirely convinced this distinction holds. In narratives, we often see "He said, 'I want to marry her'" (direct) and "He said that he wanted to marry her" (indirect), and both would typically be considered the same sense of "say" - the act of communicating verbally.

Let me look at the definitions again:
- Sense 1: "express in words" - This emphasizes the content/meaning
- Sense 8: "utter aloud" - This emphasizes the physical/vocal act

The woman in our context is doing both - she is expressing her sentiment in words, and she is uttering those words aloud. Which aspect is more salient?

In the context of a narrative describing dialogue, I think the focus is on what the character is expressing/communicating, not just the fact that she's making sounds. The fact that we get the content of what she said ("Isn't it great just to be alive?") suggests the emphasis is on the expressive/communicative aspect.

I still think sense 1 is the better fit, though I acknowledge sense 8 could apply.

Final answer: sense 1

Wait, I should also consider sense 9:

Sense 9: definition=state as one's opinion or judgement; declare | examples=I say let's forget this whole business

"Isn't it great just to be alive?" could be seen as the woman expressing her opinion. However, the example "I say let's forget this whole business" has a more emphatic, directive tone. The woman in our context is more casually expressing a feeling. Sense 9 seems too strong/emphatic for our context.

So between sense 1 and sense 8, I'm going with sense 1.

Actually, let me reconsider once more. The definition of sense 8 is "utter aloud" and the example is "She said 'Hello' to everyone in the office." This is clearly a communicative act (greeting), not just making sounds. So "utter aloud" in this WordNet sense doesn't mean just vocalizing without communication - it means saying words aloud for the purpose of communication.

Given this, the question is: is "Isn't it great just to be alive?" more like:
a) Expressing a substantive thought/feeling (sense 1)
b) A simple communicative utterance (sense 8)

It's not just a greeting like "Hello" or "Good morning." It's expressing a sentiment, a feeling about life. This is more substantive and aligns better with sense 1's example "He said that he wanted to marry her" (expressing a desire).

I'm sticking with sense 1.

Hmm, but I realize I might be overthinking this. Let me step back.

The most common use of "say" is captured by sense 1: "express in words." When characters in a narrative "say" things, they are expressing words to communicate. This is the default, most general sense.

Sense 8, "utter aloud," is a more specific sense. In WordNet WSD, we typically prefer more specific senses when they clearly fit, but we shouldn't force a fit if the general sense works well.

Does "utter aloud" specifically fit our context better than "express in words"? I don't think so. The woman is expressing her feeling about being alive, which is clearly covered by "express in words." The "utter aloud" sense might apply when emphasizing the vocalization aspect (e.g., "She said the words aloud, though no one was listening"), but that's not our context.

I'm confident with sense 1.

Actually, looking at the example for sense 8 again: "She said 'Hello' to everyone in the office"

This is describing what words she said - a direct quotation. The definition "utter aloud" with this example suggests that this sense is used when we're directly quoting what someone said.

Looking at sense 1's example: "He said that he wanted to marry her"

This is indirect speech, summarizing what he said.

Our target context: "said, 'Isn't it great just to be alive?'"

This is a direct quotation, similar to sense 8's example.

This distinction (direct quotation vs. indirect speech) could be relevant. If WordNet is distinguishing these as different senses:
- Sense 1 for indirect/reported speech
- Sense 8 for direct quotations

Then our target would align with sense 8.

However, I'm not sure this distinction is consistently made in WordNet or in general usage. Both "He said, 'I want to marry her'" and "He said that he wanted to marry her" are commonly described with the same sense of "say."

Let me look at the definition more carefully:
- Sense 1: "express in words"
- Sense 8: "utter aloud"

Both could apply to direct quotations. The woman is both expressing words and uttering them aloud.

I think the key difference might be:
- Sense 1: Focus on what is being expressed (the content/meaning)
- Sense 8: Focus on the act of vocalizing/speaking

In our context, the focus is on what the woman is expressing - her sentiment about being alive. The content matters. This aligns with sense 1.

Sense 8 would be more appropriate if the focus were on the act of vocalizing, like: "She opened her mouth and said the words aloud" or if she said something simple like a greeting.

"Isn't it great just to be alive?" is expressing a meaningful sentiment, not just a greeting or simple phrase.

I'm going with sense 1.

Let me make one final check. The examples for sense 1 are:
- He said that he wanted to marry her
- tell me what is bothering you

These involve expressing thoughts, feelings, requests - substantive content.

The example for sense 8 is:
- She said 'Hello' to everyone in the office

This involves a simple greeting.

"Isn't it great just to be alive?" is expressing a sentiment/feeling, which aligns more with the substantive content in sense 1's examples.

Final answer: sense 1.

OK, I need to just make a decision.

Looking at the context: the woman "said, 'Isn't it great just to be alive?'"

She is expressing a sentiment/feeling about life. This is a substantive expression of a thought/feeling.

Sense 1: "express in words" with example "He said that he wanted to marry her"
Sense 8: "utter aloud" with example "She said 'Hello' to everyone in the office"

The content "Isn't it great just to be alive?" is more substantive than "Hello" - it's expressing a feeling about life. This aligns better with sense 1's example.

My answer is sense 1.

Actually, let me reconsider sense 8 once more. The definition is "utter aloud" but that doesn't mean it's limited to simple phrases. The example is "She said 'Hello' to everyone in the office" which is a greeting, but the sense itself could apply to any utterance.

When we say someone "said" something, we're typically describing them uttering words aloud. Sense 8 might be the most basic sense for direct speech in narratives.

Let me look at the synset structure. In WordNet, sense 1 is typically the most common/general sense. Sense 8 is a numbered sense further down, suggesting it might be more specific.

If sense 1 "express in words" is the general sense for saying something, and sense 8 "utter aloud" is a specific sense for... what exactly?

Actually, thinking about this more, "express in words" (sense 1) and "utter aloud" (sense 8) seem very similar. Both involve saying something. The distinction might be:

Sense 1: The focus is on what's being expressed (thoughts, feelings, information)
Sense 8: The focus is on the act of vocalizing/speaking aloud

In our context, when the woman "said, 'Isn't it great just to be alive?'" the narrative is telling us what she said - the content matters. She's expressing her feeling. This feels like sense 1.

Sense 8 might apply in contexts like:
- "She said the magic word aloud and the door opened" (focus on the act of vocalizing)
- "He said 'Hello' to break the silence" (the simple phrase matters, not its meaning)

In our context, the woman is communicating a sentiment, which is about expressing content/meaning.

Final decision: sense 1.

Hmm, one more thought. The phrase "Isn't it great just to be alive?" is phrased as a question, but it's more of a rhetorical question expressing her positive feeling. She's not really asking for an answer; she's expressing her sentiment.

This expressing of sentiment aligns with sense 1 "express in words."

OK I'm confident with sense 1 now. The woman is expressing her feeling in words, which is the core of sense 1. Sense 8 is too focused on the physical act of vocalizing and doesn't capture the expressive/communicative purpose as well.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: great
Target surface form: great
Context:
PANDA: Flesh goes to total alert for flight or fight. Nausea seems a commonplace symptom. Berkeley very quiet right now. I walked along Shattuck between Delaware and Cedar at a few minutes before eight this morning. Next to Chez Panisse a homeless couple, bundled into a blue sleeping bag, sat up, said, "Good morning "and then the woman smiled, said, "Isn't it <t>great</t> just to be alive? "I agreed.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=great%5:00:01:large:00 | definition=relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind | examples=a great juicy steak; a great multitude
2. sense_key=great%5:00:01:important:00 | definition=of major significance or importance | synonyms=outstanding | examples=a great work of art; Einstein was one of the outstanding figures of the 20th centurey
3. sense_key=great%5:00:01:extraordinary:00 | definition=remarkable or out of the ordinary in degree or magnitude or effect | examples=a great crisis; had a great stake in the outcome
4. sense_key=great%5:00:00:good:01 | definition=very good | synonyms=bang-up, bully, corking, cracking, dandy, groovy | examples=he did a bully job; a neat sports car
5. sense_key=great%5:00:00:uppercase:00 | definition=uppercase | synonyms=capital, majuscule | examples=capital A; great A
6. sense_key=great%5:00:00:pregnant:00 | definition=in an advanced stage of pregnancy | synonyms=big, enceinte, expectant, gravid, large, heavy | examples=was big with child; was great with child

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   The sentence is: "Isn't it great just to be alive?"
    *   The speaker is a homeless woman who, despite her difficult situation (homeless, sleeping on the street), smiles and expresses appreciation for being alive.
    *   The target word "great" describes the state of being alive.
    *   The sentiment here is clearly positive/appreciative. She finds the experience of living to be good, wonderful, or enjoyable.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   *Sense 1 (large):* "relatively large in size or number or extent". Examples: "great juicy steak", "great multitude". Does being alive fit "large in size"? No. This is a quantitative descriptor.
    *   *Sense 2 (important):* "of major significance or importance". Examples: "great work of art". While being alive is important, the context "Isn't it great just to be alive?" is expressing a feeling of joy or satisfaction, not necessarily weighing the significance of existence against non-existence in a formal way. It's more about quality than importance.
    *   *Sense 3 (extraordinary):* "remarkable or out of the ordinary in degree or magnitude or effect". Examples: "great crisis", "great stake". This usually modifies events or stakes, implying intensity or magnitude. While life is intense, this sense usually implies a "great storm" or "great pain". It doesn't capture the colloquial "excellent/pleasing" meaning intended here.
    *   *Sense 4 (very good):* "very good". Synonyms: "bang-up, bully, corking, cracking, dandy, groovy". Examples: "bully job", "neat sports car". This fits perfectly. The woman is expressing that it feels *good* or *wonderful* to be alive. This is the standard positive affective meaning of "great".
    *   *Sense 5 (uppercase):* "uppercase". Clearly irrelevant.
    *   *Sense 6 (pregnant):* "in an advanced stage of pregnancy". Clearly irrelevant.

3.  **Compare Context vs. Best Match (Sense 4):**
    *   The context expresses a positive emotional state.
    *   "Isn't it [very good] just to be alive?"
    *   This aligns with Sense 4's definition ("very good") and synonyms ("wonderful", "excellent" - implied by the list "dandy", "cracking").

4.  **Final Decision:** Sense 4 is the correct choice. It captures the qualitative judgment of value/pleasure.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Chutes

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: alive
Target surface form: alive
Context:
PANDA: Flesh goes to total alert for flight or fight. Nausea seems a commonplace symptom. Berkeley very quiet right now. I walked along Shattuck between Delaware and Cedar at a few minutes before eight this morning. Next to Chez Panisse a homeless couple, bundled into a blue sleeping bag, sat up, said, "Good morning "and then the woman smiled, said, "Isn't it great just to be <t>alive</t>? "I agreed.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=alive%3:00:01:: | definition=possessing life | synonyms=live | examples=the happiest person alive; the nerve is alive
2. sense_key=alive%5:00:00:lively:00 | definition=(often followed by `with') full of life and spirit | examples=she was wonderfully alive for her age; a face alive with mischief
3. sense_key=alive%3:00:04:: | definition=having life or vigor or spirit | synonyms=animated | examples=an animated and expressive face; animated conversation
4. sense_key=alive%5:00:00:sensitive:02 | definition=(followed by `to' or `of') aware of | examples=is alive to the moods of others
5. sense_key=alive%5:00:00:existent:00 | definition=in operation | synonyms=active | examples=keep hope alive; the tradition was still alive
6. sense_key=alive%5:00:00:aware:00 | definition=mentally perceptive and responsive | synonyms=alert, awake | examples=an alert mind; alert to the problems
7. sense_key=alive%5:00:00:active:05 | definition=capable of erupting | synonyms=live | examples=a live volcano; the volcano is very much alive

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: "alive"
    *   Context snippet: "Isn't it great just to be alive?"
    *   Speaker: A homeless woman smiling in the morning.
    *   Context meaning: The woman is expressing gratitude or joy about existence, about the state of living and breathing, as opposed to being dead. She is marveling at the state of being a living being.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `alive%3:00:01::` | Definition: possessing life | Synonyms: live | Examples: "the happiest person alive", "the nerve is alive".
        *   *Fit:* This is the basic biological sense of living vs. dead. "To be alive" usually refers to the state of existence. The example "the happiest person alive" fits the general usage. The woman is saying it's great to exist/have life.

    *   **Sense 2:** `alive%5:00:00:lively:00` | Definition: (often followed by `with') full of life and spirit | Examples: "she was wonderfully alive for her age", "a face alive with mischief".
        *   *Fit:* This sense usually describes a specific quality of liveliness or energy, often modifying a person's manner or a place (e.g., "alive with activity"). While the woman is cheerful ("smiled"), the phrase "to be alive" in the specific infinitive construction "great just to be alive" refers to the state of existence, not the attribute of being spirited/lively. You wouldn't say "It's great just to be full of life and spirit" in the same way you say "It's great just to possess life."

    *   **Sense 3:** `alive%3:00:04::` | Definition: having life or vigor or spirit | Synonyms: animated | Examples: "an animated and expressive face", "animated conversation".
        *   *Fit:* Similar to Sense 2, this describes a manner or attribute of an entity being animated. Again, "to be alive" in this context is the existential state.

    *   **Sense 4:** `alive%5:00:00:sensitive:02` | Definition: (followed by `to' or `of') aware of | Examples: "is alive to the moods of others".
        *   *Fit:* This requires a prepositional phrase complement ("alive to"). The context doesn't have this structure.

    *   **Sense 5:** `alive%5:00:00:existent:00` | Definition: in operation | Synonyms: active | Examples: "keep hope alive", "the tradition was still alive".
        *   *Fit:* This usually applies to abstract concepts like traditions, hopes, or memories.

    *   **Sense 6:** `alive%5:00:00:aware:00` | Definition: mentally perceptive and responsive | Synonyms: alert, awake | Examples: "an alert mind".
        *   *Fit:* This is synonymous with "awake" or "alert". While she is awake, saying "it's great just to be alive" is a deeper statement about existence, not just the state of wakefulness.

    *   **Sense 7:** `alive%5:00:00:active:05` | Definition: capable of erupting | Synonyms: live | Examples: "a live volcano".
        *   *Fit:* Context is clearly not about geology.

3.  **Select the best sense:**
    *   The phrase "to be alive" is the classic existential usage. The woman is happy she isn't dead. This maps directly to Sense 1 ("possessing life").
    *   Sense 1 examples: "the happiest person alive".
    *   Context sentence: "Isn't it great just to be alive?"

    Let's double-check Sense 2. "She was wonderfully alive for her age." This means she was energetic. "Isn't it great to be energetic?" That's not the idiomatic meaning of "It's great to be alive." That idiom means "It's great to exist."

    Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

4.  **Format output:**
    *   Return JSON: `{"sense_index": 1}`

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: agree
Target surface form: agreed
Context:
Flesh goes to total alert for flight or fight. Nausea seems a commonplace symptom. Berkeley very quiet right now. I walked along Shattuck between Delaware and Cedar at a few minutes before eight this morning. Next to Chez Panisse a homeless couple, bundled into a blue sleeping bag, sat up, said, "Good morning "and then the woman smiled, said, "Isn't it great just to be alive? "I <t>agreed</t>. It is.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=agree%2:32:00:: | definition=be in accord; be in agreement | synonyms=hold, concur, concord | examples=We agreed on the terms of the settlement; I can't agree with you!
2. sense_key=agree%2:32:01:: | definition=consent or assent to a condition, or agree to do something | examples=She agreed to all my conditions; He agreed to leave her alone
3. sense_key=agree%2:42:00:: | definition=be compatible, similar or consistent; coincide in their characteristics | synonyms=match, fit, correspond, check, jibe, gibe | examples=The two stories don't agree in many details; The handwriting checks with the signature on the check
4. sense_key=agree%2:42:01:: | definition=go together | synonyms=harmonize, harmonise, consort, accord, concord, fit in | examples=The colors don't harmonize; Their ideas concorded
5. sense_key=agree%2:42:03:: | definition=show grammatical agreement | examples=Subjects and verbs must always agree in English
6. sense_key=agree%2:40:02:: | definition=be agreeable or suitable | examples=White wine doesn't agree with me
7. sense_key=agree%2:32:04:: | definition=achieve harmony of opinion, feeling, or purpose | examples=No two of my colleagues would agree on whom to elect chairman

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   Target word: "agreed" (past tense of "agree").
    *   Context sentence: "Next to Chez Panisse a homeless couple... said, 'Isn't it great just to be alive?' I **agreed**. It is."
    *   Scenario: A narrator encounters a homeless couple. The woman makes a positive statement about life ("Isn't it great just to be alive?"). The narrator responds by saying "I agreed."
    *   Meaning: The narrator shares the opinion or sentiment expressed by the woman. The narrator is concurring with her statement.

2.  **Evaluate the candidate senses:**

    *   *Sense 1: agree%2:32:00:: | definition=be in accord; be in agreement | synonyms=hold, concur, concord | examples=We agreed on the terms of the settlement; I can't agree with you!*
        *   Analysis: This sense covers the general state of being in accord or sharing an opinion. The example "I can't agree with you!" (or "I agreed with you") is structurally similar to "I agreed." The definition "be in accord" fits perfectly. The narrator concurs with the woman's sentiment.

    *   *Sense 2: agree%2:32:01:: | definition=consent or assent to a condition, or agree to do something | examples=She agreed to all my conditions; He agreed to leave her alone*
        *   Analysis: This sense implies a transactional or conditional acceptance ("agree to do X" or "agree to conditions"). The narrator isn't accepting conditions or promising to do something. They are sharing a sentiment. This is not the right fit.

    *   *Sense 3: agree%2:42:00:: | definition=be compatible, similar or consistent; coincide in their characteristics | synonyms=match, fit, correspond, check, jibe | examples=The two stories don't agree in many details...*
        *   Analysis: This is about factual consistency (stories, details, handwriting). It does not fit the context of sharing an opinion about life being great.

    *   *Sense 4: agree%2:42:01:: | definition=go together | synonyms=harmonize, harmonise, consort, accord, concord, fit in | examples=The colors don't harmonize...*
        *   Analysis: This is about aesthetic compatibility (colors, music). Not relevant here.

    *   *Sense 5: agree%2:42:03:: | definition=show grammatical agreement | examples=Subjects and verbs must always agree in English*
        *   Analysis: Grammatical usage. Irrelevant.

    *   *Sense 6: agree%2:40:02:: | definition=be agreeable or suitable | examples=White wine doesn't agree with me*
        *   Analysis: Usually used in negative constructions regarding food/health ("doesn't agree with my stomach"). Irrelevant.

    *   *Sense 7: agree%2:32:04:: | definition=achieve harmony of opinion, feeling, or purpose | examples=No two of my colleagues would agree on whom to elect chairman*
        *   Analysis: This is close to Sense 1, but usually implies a process of negotiation or collective decision-making ("achieve harmony..."). While the narrator achieves a moment of shared opinion, Sense 1 ("be in accord") captures the state of the narrator concurring with a specific statement made by another individual more directly. Sense 1 is the general stative sense of sharing an opinion. Sense 7 often implies the result of a discussion or the act of coming to an agreement (often transitive or prepositional "agree on"). The example for Sense 7 ("No two of my colleagues would agree...") implies a failure to reach a joint decision. Here, the narrator simply concurs with an utterance.

    *   *Re-evaluating Sense 1 vs Sense 7:*
        *   Sense 1: "be in accord; be in agreement". Examples: "We agreed on the terms", "I can't agree with you".
        *   Sense 7: "achieve harmony of opinion". Example: "No two of my colleagues would agree on whom to elect".
        *   In the text: "Isn't it great just to be alive? I agreed."
        *   The narrator is expressing concurrence with a proposition. This is the core "be in accord" meaning (Sense 1). Sense 7 focuses on the *achievement* or *process* of harmonizing opinions, often in a group setting regarding a decision. Sense 1 covers the simple act of sharing the same view as stated in the examples. The example "I can't agree with you!" under Sense 1 is structurally the closest parallel to "I agreed."

3.  **Conclusion:**
    Sense 1 is the best fit. The narrator concurs with the woman's statement.

4.  **Format Output:**
    JSON object {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: Parasail


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: group
Target surface form: group
Context:
U.N. <t>group</t> drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=group%1:03:00:: | definition=any number of entities (members) considered as a unit | synonyms=grouping
2. sense_key=group%1:27:00:: | definition=(chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule | synonyms=radical, chemical group
3. sense_key=group%1:09:00:: | definition=a set that is closed, associative, has an identity element and every element has an inverse | synonyms=mathematical group

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target lemma and context:**
    *   Target lemma: `group` (noun).
    *   Context: "U.N. <t>group</t> drafts plan to reduce emissions..."
    *   The text describes a collection of people or representatives working under the U.N. to draft a plan regarding emissions.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   Sense 1 (`group%1:03:00::`): "any number of entities (members) considered as a unit". Synonyms: grouping. This is the general, hypernymic sense. It covers any collection of entities (people, objects, abstract things) treated as a single unit.
    *   Sense 2 (`group%1:27:00::`): "(chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule". Synonyms: radical, chemical group. This is specific to chemistry. The context is politics/environment/climate change, not chemistry.
    *   Sense 3 (`group%1:09:00::`): "a set that is closed, associative, has an identity element and every element has an inverse". Synonyms: mathematical group. This is specific to mathematics/group theory. The context is not mathematical.

3.  **Evaluate the fit:**
    *   Sense 2 is clearly wrong (chemistry context).
    *   Sense 3 is clearly wrong (math context).
    *   Sense 1 is the general definition of a group. The "U.N. group" refers to a collection of people/representatives forming a committee or delegation to draft a plan. They are entities (people/representatives) considered as a unit. This fits perfectly.

4.  **Formulate the output:**
    *   The correct sense index is 1.
    *   Format required: JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`.

5.  **Final check:** Does "U.N. group" fit "any number of entities (members) considered as a unit"? Yes. The other definitions are domain-specific and do not fit the context of international climate negotiations.

6.  **Construct JSON:** `{"sense_index": 1}`.

provider: Together


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: plan
Target surface form: plan
Context:
U.N. group drafts <t>plan</t> to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=plan%1:09:00:: | definition=a series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished | synonyms=program, programme | examples=they drew up a six-step plan; they discussed plans for a new bond issue
2. sense_key=plan%1:09:01:: | definition=an arrangement scheme | synonyms=design | examples=the awkward design of the keyboard made operation difficult; it was an excellent design for living
3. sense_key=plan%1:06:00:: | definition=scale drawing of a structure | synonyms=architectural plan | examples=the plans for City Hall were on file

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: "plan"
    *   Target surface form: "plan"
    *   Context: "U.N. group drafts <t>plan</t> to reduce emissions..."
    *   The sentence describes a document drafted by a U.N. group. This document outlines "ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years" and involves "industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden."

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** "a series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished".
        *   Synonyms: program, programme.
        *   Examples: "they drew up a six-step plan", "plans for a new bond issue".
        *   Fit: Does the context describe steps or goals to be accomplished? Yes. The "plan" involves reducing emissions over time, with specific nations taking on burdens. It's a course of action.
    *   **Sense 2:** "an arrangement scheme".
        *   Synonyms: design.
        *   Examples: "the awkward design of the keyboard made operation difficult", "it was an excellent design for living".
        *   Fit: This sense usually refers to the spatial or logical arrangement of something (like a keyboard layout or a lifestyle design). While a policy document has a "scheme," Sense 1 is much more specific to the execution of a goal over time (steps/goals). The context is about a policy "program" rather than a static "design" or layout.
    *   **Sense 3:** "scale drawing of a structure".
        *   Synonyms: architectural plan.
        *   Examples: "the plans for City Hall were on file".
        *   Fit: This is clearly about architecture/blueprints. The U.N. is drafting a policy document, not a blueprint for a building.

3.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   The text mentions "drafts plan". This implies writing a proposal for future action.
    *   Sense 1 emphasizes "steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished". The context explicitly mentions goals ("reduce emissions") and the burden distribution over time (steps/course of action).
    *   Sense 2 emphasizes "arrangement scheme". While a plan *is* an arrangement, Sense 1 captures the *purpose* of the document better—it is a "program" for action. The example for Sense 1 ("plans for a new bond issue") aligns well with the financial/political nature of the U.N. document ("plans to reduce emissions"). Sense 2 examples are more about configuration or style ("awkward design").

4.  **Conclusion:** The U.N. group is creating a program of action to achieve a goal (reducing emissions). This aligns perfectly with Sense 1.

5.  **Formulate the output:**
    *   Selected sense index: 1.
    *   JSON format: {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: emission
Target surface form: emissions
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce <t>emissions</t> The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=emission%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of emitting; causing to flow forth | synonyms=emanation
2. sense_key=emission%1:27:00:: | definition=a substance that is emitted or released | synonyms=discharge
3. sense_key=emission%1:22:00:: | definition=the release of electrons from parent atoms
4. sense_key=emission%1:22:01:: | definition=any of several bodily processes by which substances go out of the body | synonyms=discharge, expelling | examples=the discharge of pus
5. sense_key=emission%1:11:00:: | definition=the occurrence of a flow of water (as from a pipe)

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   Target word: "emissions" (plural noun).
    *   Sentence: "U.N. group drafts plan to reduce <t>emissions</t>..."
    *   Surrounding text: "...ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions..."
    *   Key semantic association: Greenhouse gases are substances (gases) released into the atmosphere. The context talks about "reducing" these things. You reduce a substance/amount, not necessarily an act (though you can reduce the act of emitting, usually the object "emissions" refers to the stuff emitted).

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `emission%1:04:00::` | Definition: the act of emitting; causing to flow forth | Synonyms: emanation.
        *   Analysis: This refers to the *action* or *process* of emitting. While one can reduce the act of emitting, the specific collocation "reduce emissions" in the context of climate change almost invariably refers to the pollutants (greenhouse gases) themselves. The text clarifies with "greenhouse-gas reductions".

    *   **Sense 2:** `emission%2:27:00::` (Note: The prompt says `1:27:00`, but standard WordNet hierarchy for "substance" is often under substance/physical entity. Let's stick to the prompt's numbering/indexing). Wait, looking at the prompt's list:
        *   Candidate 2: `emission%1:27:00::` | Definition: a substance that is emitted or released | Synonyms: discharge.
        *   Analysis: This refers to the *substance* itself. "Greenhouse-gas reductions" equates to reducing the *substances* (the gases). "Emissions" here is a metonym for the pollutants released. This fits perfectly with "greenhouse-gas".

    *   **Sense 3:** `emission%1:22:00::` | Definition: the release of electrons from parent atoms.
        *   Analysis: Physics context. Irrelevant to UN climate conferences.

    *   **Sense 4:** `emission%1:22:01::` | Definition: any of several bodily processes by which substances go out of the body | Examples: the discharge of pus.
        *   Analysis: Medical/Biological context. Irrelevant here.

    *   **Sense 5:** `emission%1:11:00::` | Definition: the occurrence of a flow of water (as from a pipe).
        *   Analysis: Hydrology/Plumbing context. Irrelevant here.

3.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   Context: "reduce emissions".
    *   Sense 1 is the act.
    *   Sense 2 is the substance.
    *   Later context: "greenhouse-gas reductions". Greenhouse gases are substances.
    *   Common usage: In environmental science and reporting, "emissions" refers to the pollutants (CO2, methane, etc.). "We need to lower our carbon emissions." This means lowering the amount of the substance.
    *   WordNet Sense 2 definition: "a substance that is emitted or released". This aligns best.

4.  **Select the Index:**
    The prompt lists senses 1 through 5.
    Sense 2 corresponds to "a substance that is emitted or released".

5.  **Final Check:**
    *   Context: Climate change, greenhouse gases.
    *   Target: emissions.
    *   Meaning: The gases/substances being released.
    *   Match: Sense 2.

    Let's double-check the WordNet sense keys provided in the prompt to ensure I'm using the prompt's specific ordering.
    Index 2: definition="a substance that is emitted or released".
    This is the correct sense.

    Output format: JSON object `{"sense_index": 2}`.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: climate
Target surface form: climate
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored <t>climate</t> conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=climate%1:26:00:: | definition=the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time | synonyms=clime | examples=the dank climate of southern Wales; plants from a cold clime travel best in winter
2. sense_key=climate%1:26:01:: | definition=the prevailing psychological state | synonyms=mood | examples=the climate of opinion; the national mood had changed radically since the last election

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the target word "climate" in the given context.

The context is about a "U.N.-sponsored climate conference" where they're discussing reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The word "climate" in this context refers to the environmental/atmospheric conditions and the long-term weather patterns that are being affected by greenhouse gases.

Let me examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=climate%1:26:00:: | definition=the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time | synonyms=clime | examples=the dank climate of southern Wales; plants from a cold clime travel best in winter

This sense refers to actual weather/climate in a geographical sense - the atmospheric conditions averaged over time in a particular location.

2. sense_key=climate%1:26:01:: | definition=the prevailing psychological state | synonyms=mood | examples=the climate of opinion; the national mood had changed radically since the last election

This sense refers to "climate" in a metaphorical sense - a psychological state or mood, as in "climate of opinion."

In the context, "climate conference" refers to a conference about environmental/climate change - specifically about greenhouse gas emissions affecting the Earth's climate (the weather/atmospheric conditions over time). This is clearly about the physical climate, not a metaphorical psychological state.

The conference is discussing "greenhouse-gas reductions" and "regulate greenhouse gases" - this is about the physical climate system of the Earth.

Therefore, sense 1 is the correct choice - the definition about "the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time" fits the context of a conference dealing with climate change and greenhouse gases.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: conference
Target surface form: conference
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate <t>conference</t> -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=conference%1:14:00:: | definition=a prearranged meeting for consultation or exchange of information or discussion (especially one with a formal agenda)
2. sense_key=conference%1:14:01:: | definition=an association of sports teams that organizes matches for its members | synonyms=league
3. sense_key=conference%1:10:00:: | definition=a discussion among participants who have an agreed (serious) topic | synonyms=group discussion

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Request:**
    *   Task: Fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD).
    *   Target lemma: "conference".
    *   Target surface form: "conference".
    *   Context: A news snippet about a U.N.-sponsored climate conference, discussing drafting plans to reduce emissions, unruly posturing, and a final political deal.
    *   Candidate senses:
        1.  `conference%1:14:00::` - a prearranged meeting for consultation or exchange of information or discussion (especially one with a formal agenda).
        2.  `conference%1:14:01::` - an association of sports teams that organizes matches for its members (synonyms=league).
        3.  `conference%1:10:00::` - a discussion among participants who have an agreed (serious) topic (synonyms=group discussion).
    *   Output requirement: JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`.

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   "The U.N.-sponsored climate <t>conference</t>..."
    *   "...characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations..."
    *   "...gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document..."
    *   "...final political deal..."
    *   Key attributes: It is U.N.-sponsored, it is an event spanning time (happened Friday), involves drafting plans, involves participants (nations), has an agenda (climate/emissions). It is an *event* where people meet to discuss and negotiate.

3.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1 (`conference%1:14:00::`):** "a prearranged meeting for consultation or exchange of information or discussion (especially one with a formal agenda)".
        *   Does it fit? Yes. The climate conference is a prearranged meeting. It has a formal agenda (climate change, emissions). It is for consultation and discussion (negotiations). This matches the standard usage of "conference" in "climate conference" or "press conference".

    *   **Sense 2 (`conference%1:14:01::`):** "an association of sports teams that organizes matches for its members" (synonyms=league).
        *   Does it fit? No. The context is about the UN and climate change, not sports teams. This is clearly wrong.

    *   **Sense 3 (`conference%1:10:00::`):** "a discussion among participants who have an agreed (serious) topic" (synonyms=group discussion).
        *   Does it fit? This sense refers to the act of discussion or the *type* of interaction (hypernym: discussion). While a conference *involves* discussion, the word "conference" in this context refers to the organized *event* or *meeting* itself, not just the act of discussing. WordNet usually distinguishes between the event (Sense 1) and the act of conferring/discussion (Sense 3).
        *   Let's look closer at the hypernyms/definitions.
        *   Sense 1 is defined as a "meeting". A climate conference is a large meeting.
        *   Sense 3 is defined as a "discussion". While the conference involves discussion, referring to "The U.N.-sponsored climate *discussion*" doesn't capture the scale of the event as well as "The U.N.-sponsored climate *meeting*". Furthermore, Sense 3 often implies a specific session of discussion, whereas Sense 1 implies the organized gathering. The text mentions "posturing", "release of a document", "final political deal". This implies a structured event/meeting rather than just the abstract concept of a group discussion.
        *   Most importantly, "conference" in "climate conference" is the standard term for a large-scale meeting of representatives. Sense 1 is the definition for that kind of meeting.

4.  **Compare Sense 1 vs Sense 3:**
    *   Sense 1: Meeting (Event). "I am going to a conference."
    *   Sense 3: Discussion (Act). "They held a conference on the topic." (This usage is rarer in modern English compared to Sense 1, usually one says "They had a discussion").
    *   The context describes the conference as an entity that "gained renewed focus" and "characterized by posturing". An event (meeting) is characterized by behavior. A discussion is characterized by content.
    *   However, the primary distinguishing factor is that "U.N. climate conference" is a large-scale assembly/meeting. Sense 1 fits "prearranged meeting".

    Let's check the mapping usually found in WSD tasks for similar contexts (e.g., SemCor).
    *   Context: "U.N. group drafts plan..." -> This is a formal meeting.
    *   Sense 1 is the generic "meeting" sense.
    *   Sense 3 is the "discussion" sense.
    *   Most NLP lexicons would map "climate conference" to the "meeting" sense (Sense 1). The text refers to the *gathering* of nations.

5.  **Final Decision:**
    *   Sense 1 captures the nature of the event: a prearranged meeting with a formal agenda (reducing emissions).
    *   Sense 2 is sports-related (incorrect).
    *   Sense 3 is "group discussion". While a conference involves discussion, the word itself refers to the meeting/institution/event in this context. "The conference gained renewed focus" -> The meeting/event gained focus.

    Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

6.  **Construct Output:**
    *   `{"sense_index": 1}`

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: focus
Target surface form: focus
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed <t>focus</t> Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=focus%1:09:00:: | definition=the concentration of attention or energy on something | synonyms=focusing, focussing, focal point, direction, centering | examples=the focus of activity shifted to molecular biology; he had no direction in his life
2. sense_key=focus%1:07:01:: | definition=maximum clarity or distinctness of an image rendered by an optical system | examples=in focus; out of focus
3. sense_key=focus%1:07:03:: | definition=maximum clarity or distinctness of an idea | examples=the controversy brought clearly into focus an important difference of opinion
4. sense_key=focus%1:26:00:: | definition=a central point or locus of an infection in an organism | synonyms=focal point, nidus | examples=the focus of infection
5. sense_key=focus%1:26:01:: | definition=special emphasis attached to something | synonyms=stress | examples=the stress was more on accuracy than on speed
6. sense_key=focus%1:19:00:: | definition=a point of convergence of light (or other radiation) or a point from which it diverges | synonyms=focal point
7. sense_key=focus%1:15:00:: | definition=a fixed reference point on the concave side of a conic section

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   Sentence: "The U.N.-sponsored climate conference ... gained renewed <t>focus</t> Friday with the release of a document..."
    *   Situation: A conference that was previously characterized by "unruly posturing and mutual recriminations" (chaos, lack of clear direction) now has a document outlining plans.
    *   Key phrase: "gained renewed focus".
    *   Meaning: The conference became clearer, more directed, or more concentrated on a specific goal/topic after the release of the document. It moved from chaos to clarity/purpose.

2.  **Evaluate candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** "the concentration of attention or energy on something" (synonyms: direction, centering).
        *   Does this fit? Yes. The conference gained "concentration of attention" or "direction". It shifted from posturing to a specific plan. "Gained direction" fits well here.
        *   However, let's look at other senses to see if they fit better or worse.

    *   **Sense 2:** "maximum clarity or distinctness of an image rendered by an optical system".
        *   Context: "in focus", "out of focus".
        *   Does this fit? Metaphorically, perhaps, but this is specifically defined as an *image* rendered by an optical system. This is too literal for the context of a conference gaining structure/clarity, though "gained focus" is often a metaphor derived from optics.

    *   **Sense 3:** "maximum clarity or distinctness of an idea".
        *   Context: "The controversy brought clearly into focus an important difference of opinion".
        *   Does this fit? The context says the conference "gained renewed focus". The conference became clearer or the ideas within it became clearer. The definition mentions "clarity or distinctness of an idea". The document provided a path forward, bringing clarity to the proceedings.
        *   Let's compare Sense 1 and Sense 3.
            *   Sense 1 implies "direction" or "centering". The conference had no direction; now it has direction (Sense 1). The activity shifted.
            *   Sense 3 implies "clarity" of an idea.
            *   In the sentence "gained renewed focus", the conference was chaotic ("unruly posturing") and then got a document which gave it a "basis for a final political deal". It became clear what the goal was. This leans slightly towards the optical metaphor for clarity (Sense 3) or the concept of direction/centering (Sense 1).
            *   Let's look at the specific phrasing "gained renewed focus".
            *   If I say "the discussion gained focus", it usually means it became less scattered and more defined.
            *   Sense 1: "the focus of activity shifted to molecular biology". This uses "focus" as the point where attention is directed.
            *   Sense 3: "maximum clarity or distinctness of an idea". "The controversy brought clearly into focus...".
            *   In the text, the *conference* gained focus. Did the conference become the center of attention? No. Did the conference gain "concentration of attention" (Sense 1)? Or did it gain "clarity/distinctness" (Sense 3)?
            *   The context contrasts "focus" with "unruly posturing". Unruly posturing implies confusion or lack of clarity/purpose.
            *   Is it "concentration of attention"? Sense 1 examples: "he had no direction in his life". The conference had no direction. It gained focus (direction). This fits Sense 1 well.
            *   Is it "clarity of an idea"? Sense 3 examples: "brought clearly into focus an important difference of opinion". Does the conference itself "gain" clarity of an idea? Or does the conference gain a clear direction?
            *   Let's look at standard usage distinctions in WordNet.
            *   Sense 1 is often used for "the focus of the study", "the focus of the meeting".
            *   Sense 3 is often used for "bring into focus", "out of focus" (metaphorical).
            *   The sentence says the *conference* gained focus. A conference is an event/activity.
            *   If a meeting "loses focus", it becomes rambling (Sense 1 or 3).
            *   If it "gains focus", it becomes directed.
            *   Sense 1 synonyms: "direction", "centering". "The conference gained renewed direction." This sounds very natural.
            *   Sense 3 synonyms: none listed, but definition is "clarity... of an idea". Does the conference gain "clarity of an idea"? Or does the conference (as an entity of activity) become more concentrated?
            *   Actually, Sense 3 is specifically about the *distinctness* of an idea. "The controversy brought clearly into focus..."
            *   Sense 1 is about the *concentration of attention or energy*. The conference was chaotic (low energy concentration/direction). Now it has a plan (high energy concentration/direction).
            *   Let's check Sense 5: "special emphasis attached to something". Synonyms: stress. "The conference gained renewed stress/emphasis?" No. That doesn't fit the "unruly posturing" contrast. It wasn't lacking emphasis; it was lacking structure/purpose.

    *   Let's reconsider Sense 3 vs Sense 1.
    *   Context: "characterized... by unruly posturing... gained renewed focus".
    *   Interpretation A: The conference became clear/distinct (Sense 3). It went from a blur to a clear picture.
    *   Interpretation B: The conference became directed/centered (Sense 1). It went from scattered to targeted.
    *   Example for Sense 1: "he had no direction in his life". This matches the state of the conference (no direction) and the transition (gained direction/focus).
    *   Example for Sense 3: "The controversy brought clearly into focus...". Usually, this construction is "bring into focus" or "come into focus". "Gained focus" is compatible, but Sense 1 ("direction", "centering") seems more applicable to an *activity* (a conference) than Sense 3 (clarity of an *idea*).
    *   The conference is an activity/event. Sense 1 refers to "concentration of attention or energy on something" or "direction". An event can have direction. An event can be the locus of energy.
    *   If I say "The camera gained focus," it's Sense 2.
    *   If I say "My life gained focus," it's Sense 1 (direction/centering).
    *   If I say "The argument gained focus," it could be Sense 3 (clarity of the idea).
    *   However, the conference is the subject. The document outlines reductions. The conference now has a point to it. It has "direction". Sense 1 includes the synonym "direction".
    *   Let's look at the mapping of "gained focus".
    *   If the conference "gained focus", it implies it was "out of focus" before. Being "out of focus" usually maps to Sense 3 (metaphorical) or Sense 2 (optical).
    *   Sense 3 Definition: "maximum clarity or distinctness of an idea".
    *   Sense 1 Definition: "the concentration of attention or energy on something".
    *   In the context of a conference, does "gaining focus" mean the *idea* became clearer, or the *energy/attention* became concentrated?
    *   The text says the conference was characterized by "unruly posturing". This implies the energy was scattered. The release of the document provided a "basis for a final political deal". This suggests the energy is now channeled.
    *   Synonyms for Sense 1: "focusing", "focussing", "focal point", "direction", "centering".
    *   "The conference gained renewed direction." This matches the context perfectly.
    *   "The conference gained renewed clarity of an idea." This is clumsy. One might say "The goals of the conference gained focus (clarity)," but saying the *conference* gained focus usually refers to the process/activity becoming directed.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 seems the best fit.

    *   Let's double check Sense 3 again.
    *   WordNet 3.1 (often the source):
        *   Sense 1: concentration of attention...
        *   Sense 2: maximum clarity... optical system.
        *   Sense 3: maximum clarity... of an idea.
    *   Is "gained focus" an idiom for "clarity"?
    *   "The discussion came into focus." -> Clarity (Sense 3).
    *   "The discussion lost focus." -> Loss of concentration/direction (Sense 1) or became unclear (Sense 3)?
    *   If I am in a meeting and it "loses focus", I usually mean people are talking about irrelevant things (Sense 1: lack of concentration/direction). They aren't necessarily "unclear" about the idea, they are just not concentrating on the central point.
    *   In the text, the conference was engaged in "unruly posturing". This is activity. This is lack of concentration on the main task. The document changed this. It gave "direction". Sense 1 has the synonym "direction".
    *   Sense 5 is "special emphasis". "Gained renewed emphasis" doesn't contrast with "unruly posturing" as well as "gained direction" does.

    *   Let's look at Sense 1 again.
    *   Example: "the focus of activity shifted to molecular biology". Here "focus" is the center point.
    *   Example: "he had no direction in his life". Here "focus" is the state of having direction.
    *   The context "gained renewed focus" describes a state change of the conference.
    *   Previous state: unruly, scattered (Sense 1 antonym).
    *   New state: directed, concentrated.
    *   This aligns with Sense 1.

    *   Let's check Sense 3 examples again. "The controversy brought clearly into focus an important difference of opinion". Here "focus" is the state of clarity.
    *   Could the text mean "The conference gained renewed clarity"? "The conference gained renewed clarity" sounds okay, but "gained renewed focus" implies a centering of purpose.
    *   "Gained focus" is often used for optical instruments (Sense 2) or metaphorical clarity (Sense 3) or mental/behavioral direction (Sense 1).
    *   Given the synonyms for Sense 1 ("direction", "centering"), and the contrast with "unruly posturing" (lack of direction), Sense 1 is the strongest.
    *   "Unruly posturing" = lack of centering/direction.
    *   "Gained focus" = gained direction/centering.

    *   Let's verify the definitions provided in the prompt strictly.
    *   Sense 1: "the concentration of attention or energy on something". Synonyms: "direction".
    *   Context: Conference (activity/event).
    *   Does the conference "concentrate attention or energy"? Yes, the participants do. The conference "gained focus" means the collective attention/energy became concentrated.
    *   Sense 3: "maximum clarity or distinctness of an idea".
    *   Context: Conference.
    *   Does the conference "gain clarity of an idea"?
    *   The document outlines reductions. The path forward is illuminated. The *situation* became clearer (Sense 3ish), or the *conference* got on track (Sense 1).
    *   Synonyms are crucial. Sense 1 has "direction". "Gained renewed direction" fits "unruly posturing" perfectly. "Unruly" implies lack of discipline/direction.
    *   Sense 3 has no listed synonyms in the prompt snippet, but the definition restricts it to an "idea".
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

    *   Selection: Sense 1.
    *   Index: 1.

    *   Wait, let me double check the indexing.
    *   Sense 1 is `focus%1:09:00::`.
    *   Sense 2 is `focus%1:07:01::`.
    *   ...
    *   The prompt asks for the "indexed sense".
    *   Candidate senses are numbered 1 through 7.
    *   My choice is Sense 1.
    *   Definition: "the concentration of attention or energy on something".
    *   Synonyms include "direction".
    *   Context "gained renewed focus" = gained direction.
    *   Contrast "unruly posturing" (lack of direction).
    *   This fits best.

    *   Let's consider Sense 5: "special emphasis attached to something". Synonyms: "stress".
    *   "Gained renewed stress"? No.
    *   "Gained renewed emphasis"? Maybe, but doesn't contrast with posturing as well as direction.
    *   Sense 1 is the winner.

    Final check:
    Context: "gained renewed focus".
    Meaning: Became more directed/organized/centered.
    Sense 1 def: "concentration of attention or energy on something".
    Sense 1 syn: "direction".
    Match: High.

    Sense 3 def: "maximum clarity or distinctness of an idea".
    Match: Medium. It implies clarity, but Sense 1 implies "direction" which contrasts specifically with the "unruly" behavior mentioned. "Focus" as "direction" is the behavioral opposite of "unruly posturing". "Focus" as "clarity of an idea" is an intellectual state. The conference is described in terms of behavior (posturing, recriminations). Therefore, the behavioral definition (Sense 1 - direction/concentration) is appropriate.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: document
Target surface form: document
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a <t>document</t> outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=document%1:10:00:: | definition=writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature) | synonyms=written document, papers
2. sense_key=document%1:06:00:: | definition=anything serving as a representation of a person's thinking by means of symbolic marks
3. sense_key=document%1:21:00:: | definition=a written account of ownership or obligation
4. sense_key=document%1:10:01:: | definition=(computer science) a computer file that contains text (and possibly formatting instructions) using seven-bit ASCII characters | synonyms=text file

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word**: The target lemma is "document" and the surface form is "document". It is a noun in this context (singular, preceded by "a").

2.  **Analyze the context**:
    *   The sentence discusses a "U.N. group drafts plan..."
    *   "...release of a <t>document</t> outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions..."
    *   "The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal..."
    *   Context keywords: U.N., climate conference, draft, plan, text, political deal, regulate.

3.  **Evaluate the candidate senses**:

    *   **Sense 1**: `document%1:10:00::` | definition="writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)" | synonyms="written document, papers".
        *   *Fit*: The context involves a U.N. climate conference. The document is a draft plan outlining reductions. It is clearly of an "official nature" (U.N.-sponsored). It is a physical or digital "writing" conveying information. The mention of "The text" later supports this. This seems like a very strong fit.

    *   **Sense 2**: `document%1:06:00::` | definition="anything serving as a representation of a person's thinking by means of symbolic marks".
        *   *Fit*: This is a hypernym or broader definition. While technically true, it is too broad. Sense 1 captures the specific "official nature" relevant to a U.N. conference. Sense 2 is often used for more abstract or philosophical definitions of writing/recording. Sense 1 is the standard, prototypical sense for a report or paper released by an organization.

    *   **Sense 3**: `document%1:21:00::` | definition="a written account of ownership or obligation".
        *   *Fit*: This usually refers to legal documents like deeds, mortgages, or bonds. The text is about a "plan" and "political deal," not necessarily a specific account of ownership or financial obligation in the legal sense. While the deal creates obligations, the document itself is a proposal/plan text, not a title deed.

    *   **Sense 4**: `document%1:10:01::` | definition="(computer science) a computer file that contains text..." | synonyms="text file".
        *   *Fit*: While the document likely exists as a computer file, the context emphasizes the *content* and *official nature* of the writing in a diplomatic/political setting, not the file format or the computer science aspect. Sense 1 covers the content/purpose better than the specific technical file definition.

4.  **Select the best sense**:
    *   Sense 1 fits best. It captures the "official nature" (U.N. conference) and the function (providing information/outlining reductions). The synonym "papers" fits the context of conference documents.

5.  **Format the output**: The user wants a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}` where X is the index number (1, 2, 3, or 4).

    *   Index 1 corresponds to `document%1:10:00::`.

    Therefore, the output should be `{"sense_index": 1}`.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: reduction
Target surface form: reductions
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas <t>reductions</t> over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=reduction%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of decreasing or reducing something | synonyms=decrease, diminution, step-down
2. sense_key=reduction%1:22:00:: | definition=any process in which electrons are added to an atom or ion (as by removing oxygen or adding hydrogen); always occurs accompanied by oxidation of the reducing agent | synonyms=reducing
3. sense_key=reduction%1:04:02:: | definition=the act of reducing complexity | synonyms=simplification

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target**: The target lemma is "reduction" (surface form "reductions"). The context is about a U.N. climate conference discussing plans to reduce emissions (greenhouse-gas reductions).

2.  **Analyze the Context**:
    *   "U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions"
    *   "...ambitious greenhouse-gas <t>reductions</t> over the next 40 years..."
    *   "...industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden..."
    *   "...regulate greenhouse gases..."

    The core meaning here is about lowering the amount or quantity of greenhouse gases being emitted. It is about decreasing a quantity (emissions).

3.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses**:
    *   **Sense 1**: `reduction%1:04:00::` | definition="the act of decreasing or reducing something" | synonyms=[decrease the act of decreasing something (in this case, emissions). The context talks about reducing amounts.
    *   **Sense 2**: `reduction%1:22:00::` | definition="any process in which electrons are added to an atom or ion..." | synonyms=[reducing].
        *   This is a chemistry sense (redox reaction). While "greenhouse gases" are chemicals, the context is about the *amount* of emissions, not a chemical reaction changing the oxidation state of the atoms.
    *   **Sense 3**: `reduction%1:04:02::` | definition="the act of reducing complexity" | synonyms=[simplification].
        *   This refers to making something simpler. Reducing emissions is not about simplifying them; it's about lowering the quantity.

4.  **Select the Best Sense**:
    *   Sense 1 deals with decreasing quantity ("decrease", "diminution").
    *   Sense 2 is chemistry-specific.
    *   Sense 3 is complexity-specific.

    The context clearly refers to the act of decreasing the amount of emissions. Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

5.  **Format the Output**: The user requested a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}` where X is the integer corresponding to the sense number (based on the list provided: 1, 2, or 3). Since Sense 1 is the correct one, the index is 1.

provider: Amazon Bedrock


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: year
Target surface form: years
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 <t>years</t>, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=year%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days | synonyms=twelvemonth, yr | examples=she is 4 years old; in the year 1920
2. sense_key=year%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity | examples=a school year
3. sense_key=year%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun | examples=a Martian year takes 687 of our days
4. sense_key=year%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who graduate together | synonyms=class | examples=the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word:** The lemma is "year", surface form "years".
2.  **Analyze the context:** The sentence is "...release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years..."
    *   Context meaning: A span of time duration.
    *   Specifics: "the next 40 years".
    *   Domain: Climate change, UN conference.
3.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   *Sense 1 (year%1:28:01::):* Definition: "a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days". Synonyms: twelvemonth, yr. Examples: "she is 4 years old", "in the year 1920". This refers to the standard unit of time.
    *   *Sense 2 (year%1:28:02::):* Definition: "a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity". Examples: "a school year". This refers to specific functional periods (academic, fiscal, etc.). The context is just a general duration, not a specific functional "year" like a school year.
    *   *Sense 3 (year%1:28:00::):* Definition: "the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun". Examples: "a Martian year". While technically Earth years are defined by revolution, this sense is usually reserved for astronomical contexts or discussing planetary differences. The context is general time duration on Earth.
    *   *Sense 4 (year%1:14:00::):* Definition: "a body of students who graduate together". Synonyms: class. Examples: "the class of '97". This is clearly incorrect for the context "reduce emissions over the next 40 years".

4.  **Evaluate the best fit:**
    *   The phrase "over the next 40 years" refers to a duration of time measured in the standard unit of years.
    *   Sense 1 fits this perfectly. It defines the unit of time (365/366 days) used to measure duration or age. The example "she is 4 years old" shows duration/age, similar to "over the next 40 years".
    *   Sense 3 is the scientific definition of the orbital period. While strictly true, WordNet distinguishes the general usage (Sense 1) from the astronomical definition (Sense 3). In general text, when we say "40 years", we mean 40 calendar units, not emphasizing the orbital mechanics. Sense 1's examples ("in the year 1920", "she is 4 years old") align with standard human/calendar usage found in the text.
    *   Sense 2 is wrong because it's not a "school year" or specific activity-bound year.

5.  **Conclusion:** Sense 1 is the correct standard definition for counting years in a duration context.

6.  **Format output:** The user wants a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}` where X is the index number (1-based). The correct index is 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: burden
Target surface form: burden
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the <t>burden</t> in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=burden%1:09:01:: | definition=an onerous or difficult concern | synonyms=load, encumbrance, incumbrance, onus | examples=the burden of responsibility; that's a load off my mind
2. sense_key=burden%1:06:01:: | definition=weight to be borne or conveyed | synonyms=load, loading
3. sense_key=burden%1:10:00:: | definition=the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work | synonyms=effect, essence, core, gist
4. sense_key=burden%1:09:00:: | definition=the central idea that is expanded in a document or discourse

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "burden" used in the context: "industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term."
Here, "burden" refers to the responsibility or onerous concern of reducing greenhouse-gas emissions.
Candidate senses:
1. an onerous or difficult concern | synonyms=load, encumbrance, incumbrance, onus | examples=the burden of responsibility
2. weight to be borne or conveyed | synonyms=load, loading
3. the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work
4. the central idea that is expanded in a document or discourse

Sense 1 perfectly matches "shouldering most of the burden", which means taking on the difficult responsibility or concern. "The burden of responsibility" in the examples aligns well with the responsibility of reducing emissions.

Therefore, the best indexed sense is 1.

provider: SiliconFlow