[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: past
Target surface form: past
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the <t>past</t> half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=past%3:00:00:: | definition=earlier than the present time; no longer current | examples=time past; his youth is past
2. sense_key=past%5:00:00:outgoing:00 | definition=of a person who has held and relinquished a position or office | synonyms=preceding, retiring | examples=a retiring member of the board

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Lemma and Context:**
    *   Target Lemma: `past`
    *   Target Surface Form: `past`
    *   Context Phrase: "...over the past half century."
    *   Full Context: "Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful... political 'ticket splitting' has been on the rise over the past half century."
    *   Syntactic Function: "past" is modifying "half century". It functions as an adjective (or determinative) indicating time relative to the present.

2.  **Analyze Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:**
        *   Definition: "earlier than the present time; no longer current"
        *   Examples: "time past", "his youth is past"
        *   Analysis: This sense relates to time. It indicates a period preceding now. In the phrase "past half century", it means the fifty years leading up to the present. "Over the past half century" implies a span of time starting earlier and continuing up to the present, essentially defining a temporal window relative to "now". The definition "earlier than the present time" fits the temporal nature of the phrase. Note: WordNet definitions can be tricky. Sometimes "past" in "past half century" acts like "preceding" or "last". Let's see if Sense 1 captures this. The example "time past" is slightly different (noun phrase usually), but "his youth is past" refers to a state being over. However, the core meaning of "past" as a temporal adjective usually maps to the concept of "gone by" or "preceding the present".

    *   **Sense 2:**
        *   Definition: "of a person who has held and relinquished a position or office"
        *   Synonyms: preceding, retiring
        *   Examples: "a retiring member of the board"
        *   Analysis: This sense applies to *people* holding offices. The context is about a "half century" (a time period), not a person. This sense is clearly incorrect.

3.  **Re-evaluating Sense 1 vs. the specific phrase "past half century":**
    *   The phrase is "past half century".
    *   Common usage: "in the past week", "over the past year".
    *   Does WordNet have a specific sense for "past" meaning "preceding" or "last" in a temporal series (like "the past three days")?
    *   Let's check standard WordNet mapping for this usage.
    *   WordNet 3.0 or 3.1 entries for `past` (adj):
        *   1. earlier than the present time; no longer current (e.g., "time past").
        *   2. of a person who has held and relinquished a position or office (e.g., "retiring").
    *   Wait, let me double-check if there is a sense for "immediately past" or "just gone" (like "last").
    *   Often, "past" in "past week" is treated as synonymous with "last" (meaning immediate predecessor in time).
    *   However, looking at the provided candidates:
        *   Sense 1: "earlier than the present time; no longer current".
        *   Sense 2: "of a person..."
    *   Context: "over the past half century". This refers to the time period preceding now.
    *   Is there a sense missing? Or does Sense 1 cover it?
    *   "Earlier than the present time" fits "past half century". The half century is earlier than the present time (technically, it leads up to the present).
    *   Let's look at the examples for Sense 1: "time past", "his youth is past". These are noun-like or predicative uses. However, the definition "earlier than the present time" is the general temporal definition.
    *   Is there a sense of "past" meaning "preceding"? The synonyms for Sense 2 are "preceding, retiring". This suggests Sense 2 *might* be the intended mapping for "preceding" in some WordNet versions (often WN 2.0 or specific mappings mix these).
    *   Let's scrutinize Sense 2 again. "preceding" is listed as a synonym here in the prompt's candidate list for Sense 2. "retiring" is the example.
    *   Does "preceding" fit "past half century"? Yes. "The preceding half century".
    *   Does Sense 2's definition "of a person who has held and relinquished a position or office" fit "half century"? No.
    *   There is a distinct possibility that the provided candidate list is derived from a specific WordNet version (like WN 1.7 or 2.0) where senses were organized differently or the provided synonyms/definitions might be slightly mismatched in the prompt's representation compared to modern usage, *or* Sense 2 is meant to cover "preceding" generally despite the specific definition provided.
    *   However, as a linguist, I must stick to the definitions provided in the prompt.
    *   Sense 1 Definition: "earlier than the present time". This matches "past half century" (a time period earlier than the present).
    *   Sense 2 Definition: "of a person who has held and relinquished a position". This clearly does *not* match "half century".
    *   Even though Sense 2 lists "preceding" as a synonym, the definition restricts it to people/offices. The target context is a time period.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the only logical choice based on the text provided. The "half century" is a period of time that is "earlier than the present time" (or leading up to it from the past). The "no longer current" part might feel slightly off for a duration spanning up to the present ("over the past..."), but "earlier than the present time" is the defining characteristic of "past" time.
    *   Let's verify standard WSD behavior for "past" in "past few years". Most dictionaries (Oxford, Cambridge) define "past" in "past week" as "gone by or elapsed in time". WordNet Sense 1 covers "earlier than the present time".
    *   Let's check if there's a "last" sense usually distinct. WN 3.0 has "past" (adj) with only these two senses essentially (plus a "last" sense usually attached to the lemma `last` not `past`, or sometimes mapped).
    *   Actually, looking at WordNet 3.0:
        *   `past` (adj) has 2 senses.
        *   1. earlier than the present time; no longer current...
        *   2. (grammar) a verb tense...
        *   Wait, the provided Sense 2 in the prompt is "of a person...". This corresponds to WordNet 3.0's `retiring`? No, `retiring` is a separate lemma. Or is it?
        *   Let's look at the provided data strictly.
        *   Sense 2: "of a person who has held and relinquished a position or office". This is definitely not about time.
        *   Sense 1: "earlier than the present time". This is about time.
        *   Target: "past half century" (Time).
        *   Conclusion: Sense 1 is the best fit.

    *   Is there any ambiguity? "Over the past half century" implies a duration ending at the present. "Earlier than the present" covers the period prior to the instant of now. The definition "no longer current" might suggest the time is finished (which a "half century" of history arguably is, distinct from the immediate present second), but the primary definition "earlier than the present time" is the operative link.
    *   Sense 2 is semantically incompatible because a century is not a person holding office.
    *   Sense 1 is semantically compatible because it relates to time.

4.  **Final Decision:**
    *   Target: Time period.
    *   Sense 1: Time definition.
    *   Sense 2: Person/Office definition.
    *   Selection: Sense 1.

    *   Let's check indexing. Usually starts at 1.
    *   Sense 1 is "past%3:00:00::".
    *   Sense 2 is "past%5:00:00:outgoing:00".

    *   Therefore, index is 1.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: presidential
Target surface form: presidential
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one <t>presidential</t> election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=presidential%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to a president or presidency | examples=presidential aides; presidential veto
2. sense_key=presidential%3:00:00:: | definition=befitting a president | examples=criticized the candidate for not looking presidential

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Lemma:** "presidential" (adjective).
2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   Sentence: "Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic *presidential* candidate since Adlai Stevenson..."
    *   Sentence: "In only one *presidential* election year prior to 1948..."
    *   The phrase "presidential candidate" refers to a candidate running for the office of president.
    *   The phrase "presidential election year" refers to the election year involving the office of the president.
    *   The context is about the political role or office, not the dignity or appearance of the person.
3.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**
    *   Sense 1: `presidential%3:01:00::` | Definition: relating to a president or presidency | Examples: presidential aides; presidential veto.
    *   Sense 2: `presidential%3:00:00::` | Definition: befitting a president | Examples: criticized the candidate for not looking presidential.
4.  **Compare Context to Senses:**
    *   "Democratic presidential candidate" -> A candidate relating to the presidency (running for president).
    *   "Presidential election year" -> An election year relating to the presidency.
    *   This fits Sense 1 perfectly ("relating to a president or presidency").
    *   Sense 2 ("befitting a president") refers to style, demeanor, or appearance (e.g., "looking presidential"). This is clearly not the meaning here. A "presidential candidate" isn't necessarily "befitting a president" yet; they are just a candidate *for* the presidency.
5.  **Select the Best Sense:** Sense 1 is the correct choice.
6.  **Format Output:** The user requested JSON format `{"sense_index": X}` where X is the index number.
    *   Sense 1 corresponds to index 1.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: StreamLake

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: election
Target surface form: election
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential <t>election</t> year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=election%1:04:01:: | definition=a vote to select the winner of a position or political office | examples=the results of the election will be announced tonight
2. sense_key=election%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of selecting someone or something; the exercise of deliberate choice | examples=her election of medicine as a profession
3. sense_key=election%1:26:00:: | definition=the status or fact of being elected | examples=they celebrated his election
4. sense_key=election%1:09:00:: | definition=the predestination of some individuals as objects of divine mercy (especially as conceived by Calvinists)

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   Sentence: "In only one presidential **election** year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives."
    *   Preceding context mentions: "GOP congressional hopeful," "Mississippi district," "presidential candidate," "federal level," "political 'ticket splitting'." "White House," "House of Representatives."
    *   The phrase is "presidential **election** year".
    *   Meaning: This refers to the event/process of voting for the president and other officials. It refers to the specific time and process of selecting candidates for office.

2.  **Analyze the Senses:**
    *   Sense 1: "a vote to select the winner of a position or political office" (e.g., "the results of the election will be announced tonight"). This is the standard political definition.
    *   Sense 2: "the act of selecting someone or something; the exercise of deliberate choice" (e.g., "her election of medicine as a profession"). This is a general act of choice, not necessarily political voting.
    *   Sense 3: "the status or fact of being elected" (e.g., "they celebrated his election"). This refers to the outcome/state (being elected), not the event/process itself.
    *   Sense 4: "the predestination of some individuals..." (Theological definition). Clearly not applicable.

3.  **Compare Context to Senses:**
    *   The context talks about a "presidential election year" where candidates for the White House and House of Representatives are chosen.
    *   Sense 4 is irrelevant.
    *   Sense 2 is about general choice (choosing a career), not political voting.
    *   Sense 3 is about the *result* or *status* of winning (e.g., "his election to the board was controversial"). The context talks about the *year* in which the vote happens. You don't say "presidential *status-of-being-elected* year". You say "presidential *vote-to-select-winner* year".
    *   Sense 1 defines it as "a vote to select the winner of a position or political office". This fits perfectly. A "presidential election" is the vote to select the President.

4.  **Determine the Best Fit:**
    *   The target word is part of the phrase "presidential election year".
    *   The core meaning of "election" here is the event/vote to select the political office holder.
    *   This matches Sense 1.

5.  **Format Output:**
    *   The prompt asks for a JSON object: {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: Together


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: year
Target surface form: year
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election <t>year</t> prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=year%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days | synonyms=twelvemonth, yr | examples=she is 4 years old; in the year 1920
2. sense_key=year%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity | examples=a school year
3. sense_key=year%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun | examples=a Martian year takes 687 of our days
4. sense_key=year%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who graduate together | synonyms=class | examples=the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Word and Context:**
    *   Target lemma: "year"
    *   Target surface form: "year"
    *   Context sentence: "In only one presidential election <t>year</t> prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives."

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1 (year%1:28:01::):**
        *   Definition: a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days.
        *   Synonyms: twelvemonth, yr.
        *   Examples: "she is 4 years old", "in the year 1920".
        *   Analysis: This is the most general, calendar definition of a year. It refers to a specific calendar year or a unit of time.

    *   **Sense 2 (year%1:28:02::):**
        *   Definition: a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity.
        *   Examples: "a school year".
        *   Analysis: This refers to specialized periods like fiscal years or academic years. The context refers to an "election year" or just a calendar year in which an election happens. While "election year" is a specific period, usually "year" in the phrase "presidential election year" refers to the calendar year (sense 1) modified by the adjective "presidential election" to denote the type of year. Let's check if this fits better than sense 1. Is "presidential election year" a named period like "school year"? Yes, but is the core meaning of "year" here the specific activity period or the calendar block? Usually, "in the year 1920" (Sense 1 example) is very similar to "in the election year". The text says "presidential election year", implying the year on the calendar when the election happens.

    *   **Sense 3 (year%1:28:00::):**
        *   Definition: the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun.
        *   Examples: "a Martian year takes 687 of our days".
        *   Analysis: This is the astronomical definition. The context is political/historical, not astronomical. Definitely not this one.

    *   **Sense 4 (year%1:14:00::):**
        *   Definition: a body of students who graduate together.
        *   Synonyms: class.
        *   Examples: "the class of '97", "she was in my year at Hoehandle High".
        *   Analysis: This refers to a cohort of people. The context refers to a time period ("In only one presidential election year..."). This is incorrect.

3.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   Context: "...presidential election year prior to 1948..."
    *   Here, "year" refers to a specific point in time on the calendar (like 1940, 1944, 1948).
    *   Sense 1 definition: "a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days". Example: "in the year 1920". The context phrase "presidential election year" functions similarly to "in the year 1920" – it identifies a specific 365/366 day block.
    *   Sense 2 definition: "...used for some particular activity". Example: "a school year". While an election is an activity, "presidential election year" is generally treated as a calendar year designation in political contexts (a specific year on the timeline), rather than a specialized segment of a year defined by an activity schedule (like a school year which spans two calendar years).
    *   Actually, WordNet often handles collocations like "fiscal year" or "school year" under Sense 2. However, "election year" usually refers to the calendar year in which an election occurs. The text mentions "In only one presidential election year...". This functions as a time index. It is synonymous with "calendar year" in this specific historical context (referring to the count of years, dates, etc.).
    *   Let's look at the synonym "twelvemonth" for Sense 1. This fits "election year" (a twelvemonth period).
    *   Sense 1 is the standard definition of a calendar year. The text discusses history/timeline ("prior to 1948"), reinforcing the calendar/time-period interpretation.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

4.  **Final Decision:**
    *   Sense 1: General calendar year.
    *   Sense 2: School/fiscal year (activity-defined).
    *   Sense 3: Astronomical.
    *   Sense 4: Student cohort.
    *   The context refers to a specific year in history (time period). Sense 1 is the best fit.

5.  **Formatting Output:**
    *   JSON format: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: nation
Target surface form: nation
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the <t>nation</t>'s congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=nation%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=state, country, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
2. sense_key=nation%1:14:01:: | definition=the people who live in a nation or country | synonyms=land, country | examples=a statement that sums up the nation's mood; the news was announced to the nation
3. sense_key=nation%1:18:00:: | definition=United States prohibitionist who raided saloons and destroyed bottles of liquor with a hatchet (1846-1911) | synonyms=Carry Nation, Carry Amelia Moore Nation
4. sense_key=nation%1:14:02:: | definition=a federation of tribes (especially Native American tribes) | examples=the Shawnee nation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target:** The target word is "nation" (noun, surface form "nation's").
2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   "In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate..."
    *   The sentence discusses political statistics ("presidential election year", "congressional districts", "party's candidate").
    *   The phrase is "the nation's congressional districts".
    *   Congressional districts are geographic/political subdivisions within a country.
3.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**
    *   **Sense 1:** "a politically organized body of people under a single government". Synonyms: state, country, land, commonwealth. Examples: "the state has elected a new president". This refers to the political entity or the state as a whole.
    *   **Sense 2:** "the people who live in a nation or country". Synonyms: land, country. Examples: "sums up the nation's mood", "announced to the nation". This refers to the populace.
    *   **Sense 3:** "United States prohibitionist..." (Carry Nation). Irrelevant.
    *   **Sense 4:** "a federation of tribes". Irrelevant.
4.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   The context phrase is "the nation's congressional districts".
    *   Do congressional districts belong to the *people* (Sense 2) or the *political entity/state* (Sense 1)?
    *   Congressional districts are administrative divisions defined by the government/political structure of the country.
    *   While one could argue the districts represent the people, the districts are components of the *political organization* of the land.
    *   Let's look at WordNet examples for Sense 1: "African nations" (entities), "the state has elected...".
    *   Let's look at WordNet examples for Sense 2: "sums up the nation's mood" (refers to the collective feeling of the people), "announced to the nation" (refers to the audience/population).
    *   The phrase "nation's congressional districts" implies ownership or containment. Districts are subdivisions of the *state* or *country* (Sense 1).
    *   If it were "the nation's mood" or "the nation's opinion," Sense 2 would be better.
    *   Since it refers to the political geography and administrative units ("congressional districts"), it aligns best with the political entity definition in Sense 1.
    *   Furthermore, the text mentions "federal level," "presidential election," "White House," "House of Representatives." This is discourse about the machinery of government and the political state.
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 (political entity) is the correct fit for "the entity containing congressional districts."
5.  **Final Decision:** Sense 1 is the definition of the country as a political entity.
6.  **Formatting:** JSON object `{"sense_index": 1}`.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: choose
Target surface form: choose
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts <t>choose</t> a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=choose%2:31:00:: | definition=pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives | synonyms=take, select, pick out | examples=Take any one of these cards; Choose a good husband for your daughter
2. sense_key=choose%2:31:02:: | definition=select as an alternative over another | synonyms=prefer, opt | examples=I always choose the fish over the meat courses in this restaurant; She opted for the job on the East coast
3. sense_key=choose%2:31:01:: | definition=see fit or proper to act in a certain way; decide to act in a certain way | examples=She chose not to attend classes and now she failed the exam

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   Sentence: "In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts <t>choose</t> a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives."
    *   Subject: "congressional districts" (representing the voters therein).
    *   Object: "a different party's candidate".
    *   Prepositional phrase indicating comparison/contrast: "than for the House of Representatives".
    *   Meaning: The districts are selecting/electing a candidate. The sentence highlights the act of selecting one thing (a candidate for the White House) that is different from another thing (a candidate for the House). It implies a selection process from available alternatives on a ballot.

2.  **Analyze the senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `choose%2:31:00::`
        *   Definition: pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives.
        *   Synonyms: take, select, pick out.
        *   Examples: "Take any one of these cards"; "Choose a good husband for your daughter".
        *   Fit: This fits the general action of voting. Voters pick a candidate from a list. This is a strong candidate.

    *   **Sense 2:** `choose%2:31:02::`
        *   Definition: select as an alternative over another.
        *   Synonyms: prefer, opt.
        *   Examples: "I always choose the fish over the meat courses in this restaurant"; "She opted for the job on the East coast".
        *   Fit: The context mentions choosing "a different party's candidate ... than for the House of Representatives". This structure suggests a comparison or preference (opting for X over Y).
        *   However, the primary action in an election is selecting a candidate. Is the sentence emphasizing the *preference* between two specific alternatives (X vs Y), or simply the act of selecting X?
        *   Let's look closely at the syntax: "choose [NP] ... than [NP]". The sentence contrasts the choice for the White House with the choice for the House.
        *   Does "choose" here mean "prefer X to Y"? In the example "I always choose the fish over the meat", there is a direct choice between two items on a menu at that moment. In the context of voting, voters choose a President and separately choose a Representative.
        *   The phrase "choose a different party's candidate... than" is a construction where the comparison happens via the "than" clause. It describes the outcome of the selection.
        *   Sense 1 is the general "select". Sense 2 is "select X over Y" (prefer/opt).
        *   While the context implies a split result (different parties), the verb "choose" itself in "districts choose a candidate" refers to the act of election/selection. The comparison is provided by the context/clause "a different party's candidate... than...", rather than the verb "choose" inherently taking the structure of "choosing X over Y" in the sense of preference at a single moment of decision between two competing objects.
        *   Actually, Sense 2 is specifically for the construction "choose X over Y" or "opt for X". The context here is "choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House". This is a bit different from "prefer".
        *   Let's reconsider Sense 1 vs Sense 2.
        *   Sense 1: General selection. "Districts selected a candidate." This works perfectly.
        *   Sense 2: Preference. "Districts preferred a different candidate."
        *   Usually, election contexts fall under Sense 1 (selecting/electing). The comparison is a property of the specific scenario (split-ticket voting), but the core meaning of "choose" is "elect/select".
        *   Let's check the examples for Sense 2 again. "I always choose the fish over the meat". This implies a direct comparison and preference.
        *   The text says districts "choose a different party's candidate". The structure isn't "choose Democrat over Republican". It's "choose [Candidate A] (who happens to be different from [Candidate B chosen for another role])".
        *   If I say "I chose the red shirt to wear today, and the blue shirt to wear tomorrow," I am using Sense 1 (selecting).
        *   If I say "I chose the red shirt over the blue shirt," I might be using Sense 2.
        *   The text: "choose a different party's candidate ... than ..." This phrasing highlights the discrepancy, but the act is "selecting a candidate".
        *   WordNet distinctions for "choose":
            *   Sense 1: General selection (pick out).
            *   Sense 2: Selection involving a preference/alternative (opt, prefer).
        *   In an election, voters pick from alternatives. Is the "over another" aspect emphasized? The text is about "ticket splitting". The act is the selection of the candidate.
        *   Let's look at Sense 1 examples: "Choose a good husband". This implies selecting from suitors.
        *   Let's look at the text again. The districts "choose a candidate". This is the act of voting/electing.
        *   Does Sense 2 require the syntax "choose X over Y"? The definition says "select as an alternative over another".
        *   The sentence construction "choose ... than ..." is a comparative clause modifying "different". It doesn't necessarily trigger Sense 2. The core event is the selection of the candidate.
        *   Standard usage in political science reporting: "Districts choose representatives" falls under the general selection sense (Sense 1). The comparison is context-dependent, not necessarily lexical. The verb isn't being used to mean "prefer" explicitly in the sense of opting for one option *instead* of another option for the *same* role, but rather filling two separate roles with different people.
        *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the better fit. It covers the act of selection (voting). Sense 2 is too specific to the "prefer/opt" nuance usually found in consumer choices or distinct alternatives for the same slot.

    *   **Sense 3:** `choose%2:31:01::`
        *   Definition: see fit or proper to act in a certain way; decide to act in a certain way.
        *   Examples: "She chose not to attend classes".
        *   Fit: This is for choosing an action (often followed by an infinitive). The context has a direct object ("candidate"). This sense is clearly incorrect.

3.  **Final decision between Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   Context: "districts choose a candidate".
    *   Sense 1: "pick out, select".
    *   Sense 2: "select as an alternative over another".
    *   While the context implies a split (choosing X for President and Y for House), the verb itself denotes the selection of the candidate. The construction "choose X ... than Y" is syntactically governed by the comparative "different... than". It is not "choose X *over* Y" in the sense of rejecting Y for the same position. The voter chooses X for President. The voter chooses Z for House. X and Z are different.
    *   If the text said "The district chose the Democrat over the Republican for the House seat," Sense 2 would be strong.
    *   Here, it describes the aggregate result of selection. "Districts choose a candidate". This is Sense 1.
    *   Example analogy: "I chose a salad for lunch and a steak for dinner." (Sense 1). "I chose salad over steak." (Sense 2).
    *   The text says districts chose a candidate for the White House *that was different* than the one for the House. This is like the salad/steak scenario—filling different slots.
    *   Conclusion: Sense 1.

4.  **Formatting the output:**
    *   JSON object: `{"sense_index": 1}`.

provider: Chutes


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: party
Target surface form: party
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different <t>party</t>'s candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=party%1:14:01:: | definition=an organization to gain political power | synonyms=political party | examples=in 1992 Perot tried to organize a third party at the national level
2. sense_key=party%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of people gathered together for pleasure | examples=she joined the party after dinner
3. sense_key=party%1:14:02:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=company | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
4. sense_key=party%1:11:00:: | definition=an occasion on which people can assemble for social interaction and entertainment | examples=he planned a party to celebrate Bastille Day
5. sense_key=party%1:18:00:: | definition=a person involved in legal proceedings | examples=the party of the first part

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The user wants me to perform Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) for the word "party" in a specific context.

**Target Lemma:** party
**Target Surface Form:** party
**Context:** A political text discussing a Mississippi district election, GOP congressional hopefuls, Democratic presidential candidates, ticket splitting, and congressional districts choosing different parties' candidates.

**Candidate Senses:**
1.  `party%1:14:01::`: "an organization to gain political power" (synonyms: political party). Example: "in 1992 Perot tried to organize a third party at the national level".
2.  `party%1:14:00::`: "a group of people gathered together for pleasure". Example: "she joined the party after dinner".
3.  `party%1:14:02::`: "a band of people associated temporarily in some activity". Example: "they organized a party to search for food".
4.  `party%1:11:00::`: "an occasion on which people can assemble for social interaction and entertainment". Example: "he planned a party to celebrate Bastille Day".
5.  `party%1:18:00::`: "a person involved in legal proceedings". Example: "the party of the first part".

**Analysis:**
The context discusses "GOP congressional hopeful", "Democratic presidential candidate", "congressional districts", and the phrase "different party's candidate for the White House".
The word "party" here clearly refers to a political organization (like the Republican or Democratic party).
The sentence says: "...choose a different *party's* candidate..."
This fits perfectly with sense 1: "an organization to gain political power" (political party).

Sense 2 and 4 refer to social gatherings. Sense 3 refers to a group formed for a task (like a search party). Sense 5 refers to a legal entity.
Only sense 1 fits the political context.

**Conclusion:**
The correct sense is sense 1.

**Output Format:**
JSON object `{"sense_index": 1}`.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: candidate
Target surface form: candidate
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's <t>candidate</t> for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=candidate%1:18:01:: | definition=a politician who is running for public office | synonyms=campaigner, nominee
2. sense_key=candidate%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) | synonyms=prospect

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target word and context:**
    *   Target lemma: "candidate"
    *   Context sentence: "In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's <t>candidate</t> for the White House than for the House of Representatives."
    *   Broader context: The text discusses politics, elections, "GOP congressional hopeful", "presidential candidate", "congressional districts", "White House", "House of Representatives". It talks about voting for someone running for an office.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   Sense 1: "a politician who is running for public office". Synonyms: campaigner, nominee.
    *   Sense 2: "someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.)". Synonyms: prospect.

3.  **Disambiguation:**
    *   The specific instance is "...choose a different party's <t>candidate</t> for the White House..."
    *   The context refers to a person running for the office of the presidency ("for the White House").
    *   This is explicitly a political race.
    *   The earlier mention "presidential candidate" reinforces this.
    *   Sense 1 specifically mentions "a politician who is running for public office". This fits perfectly with someone running for the White House (President).
    *   Sense 2 is broader ("considered for something"). While a candidate for President is considered for the office, Sense 1 is the hyponym specifically for political elections. In WordNet, the more specific sense usually applies when the context supports it (regular polysemy/granularity).
    *   The phrase "choose a different party's candidate" implies the act of voting for someone on the ballot (running for office).
    *   Comparing synonyms: "nominee" or "campaigner" (Sense 1) fits better than "prospect" (Sense 2).
    *   Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

4.  **Format the output:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object: `{"sense_index": 1}`.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: percentage
Target surface form: percentage
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that <t>percentage</t> routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=percentage%1:24:00:: | definition=a proportion in relation to a whole (which is usually the amount per hundred) | synonyms=percent, per centum, pct
2. sense_key=percentage%1:21:00:: | definition=assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=share, portion, part | examples=he wanted his share in cash

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Lemma and Context:**
    *   Target lemma: `percentage`
    *   Context: "Now that <t>percentage</t> routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%."
    *   The sentence before mentions: "...did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate..."
    *   The sentence refers back to the specific statistic (20%) mentioned previously. It is talking about a rate or a proportion of districts.
    *   It mentions values like "a third" and "above 40%". These are statistical proportions/rates.

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:**
        *   Definition: a proportion in relation to a whole (which is usually the amount per hundred)
        *   Synonyms: percent, per centum, pct
        *   Fit: This fits perfectly. The context discusses a statistic (20% of districts), and the target word refers to that specific proportion/rate which is now a third or 40%. The synonyms "percent" or "pct" align with the "%" symbol used in the text.

    *   **Sense 2:**
        *   Definition: assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group
        *   Synonyms: share, portion, part
        *   Examples: "he wanted his share in cash"
        *   Fit: This sense usually refers to a portion of something concrete or a share of assets/profits. While "share" or "portion" could be used loosely to describe a part of the population, the context here is explicitly statistical and numerical (20%, 40%, a third). Sense 2 implies ownership or allocation (assets), whereas Sense 1 implies a rate or ratio. The text is discussing a statistical trend (ticket splitting), not the division of assets.

3.  **Compare and Decide:**
    *   Context: "...did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts... Now that <t>percentage</t> routinely equals a third..."
    *   The word "percentage" here stands in for "the 20% figure" or "the proportion of districts". It is used as a statistical term.
    *   Sense 1 defines it as a proportion/amount per hundred. The text explicitly mentions values like 40%.
    *   Sense 2 is about assets/shares.
    *   Sense 1 is the clear winner.

4.  **Format Output:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object with the sense index.
    *   The sense index corresponds to the list order provided.
    *   Sense 1 is the correct one.
    *   JSON format: `{"sense_index": 1}`.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: equal
Target surface form: equals
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely <t>equals</t> a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=equal%2:42:00:: | definition=be identical or equivalent to | synonyms=be | examples=One dollar equals 1,000 rubles these days!
2. sense_key=equal%2:42:01:: | definition=be equal to in quality or ability | synonyms=touch, rival, match | examples=Nothing can rival cotton for durability; Your performance doesn't even touch that of your colleagues
3. sense_key=equal%2:30:00:: | definition=make equal, uniform, corresponding, or matching | synonyms=match, equalize, equalise, equate | examples=let's equalize the duties among all employees in this office; The company matched the discount policy of its competitors

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Lemma and Context:**
    *   **Lemma:** equal (verb).
    *   **Surface Form:** equals.
    *   **Context:** "Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%."
    *   **Syntactic Frame:** [Subject: "that percentage"] [Verb: "equals"] [Object: "a third"].
    *   **Meaning in Context:** The sentence is stating that the percentage (of districts splitting tickets) reaches or amounts to the level of one-third. It is equating a numerical value (the percentage) with another numerical value (a third). It implies identity in value or quantity.

2.  **Analyze the Candidate Senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:**
        *   *Definition:* be identical or equivalent to.
        *   *Synonyms:* be.
        *   *Examples:* "One dollar equals 1,000 rubles these days!"
        *   *Analysis:* This sense deals with numerical equivalence or identity. The example "One dollar equals 1,000 rubles" is very similar to "percentage equals a third". It's about the state of being the same in value/amount.

    *   **Sense 2:**
        *   *Definition:* be equal to in quality or ability.
        *   *Synonyms:* touch, rival, match.
        *   *Examples:* "Nothing can rival cotton for durability..."
        *   *Analysis:* This sense is about performance, quality, or ability (rivalry). A percentage number doesn't "rival" or "match" a number in a competitive sense. It just *is* that number.

    *   **Sense 3:**
        *   *Definition:* make equal, uniform, corresponding, or matching.
        *   *Synonyms:* match, equalize, equalise, equate.
        *   *Examples:* "let's equalize the duties..."
        *   *Analysis:* This is a causative sense ("make equal"). The context is stative ("that percentage equals..." -> it *is* at that level, not making something else equal). The subject is not an agent performing an action to equalize things.

3.  **Compare and Decide:**
    *   The context describes a relationship of numerical equivalence.
    *   Sense 1 fits perfectly: "One dollar equals 1,000 rubles" (numerical/identity equivalence) parallels "percentage equals a third".
    *   Sense 2 implies competition/quality matching.
    *   Sense 3 implies an action of making things equal.

    Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

4.  **Format the Output:**
    *   The request asks for a JSON object: `{"sense_index": 1}`.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: know
Target surface form: know
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we <t>know</t>, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=know%2:31:01:: | definition=be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about | synonyms=cognize, cognise | examples=I know that the President lied to the people; I want to know who is winning the game!
2. sense_key=know%2:31:03:: | definition=know how to do or perform something | examples=She knows how to knit; Does your husband know how to cook?
3. sense_key=know%2:31:02:: | definition=be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt | examples=I know that I left the key on the table; Galileo knew that the earth moves around the sun
4. sense_key=know%2:31:00:: | definition=be familiar or acquainted with a person or an object | examples=She doesn't know this composer; Do you know my sister?
5. sense_key=know%2:31:04:: | definition=have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations | synonyms=experience, live | examples=I know the feeling!; have you ever known hunger?
6. sense_key=know%2:31:06:: | definition=accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority | synonyms=acknowledge, recognize, recognise | examples=The Crown Prince was acknowledged as the true heir to the throne; We do not recognize your gods
7. sense_key=know%2:31:15:: | definition=have fixed in the mind | examples=I know Latin; This student knows her irregular verbs
8. sense_key=know%2:35:00:: | definition=have sexual intercourse with | synonyms=sleep together, roll in the hay, love, make out, make love, sleep with | examples=This student sleeps with everyone in her dorm; Adam knew Eve
9. sense_key=know%2:31:11:: | definition=know the nature or character of | examples=we all knew her as a big show-off
10. sense_key=know%2:31:12:: | definition=be able to distinguish, recognize as being different | examples=The child knows right from wrong
11. sense_key=know%2:31:14:: | definition=perceive as familiar | examples=I know this voice!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
The target word is "know" in the context: "As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in Congress."
The phrase "As we know" introduces a fact or piece of information that the speaker assumes the audience is already aware of.
Sense 1: be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about. Examples: I know that the President lied to the people; I want to know who is winning the game!
Sense 3: be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt. Examples: I know that I left the key on the table; Galileo knew that the earth moves around the sun.

"As we know" means "as we are aware of this fact/information". Sense 1 fits perfectly for being aware of a fact or piece of information.
Sense 3 focuses more on "truth beyond any doubt" or "belief/faith", like knowing the earth moves around the sun. Sense 1 is more general factual awareness, which fits "As we know, voters tend to favor...". The fact about voters is a piece of information we are cognizant of.

Therefore, Sense 1 is the best fit.
Index 1 corresponds to sense_key=know%2:31:01::.

provider: SiliconFlow


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: tend
Target surface form: tend
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters <t>tend</t> to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=tend%2:42:01:: | definition=have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined | synonyms=be given, lean, incline, run | examples=She tends to be nervous before her lectures; These dresses run small
2. sense_key=tend%2:41:00:: | definition=have care of or look after | examples=She tends to the children
3. sense_key=tend%2:41:01:: | definition=manage or run | examples=tend a store

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "tend" in the context: "As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress."

Let me analyze each sense:

1. sense_key=tend%2:42:01:: | definition=have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined | synonyms=be given, lean, incline, run | examples=She tends to be nervous before her lectures; These dresses run small

This sense is about having a tendency or disposition. In the context "voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress," this is talking about a general pattern or tendency - voters have a disposition to favor Republicans more in presidential races. This fits perfectly.

2. sense_key=tend%2:41:00:: | definition=have care of or look after | examples=She tends to the children

This is about taking care of something/someone. This doesn't fit the context at all.

3. sense_key=tend%2:41:01:: | definition=manage or run | examples=tend a store

This is about managing or running something like a store. This also doesn't fit the context.

The context clearly shows "tend" being used to indicate a tendency or general pattern of behavior among voters. Sense 1 is the correct choice.

The answer should be {"sense_index":1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: favor
Target surface form: favor
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to <t>favor</t> Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=favor%2:41:00:: | definition=promote over another | synonyms=prefer, favour | examples=he favors his second daughter
2. sense_key=favor%2:31:00:: | definition=consider as the favorite | synonyms=favour | examples=The local team was favored
3. sense_key=favor%2:41:01:: | definition=treat gently or carefully | synonyms=favour
4. sense_key=favor%2:41:03:: | definition=bestow a privilege upon | synonyms=privilege, favour

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target lemma and surface form:**
    *   Lemma: favor
    *   Surface form: favor (verb)

2.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   The sentence is: "As we know, voters tend to <t>favor</t> Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress."
    *   Subject: voters
    *   Object: Republicans
    *   Prepositional phrase: more in races for president than in those for Congress.
    *   Meaning: Voters prefer or tend to vote for Republicans more in presidential races than in congressional ones. There is a comparison of preference/choice between two options (presidential races vs. congressional races).

3.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**

    *   **Sense 1:** `favor%2:41:00::`
        *   Definition: promote over another
        *   Synonyms: prefer, favour
        *   Examples: "he favors his second daughter"
        *   Analysis: This sense implies choosing one option over another or showing a preference. The context explicitly compares two things ("more in races for president than in those for Congress"). Voters *prefer* Republicans in one context over the other. This fits very well.

    *   **Sense 2:** `favor%2:31:00::`
        *   Definition: consider as the favorite
        *   Synonyms: favour
        *   Examples: "The local team was favored"
        *   Analysis: This usually refers to predicting a winner or betting odds (e.g., "The odds-makers favor the local team"). While voters "favor" a candidate in the sense of supporting them, the specific definition "consider as the favorite" (cognitive stance regarding winning chances) is slightly different from the act of voting/preference shown here. However, it's close. But looking at Sense 1, "promote over another" or "prefer" matches the action of voting for one party over the other (or voting for one party more in one context than another).

    *   **Sense 3:** `favor%2:41:01::`
        *   Definition: treat gently or carefully
        *   Synonyms: favour
        *   Examples: (implied, e.g., favoring an injured leg)
        *   Analysis: Completely irrelevant context. The voters aren't treating Republicans gently.

    *   **Sense 4:** `favor%2:41:03::`
        *   Definition: bestow a privilege upon
        *   Synonyms: privilege, favour
        *   Examples: (implied, e.g., God favored him)
        *   Analysis: This implies granting a special right or gift. While voting might be seen as granting power, the context is about preference/trends in voting patterns, not bestowing privileges in the specific sense of this definition.

4.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   Sense 1: "promote over another", synonyms "prefer".
    *   Sense 2: "consider as the favorite".
    *   Context: "voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president..."
    *   The sentence describes a behavioral trend of preference. Voters *prefer* Republicans in presidential races compared to congressional races. The structure "favor X over Y" (implied by "more in... than in...") aligns perfectly with Sense 1's "promote over another" and the synonym "prefer". Sense 2 is more about the status of being the likely winner. Voters make a choice/preference, they don't just "consider them the favorite" (though they might hope they win). The active act of supporting or preferring is Sense 1.

    *   Let's look at WordNet hierarchies usually.
        *   `favor%2:41:00::` corresponds to WordNet 3.0 `favor.v.01` (prefer). Definition: "promote over another". Example: "I favor my second daughter".
        *   `favor%2:31:00::` corresponds to WordNet 3.0 `favor.v.03`. Definition: "consider as the favorite". Example: "The local team was favored".

    *   In the text, voters are *choosing* or *preferring* Republicans. They are "promoting" them via votes. The comparison ("more in races for president") strongly points to "prefer". If I say "I favor chocolate ice cream," I mean I prefer it. If I say "The experts favor the reigning champion," I mean they think he will win.
    *   Here, voters are the agents. Voters *prefer* candidates. They don't just calculate odds; they express a preference through votes. Therefore, Sense 1 is the correct choice.

5.  **Final Decision:**
    *   Sense 1 captures the meaning of "prefer" or "support/choose one over another". The context "tend to favor Republicans more in [context A] than [context B]" is a classic comparative preference structure.

    *   Selected Index: 1.

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: republican
Target surface form: Republicans
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor <t>Republicans</t> more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=republican%1:18:01:: | definition=a member of the Republican Party
2. sense_key=republican%1:18:00:: | definition=an advocate of a republic (usually in opposition to a monarchy)
3. sense_key=republican%1:17:00:: | definition=a tributary of the Kansas River that flows from eastern Colorado eastward through Nebraska and Kansas | synonyms=Republican River

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the target lemma and surface form:**
    *   Target lemma: republican
    *   Target surface form: Republicans
    *   Context context: Politics, elections, voting patterns, GOP, Congress, President.

2.  **Analyze the candidate senses:**
    *   Sense 1: `republican%1:18:01::` | definition="a member of the Republican Party". This refers to the American political party.
    *   Sense 2: `republican%1:18:00::` | definition="an advocate of a republic (usually in opposition to a monarchy)". This is a general political ideology term (lower case 'r' republican usually, though WordNet might capitalize).
    *   Sense 3: `republican%1:17:00::` | definition="a tributary of the Kansas River...". This is a geographical location (Republican River).

3.  **Analyze the context:**
    *   The text discusses a "GOP congressional hopeful".
    *   Mentions "Democratic presidential candidate".
    *   Discusses "political 'ticket splitting'".
    *   Discusses voting for "Republicans" in races for president vs. Congress.
    *   Mentions "GOP" (Grand Old Party, a synonym for the Republican Party).
    *   Mentions "Goldwater presidential candidacy" (Barry Goldwater was a Republican).

4.  **Match context to senses:**
    *   The context is explicitly about the United States political landscape (GOP, Democratic party, Congress, President, Kansas/Nebraska references in the text are irrelevant to the word "Republicans" itself, but the Goldwater reference cements the US political party context).
    *   The phrase "voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president" clearly refers to members or candidates of the American Republican Party.
    *   Sense 2 (advocate of a republic) is too broad and doesn't fit the specific US party context where "Republicans" is capitalized and contrasted with "Democratic".
    *   Sense 3 (river) is completely wrong.

5.  **Select the best sense:**
    *   Sense 1 fits perfectly. It defines members of the specific political party mentioned (GOP).

6.  **Format the output:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   The best sense is Sense 1.

7.  **Final check:**
    *   Does sense 1 correspond to "a member of the Republican Party"? Yes.
    *   Does the context support this? Yes.
    *   Index: 1.

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: race
Target surface form: races
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in <t>races</t> for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=race%1:11:01:: | definition=any competition | examples=the race for the presidency
2. sense_key=race%1:11:00:: | definition=a contest of speed | examples=the race is to the swift
3. sense_key=race%1:14:00:: | definition=people who are believed to belong to the same genetic stock | examples=some biologists doubt that there are important genetic differences between races of human beings
4. sense_key=race%1:14:01:: | definition=(biology) a taxonomic group that is a division of a species; usually arises as a consequence of geographical isolation within a species | synonyms=subspecies
5. sense_key=race%1:19:00:: | definition=the flow of air that is driven backwards by an aircraft propeller | synonyms=slipstream, airstream, backwash, wash
6. sense_key=race%1:06:00:: | definition=a canal for a current of water | synonyms=raceway

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
1.  **Analyze the Target Lemma and Surface Form:**
    *   Lemma: "race"
    *   Surface form: "races" (plural noun).

2.  **Analyze the Context:**
    *   The text discusses political trends, specifically "ticket splitting" where voters vote for different parties for the presidency versus Congress.
    *   The key sentence is: "As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in *races* for president than in those for Congress."
    *   The phrase "races for president" and "races for Congress" refers to elections or competitions for political office.

3.  **Evaluate Candidate Senses:**

    *   *Sense 1: race%1:11:01:: | definition=any competition | examples=the race for the presidency*
        *   Definition fits: It describes a competition for a position (president/congress).
        *   Example fits perfectly: "the race for the presidency" matches "races for president".
        *   Context match: The text is about political contests/elections.

    *   *Sense 2: race%1:11:00:: | definition=a contest of speed | examples=the race is to the swift*
        *   Definition: Refers to running, driving, swimming fast.
        *   Context mismatch: Political campaigns are competitions, but not primarily about speed in the physical sense (though "run" is used metaphorically, "contest of speed" usually implies physical movement).

    *   *Sense 3: race%1:14:00:: | definition=people who are believed to belong to the same genetic stock...*
        *   Definition: Ethnicity/biology.
        *   Context mismatch: The text is about elections, not ethnicity.

    *   *Sense 4: race%1:14:01:: | definition=(biology) a taxonomic group...*
        *   Definition: Biology/zoology.
        *   Context mismatch.

    *   *Sense 5: race%1:19:00:: | definition=the flow of air that is driven backwards by an aircraft propeller...*
        *   Definition: Physics/aviation.
        *   Context mismatch.

    *   *Sense 6: race%1:06:00:: | definition=a canal for a current of water...*
        *   Definition: Hydro-engineering.
        *   Context mismatch.

4.  **Compare Sense 1 and Sense 2:**
    *   WordNet often distinguishes between a generic competition (Sense 1) and a specific contest of speed (Sense 2).
    *   Political elections are competitions. The example provided for Sense 1 is "the race for the presidency".
    *   The target context is "races for president" and "races for Congress".
    *   This aligns perfectly with Sense 1.

5.  **Final Decision:**
    *   The target word refers to electoral contests.
    *   Sense 1 is defined as "any competition" with the example "the race for the presidency".
    *   This is the exact meaning required.

6.  **Format Output:**
    *   The user wants a JSON object: `{"sense_index": X}`.
    *   The correct sense is Sense 1.

    *   Wait, let me double-check the index numbering.
        1. sense_key=race%1:11:01:: ...
        2. sense_key=race%1:11:00:: ...
        3. sense_key=race%1:14:00:: ...
        ...

    *   The list provided is numbered 1 through 6.
    *   Sense 1 is "any competition".
    *   Sense 2 is "contest of speed".
    *   Context: "races for president".
    *   Match: Sense 1.

    *   Therefore, `{"sense_index": 1}`.