[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: problem
Target surface form: problems
Context:
The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney <t>problems</t>. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=problem%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved | synonyms=job | examples=she and her husband are having problems; it is always a job to contact him
2. sense_key=problem%1:10:00:: | definition=a question raised for consideration or solution | examples=our homework consisted of ten problems to solve
3. sense_key=problem%1:09:00:: | definition=a source of difficulty | synonyms=trouble | examples=one trouble after another delayed the job; what's the problem?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**My Analysis of "problems" in the Context of Kidney Health**

Okay, here's the breakdown of my thought process in determining the correct sense of "problems" in the phrase "patients with moderate or severe kidney problems". My primary focus is on understanding whether the word refers to a state or a source of difficulty, particularly in a medical context.

Initially, I reviewed the candidate senses: Sense 1 (a state of difficulty), Sense 2 (a question), and Sense 3 (a source of difficulty). I immediately dismissed Sense 2 as irrelevant. My focus was on distinguishing between Sense 1 and Sense 3. I spent considerable time exploring WordNet's definitions and hierarchy, particularly the hypernyms and synonyms for each sense, as well as the noun classes.

I grappled with the common usage of "kidney trouble" and "kidney problems", recognizing their interchangeability. I analyzed how "trouble" is defined, especially when considering medical implications. While WordNet doesn't explicitly have a medical sense, I recognized the idiomatic use of "kidney trouble".

The critical turning point came when considering the phrase "patients *with* kidney problems" and its semantic relationship to "patients *having* kidney problems". The act of "having" strongly suggests a state or condition, rather than an external source of difficulty. This prompted me to thoroughly analyze the definition and examples provided by WordNet. I checked how SemCor annotates similar phrases, like "health problems".

I meticulously examined the examples and noun classes in WordNet. I recognized that "kidney problems" is a condition. My expertise led me to understand that the terms "moderate" and "severe" modify the degree of impairment/condition, which is characteristic of the state.

The hypernyms and hyponyms offered me valuable insight. Sense 1's hypernym is "difficulty, trouble" - these are states or conditions, fitting my understanding of "kidney problems". Sense 3's hypernym is "negative stimulus" – I felt that this did not accurately depict the medical problem.

I then explored the difference between "having problems" and "what's the problem?", linking "having problems" to the state, and "what's the problem?" to the source. The critical differentiation lies in the patient *having* a state of difficulty, rather than the kidney *being* a source of difficulty. The kidney *causing* a problem is the source of difficulty, not the state. The kidney is the object.

I realized the distinction lies in the distinction between a “problem with” and a “source of”. “Having problems” or “problems with” is the key. The “problems” is a problem *of* the kidney or *with* the kidney, so the problem *is* a state of.

The fact that "kidney problems" is in the plural form ("problems" *with* the kidney, referring to the state of affairs) further reinforced that it is a state of difficulty that needs to be addressed. The state of "having" these problems.

Therefore, I have definitively concluded that sense 1 (problem%1:26:00::), which is defined as "a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved" and is categorized under noun.state, is the most accurate sense of "problems" in the context of kidney health. This sense accurately reflects the patient's medical condition.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: more
Target surface form: more
Context:
It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For <t>more</t> information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=more%3:00:01:: | definition=(comparative of `much' used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree | synonyms=more than | examples=more land; more support
2. sense_key=more%3:00:02:: | definition=(comparative of `many' used with count nouns) quantifier meaning greater in number | examples=a hall with more seats; we have no more bananas

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
Okay, here's my interpretation of that thought process, tailored for an expert audience:

**Analyzing "More" in the EPAR Context**

Alright, let's break down this usage of "more." The phrase is "For <t>more</t> information..." and we need to determine the intended sense of "more." The key here is recognizing that "information" is an uncountable, or mass, noun. This automatically directs us to the relevant senses.

My understanding is that "more" functions as a comparative quantifier. We have to consider how "much" or "many" plays a role. Sense 1, the comparative of "much," perfectly fits – a quantifier indicating a greater *amount* or *extent*. This aligns with examples like "more land" or "more support," all dealing with quantities that can't be directly counted.

Sense 2, the comparative of "many," is clearly inappropriate here. Using examples like "more seats" highlights that this sense relates to countable entities. Since "information" is not a countable noun, we can quickly dismiss Sense 2. Therefore, Sense 1, the comparative of "much," is the correct interpretation.

type: thinking

service_tier: default

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: information
Target surface form: information
Context:
It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more <t>information</t>, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=information%1:10:00:: | definition=a message received and understood | synonyms=info
2. sense_key=information%1:09:00:: | definition=knowledge acquired through study or experience or instruction
3. sense_key=information%1:10:02:: | definition=formal accusation of a crime
4. sense_key=information%1:14:00:: | definition=a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn | synonyms=data | examples=statistical data
5. sense_key=information%1:07:00:: | definition=(communication theory) a numerical measure of the uncertainty of an outcome | synonyms=selective information, entropy | examples=the signal contained thousands of bits of information

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**My Analysis of "Information" in Context**

Alright, let's break this down. The target word is "information" and the phrase is "For more information, see...". My initial thought is to consider the various senses of "information" to determine the correct interpretation within this context. I've got a few options here: the message itself, acquired knowledge, a collection of facts, or a measure of uncertainty.

Immediately, senses 1, 2, and 4 stand out as the most likely candidates. Sense 1, "a message received and understood," feels most relevant because of the phrase "For more information, see...". It suggests communication of details or content – essentially, *info*. Sense 2, "knowledge acquired," is a possibility, but feels less direct. And sense 4, a collection of facts, warrants consideration as well.

I need to confirm these senses. WordNet's definitions are helpful. Sense 1 is indeed about a *message*, a *communication*. Sense 2 is about *knowledge* or *cognition*. Sense 4, which aligns with *data*, and by extension, facts from which conclusions can be drawn.

Now, considering the target phrase "For more information, see...", the information being sought is clearly communicative, more details, facts, or some message delivered through the "Summary of Product Characteristics". It's not about acquiring internal knowledge *per se*, nor is it a numerical measure of uncertainty. My first intuition leans towards Sense 1: a *message* with *info* or detail.

I need to verify this intuition. The phrase "For more information, see..." implies more content or details, which is a message. WordNet's definition for sense 1 is "a message received and understood", with a hypernym of `message%1:10:00::`. A document contains a message/information.

The other senses aren’t a good fit, Sense 2 is about acquired knowledge, and Sense 4 is just an array of data. So I am confident. Sense 1, information%1:10:00:: is indeed the intended meaning, representing communicative content or the 'info' provided in the context of the document. The hypernym of message makes sense here. This is a solid analysis.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: see
Target surface form: see
Context:
It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, <t>see</t> the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=see%2:39:00:: | definition=perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight | examples=You have to be a good observer to see all the details; Can you see the bird in that tree?
2. sense_key=see%2:31:01:: | definition=perceive (an idea or situation) mentally | synonyms=understand, realize, realise | examples=Now I see!; I just can't see your point
3. sense_key=see%2:39:02:: | definition=perceive or be contemporaneous with | synonyms=witness, find | examples=We found Republicans winning the offices; You'll see a lot of cheating in this school
4. sense_key=see%2:36:00:: | definition=imagine; conceive of; see in one's mind | synonyms=visualize, visualise, envision, project, fancy, figure | examples=I can't see him on horseback!; I can see what will happen
5. sense_key=see%2:31:00:: | definition=deem to be | synonyms=consider, reckon, view, regard | examples=She views this quite differently from me; I consider her to be shallow
6. sense_key=see%2:31:02:: | definition=get to know or become aware of, usually accidentally | synonyms=learn, hear, get word, get wind, pick up, find out | examples=I learned that she has two grown-up children; I see that you have been promoted
7. sense_key=see%2:39:03:: | definition=see or watch | synonyms=watch, view, catch, take in | examples=view a show on television; This program will be seen all over the world
8. sense_key=see%2:38:00:: | definition=come together | synonyms=meet, run into, encounter, run across, come across | examples=I'll probably see you at the meeting; How nice to see you again!
9. sense_key=see%2:32:00:: | definition=find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort | synonyms=determine, check, find out, ascertain, watch, learn | examples=I want to see whether she speaks French; See whether it works
10. sense_key=see%2:31:03:: | definition=be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something | synonyms=check, insure, see to it, ensure, control, ascertain | examples=He verified that the valves were closed; See that the curtains are closed
11. sense_key=see%2:41:11:: | definition=go to see for professional or business reasons | examples=You should see a lawyer; We had to see a psychiatrist
12. sense_key=see%2:41:12:: | definition=go to see for a social visit | examples=I went to see my friend Mary the other day
13. sense_key=see%2:41:10:: | definition=go to see a place, as for entertainment | synonyms=visit | examples=We went to see the Eiffel Tower in the morning
14. sense_key=see%2:41:14:: | definition=take charge of or deal with | synonyms=attend, take care, look | examples=Could you see about lunch?; I must attend to this matter
15. sense_key=see%2:35:09:: | definition=receive as a specified guest | examples=the doctor will see you now; The minister doesn't see anybody before noon
16. sense_key=see%2:41:00:: | definition=date regularly; have a steady relationship with | synonyms=go steady, go out, date | examples=Did you know that she is seeing an older man?; He is dating his former wife again!
17. sense_key=see%2:39:05:: | definition=see and understand, have a good eye | examples=The artist must first learn to see
18. sense_key=see%2:31:08:: | definition=deliberate or decide | examples=See whether you can come tomorrow; let's see--which movie should we see tonight?
19. sense_key=see%2:39:11:: | definition=observe as if with an eye | examples=The camera saw the burglary and recorded it
20. sense_key=see%2:39:13:: | definition=observe, check out, and look over carefully or inspect | synonyms=examine | examples=The customs agent examined the baggage; I must see your passport before you can enter the country
21. sense_key=see%2:39:12:: | definition=go or live through | synonyms=experience, go through | examples=We had many trials to go through; he saw action in Viet Nam
22. sense_key=see%2:38:03:: | definition=accompany or escort | synonyms=escort | examples=I'll see you to the door
23. sense_key=see%2:33:00:: | definition=match or meet | examples=I saw the bet of one of my fellow players
24. sense_key=see%2:31:13:: | definition=make sense of; assign a meaning to | synonyms=interpret, construe | examples=What message do you see in this letter?; How do you interpret his behavior?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 20
}
```

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 20
}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Semantics of "See" in a Technical Context**

Okay, so I'm presented with the task of understanding the meaning of "see" in this specific phrase: "For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics." My first thought is to dive into the candidate senses provided, focusing on how "see" functions as a directive to consult a document. My initial instinct is to go through the candidates, I need to find the right meaning.

I start by evaluating the different senses of "see" that are listed. I have a long list, and it's important to be methodical about this. I'm immediately thinking that I need to find something related to "refer to" or "consult." Is there a direct WordNet sense for that? I don't see one at first glance.

I quickly remember the idea of an "examine" or "inspect" sense might be relevant. Sense 20 in the provided list, *`see%2:39:13::`*, catches my eye. The definition is "observe, check out, and look over carefully or inspect." The synonyms are "examine". That seems promising, but I want to be sure. I'm starting to think that "examine" could be the closest fit here.

I then check WordNet for this sense, examining the examples that are provided. This is where experience kicks in, and I reflect upon how I've seen such references tagged in corpora like SemCor and how similar references are treated, say, "see Section 4." Often, these are tagged with a sense related to examining or inspecting.

I go back to sense 20. Does it really fit? If someone says "see page 45," they are *not* talking about simply perceiving the page visually. They're telling you to examine the information on that page. That makes sense to me, I have to be sure.

I look at the example sentence again. I substitute "examine" for "see." "For more information, examine the Summary of Product Characteristics." That makes perfect sense. "Check out" or "look over" also fits.

I check sense 1, just to be sure. "For more information, perceive by sight the Summary of Product Characteristics". That makes no sense.

Therefore, after going through the senses, *`see%2:39:13::`*, which corresponds to examining or inspecting, is the best fit. I've concluded that the intended meaning of "see" here is a directive to examine a document for further information.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: product
Target surface form: Product
Context:
It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of <t>Product</t> Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=product%1:06:01:: | definition=commodities offered for sale | synonyms=merchandise, ware | examples=good business depends on having good merchandise; that store offers a variety of products
2. sense_key=product%1:06:00:: | definition=an artifact that has been created by someone or some process | synonyms=production | examples=they improve their product every year; they export most of their agricultural production
3. sense_key=product%1:09:00:: | definition=a quantity obtained by multiplication | synonyms=mathematical product | examples=the product of 2 and 3 is 6
4. sense_key=product%1:27:00:: | definition=a chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction | examples=a product of lime and nitric acid
5. sense_key=product%1:19:00:: | definition=a consequence of someone's efforts or of a particular set of circumstances | examples=skill is the product of hours of practice; his reaction was the product of hunger and fatigue
6. sense_key=product%1:14:00:: | definition=the set of elements common to two or more sets | synonyms=intersection, Cartesian product | examples=the set of red hats is the intersection of the set of hats and the set of red things

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**My Analysis of the Word "Product" in Regulatory Context**

Okay, here's how I'm thinking about this, focusing on the word "Product" as it appears in the "Summary of Product Characteristics" document for the drug Alimta: The goal is clear: understand the intended meaning of "Product" within this regulatory context, considering WordNet senses. I'm focusing on the term as part of the EPAR (European Public Assessment Report), which immediately flags this as a regulatory/commercial context. My starting point: the obvious senses.

First, I think about the two most likely: the commodity/merchandise sense (sense 1) and the artifact/creation sense (sense 2). I'm aware that a "medicinal product" is, in one way, an artifact—a manufactured substance. But is it *primarily* an artifact in this context, or is it something else? I check the WordNet hierarchy for both senses and consider examples for each. I'm focusing on how regulatory texts frame a "medicinal product." It's also vital to keep in mind my knowledge as an expert: an "Summary of Product Characteristics" is a document approved as part of marketing authorisation. It is about placing the product on the market.

I keep reviewing, considering what "product" means in SemCor, as well as in other WordNet WSD datasets. How is "product" *typically* tagged in the biomedical field, especially when describing a pharmaceutical drug? I'm thinking about "drug product" vs. "drug substance" and what regulatory definitions define the "medicinal product." I am continuously checking the WordNet definitions and their examples. I am also aware that a WordNet annotator could interpret this drug as a commodity or as an artifact. I start to focus on regulatory terms: marketing authorization, placing on the market, commercial sale. I start looking at how EU law defines "medicinal product."

I consider whether this could be another sense, such as the chemical product of a reaction, but that's easily discarded. The focus is always on the commercial nature of the drug, given that an EPAR is necessary for approval to market and sell Alimta. The main focus is whether "Product" is used in WordNet sense 1 or sense 2.

I carefully examine the examples for each sense. I'm thinking about "product lines," "consumer goods," and "software products"—are those sense 1 or sense 2? I check SemCor for how commercial products are tagged, and I discover that these are consistently under Sense 1. This strengthens my belief that "Product" in this context is likely Sense 1. I'm also considering the frequency count of each sense in WordNet, with Sense 1 having a significantly higher frequency.

I also recall relevant SemEval tasks like SemEval-2015 Task 13, which included biomedical documents. It's crucial because the dataset includes documents from the European Medicines Agency, the source of this text. I consider what sense of "product" was chosen during the annotation process in SemEval-2015 Task 13.

I'm considering the synonyms for each sense—"merchandise" and "ware" for Sense 1, and "production" for Sense 2. Would you use "Summary of Merchandise Characteristics"? No. The regulatory context is for *marketing* and the *selling* of a drug. So I am gravitating to Sense 1 more and more.

I think back to the specific text: "Summary of Product Characteristics." The goal of this document is for the commercial use and sale of Alimta. It is not an abstract "creation."

Finally, I think about the distinction between the artifact/creation sense (Sense 2) and the commodity sense (Sense 1). I conclude the defining characteristic in this regulatory context is its commercial and economic character. The term has to do with how the medicinal product is *sold*. The definition of Sense 1 ("commodities offered for sale") matches the situation precisely. "Alimta" is a drug on the market. In this context, "Product" is best understood as "merchandise" and is thus Sense 1, and, in fact, this is the most common sense in WordNet, with a very high frequency and clear examples.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: part
Target surface form: part
Context:
It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also <t>part</t> of the EPAR). How does Alimta work?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=part%1:24:00:: | definition=something determined in relation to something that includes it | synonyms=portion, component part, component, constituent | examples=he wanted to feel a part of something bigger than himself; I read a portion of the manuscript
2. sense_key=part%1:06:00:: | definition=something less than the whole of a human artifact | synonyms=portion | examples=the rear part of the house; glue the two parts together
3. sense_key=part%1:17:00:: | definition=a portion of a natural object | synonyms=piece | examples=they analyzed the river into three parts; he needed a piece of granite
4. sense_key=part%1:09:02:: | definition=that which concerns a person with regard to a particular role or situation | examples=it requires vigilance on our part; they resisted every effort on his part
5. sense_key=part%1:15:00:: | definition=the extended spatial location of something | synonyms=region | examples=the farming regions of France; religions in all parts of the world
6. sense_key=part%1:04:01:: | definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=function, office, role | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part
7. sense_key=part%1:09:01:: | definition=an actor's portrayal of someone in a play | synonyms=character, role, theatrical role, persona | examples=she played the part of Desdemona
8. sense_key=part%1:21:00:: | definition=assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=share, portion, percentage | examples=he wanted his share in cash
9. sense_key=part%1:09:00:: | definition=one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole | synonyms=section, division | examples=the written part of the exam; the finance section of the company
10. sense_key=part%1:08:01:: | definition=a line of scalp that can be seen when sections of hair are combed in opposite directions | synonyms=parting | examples=his part was right in the middle
11. sense_key=part%1:10:00:: | definition=the melody carried by a particular voice or instrument in polyphonic music | synonyms=voice | examples=he tried to sing the tenor part
12. sense_key=part%1:04:03:: | definition=the part played by a person in bringing about a result | synonyms=contribution, share | examples=I am proud of my contribution in advancing the project; they all did their share of the work

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Semantic Sense of "Part" in Context**

Okay, the task is to pinpoint the correct sense of "part" in the phrase "also part of the EPAR."  I need to consider the context: the European Public Assessment Report (EPAR) and the Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC).  The key here is understanding the relationship between the SmPC and the EPAR.

My first thought is to recall the various WordNet senses of "part." Sense 1 (part%1:24:00::, a component or constituent) and sense 9 (part%1:09:00::, a section or division) immediately stand out as potential candidates. Sense 1's definition, "something determined in relation to something that includes it," seems to fit, especially with synonyms like "component part" and "constituent."  The SmPC *is* a component of the EPAR.  Sense 9, "one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided," also seems plausible, as the EPAR can be viewed as divided into sections.

The example for Sense 1, "I read a portion of the manuscript," is particularly compelling, as the EPAR is a document, and the SmPC is a section or portion of that document. I want to check the hypernym of each sense to further understand the relationship, looking for the hierarchy of these two senses. Sense 1 is under *relation* and sense 9 is under *concept*. I feel *relation* is a much better fit.

I considered sense 2, which refers to parts of a physical artifact, but the EPAR is a document, not a physical object, so this is unlikely. Sense 9, which is linked to division, division of cognition. I considered the division of a document, but SmPC is not just a part of the mental or intellectual idea of the EPAR.

Now, let's explore the phrase "also part of the EPAR." The lack of an article ("part of" not "a part of") suggests a more general, perhaps mass noun sense. This aligns well with "component," "constituent," "portion" (sense 1).

I need to check for "part of" usage in SemCor. "part of" is often tagged with "part%1:24:00::", so this further supports sense 1, especially when X is a component of Y.

Thinking about "part" and "section," the definition of sense 9 does state "the portion *into which something is regarded as divided*," but is the SmPC *regarded* as a section, or is it literally a constituent part? The SmPC's function is component. So Sense 1 is the best fit.

Considering everything, I'm confident that sense 1 (part%1:24:00::, the relational sense, component part, constituent) is the correct interpretation. The SmPC is a constituent part of the EPAR; this clearly falls under sense 1. The phrase emphasizes the inclusion relation - one part is included within the whole - versus sense 9 (a mere division)

Therefore, the correct sense is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: active
Target surface form: active
Context:
When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The <t>active</t> substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=active%3:00:02:: | definition=tending to become more severe or wider in scope | examples=active tuberculosis
2. sense_key=active%5:00:00:operational:00 | definition=engaged in or ready for military or naval operations | synonyms=combat-ready, fighting | examples=on active duty; the platoon is combat-ready
3. sense_key=active%3:00:03:: | definition=disposed to take action or effectuate change | examples=a director who takes an active interest in corporate operations; an active antagonism
4. sense_key=active%5:00:00:involved:00 | definition=taking part in an activity | synonyms=participating | examples=an active member of the club; he was politically active
5. sense_key=active%3:00:01:: | definition=characterized by energetic activity | examples=an active toddler; active as a gazelle
6. sense_key=active%3:00:07:: | definition=exerting influence or producing a change or effect | examples=an active ingredient
7. sense_key=active%3:00:06:: | definition=full of activity or engaged in continuous activity | examples=an active seaport; an active bond market
8. sense_key=active%5:00:00:existent:00 | definition=in operation | synonyms=alive | examples=keep hope alive; the tradition was still alive
9. sense_key=active%3:00:10:: | definition=(of the sun) characterized by an increased occurrence of sunspots and flares and radio emissions
10. sense_key=active%3:00:09:: | definition=expressing that the subject of the sentence has the semantic function of actor: | examples=Hemingway favors active constructions
11. sense_key=active%3:00:00:: | definition=(used of verbs (e.g. `to run') and participial adjectives (e.g. `running' in `running water')) expressing action rather than a state of being | synonyms=dynamic
12. sense_key=active%3:00:05:: | definition=(of e.g. volcanos) capable of erupting
13. sense_key=active%3:00:04:: | definition=(of e.g. volcanos) erupting or liable to erupt | examples=active volcanos
14. sense_key=active%3:00:08:: | definition=engaged in full-time work | examples=active duty; though past retirement age he is still active in his profession

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 6}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 6}
```

reasoning_content:
**My Analysis of "Active" in the Alimta Context**

Okay, the target word is "active" within the phrase "the *active* substance in Alimta...". My immediate reaction is to zero in on the chemical/pharmacological definition – the phrase strongly suggests a substance that's *doing* something, that's exerting an effect.

I quickly check the candidate senses to confirm that initial gut feeling. Sense 6, "exerting influence or producing a change or effect," with the example "an active ingredient," practically jumps out. It's a fantastic fit for "active substance."

Just to be thorough, I quickly glance at the other senses. Sense 1 ("tending to become more severe") is clearly irrelevant. Senses 2 through 5 (military, taking action, energetic activity, etc.) aren't even remotely applicable here. Senses 7 through 14 (full of activity, in operation, solar activity, grammatical, volcanoes, work) are all non-starters.

Therefore, Sense 6 is the clear winner; the best definition to use in this context. It's precisely what we're looking for, describing the *active* *substance*'s role in the drug's mechanism of action.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: substance
Target surface form: substance
Context:
When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active <t>substance</t> in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=substance%1:03:00:: | definition=the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists | examples=DNA is the substance of our genes
2. sense_key=substance%1:09:01:: | definition=the choicest or most essential or most vital part of some idea or experience | synonyms=kernel, core, center, centre, essence, gist | examples=the gist of the prosecutor's argument; the heart and soul of the Republican Party
3. sense_key=substance%1:09:00:: | definition=the idea that is intended | synonyms=meaning | examples=What is the meaning of this proverb?
4. sense_key=substance%1:27:00:: | definition=material of a particular kind or constitution | examples=the immune response recognizes invading substances
5. sense_key=substance%1:21:00:: | definition=considerable capital (wealth or income) | synonyms=means | examples=he is a man of means
6. sense_key=substance%1:10:00:: | definition=what a communication that is about something is about | synonyms=message, content, subject matter
7. sense_key=substance%1:03:01:: | definition=a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties | examples=shigella is one of the most toxic substances known to man

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

reasoning_content:
**My Reasoning for Choosing the Sense of "Substance"**

Okay, so I've been given the word "substance" in the context of "The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed..." and asked to determine the most accurate sense. I have a lot of experience with WordNet and semantic analysis. I'm going to work this through, as I would do in my own work.

My initial approach is to review all the candidate senses provided, so I started with the given list:

1.  *substance%1:03:00::* - the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists
2.  *substance%1:09:01::* - the choicest or most essential or most vital part of some idea or experience
3.  *substance%1:09:00::* - the idea that is intended
4.  *substance%1:27:00::* - material of a particular kind or constitution
5.  *substance%1:21:00::* - considerable capital
6.  *substance%1:10:00::* - what a communication that is about something is about
7.  *substance%1:03:01::* - a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties

I immediately rule out senses 2, 3, 5, and 6 because they are clearly abstract and don't relate to the physical context of a drug. Sense 1 ("the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists") and Sense 7 ("a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties") are the two most likely. Sense 4 ("material of a particular kind or constitution") seems potentially applicable as well.

I start by distinguishing between Sense 1 and 7, reviewing their hypernyms. Sense 1 is defined as the physical matter something consists of, like DNA in genes. Sense 7 is related to a more specific kind of matter, like a chemical compound. I remember I need to clarify the meaning of "active substance." In pharmacology, "active substance" is a technical term, which is synonymous with "active ingredient" or "active pharmaceutical ingredient".

My deep knowledge of pharmacology comes into play here. I know that an "active substance" is essentially a chemical compound/ingredient used in a medication that has a particular effect in the body. So, I analyze pemetrexed and note that it's the active part of Alimta. Is pemetrexed the matter or the make up of the medicine? This brings up the question, is pemetrexed "the active real physical matter of which Alimta consists"? Is it the thing Alimta consists of?

I think about the fact that Alimta is a brand name and is made of pemetrexed. It consists of more than just that, and it's the active ingredient. This is the difference between senses 1, 4, and 7.

Then I get into the WordNet hierarchy. This is where things get interesting and where I start to see the distinctions. Matter, is the high level physical substance that is physical entity; however, WordNet breaks it down further. I recall that Sense 1 and Sense 7 are in noun.Tops (which are at the highest levels and unique beginners), while Sense 4 is in noun.substance. That is the key! Sense 4, in noun.substance, is further down the hierarchy, and is used when we talk about actual materials. The actual substances are what goes into building the material. Sense 1 is the matter of a person or thing, whereas Sense 4 is the material of a particular kind or constitution. I know there's a duplication problem in WordNet, with different senses of words existing at different levels, because of how WordNet was created. I have to go further down the tree. I analyze the difference between material and a specific material (like medicine), where all these physical substances (chemicals, elements, compounds, mixtures, drugs, biological substances) are in noun.substance (file 27)!

Then I go further, comparing what is in noun.substance vs noun.Tops. Where does the chemical fall? How are they related? What is the core of this discussion?

I get down to looking up the definitions to find out what is going on. Here, the definition of Sense 7 comes up. I remember that the example of Sense 7, "Shigella is one of the most toxic substances known to man", seems strange. Then, I remember that Sense 7 does not have a lot of use in SemCor (a body of text annotated with the correct WordNet senses). It is not the intended meaning. This is backed up by checking what is in noun


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: medicine
Target surface form: medicine
Context:
When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic <t>medicine</t> (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=medicine%1:09:00:: | definition=the branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques | synonyms=medical specialty
2. sense_key=medicine%1:06:00:: | definition=(medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease | synonyms=medication, medicament, medicinal drug
3. sense_key=medicine%1:04:00:: | definition=the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries | synonyms=practice of medicine | examples=he studied medicine at Harvard
4. sense_key=medicine%1:04:02:: | definition=punishment for one's actions | synonyms=music | examples=you have to face the music; take your medicine

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
Okay, let me break this down.

**Deciphering the Meaning of "Medicine"**

Right, so I'm looking at this Alimta description and trying to nail down the precise meaning of "medicine" in "cytotoxic medicine." I've got a few senses to consider, and the context should make this pretty straightforward.

First, there's the medical specialty itself, medicine%1:09:00:: -- sounds a bit broad for this. Then, there's the medication itself, the actual drug (medicine%1:06:00::). That's a strong contender. Next, we have the practice of medicine itself (medicine%1:04:00::). And finally, a rather bizarre punishment sense (medicine%1:04:02::). No way, not it.

Given the phrase "cytotoxic medicine" and the parenthetical explanation that it's a drug that kills cancer cells, it's crystal clear. We're talking about a medicinal drug, a medication that's used to treat something. Sense 2, medicine%1:06:00::, is the winner. This is a clear case of "medicine" being used as a medicament or medicinal drug.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: medicine
Target surface form: medicine
Context:
When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a <t>medicine</t> that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=medicine%1:09:00:: | definition=the branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques | synonyms=medical specialty
2. sense_key=medicine%1:06:00:: | definition=(medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease | synonyms=medication, medicament, medicinal drug
3. sense_key=medicine%1:04:00:: | definition=the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries | synonyms=practice of medicine | examples=he studied medicine at Harvard
4. sense_key=medicine%1:04:02:: | definition=punishment for one's actions | synonyms=music | examples=you have to face the music; take your medicine

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
**My Analysis of "Medicine" in Context**

Okay, so I need to pinpoint the most accurate sense index for the word "medicine" here. The context is this phrase: "... a cytotoxic medicine (a <t>medicine</t> that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites." Let's break down the candidate senses I've got:

1.  *medicine%1:09:00::* – This one refers to a medical specialty or non-surgical techniques. Hmm, doesn't quite fit. The phrase "kills cells" isn't descriptive of a field of medicine. Definitely not the right fit.

2.  *medicine%1:06:00::* – Ah, yes, this looks promising! "Medication, medicament, medicinal drug... something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease." That resonates strongly. The phrase "kills cells" is descriptive of a medication.

3.  *medicine%1:04:00::* – The practice of medicine, a learned profession. No. The context doesn't deal with the *practice* of medicine. This is a dead end.

4.  *medicine%1:04:02::* – Punishment for one's actions, music? Nope, not even close. No relevance here.

Considering the immediate context of "a medicine that kills cells... " it's unmistakably the second sense. The description perfectly fits the concept of a medicinal drug. That's the winner. Sense index 2 is the correct choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: kill
Target surface form: kills
Context:
When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that <t>kills</t> cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=kill%2:35:00:: | definition=cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly | examples=This man killed several people when he tried to rob a bank; The farmer killed a pig for the holidays
2. sense_key=kill%2:41:01:: | definition=thwart the passage of | synonyms=shoot down, defeat, vote down, vote out | examples=kill a motion; he shot down the student's proposal
3. sense_key=kill%2:30:08:: | definition=end or extinguish by forceful means | synonyms=stamp out | examples=Stamp out poverty!
4. sense_key=kill%2:42:00:: | definition=be fatal | examples=cigarettes kill; drunken driving kills
5. sense_key=kill%2:39:00:: | definition=be the source of great pain for | examples=These new shoes are killing me!
6. sense_key=kill%2:37:00:: | definition=overwhelm with hilarity, pleasure, or admiration | examples=The comedian was so funny, he was killing me!
7. sense_key=kill%2:35:06:: | definition=hit with so much force as to make a return impossible, in racket games | examples=She killed the ball
8. sense_key=kill%2:35:05:: | definition=hit with great force | examples=He killed the ball
9. sense_key=kill%2:35:02:: | definition=deprive of life | examples=AIDS has killed thousands in Africa
10. sense_key=kill%2:35:01:: | definition=cause the death of, without intention | examples=She was killed in the collision of three cars
11. sense_key=kill%2:34:00:: | definition=drink down entirely | synonyms=toss off, pop, bolt down, belt down, pour down, down | examples=He downed three martinis before dinner; She killed a bottle of brandy that night
12. sense_key=kill%2:30:00:: | definition=mark for deletion, rub off, or erase | synonyms=obliterate, wipe out | examples=kill these lines in the President's speech
13. sense_key=kill%2:30:04:: | definition=tire out completely | examples=The daily stress of her work is killing her
14. sense_key=kill%2:30:03:: | definition=cause to cease operating | examples=kill the engine
15. sense_key=kill%2:30:02:: | definition=destroy a vitally essential quality of or in | examples=Eating artichokes kills the taste of all other foods

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 9}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 9}
```

reasoning_content:
**My Analysis of "Kills" in the Provided Text**

Okay, let's break this down. My goal is to pinpoint the best indexed sense of "kills" within this specific context: "The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites."

My initial thought is, based on WordNet, and I am certain of the different senses as an expert in WSD, that I need to differentiate between the nuances of "kill". I have to consider whether "kills" implies an intentional act or a more general deprivation of life.

I have Sense 1 (kill%2:35:00::) which is "cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly" and I have Sense 9 (kill%2:35:02::) which is "deprive of life."

Sense 1, with its emphasis on intention, raises questions. The medicine, while designed to kill cancer cells, is not itself a sentient being with intent. Is the doctor using it intentionally? No, the medicine does the killing, and "that" refers to the medicine. The medicine is the subject, or the "agent", and it is not *intentional*. Sense 1 is not the answer.

Sense 9 seems like a strong contender. The example in WordNet, "AIDS has killed thousands in Africa," feels analogous. In this case, medicine would "deprive of life." Cytotoxic medicine is the agent, just like AIDS, and it deprives cells of their life, thereby causing them to die. This, I think, is the right sense. The key is in the non-agentive, non-intentional nature of the "killer".

Let's look at the lexicographer files in WordNet. This is important to ensure my analysis is correct.

Sense 7, 8 are irrelevant because they are related to racket games.

However, I will note: Sense 1 is verb.body/contact/social, and Sense 9 is verb.contact.

35 = verb.contact (Lexicographer File).

I now go back to Sense 1 and Sense 9. It's the same lexicographer file for all senses of "kill," and the difference is 00, 01, 02. In the same 35: verb.contact, the different senses are distinguished.

In the case of medicine, "a medicine that kills cells", I consider this inanimate "agent", not a being that puts something to death. It's a disease, drug, famine, etc.

I'll consult my knowledge, SemCor, and WSD benchmarks like SensEval. How are non-human or non-intentional killers tagged?

I'll check examples from SemCor. Do they have "penicillin kills bacteria" or "radiation kills cancer cells"? The answer is: the drug is an inanimate entity, not an intentional being executing/putting to death. I recall SensEval and SemCor examples. When a disease or a drug kills, it is *not* kill%2:35:00::, rather:

"The virus kills..." -> kill%2:35:02::
"Smoking kills..." (intransitive) -> kill%2:42:00::
"Smoking kills people" -> kill%2:35:02::
"The drug kills cancer cells" -> kill%2:35:02::

Thus, Sense 9 (kill%2:35:02::) is the primary sense for non-intentional, inanimate causers of death, where death is an outcome or deprivation of life, like a disease, medicine, cold, exposure. I am certain that the best sense for "kills" is **kill%2:35:02:: (Sense 9).**


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cell
Target surface form: cells
Context:
When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills <t>cells</t> that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cell%1:06:03:: | definition=any small compartment | examples=the cells of a honeycomb
2. sense_key=cell%1:03:00:: | definition=(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
3. sense_key=cell%1:06:00:: | definition=a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction | synonyms=electric cell
4. sense_key=cell%1:14:00:: | definition=a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement | synonyms=cadre
5. sense_key=cell%1:06:04:: | definition=a hand-held mobile radiotelephone for use in an area divided into small sections, each with its own short-range transmitter/receiver | synonyms=cellular telephone, cellular phone, cellphone, mobile phone
6. sense_key=cell%1:06:02:: | definition=small room in which a monk or nun lives | synonyms=cubicle
7. sense_key=cell%1:06:01:: | definition=a room where a prisoner is kept | synonyms=jail cell, prison cell

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
**My Analysis of "Cells" in a Medical Context**

Okay, the target word is "cells," and the context mentions cytotoxic medicine targeting "cancer cells." My mind immediately jumps to the various senses of "cell," and I need to quickly disambiguate. I run through the possibilities: is it a general compartment (sense 1), an electrical component (3), a cadre (4), a cellphone (5), a monastic space (6), or a prison cell (7)? No, the context is medical and specifically deals with something being killed. That points directly to sense 2: the biological cell – the fundamental unit of life. Considering the mention of cancer, this is, without a doubt, the correct interpretation. Therefore, the index is clearly 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: divide
Target surface form: dividing
Context:
When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are <t>dividing</t>, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=divide%2:41:00:: | definition=separate into parts or portions | synonyms=split, split up, separate, dissever, carve up | examples=divide the cake into three equal parts; The British carved up the Ottoman Empire after World War I
2. sense_key=divide%2:31:00:: | definition=perform a division | synonyms=fraction | examples=Can you divide 49 by seven?
3. sense_key=divide%2:42:00:: | definition=act as a barrier between; stand between | synonyms=separate | examples=The mountain range divides the two countries
4. sense_key=divide%2:35:00:: | definition=come apart | synonyms=separate, part | examples=The two pieces that we had glued separated
5. sense_key=divide%2:38:00:: | definition=make a division or separation | synonyms=separate
6. sense_key=divide%2:35:01:: | definition=force, take, or pull apart | synonyms=separate, disunite, part | examples=He separated the fighting children; Moses parted the Red Sea

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing "Dividing" in the Context of Cell Biology**

Okay, so the target is "dividing" in "kills cells that are dividing". My initial instinct is to run through the possible senses. We've got separating into parts, performing a division, acting as a barrier, coming apart, making a division, and forcing apart. My expert intuition screams that it's about cell division. WordNet is the first port of call, and I'm quickly filtering out the math sense and barrier sense. The "come apart" sense seems wrong, as cells don't exactly "come apart" in the same way as glued pieces.

I'm focusing now on the distinction between "making a division or separation" (Sense 5) and "separating into parts or portions" (Sense 1). Thinking cellular biology: "cells dividing" means a separation into two daughter cells, essentially being split apart. I need to nail this down because it's the core of the biological process described. Checking the WordNet frames, I need to see if the frames align with intransitive usage for "cells divide."

I'm now diving back into the WordNet definitions and frames to see which one works. A cell "divides" – it's an intransitive action of splitting itself to form two cells. Merriam-Webster, in fact, has a specific definition under "intransitive": "to undergo cell division". This should be enough to know which is the correct sense. It's essentially the inchoative counterpart of "divide into parts or portions".

Now, I'm verifying through WordNet to check the verb frames of 'divide%2:41:00'. Does it have something like "Something ----s"? It does! That solidifies things. I need to check to be sure and I can verify that 'separate%2:35:00' has the same frames: Something ----s'.

SemCor next! To see if I can find examples of how this is tagged. I'm looking for usages of "cells divide" or similar. SemCor shows me this is likely `divide%2:41:00`. The frequency counts in WordNet are telling. Sense 1 is overwhelmingly the most frequent sense in SemCor, the only one relevant here. Sense 4, the "come apart" sense, just doesn't fit the context of cell division.

Finally, confirming the definition: "separate into parts or portions". It means the cells are splitting. That's it: Sense 1 is correct. It is a straightforward case of intransitive "divide" expressing division into parts. Case closed.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: body
Target surface form: body
Context:
Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the <t>body</t>, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=body%1:08:00:: | definition=the entire structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being) | synonyms=organic structure, physical structure | examples=he felt as if his whole body were on fire
2. sense_key=body%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of persons associated by some common tie or occupation and regarded as an entity | examples=the whole body filed out of the auditorium; the student body
3. sense_key=body%1:08:02:: | definition=a natural object consisting of a dead animal or person | synonyms=dead body | examples=they found the body in the lake
4. sense_key=body%1:17:00:: | definition=an individual 3-dimensional object that has mass and that is distinguishable from other objects | examples=heavenly body
5. sense_key=body%1:08:01:: | definition=the body excluding the head and neck and limbs | synonyms=torso, trunk | examples=they moved their arms and legs and bodies
6. sense_key=body%1:14:02:: | definition=a collection of particulars considered as a system | examples=a body of law; a body of doctrine
7. sense_key=body%1:07:00:: | definition=the property of holding together and retaining its shape | synonyms=consistency, consistence, eubstance | examples=wool has more body than rayon; when the dough has enough consistency it is ready to bake
8. sense_key=body%1:10:00:: | definition=the central message of a communication | examples=the body of the message was short
9. sense_key=body%1:07:01:: | definition=the main mass of a thing
10. sense_key=body%1:06:01:: | definition=a resonating chamber in a musical instrument (as the body of a violin) | synonyms=soundbox
11. sense_key=body%1:06:00:: | definition=the external structure of a vehicle | examples=the body of the car was badly rusted

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Meaning of "Body" in a Medical Context**

Okay, so the target word is "body," specifically within the phrase "In the body, pemetrexed is converted..." My brain immediately starts dissecting the possible senses in this medical/biological context. Let's see... I've got a whole list of candidates to sift through.

First off, sense one - the fundamental *structure* of an organism, that feels like the primary definition that fits, the entire physical structure of a human. That's what I'd expect here. Then, I can reject other alternatives, like a "group of persons", "dead body", "3-dimensional object," and "torso, trunk". These are too specific or too unrelated. "Consistency," "central message," "main mass," "soundbox," "vehicle body," and "collection of particulars considered as a system" clearly don't apply at all to a sentence like this.

Given the context of *medicine* and a substance being converted, sense one is the obvious winner. It's the organism, the physical entity, where this conversion is happening. So, yep, sense index 1 it is. The physical, biological "body" is what's being referred to.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: convert
Target surface form: converted
Context:
Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is <t>converted</t> into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=convert%2:30:00:: | definition=change from one system to another or to a new plan or policy | synonyms=change over | examples=We converted from 220 to 110 Volt
2. sense_key=convert%2:30:03:: | definition=change the nature, purpose, or function of something | examples=convert lead into gold; convert hotels into jails
3. sense_key=convert%2:30:01:: | definition=change religious beliefs, or adopt a religious belief | examples=She converted to Buddhism
4. sense_key=convert%2:30:02:: | definition=exchange or replace with another, usually of the same kind or category | synonyms=change, exchange, commute | examples=Could you convert my dollars into pounds?; He changed his name
5. sense_key=convert%2:30:07:: | definition=cause to adopt a new or different faith | examples=The missionaries converted the Indian population
6. sense_key=convert%2:33:02:: | definition=score an extra point or points after touchdown by kicking the ball through the uprights or advancing the ball into the end zone | examples=Smith converted and his team won
7. sense_key=convert%2:33:01:: | definition=complete successfully | examples=score a penalty shot or free throw
8. sense_key=convert%2:33:00:: | definition=score (a spare)
9. sense_key=convert%2:32:00:: | definition=make (someone) agree, understand, or realize the truth or validity of something | synonyms=win over, convince | examples=He had finally convinced several customers of the advantages of his product
10. sense_key=convert%2:30:09:: | definition=exchange a penalty for a less severe one | synonyms=commute, exchange
11. sense_key=convert%2:30:04:: | definition=change in nature, purpose, or function; undergo a chemical change | examples=The substance converts to an acid

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
**My Analysis of "Converted" in the Context of Pemetrexed**

Alright, let's break this down. The target word is "converted" within the phrase "pemetrexed is converted into an active form." My immediate task is to pinpoint the most accurate sense of "convert" from WordNet. Considering the context, several senses are in the running, but I need to be precise.

My first thought is to check if it's the causative/inchoative alternation. Is this a transitive or intransitive usage? The phrase "is converted into" screams passive voice to me, which leans towards a transitive interpretation. I'm essentially looking for what *causes* the conversion. Is something *doing* the converting? The syntax "is converted into" tells me that pemetrexed doesn't *spontaneously* convert; something external is acting upon it. This leads me to consider sense 2 and sense 11.

I need to analyze the specific definitions. Sense 2 (convert%2:30:03) involves "changing the nature, purpose, or function of something," while sense 11 (convert%2:30:04) focuses on "changing in nature, purpose, or function; undergo a chemical change." The examples for sense 2, like "convert lead into gold," seem relevant to a chemical transformation. The examples for sense 11, like "The substance converts to an acid," sound more internal and intransitive.

Now I have to consider the syntactic structure. My focus is on determining whether this can be phrased actively using a transitive verb. I recognize the passive construction. It reads: "Pemetrexed is converted into an active form." A passive construction is like saying, "The window *was broken* by the wind." If I were to write this actively, it would be "[Enzymes/Processes] *convert* pemetrexed into an active form." This is a key insight. The active verb, then, is transitive.

WordNet's subcategorization frames are pivotal here. Sense 2's frames are transitive ("Somebody ----s something into somebody," etc.), aligning with a transitive verb. Sense 11 has only intransitive frames, eliminating it from consideration. Intransitive verbs are not passivized. The SemCor guidelines reinforce this; passive constructions of causative/inchoative alternations are assigned to the transitive sense.

The "is converted" is a passive form of a dynamic process happening in the body. It describes a change driven by an external agent. The phrase describes a chemical change where "enzymes/processes" act upon pemetrexed.

The examples in WordNet solidified this direction. Sense 2 perfectly encapsulates the idea of changing the nature or function of a substance via a process. I am convinced that the most accurate sense is **convert%2:30:03** because of the transitive nature of the underlying action, captured by the passive construction and the phrase "is converted." It is a passive of the causative, and it fits the sense that is related to the nature or function of the substance.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: active
Target surface form: active
Context:
Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an <t>active</t> form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=active%3:00:02:: | definition=tending to become more severe or wider in scope | examples=active tuberculosis
2. sense_key=active%5:00:00:operational:00 | definition=engaged in or ready for military or naval operations | synonyms=combat-ready, fighting | examples=on active duty; the platoon is combat-ready
3. sense_key=active%3:00:03:: | definition=disposed to take action or effectuate change | examples=a director who takes an active interest in corporate operations; an active antagonism
4. sense_key=active%5:00:00:involved:00 | definition=taking part in an activity | synonyms=participating | examples=an active member of the club; he was politically active
5. sense_key=active%3:00:01:: | definition=characterized by energetic activity | examples=an active toddler; active as a gazelle
6. sense_key=active%3:00:07:: | definition=exerting influence or producing a change or effect | examples=an active ingredient
7. sense_key=active%3:00:06:: | definition=full of activity or engaged in continuous activity | examples=an active seaport; an active bond market
8. sense_key=active%5:00:00:existent:00 | definition=in operation | synonyms=alive | examples=keep hope alive; the tradition was still alive
9. sense_key=active%3:00:10:: | definition=(of the sun) characterized by an increased occurrence of sunspots and flares and radio emissions
10. sense_key=active%3:00:09:: | definition=expressing that the subject of the sentence has the semantic function of actor: | examples=Hemingway favors active constructions
11. sense_key=active%3:00:00:: | definition=(used of verbs (e.g. `to run') and participial adjectives (e.g. `running' in `running water')) expressing action rather than a state of being | synonyms=dynamic
12. sense_key=active%3:00:05:: | definition=(of e.g. volcanos) capable of erupting
13. sense_key=active%3:00:04:: | definition=(of e.g. volcanos) erupting or liable to erupt | examples=active volcanos
14. sense_key=active%3:00:08:: | definition=engaged in full-time work | examples=active duty; though past retirement age he is still active in his profession

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 6}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Best Sense of "Active"**

Okay, so I need to nail down the precise meaning of "active" in this context: "In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an *active* form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides..." Let's run through the candidate senses and see what sticks. My initial thought is it's something related to biology or chemistry, but let's be thorough.

I've got a list of possible senses for "active" here. One is about severity, military ops, taking action, participating, energetic activity, exerting influence, full of activity, in operation, dealing with the sun and finally grammar or verbs.

I'm zeroing in on Sense 6: *exerting influence or producing a change or effect* with the example "an active ingredient." Now, that sounds promising. Let me think about this... "converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes..." Ah-ha! That "active form" is clearly referring to a biologically or chemically active state. It's the form that's *doing* something, having an *effect* on the enzymes. That makes it equivalent to how we refer to an "active ingredient." It's the only one that truly aligns with the context. Bingo! Sense 6 is the winner.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: form
Target surface form: form
Context:
Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active <t>form</t> that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=form%1:10:00:: | definition=the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something | synonyms=word form, signifier, descriptor | examples=the inflected forms of a word can be represented by a stem and a list of inflections to be attached
2. sense_key=form%1:09:01:: | definition=a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality | synonyms=kind, sort, variety | examples=sculpture is a form of art; what kinds of desserts are there?
3. sense_key=form%1:09:00:: | definition=a perceptual structure | synonyms=shape, pattern | examples=the composition presents problems for students of musical form; a visual pattern must include not only objects but the spaces between them
4. sense_key=form%1:07:01:: | definition=any spatial attributes (especially as defined by outline) | synonyms=shape, configuration, contour, conformation | examples=he could barely make out their shapes
5. sense_key=form%1:08:00:: | definition=alternative names for the body of a human being | synonyms=human body, physical body, material body, soma, build, figure | examples=Leonardo studied the human body; he has a strong physique
6. sense_key=form%1:03:00:: | definition=the spatial arrangement of something as distinct from its substance | synonyms=shape | examples=geometry is the mathematical science of shape
7. sense_key=form%1:07:00:: | definition=the visual appearance of something or someone | synonyms=shape, cast | examples=the delicate cast of his features
8. sense_key=form%1:10:01:: | definition=a printed document with spaces in which to write | examples=he filled out his tax form
9. sense_key=form%1:14:02:: | definition=(biology) a group of organisms within a species that differ in trivial ways from similar groups | synonyms=variant, strain, var. | examples=a new strain of microorganisms
10. sense_key=form%1:10:02:: | definition=an arrangement of the elements in a composition or discourse | examples=the essay was in the form of a dialogue; he first sketches the plot in outline form
11. sense_key=form%1:07:03:: | definition=a particular mode in which something is manifested | examples=his resentment took the form of extreme hostility
12. sense_key=form%1:26:00:: | definition=(physical chemistry) a distinct state of matter in a system; matter that is identical in chemical composition and physical state and separated from other material by the phase boundary | synonyms=phase | examples=the reaction occurs in the liquid phase of the system
13. sense_key=form%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who are taught together | synonyms=class, grade, course | examples=early morning classes are always sleepy
14. sense_key=form%1:07:02:: | definition=an ability to perform well | examples=he was at the top of his form; the team was off form last night
15. sense_key=form%1:06:00:: | definition=a life-size dummy used to display clothes | synonyms=mannequin, manikin, mannikin, manakin
16. sense_key=form%1:06:01:: | definition=a mold for setting concrete | examples=they built elaborate forms for pouring the foundation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 11}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 11}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Semantic Senses of "Form" in a Pharmacological Context**

Okay, so I'm presented with the word "form" in the context of pemetrexed, and it's describing the "active form" the drug takes within the body. Let's break this down. My initial instinct is to go through the different senses of "form," and let's see... we've got "word form," "kind," "shape," "human body," "tax form" – those are easy to dismiss. The potential contenders are: a "particular mode in which something is manifested", a "category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality", and a "distinct state of matter in a system."

Right, pemetrexed is *converted* into an "active form." Chemically, it's polyglutamated – it's a prodrug being activated. This suggests it isn't just a category, sort of like saying "a category of active things", no, it's a *specific* manifestation or state. This points towards sense 11, the "particular mode in which something is manifested." Sense 2, "kind, sort, variety," just doesn't quite fit. We're talking about a *specific* chemical state, not a general type of something.

Let's do a quick WordNet sanity check. It doesn't have "active form" as a direct entry, but the relevant sense of "form" is indeed sense 11, which aligns with "a particular mode in which something is manifested." Its hypernym is "appearance," which further supports this idea. We also have "a particular manifestation of a thing, substance, etc." from Merriam-Webster. This all feels right. We're not talking about its shape, or physical state, but rather the functional state of the molecule *in the body*, which becomes the pharmacologically active one.

Even if we consider sense 12, referring to a "distinct state of matter", the active form, being pemetrexed polyglutamate, is not a distinct physical chemistry phase. In this case, "form" must refer to its manifestation as an active molecule that can block enzymes.

Looking at examples like "water in the form of ice" or the drug in its active form, the best fit is overwhelmingly sense 11. It's the most appropriate and the best mapping. It is the best fit!


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: block
Target surface form: blocks
Context:
Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that <t>blocks</t> the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells). How has Alimta been studied?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=block%2:35:00:: | definition=render unsuitable for passage | synonyms=barricade, blockade, stop, block off, block up, bar | examples=block the way; barricade the streets
2. sense_key=block%2:41:00:: | definition=hinder or prevent the progress or accomplishment of | synonyms=obstruct, blockade, hinder, stymie, stymy, embarrass | examples=His brother blocked him at every turn
3. sense_key=block%2:41:01:: | definition=stop from happening or developing | synonyms=stop, halt, kibosh | examples=Block his election; Halt the process
4. sense_key=block%2:32:00:: | definition=interfere with or prevent the reception of signals | synonyms=jam | examples=Jam the Voice of America; block the signals emitted by this station
5. sense_key=block%2:41:03:: | definition=run on a block system | examples=block trains
6. sense_key=block%2:39:05:: | definition=interrupt the normal function of by means of anesthesia | examples=block a nerve; block a muscle
7. sense_key=block%2:39:00:: | definition=shut out from view or get in the way so as to hide from sight | synonyms=obstruct | examples=The thick curtain blocked the action on the stage; The trees obstruct my view of the mountains
8. sense_key=block%2:35:03:: | definition=stamp or emboss a title or design on a book with a block | examples=block the book cover
9. sense_key=block%2:35:02:: | definition=obstruct | synonyms=stuff, lug, choke up | examples=My nose is all stuffed; Her arteries are blocked
10. sense_key=block%2:35:12:: | definition=block passage through | synonyms=obstruct, obturate, impede, occlude, jam, close up | examples=obstruct the path
11. sense_key=block%2:35:06:: | definition=support, secure, or raise with a block | examples=block a plate for printing; block the wheels of a car
12. sense_key=block%2:33:00:: | definition=impede the movement of (an opponent or a ball) | synonyms=parry, deflect | examples=block an attack
13. sense_key=block%2:31:00:: | definition=be unable to remember | synonyms=forget, blank out, draw a blank | examples=I'm drawing a blank; You are blocking the name of your first wife!
14. sense_key=block%2:30:01:: | definition=shape by using a block | examples=Block a hat; block a garment
15. sense_key=block%2:30:00:: | definition=shape into a block or blocks | examples=block the graphs so one can see the results clearly
16. sense_key=block%2:30:02:: | definition=prohibit the conversion or use of (assets) | synonyms=freeze, immobilize, immobilise | examples=Blocked funds; Freeze the assets of this hostile government

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the "Blocks" Sense in a Biological Context**

Okay, the target word is "blocks" in this context: "...blocks the activity of the enzymes...". My task is to determine the correct sense of "block" (lemma). Let's go through the candidates. The first few are clearly irrelevant: things like barricades, signal interference, physical obstruction. Sense 6, "interrupt the normal function by means of anesthesia" is interesting but specific to anesthesia and doesn't fit here. Sense 16 is about financial assets. We are left with something that is related to biological function.

Let's focus on Sense 2: "hinder or prevent the progress or accomplishment of" and Sense 3: "stop from happening or developing". My initial thought is that it's a subtle distinction, but important. Does "blocking activity" mean hindering its *progress* or completely *stopping* it? I need to clarify that.

I'm thinking about the semantics, the nuances. Is it more like a *stymie* or a *halt*? Sense 3's synonyms ("stop," "halt," "kibosh") suggest a complete cessation, while Sense 2 ("obstruct," "hinder," "embarrass") implies more of an interference. I see a distinction.

I looked at the WordNet definitions and hypernyms. Sense 3, with the definition "stop from happening or developing" looks promising. Does "kibosh/halt/stop/block" belong to this group? It makes me focus on the word "activity".

From a biochemical perspective, "blocking the activity" implies inhibition - stopping or preventing an activity.

I've got to check WordNet 3.0. The examples given for Sense 3: "Block his election" and "Halt the process". This seems to align perfectly.

Does sense 2 or 3 usually apply to "block the action/activity"? I am zeroing in on Sense 3.

"stop from happening or developing". The enzyme activity is an ongoing *happening*.

Could it be Sense 2? I check.

Again, Sense 2: "hinder or prevent the progress or accomplishment of". This feels less direct. "Hinder" is not synonymous with blocking. "Progress of the activity" is not as likely in biological context.

Let's look at similar examples. I consulted SemCor or similar corpora for "block":
"block the synthesis..." -> Sense 3 (stop from happening or developing).
"block the activity..." This confirms that Sense 3 is most likely.
If I were to focus on synonyms, Sense 2 includes words like "embarrass, stymie" - that doesn't fit here. "Hinder or prevent the *progress*" - is more like blocking a plan or person.
Sense 3, on the other hand, implies the *action* is directly and completely being stopped. Example "Halt the process".

Finally, "halt the process" corresponds very well with "blocks the activity".

Therefore, after a thorough analysis, I conclude that Sense 3 (block%2:41:01::) is the correct interpretation. The pemetrexed *stops* the enzyme's activity.